ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Summary In the present context of the world when science and technology are seen to be solely responsible for dramatic improvement in the lives of all human beings in almost all walks of life, it is regrettable to state that some social evils have also caught pace and are now haunting the entire world with their negative impact on society as a whole and individuals as units of this bigger whole. One such evil in today’s world that is seen as more like a growing challenge for both the developing and the technologically advanced countries is the increasing use of drugs (including alcohol) by young people as old as 13 years and their turning to the criminal conduct of violent and other activities. There is massive concern being raised in the world with regard to this social evil alone because of the mayhem it is creating for the world. Policymaking is seen as one single factor that can play a vital role in fighting this growing problem. A number of studies have been conducted to find out if there is any link between drug use by juveniles and their turning to criminal activities. However, current research also suggests that there are loopholes in the whole fabric of the research that needs to take into consideration before initiatives for solid policymaking can be undertaken. The present research proposal is one in the series to fill the gaps in the present research and find out if there is any link between juvenile drug use and criminal conduct. This way the study is very important because it aims to address this issue from a number of different angles with the hopes that the findings will prove highly significant both for future research and policymaking. The present research proposal addresses major areas like literature review; it discusses in detail the research methodology and its rationale to form the basis of data generation. Moreover, the data analysis section in also backed up by rationale to prove effective for the entire whole of the research. Proposed Study The proposed study aims to focus on the relationship between juvenile use of drugs and turning to criminal conduct while still under the influence of different substances like heroin, cocaine, marijuana, alcohol, and so on. The study undertakes a literature review in this section to bring forth important findings on drug-crime relations among young offenders and reaches a theory based on the literature review. A literature review is aimed to make connections with different findings on the concerned issue to form a cohesive whole for the present research. Literature Review Today crime committed by juveniles and their use of different drugs in this relation is being talked about with high concerns both by the authorities and the citizens. While conducting extensive research over the In
Abstract This paper explains the construction and culture of the Forestiere Underground Gardens in California. Forestiere built the structure at a time when people sought ways of evading severe climatic conditions. The purpose of the study is to describe the construction of the Forestiere Underground Gardens, the civilization, architecture and culture at the time. The research also explores the factors that led to the building of the gardens. It also examines how a modern underground structure would appear. It is evident that the gardens belong to the ancient Roman architecture. The Forestiere Underground Gardens use and reflect local materials and traditions. Introduction The Forestiere Underground Gardens lie in 5021 West Shaw Street in Fresno area, California. The gardens are about 40 years old. Baldasare Forestiere is the man responsible for building the gardens. He was an immigrant from Sicily. He was a Silicon refugee who moved to the United States in the year 1901 to avoid the tyrannical rule of his rich father. The gardens comprised of pathways, courts, and grottos that provided shelter to people who fled from harsh environmental conditions. This paper describes the construction and civilization of the Forestiere Underground Gardens. The study evaluates the ancient architecture and how Forestiere built the gardens. The research makes comparisons with modern architecture. The paper uses different ancient plans, and literature to draw a comparison between the architectural prototypes. The culture and civilization of the Forestiere Underground Gardens Forestiere constructed the Forestiere Underground Gardens during the civilization of ancient Roman architecture and religious tabernacles. Roman arches, columns, and domes built the tabernacles. Mr. Forestiere borrowed architectural ideas from the ancient Roman construction designs. Ancient Roman architecture created room for the promotion of new building styles. The Romans emulated the actions of their ancestors who made similar architectural formats. They wanted to work hard to produce new skills and improve on what their forefathers had created. The subject matter of Roman architecture involved the development of the standards of living of people in ancient times and solution of different problems in the society. Roman architecture thrived in the society during Forestiere’s earlier years, and he drew a lot of inspiration from the designs. Various attributes in the society like riches, population growth in towns and harsh climate compelled the Romans to design new types of architecture. The Romans wanted to make life easy for others
