ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Age discrimination is a major problem many job seekers are facing nowadays during their job search. It is a common challenge that has affected many countries across the world. Although there are some countries that have made some strides in eliminating this type of vice during the process of employment, a lot still remains to be done. In this article, the focus is on different cases in which age is the major factor in employment discrimination. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act requires that every employer should be included in every year calendar of events so as to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to combat the rising cases of age discrimination in the employment sector. Feder (2010) states that discrimination in terms of age begins as early as between thirty five to forty years, and by the time an individual attains the age of forty, he or she may not easily get into the job market due to low productivity, as believed by many. Most jobseekers aged forty five and above are more prone to miss out their chance for employment for a relatively longer period of time compared to younger generation (Doyle, 2012). According to the provisions outlined and put forward in the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, all employees who are aged forty and above are entitled to work and earn all the benefits accrued in employment. For instance, all workers are entitled to payment, training, promotions and any other benefits. However, discrimination mostly occurs in cases whereby both parties are in the same age category although one party is duly subjected to harassment by an official, who is ranked higher. Clients have also been noted to be major sources of harassment at workplace. In case of such occurrences, the law is supposed to intervene when the harassment is severe to such an extent that it creates a hostile working environment in which an employee is demoted or fired (The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2008). It is unlawful for an employer to fail to hire an individual because of his or her age. Moreover, deducting from an employee’s pay and refusing to offer the legal benefits such as compensations in regards to an employee’s age, is prohibited. Discrimination of employees by employers often leads to serious harassment cases. For instance, some workers may lose their jobs, which should be prohibited at workplaces at large. The Employment Act strongly demands the job security of the aged people in regards to their ability rather than their respective age brackets (The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2008). Finally, recommendations have bee
Introduction I believe everyone here agrees that corporal punishment is a wrong, inefficient and unethical way to raise children, especially young ones. But did you know that the States is the only permanent and non-permanent member of the United Nations that is not a signatory to Article 19, which condemns and prohibits all forms of physical abuse of children (Miller-Perrin & Perrin, 2018)? According to them, “196 countries are party to the treaty, including every member of the United Nations except the USA” (p. 1). I believe that the still vague US ethical stance on corporal punishment of young children is a good reason to discuss whether this parenting practice should be used in families. As stated earlier, the global community negatively perceives parental corporal punishment. Contrary to that, “many parents believe that those who do not use corporal punishment are being permissive parents” (Utter, 2019, p. 313). The question arises as to why social science experts see even the least harmful forms of this, such as light spanking, as an unacceptable and destructive act of parenting, even despite the contrary statements of a significant number of fathers and mothers. Exploring this controversial topic through the lens of related humanities such as psychology and sociology reveals why corporal punishment is considered harmful and objectively is. Evidence For example, psychology experts argue that young children and adolescents “experiencing harsher parenting exhibited more antisocial behavior” (Burt et al., 2021, p. 395). Another group of scientists claims that corporal punishment undermines their cognitive development (Staff Reporter, 2018). Moreover, physical aggression from parents develops a similar response in children’s behavior that persists even into their adult lives (Del Hoyo-Bilbao, 2018). As one can see, even in its light manifestations, corporal punishment contributes to multiple psychological disorders, syndromes, and traumas in young individuals. As is well known, a traumatized young genera
