ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
As a polemic work, Children of Men can be considered an explicit example of Durkheim’s understanding of the social structure and an implicit example of religion as a contributing factor to the health and continuation of society in general. In fact, this movie reflects on the world in 2027 when humanity does not have the opportunity to give birth to future generations. This essay will, first, describe the scenes in the movie that support Durkheim’s understanding of religion. Next, it will review the scenes that reference religious rituals, values, and objects. Last, this essay will address possible objections to Durkheim’s understanding of religion in Children of Men . Durkheim’s Understanding of Religion in the Movie From the first scenes featuring people who get information about the state of things through the media to later scenes depicting the birth of Kee’s child, the British society lives in an atmosphere of fear and hopelessness. Durkheim’s beliefs are based on the idea that modernization will be associated with the decrease of religion’s influence in the future (Marshall, 2016). In turn, the plot of Children of Men demonstrates the society in 2027 when the entire world faces the problem of infertility under the circumstances of totalitarianism. People do not pay enough attention to religious rituals and values, as they suffer from the inability to have the freedom and healthy life (Cuarón, 2006). As a result, the predictions of the founder of functionalism become a reality. At the same time, the main character, Theo, represents the internal state of the whole population, which has lost the purpose of life. For instance, this person has survived several tragic events, such as a ruined marriage, as well as the death of the baby daughter and parents. Durkheim supported the idea that scientific thinking would be superior in the future, which can be noticed in the movie. For example, Theo serves the functions of a history professor who uses facts and evidence-based information instead of using religious thinking, Thus, the ideas supported by Durkheim are demonstrated in the movie that depicts dystopian visions of Britain in the future.
Abstract A company qualifies to be a monopoly depending on its control over the market. In the contemporary world, many people have embraced technology which has increased the numbers of internet users. This study examines Google as a monopoly in the web search. The company has dominated the market by acquiring more than half of the market share. This leaves its competitors with just less than half to share among themselves. This has tended to boost the company’s control over the market. Introduction Monopoly can be viewed as a situation where one company owns all or nearly all of the market for a certain service or commodity. In most cases, monopolies develop in situations where there are barriers to entry into the market. This may be due to regulations or even the amount required in providing the service or product in the market. Monopolies are characterized by a very low level of competition. This may reduce the social welfare in the society. Discussion Google is one of the largest search engines in the world. Google has been in the industry for quite some time. Currently, the number of users is increasing at an increasingly high rate. This has led to the company acquiring a relative higher fraction of the market. As already noted, a company gains monopolistic power depending on its share in the market of the product or service it provides. Therefore, this growth tends to develop a monopolistic power for the company According to the recent statistics, Google dominates all other search engines in the world. For instance, the company’s share of all the web searches was found to be approximately 64% (Ulanoff, 2007). In addition, this number is growing at a very high rate per year and similarly is the company’s monopolistic power. The company is also said to have the biggest indexed database (Sheu & Carley, not dated). Some of the Google’s close competitors in the industry include Yahoo, Microsoft and Ask.com. Although these companies have a significant number of queries, the demand is too high that Google has developed monopolistic powers due to its large market share. Recently, other search engines have put down some measures to expand their market share. For instance, most of them have spent a significant amount of money in search engine developments. Despite of these efforts applied by the majority of the people, a great number of people still cling on Google as their search engines (Ulanoff, 2007). Google has become an important player in the internet by playing a major role in directing the users. Recently, there is a need to have search neutrality because Google controls a significant part of the market. In United States, Google controls 71% of the market and 90% in Britain (Business Insider, 2009). According to statistics released on June 2010, Google accounted for 72.17 per cent of the total searches conducted in the United States (Experian Hitwise, 2011). This clearly indicates that the company has some kind of monopolistic power from the fraction of the market at its disposal. The company has also dominated
Introduction The present paper focuses on the problem involving Harriet and her best friend, Afeni. Harriet is dying and requires an expensive drug, and Afeni breaks into the drug store and steals the medicine. The rationale behind that action is that she only had half of the required sum, while the store’s owner, Amos, refused to reduce the cost or sell the drug on credit. A deontologist would firmly state that Afeni’s action is morally wrong because it violates a maxim and implies the categorical imperative. Main body A deontological ethical framework assesses actions regarding how they relate to a specific set of rules, drawing no attention to what consequences can arise. Consequently, a person has an obligation to behave appropriately, meaning that an action is considered morally wrong if it violates a commonly accepted rule. Regarding the problem under analysis, Afeni brought the law and stole a drug. In this case, a maxim of “Do not steal” is involved, and this subjective principle reveals the necessary way of behavior. As a result, Afeni violated the maxim, meaning that her action was morally wrong. Deontological ethics also relies on moral law as a categorical imperative that should guide decision-making. Consequently, this information demonstrates that a deontologist would have sufficient reasons to state that Afeni made the wrong action. Conclusion In conclusion, a deontological ethical framework stipulates that actions and decisions should meet the specific rules irrespective of what potential consequences can arise. This approach demonstrates that Afeni’s decision to steal a drug was morally wrong because it violated the maxim of “Do not steal,” irrespective of an attempt to save her friend’s life. Consequently, one can say that deontological ethics focuses on the moral law in the given moment to evaluate an action.
