ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Advantages Precise point position has been defined as a method used to establish the accurate position by the aid of global positioning system (Ovstedal, 2002). One major advantage of precise GNSS or GPS is that the application results to tremendous cutting down of coasts in terms of labour and equipment. Similarly logistics for operations are also minimized because the system does not need the services of ground based stations. The cutting of costs has seen to it that the money saved can be used to improve the technology. Additionally, it is worth remembering that using the technology has helped engineers have data that are less erroneous. This is because precise positioning using GNSS and GPS is capable of estimating the receiver clock as well as the atmospheric and tropospheric effects attributes as well as the parameters for geographic coordinates. For this reason it offers another way of providing users with accurate time transfer that can be used to establish water vapour by use of the receiver. The data with high degree of accuracy are applicable in airborne mapping, engineering among others. According to Zumberge, et. al., 1998 another benefit of the technology is that it only involves one GPS receiver therefore users are not compelled to construct a ground local base station. With this regards, it thus removes the ‘spatial operating range limit’ and the problem of simultaneously observing both the rovers as well as local base receivers. On the lime line of reasoning, GNSS and GPS have been viewed as global positioning technique since the ultimate results are termed as a global reference frame. For that matter it offers users with a higher degree of consistency. It is worth noting that precise GNSS/GPS position and application brings with it the advantage of high degree of reliability. Although a single receiver is used, the increased redundancy of data collected usually helps in establishing wrong measurements. Similarly there is improved geometry as well as convergence time. Lastly the technology has dual frequency observation which helps in coming up with ionosphere-free linear combination of original observations thus doing away with the effects of ionosphere (Ovstedal, 2002). Disadvantages It has been noted with concern that when dealing with indifference observation in precise GNSS/GPS positioning there is no possibility of correcting the carrier phase ambiguities. This means that these ambiguities need to be always approximated in what is referred to as float solution (Leandro & Santos, 2006). It is worth remembering that the initialization time of about 20 minutes need for the float position to be converged into centimetre accuracy has led to a limited application of GNSS/GPS data in applications that require real time data. As suggested by Niell, 1996 a
In the given discussion, the main subject will revolve around the notion of unionization itself and its effects on both workers and society in general. The selected article is a research article called “Wage Effects of Unionization and Occupational Licensing Coverage in the United States” by Gittleman and Kleiner (2016), where they analyze and discuss how wages change under unionization, which was declining in the US for past decades, and occupational licensing, which was becoming a replacement for union-derived benefits for employees. The findings suggest that unionization is far more effective at reducing wage inequality and ensuring better working conditions for workers. It is stated: “our estimates of the economic returns to union coverage are greater than those for licensing coverage. Moreover, unions also reduce wage inequality, in contrast to occupational licensing” (Gittleman & Kleiner, 2016, p. 170). In other words, Amazon’s case can result in major shifts in American socioeconomic issues, where wealth inequality is becoming a more and more serious problem. The latter issue was the main selling point of senator Bernie Sanders, and many other prominent politicians raised this issue in the last years. It is important to note that despite the non-absolute participation of trade unions in the local self-government, these provisions of a potential change or even the law makes it possible to talk about the unique opportunity of trade unions to come up with rule-making proposals and take into account their views. It is not covered by the statutory trade union activities based on social partnership. This makes it possible to expand the range of subjects that can influence public authority at the municipal level since trade unions are an additional institution of citizens’ participation in the implementation of local self-government, not covered, in particular, by the institution of citizens’ law-making initiative. Reference Gittleman, M., & Kleiner, M. M. (2016). Wage effects of unionization and occupational licensing coverage in the United States. ILR Review, 69 (1), 142–172. Web.
