ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The first suggestion on the list would be ineffective during the actual hypnotherapy session because it is flawed. This suggestion says: “The noise outside does not disturb you. It does not disturb you in any way…”. It breaks the Law of Reverse Effect. The suggestion focuses on the client’s attention to the negative impact, such as noise outside. The desired effect is calmness, concentration, and disengagement from the external distractions. Mentioning the noise, the suggestion creates a reverse effect and drives the client’s attention towards it. The improved version of the suggestion is: “As you allow yourself to relax more and more, you start to feel how your body fills itself with quietness and peace, you enjoy the silence of your mind, this serene and peaceful sensation.” Excluding negative language, I help the client to focus on the positive outcome and the desired result. Using an additional description of the desired peaceful state of mind, I paint a detailed picture of the positive outcome in order to help the client reach it successfully. The second suggestion is likely to be ineffective due to its contradictive nature. It is not well-designed and may confuse a client’s mind and imagination. The suggestion says: “Relaxation is oozing through your body. It is hopping from your head to your feet…”. First of all, trying to create a positive image for the client to relax a practitioner is to guide them through a specific and detailed chain of suggestions. The first part of the example suggestion says that relaxation is “oozing,” and the second one uses the verb “hopping,” which contradicts each other. Besides, in my opinion, the verb “oozing” has a negative character and is likely to be associated with unpleasant images. My version of this affirmation is: “Relaxation is flowing through your body. It is slowly and steadily streaming from the tips of your toes, ankles, hips, pelvis, stomach, chest, neck to your head”. The relaxation is to move upwards and affect the client’s head last. Besides, using more homogeneous words in my affirmation, I create a stable effect. The desired goal is to achieve calm relaxation; this is why it would be better to avoid exciting and energetic words such as “hopping” to maintain the needed effect. The third suggestion is: “The music in the background is the signal for you to relax. You relax when you hear this music, and you feel as if you could sleep. You will have no trouble sleeping; the music is your signal to sleep. Now you will come back to full consciousness when I count from 1-10…”. First of all, it employs a negative phrase “you will have no trouble sleeping.” This part should be replaced. Besides, it employs the verb “will,” which is better to avoid because the affirmation needs to imply that the change is happening in the present. The improved version of this suggestion is: “The music in the background is the signal for you to relax. As soon as you hear the music, you immediately start to relax and feel ready to go to a peaceful and pleasant sleep. Your sleep comes naturally and softl
Abstract Judaism is considered to be one of the oldest religions in the world. It is a form of religion that is always changing in order to feel the needs of a constantly changing world. This is in terms of the social changes and the different perceptions that people are developing in a world that is changing on a day to day basis. Judaism represents the history and further the civilization of the Jewish community. This is in terms of their culture and social set up. Judaism also represents the religion of the Jewish people. The main languages that are used in Judaism include Hebrew and Palestine. For the strict traditional Jews Judaism rituals and rotes are conducted in Hebrew. Hebrew is considered as sacred as it is the language which was used by the prophets to give the revelation of God to the Israelites. Jewish also believe that Hebrew is a language that can be used to change the destiny of they world. This makes the language more sacred. Though Judaism is considered to be a unified religion, as is shown in history, it is not that simple. It includes a number of different ideas and notions joined together to form Judaism. Some of them include:   * Judaism involves various literatures that are read by the Jews   * The Israelites are the central poles that support Judaism   * Judaism is founded on a body of rules that are followed by the Jews   * Involves certain rituals and rites   * Morality is highly regarded.   * Judaism follows certain principles/doctrines. Over the years Judaism has been divided into two, as a result of this transformation they are the traditional Jews and the modern Jews. This division is attributed to the interpretation of Judaism. But the two groups know that God is the overall in their religion. (Steinberg, 1988) In Judaism, God is given human attributes such as God is one and is the creator of all things. With this kind of foundation, Judaism therefore is against any idolatry in any form. Introduction The Jewish religion has been affected tremendously by the people of the United States of America. Before the 18 th century, there was only one kind of Jewish religion which is now called Orthodox. The original Jewish religion meant abiding by 613 laws which guided the Jews lives and faith. The period of the late 18 th century is known as ‘enlightenment’ period, because from then henceforth Jews in America developed a wide variety of alternate interpretations of their religion most of which divided the role of faith in the
