ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791) is one of the most famous classical composers of all time. Mozart has generated approximately 600 compositions, ranging from simple piano pieces to intricate symphonies. The music of Mozart is often compared to another classical music composer, Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809) because both composers were influential enough to send an impact on the state of music composition during that century. At the period of time, the musical styles were generally of the Baroque period and the influence of Mozart’s compositions thus generated a whole new style which we now refer to as classical (Rosen 15). The most popular works of Mozart are the chamber music compositions, such as pieces customized for a quartet of string instruments, or a quintet of string instruments. Another similarly popular genre of musical compositions that Mozart created is the piano sonata and of which he can be singly identified as the creator of such musical format. Mozart was very talented that he was able to create entirely different categories of classical music. The solo concerto was also made popular by Mozart’s compositions. On the other extreme, Mozart also wrote a number of musical pieces that were designed to cater to religious purposes such as chants and masses. Another genre to which Mozart was also prolific in his compositions was the serenades and dances. Mozart and his music are strongly associated with the classical era because it presents clarity in the workmanship of his compositions. In addition, his compositions also featured balance in his harmony and tempo. There was also transparency in Mozart’s work, reflecting simple tones and emotions that are simply understood by any listener. Among Mozart’s works, the Piano Concerto No. 24 in C minor has been given extensive and worldwide acclaim, mostly due to its fine composition and musicality. Another famous work is Symphony No. 40 in G minor which is commonly included in concerts around the world. Music analysts have described that Mozart had the capability of emanating sensuality in his composition, as well as violence, should he feel the need to include such emotion. Another hallmark of Mozart’s music is the feeling of pain and suffering, through his use of the violin running through notes that sound melancholy to the listener. His compositions often include a single violin playing amidst the soft background music of the rest of the instruments of the orchestra, resulting in a feeling of sadness and affliction. On the other hand, Mozart was also capable of including portions of shocking tunes in certain musical compositions. Such aim of inflicting a feeling of sensuality was very easy for Mozart because he simply employs explosive sounds and notes in the compositions. It has been determined that Mozart had an inherent talent for playing a string of tunes as soon as he has heard it. In addition, his exposure to different places during his numerous travels has enhanced his creativity in composing his own type of music. It has been documented that when Mozart was in his younger years, he had the opportunity to meet the composer Johan
Figure 1. Megan Inman (Knowsley College, 2008) Figure 2. Alison Roberts (Knowsley College, 2008) Figure 3. Andrew and David Houghton (Knowsley College, 2008) Figure 4. Samantha Hargrove (Knowsley College, 2008) Figure 5. Ryan Rossiter (Knowsley College, 2008) These students of Community College succeeded in different fields of participation and were able to represent their College on a high level within similar educational establishments. Much of it is owed to the activities which a college suggests for students. Moreover, as Cohen & Brawer (2002) admit “Colleges can control the types of students they attract by expanding or contracting off-campus classes and enforcing student probation and suspension procedures more or less stringently” (Cohen & Brower, 2002, p. 71). Achievements in Sciences, music, sport and social awards within colleges are the result of policy maintained in Community Colleges during two years of education. Students are allowed to choose the activity which is concerned with proper skills or interests. It works in practice, as it is seen on the examples of above mentioned students. Arthur Cohen (2005) outlines the use of Community Colleges in their support for the employment of graduates or making continuation of studying possible on the upper levels of education, gaining bachelor degree, for example. Thus, comparing above mentioned profiles on cannot but agree that these students were rightly directed by tutors, in order to evaluate the advantages of every student. Successfulness of these representatives of Community College does not mean that the rest of students are not capable in some activities at all. In fact, these examples illustrate that the picture of today’s educational standards and priorities tend to estimate students by their credibility in making something better than others do. This provides a spirit of competitiveness, in fact. It is a great perspective for further employment and obtaining job positions with relatively high salaries. Thus, Cohen (2005) admits that in “the Wisconsin Technical College System (2005) reports that 92% of its graduates are employed within 6 months at a median salary of $27,038” (52). It is amazing looking at the proved results of contemporary realities, notwithstanding the facts of the economic crisis and its effects on the world economy and on education as well. Arthur Cohen did many things for the improvement of the American Community College. This professor tried to grasp the requirements of time and human manners at the moment. As Ignash & Palmer (2007) outline: “During Arthur Cohen’s long tenure at UCLA, he built a body of empirical research, including longitudinal studies, that few faculty produce” (166). That is why looking at the examples of those advantages which Community Colleges give to the students; one can make a conclusion about great importance of such educational establishments in determination of students’ capabilities for further developme
