ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Saudis have a distinct traditional clothing that differentiates them from the rest of the world. The traditional clothing consists of special attires for men and women. Saudis prefer to wear their traditional clothes rather than western styles of attire. Over the years, the age-old designs of the traditional attires have been modified to reflect the changing tastes and preference in the contemporary society. The dressing code in Saudi Arabia is mainly influenced by culture, Islamic teachings, and the weather in the country. Generally, Islamic teachings, as well as, the customs and traditions of Saudi Arabia require men and women to dress conservatively. Clothes that reveal much of a person’s body are considered inappropriate; thus, they are avoided. This paper will focus on Saudi Arabia’s traditional clothing by discussing its role or place in the country’s culture. Men’s Attire Saudi men have a special attire that reflects their religious beliefs and cultural practices. The main clothe worn by all Saudi men is referred to as the thawb. This dress is usually designed as a loose garment with long sleeves. A typical thawb is a full-length clothe that covers a man’s body from the neck to the ankle. The conventional color of the thawb is white. However, the color is changed occasionally to reflect the prevailing season. For instance, darker colors are preferred during the winter season. Consequently, the thawb worn during this season can be brown, black, or dark blue in color. The material used to make the dress also depends on the prevailing season. Cotton and polyester are the preferred materials for making the thawb for the summer season. This is because they retain little heat, thereby enabling men to withstand the hot summer weather. During winter, the clothes are made using wool in order to keep the wearer warm. Thawb’s collar is often designed in a variety of styles in order to accommodate different tastes and preferences. The most common styles are the rounded and the triangular shapes. The design of the sleeves is also not standard. Some have “loose cuffs, whereas others have tight ones”. It is a common practice to fit the tight cuffs with buttons in order to accommodate different arm sizes. The cuff buttons are also used to embellish the thawb because they are usually designed in different shapes and decorated with special items such as diamond. In most cases, the shape and color of the button matches that of the collar. A traditional cloak referred to as the “mishlah is usually worn by men on top of the thawb”. Cotton and wool are the main materials used to make mishlah. This garment normally comes in different colors such as black, cream, and brown. The mishlah is worn during special functions such as weddings. Men also wear an under garment that is referred to as the sirwal. Men’s headgear consists of the taqiyah, ghutra, shumagh, igal, and imam. Taqiyah is a white hat that is usually made from cotton and is worn directly on the head. Ghutra can be worn on top of taqiyah or directly on the head. It is usually square in shape and made from co
The Key Features Of An Incident Command System An incident command system is a model that is used in the command and control of emergencies. It is a system used to respond to incidents that involves disasters and provides a framework for responding to the occurrence of emergencies by coordinating and controlling relief efforts in an emergency. The common goal of an incident command system is to stabilize incidents leading to the preservation of life, the environment, and property. A study by Rubin (1997) shows that the incident command system is used to ensure efficient and effective utilization of resources in responding to disasters. Studies by different researchers have shown that the incident command systems have proved to be successful models widely used in responding to different types of emergencies, which include incidents that involve multiple casualties, handling of hazardous materials, sea accidents, and the widespread rescue missions (Cole, 2000). One of the areas in which the model was applied successfully was when I was assigned the duty to command an incident command system in response to an incident that involved earthquake victims. The disaster involved earthquake victims in one of the local areas in the USA, southern California where I worked as an incident commander. The incident command system involved the commander cooperating with group members working in the relief efforts (Cole, 2000). The commander was also required to be open minded to new ideas by the team members, participating actively in the incident response system, and ensuring that effective communication characterized the entire system (Cole, 2000). The main components around which the system was build included a command structure that included entire resources and persons working in the relief efforts, the planning component, operations element, logistical elements, and finance and administration. In context, each of the elements mentioned above contributed significantly to the success of the incident command system that I was to implement in the designate area. While the entire system elements have been mentioned, my part as an incident commander was to take on the responsibility of the command function of the incident command system (Cole, 2000). In response to the disaster that occurred, the framework involved executing the activities that fell under the responsibilities of the incident commander, one of them being to establish the incident response program. The incident response program involved putting in place measures to preserve the life of the people adversely impacted by the earthquake. In this case, the emergency program required an emergency movement of the people from the disaster zone by identifying and creating new areas that were
