ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Love is a feeling of strong emotional attachment towards another person who may be a friend or a relative. In popular culture love is the emotional feeling of attachment and affection that is extended to people who are of the opposite sex and it involves such words as girlfriend, boyfriend or fiancée. Love is connected to interpersonal relationships and this kind of love mainly exists between couples, family members and friends. This kind of love is also associated with some psychological disorders such as erotomania. In history, religion and philosophy have been key in speculating the phenomenon related to love and relationships. In modern times, psychology scientists have written a lot of materials that are accrued to the subject of love. There is a ranging debate if there is the existence of true love or it is just a facade brought about by social necessities to keep the society in order. The science of psychology has defined love as a social cognitive phenomenon that is based on intimacy, passion and commitment (Corneau, p. 187). Intimacy can be described as a mode of which two people share personal issues and confidences with each other and can be explicit in describing personal details of their lives. This is usually depicted in friendships and romantic love affairs. Commitment is the expectation that is expected between two lovers that the relationships should rust and should successfully pass all trials and temptations that might come the relationship’s way. Another form of love is the passionate love that is detailed as mainly concerning sexual attraction. This is the most common form of love in the world today and is expressed by psychologists as infatuation or romantic love. All forms of love that exist in the world are viewed to be based on the three phenomenons and it can be one or a combination of two or three components of love (Fine, p. 196). True love In modern times, there is the expectation that every body who is psychologically normal should have a relationship based on love. However, there is a wide misunderstanding of this concept because many people have mistaken other forms of feelings to being feelings of love. A true love should not necessarily involve intimacy and passion but a strong basis for a true love relationship should be commitment. There are multitudes of people who are convinced that they are in love only for them to realize later that they were mistaken and that in fact they cannot live with the other party. Unfortunately for some, this realization is too late and hence there has been created social chaos in the name of love and some relationships have ended up in the most unfortunate way ranging from divorce to murder (Corneau, p. 254). People who are truly in love should first and foremost understand each other. This is because when people start a relationship that they intend to last forever, they must cultivate a culture of understanding for each other. It is true that nobody is perfect and this is the mistake many couples make when they start a relationship. They mistake their spouses to be the pe
Executive Summary The current research project dwells on the development of the technology that is expected to mitigate the adverse effects of certain ear ailments. One of these problems relates to the Eustachian tube and will be discussed within the framework of the introduction of this paper. The researchers will provide the reader with an extensive description of the disease and propose a technology that is going to help those in need. The innovation that is proposed by the innovators revolves around specific software that will be used to determine the behavior of muscles that surround the Eustachian tube. The researchers believe that the implementation of this muscle re-educational stimulator is going to help patients with reduced hearing by means of stimulating lavatory and tensor muscles. The end result of the development will be highlighted by a specific app that will be used to keep track of the patient’s condition and send timely reminders. In turn, the received data will be stored on secure remote (cloud) servers so as to ensure safety and prevent the loss of any sensitive data. The researchers expect to expose the global market to the use of this particular technology so that they can help every patient with hearing problems all around the world. A unique business strategy will be developed to market the product and accomplish a set of business objectives. Overall, the current research project can be evaluated as beneficial and should be looked upon as a perfect possibility to improve the current state of affairs in health care sector by means of analyzing, synthesizing, and implementing the most advanced information technologies known to humanity. The core objective of this project is to introduce patients to the new ways of coping with their Eustachian tube disorder and reducing computer illiteracy. Introduction and Problem Statement The problem of this research project consists in the fact that numerous people suffer from issues with their ears and this particular area of research significantly lacks in depth. This is why the researchers decided to investigate the issues that transpire during the process of the Eustachian tube treatment and come up with a method to mitigate the adverse consequences of this particular ailment. In order to realize “what” and “why” is proposed within the framework of this research project, one will have to get acquainted with the basic concepts related to the Eustachian tube and its functions first. The Eustachian tube plays a very important role because it ventilates the space in the middle ear area in order to stabilize the pressure and make sure it does not fall below or go above the norm. Another way in which the Eustachian tube is useful to human organism is its “cleaning” function. It helps to drain the middle ear space from different infections, remains, or secretions (Dornhoffer, Leuwer, Schwager, & Wenzel, 2014). The Eustachian tube is controlled (opened and closed) by a number of muscles that can be located in the back of the t
