ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Executive Summary The Tucker Company is a manufacturing company dealing with production of jet engines and turbines. It manufactures three types of products. The products are specifically military aircraft engines, commercial aircraft engines and utility turbines. These products are made of similar materials. Metal is one of the major requirements for their manufacture. Since the products have different designs, the company’s chief executive officer makes up the way to divide the company into specialised divisions. He proposes the divisions to the management board of the company. Apparently, the board accepts the chief executive officer’s proposal, and the company is reorganised to enhance production. However, the new structure places a shared resource under the management of one of the divisions. This allows the particular division to control the use of the resource causing a conflict between a junior manager in one department and the laboratory manager (Samson & Daft, 2012). There is no way to check the laboratory manager’s actions since his superior officer has no official communication channel for other departments to report their discontent. The actual problem is the placement of the laboratory department in one of the divisions. Another problem aggravating the conflict is the social orientation of the two managers (Samson & Daft, 2012). Solution to Conflict of Personality Personalities are difficult to change. Since one of the problems affecting the Tucker Company is the personalities of two junior managers, it is important for the company to define the official duties of each manager. The laboratory manager should have his official duties explicitly defined to stop him from offering any kind of advice to a department where he is not accountable for any action. Solution to Flawed Structure It is necessary to restructure the company so that the laboratory manager has a proper reporting channel. Considering the current arrangement, the restructuring of the company will necessitate shifting the authority over the laboratory management to the CEO’s office. Although Mr. Hodge is a junior manager, he will report directly to the chief executive officer. When there is a proper reporting structure, the laboratory manager will be obligated to perform his duties well. He will be accountable for failure of laboratory services in any of the divisions. Organisation of Tucker Company The chief executive officer of the company supervises the three vice presidents of the divisions, and reports to the board. One of the three divisions manufactures commercial aircraft engines and a vice president heads it. Similarly, another division is headed by a vice president and manufactures military aircraft engines. The third division manufactures utility turbines and a vice president heads it too. In the utility turbine division, there is an engineering department headed by a manager. A laboratory is shared among the divisions since it is adequate for their use. The laboratory manager heads this laboratory. The laboratory department operates under the military aircraft engine division as a convenience measure for the company. Presumably, the military
“Too Big to Fail” is a book by Andrew Ross Sorkin and a movie; it is about the 2008 economic crisis events and the collapse of Lehman Brothers from the perspective of the US government watchdog and Wall Street CEOs. The book/movie gives a summary of the first phase of the fiscal crisis of 2007-2010 from the beginning of 2008 to the decision to create the Troubled Asset Relief Program (Cunningham 42). The book/movie tells the story from the viewpoint of the leaders of the most important monetary institutions and the major dictatorial authorities. Too Big to Fail is the ultimate story of the most influential men and women in economics and politics struggling with achievement and disappointments, ego and voracity, and, finally, the destiny of the global economy. The book is compared to Marx’s theory and other scientific semiotics in different ways. Marx was a great economist, and in his theories, he talks about the financial crisis and the world’s economy. This story is not only about the financial institutions that were “too big to fail,” it is a suspenseful story that has forceful characters who thought they were “too big to fail.” The book discusses the issues in the world’s economy and the financial crisis experienced. Marx’s theories explicate why such issues arise and how they can be controlled. According to Marx, an idyllic economic system involves equal value exchanges where value is basically determined by the magnitude of work put into the production. In the book/movie, these principles are not applied, and many decisions are made in a meaningless way. A lot of money is raised by the government to save financial institutions from great economic depression. Marx categorized government control of assets and funds as one of the ten crucial steps to the road of communism . Capitalism disrupts this principle by initiating a profit motive, a need to create an irregular exchange of smaller value for bigger value. Profit is eventually founded on the extra value produced by human resources in financial institutions. All of this is aggravated by capitalism, which only augments the discrepancy between the affluent classes and the manual labor classes. An altercation between them is inevitable since these classes are driven-by chronological forces that are beyond their control. Capitalism is evident in the movie/book; it creates economic depression through the misuse of surplus-value. Finances/economics are what make up the foundation of all human history and life, creating a distribution of labor, class struggle, and all the societal and financial institutions which ought to uphold the status quo. Those societal and financial institutions are a superstructure formed on the foundation of economics, entirely reliant on economic and material realities (Ross 514). Scientific and Marx ideologies are helpful in understanding the reasons behind the financial crisis events taking place in the movie. All of the institutions which are important in people’s everyday lives can only be truly comprehended when scrutinized with regard to economic forces. Marx had a unique expression for all of the efforts that go into building those financial insti
