ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The most common injuries that the athletes can meet with during the sports activities are the skin injuries. Nowadays, epidemics of bacterial infections that affect skin take place in amateur and professional sports teams more often. Some skin infections are non-hazardous and can be treated easily, but the others can represent a threat to an infected person’s life. The antibiotic-resistant skin infections are the dangerous ones, and they usually are characterized by the high-level morbidity and in some cases they can even lead to a fatal outcome. Thus, those infections need a special treatment and require the skills of the fast and correct recognition. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is one of the most prevalent in the sports environment, and according to the recent reports, nowadays it frequently requires hospitalization. Sports medicine specialists and physicians need to be aware of the new data related to skin injuries and infections in the athletic community to diagnose accurately, efficiently treat skin diseases, and prevent the infection outbreaks. MRSA: Types, Symptoms, Treatments MRSA is “an isolate of Staphylococcus aureus characterized by antibiotic resistance to penicillins and cephems, including methicillin, oxacillin, and other narrow spectrum β-lactamase resistant penicillin antibiotics” (Diduch et al. 557). MRSA can develop virulently, and in some particularly severe cases the hospitalization is required for a person diagnosed with MRSA. The several cases of death caused by the infection were reported. The potentiality of the fatal outcomes is taken seriously by the public, and currently MRSA infection research gains more attention. Nowadays there are two types of MRSA recognized. In the recent past, MRSA was “traditionally viewed as a hospital pathogen,” but nowadays the infection is frequently met in the other communities, and particularly in group sports, such as football, volleyball, wrestling, rugby, etc. (Winterstein 189). Thus, MRSA can be hospital-associated (HA-MRSA) or community-associated (CA-MRSA). The HA-MRSA’s treatment always was problematic and had many issues. This kind of infection “affects primarily those in hospitals and nursing homes, those with immune disorders, and those with recent antibiotic usage” (Micheli 504). These requirements and conditions are not necessary for CA-MRSA, and it can affect even healthy people. The threat of MRSA is in its virulence and the resistance to several antibiotics. CA-MRSA can be found in the skin lesions caused by many of the known infections, the damage from which is usually mild. “MRSA can be the pathogen involved in many skin conditions,” such as folliculitis, scabies, impetigo, furunculosis and others (Micheli 504). The neglecting of the symptoms and inappropriate treatment can caus
Submitting accurate and fair reports is a key component of ethical accounting practices. However, in the real-world setting accountants are often faced with demands of their superiors to alter the financial information for deceptive purposes. The following paper discusses the ethical concerns of such situations using the example of Mendez Corporation. The two main stakeholders, in this case, are the president of Mendez Corporation, whose suggestion of altering the company’s growth rate poses certain risks to the integrity of its operations, and the controller, who is ultimately responsible for making the decision. It is also reasonable to include the owners of doubtful accounts in the list since their yearly allowance depends on the decision. Finally, the company’s management and employees can be considered involved due to the potential impact the decision may have on the company’s reputation. The president’s request poses a major dilemma for the controller. Two reasons can be identified to substantiate this conclusion. First, the controller is the president’s subordinate and is thus expected to comply with the recommendations. At the same time, the controller is expected to make decisions in accordance with the facts and results of financial analysis. Understandably, disobeying a superior can lead to tensions and, in certain cases, result in a workplace conflict. However, in this case, the compliance will constitute a deviation from the recommended accounting practices. Second, and, perhaps, more importantly, deliberately altering the company’s financial accounts constitutes an example of unethical accounting practices. Most likely, the president’s recommendation is aimed at creating the perception of a convincing sustainable growth trend. In other words, the president intends to use the reported information to attain a more favorable image of the company’s performance (Bhasin, 2016). While such an approach may result in the growth of customer base, this result is essentially achieved through fraudulent means. In the long term, such a decision can lead to a number of adverse effects ranging from the loss of trust on the part of customers to legal action from auditing bodies. Therefore, the controller is recommended to explain the possible negative impact associated with the suggested approach, contact an independent actor in an attempt to resolve the situation or, in the worst case scenario, terminate their employment. In any of the identified scenarios, the ethical dilemma will be resolved. Finally, the Mendez Corporation’s growth rate should pose a concern to the controller in estimating the allowance of doubtful accounts. The estimation of salary is based on specific estimation mechanisms that involve funds already associated with the accounts in question. Including an unrelated variable does not constitute a valid addition to the estimation process and should thus be avoided unless a specific reason is presented by the president (Kimmel, Weygandt, & Kieso, 2015). Admittedly, it is possible to speculate that the rapid growth rate was achieved by lowering the Mendez Corporation’s credit terms, in which case it w
