ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Uniqlo Company Limited is a Japanese firm that deals with designing, manufacturing, and retailing casual wear fashion products. The firm was founded in 1949 at Ube in Yaamaguchi Prefecture. The firm operates a fully consolidated subsidiary of Fast Retailing Company Limited and its headquarters are located at Tokyo, Japan. Fast Retailing Company Limited adopted different strategies in its pursuit for competitive advantage. For example, in 1997, the firm adopted the private-label strategy, which was one of the major strategies used by The Gap – a major American retailer. Fast Retailing Company established its first Uniqlo store in Tokyo in 1998 and later spread to other cities. In 2001, Uniqlo integrated internationalisation as one of its strategic actions. Consequently, the firm separated from the parent company, viz. Fast Retailing Company Limited. This move led to the establishment of outlets in different parts of the world. In 2002, Uniqlo established its first outlet in London. Currently, the firm operates 10 stores in different parts of the UK. Nine of the firm’s stores are situated in Greater London. However, Uniqlo experienced a number of challenges after entering the UK retail industry, which led to a significant decline in the volume of sales. The UK fashion industry has undergone remarkable growth over the past two decades. Thompson (2012, par.1) asserts that the ‘industry is the most internationalised and fiercely competitive retail sectors, while structural changes have changed the way fashion retailers do business’. This paper focuses on Uniqlo’s competitive position in the UK clothing retail industry. Findings of the study will give the firm’s management team insight on the best practices that it can adopt in order to gain sufficient competitive advantage. The paper focuses on internal and external business environments, with specific reference to the Uniqlo Company in the UK. Moreover, the paper evaluates the various strategies that Uniqlo should consider in order to improve its competitive advantage. Market analysis Businesses are subject to changes emanating from the environment of operations, which is comprised of external and internal environments (Baker 20
The Residential Programs for Teens is a program that Red Mountain Colorado introduced. It states that its primary goal is to “empower teens to build healthy coping skills and habits that they can use to work through the challenges they face” (“Residential Programs”, n.d., para. 1). Children of both genders from twelve to eighteen who participate in this program are subject to support from employees and those who find themselves in the same situation. The technique used in Red Mountain Colorado includes adventure, meditation, yoga and martial arts (“ADHD Treatment Center”, n.d.). The program managers are convinced that this approach will help develop concentration, and self-esteem, improve social ties and increase self-effectiveness. ADHD is a complex problem requiring multi-step steps and an integrated approach. Giannotta and Rydell highlight that “children with significant attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms are at heightened risk for symptoms of depression in adolescence” (p. 40). Even though the Red Mountain Colorado program seems quite valuable for children, it requires small additions. So, in addition to various activities, it is necessary to introduce mandatory work with specialists in psychology into the plan. The psychological correction will help to relieve anxiety, develop communication skills and improve thinking and attention. In addition to mental treatment, it is also necessary to involve physiological treatment. The first thing organizations need to include in the program is bringing the spine into the correct position. To do this, they need the help of a specialist such as an osteopath or an orthopedic neurologist. For the child’s spine’s physical development, doing a strengthening massage and specific exercises daily for several months is necessary. The importance of combating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is particularly vital in adolescents because, at this age, they undergo many psychological changes. Moreover, at this time, moodiness is increasing and the number of conflicts with peers has risen significantly. In addition, young people become more self-focused and self-conscious. It is crucial to conduct work and educational conversations with children to spread awareness that there are people with disabilities who directly affect how they communicate with others.
