ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Google Company has emerged as one of the most popular companies in the 21 st century. It is a global technology company that focuses on improving the generation and sharing of information in the world. Advertising is the largest contributor to the money generated by the organisation. By 2011, the company’s core business was primarily based on such areas as advertising, internet searching, internet operating systems, and online enterprise. The company has adopted various strategies and programs in efforts to promote its products in a competitive global
In comparing and contrasting the two pandemic situations, Typhoid and COVID-19 virus, the two individuals, Typhoid Mary and Novak Djokovic, were both said to be exposed to the above illnesses. In an attempt to quickly respond to the public health concern of the two victims, the public health departments conducted their brief studies. In both situations, a test was conducted on two persons. The exposure and outcomes of typhoid and coronavirus had occurred in the examination, and a retrospective cohort study was used in both cases (CareerOneStop, 2017). The difference, in this case, is that Mary was infected with typhoid while Novak contracted the coronavirus, and also Mary was a carrier, but Novak was not. According to the two articles, the investigations of the diseases were conducted in groups, such as families. The tennis champion, Djokovic, had become the fourth player to test positive for COVID-19, while Mary had tested positive for typhoid (Natesan, 2020). In Mary’s case, one could see the wealthy family of the banker Charles, including one of his daughters and his wife, where Mary worked as a cook, contracting typhoid fever. Djokovic’s wife was also confirmed to be positive for coronavirus, similar to Mary’s case, where many of her associates had tested positive. Thus, the similarity here is that, in both incidences, the families of these victims were affected as a result. Additionally, for Novak, three other tennis players participating in the competitions at Adria tour had already tested positive for COVID-19. In Mary’s situation, when she worked for the Warrens, two house-keepers and a gardener were infected with typhoid (Weird History, 2020). T
The problems of colonialism are generally thought to have not been recognized in earlier times and are thus considered to be only recently discovered. However, there are many texts, both in fiction and non-fiction, that indicate the problems of colonialism were widely recognized and ignored in the face of tremendous profits and the ability to suppress. These texts reveal the inconsistencies of colonialism and its tendency to place the colonized people, regardless of their own values, abilities, and talents, at a somehow sub-human status as if they were naturally intended to serve the desires and greed of the white people who came to rule over them. Understanding colonialism from the perspective of the ‘dominant’ white man in the colonized country as in Orson Wells’ story “Shooting an Elephant” (1936) reveals how colonialism didn’t necessarily bring about the sense of superiority and greatness expected for the individual white man living in that country. At the same time, Wells structures this story as a journey story. Journey stories are usually some form of coming-of-age ritual in which the main character learns something significant about himself as a result of some physical journey he’s undertaken. While he doesn’t take any lengthy journeys outside of his familiar region, the narrator of “Shooting an Elephant” relates an inciden
One essential topic from the course that can be discussed as an essential contributor to my professional development is nursing leadership. The main reason why I see it as pivotal to my growth and various improvements is the increasing level of motivation that can be achieved only with the help of strong leadership. As per McCay et al. (2018), for example, a work environment where leadership is in place may be a perfect setting for transmitting knowledge and abilities while also exchanging valuable information and paying more attention to patient outcomes. In a sense, the vision established by a nursing leader is the missing link required for the provision of high-quality care. On the other hand, I see that proper nursing leadership may also play a significant role in improving interpersonal relationships among staff members and pave the way for constructive, consecutive feedback. I believe that nursing leadership is a crucial topic of discussion because it also revolves around patient safety and the ability of practitioners to engage in a dialog instead of establishing mere one-way communication with individuals looking for help. Even though it may be rather challenging to keep up with the pace of contemporary improvements in different fields, including healthcare, leadership should remain a priority. It might give employees a better understanding of their tasks and responsibilities (Murray et al., 2018). The roles of nurses are changing depending on the situation within the work environment, so it is crucial to prepare the team for such instant transformation through the interface of leadership. A safer workplace and a nonviolent care environment can be facilitated via leadership practices, with enough attention being paid to interdisciplinary obstacles affecting both nurses and patients.
