ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Rihana and the Nivea Skin Care Product. Introduction Advertisements are very manipulative and use tactics that directly and involuntarily appeal to the mind of the target person. Despite the ignorance of the same and disbelief in their effects, advertisements remain complex and significant in the choice of products owned by an individual. Usually, ads appeal to memory or emotional response. As a result, it creates a natural motivation response that triggers the mind to activate affiliation, self-acceptance, and feign community feeling. In the end, advertisements succeed in appealing to emotions through capitalization on biases and prejudices of people. The ad offers the cognitive perspective of product or service perception to influence the purchasing pattern of members of the target group at the individual level. In the product market, lifestyle defines the activities clients are involved in such as beliefs, opinion, health aspect, and interests (Bowden 31). Therefore, response to an advertisement will originate from the bandwagon technique, which heaps pressure on the mind to follow the perceive crowd. As a result, the answer will form the risk reversal element. This analytical treatise attempts to explicitly review the Nivea Skin Care product advertisement in terms of its appeal to needs, desires, and values. Analysis of the advertisement Perception This advertisement has a sophisticated presentation, and it directly appeals to women across the globe. Understanding of the mind is often ignited through a series of propaganda initiatives aimed at the awakening involuntary desire to possess or associate with a product or service. The advertisement is meant for the western market since the picture in it is that of the famous American singer Rihana. The image of the famous singer Rihana is clear in this Nivea skin care product advert. The advertisement appeals to beauty and youthfulness as part of the feminine subjectivity. The commercial is strategically sound since it is designed for the women audience. The poster is driven by the object of perfection designed to convey information to women about the attractiveness of their skin. The commercial has employed
Business Code of Ethics Vs Employees Code of Ethics Code of ethics can be defined as guidelines which are established to help people in an organization behave in a manner that is acceptable. It is very significant in decision making process as it helps in deciding between right and wrong (Shaikh, 2006). A lot of organizations are governed by a code of ethics and although it is important in all organizations, it is most important in the organizations that deal with sensitive issues like healthcare. A code of ethics is very significant not only due to the fact that it establishes a favorable working condition and standard, but also due to the fact that it helps members of the public build confidence with a particular organization. Although there are different codes of ethics, there are certain issues that are covered in each like goals of an organization as well as some ethical issues and behaviors that are adopted by every organization. It should therefore be explicitly written and easy to follow for it to accomplish its ultimate goal of setting the right standard for people in an organization. Some of the different codes of ethics include, business, employee, personal and professional codes of ethics, to mention just a few. There is much concerning codes of ethics and due to that, this essay shall narrow down to comparing and contrasting business and employee codes of ethics. Since the goal of different codes of ethics is the same, there are a number of similarities between different codes of ethics. However, there are still some notable differences. Many organizations have got an employee code of ethics that stipulates the expected behavior of employees in that particular organization. For instance, studies of Employee Code of Ethics (n.d. ) illustrate that a company may tolerate mistakes but cannot put up with an employee that violates its code of ethics. The main goal is to ensure that the reputation of the company is not affected by the behavior of an employee in and out of the company’s environment. The company code of ethics contains the internal and external guidelines to govern the behavior of each and every employee. Similarly, a business code of ethics contains the values and the goals of the entire business organization. It is also inclusive of an employee code of conduct since it stipulates the expected behavior of each and every employee. As much as business code of ethics and conduct is related to the employee code of ethics, there are some differences of the same. According to Craven & Mills (2004), the business code