Introduction It has been observed that elementary school teachers love their children, high school teachers love their subjects and university professors love themselves. We know all three sets than a modest fact to these generations. It appears that the more research is being carried out towards the move of education hierarchy, the more difficult it is to bring about change. There is no doubt, as it appears that the pressure for change from sources outside the educational or organizational leadership is mounting (Owens, 1995). However, this provides an opportunity for educational institution to redefine themselves in ways that deeply enhance many to lead this transformation. Consequently, leaders, who are outstanding or out of the common move people, stimulate excitement and enhance or intensify the best in individuals. When attempting to put in plain words why the affectivity, we speak of strategy, vision, or powerful ideas. But the reality is much more as an important component: extraordinary leadership works through strong feelings. No matter what leaders lay out orderly or logically to do-whether it’s creating plans or mobilizing teams to accomplishment of an action-their success is contingent upon on how they do it. Even if they get everything else correct, if leaders fail in this primal undertaking of motivating emotions in the right direction, nothing they do will work in addition to it could or show. Nevertheless, the noticeable heterogeneity of knowledge, skills, and abilities in the Education/Organizational Leadership creates both a challenge and an opportunity for educating an organization, because shared organizational leadership is a continuum, people need to be met where they are on their journey and coached to progress to the next point. However, a strong intellectual challenges or adversity continuing education program that is integrated into all departments and service lines through the organization can present the mechanism for continuous learning and performance improvement. The educational method is designed to build up the knowledge, skills, and abilities in the accountability-based governance’s environment. An essential hoped outcome of an educational program is for participants to relate their new leadership skills in assisting every organization in developing its accommodative capacity. Proportional to the last mentioned, major change initiatives in higher education, elementary and secondary schools, and government-led reforms and have connected them to strong literature on change management in all sectors (Owens, 1995). The framework of change is of key significance. This recounts not only to how tertiary institutions keep in step with fast changing setting but, more important, how tertiary institutions as knowledge organizations develop and change within its environment. In this paper, we will discuss organizational theory related to conceptualizations of organizational structure. We’ll present various typologies that have been developed to explain and conceptualize organizational structure, and the theories that
Absence of a living will A Living Will is a written document that indicates specific preferences you would like performed on your medical condition or what you would like done (Porter 3).An individual writes statements that show whom they have appointed to act on their behalf in case of failure to communicate (Durable Power of Attorney for Medical Care) as well as what medical procedure should be taken up at a certain situation of illness. When one dies without this document, we can take the following steps to determine what the person would have wanted done: First, if the person had a family, the most probable decision would be to distribute the property to them. They are the first beneficiaries. Debts incurred by the person can also be determined. These are duties the person would have done anyway (Porter 7-8). We ask for the preferences of those close to the person. They can give a hint on how to dispose of the body and inheritance. Religious leaders of the person’s religion can give advice. Doctors can also give their opinion upon which a decision can be made. Eventually, a unanimous decision should involve all those concerned to avoid unethical procedures and litigations against the decision made. Appropriation of Terminal care funds The cost of caring for the terminally ill has been rising, but the services are discriminative. About 50% of Americans have chronic conditions which need care to relax fatalities (Shugarman, Lorenz and Lynn 255-258). The government and stakeholders need to come up with a policy that will address this. In most cases, payment for this service is used up by few people with compound continual diseases; it means those who are yet to become too ill do not receive this facility. To avoid overuse of the facility by some, it is important to determine a proper way of distributing such funds: First, let’s identify patients with severe illnesses, and then gauge their ability to fund for their care. We must be flexible to accommodate the varying nature of illnesses. Those whose families can afford will not be taken up in the Medicare Hospice; instead we will support them to continue the care at home. We should prioritize family care giving by allocating more funds and availing insurance to them. We should reward relatives who care for them. Usually, the task of caring for a terminal patient is stressful; argue Shugarman, Lorenz and Lynn (266).A gift to their effort would be a boost. Because it is difficult to cure these illnesses, the emphasis should be on helping the patients to complete their life duties like writing wills and communicating to them to accept their condition. Here we should pay nurses well to keep up their care-giving without discrimination. Aside from this, the appropriation should involve further direction of funds to research on trends with the support of institutions like the National Institute on Aging. We should also test the strategies for aiding families with low income as well as controlling facilities locally. Fighting terminal illnesses may seem worthless but we have a universal opposition to death and respect for human life. What we need is to redirect the flow of funds to continue caring f