Summary Matthew Whitley, an accounting official with Coca-Cola for eleven years, filed claims with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that he was fired unethically on grounds of disclosing accounting discrepancies in the company’s records. He claimed that a marketing test of frozen Coke conducted by Burger King was unethically rigged by the company along with various other claims. Under this situation it is apparent that there are three major stakeholders in the case. First and foremost stakeholder in the case is the claimant- Matthew Whitley. Secondly, the claims are against the Coca-Cola Company. Thus, the company becomes the defending party. Thirdly, as the claims involve major irregularities in business between the Coca-Cola Company and Burger King food chain, the later gets involved in the case automatically as the third stakeholder. Ethical Analysis In March 2001, Whitley discovered an abnormal outlay report while performing a scheduled audit. He revealed a plot to manipulate a Burger King marketing trial of Frozen Coke in Richmond, Virginia area which misleadingly was driving up the demand for the Frozen Coke merchandise after its bleak performance in the first phase of the trials. Whitley proclaimed accounting discrepancies in Coke’s iFountain venture. Supposedly, Coke and equipment maker Lancer Corp. suppressed an iFountain slush subsidy by forging crucial financial records. Whitely asserted that over 80,000 frozen beverage machines on a national scale were faulty and tainted slush drinks with metal residue. Whitley mailed a comprehensive memo encompassing all claims to Coke President Steve Heyer. Without doubt, by doing so Whitley demonstrated ethical conduct. According to the deontological theory of ethical thought people should be loyal to their responsibilities and sense of duty when evaluating an ethical predicament. Matthew Whitley did just that and shouldered responsibility to inform the authorities of unethical scheme of operations. (Maclagan, 2008) However, after a week, Whitley incurred a performance evaluation report which he claimed to be the most negative appraisal in his entire career. This meager assessment report came only one month subsequent to Whitley being honored by his manager, Brian Hannafy, as being an exemplar of a high performer for the whole firm. On March 26, 2003, Whitley lost his job and his service contracts were terminated. Whitley subsequently filed an allegation for retaliatory damages in the Superior Court of Fulton County, for disparage, unjust termination, and deliberate infliction of psychological anguish. He further filed a claim against Coke with the U.S. District Court in Georg
Qualitative Performance improvement is a vital part of any organization. Therefore, the incorporation of the principles of performance improvement and the addition of the relevant techniques should be seen as a part of the HR function. In their article, Kellner, Townsend, and Wilkinson (2017) examine the effects of using an HPW-based framework in a non-profit organization. By performing an intricate qualitative examination of the essential effects of an HPW-based system in the non-for-profit organization’s setting, the authors manage to conclude whether the specified type of managing the output delivered by staff members is viable in the context of the modern non-for-profit workplace environment. According to the results of the study, the inclusion of an HPW-based principle of managing workplace functions of staff members and increasing their performance works mainly due to the emphasis on improving their motivation. Whether by the use of incentives or the incorporation of inappropriate technique for keeping the engagement levels at a high level, the HPW approach proves to have a profound impact on staff members. Therefore, the HPW-based approach should be included into the non-for-profit context. Pros                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Cons                                                                                                                                      The use of the qualitative method helps to reduce the sample size in order to examine the relationships within the target organizational context fully.                                                                       The small sample size may ultimately turn out to be unrepresentative of the target environment.                                           The development of a grounded theory is another crucial advantage of the study. The authors construct an argument to develop the framework based on which similar issues can be approached in other organizational settings.  The grounded theory requires further testing and may only be applicable to a few settings.                                                The significance of the study is very high in terms of the effects that it may have on the management of charities and other non-for-profit organizations.                                                                    The results of the research are currently quite narrow; to make them applicable to broader contexts, additional generalization is needed.  Quantitative Another research that sheds light on the problem of HPW-based systems in the organizational context is the study by Miao, Bozionelos, Zhou, and Newman (2020). The authors state that
