ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Recent work by Cachazo, He, and Yuan shows that connected prescription residues obey the global identities of $\mathcal{N} = 4$ super-Yang-Mills amplitudes. In particular, they obey the Bern-Carrasco-Johansson (BCJ) amplitude identities. Here we offer a new way of interpreting this result via objects that we call residue numerators. These objects behave like the kinematic numerators introduced by BCJ except that they are associated with individual residues. In particular, these new objects satisfy a double-copy formula relating them to the residues appearing in recently-discovered analogs of the connected prescription integrals for $\mathcal{N} = 8$ supergravity. Along the way, we show that the BCJ amplitude identities are equivalent to the consistency condition that allows kinematic numerators to be expressed as amplitudes using a generalized inverse.
Mass parameters for the relative and neck motions in fusion reactions of symmetric systems $^{90}$Zr+$^{90}$Zr, $^{110}$Pd+$^{110}$Pd, and $^{138}$Ba+$^{138}$Ba are studied by means of a microscopic transport model. The shape of the nuclear system is determined by an equi-density surface obtained from the density distribution of the system. The relative and neck motions are then studied and the mass parameters for these two motions are deduced. The mass parameter for the relative motion is around the reduced mass when the reaction partners are at the separated configuration and increases with decrease of the distance between two reaction partners after the touching configuration. The mass parameter for the neck motion first decreases slightly up to the touching configuration and then increases with the neck width, and its magnitude is from less than tenth to several times more than the total mass of the system. The mass parameters obtained from the microscopic transport model are larger than the ones obtained from the hydrodynamic model and smaller than those obtained from the linear response function theory. The mass parameters for both motions depend on the reaction systems, but the one for the relative motion depends on the incompressibility of the EoS more obviously than that for neck motion.
Despite the advances in the development of numerical methods analytical approaches still play the key role on the way towards a deeper understanding of many-particle systems. In this regards, diagonalization schemes for Hamiltonians represent an important direction in the field. Among these techniques the method, presented here, might be that approach with the widest range of possible applications: We demonstrate that both stepwise and continuous unitary transformations to diagonalize the many-particle Hamiltonian as well as perturbation theory and also non-perturbative treatments can be understood within the same theoretical framework. The new method is based on the introduction of generalized projection operators and allows to develop a renormalization scheme which is used to evaluate directly the physical quantities of a many-particle system. The applicability of this approach is shown for two important elementary many-particle problems.
This paper presents a method that can accurately detect heads especially small heads under the indoor scene. To achieve this, we propose a novel method, Feature Refine Net (FRN), and a cascaded multi-scale architecture. FRN exploits the multi-scale hierarchical features created by deep convolutional neural networks. The proposed channel weighting method enables FRN to make use of features alternatively and effectively. To improve the performance of small head detection, we propose a cascaded multi-scale architecture which has two detectors. One called global detector is responsible for detecting large objects and acquiring the global distribution information. The other called local detector is designed for small objects detection and makes use of the information provided by global detector. Due to the lack of head detection datasets, we have collected and labeled a new large dataset named SCUT-HEAD which includes 4405 images with 111251 heads annotated. Experiments show that our method has achieved state-of-the-art performance on SCUT-HEAD.
We investigate under which conditions we can expect to observe quantum brownian motion in a microscope. Using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, we investigate quantum brownian motion in an ohmic bath, and estimate temporal and spatial accuracy required to observe a crossover from classical to quantum behavior.
By using a decomposition of the transfer matrix of the two dimensional $q$-state Potts Model to $V^{\prime}_1$ and $V_2$ its determinant is calculated. Our result is a proof for a conjectured formula by Chang and Shrock in [14].
Unsupervised video-based person re-identification (re-ID) methods extract richer features from video tracklets than image-based ones. The state-of-the-art methods utilize clustering to obtain pseudo-labels and train the models iteratively. However, they underestimate the influence of two kinds of frames in the tracklet: 1) noise frames caused by detection errors or heavy occlusions exist in the tracklet, which may be allocated with unreliable labels during clustering; 2) the tracklet also contains hard frames caused by pose changes or partial occlusions, which are difficult to distinguish but informative. This paper proposes a Noise and Hard frame Aware Clustering (NHAC) method. NHAC consists of a graph trimming module and a node re-sampling module. The graph trimming module obtains stable graphs by removing noise frame nodes to improve the clustering accuracy. The node re-sampling module enhances the training of hard frame nodes to learn rich tracklet information. Experiments conducted on two video-based datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed NHAC under the unsupervised re-ID setting.