The Four Vs Volume The Festival is expected to attract over 160,000 people this year, and therefore a large venue is necessary to accommodate all of the attendees. Thus, the Auckland Domain with its 75 hectares, or 185 acres, of space is the best option to avoid overcrowding and ensure that no ventilation issues that may arise in a closed venue arise. The guests are expected to not require much room for sitting and wander throughout the park while visiting various stalls, and so seating accommodations beyond the benches available in the park will generally not be necessary. Varieties Variety is the central concept of the festival, and so it should provide visitors with a broad selection of various entertainment activities. The venue will host approximately a hundred stalls with different Asian food and crafts that will attract people’s interest. Numerous performances showing off martial arts, dances, and live music from traditional and contemporary Chinese cultures will provide a more active form of entertainment. Lastly, the handmade Chinese lanterns that will be positioned throughout the venue will provide guests with beautiful sights and photography opportunities. The festival will be open in the late afternoon to early evening and last until 10:30 p.m., allowing the traditional crafts a chance to display themselves in their best light. Variation Other than renting the venue, the festival organisers do not have to be concerned with securing significant amounts of space for the attendees. Guests are advised not to use cars, as there will be no room to park them, and to come using public transport, bicycles, scooters, or no transportation. The bikes can be parked at the airport, and the venue will have two dedicated spaces for scooter drop-off and pick-up. The festival will supply the entertainment as well as the props necessary for the performers, but stallholders will have to pay for their spots at the venue. As such, it should be able to afford free admission for the guests and remain profitable for the organisers. Visibility The visitors will be able to see the entire operation of the festival, as it takes place outdoors and conducts all of its activities openly. The stalls will have to perform their cooking on site to cope with the demand for freshly made food, and booths generally allow the customers to see everything that happens. All of the other activities will have to occur in plain view, as well, due to the nature of the venue. As such, customers will be able to confirm everything but the origins of the lanterns displayed at the event and the crafts sold at the stalls, ensuring that the Festival provides excellent visibility to customers. Venue and Criteria for Selection The Auckland Lant
Introduction Background Volkswagen (VW) is a giant vehicle manufacturer that was accused of rigging its diesel engine to misrepresent its emission levels. The defeat device was meant to deliver counterfeit results of emission tests with the hope that VW vehicles would not appear to be emitting many pollutants. As VW was to find out, part of the corporate responsibility involves being cautious about the potential adverse effects that arise from the actions of a corporation (Matten & Crane 2005). As the paper reveals, in installing the defeat device in its cars, not only did VW act unethically but also broke laws, even though the outcome of the company’s action could have been positive. Objectives The objectives of this paper include determining whether VW’s move to use the defeat device was wrong and to establish the unprincipled standards of behavior within the company with the view of analyzing areas where it went wrong. Methods To achieve the above objectives, the paper will incorporate normative ethical presumptions and frameworks in the field of business principles. Such theories and models will be critically assessed in the context of the Volkswagen emissions scandal. The paper will also address the restrictions and applications of the theories and methods deployed. Specifically, the paper will adopt the normative ethical theory in examining VW’s emission scandal. VW’s Unethical Actions VW acted unethically when it installed the defeat device, which purported to give false emissions test results. Corporate dishonesty is a major challenge today given that companies are expected to be the custodians of ethics in society. The defeat
Purpose The purpose of the present paper is to establish that data transparency among nurses improves compliance with Bar-code medication administration (BCMA) which positively influences patient safety and service quality in the emergency department (ED). As BMCA practice is considered to be a valuable addition to the hospital patient management process, its usefulness in ED needs to be assessed and evaluated. Considering the lack of reliable data, the paper undertakes to test this hypothesis and aims to prove its instrumental nature for the above-stated setting. The long-term goal of the project is to improve health care quality among hospitals that do not yet employ BMCA and demonstrate its potential within ED units. Project Significance Medication errors often account for devastating health care costs and adverse patient outcomes. Death and deterioration of health conditions that result from improper administration of drugs are a serious concern for the health care system which requires urgent attention (Roughead, Semple, & Rosenfeld, 2016). Taking the issue from under the nurses’ domain or at least decreasing the error incidence is a critical and timely task. BMCA serves to assist nurses with the drug administration process and help minimize the possibility of misconduct by further automating medication delivery. Therefore, by educating nurses to share data this project helped to increase compliance with this practice, thereby improving the performance of ED and raising patient safety and contributing positively to their health outcomes. Methods The initiative to introduce and improve data transparency to boost BMCA compliance and patient outcomes required education interventions among nurses working in the ED. The sample of 36 nurse practitioners (NP) was selected randomly among the population of 56 NPs who work in the department. An 