The conceptualization of the nationhood largely depends on the social political as well as the economic status of a nation. In established countries, nationhood seems to occur against the backdrop of proactive effort, especially by the government, on people roles in maintaining the national identity in the global arena. Such approach is topdown, and seems to occur in times of social economic as well as political stability. In times of crisis however, a different bottom-up approach manifests itself (Frosh and Wolfsfeld 2). The concept of Mediated Civil Nationhood largely borrows from this theory, especially on the elements of conceptualizing nationhood in times of crises. In such a situation, the media takes the position of the government in mediating nationhood. The term civil in “Mediated Civil Nationhood” refers to unplanned daily interactions, but largely obscures overt ethnic differences. There are subtle semantic differences between the terms civil and civic; civic refers to people living within specific territorial boundaries. However, the close morphological and semantic association between these two terms obscures ethnicity, a key component of nationhood (Frosh and Wolfsfeld 3). Yet, ethnicity helps to conceptualize the spirit nationhood, especially in times of crisis. The use of the term civil provides semantic weaknesses in defining “Mediated Civil Nationhood” . This leads to the question on how ethnicity manifests itself in conceptualizing nationhood. Ethnicity can is perceived within community, culture and physical boundaries. In each of these subcategories, there are certain elements of cultural similarities. However, these similarities overlap forming a larger identity group, which can be referred to as a nation. Additionally, while a nation is symbolized through flags, emblems and such other features, it is also an abstract concept represented by abstract institutions and systems. In moments of crises, the media, through various genres, plays a pivotal role in mediating between these three components of nationhood (Frosh and Wolfsfeld 4). Crisis and Nationhood in Israeli Television News The role of the media in mediating nation is evident in Israel, and occurs against the backdrop of the conflict between the conceptual civic and ethnic State. In civic terms, Israel is perceived as a collection cultureless people living within its territorial boundaries, bound by given laws and national symbols. This obscures the Jewish and Palestinian ethnic backgrounds. Yet certain laws,
Introduction Biologists refer to coral reefs as the rain forests of the sea. Coral reefs are the habitat of 33 of the 38 identified animal phyla, whereas tropical rain forests give shelter to only eight phyla. Troubles of coral reefs are well known and there are various causes on injury taking place, including population expansion and change in climate. Estimate for the area coral reefs occupy range from 284.000 to 512.000 Km 2 , however, they are the habitat of more than 25% of the ocean’s biodiversity giving them a characteristic of no otherworld ecosystem. Corals are invertebrate animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria (the same as jellyfish). The phylum name refers to the hurtful cutting hairs of the corals (stinging cells) called cnidocytes. The coral body looks like a vas sac (polyp) that has an opening at one end (mouth) surrounded by stinging long flexible limbs (tentacles) to capture food. Although corals belong to the animal kingdom, yet they behave in many respects like a plant, as building reefs near the water surface where they can easily reach sunlight. Symbiosis (close association with plants and animals) influences the colors of corals (Staub, 1-3). Main body Either coral diseases occur because of a biological insult as infection with bacteria and fungi or non-biological causes as increased water temperature or water pollution. Biologists consider these diseases a major threat to coral reefs health and reproduction. The Western Atlantic reefs (especially Caribbean) are the most affected by disease. Correlation between coral disease prevalence and environmental factors is a reason for increasing the severity of infection (Raymundo, 1-3). The first case of cold-water infective disease occurred in 2002 at South West England coast affecting Eunicella verrucosa, the disease caused by bacteria with no fungi isolated. The disease characterized by tissue sloughing and exposure of skeletal gorgonin to putrefactive bacteria causing foul smell (Hall-Spencer and others, 87). A report of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on the main diseases affecting corals described eight infective diseases. Black Band Disease The characteristic to this disease is a black concentric or crescent-shaped band of 1-30 mm wide and nearly 2 m long. The band erodes coral tissue as it extends over the colony surface, leaving bare skeleton. Cyanobacteria associated with sulfide-oxidizing and reducing bacteria are the main causative organisms. Opportunistic protozoa and fungi (nematodes, ciliate protozoan, flatworms and fungal filaments) are adding to the damage. Photosynthetic pigments of dominant cyanobacteria produce the black color of the band; however, the lesion usually shows a white dusting produced by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Coral Bleaching The normal color of most stony corals is yellow to light brown because of photosynthesis pigments of coexisting zooxanthellae. On unrestrained stress, corals expel their zooxanthellae, or concentrates o
