ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The pursuit of happiness is probably the main goal for each person on the earth. People have very different concepts on what can be considered real happiness. During the history of humanity, there existed outstanding people who put a lot of efforts into explaining this complicated notion of happiness. Among the most successful between them, Aristotle can be mentioned. In the following paper, his concept on seeing the good life in a life of intellectual contemplation will be discussed. Generally, evaluating the facts, it can be said that Aristotle’s concept of happiness is authentic, and happiness for a number of people is truly in acquiring knowledge, but this is not always true as there exist many other concepts of real happiness, and all of them are true for certain categories of people they address. First of all, evaluating Aristotle’s conclusion that the good life is a life of intellectual contemplation, it can be said that this concept truly works for a number of people including scientists, philosophers and the other men of knowledge ( Aristotle, n. d.). These people see satisfaction in acquiring more facts and understanding the world around them in a better way. In addition, knowledge and intellectual contemplation present the person with wisdom and shrewdness. These qualities, in turn, make the person’s life better, and make the person happier, as a result. This is the fact which was long ago confirmed by the person who is considered to be the wisest person of all men, King Solomon (Russell, 1930). Solomon who possessed all the riches of the world existing during those days, had hundreds of the most beautiful wives and concubines, had great and satisfying “work” so to say, had hundreds of children and saw all the wonders of contemporary world, said that happiness comes from intellectual contemplation and wisdom. However, there exist the other group of people for whom intellectual contemplation and knowledge present nothing more than burden and even grief. This is explained by their world perception and values. Of course, such people will never agree with Aristotle. Speaking about the other ways of life that could bring happiness, the lifestyle of consumption comes in mind. This is how our modern world is built. Western values globally propagated among people assume seeing happiness in possessing material values, and the more the better. In addition, people see happiness in having good health and strong family with nice children. The other concept of happiness which is gaining its momentum nowadays is in being as beautiful as possible. People are ready to sacrifice everything including their health and even lives to look better (Baird & Kaufmann, 2007). The common concept of happiness existing among people for centuries can be seen in the following words by Baird & Kaufmann: “ most people would probably agree: for both the common run of people and cultivated men call it happiness, and understand by “being happy” the same as “living well” and “doing well” (2000, p. 56). The differences between the common person’s definition of happiness and the
Printmaking is one of the core foundations of both conventional and contemporary art. It is an artistic printing technique that fosters the creation of images on paper or fabric. As a theme, printmaking comprises various dimensions ranging from classifications to applications to printmaking patrons. It is through inventions such as printmaking that art has significantly evolved into diverse contemporary forms and styles. The following is an evaluation of the dimensions of printmaking. Categories of Printmaking Printmaking as a conventional style of art falls into four categories which constitute relief, stencil, intaglio, and planographic printmaking. In relief printmaking, the predominant design that is to be transferred onto the printing surface is carved out of a solid material ( Printmaking ). Stencil printmaking entails rubbing or spraying paint around the areas of the design that was cut on a thin material then pressed on a surface ( Printmaking) . In intaglio, the design is carved to hold the ink and then printed that way onto the material or paper ( Printmaking ). In planographic printmaking, a print is created from a level surface as opposed to incised and raised surfaces. These types of printmaking have differences relative to the nature of the surface, which creates or forms the print that is to be transferred onto a fabric or paper. Contemporary Applications of Printmaking Firstly, printmaking was used as a medium of communication through which artists could cover their messages to society. In addition, the Japanese used printmaking to make copies of the Buddhist manuscripts in the 8th century. A lithograph is an example of a traditional printmaker that was mainly used in photographic printmaking. An example is the Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec – Jane Avril at the Jardin de Paris, 1893. The tool is considered to be conventional because it used a lithographic limestone on which an image was drawn using oil, fat, or wax. Henry de Toulouse, Jane Avril at the Jardin de Paris, 1893. Artists began to experiment with a modern approach to making prints from the 1970s. Wassily Kandinsky is one of the artists who started using modern ways of making prints. He used the abstract technique to create his first watercolor abstract, titled Study for Composition VII, Première abstraction. The masterpiece has no subsequent editions, it was the artist’s first created while studying Goethe’s Theory of Colors. Gabrielle Munter, The Portrait of Wassily Kandinsky,1906. In conclusion, printmaking was grossly used in traditional societies to create prints that