Introduction In the recent past, many organizations have come up with policies that foster the welfare and the general well-being of children and the underprivileged in the society. These groups are well established and have a good network that reaches as many people as possible. The groups are funded by the government or they may sometimes have their private means to meet their financial demands. The following is a brief insight into some of these groups, mainly based in America. Department of Public Welfare (DPW) The mission of DPW is to raise the quality of life, healthier, happier lives reduce dependency ratio; create a conducive environment for employees; protect and serve Pennsylvania’s citizens; and manage the available resources effectively (Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, 2011). The organization structure of DPW is very similar to its governance. It is made up of offices which are held by respective office holders. These offices include:   * Office of Administration   * Office of the Budget   * Office of General Counsel   * Office of Legislative Affairs   * Office of Policy Development   * Office of Press and Communications Services The services offered by DPW include:   * Promotion of Child welfare and justice of the minors;   * Creating opportunities for the children to develop and learn to their fullest potential;   * Provide customer service that is accessible and responsive to customer needs;   * Encourage an environment that supports open communication throughout the organization and with all customers;   * Promote an employee-friendly environment that encourages respectful treatment, empowerment and value of all employees;   * Transform the children’s behavioral health system to a system that is family driven and youth guided;   * Implement services and policies to support recovery and resiliency in the adult behavioral health system. Responsibilities   * To implement mandatory managed care all over the state.   * To expand home and community based services.   * To improve the quality of services to consumers and providers in all the health care delivery systems.   * Facilitate recovery for adults and resiliency for children.   * Ensure that health service providers recognize and accommodate the unique needs of older members of the society. The Build Initiative The mission of Build Initiative is to help each participating state coordinate and integrate its programs, policies and services that promote the welfare of children under the age of five (Build Initiative, 2009). This is achieved by mainly emphasizing on their general quality care and promoting early education. Services The Build Initiative helps states create comprehensive and effective early childhood systems. They have put in place policies that address children’s health, mental health and nutrition
In the context of the 21st century, nursing practice has become one of the most required occupations, yet is considerably underestimated. While the focus is always being placed on doctors, nurses are the ones who assist professionals and should have the appropriate competence level. During the course “Emerging Areas on Human Health,” the major focus was placed on the issue of diagnostic and management decisions in terms of modern nursing practice. In order to master the professional skills of advanced nursing practice, it is crucial to obtain profound knowledge of the sphere, paying attention to health outcomes defined by certain biological or social predispositions. According to the researchers, the previous nursing system, unlike advanced nursing, did not have a measurable way of quality assessment (Rabelo‐Silva et al., 2017). Thus, during this course, attention was drawn to the qualitative aspect of the professional assessment. Although every subject covered during the class was of significant importance for future occupation, there are three issues that, in my opinion, should be devoted particular attention to. The first issue concerns modern genetics development, which is gaining a completely new perspective in terms of today’s technological revolution. The second problem refers to the population’s aging and ways to deal with the increased demand for caregiving. Finally, the issue of ethical and legal consideration is extremely relevant today in the context of growing diversity and discrimination across the state. Genetics A considerable part of the course was dedicated to the fundamentals of genetics for the reason of its significance in today’s medical studies. Quite often, people tend to undermine the importance of inheritance when diagnosing a patient. However, when not paid attention, genetics still have a solid impact on the disease roots, and sometimes may even serve as the only appropriate explanation to one’s condition. In the course of the discussion, the significance of the genomic test was described from both researcher’s and patient’s perspectives. For instance, US residents are now struggling with wheartarth disease issues and stroke due to their behavioral patterns and lack of proper nutrition. However, if all the patience with heart issues predisposition knew about this risk, their attitude towards health could be changed for the sake of safety. Thus, the future of genomic testing in screening will provide a series of benefits for health care and individual treatment. The benefit, however, concerns not only the patients’ heat alth at the current stage. As it was mentioned in one of the assigned readings for the course, the ability of genetic research allows the sphere of medicine to investigate all the possible implications of a certain genetic code (Rosenbaum, 2017). Hence, by paying meticulous attention to genomic tests, the sphere of preventative medicine can be revolutionized
