ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction In the world of rising demand, people look forward to the blessing of manufacturing industries to meet up their needs. Among the manufacturing industries, the car industry is mostly known as a profit-generating sector in the global market. The Industry is operating its business with conscious innovation programs. But the overall condition of this industry is not favorable. Aston Martin is a renowned company in this industry. The organization tries to innovating its products and services as customer demand and technological changes with time. It is dividing its goals into different parts, not to achieve only one goal, but to focus on different goals for achieving the possibilities of profit-maximizing initiatives. As a technology-based organization, they designing and redesigning their car’s environmental and demand factors friendly. To gathering knowledge about technologies, the organization is conducting regular communications with professionals related to innovations. The organization is also getting knowledge about the global perspectives of car manufacturing industries and the level of different benchmarks. For this reason, it is one of the fast-moving organizations in the global market. It is the most successful in the market as providing the best services to the potential customers with innovation and technology. On the other hand, innovation, the teamwork of members, concept testing of members by idea generation are the major strengths of Aston martin. The main discussion of the study is the present situation of the manufacturing industry, and as an associated firm Aston Martin’s recent condition, process and program development and target attainment regarding innovation program are most important. The manufacturing industry The United Kingdom has a long tradition for the manufacturing business in the world. Here, the production base results in a huge value-added product. But government policies regarding this industry are important. The manufacturing strategies of the players are also significant. The key manufacturing strategies related to the UK market perspective are: Figure 1: Key manufacturing strategies in the UK market. The current style of the manufacturing industry of the UK market is the most diversified one. Current researches and surveys indicated that the UK manufacturing sector recovered weekly, which the key events of 2006. The year 2005 was a hard one and to recover that situation the total industry had to innovative of many systems and technologies. The growth of export triggered the demand to be increased, which resulted in a positive tendency in the production and cause the developed confidence in many companies. By raising the prices of the equipment and power and energy, the sustainable condition of the overcoming was diluted. But after the year 2006, the manufacturing sector is now feeling the positive atmosphere to raise their profit. The demand has increased dramatically. The word dramatically is used here because the reflection is not ma
There are many theories that try to explain the issue of violent extremism. Most of them are developed from the basis of disciplines that are associated with the humanities and social studies. Literature has a range of examples that present causes of violent extremism as either a single factor or a combination of factors. However, unlike in other disciplines, theories for this subject are difficult to prove using a scientific method like an experiment. All conclusions are empirical and made solely by observation and comparison. Below is a list of the most widely accepted theories that are mentioned in literature to try to explain the reasons behind violent extremism. Rational Choice Theory The rational choice theory is based on a pragmatic approach that makes a person calculate all the risks and benefits of participating in violent extremism. If the benefits are higher than the risks, he or she decides to take part in it. Radical choice does not imply any fanatic following of a particular religious or social movement. Monroe and Kreidie argue that religion is viewed as a commodity that has its own costs and benefits (22). Thus, it is referred to only when it is beneficial to do so. One of the most important parts of the rational choice theory is that benefits are not always understood in a classic Western way that is associated with money and private property. Often this concept includes the general good or the advantages received by a group of people or the whole community. The public good can be a change of political regime, growth of the economy, or another social benefit. However, there is a problem associated with the rational choice theory regarding group activities. Some people may decide that their participation is not required since the personal input is not very significant, while the costs are high. They prefer to share the received benefits without taking part in violent activities. Nevertheless, the portion of these benefits may be quite small or even non-existent for such people in cases of group success. Structural or Societal Theory The structural or societal theory is very close to the idea of rational choice. It implies that groups of people use violent extremism methods to reach their political and social goals. Unlike the previous theory, this one is based on the opinion that every input is valuable, so there is no possibility of people receiving benefits without participating. Ineffective or blocked political participation often creates a high level of dissatisfaction among people, making them support extremist movements (Allan et al. 14). Although there is mixed evidence about the strength of this cause, there are numerous cases where people tried to change the situation in their country by taking a violence approach with a combination of religious or nationalistic elements. Relative Deprivation Theory The relative deprivation theory is so
Abstract The name of my program is Food Security and Sustainable Local Food Systems . This program will provide an opportunity for thirty participants to learn about food security and sustainable food systems. It will be offered on Saturday from 12 PM to 3 PM at the Community Centre . Program Context Program Summary There is increased realization that sustainable food system needs to take into account not only the economic well-being of the suppliers and consumers but also the environmental impacts as well as human health issues. As such the concepts of food security as well as the sustainability of local food systems have grown in the recent past. Food security epitomizes a situation where an entire community has access to sufficient, safe as well as nutritious foods. A community that has foods security has access to enough food that can sustain an active and healthy lifestyle. The food supply is dependent on a healthy and sustainable foods system. However, recent research indicates that 12.2% of Canadian households experienced food insecurity in 2011. Format The workshop will employ a small-group format with the intention of providing for active participation of the audience. The participants will be grouped