ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Why did I choose this role? The reason this particular role appealed to me is due to the fact that I often encounter food and beverage servers whenever I go out to eat. Sometimes when I have nothing to do when I am eating I tend to look at the servers and try to imagine how they go about their daily life within the restaurant. I sometimes trying to think about what they do when there are no customers around or what goes on behind the counter. All in all, restaurant servers actually fascinated me and, as such, that is the main reason why I have chosen this role. Relationship with the Facilities Department As a food and beverage server, my relationship with the facilities department where I work would primarily consist of coordination regarding the disposal of material waste, bringing in the proper types of beverages that customers request as well as assisting in the maintenance and cleaning of the facilities after the restaurant closes. Disposal of Material Waste As a food and beverage server, one of my duties is to ensure the proper disposal of food and other types of material waste that accumulate after a customer has finished their meal. However, it should be noted that merely throwing the waste into a trashcan is unacceptable given the current popularity of recycling and proper waste disposal. As such, proper cooperation between me and the facilities department is necessary in order to properly dispose of waste (Hasbollah & Baldry, 2014). This type of cooperation comes in form of coordinating where particular types of waster material should go, this means having the facilities management staff place various trash bins with corresponding labels for recyclable waste, non-recyclable items, as well as biological waster materials. Such a level of coordination is essential so that proper steps can be taken to ensure that all the accumulated garbage is disposed of properly. Another aspect of the relationship between me and the facilities management of the restaurant comes in the form of coordinating a proper disposal schedule for the garbage. What must be understood is that garbage should not be left to fester in a particular area of a restaurant for prolonged periods of time. Such an act could result in cross contamination which would impact the safety of the food that is being served. It is due to this that proper coordination with the facilities management department is essential so that garbage is regularly and promptly disposed of to eliminate the possibility that bacteria may spread to the raw food that is present within a kitchen (Hasbollah & Baldry, 2014). Beverage Delivery and Storage Another important aspect of my relationship with the facilities management department comes in the form of proper delivery and storage of the various drinks that are needed by the restaurant. It goes without saying that beverages are an essential component of a restaurant’s operations, as such, it is important to ensure that they are delivered and stored properly so that they can be give
Introduction The French and Indian War, named after the main rivals of the British, (Andersen, 2000) is one of the wars in history that had a tremendous impact not only among the countries who were directly involved, but also to their colonies, and even the other nations that were physically far from them and had no involvement in the conflict, whether directly or indirectly. This paper looks into the war, by re-tracing some of the main events and looking at the countries and nationalities involved. It focuses on the French involvement especially since so little is written about it. Specific areas that this paper would look into include: why the Indian tribes fought with the French, what the French did differently to befriend so many Indian tribes as compared with the British, reasons behind the eventual failing of the French and the Indians, why the Indians went to the British side at the end of the conflict, the aftermath of war on the native tribes, and the British treatment of the natives after the war. Prelude to the War Long before the start of the French and Indian war, the French and the British were already main rivals. Before the start of the eighteenth century, the British had established colonial settlements in New England, along the Atlantic Coast, and in the Chesapeake Bay region. During
It is evident that the world around us is different and people in various countries are facing unimaginable challenges. Raising awareness about these issues and enhancing the understanding of the culture that affects the perception of individuals, as well as the history of continents such as Africa, can help locate solutions to various social injustices. This paper aims to present a personal reflection on the enhancement of global awareness and myths about Africa, as well as provide an example of learning outside of class. Global Perspective This class helped me by introducing ideas that I was unaware of before, and I noticed that I was able to learn outside of course as well by applying these concepts. Firstly, I became aware of the fact that people such as refugees are affected by circumstances they have no control over. Class homework and discussions of the material such as BBC News Inside the World’s Most Prominent Refugee and the book Of Beetles to Angels provided me with an understanding of experiences that people have in different parts of the world. For instance, the video from