ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Constant changes in the market trends directly affect the global corporate order. Regardless of countries’ sizes, different governments and business organizations focused on digital transformation completely overturn the competitive alignment of forces and create new forms of activity. At the same time, there are cases when some authorities are not able to move quickly, and their work becomes irrelevant. Keeping business performance under increasing pressure leads to a non-stop search for optimal strategies for working and enhancing productivity. One of the desired conditions is obtaining the greatest profit and providing the maximum number of services with the lowest production costs and spending fewer resources. In order to achieve such an advantageous mode of activity, it is essential to take into account many aspects and factors affecting the quality of government services. Based on the assessment of potentially effective strategies and examples of well-known corporations, it is possible to determine how to spend all possible resources on delivering more services with fewer resources. The active introduction of technology is the basis for governments’ transformations. Opportunities to allocate resources profitably open up due to the well-organized policy of implementing modern management methods. Customer Orientation and Compliance with the Market Expectations Technology allows governments of all sizes to deliver new products and services. They help official boards to create more with fewer resources, whether serving millions of users or preparing projects for introducing in public policies. According to Walker and Keenan, information technologies are implemented not only to improve convenience but also to attract the target group, strengthen governing positions, and provide consu
South America is one of the world’s most rapidly growing economies. With wise fiscal policies, efficient manufacturing, trade, and a well-functioning system of foreign relations, South America is gradually becoming one of the most important players of the global economic market. Despite somewhat slow rates of economic growth in the past, most South American economies have been able to regain their economic balance and have undergone profound economic shifts. Chile is no exception: a country with brilliant economic prospects, Chile exemplifies a triumph of modern economic thinking, coupled with well-designed fiscal policies, trade and exports. 2011 promised another leap forward, but in light of the recent economic downturn, Chile must be particularly cautious in its macroeconomic decisions. Chile is well-known for its economic successes. A market-oriented economy, Chile relies on trade and mineral resources, mainly copper (CIA, 2011). Exports account for nearly one-fourth of the country’s GDP, with three-fourths of total exports made up by mineral resources and commodities (CIA, 2011). Strong financial institutions, perfect business reputation, low inflation, and effective economic reforms support Chile in its way to macroeconomic excellence (CIA, 2011). The history of macroeconomic reforms in Chile dates back to the beginning of the 1990s, when the military government initiated the first economic reform (CIA, 2011). Since then, the country’s GDP growth has averaged 4% annually (CIA, 2011). Chile grew committed to trade liberalisation and eventually signed a free trade agreement with the United States; the latter gave an impetus to the country’s rapid economic growth (CIA, 2011). That Chile relies on foreign trade and opens its markets to international competition does not mean that it is more susceptible to global crises than the rest of the developed world (OECD, 2010). Previous economic achievements provide Chile with a strong competitive advantage. Most probably, even in the toughest economic conditions, Chile will be able to rebound from economic recessions much more rapidly than other developed countries (OECD, 2010). Simultaneously, present day Chile is not entirely immune from the risks of economic downfalls. A brief insight into the country’s GDP and its changes over time will create a complete picture of the macroeconomic situation in Chile. Gross Domestic Product is fairly considered as the most relevant measure of any country’s economic wellbeing. It is “the market value of all the final goods and services produced within in a country in a given time period” (Parkin 2007, p.77). The main variables comprising the GDP are consumption expenditures, investment, net exports, and government expenses (Parkin, 2007). Real GDP is calculated at c
Attitudes are imaginary constructions that indicate a person’s level of like, or dislike towards a something. It can be said that, attitudes are normally optimistic or pessimistic outlooks of an individual, place, item or an occurrence. On the other hand, managing diversity in nursing is the process of valuing the variations that individuals from different backgrounds bring to the nursing field; through appreciating and nurturing them. Importantly, the workers’ attitudes towards themselves and others affect their interactions and hence influencing their working. Based on this as a registered nurse, I am thinking on how I can manage diversity with reference to attitudes in a health care unit. Based on this, I have discovered that different individuals have varied attitudes towards others in the nursing field. In this case, managing diversity at work enhances patients’ care, and at the same time drawing as well as retaining individual talents in nursing. Based on this, nurses who properly manage diversity are in a position to provide their highest performance at work. Further it can be argued that, a varied nursing labor force that communicates different points of observations provide a wider collection of ideas and skills. On the other hand my thinking was challenged by the fact that, a negative mind-set and conduct can make an obstacle to nursing organizational diversity; as these damage working relationships thus spoiling an individual’s self-esteem as well as their work efficiency. From the understanding of attitudes and diversity management, it can be said that employees’ affairs can improved and at the same time labor costs reduced. As far as managing diversity in a nursing organization is concerned, I am deeply concerned about the tools to be applied in order to have enhanced achievement among the nurses. In this case, specific talents are essential for creating a successful varied labor force. As a nursing manager, it is of importance to restructure cultural unfairness and discrimination, as they create varied attitudes towards the n
