underpin the process of economic growth. In this way, Japan has made a major contribution to building the foundation for economic development, particularly in the Asian region. $ ^{10} $ It must be borne in mind that, while the development of social and economic infrastructure requires adequate volumes of medium- and long-term funds, only a limited group of developing countries are able to generate these funds domestically or to attract adequate private funds from overseas.

In light of the above, Japan will provide the following forms of support.

— Japan will continue to provide assistance for the development of social and economic infrastructure in developing countries. These projects will target such sectors as transportation, communication, electric power generation, and river and irrigation facilities, and efforts will be designed to correspond to the conditions and needs of individual countries.

— In view of the importance of non-ODA funds, Japan will emphasize coordination and division of roles and responsibilities with private-sector funds and other official flows (OOF).

— Japan will utilize ODA funds to develop an environment conducive to private investment.

— Japan will cooperate in the policy aspects of infrastructure development, including the formulation, design and specification of development plans. Similarly, Japan will cooperate in the maintenance and management of facilities through both financial and technical assistance in order to maintain the benefits of assistance projects.

— In the process of project implementation, Japan will pay due attention to ensuring that project benefits reach impoverished regions and populations. Japan will also take into consideration the impact of projects on local communities and populations and on the environment.

### 3. Human Resources Development and Intellectual Support

## (I) Human Resources Development

The development of individuals is the base for the development of a country, and one of Japan’s basic aims in providing economic assistance is to support the self-help efforts of recipient countries. As such, Japan places particular emphasis on the continuing development of human resources needed for the social and economic development of developing countries. $ ^{11} $

In light of the above, Japan will provide the following forms of support.

— In order to support the self-help efforts of developing countries, Japan will promote the dispatch of experts and the acceptance of trainees.

— Japan will give due attention to support for the educational sector, including higher education, and vocational training programs.

— Japan will endeavor to promote the transfer of technologies and the development of human resources that conform to the national conditions and needs of recipient countries.

— Japan will provide assistance that directly enhances the capabilities of communities and residents through the use of the Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers and Senior Overseas Volunteers.

— Japan will actively endeavor to develop human resources projects that will have a geographically broad effect (such as third-country training). $ ^{12} $

Japan will actively promote the acceptance of foreign students from developing countries