BBC News that was explored in this class highlighted the problematical circumstances that some people have to overcome. The video in question displays a camp in Kenya that functions as a city because of the large number of refugees. Seeing this material made me realize that people around the globe have to deal with many difficulties daily. Mohamed, who told his story to the BBC News, mentioned that both his wife and he were born in the camp and raised their children there as well (BBC News, 2016). The inconvenience of such living conditions is evident since those places are meant for a temporary stay. It is difficult to imagine having to live in similar conditions without access to proper education, healthcare, and the ability to work for a decent salary. Moreover, the video states that this camp is considered the third-largest city in the country while its citizens earn a wage of approximately $100. Thus, this course helped me understand the importance of global issues and the need to help in any way possible to improve the lives of others. Another important aspect of this course that contributed to enhancing my awareness of global issues is the discussion of the book Of Beetles to Angels by Mawi Asgedom. In this work, Asgedom (2002) describes his journey from a refugee camp to becoming a Harvard graduate. This story is remarkable, and its exploration helps one get a better understanding of the issues that modern-day refugees deal with in the US because unlike the BBC News story, these events took place in America. Asgedom (2002) was gi
Multiple Sclerosis Over the years, assistive technologies such as personal digital assistant (PDAs) have been used for management of multiple sclerosis. It is evidenced that cognitive impairment can have adverse effects on a patient’s life affecting his daily personal activities as well as family and social life. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of occupational therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis as they assist in managing the symptoms but have failed to provide efficacies of the evidence based methods. Critical evaluation of Evidence based assistive technologies The numbers of studies that have demonstrated the effectiveness of therapeutic intervention of patients with symptoms of multiple sclerosis have not been without criticism. First, extensive literature that covers rehabilitation techniques for cognitive impairment are mostly concentrated on brain injury therapy which is mostly theoretical and fails to demonstrate practical functional improvement of the patient in the real world. Secondly, the emergence of computers in the 1970s introduced gamelike remedial programs that were evidenced to improve memory attention and concentration. Research conducted in this field however did not show results of improved cognitive impairment following use of computer programs as many of the patients recorded high results in game scores which did not reflect in their every day learning activities. This therefore brings us to the conclusion that computer use as compensatory rehabilitation tool may not be affectively applied in remedial therapy (Gentry, 2008, p.18). Desktop task prompting systems such as on screen keyboards specifically developed for people with cognitive impairment are only based on theoretical analysis as they provides no evidence to support on their efficacy in improving patient’s functional performance. Another study conducted to asses the Psion Organizer, as a memory aid in patients with brain injury did show limitations of the evidence based practices despite remarkable improvement in functionality of the patient after practice. The problem, however, is that, memory aid used in cognitive impairment recorded high levels of response to Psion Organizer as a reminder system but failed to describe how participants were trained and track functional outcomes (Gentry, 2008, p.19). Electric reminder systems that include cognitive aids tools such as electric pager, voice recorder and cell phone have widely been reported in numerous case
Alcoholism is the excessive intake of alcohol, which leads to addiction and poor health. AA is a group that aims at helping alcohol addicts and other people to stay sober. Christians argue that AA has Christian root because it was attached to Oxford Group, which is also called Moral Re-Armament (MRA). Historians believe that the persons who invented AA were following the Oxford movement in 1930s. It is not clear whether the founders of alcoholics anonymous, Bill Wilson and Bob Smith, acknowledged Jesus Christ as their savior or the way to God. According to Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), Frank Buchman was the founder of the group named as First Century Christian Fellowship which later changed its name to Oxford Group. Samuel shoemaker was the other leader, but from the Episcopal Church. The driving force of the movement depended on the experience rather than the bible teachings. Buchman never criticized any doctrine in his meetings because he did not want to displease anyone, and he was able to have a large group of people as his followers. The Oxford Group was a nondenominational movement. There are some facts that the founders of AA did not receive Jesus Christ as their personal savior, and did not have time to listen to the gospel. Wilson and Smith went to the Oxford Group to learn the Oxford Group’s techniques of prayer, for example: surrender, guidance, and moral principles. In the occult guidance, the followers prayed and kept quit to hear from God. They would write down what they heard and their guidance came from their spirits rather than from God. Wilson was a drunkard and was not able to graduate from his law school. His drinking problems destroyed his marriage and he was hospitalized for alcoholism. To spread the word, he wrote down the principles of sobriety, and each scripture was sent to Smith for editing. The book had many titles, such as The Way Out and The Empty Glass, which was edited to 400 pages,
