ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Advantage of positive child-adult relationships Great relationships between children and parents go along way in equipping them for future learning process. Children thrive in stable relationships, and this affects most spheres of their life. Among the benefits of a good relationship is; the child develops a sense of cooperation and good school performance. A sense of security that develops help children in the future incase they face risky situations. The children will generally be easier to teach and well mannered. The adults including the teachers will have an easier time developing and teaching newer and effective skills. The child will develop great life skills with other children (Eliot 58). Brain research in a developing child Studies have shown that at birth the brain does continue to grow and develop. The experiences that a child goes through as well as food they take have an effect on brain development. The genes that are passed on to the child by the parents also have an effect on maturity of the brain. The brain is has a plasticity aspect that helps it learn different new things. Synapses are over produced at birth and during child development they are maintained or destroyed. Good child experiences keeps brain synapses healthy and active (Eliot 65). Child maltreatment and abuse Children are defined by law to be under the age of 18 years. An act that includes child’s neglect causes the child sexual, physical, emotional or psychological harm is considered child maltreatment (Eliot 78).The lack of nurturing or proper upbringing of a child results in child abuse. Teacher interactions with children Active involvement by teachers towards the children has been shown to have great positive effects on a child’s development. In terms of verbal interactions, studies show that mixing social talk in between teaching lessons seeks to further advance child’s performance. When teachers tend to interact with children on a higher level the children tend to be highly have a high sense of security, spend less time in self discovery distractive behaviors and perform better (Howes and Ritchie 89). Bronfenbrenner ecological system The systems here include a microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem. The microsystem consists of the child’s family, classroom, neighborhood and any component of the environment. The mesosytem is when two Microsystems do interrelate, for example the family and the neighborhood. The exosystem is when the child is indirectly involved with the system yet gets affected by what happens in the system. Macrosystem covers the cultural values and beliefs that the child grows up in. Poor cultural beliefs can be a great hindrance to child’s development. Microsystem affect directly a child for example a more involved and supportive family will lead to better school grades. In the mesosystem an example of proper working rel
Introduction One of the reasons why the documentary Food, Inc. can indeed be referred to as being thoroughly convincing is that, while working on it, its makers proved themselves thoroughly capable of taking a practice advantage of the rhetorical devices of an appeal to ethos, logos, and pathos. They also succeeded in ensuring smooth transitions between the deployed lines of rhetorical argumentation. In my paper, I will explore the validity of this suggestion at length, while specifying the qualitative aspects of how the documentary goes about trying to win the viewers’ support for the promoted cause, and outlying what can be considered the deficiencies of the used line of reasoning. Analytical part The first idea that is being promoted throughout the documentary’s entirety is that the American food-industry deliberately misleads consumers, as to what is the actual content of food-items, bought in supermarkets, and that this situation can no longer be considered tolerable. This is because, as the documentary implies, denying people their right to know what they consume is the blatant violation of their constitutionally guaranteed rights and freedoms. Food, Inc . also argues that there are several clearly immoral aspects to the earlier described situation, as the process of the food industry’s continual consolidation results in establishing ever more preconditions for the unfair treatment of domestic animals. In the documentary, there are many instances of its makers providing viewers with the factual information, as to the discussed subject matter, which is supposed to convince the latter in the full legitimacy of people’s concern about how the food-industry treats them. These instances are best discussed within the conceptual framework of the ‘appeal to logos’ rhetorical technique, which is being commonly used as the mean of ensuring the deployed argumentation’s perceptual ‘non-biasness.’ As Oring noted: “Logos is concerned with the argument of the narratives and their attendant commentaries” (130). For example, while elaborating upon the fact that the ingredient of corn can be found in just about any food-product and that there is something utterly wrong about it, the documentary’s narrator presents viewers with the visualized data, as to the mentioned phenomena’s practical implications. Skippy In its turn, this was meant to prompt viewers to think that there is indeed nothing personal about how the documentary discusses the issue in question. To increase the extent of the argumentation’s discursive plausibility even further, the featured guest Michael Pollan points out to the fact that there is a rationale-based reason for American farmers to consider feeding their cows with corn: “Cows are no designed by evolution to eat corn. They are designed to eat grass. The only reason we feed them corn is that corn is cheap” (00.22.51). This, again, is supposed to cause viewers to think that how the documentary d
First World Problems Sarah Kwon’s speech is a compelling presentation that provides information about an important topic engagingly. At the start of her speech, Kwon immediately seizes attention by acting comically and making the audience fill the room with laughter. The introduction of the speech is not a usual summary of the body of the presentation. Instead, Kwon makes ironic remarks that spark the interest of the listeners. However, there is one critical downside to Kwon’s informative presentation. The speaker tries to talk loudly and clearly throughout the speech, but this attempt leads her to sound monotonous. Overall, the speech is powerful and engaging and has smooth transitions between interrelated topics. Claims are supported by credible evidence, and the conclusion is simple and is an effective summary of the presentation. However, my engagement was impacted negatively by the unvarying tone of the speaker. How Guinea Pigs Help Autistic Children Alicia Batice talks about the implications of autism and shares the results of the latest research in this area. Her introduction is somewhat unclear because it does not state what this presentation is about. Throughout the speech, she speaks clearly and loudly, but she does not change the tone between varying parts of the presentation. Transitions within the speech are smooth, but her choice of definitions of relevant terms is questionable. An informative presentation should provide listeners with simple explanations, but Batiste often uses complex sentence structures and word combinations. Eye contact with the audience is present, but body language is rarely used to convey important messages. On the positive side, the speaker uses credible evidence to prove her claims and mainly relies on academic research papers to support her arguments. In summary, the speech can be considered powerful, but word choice and tone should have been altered to improve the effectiveness of the presentation. Monotonous delivery and an overly complicated way of presenting information reduced my level of engagement, and concluding sentences did not summarize the speech effectively.