We construct a complete five dimensional Quark-Lepton symmetric model, with all fields propagating in the bulk. The extra dimension forms an $S^1/Z_2\times Z_2'$ orbifold with the zero mode fermions corresponding to standard model quarks localised at one fixed point. Zero modes corresponding to left(right)-chiral leptons are localised at (near) the other fixed point. This localisation pattern is motivated by the symmetries of the model. Shifting the right-handed neutrinos and charged leptons slightly from the fixed point provides a new mechanism for understanding the absence of relations of the type $m_e=m_u$ or $m_e=m_d$ in Quark-Lepton symmetric models. Flavour changing neutral currents resulting from Kaluza Klein gluon exchange, which typically arise in the quark sector of split fermion models, are suppressed due to the localisation of quarks at one point. The separation of quarks and leptons in the compact extra dimension also acts to suppress the proton decay rate. This permits the extra dimension to be much larger than that obtained in a previous construct, with the bound $1/R\gtrsim30$ TeV obtained.
In this paper we calculate the dimension of affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties in the affine Grassmannian of unramified groups. We also examine the irreducible components of ADLVs in the superbasic case and the $J_b(F)$-action on them.
Let $R$ be a regular semi-local ring, essentially of finite type over an infinite perfect field of characteristic $p \ge 3$. We show that the cycle class map with modulus from an earlier work of the authors induces a pro-isomorphism between the additive higher Chow groups of relative 0-cycles and the relative $K$-theory of truncated polynomial rings over $R$. This settles the problem of equating 0-cycles with modulus and relative $K$-theory of such rings via the cycle class map.
We prove that smooth $C^\infty$ functions are dense in weighted fractional Sobolev spaces on an arbitrary open set, under some mild conditions on the weight. We also obtain a~similar result in non-weighted spaces defined by some kernel similar to $x\mapsto |x|^{-d-sp}$. One may consider the results to be a~version of the Meyers--Serrin theorem.
We show that the observed suppression of the $\Lambda(1520)/\Lambda$ ratio in central Au + Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider can be naturally understood in the constituent quark recombination model.
We review the notions of symplectic and orthogonal vector bundles over curves, and the connection between principal parts and extensions of vector bundles. We give a criterion for a certain extension of rank 2n to be symplectic or orthogonal. We then describe almost all of its rank n vector subbundles using graphs of sheaf homomorphisms, and give criteria for the isotropy of these subbundles.
The first-forbidden beta-decay of 17Ne into the 'halo' state J=1/2+ of 17F presents one of the largest measured asymmetries for mirror beta-decay feeding bound final states. This asymmetry is studied in the framework of the Shell Model Embedded in the Continuum (SMEC). The spatial extent of single particle orbits is constrained by the proton capture cross-section 16O(p,gamma)17F calculated in SMEC . This allows to estimate the mirror symmetry breaking in 17F/17O and 17Ne/17N nuclei.
The most commonly used parameterizations of the Yukawa couplings in the two Higgs doublet model are revisited. Their similitudes and differences are emphasized and relations between the different notations used in the literature are derived. Using these relations, bounds on the space of parameters of the charged Higgs sector of the two Higgs doublet model are obtained. These constraints are obtained from flavor observables like the measurement of B -> Xs \gamma and the recent measurement of Bs -> \mu+ \mu- from LHCb. The ratio R_{H+}=B(H+ -> \tau^+ \nu_\tau)/B(H+ -> t b) is evaluated for the two Higgs doublet model type-III and type-II, and their differences are quantified.