The main purpose of the article “The Life and Times of Bob Marley” which is written by Mikal Gilmore is to pay tribute to the famous singer, songwriter, and guitarist Bob Marley, who is renowned as a performer of reggae music. The main idea that the author of this article wants to convey is that Bob Marleys philosophy will never become out-of- date. Moreover, the author believes that some songs or ideas are often misunderstood or misinterpreted. For example, Mikal Gilmore says “Marley wasn’t singing about how peace could come easily to the world but rather about how hell on earth comes too easily to too many.”(Gilmore, 1). The main idea that the author wants to place emphasis on is that Bob Marley tried to reflect his personal experience in his songs and that they should be interpreted within the context of Bob Marleys life. However, it does not mean that his lyrics are of local scale because they deeply touch people all over the world. Gilmore believes that Marleys ability to describe life “in palpable and authentic ways” makes this musicians unique among others. Moreover, the author believes that Marley was strongly influenced by Rastafarianism, a mystical religion, which views Western world as the modern Babylon that is constantly going to its destruction, and the only way to avert this catastrophe is to live in harmony with each other. According to Gilmore Marley was the embodiment of this religion. Naturally, it was reflected in Marleys songs. Thus, we may arrive at the conclusion that Mikal Gilmore tries to look at Bob Marleys creative work from a different point of view, which throws new light on the life of the famous musician and poet. Bibliography Gilmore M. “The Life and Times of Bob Marley. How he changed the world.”
There are many financing alternatives available for a company in the US planning overseas investments. Lester Electronics is faced with the same problems as other USA companies while planning to acquire Shang-wa electronics. The sources of financing available for international expansion of USA companies are as follows; Common Stock This is where funds are obtained by issuing shares to the public for subscription. It can also be obtained through a rights issue. New shares can be issued by private negotiations, placing, or offer for sale, or by a rights issue. Private negotiations – is where unquoted companies obtain funds from owner proprietors or rich patrons, merchant banks, finance corporations who are prepared to take risks in order to show above-average returns. Placing – is a form of financing used for smaller issues of shares. They choose certain Institutions in which they place or sell to. If the general public wishes to subscribe to the shares, they do so from those institutions. Offer for sale – is an invitation to apply for the shares in a company based on information contained in the prospectus. Offer for sale by prospectus-This is where shares are offered to the general public to subscribe at a fixed price. The prospectus gives the company information regarding past performance, future prospect as specified by the stock exchange rates. Offer for sale by tender-Shares are offered to the public at no fixed price. Investors bid for the shares at the price of their choice hence the striking price at which the shares are sold depends on the demand of the shares. Rights issue – is an offer to the existing shareholders to subscribe for fore shares in proportion to their existing shareholding. It is a limited source of finance. An ordinary resolution must be passed allowing the offer. Characteristics of Equity financing :   * Usually have voting rights in general meetings of the company.   * Rank after all creditors and preference shares in liquidation.   * Dividends are payable at the discretion of the directors out of undistributed profits after senior claims have been made. Advantages of Equity financing:   * No provisions are made for repayment of dividends as they are only paid if profits are available.   * Not limited – depending on the size of the investment, the company can quote as many shares as it likes. Advantages of Equity financing:   * Expensive – there are many cost reasons required to raise these finances for example advertisement.   * Dilution of control as most of the shareholders have voting rights in the control of the company.   * Not tax-deductible since retained earnings are taxable.   * Not liable since not all companies can access this form of financing.   * Risky – as large amounts of equity finance may increase the rate of return and reduce the earnings per share. Long-Term Debt Is a source of financing whereby fun
