ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Effective communication skills are critical for the functioning of both private and public organizations. In many cases, the exchange of information is vital for decision-making in businesses and their adaptation to the change in external environment. This paper is aimed at showing that the management of stress is the most vital skill of effective business communicators who can interact with people with various backgrounds and values. So, this issue is of great importance to employees, managers, and leaders who may have to resolve a great number of conflicts in the workplace. This argument is based on two premises. First of all, stress significantly impairs individual and organizational performance (Ongori & Agolla, 2008, p. 125). To some extent, it undermines the interactions among employees, their attitude toward their duties, and the goals that are set by the management. This is one of the main issues that should be taken into account. This is why it is critical for employees to know how stress can be managed or at least alleviated. Secondly, this goal can be achieved with the help of different communicative techniques such clear goal-setting, humor, or empathy. These are the main questions that should be analyzed more closely. It should be kept in mind that stress is one of the main factors that significantly impairs the performance of various organizations. This problem can lead to such difficulties as absenteeism, decreased productivity, increasing rates of turnover, unwillingness of people to help one another, and growing number of sick leaves (Ongori & Agolla, 2008, p. 125). These are some of main impacts that scholars identify while examining the challenges that different companies can encounter. Apart from that, employees, who have to cope with stress, are not committed to the long-term goals that the management sets (Ongori & Agolla, 2008, p. 125). They are more interested in following specific instructions set by the executives. However, they do not want to take any initiates. As a result, the performance of a business can become stagnant in the long term. Additionally, such people are more likely to enter into conflicts with others. They usually become very irritable and their responses cannot be accurately predicted. Moreover, these individuals often have to struggle with emotional and physical burnout. This is one of the reasons why ability to manage stress is critical for managers or leaders who are responsible for ensuring the development of busin
The problem of environmental pollution with hazardous wastes is growing steadily with the development of various industries and chemical production. People rarely pay attention to the labels on their lamps, batteries, cleaning powders, and hobby materials. Nevertheless, all these products can contain hazardous chemicals that can harm animals and plants, and pollute the environment. The purpose of this paper is to analyze two discussions about household hazardous wastes and their treatment in the U.S. The Environmental Protection Agency (2017) defines hazardous waste as “a waste with properties that make it dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health or the environment” (par. 4). In the modern world of developing industries and chemical production, any artificial materials used by people in their everyday life can contain hazardous substances or produce a harmful effect on the environment if they are not properly utilized. The first discussion pays attention to the treatment of hazardous wastes in the City of Tucson. The authorities of the city use several approaches to address the issue of hazardous wastes utilization. The distribution of information about potentially harmful materials on the Internet helps to enhance the awareness of the citizens about the potential dangers of their household materials. The website of the City of Tucson lists the common products that can contain hazardous substances. People can learn about potential dangers in their homes and use Household Hazardous Waste Program to get rid of hazardous wastes for free without harming the environment. Citizens from other locations can utilize their potentially harmful products for a small payment. Companies and individuals organize hazardous waste collection among their workers or neighbors. The second discussion examines the treatment of hazardous wastes in Jasper County. The authorities of the county also encourage the citizens to utilize their potentially harmful materials safely on landfills specially designated for this purpose. To reduce the threat of pollution, the county has initiated a Solid Waste Management Plan. According to Jasper County (2012), “The Plan was developed as a planning tool for solid waste management in Jasper County to cover a planning period of at least twenty (20) years” (par. 20). The citizens can utilize only a limited range of hazardous wastes using landfills. Nevertheless, the authorities of the county strive to give opportunities for the safe disposal of a wide variety of products. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2017) claimed that “in the mid-twentieth century, solid waste management issues rose to new heights of public concern in many areas of the United States because of increasing solid waste generation, shrinking disposal capacity, rising disposal costs, and public