Introduction Hula is a kind of dance that began on the Hawaiian Islands. The developers of the dance were the Polynesians and they were inhabitants there. Hula dance is performed along with a chant or song which is known as mele . The hula is responsible for dramatizing or commenting on the mele . There are several types of hula and they are all generally categorised into two groups: kahiko and ‘auana . Kahiko was the ancient kind of hula that was performed before the Western came upon the Hawaiians. Kahiko is performed together with a chant and the people use conventional instruments. On the other hand, ‘ auana was developed in the 19 th and 20 th centuries and it was due to the impact that the West had on it. This form of hula is performed along with song and the more modern instruments of the Western side, like guitar, the ‘ukulele, and the double bass. Hula is being taught today and the schools that teach the dance are known as halau . The person who teaches hula is called Kumu hula; Kumu refers to the supplier of knowledge (Bucuvalas & Congdon, 160). Hula dancing can be referred to as a complicated type of art, and it involves several hand movements that are required for signifying features of nature; for example, the essential Hula and Coconut Tree motions, or the primitive leg steps like Kaholo, Ka’o, and Ami. Background The earliest Hawaiians did not have any kind of written language; therefore instead of writing they conveyed their tales, heritage, myths, history and prayers by means of musical chants and stylish movements that comprise the hula dance. The chant relates the tales and the hula is responsible for setting the table in action. An old Hawaiin King, Kalakaua said, “Hula is the language of the heart and therefore the heartbeat of the Hawaiian people” (Pryor, 133). Traditions of hula reveal that there are several kinds of hula dance but normally the art is referred to in two categories: the earlier form and the modern one. The ancient hula is called kahiko while the modern is the auana . History Legendary Origins The original hula dance, that is before the Western influence changed it, was performed solely for social pleasure although the chants accompanying it also maintained the epic stories, myths, history and philosophy. The whole program of hula was taken seriously: the dancers had to train and perform and they were even compensated for it by the ruling ali’i. There are several tales regarding the mythic initiations of hula but the most famous and common happens to be that of Pele and Hi’iaka. According to this legend, hula first began because Pele requested her sister to dance and sing for her. However, all of them except Hi’iaka excused themselves saying that they do not know about it. Hi’iaka, the youngest of them and also the most favoured, complied and performed the dance (Emerson, 3). She had been practicing with one of her friends, Hopoe, who was beautiful but unlucky, and she performed the steps that she had learned w
Federal express is a United State based small package delivery venture that was founded in 1973 by Fred Smith (Hill & Jones, 2013). The company is currently known as the FedEx. Compared with the past, the company has reduced its delivery time. The FedEx networks have established value to customers by providing a wide variety of international and local customer support services. Customer clearance, technology solutions, trade advisory services, and freight logistics are some of the services that FedEx delivers in order to create customer value. Actually, the growth of the company is attributed to global competition and inflation pressures. The company has specialized in providing efficient and low cost delivery services. By doing so, it has been able to remain a competitive small package delivery company. The above specialization offers it a competitive over the United Parcel Service (UPS) and DHL, which has exited the market. In fact, over several years FedEx has been keen on noticing any opportunity that meets customer need for faster and reliable deliveries of parcels. The above efforts ensure there is 0% downtime and 100% customer satisfaction thus winning the loyalty of the customers (Hill & Jones, 2013). A building block of a competitive advantage required by the company In the business industry, four building blocks that give a company a competitive advantage have been identified. The four blocks are superior quality, superior customer responsiveness, superior efficiency, and superior innovation. The combination of one or more of the above building blocks results in a competitive advantage leading to low cost of operation and product differentiation. Based on the case study, the company has implemented all the four building blocks in its service for it to remain competitive (Hill & Jones, 2013). However, the company should enhance superior innovation to continue to maintain above average profitability. Through innovation, the company was able to introduce the use e-shipping and web based applications in the past. The initiative promotes customer services such as transport and information logistics. Similarly, the company invested in ship manager server and API management systems, which ensure reliable and fast transaction of up to eight transactions per second. In the future, the company should adopt advanced technologies which aids in inventory management, payroll processing, preparation of reports, warehouse and order management systems. To adopt the technologies, the company has to be innovative. Through innovation, the company can be able to interface a number of modern technologies with their services. Through this, they will be able to surpass the customers’ expectations and remain competitive in the market. The rival companies lack the close customer relation and this will give the company a competitive advantage. It is apparent that there are advancements in the way information systems are managed. Therefore, if the company adopts and