Introduction Globalization is a very contentious subject all over the world, starting from the definition of its impact on the economy. Alan Rugman defines globalization as a process through which the world is unified into one society and function 1 . Globalization is multifaceted since it is a mixture of economic, technological, social, cultural, and political aspects. Globalization is enhanced through economic integration (both regional and international) 2 . Globalization is a contentious subject since different people understand it in different ways. For instance, those who oppose it believe that globalization is a major threat to the world. They argue that globalization increases the dominance of multinational corporations, erodes local cultures, and threatens the global environment. However, the proponents believe that free movement of goods and people between nations enhances economic growth and development 3 . Due to increased demand and international trading systems in the modern world where international trade is no longer a treat but a necessity, regional integration is very important. Regional integration has become a necessity for the survival of many economies around the globe. This can be observed in the Middles East and Asian Pacific, where a considerable number of regional plans are in progress. Regional integration, as a significant policy to increase competitiveness, adds a new dimension to the existing business environment. Most countries in the Middle East and Asian pacific are members of more than one regional organization, and therefore, it important for businesses in these countries to understand the rationale behind such integrations. This enables them to effectively take part in the integration process to promote and defend their interests. The underlying principle behind regional blocks in the Gulf region is the widening of the market for local goods and increased competition among companies 4 . Besides competition and market expansion, globalization and regional integration have affected diffusion of technology, macroeconomic policies, and product quality and quantity, among others. An overview of the Petrochemical Cluster in UAE Oil and gas still remain the backbone of the UAE economy. Abu Dhabi alone boosts about 7.5 percent and 3 percent of the global reserve in oil and gas, respectively. However, the petrochemical industry is still at the infancy stage. Borouge, which is the leading petrochemical company in Abu Dhabi, is only ten years of age, unlike the oil and gas industry, which have been in existence for more than four decades 5 . In 2006, the Abu Dhabi government initiated a number of reforms in the oil and gas sector. These reforms led to the approval of the Abu Dhabi policy and endorsement of Abu Dhabi Vision 2030. The two policy documents aimed at creating a stable, diversified, and sustainable economy. This was to minimize over-reliance in oil
Introduction The media has emerged as one of the most powerful forces in modern day due to the huge influence it has over the society. It is able to affect people since the reports it provides inform individuals and help them to gain new perceptions on issues going on around them. A person’s opinion on various issues is coloured by the media since it provides the “backdrop against which we make sense of new conditions and information” (Gentz & Kramer 2006, p.32). Journalists, who are the professionals charged with collecting information and reporting it to the public, are an integral part of the media. They act as societal “watchdogs”; always looking for newsworthy material and publicly critiquing any action that runs contrary to the ideals of the society. By doing this, they are able to accurately reflect the mood of the society and promote worthy causes for the betterment of the society. However, the last 2 decades have witnessed a significant shift in the manner in which journalists carry out their work. Over this period, journalism has become market driven with reports tending to be structured in such a manner as to appeal to the public often at the expense of the integrity that characterised traditional journalism. Franklin (2005) refers to this trend as McJournalism which is the emergence of a “highly standardised, packaged journalism” (p.2). In the United Arab Emirates, the government has a tight leash on the media which means that journalists cannot report as liberally as their western counterparts. This paper will set out to argue that while McJournalism in the UAE is still low, it is taking hold and might be expected to rise significantly in the near future. The paper will review the reasons behind the low level of McJournalism at present and provide an analysis of how McJournalism is taking a hold in the UAE with relevant examples to reinforce this. Reasons for Low Levels of McJournalism As it currently stands, journalists in the UAE are discouraged from reporting on matters that may be too controversial. The media law which was promulgated by the National Media Council contains sections which impose fines on journalists who disseminated information that can be deemed to “disingenuous” on the country’s’ economy or any information that could tarnish the image of the UAE (Ibrahim Al-Abed et al. 2006). Journalists stand at the risk of being fined up to AED 500,000 for violating this clause and an even more outrageous penalty of 5 million is to be imposed on journalists who report on matters that are reproachful to a royal family member of officials of the UAE government. Under such stringent conditions, journalists are unlikely to resort to the sensational reporting that characterises McJournalism. An important dimension to McDonalization is control which involves being in command of both workers and the consumers in the industry. Franklin (2005) states that control has led to the isolation of journalism making them individuals rather than team workers and they therefore have to produce news that the market will want to read
