ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Hong Kong is one of the unique administrative regions of China that operates independently as a country since 1997, following the agreement between the region and mainland China to function as “one country, two systems” (Albert, 2019). The government of the People’s Republic of China granted the region autonomy for self-governance in all sectors except defence and foreign affairs. Consequently, Hong Kong has the freedom to carry out executive, judicial, and economic functions until 2047 (Chiu, 2018). The leader of the Hong Kong government is the Chief Executive, who can be impeached by the Legislative Council. The Chief Executive appoints the judges who serve in the Judiciary (Albert, 2019). Since gaining sovereignty, the country’s economy has grown tremendously, mainly due to its connection to the world’s second-largest economy. Hong Kong has become a global financial and shipping hub leading to its ascendancy to become the world’s second freest economy in the 2020 index (Focus Economics, 2020). Additionally, the GDP has grown steadily over the years, making the country one of the most attractive destinations for foreign investors. Hong Kong’s Financial and Economic System Between 1961 and 1997, when the country gained independence, its GDP grew by a factor of 180, while the per Capita GDP increased 87 times over the original value (Lee et al., 2019). The Coastal Metropolis is a primary conduit for goods getting into mainland China (more than 13% of all Chinese imports go through the ports in Hong Kong) (Chiu, 2018). In 1998, when the Hong Kong stock market was on the verge of collapsing, the government bought st
A learning style is a different way a person perceives and processes information. Understanding their learning mode allows one to incorporate their learning style with other methodologies and acknowledge how and when to use it. Each one of us has different ways of learning and comprehending. If I need to teach myself, the technique I first take and follow is visual. I like to see things and learn because the best way to educate myself is by looking at things. It is a more uncomplicated form of learning as I can observe things through whiteboards, images, and pictures, which help me, realize a particular concept. The virtual learning method works for us humans as we can remember what we see that lasts for a while in our memory. The plan is affordable compared to buying books as it just requires an internet connection and a laptop or computer. For instance, when a teacher demonstrates a concept using an image, the skills and knowledge one acquires from them are retained for a long time. Visual learning is practical and essential as it increases our understanding of a particular concept. In addition, it is easier to capture information through images than texts and lectures, which can be monotonous and boring. The visual method works every other time for me, as through lectures notes and handouts in class, I can create charts and graphs while the facilitator is teaching. Thus I believe my mode of learning is the best to use when studying. The method is successful for me to better understand and retain information by associating concepts, words, and ideas with images. Through the use of this method, I have found learning to be more exciting and captivating. Visual learning is a better learning tool as compared to reading. It has improved my learning capacity as I do not depend on a facilitator to teach a topic presented through a video. The method has also helped improve my interaction with the teachers, which has eased my learning experience. When analyzing the subject, complex issues such as math have become easy and understandable through graphs, charts, and images. It has also improved my brain retention power as it’s easy for me to remember, which has reflected in my results as my grades have improved. The method is fascinating; thus, I find it a motivational tool to study, saving me from distraction and helping me remain focused. There is various signifi
Introduction The family today is faced by major challenges owing to factors emerging every now and then ranging from globalization, increased social integration across the world as well as technological advancement. These and other factors have brought about a multitude of new changes that has brought challenges, completely altering family values. What are the major issues facing the family today? Sexual Relationships The age of initial sexual encounter is getting lower; this has led to unupsurge of teenage pregnancies and abortions in the short term and terminal illnesses in the long term. Religion teaches morals and sex is a taboo, this resulted to a negative attitude toward matters relating to sex, like sex education and information on contraceptives, very little sex education is acquired even to adulthood. With the proliferation of explicit information due to advanced technology on a wide range of sexual matters, young people are left to pick choices for themselves. Pundits attribute increase of same sex relationships due to influence channeled through electronic and print media. Delayed Marriages One big phenomenon is an increased delay in marriages occasioned by educational and career pursuits; this has resulted to an increase in single person’s households, a large portion of adults are still living with parents, while others are cohabiting. In Europe 65% of males aged between 25-29 years are still living with their parents while it was at 44% for women. (Cliquet 1) There are also instances of living apart arrangement where intimate relationships are maintained in completely different households. Nupitiality is on the decline, weddings are fewer, and so are the remarriages. Remarriages occur between those who have divorced. Reproductive patterns Today’s most married couples especially in Europe are opting for less number of children despite high fertility rates subdued by contraception. The is increased use of contraceptives has lead to lower birth rates, as well as delayed first birth. In some southern Europe countries, one out of two first births occurs outside wedlock, while in the US a third of all births in 2001 were out of wedlock. (Council of Europe 1). This has led to a decrease in young population. Instances of divorce have also escalated reducing birth rates, in Western Europe, 30% of couples will end up in a divorce (Council of Europe 2002 1). However the figures are higher if we were to consider data on separations, and cohabiting. This has led to an increase to single mothers house holds, and if coupled with single mothers by choice or accident, figures are higher. The instance
