Complete the chart on Philosophical and Theoretical Orientations to
Teaching filling in the information on the aim of education, key points,
teaching strategies, teacher role, metaphor, and authors/dates. (Hint: a
metaphor provides a picture in mind or way of representing the idea or
concept that will help you understand and remember the philosophy. For
example, a metaphor for Constructivism might be a building under
construction. Likewise, for behaviorism, it might be the teacher as
sculptor, the child as clay). Use the format below:
Philosophy
(Proponents/dates)

Aim of Education Key Points Teacher Roles

Perennialism

Essentialism

Progressiveism

Reconstructionism/
Critical Theory
Information
Processing
Behaviorism

Cognitivism/
Constructivism
Humanism