Introduction Life is a series of situations, which comprise gains, losses, crises, and sometimes trauma. Some crises are expected, but in most cases, they come as a surprise. Apparently, crises are inevitable, but every time individuals encounter a crisis, they acquire skills to take control of the situation. By being persistent, people discover means to deal with crises and in the future, the problem becomes easy to resolve. At times, individuals encounter problems beyond their capability to cope and even support system from other people may not work too (Malia, 2007). This scenario describes a crisis, which can be developmental or situational, and it may lead to trauma. Therefore, trauma is the encounter to multiple depressing scenarios with long-term effects. In addition, trauma can be referred to an overwhelming situation beyond someone’s capability to contain. Sexual abuse instills shame in the victim, thus causing trauma. Sexually abused children are often too naïve and young to talk about their predicament or look out for assistance. Sexual trauma affects not only the victims and their family, but also the entire society. Traumatic experiences can result in physical, psychological, and spiritual wounds. Trauma and sexuality is a controversial topic since the early days of psychoanalysis. However, the advances made about this topic are important as they articulate psychotherapeutic establishments, which are necessary to deal with issues of trauma (Bisson & Cohen, 2006, p. 585)). A number of theories have been developed to help in understanding how people develop and react to crises during their life span. Developmental theories by Freud, Erikson, and Piaget alongside the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs articulate human development and motivation. During early stages of growth in children, parental warmth is needed to help the child to gain self-esteem. This sense of self-worth buffers the child from early traumatic events. According to Ha
Introduction To many people, music is a form of art that exists alongside other forms such as storytelling and painting. Music comprises the use of sound and intonations of speech to create deliberate rhythms that appeal to the human ear. The unique potential of the variations of rhythms available has made music one of the most popular concepts across the contemporary world. The concept of music has been around for longer than man can remember and it serves numerous purposes with the most common being the provision of entertainment to people (Froneman 2014). Over time, some scholars have sought to explain the role of music as a form of communication and its application in most societies around the world as a means of enhancing their unique identity socially. Such scholars have also sought to help people in understanding the effects of music on emotions, thus leading to specific reactionary behaviour that subsequently affects the way people choose to interact with their environment. This paper seeks to expound this topic by providing a critical assessment of ways in which forms of popular music can meaningfully contribute to movements seeking social or political change. Such explanation lays its basis on an analysis of differences in perception of music, emotional appeal, cultural identity, and elements of education and entertainment. In order to create a better understanding of the concept, the paper includes two examples of initiatives that have achieved societal development through the application of popular music. Both cases comprise initiatives that emanated in the United States of America and resulted in both social and political changes within different governments around the world Popular music: definition Conventionally, from the word ‘popular’, popular music could be taken to underscore some kind of music that is a darling to many people. However, from a critical and scholarly point of view, this definition is too vague and thus, it leaves out the building blocks of what exactly popular music stands for in society. Music has different classifications depending on various factors including the period in which the music was developed, the type of instruments that the musicians use, the cultural identity of the society that subscribes to the particular form in question, and the audience. According to musicologist, Philip Tagg, ‘popular music’ is a classification of music that derives its classification from socio-cultural and economic aspects (Kotarba et al. 2013). In his explanation, Tagg describes popular music as one that comprises several essential elements including mass distribution, the presence of a broad heterogeneous audience, the economic value of such music as a commodity, and its acceptance in a capitalist society that allows the distribution of such music under laws of free enterprise (Kotarba et al. 2013). Essentially, Tagg’s description creates the presumption that popular music is a category of music
