ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Autumn is not generally viewed as an appropriate season for having a garage sale, not to mention that one on a scale of a local community. However, what makes my neighbourhood particularly unique and different from others is its consistent inability to meet expectations (Pyrkosz 147). Either due to some event that occurred too long ago for any of the neighbours to remember or care, or out of sheer need to have something extravagant in the midst of one of the least unpredictable seasons ever, my community has a massive garage sale every autumn. Although the weather and the lingering threat of health issues complicated the task, the community garage sale carried out last fall was one of the highlights of its members’ public life due to the opportunity to communicate and share memories, objects, and ideas. The range and diversity of the items that our numerous neighbours and community members offered as sales items could easily make one feel surprised. Though being admittedly cheap and often worn-out, these items told exciting stories about the lives of their owners (Hassan 68). For instance, some of the kitchenware sold during the event was quite old, with the style thereof allowing tracking down its origin to quite far back in the past. Though these items were certainly not of high price, they still led to rather fascinating revelations about the cultural legacy of their owners and their fascinating life stories. As it often happens during large garage sales, there was some drama. For instance, one of the neighborhood children recognized one of their treasured possessions among the sold items, causing quite a stir. Luckily, the buyer was understanding enough and returned the purchase, which turned out to be a collection of action figures, without any questions. It was truly heartwarming to observe the understanding and cooperation that buyers showed during that garage sale. Furthermore, it was worth noting that a substantial portion of the money collected during the garage sale was donated to assist those in need. Specifically, those suffering from the coronavirus, as well as members of impoverished communities and several local charities, were provided with a portion of the finances form the yard sale. Though the event resulted in a rather humble outcome, the money donated to the specified parties were definitely used to improve the lives of those suffering inequality and health disparities (Arasteh 867). Therefore, the yard sale was not only an important social event and a chance for the participants to earn some money, but also an opportunity to improve the lives of those in need. Apart from the economic benefit that the community garage sale introduced, the chance to share memories, ideas, and emotions was a particularly important part of the e
Good study habits are best described as a set of tools that facilitate an increase of the amount of information learned and also make the information to be remembered for a long time. Well, I did not grow up with good study habits, I used to spend most of my free time playing video games, watching movies and listening to music, and hardly doing my homework. Despite my parents’ effort of taking me to a good school, I paid little attention to schoolwork. As a result of these, I registered very poor school grades, which in turn led to frustrations both for me and my parents. It is this experience that made me convict myself to creating a positive change towards studying my school work. I realized that developing good study habits was paramount because through them, I could gain success and satisfaction during the school years and the same could be extended to the working world. The journey towards attaining this positive change has not been easy though. I am still working on this endeavor. The very first step I am taking is to make sure that, my home is a good place to study. For any positive results to be attained in studying at home, the home environment should be made conducive for thinking. It is now clear to me that, I can only concentrate on one thing at a time; this then means that, the home environment should be free from noise and distraction. In light of the importance of quietness and less distraction, I now design a time chart for one week in which I allocate study time late in the afternoons and early evening because at this time there is minimal activity in my house. The second step I am taking to make this change happen is to eliminate common distractions such as television, radio, and stereo, just to mention but a few. Well, I was used to studying in a noisy environment. But at the moment, I switch off the television and reduce the volume of the radio while studying. I am optimistic that, within a short time, I will be able to study in absolute silence. Furthermore, I have arranged for phone time when I can make or receive calls to avoid disruptions during study time. In addition, I have informed my friends of the appropri
Any form of stress in the workplace can make it impossible for employees to complete their roles diligently. Individuals and leaders should pursue evidence-based initiatives to deal with such hurdles. This paper gives a detailed personal reflection of the common causes of workplace stress and the most appropriate measures to mitigate them. Common Causes and Performance There are leading contributors of personal stress that employees should take into consideration. The first one is prolonged or heavy workload. Such attributes will discourage individuals and make it impossible for them to focus on their duties. The second one is that of job insecurity. A person whose employment contract is uncertain might become disoriented and unwilling to pursue his or her personal dreams (Bhui, Dinos, Galant-Miecznikowska, de Jongh, & Stansfeld, 2016). This means that the worker will perform negatively in the targeted organization. The issue of role conflict will result in personal stress and make it impossible for the affected individual to complete his or her roles efficiently. Trauma, abuse, and discrimination will trigger depression among workers and increase cases of absenteeism and disunity. Such aspects will affect the contributions of different workers. Stress Management Methods Although there are powerful strategies for managing stress in the workplace, there are specific ones that I am yet to implement in my unit. Firstly, the use of relaxation techniques can reduce levels of burnout and ensure that I am capable of coping effectively. This approach can empower me to deal with stress and eventually achieve my objectives. Secondly, the use of healthy responses is a powerful method that can deliver meaningful outcomes. Some of the practices include engaging in exercises, reading inspirational books, and interacting with individuals from diverse backgrounds (Bhui et al., 2016).
