ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Gifted and talented students have skills that set them apart from the other average students. Gifted students have superior intellect and academic performance above average while talented students perform above average in more than one area of human performance particularly in physical, creative, intellectual, and social areas. However, these students fail to achieve their full potential because of lack of an appropriate policy, curriculum challenges and lack of appropriate identification procedures. Prior to the NSW policy, the education of the gifted and talented students had low priority and the existing curriculum could not meet the needs of these students. In this respect, the Australian Government undertook considerable changes towards promoting the education of gifted and talented students. In order to attain high quality educational outcomes for the gifted and talented students, “the NSW government committed itself to developing an appropriate curriculum that could cater for the needs of these students within educational settings” (Braggett, 1985, p.28). The gifted and talented students are diverse and come from different cultural and socioeconomic groups making the identification of such students quite a challenge. These students are easily identifiable in school settings where their natural abilities are evident. The identification procedures should be inclusive involving the input of all the people who interact with these students including their teachers, fellow students, professionals and parents (Gagnés, 2003, p.12). The identification procedures primarily involve the use of nomination, screening, and monitoring of the students. Off-level testing is also another way of identifying the individual student’s ability in school settings. Effective identification of the gifted students involves a multifaceted approach, which includes both objective and subjective procedures. Qualities of Gifted and Talented Students Gifted and talented students have distinguishing intellectual and personal characteristics that set them apart from the rest of the other students. According to Babad and Budoff (1994), these students have exceptional reasoning capability, which is associated with intellectual curiosity of their surroundings and a passion for learning new things (p.53). Intellectually, they have higher learning concentration and analytical skills. They also possess a high level of creativity characterized by divergent thinking and endeavor to challenge the existing concepts coupled with a higher rate of learning new ideas and concepts in addition to keen sense of abstraction and imagination. In addition, they also exhibit moral concern in their actions and have a deep se
Budgeting is a huge problem for each state as it is necessary to make it balanced. Qatar is the country which depends on oil and gas development, however, the country cannot be called a poor one. Having considered three articles on Qatar budgeting, it is possible to check the dependence of the increase of the country’s budgeting opportunities with the increase of the price on oil and gas. The articles under consideration dwell upon the budgeting options in the past and in the future. The main purpose of this report is to consider the information about budgeting in Qatar and describe the spheres which bring the highest revenues and those which require similar high costs. The article “Qatar-Budget” in Mongabay.com states that oil and gas were the leading spheres in Qatar in 90’s. The whole budget was based on the income from these spheres. It should be noticed that about 90% of government revenue comprises this sphere. Nothing has changed from that period. Having entered 2011, Qatar still makes stress on oil and gas manufacturing spheres. According to Kawach, Qatar’s GDP “has recorded the world’s highest growth over the past few years” (n.p.) has increased by 17.5 this year. Considering the state’s income from gas and oil operations and comparing the price to the population of the country, Qatar may become the wealthiest country in the whole world. The budget opportunities of Qatar are increasing each year. Looking at the tendency of the country’s economy development, it may be predicted that the GDP growth in 2011-2012 may comprise about 23% and will comprise $166.2 billion in comparison to $129.8 billion in 2010. Considering the article by Pratap John, it becomes obvious that Qatar’s government cares for its citizens as the increased revenue is financed in education and healthcare. Looking at the Qatar’s budget for 2010-2011, it can be noticed that much attention is paid to these spheres. Placing them as the priorities, the country confirms its devotion to the population and the desire to make the country prosperous and the wealthiest in the world. Developing the infrastructure, the country increases the level of live of the population and makes their life easier. 15% of the budget for 2010-2011 (it is about QR17.3bn) is spent on development of education, 7% of the budget (or QR8.6bn) is spent on health care and about QR2.5bn is spent on “housing loans fund” (n.p.). Looking at the budget of the state, it seems that the requirements are too high, however, the country is able to serve itself. Being a top country in oi
