ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
A culture’s values are attributes that demonstrate what most members of a culture believe in and that control their actions. Studies confirm that most values are learned. This report analyses some of the studies and explains the role played by culture in influencing crucial decision-making in business and the society. It explains the extent to which values are culture-specific. In addition, this report uses specific examples to illustrate that most values are culture-specific; however, it also illustrates that some values may be innate. Some important findings show that values are culture-specific. Maloney (2009) carried out a research and discovered that human beings learn everything from others. In his book, Maloney says that human beings are not born with acquaintance or traits. He says we acquire them from our neighbourhood. Maloney argues that if a child were to be born in the United Kingdom and be exchanged with another in Ethiopia, he would grow to be a unique individual. For example, his diet, dressing, entertainment would be unique. The researcher say healthcare, living-conditions, and lifestyles may influence a person’s appearance, body functionality, and thoughts. He says that the environment in which a person lives determines his/her height. A part from genetics, an individual’s height is determined by quality of food, healthcare, physical environment, among others. Notably, the environment also determines the opinions and beliefs of an individual. Additionally, other researchers have said that human beings are social animals that depend on behavioural modification, which determine how they develop cognitively (Hofstede, 1980). Human beings are programmed to emulate actions from other cultures. However, it is also true that we cannot interfere with pre-existing interpersonal behaviours. Experts agree there are different programming layers that help to develop our character. Nevertheless, there are no people with the same programming. The difference mean even those living in the same environment cannot be completely identical. Everyone gathers information from different viewpoints. However, researchers also say that residents of an area often develop common values (Hofstede, 1980). They commonly develop behavioural aspects relating to religion, politics, ethnicity, and racism, among others. No one is born either a Christian or Muslim. Religious groups usually live in different regions. For example, when Muslims live in an area, Catholics will live in a different area. Children born and living in these areas usually emulate the same cultural values and behaviours. Children’s behaviours are influenced by circumstances in which they are born. A baby cannot be born with bad behaviours. A baby, therefore, is not born with bad characters. At the same time, there are innate cultures. Holway(2012) says that the innate values form a natural moral sense that helps a person to recognize what is good or bad. The expert i
Maintenance Procedures There are many maintenance procedures that are used in many businesses across the world. It depends with the management on the type of maintenance that they choose. For instance, the management could choose to replace by buying new parts or repairing the parts that have been affected ( Master of system support engineering , 2011, pp.15). Scheduled and Unscheduled Aircraft Maintenance Scheduled aircraft maintenance is a laid down procedure that takes place in a stipulated timetable. On the other hand, unscheduled aircraft maintenance is an activity that happens at a non planned occurrence. This is done when there is an emergency occurrence. Major Maintenance Systems These are vital processions that happen in an industry to accrue success. For instance, major maintenance is done once in a while. In many industries, Major maintenance is only done once a year. This is to reduce the costs that are incurred in the process. This could include replacement of engines, body parts and other vital machines ( Master of system support engineering, 2011, pp.71-74). Materials Movement Tools These are the different methods that are used in the management to run different resources in an industry. There is the management that involves the supply of equipment, machinery and other auto parts while the other maintenance is for the supply of materials that are solely used in the industry for the customers. Training Requirements There are a number of requirements that should be given to trainees during training. This is a vital factor that influences the reception of the training sessions. First of all, there should be dummy equipment in the training. These are the examples that give the trainees ample information on the activities that are required in the industry. Similarly, trainees require experienced staff for the training. Experienced staff will equip the trainees with ample and useful information. List of References Master of system support engineering ., 2011. Hawk LIF in-service support. Canberra: Master of system support engineering
Brief Summary Martinez (2016) reviews major hazards that clinicians face during work and discusses possible interventions to reduce negative consequences. Patient attacks, both physical and verbal, are among the most known types of violence in a health care setting. Nurses experiencing aggression or violence have to deal with psychological as well as physical traumas apart from being pressured to continue working with patients; furthermore, patient violence is often underreported. Interventions include staff education focused on de-escalation practices, universal precautions, protective equipment, and risk identification. Key Issue Workplace violence. Resolution The author provides some ways to resolve the issue but does not establish the best way to do that. According to Martinez (2016), additional research is necessary to find which intervention is the most effective. The scholar notes that most programs are targeted at nurses, raising their awareness of patient violence. For example, some clinics teach their staff to de-escalate the situation verbally and use model problem solving to be prepared for various situations. Others implement a universal precautions list where clothing guidelines, standing position, safe distance, and protective equipment are mentioned. Patient surveillance and metal detectors are reviewed as means to make the environment safe for nurses. Tie-In The problem of workplace violence is closely connected to the experience of every health care professional. Patients can be in a different mental state, while in the hospital. They may be aggressive due to frustration, medication, or other issues both related and unrelated to health. Therefore, this article’s discussion can be tied to my practice as well – as a medical specialist, I often find myself in situations where risks have to be assessed quickly and effectively to resolve tension and protect myself and other staff from verbal and physical violence. Reference Martinez, A. J. S. (2016). Managing workplace violence with evidence-based interventions: A literature review. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services , 54 (9), 31-36.
