ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
If you’re reading this as a soon-to-be or recent college graduate, you have probably already seriously considered starting a business rather than working for others. Do you have what it takes to make a go of it? Let’s examine some issues around this career option that, for many young people, seems increasingly appealing. Consider the following critical questions before taking this particularly exciting and risky plunge. Do you have something to offer? A new business must meet (or create) a consumer need. This seems self-evident, but is often blithely overlooked. Do you have a skill or expertise that is paid for by someone, somewhere, at some reasonable level of remuneration? An affirmative to this query suggests at least a baseline need. How can you find out? List everything you do well. Include even activities not normally considered skills. If, for example, you can kiss with swoon-inducing effect, this constitutes a skill that could, conceivable, be monetized somehow. More seriously, any competency that goes on this list – dishwashing, comforting babies, LEGO sculptures, sailing, tennis, scoring high on video games, writing funny emails or tweets, musical tarot readings – is a possible service for another person. All it takes are desire and discretionary funds on customers’ parts to generate a market for your item/service. Sometimes, professional associations reveal hitherto unknown lines of work. A young graduate really wanted to work therapeutically with the elderly and handicapped, but also wanted to pursue the horticulture interests that were his passion. Imagine his surprise upon finding that there was a professional association for horticultural therapy professionals! Consider this authentic pre-internet example: An Ivy League sophomore (and his friends) wanted cleaner dormitory rooms, but also wanted more time to maintain good grades. Unable to find maid service, he started one on campus. This netted him a tidy profit until the university’s legal eagles insisted that his student house-cleaners be bonded (check your local jurisdiction regarding this) for security purposes. The expense of blanket liability proved prohibitive. However, despite this setback, his initiative gave him on-campus prominence in a later student government campaign and a very legitimate entry in his resume. List everything you make: Think hard! You must make something – everyone does – even if it is just reservations for dinner. Photo-ready cakes, recycled content sweaters, thumb warmers, decorative headbands, photographs that compel attention, macro code for spreadsheets, custom-designed avatars for gaming, or whatever it may be, you probably create something in your life. Does anyone want such an item? Look in online sales sites such as EBay to find out if such products already are for sale, and their price ranges. As a real example, a college football player sidelined by injury parlayed his flair for movie filming, as well as his knowledge/contacts in the sport, into a nice little business. He created professional quality films for
Introduction Internet crime (or cybercrime) comprises illegal actions carried out by people who are using information technologies for criminal purposes. Examples of cybercrime include spam, hacking, and stealing of credit card numbers, as well as the spread of illegal information while preparing to perpetrate acts of terrorism or even to wage war. With this in mind, the paper analyzes some approaches to preventing Internet crime that might be conducted by law enforcement and e-business professionals. Law Enforcement Preventative Measures The first way to prevent cybercrime is for law enforcement personnel to cooperate with Internet service providers. The role of law enforcement is to guarantee the privacy of citizens’ personal information. For example, in order to deal with phishing, it is necessary for law enforcement agencies to “contact the actual business that supposedly sent the email to verify if the email is genuine” (Internet Crime Complaint Center, n.d., para. 13). In addition, it is crucial to avoid links in an e-mail, as one may find himself on a fraudulent website as a result. It is better to type the website address manually in the address bar of the browser or use a bookmark that was previously configured as a “favorite” for ease and convenience of access. As one possible solution, the government might develop and implement appropriate laws that would prohibit embedding live links directly in an e-mail. E-business Methods of Safeguarding from Cyber Crime Credit card fraud remains one of the most widespread cybercrimes in the world. According to Dinesh and Adhiya (2015), authentication systems, such as image click point authentication, for example, can secure customers’ personal information, including passwords or login information that might be illegally collected to steal from customers’ accounts. Moreover, anti-virus (or anti-DDoS) systems can be beneficial in preventing Internet crime as they ensure protection against Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. An anti-virus program should be able to rapidly recognize attacks and thwart them both through the DDoS monitoring system and by using a special protective infrastructure. Therefore
