Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
## 2 ) Expanding Promotion

Progress is being made in the promotion of female police officers to senior ranks. As of April 1, 2012, the number of female police officers recruited by the prefectural police and promoted to the rank of Chief Inspector or higher was 224 $ ^{10} $ , with some officers appointed as Chief of Police Station and Chief of Criminal Investigation Sections of police stations.

Regarding the range of job categories, many female officers in the past were assigned to the traffic sections. However, the percentage of female officers assigned to other fields has been increasing. In addition, as well as utilizing the capabilities and characteristics of female police officers in investigations and

Trend in the number of female police officers employed by the prefectural police with a rank of Chief Inspector or higher (2002-2012)(FY)

Status of placement of female police officers by department in prefectural police

2: Anti-organized crime departments were not separate departments in FY2002.

victim support for cases in which women fall victim to sexual offenses or spousal violence, appointments for female officers are expanding into all areas such as measures against organized crime groups (Boryokudan) and police escorts.

## 3 ) Creating a Comfortable Working Environment for Female Police Officers

Along with the expansion of recruitment and promotion of female police officers, police are also working to create comfortable working environments for female police officers by providing sleeping quarters for women in Police Boxes (Koban) and introducing subsidies for officers who are in need of baby-sitters.

## (2) Efforts to Expand the Level of Recruitment and Promotion

In February 2011, in the interests of ensuring police officer quality and working towards a gender-equal society, the NPA instructed the prefectural police forces to draft plans for the expansion of recruitment and promotion of female police officers. Following these instructions, by December 2011, all the prefectural police had drafted plans that incorporated targets to raise the overall percentage of female police officers up to 10% by April 2023 (nationwide average).

Other than working towards expanding recruitment, the plans also incorporated specific approaches in relation to:

○Efforts to expand opportunities for promotion such as expansion of assignment to include Police Boxes (Koban).

○ Efforts to secure enforcement capabilities, such as the enhancement of knowledge in relation to tasks frequently undertaken by female police officers, such as investigating sexual offense and handling female detainees

Efforts to create comfortable working environments for female police officers such as the development of materials/equipment and facilities that are easy for female police officers to use

In the future, each prefectural police force will press ahead with the recruitment and promotion of female police officers in accordance with the
plans they have drafted, conduct reviews of progress status, and revise plans as necessary.

## Column: A sense of pride as a police officer

Superintendent, Yuko Osafune, Chief of Bibai Police Station, Sapporo area, Hokkaido

The employment situation for women back when I was first appointed seemed to be that, with the exception of some job types, most women would work for a short number of years and employment generally ended with marriage. Around this time, the Hokkaido police began recruiting female police officers, and having grown up watching my father, who was also a police officer, I thought to myself, "Now that's a lifetime career that a woman can pursue. I want to fight dishonesty and evil, and protect people from crime and accidents." I applied without any doubts. 35 years have passed since my appointment and I can still clearly recall the joy I felt the first time I put my arms through the sleeves of my uniform. 35 years ago, the areas that female police officers could work in were certainly limited, but now, female police officers are active in many departments and senior female officers are not uncommon. Although the duties of the Chief of Police Station, the highest position of responsibility in maintaining public safety within one's own jurisdiction, is a heavy responsibility, the creation of a community where people can live in peace, free from crime and accidents is a mission my colleagues and I will apply our full efforts to fulfill.
## Chapter 2: Ensuring Community Safety and Criminal Investigations

## Section 1 Crime and Countermeasures

## 1 Confirmed and Cleared Criminal Cases

In 2011, the number of confirmed criminal cases was 1,480,765, a decrease of 105,091 cases (6.6%) from the previous year. However in comparison to levels in the mid-1960s to 1970s of around 1,200,000 per year, the level is still high. The police are implementing deterrence measures in response to individual crime types such as snatching, shop-lifting and break-ins.

## (2) Cybercrime

During 2011, the number of cybercrime cases cleared was 5,741, a decrease of 1,192 cases (17.2%) from the previous year. The police are striving to apply structural developments and implementing countermeasures against illegal /harmful information on the Internet and unauthorized access. In addition, with the incidence of serious cases such as cyber-attacks against both the House of Representatives and the House of Councilors, the threat posed by cybercrime is rapidly increasing. As the linchpin of countermeasures, the enhancement of measures to prevent unauthorized access had become a pressing issue, and partial amendments to the

Trends in confirmed and cleared criminal cases (1946 - 2011)

## 2 Measures against Individual Crimes

## (1) Malicious Business and Illegal Loan Offences

During 2011, the number of persons arrested for investment fraud was 184 and the number of cleared cases was 35. Many of these cases were related to investment funds and unlisted shares. In addition, the number of persons arrested in relation to loan-sharking during 2011 was 666 and the number of cleared cases was 366 of which 22.7% were cases involving Boryokudan. In addition, regarding specified commercial transaction offenses, a conspicuous number of cleared cases were related to inspection scams operating under the guise of roof inspections and other transactions that target the elderly and carry out overpriced and unnecessary home remodelling works.

