Introduction Human Rights Watch in 2006 reports, “ the number of mentally ill inmates in U.S. prisons and jails has quadrupled over the past six years ” (Human Rights Watch, 2006). It further adds, “ More than half of all prison and state inmates now report mental health problems, including symptoms of major depression, mania and psychotic disorders ” (Human Rights Watch, 2006). The most distressing part of the report indicates, “ there were an estimated 283,000 prison and jail inmates who suffered from mental health problems. That number is now estimated to be 1.25 million. The rate of reported mental health disorders in the state prison population is five times greater (56.2 percent) than in the general adult population (11 percent) ” (Human Rights Watch, 2006). Thus, the focal point of this paper is to explore the ethical, moral, and legal challenges of Mentally Ill prisoners after they are released. The paper would be based on opinion on the integration of advocacy within the human services field. This would include personal philosophy and individual approach to advocating within a specific agency setting, i.e. Advocates for the Mentally Ill prisoners (Mills, 2003). The argument would be in favor of the ideal that there are enough reasons and benefits for the better funding, better treatments, and for programs after release of the mentally ill prisoners. Background There are multiple reports from the Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, The World Organization Against Torture, and Prison Watch Inter­nationale, Paris that suggest there is a predominant mode of human rights violations within the boundaries of the US prisons and these are mostly triggered by discrimination based on color and creed. There are reports of torturing and abusing mentally ill patient too (Broadhurst, 2003). According to a report from Amnesty International, 1999, “ Even when the USA has ratified human rights treaties, it has often done so only halfheartedly, with major reservations. For example, it has reserved the right to use the death penalty against juveniles, expressly forbidden by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) which the United States ratified in 1992. The United States repeatedly has continued to use international law and intergovernmental systems when they serve U.S. foreign policy interests, but have sometimes discarded or condemned these systems when they are perceived to run counter to its interests .” (Amnesty International, 1998) The text by John Irwin would be helpful in this context. One reason for the eminent criminologist John Irwin to venture this project of writing a 380 page book on US prisons is because those over the last quarter of the century the number of prisons in the US has increased almost ten times. “ The rate of incarceration zoomed from 100 to over 500 per 100,000. As a result of this expansion and the punitive ideology that underpinned it, hundreds of new prisons were built at a cost in the billions of dollars, and completely new prison regimens were introduced. In this book, I examine the causes of this binge, the new forms of imprisonment it produced, and the particular and broader effects it caused .”(Irwin, 2005, 1) The findings was shocking. And all these take place at a time when “ prisoners do not simply comply with the regimens imposed on them. They actively conspire to survive, to reduce their state of dep