ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The introduction: Angela Ogunjimi’s article The article I want to discuss is written by Angela Ogunjimi. The most important point is related to the interdependence between workplace diversity and increased productivity. Ogunjimi says that “Diversity can help and hurt productivity. The difference depends on how well your organization strategically uses your diverse workforce” (p. 1). So, in my opinion, productivity depends upon numerous factors, including the relationships of the employees and their level of cooperation. I would like to consider the points in detail. The thesis statement Workplace diversity influences the organization’s success. The factors which impact the productivity of the company are related to the employees’ interactions and their ability to coexist, resolve various contradictions, and take numerous decisions. The body: the importance of conflicts in workplace diversity/ team project performance improvement Numerous differences between the employees who work in the same organization are related to workplace diversity. The term is mostly associated with different race, age, gender, education, and many other signs. “Diversity not only involves how people perceive themselves but how they perceive others. Those perceptions affect their interactions” (Josh Greenberg, p. 1). Susan Woods (2010) is of the opinion that, “We know that greater diversity in the workplace increases the risk of misunderstanding and conflict” (p. 1). However, it is necessary to point out that conflicts in the organizations between the employees are not as destructive as most people think. The difficulty of conflicts “comes because perceptions of justice and injustice, fair and unfair, insult and respect are not understood through a shared perspective” (Susan Woods, 2010, p. 1). The resolution of conflict improves the employees’ relations with each other. Of course, the improvement of relations depends upon the way which was used to resolve some contradictions. If the members of the team come to an agreement their productivity will increase. “Effective intervention to increase or decrease conflict requires action to influence attitudes, behaviors, and structures grounded inaccurate diagnosis (Brown, 1977, p. 327). Barton H. Hamilton, Jack A. Nickerson, and Hideo Owan (2004) are of the opinion that “Consequently, the impact of diversity on productivity is identified by relatively marginal changes in the composition of a team that may already have set routines and communication patterns” (p. 30). Generally, while speaking about team project performance improvement, it’s necessary to understand that there are stages of team development, which determine the success of the project. These stages consist of forming, storming, norming, and performing. The members of Monash University (2011) state that forming includes “understanding personal expectations and interests, clarifying accountability” (p. 1); storming
Introduction Armstrong and Michael define marketing as “the process of performing market research, selling products and/or services to customers and promoting them via advertising to further enhance sells” (23). It is aimed at increasing sells, enhancing business communication and promoting business developments. It is also the process through which businesses develop and strengthen their relationship with customers. A proper marketing plan must be able to identify the target market and understand how to satisfy their needs. Online marketing has offered the best avenue so far for businesses to reach bigger masses at a minimized cost. The avenue also offers a more timely exchange of information and feedback between businesses and its customers. There are five basic principles of online marketing. They are dead-ends, trust, niche marketing, giving and selling and push and pull. The Hawaii Pacific University marketing plan Hawaii Pacific University is a private non-profit university administering academic wealth to over 8,200 students. It has been accredited by different nationally recognized groups and has received several accolades for academic excellence. This marketing plan is aimed at helping Hawaii Pacific University to recruit more new students. The university’s mission is to anticipate the changing needs of the community and prepare its students to fit into the global societies as they live, work and offer their participation there. The university’s target market is anyone with intentions of furthering their education past the high school level. It offers undergraduate and graduate programs to students from all the 50 states of America and more than 100 countries. SWOT analysis The universities strengths and opportunities make it a favorable place for anyone intending to pursue their studies past the high school level. It was established in 1965, giving it more years of experience than many other colleges in the region. It has been accredited by the relevant authorities and has membership from internationally recognized groups (Hawaii Pacific University 1). The university’s curriculum is recognized globally allowing the university to admit students from different international destinations. The international recognition also means that its graduates are recognized globally and can work effectively in the global markets. Other than the fact that the university has too many options to choose from, the university has been able to elimi
