Siar-Akbayin/sat-history-multiple-choice huggingface dataset:
Question: The most important impetus behind the emergence of the modern Civil Rights Movement was
(A) the founding of the NAACP.
(B) lynchings.
(C) the March on Washington.
(D) the experience of African Americans in World War II.
(E) the Freedom Rides.
Answer: D
Question: In his farewell address, President Dwight D. Eisenhower
(A) urged future administrations to avoid entanglements with European powers.
(B) predicted that environmental issues would become more important in the nation’s future.
(C) castigated Joseph McCarthy for his excessive zeal.
(D) advocated that the government wage a war on illicit drugs.
(E) warned the nation of the power of the military-industrial complex.
Answer: E
Question: The French and Indian War, which ended in 1763, greatly affected the American colonists because it
(A) removed the French threat against the colonists.
(B) resulted in the expansion of the colonies east of the Appalachian Mountains.
(C) marked the beginning of the British policy of salutary neglect in the colonies.
(D) removed the Indian threat from the frontier settlements.
(E) marked the end of mercantilism.
Answer: A
Question: Tensions between England and the United States grew between 1790 and 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the
(A) impressment of U.S. seamen into British service.
(B) British incitement to violence of the Indian population on the frontier.
(C) British military occupation in the Ohio Valley.
(D) XYZ Affair.
(E) Americans’ continued holding of Loyalists’ lands.
Answer: E
Question: The most important result of the development of interchangeable parts in the early 19th century was that it allowed
(A) printers to make newspapers more easily.
(B) farmers to harvest crops more easily.
(C) manufacturers to make their assembly lines more efficient.
(D) children to have safer toys.
(E) coopers to cut staves in their barrels more precisely.
Answer: C
Question: The Compromise of 1850 included all of the following EXCEPT
(A) a strengthened Fugitive Slave Law.
(B) permission to continue slavery but not slave auctions in Washington, D.C.
(C) resolution of the Texas-New Mexico border dispute.
(D) postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the California territory.
(E) postponing a decision on the question of slavery in the Utah territory.
Answer: B
Question: An important result of the impeachment crisis of 1868 was that
(A) President Andrew Johnson was removed from office.
(B) power shifted in the government from President Andrew Johnson to Congress.
(C) President Andrew Johnson was able to defeat the Radicals’ plan for Reconstruction.
(D) impeachment proceedings motivated by political differences became common in subsequent years.
(E) impeachment rules were rewritten to preclude another politically motivated impeachment.
Answer: B
Question: To remedy problems American farmers faced in the last quarter of the 19th century, the Populist Party advocated a policy of
(A) increasing the amount of currency in circulation.
(B) raising interest rates on bank loans.
(C) raising tariffs to keep foreign agricultural products out of the United States.
(D) helping farmers resettle in urban areas.
(E) curbing inflation.
Answer: A
Question: The reasons for the United States’s entry into World War I included the goal of
(A) destroying Germany and its people.
(B) organizing a “Great Parade” for freedom.
(C) protecting U.S. interests in the Far East.
(D) protecting freedom of the seas.
(E) retaliating for the attack on the United States by Japan.
Answer: D
Question: After World War II, NATO was formed primarily to
(A) assist emerging nations in Asia.
(B) stop the spread of Communism in Europe.
(C) promote democratic reforms in Latin America.
(D) provide economic aid to war-torn nations in Europe.
(E) halt the growth of fascism in southern Africa.
Answer: B
Question: The 1954, Vietnam peace negotiations in Geneva provided for all of the following EXCEPT
(A) elections in 1956.
(B) the elimination of a French presence in Vietnam.
(C) a U.S. role in the future of Vietnam.
(D) the temporary division of Vietnam into North and South.
(E) political power for the Communist Party in Vietnam.
Answer: C
Question: In the “smoking gun” tape, Richard Nixon discussed the possibility of asking the Central Intelligence Agency to stop the Federal Bureau of Investigation from investigating Watergate matters. In the language of the Articles of Impeachment against Nixon, this charge became
(A) breaking and entering.
(B) taping people without their knowledge.
(C) firing the special prosecutor.
(D) obstruction of justice.
(E) lying to the American people.
Answer: D
Question: According to John Adams, “The Revolution was effected before the war commenced.” By this he meant
(A) taxation without representation was the real issue that led to the Revolutionary War in 1776.
