ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Psychologists believe that the sum total of a person’s characteristics could be summed up in just five traits of character evaluation cluster and this forms the crux of this essay. A character of a film needs to be taken and how this character grouping could be seen in terms of his character needs to be evaluated. The protagonist character whose personality assessment is sought to be taken up is that of Mahatma Gandhiji, born as Mohandas Karam Chand Gandhi, father of the Indian nation, as portrayed by Sir Ben Kinsley in Sir Richard Attenborough’s epic Oscar winning film, Gandhi(1982). (Gandhi (1982), 2009). Five traits of character evaluation cluster The five character evaluation cluster that needs to be evaluated in the context of Gandhiji is that of extraversion/introversion, neuroticism, opening to experiences, conscientiousness and agreeableness. Analysis of extraversion /introversion in the context of Gandhiji In this film the protagonist has been portrayed as a very active and responsive person deeply committed to his cause and mission. Even during the time when he is left to himself he is busy weaving handloom garments in his home. A man of extremely sparse needs and demands, his main objective is the emancipation of his people. His extrovertish personality is seen in massive crowd support that he draws wherever he goes, his public meetings and personal charisma with which he became an acknowledged leader of the Indian masses, rich or poor, urban or rural, educated or illiterate. His social charisma could be akin to that of Abraham Lincoln, Martin Luther King or Nelson Mandela. He holds long drawn discussions and meetings with political leaders, heads of state and religious leaders for the common good of humanity and his people without really trying to impose his will and dictate on his followers. Analysis of elements of neuroticism or otherwise in the context of Gandhiji There are no negative elements in the personal characteristics of the protagonist, apart from the fact that he was guileless and disarmingly frank and open in his relations with people. Poverty, subjugation and internal strife had reduced the country to a weak and fragile nation, devoid of self determination. Moreover, at that time of history, the great Indian nation was polarized on caste and religious lines and it was left to the protagonist to unify his disintegrated forces to seek self-governance, which ultimately he was successful in doing, due to his tenacious spirit, dedication and sacrificing mentality. “…his efforts were to unite the country with his strange yet irresistible moral authority, an authority that all of the various factions recognized and respected as the authentic thing.” (Gandhi [VHS] (1982), 2009, Customer reviews, para.2). Analysis of aspects of culture, or openness to experience in case of Gandhiji In this film, the protagonist is seen as a man who, despite born and bred in a high class environment (he was a barrister
Gothic literature originated in the early nineteenth century. Writers of such works combined some elements of the medieval literature considered too fanciful and modern literature classified as too limited to realism. The settings reflected elements of horror and fear. They consisted of gloomy dungeons, underground passages, abundant usage of ghosts, and mysterious occurrences. The relations reflected the extreme opposites such as life and death, dream and reality, right and wrong, and rationality and madness. The main aim of gothic literature was to evoke chilling terror by use of cruelty, mystery, and a combination of horror scenes. Gothic literature now includes works of fictions, which do not have medieval settings but create a worrisome atmosphere of terror in representing macabre or melodramatic violence. Allan Edgar Poe short story, The Pit and the Pendulum, shows horrors associated with torture. Mental and physical torture are horrifying human experiences. The story also shows the cruelty and injustice people experience when they deviate from the established beliefs or when wrongly accused. The choice of settings as “THE PIT, typical of hell………. the Ultima Thule of all their punishments” (Poe 1989), shows the pervading elements of gothic literature. Words, phrases, and imagery contribute to the effect of terror with morbidity and the expected horrifying death e.g. “Down — certainly, relentlessly down! It vibrated within three inches of my bosom! I struggled violently – furiously” and use of images like “Figures of fiends in aspects of menace, with skeleton forms, and other more really fearful images” (Poe 1989) create terrifying horror scenes. Poe captures the use of explicit violence as a condemnation of the Inquisition. Poe shows confusion in the narrator’s mind as a “call to mind flatness and dampness; and then all is MADNESS — the madness of a memory which busies itself among forbidden things” (Poe 1989). Readers do not know whether the narrator is guilty or not. Poe leaves the moral judgment to his readers as he shows hope in rescue of the narrator. The Cask of Amontillado by Poe shows terror as a means of punishing offenders. We do not see any evidence that Fortunato inflicted thousands of injuries and insults to Montresor. The short story demonstra
Scholars of political science and government are often engaged in arguing whether political representation and decision-making processes should assume a trustee approach or a delegate orientation. The first approach holds that political representatives should indeed be trustees who first listen to their constituents’ opinions and viewpoints before employing their sense of judgment to chart the way forward and act sorely in the best interest of the nation. This implies that the leader’s decision in the decision-making process supersedes the viewpoints held by the electorate. The second approach of representation is that political representatives should act as delegates; that is, they should abide by the constituents’ decisions and opinions irrespective of whether these decisions and viewpoints coincide with those of their own. Elected representatives should behave more as trustees due to several factors; key among them is that they should always put the nation’s best interest before anything else. Of course, there is an argument that is owing to their positions as elected officials; representatives should always project the views and opinions of their constituents because their mandate is intrinsically derived from the electorate. However, in my opinion, the nation’s interests supersede those of members as the latter cannot exist in a vacuum, implying that the interests of the country must first be safeguarded before any guarantees can be made regarding the parts and opinions of the constituents.