The treaty of Paris was a peace truce that was signed between Britain and the United States. It was aimed at attending to the American revolutionary war. Negotiation involved John Adams, John Jay and Benjamin Franklin, all from America. On the other hand, the British parliament was represented by David Hartley. The proceeding occurred in Paris after which the treaty was named. The United States independence was recognized as a result. After the signing, the Thirteen Colonies were declared and taken as liberated states. From this point, the British did not have any power over the government and the land of those nations. They were allowed to make their own rules to govern their operations and create their own national government without any form of interference emanating from the British (Wood 263). The United States was allowed to expand its territory to the western boundaries. This was specifically important as the U.S. was able to move towards the Pacific Ocean and secure good harbors and adequate land for the expansion of industries. The land that was reserved opened new settlements that helped in decongesting some of the crowded areas. They were also granted the rights to do fishing and to explore and navigate the land that extended to Mississippi and Florida regions. There was also a mutual agreement that the British army would leave the American territory. This initiated more peaceful atmosphere for mutual existence as the United States gained full independence. This became the most important signing that the treaty held since it was intended to promote peace. Free Trade Initially, the British government introduced laws and regulations that controlled trade activities in America. When the treaty was signed, the laws were repealed and the territories were allowed to engage in trade freely without stringent rules from the British. The American nations henceforth traded with one another easily and freely without any form of interference. Debts that existed before were also to be settled in a due time so that existing loans could be cleared for the beginning of the new era. An end was laid against annexation of loyalist property. Land issues were settled and agencies were formed to determine the true and legal owners of lands not only for the Americans, but also for the loyal British settlers who had land ownership rights. This promoted mutual co-existence between them and as a result, they were able to stay and live anywhere on the land. Land rights were also laid to aid in acquisition of lands for business and settlements respectively. More factories and industrial buildings could then spring up across the nations due to availability of space. However, as a result of the signing, some territories remained undefined and as a result disputes raged. Some provisions governing the rights also remained unenforced and it took so long for them to be put in order (Temperley 392). This caused a lot of tension to the American and the concerned nations. Many people had fear for settling in such areas, despite how productive they could have been due to possible dispute occurrence. The
“I can do things you cannot; you can do things I cannot; together we can do great things” (Leaf 2018, p. 87). These words, originally spoken by Mother Teresa, represent the core idea behind diversity and its benefits to business and the international community at large. The progress of human civilization is associated with the ability to share ideas and improve upon existing ones through cooperation and conversation. With the rise of trade and information technology, conversation and cooperation were enabled at a larger scale. In the 21st century, it is possible for a person from the UK to have a conversation about contemporary issues with people from Berlin, Japan, and South Africa, exchanging ideas and promoting mutual growth. When it comes to business, however, the subject of diversity becomes more polarizing. The very word ‘diversity has become associated with two major paradigms: Race and gender. According to Terjesen, Couto, and Francisco (2015), corporate business boards in most western countries are comprised solely of white men, with the percentage of female directors ranging from 5.6% to 16.9% in the time period between 1990 and 2014. The situation is better in non-executive boards, where female representation reaches up to 30%, but the overall growth rates remain low (Gordon 2016). Racial representation of minorities in western companies remains low, at around 7.7% of the top 100 Fortune board seats, illustrating that the overall composition of business boards remains relatively homogenous (Harjoto, Lacksmana & Lee 2015). Although diversity in the board of directors has the potential to enhance its decision-making capabilities significantly, if implemented without measures to improve inclusion, it might impe
Introduction This essay compares United Arab Emirates (UAE) laws with those of other GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) member countries. It covers various areas of the UAE laws and other GCC legal systems. GCC countries consist of Kuwait, Bahrain, the UAE, Qatar, Oman, and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The UAE legal system focuses on the development laws, which favor foreign investors. The UAE has a written constitution. There are executive, judicial, and supreme authorities. These bodies have links with central government. It also has a ruling family and rulers who have connection with the three branches of government. The UAE has a federal system of government, which consists of seven emirates. Every Emirate has its own ruler. The UAE has a twofold legal structure. Issues that involve families fall under the Sharia courts. Sharia courts apply to all citizens, including non-Muslims too. People can take divorce, child custody, family affairs, inheritance, and other cases about family affairs to Sharia courts. The other court is civil, which focuses on business and corporate affairs. In the civil courts, common law applies to all. The UAE also has a Federal Supreme Court as stated under Article 95 of its constitution. Still, Article 104 states that local judicial authorities have authority of all issues within their emirates. However, these only included cases not assigned to the Federal Supreme Court. The UAE Law Comparison with Other Gulf Cooperation Council Legal System The Basic System We have noted that the UAE derives its laws from Sharia principles, but some elements of the UAE laws originated from the European concepts, particularly in civil laws. These laws may have links to the Egyptian legal system. In addition, the French system could have influenced some of the provisions in civil laws. In fact, other GCC member states have also adopted the French system in their civil laws. The UEA has specific laws on “agencies, company law, labor law, and intellectual property, as well as the civil and commercial codes” (Khedr & Alnuaimi, n.d). Structures and provisions of laws under various categories have facilitated the development comprehensive corporate laws. However, the UAE still has a strict and non-flexible legal system. This has facilitated bure
