ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction TV shows have a great impact on people’s lives. Whether one watches TV or prefers to view the episodes online, one thing is certain – there are stories loved by the viewers so much that they, in fact, have a strong impact on people’s perceptions of real-life situations. One of the kinds of melodramatic TV programs is medical shows. There are many opposing views regarding the impact made by medical melodramas. Some people find them purely entertaining and exaggerated while others believe that some interesting lessons can be taken from medical TV shows. The current paper will investigate the power of medical melodrama and its influence on viewers and nursing students in particular. It seems fair that the educational power of medical melodramas is underestimated, and this paper will demonstrate the teaching and learning advantages of this type of TV show. Causes and Consequences of Watching Medical Melodramas Before analyzing the impact of medical melodramas on nursing students, it is necessary to identify the reasons why people watch this kind of TV shows and what they are searching for in them. Research results indicate that the initial cause for watching medical dramas is not to look for health information (Lee and Taylor 13). However, the motive of gaining health knowledge through viewing medical TV shows is rather high (Lee and Taylor 14). As Lee and Taylor mention in their research, people anticipate finding answers to their questions related to various health issues with the help of these shows (14). Also, the demonstration of various conditions in medical dramas has the power to alter the viewers’ perception of illnesses and may impact their attitude towards health (Lee and Taylor 14). The following motives for watching medical melodramas are identified: information seeking, social communication, entertainment, regular pastime, and relaxation (Lee and Taylor 19). What concerns medical students, they do not only look for health information but also like to guess the diagnoses in the episodes of medical dramas. Therefore, the reason for searching for information is closely connected with the reason for entertainment (Lee and Taylor 19). Health data orientation is most strongly associated with health data motives. People whose health data orientation is high tend to search health data persistently, and they may choose medical melodramas to be one of the sources of their search (Lee and Taylor 19).
Genuine freewill according to Susan Wolf consists of actions that are in accordance with reason. It should be done with full knowledge of what is true and good. She argues that we are free when we do right things and not free when we do wrong things since in doing bad things, we will only be slaves to our passions and desires. In the Asymmetry of the Reason view, Wolf argues that responsibility depends on the aptitude to operate and act in agreement with the true and good. If an individual is psychologically resolute on doing the right things for the right reasons, then he/she is attuned to having the obligatory ability. In most cases, if one is considered to have the attainment of aspects that are not on the right perspective, in this case, he or she can be termed as one who is in denial of what his or her abilities entail. This can be attributed that whatever one does and there is no logic in it therefore the other alternative will definitely not be right. The implication is that he/she lacks the ability to act in harmony with the true and good. In many cases, there are only these two cases but an individual has only one chance of having the best alternative. Wolf clearly portrays how they entail the urge in the attainment of liberty since this can be termed as the only alternative. She attributes the concept that all individuals are away from bondage and are able to clearly compare relevant aspects to their values but not on the desired aspects. In this case therefore we are free only if our actions are guided by societal values and norms and not our personal desires She argues that human beings show evidence of moral behavior in their reactive attitudes towards the behavior of other people when they put across blame or praise for their actions. This also happens when they feel guilty and proud because of their own actions. For Wolf, this is enough substantiation to ascertain the presence of moral responsibility in human beings. In the real focus, for a person to be reputed as one who is aware of his or her immediate environment, the aspect of judgment and factors that focus on legitimacy ought to be well pondered so as to bring the true refl; section of the person. The stance includes bitterness and appreciation, disgrace and arrogance, hatred and admiration. The variety of rulings includes the rulings which attribute a person as being creditable of hatred that when clearly ponder upon the person in question need s to be proud of the situation or hate it. The practices that are entailed in this aspect include those that lean, especially on the negativity of what has been performed. Wolf says that the most important prerequisite for responsibility is decisive control. In toting up to the requirement that an individual has control over his/her behavior and the obligation that he/she has control along the correct lines, there is a necessity that his/her control be ultimate. The control has to b