Introduction With about seven billion people on the planet, agricultural practices remain vital sources of pressure on available resources (Howard par. 1). It requires water for irrigation, pollutes the environment through the use of chemicals, and consumes a considerable amount of energy. Amidst these pressure and challenges, a new model of farming has emerged – urban agriculture, which may not essentially apply organic methods and aspects of environmental sustainability. Urban agriculture is considered as farming practiced within and around cities. Both plants and animals are components of urban farming. One major characteristic of urban agriculture that differentiates it from rural agriculture is the integration of agriculture in the urban economic and ecological system (RUAF Foundation par. 1). That is, urban agriculture is a component of and interacts with the urban ecosystem. In this respect, labor tends to come from urban residents; normal urban resources, such as organic waste and wastewater are used; the urban consumer is the immediate target market; both negative and positive impacts are noted on urban ecology; farming is a part of the urban food system; urban policies and planning influence farming; and competition for land is intense. It is imperative to recognize that urban agriculture is not a redundant past practice that will disappear over time. Instead, urban agriculture tends to grow when the city population increases and, thus, it is an integral aspect of urban practices. In this paper, I will explore how urban agriculture has impacted human life, its potential, benefits, inspirations, and emerging practices among other issues of interest. Benefits It appears that urban agriculture seems to be more special and matters more in some countries, specifically Japan. This form of agriculture, which is restricted within or around cities, has gained recognition and now, is considered for improvement following initiatives by some policymakers. On this note, urban agriculture has been linked to some benefits. First, it offers fresh, the safe farm produces, including organic and/or crops with low chemical usages, which are now steadily in high demand by city residents. Sec
Abstract Sequestration has many meanings depending on the field in which one uses it. For example, in the legal field, this term means a process of seizing properties on behalf of the state or creditors, while jury sequestration is the process of isolating a jury. On the other hand, budget sequestration is a legal process that entails invoking routine spending cuts. This paper will look at the latter concept of sequestration. The United States added this method in its Budget Control Act of 2011 as a tool for controlling the federal budget. This legal procedure became operational in the 2013 fiscal year. The federal government aimed at controlling its expenses in order to curb the ceiling national debts. The entire process deals in applying spending cuts in all sectors of the economy. As a result, budget sequestration intends to limit the size of the US budget. Clearly, this procedure of setting a hard cap on federal spending has mass effects on all programs and departments by an equal measure. This research paper analyzes the effects that sequestration has on the budget. Moreover, the paper will look into the impacts of sequestration on government agencies and the operations of the government. Introduction The fiscal policy of budget cuts to certain levels on the US spending took effect on March 1, 2013. This followed the ratification of the Federal Budget Control Act of 2011; the process targets to reduce federal spending by close to $85.5 billion during the 2013 fiscal year. In July 18, 2012, a national debt of $15.882 trillion and the $15.003 trillion GDP at the end of June 2011 sparked discussions in the Congress thereby necessitating the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to come up with policies that could take the nation back to a sustainable fiscal discourse (The National Association of Regional Councils, 2012). The nation’s debt had been increasing by over $500 million annually since the 2003 fiscal year. Clearly, the US debt crisis was the key reason for the passing of the Budget Control Act of 2011, which President Barack Obama signed on August 2, 2011. The Act had to institute legislation that was to cut the debt-ceiling crisis by $1.2 trillion in the next decade. The CBO established a Congressional Debt Super Committee that was tasked to come up with the procedures of making reductions on the federal debt. Notably, the disagreement within the Super Committee led to automatic sequestration. The government was to split the mandatory cuts across the board equally between domestic and defense spending. The federal government plans to reduce their spending for the years 2014 to 2021 with a similar margin in all the subsequent years. On the other hand, the government will record an increase in outlays by over $238 billion annually up to 2023. Notably, the rate at w