Introduction Unilever is a multi national company from Britain-Dutch and manufactures consumer goods. Unilever manufactures a variety of products including consumables (cooking oil, margarine), skin/hair care products (deodorants, mouth care products) and cleaning agents. The 2011 polls rated Unilever as the third largest producer of goods for consumption. It has companies in all the six continents and deports in almost all countries (Silber 46). The company values environmental conservation and is committed to sustainable tea sourcing so as to conserve the East African Tea estates. This support is channeled through an international NGO called the Rainforest Alliance. The company has openly declared its support for PG Tips bags of tea sold in Europe. One can confidently say that Unilever has generously contributed to communities around the world by improving livelihood through investing in people and supporting initiatives through non governmental organizations which are aimed at environmental conservation (Kent 233). Financial details of the company in the last three years are summarized in the table below;                                       FOR THE LAST THREE YEARS FEATURE                               2009                      2010    2011   Current stock price of the company                                      34.56  Company sales/revenue (Billion US $)  40                        55.5    56     Total assets (in Millions US $)       53,054                    54,627  61,640 Total liabilities (in Millions US $)  53, 054                   54,627  61,640 Owner liability (in Millions US$)     5,557                     6,361   2,848  Profitability (in Billions US$)       5.73                      6.33    8.40    Explain why you chose this company Unilever Company was chosen as a case study for this paper because of its profitability which has increased steadily; an aspect which makes the company able to pay more dividends to shareholders. The company’s growth in profits demonstrates that it is keen on continued growth of shareholders’ wealth (Jules 1930). Another reason for choosing Unilever is because of its values on environmental conservation. Sustainable environmental management is important for health living of the people. Most of the company’s raw material for consumable products comes from East Africa and the Congo forests. By conserving these ecosystems the company is guaranteed a steady supply of raw materials which sustains the company’s profitability (Shell 45). Discuss how you would go about taking your company public using what you’ve learned from the background materials and from question 1. Taking a company public requires that the company should demonstrate a long standing reputation of obedience to the rules and regulations of the stock exchange. The company should also demonstrate long standing reputation of growth in profitability (Diamond 762). Finally, the company should demonstrate willingness to share its profits with shareholders of the company (Buck, 58). What do you perceive you have learnt in Module 1 SLP? Which of the following learning ob
Introduction Decolonization is the process of undoing colonialism within one or several countries. For understanding decolonization, it is vital to consider the notion of colonization itself. To the country, colonization means the process of conquering the territory and the country’s lands. Moreover, colonization has multiple adverse effects such as the raping of women, child kidnapping, infringement of rights, slavery, and discrimination by race or gender (TEDx Talks, 2019). These factors leave a specific imprint on the lives of indigenous, colonized people in Canada and worldwide. Therefore, it is informative to consider why we need to decolonize countries. Moreover, it is feasible to look at how colonization impacted colonized people and what decolonization means to a person. Colonization and its Effects To start with, the notion of colonization is crucial to almost everyone because it happened over the globe. Due to the Earth’s long history, people moved from one country to another, attempting to approach new territories. In general, colonialism aims to conquer and develop new territory by replacing the existing population with colonizers. It is an essential issue for understanding the chain of situations that happened to indigenous peoples. It is also necessary to grasp that many countries were established through the colonization process. For example, in Canada, indigenous people were subjected to rapes, genocides, and many other violations. Colonizers desired to assign the countries’ territories by removing people from their homeland and making native Canadians extinct. Furthermore, colonizers attempted to civilize indigenous people by employing cultural, sexual, and physical violence. As seen from history, colonizers created residential schools for the indigenous Canadians to educate and assimilate them into society. These schools were active f
Externalities may be defined as the positive or negative effect of a product or process of production, which may affect a stakeholder who is otherwise unrelated to the whole process of production or consumption of the product (Caplan, 2013). One of the simplest examples is air pollution that is caused during the manufacturing process of a product. This air pollution is harmful to society as a whole and may cause serious health hazards. This paper discusses three such externalities – two negative and one positive. Negative Externality by Chemical and Logging Company One of the negative externality is the water pollution and logging industry. How may these two companies have a negative impact on the stakeholders? When the manufacturer of a chemical product makes the chemical required in automobile engines. He extracts these from a set of chemicals. Obviously, there is waste that has to be disposed of from this production process. Mostly, manufacturers dump their waste in the nearest water body. This may cause serious damage to aquatic life and to the people using the water body. In the case of a logging company, the logs cut from the forests deplete the natural resources on earth and may lead to climate change. Now let us see how the production process may cause harm to the stakeholders (figure 1). From figure 1, it is clearly evident in case of a chemical manufacturer the free market equilibrium is
