Project: 050_MoE_Accelerating_Mixture-of-Experts_Methods_with_Z | Function: Router.forward (iclr)

system: You are an expert Python programmer implementing algorithms from scientific papers.
Complete the masked function based on the algorithm description.
Follow Python best practices and maintain consistent code style.
Return **only** the complete Python function code.

user: Complete this Python function:

**DESCRIPTION:** Implements the pathway-aware router with gating residuals that considers routing scores from previous layers to enable stable expert selection across MoE++ layers.

**KEY TERMS:** {
  "self.wg": "\\bm{W}^{j}",
  "self.gate_map": "\\bm{W}^{j}_{g}",
  "logits": "G(\\bm{x}^{j})",
  "gate_residual": "G(\\bm{x}^{j-1})"
}

**CONTEXT CODE:** import typing
from collections.abc import Callable
from collections import defaultdict
from typing import Any, Dict, TYPE_CHECKING, Optional, Tuple, List

import torch
import copy

from torch import Tensor
from torch.nn import Module
import torch.nn.functional as F

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    Base = Module[Tensor]
else:
    Base = Module


MOE_TOP_K = 2
Constant = 2


class CopyExpert(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, expert):
        super(CopyExpert, self).__init__()
        pass

    def forward(self, inputs):
        raise NotImplementedError("Function implementation has been masked for testing")
    
class ZeroExpert(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, expert):
        super(ZeroExpert, self).__init__()
        pass

    def forward(self, inputs):
        return torch.zeros_like(inputs).to(inputs.dtype).to(inputs.device)


class ConstantExpert(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, expert):
        super(ConstantExpert, self).__init__()
        self.constant = torch.nn.Parameter(
            torch.empty((expert.hidden_size)))
        torch.nn.init.normal_(self.constant)

        self.wg = torch.nn.Linear(expert.hidden_size, 2, bias=False)
        self.softmax = torch.nn.Softmax(dim=-1)

    def forward(self, inputs):
        # print(inputs.size())
        weight = self.wg(inputs)
        weight = self.softmax(weight)
        return torch.einsum('b,bd->bd', [weight[:, 0].type_as(inputs), inputs]) + torch.einsum(
                'b,d->bd', [weight[:, 1].type_as(inputs), self.constant.type_as(inputs)])


def gating(logits: Tensor, moe_use_mixtral_gating=False, moe_use_logits_norm=False, moe_gate_norm_std=1.0) -> Dict[int, List[Tuple[int, float]]]:
    raise NotImplementedError("Function implementation has been masked for testing")

class Router(Module):
    def __init__(self,
                 model_dim: int,
                 num_experts: int,
                 moe_use_mixtral_gating: bool,
                 moe_2layer_gate: bool,
                 moe_use_logits_norm: bool,
                 moe_gate_norm_std: float,
                 ) -> None:
        super().__init__()

        if moe_2layer_gate:
            self.wg = torch.nn.Sequential(
                torch.nn.Linear(model_dim, num_experts * 8, bias=False).float(),
                torch.nn.Tanh(),
                torch.nn.Linear(num_experts * 8, num_experts, bias=False).float()).float()
        else:
            self.wg = torch.nn.Linear(model_dim, num_experts, bias=False).float()

        self.gate_map = torch.nn.Linear(num_experts, num_experts, bias=False)

        self.gate = gating
        self.moe_use_mixtral_gating = moe_use_mixtral_gating
        self.moe_use_logits_norm = moe_use_logits_norm
        self.moe_gate_norm_std = moe_gate_norm_std

    def forward(self, input: torch.Tensor, gate_residual=None) -> Dict[int, List[Tuple[int, float]]]:
        if isinstance(self.wg, torch.nn.Linear):
            if self.wg.weight.dtype != torch.float32:
                self.wg = self.wg.float()
                setattr(self.wg.weight, 'router', True)
        else:
            if self.wg[0].weight.dtype != torch.float32:
                self.wg = self.wg.float()
                setattr(self.wg[0].weight, "router", True)
                setattr(self.wg[2].weight, "router", True)
        input_fp32 = input.float()
        logits = self.wg(input_fp32)

        if gate_residual is not None:
            gate_residual = self.gate_map(gate_residual.to(self.gate_map.weight.dtype))
            logits += gate_residual

        gate_output = self.gate(logits, self.moe_use_mixtral_gating, self.moe_use_logits_norm, self.moe_gate_norm_std)

        return gate_output, logits


class Experts(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, expert, num_local_experts=1):
        super(Experts, self).__init__()

        self.experts = torch.nn.ModuleList(
            [copy.deepcopy(expert) for _ in range(num_local_experts - 2 - Constant)] +
            [ConstantExpert(expert) for _ in range(Constant)] +
            [CopyExpert(expert), ZeroExpert(expert)])

    def forward(self, inputs):
        raise NotImplementedError


class MOELayer(Base):
    def __init__(self,
                 gate: Module,
                 experts: Module,
                 ep_size,
                 num_local_experts: int,


Complete the function implementation replacing "raise NotImplementedError".