11-month educational intervention was then elaborated to assist nurses in transparency data effectively. At a monthly interval, the BMCA compliance rate was recorded though a manually-distributed survey, specifically developed for this purpose. The data was then analyzed through the inductive approach and quantitative methods with the employment of manual calculation. The initiative was approved by the hospital, and department officials and participation agreements were received from all NPs. Project Outcome The project outcomes may be regarded as positive as the core aim was achieved. As a result of the education intervention, the BMCA compliance rate increased from 53.3% at no intervention to 72.0% at the end of the 11-month initiative. By the present research, data transparency is directly and positively related to BMCA compliance. Given the advantageous practice of using BMCA to improve patient safety and outcomes in other settings, there is sufficient potential for employing it within ED. A high compliance rate suggests that this education intervention is successful for NPs working in ED and might also be effective in other hospitals. Also, positive feedback was received from participants, which, in part, testifie
Introduction The evolution of technology has seen its application grow in various industries across the world. Being one of the recent inventions, drone technology has gained significant applications in various industries. Logistics is one of the industries that have obtained immense benefits from the use of drone technology. As logistics entails products from producers to consumers, drone technology has improved its operations and activities. Outbound and inbound logistics of major companies, such as Amazon, DHL, and United Parcel Service, utilize drone technology (Aurambout et al., 2019). The major advantages of drone technology in the logistics industry are reduced transport costs, boost consumer satisfaction, fast deliveries, reduced carbon emissions, and expanded networks into remote areas. Currently, the logistics industry is profitable and attractive to many companies globally due to the use of drone technology in improving service delivery to customers. A combination of drones and logistics has revolutionized the way people transport products across the world. This research paper aims to describe drone technology and explain its roles in the logistics industry. Drone Technology Drone technology entails the application of unmanned aerial vehicles in performing numerous tasks ranging from the delivery of products to consumers to security surveillance. Drone technology comprises a wide assortment of technologies that enable the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform its functions. Components of drones employ diverse technologies for them to perform diverse functions. Propeller is one of the key components of drones that allow them to fly by creating a thrust force (Aurambout et al., 2019). Connected to propellers are powerful motors that drive and cause drones to fly. A remote controller is another technology incorporated in a drone to enable users to control its navigation using radio transmissions. A drone has been fitted with sensors in the control board to detect speed, direction, and orientation during flight to ensure accurate control. In each of the numerous rotors, drones have electronic speed controllers involved in regulating speed and ensuring stability. For accurate navigation, drones use the global positioning system (GPS) in sensing preplanned locations, directions, and speed during flight. With enduring battery, drones can fly for hundreds of kilometers to and from their destinations. Drone technology has now become a conventional unmanned aerial vehicle worldwide. Originally, drone technolog
Introduction Australian society today can be considered to be an example of multicultural society. Within this country multiculturalism can be defined in number of ways as an ideology that considers demographic relationships or based on policy (Leuner, 2007). If the ideological perspective is used, the definition of multiculturalism refers to the cultural and ethnic diversity that constitutes society. However, based on public policy multiculturalism can be defined as the official recognition by governments of many different ethnic origins of their present populations, with the intention to protect and assist those who are not members of the founding majority or charter groups (Leuner, 2007). The introduction of multiculturalism in Australian policy came about mainly due to the changing international position of the country’s economy in relation to Asia (Leuner, 2007). This prompted the Australian government to become conscious of the prevailing migration patterns around the world. This became important given that previous policies of assimilation and integration had been found unrealistic and unachievable (Leuner, 2007). It had also been observed that what was most important for successful immigration was the preservation of cultural identity regardless of how different this was from the Australian mainstream. In Australia there have been three distinct phases of multiculturalism namely between late 1972 to 1975, 1975 to 1983 and 1983 to 1991. During the first phase a policy known as the Structured Selection Assessment System was introduced (Leuner, 2007). The introduction of this policy allowed a large number of non white migrants entry into Australia (Leuner, 2007). The fact that most of these immigrants were working class and likely to vote played a major role in their importance to government. During the second phase, the government expressed interest in welfare of migrants, permitted large scale migration from Asia and increased migration targets (Leuner, 2007). The government introduced a modified version of the Canadian points system to assist in selection of immigrants. In the third phase the government increased efforts to ensure access and equity for immigrants. These programs placed special emphasis on learning the English language and provided translators and interpreters, printing political material and advertisement of community welfare programs in community languages. Australian Detention Centers Despite the numerous advances over time in relation to immigrants the Australian authorities have recently come under fire due to policies and practice in relation to immigr