(B) the colonists in America had developed a unique character, independent of Great Britain, before the actual revolution took place.
(C) the American colonists had reached a point in their development in which a separation from England was necessary.
(D) the American Revolution was the result of the American policy of salutary neglect.
(E) the Battle of Lexington and Concord had taken place before the signing of the Declaration of Independence.
Answer: B
Question: The “Era of Good Feeling” can best be characterized as years of
(A) active participation by the United States in world affairs.
(B) economic growth within the United States.
(C) lower tariffs on imported goods.
(D) harmony over the issue of slavery.
(E) political control of the government by the Federalist Party.
Answer: B
Question: The accusation of a “corrupt bargain” in the election of 1824 was significant because
(A) it marked the beginning of the spoils system in the administration of Andrew Jackson.
(B) it was a cross-party agreement between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.
(C) it led to the overwhelming election of Andrew Jackson in 1828.
(D) John Quincy Adams had a majority of the popular vote but not a majority of the electoral vote.
(E) it led to the political demise of Henry Clay.
Answer: C
Question: “I stood alone on that wild prairie. Looking westward I saw my husband driving slowly over the plain[.] [T]urning my face once more to the east, my dear sister’s footsteps were fast widening the distance between us. For the time I knew not which way to go, nor whom to follow. But in a few moments I rallied my forces ... and soon overtook the slowly moving men who were bearing my husband and child over the prairie.” Which of the following statements is NOT true of the above excerpt from the diary of a woman beginning her journey to the West?
(A) It reflects the pioneer spirit.
(B) It describes a conflict between a husband and wife about going west.
(C) It shows how irrationally indecisive some people were.
(D) It describes the fear of going into the unknown.
(E) It shows that the wife ultimately chose her husband and child over her sister.
Answer: C
Question: The effect of Jim Crow laws, passed by Southern states after the Reconstruction period, was
(A) stricter voting requirements for African Americans.
(B) the loss of citizenship for many African Americans.
(C) separate economies—one run by and for whites and one run by and for African Americans.
(D) a shift in African American loyalties from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.
(E) racial segregation in public facilities.
Answer: E
Question: Why did the Ghost Dance movement thrive among Native Americans in the 1880s?
(A) Many Native Americans believed that it would protect them in conflicts with whites.
(B) It became a popular tourist attraction.
(C) Many Native Americans believed it would end a severe drought.
(D) It was a way for a younger generation of Native Americans to resist the authority of their elders.
(E) Native American culture was finally given respect and recognition in mainstream American culture.
Answer: A
Question: Senator Henry Teller agreed to vote for a declaration of war against Spain in 1898 only on the condition that
(A) Cuba would be granted its independence if the United States defeated Spain.
(B) the United States would give up all claims to overseas possessions.
(C) all of Spain’s possessions would become U.S. possessions if the United States won the war.
(D) President McKinley would initiate a progressive domestic agenda.
(E) racially integrated units would be used in the war.
Answer: A
Question: Henry Ford’s financial success can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT
(A) using an assembly line to produce an automobile every 93 minutes.
(B) reducing the price of a Model T from $850 to $300.
(C) attracting workers to his work force by paying them $5 per day.
(D) retaining skilled European craftsmen and mechanics at his factories to ensure quality.
(E) creating efficient work processes, based on the ideas of Frederick Winslow Taylor.
Answer: D
Question: All of the following increased participation in the political process in the 20th century EXCEPT the
(A) 19th Amendment, giving women the right to vote.
(B) 17th Amendment, providing for the direct election of U.S. senators.
(C) 14th Amendment, granting civil rights to freedmen and women.
(D) Voting Rights Act of 1965.
(E) passage of state referendum acts.
Answer: C
Question: Which of the following organizations advocated carrying guns for self-defense?
(A) Students for a Democratic Society
(B) Congress of Racial Equality
(C) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(D) Black Panther Party
(E) Vietnam Day Committee
Answer: D
Question: Samuel Adams and Patrick Henry objected to the proposed Constitution in 1787 because they felt that the Constitution would
(A) undermine the principles for which the Revolutionary War was fought.
(B) create too much democracy.
(C) support slavery.
(D) support states’ rights.
(E) create a weak executive.