Introduction Wal-Mart is a leading multinational company from the United States. The leading retail company experienced growth since its establishments, which resulted in presence in more than 15 countries across the globe (Czinkota & Ronkainen, 2012). The successful expansion of Wal-Mart in the domestic and international market is mainly down to the cost leadership strategy that enables saving of customers’ money through discounted products. Although the company experienced constant expansion of global markets, there have been instances of failure, particularly in Germany, Japan and Korea. The success and failure of the company in some markets require an analysis of the company’s strategies to identify areas of weaknesses and recommend strategies for success. Cultural problems encountered in various markets entered In expansion into various international markets such as Japan, Germany and South Korea, Wal-Mart experienced cultural challenges, which compromised success in the new markets. For instance, in Germany problems with management culture and failure to understand the local culture resulted in the company’s failure. For example relationship with employees was not appropriate, as the company treated German employees like American employees, which resulted in annoyance and low morale. The company violated on ethical codes with their spying on employees proving unacceptable among Germans (Ivey Publishing, 2013). The tendency to disregard employee feedback many employees feel ignored and they became apathetic about the company. The company failed to understand the local culture and buying behavior of Germans, which meant inadequate responsiveness to market needs. Wal-Mart has an arrangement that results in mu
Ghalan is a 32-year-old male of African American origin, and it seems that he suffers from a depressive disorder. According to DSM-5, the complete diagnosis is F32.1 Major Depressive Episode, single, moderate, and with mixed features (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The rationale behind making this diagnosis is that Ghalan has a depressed mood, sadness, decreased concentration, passive suicidal ideation, creativeness, irritability, and others. A more detailed explanation of how the client’s symptoms and the mental health issue’s signs match will be presented below. Furthermore, it is reasonable to comment on additional conditions that can be a focus of clinical attention. Thus, Ghalan can be affected by Z62.820 Parent-Child Relational Problem and Z56.9 Other Problem Related to Employment (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). All these details can result in the fact that the patient under consideration has a mental health issue. Now, it is reasonable to explain what patient’s symptoms allowed for making the diagnosis above. Firstly, Ghalan reports being sad, having depressive moods, and decreased concentration. These are the general symptoms of a Major Depressive Disorder according to DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Secondly, Morrison (2014) admits that the loss of interest and sleep issues are also symptoms of the condition above. Ghalan stipulates that she has problems sleeping, while his sister indicates that the patient liked playing softball, reading, and watching football but has less interest in these activities now. Finally, thoughts of death and suicide ideation can also demonstrate that a person suffers from a depressive disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Ghalan and his sister admit that he had passive suicide ideations some time ago. This information demonstrates that Ghalan’s condition is moderate because he has some episodes without the adverse symptoms, but it is challenging to mention that these signs are entirely manageable. A specific measurement instrument can be proposed to ensure that the diagnosis is correct and to assess treatment outcomes. According to Jain et al. (2017), the Clinically Useful Depression Outcome Scale (CUDOS) can be suitable. This instrument consists of 18 items that are designed to measure how a person assesses their own condition. In particular, the tool attempts to measure the person’s level of sadness, interest in everyday activities, appetite, sleep quality, physical state, concentrating issues, and others. This instrument is suitable to make a diagnosis while applying it i
Introduction Philips Wheatley’s “On Being Brought from Africa to America” is an autobiographic poem describing the poet’s experience being enslaved and brought to the American colonies in the second half of the eighteenth century. Born in the 1750s in Gambia, Africa, Wheatley was captured by slave traders and brought to America as a young girl. After arriving, she was sold to the Wheatley family in Boston, Massachusetts. Her slaveowners educated Philips, and within one and a half years of her arrival to the country, she could read the Bible, classic British literature, and Latin and Greek works. She also engaged in geography and astronomy, and at fourteen, she published her very first poem in 1767. Wheatley was the very first woman of African American descent to publish a poetry book and argued that all individuals, despite their race, can find salvation through Christianity. Particular success was brought to Wheatley by her publication of “An Elegiac Poem, on the Death of the Celebrated Divine George Whitefield” in 1770. Thus, by looking further into the ideas of humanity and salvation that lie at the core of Christian doctrines, the author powerfully challenges racism in America and shows