Introduction Anthropologists aim at understanding the reasons for human behaviors and explaining the functioning of societies and individuals within them. This paper will discuss two anthropologists’ articles, “Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight” by Clifford Geertz and “Anthropological Texts and Ideological Problems: An Analysis of Cohen on Arab Villages in Israel” by Talal Asad. The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the thinkers’ views of society, social change. Knowledge, and individuals. The analysis of the articles shows that their theories are different, with Geertz focusing on culture while explaining society, and Asad paying attention to economic activity and the role of working classes. The Nature of Society Geertz believes that society emerges from culture consisting of a set of rituals that are recognized and respected by every member of society. He bases his view on analyzing cockfighting, an illegal activity popular among Balinese people, from an anthropological perspective. Geertz shows that, by following the rules and traditions elaborated by the community and adhering to the accepted behavioral patterns, individuals identify themselves with a particular group that starts functioning as society. For example, Geertz narrates that if the Balinese man refuses to support his group during cockfighting, his behavior will be considered unacceptable. At the same time, Geertz and his wife managed to fit into the Balinese society only after they took part in the indigenous ritual and acted just like the locals. Asad’s view of the nature of society is quite different. His view resembles the Marxist anthropological theory, in which society is based on modes of production. Unlike Geertz’ symbolic anthropology emphasizing the role of kinship in social organization, Asad’ viewpoint focuses on the division of society into classes. Theories about Social Change Geertz seems to assert that, despite social changes, culture remains invariable. Thus, rituals and traditions form the backbone of society, which adds to its continuity. However, Geertz article under consideration lacks the explanation of the causes and the process of social change. From Asad’s point of view, social change occurs when the peasant population generates surplus, which is then extracted from them by landowners. His view aligns with the Marxist theory, according to which, social change stems from the class struggle toward social equity. Theories about Knowledge Since Geertz is a symbolic anthropologist, he considers the process of acquiring knowledge to be related to a person’s interpretation of real-life objects and phenomena, as well as culture. In the reviewed article, the thinker reflects on how people perceive things that they do not feel, such as paintings, sculptures, books, or cockfighting. Geertz views the cognitive process as
The following is an environmental autobiography. The discussion is on how growing up in different cities impacted the choice of career I made. Having been born in Yangzhou, which is a town city located in China. Growing in Yangzhou gave me a thrill and a tremendous sense of belonging. I nostalgically remember running after butterflies and striving to catch them. The morning breezes were always there, and I could rise early in the morning to catch the breeze. The outdoor environment was still great, and there was no fear of security, which is one of Yangzhou’s greatest attributes. Various poets have praised the city, and it boasts of having ancient architecture, which was very exciting. I never thought that old structures could be that magnificent. It stirred a deep desire in me to know more about how to construct such beautiful buildings. The city was incredibly beautiful during autumn. The memory of snow on top of the buildings still lingers in my mind. Spring was even hilarious, with the flowers blooming and painting the surroundings with a yellow touch. This continued until the age of six years when my parents moved to Shenzhen City in China. This was a completely new environment to me; although much of the norms and customs of the people were similar to those of Shenzhen, the architecture and general appearance of the city was strange to me. It was made up of skyscrapers’, and I had been used to small condominiums in the previous town. The humanistic aspect of life in this city was even more astounding, with people working hard and being less concerned with the affairs of others. Everyone was a stranger to one another; in fact, people in this city had come from various places and were, therefore, were unfamiliar. There was no strong sense of community compared to the previous town where I had lived. I think this stirred in me the individualistic self me. Though I initially loathed this city, the magnificence of the skyscrapers and the fact that the town had been modernized within a person of thirty years made me fall to become an architect. How can a village be transformed to be a city? I would wonder. Apart from the tall buildings, Shenzhen had a beach where our family would hang out. I nostalgically remember how we used to walk with my parents along the coast. This was a spectacular scene, and I loved it. My pleasure of seeing the sea in Shenzhen was not going to be eternal. I had to move to New Zealand for my high school. It was stunning to be in a new place, but for the first time, the change of environment had a mental effect on me. However, the city was evidently cleaner and modern than the previous towns, which I had lived. It was surrounded by spectacular sea, the beaches looked nice, and the building was even taller than those of Shenzhen were. However, the fact that I was unable to communicate clearly in English made my stay in New Zealand dull. I could hear the teacher gesticulating words I could not understand, and some of my classmates would not communicate to me coherently. It was until I saw a beautiful rainbow that I recognized that my fortunes would change for the