Objective The objective of this paper is to review current published literature on using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to treat metabolic syndrome X (MetS). Introduction This paper will be aiming at reviewing current published literatures of using integrative and alternative medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome X. the recommendations and findings of each literature will also be reviewed. At the end of the review, conclusion will be drawn depending on the reviewed papers. Metabolic syndrome X is a group of cardiac risk factors caused by insulin resistance. Patients with MetS present with a cluster of characteristic which according to American Heart Association (2008) include ‘abdominal obesity (excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen), atherogenic dyslipidemia (b
I would prefer South Africa economy to other country’s economy as my choice. South Africa was hit by a global economic crisis of 2008 which saw most of its businesses run at a loss. Majority of the economic activities contemplated shutdown decisions due to the prevalence of their businesses running at a loss. South Africa cannot be blamed as a nation as many may think, since the economic crisis of 2008 was global or rather worldwide. An assumption of the main cause of the witnessed economic crisis may be attributed to greed by people. Desire to the achieve objective that duly fulfils the needs of an individual while being disadvantageous to the majority of individuals led to the crisis. Mortgages which were the times booming businesses were used by enterprises to exploit the individuals who could not afford purchasing the premises. They took an initiative of lending the mortgages to them. The lending was to pay in installments which were to be paid according to the terms and conditions lay down by the participants. The mortgagers did the lending since they had nothing to lose at all. They saw this as a greatest opportunity of charging high interest rates to its consumers. Furthermore, those who default payments were kicked out of the premises and the property given to other interested party. This lending activity increased the level of incomes to the lenders, investors and creditors. Despite the increase in the amount of money, majority of the people were subjected to suffering. This is because they were forced to tolerate the high rates of mortgage payments. The consumers had to forego some of their needs so as to prioritize the basic need of shelter. The unfortunate few who were kicked out were subjected to too much suffering since they were forced to start their lives from the scratch. Not even a single cent was refunded to them in accordance to the terms and conditions laid down by the lenders (Mankiw, 2008). South Africa was faced by a financial crisis that impacted negatively on its population. They had a shortage of capital which could be used to carry out day to day activities. In addition, the residence was faced by another crisis of hunger that saw majority lose their precious lives. The hunger was as a result of capital inadequacy, whereby people could not purchase food from the markets due to high market prices. Also, its cause may be articulated to climate changes. Due to climate change, the agricultural sector was altered with. Low produce was witnessed hence led to food shortage. Due to high demands, the unfortunate few were subjected to hunger. With the financial crisis being a threat to the nation of South Africa, the World Bank had to respond to the crisis throu
Introduction Almost every economic transactions taking place around the world involve private equity. For example, all new transactions conducted by major corporations around the world must in one way or the other encompasses private equity. Private equity firms have evolved to be prominent in the recent years such that the funds they offer to other corporations as well as the transactions they fund have doubled. Besides, the companies that are being acquired by these equity firms have become a common name to the ordinary citizens. In fact, private equity has developed into an integral part of many people around the globe. Yet, majority of the people have been longing to know what private equity is, how it operates, what it means to the economy and most importantly its effect on the capital structures of publicly owned corporations. These materialize to be the questions that this paper intends to answer. Particularly the paper will critically discuss whether leverage profits made by these companies’ lead to inefficiencies in the capital structure of public corporations. Private equity firms, equity markets and capital structure inefficiencies Many entrepreneurs always hold an ambition of starting and building successful business that overtime will be able to create jobs but majority fail to take advantage of their entrepreneurial potential. Despite the fact that various small and medium sized entrepreneurial businesses objectives are to grow overtime, very few often achieve this objective (Baker et al., 2000, p.2221). Getting an enterprise off the ground as well as its expansion needs finance. Raising this finance is still a nightmare to most of these enterprises. In essence, the main barrier to business growth is the capital deficiency which cannot easily be overcome by regular sources of finance such as banks and financial institutions (Baker et al., 2002, p.5). Private equity in addition to venture capital is currently becoming the most imperative source of finance to these enterprises and companies. Furthermore private equity is now a major source of finance to the overwhelmingly growing potential firms. Claus et al. (2001, p.1640) asserts that the main objective of private equity is to ideally provide financial assistance to ambitious firms in order to achieve their growth potentials. Private equity firms similarly offer strategic advice as well as the essential information to the firms especially at some critical stages in their development stratum. Although several savvy investors have generally become aware of the existence of private equity firms, a perfect understanding of its mechanism is still lacking. It is even more apparent to the deemed small and medium sized enterprises. Fear of giving ownership to these firms through interchange of stocks for cash flows as well as lack of information has been sited as the major reasons why many companies do not
