ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The selected resource presents a simulator of farming in the counties of the less developed areas that are often called as 3rd world countries. At the first stages of the game, a player has only a simple dwelling, a family consisting of four members, and a field that can be used for raising crops. During the game, an individual faces multiple challenges while trying to earn money and align the effective work of this farm. The problems might include corrupted officials, various diseases, poor weather conditions, an activity of poachers, and bank failures. These factors impact the available sum of money, the health and the state of family members, and future actions. Additionally, a player can build some infrastructure and contribute to the development of the area by investing earned money in various facilities. The given simulator can be considered a potent tool that can be used by educators in the social studies classroom. The fact is that today technologies are integrated into the curriculum to achieve better results and differentiate ways in which knowledge can be attained (Delvin-Scherer & Sardone, 2010). At the same time, social studies classrooms have always been associated with games, and role-play activities that have the high efficiency regarding a need to provide learners with information that can help them to get the improved understanding of the studied issue (Delvin-Scherer & Sardone, 2010). The 3rd World Farmer combines both elements mentioned above as it provides an opportunity to investigate problems that might emerge in a number of counties that are affected by multiple negative factors. For instance, every turn a player experiences a new problem that is typical for the countries of the discussed region. The improved understanding of these problems is the key to the acquisition of relevant knowledge. Thus, multiple illnesses that emerge because of the poorly developed healthcare sector and infrastructure might result in the failure and prevent a player from winning a game. An educator can emphasize this fact by explaining what diseases are considered the most topical for various regions and attracting students’ attention to the necessity to provide appropriate care to individuals to improve the situation and guarantee the improved quality of life. Another way in which the stimulator can be used, is the demonstration of the peculiarities of the legal framework as corruption, the activity of poachers, and unfair authorities are one of the most common problems emerging during the game. An educator’s main task is to explain the main causes of the appearance of these problems and the background that preconditions the formation of a particular environment (Delvin-Scherer & Sardone, 2010). At the same time, individuals can discuss possible solutions to pro
In web design, there are numerous solutions, both open source and proprietary, developed for use by the designers. This has seen the quick evolution in design technologies and elegance. According to Jacobson (2007), among the available solutions is Joomla, which is an open source, content management system. Joomla is a powerful tool that enables web designers to build powerful online applications and websites. Joomla is reportedly among the most popular tools in web design and is based on the PHP and MySQL technologies. The advantage of using Joomla includes the fact that the software is open source, therefore, free. Joomla is also a fully fledged content management system with many plug-in such as chats, communities, forums and events. Moreover, it offers a deep level navigation with sections and categories. The disadvantage is the use of large learning curve and slow loading time. In case the layout changes; development becomes clumsy (Jacobson, 2007). XDev development software is a proprietary web development solution. It uses a combination of web development solutions such as ASP.net, XML, Microsoft IIS, MySQL among others. The advantage of using XDev is its flexibility, which enables the development of custom websites. The main disadvantage lies in the cost and the large learning curve associated with its use (Greenberg, 2008). Finally, WordPress is an open source software solution for web development. This software is lightweight with articles sorted by date. However, the database queries are heavy, and have limited administration possibilities in some of the sections (Greeberg, 2008). I would prefer Joomla as a web development tool due to the large online development community and the availability of online tutorials. In the development of shopping cart programs, a number of solutions are available. Interspire is a proprietary shopping cart development solution that is rich in many of the shopping cart features. The software is browser based with different design possibilities and drag-drop features. Interspire’s features allow for mobile commerce and shopping comparison. It uses novel technologies, that the developer may need a considerable amount of learning time (Kahn, 2002). X-Cart is an open source, and shopping cart software. It has features that are easy to use with advanced features that improve user experience. However, the software is cumbersome and may require advanced knowledge for the developer. In choosing suitable shopping cart software, I would prefer X-Cart since it has many advanced features. Moreover, X-Cart has online resources that would make learning, development and maintenance easy (Kahn, 2002). Just like many other categories of software solutions, payment software solutions are numerous. Auric system is a software solution for implementation of payment processing systems. The product is easy to install, maintain and use. It also offers a h