Joseph Brackett is the composer of the song Simple Gift . He wrote and composed it in 1848 in Maine. Brackett was born in 1797 and died at the age of 85 on the 4 th of July 1882. He spent his entire life in Maine where he was actively involved in writing, composing songs, and in religious activities of the Shakers community. His father supported the nuclear unit of Shakers by providing settlement for members of the sect. His active involvement in the sect led him to be appointed an elder in the community. Brackett is widely known for his songs, particularly Simple Gifts, which are classified as dance songs, work songs, or hymns. The song Simple Gifts was only known within the Shakers community until 1944 when it was first performed at a ballet concert. The melody was used in Appalachian Springs , a ballet performance by Martha Graham. In 1950, the song was used for the second time in an orchestra performance. Since 1950, the song has been used many times by different composers. They have either rearranged or adapted the song in different ways. Brackett did not favor specific lyricists, song writers, or composers. He was only affiliated to the Shakers sect. It was through his strong involvement with the sect that he got inspired to write and compose his songs. He wrote dancing songs, the most famous being Simple Gifts . He is known today because of the song which has been adapted several times. Both the adapted and original versions have an international audience. The most common adapted version is Lord of the Dance , a 1963 publication. Brackett was active in a social and religious movement. He joined the Shakers sect at the age of 10 with his entire family. His father provided temporary settlement for the first ever nuclear group of the sect. After the death of his father, Brackett continued to rise in ranks, gaining the position of an elder. He was appointed to lead members of the sect in Maine. By the time he became an elder the nuclear unit of the community had already expanded and occupied other areas within the south. The song, Simple Gifts, was originally written as a dance song for the Shakers community. The song was performed during special religious events and celebrations. Members of the community used to compose songs and dances for their devotion services. According to the community, one could have several spiritual gifts. Music composition was considered among the spiritual gifts. They composed and recorded musical inspirations as an exercise of their spiritual gifts. The composers and writers were mainly scribes and elders in the community. They did not have any formal training in music composition. However, they used a notation system called ‘letteral’ that used alphabetical letter with rhythmic notations. The dance songs were significant to the community because they formed part of their culture. The song, Simple Gifts, has also formed part of popular culture today by being performed in movies, television series, and documentaries. An adopted version of the song was performed at the inauguration ceremony of President Obama in 2009. Christian
“Marseillaise” was a song composed and written by Rouget de Lisle. The composition of this song was requested by the mayor of Strasbourg, who wanted a song to encourage the army to defend their territory. The song became famous in the territory and was a tool used in the realization of the French revolution. The song comprised phrases that encouraged brevity. “International” was also a song written in France in June 1871 by Eugene Pontier. The words were later transformed into music by Pierre de Geyter in 1888. The song melody was originally intended to be the same as the “Marseillaise”, but a new melody was formulated to be distinct (Wiesner 74). The two songs had various similarities in their composition and style. When it came to the area of composition, France was the country where the message of the two songs was widely adopted. The message in the two songs was “pooling” together –resources and strength -to fight for the common good. Another aspect that brought similarities to both songs was the original language used in their composition. French was used before being translated to other languages. The popularity of the two songs amongst the masses saw them being adopted by various countries. The songs have been used as national anthems and by movements that want to bring revolutions to the status quo. Despite the above argument, the songs differed in various aspects and content. “Marseillaise” called upon the army to defend the territory which was under threat. On the other hand, “International” was an awake up call to the workers to rise up for their rights. In this case, the” Marseillaise” encourages the army against external aggressors while “International” addresses the citizens against fellow citizens. Works cited Wiesner, Merry. et al. Discovering the Western Past, Volume I: A Look at the Evidence: To 1789 . New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin, 2007. Print.