Unauthorized Computer Access Act, which stipulates the prohibition of phishing, etc. were enacted in the 180 $ ^{th} $ Session of the National Diet in March 2012, and came into force in May of the same year.
command functions and incident response capabilities.

Communications and Command Center

## 5 Police Box (Koban)/Residential Police Box Activities

Policies boxes (Koban) and residential police boxes maintain an understanding of the area under their jurisdiction through activities such as patrols and rounds, and undertake activities appropriate to their local situations in response to local residents' views and requests, etc. As of April 1, 2012, there were 6,240 police boxes (Koban) and 6,714 residential police boxes in Japan.

Section 3: Policies to Protect Safe and Secure Living Conditions

## 1 Measures for Child Safety and Policies to Protect Women

## (1) Policies to Protect Children from Crime

In order to prevent incidents in which children are the victims and to ensure that children feel safe when travelling to and from school, police are reinforcing patrols prioritizing routes to and from school during the school commute hours, and, in addition to conventional case clearance and crime prevention activities, police are aggressively implementing pre-emptive and preventive activities through the establishment of “Juvenile and Women Aegis Teams” (JWAT) in police headquarters nationwide. These teams focus specifically on the identification of potential perpetrators of sexual crimes during what is considered to be the preliminary stages of such crimes, such as accosting and stalking, etc. and engage in pre-emptive and preventive activities that involve measures such as arrests and the issuance of guidance warnings, etc.

## (2) Measures against Stalking and Spousal Violence

In accordance with the Anti-Stalking Act, the police are providing support, etc. through administrative measures such as the issuance of warnings and restraining orders, etc. in line with the wishes of the victims, in order to prevent the escalation of harm, and are striving to place stalkers under arrest in accordance with the Anti-Stalking Act and other laws. In addition, in relation to incidents cases of spousal violence, investigations are initiated in line with the wishes of the victims, and police will take measures such as the issuance of guidance warnings, etc. even in instances where it would prove difficult to build a criminal case against the perpetrator. However, due to factors such as insufficient awareness of the dangers, there have been cases where the police response has been inadequate, and police are working to fully re-address issues regarding the promptness and accuracy of their responses.

## 2 Improving and Enhancing Police Safety Consultations

In order to allow police to respond smoothly to citizens seeking counsel, general police consultation offices have been set up in prefectural police headquarters and police safety consultation contact desks have been set up in police stations. As well as police personnel, these offices and contact desks are manned by highly experienced ex-police officers, etc. who have been engaged as part-time police safety counsellors, to maintain the consultation system.
(2) Cooperation with Related Agencies and Organizations, etc.

In order to conduct accurate responses in accordance with the problem status of individual youths, police are coordinating with schools and other related agencies and organizations by organizing youth support teams, operating school-police communication systems, dispatching school-supporters, etc. and are also pressing ahead

with a variety of activities in cooperation with juvenile police volunteers such as youth guidance officials aimed at sound youth development. In addition, in order to ensure that the appropriate protective measures are implemented for the sound development of the youth, police are striving to conduct rigorous and accurate investigations and research in relation to juvenile cases in view of the characteristics of the youth.
## Section 1: Measures against Organized Crime Groups (Boryokudan)

## 1 Boryokudan

In recent years, in addition to traditional funding activities, intercession in civil disputes and violence targeting government administrations, Boryokudan have crept into a variety of business activities involving the construction, finance and industrial waste disposal industries, and have also engaged in securities trading while concealing their organizations. By hiding behind this business activity and exploiting collaborators, Boryokudan are increasing their funding activities within the general public.

in 2006, in which eight persons were either killed or injured. While keeping in mind Boryokudan funding activity trends that follow changes in social conditions, police are engaged in thorough enforcement against Boryokudan crime, effective operation of the Act on Prevention of Unjust Conducts by Organized Crime Group Members (Anti-Boryokudan Act) and are tenaciously pressing ahead with Boryokudan elimination activities.

## Column: Measures against Yamaguchi-gumi/Kodokai

In terms of measures against organized crime, weakening the Yamaguchi-gumi, which is in a state of over-centralized power, is an urgent task,

Note: Percentage of the Big 3 = Total membership of the Big 3 + Total membership x 100

## 2 Enforcement against Boryokudan Crime

The total number of Boryokudan members, etc. arrested during 2011 was 26,269, an increase over the previous year. Of the total number of arrests, arrests related to violations of the Stimulants Control Act, extortion, gambling and trading-against, etc. remained at around 30%, and although these can be considered effective funding sources, as recent years have seen an increasing trend in the number of arrests for theft and fraud, this is indicative of the changing status of Boryokudan funding activities.

