ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Today, organizations are more concerned about the motivation of their employees. Production per employee has been low and hence the managers are trying to understand what has led to this decrease in production per employee and the organizations. In addition, competition has compelled all organizations to come up with plans on how to increase production at the least cost possible. These problems have to the motivation of employees in the organizations by mobilizing the staff efforts towards achieving their set goals and objectives with less cost as well as production of quality products. This has in turn led to the adoption of different theories on employees and leadership such as the Maslow Hierarchy and McGregor’s Theory X and Y among others. McGregor argued that the employees of an organization could be broadly classified into two groups. Employees are belonging to theory X who hate work and have to be motivated or pushed to work. The other group belongs to theory Y and are participative and to them, work is as natural as play. These do not require any motivation to work. Abraham Maslow on the other hand developed the hierarchy of needs of a human being. Maslow indicated that when a need is not satisfied, then it needs motivation. Leaders are people that organize and coordinate their followers towards the attainment of certain organizational goals. The healthcare industry also requires leaders and that is why we have a Nursing-officer-in charge or an in-charge physician in all healthcare centers. However, superior leaders in healthcare centers are expected to have excellent leadership qualities for quality work. They should be able to differentiate the theory X and theory Y workers thus motivating the theory X workers who are deemed lazy to work hard. The leaders should be able to mobilize the other workers and motivate them by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs for output maximization. Motivation refers to doing something to entice an employee to attract his or her attention to do the work better and increase production. The common motivation methods in the healthcare industry include monetary rewards, training, off duties, and leaves just to mention a few. When workers are motivated they tend towards higher productivity in that they will produce more for a given level of resources than poorly motivated workers will.
Millennium Development Goals Millennium development goals were developed by the United Nations to help address some of the issues that were seen to be basic for a person to lead a normal life. These goals were developed after the realization that in some parts of the world, people were leading life that was deplorable. In this century, an individual who lives below one dollar a day is considered to be living in object poverty (World Bank, 2012). It was also of concern that in this century, some people were still illiterate in a world where information flows freely from one part of the world to another. Another concern was the fact that rate at which individuals, both children and adults were dying was very alarming. There were more concerns that were brought up, and then narrowed down to 8 goals. In this research, the study will focus on only two of the eight millennium development goals. Eradication of extreme poverty and hunger This is the first of the millennium development goal. Extreme poverty and hunger degrades life of a person. When an individual is not capable of getting the basic needs such as food and shelter, life loses its meaning completely. This goal was therefore set to ensure that by 2015, the population of those who were living below one dollar a day in 1990 shall be reduced by half (Schubert, 2010). This will be a positive sign that the world is getting more accommodative to everyone from various parts of the world. Indicators for monitoring progress of this goal include the following.  1. The proportion of the population below one dollar per day.      1. This indicator is “ends” because it is the ultimate goal that is to be achieved.      2. It is however, a subjective goal because it varies between individuals.      3. It is qualitative in nature because it uses descriptive statistics.      4. It falls in the family of basic needs.  2. The poverty gap ratios.      1. This indicator is “means” because it is a path towards achieving equality.      2. It is objective because it has normative judgment.      3. It is qualitative because it uses descriptive data.      4. It falls in the family of inequality.  3. The share of the poorest quintile in the national consumption.      1. This is indicator is a “means” because it helps in finding the path to eradication of poverty.      2. It is objective because of the normative judgment.      3. It is quantitative because of the use of numerical statistics.      4. It is in the family of access to assert. The above three indicators helps in the determination of how well this goal is being achieved. Combat HIV/AIDs, malaria and other diseases HIV/AIDs still remain one of the leading disasters in many countries around the world, especially the developing countries. There is still a massive misconception and perception of HIV in Africa and other developing nations. In these countries, people still perceive HIV as something that is very shameful because it is associated with sexual immorality. To many, a diagnosis of this syndrome is always a sign th