Throughout the entire history of the human race, at least to some extent, art and design naturally co-exist in the life of various nations and societies. Moreover, these two spheres appear to be so close that some individuals tend to perceive these two terms as synonyms. From one perspective, the existence of such opinion is not surprising due to the fact that it is indeed very difficult to set a straight borderline between art and design because they share much common (“Do you know what are the differences between art and design?” 2017). However, the purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the differences that make art and design to be distinctive spheres of human activities. First of all, it is essential to notice that the notion of art is itself very extensive as it includes music, literature, cinematography, et cetera. However, for the purposes of this paper, it is decided to focus on a more narrowed sphere of the arts. Particularly, by “art” in this essay, visual arts are meant, for the sake of easier comparison with graphic design. It is apparent that both artist and designers create pictures, images, paintings, and other objects that could be consumed visually (Trochut, 2016). Accordingly, what is the difference then? It is argued that the overall purpose of creating visual objects is different for artists and designers. As formulated by Trochut (2016), the design is solving the problem, while art raises the question. This statement is of particular importance for the discussion because, in my opinion, this formulation determines the fundamentals of art and design. For example, in some of its forms and expression, the art can have no sense or meaning whatsoever, and it will still be the work of art (“6 important ways that design differs from art,” 2014). However, the end product of the designer’s work always has a clear and concise purpose that the created object should serve. Evidently enough, designers usually strive to create utility things that simultaneously have an aesthetic value. Vice versa, an artist also can make an effort to transform their art into something that serves other purposes than being observed and admired. However, the fundamental difference between art and design is in the purpose of the final product. Since the primary distinctive characteristic was discussed, it is also important to mention other aspects in which art might differ from design. Evidently enough, it is possible to add to the statement of Trochut (2016), which was cited previously, that design is very conclusive when it creates something. Nobody in their right mind would discuss the “meaning” or “the idea behind” a table or a chair. On the contrary, the work of art is open for the discussion of its meaning, and it is also open to interpretation (Duvall, 2018). Products of design are very functional, and usually, they are functional in a very strict and concise way. Unlike the works of art, the products of design could not be interpreted due to their utility. Accordingly, what conclusions could be retrieved from this discussion? Evidently enough, art and design have very much in common. However, the most rele
Introduction Various health issues tend to affect women across the globe. In the last few decades, these issues have gradually proved to be very important given that they not only affect women, but also affect men and the entire society. However, even with concerted efforts, insecure abortion and childbirth still lead to the death of women. Most women seek the intervention of birth control to manage their sexual and reproductive lives. On the other hand, millions of people live unhappily due to infertility. Other issues such as infection of the women reproductive tracts affect many women globally. The universal agreement is that women reproductive health is impacted by the correlation between different compounded factors (Hull et al., 1996). Consequently, children and men experience the impact of these issues either directly or indirectly. Issues affecting woman reproductive health Every human being is entitled to his or her opinions, convictions, emotions, apprehension, and worries concerning sexuality and reproduction. Despite having rights, beliefs relating to reproductive health are often influenced by personal experiences, relations, religion, peers, and media (Liamputtong, 2000). The influences are in fact socially constructed. By extension, these perceptions affect the health of women in different ways. The perception of the society concerning the reproductive health of women often influences the subject of social policy in many societies. Reproductive health incorporates the conditions in which the reproduction cycles are realized in the whole body, psychological and communal well-being. It is not the sheer lack of disorder or illnesses of the reproductive cycles. For most women, the ability to be in good reproductive health means having the capacity to reproduce children successfully (Liamputtong, 2007). It also entails giving birth to healthy infants, survival of the child, and retaining the mother’s good health. However, this begins with safety throughout the pregnancy and child delivery. It also includes the freedom to regulate fertility devoid of health hazards. The right to perform and take pleasure in harmless sexual relationship is also a critical element of reproductive health. In order to experience good reproductive health, women deserve the right to healthy sexual development. They should be able to decide the number of offspring they want to have and the spacing between them. They should be free from illnesses and be able to receive healthcare