Introduction The new century, a number of socio-economic and environmental issues face humanity owing to the developments in the technology sector. Technology seems to have affected seriously on the life of individuals to an extent of destroying the very survival in society. The level of industrial development has ensured that humanity shifts from traditional ways of production to the modern techniques of production, inspired by technology. Due to agricultural developments, food supply is no longer an issue in most parts of the world. However, humanity is faced with a serious problem concerning improper disposal of waste resulting from economic activities. Due to this, nature has been destroyed meaning that the waters and air is no longer safe. Because of these activities, sustainable development and the survival of humankind are at risk. The new changes show that there has been a major revolution in the way food products are generated. The changes have affected negatively the environment hence causing a conflict between humanity and nature. For there to be sustainable economic development, food production should be improved to comply with the requirements of the environment (Atkinson, Dietz, & Neumayer, 2007). In the mid 20 th century, many countries were able to solve the problems associated with food shortages. The green revolution ensured economies produce enough food. However, the green revolution came in with new challenges, which have complicated the health conditions of many people. The overdependence on commercial techniques and inadequate farming methods have led to soil erosion, reduced, land productivity and soil hardening. The use of harmful chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides have led to the formation of poisonous residues that affect the quality of food produced. Due to these problems, governments have embarked on serious missions to find solutions to these problems. This paper aims at highlighting these problems in detail and suggesting ways through which sustainable development could be achieved in the food area. Ways through which sustainable Development can be achieved in the food area In the US, it is approximated that over twenty five percent of food bought by customers in the restaurants is thrown away. A number of studies have been conducted to establish ways through waste food could be managed. One of the techniques is by tracking the post-consumer waste. Studies indicate that the system of waste management is very effective, particularly in big restaurants. This could be achieved through coming up with an automated scale, as well as tracking programs including Value Waste Tracker device (Mason, & Singer, 2006). The device can easily provide information on regarding the food not consumed by the customer in the restaurant. Furthermore, the device can provide information on the type of food not taken up by consumers. The information provided by the device can be put into effective use. For instance, the restaurant can make changes to its menu to ensure that the food provided is consumed maximally. Additionally, restaurants can as well reduce the quantity of food pack
Introduction Health promotion and support of patients are the two goals of nurses. In the majority of cases, not only patients but also their families are in need of explanations about how to cope with disease-related stress. In the case under analysis, Ali is a 65-year-old man with chronic living disease who, following his religious beliefs, decides to stop dialysis after the second kidney transplant has failed. His family, including a wife and three children, is supportive and agrees with such a decision to remain at home and wait for his eventual death. The patient is worried about the necessity of his family to observe the deterioration of health; thus, the role of a nursing associate cannot be ignored. In this paper, the discussion of chronic disease and anticipatory grief as the main health and wellbeing issues will be developed to underline the worth of non-judgmental care and communication. Health and Wellbeing Issues An understanding of health and wellbeing concepts is significantly challenged when nurses work with patients who know that they could eventually die. According to Naidoo and Wills (2016), health is not only the absence of disease but also a state of physical, mental, and social wellbeing. In Ali’s case, chronic kidney disease influences the quality of his life during the last 20 years. Now, kidney transplantation and dialysis are not options, and his refusal of further treatment signalises about a high possibility of the condition to be worsened with time. In European countries, the rates of chronic kidney disease have been decreased (Naidoo and Wills, 2016). People get access to supportive treatment and operative interventions to stabilise health and prolong life. However, there are also communities where religious beliefs play a crucial role. As it is observed in Ali’s family, Muslims