The case of Fisher vs. Texas Affirmative Action was used as a defense in a race matter. Affirmative Action was created in order to make sure that certain populations or groups of people of specific race are not outnumbered by the predominant people. It came into existence in order to battle discrimination that was developing in the last decades. It also includes gender and allows for specific criteria to be used when selecting people for employment or other reasons. Initially, supreme courts were defending places that implemented such policies due to the fact that there was a group that would negatively interact with the minority at a specific location. This led to many cases that were won according to the procedures. Fisher vs. Texas has established case law through another matter—Grutter v. Bollinger, which was of the same scope. As a result, a Caucasian woman was rejected to enroll in University of Texas according to her race. This was thought to be a positive influence on the local community, but she decided to file an appeal. It is crucial to note that as soon as the Affirmative Action policy was implemented, it raised some debate with regard to its ethics and morals. This criticism is far reaching, as all the cases were handled with due process and fairness of the law. From one point it is difficult to see how any segregation can be a positive thing. Not allowing any group to de admitted, even if there is a greater number of people of any race, is still discrimination. [1] This case is important because it has historical significance in relation to other similar cases, especially amongst teaching institutions. People should not be denied education in case they are different from the desired group. Also, it is close to impossible to establish if there are any benefits is segregating certain underrepresented groups within a community. There are various constitutional issues that are connected to this legislation. These arguments focus on the consistency of the legislation with the constitution. This policy needs to be amended because it violates the rights of people. The criteria for deciding whether the policy should be adjusted are to be established, so that the evaluation for probability of representation is conducted in tandem with the court hearing. The court should apply the law to those areas where discrimination is harming people and preventing them from getting into a community. At the same time, the circumstances of the case play an important role, as even sometimes there could be factors that might turn out to be negative. For example, if the woman would be harassed because of the particular environment she was getting herself in, it could be wiser to acknowledge the possibility that it will happen. As long as she received the proper knowledge about the situation and gets a chance to decide for herself, then it would be appropriate. Overall, the system should consider the reasons and the existing consequences. The Affirmative Action policy works only for special cases. Its weaknesses outweigh the perceived benefits. The initiation of this policy reflects a fau
Introduction The marketing concept is the criteria that firms and organizations use to meet the needs of their clients in the most conducive manner. A successful marketing concept is based on the philosophy that is tailored in a manner to satisfy the needs of the customer as prerequisite of their profits gains. Many organizations are more interested in acquiring huge profits at the expense of customer satisfaction. However, HP Company has resorted to ensuring that it meets the needs of their clients through production of products aimed at the customers’ satisfactions. Apart from merely producing customers’ specification, the organization has hi-tech systems, which ensure the ordered computers are produced promptly to avoid delays. In addition, the organization has also streamlined its delivery mechanism to ensure clients do not wait for their products for long before delivery. This report evaluates the HP marketing concept in terms of how it has helped the organization to wedge out its fierce competitors. HP marketing Concept The Hewlett Packard Company (HP) has often strategically reevaluated its marketing concept to provide the best customer satisfaction compared to its competitors such as Dell and Toshiba. Barton (2007) illustrates that the organization’s resolve to focus its operations on the customers is guided by believe in the power of strong brands. The strong brand is build by developing strong customer relations. The initiative has paid off positively as the organization has reduced its cost by over ten per cent. Additionally, the organization has endeavored to use consumers as a channel to reach small business projects. The existence of a strong customer linkage has helped the organization only to produce what is required by its customers, hence reducing piling up cash through over productions. HP’s marketing concept has been based on setting realistic goals, which are attainable within the specified period. On the other hand, the entire marketing concept is supported by a strong system that conveys timely information and feedback from both the customers and the organization. The HP strategy to engage clients in all its operations is a clear demonstration of an effective marketing concept. According to McDaniel and Gates (1998, p. 3) an efficient system is the one that is founded on three foundations, which are consumer orientation, goal orientation and system orientation. Similar sentiments were echoed by Kotler, et al (2001, p. 488), who argued that a company’s products are worthless without consumers to purchase them. Based by the above analysis, it is evident that HP as an organization has designed a marketing approach that meets all the essentials of a good marketing concept. On its part, HP as an organization has earnestly striven to meet the demands of their clients in the best way possible. In addition, the organization has repeatedly carried out intensive research opera
