ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality (VR) is a computer technology that is used to create simulated digital environments. VR allows users to be immersed inside a digital experience, which has made the technology immensely popular in the movie and gaming industries. There are also promising signs that VR can prove useful in the fields of design, education, and healthcare. Among the many companies that have ventured into the virtual reality industry, Microsoft and Google seem to be the most likely companies to dominate in it. Google’s introduction of the first Daydream headset marked the company’s entry into the virtual reality industry. The company’s original intention was to create VR experiences that would welcome fans, regardless of their familiarity with VR, thus potentially appealing to a broader audience. Since then, the company has experimented with numerous VR experiences, which have revolutionized the way users interact with the content and ensured a stable and diverse customer base. Currently, Google is the leading search engine company, and there are signs that the company might emerge as one of the heavyweights in the virtual reality industry (“The 30 Best VR Companies”). Recently, the company released new models of VR headsets: Google Daydream View and Google Cardboard. Both headsets are specifically made to connect with most smart devices (including Android phones and tablets), and they can easily interact with different applications. Another VR product released by Google is the 360-degree trailer, which automatically leads viewers from a movie trailer to an immersive experience. Google shows no intentions of exiting the VR industry and is considering dropping or replacing some products with better alternatives (“AR & VR Home”). For example, there are reports that the company may stop updating the Daydream view software. Hence, one may safely assume that Google will continue improving and strengthening its positions in this field. Microsoft is another company that has shown consistent interest in the VR industry. This company, unlike Google, has ventured into the Augmented Reality (AR) industry. The 2015 release of Windows Mixed Reality showed Microsoft’s intent to dominate both industries. Introduced as part of the Windows 10 package, the mixed reality platform provides both VR and AR experiences. Microsoft has released numerous third-party devices to support Windows Mixed Reality (“VR & Mixed Reality”). A brilliant example is Microsoft HoloLens, a headset device that supports both practical applications and gaming. With HoloLens, users can interact with third dimension holograms while simultaneously engaging with digital content. While the HoloLens has many comparable features to Google’s VR devices (especially Google glass), it is not designed to move you to a virtual world completely. Instead, you can see digital elements and, at the same time, interact with their physical environment. An open media player on Windows Mixed Reality, for example, might be seen sitting on a chair. Overall, HoloLens comes standard w
Journalism- Assessment There is a complicated relationship between the public relations personnel and journalists. In this essay, I shall be discussing the differences and similarities between the two. Journalists are more concerned with giving information to the people through the media while the public relations personnel are geared towards ensuring good relations between the people and the companies or other sectors. These two professionals seem to have several similarities and differences in the way they communicate to the wider public. The argument in this essay shall be concerned with the common issue between these two professions. Many studies have noted that journalists have a negative attitude towards public relations personnel according to Denis (2001). Journalism and public relations have got very different roles that are interconnected; the big issue here is whether it is possible to separate the two according to the distinctive roles that they play in trying to deliver information to the public. Though the two are different professionals they share several similar characteristics as will be seen in this essay. The major role of journalists is to give relevant and true information to society. Hurst et al (1994) noted that journalists are usually concerned with the interests of the public and that they use the media to communicate to the public but for the public relation officers they usually release information to the public when it is very necessary to do so. They usually have to agree with the management of the organization they are working for. The management has control over the information the public relations officer releases to the public while journalists have the freedom to go against their own employers without minding if they will keep their jobs or not. The major difference between journalists and public relations officers is that journalists are known to work for the general public and are supposed to give information that is true to the public. At the same time, they are expected to give full details without fear minding only about the public’s best interest and not what their employers. On the other hand, public relations officers work for a particular organization and they only work for the interest of this organization without minding the public interest. They work according to their client’s wants and also to meet the client’s goals and objectives. That is why journalist has a negative attitude towards these public relation officers since they seem to be a hindrance to them towards achieving their goal of delivering a quality message to the public. Martin and Hurge (2000) noted that the journalist serves the interest of the general public as a whole. They ensure that the