The short story entitled Sony’s Blues is discussing the secrets of family and community, as well as gives insight into family’s and community’s inability to communicate. The story involves family members: the narrator, who is the older brother of Sonny – a young man who learned communication through music and now strives to become a musician. His desire is supported by adoration of this music style, as blues is a combination of lyrics of social and personal significance mixed with great music. The older brother who had managed to make something of himself is narrating the story of his brother Sonny, who has become a heroin addict and is leading a rebellious life. It is clear that the narrator disapproves the way chosen by his younger brother.. “I didn’t like the way he carried himself, loose and dreamlike all the time…and I didn’t like his friends, and his music seemed to be merely an excuse for the life he led. It just sounded weird and disordered” (126). Narrator’s negative attitude becomes even clearer when he says: “So I got mad and then he got mad, and then I told him that he might as well be dead as live the way he was living” (126). However this spiteful attitude is not 100% accurate, as while Sony is in prison, the narrator ponders of his responsibility to watch over his brother. After Sonny is released, his brother welcomes him home, and they make peace. In the final scene Sonny is performing in a jazz club, and at this point his brother comes to understand his passion for blues, and how it helps Sonny overcome life’s difficulties. As the band starts playing “hit that” the older brother realizes that “the only light we’ve got in all this darkness” (139), and it becomes clear that music has become a new substitution for heroin, that shall grant him full freedom. “Greasy Lake” is a short story narrated by an adolescent who considers that he and his friends are “bad characters”, however later in the story they discover that “bad” is not near what they thought it was, and living a perilous lifestyle is not their ballgame. Although they were trying to be bad, acting rebelliously, they forgot that they were not bad at heart. “If he is truly bad, he would not care his Mother’s car is damaged, and no car arriving would have stopped the rape” (115). Although the characters are described as dangerous, one of them is “allowing his father to pay the tuition” (111), another wants to become a painter, and the protagonist drives his mother’s old car. These 19 year old kids are not from the slums, and are not tough guys with their own interpretation of life. They are simply teens who rebel against anything just because they want to look cool, acting and pretending that th
Introduction Edvard Munch was a painter who is considered among the most influential individuals in the development of expressionism in art. His art bears a distinctive imprint of psychological anguish and often resorts to the controversial themes related to sexuality, illness, and the origins of the supernatural. Partially traced back to certain details of his biography, these elements of Munch’s art paved the way for German expressionism and surrealism. Inspirations from Personal Life During his early years, Munch frequently witnessed severe illnesses and life-threatening conditions. In at least two cases, this resulted in the deaths of the embers of his family – his mother and sister (“Edvard Munch”). The perpetual anxiety and pressing threat of tragic events was enhanced by the interpretation offered by his father, who considered both deaths an act of divine punishment. The combined effect of these factors can be detected in the majority of the artist’s works that often depict suffering and anxiety caused by the vulnerability. Another important influence on the artist’s life that is reflected in his artwork is his views on human sexuality. Munch was interested in finding freedom from the social conformity and considered sex one of the elements that contribute to the emotional and social liberation of the individual. It must also be acknowledged that the beginning of the twentieth century is regarded as a turning point in the paradigm of human sexuality and its connection to psychology. This paradigm shift inevitably found its way into the art domain and was definitely among the factors that shaped Munch’s perception of sexual experience as a manifestation of subliminal psychological effects. Finally, it must be acknowledged that the works from the later period of his career are noticeably more cheerf