Introduction Coaching can be described as the art of developing the performance, learning and development of another person. It involves unlocking the capabilities of another person in order for him to improve his performance. It bridges the gap between, about performing and performing a certain activity. It is about performing a certain activity through assistance from another person with the experience of that activity who will challenge and offer guidance. It is a continuous operation where the coaches stays with the client, and guides him or her in acquiring new skills and achieves the set goals. It is about achieving goals, and assisting clients on the way of solving problems. It can be described as the structured process management focusing in goals and objectives (Lawson and Miller 57). Developing coaching skills in the work place Coaching is a leadership style where managers motivate employees to achieve their goals. Managers and leaders use coaching technique to motivate workers and generate better performance. Leaders with appropriate coaching skills usually motivate workers which lead to increased productivity. It is a leadership style which suit many workers in different circumstances. Developing coaching skills in the work place involves improving leadership in the organization through talent management and leadership development. There are two different styles of coaching, which can be developed, directive coaching and non-directive coaching styles. Directive coaching focuses on a certain skill for the employee, to be developed into a higher level. This involves developing a specific skill to achieve a specific objective in a certain period of time. For instance, the managers may coach workers on the performance appraisal technique which requires specific skills. After the coaching process, the workers are able to transfer the knowledge to the customers (Lawson and Miller 72). Non directive coaching occurs usually on a daily basis, where employees are informed about rules and regulations by the human resources department. This involves human resource department answering questions raised by the employees. Coaching plays a key role in enhancing the overall employee’s competencies. This helps in achieving the organization’s goals and development of individual knowledge and skill. Coaching helps the employees of an organization to have appositive attitude towards their work, and this leads to achievement targets and objectives. It also helps them to discuss how coaching can be used to achieve overall goals, and objectives of an organization. It helps the managers to establish a training plan for developing skills, and knowledge of the workers in order, to achieve the organization’s objectives. Coaching human resource professionals involve classroom based programs that provide coaching skills for managers and senior executives. Coaching workshops helps in developing coaching skills to the general audience; it may also target internal coaches in the human r
Introduction Description of Lanvin Necklace Lanvin is an international brand that was established in Paris. The house deals with the designing of various jewelry such as necklaces and earrings. Lanvin necklaces are well designed by targeting women as the major market segment. The designing process incorporates a mix of different colors, textures, and patterns. The designing process integrates the use of different colors due to the diversity of customer preferences. In addition, the use of different warm colors enables the customers to easily pair the necklace with other outfits. Lanvin necklaces are made of different materials which enables them to appeal to a large number of customers. Big and chunky beads are primarily used in designing various styles. Some of the materials used include different semiprecious stones such as corals, jasper, and turquoise, and tigers eye. In addition, some precious stones such as gold are also used in designing the Lanvin necklace. Some of the Lanvin necklaces are designed from oversized pearls, metal rings that are similar to precious metals such as brass and copper. These metals are well cut into beautiful segments for designing the necklace. Due to superior design, Lanvin necklaces have managed to include classicism and futurism. In addition, the designs are spectacular and contemporary. This gives a sophisticated to the customers. In the designing process, various shapes are also used either individually or by combination. This enables the necklaces to fit the changes amongst the consumers about changes in lifestyles. Comparison of past and current designs of Lanvin necklace Due to changes in consumer lifestyle, there has been an adjustment in the Lavin necklace design compared to the previous designs. Currently, the necklaces are designed using beads of large size. This is in line with the changes in tastes and preferences where a necklace made of beads of large size is compared to be more fashionable. In addition, there is has been an increase in the number of strands in the current design of the necklace. Previously, only a single strand was used in designing the neckla
