ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This particular branch of sports refers to the factors especially the mental-oriented factors that affect the effectiveness as far as the performance of a sportsman or sportswoman is concerned. It entails the effort to seek to comprehend the mental as well as psychological issues responsible for interfering with the performance in sports activities (Shane, 2005). Some of these factors range from personal confidence to the support offered by the cheering squad. Therefore, sport psychology is concerned with the study of the skill and tactics that will enable sportspeople to increase their performance. Some of these skills include concentration during the game, enough training, self-confidence, relaxation during the game, goal setting, and most importantly teamwork (Shane, 2005). Other major skills that have to be observed for a sportsman to improve performance include emotional management and also ensuring that any injuries are minimized as much as possible. The video clip is a representation of a basketball game. Usually, this is a sport that entails teamwork. This is because the effort of each member of the team dictates the performance of that particular team. Each of the teams contains five players. The video is in a sports activity setting. The actual action can be seen. Several issues can be picked by observing the video clip which includes: Group cohesion: This entails how the members of the team share the tasks in which they are involved (Shane, 2005). It can also show the aspect of social bonds that the players share amongst themselves. Considering the video clip, I would say that the team members have very good and excellent group cohesion among themselves. This is shown by the way they relate to each other during the game. Moreover, after one of them scored the rest of the team members run to him to celebrate together. Imagery: This refers to the visual images that are formed in the mind of the observer (Shane, 2005). For instance, the ladies that are watching the game as the clip begins are already standing as well as the entire crowd simply because by following the game keenly, they can anticipate a score. This is because of the images they have already formed in their mind as they follow the event. Attention and focus: This refers to the ability of the player to be able to put their full focus on the activity they are being involved in. In the clip, one of the team members in black sport wear is still very focused and able to score despite the shouts, the distance, and the disruptions from his opponent. He is doing it from a very far distance. In addition to that, he is also not bothered by the issue of time. All that matters is for him to aim and then score. Motivation: Motivation refers to any effort that is put forth that is focused on the players to encourage them to perform well (Shane, 2005). This may come from the coach, the other team members as well as the cheering crowd. Concerning the video, the players hav
The issue of obesity is rather prevalent in the modern world today. There are numerous reasons behind this problem, including aggressive food advertisements and the extensive campaign for fast food and other products that do not correlate with a healthy lifestyle. As more and more people are affected by both the short- and long-term outcomes of obesity, it is important to come up with several solutions that can be implemented at a local level. If the researcher is successful in validating the effectiveness of the proposed interventions, these will be implemented in neighboring areas, and the recommendations of the study will be authorized on a larger scale. The rationale behind these proposals is the understanding of the importance of building a healthy community that is aware of the ways to take care of both their mental and physical health. It is necessary to take into account the issues that are characteristic of certain locations to develop a generalized intervention plan that will be in line with all the specific characteristics relating to the issues of obesity. The researcher will outline several interventions that can be adopted, both on an individual level and through a combined approach within the framework of an already existing healthcare system. Throughout this paper, the various interventions will be described in detail, together with the process of their implementation and expected outcomes. The implications and possible limitations of each planned interventions will also be discussed. Finally, the researcher will synthesize the options that have been listed and consider in more depth the potential effectiveness of the proposed interventions. Proposed Interventions Several interventions will be reviewed within the framework of this paper. These include community efforts and the promotion of healthy lifestyles within any given setting. It is safe to say that a variety of different interventions are necessary for different settings, such as schools, early childhood care, and food services. To start with, we can pay closer attention to the improvements that can be made in the area of early child care and education. Here, it is necessary to assess the available educational facilities to identify the impact of products that are consumed by children on their health. It can also be useful to address the issue of physical exercises and come up with a simple strategy to develop healthy habits in childr