Introduction The Sarajevo war had a lot of effects on the residents of Sarajova. The news footage of the 1994 Sarajevo marketplace massacre and the Bosnia war was interpreted differently. During this war so many people lost their lives and so many buildings were destroyed. For instance the Bosnia and Herzegovina parliament office was also destroyed during this war. It was open that during this year, Muslims kept staging massacres and this was to enable the Muslims to gain sympathy of the western media and as a result, push the west to enter the conflict on their side. In Sarajevo the Bosnia army provoked the Serbs daily. During the same year, the Bosnia army jumbled another step forward by launching infantry attacks from Sarajevo towards the Serb-held suburbs of the city and this army immediately started attacking the Serbs from a safe area.Eventaully, these Serbs retaliated. As a result, the Bosnia president appealed for air strikes against the Serb guns. This was a report by the CNN about the truth of Sarajevo market place. There was a lot of conflict during this war which affected so many lives of these people but according to the news report, two different stations reported the war differently. (McCabe, 1992). The video from the French news report from Sarajevo reported the events in Sarajevo in a different way from how people know the information about the war. In comparison to the CNN report. This shows that some of the news broadcasts don’t usually give the correct information on these events for instance the Sarajevo war. As a result, this can peoples opinions of what is happening in the world. Different news broadcast stations usually give different reports on the same story. The similarities between the two news reports were the wide impact the war had to the residents of Sarajevo. The war affected so many people in that country and also had so many impacts to that economy. There were also many injustices which are also reported differently from these stations and are committed on people based on their religion, race, gender, sexual orientation among others. The Sarajevo market place massacre and the Bosnia war led to so many people shedding their blood as can be shown in the picture below. Unfortunately, the reports about the war were reported differently to the public. Another report on the Sarajevo market place massacre is by the wall street journal. The report was that Rajhis bank has been supporting the Wahhabi groups around the world. Their most prominent bases are Bosnia and Kosovo. They reported on firefights which the Serbian police had in the south Serbia where the Islamic were trying to extend their influence. (McCabe, 1992). Negativity has a role to play in the way stories are reported. This is because if the reporter has a negative attitude or is sensitive about that event, then you find that the story is going to be reported differently. As a result, the whole meaning of that story is left. There are certain similarities when reporting these events. You normally find that the real fact of the event is brought but with a different meaning altogether. There are also some differences by these presenmt
El Aleph is one of the most important and one of the few narrative stories of Borges, in which there are an extended plot and characters entering into dialogues with each other. Moreover, there is a combination of different themes, which gives reason to consider El Aleph a small story. The plot boils down to the fact that the narrator visits the house of his deceased lover once a year for many years until he finally becomes friends with her brother, a mediocre poet who composes a long poem describing the whole world. The narrator wonders how he succeeds – and it turns out that in their house under the stairs there is an aleph – an exit point into supra-space, from where you can cover the whole world with one glance (Borges 9). Roberto Arlt’s El jorobadito , in turn, may be considered a loud proclamation of dissent against the societal postulates in Argentina in the 1920s. The author disagrees with “an exclusionary social model that profoundly affected politics and the organization of the social body” (Garrett 187). Arlt aims to determine dangers to society in order to overcome them. The plot depicts a man who has been imprisoned for killing a hunchback that embodies the bile and vices of society. The protagonist’s monologue shows that he had some rational reasons for it, and still people show him no mercy (Arlt and Wiseman 669). At this point, in order to provide a comparison between these two works in a concrete framework, the essential of the Latin American boom should be given – in brief. One of the characteristics of the Latin American boom authors is the creation of fictional scenarios. They became symbols that explored the development of culture from a socio-political point of view. Also, unlike their previous generation based on realism, they explored Latin American reality through experimental narrative forms. This break with tradition
