ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Barclays bank is a UK-based Multinational Corporation headquartered in London and operates in the financial niche. The universal bank was established in 1860 in London as a goldsmith’s lending business offering people loans and saving options. The bank’s resilience in the corporate domain made it navigate all the challenges, and it still operates to date. Barclays bank remains relevant in the financial industry because it analyses societal trends and changes its operations to suit human needs. At the height of feminism in the 1950s, it became the first bank to appoint a female manager in 1958, Hilda Harding, who served the bank until her superannuation in 1970. The bank has more than 4750 branches located in different parts of the world in 55 countries. However, 1600 of the branches are located in the UK. Barclays bank has thrived in finance because it leverages technology, social listening, and adopting an effective leadership structure. Description of the Organization The bank operates in two distinct divisions for efficiency, Barclays UK and Barclays International, all of which are supported by the Barclays executive Services. The bank’s standard services include wealth management, investment, retail, and commercial banking. The bank boasts of having employed over 83,500 members of staff to ensure the smooth delivery of services to the organisation (Haralayya and Aithal, 2021). Although the business started as a partnership between James Barclays and other goldsmiths, the state of ownership has changed over the year to remain in tandem with the practices and regulations affecting the people. In 1981, it changed its entity and re-registered as a public limited company (Vakhrusheva et al., 2021). The state of ownership allows members of the public to purchase shares. Some of the most significant shareholders in the company include Raymond James, Natixis advisors, and Cambiar Investors LLC. In 2021, the bank generated a total profit of 5.75 billion sterling pounds (Barnes and Newton, 2022). The bank uses strategic management options and cultural competence to thrive in different regions with different cultures. Description of the Organization’s Structure Barclays bank is a British universal bank owned by shareholders. Since it is a limited liability company, the shareholder’s property cannot be sold when the bank fails to pay its debts (Vakhrusheva et al., 2021). The principal shareholders of Barclays Bank include Qatar investment authority, Dodge and cox, BlackRock fund advisors, and the Vanguard Group Inc. The organisational hierarchy is headed by the Barclays execution services (BX), which manages the two main groups, Barclays international and Barclays UK. The CEO further appoints directors to every functional area of the bank to make it work efficiently (Barnes and Newton, 2022). The bank’s primary business model is sales
Introduction This paper provides a discussion on the possibility of introducing a new line of wild turkeys, the associated marketing mix, potential competition, as well as the group of customers to target. Turkeys are consumed in various parts of the world. However, the introduction of a new line of offering wild turkeys in the US will be determined by a number of factors. For example, the market conditions, prevailing prices, availability of enough consumers as well as enough supply of the wild turkeys. As such, to introduce a new line of production of wild turkeys, one would need to establish the target market in terms of consumption of this product, assess the level of competition, as well as available resources to ensure that the venture is successful. In addition, it would be important to set up necessary measures for the venture to succeed such as establishing competitive prices, effective product promotion, and ensuring that the products offered to the customers are of high quality. Such an approach would serve to attract and retain many customers. Marketing Mix of a New Line of Wild Turkey It is important to carry out an analysis of the marketing mix for the purpose of ensuring that all the necessary resources are available to set off the production of wild turkeys. Product The new venture will focus on the provision of wild turkey meat to consumers in the United States of America. Price The pricing strategy plays a significant role in ensuring the competitiveness of a given business when compared to its competitors. The current price of wild turkey weighing about 5-7lbs is about $87.99, while one that weighs between 8-10lbs and 15-20lbs is around $124.99 and $299.99 respectively. 1 In the case of the new line of wild turkeys, the prices ought to be set guided by the optional, as well as bundling approach, as well as with respect to the prevailing market prices. As such, the price will be 5% lower than the competitors’ price to attract more customers. In addition, a variety of offers should be available to entice customers. Place The new line of wild turkey production will be started on a small scale in areas that have a high number of wild turkeys such as Kansas, before moving to other areas upon stabilization. However, considering the high population in the US and the high supply of wild turkey in areas such as Kansas, Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Nebraska, among others, it will be easy for the business to break even within a short time. Promotion The promotion of any products is important for market penetration. As such, promotional activities will be carried through offering kids meals, T-shirts, gift coupons to customers. In addition, adopting LCD displays inside and outside the line’s premise