The plan for preventing pressure ulcers in patients in the discussed unit will involve multiple steps and require support from nurses and leaders. The main activities will be based on the FOCUS-PDSA model and implement such strategies as education, visual aid, and standardization of materials, records, and schedules. According to Berlowitz (2014), the most helpful way of measuring the outcomes of the intervention is the incidence of pressure ulcers. It accounts for patients who develop bedsores while staying at the hospital. Moreover, the stage of pressure ulcers may also be mentioned in the calculations to determine the risk of neglect from clinicians in the unit. The plan’s steps include new scheduling for turning of patients at risk, education about patient assessment for nurses, and color-coded visual aids for patient data about pressure ulcers. Plan The FOCUS-PDSA framework implies that much theoretical research should be performed before developing the quality improvement initiative. The previously found information has allowed one to identify that nurses (including nurse leaders), patients, and management can play roles in implementing the plan. The FOCUS part of the model defines the evidence-based practice and particular issues of the practice environment. The following guidelines and steps are offered as a solution to the high incidence of pressure ulcers in the unit. First of all, the program should start with preparing nurses for new practices. Thus, nursing education is the initial step of the intervention (Sving, Högman, Mamhidir, & Gunningberg, 2016). The nurses should be assessed before the day of training begins. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ, n.d.) provides a questionnaire that contains inquiries about pressure ulcers screening as well as a test that measures nurses’ current level of knowledge. After evaluating the staff’s level, the teaching day should begin – it will include the introduction of new processes for the unit such as color-coded marks on patients’ bedsides and documents, turning schedule, and assessment requirements. The practical portion of the plan will start with recovering data about all involved patients and determining their risk of pressure ulcers. All patients who are at risk of developing bedsores according to the Braden score should be marked with colored signs. Red color will signify high-ris
When advancing businesses or projects, it is important not to forget the consequences of the proposed project. This is because there are impacts, either on the environment or on individual lives or a community, that are caused by every endeavour. Construction of the Wonthaggi Desalination Plant (WDP) is an issue that raises various ethical issues as regards its sustainability, its effects on the nearby environment and its cost benefits. This paper addresses the moral issues and stance regarding the construction of the WDP. By employing the utilitarian and Kantian reasoning, it is concluded that the WDP is not a right action as it does not enhance greater good for the majority; the construction of the plant ignores the possible negative effects on the surrounding environment, not to mention that it is not a sustainable approach to water supply. The Wonthaggi Desalination Plant has been questioned as a project that leads to considerable climate change in addition to its potential negative effects on marine environment. Given that the plant is very close to the coastline, it has been suggested that the plant could lead to a surge in storms making the area susceptible to effects of rise in sea level (Fisher, 2010). In such a case, the huge annual pay amounting to about $570 million is blinding everyone, thus neglecting the likely consequence of flooding that would come if the project is advanced (Fisher, 2010). This is an advancement of Kant’s reasoning in that the construction of the desalination plant does not give consideration to the consequences of the action. However, it is imperative that maximum good to a majority, as enhanced by utilitarianism, be achieved by setting up this project (Audi, 2011). By constructing the WDP, it is expected that while there will be an increase in water supply to Melbourne’s residents, the marine ecosystem will be affected adversely. Since the location of the plant is very close to the coastline, it is expected that ecotoxic effluents will be discharged into the ocean thus threatening the existence of marine life (Watershed Victoria, 2009). The project has also been foreseen as unsustainable, more so with a rising population. It is therefore argued that more sustainable as well as affordable options should have been considered. Such options would include capturing rain water or water from storms or managing waste water effectively. In fact storm water, if well managed, could result into better water security since the water would be channelled to Melbourne’s storages as well as give room for restoration of damaged ecosystems since urban waterways would be guarded from a lot of damage (Watershed Victoria, 2009). From the above discussion on possible negative consequences of advancing the WDP, it is