pride in her ethnicity. Key Theme The theme of the poem focuses on the author being taken from her non-Christian homeland as an act of mercy and the gift of a religion: “T’was mercy brought me from my Pagan land” (Wheatley, 2021, para. 1). Although slavery was horrific, it allowed her to learn about Christianity and redemption through Jesus Christ: “Taught my benighted soul to understand That there’s God, and there’s a Savior too: Once I redemption neither sought nor knew” (Wheatley, 2021, para. 1). The religion was something that was previously known to her, and it was unlikely that she would ever seek it out on her own. It is notable that the speaker then addresses the issue of white people looking down on African Americans and viewing their skin tone as the devil’s sign: “Some view our sable race with scornful eye, ‘Their color is a diabolic dye’” (Wheatley, 2021, para. 1). However, the author reminds their readers that African Americans, whose skin was as dark as Cain’s, also have the opportunity to redeem themselves and reach salvation through Christianity: “Remember, Christians, Negros, black as Cain, May be refin’d, and join th’ angelic train” (Wheatley, 2021, para. 1). Thus, the poem does not consider the process of enslavement per se, even though the author was shown to be critical of the practice but did not fight it precisely because it was commonplace in her lifetime. Analysis Following the plot of the poem, it is notable that the speaker in “On Being Brough
Student years are often associated with a great deal of pressure on the learners many of whom tend to experience elevated levels of stress and anxiety related to their academic performance and high demands of the educational institutions and their communities. The students are pressured to be excellent athletes, have perfect academic records, and also act as if their achievements do not require much effort. In the article posted in New York Times in 2015, Julie Scelfo argues that due to the extremely high standards practiced in the communities of different prestigious educational institutions in the United States, many students tend to break down under pressure and commit suicides. In the United States, the rate of suicides among students is rather high. To be more precise, according to the data provided by Emory University, about one thousand suicides are committed on the territories of the college and university campuses annually (par. 1). In fact, the research pointed out that suicide is recognized as the third leading cause of death among the teenagers over 15 years old and young adults of 24 and younger (Emory University par. 1). As a result, it is possible to conclude that college and university students are put in the conditions and environments that push them towards the decisions to end their lives. The high levels of pressure experienced by the students are proved by the reports of the American Psychosocial Association; they point out that at least one-third of all students of universities and colleges suffer from severe depressions restricting their daily functions and academic performance for at least one year during their education periods (Novotney 36). As a result of their overwhelming levels of anxiety and depression, 30% of the students looking for the help of counselors report having thoughts about or having attempted suicides (Novotney 36). Finally, dealing with the emotional pressure, the high academic standards, and a multitude of tasks and issues, the students are also expected to demonstrate what is known as “effortless perfection” (Yao par. 3). In other words, the students are forced to put up fake exteriors and look hap
The employer’s impression towards an employee determines their level of involvement in their place of work. For instance the needs assessed by the employer for training or refreshing the skills of the employee give the impression on goals attainment and duty-of-care by the employer. The paradigms of the responsibilities of the employer to the employee have shifted severally. Ancient Greeks viewed work as God’s punishment; Benedictine Monks labour-intensive work-scale line-of-thinking; 18 th century Protestant work ethic and the recent view of work as a fulfilment of an individual’s life. The exemplary case of Malden Mills Factory fire and the management welfare-scheme in 1995 typified that both the employer and employee are entitled to economic prospects and continuity. Employer-Employee-Contract was a 21 st Century reality the employer had to embrace as part of the evolving stakeholder relationship and mutual benefit. There exists a psychological contract (whether written or not) that binds the two parties, ceteris-paribus. Years before 1900, the employer-and-employee relationship was that of master-servant. There was a positive shift of balance of powers in the 1920s and 1930s. The 1970s saw the restructuring of jobs and managements. In 1980s the family analogy was adopted in the workplace. The workplace workforce reduction has been driven as a desire for greater efficiency and effectiveness. To many employees, this is undesirable and puts pressure on top management. Workforce reduction may be a strategic decision like in the case of IBM in 2005 supplanted American and European workforce with Indian. Internal settings should be supplemented with the external surroundings of business when downsizing the workforce as illustrated in the case of Opryland Hotel in Nashville, whose laid-off staff were quickly reabsorbed by other Hotel facilities in the surrounding. In the 1990s and turn of millennium, due to job security concerns the strategic decision of downsizing has had to take a two-way approach that integrates the employee as an important contributor to his/her fate. Arguably, there is a proliferation of laws to support this. Key legislations in the USA include Fair Labour Standards Act of 1938; Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993. Others are the National Labour Relations Act of 1935 as well as Occupational Health and Safety Act of 1970. Title VII of the Civil Right Act of 1964 restrains the employer from negative discrimination, while providing opportunity for affirmative action for fairness and equality. Other legislations tackle matters on sexual harassment bearing in mind the rise of women’s numbers in the workplace as from the last half of the 20th Century. Sexual harassment manifests through either Quid pro quo or hostile work environment. Recent trends in the US Supreme Court show there is a lot of activities regarding this. Whistle-blowing at the