A credit rating signifies an assessment of the credit risk of a potential debtor (a person, organization, corporation, or government), foretells the capacity to repay debts, and offers an inexplicit prediction of the possibility of defaulting. Credit ratings present a valuation of the ability to pay off debts, encompassing details obtained from debtors and confidential information acquired by agencies’ analysts. Credit scores, with respect to credit rating, present a numerical assessment of creditworthiness, which is carried out by credit bureaus or reporting agencies (Bowe & Larik, 2014). A credit rating may address a company’s monetary tools, for instance, debt securities such as bonds, over and above the organization itself. The most reputable credit rating agency that assigns ratings is Standard & Poor’s. This agency employs letter designations such as A, B, and C, where AAA is the highest rating. A high rating denotes a low possibility of defaulting. Credit ratings are given to a company based on a comprehensive economic assessment, mostly to establish the available revenue to service debts. When a company has adequate resources to cover a huge debt, it is assigned a high rating (Bendig, Strese, & Brettel, 2017). Some of the occurrences that may result in a change in a company’s credit rating encompass the inability to pay off a debt in time and economic decline that influences an organization’s profitability negatively. Dramatic rating variations at times happen in the corporate bond sector; for instance, when a business acquires another that has debts, it may have its rating decreased sharply overnight. Investors often depend on credit ratings to determine the merit of investment in a company’s bonds. To safeguard their investment, most investors avoid purchasing bonds from companies whose credit ratings are low, or at least BBB.
Economic development requires flow of information as part and parcel of the issues that should be advanced. People need to know what happens in other parts of the world so that they may be able to determine whether to invest in these areas or not. Similarly, media is very crucial in ensuring that the citizenry gets to know what their government officials are doing. In this regard, many people have argued that media freedom is very essential in ensuring free and unbiased production of news. However, there has been a long standing disagreement regarding whether media ownership should be limited for the public interest or not (Fenton 61). For several years now, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has been implementing strict rules which are aimed at regulating media ownership. It should be noted that all these has been done to ensure that listeners and readers of news have a choice regarding what they can hear or read (Gillmor 37). The limitations were put in place to ensure that one media group does not own a huge percentage of the media industry such as to have a monopoly in determining what is broadcasted. FCC therefore deemed it right to regulate the percentage of ownership for each individual in the industry. Nevertheless, given the current wave of technological advancement, it is becoming extremely hard to control media ownership. The number of people who have access to internet is increasing each day. Nevertheless, the number in itself is not a problem; the problem is that nowadays all news as well as other issues that were initially a responsibility of television and radio stations are found on the internet. As a result, it is quite impossible to regulate who owns what percentage. Economic freedom is one of the pillars of social development. However, media ownership regulation is a hindrance to freedom of doing business. People have the freedom of choosing what to read or watch. By limit
Classes you never thought would help you in an online business Did you wonder why you had to suffer through most of the courses you took from kindergarten to the completion of your education? Do you remember the sense of joy with which you emptied your locker on the last day of school? Were you one of those kids who abandoned books, papers, pencils, extra clothes, and any recollection of the content of your classes the moment the semester was completed? Did you vow never to crack a book again, once you had your mortarboard? You are not alone. However, there were sound reasons for most if not all of your courses and you may find them remarkably useful when trying to start or grow a small business, even if you missed the memo back in school. Writing, reading, manipulating numbers, all should seem like rather obvious skills for a small independent businessperson. However, understanding statistics, using artistic principles, and grasping the import of current events are just a few of the additional competencies you will need as an entrepreneur. Let’s look at some of the classes that you never imagined would enter your consciousness again after you closed the textbook for the last time. The three Rs: It may seem so boring to hear this again, but everyone needs to know how to read. You need to be able to read analytically and critically. This means being able to summarize what is said, identify and articulate how the writer made their point or achieved their effect, and assess the quality of their arguments. These skills from literature and rhetoric class are the best defense against propaganda or scams, and allow you to identify where a speaker or writer is making an unsupportable assertion, rather than merely feeling uncomfortable with what is being contended without