Social factors have always been a determinant element in the effectiveness of K-12 education. Various researches done on the effectiveness of K-12 education in public schools indicate that social factors such as poverty, crime, dugs and teenage pregnancies are a major influence on the effectiveness of education. In this respect, poverty can be claimed to be the leading factor that negatively impacts K-12 education. Lacking financial ability to pay for a quality education or any other facilities affiliated with K-12 education has been limiting learners to achieve their academic goals. On the same note, education institutions lack basic necessities required to provide for adequate education due to poverty. There are numerous examples, where schools have been unable to access or procure the required teaching amenities like books, qualified teachers, desks, chairs and classrooms. As indicated earlier, poverty has a very negative impact on learners as well as the society. In fact, education is a basic need that has a cause- effect relationship on other key issues in individuals or society’s growth and development. For example, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs requires that individuals must first attain psychological needs. Education offers psychological needs for the purpose of human survival. The lack of good educations results to poverty. Consequently, this poverty results to growth of individuals who don’t have knowledge or skills to survive in a progressive community. Basically, poverty leads to lack of safety in the education system. For example, education institutions are unable to procure essential teaching amenities. Poor learners who do not access education are vulnerable to lack of safety as far as the hierarchy of needs is concerned. An example of such is when a poor society is not able to access health, employment opportunities and resources. In many of the communities, the uneducated are always the most vulnerable individuals. Such individuals indulge in crime and lack a sense of belonging and self-esteem. It is evident that education offers people with self-actualization. When the society does not educate its people, there is always a danger that such a society lacks individuals who can offer life-solving decisions. It is important to remember that education is critical to providing and teaching morality in a society. If such education lacks due to poverty, a society is also susceptible to prejudice and immorality. The solution to poverty in the K-12 education can be found in the protection and accountability of the No Child Left behind Act that was established in the year 2001. This act acclaims that all children have the same right to undergo education as any other child. In this context, the federal government has no alternative but to supplement education in public schools. In this accord, low-income families will educate their children without worries. In fact, the federal governments should harness the use of education funds, by ensuring that schools effectively allocate funds to supplement provision of education services to all le
Many students across the world, especially those from developing and emerging economies, continue to seek for educational opportunities in the developed world. International education is expensive by any standards, but cost factors alone have failed to dissuade students from seeking education in foreign countries. This brief essay purposes to demonstrate the reasons why foreign education is worth the price. The first reason deals with the quality of education provided in home countries. Many of the college certificates offered in home countries, especially in the developing world, are not recognized in international job markets. Students undergoing these systems of education are constricted in their opportunities for career choices due to the low quality of education, not mentioning that they are unable to secure employment outside their home countries because the certificates received from their respective home colleges cannot be recognized elsewhere. However, most foreign-based educational institutions are recognized for offering quality education and students who have passed through these systems can be assured of getting employment anywhere across the world. The second reason deals with the exposure students get upon travelling abroad to enroll into the foreign-based educational institutions. It is often said that students need to be exposed to a whole range of variables for them to succeed in their career life, with two of the most important variables being interpersonal socialization and cultural socialization. International education guarantees that students develop their socialization capacities in the two fronts not only because of exposure to a diverse cultural set up in the university, but also due to constant engagement with other students from all over the world. This kind of exposure is critical in developing a future professional in any career field. The third reason deals with scarcity of educational institutions in home countries. There exist scenarios where students have performed exemplarily well in their high school examinations only for them to be locked out of the local universities due to lack of places to accommodate them. In such situations, it is always plausible to look elsewhere to secure quality institutions where these students will progress their education for future career endeavors. It may appear costly to enroll abroad for lack of places at the local universities, but the education received abroad will certainly pay dividends in the future. The last reason, which is intrinsically tied to the third, deals with pursuing an educational direction that is of core interest to the student rather than going to the university for the sake of getting post-secondary education and certification. Due to constrained resources in many home countries