In his poem She dwelt among the untrodden ways, William Wordsworth speaks about the woman who played an important role in his life. The author does not clearly tell that he was in love with her, but the readers can see that she definitely produced a long-lasting impression on him. It should be noted that She dwelt among the untrodden Ways is one of the so-called Lucy poems, dedicated to an unknown woman whose identity was never fully disclosed (Kumar, 2003, p. 229). One of themes that Wordsworth explores is the idea that beauty can often go unrecognized by others; however, other people’s recognition is unnecessary for a person who can appreciate beauty. The imagery of the poem, its language, and structure are the main elements that help the author to convey his meaning and feelings for Lucy. One of the things that catch the attention of the reader is the metaphors that Wordsworth uses. For instance, he compares this woman to “a violet by a mossy stone half hidden from the eye” (Wordsworth, 2008, p. 167). In this way, the author shows that the beauty of this person could be unnoticed by many people. Yet, this image also implies that for the narrator, this woman stood out among many others because a violet definitely contrasts with mossy stones. Yet, the readers know that this beauty was certainly recognized by the narrator because he compares her to a lonely “star” (Wordsworth, 2008, p. 167). Again this metaphor implies that for Wordsworth Lucy represents the greatness of nature (Walz, 2007, p. 26). This is how the author emphasizes the beauty of this person, at least in his view. Another linguistic element that is worth discussing is the use of understatements or the expressions that state something in very restraint form. For instance, he does not simply say she died. Instead the author chooses the expression “ceased to be” (Wordsworth, 2008, p. 167). Thus, the narrator shows that Lucy was a strong presence in his life, and her very existence was very important to him. Furthermore, the speaker does not mention his sorrow and the feeling of loss. Instead he says that her death was “the difference” to him (Wordsworth, 2008, p. 167). In this way, Wordsworth seems to suggest that his feelings for this woman and his sorrow may not be expressed with the help of words. This is one of the key ideas of this poem. Furthermore, one should not disregard such a literary element as the structure of the poem. It can be divided into three parts or stanzas and they symbolize the development, perfection and fading of beauty and love (Kumar, 2003, p. 229). The first stanza describes the environment in which this woman grew up. The readers can see that Lucy grew up in a very inconspicuous where very few people could appreciate her beauty. The second stanza shows h
Introduction Parenting is usually a challenging and time-consuming process that includes many struggles and obstacles along the way. One of those is an attempt to teach the child the love to the core and develop the initiative of helping with the housekeeping duties. The research demonstrated that children with indigenous roots are much more willing to voluntarily assist their parents in chores and perform them by their wish (Doucleff, 2018). Thus, this paper will review the different aspects of learning, analyzing some of the concepts on the “Maya method” example. Main body There are three main elements of learning: classical and operant conditions and observational learning. Classical implies the development of the unconscious while operant is responsible for the conscious operations (Coon, et al., 2018). In turn, observational learning is based on the adopted behavior seen in society and the close surroundings (Coon, et al., 2018). Moreover, those concepts are demonstrated in the “Maya method” in how Mexican mothers teach their children to perform chores. For instance, when children feel the smell of delicious food stimulates the unlearned response, they may enjoy the cooking because it resonates with the unconscious pursuit for nutrition (Simon, 2018, 5:32). Another method of teaching a child to do chores is through the operant condition. Unlike the previous example of the classical condition, in this way, a child starts to associate the activities with certain emotions and feelings. Doucleff, for example, integrated games and entertaining into the routine, so her toddler perceives it not as a burden but a pleasant activity that she may voluntarily perform (Doucleff, 2018). In addition, through operational learning, the child quickly remembers and understands the core of the household duties and willingly strives to be integrated into the activities to be a part of the family (Simon, 2018, 3:57). However, physical punishment will only result negatively, and through operant conditions will form the loathing towards the chores. Conclusion In conclusion, conditioning in parenting plays a crucial role, specifically in teaching children how to do chores regularly by their own will. With the classical and operant conditions and observational learning, parents can voluntarily integrate their children into the housework. While building positive associations and reactions with the chore performance, it is still vital to avoid compulsion and physical punishment, resulting in a negative attitude towards responsibilities.