Introduction Enterprise risk management (ERM) can be determined as a set of methods and processes that are utilized by organizations with the primary aim to manage risks that might emerge in the course of their development and mitigate their negative impacts (Hopkin 23). That is why the ERM framework presupposes the identification of existing events or processes important for a firm with the primary aim to reveal the probability of some unexpected outcomes or risks that will affect the strategy and development of this very organization (Green 24). Using this very framework, many companies acquire a chance to protect their business ventures from failures and create appropriate conditions for further evolution. For this reason, the ERM framework remains a potent tool that involves many stakeholders such as employees, clients, owners, authorities, and other significant agents (Hagen 56). Analyzing how all these agents cooperate and influence a firm with the help of ERM, a specialist acquires an opportunity to avoid complications. The main principles of this framework are:   * Identification – to correctly identify the activity that should be evaluated   * Analysis – in-depth investigation of the selected issue to determine if any risks exist   * Integration – can be performed via the evaluation of possible outcomes and their impact on the organization   * Prioritization – range existing risks to decide what factors should be considered and provided attention first   * Risk management – creation and implementation of strategies to avoid or minimize the negative impact of undesired factors   * Monitoring – continuous monitoring of current setting to avoid new similar cases (Yadunath) These main principles of the ERM framework show how it works and proves that the model can be implemented at any stage of the company’s development via the analysis of problematic areas and the introduction of appropriate measures to control its further evolution. As any management tool, the ERM framework has its advantages and disadvantages that impact the sphere of its use and situations to which it can be applied Advantages:   * Simplicity – can be utilized by the majority of managers   * Flexibility – fits different settings   * Standardized risk reporting – uses well-known schemes   * Focus on risk – helps to reveal problematic spheres   * Effective use or resources – no need for additional expenses   * Effective coordination – promotes a better understanding at different levels (Viscelli et al.) Disadvantages   * Complex predictions – results of ERM’s application might be vague   * External factors’ dependence – effectiveness of the model depends on many external variables   * Integration with the strategy – the wrong strategy can be selected because of poor risk management   * Time – the majority of activities demand time to be performed (Yadunath) Nevertheless, despite these advanta
The dawn of a new day welcomes new challenges and changes in our societies. These changes and challenges accompany diverse predicaments emanating from the speedy nature in which they advance. At the end of it all, there come speedy problems, which are evolutionary and leave permanent side effects cumbersome to manage. In the current ever-changing world, there are many contemporary problems affecting individuals, groups, religious factions, and societies. Astonishingly, human beings cause these problems from what they do in their daily endeavors, either knowingly or unknowingly. Ironically, these chores are unjust deeds done to other people. For example, while industries and other manufacturing bodies think it is just to unleash waste products into water streams, majority of the citizenry see this as injustice and danger towards their health. In the recent past, the world has witnessed massive destruction of the environment and pollution, which has seen global warming take place. The effects of global warming are affecting underdeveloped countries more than developed countries that contribute greatly into this menace. Today, the lives of people living in developing countries are in jeopardy due to injustices from the developed countries. Developed counties continue to compete at the expense of developing countries and as a result, these hastened changes have become subtle enough to cause massive destruction. Contemporary problems like pollution, information technology management (cybernetics), internal and international conflict, gay marriage and death penalties engender stress to persons, communities and countries through information overload and prejudice. As the world advances form one generation to another, there is general improvement and fruition of theories, civilizations, philosophies and initiatives, which lead to postmodernism. However, these factors accompany diverse traits that cause injustice to other people, organizations or societies. Sometimes, these evolutions can lead into disintegration and wearing down of social value schemes hence, making it hard for people to chose between just and unjust. For a long time now, this has been the predicament surrounding contemporary problems. Contemporary problems