Hurricanes are one of the most fearsome natural disasters, which can bring many problems. Harvey started in the middle of August 2017 as a weak typhoon in the Gulf of Mexico, beginning from a tropical wave off the west bank of Africa. After Hurricane Harvey hit the Windward Islands, it debilitated into a tropical wave (Dunning, 2020). Tropical Depression Harvey developed into a Category 1 typhoon with 80-mph winds and kept on acquiring strength as it stirred toward Texas. At the point when Hurricane Harvey made landfall in Texas as a Category 4 typhoon, it turned into the nation’s first major tropical storm since Wilma hit Florida and the principal serious storm to strike southern Texas in over 40 years (Dunning, 2020). Harvey positions as the second-most expensive tropical storm to hit the U.S. terrain since 1900, causing about a $125 billion loss. The hurricane is liable for 68 deaths, the biggest number of direct deaths from this category of natural disaster in Texas since the beginning of the 20th century (Dunning, 2020). It unloaded in excess of 27 trillion gallons of rain over Texas, causing one of the largest floods in the history of the region (Dunning, 2020). The amount of this precipitation caused cataclysmic waste issues and made streams rise significantly. Since numerous occupants lived outside the flood plain, many victims had no insurance. Numerous families are still attempting to recover financially and reconstruct their homes, contingent upon any governmental and neighborhood assistance. Harvey’s effect spread over the country as gas costs plummeted. The disaster constrained almost 30% of oil and gas production, influencing 5% of cross-country yield (Dunning, 2020). Roughly one month after the hurricane event, refinement facility movement has been continuously recovering. Reference Dunning, K. H. (2020). Building resilience to natural hazards through coastal governance: A case study of Hurricane Harvey recovery in Gulf of Mexico communities. Ecological Economics, 176 , 1-12.
The relations between people are always under hot discussions of many people, theorists, and even students. People present various approaches to the same situations and meanings, talk to each other in absolutely different ways, and influence the events considerably. There are several theories, which concentrate people’s attention to the movements in relations, which happen between people. In this paper, the social penetration theory and relational dialectics theory will be analyzed and examined from the point of how they were used in the movie by Thomas McCarthy The Station Agent . The idea of the valance is considered to be inherent to both of the above-mentioned theories, however, the same idea underlines the major difference of these theories – the necessity to figure out every detail about a person. In social penetration theory, this point is obligatory, and relational dialectics does not require such investigation at all. The Station Agent is a wonderful example that helps to clear up the essence of social penetration theory and relational dialectics, differentiate them in accordance with the major principles, decide which theory is more effective, and how these two theories may be helpful to those people, who are going to improve own lives. Social Penetration Theory vs. Relational Dialectics Theory Baxter and Montgomery (2006) define social life as a dynamic unity of numerous contradictions, which help to underline the quality of relationships, the necessity of dialogues, and the idea of disparate voices. Such an approach may be regarded as a helpful one because it also defines the essence of relational dialectics theory that is characterized by “ongoing tensions between contradictory impulses” (Pecchioni et al., 2005, p. 103). Social penetration theory is connected to the movements of superficial self-disclosure to intimate self-disclosure (Littlejohn & Foss 2009). In other words, Altman and Taylor (2006) underline that this theory investigates how exactly various communication patterns may influence the changes in human relationships. The Station Agent is the story about three different people with different destinies and troubles, who have to meet together at one and the same station in order to solve their problems, improve their own lives and their attitudes to this world by means of communication and to work on own contradictions. These two theories are both illustrated in the relations of three different people. From the very beginning of the story, the characters serve as good examples of the social penetration theory: they are not eager to communicate and try to solve their own problems separately. However, time is the means that unites them, and the ideas of the relational dialectics theory become closer and even more appropriate to them. In the movie The Station Agent , relational dialectics is based on the issue that these three characters contradict to each other from the very beginning: a 4 foot 5 man, Fin, who is eager to live according to only own principles and is searching for the place to be left alone; Olivia, a woman, who is still struggling because of her divorce, and