ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The world is evolving at a very alarming rate. Seemingly every single day is a new dawn for a new idea. Virtually all spheres of life are changing. A change from what everyone is used to, to a different version. Writing is not an exception. Writing is going through its equal share of evolution. Precisely to say, writing remains to be the most trusted and profound form of communication. For instance the most preferred means of committing critical transactions such as writing examination and signing of bills, to mention but a few, mainly relay on writing. Therefore the significance of writing cannot be understated (Hedges 8). The evolution in writing had its genesis in utilization of signs in the old age then developed to translation of vowels to readable letters and now it has heavy visible presence and evidence in the digital world. This paper tries to elucidate the essence of fundamental processes of writing for individual writers and the effect it has on a group. The papers goes ahead to discuss the matter of whether the writing trends shall adapt to this emerging issues. And essentially what will this mean to the upcoming generation. Shall this be a stepping stone to greater heights or shall this be a stumbling block? The changing times Vitally to mention the older writing forms had their time and have thrived in those years and now it’s giving birth to newer ones. A new breed of writing is around us and it is taking its place significantly. Silently there is a battle between the old writing approach and the new style. Notably the contest rages on to touch and affect both the writers and readers. One school of thought prefers the older syllabus and at the same time another group throwing its weight behind the emerging trends. Prompting the question, between the two divides, who is commanding the lead? Who has the greater influence? Is there a possibility of someone been dethroned? Apparently, these questions are signs not of division but of growing concern in the future of writing (McCloud 593). The good news is that the same purpose of writing remains at the core of writing. And the concern of where writing is taking us is becoming a dear to many. And indeed the future of writing is getting brighter and intriguing by the day. Beyond any shadow of doubt and clear to minds of both writer and readers times have changed. Evidently, days of deep reading and analysis of books, is a thing of the past, so to say. The deep reading that was a sign of academic prowess and pride is now a thorn on the flesh for most people. he norm is now inclusion of multimedia content to deliver information and achieve communication. It is now a common knowledge and concern that the main source of information is streaming from the internet (Peterson 596). If statistics are anything to go by, then this generation wealthiest source of knowle
Warehousing Job Opportunities Having searched for employment opportunities in the warehousing industry, I managed to get two managerial positions. The first job was advertised by Wilkinson Green Limited Company. The location was in Cheshire and Stockport in England. The job was titled “Assistant management jobs.” The job qualification was a candidate with a bachelors degree from a recognized university and at least three years of experience in the field. Key responsibilities included stock-keeping covering goods brought in, supplied, retuned from customers, and stock taking. The candidate was expected to achieve the targets set by the line manager. It was his/her duty to report any discrepancies in delivery to the supplies department, make decisions when there was no buyer consult on deliveries and report this to the purchasing department, co-operate with department supervisors on the storage of overstock and creation of space. The manager had to ensure that communication with customers is clear, professional, and maintain proper documents of supply. Lastly, the candidate had to be able to work and cope in a warehouse with a fast environment involving voluminous transactions. It was a permanent job with a salary ranging from 18,000€ to 20,000€ plus other benefits. The other job advertised by Brightwork Company Limited was titled “Warehouse operation manager.” The vacancy was in Glasgow, Scotland. The responsibilities of this job included full control of budgetary and operational responsibilities, management of over 150 operatives in a fast-moving environment, management of consumer service, and the welfare of the staff. The applicant had to have a senior level of warehouse management experience in parcel delivery, retail distribution, fo
China is an important and strategic nation not only in the Asian continent, but from the international perspective as well. In recent years, with China adopting the liberalization and globalization policies in right earnest, the world community has been forced to take note of China’s strength while expressing different kinds of reactions. While on the one hand China is not liked by some countries for the cheaper labor rates, some countries issue boycott calls for products exported from the mainland China for a number of reasons. Infringement of intellectual property rights (IPR) laws was another reason for which the country has received negative media coverage. Even after organizing a never before show in the form of Olympics in the year 2008, by pumping in huge amounts of its resources, the country has been able to take the recessionary trends in its stride. While a number of developed nations like US, Germany, UK etc. were under acute pressure on account of recession, China continued to showcase an average GDP growth of 10.3 percent during the period of 2003–09 (Datamonitor, 2010). It is worthwhile here to note that while the credit crunch led recession resulted in negative growth figures in many countries around the world, China was able to come out with growth figures of around 9 percent even in the year 2008, a dip of about 4.6 percent from the 12.6 percent in the year 2007 (Datamonitor, 2010). Stimulus packages provided by the government certainly had a big role in maintaining such growth figures, but then such packages were also provided by other governments as well. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao was a satisfied person after finding out that the economic stimulus packages had the desired impact on sustaining the economic growth of the country. The stimulus packages worth more than $595 seems to have the desired impact on almost all aspects of the economy, as the industrial sector was also able to provide an estimated 22 million jobs to the job market (Xinhua, 2010). It is worth pointing out here that despite the stimulus packages provided by the US government the job market in America has lost about 7.9 million jobs since the start of the recession (Reuters, 2010). Respective Chinese governments have put in place the economic reforms for about two decades now. It has witnessed gradual transition of Chinese economy from a highly regulated economy to an open one. Impressive GDP gro
The term queer was earlier on used to denote degradation. It is surprising that today the term to signify affirmation; be it present or future. The term was used to as a slur especially when referring to unacceptable sexual activity. Today it is used as a symbol of normalization. In the case where performativity is linked to the discourses ability to produce the named then power assumes the role of discourse in the performative domain. The performativity view has implications that discourses usually have a history which precedes and conditions its current use. Queer as a term has been used to shame the named subject. The term derives its force from an invocation that is repeated and it has been linked to accusation and insult. The term has for instance been used to refer to those who embrace habits or do actions that are considered taboo and are therefore perceived to be traversing the established norms of a particular social setting a good example being the practicing of homosexuality or lesbianism (Butler 223). The term carries with it pain together with social injury. The deconstruction of such a term however needs not to paralyze its use but to extend the range of its usage. There is a necessity for temporary tantalization to be done by the identity categories. The term queer is supposed to be taken as an affiliation term as much as it is not supposed to holistically describe what it purports. There has been an increase in gay and lesbian activism activities which are usually aimed at drawing the public’s attention to this group of people as they claim to have been neglected and their rights abused as well. This has contributed to the recontextualization of the term from being a humiliating concept to something that needs to be given the necessary attention. It had initially carried with it a homophobic perception, although this perception has gradually faded due to the fact that the term has acquired a new meaning and perception. The naming of a young male as ‘boy’ is intrinsic in the sense that it carries with it the symbolic power. It carries with it the perception of masculinity as much as it may not approximate the norm fully. Masculinity therefore a forcible norm citation and it is not a product of choice. And it carries with it some historical aspects. The gender perform
The whole world seems to recover from the 2009-2010 crisis and the development of different types of manufacturing and other spheres should improve. However, looking at the announcements from the Euro zone, the economical situation there is much worse than it was expected. The Euro zone has always been the example of stability and growth. The economy of its region has never appeared in too complicated situation and difficulties. Having created the united zone and the same currency, the Euro zone has been developing and its economy has been flourishing. However, even such stable and constantly developing country could not hide from the crisis. David Jolly in the article “Unemployment and Inflation Rise in Euro Zone” published on March 1, 2012, dwells upon the main problems which has raised in the Euro Zone. The author stresses on the level of unemployment and quotes some specialists who try to predict the level of the problem and the particular measures which may be taken to improve the situation as soon as possible. Many specialists predict that the problems are going to last for some period of time and the countries which are included in the Euro zone should try hard to remove the problem and to return to the pre-crisis activities. Looking at the economics of European zone, it is easy to notice the increased unemployment rates. Different source announce that the unemployment rate has increased since the end of 2011 and it continues to rise in 2012. 