Both Christianity and Islam religions agree on some fundamental points regarding the appearance of mankind upon the face of the planet. This is that man, together with every other living creature (plants and animals), were all formed or better yet, created by an all powerful and intelligent life force. Apart from the similar ancestry in the patriarchal geneology of the two texts, not much else is linkable between them. There is a completely different approach to doctrine, practices and belief systems between the two religions. An example that this paper will seek to cite in order to highlight this particular point is the account of creation as depicted in both the Bible and Quran. Our focus will be concentrated on the first chapter of the first book of the Bible, namely Genesis, and the first surah (chapter) of the Quran. First we will explore the similarities as depicted within the writings of the two texts after which we will take an in-depth analysis into the main differences that stand out in regard to the same texts as well. Between the biblical and Koranic accounts of creation, several similarities can be spotted. For one and most obvious is the existence of a holy and supernatural entity. Whether it is Allah according to Islamic teaching, or just God as per Christian doctrine, both agree on this existence of an omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent deity who continually shapes the destiny of man and has done so since the beginning of time: And when thy Lord said to the angels, ‘I am setting in the earth a viceroy.’ (Quran 2:30); Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, in our likeness, and let them rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all the earth, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” (Genesis 1:26). This clearly shows that both the Quran and the Bible agree on the point that man was infact created a higher being of intelligence. The similarities do not only end here, there is something else that both the texts conclude to, that man was established and given dominion over the earth. The Quran says that God or Allah sought to setup a viceroy over the earth, while the Bible agrees with the same sentiments illustrating in the above cited text that the man whom he wished to create was to ‘reign over all creation’. Again both accounts reveal that when God was creating the man whom He intended to set up as Lord over all living creation, He was not alone. The Bible clearly quotes God, the Creator as consulting with a second party on creation, He said ‘Let us…’ (Genesis 1:26). The Quran is more specific telling us whom He was actually speaking with or to, it quotes that He as God told the angels – celestial beings – that His intentions were keen on establishing a race on the earth that were in one way or another to assume the responsibilities of God while on earth, exactly what was established in the Christian Bible. Furthermore, we note that both accounts depict that God and the angels or whoever the second
There are many political scientists, theorists, and economists, who have already made considerable contributions to the field of political economy and improved understanding of different political movements and theories. Joseph Alois Schumpeter remains to be one of the most prominent and conservative American economists with Australian roots, who discussed the peculiarities of economic science, analyzed the problems of entrepreneurship, and developed new socio-economic systems in the 20 th century.[ 1 ] In fact, the role of Joseph Schumpeter in the world of political economy is crucial and cannot be neglected as this economist offered a new vision of the theory of economic development, underlined the role of innovations in entrepreneurship, and created a solid basis for the improvement of the existing economic policies that are still used in the modern-day political economy. In this paper, the evolution of the thoughts and approaches developed by Schumpeter in the 20 th century will be given to explain how and why Schumpeter identified entrepreneurship as a crucial economic aspect and used innovations as the main contribution to economics. Besides, the comparison of Schumpeter’s ideas with the ideas of another political theorist such as John Keynes should help to understand why Schumpeter chose another way of thinking and focused on new aspects of the political economy. Joseph Alois Schumpeter was one of the economists, who understood his role and impact on the development of the political economy. He did not try to hide his desire to share his opinions, and he wanted to leave as much material as possible for his followers and supporters. At the same time, he did not intend to write a lot about himself and his life. It is hard to find some primary sources about the life of this economist. Therefore, the investigations of other writers help to read some extracts from the original Schumpeter’s writing. In one of his letters to Steward Morgan, he shared several facts from his early life: I am an Austrian by birth, born in 1883 in a village called Triesch in what was then a province of the Austro-Hungarian Empire… I was educated in Vienna, and following up an impulse which very early asserted itself, I then traveled about for a few years studying economics from various standpoints and began to give lectures on Economic Theory at the University of Vienna in 1909, in which year I also was appointed to a chair of Economics in Czernowitz… I was called to the University of Graz in 1911, and in 1913-141 acted as what was called an exchange professor at Columbia University…[ 2 ] Such rich experience and the fact that it was his personal desire to connect his life with economics proved that Schumpeter was one of the best examples of how passionate and devoted to the chosen field a person could be. Joseph Schumpeter was involved in numerous discussions about entrepreneurship and its development in terms of capitalism. He tried to explain that it was not enough to use inventions. It was not important to understand how entrepreneurs’ innovations could influence the world of econom