System safety and security are critical for every organization because they allow professionals to predict and identify possible threats and issues that can have negative influences on organizational performance, human health, and the environment. Functional safety in this framework focuses on those hazards that are caused by technology, such as equipment, its specific part, or application. A failure to ensure safety often leads to critical disasters. Buncefield Oil Depot is an organization from the UK that dealt with such kind of problems in 2005. On December 11, one of its oil storages exploded unexpectedly, which made the whole safety group unpleasantly surprised and worried. The disaster at the oil depot was tracked back to December 10, 2005. It was reported that “at around 07:00 pm, tank 912 of the Buncefield oil depot started receiving unleaded motor fuel from the Coryton refinery” (Taveau, 2012, p. 55). Still, the issue became critical only with time, as the filling of the tank continued, which resulted in the overflow that happened on the morning of the next day. As the fuel was leaking away, it filled the oil storage facility, creating a fuel-air mixture. Soon, the vapor cloud reached a height of 3m and covered not only the oil depot but also the area around it, so that more than 100,000 sq. m. were affected (Gant & Atkinson, 2011). At about 6:00 a.m., the first big explosion happened and triggered further fires. As a result, more than 20 storage tanks were damaged that day. Even the car parks located in that area were affected. The plume of smoke spread to the South and could be easily seen from a distance. Emergency services and the strategic group gathered that day as soon as they got to know about the accident. The next day, firefighters successfully coped with the peak of the fire but it was already impossible to avoid a critical loss of secondary containment. On December 15, the fire stopped, and an on-site investigation began on December 16 even though some parts remained dangerous to approach for months. All actions finished only in February (Buncefield Major Incident Investigation Board, 2006). The investigation conducted under the lead of the Investigation Board revealed that the disaster was caused by problems with the automated tank gauging system (ATG) and the independent high-level switch (IHLS). As it turned out, they were not able to operate effectively, which caused extreme increases in the fuel level and a loss of primary containment. The IHLS was adopted by Buncefield Oil Deport in the middle of 2004. This tool was provided by TAV Engineering Ltd., an organization that both designed and manufactured it. It designed the switch so that it required routine tests that assessed its effectiveness. However, the install
Abstract This paper looks at what is meant by the term smart clothes. It gives the history of smart clothes by looking at the relationship between fashion and technology. In this paper we find that the smart clothes are dated back to the early 20th century and they can be attributed to the works of artists and scientists. Smart clothes differ from other fashions in that they act as clothing as well as protective devices. They are embodied with electronic sensors for carrying out different functions. This paper relates the functions of smart clothes in monitoring the health of patients and shows how they can be used for entertainment. It concludes by forecasting about the future of smart clothes which seems to be promising in the midst of internet technology. Introduction Clothes are worn for different purposes; the main purpose behind the introduction of cloths was to protect the body from harmful rays of the sun. They are also worn to prevent private parts from being exposed to everyone. There are many different types of clothing worn for different purposes. Some are worn occasional while others form part of the daily life. The type of clothes worn differ according to seasons of the year, for instance during winter, people wear heavy clothing to keep themselves warm whereas during summer people wear light cloths to help their bodies cool. We are used to three types of attire; Business casual, Professional Dress, and campus casual. Business Casual is not common in a professional business or an office setting but can be found in a semi-conservative workplace. Professional dress code is the most conservative type of business wear. It is common in finance office, accounting office or other conservative business environments. Sometimes employees are forced to wear professional because of the conservative employers who have hired them (Heathfield 1). Campus casual refer to the clothing that one puts on during his/her leisure time. It comprise of jeans, sneakers, tee shirts among others. Campus casual can be worn under certain circumstances in the work place for example in casual networking events. With advancement in technology, a new fashion has emerged that is neither used because of the occasional nor can it be grouped into a specific type of dressings. This new fashion is referred to as “smart clothes”. They are cloths embodied with electronics and different sensors for protection purposes. This paper will look at the history of smart clothes, look at some of the functions of smart clothes with more emphasis on the medical field, and conclude by giving a thought on the future possibilities of this new fashion. History of Smart Clothes Art that is considered as something worn on the body has had an elusive reputation for a long period of time. Furthermore, works that are wearable contribute to an unk