All the employers, workers unions, and relevant regulatory bodies work hand in hand to ensure that the safety of the employees is enhanced (Li 25). Currently, accident rates at the construction sites are very high putting the lives and safety of several workers at risk (Heap 43). Without the use automation and mechanization technologies, productivity in the construction sites has been slow and tedious (Diebold 56). For instance, falling over, nail injuries, and cutting of hands is reported frequently in working sites where construction is done manually (Ronald 67). Similarly, manual works are prone to errors that might pose a risk to worker’s safety. However, with the use of mechanization and automation the above situations can be eliminated. Manual operations in the construction sites are to be blamed for the increase in waste and trims. With the use of automation and mechanization, optimization of construction resources can be achieved (Risukhin 28). For instance, construction robots have revolutionized the construction industry (Mahbub 78). Unlike human beings, they operate in adverse weather conditions and are very accurate reducing on wastages. With the emergence of new technologies, safe and cost saving systems have been developed to be used in preparing the tendons for pre- cast concrete (Setareh 51). Through this, production in the construction industry has been enhanced (Goodall 123). Through ICT advancements, managers and clients can access up to date information enhancing their decision-making processes (Horner 134). With the use of AutoCAD, project management software, and other related software, three-dimensional modelling, customer relations, coordination, and management of projects in real-time has been made possible (Cameron 34). Works Cited Cameron, Duggan. ICT in construction and facilities management . Finland: Technical Research Centre of Finland :, 2005. Print. Diebold, John. Automation . New York: American Management Associations, 2003. Print. Goodall, Joshua K.. Influence of diagonal cracks on negative moment flexural anchorage performance in reinforced concrete bridge girders . New York: American Management Associations, 2010. Print. Heap, Alan. Improving site productivity in the construction industry . Geneva: International Labour Office, 2005. Print. Horner, Malcolm. More for less: a contractor’s guide to improving productivity in construction . London: CIRIA, 2001. Print. Li, Rita. Construction safety . Berlin: Springer, 2012. Print. Mahbub, Rohana. An investigation into the barriers to the implementation of automation and robotics technologies in the construction industry . Berlin: Springer, 2008. Print. Risukhin, Vladimir. Automation . New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001. Print. Ronald, Vera. Accident prevention in the construction sector . Luxembourg: Office for official pubs. of the E.C., 2001. Print. Setareh, Mehdi. Concrete structures . Upper Saddle River, N.J
Product Information Product description The product is a high-end beverage juice product. The product is non-alcoholic and contains several different fruit juices. Production of product The product will be produced in California and shipped by truck to 20 different distribution centers in the United States and then will be distributed to stores in cases of 24. In-store sales method The product will be displayed on the store shelf with other high-end juice products. Price Point of product The product will have a high price point within the range of juice products. Specific requirements of the package in the store The package must show the brand name and legal and nutritional information. Package Information Primary Package The function(s) that must be served by the primary package for this product The major functions of the primary package are  1. protection of the product from the degradation process provoked by environmental hazards and mechanical influences,  2. containing the product and support of its shelf life sustainability,  3. product identification  4. provision of consumers with necessary information. The recommendation for the material(s) that should be used for the primary package The suggested material is a carton. The advantages of this material for this purpose and the concerns of using this material The carton packages are created in a sterilized environment, and the carton producers usually employ the pouring systems that prevent the product from contacting air during the filling (Ringblom, 2007). Laminated cartons provide excellent gas, light, and aroma barriers. Moreover, carton beverage containers are very popular among consumers due to the convenience in their use and appealing appearance (Ringblom, 2007). The major concern with the material is the risk of oxygen penetration through the micro-holes developing when the package is folded (Ringblom, 2007). To minimize this risk and preserve the product integrity, it is suggested to implement plastic spouts (Ringblom, 2007). Moreover, it is recommended to use the aluminum film as the material for the internal barrier layer as it is observed that the polyethylene layer may absorb the aroma from the beverage and decrease its taste qualities (Ringblom, 2007). Overall, the carton is a cost-efficient and environmentally friendly material. It is associated with a long product shelf life – nearly 12 months for beverages in 1-liter format (Ringblom, 2007). However, its recycling requires a functioning reverse logistics system that administers both the collection and recycling of the used package. The recommended method of printing for the primary package The suggested printing method is flexography. The advantages of this print method for this package and the concerns of using this print method The flexible photopolymer plates are used for flexography. Such forms have some advantages comparing to the forms used in other types of printing. They are associated with a flexible configuration of forms for