It is apparent that formal education has the strongest influence on mathematical achievement (Marmasse, Bletsas, & Marti, 2000). Focus of the traditional arithmetic curricula on the basic numerical skills helps children develop their innate abilities and acquire new ones. The concept of numbers undergoes a progressive transformation with the development of a kid (Ojose, 2008). In the words of a Professor Stanislas Dehaene (1997) “every human brain is endowed with a primal number sense, an intuition about numerical relations. Whatever is different in adult brains is the result of successful education, strategies, and memorization” (p. 34). It is important that a teacher understands the level at which each child in a class operates to plan stage-appropriate activities accordingly and thereby accelerate their cognitive development (Ojose, 2008). This paper will explore the scenario in which an eight-year-old second-grade primary student Olivia has completed an assessment item on the concepts in the mathematics strand called Number. The focus will be on the child’s answers that reveal her developmental level of understanding. Addition and Subtraction The student demonstrated the understanding of mathematical methods and described them using mathematical language (MA1-1WM). She clearly explained mathematical situations using such words as counting on, counting back, plus, minus, total and double. Her conclusions were supported by the use of objects and diagrams. The student was able to apply efficient mental strategies to solve simple addition and subtraction problems with one and two-digit numbers (MA1-5NA). Specifically, Olivia used doubles and near doubles for simple addition problems and without difficulty mentally combined pairs of numbers that add to ten when appropriate (BOSTES, 2016). However, Olivia struggled with counting back. It is important for the student to remember forward and backward counting sequences so sh
The documentary depicts one of the most tragic periods in the US history. The film starts with the characterization of the time when the events happened. The narrator remarks that in October 1929, when not only America but also the whole world was dismayed by the crash on the stock market. Despite the promises given by the President and the leaders of finance, the situation did not improve. Instead, more and more people were losing their jobs and housing. By 1932, 12 million citizens were “unemployed and desperate” ( The Great Depression: 1929-1939 ). The narrator remarks that people were losing hope, and no one knew how to improve the situation. Several ways of meeting the new challenges are described:  1. finding a job (which was frequently impossible),  2. cutting down on expenditures,  3. relying on charity. A highly unpleasant situation with the food prices decline is depicted: in 1932, people would rather burn corn for fuel than sell it to buy coal ( The Great Depression: 1929-1939 ). The narrator then goes on to explain how Roosevelt’s New Deal programs increased the Americans’ faith in the better future. The second part of the documentary focuses on the annulment of prohibition and how individuals used to entertain themselves. Comedy shows and musical performances used to get people distracted from their problems. Taking pictures with cameras and playing Monopoly became some of the most popular pastimes. Meanwhile, by the end of the Great Depression, another threat, a military one, was waiting “just around the corner” ( The Great Depression: 1929-1939 ). The documentary ends with the analysis of the Neutrality Act and the prospects of its being altered. Work Cited The Great Depression: 1929-1939 . Produced by Communications Park Video, 1981.
The notion of human dignity is, by all means, central to the medical practice in terms of providing quality care regardless of one’s appearance or moral attributes. As far as the Christian perspective of care is concerned, one of the primary notions is the idea that every human being is created in the likeness of God, or imago Dei (Grand Canyon University, 2020). Because of this, it is believed that the human existence created by God gives people the ability to exercise the service of God to assist and do good on a daily basis. Indeed, the whole implication of medical practice supports the idea that human beings are designed in the likeness of God in order to provide assistance. However, another implication of the imago Dei idea is the fact that every human being created by God has autonomy and moral dignity that cannot be disrupted or taken away by anyone else (Grand Canyon University, 2020). In the sphere of clinical practice, it encourages practitioners to respect the patients’ dignity and autonomy when providing assistance, as their primary goal is to help people recover from disease for them to continue exercising their mission on earth. However, while constantly evolving, the existing model of clinical practice presents a variety of ethical challenges for health care, including the processes of terminating life such as euthanasia and abortion, or “artificial” creation of life with the help of in-vitro fertilization or surrogate. In my opinion, the complexity of modern society allows for the critical evaluation of medical practice, including various ethical appraisals of a situation, putting the actor in the center. For this reason, it may be concluded that the concept of imago Dei should be used in medical practice in order to emphasize the importance of autonomy and human dignity but not to control human actions through the lens of religious and spiritual dogmas. While it is difficult to describe the scope or complexity of modern society, it is of paramount importance to take it into account when helping people in their decision to exercise their autonomy. Reference Grand Canyon University. (2020). Practicing dignity: An introduction to Christian values and decision making in health care . Web.