Introduction Ursino Steakhouse & Tavern has hired a team of marketing consultants to provide suggestions for improving its performance. The purpose of this report is an evaluation of the secondary data collected by the members of the group. The available information should be analyzed regarding its usefulness, possible additional sources of data should be determined, and indirectly related information on the topic should be located. Internal Data The types of internal information gathered by the team include the monthly sales data, the number of customers, and costs for labor and food. This data can be used to estimate the popularity and financial performance of the restaurant. Since the customer data is presented on a per-month basis, it is also possible to analyze it and attempt to determine whether any trends or internal changes influenced the restaurant’s attractiveness. To that end, it would be necessary to collect information about the measures taken to attract customers within the last two years. It would also be beneficial to obtain detailed information about the number of orders for specific dishes. Comment Cards The restaurant uses a comment card system that allows customers to submit feedback about their experience and suggestions for improvement as they leave. The comment cards for the last two years have been made available to the team. They can be a useful source of information, as customers who are dissatisfied with some part of the service or have constructive criticisms are usually the ones who fill out and submit comment cards. Nevertheless, the statements on the cards should be considered in terms of the frequency of their appearance, and complaints that rarely appear may be regarded as the results of accidents or unrealistic customer expectations. Trend Information It is necessary to analyze trends in the food industry to locate areas that should be improved. Miller and Washington provide a considerable number of recommendations by many analysts and media (47-69). Some of the suggestions, such as an expanded beer list or the introduction of freshly squeezed juices, could benefit the restaurant without incurring high costs. However, numerous other trends, including introducing Asian cuisine, allowing customer interaction with the kitchen, and implementing counter-based service, would be difficult to follow and lead to a massive change in the restaurant’s image, so following them is not advisable. Census Data Understanding the potential customers is vital to the success of a restaurant. As such, the team collected data from the United States Census Bureau website, determining that 53,053 people were living in the area in 2010. The majority of them were 21 years old or older, making them potential customers for the restaurant. However, restaurants usually rely on more than local customers to sustain their sales, as they attempt to spread information about their fine dining opp
Identification & Description of Ancillary Service Because HIV care for marginalized populations often entails combining medical services with ancillary or social services not only to stabilize life situations but also remove barriers to care (Chin et al., 2009), the present paper aims to critically discuss one of such ancillary services within the realms of HIV/AIDS care, known as case management. Case management is primarily concerned with the provision of numerous functions, including stabilizing life situations for people with HIV/AIDS, removing barriers to ensure more consistent participation in medical care, linking HIV-positive patients to other critical services, and enhancing physical and mental health-related quality of life indicators for people living with the disease (Chin et al., 2009). Additionally, as suggested in the literature, case management is often seen as beneficial in supporting integrated care for people with HIV/AIDS owing to its fundamental objective of helping “clients in negotiating, gaining, and maintaining access to health care and social service systems as their disease progresses” (Magnus et al., 2001 p. 137). The key personnel involved in running case management programs include case managers, medical doctors, nurses, social workers, community workers, psychologists, and behavior change experts (Conover & Whetten-Goldstein, 2002; Magnus et al., 2001). Within the domain of people living with HIV/AIDS, it can be argued that the HIV/AIDS case management department is often supported by departments providing other ancillary services such as peer advocacy and counseling (Naar-King et al., 2007), departments providing social services such as ceasing substance use and entering stable housing for people with HIV/AIDS (Chin et al., 2009), and also by departments providing clinical care in the context of monitoring CD4 cells (viral load), treating infections as well as providing reproductive care and primary care (Naar-King et al., 2007). These support systems are complimentary, implying that the case management department also supports the other mentioned departments with critical data and best practices in management paradigms used on people with HIV/AIDS. Trends having an Impact on Case Management One of the most significant trends affecting case management programs for people living with HIV/AIDS is that retention into these programs has been found to decrease with age, suggesting that young adults are most at risk (Naar-King et al., 2007). Although little has been published about the retention in care o
Enterprise information architecture (EIA) is a process of describing a set of requirements, principles and models, and offering the current and future state guidance necessary for flexibly sharing and exchanging information required to achieve effective enterprise change (Bert & Wegner, 2009). The component model is the integral part of Enterprise Information Architect. It describes the functional components with their roles and responsibilities, relationships and interactions with other components as well as what is required to enable implementation of specific deployment and customer use case scenarios. Each Component is an independent part of the EIA, and focuses on the Component Relationship Diagram and Component Interaction Diagrams. The physical model is described as a small or larger physical copy of an object. The model makes it possible for internal invisible parts to be easily seen. It provides a detailed description of how and where the components will be deployed and on what servers they will be deployed all across the system. It covers implementation specific details used to represent the database and logical model, and represents the implementation of nonspecific data requirements (Schmitz, 2004). The logic model is an