Introduction The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir is one of the most revolutionary and provocative attempts to discuss the role of women in society and understand it through the prism of gender relationships. The author underlines that it is wrong to divide people and their opportunities regarding their gender and says that a woman, as well as a man, is a human being (Beauvoir 24). The relationships between men and women vary, and one of the factors that may determine both genders is love. Beauvoir identifies several crucial pathologies of love. Though there are no clear definitions of what the pathology of love is, her discussion helps to realize that such concepts as jealousy, domination, marriage, sadism, persuasion, and shyness play an important role in the emotional development of men and women. In this paper, jealousy and domination will be discussed and interpreted as the pathologies of love to comprehend if they differ between men and women and if there are some social institutions that may be used to mitigate the development of these concepts. Love and the Reasons for Its Pathologies Love of men and love of women are characterized by different purposes and outcomes in human life. According to Beauvoir, it may be courtly, guilty, platonic, sexual, or free. Still, the list of epithets that may be appropriate for this word is long indeed, and the author introduces the only appropriate and correct opinion that love does not have the same meaning for both genders (773). Women usually compare love to total devotion “with soul and body, without any consideration or reserve,” and men find it necessary to be as fast as possible from such presupposition of love (Beauvoir 773). Love is unpredictable and all-consuming. Love is so frequent and expected in human lives that people are usually challenged by the necessity to understand its meaning and fail to use it in a proper way. In a short period of time, love turns from the happiest and most helpful emotions into a disease that has to be investigated and treated. The pathologies of love destroy all positive attitudes and effects. Though not all behaviors are pathologic, and many cases of human relationships are still normal and understandable, love cannot hold enough space in feminine life, as many people used to think (Beauvoir 775). Love may be replaced by husband satisfaction, children’s well-being, social life, career, or personal pleasure. Such replacement and the inability to understand when such change has actually occurred cause multiple misunderstandings and conflicts. The pathologies of love gain different forms and cause the reactions for which people are not always ready. Pathological Jealousy in Men and Women Jealousy is an integral part of human relationships that cannot be completely understood or avoided despite numerous attempts to predict and mitigate it. Jealousy is defined as a feeling of fear of losing something or someone. People are not always ready to give up and share w
Nowadays, the spread of diabetes across the globe is on the march. Sitting lifestyle, obesity, and the aging of the population contribute to this health problem. While there is no cure for diabetes, methods to improve patients’ quality of life have been elaborated and implemented. However, in cases when a patient has diabetes and dementia simultaneously, it may be difficult for them to do all the necessary procedures. Healthcare services should provide additional care to such patients. This paper hypothesizes that a patient-centered strategy should be implemented to promote health in patients with diabetes and dementia. First of all, it is necessary to determine the significance of health problems to health status. To do this, the implications of age, gender, and ethnicity should be thoroughly considered. Research shows that Afro-Americans and Latinos are most at risk of developing diabetes of the second type (Marseglia et al., 2019). The risk indicators are slightly lower for American Indians and Alaska natives though both these groups have a higher predisposition to diabetes than white people. Gender does not play a significant role in disease development: both men and women have an equal chance of getting the disease. With age, the predisposition to diabetes grows, and older people are more likely to suffer from diabetes. It has been established that diabetes may provoke the development of dementia in older age groups. The incidence of dementia in diabetes-related groups is 50% higher than in people who do not suffer from the disease. Dementia is an age-related disease that is predominant in the women population. Studies show that ethnic factors do not play any role in dementia development. The mortality rate of patients with dementia and diabetes varies depending on their care. The cost of care is relatively high since these patients need day-to daycare provided by nurses and other health specialists. The population of focus for this study will be Afro-American women aged between sixty and ninety who have diabetes of the second type and dementia or are likely to develop dementia in the future. The geographical area where prevention strategies will be implemented will be Georgia since this state has a high percent of the Afro-American population. Health teaching principles lie at the core of the successful implementation of any strategy. First of all, the readiness to learn should be measured. By asking questions about the patient’s view on the health problem and possible ways that they may take to improve their quality of life, one can assess the patient’s readiness to learn. There are several stages through which a patient changes his behavior, from ignorance of t
Alcohol, being a legal beverage, has become an integral part of people’s lifestyles and communication in particular. Any celebrations or recreational events are now difficult to imagine without alcohol, as this beverage is believed to help people relax and feel more comfortable in society. When used responsibly, alcoholic drinks do not cause any serious harm to the human body. However, people who violate responsible consumption often become alcohol dependent. Such an issue is quite serious due to both legal and economic availability of the drug, as the price for alcohol is relatively low if to compare with other drugs. According to Levinthal (2014), higher taxes on alcohol could potentially lead to lower consumption rates. On the other hand, such governmental reactions could also commence illegal, tax-free alcohol production. Hence, would a significant increase in price restrain people from alcohol consumption, or would people, on the contrary, continue to poison themselves with cheap but illegally produced beverages? Reference Levinthal, C. F. (2014). Drugs, behavior, and modern society . London, UK: Pearson Education.