Critique of a Newspaper Article Regarding Critical Literacy and Numeracy The article Bellies bear a burden discusses the alarming tendency of a steady increase in the average weight and waistline circumference among the Australian population. The main conclusion drawn from the data is the visible deterioration of mental health and the increased risk of certain health problems such as heart disease. The text is accompanied by several images, most of which are included to illustrate the dynamics of change in women’s body measurements over the years, as well as a photograph of an obese woman to confirm the severity of the issue. Interestingly, only one image is alarming while others are unlikely to create a negative reaction and therefore do not qualify as scare tactics. The words used in the text are fairly objective, impartial, and scientifically appropriate, such as the description of waistline as “a better indicator of a health risk than other areas of the body” (Lambert 2004, p. 29). Aside from excluding ambiguity, such word choice contributes to the credibility of the article from the readers’ perspective. The findings and extrapolated conclusions are presented by Dr. Rick Kausman, who is constructed in the text as a credible and reliable specialist on the matter. This allows us to further increase the readers’ trust. The article makes use of several metrics important for understanding the issue which revolves around the mathematical concepts of average (arithmetic mean) and percentage. These numbers are presented in a table and included in the body of the article. The terminology is limited to essential scientific terms to make the message accessible for the majority of the newspaper’s audience. The concepts present quantifiable evidence of the suggestions postulated in the text, which further improves the article’s credibility. It is worth noting that while the table illustrates the increase of any given metric, a graph could be less confusing and more illustrative for the average reader. Most importantly, the cause of the trend is not covered in its entirety. Most prominently, not all possible causes of the observed phenomenon are given in the article. For example, the influence of culture and fashion on the physical characteristics of the female population is omitted from the text (Scott n.d.). Also, while the article explicitly states that “a growing waistline could indicate the risk of health problems,” no information is given on the optimal metrics, which skews the readers’ view towards the uncritical “smaller is better” perspective (Lambert 2004, p. 29). The purpose of the article (raising awareness of a public health issue) connects into a bigger picture of the obesity problem observed on a global scale (Yatsuya et al. 2014). The inclusion and omission of details explained above results in promoting a healthy lifestyle and denouncing harmful habits (e.g. non-hungry eating). The text is not entirely fair as it does not include proper citation of sources and displays at least one
I chose the above picture, found on the Internet, as it depicts the realities of the inequities in healthcare, amongst other areas of life. In the picture, various vulnerable groups are represented, such as those with disabilities. Furthermore, it draws attention to the unfair differences in treatment by professionals that one’s race, ethnicity, gender, socio-economic status, sexual orientation, and place of living might cause. In order to convey this message, the image shows the different people at different heights, using the pedestals as a metaphor for different advantage points. In this example, the vulnerability causes inequity in treatment and healthcare. Health inequities must not be confused with inequalities, since the former are concerned not simply with offering the same opportunities and treatment to everyone but taking into consideration the background of the individuals. According to Sossauer et al. (2019), vulnerability is defined as “the likelihood of having one’s interests unjustly considered,” which leads to inequity. This phenomenon is dangerous as it can lead to a decrease in the level of healthcare services. There are various causes for the inequities but vulnerability, as illustrated by the picture, is a major reason. The picture is very accessible and has a great reach to the masses. Since it is a simple cartoon, it is easy to understand, and invites further conversation and research of the topic. Therefore, it is incredibly useful in raising awareness for the issue of inequity in healthcare. While it is not a problem that can be easily fixed, raising awareness and introducing the issue to people. One of the most important parts of solving the problem is identifying it and making sure that it is prevented at the core. In the case of vulnerability and inequity, this means knowing which groups are at risk of being mistreated, so that they can be protected.