In addition, although there were no new rival conflict incidents between Boryokudan during 2011, 13 unlawful acts were committed in relation to the exacerbation of a rival conflict between the Dojinkai and the Kyushu Seidokai, which began and in order to achieve this, it is essential to weaken the Kodokai, which supports the aggrandizement of the Yamaguchi-gumi. The police are applying the full force of their organization to enforcement and other activities against the Yamaguchi-gumi/Kodokai and their sub-ordinate organizations. During 2011, 17 directly-affiliated gang bosses of Yamaguchi-gumi, 19 directly-affiliated gang bosses of Kodokai, and 42 senior members of organizations directly-affiliated to Kodokai were arrested.
## Column: Partial Draft Amendments to the Anti-Boryokudan Act

Recent years have seen a continuation of the turf war between the Dojinkai and the Kyushu Seidokai in Kyushu, and there have been successive incidents involving attacks on business operators who have attempted to sever ties with Boryokudan, and this has become a serious threat to the lives of citizens. Consequently, in the 180 $ ^{th} $ Session of the National Diet in February 2012, a bill for partial amendments to the Anti-Boryokudan Act which included the following was submitted.

① Strengthening regulations to prevent attack against citizens

② Introduction of a system that allows authorized Prefectural Centers to file a lawsuit on behalf of residents demanding injunctions against the use of Boryokudan offices

③ Expansion of regulations against unreasonable demands by designated Boryokudan members
## 3 Promoting Boryokudan Elimination Activities

By October 2011, Boryokudan elimination ordinances came into force across all prefectures, and, as an application of these ordinances, police have since been promoting joint efforts by the community to eliminate Boryokudan. Specifically, in order to cut off Boryokudan funding sources, police are coordinating with related agencies to promote Boryokudan elimination activities in a variety of industries such as money lending businesses, construction businesses, etc. Police are also supporting Boryokudan office removal campaigns by local residents, etc. providing support for actions for damages in relation to Boryokudan crime and actions for the removal of offices, etc. in close collaboration with Centers for the Elimination of Boryokudan and bar associations.

## Section 2: Anti-Drug and Anti-Firearm Measures 1 Drug Situation

The number of arrests for drug offenses during 2011 was 13,768, a slight decrease from the previous year, and the number of arrests for stimulant offenses was also slightly lower. However, the number of cleared cases related to stimulant smuggling offenses was higher than that of the previous year, recording the highest number since the beginning of the Heisei period (1989), indicating that the drug situation remains severe. In addition, the number cleared cases involving online drug trafficking was 31 cases, an increase of 12 cases over the previous year. Police are pressing ahead with efforts to deal with drug smuggling offenses and to eradicate drug trafficking offenses that exploit cyberspace, etc.

Number of Arrests for Drug Offenses (2011)

## 2 Firearm Situation

The firearm situation during 2011 was that there was a succession of incidents involving the discharge of firearms by Boryokudan members, etc. targeting members of the general public and private businesses. There were also 180 incidents involving firearms use. Police are promoting comprehensive firearms measures, undertaking enforcement with an emphasis on seizing the arsenals of organized crime groups and exposing smuggling and trafficking cases, etc.

Trend in the number of cleared cases related to online drug trafficking offenses (2007 - 2011)

Section 3: Measures against Crimes by Visiting Foreigners

The total number of cleared cases of crime committed by visiting foreigners during 2011 was 17,272, and the number of arrests was 10,048. Both figures show a decrease from the previous year. However, the worldwide infiltration of crime organizations, multinational membership of organized crime groups and the cross-border criminal activities indicate globalization of crime. Crimes committed by visiting foreigners remain quite a challenge for police.

In February 2010, police formulated the Strategic Plan to Fight the Globalization of Crimes, and have been making concerted efforts with other law enforcement forces in and outside of Japan in order to better tackle globalization of crime.
Trend in Cleared Cases of Crime by Visiting Foreigners (1982 - 2011)

## Section 4: Measures against Criminal Proceeds

In order to weaken criminal organizations such as Boryokudan and force them to be annihilated, it is important to prevent the transfer of criminal proceeds and to ensure that these groups are stripped of their criminal proceeds.

