ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Transitioning into Kindergarten   * Transferring children to kindergarten: multiple challenges;   * Necessity to adjust to new environment;   * Possible communication issues;   * Need to accept new roles and responsibilities;   * Necessity to use counseling services;   * Transfer program as a solution. Although the importance of transitioning into a kindergarten is often overlooked by parents and educators, it, in fact, incorporates a range of challenges for students (Selmi, ‎Gallagher, ‎& Mora-Flores, 2014). The necessity to transfer to a new mode of communicating with peers and performing tasks can be viewed as one of the primary difficulties for learners to handle. Therefore, it is essential to make the process of introducing students to a new academic setting as smooth as possible. With a coherent Transfer Program, an Elementary School Counselor is one of the key people that can assist kindergarten learners in their process of accepting new academic challenges and adapting to a new environment. Rationale: Difficulties Faced by Learners   * Problems adapting to a new setting;   * Troubles communicating their needs and ideas;   * Inability to accept new responsibilities;   * Fear of failing to meet set standards. The importance of a transfer program aimed at reducing students’ exposure to challenges associated with communication and learning. While the significance of the program is often debated, there are impressive pieces of evidence pointing to the necessity to adopt the identified framework for helping students adjust to a new setting (Selmi et al., 2014). The importance of the Transitional Program for kindergarten students is crucial since a range of learners start attending it at a very young age, when they lack social skills (Dunn, 2014). As a result, developing crucial communication skills and the ability to socialize often becomes increasingly hard for learners (Selmi et al., 2014). Herein the significance of the Transitional Program lies. It allows students to develop the ability to communicate their ideas. Role as a School Counselor in Transition Program Making   * Mediating the conversation between a student and a teacher;   * Mediating the communication between a teacher and the student’s parents;   * Assisting a student in building a dialogue with peers;   * Shaping the curriculum to relieve the transferring student of the pressure. As a School Counselor (SC), one should consider assisting transitional students to feel more comfortable in a new environment. For this purpose, an SC must serve as the mediator between a child and a teacher, as well as a child and their peers. Thus, a coherent framework for introducing students to a new environment will be built. Communication
Sexism can be defined as discriminating, stereotyping, or prejudicing an individual based on gender. It is intended to portray that one gender, usually the male, is superior to the other. This way, the opposite sex (usually the female) is seen as less superior and thus cannot participate in some responsibilities. These activities include politics, senior management in corporations, heavy engineering demands, and even some social life issues. In many societies, men have been believed to be superior. This trend has been transferred from generation to another, even in religious circles. This perception has often relegated women to play second fiddle in both family and public life. Even women themselves perceive that they cannot beat men out there in a fair contest. Therefore, either gender exhibits this character. Misogyny is a hatred or dislike of females. This is exhibited by men. This phenomenon has been the major cause for women not ascending to high positions of power the world over to become presidents, prime ministers, vice presidents, deputy prime ministers, or any form of power in governments. They are always considered weak to handle the daily pressure demanded by these high offices. In 2008, the presidential elections of the United States of America helped us put this case into perspective. Both in the runners up to Democratic Party nomination of the presidential candidate, a woman was in the ticket, Hillary Clinton. She was the main challenger to Barrack Obama. In the run-up to the presidential election, the Republican Party had Sarah Palin as the vice-presidential nominee (Knowles 23). The presidential nominee was John McCain in the Republican Party. In the run-up to her nomination, media was awash with speculation of the possibility of either Tim Pawlenty, who was the then Governor of Minnesota, or Mitt Romney who was a former Massachusetts’s governor, but in the end, it was Sarah Palin, who was the then governor of Alaska State, who got the nomination (Pettigrew, Thomas and Whittington 71). The media were believed, to have contributed to the dismal performance of the Republican ticket from the campaigns in the run-up to the election, including the results. It was estimated that 49% to 32% among unaffiliated voters believed the media tried to hurt Palin at unwarranted levels based on her gender, especially as the year 2008, she made a lot of headlines on matters of her family life which sometimes should remain at best as private matters. Her second-born daughter, Bristol, became pregnant as a teenager barely, out of hig