Overview The role played by computers in modern life cannot be overemphasized. The advances which have already been made in computing technology are enormous. Owing to this, modern life has transformed to an extent that most applications and principles require the use of knowledge derived from computers. Computing roles have been integrated into society in facilitating different activities which would take man significant amounts of time to accomplish effectively. This paper explores some of the critical positive and negative roles played by computers in the contemporary world. Positive Roles Computing in Medical applications The contemporary application of computers has found its way in carrying out research in medicine for improved healthcare (Ward, 2004). Data that has been obtained from patients is recorded, stored, analyzed, retrieved, and transmitted in a very efficient way through the use of computers. In the case of an Intensive Care Unit where urgency is of great importance, the use of computers comes in handy. Additionally, an emergency department has benefitted tremendously from the use of computing knowledge bearing in mind that there is often a lot of data generation from patients and laboratory results that need to be analyzed and interpreted. The use of handwritten patient details has a myriad of shortcomings. For instance, records can easily go missing when information has been recorded on a sheet of paper. Moreover, handwritten data may be poorly documented leading to a misleading interpretation of the same. This may also be coupled with a lack of legibility on the written data leading to further confusion. It is also cumbersome to gather, store and retrieve all clinical information pertaining to patients when such records have been hand-written (Ward, 2004). Computers are being used to carry out the huge and complicated data storage and analysis which would have otherwise been a nightmare. Indeed, computers are playing a very important role in the advancement of medical knowledge. Interestingly, the contemporary clinical information systems make use of computers and computing knowledge in delivering healthcare to patients. One important attribute of computers is their ability to provide more accurate and regular information which has been stored and analyzed. This is the very principle used in clinical information systems and has proved to be very beneficial. Transcription errors which may result from automated data entry are largely eliminated with the use of computers in medical analysis. There are other category of errors which were prevalent for long when handwritten data was being used in the past. For example, errors that arise from data which is not complete have been alleviated in clinical studies. This is a very important role which computers play in this field. Consequently, time spent on analyzing and evaluating patient data has been reduced significantly hence saving lives which would have otherwise been lost. Another notable role of computers
The article written by Theodore Levitt on the globalization of the market mainly focuses on the difference between ‘multinational’ and ‘global’ corporations operating throughout the world today. The author describes how the concept ‘global’ being quite new in the field of marketing than the concept ‘multinational’ is threatening the latter due to the change in the mentality and preferences of customers worldwide which have turned into what he calls “ relentlessly homogenized ” (Levitt 3). He has rightly called the concept of global corporations absolute and multinational corporations obsolete. He presents a clear picture of how the national or local cultures today are not getting enough importance in front of the “high tech” and “high touch” global products that have flooded the worldwide market. The author has presented wonderful examples of people craving modern western goods at low prices from all over the world and every sphere of life. People from interior areas of poor countries, countries affected by war and fundamentalism, and fighting for their day-to-day lives are not exceptions. That has led to the smuggling of western clothing electronic goods, cosmetics, automobiles, and even pirated movies. His examples support very well the idea that he wanted to present in the article. The author has stated that the customer of today wants standardized products available as it is throughout the world rather than customized products modified to suit their national or local cultures. The example of Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola has been rightly stated by him as an example of success which has conquered the taste buds of people irrespective of their national, religious, or ethnic differences. According to him, the whole world loved them equally with their same “ taste, flavor, consistency, effervescence and aftertaste ” (Levitt 3) everywhere. The author thinks this success was not something exceptional. He opines rightly, “ Indeed, their global reach would be even greater were it not for artificial trade barriers ” (Levitt 3). It cannot be denied that in today’s market the cost of the products matters a lot. The combination of reliability, quality, price, and delivery makes a perfect package for a customer anywhere in the world for “ prod­ucts that are globally identical with respect to design, function and even fashion ” (Levitt 4). The author has defined “ scarcity, the difficulty of acquisition and transience ” (Levitt 7) as the driving force of the market today. The customers, though considered as the king, are not from royal status everywhere but they want products of the same high grade in a price range they can afford. The ‘global’ companies are therefore providing quality things at low prices and strengthening their hold over the market whereas the multinationals that focus on high-priced customized products are lagging in competition (Hill 27). The au
Introduction Objectives & Scope of the Assignment To analyze Changi Airport Singapore in terms of overall capacity constraints considering its master plan. This report presents a critical analysis of factors affecting the planning and expansion of Changi Airport, Singapore. With the Master Plan in place, the objectives of this analysis are:   * Study the background and development of Changi Airport, Singapore   * Review the existing facilities offered by the airport   * Analyze the current runaway utilization and identify issues related to physical design of airport, obstacles surrounding the airport, runaways   * Assess the airside infrastructure in terms of A380 compatibility   * Appraise the terminal layout and airport map and identify the possible solutions for better utilization of existing facilities to meet the continuously increasing demand   * Review the existing cargo operations and facilities available at the airport and advise on the possible ways of increasing the cargo capacity Background & Overview of Changi International Airport, singapore Changi Airport, Singapore is one of the major aviation facilities in Asia, more so in the region of Southeast Asian (Paylor, 1994). Before the establishment of Changi Airport, an Airport at Paya Lebar served the entire needs of Singapore as a country (Karamijit, 2007). Due to increased demand for traveling services, the government of Singapore initial had a proposal to expand the airport by building a secondary runaway at Paya Lebar, which was seen as a modest approach in terms of period for construction and costs for land acquisition (Airport Master Plan, 1985; Karamijit, 2007; Probert, 2006). However, there was the eminent problem of pollution considering the fact the airport’s increased capacity would have created a serious noise and air pollution to the residents of the City Airport (Operators Association, 2001). This prompted the government to change its strategies after several reviews with the final decision to build a new airport in Changi, with a definite higher cost (ACI, 1995). The planned cost was several times more than initially planned for expansion of Paya Lebar, and the planners failed to account for the access roads to the new airport from the city (AIP, 2009; Karamijit, 200). Out of the approximated 1,300 Ha of land that was allocated for Changi Airport, 70% of the land was reclaimed from the sea (Karamijit, 200). Fig. 1: Map showing location of Changi Airport. Initially, the construction kicked off with first two runaways that were 1.6 km from each other and three terminal buildings as well as surface approach constructed in H-formation in the area girded between the two runaways (Dobbie & Hooper 2001). Terminal 1, built at a capacity of 22 mppa, was almost twice the size of the one at Paya Lebar (completed in 1981). It was until
Industry background Both companies are involved in the confectionary industry in U.K. The industry is competitive with many players. The products manufactured by the industry include dairy products, chocolates, snacks, biscuits among others. Over the past years, the industry has witnessed closure of some of its companies. The closure led to increase in the number of imports of confectionary products with fewer exports. The confectionary industry has been leading over the year, although there are fears that it is facing competition from other emerging economies. Company background Cadbury is a multinational company with its headquarters in London U.K. The company is ranked the second best confectionary after the mars incorporated. The company owned by Kraft foods operates in more than 60 countries thus making it the second best. Cadbury U.K employs more than 3000 employees and has 8 manufacturing factories. Some of the products produced by Cadbury U.K include biscuits, chocolates, ice creams, cakes and flakes. All its products bear the Cadbury brand to differentiate them from others in the market. Rococo, Grococo and the Grenada Chocolate Company is a key player in the confectionery industry. The amazing thing about the company is that after its inception it was awarded academy of chocolate award in 2008. Some of the products of Rococo are chocolate bars, Hampers, chocolate art, gift bags, drinking chocolate and nougat among other confectionaries. Product overview The Cadbury Dairy milk chocolate has been around since 1905. This has been a success story for Cadbury making is a leading and famous chocolate brand (Kraft Foods 2011). The Cadbury dairy chocolate is still famous even today. It is made from milk, sugar and cocoa mass which are mixed and cooked together. The combination of these ingredients makes the chocolate its unique flavour. It is packed in different size ranges and can be used as a snack. Rococo chocolate is organic and is made from cocoa and other ingredients. It comes in bars and in different shapes, flavours and sizes. Strategic marketing It is the identification of the most sustainable and suitable competitive advantage a company has based in the industry and using available resources to its advantage (Lamb 2011, p.35). Macro-environmental forces These are external forces that affect a company and it has no control over. They directly affect companies and the whole industry. They can be dynamic and volatile and need not to be underestimated (Groucutt, Forsyth & Leadley 2004, p.34). They include economics, politics, legal frameworks, technology, social cultural factors and the natural environment. Micro-environmental forces There are internal forces that originate from the company and it has control over. They include employees, suppliers, customers, competitors, regulators, trade unions among others (Groucutt
The main purpose of the article by DeMatthews, Carey, Olivarez, and Saeedi was to explore how racial perceptions impact the enactment of disciplinary measures in school contexts. The authors began by stating that Black students have a higher likelihood of facing a suspension than White students. In that way, it is important to focus on the actions of school authorities, such as the principals as the major disciplinary agents, and their perspectives on students’ race in connection with their behaviors. The authors added that negative school outcomes created by these power dynamics could produce adverse social outcomes and that is why this research is important. DeMatthews et al. noted that Black students often face punishments that are too harsh for the kind of misconduct they showed. This phenomenon can be interpreted as the abuse of power and excessive reactiveness of the authorities to the actions of a specific social group. The authors discussed the concept of institutional racism as based on a notion coming from biases practiced on multiple levels and resulting in the “adultification” of Black students and their perception as flawed beyond repair. Over the course of the study, DeMatthews et al. found that the principals responsible for the enactment of disciplinary measures tend to base their decisions on personal ideas, as well as the attitudes dominant in their communities and regions and practiced by other related agencies such as district policy-makers, schools, and administrations. The personal beliefs of the principals can be different depending on their individual backgrounds and mindsets. The latter are formed by a variety of internal and external factors and thus make the agents confident about their actions and visions. Reference DeMatthews, Carey, Olivarez, and Saeedi (2017). Guilty as Charged? Principals’ Perspectives on Disciplinary Practices and the Racial Discipline Gap. Educational Administration Quarterly , Vol. 53(4) 519–555.