Answer: A
Question: Which of the above statement(s) would John C. Calhoun have supported?
(A) I
(B) II
(C) III
(D) I and III
(E) II and III
Answer: B
Question: Which of the following provisions would NOT be found in the various Black Codes passed after the Civil War?
(A) A ban on African Americans carrying weapons
(B) A prohibition on interracial marriages
(C) A requirement that African Americans serve in the state National Guard units for two years
(D) A requirement that African Americans attain a permit if they wished to travel
(E) A ban on African Americans serving on juries
Answer: C
Question: The federal government helped with the building of the transcontinental railroad by
(A) providing the railroad companies with free iron and steel.
(B) organizing a publicly owned railroad company.
(C) raising the tariff to fund the project.
(D) providing the railroad companies with land grants.
(E) setting up the Interstate Commerce Commission to oversee the project.
Answer: D
Question: The Treaty of Paris, which concluded the Spanish-American War in 1898, contained all of the following provisions EXCEPT that
(A) Spain cede Puerto Rico to the United States.
(B) Spain cede the Hawaiian Islands to the United States.
(C) the United States agree to pay $20 million to Spain for the Philippines.
(D) Guam become a U.S. territory.
(E) Cuba be granted its independence.
Answer: B
Question: Which of the following was a reason the Democratic Party failed to win the presidency in the 1920s?
(A) Its opposition to Jim Crow laws alienated Southern voters.
(B) Internal splits existed between urban moderates and rural conservatives.
(C) It had opposed U.S. involvement in World War I.
(D) Voters saw the party as responsible for the Great Depression.
(E) Voters perceived that the party was overly friendly to big business.
Answer: B
Question: Herbert Hoover’s idea of “rugged individualism” suggested that
(A) people were able to survive hard times through their inner strength and resources.
(B) the government should give direct aid to the people in hard times.
(C) all of the basic needs of the people are the sole responsibility of the government.
(D) difficult times called for exceptional individuals to exercise power.
(E) the government and the people are partners who must share equal responsibility for the well-being of the populace.
Answer: A
Question: The U.S. government allocated massive sums of money to math and science the 1950s in response to which of the following?
(A) The Soviet Union landing men on the moon
(B) Fidel Castro coming to power in Cuba
(C) The Soviet Union developing the world’s first hydrogen bomb
(D) The Soviet satellite Sputnik successfully orbiting the earth
(E) The United States failing to produce a Nobel Prize winner in science
Answer: D
Question: Which chief justice of the Supreme Court was said to be the leader of a very activist court?
(A) William Rehnquist
(B) Earl Warren
(C) Felix Frankfurter
(D) Roger Taney
(E) Warren Burger
Answer: B
Question: The New Right of the 1990s could best be described as
(A) a group of conservative Democrats who sought to move their party away from its liberal agenda.
(B) a liberal reaction to the conservative direction of the Democratic Party.
(C) popular support for President Clinton’s welfare reform policies.
(D) an ultraconservative group within the Republican Party that gained control of Congress in 1994.
(E) a group of Richard Nixon Republicans who opposed the impeachment of President Clinton.
Answer: D
Question: Which of the following events occurred LAST?
(A) Establishment of St. Augustine
(B) Establishment of Jamestown
(C) Establishment of Quebec
(D) Signing of the Treaty of Tordesillas
(E) Discovery of America by Columbus
Answer: C
Question: The most compelling reason for European exploration in the 1400s was the
(A) desire to Christianize new lands.
(B) increased need for labor.
(C) need for new lands to support growing populations.
(D) desire for an all-water route to the East.
(E) desire for religious freedom.
Answer: D
Question: The exploration of the New World
(A) led to the rise of capitalism.
(B) provided the raw materials needed for the New World to further its development.
(C) provided markets for goods produced in the Americas.
(D) allowed for excess African population to be sent to the New World.
(E) ended the economic system known as mercantilism.
Answer: A
Question: The first permanent European settlement in the territory that would become the United States was
(A) Plymouth.
(B) Jamestown.
(C) St. Augustine.
(D) Santa Fe.
(E) New Amsterdam.
Answer: C
Question: The settlements of Jamestown and Plymouth differed in that
(A) Jamestown was settled by Pilgrims, while Plymouth was settled by Puritans.