Introduction Jazz refers to a popular genre of music that originated from New Orleans in 1900 and developed through increasingly complex styles. It also refers to a style of music characterized by dancing and played by large bands (Sutro, 2011, p.12). The origin of jazz is associated with black communities in the United States whose culture influenced the musical elements of the genre. As the genre gained social acceptance, whites belonging to the middle class in the United States of America also adopted it. Development and spread of jazz music resulted in different styles influenced by cultures around the world (Sutro, 2011, p.21). Jazz embraces qualities such as dangling, group communication, voice growth and improvisation. Some of the cardinal features from European and African music that influenced the nature of jazz include repetition of responses and improvisation (Sutro, 2011, p.26). This meant that a jazz performer had the independence to interpret an original composition differently every time they performed (Sutro, 2011, p.30). The ability of a performer to interpret an original composition depended on factors such as individual experiences, modality, the audience and influence from fellow performers. Chords and regular recurrence applied in outlining the arrangement of a song as well as complimenting the performer (Sutro, 2011, p.35). For example in New Orleans, different performers played the melody in turns while the others generated makeshift melodies. Sway Era From the onset of the sway era in jazz, high performing bands relied on organized music through writing or memorization. Early forms of modern jazz directed their attention towards small groups that did not rely on arranged music in their performances (Stokes, 1996, p.34). However, other forms of jazz such as modal jazz stopped using chords as applied in the earlier forms, thus according performers more freedom to improvise. This happened during the jazz age. This was the period when jazz music gained popularity in America and Europe (Stokes, 1996, p.41). The central feature of this period was the acceptance of the genre by middle class whites in America. The white people helped to popularize the genre in America through their own performances. Apart from the influence by white Americans, radio broadcast played a remarkably crucial role in spread and growth of jazz music (Stokes, 1996, p.46). Introduction of radio presented an alternative avenue for jazz lovers to access the genre apart from attending performances in bars. However, radio had a negative influence on careers of artists such as Louis Armstrong, who received
Teachers of Science in the middle school usually face a problem of balancing between theory and practice in their instructions and activities (Kelly, 2014). According to McDaniel, Thomas, Agarwal, McDermott, and Roediger (2013), educators need to pay much attention to integrating the laboratory work and practical activities into the Science curriculum in order to address the learning needs of students. Smart and Marshall (2013) support this idea, stating that practical tasks and the laboratory work contribute to understanding theoretical concepts related to the field of chemistry and physics. From this point, it is important to ask the question regarding the possible difference between the performance of those students who are good at their laboratory work and those students whose results are average or low (Mandler, Mamlok-Naaman, Blonder, Yayon, & Hofstein, 2012; Talanquer, 2013). The question to answer in the proposed research is the following one: Do the Science test results differ between the students who have high marks for their laboratory work, who have average marks, and those students who have poor marks? To examine the statistically important difference between the determined groups of students from the middle school, it is appropriate to use the one-way ANOVA. Methods Participants The sample for this study will include 42 students recruited from three classes (grade 8) at Robert Frost Middle School, Rockville, Maryland. It is important to use the stratified random sampling because students from each class will be divided into such strata as students having high, average, and low marks for their laboratory work (Tipton, Hedges, Vaden-Kiernan, Borman, & Sullivan, 2014). Participants will be randomly selected from each stratum to reduce the possibility of errors. Students will be different in terms of their gender, age, and ethnicity, but these demographic characteristics will not be taken into account while analyzing the study results. Procedures In this study, the independent variable is the students’ performance regarding the laboratory work. The variable is nominal (categorical), and it will be measured in relation to receiving high, average, or poor marks for the laboratory work. The students’ performance regarding the Science test is the dependent variable that is ratio according to the scale, and it will be measured in 0-100 scores. Thus, the participants will be divided into three groups (having high, average, and poor marks for the laboratory work), and they will be proposed to con
