## (2) Exposing Actual Conditions

As crime infrastructures have been cast over a variety of social sectors, information is gathered and analyzed through all police activities, and then passed on to countermeasures in law-enforcement and others.

In addition, changes in social conditions can result in the emergence of new crime infrastructure, and existing systems can be misused as crime infrastructure. Consequently, the police are working on the strategic exposure of actual conditions while keeping these possibilities in mind.

Case: The President of an “Alibi Company” (32 years old) and associates sold false income tax payment certificates to a fraud group, and this group used these certificates to swindle about 56 million yen in home loan funds. In December 2009, when a city tax officer phoned this company to enquire as to whether a member of this group was working for them, in order to conceal the fact that the income tax payment certificates sold by the company were false, the company gave a false response stating that the individual did work for them although the individual actually did not. Consequently, in September 2011, the president of this company was charged with a violation of the Local Tax Act (giving a false answer) and arrested (Hokkaido).

## (3) Crime Infrastructure Offense Arrests

In order to dismantle crime infrastructure the police are pressing ahead with arrests for crime infrastructure offenses $ ^{2} $ and crime infrastructure usage offenses $ ^{3} $ in accordance with the Crime Infrastructure Countermeasures Plan.

During 2011, cases were cleared in a variety of crime infrastructure offenses such as violation of the Act on Organ Transplantation involving false child adoption, mobile phone procurement using falsified alien registration cards, and underground bank operations by Chinese and other nationals (violation of the Banking Act).

Case: Up until July 2011, a Boryokudan (organized crime group) member (50 years old) was arrested with nine others, including a doctor, on the charge of untrue entry in the original of an officially authenticated electromagnetic record and use thereof, in relation to an adoption to create a false parent-child relationship for the purpose of a live-donor kidney transplant that is in principle only approved between members of the same family. Furthermore, since a transfer of cash funds was thought to have been made as payment for providing the kidney to be used in the transplant, arrests were also made under charges of violation of the Act on Organ Transplantation (MPD).

## (4) Creating Environments that Discourage Crime Infrastructure

In order to prevent various systems and services, etc. from being exploited as crime infrastructure, and to resolve those that are already being exploited, police have put up posters, etc. drawing the attention of the wider public to promote understanding towards crime infrastructure countermeasures.

In addition, beginning with financial institutions and mobile phone businesses, police are promoting information sharing regarding crime infrastructure between the related agencies and organizations, etc. that have jurisdiction over or provide the various systems and services, and