Introduction The purpose of this essay is to understand political ideologies and apply them in real life situation. The political ideologies include, conservative, libertarian, liberal and radical. The essay also involves applying the ideologies to social issues. The essay also includes an analysis of the Harlem project in relation to the political ideologies. The analysis incorporates the views of federal and local government, causes of the problem, strategies to solve problems and the core values that support the solution. The essay also involves defining the political ideologies. Definitions Conservative ideologies: these are political and social views that work towards the maintenance of traditional institutions. The ideologies support minimal and gradual change in society. Conservatives work towards maintaining things as they are. They emphasize on stability and continuity and oppose modernization (Karl and Fredrich, 2011). To them, change will cause instability in the society and lead to the fall of the economy. In the US, republicans are conservative and support the idea of reducing government control in every aspect and the introduction of a free market and society. They promote policies such as increasing funds on defense and support death sentence (Barry, 2009). Libertarian ideologies: These entail social and political ideas through which values that spell out individual freedom, both in thinking and doing, are upheld. They believe and pursue personal freedom and maintain personal responsibility. Those following such ideologies are in strong opposition to the government’s meddling into decisions related to oneself, ones business or family. According to them, everyone is free to act as per his or her own will without any interference on condition that whatever is done does not have any negative effects towards other citizens. The libertarians call a higher level of freedom, smaller form of administration and reduced taxes. Their ideologies are not common in real life because they have not been in power in any country (Milton, 2002). Liberal ideologies: these promote beliefs in liberty and equal rights to every citizen. They mainly advocate for ideas such as free and fair elections, constitutionalism, human rights, democracy and freedom of religion. Liberalism rose to oppose the ideologies that oppressed citizens and that include nobility, state religion and absolute monarch (Bruce, 2009). The liberals were the front runners in the French revolution and American Revolution which led to the end of an oppressive mode of governance. Liberals advocate for change and are ready to embrace new philosophies and ideas. They are democrats and believe in government control, for example, they fight for gun control where no civilians will have fire arms legally or illegally (John and Gildert, 2011). Radical ideologies: these are political and social philosophies that are aimed at purifying the world. These envision forming social movements to work
Abstract The research proposal is based on the study topic The Impacts of E-learning and Academic Performance of Learners . This area has attracted numerous scholars and learning institutions. A research question to support this study has been developed to underpin the significance of the research. The research question emphasizes the impact of e-sources on the academic and learning environment. To help to answer the study’s topic, the objectives have been clearly outlined based on the aim and the research question. Summary The research seeks to delve into the use of e-resources and their effect on the performance of users. The strengths of the study are derived from measurable objectives that have been developed to support the proposal. A collection of the aim and objectives of the research were developed based on the available data supported in the methodology section. Introduction The Internet has become the most important tool in the pedagogical setting. The computer and the information technology supported by the Internet connection became the second library (Schweitzer, 2008). The library created by the growing and robust Internet has not only provided learners with an opportunity to gain extra knowledge, but also self-oriented skills. This demonstrates that the connection between the Internet and the computers continues to contribute to the development of the e-learning or what is called computer-aided learning (Kovel-Jarboe, 2001). Background of the study and statement of problem E-resources are described as online learning materials, including internet-based resources that are used to obtain knowledge materials (Waldman, 2003). Through the utilization of internet-based or e-learning resources, learners are able to navigate the historical changes that are associated with stationary libraries. Originally, learners have been facing geographical barriers, however, the development of e-resources has become an efficacious means of accessing learning resources through all over the world (Falk, 2003; Lee, 2001). Many scholars who have studied the impact of lack of free accessibility to learning resources proved that the capacity of students reduces when they experien