Background of the Case Sony had become the leader in producing radios for consumers by 1950. It later expanded to other home entertainment devices like televisions. The company’s long history of innovativeness resulted in brands like Trinitron, Betamax and Walkman. However, due to the company’s policy on protection of intellectual property rights, the reluctance to license its technology to competitors, it lost its market share to inferior technologies. Competitors like JVC were able to win more customers with their VHS video tape that had poorer quality with longer recording time which apparently, the customers preferred. On the other hand, Sony stuck to Betamax, which provided higher definition video but with a shorter recording time. In the 1980s and early 1990s, Sony entered into the video gaming market as a supplier of components to the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) home console. Then, it launched the PlayStation console in 1995 when Nintendo failed to introduce technologies with better gaming experiences. The PlayStation console offered developers incentives like higher margins and advanced development tools. Sony developed partnership with more than 160 software-developing companies in Japan. By 2005, the PlayStation had become the most popular console with unit sales exceeding a million and about 7,000 game products. In 2000, Sony launched the famous PlayStation 2 (PS2), which was accompanied by a similarly popular hand held PlayStation Portable (PSP) in 2003, even though PSP was not as successful as previous Sony’s home consoles. In early 2005, the company introduced the popular PlayStation 3 with a processing power two times powerful than that of Microsoft’s Xbox 360, the most significant rival at the time. Problem/Issue Despite being a giant in the gaming industry, Sony failed to consider a number of important factors, which gave Xbox a major boost and competitive advantage. For instance, the company failed to focus on the priorities of the consumers. It failed to realize that what mattered most to the gamers was nothing but the game itself. This meant that having an inferior library was a major disadvantage to the company. The price tag of the PS3 also contributed to the low sales, especially when competitors like Xbox and Nintendo developed products worth almost less than half of the value for Sony’s product. The amount of effort made during advertisement of PS3 did not match the content of the console. Due to this factor, the customers were very disappointed, which attracted negative publicity. Situation Analysis Sony’s major competitors like Microsoft and Nintendo were able to meet the needs of the consumers (the players) by learning their preferences. In addition, they were able to supply their products in line with the prevailing market demand. By doing this, they successfully satisfied real game players who could not be convinced to wait a few months for another product to be launched. One of the keys to success in the gaming industry is having a library of gaming titles to be offered
Overview The market for soft drinks in the country is competitive and is mainly made up of two manufacturing systems, one being the flavoring and concentrate companies while the other is the soft drink manufacturing companies. The industry is majorly dependent on the syrup produce, with analysts observing that it is the driver of several downstream operations. The companies operating in the industry tend to follow a similar product life cycle that starts with a syrup producer then moving on to bottling before developing to distributors of products. The company finally grows to manufacture the product in large-scale, something that characterizes a merchant. Finally, the organization turns out to be a consumer of manufactured goods. Regarding geographical location, many soft drink companies are found near the source of raw materials and the market meaning that they are situated in densely populated locations. Several distribution channels are followed when supplying the products to the consumer. Recently, the industry is facing several challenges due to the slumping economy, as well as changes in the consumer consumption patterns, as many people are concerned with their health. Regarding the international market, all major companies operating in the industry are focused on the African and Hispanic markets, as they are viewed as the potential markets for growth given the fact that they have a stable consumer base. Another challenge facing the industry is the growing policy debate as regards to taxation of sugar beverages. NAICs Classification The industry name for soft drinks is manufacturing and the code
Understanding an executive summary is a very important aspect of a business environment. This is because investors, donors, shareholders, financial institutions, and other business partners and stakeholders would want to frequently analyze and review the progress of the business. This can only be done well through the use of an executive summary because it gives an overview of the annual report. Going through the whole report may be a bit hectic and hence the need to have the summary. Teachers, also on the other hand need the executive summary study books in class to act as a representation of the annual reports which they will need to teach their students on how to make them. An example is given in the Medtronic 2010 – annual report, showing the business progress report for the year ended April 2008, April 2009, and April 2010 consecutively, reviewing this, one can deduce the following: The total current assets for the most recent annual reporting periods were seven million, four hundred and fifty-two thousand dollars ($7,452,000), and nine million, eight hundred and thirty-nine thousand dollars ($9,839,000). The order of presenting the current assets is that they appear after the expenses and before the liabilities. The totals for the previous financial years are placed beside the current years’ totals for easy computation of the difference. This also helps in evaluating the progress of the business at glance (Medtronic, 