ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The issues cyber-security has to tackle on a daily basis are numerous as they are determined by the variety of channels through which harm can be done. The present work deals with the issue of DDoS attacks and builds a case on one of the well-known IT companies to single out the problem, the immediate solutions and preventive practices, and the lessons learned from the experience. Background Deutsche Telecom Deutsche Telecom (German Telecom) is a communications organization with the headquarters in Bohn. Created on the aftermath of the Deutsche Bundespost privatization two decades ago, it currently has the country’s Government as a direct and indirect stockholder of 31.8% 1 . A major Internet service provider, the company has experienced organizational structure reshuffles in 2005 and 2008, merging and separating from assorted strategic telecommunications units. By 2012, the company had several subsidiaries abroad and a 50-50% joint venture with a UK-based network operator Orange. Because the Internet and related communications are a part of the country’s infrastructure, a deterrence of these communications would result in a serious infrastructure distortion and economic damage to both the company and the customers. At Deutsche Telecom, they pride themselves on transparent, customer-oriented policies and try to safeguard the customers’ security by sharing knowledge and research evidence. DoS and DDoS attacks As the name implies, a Denial-of-service (DoS) attack is the incident of malicious hackers trying to close access to a web resource 2 . DoS attacks can be conducted in different ways, the most common of which is overloading the service. The attackers saturate the service with communication requests rendering the system non-responsive to traffic. A more massive attack involves a network of malicious users targeting a bandwidth of services. Such an attack is called a Distributed DoS or DDoS. Some of the common targets of DDoS attacks are governments, financial establishments, and electronic commerce institutions. They can be carried out for political and ideological purposes, as well competitive damping and expulsion from the market. In the case of Deutsche Telecom, however, the actors of the attack or their purposes were unknown 3 . Problem The attack on Deutsche Telecom’s reverse Domain Name System (DNS) commenced on September 3rd, 2012, at about 4 p.m. The DNS was out but the attack was promptly mitigated within an hour and a half. DDoS defense tools were facilitated, and the DNS was functioning again. By 6 p.m., the attackers have already modified the packet structure to override the company’s defense. This is when the DNS went out of function the second time. The attack was again countered by a reconfigured set of defense tools. The saturation ceased by midnight only to restart on September 5th. This time, the DNS remained in function because the defense tools were still up. The third attack wave happened in the eve
Introduction The world of business is one that is highly dynamic. Competition is growing rapidly each day and every organization is trying the best it can to maintain its customers, acquire more customers and keep making profits. The concept of organization development (OD) has become one of high importance. Organization development can be defined as the deliberate actions that are taken by organizational leaders and managers with the aim of making the organization more effective and efficient. This is a body of knowledge that can be used to improve the performance of any organization. In addition, OD can enable the development of human beings. An organization is made of various departments and sections that make up a complex system. The system is part of a larger system that comprises of the external environment. In this regard, there must be strategic plans, organization design, as well as proper change management procedures for proper organization development to happen (Brown, 2011). Leadership is crucial for successful organizational development. Sound leadership steers organizational growth and helps the entire organization remain focused. Maintenance of work-life balance among employees is equally important. OD is seen as a human resource management field that has been growing over the last couple of years. Organization development is said to have developed from behavioral and social sciences. It is notable that those who practice organizational development in various organizations adopt a humanistic approach to successfully manage change and ensure that organizational performance is sustained at a high level (Brown, 2011). It is pertinent to have skills that can help in pointing out challenges and opportunities in the quest for organizational development. In addition, appropriate action should be taken in order to correct the identified problems. There are many alternatives to problems, but the best option has to be selected. Finally, one needs to learn how the organizational development knowledge can be applied to situations that occur in an organization. This research paper explains how the above outcomes can be applied in order to achieve organizational objectives, as well as personal goals. “ Diagnostic skills to identify OD issues, problems, and opportunities” Problem solving is one of the most important activities in any organization. An organization must have leaders who can solve any problems that have the ability to deter it from achieving its objectives for it to succeed. There is need to have kn