Introduction Transfer of training is not a new concept but has been there as long as human beings have worked. It can be defined as the ability of an individual or trainees to apply the acquired skills, knowledge as well as behavior in different situations. It could also be termed as the degree to which trainees put into practice (in jobs) the attitudes, behaviors, skills and knowledge they acquired through training. This is a very crucial aspect that should be enhanced for an organization to prosper through making good use of the potential possessed by employees for the purpose of achieving success and profitability (Broad, 2005). This piece of work looks at the concept of transfer of training with much emphasis being given to the factors that play a role in the success of the process and the challenges involved. Transfer of Training The process of transfer of training is complex but essential and should therefore be handled with a lot of concern since it determines the performance of employees in an organization to a very great extent. There are various factors that determine the degree of success of the process of transfer of training, some of them being; training design, the characteristics of individual trainee as well as environmental and situation in which training and transfer takes place. Training design and trainee characteristics usually have a direct impact while the context of training and transfer usually affect the process in a rather indirect manner. An effective training design facilitates transfer of training and vice versa. The training design can be made effective by making sure that the training programs are in line with an organization’s goals and objectives. The trainee’s learning outcomes should also be clearly stipulated in accordance to workplace expectations. Characteristic of individual participants could be enhanced through effective training, selection as well as induction into an organization which enhance adaptability. The workplace environment should always foster transfer of training. The training environment should be in line with the workplace environment to avoid conflict that may hinder smooth transfer of training (Koster, 2007). Transfer of Training: Challenges The process of transfer of training is not usually smooth but rather faced with some challenges, which should be handled to make it a success. Some of the challenges associated with transfer of training include; negative attitudes of the trainees where they are not ready/ confident to easily apply what they have learnt, conflicting working environments where the work place policies are quite different from what was taught during training and poor policies that do not foster smooth transfer of training. Some of t
Introduction Written by Sue Monk Kidd in 2002, The Secret Life of Bees is a chef-d’oeuvre book about love, betrayal, loss, and hope. Gina Prince-Bythewood adapted the book into an informative film in 2008 using the same title as the book. The story revolves around a 14-year-old girl known as Lily, the protagonist, who has to live in solitude after the death of her mother, Deborah. Lily’s father, T. Ray, is irresponsible, and thus the protagonist has to depend on her nanny, Rosaleen, for comfort and survival. The Secret Life of Bees correlates with the story of Ruth in the Bible in different aspects. For instance, the themes of loss and love stand out in the two stories. Other shared themes include motherhood 1 , sisterhood, and religion among others. This paper explores the movie, The Secret Life of Bees, and its correlation with the story of Ruth in the Bible. The Secret Life of Bees and its correlates with the story of Ruth In the movie, Lily, the protagonist, resembles the biblical Ruth in different ways. In the Bible, Ruth suddenly becomes a widow after the death of her husband in the land of Moab, and she vows to stick with her mother-in-law, Naomi. Ruth vows, “Do not urge me to leave you or turn back from following you; for where you go, I will go, and where you lodge, I will lodge. Your people shall be my people, and your God, my God.” 2 Therefore, Naomi assumes the role of a mother takes care of Ruth as her child. Similarly, Lily decides to stick to her nanny, Rosaleen, because her father is abusive. To show her commitment to sticking to her nanny, Lily breaks Rosaleen out of an infirmary where she is hospitalized following an attack by a group of racists. 3 After the escape, the two head towards an unfamiliar town known as Tiburon, S.C. perhaps to lead a normal life. These occurrences evoke the theme of motherhood that stands out conspicuously in the movie and the biblical story of Ruth. In both cases, the protagonists, viz. Lily and Ruth, stick to women who act as mothers to them. Both, Lily and Ruth, are accepted in homes where they do not belong. Upon reaching Tiburon, Lily and Rosaleen find the Boatwright’s residence where they are welcomed and accepted as part of the family. Rosaleen is assigned light duties in the house while Lily is allowed to learn the art of beekeeping through apprenticeship. Similarly, after Ruth and Naomi reach Bethlehem, their home place, Naomi is accepted into the Boaz’s field where she does not belong. Just as Lily is unsure of what to expect from the Boatwrights, Ruth cannot tell how Boaz will react after learning that she is gleaning on his field. However, just as August embraces Lily into her family, Boaz allows Ruth to glean on his farm. He even permits her to stay with his women servants working on the farm. B