Neoliberalism has had various definitions over the years. It is a word that can be used to describe a set of economic policies which aim to give the private sector control over the economy. Neoliberalism is based on the belief that the private sector is able to govern the economy much more efficiently than the government and produce a healthy economy for the nation. The effects of Neoliberalism are clearly seen in many places in the society. The rich getting richer and the poor grow poorer. In most countries these policies were imposed by big powerful financial institutions and this has led to neoliberalism being very unpopular. (Steger and Roy) Neoliberalism has been promoted by some leaders as a way of trade and investments that will ensure that all the nations in the world develop and gain equally and fai
Introduction In public administration, bureaucracy is one of the concepts that continue to elicit debates among the administrators and government officials, with excessive delays in the government processes being the main questions often discussed. Bureaucracies have not only been debatable in the centralized governments where service delivery relies on the procedures planned and executed within the central systems, but they have also existed in decentralized governments (Pecorella and Stonecash 10). America has one of the heavily decentralized governments, but a few of its organizations seem to grapple with the issues surrounding bureaucracy in decision-making processes. The New York State education department is one of the organizations that have persistently debated about the issues surrounding the existence of bureaucratic arrangements in the issues surrounding policy formulation, budget planning, and resource allocation (Pecorella and Stonecash 7). Following the recent spate of controversies, this essay focuses on examining the New York State budget for educational policies to examine some of the bureaucratic issues surrounding the organization. Rancorous Debates Since 2010 The initial war on fund allocation in the New York State schools began during the era of President Reagan when the government began tampering with the education budget to implement some budget reductions (Rubin 9). However, there have been controversies regarding the manner in which the New York State allocates money to the education department since 2004, although major bureaucratic issues began towards the beginning of 2010 (Rubin 5). In New York’s history, major educational financing reforms began at the beginning of 2010, when the educational system for the New York State embarked on a different system of designing and implementing the school budgets (Rubin 11). When Cuomo took over the governorship and the ultimate control of the New York States affairs, including the educational policies and budget allocation, certain turnarounds occurred. According to Rubin (13), Cuomo has been advocating for an increment of the school budgets but has been oblivious about the present teacher’s evaluation system that seems controllable. Most of the issues that have been persistent in the education department of the New York State have revolved around budget allocation, the assessment of the performance of the teachers, the agendas proposed by the governor, and the individual plight of the students (Pecorella and Stonecash 17). Bureaucratic issues that have affected policy development and administrative reforms in the N.Y. State Budget began since 2010 when Governor Andrew Cuomo and other education departments remained at loggerheads with the teachers concerning budgetary allocation. Pecorella and Stonecash (14) assert that while Governor Andrew Cuomo has been pushing for reforms that would assist in improving the performance of the students, teachers and the expenditures of the schools, several bureaucracies within the two houses of the parliament and several other organizations for the teachers have be
Introduction America’s conclusion to drop the nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima during the war is still an issue of contention among historians. Though many believe that the bombs were necessary to quell and stop the war that had been going on for a long time as well as save the American and Japanese lives. In my opinion, it was not justifiable to use weaponry of such magnitude that for the most part targeted the civilians. This essay argues that it was not acceptable for the United States to target innocent civilians during the war hence the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was not justifiable. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki To begin with, there were other alternatives that the Americans could have used to realize their mission. Surely, the atomic bombing of the two cities could not have been the only way to get the Japanese to surrender. The other ways that the United States could have attempted before dropping the bombs are that; they should have guaranteed the Japanese that their emperor would remain in power as it was so important to them, thus modifying their requirement of unconditioned surrender. This is evidenced by the quotes of people such as Eisenhower who said, “The Japanese were ready to surrender and it wasn’t necessary to hit them with that awful thing.” Additionally, the United States could have carried further conventional bombing of the cities. These alternatives could have probably brought the war to an end (Tremblay). The use of atomic bombs was something that could have been avoided, but instead of using diplomacy to resolve the issues, the American leaders preferred to speedily win the war to impress Russia and the rest of the world with their newly found weapon (Bernstein 142-143). Additionally, they also desired to prove to the American citizens that their taxpayers’ money was well spent. If indeed the Americans wanted to end the war then they should have dropped the bomb once and not twice. The bombings resulted in massive civilian fatal injuries and deaths which were not worth the price (Tremblay). Furthermore, nuclear bombs have far many destructive effects th