The Ida B. Wells video dwells upon social and economical segregation of African Americans in the United States in the late nineteenth century. The video describes horrors of lynching and tells a story about a woman who had the courage to reveal the truth to the rest of the world and to struggle against racial segregation. Wells was born in Holly Springs (Mississippi) in 1862 to a family of former slaves (Ida B. Wells Part One). Obviously, she witnessed the injustice that African Americans had to face. She started her teaching career at one of local schools. However, she was dismissed soon after she wrote about poor conditions of students. After she was fired she started writing about the life (or rather hardships) of African Americans. She visited different places in the county and revealed different cases of injustice. In 1892 she found out about the case of lynching. Three African American males who ran a business were lynched in Memphis. Wells knew those people personally. This case made her start a struggle against lynching. She wrote about numerous cases of lynching, she told the whole truth about segregation. It is important to note that she advised African Americans to pack up and leave the places where they were not wanted (Ida B. Wells Part Two). In fact, this was a very wise decision as Blacks obtained a chance to start a new life while Whites faced economical problems due to the lack of workforce. Apart from giving some pieces of advice to African Americans, Wells started a campaign against lynching. She created certain houses where young African Americans (especially women) coming to Chicago could live until they found their feet (Ida B. Wells Part Three). This kind of support was essential for many people. Of course, Wells wrote articles, she gave speeches. She even travelled to England to make her speeches. She managed to make people worldwide aware of the horrors of lynching. Due to her writings and speeches, people of England (and the rest of the world) condemned Americans involved in lynching. It is important to note that all her articles were well-grounded. Whenever she heard of some cases of injustice, she went there and checked all the details. She went to jails if necessary, just to find out the whole truth. Obviously, one of her most important writings is “The Red Record” based on a three-year research. She revealed precise figures (the number of murders) which were provided in white newspapers, so no one could accuse her of being biased. Professor Calderon also mentions that Wells played a very important role in the struggle against lynching and racial segregation. Calderon also provides a description of African Americans’ life at that period, which she called “pseudo slavery”. “Pseudo slavery” is not proper slavery as people are claimed to be equal, though in reality African Americans could not use their rights. Calderon states that even though equality was proclaimed “African Americans throughout the South were second class citizens” (4). There were many examples that “pseudo slavery” existed. For instance, many states enacted laws which deprived African Americans from the right to vote. Grandfather Clause stated
Introduction The New Zealand Medical Association is of the view that “the medico-legal environment in New Zealand is a hostile one and constitutes a deterrent to good medical practice “( Medico legal peril 2002). The NZMA follows a neutral justice strategy towards both its peers and patients. It usually has an environment focusing on discipline and complaints rather than patient care and quality improvement. It thus resulted in an unhealthy situation and “the “blame-shame culture” acts as a disincentive to quality initiatives, early detection and reporting of medical error.” ( Medico legal peril 2002). We can analyze the present situation of New Zealand Medical Association by looking into the pros and cons of this environment. New Zealand Medical Association This is one of the pan professional medical organizations in New Zealand. It was formed in 1886 and after ten years it was affiliated to British Medical Association. The structure of the organization is Chairman at the top, board members, president, and standing committees. The members are medical professionals including specialists, general practitioners, doctors-in-training and medical students. The NZMA has a code of ethics which should be complied with by its members. “The NZMA aims to provide leadership of the medical profession, and promote:   * professional unity and values   * the health of New Zealanders The key roles of the NZMA are   * to provide advocacy on behalf of doctors and their patients   * to provide support and services to members and their practices   * to publish and maintain the Code of Ethics for the profession   * to publish the New Zealand Medical Journal.” ( About NZMA 2004). It plays a vital role in medico political issues and h
Customer Segment 1: Young E-Cigarette Users Younger people are among the most prominent population categories that engage in vaping. They are attracted to the proposition that e-cigarettes are less harmful than their traditional counterparts and their relatively lower costs. Manufacturers also try to adjust their products to suit the tastes of this population segment with flavored cartridges. They alter the taste and smell of the smoke and attract people who may not like the feeling of tobacco. To a young person who has rarely smoked before and dislikes the feeling of smoking cigarettes while enjoying the effects of nicotine, an e-cigarette will often sound highly appealing. As a result, it becomes easy for them to vape excessively and ultimately become addicted without realizing it. Once they know that the problem exists, they can benefit from measures aimed at helping them overcome their addiction. While a variety of behavioral therapies and medications has been implemented to help patients quit smoking tobacco products, these approaches may not be suitable for younger audiences. Moreover, their costs can be prohibitive, rendering the customer segment unable or unwilling to pay for them. As such, they require a different therapeutic approach that addresses their specific concerns without incurring high costs. They may be particularly interested in the part of the pitch that involves treatments free of charge. Due to the particular concerns associated with vaping, such as the mistaken perception that it is not associated with the same issues as smoking, this customer segment would also benefit from improved information availability. While this customer group is likely to be the largest in terms of numbers, its profitability may be relatively low. As mentioned above, the author expects them to be cost-conscious, looking