Introduction The use of internet in the world is known to be increasing yearly, based on technological innovations. Currently, it is approximated that 1.11 billion people used the internet in 2007, 1.67billion in 2009 and 1.97 billion in 2010. This proves that internet use among teenagers is ever increasing in the digitally literate countries. Upward trend in the internet usage can be attributed to the needs and motivation among individuals. For instance, the need for information and communication, as well as motivation for entertainment has pushed people to adopt internet usage across the world. Review of existing literature proves that the internet has several advantages that cannot be disputed by any person. However, the same internet is blamed for causing social problems among the teenagers such as rape, early marriages and other social crimes, mainly because the internet is unregulated and is used excessively by the youths. In 2008, Morahan-Martin examined the effects associated with the internet and concluded that many people abuse the internet meaning that the internet is used by some individuals negatively, either to affect their own lives or the lives of other societal members. Some scholars such as Young (1998) refer to this condition as internet addiction, meaning a type of impulse control turmoil. In general, the internet is accused of changing an individual’s school and work associated activities, interpersonal relations, mood swings. Due to the above problems, this paper will conduct a study to establish the facts and recommend solutions to the existing internet associated problems. The paper will first look at the problem in detail before proceeding to review existing literature. The researcher will then conduct an experiment by employing a particular research design. Problem Statement In the contemporary society, the rate at which teenagers embrace digital technologies is higher as compared to the rate at which adults adopt it. In the US for instance, age group belonging to 16-24 uses the internet more than any other age group in the country. In 2009, one of the research firms referred to as comScore reported that 15-year-old teenagers used the internet more than any other group in Europe. It is therefore factual that teenagers use the internet more than any other group, meaning that they are vulnerable to internet addiction or abuse. This would further cause instabilities in families and in society generally. Since teenagers are the main customers of internet products and are drivers of digital contents, they are prone to manipulation in the market. Many producers target the youths by designing goods that would appeal to their feelings, lifestyles and standards. Since each producer targets them, teenagers find themselves in tricky situations as regards to internet use. Psychologists observe that teenagers are always unlike since the adolescent stage of development tempts them to engage in funny behaviors. Therefore, the internet would only exist to worsen the situation. Based on this fact, researchers and
The Fundamentals of PKI A basic public key infrastructure comprises several elements that include certain policies, software, and hardware and is intended to manage the creation and distribution of digital certificates and keys. Digital certificates, on the other hand, can be considered the core of a PKI because they are used to create a linkage between the public key and the subject of a given certificate. Other key elements are outlined further:   * The first element is termed a “certificate authority” (CA). It is a service provider that is used to maintain authorization procedures (regarding the end-users, computers, or any other entities).   * The second element is termed a “registration authority.” For the most part, it is also known as a subordinate certificate authority because it is utilized to grant root access to specific users (Pfleeger, Pfleeger, & Margulies, 2015).   * The third element is a database that is used to store certificates and information regarding revocations, requests, and other activities.   * The fourth element is a certificate store that is used to keep the information regarding private keys or any of the certificates that were issued earlier. After the identities of the end-users are verified by the CA, several digital certificates are issued. Then, a self-signed CA is utilized to disclose a public key to the parties that have access to it and enables a private key that safeguards the disclosed data. Another notion that is worth mentioning is a “chain of trust.” It can be explained by the root CAs that are embedded, for instance, in Web browsers and are enabled by default. The information regarding algorithms is also contained in these digital certificates. PKI and the Company’s Software One of how a PKI could help during the process of signing the company’s software is a solution that is solely based on the complexity of environments that are in control of testing and development environments. Therefore, the authenticity of the software can be tested using deploying a test certificate server that will deploy a test root certificate (Sinn, 2015). Microsoft’s Active Directory CA Services can be used to perform this task, but the option of Group Policy should be turned on so that certificates could be easily revoked and managed. Other tools can be used (such as OpenCA or EJBCA) but there is also a variety of way to deploy the CA testing procedure:   * First, the certificates should be issued to all CA testers and developers that are involved (Wu & Irwin, 2016).   * Second, certain requests to the server regarding the enrollment of certificat
The Charrette design involves using group work to make decisions on specific details. It consists in combining different skills from different people to make decisions and determine the outcome of an event. Every investor aims to maximize profits from their investments and protect their public image. This information aiding in decision-making is retrievable from the previous periods’ financial statements. The report below indicates the structure of the final report and highlights the model that the team will apply when filling the excel workbook and its benefits. The Three-Statement Model The excel workbook will comprise the three-statement model that includes the financial statements in a single worksheet. The significant financial statements, in this case, are the income statement, the balance sheet, and the cash flow statement (Ariana, Jaya, and Mahayana, 2019. p. 320). This way, the first tab – labeled “income statement” – will include all the components that are necessary to illustrate the net income of the entity (total revenue and