ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Organizations the world over face the challenging task of integrating multiple data sources in their quest to meaningfully and expeditiously exchange information among separately developed information systems architecture (Rosenthal & Seligman, 2001). In their attempt to give users access to multiple data sources, these organizations must deal with a multiplicity of potential data integration issues in addition to settling the huge costs associated with initial implementation and continued maintenance of the data architecture (Tolk & Aaron, 2010). The present paper describes potential data integration issues for American Express. There exist difficulties in integrating legacy applications into the main data architecture owing to the fact that many legacy applications rely on old or incompatible technology to store data (Tolk & Aaron, 2010). Owing to its nature of operations and world-wide links, it would be plausible for American Express to convert legacy data to a “web format” using available applications (e.g., XML) and then integrate the data into company-wide Internet or Intranet infrastructure for effortless authoring, reclamation, updating and redistribution (Goethals, 2008). For example, advertising and sales domain legacy data that may be important in determining the effectiveness of specific advertisements for the American Express company may be integrated into the information architect’s design by employing a tailor-made schema crosswalk or data warehouse to the converted data to enhance interoperability. Potential data security issues may include how the company go about developing a privacy framework for data integration that is flexible and clear to end-users, how to develop schema matching solutions that safeguard the source data as well as schemas, and how to match entities and consolidate information about them across sources without necessarily revealing the sources or the real-world origin of the entities (Goethals, 2008). In the advanced analytics domain, for example, the architect’s design systems may utilize access control or a set of privacy views under the privacy framework and have them coded in a declarative language extending SQL to prevent exposure of techniques used to identify thresholds for fraudulent activities that may be perpetuated by employees, customers or competitors. In data implication, a major issue is how the architect would apply the suitable data federation and analytic strategies to multitudes of disparate data sources, with the view to extracting utilizable insights that could assist the company make better business and operational decisions (Rosenthal & Seligman, 2001). In the accounts domain, for example, the architect may need to integrate customer feedback data with customer support information and firm’s performance, to extract value and competitive advantage from vast
In his appeals for civil defiance, Henry Thoreau once emphasized that the greatest regime is one that rules the least. Similarly, in his dystopian work named Fahrenheit 451 , Ray Bradbury paints injustice in a world where the government enforces harsh regulations to “defend” the society (Bradbury, 2011). The book describes a community where opinions are censored and the splendor of life is horrific and influenced by the state-run operatives. Further, any fictional effort in this place is outlawed and stimulates unwarranted disputes (Bradbury, 2011). Such is the situation represented in the novel to sensitize the public through a full narrative of the consequences of suppression. The author dislikes the unjust system and cautions the people about the effects of the regressive clampdown. Through various characters, he meticulously passes his objective to the audience. Whereas the novel focuses on Guy Montag, the protagonist, his wife, Mildred, remains a significant individual as presented in the analysis. First, Mildred is one of the key people who appear to have little optimism in solving her conflicts. Her attempts to commit suicide depict that she was in agony. She is deeply fascinated with television as a way to avert confronting her life. The woman is strongly obsessed with trends in technology, as Bradbury states, “His wife in the TV parlor paused long enough from reading her script to glance up” (Bradbury, 2011). Further, her fascination with trendy technology results in the exploitation of her husband. Nonetheless, her feelings get buried deep inside and she even appears not to recognize her previous suicide attempts. Mildred is a terrifying character since the audience would anticipate knowing Guy’s wife very closely, but she stays wholly unreadable, distant, and cold. Furthermore, her betrayal of Guy is far graver than Beatty’s because after all, she is his wife. The author also portrays Mildred as a human-like shell, devoid of any earnest emotional, spiritual, or intellectual substance. Surprisingly, her only passionate attachment is devotion to the people she watches in soap opera films. Second, at the start of the book, Mildred consumes over 30 pills that almost threatened her life. In the mix of events, her husband comes to the rescue, but she insists the situation is a pure accident. Moreover, the plumbers who handle her stomach reveal that they routinely manage such cases, suggesting continuous engagement in suicidal acts. Contrary to her husband, Mildred distances herself from any form of knowledge or even admission of unhappiness. The husband fancies himself into two perspectives to handle the guilt that knowledge carries, while Mildred conceals herself to uphold her obliviousness. When the effects of her