for the lowest prices. This tendency may lead them to rely on therapy, particularly if it is free of charge, and refuse to purchase beneficial medication. Nevertheless, the segment’s size makes it likely that the centers will be able to generate substantial revenue by serving it. As such, it will be the primary target population for the center network, and most of its services will target them. Value Proposition 1: Affordable and Customized Services The centers will appeal to young people through their informational services and the therapies that they provide for the treatment of vaping addiction. The former will be designed to appeal to younger audiences and spread using effective modern channels, such as social media. They will highlight the dangers of vaping addiction and the inaccuracies that e-cigarette manufacturers use in their marketing. The therapies will be selected and adjusted for the target segment, ensuring that the members feel welcomed and recover suc
Introduction It is necessary to mention that the role of the Internet and social media in marketing has been increasing over the last few years. Many professionals in the area have focused on the development of approaches that would help to maximize the profits. Worldwide Beverage Innovations is a company that was selected in this case. The company is specialized in the development and promotion of unique drinks, and it is quite profitable at the moment. However, its strategy has several weaknesses that must be addressed. The development of a promotional campaign that would utilize a social media platform would be highly beneficial. Peer-reviewed journals and the literature on this subject matter will be examined to ensure that proposed solutions are justified and are based on evidence. Selection It would be appropriate to develop a new flavor of the beverage, and focus on the product during all stages of the campaign. One of the primary reasons this selection is reasonable is that it would help to attract current and past customers at the same time. The individuals that have tried the drink in the past may be interested in what the firm has to offer. It is hard to argue with the fact that new products make clients excited, and it is reasonable to focus on the design of the bottle and overall presentation. Also, it will be rather colorful to ensure that it captures the attention of users that see the posts via Instagram. Another reason that needs to be mentioned is that the standard flavors are already well-known and liked by customers, and it is an outstanding opportunity to establish the reputation of a new drink. Purpose The primary goal of the campaign is to increase the level of interest in a particular product, and the company overall. The products have gained enormous popularity. However, the problem is that the client base is rather stable, and opportunities for expansion are not explored. The firm is trying to expand in other regions, and this marketing strategy should help to facilitate the development. The primary target market is young people in the age group from 21 to 30. The product is aimed at individuals that like to engage in a variety of activities and value their leisure time. Their attitude towards this type of drinks is mostly positive, and they prefer such aspects as quality and taste the most. Customers demonstrate various kinds of behavior, but a significant percentage is loyal to the brand and makes purchases quite often. One of the needs that the Instagram will help to address is that many clients would like to influence the opinions of their friends regarding this product. Furthermore, they will have an opportunity to share the photos and show that the beverage is popular among many consumers. The approach is reasonable because one of the studies has shown that social factors play a critical role when it comes to buying intentions (Gunawan & Huarng, 2015). Contest The competition will focus on original and unique pictures that would include a new product. Only one entry from an account
Introduction Many would not dispute the fact that ethics is the study of what is acceptable and immoral, right and wrong, or with pragmatic duty and accountability. Business ethics is concerned with decisions made by business leaders about what is right and wrong. Some may well utilize various sources, such as holy books or one’s conscience, to figure out the truth and what is positive or negative, and excellent or indecent. People’s actions and advice, including those of our parents, friends, role models, and otherwise members of our churches, clubs, and associations, are another source of ethical guidance. For the majority of experts, there are codes of ethics that outline acceptable behavior. The Amber’s Incident The incident includes the story of Amber Davis, who had not found an occupation when she graduated. Even though her grades did not indicate her knowledge, she was considerably bright. Amber had found only several stimulating academic pursuits as she thoroughly enjoyed school, various physical activities, and spending time with her friends. The president of one of the manufacturing firms, Bill Garbo, has proposed Amber a position in his firm. In light of the aforementioned, he did this due to the reason that Amber’s father, who was supplying Bill’s company, sincerely described his daughter’s dilemma. According to professional ethics, all executives, even those from various castes, religions, socioeconomic backgrounds, gender, and so on, must be treated equally and given equal opportunities to develop and grow within the organization. Therefore, each employee would be assigned an equal amount of work and accountabilities, and they would be required to complete the work and obligations to the company. Nevertheless, Mr. Garbo has already endorsed Amber Davis for the position without even properly interviewing her. This situation demonstrates that her employment was solely to obtain tenders and supplies from Mr. Davis’ company. Amber may have been sluggish, but she was much beyond stupidity. Undoubtedly, she realized that Bill had hired her expecting his intentions to lead to further profits from her father’s company. Moreover, she was evading her duties, “when a difficult job was assigned to Amber, she normally got one of the other employees to do it” (Martocchio & Mondy, 2019, p. 48). Nonetheless, Amber’s failure to perform her legitimate expectations in the company and her insistence on having others do her work demonstrates that others were not treated equally. Regarding the fact that Amber is competent at her assignment and that it would be unsuitable for the company manager to fire her, it would be prudent to remind her of her unethical behavior. Further
