# Chart 8. Concrete Measures Taken Under the Okinawa Infectious Diseases Initiative (IDI)

### I. HIV/AIDS COUNTERMEASURES

Japan-US Joint Project Formulation Mission to Cambodia and Tanzania

Japan and the United States dispatched joint project formulation missions to Cambodia in June 2000 and Tanzania in January 2001 to take measures against such infectious and parasitic diseases as HIV/AIDS and to improve maternal and child health care. Japan and the United States previously sent joint project formulation missions on population and HIV/AIDS to Zambia and Bangladesh under the US-Japan Common Agenda. The joint mission to Cambodia identified three priority areas for future Japan-US cooperation, namely, (I) HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, co-infection of HIV and tuberculosis, and malaria and other parasitic diseases; (2) maternal and child health and reproductive health; and (3) qualitative improvements of health systems.

### $14.36 Million for Project to Improve National Blood Transfusion Services in Sri Lanka

Japan has decided to provide up to ¥1,508 million ($14.36 million) in yen loans for a project to improve national blood transfusion services in Sri Lanka. This project contributes to the establishment of a safe and efficient blood supply system for infectious diseases control in the country. The loans will be used to construct the National Blood Transfusion Center, to furnish equipment to the center and local blood banks, and to offer such consulting services as engineering and training.

## $600,000 for Capacity Building in Cambodia to Fight HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS was first detected in Cambodia in 1991 and continues to spread rapidly. Recent UNAIDS estimates show that over 220,000 people in the country are now infected with HIV/AIDS. Infection exacerbates poverty, creating conditions for an even bigger epidemic. Japan has decided to provide $600,000 in technical cooperation to Cambodia through the Asian Development Bank and the Japan Special Fund to build capacity and improve the effectiveness of the Cambodian government's response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Specific components of the cooperation are strengthening multisectoral and local responses to the epidemic and analysis of surveillance data to identify risk factors and trends and patterns in transmission.

### 2. TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL

### $5.45 Million for a Southern Yemen TB Control Program

In Yemen, there are about 12,000 registered tuberculosis patients and about 5,000 people are newly infected with tuberculosis every year. Japan has extended various forms of grant aid totaling approximately ¥2.5 billion and project-type technical cooperation to support Yemen's national tuberculosis control programs, and it recently decided to provide grant aid of up to ¥564 million ($5.37 million) to expand tuberculosis control in southern Yemen. This assistance will be used to construct a tuberculosis control center in Aden for training and for diagnostic and research activities.

Japan also provided $76,000 in grant assistance for a grassroots project to repair the tuberculosis ward of Aden Hospital.

### 3. MALARIA AND PARASITIC DISEASES CONTROL

## Workshop on Global Parasite Control Administration

Japan held the third Workshop on Global Parasite Control Administration in November 2000, inviting participants from seven Asian and six African countries. Japan, as a country that has successfully brought parasitic diseases under control, will set up centers in Thailand, Kenya, and Ghana for training and research activities,