A community of practice (CoP) is a group of people involved in an activity that leads to the achievement of a common good. Participants of a CoP build ways of carrying out tasks, communication processes, sharing of power, values and views to meet their goals (Ardichvilli, Page and Wentling, 2003, p.64). Shared experiences and commitment to understanding are cited as necessary conditions in the achievement of meaning for a CoP (Wenger, 2000, p.3; Cox, 2005, p.528). Telstra hired CARA interior project Management Company to transform their interior retail layout. For their project team to be considered as a CoP, they fulfilled three processes of CoP which are Domain, Community and Practice. The Project team created a “Domain” through shared interests, commitment to specific objectives or goals. Telstra project team shared common interest involving the redesigning of the retail format of their stores. Participants for this domain were CARA the project manager, Ellis Andy, Robert, Mackenzie, Brendon, Telstra’s interior design analysts, ASOFIA consultants and Master builders. Participants must share a common work, repertoire through a definite work plan in any CoP (Lesser and Storck, 2001, p.832). For this project, a shared work plan was achieved through the fulfilment of project objectives. Often, objectives create a sense of mutual understanding through the engagement in the enterprise’s goal, involvement in duties and association to the environment (Barton and Tursting, 2005, pp.23). The Telstra’s team embraced the project’s objectives, and through the articulation of tacit knowledge, they managed to achieve goals within the defined limits. In theory, CoP meets the second standard through shared work experiences and participants’ identities (Denscombe, 2008, pp.273; Lesser, Fontaine and
First of all, I would like to point out that the basic idea of the novel written by Gloria Anzaldua is the author’s immigrant experience. Generally, the borders the author defines are of particular importance. Thus, she speaks about geographical and cultural differences. Anzaldua determines the border “as a place for misfits, a place, literal and metaphorical for those who are rejected from dominant society. She considers this to be a very violent and traumatic psychic and physical space” (Allegheny.edu, 2012, p. 1). The author wanted to overcome the difficulties of language contact. Orquidea Morales (2007) is of the opinion that Anzaldua “creates her own language to capture her identity. Her writing is highly politicized, intensely personal and eloquently honest ” (p. 17). In her book How to Tame A Wild Tongue, she points out the importance of pride. She specifies that the person is to be proud of the language he or she speaks. Thus, Anzaldua speaks about her own experience. She remembers her teacher’s words: “If you want to be American, speak American. If you don’t like it, go back to Mexico where you belong” (Unr.edu, p. 2947). The thesis statement The author discloses the notion of language identity and the “theory of borderland and mestiza identity as a fuller and richer theory of difference, self, and culture” (Lockhart, 2007, p. 1). Anzaldua discovers the importance of multiple aspects and complexities of people’s identity. The body: Anzaldua’s fight for national identity The most important point I want to highlight is that people didn’t recognize bilingual education, and there were a lot of reasons to reject the second language. Morales (2007) states that “Language has always been a tool used to oppress Chicanas” (p. 28). Anzaldua uses all forms of writing. Tara Lockhart (2007) says that “her particular experience of mestiza identity, her work also shows that the act of writing itself assists individuals in coming to know and express the complexities of identity” (p. 1). For Anzaldua Chicano Spanish is considered to be “a border tongue which developed naturally” (Unr.edu, p. 2948). In other words, she states that “Un lenguaje que corresponde a un modo de vivir. Chicano Spanish is not incorrect, it is a living language” (Unr.edu, p. 2948). In my opinion, it is obvious that the author uses Spanish to express different emotions she feels. Anzaldua uses Spanish, Nahuatl, English to disclose the myth of a monocultural country. “By being Chicana, she accepts her entire heritage not just what is deemed acceptable by white America” (Morales, 2007, p. 13). In other words, Anzaldua wanted to disclose the reality of American nation. The author highlights the fact that Chicanos try to find “a place in American society” (Morales, 2007, p. 19). For this reason, when using Spanish, the author wants the Americans to feel uneasiness and inconvenience
The selection of employees is an important task that implies the identification and the appointment of the right person at the right position. The importance of such selection can be seen through its influence on the organization’s success, considering that employees are established as a capital in the company. The task is not limited to the process of selection, but also continues through developing the employees through training. In order for the task of selection and development to be successful, there are different initiatives that can influence, promote and increase the efficiency of such tasks. Among such initiatives is the field of Industrial/ organizational psychology. This paper analyzes industrial/organizational psychology and its role in employees’ selection and development, providing an analysis of the scientific selection of the employees, based on the analysis of the position of a police officer. The role of industrial/organizational psychology can be outlined through its goal, where it is defined as increasing “the productivity and well-being of employees.” (Aamodt, 2009, p. 4)Having two approaches, i.e. the industrial