Introduction Performance measurement has been described as a key tool in the achievement of TQM (Total Quality Management) in all types of organizations. The traditional approach to performance measurement has been focused on the examination of financial performance of an organization. This has mainly focused on a performance indicator that is available through changes in either profits or losses. However, researchers who work in this area indicate that cost accounting information does not avail a complete bundle of information to support quality journeys. This is because they do not consider a contingent of issues, such as improvements, seen by the customer. Furthermore, they focus on the examination of a stakeholder from the view of an investor or shareholder. This has presented a number of challenges for non-profit organizations with the main aim to serve a specific segment of the society. Furthermore, performance is best measured through an examination of all perspectives of an organization. Regardless of the industry, organizations have the responsibility to come up with strategies that make it easy for customers to not only know about their goods and services, but also have the desire to provide assistance with them (Armstrong, 2007). This feat is not easy to accomplish because of challenges businesses have to face. There is the issue of stiff competition from other businesses in the same industry, economic problems that hinder the customers’ willingness to buy some products, and the presence of several distractions, which have the potential to come in between the customer and the company’s products. These are just some of the challenges that managers have to deal with in their bid to reach out to the intended audience. Need For Performance Measurement Many organizations in the today’s business world recognize that there is the need to capture a complete picture of organizational performance. This has led to the incorporation of a whole cocktail of performance measurement tools in attempts to capture their organizations’ performances. It is within this perspective that the need to institute effective performance measurement mechanisms has attracted a host of organizations and researchers. General understanding is tha
Introduction The use of taxis and private car hire services has been gaining prominence in the United Kingdom (UK). The services have been enabling individuals to commute easily to various destinations. This is evident since the services play a crucial role in the nation’s local transportation system by providing quality services to visitors and local residence. However, there has been an increasing need for the development of viable guidelines to streamline operations in the sector. This is critical in ensuring that the taxi and car hire firms operate under minimum quality standards. The idea is to facilitate safety and sanity in the sector that shows a promising future. It is also to ensure that consumers receive quality, timely and reliable services at their request. Consequently, the standards are to guarantee automation of car hire services to ease hiring and payment methodologies. This is a convenient way of conducting business since the world is gradually turning to e-transportation. This explains the significance of app technology. The system holds the capacity of boosting the process of user booking and payment through internet and phone services. It also holds the capacity of enhancing user safety and timely delivery of services. Objectives of the report The report seeks to satisfy the following objectives  1. To facilitate the customization of taxi booking mobile app system that can fit user’s needs promptly.  2. To relay basic strategies and technological support systems that are crucial in enhancing booking and payment services in the transportation sector.  3. To report quality ideals that can facilitate effective management of taxis and private car hire services. Background information Over the years, UK has been striving to modernize its transport system. This compelled authorities in the nation to embark on high powered deliberations with an aim of streamlining operations in the sector. The leaders have developed viable policies that have started to yield fruits in the sector that is very significant for development. The initiatives have been facilitating the adoption of conventional transportation techniques, booking systems and maintenance approaches (Behrendt 69). Indeed, key stakeholders in the taxi and private car hire sector are crediting the initiatives for the growth in the industry. They affirm that the initiatives have made it possible for taxi customers who find it hard to remember the details of their previous service providers to find them easily. This is a key reason why the advent of apps technology in the sector is critical. Its role is to mitigate the communication gap between taxi service providers and
Childhood is an important developmental stage in the life of human beings. Of the different ways through which people enjoy their lives, the ones that took place during childhood are usually remembered with great fondness. This is because during this period, children are considered innocent. These formative years are considered by most people as the most formative. Childhood days are not filled with thoughts of sex, death or troubles hence children experience the positive and negative side of life without having to think of the challenges associated with being an adult. Childhood fears can be tolerated because parents are always there to give support and love. On the other hand, adults may keep their fears to themselves making them difficult to heal . Childhood innocence amounts to powerful emotional experiences that cannot be compared to any other. Teenage years are characterized by a certain degree of insecurity hence they give chance for varied feelings. After professional training, the lives of