Decision making has a key role in determining the success of an organization, given that resources and other important parts of a company are influenced by decisions made. The speed with which decisions can be made is of essence as it directly determines the rate of duty execution thus; it is paramount for decisions to be timely. This has elicited debate as to which strategy of decision making between decentralized or centralized is better for organizations to adopt. The management of AES for example, is inclined to the decentralized strategy of decision making. Though the organization stresses on four core values that must be followed by everybody, each department has the freedom of choosing which method to use in executing their duties bearing in mind the core values (O’Reilly & Pferffer 2000). Human resource department is not part of the organization’s strategy of decision making instead, employees are supposed to come up with ways of tackling issues in their line of duty. It is the responsibility of the employees to organize for training sessions whenever they are faced with difficult situations or issues that they are not conversant with. Through this, the employees of AES have learned to be responsible for their actions and they feel they are part of the people who will make the organization succeed and therefore, their level of productivity has increased. The strategy helps the organization in adapting fast to the dynamic business world and expedites the decision making process, as well as enhancing common set of values that are followed by each employee (O’Reilly & Pfeffer 2000). Centralized decision making strategy does not provide for flexibility incase there are unforeseen changes in the business environment therefore, giving the opponents a competitive advantage in such instances. The easiness and speed of decision making that is associated with decentralized decision making strategy allows quick reaction to the dynamics of the business world, and that is what has helped AES to prosper. When people work as a team, the average output of the organization is improved since team members are ready to help each other hence eliminating inefficiency. Decentralized strategy of decision making highly advocates for employees to work as a team hence increasing productivity (Ariunaa 2010). Different individuals have knowledge in different issues therefore, incorporating them in the decision making process ensures that high value decisions are made. On the same note, decentralized decision making strategy allows employees of various departments to use the experience they might have regarding their department or apply the knowledge they have to run and upgrade these sections. This ensur
Introduction This report is a review of the existing database system of Northwind called Accounting Information System. There are four major objectives for which the review is carried out. These objectives are related to the database structure of the given application database system. It involves analysis of its eight tables, their significance, and queries made based on the tables and business needs. In a broader view, the database has all the relevant features that it must have. After considering all requirements, the database developer built it in a very systematic manner by incorporating eight different but related tables, necessary forms queries, reports, open access pages, macros, and modules, etc. The database deals with all business-related activities of Northwind. Each table contains unique data of each branch or department of the organization. Prioritizing the main objectives of the review, this report discusses the characteristics of components of the database and their effective utilization in the organization. Objective 1: Database Table Structures Northwind Accounting Information database system consisting of eight distinct tables with their unique identity. These tables maintain a sort of relationship, thus forms the relational database system. Analyzing, in detail, it is noticed that the above-said database has been well designed giving consideration to the main factors like lossless decomposition, dependency preservation, and redundancy proof. The first factor is important to ensure precision in data, the second to guarantee the efficiency of updates, and the last to avoid redundancy of data. Still, it has some flaws. As far as all tables of this database are concerned, each table is of the Third Normal Form. “A relational table is in 3NF if and only if all non-key columns are   * mutually independent and   * fully dependent upon the primary key. Mutual independence means that no non-key column is dependent upon any combination of the other columns.” (Source: Basic Concepts) . Tables are created and designed in the MS Access model. The relationship among each table is well established. However, there are some significant limitations in the design part as the primary key fields of the independent tables are mostly ‘AutoNumber’ in type. These tables are Suppliers, Categories, Products, Employees, Orders, and Shippers whose primary keys are ‘AutoNumber’ fields. It is not a good practice of designing tables in a database environment. Another lacuna due to which the design is not up to the required standard is the inappropriate defining of Private Key. ‘ProductID’ and ‘OrderID’ are the primary key fields of tables ‘Products’, and ‘Orders’ respectively. These two fields are connected with the ‘Order Details’ table. So these two fields in ‘Order Details’ should be foreign keys. But they have been defined in ‘Order Details’ as the Primary key which is incorrect. Considering basic elements of the database, the designing of
Debate setting It is important to discuss the essence of Human Resource Development (HRD). It is important to state that human resource development is a continuous process that starts with employee hiring and can only when the employee is fired. It is also necessary to discuss the importance of human resource development. How an organization can benefit from successful HRD strategies. Discussing Traditional Leadership Models It is necessary to point out the significance of leadership in HRD. First, traditional leadership models should be discussed. What are the peculiarities of Trait theory? What are the shortcomings of the theory? What are the peculiarities of Behavior Theory? It is important to compare the two theories. Then it is possible to pass on to situational leadership which combines features of the two models. Discussing Contemporary Models After discussing the advantages and what are more important downsides of traditional leadership models, it is possible to start discussing contemporary models of leadership. How these models differ from the traditional ones and what they have in common? It is also necessary to stress that contemporary m