The innovative technologies dominate in the modern world. More and more people become occupied by the computers and the Internet. It is obvious that the effect of the intrusion of the computers in the everyday life is great. Comparing and contrasting the life of people before and after the spread of the computer technologies, it becomes obvious that more and more people become occupied by the computers and the opportunities they offer and cannot imagine their lives without them. Computer revolution has a lot of specific advantages which have made life of simple people easier and the professional implementation more effective, however, the computer technologies have brought some particular disadvantages which effect the life of simple people. Therefore, the main idea 9of this paper is to discuss the positive and negative causes and effect of the computer revolution in the modern world. The computer revolution has brought the Internet to the modern world. Many people cannot imagine their lives without the Internet, the mobile phones, Wi-Fi and other priorities. These and many other aspects are going to be discussed in this paper with the stress on the effect of the development of different things. Starting the discussion with the positive effect of the issue, it should be stated that the implementation of the computer technologies in the modern world has lead to the fact that most of the processes became automatic. This has relieved many people from performing dangerous tasks. Most of the manufacturing processes are automated and the computer and other innovative technologies are used to monitor the processes and their correct implementation (Card and DiNardo 750). Therefore, the use of computers at the manufacturing helped people get rid of the dangerous work and become more professionally useful in other sph
The role of culture in sale of products into new markets cannot be ignored. Many companies have failed to successfully position within new markets, not because their products are unwanted but because they ignored the respective culture in their marketing initiative (Neal, Celeste, & Mark, 2004). Wal-Mart, presumably the largest corporation in the world, has not been spared either. The company’s success has mainly been attributed to its ability to sell goods at reduced costs as well as its “ten foot attitude” approach aimed at creating a friendly environment to its clients (Reid, 2001). The principle requires that every sales person who comes ten feet closer to a client must look at the client in the eye, greet him/her and inquire if he/she requires any assistance (Finney, 2009). Despite recording great milestones in the United States, this approach ahs been subjected to various challenges in other nations across the globe (Vance & Roy, 2009). Their inability to study and adopted to new cultures across the globe has inhibited their spread to newer markets as is the case in Germany and South Korea (Finney, 2009). However; they are not the only victims to failure to adapt to local culture, Pepsi has also been a victim. The growth and expansion of the Asian market saw many multinationals train their resources to the region. According to a Wall Street article, china offered a rich ground for business ventures more so considering its large population (Fowler, 2008). Pepsi, like other corporations focused on claiming a portion of the country’s market share. The company invested heavily on advertisements. Intent on sidelining the long term rivals coca cola; the company began an aggressive campaign to sensitize the public on its product. They signed exclusive advertisement contracts with local advertisement agencies, building large ads on subway platforms and other areas of public interest. An important factor they failed to take into consideration was that this was China and not America. Perhaps the people there just didn’t pay much attention to billboards and what they have to say. However, Chinese soft drink manufacturers new the culture and focused their efforts on activities of interest to the Chinese including martial arts. As Fowler puts it, “Marketers eager to claim a share of Chinese burgeoning market are grappling with the reality of a nation whose citizens have no prior experience or patience for the large institutionalized advertisement undertaken by multinational firms (Fowler, 2008).” Despite the belief by these firms that the Chinese market was large and in the deed of big sift drink manufacture, its entry ignored a major factor which is the link to the cultural practices of the Chinese people (Fowler, 2008). The case highlights the fact that Pepsi ought not to have been so eager to enter the Chinese without a prior understanding of the needs and possible responses of the Chinese people. The general fact here is that, for Pepsi to be succe