organized and illustrative way to share and present a company’s understanding of the resources it is using for programs, the activities of the plan and the expected results. The various activities likely to bring about change within this model are presented through the use of pictures. It brings the program’s concepts and dreams to life, and also provides stakeholders with a roadmap describing the sequence of events connecting the need for the planned program with the expected results. In this case, the model helps in picturing out how programs will function. The model requires an organized method of planning and implementation of programs. It helps in creating a shared understanding of, and focuses on, programs goals and methodology relating activities to the projected outcome (Schmitz, 2004). The model is an effective measure of a program’s success. The logic model helps in promoting the successful running and completion of a program through the role it plays in the planning, organization, management, monitoring and evaluation of the program. Through the model, organizations can be able put together all the elements that relate to a program undertaking and that include goals, objectives, tasks, available resources among other factors. It serves as a clarification of what a program hopes to achieve, the effective way to monitor program activities, on how to evaluate the program. It helps in ensuring that programs stay on track, and are excellent ways of documenting programs (Bert & Wegner, 2009). Logical and physical models represent business requirements and database schemes, and are both used in creating data models. Also, they both reduce the development and maintenance time and costs, facilitates avoidance of data redundan
Introduction This memorandum highlights the circumstances and facts behind the death of Pamela Langley and the subsequent trial of the accused, Mr. Scott Graham, under the London Homicide Act of 1957 for murder charges. Mr. Graham hit the deceased on the head while at her home using a blunt object. The Homicide Act of 1957 and any other applicable case law is critical for this case as pinpointed below in the paper. Facts On October 15, 2005, a renowned defense notary Mr. Howrah returned home from work and found his wife Pamela Langley lying dead at the entrance of their house. The evidence gathered from the scene of crime testifies that the deceased and the accused had a fight; judging from the crime scene it was aggressive. Subsequently, there was Mr. Graham’s arrest and the charge for the first degree murder. A few days after Graham’s arrest, the defendant’s mother being an accomplice to the murder faced similar charges. Three days later after the murder, she agreed to give some evidence against her son as a way of securing her release. She revealed in her testimony the motive behind the cruel murder of the deceased by her son. On February 16, 2006, the defendant’s former housewife gave testimony during a preliminary hearing as she had found some gruesome objects in the dresser drawer at the defendant’s house, some time before the murder of Mrs. Pamela Langley. On February 17, 2006, the prosecution spoke in support of the accused in front of the jury. In their submission, they said that the accused hit a 52 year old, Mrs. Pamela, twenty six times with a blunt object on the head and other parts of the body. The prosecution also stressed on the fact that the accused attacked the dec
The modern healthcare sector is focused on the significant improvement of peoples quality of life (“Assistive Technology: Devices Products & Information” par. 5). The rapid evolution of technology and science conditioned the appearance of numerous opportunities that could be used by health care providers to help patients who suffer from various diseases. Moreover, the development of the health care sector and health technology resulted in the creation of new approaches to work with disabled people (Reason Digital par. 6). At the moment, they are being provided with specific devices that should make their life easier and help them in everyday life activities (“Biggest Innovations in Health Care Technology in 2015 & 2016” par. 4). Besides, engineers tend to create new devices to help this category of people not to feel disadvantaged. The given report revolves around the mechanical device created for a paraplegic patient to assist him/her with transitioning from a wheelchair into a Jacuzzi without anyone’s help. Paraplegic patients could be characterized by the limited excursion and inability to perform some routine activities (“Disability & Health Technology” par. 3). For this reason, they are suggested to use specific devices that should help them to overcome all difficulties that might appear in their everyday life. Modern wheelchairs have numerous options and guarantee a certain level of comfort for their owners (“People with Disabilities” par. 5). Yet, their capabilities are still limited, and there is a need for additional devices (“Ten Assistive Tech for People With Disabilities” par. 5). That is why we aim at the creation of a mechanical device to transport a paraplegic patient from a wheelchair into a Jacuzzi. Designing the mechanism we assume that he/she has a good upper body and arm strength that could help to use the device. We believe that the target audience for this report is comprised of paraplegic patients and medical professionals who will install, train, and operate the given device. In general, the device could be described as a certain system of blocks and levers that guarantee the transition of a patient from his/her wheelchair into a Jacuzzi. It consists of a bolted and flexible beams coalesced by the actuator and slider. The choice of the given design is conditioned by several factors. First, the lever will help to reduce the effort needed to use the device. At the same time, the slider and actuator guarantee that the construction will return to its initial state and there will be no need for extra actions to prepare it for f