The first word that strikes my attention in this book about pilgrimage is see . Phil teaches us to see or how to see the world because that is one of a pilgrimage’s objectives – seeing . He said that we should imagine ourselves like the peripatetics of Aristotle. Those artists walked through and fro in front of a live audience – their students actually – and motioned or acted and described what art is all about. They are acting and living art; pilgrimage is acting and living art, too. Moreover, as we go on and discover the meaning and objectives of pilgrimage, we will realize we are dealing with a different kind of art: the art of seeing what is sacred. “What legendary travelers have taught us since Pausanius and Marco Polo is that the art of travel is the art of seeing what is sacred.” (XXIII) This essay is not a book review, although we are basing it on the many passages of The Art of Pilgrimage, but rather a reflection and insights on pilgrimage while taking some valuable and spiritual ideas of Phil Cousineau on pilgrimage, and also adding a few of my personal reflections and experiences on spiritual journeys or pilgrimage. Phil suggests on how we should conduct our own pilgrimage. Look out to the world, visit those places, but never missing seeing them as if you are an artist, describing the beauty and magnificence of those wonders in the world. Every beautiful thing in the world is a wonder. This and many things about pilgrimage are what we can learn and appreciate in The Art of Pilgrimage . The object of pilgrimage is not rest and recreation, but to avoid the call of our senses; meaning it is not the call of the physical or material desires of the
Introduction The documentary identifies that corporations often apply some potentially harmful techniques in their production system as they seek to increase their profits. There has not been a lot of interest in identifying the potential harm that some production processes in corporations pose to ordinary people since most people have not been affected directly. The documentary goes ahead to give real life examples of how corporations are overlooking even basic human rights in their quest to grow and increase their competitive edge in the market. While it is identified that corporations are participating in unethical practices, apparently the liability cannot be placed on one specific person. The growth of corporations as it is explained in the documentary, promises a not so rosy picture of our future. The most unfortunate part is that we are all responsible for the unethical practices of these corporations since we fuel their greed by buying their products (Gevurtz, 2010). After identifying the inefficiencies that are inherent in corporations, the documentary raises the question of how we can manage the behavior of corporations to ensure that there are no innocent people who are being hurt by their activities. Among the issues identified as the major motivators of corporations and their behavior is the particular aspect identified as the corporate veil, corporate person-hood and the priorities of corporations in their production processes (Abbott & Springer, 2010). Argument The documentary outlines some major issues that have to be addressed to stop the corporate irresponsibility, but these issues can only be solved if the particular motivators to corporate action are identified. It is identified that most strategic managers often make decisions based on the particular well-being of the company as opposed to the well-being of the people that the company serves. This is worsened by the fact that there is always a monetary attachment to every decision made as it is identified that the number one driver behind corporate conduct is profit maximization. On the other hand, there is the compulsion to behave and produce their goods and services responsibly and this can only stem from legal liabilities (Kraakman, 2009). It has been identified that the legal system is weak and inefficient in attaching some form of responsibility to corporate actions. Limited Liability It is identified in the documentary that the main reason why corporations do not feel compelled to act responsibly is because there is no one in particular to take responsibility for the decisions made. While the owners of the corporation may be identified as the major beneficiaries of these unethical acts, they are not liable for any negative repercussions as their liability in the corporation is limited to their stake in the company. This is quite unfortunate as it is identified in the documentary that some of the repercus
Research question Are people who take coffee before going to bed likely to have difficulty falling asleep? Experimental hypothesis Consumption of coffee before going to bed will cause individuals to have difficulty falling asleep Independent variable The amount of coffee the subjects drink before going to bed Dependent variable The time after going to bed that subjects fall asleep. Participants Ten people will be selected for this experiment. From the group, five will drink coffee before going to bed while the other five will not. The latter group will be the control for the experiment. Measures The candidates selected for the experiment will be people who typically go to bed at the same time. This will help rule out the effect of other habitual factors that might influence the outcome of the experiment. The experiment For this experiment, questionnaires will be sent out to a class of college students, who will be required to fill in the time they usually go to bed and how easy it usually is for them to fall asleep. From the feedback, 10 subjects will be selected for the experiment. The selected candidates should be those who go to bed at around the same time and have no difficulty in falling asleep. Before beginning the experiment, the subjects will be required to sign a form indicating that they are not under any medication whose interaction with a coffee can have