ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Project planning is a critical path that when employed effectively, can greatly aid the achievement of goals. The development in technology and advancement in knowledge over the past years have also witnessed the development in planning and management of processes. The success of any procedure highly depends on the level of organizational planning in regard to management and administration. This paper discusses the elements of a project plan. Project Planning The notion and basis of project planning and management can be said to have derived its principles from the armed forces’ system. Like in the armed forces, project management has seen its evolution into an almost fixed structure that has to be carefully planned and closely monitored. The planning and management of a project process will significantly have a bearing on the overall result of the process hence an efficiently established and monitored process stands a better productivity outcome than one that is not properly planned and managed (Meredith and Mantel, 2009). Meredith et al. (2006) have noted that the military management aspect has been accustomed by nonmilitary organizations in the private sectors, government agencies and other organizations. Meredith and Mantel (2009) explained that a project plan is an estimate of what is to be carried out and as such it must give allowance for adjustments in the execution process. In carrying out a project plan, control measures to ensure compliance to the plan have to be put in place. Among the elements in a project plan are the establishments of its scope, duties to be undertaken, time schedule, budget estimates, established risk management group among others (Meredith and Mantel, 2009). Project Planning and Success of Projects Robert (2009) pointed out the following elements of a project element as being significant: “the aim of a project, Outputs, Quality criteria, Resources, Management structure, Milestones, Tolerances, Dependencies, Risks and Schedule” (P. 1). The aim of the subject project is a statement or statements of reasons for undertaking a given project as well as the benefits that are estimated to result from the project’s realization. It must be relevant to the subject business plan and must be indicative enough of what should or must be realized at the end of the intended process (Robert, 2009). Another element of a project plan as illustrated by Robert (2009) is the outputs. This is the specifications in clarity of the end products of the process. It indicates what the workforce must come up with at the end of the project. For example, in the event of in
Reasons why Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Michigan and Aetna, Inc Hartford were ranked top performing organizations For any firm to be ranked as top 125 organizations, it must display excellent management practices. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Michigan and Aetna Inc Hartford, CT are some of these organizations that have been ranked among the top 125. In order for these organizations to win this position, they have demonstrated excellent management skills in their operations. There are several reasons that contributed to this achievement in these organizations. One of the major factors that have contributed to the success in these organizations is employee training. These organizations have managed to conduct an intensive employee training in their operations. Most top organizations have managed to realize the importance of training and investing on employee training (Dwarakanath & Mala, 2010). In some cases, many organizations have been tempted to ignore employee training when faced by difficult times. This is contrary to the top performing organizations. These organizations have managed to maintain regular and perpetual employee training despite the difficulties they may be undergoing. Training and Development and Organizational Goals, Objectives, and Competitive Edge As already noted, both Aetna and Blue Shield has managed to maintain high level of performance in their operations. This has won them a chance to be ranked among the top 125 organizations. Both companies have managed to integrate training and learning development in their goals, objectives as well as competitive advantage (Aetna, 2011). The organizations have managed to integrate their operations with organizational goals hence improving their competitiveness. Aetna, Inc Hartford has a well trained staff responsible for training employees (Aetna, 2011). In order to improve the performance of its employees, Aetna, Inc offers its employees with an opportunity to learn while still in their jobs. This has helped the company in attracting and retaining talented employees. Aetna, Inc has coaching programs that facilitates employees’ learning. In order to achieve this, the company ensures that every employee is in close contact with their managers (Aetna, 2011). In order to improve on the performance of employees, the managers ensures that the employees receives feedback on their performance. By so doing, employees are able to recognize their weaknesses or the areas where they need to improve. Aetna, Inc also has an effective mentoring process (Aetna, 2011). The mentoring process has helped many employees to reach their career goals. As a result, the company has managed to maintain a high level of employee satisfaction. Consequently, the company manages to retain its employees as well as their skills. Thi