Introduction South East Asia consists of Borneo, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, East Timor, and Vietnam. Changing experiences of democracy in Southeast Asia South East Asia just like any other part of the world has experienced hard times in terms of democracy. Looking at Malaysia for instance, one can say it has come a long way in the realization of its democracy. Malaysia has had to control most of its critics who are against the government. This can be proved by the political arrest of deputy minister, Anwar in 1998. He was dismissed and subsequently arrested. This made a good number of people move out to the internet to protest his arrest. The allies of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohammed control the media making it partial to the government. During Anwar’s dismissal and particularly after a few months, over 50 websites emerged circulating letters everywhere in Malaysia. One Anwar’s website Anwar-on-line , his webmaster said the web had become more successful than he never expected ( Zain 1999 ). The government, however, attempted to control the use of the internet but could not manage it. According to a veteran journalist and a political commentator, Pillar, the government “does not know how it works, or how it can be used to spread information, or how it can be a useful armory in the cultural battle for the hearts and minds of the Malay community. Its opponent saw it as a practical tool to overcome the official and government control of mass media and took it like ducks to water”. (Zain 1999 ) Estimation shows that by the time the tenth general election took place n 29th Nov. 1999 the number of internet users in Malaysia had exceeded 500,000, rising to about 2 million in 2002 ( berita-keadilan.net ). However, given all these instances where Mahathir has always controlled almost everything in Malaysia, the recent impressive showing of the opposition in the poll saw Ruling National Front (RNF) coalition lose its dominant grip of power after forty 40 years. Till the recount poll, NF continued to enjoy a two-thirds majority in parliament consequently giving rise to strong autocratic leaders like former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohammed, who ruled for 22 years. The current prime minister, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi’s faces a new political reality after the governing coalition he led won 140 seats. “We are very pleased with the results, but it is clear that the issues we campaigned on like corruption, economy and high crime rate struck a chord with the electorate results are a landmark to democratic politics in the country” she added .
Introduction Dameron’s article titled “A man for All Semesters” explores misdeeds of Tomar as well as the indolent nature of learners in higher institutions. The article gives an account of how Dave Tomar made vast amounts of money by helping students to complete their assignments. Tomar earns a decent living from his work as a freelance writer in a custom essay company. The article explains how Tomar completed loads of papers for learners who were either indolent or not prepared for tasks associated with completion of their college, graduate and doctoral programs. The interest of learners is just to present exactly what the teacher asks for so that they can obtain excellent grades. Hence, they keep on confirming whether the writer is writing what the teacher requires. Also, Dameron uses some clients served, by Mr. Tomar, to show that these learners are not ready to think on their own at all. Rather, they expect Mr. Tomar to provide them with an excellent piece of work that meets the criteria asked for by their instructors. Besides, the article demonstrates parents to these learners as being key facilitators to the entire process of cheating in institutions of higher learning. Other aspects that this article explores are relationships between unemployment and academic cheating. Mr. Tomar was happy with his work as he could earn more than most of his peer lectures in prominent universities. Further, the article shows that the current university education in America has many shortcomings. Writing dissertations for the doctorate and graduate learners as well as completing term papers for college learners produces learners, who cannot think or apply education learnt to real situations. Besides, completing such vital tasks on behalf of learners leaves them with less time to study and learn. This, in turn, compromises the value and significance of education in American universities. As a result, these institutions end up producing graduates who cannot think critically, and whenever they find themselves in a situation that requires complex reasoning, they make efforts to contact freelance writers who can complete these tasks on their behalf. This article is of immense significance today to instructors, learners, readers and parents. The article demonstrates that current instructors have neglected their work of ensuring that learners present original work in higher institutions of learning. Whenever instructors offer assignments to learners, they have a responsibility of ensuring that learners submit their original work in order to maintain academic integrity. Besides, this article demonstrates that learners have lost moral values related to education and their parents are paying little attention to their misdeeds. Every time learners receive assignments while, in learning institutions, they should complete these assignments individually, or as required in order to avoid compromising values related to education. The current economic issues in the United States, particularly in the area of employments, may have made learners develop the ac