What does it mean? The phrase ‘for us men and for our salvation’ is in the first line of the Nicene Creed. The phrase means that Jesus Christ came to earth to bring salvation. According to the phrase, Christ did not come to save Christians alone, but all men. Christ suffered and died to make all people free. This phrase stresses the idea that Jesus Christ decided to take the human form and set human beings free. The phrase also shows that all men are sinners. The line explains why God sent His son to rescue man from sin and make him holy. We can study this phrase as a summary of the creed. It teaches Christians the importance of their faith and belief towards salvation and happiness (Baynes 29). It introduces the reader to the creed by narrating much about Christ and the role he plays in the Christian faith. The phrase summarizes the dogma of salvation and faith. Since man has remained a sinner, Christ died to set him free. This phrase from the Nicene Creed summarizes the meaning of life on earth. It also gives salvation a new meaning (Geitz 21). It teaches Christians the meaning of a new life. It calls for repentance, acceptance of Christ as God’s son, and the need to become a holy creature. This phrase teaches Christians about the role of Jesus Christ and how he helped bring salvation to man. It is through Christ that we will see our Heavenly father. This phrase talks about Christ, human salvation and repentance. Christ died to set all captives free. These teachings occur in the first four books in the New Testament. The authors of the creed derived the phrase from the teachings in the New Testament. According to Geitz (39), the phrase does not suggest that all people are important. Instead, it stresses the idea that God is merciful and loving. The words ‘for us men’ suggest that God’s love for man is great. God loves his people despite their wicked ways and sins. The phrase informs the reader that Christ is the only way to Heaven. Why was it included? The phrase ‘for us men and for our salvation’ is included in the creed as a way of opening the main thought to the reader. It therefore acts as the opening statement for the creed. The phrase introduces the subject to the audience by informing them about the love and grace of God (Geitz 38). This is the reason God sent his son to die for man. The reader observes that Christ came to save man and bring salvation upon him. The first line cannot be complete without this phrase. The inclusion of the phrase in the creed completes the message as intended. The phrase supports all the other lines of the creed. It tells us much about Jesus Christ by explaining why he came to rescue man from his sins. The inclusion of the phrase therefore makes the creed complete. The phrase is also the ‘heart’ of this creed. The words ‘for us’ means that Jesus Christ became Human. God used this mystery as a way of bringing salvation to man (J
Introduction Mass media plays a significant role in the any society. The media streams programs to educate and reprimand the society on areas that it goes wrong. Through the social media, one can understand the culture of any society even without having to interact with it (Hines 49). Moreover, by watching a television program or a film episode, one can easily identify the theme of the film as well as the target audience. Besides, it is possible to identify the level of gender interaction in society covered in a film. Since the medieval times, gender stereotyping has been a pertinent issue from one generation to another. This behavior is depicted in films, television programs, and different writings. Films are form of the many avenues that propagate gender stereotyping. In the Titanic miniseries, gender stereotyping is prevalent across all the four episodes. This paper critically reviews the first episode of the Titanic miniseries produced by Julian Fellows. The paper also brings out the nature of gender stereotyping in the episode and relate it with how people perceive gender in the modern world. Preferred reading of the text The media uses different signs to send messages by giving different meanings to varied symbols especially when it needs to deliver a coded message to a particular target group (Hines 52). In the Titanic , the film uses different signs to send messages. The film portrays the ship as having numerous compartments that host different classes of people as a way of hyperbolizing the big size of the ship. Moreover, it portrays women in the first-class cabin as having big hats. In a way, the director intends to emphasize that the people travelling in the first-class cabin were wealthy. Everyone in the ship is jubilating to signify how happy he or she is to travel in the ship. Target audience Based on how the film is produced, it is evident that the film targeted all classes of people ranging from the rich through the middle class to the poor. In spite of the film indicating that the people travelling in the Titanic are divided based on their social status, the film goes ahead to show a high level of interaction among the different classes of people. The idea of portraying a high degree of interaction among the social classes makes the film attractive to all classes of people (Sandler and Gaylyn 19). It would have been hard for the middle class and poor people to watch a film that only shows the rich enjoying in the ship. On the other hand, the rich would not enjoy watching a film that comprises of the middle class and the poor people only. Gender stereotyping For decades, societies have been contending with gender stereotyping. In most cases, gender stereotyping comes in the form of gender discrimination. More often than not, women suffer greatly from gender stereotyping, where men treat them as objects for satisfying their desires (Hines 53-57). In spite of people understanding the dangers posed by gender stereotyping, they continue to propagate it for the sole purpose of solving their greedy motives. In the Titanic miniseries episode on