Contract Law In today’s business environment, essential details should be considered in the contract negotiation process. This is a normal part of any negotiation process, and the parties should ensure that their decisions are legally right (Arvind, 2017). Sometimes, parties have commercial negotiations and illegitimate pressure, and it is difficult to distinguish between the two. Significantly, economic coercion in a firm can rise from unlawful pressure. Businesses should be aware of the risks they will face before signing any contract. Therefore, before joining any agreement, businesses should be aware of the consequences of their actions. Based on the Legal circumstances, the contract between the Landlord and Friendly Dawg is avoidable to a large extent. To begin with, Friendly Dawg breaches contract agreements by disregarding clear and specific terms of the lease. At first, Lou and Dave’s late father had a signed leasing agreement that portrays the firm as a pet supply store. On the other hand, Dave began selling wild animals afterward, which was not part of the original deal. In an ideal world, the Landlord would have met the implied warranty of habitability of the pledge by maintaining good repairs, but unfortunately, he failed. For a contract to be termed valid, there are essential elements that should be in place. They include capacity, consideration, acceptance, intention, and the offer. To begin with, an offer is a statement that is verbally or written by where the party making an offer signifies preparations to be contractually bond (Smits, 2017). Capacity refers to the standard requirements required before joining a contract. In contrast, acceptance is the expression of mutual consent to a given contract. Ideally, considerations consist of the rights of interest of both parties. The final element, intention, relates to both parties’ willingness to enter into a legally binding contract. In the scenario, an initial deal was made between Lou and Dave’s father, w
Just like citizens’ physical possessions, intellectual property and the results of artistic and brand development endeavors must be protected. In the U.S., the Lanham Trademark Act of 1946 enables trademark owners to prevent the unauthorized use of their brands’ hallmarks. Clear and unambiguous rules regarding the terms and conditions of trademark registration would prevent the abuse of power and inappropriate commercial competition strategies, such as imitating other brands for profit or defamation. This essay explores the Lanham Act’s influences on shaping trademark registration practices. The Lanham Act has been created to minimize the risks of controversial trademark-related situations by limiting opportunities for registration with reference to certain categories of claims. Firstly, trademark registration is prohibited if there are substantial similarities between a new application and already granted trademarks, including company and domain names (Lau & Johnson, 2011). Secondly, the act seeks to prevent the registration of trademarks that do not have well-established secondary meanings and would, therefore, be perceived as names or general descriptions. Specifically, the use of trademarks that are “primary merely a surname” is not allowed unless there is solid evidence that this name and a certain business are synonymous in the mind of the public (Assaf-Zakharov & Herzog, 2019, p. 1089). These restrictions give the pride of place to the uniqueness and public recognition to prevent disputes. Apart from making trademarks’ distinctiveness a priority, the Lanham Act restricts the use of any symbols of national significance, thus promoting ethical conduct in business settings. For instance, trademarks containing the pictures of the U.S. flag or buildings associated with the authorities are strictly prohibited (Lau & Johnson, 2011). At the same time, the elements of flags that have been made up by applicants are acceptable as long as there is no strong resemblance between them and any emblems protected under international agreements (Assaf-Zakharov & Herzog, 2019). Without this rule, there would be trademarks that could suggest inaccurate ideas concerning businesses’ relation to and partnerships with some official bodies, resulting in misinformation. The Lanham Act aims to guard the nation’s perspectives on morality by preventing the registration of trademarks that contain anything perceived as immoral or offensive, but the rule’s constitutionality remains an issue. Under the law’s disparagement clause, any trademarks that may falsely suggest connections with beliefs, institutions, and specific population groups, bringing them into disrepute, are illegal (Cochran, 2019). At the same time, from court practice in the U.S., trademarks that convey positive messages about individuals and groups can be registered, making the message’s communicative goal central to decision-making (Cochran, 2019). The act’s disparagement provision intended to impact all offensive/derogatory trademarks to the same extent. However, in fact, it emphasized the conveyed message as the basis for registration decisions. In t
Inchoate offenses are the actions that assisted in the commission of a crime and are divided into conspiracy, solicitation, and attempt. The liability of these violations is measured by the range of a criminal’s intention instead of their danger to society. Inchoate offenses types’ variation is based on the initial purpose and how it influences the target illegal act. Indeed, conspiracy is an agreement for crime commitment where the actor allows a violation to happen and does not intervene (Rimo, 2021). The attempt contradicts conspiracy as it includes actions as steps performed towards committing the target crime (Rimo, 2021). Solicitation is different from conspiracy and attempt because it is based on an actor’s intention to force another individual to commit a crime (Rimo, 2021). Conspiracy is not merged into the target crime while the other two types are included therein litigation. Inchoate offenses are also different when viewed through the actus reus and men’s rea elements of a crime. As the former is related to physical actions that led to a crime, attempt and solicitation are appropriate to be considered in that intent (Stasi, 2021). Men’s rea addresses the mental element of crime commitment, thus conspiracy and non-physical variation of solicitation are related to that purpose (Stasi, 2021). Inchoate offenses are considerable for the trial and investigation, thus analyzing them through actus reus and men’s rea is essential. In my opinion, conspiracy, attempt, and solicitation must have different levels of classification, based not only on an actor’s intentions but also on their action’s influence on a crime’s seriousness and danger to society. Indeed, solicitation with its indirect nature of commitment can lead to severe violations, and conspiracy can cause worse consequences and involve innocent people (Lee, 2021). Attempt and solicitation should be judged as separate crimes, and all the three inchoate offenses should have higher classification to help prevent serious illegal acts from happening.