People become so-called technophobes because they are afraid of the rapid changes that technology brings to their lives. The human brain can barely handle uncertainty and unpredictability: this is why many suffer from anxiety and imagine worst-case scenarios if something does not go as planned. For instance, many people think that the fast development of artificial intelligence might go awry. Humankind might be able to manage AI only to a certain extent. There might come the day when this creation will revolt and gain control over resources at its disposal. Others are opposed to technology because they fear that it will substitute for them in their workplace. Automatization is already facilitating many processes and requires fewer employees to operate the equipment. Technophobes assume that they will whether be laid off by the company or will have to commit to continuous learning, which to many people, is a big challenge on its own. Lastly, some people have a certain distaste for technology that replaces face-to-face communication. According to them, while the world becomes more interconnected, people grow more detached and prefer screen time to quality time with their friends and families. One of the most effective strategies in overcoming resistance toward new technology is gradual exposure. People need to learn to deal with the fear of the unknown by becoming familiar with the objects that trigger these feelings. However, merely using new technology might be not enough: a person should realize how advantageous and enjoyable it might be to use hardware and software. For instance, telecommunication tools might aid an individual both in his or her professional and personal life. Various software such as planners and messengers will let a person get on with their day and stay in contact with more ease. Second, a person might need to accept the reality of the ever-changin
Introduction Orientalism is an academic concept that is frequently used in different cultural studies, art history, and even politics to introduce and explain the peculiarities of life in the Middle East, known as the Orient, from Western perspectives. Said defines the Orient not as adjacent to Europe, but as a place where the greatest and richest European colonies are located and become the root of the oldest civilizations and cultures (1). The examination of the historical and political views supported by Eastern representatives is not an easy task, especially when it is necessary to consider the cultural aspects of the case. Besides, it is hard for people to comprehend the importance of Orientalism in cases where they know only a little or even nothing about the Arab culture and the world, full of contradictions and beliefs. Said explains his intentions to investigate Orientalism as a necessity in comparing his attitudes on and knowledge of the Arab world with the ideas and thoughts developed by famous people, artists, publishers, and philosophers and find the approval of such immediate development of the discussions on the Middle East in the media (“Edward Said on Orientalism”). To succeed in his achievements and explanations, Said introduces several qualifications proving that the Orient, in comparison to Orientalism, is not only an idea but a reality that makes people think and act (5). The development of the Orient as a region with its cultures, ideas, and histories is based on power and domination inherent to its neighbors (Said 5). Finally, Said issues a call to accept Orientalism as a reality with its own weak and strong points to eliminate all myths and lies that could bother people. Orientalism Is Not a Reality but an Idea Many current Orientalism debates are based on Said’s book, whose main idea is the representation of the East by the West in terms of domination, power, and rules that have to be followed. The peculiar feature of this book is its author’s fearlessness and ability to identify the weaknesses of the East and the delusions of the West. The author does not want to take one position and support it on every page of his book. His interest in Middle Eastern culture and history is caused by the necessity to comprehend an unexpected power of the East and its possibility to influence events in the whole world (“Edward Said on Orientalism”). It is not enough to learn the history of the Middle East or have direct personal experience with such countries as India, Egypt, or Syria. It is necessary to compare what people think about the Middle East and clarify the reasons why such approaches and understandings are chosen. However, even the opinions and attitudes of Western representatives on the Orient and its development can vary considerably. Therefore, it is suggested to consider Orientalism not as a reality that has a beginning and an ending, but as an idea that could be spread throughout all parts of the world and combine the att