knowing why. Furthermore, you need to be able to persuade and influence others. Don’t you want them to purchase your product or servc9e? If anyone is going to have an impact using words, shouldn’t it be you? Whether mathematics was fun or terrifying to you, you will need it in business. Until you can hire someone to do all your quantitative thinking for you, you will need to be able to do the calculations involved in setting up and managing your enterprise. Figuring taxes involves math, but even deciding whether you owe taxes and how much involves calculating your income minus your expenses. If you took business math, you are ahead of the game. Lies, Damn Lies, And … The complexities of determining how successful you are and how to be more so may require a bit more than just math. You need to understand some basic statistics as well. Perhaps you have heard the humorist Evan Esar’s definition of statistics, “The science of producing unreliable facts from reliable figures. As a businessperson, you need to be able to understand what the data you observe imply. These days, as well, with Big Data as a hot commodity, you need to be able to assess whether a particular statistical measure is worth purchasing. Art: You may have wondered where you would ever use what you learned in History of Art, if you wer
Introduction Communication in contemporary business activity is fundamentally a competitive activity, a rhetorical gamble in which writers and speakers attempt to gain benefit over other forces that challenge their audience’s attention. Of course, there is nothing new about the idea of competition, especially in contemporary studies of business and particularly in discussions of strategy, industry analysis, and marketing. However, this conception has yet to be used much in studies outside of these more customary areas of business. Competition can offer a familiar way of understanding activities that are not in the mainstream of business studies but are nonetheless essential to its flourishing practice. One of these activities is business communication. Main body North Atlantic Treaty Organization and its documentation have been chosen as the main subject of the present report. The three factors of communication held by this organization will be regarded. These are the website, the propaganda brochures, and newsletters or diplomatic lettering. As for the actuality of this work, it is obvious, as NATO’s further extension for the account of Eastern European countries stays the actual issue of the everyday newsreels. The history of this organization is rather interesting. NATO became a result of the Brussels Treaty, signed by the five western European countries: Belgium, Great Britain, Luxemburg, Netherlands, and France. By signing this treaty in 1949, countries created a united system of collective defense and collective security. Then the USA and Canada joined the pact, and the main purpose of the organization became the confrontation with the Eastern Socialistic Block and Warsaw Pact Organization. It became one of the most important actors of the Cold War. Now, after the end of the Cold war, and the dissemination of the Soviet Union and the whole Socialistic Block, NATO has transformed from military to military-political organization. The website of this organization is made with rather a friendly interface and contains all the necessary information for the interested reader. The structure of the web page is rather comfortable for any World Wide Web surfer, as all the necessary links have been collected on the starting page of the
Company’s Background Founded in Germany in 1847 by Johann George Haiske and Werner von Siemens, the company initially was connected with the telegraph and quickly gained momentum due to the growing popularity of such kind of business. Upon Siemens’s discovery of the dynamo-electric principle, the company began branching out to new industries like the production of light bulbs and electric trains. In the course of the twentieth century, Siemens grew exponentially through alliances of its various branches. Furthermore, apart from building the first-ever line of telegraph, Siemens added to its contribution to the first power plant, commercial light, and, most notably, the x-ray. When the twenty-first century came, Siemens was regarded as the globally integrated technology company with offices in almost two hundred countries (Lakhani et al. 1). Business Division The company operated on the decentralized structure, which was made up of the four primary areas such as Industry, Healthcare, Energy, Sites & Infrastructure. Further, these areas were divided into eighteen divisions that were then differentiated into business units. The company regarded each area or unit as “global entrepreneurs”. Despite the fact that Siemens’ decentralized business structure offered an opportunity for entrepreneurship, the challenge was in aligning the entities and targeting their efforts in one direction (Lakhani et al. 3). Innovation, Research, and Development at Siemens Siemens has a longstanding tradition of innovation commercializing in the sphere of creating and manufacturing next-generation products. With the main goal to set market trends, the company engaged in a complex process of innovation that included the generation of ideas, their selection, and, subsequently, development. Open innovation projects were lead by Dr. Thomas Lackner who promoted the principle through various online competitions and innovation communities that invited the talent to work at Siemens; however, this strategy did not coincide with the decentralized division of the company. Furthermore, the process of open innovation was at large re