How the Process Could Be Improved The majority of the process is pretty efficient and quick as there is no extra time wasted, and that is the primary reason the hospital has been able to operate at 130% of its capacity, although I believe there are a couple of steps which can be avoided in case of emergency (Litvak, 2009) and (Langabeer, 2007).  1. When mother is in an emergency, and the baby is already born, then instead of wasting time at the check-in desk, the mother should be taken directly to the delivery assessment on the 8 th floor, and the rest of the process can be done the way it should.  2. The registration process should be changed either to an electronic mode or to being done manually in advance, so that the mother does not have to be put to the extra troubles. In Case of a Caesarean-Section Birth If the mother is scheduled for Caesarean-section procedure, the entire flow chart will change. This means that she does not have to go through any of the above mentioned stages. She is scheduled, so it means that she is registered as well, and since it is going to be surgical, so she does not have to wait for the contractions to begin and can just go straight to the ICU or the OR. So in such a case, the first step will be to enter the hospital facility, and go to the check-in desk. From there, the woman will be prepared and taken to the operation theater directly. After the surgery, if she is stabilized, she will be discharged, and if she is not stabilized, she will be discharged later. In case there is some problem with the baby, the newborn will have to stay in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) before transfer to the baby nursery near the mother’s room. If it is impossible to stabilize the baby, the child cannot be discharged with the mother, and thus he/she has to be discharged later on. When ready, mother and/or baby will be discharged and taken by wheelchair to the discharge exit for pickup to travel home. In Case of Electronic Registration or Manual Preregistration If all the mothers were electronically registered or preregistered manually, some of the steps of the process would be eliminated, making the whole process more efficient. In case the mothers were all preregistered, they would not need to go to the registration office on the first floor. Instead, they would only be examined to see if they were ready to deliver or not, and the rest of the process would be the same. However, it would add one step to the process that should be taken before entering the hospital, i.e. pre-registration, Another Process that the Hospital Could Analyze In case there is a complication and the mother needs to be taken to the Operation Theater or ICU, there should be precautionary tests to make sure that the patient is not allergic to some medicine, or if she is diabetic, etc. (Vissers & Beech, 2005). This is a vital step and should not be ignored while doing the preparations for the delivery process. Furthermore, if there are any complications with the baby, and the newborn cannot be discharged with the mother, the child has to be discharged later on. The hospital should also analyze the process of later disch
Introduction Development of a marketing campaign could be one of the most hectic tasks since a marketer always assesses the campaign from the company and the consumers’ perspectives. An effective campaign assists organisations in achieving consumer goodwill, thus enabling it to attract many consumers, reduce consumer defection, and increase retention. Advertising is one of the most common campaigns used by organisations to increase consumer base within a competitive environment. Through advertising, marketers incorporate appeals geared towards changing consumer perception about a product or a service (Fill 2006). Besides advertising, promotions, public relations, personal selling, and direct marketing are equally significant throughout the campaign. They are elements of integrated marketing communication that determine consumer brand equity. This refers to the reactions of consumers to the same product after the use of different strategies and advertisers. When using celebrities for advertising, a product could receive a different response in comparison to the change of its package. Celebrity endorsements use associative appeals to achieve this, thus making their incorporation in product promotion extremely expensive. This paper intends to explain the rationale of celebrity endorsement in product or service promotion. Integrated Marketing Communications Integrated marketing communication (IMC) has five significant elements, which can be applied to organisations that seek to succeed in product development and promotion (Finne and Gronroos 2009). An effective IMC plan ensures that a company develops a sustainable trend in the purchase of products and services. The intention is to increase sales in a continuous manner, while improving in customer acquisition and retention. Public Relations This refers too efforts of marketers to achieve positive media coverage for products and services. Such publicity is important even though it is one of the most expensive types of marketing. Companies manage to get positive publicity when organising events, arranging road shows, and supporting philanthropic programs. Through such avenues, companies earn goodwill because they are able to promote their products through the celebrities that come to such events. These include socialites who earn to attend events. Some of the most renowned socialite families include the Kardashians whose association with beauty products naturally increases appeal among consumers. Paying the celebrities to attend events is quite expensive; this makes public relations the costly element of mar
Introduction The First Gulf Bank (FGB) is publicly owned, its headquarter are in Abu Dhabi, United Arabs Emirates (UAE); this bank is owned by several sons of the late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Fgb.ae, 2011). The First Gulf Bank was started in 1979 in Ajman and its main service area is offering of financial services through crossways United Arab Emirates (Fgb.ae, 2011). It has an extensive distribution network of different business and industrial areas, for example, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, and AlAnd and is currently it is one of the fastest-growing banks in the region (Fgb.ae, 2011). It is also known as Bank Al Awal in Arabic name within the United Arab Emirates (Fgb.ae, 2011). The First Gulf Bank provides various financial services in corporate banking, merchant banking, retail banking, and treasury and investments services (Fgb.ae, 2011). Its main focus is to offer financial services and solving