Faith Integration Displaying holiness to encourage parishioners to follow the path of virtue is an important role of a church leader. Therefore, the latter needs to adhere to the crucial standards of holiness and virtuous behavior. The described goal can be attained by incorporating key virtues into one’s behavior choices and decision-making. For this purpose, one may need to consider the principles of holiness as they are stated in Book 1 of Peter. Particularly, one will need to be in a sober mind and free of the shackles of ignorance that restricted one’s choices in the past. Therefore, to display holiness in dialogue with a potential parishioner in the organizational market, one should focus on maintaining one’s holiness as opposed to following any other principles. The specified decision is based on the need to believe in the intrinsic source of holiness as stated in 1 Peter 1:16: “Be holy, because I am holy” (1 Peter 1:16). Thus, one’s judgments should be impartial, and one’s goals should be geared toward personal salvation and not personal gain. By recognizing money and other types of assets, be they physical or intangible, as perishable, one will be free from the biases that the consumerism-driven society imposes on people. Thus, one will become a role model for potential parishioners in the organizational market and make an important statement about the immortality of the human soul. To display holiness when communicating with a potential parishioner, one should also strive to show sincere love for one’s brethren as told in 1 Peter 1:22. Promoting love to each other is an important idea that is often dismissed in the competitive realm of the organizational market. Therefore, people have to be reminded of the need to treat each other with due respect and humanity. Being forgiving of the flaws of human nature and the mistakes that people make under the spur of a moment and when being overwhelmed by emotions is the best way of showing a potential parishioner that holiness is achievable. Academic Content Gaining new knowledge is essential for the progress of the parish and the promotion of well-being among its members. Mark
Introduction The rate at which the current environmental crisis has escalated is attributed to the interplay between human activities and nature. There are many explanations that have been provided for the environmental crisis, but most of them fail to directly place the blame on people. For instance, scientists and government institutions have developed a culture of blaming global warming on the manufacturing and transportation industry. It is apparent that people have strived to steer off the blame for the environmental crisis that the world is facing, but they are the primary instigators of the problem. The ability of the earth to sustain humanity is gradually depleting because of the competition that man has mounted against nature. While some of the activities that man has been doing on nature are inevitable, it is possible to control the destruction of natural resources to strike an equilibrium between human needs and their natural supplies. The progress recorded by humanity over the past century has been a result of exploiting what nature has to offer. However, over the past several decades, it has become apparent that people have over-exploited nature, leading to an environmental crisis. This paper looks at the current environmental crisis, with a close focus on people’s relationship with nature. Pollution Human activities are the main reasons that there has been an increase of different types of pollution. The current environmental crisis is a function of the changes in climatic conditions in different parts of the world. Global warming has affected the environment adversely by causing unpredictable climatic conditions in different parts of the world. Global warming is a concept that humans have overly attributed to the use of oil-based fuel in the manufacturing and transport industry. It is apparent that air pollution would be reduced to a significant low if humans did not contribute to it. The carbon footprint of every individual contributes to global warming.This footprint can be calculated by evaluating the consumption behaviour of individuals on an annual basis. This should include the air pollution factors of transportation, food, and other products that an individual consumes annually. The average per capita emissions in the U.K. is 9.4 tonnes ( Individual Level , 2015). Water pollution is a significant cause of the current environmental crisis. The rate of water pollution has escalated over the years, and it is evidenced by the diminishing number of water organisms in some parts of the world. For instance, in countries that are involved in horticulture, their waste water from the farms is directed to natural water sources like rivers and lakes. This has led to the extinction of some plant and animal species. Pollution of large water bodies like oceans has also been witnessed over the past decade. For instance, the BP deepwater horizon oil spill is one of the recent human-caused disasters that led to an extensive destruction of the flora and