Social Security system in United States is a social insurance program that covers the welfare of elderly, survivors and disabled people (Bovbjerg 2). The program is fundamentally funded through a dedicated payroll tax (Walker 13). Due to challenges such as long term funding, reforms are being proposed to the program. Expenses accrued by the program are expected to exceed the revenues at the beginning of 2017. This will be as a result of low ratio of paying workers to retirees, increasing life expectancy and low birth rate (Walker 3). Social Security was launched in 1935; this is the time when the US was in the middle of a significant depression. When the program started, more than half the population of elderly people depended on other people for their livelihood and approximately one-sixth depended on charity (Bovbjerg 21). This program was designed to help the old by ensuring that their future would have sufficient retirement incomes. Four years later, the program was extended to cover dependents and survivors. In 1956, Disability Insurance was included in the program to cover the welfare of the disabled (Walker 3). Reforms intended for Social Security program should preserve the objectives of the program at all costs. The primary goal of social security is ensuring there is sufficient retirement income. The system is funded by workers and it’s aimed at reducing the extent of dependency on welfare. The system is designed so that both contributions and benefits are based on the earnings. Another goal named individual equity ensures that the benefits depend on contributions. The program is designed to balance the objective of income adequacy and equity while the benefit formula ensures adequacy by providing higher benefits (Walker 4). Social Security Reforms are based on the argument that the benefit costs will soon begin to grow rapidly. Cash payments in benefits are likely to exceed revenues in 2017; this will eventually deplete the funds in 2041. With the same breath, projections indicate that the growth of labor is expected to slow down. The fertility rate or the number of children born to women before menopause is falling which create an unstable population (Walker 19). Additionally, participation in labor force by the elderly is expected to fall significantly. It is important to note that discussions about Social Security reforms have been characterized by political interference (Bovbjerg 10). Social Security reforms will change the amount of revenue required to pay the benefits. The revenue requirements finally determine the impacts on federal budget deficits and the public debt. Benefits are compensated in cash without considering the amount of government securities in the trust fund. In a situation where the social security revenues are not adequate to take care of the benefits, the benefits are covered by the trust funds (Walker 20). Labor force is expected to reduce by a third by the year 2025. This means that for each aged, disabled, or s
Executive summery Many organizations strive very hard towards ensuring that their employees are adequately motivated. Humana Insurance is a well performing company that needs to emulate the behaviors of such organizations. Despite its effort in ensuring that its employees’ welfare is well catered for, the company still needs to make some adjustments concerning employees’ motivating factors to emerge the leading organization in addressing the needs of employees. The company has numerous opportunities at hand that can enable it achieve this fundamental goal. The following brief report examines these available opportunities, the past research that has been carried out concerning employee motivation as well as the strengths and weaknesses of such researches. In addition, the report provides an analysis of how Humana Insurance Company can adopt more strategies to improve its business performance and incorporate them in its decision making program to achieve more employee satisfaction than before. Introduction There are several ways of enhancing service quality in an organization. One such way is through having efficiency in employee performance. The effectiveness of the employees can be facilitated through having skilled, experienced and knowledgeable workforce (Bedeian, 1993). Employees gain experience through repeated series of works. Employers prefer retaining personnel because of associated costs of recruiting new staff, for instance the cost of training. The existing employees of an organization too possess the prequisite experience that is needed to enhance the organization’s performance. Therefore, employee retention becomes a priority in an organization. However, employees cannot be retained without first motivating them through meeting their expectations (Lindner, 1998). Subsequently, all organizations are using any method at their disposal to motivate employees and the strategies adopted differ from organization to organization. Humana Insurance needs to initiate such excellent plans that are aimed at motivating its labor force. This can be achieved through provision of several employee benefits, as it will be observed from the following report. Problem Statement There has always been a controversy on whether employee retention can be enhanced by high monthly remunerations without any associated benefits or through offering minimum remunerations and additional basic benefits. There have been rising complaints by many employees with regard to their employers not providing them with adequate benefits that can motivate them in their places of work. The principal cause for many employees to abandon their jobs is due to lack of motivational incentives and other benefits from their employers. That is why poor performing institutions lack adequate measures to motivate their employees and absorb new ones from outside. The opportunities available for Humana Insurance to motivate the Employees Humana Insurance is one of the most successful and good performing insurance companies in the United States. There is need to motivate its employees who have contribu
