ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The Movie “GLORY 1989” is the first movie in the United States that explains the nation’s civil war. The movie makes use of fiction devices to pass its information and this makes it to be interesting to the audience compared to the other films focusing on the civil war. In my opinion, the movie is an ensemble piece that gives more information on the time of the civil war as well as the circumstances that led to the war. It, however, does not concentrate on the personalities of the characters and the characters only serve to demonstrate a glorious time in America’s history, a role they play with constant conviction. I love the way the movie begins. It starts in an interesting manner with local citizens dressed in costumes that are alike, clean, and well pressed. The film opens with a charge at Antietam where the faces of the characters appear to be charmingly smudged as if done by a volunteer artist. It unfolds in a series of brilliantly recognized vignettes following the 54th organization and I find it interesting that it idiosyncrasies of the characters emerge at this point. The character, searles, who is an intellectual, makes the movie colorful. He is a black man in his youth and it is quite surprising how he makes sleeping with his glasses on. The fact that the film keeps its focus short is amusing. One of the movie’s least efficient sequences is traditionally true. For instance, the movie talks of an incursion to the village of South Carolina whereby, Shaw, the village head, is ordered by one of the officers to command his people to destroy and burn all the buildings in the village. I could not resist watching the movie since it is at this point that it adds a little raping to the series and quickly becomes more hilarious and melodramatic. I feel like the Fort Wagner attack is the climax of the film. This part of the film cannot be compared to any other film have ever watched on screen. At this point, the film clearly illustrates the chaos and violence that were specific to the civil war scuffle. It is surprising the way weapons maimed during murder and how the Territorial Army was behaved up to the extent that they marched in straight lines into the scenes of weapons shot at a direct distance. The movie talks of enormous tolls being taken in each combat. It is interesting that despite these vast tolls, the men continued to proceed and trusted their actions. Though the civil war involved much killing and suffering, it was a time of unlimited optimism for many American citizens. The Movie “GLORY 1989” is good, interesting, and complicated. I love the fact that though it is a
Introduction Word-of-mouth is the principal means by which an individual’s or organization’s reputation is spread. Opinion seekers will arguably depend on opinion leaders so as to attain their set objectives. Negative word-of-mouth travels faster as compared to positive word of mouth. Word of mouth conveys the central meaning of a product from one individual to the other. They talk things that are of mutual interest and some people tend to listen more than others. Word-of-mouth is viewed to be the best way in signaling customers’ value across the world. Since word-of-mouth is powered by the clients, champion clients spreading your reputation can exaggerate and expand your faults or virtues. Discussion Opinion leaders are the key figure in word-of-mouth communication. The opinion leaders include groups such as “product enthusiasts”, “market mavens” and “influentials” (Sernovitz, 2006). Thus, a stronger bond between opinion seeker and opinion leader implies that the opinion seeker will most likely operate on the recommendations given by the opinion leader. Opinion seekers are very instrumental to the opinion leaders as far as achieving their objectives is concerned. As William & John (2004) observes where opinion leaders are spreading negative word-of-mouth about marketers’ product, they (marketers) should higher a committed representative in the social media who can carry out reputation management through screening the chat on the Web and reacting to each and every concern as efficiently as possible. This can either be done internally or handled by a consultant. ReadWriteWeb contains great review of tools (free and paid) that marketers can use to screen their online reputation, including Trackur, Google Alerts and Naymz. Due to the reason that negative comments on most visited review sites, blogs, social networks as well as forums can be ranked top 10 in the marketer’s organization, it becomes easier for clients to get this information in the organization. Although marketers cannot beg, demand or bribe search engines so as to remove these negative comments from their indexes – marketers can always join the conversation themselves and speak to the concerned customer directly (Sernovitz, 2006). In addition, marketers can get in touch with websites owners and negotiate modification or removal of such content. Of course some will co-operate, while others will not. Some will go to an extent of asking for money. Marketers might think that wiping out the negative comments is the ideal move, but they ought to remember that the community is watching them. Marketers can boast about their dedication to customer service in their marketing, but unless given an opportunity to demonstrate their service, it’s all propagand