Introduction The purpose of this thesis will be to focus on Genghis Khan and the making of the modern world. Genghis Khan was the founder and ruler of the Mongol Empire in Mongolia. Genghis Khan came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes that were established in the Northeastern parts of Asia. Once he established the Mongol Empire he changed his name from Borjigin Temujin to Genghis Khan after which he began Mongol invasions that would result in the invasion of Eurasia. Temujin or Genghis Khan was born in 1162 to his parents Yesukhei and Hoelun near Burkhan Khaldun Mountain that was situated near the Onon Kherlen Rivers. During his early years, central Asia was divided into several tribes which were the Merkits, Uyghurs, Tatatrs, Keraits, Mongols and the Naimans. These tribes were hostile to each other as evidenced by the various tribal pillages that took place during that time. Genghis Khan rose to power by positioning himself as an ally to these tribes by becoming an important asset to his father’s brother known as Toghrul. Toghrul was the Khan of the Kerait tribe a position which was given to him by the Jin Empire in 1197. The relationship between Genghis Khan and Toghrul was reinforced further when Genghis’ wife, Borte was captured by the Merkits. Toghrul helped Genghis to retrieve his wife by offering him 20,000 Kerait warriors. Genghis’ campaign was successful and he was able to recapture his wife as well as defeat the Merkits tribe. Genghis Khan orchestrated many invasions and conquests in Mongolia and in the northeastern parts of Asia. The main opponents of the Mongol Empire were the Naiman tribe located in the western part of Mongolia, the Merkits who were found in the northern part of Mongolia, the Tanguts found in the south and the Jin, Tatars found in the eastern parts of Mongolia Toghrul had a son Senggum who was jealous of Genghis Khan’s achievements and growing power in Mongolia. He attempted to kill Temujin by involving his father Toghrul on his intentions. Temujin learned of Senggum’s plans to kill him which gave him the advantage to defeat Senggum and Toghrul’s Kerait tribe. After the fall of the Kerait tribe, the Naiman tribe became the next threat to the Mongol Empire. By the year 1206, Temujin had conquered and united the Merkit tribe, the Mongols, Keraits, Naimans and the Uyghurs. Temujin acquired his name during a Kurultai which was known as a council of Mongol chiefs. The council of chiefs inferred to him the name Genghis Khan after the unification of the various Mongol tribes. Genghis Khan’s various military conquests include the conquering of the western Xia Dynasty in 1209, the Jin Dynasty in 1211, the Kara-Khitan Khanate Empire in 1218, the Khwarezmian Empire in 1220. Genghis’ religion was speculated by most historians to be Tengriism which was also referred to as Shamanism. He consulted Buddhist monks and Christian missionaries during the course of his leadership. The religions practiced in most of the Mongol Empire were Buddhism, Christianity, Shamanists
Investigators are people whose career is specialised around the domain of crime; he therefore assembles data and relevant information about a specific crime in order to determine the accuracy and truth behind the information after which the analyzed information is forwarded to the judicial system, individuals or businesses. Thus they can work in a wide range of fields ranging from legal, financial to matters that are personal in nature. Therefore apart from criminal investigations they can also investigate civil matters for instance, insurance and fraud matters. For one to become an investigator, there are several requirement that he/ she must have. First of all, there are no formal education requirements for a majority of the investigator jobs but all should possess a post high school degree in addition due to the diverse demands of the work it is usually advisable for one to have undertaken classes in criminal justice and relevant criminology studies however it is not mandatory (Cranston 1995). From the above mentioned qualifications of an investigator there are several qualifications that should be cross checked with what qualifies as a profession. However there are some criteria that are stipulated down which provides the guideline on what constitutes a profession or not. For a career or any job to become a professional it must be vocational and requires specialised training and education to the people involved. Traditionally, people have considered a profession to be any career that requires a person to have a degree in the relevant field. In addition one has to have adequate practical and literary proficiency in addition to the academic qualifications (Desty 1887). In addition the job should not be general or cover a wide range of divergent services but should be highly specialized making the professionals experts in their field that the practice. The work should also consist of high morals, motivation and ethics by a person towards the professional while putting the interests of the people or clients first while at their service, therefore there should be no bias or malice while serving the community. It is therefore vital that one has accredited academic qualifications which are highly specialised for instance doctors attend medical schools and attain a degree in medicine and so they become professionals in the medical field, the same case applies to lawyers who attend law school to specialise in law thus becoming professional lawyers (Hazard & Dondi 2005). Additionally, there are stipulated codes of conducts that are laid down by various professional bodies that govern how the professionals who practice under it must behave in their line of business as well as the repercussions a member of the professional body who breaks the code of ethics has to face which may include penalties such as suspensions, fine