Abstract The paper discusses the interpretation of gunshot residue (GSR) evidence and how it can provide valuable insights into activities associated with the use of a firearm and connect them to a person of interest in a criminal investigation. The paper also outlines the general principles of the interpretation of analytic results and frameworks used by forensic practitioners. It is argued that there are two approaches to the interpretation of GSR evidence irrespective of its origin or methods adopted: formal and case-by-case. The latter approach is commonly applied by forensic scientists because it helps them to take into consideration specific circumstances of a case. The case-by-case approach to the interpretation of GSR evidence is rooted in the use of the Bayes’ theorem, which allows calculating the likelihood ratios of competing hypotheses. The paper also discusses the details of People v. Robert Blake to show the application of competing propositions at the source and activity levels in the interpretation process. Introduction The interpretation of the evidence is at the core of forensic science; therefore, aspiring forensic experts have to utilise coherent, logical frameworks for ascribing meaning to and making inferences about single or multiple items of evidence. It is of utter importance to have a deep understanding of the theory of interpretation to make informed choices of different interpretations pertinent to a particular field of activity. The understanding of competing interpretation frameworks is especially important for judging the validity of firearm discharge residue (FDR) evidence or gunshot residue (GSR) evidence interpretation due to the stochastic process of residues formation (Ditrich 2012). The aim of this paper is to discuss the interpretation frameworks and issues associated with GSR evidence. The paper will also discuss general principles of evidence interpretation and how they help to arrive at a balanced expert opinion that can be used to inform parties in legal proceedings. Background Forensic specialists recognise that interpretations of forensic evidence are prone to the introduction of errors, which can have substantial consequences in legal contexts. It follows that practitioners’ interpretation should be performed within logically-consistent frameworks irrespective of adopted methods (Morrison 2014). The importance of this assertion is emphasised by the fact that the analytical dimension is only one sphere of forensic experts’ interest. The other one is concerned with judicial and investigative aims of the trade, which necessitates the cooperation with numerous stakeholders in the legal process. The modern forensic science relies heavily on the principles of Bayesian reasoning. These principles allow to reason under uncertainty and communicate results of the reasoning in an effective manner. A forensic practitioner, in the process of interpretation, is guided by the rule derived from the calculation of the likeli
Introduction Social work organizations form part of the society. Social workers interact with the community on an everyday basis in their attempt to improve the living standard of the people in the society. Criminal justice agencies also play a vital role in the society by ensuring that law and order is maintained. This is a short essay that analyses the weaknesses and strengths of both governmental and non-governmental social organizations. In this essay, an opinion will also be aired in regard to whether criminal justice agencies should be privatized or not. Social Work Organizations Social work organizations are very vital in the society as they assist needy people to access basic facilities such as shelter, providing hostage for children away from their abusive homes, helping the jobless make ends meet among others. Social work organizations can be governmental or private. Both the governmental and private social work organizations have strengths and weakness. Governmental social work organizations have got much strength with the most profound one being easy accessibility of funds. The governmental social work organizations obtain their funds from the tax payers and thus they can accommodate larger budgets and do not waste time in sourcing for funds; more social workers can thus be employed. On the other hand, source of funding is a weakness on the part of the private social work organizations as they have to privately source for funds which may take significant amount of time and energy which could otherwise be utilized in carrying out the actual tasks they are meant to. Due to uncertainty of privately raising funds, in most cases private organizations employ limited social workers thus their scope of work is limited (McEntire, 2007). The governmental social work organizations incur fewer costs by utilizing economies of scale since they are large. In the contrast, private social work organizations can not utilize economies of scale but instead nay suffer diseconomies of scale due to their small sizes. Viewing the size from a different perspective, the private social work organizations have a chance of being better managed by the virtual that small organizations are easily manageable. This is in contrast to the governmental organizations which are large and may not be managed effectively due to their size (McEntire, 2007). The governmental social work organizations have access to governmental information which can greatly help to offer helpful and up to date information to the society on various issues. This will make it possible for the government social workers to carry out their duties successfully. On the other hand, the private social work organizations may not access much governmental information on various issues but can instead specialize in one line, for instance rehabilitation of addicts, where they can offer the best specialized assistance thus being the best in that line (Chapin, 2010). Criminal Justice Agencies Whether the criminal justice agencies should be privatized
A recent advertising campaign by Apple focuses on the promotion of its privacy capabilities. Particularly, in May 2021, Apple posted a commercial, which advertises its iOS privacy features (Apple, 2021). This one-minute-long video is a modern example of emotion-based marketing. User privacy is an immensely sensitive issue, which forces millions of people to seek devices, services, and technology, which would ensure their anonymity on the Internet. The promise to keep users’ activities on the web or on iPhone a secret constitutes the Pathos strategy of Apple’s recent ad. The emotional appeal is seen in the way the commercial is structured. The ad centers around a young man named Felix, who uses various services, such as buying a coffee, taking a taxi, and ordering an expenditures report. Each time the service is provided, the person who delivered it follows Felix in his other activities, implying that more and more people know about his personal life, needs, and details. As more and more people gather, Felix becomes increasingly anxious and uncomfortable. Finally, he picks up his iPhone, which offers him an option of restricting outside tracking of his activities, after which all people literally disappear. Felix’s discomfort at the number of people who follow his activities elicits similar emotions from the viewers. The emotional appeal is done with the visuals, camera angle, and acting, without any words, which is indicative of effective nonverbal persuasion (McLean, 2010). In my opinion, the use of such imagery combined with the background song “Mind Your Own Business” provides a persuasive message that user privacy is an actual issue. However, I do not think that the commercial is successful in promoting iPhone because the customers have to take Apple’s promise to respect their privacy at face value.