2010). The two largest current assets at the end of its two most recent annual periods are cash (including the cash equivalents), and accounts receivable. The cash was: One million, two hundred and seventy-one thousand dollars ($1,271,000), and three million, one hundred and twenty-three thousand dollars ($3,123,000) respectively for the year ended April 2009. The other one was; One million, four hundred thousand dollars ($ 1,400,000) and three million, three hundred and thirty-five thousand dollars ($ 3,335,000) respectively for the year ended April 2010. The total assets for the company were Twenty-eight million, and ninety thousand dollars ($28,090,000), and twenty-three thousand five hundred and eighty-eight thousand dollars, for the two consecutive years (that is 2009 and 2010). With this kind of a summary, it is then very easy for one to have an overview of the company’s or any project’s report in a few minutes. The executive summary study book(s) used in class are therefore a good guide to student
Material Culture Summary: Architexturality: An Argument in Favor of Creative Preservation of the Urban Built Environment This article was written by Michelle Metro-Rolland. It explores how the various levels of historical structures are preserved in the cities that are struggling with rapid development and modernization ( Critical Conservation par. 1). Most cities that have historical structures were analyzed. Moreover, various ways of preserving the structures were identified. The article has been introduced with definition of the term ‘city environment’. Moreover, the importance of history in the development of the cities has been highlighted. The writer identifies the well being in several city landscapes in the United States, Europe, and the Far East. The historical structures offer an in-depth understanding of the political, economical, and social practices of the people who developed the cities (Rypkema 4). The author argues that while the past should be appreciated, it is also vital to embrace modernity. The article identifies available methods that are used in the preservation of urban structures. Several international bodies that enforce international laws and policies are currently available. They mainly target the preservation of historical sites in the cities ( Critical Conservation par. 2). These bodies create awareness on the need of preserving monumental structures located in cities. Some of these organizations include UNESCO, HUL, and ICOMOS. The art of preservation of the monumental structures emerged in the late 19 th century. Currently, several countries have et up laws and policies that are aimed at preserving important historical structures in their respective cities (Rypkema 4). The author managed to identify several chal
Introduction Challenging behavior refers to any action that interferes with an individual and their surroundings. Challenging behavior may present difficulties in the social and educational development of the victim. The difficulties interfere with the student’s acquisition of knowledge while posing a social problem when the incidents are recurrent (Martin, 1975). The objective of this paper is to examine headbanging as challenging behavior, its development, how to support a challenged student, and the involvement of the child’s family. Discussion Self-Injury Behavior Definition Self-injury refers to self-induced actions that cause harm to the doer. Examples Self-injury may include excessive scratching, biting of hands, or banging one’s head on solid objects (De Lissovoy, 1959). Head Banging The research revolves around a headbanging student. The objective is to observe the challenging behavior, find probable causes, and provide support to eradicate the harmful habit. Behavior Development Self-injury may be as a result of social or biological causes. The research sought to examine the physical and social surroundings of a 3rd-grade student because these are useful in determining the possible causes of headbanging behavior. Additionally, the research took into consideration the frequency and severity of the student’s headbanging. Physical Causes The research focused on physical causes rather than the biological/hereditary causes because the observation was the primary source of data. The research identified arousal and frustration as the possible causes of headbanging behavior. Arousal The student often banged his head in times of tension or anxiety to calm himself. The student would bang his head on solid objects before a speech or class representation to reduce the tension. Moreover, the student may bang his head to cope with pain or headaches. Frustration Frustration largely contributes to headbanging. The lack of attention, poor communication, and stressful situations frustrate the student, inducing the headbanging behavior (De Lissovoy, 1959). Strategies Communication The student should have a personal tutor for individualized instruction purposes, improving communication and reducing headbanging. The students should also have a language teacher because they help improve the student’s language, communication difficulties, and self-esteem (Freeman, 1999). Academic The student’s teachers ought to know about the causes of the headbanging and ways to eradicate or manage it. The knowledge allows the teachers to give more attention to the student, red