Introduction Aristippus and Epicurus were Greek philosophers who contributed significantly to the field of philosophy. Their philosophical standings have some similarities and differences as well. This essay carries out a comparison of the lifestyles advocated by Arstippus and Epicurus. Arstippus and Epicurus Aristippus found the Cyrenaic school of philosophy. His philosophy was centered on the end result of an action. The overriding focus of his philosophy was pleasure. He advocated for attaining pleasure at the earliest time possible. He did not believe in postponement especially where pleasure was in question (Soccio, 2009). The pleasures that Aristippus engaged in were significantly of sensual gratification in nature. A significant fraction of them were scorned upon by the society. The reasons he gave for engaging in them were also not viewed to be very prudent either. For instance, after sleeping with a courtesan he argued that it did not make a big difference between staying in a house that had been occupied by many people and one that had not been occupied. He cared less of what the society thought of him as long as he satisfied his craving for pleasure. This made his contemporaries to consider him a slave of pleasure (Soccio, 2009). Epicurus’ philosophy was centered on attaining happiness. He believed that anxiety was the biggest obstacle to attainment of happiness. He reasoned out that anxiety could make any person, whether rich or poor, unhappy. For instance, if a famous person is worried about losing his fame then he no longer remains happy. The same applies to one who is rich if he or she is troubled about losing his or her wealth or is anxious about increasing his or her wealth. To combat anxiety and live happily, Epicurus developed and taught four teachings namely: “Don’t fear god, don’t worry about death; what’s good is easy to get, and what’s terrible is easy to endure” (Inwood & Gerson, 1994, p. 1). Both Aristippus and Epicurus insisted on making oneself happy. They viewed happiness as a good end result of an action. In both cases, they believed in making the present status better as opposed to thinking much about the future. This especially comes out well in the case of Aristippus who believed in satisfying his craving for pleasure in the present as opposed to postponing them to the future. In the same vein of argument, Epicurus was of the opinion that worrying about tomorrow is not worthwhile as it deprives one of his or her happiness. The two philosophers therefore were in agreement that people should not look into tomorrow but should live today in a manner that will bring happiness to them. The biggest difference between the two philosophers was the approach they advocated for attaining
Introduction Marketers have always been concerned with the aspect of consumer behavior. The reason for this is because an in-depth understanding of the feature has numerous benefits to the business experts. Extensive knowledge of the concept allows marketers to determine how customers feel towards a given product. It provides information on how they value and choose goods and services from different manufacturers and suppliers (Mooij, 2010). In addition, marketers are able to find out how end users are influenced by other people around them. The significant others, in this case, include, among others, family members, friends, and salespersons. In addition, the impacts of the environment on the conduct of these consumers are made evident (Solomon, 2006). The term ‘consumer’ has varying definitions. For example, in the field of marketing, the phrase refers to acts and patterns of purchasing and buying. To this end, it is used to refer to pre and post-purchase decisions made by consumers. On their part, Solomon (2006) defines a consumer as a field of study. To this end, it is regarded as the practices involved in the acquisition, use, and disposal of goods, services, and ideas (Solomon, 2006). On its part, consumer behavior is defined as the acts of individuals. The activities are linked to the process of obtaining, utilizing, and discarding monetary goods and services. Extensive research reveals that the behavior of customers is influenced by a wide range of factors. They include social, cultural, psychological, and personal factors. Some of these elements are beyond the control of the marketer. However, in spite of this, business experts must take them into consideration in order to better understand consumers. In this paper, the author will explore the manner in which culture affects consumer behavior. To achieve this objective, the author will examine the issue using the information in a journal article published by Kwon Jung and Ah Keng Kau. The article by Jung and Kau (2004) is titled “Culture’s Influence on Consumer Behavior: Differences among Ethnic Groups in a Multiracial Asian Country”. To provide readers with an in-depth understanding of the topic, the author will use additional information from a number of consumer and marketing journals. The literature will be used to support the findings and conclusions made by Jung and Kau (2004). In addition, the author will refer to Solomon’s textbooks. The Premise of the Article by Jung and Kau (2004) In their article, Jung and Kau (2004) highlight the importance of understanding the influence of culture on consumer behavior. According to scholars, marketers should not ignore these impacts. The rea