Amoxicillin is a standard antibiotic often used in primary care settings. It consists of an aminopenicillin, with an extra amino group added to the penicillin, which fights antibiotic resistance (Akhavan et. al., 2020). It may cause difficulties in patients with hypersensitive reactions. The types of reactions determine the severity of the symptoms. Type-I and type-IV are the most important to remember as one can be more dangerous than the other. A type-I reaction activates a histamine release which in turn causes a pruritic rash in mild cases and systemic issues, such as anaphylaxis, in serious circumstances. While in general it is recommended that skin testing be done prior to drug provocation test in the evaluation of amoxicillin allergy, there is increasing evidence that drug provocation testing could be done in lower risk children without skin testing prior. It is estimated that while 10% or children have an amoxicillin allergy, most patients are able to tolerate the antibiotic after being evaluated (Abrams & Moshe, 2019). Testing remains necessary as allergic reactions to amoxicillin often suggest negative effects on health, but the methods remain debatable. There have been multiple studies that suggest that lower-risk patients can take drug provocation tests without prior skin testing. In a study, pediatric patients with histories of allergic reactions to amoxicillin were tested with the antibiotic. However, the study continued a 5-day administration to those patients that did not present immediate allergic reactions (Labrosse et.al., 2018). A similar study focused on testing children with history of instant reactions, including anaphylaxis, with skin prick test and additional oral graded exams (Faitelson et.al., 2018). The skin tests did not help the diagnosis of amoxicillin allergies but the history of drug allergies, asthma, and reaction during older age sufficed as predictive elements for actual reactions to the antibiotic. In a recent study, allergists observed that patients, especially children, with amoxicillin-associated allergic reactions became non-allergic when rechallenged with the antibiotic. They showed symptoms of urticaria, maculopapular exanthem (MPE), and serum sickness-like reaction (SSLR) (Labrosse et. al., 2019). During the re-exposure, there were more patients presenting signs of SSLR than exp
Introduction Art is a tool used to explain ideas about society. Art as part of history, informs human beings about certain ideologies that were considered to be significant in history. Differences in the art are used to explain differences in ideologies of different periods. This discussion is based on early Renaissance and high renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci (High Renaissance) and Fra Filippo Lippi (Early Renaissance) have been compared to ideologies of their paintings. High Renaissance High Renaissance is characterized by the need to make art look real, especially in the development of a strong interest in anatomy. The high Renaissance is also characterized by the need to paint ideals of the cosmic world in sculptures and paintings(Hatfield 315). Artists in high renaissance are concerned about religious and political tensions presented through paintings. In particular, artists in high renaissance engaged in the search for cosmic truths. Paintings reflected concepts such as proportion, order, and harmony(Schroeder and Borgerson 153). Early Renaissance In the case of the early Renaissance, artists were interested in humanism. Artists were concerned about painting human beings while placing less importance on God or cosmic truths. Despite less importance on cosmic truths, Christianity was the only religion in the early renaissance. However, the introduction of humanism by painters ensured that religion is given a human face. Painters portrayed saints, holy family, and apostles as real-life members of the society rather than idealized figures as depicted by artists in the high Renaissance(Holberton 31). Man as the center of art motivated the study of the human body. As a result, the study of the nude led to
James K.Polk He was born in 1795 in Mecklenburg, North Carolina, and was the eleventh president of the United States of America. He was from the Jackson family and often referred to as the dark horse. He graduated from the University of North Carolina with honors in 1818 in law. He once served in the Tennessee legislature and served as speaker between 1835-1839. The Oregon treaty This is a bilateral treaty between the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the USA that was signed on 15 th June 1846 in Washington D.C and brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute and settled both Americans and Britons in Oregon country. This is also known as the treaty with Great Britain, the Buchanan-Pakenham treaty, or the treaty of Washington and basically deals with the limits westward of the Rocky Mountains. The slave power The slave power was used in the Northern United States in the periods between 1840 to 1875 to mean the political power of the slaveholding states in the south. It’s sometimes referred to as the “slaveocracy”. The Wilmot Proviso This provision of 1846, which provided that as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any territory from the Republic of Mexico by the US, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the executive of the money herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of the said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted(passed by U.S house of representatives,1846 and 1847, never passed by US senate). John c.Calhoun’s state sovereignty theory This theory by Calhoun’s argued that the federal government is the creation and agent of sovereign states, and each state, as sovereign is the final judge of its constitutional obligations. He rejected that all men are equal phrase, saying it was a dangerous mistake. (All academic research- John C.Calhoun and the legacies of Jefferson and Madison). Popular sovereignty This was a political doctrine th