(B) the settlers of Jamestown were married with families, while the settlers of Plymouth were mostly single males.
(C) the settlers of Jamestown were largely single men seeking gold and adventure, while the settlers of Plymouth were mostly family units seeking religious freedom.
(D) Jamestown was a royal colony, while Plymouth was settled by individuals without any connection to the crown.
(E) Jamestown enjoyed good relations with the Native Americans, while Plymouth colony was under constant attack from the Native Americans.
Answer: C
Question: Which person is correctly associated with a colony?
(A) John Smith—Plymouth Colony
(B) James Olgethorpe—Georgia
(C) John Rolfe—Carolina
(D) Lord Baltimore—North Carolina
(E) Jonathan Winthrop—Connecticut
Answer: B
Question: The headright system
(A) was an example of the Barbados Slave Codes.
(B) referred to the number of people aboard a ship traveling from England to the New World.
(C) was a form of slavery.
(D) helped to populate the colonies of Virginia and Maryland.
(E) increased the number of slaves imported to the New World.
Answer: D
Question: The major crops grown in the Southern colonies
(A) were used within the colonies.
(B) were sold as exports.
(C) depended on small farmers as the major producers.
(D) made the Southern colonies the “bread basket” of the English colonies.
(E) increased the number of indentured servants necessary to produce these crops.
Answer: B
Question: The social structure that emerged in the colonies by 1750 differed from the social structure in Europe in that the colonial social structure
(A) lacked an aristocratic class.
(B) allowed for greater social mobility than in Europe.
(C) included the Native Americans.
(D) placed the clergy in the middle class.
(E) did not include indentured servants.
Answer: B
Question: One of the significant effects of the Great Awakening was that it
(A) was a religious revival carried to the colonies from Europe.
(B) led to less competition among churches for worshippers.
(C) led to the founding of Harvard and Princeton.
(D) lessened the influence of the clergy in the colonies.
(E) was led by the American theologian, George Whitefield.
Answer: D
Question: The Middle Passage referred to the
(A) crossing of the Atlantic by the Pilgrims.
(B) conversion of people to the “elect” of the Puritan faith.
(C) journey of African slaves from West Africa to the New World.
(D) journey to heaven after death.
(E) transporting of rum across the Atlantic Ocean to Africa as part of Triangular Trade.
Answer: C
Question: The trade in slaves, rum, and molasses that took place during the 1700s among the colonies, Africa, and England was called
(A) the Commercial Revolution.
(B) mercantilism.
(C) rum running.
(D) barter.
(E) Triangular Trade.
Answer: E
Question: The British government countered the colonists’ argument that they were not represented in Parliament and, therefore, could not be taxed by Britain, with the idea of
(A) actual representation.
(B) virtual representation.
(C) divine right rule.
(D) mercantilism.
(E) a classed society.
Answer: B
Question: The French and Indian War, which ended in 1763, was significant because it
(A) removed the Native American threat from the colonies.
(B) severely drained the British treasury.
(C) opened up new lands west of the Mississippi River.
(D) gave Florida to France.
(E) signaled a shift in the British policy of salutary neglect to one of British involvement in the affairs of the colonies.
Answer: E
Question: The Intolerable Acts passed in 1774
(A) affected all the colonies in British North America.
(B) affected only the city of Boston.
(C) resulted in the suspension of the charter of Massachusetts.
(D) led to Shays’s Rebellion.
(E) were a direct result of the Townshend Acts.
Answer: C
Question: Thomas Paine’s pamphlet, Common Sense, was significant because it
(A) outlined the reasons for the ratification of the Constitution.
(B) outlined the reasons colonial independence from Great Britain was a logical step for the colonies to take.
(C) was rejected by the colonists as a piece of propaganda.
(D) stated a belief in democracy.
(E) was written by a high-ranking British official who supported colonial independence.
Answer: B
Question: One of the challenges facing the delegates to the Constitution Convention in 1787 was
(A) where the seat of government was to be located.
(B) the role of the cabinet in the executive branch of government.
(C) the fear of military rule to control the mobs.
(D) the need to balance governmental powers and states’ rights.
(E) the need to crush Shays’s Rebellion and other similar protests that had been occurring at the time.
Answer: D
Question: One of the most notable achievements of the Articles of Confederation was its
(A) ability to enforce the laws of the land.