The Vietnam War took place between 1959 and 1975. Also called the Vietnam Conflict, the War involved a confrontation between the Southern Vietnamese government with support from the US and the communist Northern Vietnam (Rushby 2). The participation of the US and other western nations was based on the fact that the Northern Vietnam was a communist country. This paper will thus discuss the different roles played by American and Australian women during the Vietnam War. The role of American women during the Vietnam War Women in America have played different role in all military engagements that the United States has taken part in. These women have taken on diverse roles such as secret agents, pilots, servicewomen, pilots when called upon. For example, women in the Navy Nurse Corps and Army Nurse Corp were sent to take part in the Vietnam War and the Korean War (Hornung 3). During the Vietnam War, the US sent over 2.5 million soldiers. It is worth to note that, out of this number, over 6500 were women who played different roles such as nurses, air traffic controllers, intelligence and language experts, legal officers, occupational and physical counsellors and other administrative and security positions (Hornung 5). According to Jan Hornung, the women’s battlefields were Operating Room, Emergency Room, Pos-Operating Room, ICU and Surgical Rooms. Although majority of these women were young and inexperienced, they served their country with honor, courage, and diligence. In spite of the numerous first hand challenges they encountered, they were able to achieve the highest survival rate-over 82%- for the most seriously injured soldiers (6). These women had to deal with high number military casualties. For example, during the entire period of the Vietnam War, over 152,900 military personnel suffered serious injuries that required immediate medical attention. In addition, an extra 149,000 had moderate wounds that needed medical care. It is worth to note that all these men were well taken care of by these nurses and other women from the Red Cross organization (Hornung 7). Civilian women also played a role in the Vietnam War through a number of organizations for example: the USO; the American Red Cross Army; the CIA; the United States Agency for International Development and many others. Women also went to the War as flight attendants, press officers, and as representatives for a number of humanitarian and religious organizations (DeCillis 1). Some went to the War as ‘nice girls’ to provide leisure services and boost morale of US soldiers engaged in the War. Nice girls offered other services such as sports, hobbies, service clubs, fine arts and delivered personal letters from the soldiers to their families at home (Hornung 8). These women were brave enough to offer these services in a dangerous environment. Some of them died in line of duty. According to statistics, over 50, 000 American military and civil women died during the Vietnam War (Hornung 9). American Red Cross Women in Vietnam According to official Red Cross records, over 1100 wom
It is in the records that racism has been a major barrier to the coexistence among various people in the world. This may cause alarm unless the issue is handled properly. The minority in various communities have resulted into discrimination and other animosities just because the majorities have voice. In this context, slave trade that resulted into the migration of black people to America has been the center of controversy as the current black people in America face racial abuse from the whites. The American leadership has tried all the best to avert lethal consequences and the approach by W.E.B. Du Bois, King, and Booker T. Washington has yielded different results (Dubois, 2010; King, 2010). The major focus for Booker T. Washington was to secure education facilities for the blacks to ensure that they got real life jobs instead of negotiating equality from their white counterparts. In this manner, Booker T. Washington acknowledged and was comfortable as a black person and his only problem was to be assured of assistance from the white. However, Dubois was in the opposite perception of this idea. Instead, he embarked on gradualist political strategy. In this strategy, Dubois sidelined the capability of the black people to equate them to illiteracy. Therefore, they had to concentrate on books to achieve similar privileges as the whites. In fact, he insisted that blacks had to be book smart to compete fairly in life with the white. Washington is in the record as a person who contributed to the fight against racism that had greatly affected the United States in the past. He embraced the black man conscious in a positive way to an extent that he believed the blacks had to work for themselves. According to him, equality was not the issue but the empowerment of the blacks. Therefore, they continuously argued the white to help the blacks through trainings, and life situations. The knowledge acquired from books had to be exercised in the real life instead of being book smart. Effectiveness in job by the blacks was his major focus instead of concentrating in the books. Surprisingly, Washington was not only interested on blacks but also the white. However, he intelligently talked to both in a cautious way to avoid attacks. For instance, he talked of stereotyped blacks whereas he insisted that blacks did not have to hide under the white man shadow. The blacks had to be creative instead of relying on the white. The approach by Washington was a clear focus on economic equality for the blacks. On the other hand, Dubois was of different opinion and approach to this issue. He based his argument on the gradualist political strategy, which undermined the intelligence among the blacks. He encouraged the blacks to compete fairly with the white through smart reading because it would make them highly educated and upgrade their IQ. According to Dubois (2010), equality could only be achieved through education to help the black to outsmart t