Situational analysis for a police officer Every career has its in-depth needs for effective accomplishment of duties. In my duties as a law enforcement agent I have had the chance to interact extensively with the members of the society and this has necessitated me to come up with a good marketing strategy that will ensure that I am able to deliver my police obligations maximally. This is because the society demands that I should have high quality police skills that will enable me arrest offenders and ensure that the overall tranquility of the society is not destabilized. It is my duty to make sure that the well-being of the society is maintained at all times and this will be maintained through my continued development as a police officer in order to align myself with the changes in society to meet the diversity of the ever-evolving criminal minds. Market Summary Being a police officer has laden me with the volumes and volumes of information about the society and how crime is propagated in the community from one generation to another. This knowledge has enabled me to attain a great deal of knowledge on the common attributes of crime from some of the most frequent criminals in the society. My possession of this information leverages me by placing me at a better position to understand who is most likely to be criminal in the society, the specific needs of a community and how best to communicate to all the members of the society without jeopardizing trust that the society members have on me and my credibility to ensure that laws that govern the country are adhered to hence ensuring that order is maintained at all times. Market demographics for the police officer The police job is one of the most strenuous jobs that exist in the planet due to the complexity of the obligations that are entailed in it. Therefore, stress is an inevitable part of the police personnel. The demographic factors that affect effective operation of the police personnel are castigated by the poor working environments, the poor living conditions that police officers are exposed to, the dwindling of the confidence in the police unit, the need to make some of the hardest decisions among others and this requires some strong m
Introduction Many people, including educationists view writing as a product of writing and not a process that results from learning (Seow, 2002). However, writing is a process that requires continuous effort (Writing as a process or a product? n.d., par. 3). It is debatable whether corrected work should be returned to student to correct them. Correcting requires instructors to focus on main errors to avoid demoralising the learners (Seow, 2002). Correction of written work should be done carefully and efficiently using the correct approach. Code error should be utilized. It is evident that when students go to learning institutions they do not know how to hold writing materials, but with time they learn and start writing. It requires both cognitive expertise and logical efforts to improve (Seow, 2002). Different approaches of correcting are utilised by different educators. The paper discusses an experiment that was done by a researcher, whereby a student was expected to write about a topic. Th
Meursault In The Stranger, Meursault is portrayed as detached and unemotional character. Meursault does not care much about consequences of his actions. He does not reveal his feelings during emotional times (Corbert 1). He exhibits indifference all through the book. For instance, he sheds no tears after his mother passes on. He reveals limited emotions for Marie Cardona, his girlfriend and does not regret at all after his murdering an Arab. The manner in which he treats people and events around alienates him from his feelings and close relationships with other people. He is therefore referred by the author as the stranger (Anderson 1). Meursault is expressively separated from the world around him. He does not react to sensitive events (such as the death of his mother and marriage proposal) that would spur a swift response from anybody. He simply does not care whether Maries loves him or her mother is dead (Spark Notes 1). Meursault goes to the nursing home where his mother is to be laid to rest. He however baffles his mother’s friends and the staff when he fails to show his emotional feeling to her death. He neither cries nor asks to see his mother’s body and takes off without delay after the burial ceremony. As the day come to an end, he says, “it occurred to me that anyway one more Sunday was over, that Maman was buried now, that I was going back to work, and that, really, nothing had changed” (Ward 1). This turns him into an existential hero, a person who is familiar with the vainness of human existence, but moves on even in the face of its elementary absurdity. Meursault is amoral-he is neither moral nor immoral-he simply cannot distinguish what is good from bad. When Meursault is asked by Raymond to write a letter that the latter can use to torture his mistress, he unsympathetically consents to the request because he “didn’t have any reason not to.” He does not care about the consequences of his actions, writes the letter chiefly because he is able, and has time adequate time (Spark Notes 2). The relationship between Meursault and Marie Cardona Although Meursault’s behavior seems odd, there is a young lady who seems interested in having a relationship with him. There is also a neighbor who wants to befriend him. Meursault appears satisfied to be unmoved. He remains emotionless even in circumstances that would compel any ordinary person to elicit strong feelings. He never sheds a tear when his mother dies and during the burial ceremony. He goes to the beach the next day after burying his mother and comes across Marie Cardona. They go for a dip, watch a movie later then sleep together. As their relationship progresses on, Marie asks him if he wants to marry her, He answers “I said it didn’t make any difference to me and that we could if she w
