Introduction The modern world can be characterized by complex international relations that consist of multiple interdependent aspects. Remembering the lessons of WWII and other military conflicts that resulted in the death of millions of people, states try to protect their interests by using diplomatic methods. The rule of force is no longer the dominant paradigm as the safety of less powerful countries is guaranteed by their allies. However, the given system does not presuppose the absence of conflicts at the international level because of the critical differences in perspectives on particular issues or events. For this reason, there is still a need for the potent tools that can be used to guarantee the dominant position and provide a competitive advantage to some states. Military and economic capabilities often play a critical role in these debates. Unfortunately, in many cases, the power of the atom also becomes one of the arguments that are suggested to support a particular position. Thus, the Iranian Nuclear Program can be considered as an attempt to make the country’s position more solid and protect it from potential enemies; however, at the same time, it threatens the existing world order and balance in the region. Background The appearance of the nuclear weapon, its mass production, and its use as a potent tool of pressure introduced a significant threat to the world. The 20th century was characterized by the opposition of two superstates and their blocks because of the desire to dominate and impact global intercourse (Institute for National Strategic Studies 67). However, in the course of the development of this opposition, it became obvious that the use the nuclear weapon and its unwise production is not the option as it will result in the collapse of the society. For this reason, the Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) and the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)) were created (Institute for National Strategic Studies 65). These agreements strictly regulated the use of nuclear power and the further spread of lethal weapons. To a greater degree, these pacts, along with the functioning of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), became the ground for the peaceful development of the world and the successful cooperation of various states. However, even though almost all independent states agreed to accept PTBT and NPT, today’s international situation remains difficult. The fact is that there are multiple attempts to engage in the unlicensed utilization of nuclear power and the creation of nuclear weapons. For instance, cases of North Korea and Iranian Nuclear Programs can be considered credible evidence to the statement (Institute for National Strategic Studies 56). Both these states are suspected in numerous violations of the basic assumptions of these agreements as they create the scientific and economic base for the development and creation of the nuclear weapon (Institute for National Strategic Studies 77). These attempts pose a significant threat to the balance of power and situation in the region. For example, the Middle Eastern region that has traditionally been associated with multiple conflicts experiences a new wave of tensions because of Iran’s attempts to empower its position by exploring the theme of the nuclear weapon (Institute for National Strategic Studies 24). Regardless of the fact that Iran emphasizes the peaceful character of this incentive and its focu