The existence of human race largely depends on the fact that the civilization is transitioning to an advanced, globalized society – a process the future of which remain unclear. Throughout globalization or modernity, society has experienced significant sociological transformations that helped with the changes. However, several issues emerge in the attempt to discover these sociological transformations that have co-evolved with modernism. The first one is the break from the pre-modern social epochs, influenced by capitalism, technology, culture, and individualism. The second one is the lack of a historical teleology and a foreseeable modernity destination. Another aspect that can be emphasized is the postulation of sociological theories informed by the interrelationship between globalization and sociology. Throughout history, modernity forces have influenced globalization; however, a review of six authors’ arguments on sociology and modernity raises questions regarding sociology’s role in globalization and man’s role in the process. Sociology and social theories co-evolved with modernity and continue to assist in defining and explaining globalization scientifically. From a sociological aspect, modernity can be defined as a civilization epoch similar to the Greco-Roman antiquity. Having emerged in the West over two centuries ago, modernity now dominates every society but a few uncontacted tribes. In its evolution, modernity has depended on sociology to explain events and the influence of culture, individualism, and technology on the process. However, amid the rapid sociological changes, many people are ignorant of modernity and its influence on humanity. These events include developing new political and economic organiz
Introduction Attitudes can be described as narrow when they mirror positive or negative assessment of an entity and wide ranging when they comprise principles with the character of assessment (Schuman, Charlotte, Lawrence & Maria, 1997). Either way, they can be positive and accommodating or negative and stand-offish. White people generally hold varying attitudes towards immigrants and pro-immigrant policies, that is, policies that favour immigration. Pessimists feel that immigrants should not benefit from pro-immigrant policies for various reasons. They are of the opinion that immigrants seize career opportunities from American born citizens, the state uses up a lot of money aiding them and that their presence leads to escalation of delinquency and law-breaking. Optimists on the other hand have entirely different views. They believe that immigrants contribute to advancement in America by coming up with fresh initiatives, enhancing their culture and are beneficial to Americas economy in general. They further express that officially authorized immigrants who are not American citizens should be given similar rights and freedoms to those of citizens and that children of non-citizens who are born in America should have the right to citizenship. These attitudes and subsequent opinions are shaped mainly by core networks (a person’s contacts), group threat from immigrants or intergroup contact with immigrants. They are further influenced by race, education level, age and religion of members of the core networks. Core Networks Core networks focus on particular people and those with whom they socialize. It is believed that a person’s opinion is often shaped by the opinion of their friends and acquaintances (Friedkin, 1990). This is because a friend is someone you trust, open up to, compel, aspire to please and who enlightens you when you are shaping your opinion on people of different races and ethnic backgrounds and the government procedures that affect them (Friedkin 1990). In a community setting, white peoples’ opinions on immigrants are influenced by the total number of people from other races, how learned the occupants of the community are, the period for which they have been acquainted and how close they are. Ordinarily, in a community with many people, close associates reduce hence the likelihood of being compelled to be consistent with the accepted communal tendencies dwindles. This raises the probability of encountering recent facts and knowledge concerning a wide range of topics. Core networks however, tend to consist of people of similar ethnicity hence diminishing the possibility of encountering recent knowledge. This is due to the fact that people of the same ethn
My experience with television programming has changed over time. Since I was of age, television programs have come and gone. However, while some television programs have had short-lived impacts, others have remained influential for a number of decades. An example of a television program that has had a major impact on my life is the “Oprah Winfrey Show.” Oprah Winfrey is the personality behind the “Oprah Winfrey Show,” and I have been observing her since I was very young. Consequently, I consider Oprah to be one of the most intriguing people in my past and current communities. Oprah Winfrey has run a talk show for over three decades, and she has been a television personality for a longer duration. Since I first became familiar with Oprah Winfrey, I have witnessed her undergo and engineer incredible transformations. Oprah is also considered as one of the most influential women in the world. Her position as an African American of great influence is not in doubt. Personally, I have known and have been observing Oprah Winfrey for the last fifteen years. Over the course of that period, Oprah has done things that have prompted me to rethink my earlier understanding of the human race. This paper is about Oprah Winfrey, the outstanding talk show host, philanthropist, and businesswoman. One of the most intriguing factors about Oprah is her humble background. Unlike most of the people in her position of influence, Oprah shares a remarkably poor background. Oprah was born in 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi. Oprah’s mother was a single teenager at the time of her birth. As a child, Oprah changed residences a number of times when she was living with her mother, grandmother, and father. Oprah also confesses to having been abused when she was a teenager. Another remarkable fact about Oprah is that of all her guardians, only her grandmother encouraged her to develop her natural abilities as an orator. However, her natural gifts still flourished even under unfavorable environments. After digging through her past, I found that Oprah’s breakthrough came when she revived a morning talk show in Chicago’s “WLS-TV.” After her stint as a morning show host, Oprah gained momentum to achieve the influence she had by the time I became acquainted with her in the late 1990s. When I first started watching the “Oprah Winfrey Show,” I was only a teenager, and I found the show to be quite irritating. During that time, my mother would religiously watch the show, and I had no option but to do the same. At first, I could not understand how, as a respectable talk show host Oprah would be more emotional than her guests or her audience. During the show, Oprah would often breakdown in tears or break into emotional chants of condemnation. My mother often told me that I would one day understand the concept of the show. However, I have spent fifteen years observing Oprah, and I am yet to become one of her ‘diehard’ fans. From the onset, I was skeptical about Oprah’s show because I found the host’s