Face recognition is a crucial task in various multimedia applications such as security check, credential access and motion sensing games. However, the task is challenging when an input face is noisy (e.g. poor-condition RGB image) or lacks certain information (e.g. 3D face without color). In this work, we propose a Multimodal Training Unimodal Test (MTUT) framework for robust face classification, which exploits the cross-modality relationship during training and applies it as a complementary of the imperfect single modality input during testing. Technically, during training, the framework (1) builds both intra-modality and cross-modality autoencoders with the aid of facial attributes to learn latent embeddings as multimodal descriptors, (2) proposes a novel multimodal embedding divergence loss to align the heterogeneous features from different modalities, which also adaptively avoids the useless modality (if any) from confusing the model. This way, the learned autoencoders can generate robust embeddings in single-modality face classification on test stage. We evaluate our framework in two face classification datasets and two kinds of testing input: (1) poor-condition image and (2) point cloud or 3D face mesh, when both 2D and 3D modalities are available for training. We experimentally show that our MTUT framework consistently outperforms ten baselines on 2D and 3D settings of both datasets.
We present a deep wide field Halpha imaging survey of the central regions of the two nearby clusters of galaxies Coma and Abell1367, taken with the WFC at the INT2.5m telescope. We determine for the first time the Schechter parameters of the Halpha luminosity function (LF) of cluster galaxies. The Halpha LFs of Abell1367 and Coma are compared with each other and with that of Virgo, estimated using the B band LF by Sandage et al. (1985) and a L(Halpha) vs M_B relation. Typical parameters of phi^* ~ 10^0.00+-0.07 Mpc^-3, L^* ~ 10^41.25+- 0.05 erg sec^-1 and alpha ~ -0.70+-0.10 are found for the three clusters. The best fitting parameters of the cluster LFs differ from those found for field galaxies, showing flatter slopes and lower scaling luminosities L^*. Since, however, our Halpha survey is significantly deeper than those of field galaxies, this result must be confirmed on similarly deep measurements of field galaxies. By computing the total SFR per unit volume of cluster galaxies, and taking into account the cluster density in the local Universe, we estimate that the contribution of clusters like Coma and Abell1367 is approximately 0.25% of the SFR per unit volume of the local Universe.
Real quantum systems couple to their environment and lose their intrinsic quantum nature through the process known as decoherence. Here we present a method for minimizing decoherence by making it energetically unfavorable. We present a Hamiltonian made up solely of two-body interactions between four two-level systems (qubits) which has a two-fold degenerate ground state. This degenerate ground state has the property that any decoherence process acting on an individual physical qubit must supply energy from the bath to the system. Quantum information can be encoded into the degeneracy of the ground state and such coherence-preserving qubits will then be robust to local decoherence at low bath temperatures. We show how this quantum information can be universally manipulated and indicate how this approach may be applied to a quantum dot quantum computer.
We show that if $k\ge 2$ is an integer and $(F_n^{(k)})_{n\ge 0}$ is the sequence of $k$-generalized Fibonacci numbers, then there are only finitely many triples of positive integers $1<a<b<c$ such that $ab+1,~ac+1,~bc+1$ are all members of $\{F_n^{(k)}: n\ge 1\}$. This generalizes a previous result (cf. arXiv:1508.07760) where the statement for $k=3$ was proved. The result is ineffective since it is based on Schmidt's subspace theorem.
In this work a new parameter for the Polymer Assisted Sol- Gel Deposition method is proposed. It is shaking of the sol stabilized by the polymer prior to the deposition. It was found in attempt to decrease the amount of [111]- oriented CeO2 grains on a monocrystalline substrate SrTiO3 (001). It was found that the shaking decreases this amount significantly.
The production rate of ionizing photons in young < 8 Myr, unresolved stellar clusters in the nearby irregular galaxy NGC 4214 is probed using multi-wavelength Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 data. We normalize the ionizing photon rate by the cluster mass to investigate the upper end of the stellar initial mass function (IMF). We have found that within the uncertainties the upper end of the stellar IMF appears to be universal in this galaxy, and that deviations from a universal IMF can be attributed to stochastic sampling of stars in clusters with masses < 10^3 M_sun. Furthermore, we have found that there does not seem to be a dependence of the maximum stellar mass on the cluster mass. We have also found that for massive clusters, feedback may cause an underrepresentation in Ha luminosities, which needs to be taken into account when conducting this type of analysis.
Based on the standard statistical interpretation of mixed quantum states, a unique family of consistent histories has been constructed for the quantum Brownian motion in the Caldeira-Leggett reservoir. Analytic solutions have been shown in the Markovian regime: they are uniquely defined coherent wave packets travelling near classical trajectories.