into groups of five members so as to ensure that the varying understanding about food security and sustainable food systems is accommodated. The use of groups is essential as the participants can learn in an environment that offers comfort and while ensuring enhanced interactions. Using a workshop format provides that participants are matched based on their understanding levels as well as their ability to decipher information. The use of a workshop to deliver the material for this topic is critical, and it offers more than the opportunity to learn as participants can interact at a personal level and build networks. The systems are fundamental as they enable the participants to implement the lessons in their daily lives. Learner Community The target population is the low-income households from rural Canada. The population has once been hit by food insecurity that has rocked the country in the recent years and as such they are conscious about their foods security. The techniques that will be applied during the workshop will ensure that the sensitivity of the matter is taken into consideration. The techniques will provide simple but effective knowledge that the community can be in a position to implement. The lessons will be tailored to ensure that th
Thesis Statement Obesity in children is on the increase making it to be termed as a public health issue. Health is a critical issue in the life of individuals and thus the need to maintain it to the highest level possible. Obesity is a serious disease due to the effects it has on a victim’s body and the treatment consequences that are associated with it. The problem is even worse in the United States of America where it affects many individuals irrespective of age. Child obesity in the United States is, for example, an issue of concern since it has been on the increase, an ailment that was sometimes back associated with only old age and the elderly people. For this reason, child obesity in America has attracted a lot of attention from different angles including the state, federal, health institutions, and non governmental organizations among others all in an effort to find solutions to the ordeal and hence make the situation better by saving lives of the children. I am interested in this topic since it is a concept that touches almost on every individual and provision of relevant information concerning the topic will help deal with the condition and thus make the situation better. The focused aspects of this topic to be covered include the causes of obesity, the risk factors associated with child obesity, the treatment that should be offered, family behavior and child obesity as well as some of the interventions that should be established by different bodies including the government, to handle the situation. Some of the obstacles I would encounter in my research include inability to get specific statistics in relation to cases of child obesity. Meeting the victims or the relatives of those affected is also a difficult concept. I feel that the audience most suited for this topic is parents and caregivers. Medical practitioners and governments could also benefit from the research. Preliminary Bibliography   * American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Obesity in Children and Teens. 2008. Web.   * Blackburn George and Kanders Stefannie. Obesity: pathophysiology, psychology, and treatment Beatrice. New York: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 1994.   * Christakis, Nicholas & Fowler, James. The spread of obesity in a large social network over 32 years. The New England Journal of Medicine , 2007.357, 370-379.   * Emedicinehealth. Obesity in Children. 2011. Web.   * Fletcher Gerald, Grundy Scott and Hayman Lucia Laura. Obesity: impact on cardiovascular disease. New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999.   * Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Committee of Public Accounts. Tackling child obesity – first steps: eighth report of session 2006-07, report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence . New York: The Stationery Office, 2007.   * Kalavainen, M. P, Korppi, M. O. & Nuutinen, O. M. Clinical efficacy of group-based treatment for childhood obesity compared with routinely gi
The Arab-Israeli conflict is the opposition between several Arabic countries and several radical groups supported by the native Arabs inhabiting Palestine territories occupied by Israeli on the one side and Zionist movement on the other side. It is one of the most long lasting conflicts of the 20th century. The history of the conflict encompasses more than a century beginning in the end of the 19th century when the political Zionist movement was created. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire the conflict was mainly based on the territorial disagreements. As the conflict developed, cultural and religious issues were involved. These issued highlighted the national differences of both nations. These days, one of the greatest conflicts on the territory is between Palestine and Israeli. It is based on the territorial interests of Arab and Israeli people who live in Palestine. As a result, there are often open armed conflicts and acts of terrorism. Mani historians and sociologists assume that the basis for these violent attacks is the nationalistic movement developed both in Israeli and Palestine, “the current generation of violent Islamist extremists may have a goal of forcing people to accept a distorted seventh-century version of Islam” (Nye 269). Thus, we can come to a conclusion that in these countries nationalism is an extremist and exclusivist political ideology that tends towards violence. In order to support this argument, a background of the Arab-Islamic conflict should be provided. So, a historic development, religious and cultural differences between both countries created various issues for conflict between Palestine and Israel. Palestine was inhabited by Arab people since ancient times. When the Zionist movement was developed to restore the “historical home” of Jews in the territory belonging to the Arabs, the interests of the Arab population inhabiting the territory were ignored. As a consequence: “Arabs did not accept the partition and war broke out. The Jews won a decisive victory, expanded their state and created several hundred thousand Palestinian refugees. The Arab states refused to recognize Israel or make peace with it” (“Divisive History” n. p.) There were many wars since then. Until now, both nations do not accept the position of the neighbor. And the question of ceasing the conflict is impossible. As it has already been mentioned, there are many issues that contribute to the conflict. Let us consider them. The territorial issue is seems to be the most important one. The Zionist movement (which is the basis of the Israel government) considers Palestine a historic land of Jewish people. Consequently, Jews have right for their own territory. This assumption is based on principle of the equality of all people, principle of protection Jewish people from anti-Zionistic movement and principle of historic land. As opposed to this theory, Arab countries refuse to accept the Israel on their land and consider the territory an ancient Muslim land. They are disturbed with the fact that Israel was established