of problems to various target groups in the market both in public and private institutions, investors as well as retail customers (Fgb.ae, 2011). In retail banking, the bank offers several services such as transactional accounts and savings, debit cards, mortgages, credit cards, and others (Fgb.ae, 2011). The retail bank consists of accounts, deposits, credit cards, safe deposit lockers, loans and mortgages; the First Gulf Bank is the largest bank in United Arab Emirates with shareholder equity of over AED 20 billion and has a depth experience in the real estate sectors, as such the bank assures its customers to deliver quality service that they deserve (Fgb.ae, 2011). Its innovative range of mortgage solutions has been designed to meet mortgage needs for residential or commercial property; more so, its financial sound solutions are open to United Arab Emirates nationals and residents (Fgb.ae, 2011). Corporate banking offers, accounts, deposits, contractors finance real estate, trade finance, manufacturing and services, and lending against shares (Fgb.ae, 2011). The bank’s customers are served competently by expert well trained personnel, this enables the bank to provide cost-effective customized solutions which are relevant and essential in improving efficiency and quality. First Gulf Bank provides corporate customers with customized asset and also liability products to fit their daily financial needs (Fgb.ae, 2011). This gives the bank a chance to provide comprehensive and integrated financial solutions that are based on specific needs through superior products delivery and customer service levels (Fgb. ae, 2011). The treasury and investments offer investments group, structured products, margin t
Role of an understanding of economics as an important part in personal decision-making process Economics helps me in my decision making, especially when proper allocation and usage of money and other physical things are concerned. Economics is the science of allocating scarce resources to satisfy the unending needs of people. It is a fact that we need things, such as food, clothing, etc, for our survival. It is also true that most of these things are perishable and can be thoroughly gone from us if we do not use it wisely. Therefore effective application of economics is important in these situations. For example, budgeting personal expenses alone, needs economic principles such as opportunity cost and trade-off. Counting the cost as opposed to the benefits that we can reap from it is important to secure a wise and fruitful transaction. Failing to use economic principles in spending money might cause us to forgo the opportunity of buying a more important and more fruitful purchase of goods or services. If, in case, I spend so much money on clothes that I fail to save some for my food expenses, I might end up begging for it in the future. Role of economics as an important part of employer’s decision-making process Employers also need basic and advanced knowledge of economics. The financial and operational health of a company largely depends on the shrewdness of the businessman in managing his firm. Given the fixed amount of available funds, his knowledge in economics will guide him whether he will expand his business or not. Knowledge in economics will also help him decide on other aspects of his business, particularly finance, marketing, and personnel management. Economics is used in determining the number of products being produced using the law of supply and demand. Whenever the price of the good is high, businessmen produce lesser products. What are the similarities and differences between a sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation and state the advantages and disadvantages of each In a sole proprietorship business structure, the responsibilities in the profit and loss of the company are entirely shouldered by the proprietor. The proprietor
Research based on a previously established theory can present new findings in a structure that is shared between different spheres of interest. The versatility of some models allows them to be used for a variety of topics, For instance, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) introduced as a version of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) is an approach that attempts to explain people’s behavioral patterns and underlying reasons for most decisions (Polit & Beck, 2017). TPB can be used in research of different disciplines such as business and politics. In nursing and healthcare studies, this theory can be implemented to analyze patients, communities, and nurses, as its approach to people’s behavior is virtually universal (Rich, Brandes, Mullan, & Hagger, 2015). The article “Using a Theory of Planned Behaviour Framework to Explore Hand Hygiene Beliefs at the ‘5 Critical Moments’ among Australian Hospital-Based Nurses” by White et al. (2015) is an example of using the TPB for nursing research. Article Summary In the study, the authors explore the topic of hand hygiene and its improvement among healthcare workers. According to White et al. (2015), it is an issue that is crucial to patients’ outcomes because proper sanitation can significantly lower the rate of infections in hospitals. The authors guide their research using the TPB framework and its beliefs connected to nurses’ attitudes such as support, control, and rationalizing (Ajzen, 2015). Qualitative data used in this article included discussions with nurses about hand hygiene and related habits in the workplace. The analysis of the gathered information revealed that hand-washing could be encouraged by nurses for a variety of reasons. They may include the protection of patients and oneself and attempt to control the spreading of an infection (White et al., 2015). Nurses may engage in hygiene practices less often due to the lack of time and poor skin condition after the procedure. The study also focused on the normative beliefs of the theory. For example, nurses were asked about supportive and unsupportive comments from their colleagues about the procedures of hand hygiene. Nurses, patients, family members, and supervisors were outlined as the most supportive of such practices. However, some patients negatively interpreted the process of hand-washing which discouraged nurses from following hand hygiene guidelines. Some control beliefs were discussed in the article as well. The authors found that barriers to adhering to the directions included the lack of time and education, skin conditions, the absence of available supplies or sinks, emergency situations, and nurses’ forgetfulness (White et al., 2015). Thus, the use of the TPB allowe