Introduction The concept of Just War has many definitions; however, both Islam and Christianity agree that just war is based on the duty not to harm others even though in some circumstances doing good to one group of people may involve doing harm to another group. Jihad is the war led for the sake of Islam and means the armed struggle against unbelievers. The conversion of Constantine has laid the foundation of revolutionary change in Christian attitudes towards war. Just war became the answer to the question of how to maintain the commandment against killing and at the same time defend believers from violence. Jihad in Classical Islam Jihad is based on the belief that there is one single state Islamic state and Muslims have the duty to expand the territory of the state and bring as many people under the rule of Islam as possible. Ideally, the classic Islam demands that every believer fights against unbelievers until the whole earth is under the rule of Islam. In addition, Jihad requires every free man to participate in armed fighting if the land is attacked by the enemy. Islam justifies fighting if the unbeliever rejected the offer to converse to Islam. The most important function of Jihad is that it motivates (requires) the Muslims to participate in wars against followers of other religions (Christians and Jews, in particular). Fighting is referred to as the fulfillment of the religious duty by every Muslim. Notably, it was believed that those who died on the battlefield went directly to Paradise. Jihad also serves another function: to set the rules of governing relations with enemies. If the political unity was collapsed, the two Muslim states were allowed to be at war with each other. Thus, Jihad is not merely the war against the unbeliever, it is the war aimed at protecting Islam and the unity of Muslim states. The interpretation of Classic Islamic Jihad in the modern world is changed. It involves the belief that fighting against unbelievers can be conditional based upon their aggression. Thus, living in peace with a non-Islamic state is encouraged until the need to defend the territory emerges. In addition to a description of Jihad in classic books of Islam, the radical opposition called Jihad evolved with the aim to spread Islam. Nevertheless, Islamic law does not recognize radical Jihad, and revolt is allowed only in rare circumstances. Just War
An Analysis of the Project’s Structure and Management An effective project structure ensures that all the processes in the project are well defined and understood and that all parties involved with the project understand what is required of them (American Society of Civil Engineers 2012, p.18). The failure of the West Gate Project was a result of poor project management procedures at all levels of the project. The significant problems identified include: Poor Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) LYCA failed to subdivide the project activities in a manner that is clear to all the contract parties. The Authority failed to specify what was required from each party, and how they could interact with each other as well as with the client. JHC, one of the main contractors, was responsible for erecting the steelwork but was under no legal liability for failures that may result from their work. As JHC had no experience with a project of this magnitude, the main consultant, FF&P, had to carry out most of the supervision responsibilities in erecting the structure, as they were legally liable for any structural failures (Victoria, West Gate Bridge Royal Commission 1971, p.41). Poor Distribution of Information All successful projects require an exchange of information and feedback between the contractual parties (Moore & Dainty 2001, p.560). The communication network in the West Gate project was very ineffective. Each contractor sought to carry out their tasks without communicating with their counterparts. WFC had initially complied with the time and quality requirements of the project but over time began falling behind. This problem resulted due to poor communication between the company and the consultant engineers, FF&P (Charrett 2009, p.22). FF&P delayed before providing relevant documents, and at other times failed to respond to queries by WFC. This weakened the working relationships between members of these teams, causing a breakdown in the project management processes. Unclear contract terms concerning the responsibilities of Parties involved In the project, there was no clear separation of duties between the contractor and the engineer. The contract failed to outline the roles of the JHC engineers and the FF&P staff, leading to confusion that ultimately proved catastrophic. FF&P was responsible for erecting the structure but was not legally liable (Victoria, West Gate Bridge Royal Commission 1971, p.41). JHC on the other hand were legally liable for failures but was not responsible for erecting the structure. To protect their interest, JHC had to supervise work carried out by FF&P staff although this was not part of their job mandate. A poor relationship between the C