Introduction to Computer Network Legal Framework As the current society advances through massive usage of computer networks, various legal issues and regulations have been developed to ensure sustained protection of sensitive information and intellectual property among organizations. According to Lloyd (2008: 118), cyberspace remains an eminent issue in the current society dominated by massive increase in IT, where statutory amendments and rational precedents need to be reconciled with the existing laws. Particularly, computer network security issues are becoming focal considerations with regard to the computer abuse in cyberspaces, where accurate legal and ethical formalities needs to be incorporated to protect the information and data relayed in networked environments. This paper will discuss the legal framework governing computer networks in UK, with regard to the legal obligations facing Hayes International operations. Data protection refers to the measures and strategies incorporated in the information system to safeguard data within a networked environment. Data protection is a very complex strategy incorporating all processes and structures installed within networks to prevent any data damage or leakage within the network. With the introduction of cloud computing, the need of data protection has been rising significantly within computer networks to facilitate the protection of Intellectual Property among the users. Brief History of Computer Network Legal Framework Considering the reportedly increasing cyber crimes and fraud, the need of information security has been necessitated. Security education has been one of the major areas of specialization among scholars in order to enhance development of adequate information systems security. In the year 1985, fraudulence over the computer through internet was detected. As a revealed by Barry (2009: 541), Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was developed ; in which individuals who were found conning others or intimidating other online were to be prosecuted. The government intervened and instructed on development of systems to investigate on the crimes committed over the internet through the use of computer forensics science. Notably, the law required the establishment of accurate evidence of any information which could be considered as involving fraudulence to be used in the court for prosecutions of the accused. As reported by Michele and Stokes (2010: 571), any individual found guilty of the offense was to be fined according to magnitude of the fraud case, or be imprisoned for two years. According to Data Protection Act of 19
Introduction What if there comes a time in the future that the police can detect a crime even before it is committed? This is essentially the scenario presented in Steven Spielberg’s celebrated movie Minority Report (2002). Based on Philip K. Dick’s story, Minority Report is an action-packed, futuristic suspense thriller starring Tom Cruise. In this elaborately realized fantasy, it has become possible for police to predict confidently that an individual is about to murder someone and to arrest them in advance. The predictive capacity involves an elaborate psychic process using drug-affected mutant humans, but the central question of the movie is one not of technology but of morality. Do we have the right, for the greater good of society, to punish people for things they are about to do? Main body The milieu of the movie is set in the year 2054. This is the time when the U.S. Justice Department has formulated a seamlessly perfect technique in preventing homicide in the Washington DC area. They are using human triplets (two men and a woman) born to have the power of predicting things before they happen. They are known as the Pre-cogs, where they are placed in a huge basin with water and drugs, where they are networked to a computer. This computer is being used by the agents in the Pre-Crime unit, as they can see murders before they take place and arrest the would-be perpetrators. Chief John Anderton (Tom Cruise) supervises the unit, reporting to its director Lamar Burgess. Agent Danny Witwer is sent in by the FBI, which plans to put the system to a national level. Privately, the divorced Anderton takes drugs and watches holographic footage of his son Sean, abducted at a public swimming pool six years ago. One day, a pre-cog named Agatha reveals a vision of a woman named Anne Lively being murdered, a seeming echo of an earlier solved crime. Later, the system names Anderton himself as the next perpetrator, predicting he will kill a man named Leo Crow. Surprised about the prediction, Anderton tries to cover up the results of the prediction and goes on the run. Anderton tries to figure out how on earth will be able to commit the crime, so he seeks out geneticist Dr. Iris Hineman, one of Pre-Crime’s developers. The doctor tells him that occasionally one of the Pre-cogs, usually Agatha, will have a “minority report”, a different view of a crime from the other two. There might just be a possibility that the identified murderer may have an alternative and innocent future. If Anderton’s murder has a minori