total expenses in details). The second tab – labeled “balance sheet” – is to comprise the data on assets and liabilities of the company within a single sheet, including total assets, total liabilities, and shareholder equity. Finally, tab three – labeled “cash flow statement” – will reflect cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities. The combination of the three reports will form the consolidated financial statement. The three-statement model consolidates all accounts together to ease the data analyzing process (Jones, Long, and Stanley, 2019, p. 46). The three-statement model is accommodative and well-structured to have all the relevant information. There is the determination of the assumptions that drive the forecast of the expected outcomes in the final report. The third step involves forecasting the expected results and then capital assets. Stage five of making the excel worksheet is forecasting the financial activity, whereas stage six is forecasting the balance sheet. The last stage is completing the cash flow statement; different statements are reconciled and placed together to conclude. The compilations of the financial statements in a single worksheet ample the decision-making process. The Structure of the Final Report The final report will contain the guidelines on the best option the investor should invest in based on the drawings from various research. The group will adhere to the following protocols when creating the report. First, each member will receive a section to research thoroughly, and later, they will return their findings for discussion among the entire group. After discussing the findings, the members will compile the work together by selecting the most vital parts for consideration. The final report will comprise the introduction, the methodology section, the body, the conclusion, and the recommendation sections. First, the introduction will highlight the significant points and t
The main material for the production of a folding carton is cardboard, which is regarded as a cost-efficient and ecologic material with fine mechanical characteristics and printing properties. It has many advantages that define its widespread use in the production of different types of packaging, and it is associated with the use of various printing techniques. One of the crucial stages of packaging development is printing design, and the overall success of the product in the market may significantly depend on the quality of operations at this phase of package manufacturing. Nowadays, the most popular methods of printing on cardboard are offset printing and flexography. However, it is considered that the selection of these techniques is more appropriate for large production runs, and their use in smaller runs is associated with significant cost inefficiency. To achieve greater cost efficiency and printing quality for smaller production volumes, it can be suggested to use such methods as digital printing, and risograph printing as their implementation helps to reduce the time of packaging production, faster customization of design without the involvement of skilled specialists. Digital printing implies the production of replicable items mediated through the implementation of digital machines that print the information uploaded from the electronic carriers and stations. This technique allows the obtainment of both multicolored and monochrome prints of high quality, and it can be implemented for multiple materials. Digital printing is one of the most efficient and cheap methods of printing for smaller production runs ( Shifting to digital label printing , 2016). Moreover, prior to the printing of a batch, it is possible to print a sample which is impossible to get in offset printing as the time-consuming and cost-consuming prepress preparations are required for this. Thus, the digital method facilitates the design amending, the printing of variable data, and printing personalization ( Shifting to digital label printing , 2016). The major precedence of digital printing over offset printing is the speed of finished items’ production. Along with the mentioned advantages, this technique is associated with a good quality of printing due to high resolution and high-frequency linearity of the printed images and templates ( Shifting to digital label printing , 2016). Computerization of the printing process allows us to avoid overlay of colors and allows the disguising of defects, which ca
Introduction When we hear the word “model”, everyone may get different associations. In fact, models are a part of our daily life, they surround us, and we use them constantly. Before discussing the notion of model, let us clarify its meaning by providing definitions from some of the English dictionaries. Thus, a model is:   * “a thing used as an example to follow or imitate” (Oxford Dictionary of English, 423)   * “a simplified description, especially a mathematical one, of a system or process, to assist calculations and predictions” (Oxford Dictionary of English, 423)   * “a standard to be imitated” (Collins English Dictionary, 267)   * “a representative form, style, or pattern” (Collins English Dictionary, 267) Despite the differences in definition formulation, the general concept of the notion is clear. A model serves as a template for working in different areas, including various sciences. So what is the role of models in our life? In this paper, we will try to investigate the role of models of various spheres and their influence on our gain of knowledge. Talking about the role of models in the gain of knowledge, it is important to note that the knowledge is not limited by the concrete information received in the process of studying. In this paper, the conception of knowledge will be used in its widest meaning, including the a priori knowledge, gained knowledge, personal experience, abstract knowledge, and unconscious knowledge. It will be demonstrated later in the paper that models are integrated into all the mentioned sorts of k