Introduction This essay aims to compare and contrast the research methods used in two research papers related to a similar topic and the chosen topic is “relationship between economic growth and poverty.” Both the papers have different methodologies of research one using quantitative and the other using qualitative. The basic difference between quantitative and qualitative research is of the structure and data analysis since quantitative analyses the data statistically and qualitative is unstructured so it analyses data non-statistically. Overview of the papers The paper by Bigsten et al studies poverty growth and reduction in Ethiopia. On the other hand, the other paper is focused on counting the poor people in the world through household panel surveys. The paper on poverty in Ethiopia has used quantitative research method so the data has been quantified and the results derived accordingly plus a large number of case representatives have been used thus a large sample has been used, the data collection is structured and the analysis of the data has been done using statistic methods. There are recommendations as well. This paper studies the effects of growth in poverty in Ethiopia and the data used to analyze the research topic has been taken from panel data taken for the period 1994-1997. This period has been taken because it was prominent for a recovery of the economy and good macroeconomic management by the Ethiopian government. The analysis shows the determinants or other factors that have a greater impact on poverty compared to growth and these include ownership of land, education statistics, and the kinds of crops that have been planted, the types of occupations in the urban areas, dependency ratio, and location. The part of the population that remained poor during this recovery period has also been analyzed. Possible solutions to analyze the data have been discussed and the problems related to the proposed solutions have also been included. The rural area has also been studied with the initialization of export crops and the effect of this growth perspective on poverty. Trade played an important part in recovering the economy and globalization was the foundation. Since the 1960’s the world was pretty conservative and it was the anti-globalization scheme that brought globalization into existence. The world was restricted with trade barriers and capital movements were not allowed. But the significant elements rebelled and globalization came into being which catapulted the entire world into one single place and the world was integrated to be one. The current global economy has gone through major changes in trends and growth patterns. Demand, consumption patterns, regulatory environment changes, and changes in global trade are all included in the changing trends in the economy. In this world of uncertainties, problems occur and solutions
From the case study analysis, Executive A can be described as a level 5 type of a leader. Collins (2001) argued that level 5 type of leader is one who channels his or her ego needs away for the benefit of the company and in building the ultimate goal of the company. The leader blends personal humility with professional will, which are the two attributed critical elements in leadership of an organization. In fact, Executive A encourages employees to work in the interest of the organization. Collins (2001) also adds that a level 5 type of leader is ambitious and would do anything to see the company succeed. This type of leader wants a company to succeed whether he is around or not by everyone being responsible for his or her own actions. Executive A also accepts responsibility and takes charge when he commits a mistake as he develops strong leaders through role play in the company. His behaviour is ideal for establishing growth in an organization. The case study reveals that there were hefty losses in the company and its stock had gone done to $23 a share. During Executive A’s tenure, there was a change and the share rose by 105%. This time, the company revealed a huge profit after Executive A became CEO. He is also noted that he gives credit for the company’s success to other leaders in the organization showing how much he trusts and develops other leaders. Leader B in this case can be described as a transactional type of leader. Transactional leaders have been given diverse definitions by scholars as they apply them in different contexts. However, the most outstanding definition is by Oshagbemi & Ocholi (2006) who argued that this type of leadership depends on rewards and punishments for a company’s success. The leader stipulates or creates clear st
Daniel Castro the author of this article is a Senior Analyst with Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Castro Has done a lot of research in areas such as information accessibility, e-government, e-commerce, health IT, electronic voting among others. Working in the government agencies like Federal Insurance Corporation, Security and Exchange Commission has gained him so much experience. Through the article The Right to Privacy is Not a Right to Facebook Castro tries to explore the issue of online privacy by focusing on a Facebook company that recently came up with new privacy policies. The article answers two fundamental questions; does Facebook have the right to use private information to deliver services and products to customers and whether any other has the right to do this? New applications introduced by Google and Facebook should not be interpreted as a way of exposing personal private information but instead one should see it as a way of enhancing service delivery. Privacy policies are very clear because they stipulate what an organization is supposed to do with an individual’s personal data. If an organization deviates from such agreements then it must be held liable but one must prove beyond reasonable doubt that Facebook has violated the stipulated privacy policies before accusing it. Some people argue that the government needs to regulate the use of