Silviase/jgov_v1.4_full_ann huggingface dataset:
物品増減及び現在額総計算書 総計 (27)

総計
品目	平成20年度末現在(A)	平成21年度間減(B)	平成21年度末現在(A±B)
増(a)	減(b)	差引(a-b)	価格改定による増又は減(円)	数量(個)	価格(円)
数量(個)	価格(円)	数量(個)	価格(円)	数量(個)	価格(円)	数量(個)	価格(円)
1 電気機器	19,407	70,930,485,008	2,028	12,369,980,193	3,554	13,713,715,977	△	1,526	△	1,343,735,784	104,871,325	17,881	69,691,620,549
2 通信機器	111,407	626,799,114,105	17,746	148,701,004,692	15,978	78,054,291,118	1,768	70,646,713,574	△	116,716,049	113,175	697,329,111,630
3 工作機器	749	1,783,528,514	37	113,203,340	43	81,073,857	△	6	32,129,483	0	743	1,815,657,997
4 木工機器	1,389	3,655,543,856	41	178,836,353	67	172,027,964	△	26	6,808,389	0	1,363	3,662,352,245
5 土木機器	6,043	120,193,729,442	815	30,315,893,935	872	30,561,352,138	△	57	△	245,458,203	209,638,130	5,986	120,157,909,369
6 試験及び測定機器	70,598	415,178,166,548	10,302	60,247,470,993	6,495	30,072,387,577	3,807	30,175,083,416	34,691,810	74,405	445,387,941,774
7 荷役運搬機器	1,164	3,426,196,578	125	251,128,317	218	1,082,559,964	△	93	△	831,431,647	120,750	1,071	2,594,885,681
8 産業機器	12,837	30,046,020,757	1,141	2,087,654,288	1,440	2,723,799,975	△	299	△	636,145,687	△	648,250,231	12,538	28,761,624,839
9 船舶用機器	936	16,063,670,613	384	16,785,795,232	443	20,709,699,382	△	59	△	3,923,904,150	6,117,000	877	12,145,883,463
10 車両及び軌条	137,613	652,165,656,288	35,361	181,818,482,966	23,703	128,348,839,805	11,658	53,469,643,161	32,966,650	149,271	705,668,266,099
11 医療機器	18,144	101,157,225,927	2,468	19,256,566,994	3,177	18,972,343,197	△	709	284,223,797	△	662,536,650	17,435	100,778,913,074
12 特殊用途機器	30,588	89,029,507,046	4,926	16,731,585,203	2,670	9,741,619,073	2,256	6,989,966,130	△	10,285,463	32,844	96,009,187,713
13 雑機器	89,319	291,966,932,603	13,967	57,430,183,501	21,184	61,943,104,703	△	7,217	△	4,512,921,202	△	1,278,258,705	82,102	286,175,752,696
14 防衛用武器	38,764	3,302,505,430,181	9,516	1,462,957,454,096	9,493	1,300,389,411,120	23	162,568,042,976	0	38,787	3,465,073,473,157
15 防衛用施設機器	6,721	170,446,607,613	1,181	26,244,599,959	761	19,635,741,497	420	6,608,858,462	0	7,141	177,055,466,075
16 防衛用電気通信機器	99,721	2,772,249,923,754	34,315	1,139,590,376,749	32,568	1,048,804,753,383	1,747	90,785,623,366	185,574,145	101,468	2,863,221,121,265
17 防衛用航空機用機器	33,185	1,011,230,469,509	20,291	1,307,332,376,511	19,752	1,266,497,718,252	539	40,834,658,259	0	33,724	1,052,065,127,768
18 防衛用船舶用機器	1,573	120,514,105,900	740	120,472,631,324	738	108,891,704,923	2	11,580,926,401	0	1,575	132,095,032,301
19 防衛用衛生器材	2,663	39,670,612,907	194	2,280,373,082	237	3,255,867,759	△	43	△	975,494,677	0	2,620	38,695,118,230
20 防衛用一般機器	35,638	1,249,041,098,344	10,156	305,676,879,830	9,429	283,813,688,525	727	21,863,191,305	110,062,600	36,365	1,271,014,352,249
計	718,459	11,088,054,025,493	165,734	4,910,842,477,558	152,822	4,427,465,700,189	12,912	483,376,777,369	△	2,032,004,688	731,371	11,569,398,798,174
# “2012 White Paper Information and Communications in Japan”

July, 2012

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

Unofficial translation
## 2012 White Paper on Information and Communications in Japan (general overview)

## Overview of White Paper on Information and Communications in Japan

## Part 1 Special Theme: ICT-induced and accelerated Disaster Recovery and Japan’s Re-birth

The Great East Japan Earthquake has exerted a large impact on the society and economy of Japan. Now, while Japan is facing various challenges such as population decline and population ageing, the following activities are required for Japan’s re-birth. Taking them into consideration, Part 1 gives a wide view of the methods and scenarios for the ICT to contribute to disaster recovery and Japan’s re-birth.