Brooks, D. “The Culture of Martyrdom: How Suicide Bombing became not Just a Means but an End.” Pearson Custom Library: English Mercury Reader . Ed. Kathleen, S. Cain, Janice Neuleib, and Stephen Ruffus. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson, 2012. 80-86. Print. David Brooks uses the Israel-Palestinian context not only to trace the increase in suicide bombings in the recent past but also profile the suicide bomber mentality and examine the culture that supports these individuals. According to the article, the culture of indoctrination, addiction to revenge and martyrdom glorification are to blame for facilitating a paradigm shift, whereby suicide bombing is no longer viewed as a means but rather as an end. The culture of indoctrination, according to Brook, has motivated the zeal of well-educated Palestinians to offer themselves as suicide bombers, willing and ready to do anything to further the Palestinian cause. The consequent motivation arising from the indoctrination of these bombers, it seems, is not so much laced with religious fanaticism as previously thought, but by exposure to intense spiritual training, reinforcement of the need to take revenge, and reassurance of the many rewards bombers can expect in the afterlife. Consequently, addiction to take revenge against the perceived enemies is a direct consequence of the intense indoctrination intended to cultivate dogmatic loyalty to the objectives of a particular terrorist group. Martyrdom glorification has been shown to be at an all-time high in Palestine, as parents and other social institutions take pride in suicide bombers for making the ultimate sacrifice to progress their cause. Television networks air videotapes of martyrs as they vow how they will find solace in eliminating Israelis and Westerners, while the bombers’ parents often join in televised interviews to demonstrate their happiness and gratification in their sons and daughters for taking the war to the Israelis. Overall, the common perception among most Palestinians is that suicide bombings can act as an end to the wrongdoings and humiliations progressed by Israel; however, it may also be that the culture of suicide bombing has affected the wide Palestinian culture to the point whereby many people in the society have become obsessed with raw hatred targeted at Israelis and Westerners. To address the problem, Israel need not make concessions to the demands of terrorists but rather come up with ways and strategies intended to address the passions that feed these attacks.
Tata Cars in the Global Market Despite a common prejudice, business and art are perfectly compatible, and Deviantart, the refuge of numerous talented artists, is strong proof for that. Investing in Deviantart will help provide opportunities for young artists to promote themselves as accomplished designers. There is no secret that locating a proper resource, where the basics of using modern technology (i.e., graphic tablets, computer programs, such as Photoshop, Corel Draw, etc.) are taught in a comprehensive manner, is rather complicated. By introducing online courses, where the users of Deviantart will be able to acquire new skills, participate in competitions and get a chance for employment, one will be able to benefit within a comparatively short amount of time. Deviantart is a treasure trove that will never be exhausted and, therefore, will provide stable revenue, which makes it a perfect place to locate a business in. An analysis of the components for the marketing plan shows that the market strategy, branding, and the pricing, positioning, and branding (Iacobucci 61) seem to be of the greatest significance. With no major competitors, the organization will have to focus on the means of reaching the target audience. Networking and direct marketing seem to be the most efficient strategies, seeing that online users are likely to use AdBlock or similar applications and are unable to notice advertisements on the site. Tata Nano’s Marketing Segments The case study shows that middle-class single people and students make the bulk of Tata’s target audience due to the low price and small size of the vehicle. Based on this assumption, it can be considered that competition and budget are the key concerns of the company. In addition, the mission statement should be changed so that the environmental controversy should be addressed. The next step towards the company’s success in the global economy will presuppose a shift towards four-wheel vehicle production. Finally, the company will have to reconsider the production process in order to make the cars less threatening to the environment. Tata Nano and Maslow’s Hierarchy From the perspective of Maslow’s hierarchy, the need for physical safety and transportation (the basic needs) have been satisfied. However, the esteem of people driving a vehicle that pollutes the city will suffer; therefore, there will be no possibility for self-actualization. The environmental issue has struck me greatly. Therefore, the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy will affect me when purchasing a Tata car. Baby Boomers vs. Gen Nester Segmentation element  Baby Boomers          Gen. Nester       Age                   68–50                 25–33             Goals                 Security              Promotion         Values                Family and relatives  Career and family Use of media          Traditional           Modern             As the table above shows, Gen. Nester is concerned with career-related issues. Baby Boomers, on the contrary, focus on family issues more. This difference in values is predetermined by the background of both g