The Mi’kmaq Communities The Mi’kmaq communities are currently found in different parts of Canada. These aboriginal groups are found in Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, and Prince Edward. According to historians, the Mi’kmaq language is spoken by different citizens in these regions. The history of the Mi’kmaq communities explains how they were created by Glooscap. They strongly believed that Glooscap created all men. According to different studies, such communities developed different habits such as hunting and gathering (Hornborg, 2013). Such communities lived on the east coast of what is currently called North America. However, most of these aboriginal communities did not survive due to different diseases. They also reduced significantly due to endless fights with the Europeans. This fact explains why only a few aboriginal tribes managed to survive. Mi’kmaq is a good example of such communities. Their Ways of Living The Mi’kmaq communities have a long history. They lived near seashores where they practiced fishing and hunting. The “widely hunted animal was the moose” (Hornborg, 2013, p. 36). They used the skins of these wild animals for clothing purposes. The commonly hunted animals “included caribous, porcupines, and bears” (Riendeau, 2007, p. 38). They ate fishes such as lobsters, eels, sturgeons, salmons, and shellfishes. They lived in small structures known as wigwams. These communities reduced significantly due to the unending colonial wars. The Mi’kmaq embraced a simple way of life. For example, they constructed semi-permanent structures for shelter. This practice was necessary because they migrated from one place to another (Hornborg, 2013). They also engaged in social decision-making processes. Their elders controlled different practices and activities. The Mi’kmaq communities were also spiritual. Every “spiritual leader was given the name puoin” (Hornborg, 2013, p. 65). Such leaders were also responsible for providing quality treatments and health services. They used natural resources and plants for treatment purposes. They also believed strongly that a guardian spirit fulfilled their health needs. Such guardian spirits were believed to help these points in every healing process. According to these Mi’kmaq communities, all living things such as animals, humans beings, and plants contained a spirit. This knowledge “explains why such groups respected and honored every kind” (Hornborg, 2013, p. 68). The Mi’kmaq hunted many wild animals for food. Some animals such as passenger pigeons are no longer in existence. Different wild plants provided berries to these communities. They “Mi’kmaq gathered cranberries, strawberries, and blueberries from different plants” (Hornborg, 2013, p. 102). These berries were eaten frequently. These Mi’kmaq communities embraced new religions such as Christianity especially after the invasion of different
World Trade Center is a movie that dwells on the United States of America’s historic terrorist event that occurred on September 11, 2001. The movie director Oliver Stone tries to explain the nature of the crisis and the effects left on American society at large. The World Trade Center movie focuses on the true events that surrounded two prominent survivors called Will Jimeno (Pena) and John McLoughlin (Cage). These were the only two last survivors found alive, number 18 and number 19, out of 20 possible. The movie depicts three incidents that help one tie-up similar situations that remind us of other historic events in America. The film World Trade Center reflects on the wretched day when America was under a strong attack from the terrorist groups (Picciotto and Paisner 156). The September 11 attack is believed to be a revenge mission by the terrorist groups from Afghanistan, where the United States intervened in their internal problems. Thanks to the events in the movie where Nicolas Cage is starring, we become stronger and more courageous in fighting terrorist attacks in the country. The movie is a clear reflection of America’s solidarity and indomitable patriotism as portrayed by Will Jimeno (Pena) and John McLoughlin (Cage), who happened to be the only survivors from the attack scene. The film reflects on that particular day, on the events happened before and after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center building. The film starts by showing people preparing to go to work in the trading center as usual. This happened to be the day to day activity of most American people working at the World Trade Center building. The main actor in the film starts by going out to work as usual he greets his kids, drinks hot coffee, and drives to work. The main actor of the film works at the Port Authority, where he’s working day began when the initial attack on the World Trade Center buildings referred to us as the Twin Tower building, started. His work began when the Sergeant received a call asking for additional officers. The film is based on a real-life event, where Sergeant Michael Pena and Sergeant Nicolas Cage, while on duty at New York City Port Authority, received an emergency call for rescue operations at the World Trade Center towers after they had been attacked with unknown jets. The two sergeants, in the movie, were among other police offers who were called to carry out rescue operations from one of the Twin Tower buildings that were on fire. On their way to the scene, they were welcomed with ugly faces of the rabbles from the building and dead bodies scattered on the ground. This gave the two Sergeants an unfavorable impression of what had happened, and it was quite shocking for them. As the movie progresses, the two sergea