17 countries in Euro zone report about rapid increase of the unemployment (Figure 1). The official sources report that there has never been such critical situation from the day of the united currency implementation in 1999 (Figure 2). The unemployment in Euro zone has a lot of consequences which may lead to unpredicted situations and may result in greater disasters for other countries. Considering the situation from aside, it is possible to state that the banks and the governments of the countries which have appeared under the critical consequences try to do all possible to reduce the number of unemployment. However, the situation becomes more and more complicated. If to check the situation from the side of the number of those who are involves in the manufacturing processes, it is possible to conclude that the increased rate of unemployment has reduced the manufacturing volumes. Therefore, each company involved in the manufacturing processes is to reduce the pace which does not support the recovering from the critical situation. Therefore, the manufacturing activity is reduced to minimum and if nothing is going to happen, the reduction of the manufacturing activity may reach the critical level. Additionally, there are many other factors which do not help the economy of the country to raise. Two main factors, the increase of the unemployment and the reduction of the manufacturing activity, lead to the predicted result. People begin spend less money as they are unable to allow the expenses they could make in the times with the normally function
Environmental problems are global and manifest themselves in all countries of the world. However, until now, many people do not understand the severity of climate change and planet pollution. Some of them did not face an environmental problem and therefore, do not believe in their existence. However, most citizens, who do not understand the consequences of environmental issues, do not have enough information to realize the significance of the problems. This ignorance prevents them from associating unusual phenomena for their area with global environmental problems. However, although the lack of information is one of the significant challenges for citizens to understand and recall environmental issues, the spread of false news and the extremely high information flow have even more significant adverse effects. The “information-deficit” model is one of the most often used approaches for understanding public response to environmental issues. This model explains that knowledge gaps between scientists and ordinary citizens prevent them from believing and perceiving information and increase their skepticism (Suldovsky, 2017). In an exaggerated form, this gap can be compared with a situation in which a modern person explains to a peasant from the Middle Ages about the possibilities of the Internet or traveling by car. The same phenomenon also prevents society from understanding environmental problems. The lack of knowledge about the interaction of natural factors and the influence of humans on them, as well as the inverse effect of nature on the health of society interfere with the building of logical connection. If a person does not know about the emission of CO2 due to meat production, he or she cannot understand the link between his or her love for KFC and the melting of glaciers. This example is also slightly exaggerated, but it describes the basic principles of the model. A more specific example is statistics from a study by Shin et al. (2019), in which 40% of Americans do not associate the environmental problem with health risks. Thus, this model is straightforward for understanding the formation of public perception of environmental issues. At the same time, this situation with the gap between scientists and ordinary citizens is quite easily fixable, which one can note even nowadays. The primary method of forming an adequate and realistic representation and awareness of the seriousness of environmental problems, which the information-deficit model offers, is the communication of scientists with society. The ways of such communication can be the adaptation of curricula in schools and colleges, television and radio shows, or educational TV programs, the publication of books, brochures, and other media materials (Suldovsky, 2017). For example, the dissemination of information about natural disasters, especially participatory information dissemination methods, significantly increased the level of preparation for them (Abunyewah et al., 2020). An effective way is also the practical or sensory perception of problems; for example, w
Introduction Highly dangerous agents either in the form of naturally acquired or artificially introduced, have the perspective of infecting a large number of vulnerable individuals and in some cases resulting in a chain of infection. The potential of bioweapon (BW) can be comparable to that of Nuclear Weapons and this is the reason for these agents to be included in the category of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). What makes them even more popular among the antisocial elements are their low cost and widespread accessibility of twin technology of low complexity. Bioweapons are mainly attractive to terrorist groups as their production is simple and their cost is low. They have been termed “ the poor man’s nuclear bomb ” (Lesleor and Koran, 1993). In fact, studies have proven that BW agents are more efficient in terms of exposure per kilogram of goods than any other weapons system. The recent developments of technology in the field of biotechnology have helped in production and have also improved the capability to produce more diverse, tailor-made agents. Though there are several steps taken in the past to control or stop the production of these destructive weapons, not much is done in this field. For instance, excluding countries that have dismantled their BW programs, e.g. USA, UK, France etc., it is anticipated that there are about 11 other countries that are believed to have developed the capability to produce biological weapons (US Committee on Armed Services, 1993). Biological weapons differ from the other WMD as their effects manifest after an incubation period. This allows the person/people involved in the antisocial activity to move away from the site of attack before the infection catches them. The agents used in BW are mainly natural pathogens and the illnesses they cause simulate existing diseases (Dudley and Woodford, 2002). Tracing back or identifying the culprit will be much difficult as the diagnosis and treatment would be carried out by the medical team