(B) legislation concerning the settlement of the territories acquired from Great Britain at the end of the Revolutionary War.
(C) ability to deal with foreign and domestic commerce.
(D) the establishment of a system of checks and balances.
(E) the flexibility it built into the government by the simple amending process that it established.
Answer: E
Question: To convince the states to ratify the Constitution, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) John Jay wrote the Bill of Rights. the Northwest Ordinance. The Federalist Papers. the pamphlet Common Sense. the Great Compromise.
C
Question: Which statement best characterizes the attitude of the delegates to the Constitutional Convention toward the issue of slavery?
(A) The delegates were indifferent to the issue of slavery.
(B) The delegates recognized the need for the expansion of slavery as the nation grew.
(C) The delegates treated slavery as a political issue because it threatened the unity of the nation.
(D) There was a deep concern among the delegates for the plight of the African slave.
(E) The Southern states viewed their role with regard to the slaves as a paternalistic one.
Answer: C
Question: Washington’s administration was significant because it
(A) dealt successfully with the problems between England and France.
(B) dealt effectively with political parties.
(C) was the first administration and, thus, set precedents for future administrations.
(D) supported the British after the French declared war on Great Britain in 1793.
(E) established a strong political base for the Democratic-Republicans.
Answer: C
Question: All of the following were part of Hamilton’s financial program EXCEPT
(A) the establishment of the capital of the United States in Washington, D.C.
(B) the funding of the domestic and foreign debt of the United States.
(C) the assumption of state debt.
(D) the levying of excise taxes and tariffs.
(E) the establishment of the Bank of the United States.
Answer: A
Question: In his “Farewell Address,” delivered in 1796, George Washington counseled the United States to
(A) choose sides carefully in the conflict between England and France.
(B) build a strong Navy.
(C) remain neutral when it came to conflict in Europe.
(D) support England in the conflict with France.
(E) support John Adams and his incoming administration.
Answer: C
Question: Thomas Jefferson’s objection to the Bank of the United States centered around his belief in
(A) loose construction of the Constitution.
(B) implied powers.
(C) the idea that the Bank favored the wealthy Southern planters.
(D) nullification of federal laws by the states.
(E) strict construction of the Constitution.
Answer: E
Question: The election of 1800 has often been termed the “Revolution of 1800.” This refers to the
(A) marked the first election of a non-Virginian to the presidency since the establishment of the Constitution.
(B) was a peaceful transition of the control of the presidency from a Federalist to a Democratic-Republican.
(C) changed the process of electing the president.
(D) resulted in the election of the first non-Christian to the presidency.
(E) was the first election in which the western section of the country was very influential.
Answer: B
Question: The Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) was significant because it
(A) gave more power to the Republicans.
(B) established the right of the federal government to control interstate commerce.
(C) supported the doctrine of states’ rights.
(D) gave the states the power to control interstate commerce.
(E) established the court’s power of judicial review.
Answer: E
Question: The Missouri Compromise (1820) provided for all of the following EXCEPT
(A) the extension of slavery into the Northwest Territory.
(B) for Missouri’s entrance into the Union as a slave state.
(C) for Maine’s entrance into the Union as a free state.
(D) that there was to be no slavery north of the 36° 30’ north latitude line.
(E) that slavery was to be permitted south of the 36° 30’ north latitude line.
Answer: A
Question: The Monroe Doctrine
(A) was enforced by England.
(B) created a sphere of influence for the United States in the Western Hemisphere.
(C) expelled all European nations from the Western Hemisphere.
(D) reiterated the U.S. policy of involvement in world affairs.
(E) was part of the American System proposed by Henry Clay.
Answer: B
Question: The Whigs were
(A) a Northern party.
(B) a Southern party.
(C) a pro-Bank party.
(D) a pro-nullification party.
(E) a pro-Indian removal party.
Answer: A
Question: Who accused John Quincy Adams of making a “corrupt bargain”?
(A) Henry Clay
(B) Daniel Webster
(C) William Crawford
(D) Andrew Jackson
(E) James Monroe
Answer: D
Question: Who did not support the idea of nullification?
(A) John C. Calhoun
(B) Thomas Jefferson
(C) James Madison
(D) Robert Hayne
(E) Daniel Webster
Answer: E