believe that illnesses should be regarded as tests from Allah. According to their faith, death is not the end of life, but a transformation of a spirit and salvation, and chronic disease is not a threat but a challenge. Being one of the critical public health issues, chronic kidney disease affects the lives of millions of people around the globe. Local governments and healthcare facilities focus on the development of cost-effective treatments and practices to support patients and their families, including detection programs, dialysis, and referral guidelines (Neuen et al ., 2017). Still, when a person rejects help because of religious beliefs, no judgments or personal opinions can be given. To be chronically ill means to be ready for regular checkups and evaluations. Not many Muslims find it appropriate to neglect their religion to promote health, and chronic kidney disease may become a serious problem in future. Another wellbeing issue of this case is anticipatory grief among family members. This type of grief is based on the fact that everyone knows that Ali’s disease damages his health, and his death is coming. The feeling that a family will lose a father in the nearest future may result in a variety of emotional traumas and mental health disorders. Ali demonstrates his worries about the necessity to support and
The CIA’s directorate of science and technology was founded on the recommendations of the Dulles committee, the Hoover commission, and the Eberstat committee who analyzed the intelligence programs of CIA and other government agencies in 1948 and found that scientific intelligence was wanting. It has its headquarters in Langley in McLean, Virginia. It is known by various names that include, Langley, the company, and the CIA. However, most of the important research installations are secret and some are hidden underground for security reasons (Richelson 181). The United States government created the first central intelligence agency, the office of strategic services (OSS) during world war one. It was tasked with special operations which included espionage, sabotage, and counterintelligence among many other functions. After the war president Harry Truman disbanded OSS, and its functions taken by the war and states department. This led to the formation of the CIA. The CIA was made more powerful by the National Security Council directive on office of special projects in June 1948 (NSC 10/2) that mandated it to attack hostile elements including states, groups, or individuals secretly to totally absolve the United States in the minds of the public eye from blame. The central intelligence act of 1948 completely legalized the secrecy of the agency and hence it was not answerable to the public domain. The military arms of the government and the CIA had almost the same mandate because they complemented each other and sometimes it led to disagreements as in the case when the CIA put a stop to the Air Force attempt to take over a project they had initially rejected (Richelson 15) In 1953, the CIA under Allen W. Dulles became highly innovative and many scientific breakthroughs were made through his directorship. One area he succeeded was scientific intelligence gathering. It required extensive research to develop advanced technology and the CIA was mandated to come up with the technology to collect intelligence, analyze it, and come up with fail proof strategies to safe guard the American people and their soil. This resulted in the creation of the deputy directorate of research in 1962, which evolved to the deputy directorate of science and technology in 1963 later renamed the directorate of science and technology in 1965. Under Dulles, the most celebrated spy satellites, the U-2, A-12 and the Berlin tunnel were successfully built (Richelson 94). This was a major advancement in the espionage and signals intelligence as it gave the US the capability to analyze foreign countries weaponry. With these technologies, USA was able to spy on foreign countries including those viewed as hostile and aggressive towards it and hence it could be able to strategically create a defense system in response to the threats against it. Intelligence gathered could prevent costly and sometimes fatal missions to gather information that was previously done by trained soldiers
The movie cube is about a group of five people who feel trapped inside a cube, and they are expected to determine their way out of it. These people are all strangers to each other. Their different characters and personalities make it difficult to find out how they can get out of the cube. The movie is made up of several characters which includes; Leaven, great mathematician, but she fails to recognize that five is not a prime number. Worth is an architect, and one of the people who came up with the cube. Kazan, on the other hand, is an autistic launch while Holloway is a doctor. Quentin is a policeman with difficult character traits of anger and established unfairness. He believes that everyone else is to blame for this situation apart from himself. According to Nietzsche’s ideas, there are no facts in life, only interpretations exist. This film proves Nietzsche’s ideas especially when Quentin is concerned. He has his own interpretations of each and every condition and people in the cube. One of the interpretations he makes is that, he is the only person who is not to blame for their condition of being trapped in the cube. His interpretation of self is that, he is not capable of making