Police are pressing ahead with measures against criminal proceeds through the receipt and provision of suspicious transaction reports in accordance with the Act on Prevention of Transfer of Criminal Proceeds, and arrests in relation to money laundering offenses as stipulated in the Act on Punishment of Organized Crimes and Control of Crime Proceeds, etc. The Act on Prevention of Transfer of Criminal Proceeds was amended in April 2011. The amendment added items for confirmation at the time of transaction and call forwarding service providers to Specified Business Operators, and strengthened penalties for illicit transfer of savings passbooks, etc.

Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Annual reports received	158,041	235,260	272,325	294,305	337,341
Annual reports provided	98,629	146,330	189,749	208,650	234,836

Note1: “ Annual reports received” refers to reports accepted by the Financial Services Agency from January 2007 through March 2007 and reports accepted by the National Public Safety Commission and the NPA from April 2007 onwards. The figure given for 2007 is the total number of reports accepted by the FSA and the NPSC/NPA.

Note2: “ Annual reports provided” refers to reports provided by the FSA to the NPA from January 2007 through March 2007 and reports provided by National Public Safety Commission and the NPA to investigative agencies, etc. from Trend in Suspicious Transaction Reports the total number of reports provided by the FSA and the NPSC/NPA.

Trend in Cleared Money Laundering Cases (2007 - 2011)

Classification Year	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Organized Crime Punishment Act (Cases)	177 (60)	173 (63)	226 (90)	205 (90)	243 (81)
Management control of corporations, etc. (Article 9)	0	1 (1)	0	1 (0)	1 (0)
Concealment of criminal proceeds (Article 10)	137 (35)	134 (41)	172 (49)	139 (46)	150 (43)
Receipt of criminal proceeds (Article 11)	40 (25)	38 (21)	54 (41)	65 (44)	92 (38)
Act on Special Provisions for Narcotics (Cases)	7 (5)	12 (5)	10 (4)	9 (5)	8 (3)
Concealment of drug crime proceeds (Article 6)	5 (4)	10 (4)	5 (1)	8 (4)	8 (3)
Receipt of drug crime proceeds (Article 7)	2 (1)	2 (1)	5 (3)	1 (1)	0

Note: Numbers in parenthesis indicated offenses by Boryokudan members, etc. (as known by the NPA).
## 3 : Public Safety and Related Measures

## 1 Trends of Aum Shinikyo and Countermeasures

In December 2011, a suspect on the NPA’s most wanted list, Makoto Hirata, was arrested when he presented himself at the Marunouchi Police Station of the MPD. In addition, in June 2012, two others on the most wanted list, Naoko Kikuchi and Katsuya Takahashi, were identified and arrested in Sagamihara, Kanagawa Prefecture and Ota-ku, Tokyo respectively. To prevent the recurrence of Aum’s indiscriminate mass murder, the police are working with related agencies to reveal and investigate its illegal activities.

## 2 Trends of Extreme Leftist Groups and Countermeasures

During 2011, extreme leftist groups concealed their violent and political leanings and engaged in popular movements and labor movements such as anti-nuclear power demonstrations, etc. in an attempt to maintain and expand their organizations. The police are pressing ahead with criminal investigations related to extreme leftist groups and sweeping searches to uncover apartments and other places used as underground stronghold, as well as a variety of countermeasures such as requesting the citizens of Japan to provide a wide range of information through public relations campaigns using posters and other material.

## 3 Trends of Rightist Groups and Countermeasures

During 2011, rightist groups seized on government policies and developments such as the incursion of Chinese fishing boasts into waters around the Senkaku Islands, to relentlessly criticize the government. In addition, so-called “right leaning citizens groups” have held gatherings and demonstrations, etc. throughout the country, and there was some trouble with opposing groups. The police are striving to prevent serious incidents such as terrorist acts by rightist groups and are engaged in a thorough crackdown on illegal activities.

Section 4: Dealing with Disasters and Security Measures

## 1 Dealing with Natural Disasters

During 2011, earthquakes, tsunamis, heavy rains, typhoons, gales and storm surges resulted in 19,341 fatalities/missing persons and 6,886 injuries. Other than the Great East Japan Earthquake, wide-area wind and flood damage caused by typhoons and other disasters was also significant. In response, police mobilized units such as the riot squad and the Inter-prefectural Emergency Rescue Unit (IERU) and engaged in activities such as search and rescue and searches for missing persons, etc.

Riot police conducting searches for missing persons Hanekawa River under the jurisdiction of Tokamachi Police Station, Niigata prefecture

## 2 Patrols and Security

With due consideration to the affinity between the imperial family and the nation’s citizens, the police implement escort and security measures to ensure the safety of their persons, and to prevent crowding accidents among well-wishers lining the streets.

In addition, under the current severe security conditions, with concerns of terrorist attack and other illegal incidents, the police are pressing ahead with appropriate security measures to ensure the safety of important officials.

Security escort for President Lee Myung-bak of South Korea during his visit to Japan.