personal information that most customers do not read them. Facebook has never coerced anyone to agree to its privacy policies rather it gives everyone freedom to read and make a personal decision and so even the government would not be justified to interfere with the business of a private entity. According to Mark Zuckerberg Facebook CEO, social media should move from the traditional way of doing business and embrace openness. Facebook always responds to public pressure and that is why it always modifies its privacy settings to meet the demands of its users. The few people who feel that the company is unfair in imposing some privacy policies should feel free to choose other forms of social media that they are comfortable with (Castro, 2010). Castro discourages the idea of some powerful persons in a government like the senators and cabinet ministers from interfering with Facebook and its affiliate companies. When Coca-Cola decided to introduce coke into the market nobody reacted as it is with Facebook. It is very wrong for people to act as if the privacy policies introduced by Facebook is a national Emergency with others protesting to close their profiles. The interests of the majority must be protected at all cost. On the other hand every business entity must understand that the citizens have a right to privacy of their electronic data. The government also has the responsibility of taking the legislative and oversight action in order to safeguard the rights of its citizens. Electronic Communications and Privacy Act must be respected by all parties involved with online data (Castro, 2010). Social
Historical Background and Aspects of Japanese Culture that Are Portrayed This takes a story line that is written in 12 chapters of which each discusses a certain issue in an interesting manner. It discusses the stories of 12th century and the main focus is the transition of Chinese and the Japanese. The setting of the story portrays the Japanese as people with honor, deceit, and brave. It is a war set book that gives the tale of decline and tragic downfall of Taira clan, which according to the standards of the time was a mighty clan during the fateful five years after 1180. There were also individuals that did not have these characters but there were mechanism that was set to discipline them. This is the initial stage that the belief of the Japanese (of being brave and adventurous) is portrayed. Taira had risen as a result of great leadership of Kiyomori after the Hogen and Heiji disturbances. This portrays the value that the Japanese had placed on their leader. He is seen to be the most successful leader and after the success he aimed at dominating other clans politically. This is the greed of power that has existed in the country even today. After gaining power, there was a lot of concentration in art, a feature that have prevailed even presently, this however made the leader to forget about the warriors. They were (after two decades) defeated and the clan failed. In the story there is a direct reinforcing of a Japanese notion that everything has an end however long it seems to stay, there comes a day and it comes to an end. The story also reinforces the Buddhist notion of karma. This is when they portray that everybody is haunted by the sins that he committed yesterday. However prosperous he may be, he eventually will have to regret the ills that he did. This is portrayed where before killings soldiers are supposed to seek for divine intervention. The religion and the belief of superstitions are portrayed in the story. There is the belief that there is a super power that exist in the universe that human beings are mandated to respect. The sense of humor that is portrayed in the book is a model of the normal life that the Japanese existence generally has [1] . The Image of the Area as Well as the Authority Setting The story line is centered in the life of a clan called the Taira that had emerged to great heights after a good leadership. During that time the society lived as clans and the clan that dominated in the area was the one that ruled the others. This is through the wars that they had in the time. There were various ambushes that each clan made to the other. After an attack had been done the victorious people would move with properties that they were able to carry from the other clan [2] . The chiefdom of the area was hereditary; a son could take over from the father. There was a council that was supposed to assist the chief in making various decisions in the kingdom. A victo
PEN-3 Model The PEN-3 Model was originally developed as a useful framework for health education and disease prevention in African countries. There are three interrelated and interdependent dimensions of health beliefs and behaviors embedded in this model. They are:  1. Health education,  2. Educational diagnosis of health behavior and  3. Cultural appropriateness of health behavior. “P” stands for ‘Person’ implying that there should be empowerment for the individuals to make informed decisions signifying their roles in the families; “E” denotes ‘Extended family’. This means that the health education should cover not only the individuals but also the whole extended family; and “N” stands for ‘Neighborhood’ implying that the health education should protect the neighborhoods and communities (Missisipi State University, 2001). Perceptions There are three different factors covered under the second dimension of educational diagnosis of the health behavior. They are:  1. perceptions,  2. enablers and  3. nurturers. Perceptions are the knowledge, attitude, values and beliefs, which may aid or hamper the personal motivation to maintain or change the health beliefs and/or practices. Two examples of perceptions may be provided in   * obesity may not necessarily associated with a negative body image for many Hispanic or African Americans and   * getting pregnant in the teenage is preferred among the African Americans. In these cases, it is important that appropriate health education interventions start with the perceived needs and desires. Such health education need not take into account the real needs as defined by the planners. Positive, negative or existential attitudes or aspects may characterize the perceptions. Positive perceptions may result in an individual, family or community is accustomed to health practices contributing to improved health status. It is essential that these practices must be encouraged to develop good health among the communities and individuals. Such positive perceptions resulting in good health practices are