The Ballot or the Bullet is a seminal speech delivered by Malcolm X in 1964. Its primary emphasis is laid on the pursuit of racial justice in the United States. Malcolm X focuses on the philosophy of Black Nationalism, discussing it outside the context of religious identification. According to him, “if we keep our religion at home, <…> we have a fight that’s common to all of us against an enemy who is common to all of us.” (X 1). The speech suggests that African American communities are entitled to determine their internal economies, politics, and social life. The overall tone of the piece expresses open disapproval of the white-conditioned political agenda, as “the white liberals who have been posing as our friends have failed” black communities (X 3). Malcolm X adds that the political leaders of the United States gave many false promises, failing to conduct truly inclusive and representative policies. Consequently, African Americans should take a united stance against systemic discrimination and resolve their issues in a self-governing manner. Malcolm X’s speech is closely connected to the following presidential election, as he deemed it a fitting moment to voice black people’s concerns. Malcolm X draws parallels with the American fight for independence, saying that “it’ll be the ballot or it’ll be the bullet; it’ll be liberty or it’ll be death” (9). Therefore, true liberty from systemic discrimination and societal restraints can be achieved through active resistance to oppression and hypocrisy. Despite decades of considerab
Until 1492, the whole continents of North and South America were not known in Europe. After the Columbus expedition, a small kingdom of Spain got control over two continents and became the most powerful Empire. Nevertheless, before the Spanish conquest, there were several advanced civilizations on the continent. One of the Andean civilizations, the Inca Empire was the largest country in the pre-Columbian America. The Empire covered 3000 miles of the west coast of South America and included parts of modern Peru, Ecuador, Chile, Bolivia and Argentina. This civilization was very advanced. For instance, the Incas built a network of roads connecting the different towns of the Empire. The tax system was one of the statements of the Inca’s economy. There was no difference between the class and prosperity. Everyone had to pay the gold or, at least, corn and potatoes. Indeed, the agriculture was the main activity of this civilization. They lived in mountainous terrain that was completely bad for farming. However, the Incas found a solution of this problem in a cut of terraces looked like the stairs. Thereby, they could produce maize, potatoes, tomatoes, peanuts, melons and cotton. The method of irrigation allowed getting water to the plantations. The administrative and political center of the Empire was located in Cusco in modern Peru. Nearby Cusco, the Incas created an important geometric ensemble of Machu Picchu built of stone. The significance of this town lies in the ancient beliefs of an existence of the place where they can get the spiritual connection with gods. The stones were cut very careful and fitting perfectly to each other. All the levels of this town were connected with the stairways. Obviously, the cultural inheritance of the Inca Empire was rich. However, due to the historical events, almost all the cultural valuables were lost. Nowadays, there are no written records left by the Incas. The knowledge of their history and culture are known from the oral narrations which were preserved until the Spanish conquest. The scientists know about the unique calendar of the Incas which consists 12 months of 30 days. It means that even in the 15 th century the Incas people had a deep knowledge of math and astronomy. Within the several centuries the Incas built a great empire which was destroyed by the few hundred Spanish soldiers. In 1532, Francisco Pizarro and his soldiers conquered the Empire. It happened due to the political collapse and disorder within the Empire. Therefore, the Incas people fell quickly into the Spanish with their weapons and horses. Besides, some of the European diseases were deadly dangerous for the native people of the American continent. Pizarro easily captured the Incas emperor Atahualpa and took control over the whole Empire. The consequences of this event were horrible. The Inca Empire was in ruin. The Spanish army took the gold and other riches and killed thousands of people. They forced the Incas to convert to Christianity and in cas