Introduction The ISIS crisis is in its fourth year despite several efforts by the international community for reconciliation. The group has expanded its operations beyond Syria and Iraq. Despite several efforts by international community to stop the military campaigns of ISIS, its influence in the Middle Eastern region seems to be growing at an alarming rate. In the last three years, ISIS has managed to capture more than ten strategic towns in Iraq and almost a quarter of Syria (Akerlof and Chaney 381). Besides, the group has formed series of collisions with other ethnic war groups. As estimated by the UN report on the operations of ISIS in the Middle East, the group runs on a budget of more than three million dollars annually. Most of revenues are from oil field they have managed to capture from the government and private companies (Basham and Preble 152). Besides, the group has a cartel that collects forceful taxes from the locals. In addition, the group operates a successful racketeering unit that collects ransom from a series of kidnappings that target foreigners. Literature review Known as ad-Dawlat al-Islāmiyah fī al-ʿIrāq wa sh-Shām, the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) is an extremist group that is organized with military precision in organizing violent campaigns in a bid to take control of Syria and Iraq (Calabresi 35). Despite having been in active operations for less than a decade, ISIS has become a serious global threat to security and human rights. At present, the group has active operational units in Syria, Iraq, Libya, and Lebanon. Besides, the group has expanded into West Africa, some parts of Egypt, and South Asia following declaration of allegiance to ISIS by vigilante Islamic outfits that operate in these regions (Carapico 382). According to Chaney (2012), “the United Nations has held ISIL responsible for human rights abuses and war crimes, and Amnesty International has reported ethnic cleansing by the group on a historic scale” (Chaney 379). ISIS became a stronger power and a threat to the international community through taking advantage of power vacuum in Syria and Iraq since these countries has experienced conflicts, which have lasted for more than two decades (Basham and Preble 154). Due to bad governance, grand corruption, and tribalism, several ethnic military vigilantes were formed to fight for the interests of each ethnic group. In the process of the prolonged conflict, ISIS was able to marshal force enough to organize successful military campaigns against government forces (Hamid 132). Apparently, a “UN report estimated a total of 15,000 fighters from over 80 countries in ISIS rank as of November 2014. US intelligence estimated an increase to around 20,000 foreign fighters in February 2015, including 3,400 from Western countries” (Moore 24). According to Grappo (2012), ISIS targets young Muslims in its military recruitment based on radical Islamic teachings (Grappo 133). Since the group had good propagandists and radical Islamic teachers, it has managed to expand as more young men accept the ideol
Engineering communication Article One There was a big explosion on 21 st April, 2011 at the Deepwater Horizon oil platform that is located at the Gulf of Mexico. The drilling of oil in the Gulf of Mexico is done by British Petroleum (BP). The explosion in the oil mine at the Gulf of Mexico triggered a huge fire that resulted to millions of gallons of oil being spilled into the Gulf Sea. The spillage of the oil in the sea raised a lot of concern from various groups. Moreover the spillage was the oil triggered blames among various factions. The spillage of oil resulted to adverse effects to the nearby marine life. Therefore, ecological engineers were required to offer solutions on how the oil spillage can be effectively managed in order to control the spreading of the adverse ecological effects of the marine life. The author of the article emphasized the importance of addressing the ecological issues that were threatened by oil spillage at the Gulf of Mexico. The oil spillage resulted to propagation of marshes significantly which affected the surrounding beaches negatively. The pollution of the beaches can result to great degradation of the beaches which can trigger negative consequences to the tourist activities along the affected beaches. Therefore, there was an urgent need for the implementation of appropriate strategies by ecological engineers in order to leverage the ecological effects of the oil spillage. One effective method for managing the oil spillage aftermath was the use of Self-designing ecosystem approach. Article Two The spillage of oil in the sea can have great negative impacts to marine life living in the affected water. The oil spillage in the sea can result to the death of sea animals as well as plants that thrive in the water because of the dangerous chemicals that are contained in the oil. The author proposes collaboration of efforts from physicists, biologist as well as those who have specialized in chemistry. This collaboration of experts will help to come up with appropriate solutions that will effectively help to manage the menace created by the oil spillage. Putting dispersants on the water surface is a good move in the management of the oil spillage. The dispersers will help to facilitate about 50-98% breaking up of the spilled oil. The breaking down of the oil into smaller droplets will enable the metabolism of the oil into harmless components. Article Three Hazard Forum was founded in order to offer an interdisciplinary perspective for the study of disasters. The author claims that the Hazard Forum is beneficial in the management of engineering disasters. The forum have played an important role in its mission of enlightening the public about risk, while at the same time pursuing its work on the assessment of hazardous events, dissemination of lessons learned as well as backing of risk reduction strategies. The Forum believes that decisions as well as deliberations processes that concern the evaluation and managem