Type of Clinical Trial The study is a treatment trial aimed at designing the correct dose of GSK1120212. Purpose of Study The trial is aimed at determining the dosage and regimen for MEK inhibitor that should be mixed with everolimus in order to be administered to a patient with solid tumors. Further trial is to be done for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer using the same regimen and inhibitor. In addition, people with mutant non-small lung cancer are also to be incorporated in the trial. The main purpose is treatment of cancer by determining the correct dosage. Who Are the Sponsors? The trial is sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. What Phase is the Clinical Trial Presently in? The project is in phase IB II with the aim being investigation of safety of MEK inhibitor. It was started in August 6, 2009 and it is expected to be complete by September 2011. What type of study was used? This is a non-randomized study method. Who are the participants? The participants are divided into three groups. The first group comprises of about thirty people with solid tumor. The second group involves about twenty people with pancreatic cancer while the last is a group of about forty people who have lung cancer. All the participants are to be given a dose of GSK1120212 mixed with everolimus. The quantity of drug administered is to be escalated until a recommended dose is identified ( United States National Institute of Health 1). How Are They Solicited? The participants were recruited on pure voluntary basis and they were expected to continue with the study up to the final stage. However, any person is free to withdraw from the trial anytime. Criteria for Inclusion in the Trial For a participant to be included in the trial, he or she should satisfy the following criteria:  1. He/she should be above eighteen years of age and capable of swallowing oral medication.  2. Should be able to consent by signing a form with requirements and limitations for the trial.  3. One should meet the satisfactory organ system function, meaning all the body organs should be functioning well.  4. Female participants should not have a child bearing potential and if they have, they should be ready to use contraceptives described by the protocol.  5. One should meet the tumor criteria enlisted here.  6. Male participants should agree to use contraceptives described in the protocol.  7. The participants’ fasting glucose should be less than 126mg/dL. Exclusion Criteria People with the following condition may be excluded from the study:  1. Malignancies associated with HIV or organ transplant  2. Brain tumors  3. Currently using anticoagulants, especially if it is within seven days before the GSK1120212 dose is administered  4. Allergic to any component of the drug  5. History of treatment with mTOR inhibitor  6. Gastrointestinal infections that may interfere with the absorption
Taiwan has had a long way of development of its national identity. It is possible to identify a number of stages: desinicization, Japanization and re-sinicization. Two regimes, colonial and the KMT rule had the most profound effect on development of the national identity in the country. Special attention should be paid to the two regimes and their impact on development of the state. Notably, Taiwan nationals managed to gain certain power during (or rather at the end) of both regimes. Importantly, the two regimes had a different impact on further political development of the state and national identity of the people. For instance, colonial rule only partially empowered some local people whereas the KMT rule resulted in a complete political representation of local people from all parts of the state. This can be regarded as a certain reaction to previously imposed administrative methods. This ‘nationalization’ enabled the Taiwanese to start developing their national identity and their integrated community. At this point, it is necessary to state that the process took place during a highly centralized one party-state rule. Therefore, the national development was largely affected by principles and the vision of the party. Thus, Taiwanese people had to build their state after years of the rule of the Chinese administration that was quite loose; the years of Japanese rule that imposed certain regulations for the colony to follow, highly centralized rule of the Nationalist party. It is necessary to note that these influences still persist in the country. More so, after the elections of 2000, the Taiwanese have a chance to develop their national identity without the need to adjust it to political needs of one party. However, this development will still be influenced by the Chinese nationalism, which will find its way through media (as Chinese media dominate in the region) as well as business ties. Lots of Chinese immigrants are often eager to use their ways and the Taiwanese entrepreneurs accept such rules of the play. Besides, many pf such approaches and ‘rules’ have already proved to be effective and there is no need in creating new ones. It is necessary to note that the article unveils some peculiarities of development of the national identity in Taiwan. The impact of two regimes is impossible to overestimate. The modern country still holds some traits of the two regimes. Importantly, alienation from power of locals as well as centralized power in the one party state made the Taiwanese more conscious about their identity. The imposed regulations and conventions