Professional development for teachers in kindergartens is essential for quality education to be realized. There is a strong correlation between staff development and the quality of their teaching. Teaching in Kindergartens is a bit challenging because it is the next level just after early childhood care. Teachers at this level need to be equipped with the relevant skills to handle this category of pupils (Iverson, 2002). Fundamental factors such as level of education of the teacher and the content of training the teacher received play a key role in determining the level of development a kindergarten teacher needs. The level of professional development of the teachers at the kindergarten stage plays a key role in the general development of pupils and the quality of education they receive at the end of the day. This paper will reflect on staff development in kindergartens. The level of professional development can be measured in form of the formal education the teacher received in different courses and other forms of training such as workshops and seminars. The main focus is on the content of the coursework in all forms of training and the methods used to implement staff development mechanisms (Iverson, 2002). The behavior of the teacher in the classroom is fundamental in measuring their level of professional development. Kindergarten programs should form the bulk of the courses and training these teachers receive for them to deliver quality education. Teaching in elementary schools requires some experience in pre-kindergarten programs since most of the pupils are still very tender and need the care of a child. Training programs outside the normal formal system help a great deal in the professional development of the staff in kindergartens. There are some discrepancies in the qualifications of kindergarten teachers that need to be urgently addressed to breach the gap in qualifications of the kindergarten staff. The relevant authorities have the responsibility of ensuring that the kindergarten staff meets the current requirements of teaching in kindergartens (Iverson, 2002). Additional training has proved be very important in generating quality settings in classrooms. Through extra training, the teachers are able to improve on their classroom language and stimulation in terms of reasoning (Joyce & Calhoun, 2010). The qu
Introduction As the world becomes advanced, manufacturers and marketers have realized the importance of the internet as an important media to connect them to their customers. This explains why the majority of organizations have websites to interact and communicate with their clients and customers. Car manufacturers rely on websites to share their new models, new makes, technologies, offers, and prices with their customers. The quality of a website determines the success of the manufacturer because it will attract the highest number of visitors. This paper compares and contrasts the websites of Jaguar and Chevrolet car manufacturing companies. Comparing and Contrasting Two Websites: Jaguar Vs. Chevrolet The first thing to look at is the appearance of these two websites. The Website of Jaguar Car Manufacturing Company is unique and simple. On the far left is the logo of the company thereby informing the visitor that he is already at home to the manufacturer of Jaguar cars. In the middle of the screen is a quality photo of the latest car model. The displayed picture will tend to vary from time to time. However, this is a classic website because it informs the visitor to the website that he is on the company’s website (Kaushik 12). The company’s website presents a simple page that is easy to interact with and use. In terms of appearance, I can say that the Jaguar website is presented in such a way that it encourages more users to visit. At the bottom of the website, page is the major continents or locations where the Jaguar Company operates and markets its cars. The locations included here include South America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East, and Central/North America. When the visitors go to the website, it will be possible to choose a location and navigate accordingly (Glenn & Gray 23). After examining the Chevrolet website, several differences are noticeable in terms of appearance. The website is also simple but does not offer specific locations. The topmost part of the website gives the visitor an opportunity to locate the desired vehicle, find dealers, and get the prices and offers given by the company (Glenn & Gray 23). The site gives the visitor a chance to browse the needed cars and learn about the Chevy culture. At the very bottom of the website are the new products from the company. The user can scroll and navigate different toolbars to get the new products and concepts marketed by the company. The beauty of this website is that it has different pictures of cars that are already on sale. When a person visits the website, he/she gets an immediate chance of learning about the new cars and can make earlier decisions about the kind of car to purchase (Kaushik 12). The two websites are presented properly thus making it easy for the visitor to use them. In terms of content, Jaguar’s website does not offer the visitor a lot of content. The website only presents the specific locations whereby the user can search and locate the favorite car or service from the company. One advantage of this website is that it is accessible and makes it possible for