Loyalty is among the key components of a successful business. Not only does it secure the stability of the company, but it also contributes considerably to the bottom-line profits. ISR Global Research Director Patrick Kulesa points at the direct relationship between employee engagement, commitment, motivation, recognition of company values, and the business results while pointing out the crucial role of loyalty in all of the mentioned factors (Finney 193). Besides, some researchers point to the fact that it can benefit the employee in many ways (Linz, Good, and Busch 37). At the same time, there is a strong tendency of declining loyalty as more employees effortlessly change workplaces either in search of better conditions or because of dissatisfaction with the current situation. In fact, as much as 69 percent of employees are not only in active search of a job but deem it their “daily routine” (Ladimeji par. 1). The generation of millennials shows even more alarming results, with 91 percent of the respondents saying they are anticipating to stay at their jobs for no more than three years while the actual average duration of employment is 4.4 years (Meister par. 1). Besides the logical assumption that such tendencies compromise stability, major financial drawbacks also factor in. While the exact numbers vary, the estimates show that replacing a lost employee costs as high as 150 of the annual employee salary (Lucas par. 4). With such evident adverse effects, it can be assumed that companies should have strategies for increasing employee loyalty, which, unfortunately, is not always the case. The usual assumption by the management is that if the company is successful enough, the employees are happy to be a part of it. Meanwhile, studies show that brand recognition, despite being among the chief factors, is not sufficient to guarantee the loyal worker (Leekha and Sharma 58). Other factors, like organizational culture, are frequently neglected by the employers despite being cited both by respondents and studies as leading causes of job dissatisfaction. Therefore, it is absolutely crucial to develop new ways of increasing loyalty in the workplace. My hypothesis is that the prog
As highly controversial and problematic matters, Sex and sex affairs should be taught and in fact intensified in school so as to prepare the teens as future adults and more so parents. The current social settings make teenagers to interpret education as a hindrance, old fashioned and ineffective. These current social settings deprive them the correct information, which may later come to haunt them with early pregnancies and other bigger problems such as sexually transmitted diseases. Increasing sex education will be preparing young people to be responsible, as they will have knowledge on sex and sex matters. As much as we would teach abstinence education, it would also be important to teach safe sex education to those teenagers who feel they cannot abstain. Such education would entail lessons on birth control measures such as avoiding multiple sex partners, use of condoms during intercourse and guide them on where to obtain condoms and how to use them. This will help a lot not only in curbing teenage pregnancies but other complications for instance problems associated with sexually transmitted diseases. Through proper education, a teenager will know that having unprotected sex will lead to pregnancy or contact of sexually transmitted diseases and therefore he/she will take precautions. It would be sad if we continue acting blindly, refusing to see that the rate of teenage pregnancies is on the rise. We continue to say that teenagers are taught all they need to know about sex in schools. Increasing sex education to our youngster and especially girls is crucial in curbing teenage pregnancies. If a teenage girl has the right information about her menstrual circle and wants to have sex without using condoms and contraceptives, she will time her safe period so as to engage in sex intercourse. At the same time she will have in mind that having sex without protection is recipe for contracting STIs. Denying a tee
Aim In an insightful study on the use of first language in classroom, Cook (2001) revealed that most participants supported the application of the first language (Arabic) as a critical tool for mediation. However, the application of L1 in L2 settings has generated controversies, especially in regards to its effectiveness in the environment where not all learners share the same L1. This has called for the need to develop further insights into how the best application of language can form the bedrock of effective teaching and learning. The need to examine the use of L2 in English classroom setting has also attracted a significant number of researchers. However, research on the application of L2 in English classrooms in Saudi Arabia is inconclusive. This research seeks to examine whether the use of L2 in English classes in Saudi Arabia is an effective tool or a hindrance to learning. Literature Review A review of existing literature sources reveals that the development of effective teaching and learning practices has been an issue of concern to researchers the field of education. This is because of the need to transform teaching and learning practices through adoption of better methods of content delivery. It is against this background that the application of first language (L1) in mastering the second language (L2) has attracted considerable interest from researchers (Turnbull & Daily-O’Cain, 2009; Cook, 2001). The proponents of this system argue that the first language forms the basis for creating meaningful connections to concepts in the second language (Cook, 2001). Machaal (2010) theorized that development of language skills is important to overall development of learning capabilities in students