Introduction This essay deals with the Kantian philosophy with particular reference to his 1784 essay “What is Enlightenment?” In this essay, Kant poses the apparently contradictory statement “Do we live in an enlightened age?” and the answer to this is “No! We live in an age of enlightenment”. This essay tries to bring out the fine distinction between these two statements and attempts to put this in context of the present age. Immanuel Kant 1 Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher who lived during the time of what we now call as the “Enlightenment”. He was born in Prussia in 1724 and is regarded as one of the foremost intellectual thinkers of his time. His essays about perpetual peace and Critique of reason were hailed for their extraordinary insight into the human condition and the state of war and peace that existed at that time. What is Enlightenment? “What is Enlightenment” is an essay written by Kant in 1784. In this Kant describes the conditions necessary for what is described as “man’s immaturity” and conditions necessary for man to emerge out of this and think for himself. The definition of enlightenment as described by Kant in the opening paragraph of his essay is reproduced here: Enlightenment is man’s emergence from his self-imposed immaturity. Immaturity is the inability to use one’s understanding without guidance from another. This immaturity is self-imposed when its cause lies not in lack of understanding, but in lack of resolve and courage to use it without guidance from another. Sapere Aude! [dare to know] “Have courage to use your own understanding!”–that is the motto of enlightenment 2 . Distinction between an Enlightened age and an Age of Enlightenment Let us know turn to the central theme of this essay, namely the distinction posed by the question that Kant puts forward in his essay and answers it as well. In the time of what is called the “Enlightenment” period where there was resurgence and rejuvenation in Europe in matters regarding the purpose of human life and the flowering of the sciences, there was also an emergence of the nation state and corresponding increase in the rights of individuals for their liberty. In this context, Kant wants people to move away from the “self imposed” shackles to his intellectual freedom and using his own understanding to emerge from the cocoon of apparent comfort provided by authority and by conforming to the established norms. Kant identifies the barriers to an “Enlightened age” as those of the Church, the state and other authoritarian figures that keep man away from thinking for himself. The very subtle contradiction of rights provided b
Summary Implanted medical chip technology can help to reduce the amount of medical misdiagnosis that occur in hospitals and can also address the issue of the amount of money that Jones Corp. (a fictional company) pays out to its clients due to accusations of medical malpractice or their subsequent death. Introduction Based on data examining the prevalence of deaths in the U.S. as a result of medical errors, nearly 195,000 people die every year in hospitals due to some symptoms that were unforeseen from the onset of treatment (Wania and Cliadakis, 16-19). In fact, it was noted that a large percentage of deaths from some form of treatment error came about as a direct result of a misdiagnosis by doctors as well as unforeseen consequences when using particular methods of treatment due to the apparent lack of information regarding a patient’s medical history. From this alone, it can be seen that there is a distinct necessity in ensuring that accurate medical information can be obtained by health care professionals so as to reduce the number of deaths that come about as a result of a lack of information. Within the context of the daily operations of Jones Corp. (fictional insurance firm), this death rate is unacceptable because of the high amount of medical malpractice lawsuits that the company has to pay for as well as various financial problems associated with having to release the life insurance premiums of clients that died as a result of misdiagnosis. Addressing the Issue The RFID chip, a small innocuous device no bigger than a grain of rice, was debuted as being a safe and efficient way for hospitals to access the medical history of a patient so that they can speed up treatment and recovery (Grebb, 16). In a way, the advent of this particular type of technology could be thought of as a medical milestone, the future of medicine, so to speak, wherein doctors, EMTs, nurses, and other medical personnel can quickly and accurately diagnose a patient’s current condition based on their medical history. This can be accomplished even if the patient is unconscious, unable to speak, or is relatively unaware of their own history of medical care. In the case of Jones, Corp. requires all its clients to be implanted with these chips, this should increase the rate of proper medical diagnosis resulting in fewer instances of death as a result of a misdiagnosis. Possible Issues The prevalence of hacking-related crimes of any form of personally identifiable information creates a certain level of risk for people with embedded medical chips. Hackers can potentially access the information contained inside a chip resulting in a severe compromise of personally identifiable private information. With implanted medical chips, people may