Costco Wholesale was founded in 1983 and it customers are mainly members who are registered. Hence, they are much loyal to its products and operations. Its product ranges from groceries, appliances, electronics, apparel, food to furniture. Costco is an international company with its headquarters in Washington. The company has approximately 147,000 employees who are employed full and part-time. The company also has 55 million members. Despite the fact that it enjoys a big market share, it is facing stiff competition especially from sam’s club and the Wal-Mart division. To counter this kind of scenario most business ventures to the extensive advertisement. Strategic Business Units (SBU) refer to independent organizational units or partition small in size and supple to apply control on matters affecting their long-term performance. The essay addresses an important problem of the company for it does not advertise its products; the Company does not advertise through billboards, television commercials, radio jingles, and adverts on buses. Wholesale is not known to do extensive advertisement of its products, but they still thrive in the market, the question in the mind of many is for how long this will be in existence despite the changing customer needs and stiff competition. The strategic alternatives available to the problem have been identified and its advantage and disadvantages have as well been evaluated to ascertain how advertisement would affect corporate and strategic business unit’s level of the recommended strategic alternative given. The argument against advertisement using the modes stated above is that it will be irrelevant for the public to shop from Costco wholesale, but being a member is paramount as the wholesale has created customer loyalty by internally advertising to their members. Available strategic alternatives to product advertisement include offering quality products to consumers, ensuring that product prices are always low as compared to other competitors and or proper and appealing product packaging. The three alternative are; lower prices, quality products and proper product packaging (Pricken, 49). If well thought and implemented will definitely ensure that any business and for this matter Costco wholesale will continue thriving even without actively advertising their products and services through billboards, television commercials, radio jingles among other forms of ads. One of the ad
One of the most famous contemporary creators of installation art, James Turrell, has contributed to the evolution of the genre extensively. He cemented his image of an innovator in the realm of installation art by exploring the way in which lighting can alter the perception of space, thus introducing the interaction of the two concepts in his artworks (Jakubov 2015; Shin & Yoo 2015). Coining the term ”skyspace” (Corcoran 2015), Turrell has altered the realm of installation art by connecting the two items that used to be seen as static in a dynamic state, thus allowing people to see space as an artwork. When considering the aspects of Turrell’s artworks that make him particularly innovative, one should mention the focus on height and the role that it plays in the overall dynamics of an art piece. Turrell literally adds another dimension to his artworks by shifting the audience’s attention to the role that height plays in his art pieces. Turrell started experimenting with the idea of skyscrapers in the 1970s and has been experimenting with the opportunities for developing depth that height provides. His Deer Shelter (see Fig. 1) is a particularly peculiar s
Abstract Class tardiness has remained a perpetual problem throughout the history of learning. Although much literature has been expended over issues of indiscipline within the school system, very little has centered on tardiness mainly evolving around absenteeism, drugs, gang links, gun control and violence. This study therefore attempts to extend research on class tardiness by discerning the basic questions regarding promptness in school and class attendance by students by initiating a study using 3 rd graders at a public school in New Jersey. The methodology applied was action research whereby both students and parents were integrated in the study. The results were quite remarkable revealing a tremendous turnaround of the tardy students becoming punctual after the introduction of a prompter. The study was however limited by time constraints and lack of independent validation. Nonetheless, the study was instructive and gave indication that the dilemma regarding tardiness can be fairly lessened if not eradicated. Problem Statement The issue of class lateness or tardiness has remained an unending topic with teachers and administrators perplexed on
Human life is unquestionably the greatest treasure that any human being can have. It is something that cannot be measured in monetary terms. Indeed, human life is among the few things on planet earth whose value cannot be determined or even estimated. The value that the human society attaches to life has significantly subsided in the recent past (Rodden 12). Human life is no longer treated with the same reverence that it was regarded with a few centuries ago. In the contemporary society, human life is not only taken by murderers but also by legal action imposed by the state. This essay will seek to posit that it is morally incorrect for the state to take human life. The essay will achieve its objective by relying on various illustrations from George Orwell’s essay “A Hanging.” First and foremost, it is not morally correct for the state to take human life because such a brutal measure will not help in any way to discipline the convict. By taking the human life of the convict, the state does not give the prisoner a chance to reform his or her character. It is possible that just by serving a jail term, some convicts will reform their character and be transformed into normal and responsible members of the society. It is immoral and unnecessary for a state to execute a convict because enclosing a person in a prison cell is enough to bring regret to such a person. The alienation that prisoners experience is an experience that they will not want to go through again after being released from prison. The time that the prisoners spend in the prisons makes them to waste away. In his article, Orwell describes the man executed in his story as a “puny wisp of a man” (613). This