Chapter 1: ICT — Keystone of Economic Growth Strategy, and Its Expansion into the Global Market

Chapter 1 analyzes how the ICT as an economic growth engine as well as a GPT (General Purpose Technology) could contribute to the Japan’s re-birth.

Chapter 2: Transformation of ICT Industries and Society, Induced and Accelerated by the “Smart Revolution”

Chapter 2 presents analysis and a wide view concerning the transformation of ICT industries, service structures, and users’ trends induced by the now fully available ubiquitous network environment and the emergence of the smartphone.

## Chapter 3: Lessons of the Great Earthquake and the Role of ICT

Chapter 3, through the analysis of information behavior during and after the Great East Japan Earthquake, presents a wide view on the role of ICT for the construction of a disaster-resistant country.

## Part 2 Update on ICT and Policy Outlook

## Chapter 4: Current State of ICT

Chapter 4 presents the latest data that shows the current state of information and communications in Japan, based on statistics on the approval-issuance activities and the business activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications in FY 2011.

## Chapter 5: Outlook for Information and Communications Policies

Chapter 5 describes the latest policy trends related to the information and communication field in FY 2011, focusing on the activities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.
Information and Communication in Japan, 2012

Major Datasets

Unofficial translation
## CHAPTER 1: ICT — KEYSTONE OF ECONOMIC GROWTH STRATEGY, AND ITS EXPANSION INTO THE GLOBAL MARKET
## Globally Expanding Growth Potentiality of ICT (1)

ICT is expected to be used as a GPT (general Purpose Technology) — an effective tool in every field.

Even in developing countries, use of mobile phones and the Internet expands; at the present point, 80% of mobile phone users and 60% of the Internet users world-wide belong to developing countries.

Even in the countries where the literacy rate is 50 to 80%, mobile phones or the Internet are widely used; it suggests that ICT is expected as a tool for escaping from poverty.

## Methods and Scenarios of ICT’s Contribution to Growth

## Relationship between ICT-adoption Rate and Literacy Rate

● In the countries and regions with a literacy rate of 50 to 80%, use of mobile phones or communication-network begins to expand.

Gaps in Fixed-line, Mobile Phone, Internet, and GDP

## World-wide Mobile-user Population

●Expanded from 720 million in 2000 to 5.36 billion in 2010.

## World-wide Internet-user Population

●Expanded from 390 million in 2000 to 2.03 billion in 2010

Internet-user Population (millions)

●The economic gaps seem to close through mobile phones and other information terminals.
## Globally Expanding Growth Potentiality of ICT (2)

The world-wide ICT market has expanded at the annual-average growth rate of 5.2% (more than twice of Japan’s rate), especially 7.2% in Asia-Pacific Region; the potential growth power of ICT is large.

In addition, use of daily-life related ICT services such as mobile-financial services has become popular and familiar, especially in low-income countries. Countries or regions, in order to take advantage of the potential growth power of ICT, have been promoting strategic activities focusing on enhancement of broadband environments or utilization of ICT.

World-wide ICT Market

World Telecommunication Infrastructure Investment Trends by Income Group

World-wide trends in the investment by private sectors in infrastructure-projects

●ASEAN countries, as well as the advanced countries, have set-up strategic programs focusing on the enhancement of broadband infrastructure and utilization of ICT.
## Trends in the World Countries surrounding Japan (1) ICT infrastructure development and dissemination

International ICT indices show a “sluggish Japan”, ranked at around 15th or below.

Japan is losing its advantages in telecommunication infrastructures and also falling behind in availability and utilization.

## Ranking Trends in Major International ICT Indices

●International ICT indices show a “sluggish Japan”

Japan's rank	Of 6 countries (Japan, U.S., U.K., France, Germany and Russia)
13 (2010)	3
16 (2011)	4
16 (2010)	4
18 (2012)	6
18 (2012)	5
25 (2011)	6

Fixed-line Broadband Penetration Ratio, FTTH Ratio, and Personal-user Population Ratio

●Still at the highest rank in FTTH, Japan is in danger of being surpassed both in broadband and the

* Broadband here refers to a high-speed communication line with a speed of more than 256 kbps for upward, downward, or both directions (based on the definition by ITU).