Introduction The benefits to society by the introduction of new medical technologies have been considerable. For example, the introduction of vaccines and antibiotics has significantly improved the well-being of people all over the globe. The science of stem cell treatments, potentially as or more significant than these other innovations, is beginning a new stage of exploration and growth that could be the forerunner of unprecedented cures and therapies. The present enthusiasm over prospective stem cell-produced remedies radiates from the new innovations of genetic biology. Though one cannot forecast the results from basic research, there is enough information available to suggest that a good deal of this enthusiasm is justified. Main text The moral dilemma that surrounds the prohibition of aborted fetuses is the idea of abortion itself. Why would pro-lifers want to witness what they believe is a living being tossed away in vain? At least its ‘life’ could have meant something to humanity in a very real way. In 1999 alone, more than 850,000 abortions were performed in the U.S. (Elam-Evans et al, 2002). Whatever moral or political position, the fact is, all these fetuses could have served advance scientific and medical knowledge in immeasurable ways. Abortion laws vary state by state but the vast majority allow for abortions to be performed at least through the second trimester, 24 weeks into the pregnancy. This limitation was derived from the neurological point of view, which conforms to our society’s distinctness for the death as the absence of a cerebral EEG (electroencephalogram) pattern. This same definition must therefore also define life as there are no alternatives to these two options. The presence of the EEG pattern of a fetus can be detected approximately 27 weeks into the pregnancy. An embryo is referred to as a fetus at about seven to eight weeks following fertilization. At about four to five weeks, embryonic germ cells, about 2 mm long, are developing (Morowitz & Trefil, 1992). More than half of European countries and others around the world such as Japan allow for embryonic stem cell research in various degrees. Australia followed the UK in allowing the use of tissue from aborted fetuses, with the parent’s consent, for scientific experimentation. “Here in Australia we would be allowed to use it [aborted fetus for embryonic research]. There would be no impediment to that” (Robotham & Smith, 2002). According to Health-Day, a daily news service reporting on consumer health, Swiss physicians at the University of Lausanne discovered that a two-and-a-half-inch piece of skin from a fetus, which was aborted at 14 weeks, provided several million grafts that were used to treat burn victims. The study also found that skin cells from an aborted fetus healed burns faster than standard grafts. Patrick Hohlfeld, the prime author of the study said “the use of fetal skin has tremendous potential because taking just one skin graft gives you the potential to treat thousands of people” (Strode, 2005). Scientists provide the valid argument that embryos can
Female terrorism and psychological factors   * Male and female terrorists vary in socio-psychological backgrounds;   * Galvin (1983) states that terrorism is a male-dominated activity and relates to struggling for power;   * Feminine characters do not inhibit female adaptations to the more brutal terrorism roles and activities;   * Since people do not expect any violent act from a woman, as they consider them non-violent, fragile and victim-like, female terrorists come as a surprise;   * From the psychological perspective, male and female terrorists differ in their socio-psychological backgrounds such as motives, connections and objectives of the violence;   * As Galvin demonstrated, terrorism is a male-dominated activity and is closely related to struggle for power. However, women destroy their female nature and resort to terrorism;   * Female terrorist deal with every sort of terrorism activity and feminism does not hinder them from performing dangerous and risky tasks associated with terrorism;   * As women are considered non-violent and fragile, female terrorism comes as a surprise to many as little harm is expected from female creatures;   * Women are frequently used for sexual purposes although terrorist groups banns love affairs;   * As the nature of terrorism is masculine, terrorism group destructs female self-esteem;   * God-like positions held by male leaders attracts female terrorists and constructs their female terrorist identity;   * As stated by O’ Rourke (2009, p. 681), same motives and circumstances drive both male and female attackers;   * Gender wise, terrorist groups propose equal treatment to both men and women. Even though women are used as sex pets, terrorist groups ban love affairs;   * Self-esteem among women within terrorist groups is relatively lowered since terrorism is regard as being masculine;   * Males hold key positions in terrorist groups. Charismatic and God-like male leaders have attracted women to join terrorist groups in search for identity;   * O’ Rourke carried a research that shows that the same motives drive both male and female attackers. Female terrorism and sociological factors   * Research by Martha Crenshaw (2004, pg. 410-412) shows that personality factors and gender differences do not