Introduction Studies of Society and Environment (SOSE) can easily be understood from children learning behaviour and approach towards utilisation of available materials. In their early learning, children are normally influenced by their environment and the society surrounding them. At the same time, they tend to make good use of their learning experiences both for their own interest and the society at large. Concerns over the environment and other factors affecting people in the society have been studied to be an in-built in many people. While children hardly understand their actions, they are being driven by what normally takes place in the society. This paper is a review of a journal based on development of technology based on children’s understanding. The children were first taken on tricycles riding in rough environment full of obstacles in a rural community setting. After this, they were engaged in creation of a better technological application environment, which they chose to be a town setting. During the town creation process, several SOSE elements were identified among the children in different phases (McKay, 2006). Most of these were as a result of their daily observation and influences from their society. The children generally showed a lot of interest in the project as well as sustainable creativity in their work (Sanders, 2002). From their experience in tricycle riding, the children seemed to have known the best place for technological system to a town setting. When asked what they do with the boxes given, Hayden and Chloe simply answered: “We could make a town” (Queensland Studies Authority, 2006, p. 2). After the idea surfaced, the children were able to give more information involving social and geographical setting of the town. They came up with structures like post office, town clock, bank, supermarket, restaurant and service station. Consequently, it should be noted that they did not merely mention these landmarks but added the importance of each in the town. Serayah was concerned with the safety and availability of money for their uses hence she suggested a bank. Nevertheless, this was an ideas of societal wellness based on security of property and people safety. She added that a service station for petrol is essential for their rides in the town. Georgia was concerned with how they will acquire groceries and suggested building of a supermarket (Queensland Studies Authority, 2006). It was obvious that the children knew their environment and society enough. This made them able to come up with these necessary structures to facilitate their project (Zadja, 2000). Steaven was creative enough to think of a town clock. His thoughts were based on the observation of his environment. He had even known that more information can be sought in advanced technological systems like the internet. The child had the knowledge and meaning of numbers in the clock and he systematically arranged them to make the clock. On the other hand, they had the knowledge of such things as height in raising the clock. The clock building period was carried under communal commitment. They knew who could be mor
The film which I have selected for this paper is ‘The Silence of the Lambs,’ which was released in the year 1991, and won five Oscar awards. The basic reason for the selection is it offers different perspectives on the subject of psychology and compels the viewers to think on different levels. For one thing, the FBI relies on a person believed to be a cannibal to obtain information about a serial killer, which in itself is intriguing and the film also uses another interesting angle where the one with psychological problem is treating the others. The film, directed by Jonathan Demme, is about an investigation of a series of murders by ‘Buffalo Bill,’ and a psychopath turned psychiatrist Hannibal Lecter, whose information, the FBI investigator Clarence Starling is forced to rely for tracking the serial killer. The unknown serial killer Buffalo Bill is a person with psychological abnormality. He kills women and skins them to make a woman suit with their skin. He considers himself to be transsexual, and in order to change his sex, he kills over-weight, plump women who have smooth skin. Another person with psychological abnormality is Dr. Hannibal Lecter. He is a brilliant and highly talented psychiatrist. He is known as Hannibal the Cannibal, because he killed many of his patients and ate them. He is as frightening as Buffalo Bill, though the film uses Lecter to track down Bill. The presence of two significant characters with peculiar types of abnormal behavior makes the movie all the more interesting and intriguing. The history of Bill and Lecter prove that they turned psychopaths due to completely different reasons. Bill thought himself to be transsexual and so wanted to change his sex. He derives a sort of perverse pleasure in killing the women, skinning them, stitching women’s garments out of them and sensing their touch against his groin. His first victims of murder were his grandparents who looked after him since the death of his parents. His relationships after he joined the army proved that he was bisexual. The portrayal of Bill can be viewed from the context of culture. The film presents the villain as a transsexual and bisexual. Gay men have raised voices against the characterization of Bill. In the film, politics comes in when Bill kidnaps the Senator’s daughter. The senator makes offers to Lecter in order to trace Bill, using her political powers. A politician supporting a cannibal for personal gains is explicitly presented in the film. Even the FBI promises Lecter a better cell with more comfort and facilities if he helps them with more information to track Buffalo Bill. This shows how politicians and authorities use power in order to achieve their objectives. The murders in the movie create a terror in the minds of the audience. Though the crimes are realistic, the movie cannot be categorized among the best because it has been sensationalized with a few