Most American investors and people in business do not support investigative journalism in the business community. This thesis is of salience as it reveals the media’s hidden skirmishes, especially in conducting and reporting findings related to business and trade. The news houses have the right to conduct research on each sector of the economy and pass the results to the members of the society. However, this right has been compromised over time by the top businessmen. The main reasons for this struggle are the efforts of entrepreneurs to protect the image of their enterprises. This thesis, however, can be controversial as it can lead to a debate on the whole matter. The business class can argue that they only oppose investigative journalism to protect the privacy of their business and not hide information from their goods. Publications can make one company vulnerable to its competitors. With the details, the opponent can strategize to destroy the business. This topic of discussion is of paramount salience in a journalism and society course as it divulges challenges faced in journalism and its effect on society. The American press has a role in monitoring major trends in the country’s political sector. The news houses play a crucial role in researching, compiling, disseminating, and exchanging political content. This thesis is essential as it has a wide-ranging impact on democratic governance and political practices. The rise of political media is facilitated by various reasons, including the increased freedom of speech and expression that has been granted to the media and mass communication sector. They are using the opportunity to educate the citizens and eradicate political illiteracy. The goal can be opposed as other people can have a controversial perspective and claim that the political media is entirely a scheme sponsored by politicians. The politicians can be accused of using the media to propel their fame and tarnish the name of their o
Introduction The NovySmichov store is one of the leading retail stores in Prague. The store management has realized that legal compliance and accountability are critical in reducing its legal liability. For instance, the NovySmichov store has realized that its relationship with customers, employees, and other associates is likely to be subjected to unending legal tussles. This happens due to legal obligations in such relationships. This risk management report highlights areas of tortious risk involving employees and customers and how they can be mitigated. Law of tort A tort is a wrongful act that causes harm or damage to a person in different ways (Davies 135). It can either be intentional or unintentional. Unintentional tort is also referred to as negligence. Unintentional tort provides a basis for malpractice cases in many litigations. On the other hand, intentional tort is a conscious act when a person is aware of the act and its foreseeable consequences. Examples of intentional tort are assault and battery, defamation, among many others (Davies 135). Areas of tortious risk involving the Company and employee Assault and battery are the first area of tortuous risk that is likely to affect the NovySmichov store. For instance, an employee can claim that he/she has been sexually harassed or assaulted by the supervisor in the workplace. This may make the store liable because harassment in the workplace is prohibited under the law. Secondly, employee’s emotional distress as a result of harassment is another area of tortious risk (Geistfeld 264). The store would be vicariously liable if an employee files a complaint for emotional distress in the workplace. Privacy risk is likely to affect the NovySmichov store. An employee may sue the store for failing to protect his or her private information. In addition, the store may be sued for its failure to protect employee’s privacy while conducting his or her duties. Finally, occupational health and safety are also an area of tortuous risk for the NovySmichov store. Employees are bound to be injured while being on duty. They may choose to write a complaint against the store for the injuries sustained in the workplace. Areas of tortious risk involving the Company and customers Employer’s liability is likely to occur in the NovySmichov store’s relationship with customers. The first risk area is the product liability. As a vendor of consumer goods in the city, the NovySmichov store is likely to encounter claims of selling defective and unsafe products. For instance, the customers are likely to sue the store for harm or injuries sustained from the use of the products. Secondly, the