## LTE-introduction Trends in the world

●Having led the world in LTE development, Japan is losing the lead rapidly.

$ ^{*} $ Countries were color-coded as of April 12, 2012

Trends in Mobile (Mobile-Internet, 3G, Mobile Phone) Penetration

●In the 3G-ratio and mobile-Internet ratio, Japan is leading the world, but running is not far ahead of

Mobile-Internet adoption ratio (%)

Mobile-Internet adoption ratio(%)
## Trends in the Countries surrounding Japan (2) ICT utilization and Market

In terms of ICT utilization, Japan is gradually falling further behind, especially in the private and public sectors, where the lag has become apparent.

On the other hand, Japan has advantages of having skilled and sophisticated domestic users and having mobile industries based on the widely-used mobile Internet.

## Utilization in Public Sector

● In terms of the Internet-based business communication between public sectors, Japan is ranked lowest among the 18 countries investigated.

United Nations "E-government Development Index Value"

●The “UN E-government Development Index” is a measure of the capability of an individual government to build policies for e-government and execute plans.

●The evaluation of Japan, with regard to the basic services, is as high as that of Korea; however, it is behind with regard to the supply of utilization services.

Japan	Korea	Description
70 (10 )	87 (1 )	Citizens actively participate in the public administration through the well-developed environment utilizing the bi-directional tools such as Web 2.0.
75 (14 )	92 (2 )	Administrative procedures such as tax-payment or driver's license re-issue are on-line available anytime.
79 (9 )	79 (9 )	One-way provision of administrative information such as budgets, laws and regulations, or policy are available. Search or data-link is also allowed.
100 (1 )	100 (1 )	Government web-sites are prepared; linkage to the ministry-sites or local government-site is prepared.

R&D Investment on ICT Manufacturing / Service

● Japan is behind in terms of the shift to ICT procurement / service

Exports of ICT hardware or services

● Japan’s export ratio is low both in hardware and in service.

## I nternet Advertisement and Internet Music-distribution

● Although leading the world in terms of the Internet marketization of Internet services such as advertising or music distribution and having kept the lead, other countries are catching up.

## Consumer Sophistication and Domestic Market-size

● Japan is ranked highest in consumer sophistication, and next to the U. S. and China in domestic market-size.
## Economic Growth Driving Force and International Expansion of ICT Industries (1)

Japan’s ICT industries have steady good performance in the software/service sector, but are sluggish in the hardware sector (particularly in exports); the industries are becoming domestically oriented.

Japan’s ICT-export-coefficient, having remained positive for many years, was negative in 2011, especially in video equipment (TVs, etc.) and communication equipment (mobile phones, etc.)

## I CT Industries’ Economic Ripple Effects

## Trade Specialization Index

●ICT industries’ trade specialization index is below zero in 2011, particularly in video and telecommunication equipment.

ICT Industries’ Domestic/External Demand

●The domestic demand for information services or telecommunication services show steady growth; on the other hand, the foreign demand, especially for hardware, is declining.

## Export / Import Trends in TVs, Mobile Phones, and PCs

● Recent imports of TVs and mobile phones have become a surplus, following the trend of PCs which has long been on a surplus trend.
## Economic Growth Driving Force and International Expansion of ICT Industries (2)

Japan’s ICT corporations are gradually sliding down in the corporate ranking measured by stock-market capitalization or sales growth rate.

While the worldwide telecom-service providers or ICT vendors are seeking growth by entering into the overseas markets, including those in developing countries, the pace of overseas market cultivation by Japanese corporations is slow.

In the current situation where Asia has become the world-workshop, U. S. ICT manufacturers have been successful by adopting business strategies based on international specialization, such as EMS, in their globalization.

## Trends in Sales TOP 100 ICT Corporations in the World

●The total sales of Japan’s ICT corporations is shrinking.

Hardware companies

Software companies

ICT service companies

Trends in Overseas Market Penetration of ICT vendors

● The overseas-market-sales ratio of Japanese ICT vendors is 20%, lower than that of U. S. corporations (48%) and European corporations (57%)

Trends in Overseas Market Penetration of Telecom-service Providers

●Telecom operators with a high sale-ratio to the GDP are seeking sales expansion through globalization.