Introduction The article under analysis called Defense Acquisitions: Use of Cost Reduction Plans in Estimating F-22 Total Production Costs displays the F-22 Raptor Program on reducing the costs spent on aircraft manufacture. The author provides examples of involved initiatives on the part of the congressional estimation, Air Force projections, and those of the Office of the Secretary. All the sides of the debate reveal different budget figures planned to be introduced into the cost reduction plan. While negotiating the exact projections of the cost reduction rates, a variety of evaluation methods and influential factors have been introduced. Main body At the very beginning, Li (2000) mentions overall projections, as well as potential constraints, that the manufacturers might face while calculating the actual production costs. This is due to the critical situation in 1996 reflecting the significant cost increase influencing future projections. With this in mind, the Air Force’s further actions were directed at increasing the production costs by means of increasing the planned amounts. In this respect, the cost reduction plan could be implemented to defer the cost growth, but not to cut the prices. Because only half of the planned reductions were implemented, it was difficult to define whether future projections are justified. In addition, there are inconsistencies concerning the implemented objectives of the plan, and the external criteria influencing the planned accomplishment. In accordance with the report, the major focus of the cost reduction initiative relies on introducing advanced technologies, improved production techniques, and reconsidering acquisition standards to buy materials. At the same time, failure to consider the impact of cost reduction on the current price competitiveness could lead to unpredictable contingencies following by plan cancellation. Potential problems that a plan can meet, as presented in the report, can be connected to the governmental costs predictions. As it has been mentioned earlier, the difference in methods used by the offices had a major influence on planning production costs. At this point, mixed assumptions occurred regarding the influence of breaks on production, production rates, and historical data used to plan the expenditures. These differences made the Office of the Secretary provide evaluation higher than those provided by the Air Force. The main reason for the discrepancy lied in schedule considerations, cost estimation with regard to the production breaks, and reliance on the different technical characteristics to plan cost reduction. While comparing these preliminary estimations with congressional calculation, the difference in cost estimation amounted to 19 %, which was significant. In this respect, the calculations made by the Air Force were much more appropriate for the congressional costs since the difference is subtle. Judging from these considerations, the choice of an estimate should be associated with the cost limitations. Conclusion In conclusion, the article addresses the problem of estimating future cost reduction initiatives as represented by various bodies –
Although pharmacotherapy is often used for treating different types of psychiatric disorders in children, there are many concerns associated with taking psychotropic medications by young persons. First, the problem is in the fact that rapid development is typical for children’s organisms, and the use of psychotropic drugs can adversely affect successful physical and emotional development. On the other hand, the specifics of children’s neurodevelopment can also influence the effectiveness of the used psychotropic medications (Dutta, 2007, p. 1017). As a result, the dosage of the drug and individual treatment plans should be regularly monitored and revised according to the changes in the children’s response to the used medication. From this point, the social workers’ effective support and the constant monitoring related to treatments are expected. The second main problem is the lack of adequate research in using psychotropic medications for treating disorders in children. This concern is closely associated with a range of ethical issues faced by a specialist who proposes pharmacotherapy for children suffering from psychiatric disorders. While prescribing psychotropic medications, it is important to make the appropriate dose decision to guarantee positive effects and avoid negative side effects (Bentley & Walsh, 2013, p. 156). The lack of research in children makes specialists prescribe the required dose based on the results of studies in adults. In this case, it is difficult to predict processes associated with pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and prevent negative consequences of ineffective doses for children (Dutta, 2007, p. 1017). To decrease the risk of adverse effects of psychotropic medications for young persons, it is important to choose between psychotropic drugs and alternatives in each concrete situation.