adverse effects. They also need to confirm that drinking coffee does not have any known affect on their health. Once the forms have been signed, the candidates will be briefed on the process of the experiment. The test subjects will be required to take similar amounts of coffee immediately before going to bed. The control group will not take any coffee before going to bed. A passive observer will be selected for each subject, and he/she will be tasked with the responsibility of recording the time when the subject fell asleep. Alternatively, the subjects can be provided with video cameras, which they switch on before going to bed. After taking coffee, the test subjects will be required to immediately go to bed. The observers will be given forms to record the time when the subjects went to bed and when they fell asleep. If cameras are used, data analysts will collect the recordings the following day and record the timings from them. The experiment will be conducted for 10 consecutive days. The timings collected in the 10 days will be evaluated, and an average of sleeping time (number of minutes between going to bed and falling asleep) for each individual calculated. Results and conclusion It is expected that the subjects who drank coffee before going to bed will take more time before falling asleep, compared to those who did not. If this is the case, then the experiment hypothesis
How the Company Can Use IT to Increase Global Presence The Coca Cola Company is already operating in the global market. However, it can use information technology to increase its presence in the global market based on the solution presented in the case. It is clear from the case presented that top managers need to use relevant theories to make the right decisions when introducing new technologies. The Coca-Cola Company can use Chaos Theory, as explained in the case to make the right decisions on how to embrace the right theories. The top managers need to understand that achieving the desired level of success in an organizational setting requires the use of emerging technologies. Using evidence-based research and relevant theories, it will be easy to determine the right technologies that can help in increasing its global presence. As Morden (2017) notes, such initiatives should not just focus on making the products available in the market but also ensure that the brand is known globally. How the IT Solution for the Organization Might Apply to the Company The IT solution presented can be applied to the Coca Cola as it seeks to increase its global market share despite the increasing competition in the market. The proposed solution identifies IT as an effective tool that a company can use to monitor and interpret the emerging trends in the market. This is one of the most important areas of management that the Coca Cola Company needs to focus on (Terry, 2015). Customers’ tastes and preferences in the beverage industry keep changing. This company needs to monitor and understand these changes to determine the most appropriate products that need to be offered. The top management unit will also need to understand these market changes to determine if it is appropriate to redefine the vision and mission of the company. The Ability of the Implementation Plan to Work I think the implementation plan will work if they follow it strictly and if they engage other stakeholders appropriately. According to Sindi and Roe (2017), it is critical for a plan to take into consideration the past and present factors within a given organization to achieve the desired level of success. It is clear that the plan suggested takes into consideration past and present issues of the firm in determining the right decision that needs to be made. It is also critical to ensure that such a plan is allowed to be flexible enough to accommodate future changes (Varbanova, 2013). For instance, an issue may arise such as inflation that was not
I interviewed my caregiver neighbor to understand how well she is coping with end-of-life cancer care. Caregivers can have physical or emotional detrimental effects due to the strain of the demands on them. When I reviewed the interview procedure, I realized that caregivers might be undergoing additional pressure because of their overwhelming responsibility (Kusi et al., 2020). I established that caretakers acknowledged their directness might help others, and they were only too glad to share their stories. Moreover, they valued that the importance of their role was being validated. I noticed caregivers oversaw the ill person, thus providing vital information about the ongoing changes. However, as a registered nurse, I noticed that the caregivers had a crucial role in their services as their focus was on healing and health. Their attention is not attached to curing and the disease. Through the inevitable pain, caregivers outstand their emotions to provide total support to the ailing individuals. In case of demise, one can see it in their eyes as they are impacted similarly to the family members by the loss. They maintain hope even in the death beds to the patient and the relatives, which is a vital thing to do in such times. From their reviews, the dying process does not inevitably bring despair. In the case of bereavement, caregivers play a significant role in validating the family’s feelings and showing them empathy. When all this is over, they are expected to give directions and the way forward on how the family can easily cope with the grief. Caregivers do not know what signs to anticipate and which ones are essential to reporting. Sometimes several signs reflect the advancement of a patient’s mild illness, which the caregivers do not know about (Rolling et al., 2019). However, when they are informed about what to anticipate, I realized they gained a sense of control. The lesson I learned from the interview guides me in attaining a more sympathetic attitude in my practice to serve them better.