Many multinational organizations view the world as a single market. This phenomenon is the result of sustained action by forces driving globalization (Armstrong & Kotler, 2011). With technological advancement, reaching consumers in any part of the world is very easy. As a result, “international trade has boomed over the last three decades” (Armstrong & Kotler, 2011, p.481). The internet plays a significant role in this process because it makes web content available to everyone who cares to look. In addition, there is a lot of international culture exchange because of the export of media items, international events beamed on television and the use of marketing methods where the products in question find their way to international markets. This situation has brought up an interesting marketing challenge for multinational companies. On one hand, it is very expensive to customize products and marketing campaigns for each country. Different companies end up, “pursuing different strategies” (Porter, 1991). On the other hand, it is futile to approach the world market as though it is homogenous. To tackle this marketing challenge, multinational companies use either one of two strategies. The first strategy involves developing a single marketing campaign for the whole world, and localizing only the culturally incongruent elements. A good example of a company that pursues this strategy is the Coca cola Company. The second general strategy that multinationals use is the localization of their products and their marketing campaigns to appear as a local company. McDonald’s is a company that pursues this strategy to an appreciable extent. The headquarters of the Coca Cola Company is in Atlanta, Georgia. The Company serves markets literally all over the world, and is a well-known brand. The name of the latest marketing campaign is “Open Happiness”, and it targets all the Coca Cola markets in the world. The reason why the Coca Cola Company finds it easy to use a single advertising campaign for its worldwide marketing is that it sells a novel product that does not suffer from individual tastes and preferences or cultural prejudices. Coca Cola’s Management is however, regional based. The company licenses a number of bottlers who run the operations of the company. The Coca Cola Company provides the necessary syrup for the bottlers who then mixes it into the required consistency and distributes it for sale in their regions (Armstrong & Kotler, 2011). On the other hand, McDonald’s adopts a high degree of localization to enables it to access different markets. McDonalds is susceptible to differences in tastes and preferences at regional level. The supply of raw materials for the production of its fast foods makes it rely on locally available materials. Most of these define the taste that a particular region. That is why McDonald’s sales vary from region to region, with the flagship product for any one region differing significantly from other regions in their mar
Aging refers to a biological process of growing old. The study of the biological process is referred to as gerontology. While many people associate aging with its negative aspects such as senility and dementia, gerontology is an objective study of aging that aims at achieving a holistic understanding of the process. It is important to highlight that aging process elicits different meanings in the academic circles. Hansen (2012) says that aging refers to accretion of psychological, social and physical changes that people experience over time. Hansen (2012) points out that aging is a critical process of human life and societies especially when attempting to understand the biological processes and changes that typify human life. Aging process is counterproductive to social organization given that old people become dependent on younger generation (Hansen, 2012). Besides, many governments spend huge amounts of financial resources to care for the elderly. This does not only make aging process an important aspect of societies but also an important process of economic and social organization in a country. Gerontological nursing is a sub discipline of nursing that studies health care issues of the elderly in society (Pascucci, 2008). The field of nursing has integrated a more proactive approach of caring for communities and enhancing preventive care. Subsequently, gerontological nursing converges with the increase of nursing activities within communities (Hansen, 2012). This is in lieu of the fact that industrialized nations have large numbers of the elderly. The rationale is that fertility rates have declined tremendously in these countries. To that end, it is important to highlight that over hundred thousand people die in the United States die annually owing to age-related complications (Pascucci, 2008). The profession of nursing therefore targets communities to address issues that relate to aging and other aspects of preventive and curative care. According to statistics released by US administration on aging, over 42% of the total population was above 60 years in 2010 (Kennedy, 2011). This reflects a slow growth of the aging population when compared to statistics released by the same organization in 2000. In fact, almost 40% of the population was above sixty years (Hansen, 2012). As such, it is apparent that almost half of the population is aging rapidly. The field of nursing therefore plays an important role in enhancing the health and longevity of the elderly (Pascucci, 2008). This is in lieu of the fact that the older population requires constant and f