Stephen Jay Gould was an American evolutionary biologist, paleontologist, and a historian of science. Gould has gained recognition as one of the most influential and vastly read writer in the area of the popular sciences, throughout his generation. The larger part of Gould’s career was spent working at the Museum of Natural History, and as a lecturer at the Harvard University. Gould’s highly recognized contribution to the field of science was the founding of the theory of punctuated equilibrium, which he cooperatively developed with Eldgeredge in the year 1972. The theoretical model proposes that major evolutionary phases, are characterized by extended periods of evolutionary constancy, which are briefly broken by the instances of branching evolutionary trends (Lowood). Gould is, perhaps, best recognized for the contributions he made to the evolutionary theories, history, and the philosophy of science. Gould is also recognized as the author of 300 successive essays for his monthly column, under the title, This View in Life , published in the Natural History Periodical. This author has also written 20 best-selling book titles, and scientific papers in the range of one thousand. From his work and publications, he received titles like the Medal of Edinburgh among others. This paper is an evaluative account of his writing endowment in the areas of his unique writing voice, his distinctive writing style, and the characteristic traits that identify his writing from all others. The paper will also analyze his style, in the area of argument structure, how he builds ideas to the reader through reason and citing support for his claims, as well how he clearly addresses his target audience through his writings (Natural History 48-57). It may not be much work to identify the writings of Gould, considering the fact that through his writings, he clearly depicts uniqueness in writing and a unique writing voice. In the area of his distinctive writing style and voice, it is highly explicit from his writings, that he uses a unique writing voice as a mode of creating plainness of content, and increasing the comprehension. Citing special reference to his work, The Median Isn’t The Message ; the following writing voice and style are evidently explicit. First, it is clear that one of the strengths he shows through his writings is the usage of an active voice, as opposed to the usage of a passive voice (Dunn). One example of how he uses this voice in The Median Isn’t The Message is the quote, “many people make an unfortunate and invalid separation between heart and the mind.” Gould’s writings are dominant with the usage of the active voice, as he seeks to avoid the negative effects of using the passive voice in scientific or logic-based writings. Some of the disadvantages of using a passive voice include the portrayal of ideas in an awkward manner, and
Introduction American history witnessed the rise of liberty and democracy among the population of the United States. At the same time, it is the history of oppression, racism, and exploitation. This presumption allows us to consider slavery as the main paradox in the United States, as it contradicted the concepts of freedom and liberation promised by the governmental declaration of independence. This doctrine became the hope for the United Colonies to be free from British governance. American immigrants were in the anticipation of a better life, job, and attitude. The rise of the American Revolution triggered the formation of utopian ideals in terms of liberation, work, and race; however, these concepts were not supported in practice so that the dream for the united homeland was broken against governmental negligence and social cynicism. Utopian views on the liberation The revolution infused the hope for the liberation of the United States using consolidation and cooperation within the country. People believed that the government would destroy slavery and exploitation instead of giving priority to human dignity and freedom. The government was isolated from the social needs, as it reflects only the purposes of several privilege layers. Being in the state of natural liberty, people still felt the vestiges of the colonial past. Therefore, the problem is that “the dedication to human liberty and dignity exhibited by the leaders of the American Revolution” was impossible because American society “…developed and maintained a system of labor that denied human liberty and dignity every hour of the day” (Morgan 6). The only hope for liberation was independence, especially for those who strived for reconciliation and consolidation. These aspirations were rigorously rejected by the government because of the inability of moral virtue to govern the world. In this respect, the concerns of populations with their utopian ideals of liberty were increasing simultaneously with an increasing desire of the government to take control over the former colonies. Utopian ideals of work The utopian views on freedom were transferred to the views on the place of ethnic minorities within the American society and their right to work. Still, the American Revolution gave hope for the better for people striving to stop the suppression and excessive exploitation. It also provided people with a new vision of freedom or equality of rights. Being inspired by the changes, people started creating utopian communities directed at the extermination of inequality toward national minorities. Jobs were granted to former slaves in the form of compulsory labor (Morgan 8). This ‘imaginary’ freedom of choice was spread on suppressed minorities, as it was determined by the previous stereotypes built by the government. According to Paine, the problem lied in the corruptness of the government since “if people suffer, they know the head from which their suffering springs, know likewise the