EMS Ratio vs. World-wide Share of LCD-TVs or Mobile Phones Manufacturers

● Korean corporations have acquired a large share through domestic production, while U. S. corporations have been utilizing EMS.
## Challenges for ICT User Sector Growth (1)

In countries around the world, ICT has contributed to economic growth; the informatization factor of capital equipment provides positive impacts through the improvement of labor productivity.

The growth in the information capital and TFP (Total Factor Productivity) has contributed to the GDP growth of Japan; ICT also has strongly contributed to the TFP growth.

Factor Distribution in rete of change of Labor Productivity

●In various countries (i.e. Japan, US, UK, Germany and Australia), the informatization factor of capital equipment positively contributed to the labor-productivity growth

ICT’s Contribution through its Information-capital Growth and TFP Growth to GDP Growth

●Contribution of information capital and TFP growth to GDP growth

Hours of labor	Quality of labor	Information capital	General capital	TFP growth rate	GDP growth rate
# Challenges for ICT User Sector Growth (2)

Readiness index for informatization in japan shows great variation sector by sector; compared with other developed countries, the level of variation is similar to the situation in the U. S. in the early 90's.

The corporations that undertook corporate innovation-activities combined with ICT introduction have enjoyed larger ICT-effects; such combination is the key to realize ICT effects.

Only about 20% of corporations in Japan have CIOs; however, the corporations that do have CIOs and involve them in the corporate management have taken full advantage of ICT introduction.

Informatization-investment Progress Index $ ^{*} $

## By industry

There is a large gap between the high-level industries (e.g. transportation/telecommunication, electric machinery) and the low-level industries (e.g. agriculture/forestry/fisheries).

## By country

●Japan stays at the lowest level, the same as the level of the U.S. in the early 1990s.

* Informatization-investment Progress Index: An index which represents the degree of progress in informatization, obtained by estimating the gap in marginal productivity between general capital and information capital, and calculating and indexing the inverse of the estimate.

Relationship among Utilization of ICT, Innovation Activities and ICT-introduction Advantage

● Industries which use ICT more actively enjoy the greater advantage of the introduction of ICT and carry out corporate innovation activities more vigorously.

ICT-introduction Advantage through ICT-and Business Innovation

ICT-introduction Advantage through CIO's involvement in Management Policy

●Corporations that have CIOs and involve them in corporation management have taken full advantage of ICT introduction.
## User Recognition and Appreciation of Public ICT Service

As for ICT utilization in the public sector, the largest challenge is the improvement of residents' recognition of the value and purpose of ICT introduction — in almost all the local governments, less than half of the residents recognize the purpose.

To the question “Do you want to use ICT?”, more than half replied “No.”; it shows a significant gap with the satisfaction ratio among the respondents having actually used the services via ICT (almost 80%).

As for the questions concerning the reason for not wanting to use ICT, “Not experiencing inconvenience with the conventional system” is the most frequent reply; the respondents having no experience of receiving ICT-based services do not feel any advantage in stopping use of the conventional system and actively shifting to new services.

## Recognition Rate of Public ICT-service Names

● Services other than tax-related services are not so well recognized; they are recognized by less than 50%.

● “Not interested in using next time” is overwhelming, despite the high satisfaction.

## Usage Rate of Public ICT Services

● Services other than tax-related services are not so frequently used: they are used by less than 10%.

● “Not interested in using next time” is overwhelming, despite the high satisfaction.

## Why Not Use Services: Comparison of Local Government Responses with Residents Responses

●“Satisfied with the conventional system; no inconvenience,” is the most frequent reply, higher than anticipated by the local governments.

Telemedicine
## ●More than 70% responses are affirmative

# ICT, Driving Force of Local Economic Growth

ICT utilization is highly expected to contribute to the local community development — more than 70% of the local governments have responded affirmatively; however, they have pointed-out obstacles, such as lack of budget, few numerical data or implementation examples to prove the ICT effects, or shortage of personnel resources to promote the introduction.

Many of the local governments pointed-out the importance of strategies for managing their local community, and data — numerical proofs and cases — available for preparing and executing such strategies and plans.

Some of the front-running local governments undertake activities, such as hosting data-centers specialized to local-business services, or social-game development.

## State of the activities for ICT-based local community development

What is the most promising field in ICT-based local community development?

●Safety and Security, health-care, and local businesses are ranked high.