Introduction The international system after the Cold War changed the appearance of the world order drastically. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America remained the most powerful country in the world. Thus, the post-Cold War era is characterized by the so-called unipolarity. The dominant position of the United States is a distinctive feature of the post-Cold War period. The relationships between the US and the Middle East underwent significant modifications too. The shift from bipolar to unipolar international system gave the USA possibility to promote the peaceful coexistence of countries in the Middle East, but the failure to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict and the terrorist attacks on 9/11 made the USA prove its supremacy as a superpower. The International System during the Cold War The aim of the essay is to evaluate the impact of the shift from bipolar to the unipolar international system on the Middle East. Consequently, it is necessary to provide an overview of the Cold War period first. The Cold War commenced after the end of the Second World War. The timeframe of this period is 1945-1989. After the overthrow of the Nazi’s Germany, the whole world expected to enter the era of democracy. Nevertheless, the most devastating human war gave rise to the next conflict. The principal feature of the Cold War world was the rivalry between the United Stated of America and the former USSR (Phillips 2001). One should understand that the Cold War was not a conflict only between the USA and the USSR. The whole world was divided into two parts. It was the conflict of ideologies. Several reasons preceded the development of the world order during the Cold War. The role of the USSR in the Second World War predetermined its future position. Thus, the country enlarged its territories after the war. Besides, the USSR’s army achieved the victory at Stalingrad, and it became the watershed moment of the war. This event changed the perception of the USSR. It was known as the country that changed the march of history. Also, the USSR’s ideological system began spreading in European countries. The last significant factor was that the demobilization did not concern the Red Army at the end of the war. The Soviet Union had a superiority regarding military power (CVCE 2015). At the same time, the Soviet Union damages were the most devastating. The country lost almost thirty million people during the war. Its industry was utterly ruined. The USSR had no air or navy forces. It had no nuclear weapon too. Despite all these disa
The meeting was held on February 16, 2012, at Beavercreek administration block. The meeting was called to order at 1830 hrs. The board meeting was officially opened by a roll call, followed by a pledge of allegiance. Next, our district’s communication supervisor spoke about the upcoming fish fry, the homecoming parade/pep rally, and channel two presenting our football team with a plaque. Next, the Board introduced the food service supervisor, who informed us on the school menu and how a magnet showing the menu was sent home to each family. She also talked about how they are busy with free and reduced lunch paperwork, and lastly, reminded parents that last year’s application would expire on September 28. The members present were presented with the list of the meeting, which they approved as presented. Next, Board members made their comments, and then the Board’s report on different councils was delivered starting with the; Curriculum Improvement Council, Athletic Council, OSBA Council, Performing Art Council, OSBA Student Achievement Council, Enterprise Zone Tax Review Council, District Technology Council, Construction Program Core Team and lastly, Greene County Career Centre. Several comments and questions followed by the public. Next, Mr.Maag presented the financial report and requested the acceptance of the donated items. Next, a new business on the list was discussed. These included; the issues of employment, salary changes, leaves of absence, and terminations. These were followed by approval of NEOLA’s recommended board policy changes and revisions. Beavercreek city schools 2012-2013 school year calendar were approved. Another new business discussed was in regards to the new construction/bond issue. The resolution was made to approve the original construction document and authorizing bidding for the Dayton-Xenia road improvement. The answer was also made by the Board to support renovations. Next, a recommendation was made to go for a five-minute recess. This was followed by the superintendent’s report on the Dan Schroer presentation. Next, the dates and venues of various upcoming events and activities were announced. These included the dates and venues of the following events and activities; the next Board of Education meeting, Chamber of Commerce Awards Banquet, OSBA Southwest Region Spring Conference, and Class of 2012 Graduation Ceremony. Next, a recommendation to enter into an executive session was made for consideration of the appointment, employment, dismissal, discipline, promotion, demotion, or compensation of an employee, student, or school official. The executive session was to investigate charges or complaints against any such persons unless such a person requests a public hearing. There has been no other business to discuss a recommendation to adjourn the board meeting was made. All members present were reminded that the meeting was a meeting of the Board of Education in public and should not be considered a public community meeting. From the meeting, I have learned a lot in regard to the differenc