Introduction Though there is a mistaken opinion about Aztecs being barbaric and uncivilized it is to be said that Aztecs were a nation of rich cultural values and beliefs. Existing in XIV-XVI centuries in central Mexico they also had a rich mythology which spoke for their cultural heritage; hence, their society can definitely be understood as civilized not barbaric. The Aztecs created a great civilization of Middle Ages that reached its peak in 1500’s. The Aztec Three Aspects of Civilization Religion Development Aztecs had their own art heritage, political order, and religious beliefs. The religion was mainly presented by the sacrificial offerings and worshiping gods who ruled the nature forces, as Aztecs used to think. Moreover, most art and architecture in their civilization was bound to their religion. There are many proofs of religious ceremonies left on the walls that have murals and paintings and on bark. Art Heritage The Aztec civilization was truly amazing as there is no other civilization on Earth that would have created the same great calendar as Aztecs had. It was a calendar stone of 22 tons and 12 feet in diameter having and image of Aztecs thought the universe was. (The Getty Villa: The Aztec Pantheon). This should be a good evidence for considering the Aztec civilization to be very advanced according to those times and civilizations existing. Overall, the advanced way of life does not leave any doubts according to Bernal Diaz del Castillo: ‘… which was very richly furnished in their manner’ and ‘a very rich necklace, made of golden crabs, a marvelous piece of work…’ (Diaz del Castillo, p.219). Indeed, the Aztec nation still amazes the modern society with the pieces of jewels they used to make. Such laborious tasks could be carried out only by highly devoted and civilized personnel. In the picture of a gold necklace placed in the Field Museum it is visible to the naked eye that the work is so fine and marvelous that it is even hard to believe the necklace was made in fifteenth century. (FMP: Artisans and Merchants: Golden necklace) Aztecs’ Economical System and Entertainment Moreover, the Aztecs can be deservedly called brilliant economical civilization since they have a very extensive and substantial system of markets. They used to sell all kinds of products ranging from beans to animals’ skin. (FMP: Artisans and Merchants: An Aztec ma
Introduction In the book, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings , the author, Maya Angelou, describes how she grew up as an intelligent Afro-American girl in South America and later in California in 1940’s. She gives an account of the various characteristics of her society that made her to mature. Having worked with Martin Luther in combating racism before her book, she had to incorporate the theme of racism in her work. Thus racism and segregation is highly depicted as a theme in her book (Angelou 1). Racism and Segregation In this book, Maya comes across many instances of blatant racism. She is forced to face racism and segregation in her country at a very young age. While living in Stamps, Arkansas, she experiences the region’s characteristic segregation to the extent that she believes that white people do not exist. At this tender age, she is made to believe that every good thing belongs to the whites. This is evidenced in many incidences. An example is that, as she fails to recite her poem in church, she notes that her dress is probably a handout from a white woman. She associates blond hair with beauty and believes that she is trapped in a “black ugly dream” (Angelou 7) with an unattractive African-American body. She also believes that she will soon wake from her nightmare and become as beautiful as the whites. The segregation that is characteristic of Stamps is evidenced by the statement that Mrs. Henderson owns a store in the black segment of Stamps (Angelou 1 – 11). As she grows older, Maya encounters racist incidences that are more open and personal. Some of these incidences include the demeaning address that is directed towards her by a white speaker during her eighth-grade graduation, she also faces racist problems while applying for a streetcar job but she overcomes the problems to get the job. Her white boss is also depicted as a racist. He calls her Mary despite her disapproval. When she visits a white dentist, he declines to treat her. There is evidence that black people were prone to acts of violence perpetrated to them by their white counterparts. This is from the incidence in which Maya and Willie help a black man escaping a white lynch mob. The importance that the black attach to the world championship boxing match of Joe Louis shows how the black people thirst for recognition and also proves inequality in the community. Maya is also portrayed as a racist in some ways. For instance, she feels guilty of loving the works of William Shakespeare due to the mere fact that he was white (Angelou 11 – 23). In summary, the book has a notable thematic bias on racism. Con