Introduction: Through the Prism of the Social Standards The aspect of norm and normative in the modern society has become a considerably questionable issue because of the culture diversity on the one hand and the freedom of self-expression on the other one. Therefore, I would like to bring into discussion the manner in which Butler interpreted the idea of norm and normality and the way author related it to power in her work (Butler, p. iii, para. 2). Analyzing the methods the author used to draw the line between the normal and the abnormal, as well as to determine the impact which the power had on people’s judgments concerning what is normal and what is not, one can possibly realize that there is a distinct connection between Butler’s and Foucault’s ways of reasoning and see what choices Butler makes. Therefore, the question is, whether the social norms as interpreted by the genealogical concepts can be shaped and changed, as well as how they can be categorized in the society. In addition, I find it important to learn whether what is considered a norm is predetermined by the natural or the social aspects. Concerning the Methods: The Chosen Pathway Obviously relating to the archaeological concept developed by Foucault, Butler’s idea concerning the norms as the power that makes people who deviate from the “norm” to be “misrecognized or remain unrecognizable precisely because they exist at the limits of established norms for thinking embodiment and even personhood” (p. iii) touches upon the problem of what normality is and by what factors the given concept is shaped. It is obvious that Butler comprises the idea of the “normality” shaped by Foucault, yet the fact that the author bases the issue of normality on the “powerful logics” (Butler, p. iii) of the humankind raises the question whether. Butler presupposes that the social values and standards can be changed by the “majority power.” Moreover, since Butler recognizes the “dynamics of power” (Butler, p. iii), I would like to know if Butler actually admits that the idea of “normality” can shape and change, bringing what used to be the lowest common denominator of morality to the golden standard of the future. On the Values: Foucault’s Vision, Butler’s Interpretation When claiming that structuralism helps to understand and recognize the forms of gender that are considered less possible than the others, as well as why they are, Bu
Chimel V. California is a landmark case on the issue of search and seizures as stipulated in the Fourth Amendment. It has been published by credible websites such as the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (NACDL), Justia US law, and The US Department of Justice which proves that it is real. The rationale for selecting this case is that in recent years there have been complains of police intrusion of privacy. For instance, Ortiz (2019) states that from 2011 to 2017 “police stopped and searched black and Latino drivers based on less evidence than…whites” (par.8). The objective of this paper is to analyze and summarize the chosen case and to derive legal lessons. The actions of the law enforcers were not right since the Fourth Amendment only permits reasonable seizures and searches while proscribing if they are unreasonable. In summary, Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969) is a case where the defendant denied the police consent to intrude his home but they nonetheless proceeded (Justia 2020). The individual was suspected of burglary at a coin shop and the officers needed evidence. The issue was if warrantless search is constitutional in case of lawful arrest of an individual inside his home. The court held that any search beyond arrestee’s person and the location within his immediate jurisdiction is unreasonable. The dissenting judges argued that if there is an apparent danger of the suspect removing items of interest before the police can obtain a warrant then the action is justifiable. Given the diverse circumstances that need searches, it is not clear if having a warrant will always protect client’s rights. When discussing the Fourth Amendment, the verdict made on the case introduces two new guidelines. First, it used the word “immediate” to qualify control such that warrantless search outside the boundaries of individuals’ exact jurisdiction is illegal. The reason for allowing minimal search is to secure any weapons, seize evidence and to prevent it from being concealed or destroyed (LeBlanc, 2018). This implies that the objective of searching is what determines the scope. Officers were fond of timing arrest so that it coincided with the presence of the defendant at home. Resultantly, they would assess the entire house because it was assuming that the client had constructive control over it. After the Chimel case, the police could no longer inspect without a warrant and a well-stipulated scope of the search. The other legal aspect that can be drawn from the case is that arrest is different from search. It is, therefore, necessary for officers to follow the required procedures before they intrude the premises of a suspect. The police must always have a warrant unless it is hot pursuits, vehicular search, and stop and frisk. Search incidences to arrest vary from other legal exceptions such that it allows the government to intrude without a warrant and probable cause when it is believed that evidence will be collected (LeBlanc, 2018). The officer is justified to search within the immediate control of the offender for safety reasons and evidence preservation Conclusively, Chimel v. California c