This paper discusses the decision-making process for any organization regarding outsourcing issues. Outsourcing is the process in which a company invites external personnel, agents or companies to work on their projects. So, it is very important for the management to select the appropriate company. If they make a wide-the-mark decision and choose such a company that is incapable to finish the project, then the outsourcing company would have to bear all the losses concerning the uncompleted project. So for any company; decision-making is a very critical process as far as outsourcing IT operations is concerned. Economic globalization around the world has created a need for corporations to subcontract, not only the fabrication of merchandise to external parties but also to benefit from off-shore outsourcing amenities or infrastructure. In short, IT outsourcing; is defined as providing a variety of ever-changing IT products and services to others who are unable to produce these themselves. However, the question that these companies need to answer, before taking any major step is- whether standard financial investment information and criteria are all that is needed to effectively evaluate IT outsourcing decisions? A generalized opinion to this question is straight away ‘no’, as there are a few major steps implicated as a company decides its extent of outsourcing. No matter what the size of the company is, each conglomerate has to answer three questions as to when to outsource? Who to outsource to? Thirdly, what methods to use in outsourcing? Secondly, a company needs to have strong management to conduct the decision making process; as it might happen that the outsourced companies in which the corporations have invested their shareholder’s money, may go bankrupt or under while leaving the outsourcing companies to pick up the pieces together with being liable and responsible, as well as answerable to their shareholders for making the wrong decisions. Organizations worldwide have effectively outsourced their IT operations to many external parties. However, it would be totally wrong to say that standard financial information and criteria are the only requirements to evaluate the effectiveness of IT outsourcing decisions; there are a number of other strategies and criteria that are important when making decisions. One such strategy is the need to establish IT outsourcing criteria. A company no matter what its size is needed to comprehend its objectives, and decide how to manage them along with the supporting technologies available to them. Establishing an outsourcing approach facilitates the management to form sound expectations, and measures the company’s cost and benefits as far as outsourcing is concerned, using established criteria (John & Campell, 2002). Another issue is the selection of a correct service provider together with noting
Introduction Quality process improvements cannot occur without applying useful tools in an organization (Rocha-Luna, Garza-Reyes, & Kumar, 2013). The tools include:   * Process Mapping;   * Six Sigma;   * Kaizen Tools;   * Force Field Analysis. Understanding quality improvement processes requires a proper understanding of the available tools and techniques of implementing quality management plans. In this paper, I highlight process mapping tools, six sigma tools, Kaizen tools, and forced field analytical methods as the main tools for quality process improvements. Process Mapping   * This is a tool for analyzing business processes;   * It Breaks down business processes into individual events for easy analysis;   * Involves recording, in the form of a picture, of a business process flow;   * Promotes a better understanding of business processes for purposes of improving business growth (DTI, 2015). Process mapping tools are useful in the initial stages of quality improvements because they help managers to gather adequate information about a business process for purposes of designing a dynamic model of quality improvement. Through this process, managers could easily understand the activities that take place in a process. In this regard, process mapping emerges as a useful communication tool to help quality improvement teams understand business processes and exploit opportunities for continuous improvement. Six Sigma   * The six sigma tool is a measure of quality that strives for near perfection.   * Its disciplined and data-driven approach eliminates defects in business processes (iSixSigma, 2016).   * Its fundamental objective is the implementation of a measurement-based strategy for process improvement (PMV, 2012). The six sigma model is mostly concerned with delivering quality attributes within a customer’s specification. Opportunities are identified by computing the total quantity of chances for a defect. This tool has helped companies realize improved returns on investments. For example, General Electric has saved more than $10 billion after using this model (iSixSigma, 2016). More companies are using this tool after realizing its potential in quality improvement. Kaizen Tools Strives to achieve small incremental changes in quality management to improve a business’s efficiency and quality (PMV, 2012). Includes four main steps:   * Assessing;   * Planning;   * Implementing;   * Evaluating. Assigns responsibility to every worker and not just a few people. It is commonly used in lean manufacturing and lean processing (TechTarget, 2016). As opposed to other quality improvement tools that I have highlighted in this presentation, Kaizen tools are distinct because of their holistic nature. For example, they do not exempt anyone in the quality im