State of the strategy-preparation and plan-execution for the local-community management

Data-utilization in strategy-preparation and plan-execution

ICT Introduction in Data Utilization

● Many of the local government have pointed-out the importance of strategies and data — numerical proof, evidence or example-cases available for the strategy preparation and plan-execution, for the local-community management

(Reference) Cases of hosting data-centers specialized to local business-services

## Eight Severe Problems in ICT-driven Local Community Development

● Lack of useful data or shortage of human resources, as well as budgeting, are listed as problems.
## CHAPTER 2: TRANSFORMATION OF ICT INDUSTRIES AND SOCIETY, INDUCED AND ACCELERATED BY "SMART REVOLUTION"
## Schematic Diagram of “Smart Revolution”

Now fully available ubiquitous network environment, backed-up by the Internet, that has become part of the social infrastructure, combined with Big-Data utilization, is leading to the “Smart Revolution.”

Rapid Growth of the Internet Band-width

Predicted smartphone-ratio in the world-wide total sales of mobile phones;

from 26.6% in 2011 to 51.8% in 2015

Rapid Growth of Smartphones

## Growth in digital data over 10 years

## Strategic initiative in the USA

●The U. S. government released this March the Big Data Research and Development Initiatives.

●The Science and Technology Policy Bureau, preparing the initiative, joined by the 6 organizations (including the NSF), will invest more than 200 million dollars for the R&D of utilization of Big Data.

●The bureau is inviting private organizations.
## Problems emerging with the Internet's transformation as Social Infrastructure

Along with the Internet becoming part of the social infrastructure, a variety of problems, such as trends of network regulations or necessity of counter-cyber-attack measures have become apparent and more severe.

Regulations or Control of the Internet in the Emerging / Developing Countries

●In the “Arab Spring,” social media played a big role.

(%)

(Source) Results of a survey conducted in Egypt and Tunisia by the Dubai School of Government (government-affiliated think-tank)

●Emerging/developing countries are going to regulate the net or strengthen the government, as a response to the role of social media, etc. in the “Arab Spring.”

●At various international meetings, what cyber-space should be has been discussed; Japan has proactively participated multi-bilaterally in those discussions.

Cyber Attacks have become more severe (especially Targeted Attacks)

●The number of targeted attacks incidents has significantly increased; even middle/small-sized corporations are targeted.

(Source) Report by Symantec

●Note that the actual information-security-infringement damages of corporations have tended to decrease; counter-attack measures have been employed by corporations

(Source) 2011 Communications Usage Trend Survey

●Government-businesses collaboration has been strengthened since the incident of MHI last September

The Information Security Policy 2012, including targeted-attack-counter measures has been plotted-out.
## “Smartphone Economy” (1): Changing Smartphone Market

Along with the wide-adoption of mobile phones, the communication terminal market has rapidly grown and transformed its structure; as a result, telecommunications carriers have shifted their business into value-added areas.

Trends in World-wide Smartphone Sales (2009 to 2011)

●IOS / Android terminals have driven the terminal market growth; as a result, Apple and manufacturers in China, Korea, and Taiwan boosted their sale world-wide.

Trends in the Business-performance of Japan’s Major Mobile Network Operators (2009,3Q to 2011,3Q)

●KDDI and Softbank added to their value-added revenue; this contributed to the total revenue growth.

$ ^{*} $ The turnover from carrier operations includes turnover from business other than that from the telecommunications business, such as income from content distribution and charges, and income from sales of handsets.

Latest Sales and Operation-profits of Top 3 US Carriers

●Shifting their business to smartphones with high ARPU, they have gradually added to their sales; however, their operating profits in the 4Q of 2011 declined significantly.
## “Smartphone Economy” (2): Layer to Layer Analysis of ICT Internet-related Industries

Market size: In the Japanese market, the network-layer has a large share of more than 50%; in the US or world market, the terminal layer has a large share of more than 50%.

● Growth Rate: In the Japanese, US, and world market, the upper layers (contents, application, and platform show high growth rates.

## Scale & growth potential of each market (global)

## Scale & growth potential of each market (Japanese market)

## Scale & growth potential of each market (US market)
## Shares or concentration of some services/platforms have drastically changed through the terminal-shift to smartphones

● Using the results of the web-polls survey questioning how the site-usage is changed after the terminal-shift to smartphone, as for the individual services, their usage-ratio and the concentration index (HHI) of the top-3 services/platforms are obtained.

● As for Search, Music-distribution, Video-distribution, both the usage-ratio and the HHI largely increased after the shift to smartphone: it evidences the success of the ecosystem strategy.

● As for Electronic-commerce, the HHI showed no significant increase, while the usage-ratio increased.

Major changes due to the shift to smartphones

Minor change due to the shift to smartphones