Intro Kettle Test-A Brief Measure of Cognitive Functional Performance: Reliability and Validity in Stroke Rehabilitation (Hartman-Maeir, Harel & Katz, 2009), has provided us with a health care article that I have used to describe its hypothesis, define the study design implemented, state the variables used, state how the variables were optionalized, and state the validity of the research article. Reliability and validity in the research methods are nowadays viewed in a positivism perspective. In order to come up with a relevant research analysis, the research concepts have to be clearly and properly defined, as this will enable the researcher to identify the various ways of assessing the truth of a research topic (Hartman-Maeir, Harel &Katz, 2009). Hypothesis Used According the article that I chose, found in the type of hypothesis used is non-directive this is because it gives the true of all the numbers. The figure in this article is true which starts from the first statement, and if the first statement is true, so is the next one (Barrows & Tamblyn, 2002). The problem based learning theory and experiential learning theory, patients are faced with an environment that enables the health workers to explore and analyze their behavior in stages. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a stroke article found in Hartman-Maeir, Harel & Katz (2009) journal article on the subject. Method of Study The method of study is Cohort studies since it start by counting the number, measures the characteristics of the of the patients, follow up the number overtime examining their current status closely as well as examining them, and end with a comparison the events or status of patients (Trochim, 2002). The process design consists of several steps, which include:   * Process design: After selecting the study the analysis is then divided into five stages, which include:   * Problem Analysis: This is where the heath attendants familiarized themselves with the patients by asking them the relevant details.Health workers survey the relevant information, which is known about the subject by using the previous experience in order to determine the further research (Denzin & Giardina, 2008).   * Problem definition: Health workers translate the health problem into a research hypothesis. Then they specified their hypothesis. Collected data and analyzed the reliability, and validity of the data.   * Experimental: The health workers model the experiment that they have meant to carry out as well as the methods
Introduction Automobiles play an integral role in the development of society. They are the primary means through which transportation within a continent is achieved. Fossil fuels serve as the primary source of fuel for automobiles. Therefore, these cars produce emissions that include greenhouse gases. As a result of this, vehicle emissions are considered to be one of the primary sources of air pollution in the world today. Air pollution has several significant adverse effects on the environment. Polluted air contains nitrogen oxides and other toxic substances that dissolve in the atmosphere to return to the Earth in the form of acid rain, which is detrimental to the ecosystem. When it falls on water bodies, it causes changes in the aquatic ecosystem. Automobile emissions also contribute to climate change, which is a phenomenon with adverse environmental outcomes. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, it has been accelerated over the past century as a result of human’s industrial activity. The excessive use of fossil fuels has led to the accumulation of greenhouse gases, and this has contributed to global warming. Some of the detrimental environmental effects of global warming include a rise in sea levels leading to the destruction of coastal habitats through flooding, the devastation of flora and fauna, and the spread of diseases. Claims Considering the significant adverse environmental impacts on air pollution, we have to seek solutions to the vehicle emission problem currently facing the country. Several alternative ways can be used to reduce significantly or eliminate automobile emissions. To begin with, the government could invest in light rail and high-speed trains to provide an alternative and more environmentally-friendly means of transportation. Increased use of these alternatives would reduce the usage of automobiles, therefore decreasing the harmful vehicle emissions. The federal government could also provide better support for the development and use of hybrid cars by US citizens. Hybrid cars are a viable alternative to vehicles with conventional engines. These cars have engines that work using electrical motors, and thus the gasoline consumption may be reduced. This leads to the emission of the minimal possible levels of CO2, therefore minimizing air pollution dramatically. Finally, the local government can encourage the use of non-automotive means of transportation, such as bicycles. Such a move can be promoted by the construction of bicycle lanes in cities all over the country. The roads would encourage people traveling for short distances to the use of bicycles, which do not cause any pollution. This would lead to the elimination of automobile emissions that would ha