Introduction The global economy is becoming integrated due to globalization, which has been spurred by diverse changes. Technological change originating from extensive investment research and development is one of the core drivers of globalization. Organizations are shifting from mass-production manufacturing processes by integrating knowledge-based production systems (Baltzan, Detlor & Welsh, 2012). Similarly, the emergence of electronic commerce (e-commerce) has revolutionized business transactions significantly. It is projected that investment in digital communication technologies will stimulate the growth of e-commerce. Businesses will experience new opportunities that can improve their operational efficiency if exploited optimally. One of the business areas in which e-commerce has revolutionized involves contracting. Contracts constitute a fundamental component in business operations as they formalize transactions between a business and its clients. Businesses are gradually adopting e-commerce concepts, for example online selling, in an effort to align their operations with the prevailing changes. Most businesses are experiencing steady growth in the number of e-commerce transactions. In a bid to improve the efficacy of their e-commerce transactions, it is imperative for organizations to incorporate the concept of e-contracting, which entails a contract that is designed and executive via a software platform. E-contracting increases the commitment of all the parties involved in e-commerce to execute their respective roles satisfactorily (Hill, 2003). However, e-contracting is relatively challenging as opposed to traditional methods of contracting. Additionally, e-contracting is associated with a wide array of challenges. Thus, it is essential for firms intending to benefit from e-commerce to understand the prevailing e-contracting challenges in order to implement the optimal measures. This research paper evaluates the various challenges or problems that organizations might experience in their e-contracting processes. The paper intends to provide insight on the areas that businesses and relevant stakeholders should address in order to promote the development of e-commerce. Discussion The objective of e-contracts is to ensure that organizations involved in e-commerce, for example business-to-business transactions, adhere to the outlined stipulations. However, the two parties involved in e-commerce transactions may experience diverse challenges during the contract deployment process. Some of the challenges that organizations should consider in implementing the concept of e-commerce are evaluated in this paper. Negotiation and enforcement challenges One of the major challenges that might hinder the effectiveness of e-contracting relates to negotiation. Before entering any contract, it is essential for the parties involved to engage
Technology is an important factor in the medical fraternity. Moreover, the high rate of technological change has brought many measures in the field of medicine. One sector that has been affected by technology is obstetrics and gynecology in which ultrasound imaging plays an important role. Ultrasound employs the use of sounds to create an image depicting the development inside the body. The ultrasound scanner sends the sound waves into the body and when the sound bounces back, the sound produces an image on the computer screen. This is amplified by the use of the 3D/4D ultrasound that can amass volume of echoes, store it digitally and shade producing images of fetus and adds an element of movement. Thus, this enables the activity and state of the fetus to be easily analyzed. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the benefits of 3D/4D ultrasound imaging in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The technology of ultrasound has played an important diagnostic role in the field of obstetrics because it employs sound waves to form images replacing ionizing methods e.g. x-ray to receive the same information. It has replaced the 2D that has been in place for a long time that showed white and black, grainy and flat images that require an expert to interpret the given results. However, the introduction of the 3D ultrasound added depth dimensions that made the photographic image clearer, and the image is easily interpreted by the untrained eye. The inclusion of the 4D ultrasound ensures capturing of movement of the given fetus (DeVore & Platt, 2004). Thus, the use of 3D and 4D ultrasound has made it cheaper for the information to be achieved and at the same time reduces the time that the results will be obtained (return time). The 3D and 4D volume sonography usually provides useful diagnostic information for evaluation by gynecologists especially in the uterine duplication anomalies and evaluation of the uterine cavity. Utilization of the 3D and 4D ultrasound in the assessment of the fetal anomalies predicts prenatal characteriz