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) is a state in which a person intakes an increased amount of oxygen as a consequence of active exercise. During the EPOC state, the body consumes a higher amount of oxygen in order to adapt to the performed exercise and return to the resting state. Such an objective is achieved by using lactate to restore muscle glycogen, reducing body temperatures, and restoring oxygen levels. The EPOC occurs during the recovery after the steady state of the exercise. The EPOC may be characterized by a gradual decline in oxygen consumption and hence a gradual decrease in heartbeat rates. It may be divided into two components called fast and slow or alactacid component and lactacid component. A significant decrease in heart rate may be seen from 13 to 15 and 24 to 26-minute marks. These periods may represent the recovery state and hence correspond with EPOC. Oxygen Deficit Oxygen deficit occurs during the early stages of exercise when the consumption of oxygen by the body exceeds its intake. Oxygen deficit forces the body to recover oxygen levels by increasing intake. Consequently, during the early stages of the exercise, the heart rate is rapidly growing. However, the body is not able to provide a timely response to rapid physical activity. Therefore, there is a gap between the peak performance during exercise and peak oxygen consumption. Moreover, oxygen deficit is considered to form ‘oxygen debt,’ which causes excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Oxygen deficit also continues during the steady state and is stabilized during recovery. As already mentioned, a rapid increase in oxygen consumption is a distinctive feature of oxygen deficit. Higher oxygen intake causes a higher heart rate, which may be seen on the graph. Oxygen deficit occurs from the beginning of the exercises to the 13-minute mark. It occurs again after a short recovery at approximately 17 minutes and continues for seven minutes. It may be determined by a rapid increase of physical exertion followed by an increase in heart rate. Steady State A steady state is a condition during the exercise in which the amount of consumed energy equals provided energy. During that state, the heart rate is high enough to transport sufficient amounts of oxygen to meet the metabolic demands. Consequently, cardiac output peaks during the steady state of the exercise, and the body stabilizes metabolic processes. Working muscles require more resources to conduct the activity properly, and hence the cardiac system needs to pump more oxygen-containing blood (Jones et al., 2019). As a consequence, heart rate is high, yet it is relatively stable due to reached energy balance. The steady state precedes recovery and takes place between 11 and 13 minutes. It occurs once more at 17 minutes and lasts for approximately 6 minutes. The steady state may be identified by a relatively high yet stable heart rate. Onset of Blood Lactate Accumulation The onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) is a level of intensity of exercise that causes lactate production to exceed its c
Scott Russell Sander is the author of the essay Under the Influence and many more other books. He is an essayist and novelist and in addition to that, he has been a lecturer at Indiana University since the year 1971 specializing in English. Sander’s works mainly examine the relationship between geography and culture, a search of social justice, the place of humans in nature, and the pursuit of spiritual life. In his essay Under the Influence, Sander recalls his childhood life, how he grew up with an alcoholic father. He states that alcohol was more of disease on his father than disappointment (Robert 2011). Sander illustrates how alcohol affected the entire family from his mother, brother, sister to those who surrounded them. He, however, blamed himself for all the miseries that the father underwent; there are many instances when he felt that he drove his father to heavy drinking. People who live with alcoholics always have a terrible life; there is do not experience a good life. Alcohol not only destroys the family name but it ruins it especially if the victim is the breadwinner. Someone under the alcoholic influence is pathetic, deceitful, and frightening; it is, however, important that families involved looking for a solution to help an alcoholic. This paper seeks to illustrate the influence alcohol has on a person and the effects it has on the family involved based on the essay Under the Influence. Anyone reading this essay Under the Influence will know a hard time that Sanders’s family went through due to alcoholism. They had to deal with the father’s addiction to alcohol. Those who live in a family where there are alcohol addicts will clearly understand what Sander went through as a teenager. They can end up comparing their situation to that of the Sanders family. This is because they have a clear knowledge of how an alcoholic behaves while intoxicated. Alcoholic people are hard to deal with just like Sander stated : “my father, when drunk, was neither funny nor honest; he was pathetic, frightening, deceitful and so playful and competent and kind when sober (Robert 2011) .” This clearly shows the character of someone who is under the influence of alcohol; they lose touch with everything and everyone and that is why they frighten people, they become deceitful and pathetic. They normally cannot do anything right while under the influence of alcohol. It seems like alcoholics are possessed by the demons just like Sander expressed in the essay concerning his father. It is hard to see the person you love and look up to drown in alcohol. It not only hurts, but it’s also disappointing. Sander used to cry during the day and he got some beatings from the father at night when he came home really drunk. This just shows how pathetic his father was when he was drunk but when he was not under the influence of alcohol, he was kind and playful meaning that he was a good person i