Improving Resource Allocation Efficiency in Health Care Delivery Systems In their article, Alkaabi, Halim, and Mahmoud (2006) suggest a new strategy for improving resource management and efficiency of the heath care institutions. The core idea of this strategy is to keep the stakeholders involved in the model development and implementation. Therefore, instead of the objectives identified in advance, the modeling process should be governed by the stakeholders’ views and suggestions. Additionally, the strategy provides various techniques for evaluating the performance, which helps to identify the most and the least useful activities and tactics. The approach suggested in the article has already been tested in one of the emergency departments in Abu Dhabi. The implementation resulted in the rise of efficiency, more reasonable use of both material and human resources, and improved patient outcomes, particularly the decreased duration of patients’ stay. Measuring technical and scale efficiency of public hospitals in the UAE using the DEA method: A pilot study Although a lot of costs are spent to provide the health care to the citizens in the United Arab Emirates, not all of them are spent efficiently, since not all of the health care institutions in the country are efficient. Despite the evidence of this fact, not many studies have been made in this field. In their article, Djerdjouri, Mehailia, and Rampal (2013) told how they managed to calculate the technical efficiency of the UAE hospitals in the terms of mathematical modeling method, called the DEA. 18 different hospitals have been chosen for a sample. As a result, the authors reveal that approximately 45% of the hospitals are inefficient. Additionally, the article includes the technical efficiency levels and the suggestions regarding possible input changes, which can lead to particular output improvements. Frontier efficiency of hospitals in United Arab Emirates: An application of data envelopment analysis The article describes a study by Mahate and Hamidi (2015) aimed to examine the technical efficiency of hospitals in the UAE. Efficiency has been estimated using techniques of the Data Envelopment Analysis and BCC and CCR models. As an input data, the researchers used the number of doctors, nurses, administrative staff, and so on; as an output data, they examined the number of patients, the duration of patients’ stay, etc. The study shows that there is no difference in efficiency between private and public health care instructions. Additionally, this value does not depend on the territorial factor – it is nearly the same in all of the Emirates. However, the average technical efficiency value reveals that approximately 41% (according to BCC model) to 52% (according to CCR model) of the resources are located improperly. The solution to
Karim Amir is the protagonist of Hanif Kureishi’s The Buddha of Suburbia, and all the situations and characters of the story are presented from Karim’s perspective. Hanif Kureishi discusses a lot of significant social issues in his novel such as racism and interactions with the representatives of different social classes with references to the characters’ attitude to these questions and with depicting their inner struggles and searches for the personal, cultural, and social identity and belonging. From this point, the problem of Karim’s identity is one of the most controversial aspects of the novel. Karim Amir was brought up in the family of the Indian immigrant Haroon, and his mother Margaret was the English according to her origins. Thus, growing in the atmosphere of the British suburbs near London, Karim always experienced the difficulties with identifying himself because his vision of his culture and identity was opposed to the visions of the people who surrounded him. Karim’s search for his personal and cultural identity and his inner conflict The problem of Karim’s identity is introduced at the first pages of the novel when the young boy describes himself. Thus, Karim states, “I am an Englishman born and bred, almost. I am often considered to be a funny kind of Englishman, a new breed as it were, having emerged from two old histories” 1 . The readers are inclined to pay attention to the word ‘almost’ and to the character’s emergence from two ethnicities. This statement accentuates the fact that Karim predominantly considers himself as the Englishman, but the peculiarities of his origin do not allow determining his ethnical and cultural identity strictly. He is not just the Englishman, but ‘a funny kind of Englishman’. This position of Karim in relation to his identity is influenced by the peculiarities of his origins and by the public’s attitude to the representatives of the ethnicities which are different from the English one. In spite of the fact the author draws the readers’ attention to the fact of Karim’s ironical position according to his ethnicity a
The newspaper article studied for this week highlighted recent questions about the relationship between COVID-19 coronavirus infection and the mental well-being of Americans in the LGBTQ+ community. Specifically, the article from Miller showed that during quarantine restrictions, many of the community members between the ages of 13 and 24 were severely stressed (1). This was due to both the need to spend time at home with their relatives — not all of whom accepted the respondent’s identity — and the inability to meet with psychological counselors. In fact, the newspaper article is replete with descriptive statistics and is essentially a summary of an earlier research survey. More specifically, the text repeatedly uses the percent model to describe specific categories from the number of respondents. For example, more than 80% of the 35,000 thousand LGBTQ+ respondents said their lives had become more stressful under COVID-19. More than 48% indicated an inability to obtain psychological counseling services during this period despite the patient’s wishes. Using percent statistics did not end there, with 40% of respondents saying they had lost their jobs and about 30% having trouble buying food. Finally, about 42% of LGBTQ+ participants specified that they had seriously considered suicide in the past year, with five times the percentage of people discriminated agains