description makes it clear that the man had had a rough time in prison. This is normally the case with prisoners. The difficult life in a prison makes them to grow miserable and waste away in virtually every part of their body. It is certain that anybody who is robust at their first day in prison will come out looking frail and beaten by the end of the jail term. It is unlikely that such a person will recidivate once released from prison. Therefore, the execution of such is clearly immoral and undeserved. Furthermore, the taking of human life by the state is immoral because it causes overwhelming grief to those people who are attached to the convict. The pain that such persons go through at the realization that they will never see the convict again is agonizing. The narrator in the article keenly describes the emotional grief that grips the onlookers witnessing the execution of the convict (615). It is obvious that these people did not know the man who was facing the execution. If these strangers sympathized with the man, then the pain that the family and friends of such convicts go through is unimaginable. In addition, the taking away of human life by the state is immoral because it leaves behind unfortunate orphans, widows and widowers. To permanently detach an individual from his or her family is an immoral act against humanity. There are cases where those executed are breadwinners i
For centuries people distinguished two notions, body and soul. Many people argued and could not decide which is more important. Some say that soul (and later human consciousness) is essential since people are determined by their beliefs and souls. However, others cannot agree that the body is not that important since there can be no consciousness without a body. The development of technology makes it possible to open up new horizons for this problem consideration. Thus, Dennett dwells upon the problem and tries to decide what makes a person that unique personality: body, brain, or maybe something else? Dennett depicts the (quite hypothetical) situations when the main character loses his body, which is substituted by another, and he is also provided by a computer program, which is a complete copy of his consciousness. At the end of the story, some mayhem begins, so it is the reader who is to decide where Dennett is. As a result, each reader will know what makes a person unique. In the first place, it is necessary to consider whether real Dennett can be in a body. I believe that body is only a vessel that keeps the most important. It is quite obvious since over time human body changes and sometimes people’s appearance change dramatically. However, it does not make them other personalities. If a person is cheerful, he or she will remain such a positive personality. Moreover, the development of surgery proves that even when a body changes, consciousness does not change. Of course, it is possible that due to some improvements in appearance a person can become more confident or less kind, but it does not mean the personality changed. It may mean that some unknown facets of the personality emerged. So, even if a person obtains a new body (like Dennett got Fortinbras), he/she remains the same personality with the same feelings and longings. It can seem obvious that only the brain makes a person unique. Admittedly, it is the brain that is the center of people’s intentions, fears, beliefs, dreams, etc. People get to know each other after they communicate a bit after they know some basic peculiarities of the person’s inner world. Of course, by saying “inner world,” I do not mean the peculiarities of some organs functioning. People long to be with people who share their beliefs, who can support and give a piece of advice if necessary. It is possible to say that people do not care much about the physical appearance of their friends, relatives, etc. because they are more concerned with more abstract things. However, people know that brain is just another organ that operates by some basic rules. Thus, it is possible even to create artificial intelligence. Can it be regarded as personality? Dennett had a program, which was a precise copy of his consciousness. He even thought that they are the same since they could operate separately in the same way. To my mind, by introducing such a sophisticated copy Dennett suggests that the brain is not the personality itself, as well. I think that any computer (
Any country highly values human capital which is the most important input into the day-to-day operations. It is the responsibility of management to ensure that each and every employee is satisfied with the conditions of work so that the employee can deliver to the maximum. As a result, companies that have invested in better human resource management have advanced more besides getting the best output out of their employees. Human resource management is concerned with the general welfare of the employees as well as the relationship between employees and employers. However, they way human resource is handled differ from one country to another. While other countries prefer participatory kind of human resource, others have autocratic type of management. Even where the type of management is the same, some principles are different. Since France and Canada are in different continents, the way human resource management is handled in these two countries is different. The first factor that is compared when people are looking at international human resource management is job design and analysis. Job design refers to the description of roles and duties of each person in an organization (Jackson, 2002). On the other hand, job analysis refers to the acts of deciding the specific job requirements by keenly looking into existing conditions. This can be done in order to make decisions such as recruitment or the type of training that