Of all the military conflicts which occurred in the USA over its long and glorious history, there is hardly a single one which could be as lacking in practical results and, weirdly enough, triggering as many consequences as the famous 1812 war. Leading to a numerous alterations in the sphere of the international relationships between the United States and the rest of the world, the 1812 war heralded a new era in the development of the USA and spawned the surge of the nationalism in 1820ies. It can be suggested that the Treaty was only the catalyst of the process which has been brewing for quite long within the country. As O’Neill and Benn explain, the expansion process triggered by the discord on the Ghent Treaty conditions was welcomed with open arms by most of the USA population; with a vast majority supporting the expansion, the process was irreversible: “Many Americans supported the expansion; for some, the expulsion of Britain from the continent represented a natural step in achieving the republic’s destiny” (O’Neill & Benn, 2011, 14). Finally, the fact that the American Treasury was on the brink of its bankruptcy must be taken into account. After the war, which demanded considerable amount of financial and human resources, the country needed financial support badly, yet the only gateway to acquiring decent help, i.e., trading with the other countries and raising the financial state of affairs within the country, was blocked by the dominant British Empire. As Snow & Drew (2010) explain, “paying for war threatened to bankrupt the treasury by 1814, American overseas trade was reduced by a trickle by the Royal Navy’s blockade, and the combination of these economic factors produced runaway inflation” (267). Thus, the final and the most important cause of the expansion reveals itself. Because of the unceasing control of Britain, the U. S. could not trade efficiently and get the maximum profit out of the international relationships, which spurred the further expansion. Therefore, the expansion of the United States was caused by such reasons as the post-war devastation, the British dominance and the unsatisfactory results of the Ghent Treaty. Hence roots another issue worth considerations – the infamous panic of the 1819. Enhanced by the recognition of the U. S. failure to grow financially and improve the post-war state of affairs, the fear of poverty and devastation gripped the United States. However, it was not only the overreaction caused by the post-war shock that enhanced the notorious panic of the 1819. According to what Rothbard (2007) says, the state of the USA economy and banking did leave much to be desired and could be used as the grounds for serious concern. To be more precise, it was the monetary system which failed to meet the dem
Introduction Today, it is hard to imagine a modern world without technologies and sustainable development. Certain progress and new achievements are usually expected in various industries and fields, and people’s lives depend on the results. Artificial intelligence was probably one of the best and most significant discoveries in the 20th century. Machines were proved to have intelligence along with their abilities to interpret data, set and achieve goals, and complete tasks. Several problems and concerns, including planning, control, and perception, exist in the field of computer science. Artificial intelligence is a solution with certain positive and negative aspects. Many people find this technological success as a realization of multiple dreams and human demands. Still, some groups call into question the need for such techniques although their evolution remains consistent and reasonable. This research paper aims to define the scope of artificial intelligence progress by analyzing its history, current benefits and challenges, and further applications from business or entertainment perspectives. Essence and Background of Artificial Technology Many technologies were developed by people to facilitate their lives, increase productivity, and improve the quality of their work. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the transformative technologies available today (Marr). According to Dunjko and Briegel, AI contains a variety of fields and concepts, including the necessity to understand human capacities, abstract all the aspects of work, and realize similar aptitudes (simulation) in machines (6). AI techniques are frequently applied in such spheres as medicine, education, economics, and engineering. First attempts to create intelligent machines were made in the middle of the 20th century; however, the interest in this field had roots from ancient times. Alan Turing was a pioneer in the AI industry who was known due to the creation of the test to check machine intelligence (Dunjko and Briegel 58). The Turing test compares the intelligent behaviors of machines to those of humans by judging human-machine conversations. This test was defined as a classic evaluator of the effectiveness of AI technologies, proving the correctness of the chosen direction (Müller and Bostrom 559). Five years later, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence” and explained it as an ability of the machine to stimulate any features of human intelligence” (Müller and Bostrom 555). This concept was turned into a guiding idea that could be discussed through the prism of computationalism and connectionism. Computationalism is the possibility to perform mental functions and formal operations on symbols, and connectionism identifies mental and behavioral pheno