Introduction Buddhism is one of the religions, which has played an important role in the history of China. This religion, which spread to China from Central Asia, moved from being an insignificant religion to enjoying widespread acceptance by many Chinese. However, the influence of Buddhism was because of the collapse of the Han dynasty in 220 AD. Williams suggests that this collapse created a spiritual vacuum that the popular religions of the time tried to fill (131). Of all the competing religions and philosophies of the time, Buddhism was able to obtain the greatest support. This paper engages in a critical analysis of the attractions that Buddhism offered to Post-Han China. The Han Dynasty The Han dynasty, which existed between 206 BC, and 220AD was characterized by a centralized administration with an emperor who expanded the boundaries of China through conquest. The empire had a strong army that was used for expand the territory under the administration’s control. In the course of the Han dynasty, Confucianism influenced the structure of government and this philosophy was the most influential in society. During this era, Central Asian missionaries who styled the religion as a sect of Daoism introduced Buddhism to China (Chey 125). In its early years, Buddhism was viewed as a foreign religion and periodic persecution of Buddhists was common in the Han dynasty (Williams 131). As such, Buddhism played an inferior role in China over the cause of the Han dynasty. The fall of the Han was precipitated by political instability caused by conspiracies among empresses and court officials. This instability led the military to overthrow the Han dynasty in 220 AD therefore ending the four-century rule of the Han. After the fall of the Han, most of the scholars in China abandoned the Confucian philosophy that had been followed by the Han dynasty. In its place, many followed Buddhism, which offered a number of attractions to the Chinese population. Attraction of Buddhism The early centuries following the collapse of the Han dynasty post were characterized by widespread chaos and violence as warlords sought to assert their dominion in various regions. In these chaotic times, Buddhism brought about some sense of order for the Chinese people. Historically, religion has been used as a means for validating the authority of the ruling class. In the same way, Buddhism enabled the rulers to solidify their authority over their subjects (Williams 130). The religion stipulated what it entailed being a good citizen and outlined the responsibilities that the subjects had to fulfill to their rulers. Buddhism brought about a sense of identity to the people of China. A major cause of the fall of the Han was religious rebellion, which plagued China up to the overthrow of the Han dynasty. Tang notes that post-Han dynasty China as charac
Over the past years, there have been debates on whether people of the same sex should be allowed to marry or even enter into a relationship. This has raised concerns on civil unions leading to formation of movements intended to protect them. Although same sex couples have been given the choice of civil unions in some states, they should be completely permitted to marry since these unions are not actual marriage but are simply partnerships offering the privileges of traditional marriage (Matthews, 2006, p. 1). Same sex couples should be allowed to marry because denying them would be depriving them of their religious rights. Although homosexuality is considered a sin by almost all religions, a person’s views on religion must be protected as a civil right according to the Amendments of the constitution. According to the state, marriage is a secular activity and therefore the government should not make laws based on religious belief. There is more to marriage than just the legal status. The benefits of marriage such as decision making and joint ownership of property are important and should be available to all couples. Same sex couples should be allowed to make important medical decisions (Matthews, 2006, p. 1). For instance, if one partner gets critically ill, his/her spouse should be allowed to visit or even take important measures such as deciding whether surgery should be done. Homosexuality has been linked to biological causes due to hormonal switch and not by choice. Most homosexuals have secondary sexual features that are similar those of the opposite sex. For example, a male may have a softer voice and this will attract him to fellow men that have deeper voices. Similarly, a female with a masculine body will be attracted to females that have feminine bodies. Most homosexuals do not choose to live that life but nature does as a result of hormonal switches and therefore should not be discriminated but rather allowed to exercise human rights as any other person would. Denying same sex marriage would be discriminating the minority which would defy the America’s concept of rule by the majority and protection of the minority rights. The Bill of Rights and equal protection amendments are meant to ensure that all citizens exercise equal rights. A marriage is a commitment between two people and it does not hurt the society and therefore the society should not dictate other peoples’ lives that do not affect them. The church and other religious groups have the right to only criticize but do not have the power to prevent any marriage. More so homosexuals marry not for status but for the love they have for one another which should be the ultimate reason for marriage and as long as they love each other and they want to live together forever, there should be no hindrance (Jackson, 2010, p. 1). Like any other normal marriage, a same sex marriage may lead to the desire by the couple to have a complete family. Since homosexuals cannot pro-create naturally,