individuals begin to change. Once individuals get into work environments, adult rules such as professionalism and etiquette are the most important values. This transforms life into a stable one with reduced joys. Cohen argues that no amount of professional training can wipe away the deep-seated assumptions of childhood. This is due the fact that childhood forms the basis of imagining capability, hopes and the most significant thrills in life. It is important for individuals to retain such childhood experiences or capture them in their memories later in their lives . What many people become later in their lives is determined by their childhood assumptions. Although some of the assumptions are not the right ones to be followed and adopted in adult life, some individuals find it difficult to change their childhood perceptions on life. However, it cannot be ruled out that even professional training cannot eliminate these childhood assumptions. Most professional trainings are comprehensive and present individuals with factual perceptions through which they should look at life and handle different situations. Most professionals usually secure employment opportunities in different sectors. Their exposure to the world of work
Introduction The film Funeral Paradise of Roses was directed by Toshio Matsumoto and released in 1969. The Japanese drama film has been used to educate the audience about various issues experienced in society. For instance, the film portrays politics and Tokyo’s representation in the late 1960s. The film is based on Oedipus Rex Myth and focuses on people’s challenges in society. How the Film Portrays Politics Politics have been depicted in the film by exploring Eddie’s life and the community of the Shinjuku district of Tokyo. The film portrays how many political issues in the contemporary world involve sexualities. For instance, lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgenders ( LGBT) have been impacted by political movements. The political fervor of the movie also challenges the audience to focus on their identity. Something about Tokyo in the Late 1960s that I wish I could Understand Better After watching the film, I wish I could better understand how society viewed homosexuality. The film has shown how homosexuals interacted and engaged in sexual acts. Consequently, I would like to know how LGBT interacted with other individuals and their challenges. Excessive use of psychoactive drugs is another common issue in many cities. Therefore, I can ensure that I understand how alcohol impacted people’s lives in Tokyo since the film has revealed that many people consumed alcohol. The rivalry between Eddie and Leda is steered by their differences, where their looks and personalities contrast. Therefore, individuals need to understand how differences such as race, culture, and religion impacted people’s relationships in the community. A Question about Any Aspect of the Film Based on the film Funeral Paradise of Roses, one can note that the drama film has focused on different issues experienced in Japan. Therefore, the question is, why is Funeral Paradise of Roses a landmark of Japanese queer cinema? The point is being analyzed to show how the film industry has evolved. Moreover, individuals can learn how movies’ changes have enabled individuals to use different themes such as politics to address issues being experienced in society.
The key idea expressed in this case study is that the participants of the supply chain should take into account the views and perceptions of other partners while developing their policies and strategies (Bowon, 2005, p 271). It should be noted that the key purpose of this study was to determine whether positive perceptions of the distributor’s initiative affect the satisfaction of both suppliers and customers. The results of the survey confirm the initial hypothesis, advanced by the authors; moreover, they indicate that the participants of supply chain (customers and suppliers) attach importance to expenditure reductions and revenue enhancement since these initiatives of the distributor are related to the transactions and subsequently their bottom line (Bowon, 2005, p 272). The conclusions of this analysis can be of great avail to supply chain managers since they explain the priorities of customers, suppliers, and distributors. Nonetheless, one should not suppose that they are applicable to every kind of business. According to this study, process improvement or performance measuring are insignificant to the customers and suppliers. Yet, the attitudes of customers and suppliers may also depend upon the type of industry. For example, if we are speaking about the electronic commerce companies such as Amazon, we may argue that process improvement can be of crucial importance to the customers since this initiative can increase the speed of delivery and order processing (Schniederjans & Cao, 2002. p 35). As a matter of fact, continuous process improvement is a critical success factor for such enterprises and their clients do not always regard it as insignificant. Yet, the research methodology, proposed in this study can be of great use to supply chain managers since it allows them to make important decisions on the basis of scientifically-based findings, rather than conjectures. At this point we need to discuss the implementation and implications of VMI (Vendor Managed Inventory) techniques and processes as they have a strong effect on every participant of the supply chain. The key peculiarity of VMI models is that the suppliers (i. e. manufacturers)