The separation of social services from cash assistance was supported by the NASW since it occupied a lot of their time and limited their opportunities to focus on other areas. Social workers also had to perform the roles of both overseers, checking whether their clients adhere to the rules to receive support, and an assistant, providing help to the clients. They had the power to withhold the money, which often led to clients calling them manipulators (Mott 1976). The separation helped social workers concentrate on their primary tasks and areas of expertise and also protected welfare recipients from situations when they were denied their cash by their helpers. At the same time, some poor families experienced certain problems in being underserved since they stopped receiving enough support. While children whose parents intentionally declined supervised social work were often left without much-needed attention from social workers who specialized in providing care for them (Popple 2018). Lyndon B. Johnson famously declared the War on Poverty and initiated the Economic Opportunity Act, which marked a major change in the government’s approach to welfare. The act expanded the number of social programs which were aimed at helping the most vulnerable segments of society to receive a job, education, and healthcare. The reform altered the public perception of welfare, which was now seen as necessary to address the problem of poverty, which began to be viewed as a social evil (Segal 2016). This also inevitably affected the role of social workers and their own views on their profession. It revived the interest of social workers to change the environment of their clients through government assistance, rather than to encourage them to adjust to their difficult life situations (Zastrow 2017). This enabled many workers to become community organizers and advocates of the poor people they worked with to challenge the status quo and bring change.
Being a highly influential and developed region, Saudi Arabia is primarily concerned with cybersecurity as it makes investments into technological boosts and advancements. The vested interest in cybersecurity capacity expansion is closely related to the country’s general economic development, specifically, now, when Saudi Arabia goes towards artificial intelligence technologies and the Internet of Things (IoT) (Johnson et al., 2020; Ani et al., 2016). Undoubtedly, these modern technologies and devices will be efficient, but there is a severe threat to cyber-resilience. As the implementation of these cyber technologies penetrates the economic sector, there is a need to understand potential vulnerability for businesses to be attacked through the Internet and other networks. Therefore, there are still some shortcomings of cyber awareness and questions that remain unanswered. Primarily, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia significantly suffers from daily cyberattacks despite its elaborate protective technologies. As a result of these occurrences, governmental, and private sectors’ critical emergent services are disrupted. They also damage the country’s economic, social, and political stability (Wilner, 2018). In other words, it is termed ‘hacktivism,’ which presupposes the disruption of services (Aleisa et al., 2020). Therefore, these attacks result in information sneaking for espionage intentions and the state’s agenda can be revealed worldwide. Moreover, as a crucial shortcoming of cybersecurity, they cause monetary and trust-based losses. Nearly 56% of Arabian countries had tremendous financial losses. The fact is that about 160,000 cyber-attacks occur daily (SathishKumar & R. Patel, 2015). In addition to this, about 81% of Saudi Arabian businesses use IoT platforms, which can be easily hacked, thus, private information, including fingerprints, addresses, or other personal data can be stolen (Aleisa et al., 2020). As a consequence, the questions concerning increasing cyber awareness and protecting governmental and private businesses arise. As a result of the attacks, initiatives that would reduce the level of cybercrimes should be applied. Firstly, there is a need to upskill IoT, cyber, and data specialists who would be able to resist hackers immediately (Shoemaker et al., 2017). However, there is a need for the government to invest in this initiative to train the professionals. The qualified professionals will be able to devise new algorithms and measures that would help them prepare preemptive measures when there is a cyber-threat. Secondly, it is necessary to assess the security system and its status of a device before its implementation (Al-Janabi & Al-Shourbaji, 2016; Henrie, 2015; Kuppuswamy et al., 2017). People pay more attention to the devices having cybersecurity certificates (Latifi, 2020). Thirdly, conducting security audits and providing professionals with up-to-date threat intelligence systems can reduce the number of cyberattacks. Furthermore, the Kingdom needs to address the social issues that would help to reduce the number of the attacks. To begin with, it would be efficient to safeguard children in digital space to expan