Introduction Presently, universal interactions affect businesses differently thus causing extensive results. Nevertheless, companies need to investigate and focus on aspects, which may give them openings in enhancing market control. Certainly, culture is such an attribute in business. It is important in enterprise administration together with merchandise marketing. Culture determines views, behaviors, judgment of persons on business outputs and operations. Thus, it remains crucial for western businesses venturing into other countries, particularly those with fully diverse cultures. An article by Barboza David under World Business in “The New York Times” will gain usage in exploring this business feature. As reported by Barboza (2007) French company Groupe Danone, which makes animal and drink products expanded into the Chinese marketplace. It attained this through a common venture with a local firm named Wahaha, which operates in a similar industry. Apparently, the JV was failing because of certain quarrels. The disagreements emerged from issues surrounding creation, operation, anticipations, and commerce culture of the association as regards to conducting production in China (Barboza, 2007). Unquestionably, this resulted into Danone f
Abstract Restaurants across the UK apply different styles of leadership that is dependent on the management strategies. The predominant leadership styles are democratic, autocratic, participatory, and laissez-faire. The research paper reviewed the impacts of these leadership styles on employee motivation within the UK restaurant sector. Through a research survey approach, the study captured leadership styles in six restaurants and their impacts of the motivation of employees. The independent variable was employee motivation while the dependent variables were leadership styles. The correlation analysis indicated that participatory leadership was the most effective in employee motivation followed by democratic, laissez-faire, and autocratic styles. Thus, there is a need to integrate effective leadership with continuous commitment and healthy work environment to complete the motivation matrix. Introduction Research Background In the last two decades, the restaurant sector in the UK has undergone transformation from a linear-based management style to a more proactive, flexible, and dynamic approach (Wilkinson & Redman 2013). Specifically, restaurants within this sector have not been left behind in the quest for optimal service delivery at sustainable organisational management levels. There are several strategies that have been put in place by these restaurants to micro managed labour as a significant factor of production. Moreover, these strategies are designed to ensure optimal output for an even bundle of labour input. It is necessary to review the quantifiable impacts of leadership traits on the level of employee motivation within the complex UK restaurant sector. Thus, this study aims at examining different leadership traits and the magnitude of their impacts on the level of employee motivation. The findings of the study might be applied by restaurants within the UK to effectively manage their employee motivation strategies for optimal performance. Research Questions and Objectives Integrating the significance of leadership orientation on the general organizational management, this study focuses on specific traits that impact on the level of employee motivation. Therefore, the researcher generated the following questions and objectives to relate leadership styles to employee motivation at restaurants within the UK.  1. How effective are the leadership traits towards a sustainable level of employee motivation within the UK restaurant sector?  2. What are the quantifiable consequences of the leadership traits in the management of different employee motivation strategies within the case study restaurants? Therefore, the research
Infants are highly vulnerable to medication errors that result from factors such as severe illnesses, prematurity, system malfunction, insufficient knowledge, and long periods of hospitalization. Several methods are used to prevent and avoid medication errors in infants. This literature review will explore 4 peer-reviewed resources to summarize the findings of each article regarding the methods used to avoid and prevent medication errors in infants. The topic is relevant because many infants die or suffer life-threatening consequences due to errors in medication that can be avoided. According to Lemoine and Hurst (2012), the use of smart pumps is an effective way of reducing medication errors in the neonatal intensive care unit. Safety pumps reduce medication errors by providing safety measures that are applied before administering medication to infants (Lemoine & Hurst, 2012). They provide clinical decision support through the use of dose error software that contains extensive information regarding the right dosage for various patient populations. Additionally, the software contains libraries that provide information regarding safe dosage, infusion rates, and dilution factors that are recommended for various drugs (Lemoine & Hurst, 2012). They compute dosage calculations and give the rates and volumes of drug administration thus reducing the probability of medication errors occurring (Lemoine & Hurst, 2012). Another method used in the reduction of medication errors is the use of bar-code-assisted medication administration (BCMA) systems. A research study conducted by Morriss et al (2011) found out that patients who were treated after the installation of a BCMA system experienced lower instances of medication errors than patients treated before the installation of the system. The results of the study revealed that the BCMA system reduced the risk of medication error by 50 percent (Morriss et al., 2011). The system reduced the risk of errors that originate from opioid administration significantly. The researchers stated that the method is more effective when used together with other error-reduction strategies such as structured medical record audits (Morriss et al., 2011). Correct labeling and packaging reduce medication errors by providing dosage information such as route of administration, name of drug, and dosage (Anderson & Ellis, 1999). Appropriate packaging measures include pediatric-sized packs and adequate instructions to prevent instances of administration of wrong doses. Dangerous drugs should be distinct, pediatric dosage information should be sufficient, and barcoding should be incorporated into each vial (Anderson & Ellis, 1999). It is also important to make drug delivery systems specifically for each type of drug. Establishing effective pharmacies is necessary for the reduction of errors such as poor reporting and low-quality service. Medication administration should follow certain rules that include the use of standardized dose tables, accurate reporting systems, and bedside technology (Anderson & Ellis, 1999). Errors also originate from sound-alike and look-alike medications that have similar concen