mistakes. This contributes more to the difficulty of leaving the cube since they are supposed to cooperate if they are to find a way out. He believes he is always right and ends up using a lot of force to get things done also in trying to prove that he is right. He is the one suspecting everyone and in the end, he becomes the cause of death to all of them except Kazan. His interpretation of others is a little more affirmative since he comes up with the idea that each of them has a role to play in the cube if they are to get out of it safely. He believes that their different professions and personalities is what they all need to solve the mystery they are in. These people can be considered to be living in a small community where they have to coexist to make living possible for all of them. The Will to power which is the most important driving force in a person who looks forward towards achieving greater positions in life is exhibited in the character of Quentin. His interpretation of self as a perfect being is an example of his will to power and so is the interpretation of others as having the capacity to solve the issue at hand only when they cooperate. Metaphysical comfort is reflected in these interpretations as well. Existing with complete strangers in such a complicated situation required that they tr
Because he had arranged an insightful foundation on how an American framework of society can be fashioned by operational theories in which people can live by and prosper together, Richard Rorty has been dubbed as “America’s greatest living philosopher” (Degregori, 1999). In one of his landmark books entitled Achieving Our Country , he developed his views about the self, the difference between public and private life, social solidarity, democratic culture, and leftist politics. One would never fail to see his interest in these topics as merely working out the consequences of his anti-foundationalist epistemology for other areas of philosophy. In this book, Rorty focused on just one aspect of the cultural and intellectual transformation of the American society as he figures the story of the disintegration of “the old alliance between the intellectuals and the unions” that resulted in the entry of “leftists in the academy” in the “cultural politics to supplant real politics”. At the start of this book, Rorty encapsulated different themes to concretize his views in terms of the promises and failures of American culture. At the beginning of his book, Rorty immediately observed that: National pride is to countries what self-respect is to individuals: a necessary condition for self-improvement. Too much national pride can produce bellicosity and imperialism, just as excessive self-respect can produce arrogance. Bu
Introduction Although children have similar growth and development patterns, different parents across the world employ different parenting styles due to differences in cultural beliefs, values, and practices. Differences in cultural beliefs, values, and practices are responsible for cross-cultural differences in parenting styles that significantly influence how children grow and develop in various societal environments. Across the globe, children usually receive parental care from parents, family members, friends, neighbors and caregivers, who have a significant impact on the lives of children. Given that family is the basic unity of society, parenting styles impose cultural factors of the society onto children. Keller, Voelker, and Yovsi (2005) argue that, across the globe, parents have specified beliefs and practices of parenting based on ethno-theories that elucidate parenting, nature of children, and their development into mature adults (p.158). Hence, ethno-theories of parenting are responsible for different in styles of parenting across all cultures in the globe. Thus, the existence of different races and ethnicities across the world implies that, parents employ different styles of parenting, or children experience varied styles of parenting according to cultural beliefs, values, and practices. Problem Statement Style of parenting is critical in determining growth and development of children. Given that parenting styles that parents employ in rearing their children particularly at their ages of early childhood have a significant impact on growth and development, it is critical for parents to employ appropriate parenting style. Although children virtually undergo the same process of growth and development, parenting styles across the world are not similar because parents have different beliefs, values, and practices that depend on their cultural background. Therefore, it means that cultural beliefs, values, and practices considerably influence parenting styles and consequently determine growth and development of children in various cultures across the world. Objective of the Study The objective of the study is to establish if different parental styles exist in American society due to influences diverse cultural backgrounds of parents. Given that American society is truly cosmopolitan, the study seeks to establish if African, Israel, Russian, and French families that live in United States employ same parenting styles. To achieve its objective, the study will explore the sizes of different families, in terms of numbers of children and existence of other members, in case of extended families. Moreover, the study will examine responsibility of parents, family members, and caregivers in rearing children during their childho