Introduction Analytic philosophy and logics are the closely related branches of the human thought. Logics presents formulas of the correct thought development, while the analytic philosophy puts these formulas into practice. The two most notable representatives of these branches are Bertrand Russell and G. E. Moore respectively. This paper will analyze the role of the logics and analytic philosophy in the overall philosophical ideas of these authors, and consider the impact of Gottlob Frege’s ideas upon the philosophy of Bertrand Russell. Main body To start with, it is necessary to state that Bertrand Russell (1872 – 1970) is the famous British philosopher, logician and mathematician who established the integral connection between mathematical and logical ideas (Bailie, 2002). Accordingly, the role of the symbolic logics is crucial in the development of his philosophical thought. To exemplify this, the so-called “Russell’s Paradox” and the defending logicism can be mentioned. The former is the idea according to which any set of objects can not be its own member. On the contrary, if the set is such a member in itself, it inevitably stops being the member of itself. The defending logicism, however, is a more logical idea stating that all mathematical symbols can be used as the units of logical assumptions, as well as all the mathematical operations with numbers and functions can be used to interpret the logical ideas. According to this logicism, Russell put logics above mathematics making the latter only a subdivision of logics (Bailie, 2002). Thus, it is obvious that the symbolic logics played the crucial role in the philosophy by Bertrand Russell. However, the influence of the ideas by Gottlob Frege is also obvious in his work. Mr. Frege was a confident defender of
The anti-saloon league was initially referred to as the National Anti-Saloon League which was founded on December 18, 1895, in Washington, D.C as a result of the union between American temperance organization which was founded on May 24, 1893, by the temperance advocates in Ohio and a similar organization which was founded later in the same year. In 1909, the League moved its national headquarters from Washington, DC to Westerville, Ohio. The American temperance organization aimed to enforce the existing temperance laws, unite public anti-alcohol sentiment, as well as enacting new anti-alcohol legislation. The core founders of this organization felt that the moral standards of the Americas were on the decline as many people become urbanized (Author, 2003) thus losing touch with the religious values, where the majority went ahead to violate God’s desires by consumption of alcohol. Anti-Saloon League and Its Operations In the early 20 th century the anti-
Is It an Addiction? The computer game industry is now one of the fastest growing industries worldwide. Millions of people play various computer games. Clearly, children and teenagers are major users of these products but there are many gamers among adults as well. There is a wide range of games and genres, each person chooses a game or even a virtual world to his/her liking. Some people are too absorbed by the virtual world and computer games become an addiction. Nonetheless, it is rather an issue of the human psychology than of the product, as only certain people prefer the virtual to the real world. Players as Moral Beings It is necessary to note that ethics and morality of computer games have been a focus of scholarly research for a number of years (Ford, 2001). Researchers state that the virtual world is a moral world and, hence, players are moral beings. This assumption is justified by the fact that there are some rules in games and players follow those rules, which creates a certain moral paradigm (Sicart, 2005). An example of such moral rules is the peculiarity of many games where players cannot destroy players of their team or other characters (for example, hostages) (Sicart, 2011). Therefore, it is possible to state that players are moral beings that have a specific code of conduct and this code creates the bonds and makes up a community. Product Placement in Computer Games Obviously, being a multibillion industry, computer games are seen as a world of many opportunities for advertisers. Product placement has become quite a common thing for cinematography and television. It is clear that such type of media as computer games can also be of interest to advertisers. Product placement is quite appropriate when it comes to advertising aimed at adults. However, there can be certain ethical issues related to advertising aimed at children. Clearly, in such games, product placement should be minimum and developers of games have to be very responsible (avoid advertising potentially harmful products). Are There Gender Differences? It is possible to note that virtual worlds that have been created are very diverse. They respond to needs and aspirations of different groups of people. Of course, there are certain gender differences in this sphere as well. Sicart (2011) notes that the majority of virtual worlds are dominated by males, and females who also want to enter the world and participate in its creation may face certain difficulties (for example, some kind of discrimination, lack of support or communication and so on). However, there are various worlds where females are dominating (Sims can be seen as one of the examples of the game for females). Males prefer action and creating stories (races, shooting, analysing positions) while females prefer storytelling and details (adventures, searching for details, creating worlds). Honour among Gamers Sinc