Introduction Because of the necessity to coordinate the work of the staff, making it more efficient and increasing the productivity of the company, Human Resource Management has become increasingly important over the past few decades. Helping to allocate the human resources so that people could work with maximum efficiency, Human Resource Management is a part and parcel of the modern entrepreneurship and business sphere in general. However, it must be admitted that nowadays, a number of conflicting issues concerning the sphere of Human Resource Management has to be tackled with due to a number of factors (Kesler & Law, 1997). Considering the above-mentioned obstacles and offering the models of coordinating the workforce efficiency, one can come up with the solutions for the current problems, which means that the sphere of Human Resource Management has to be considered thoroughly. Define Human Resources Management Human Resource Management (HRM) is the concept that focuses on staffing of, administration of, and providing the course for the community who labor in the organization. Usually coordinated by the company managerial, Human Resource Management can also be performed by line managers (Snape & Redman, 2010). Human Resource Management is the managerial purpose that deals with issues associated to people such as payment, hiring, presentation running, group growth, security, wellness, reimbursement, worker incentive, message, supervision, and preparation. Human Resource Management is in addition a planned and complete move toward running people and the office behavior and surroundings (Snape & Redman, 2010). Effectual HRM enables staff to add successfully to the whole corporation way and the achievement of the organization’s goals and objectives. Human Resource Management is currently steering away from customary staff, management, and transactional roles, which are more and more outsourced. HRM is now anticipating the increase in value to the planned consumption of staff and that member of staff programs crash the business in quantifiable ways. The new role of HRM planned direction and HRM metrics and measurements is supposed to reveal the significance of the issue. A human resources section is a grave constituent of worker interests in any trade, no matter how tiny it is. HR tasks comprise managing payroll, reimbursement, employing, dismissal, and maintenance and keeping these issues updated according to the circumstances and national tax laws. Hence, any jumble regarding these issues can be the basis of major law issues for a big company, as well as great dissatisfaction of employees. However, small businesses frequently do not contain the personnel or the financial plan to correctly handle the essential particulars of HR. For this reason, extra and smaller businesses are starting to subcontract their HR wants (Snape & Redman, 201
Goodness is a critical component within a business organization. It is a necessary aspect that enhances healthy relationships. Aristotle’s philosophical approach on goodness is instrumental in business management. According to Aristotle’s view, goodness is a necessary attribute that promotes excellence (Morris, 1997). Leaders who focus on goodness create an atmosphere that fosters commitment and strong character. Goodness is an attribute that portrays truth and beauty (Morris, 1997). Managers and corporate leaders who do not care about this element end up creating a hostile working environment. A hostile working environment stifles creativity and limits growth (Marinoff, 2009). As a result, such companies face high employee turnover. The prevailing corporate orientation is short term in nature. Due to this, most of the stakeholders within corporate organizations do not attach any sentimental value to what they are doing. Such environments lack the ability to generate adequate momentum to uphold excellent values. As a result, these companies suffer from various challenges. The effect of goodness on performance Company leaders that focus on enhancing goodness create a working environment that is conducive for growth. Essentially, such organizations capture their employee’s loyalty and commitment. Commitment to responsibility enables the company to realize its set goals (Morris, 1997). Commitment is a critical factor when it comes to promoting creativity and excellence. Creativity enables these organizations to thrive within a competitive environment. In essence, people find it pleasurable to work and function in such environments because they feel appreciated. Consistent pursuit of clarity within an organization creates room for goodness to exist. Appearance of goodness necessitates commitment to change and meaningful action. In essence, such actions enable organizations to generate necessary energy that is critical for maintaining progressive momentum. Organizations that embrace such insights are able to withstand a wide variety of storms. Reflection on the concept We tend to blame external circumstances when things are not right. Most business leaders find it easy to blame the economic climate when they are facing challenges within their respective sectors. However, it is important to be honest with ourselves. Most of the challenges facing the corporate world emanate from poor ethical considerations within business organizations. Business leaders should have the courage to examine the prevailing working conditions with this in mind. Honest evaluation of ethical structures within business organizations will create a clear avenue towards human goodness (Marinoff, 2009). As a result, the leaders will be in a better position to address most of the challenges facing business organizations. Goodness is not just about appearance. As Morris notes, goodness is a function of aligning ethical standards within right organizational goals (Morris, 1997). Clear alignments foster professional ethics that lead to trusting relationships. P