This paper is concerned with the study of the nonlinear viscoelastic evolution equation with strong damping and source terms, described by \[u_{tt} - \Delta_{\mathbb{B}}u + \int_{0}^{t}g(t-\tau)\Delta_{\mathbb{B}}u(\tau)d\tau + f(x)u_{t}|u_{t}|^{m-2} = h(x)|u|^{p-2}u , \hspace{1 cm} x\in int\mathbb{B}, t > 0,\] where $\mathbb{B}$ is a stretched manifold. First, we prove the solutions of problem {1.1} in cone Sobolev space $\mathcal{H}^{1,\frac{n}{2}}_{2,0}(\mathbb{B}),$ admit a blow up in finite time for $p > m$ and positive initial energy. Then, we construct a lower bound for obtained blow up time under appropriate assumptions on data.
Tutte proved that every 4-connected planar graph contains a Hamilton cycle, but there are 3-connected $n$-vertex planar graphs whose longest cycles have length $\Theta(n^{\log_32})$. On the other hand, Jackson and Wormald in 1992 proved that an essentially 4-connected $n$-vertex planar graph contains a cycle of length at least $(2n+4)/5$, which was recently improved to $5(n+2)/8$ by Fabrici {\it et al}. In this paper, we improve this bound to $\lceil (2n+6)/3\rceil$ for $n\ge 6$, which is best possible, by proving a quantitative version of a result of Thomassen on Tutte paths.
Several UV and near-infrared color selection methods have identified galaxies at z = 1-3. Since each method suffers from selection biases, we have applied three leading techniques (Lyman break, BX/BM, and BzK selection) simultaneously in the Subaru Deep Field. This field has reliable ({\Delta}z/(1 + z) = 0.02--0.09) photometric redshifts for ~53,000 galaxies from 20 bands (1500{\AA}--2.2{\mu}m). The BzK, LBG, and BX/BM samples suffer contamination from z<1 interlopers of 6%, 8%, and 20%, respectively. Around the redshifts where it is most sensitive (z~1.9 for star-forming BzK, z~1.8 for z~2 LBGs, z~1.6 for BM, and z~2.3 for BX), each technique finds 60-80% of the census of the three methods. In addition, each of the color techniques shares 75-96% of its galaxies with another method, which is consistent with previous studies that adopt identical criteria on magnitudes and colors. Combining the three samples gives a comprehensive census that includes ~90% of z-phot = 1-3 galaxies, using standard magnitude limits similar to previous studies. In fact, we find that among z = 1-2.5 galaxies in the color selection census, 81-90% of them can be selected by just combining the BzK selection with one of the UV techniques (z~2 LBG or BX and BM). The average galaxy stellar mass, reddening and SFRs all decrease systematically from the sBzK population to the LBGs, and to the BX/BMs. The combined color selections yield a total cosmic SFR density of 0.18 $\pm$ 0.03 M_sun yr^{-1} Mpc^{-3} for K_AB <= 24. We find that 65% of the star formation is in galaxies with E(B-V) > 0.25 mag, even though they are only one-fourth of the census by number.
We show that all supersymmetric Type IIA D-branes can be constructed as bound states of a certain number of unstable non-supersymmetric Type IIA D9-branes. This string-theoretical construction demonstrates that D-brane charges in Type IIA theory on spacetime manifold $X$ are classified by the higher K-theory group $K^{-1}(X)$, as suggested recently by Witten. In particular, the system of $N$ D0-branes can be obtained, for any $N$, in terms of sixteen Type IIA D9-branes. This suggests that the dynamics of Matrix theory is contained in the physics of magnetic vortices on the worldvolume of sixteen unstable D9-branes, described at low energies by a U(16) gauge theory.
We compute the three-dimensional effective action for the minimal supersymmetric standard model, which describes the light modes of the theory near the finite-temperature electroweak phase transition, keeping the one-loop corrections from the third generation quarks and squarks. Using the lattice results of Kajantie {\it et al.}\ for the phase transition in the same class of 3-D models, we find that the strength of the phase transition is sufficient for electroweak baryogenesis, in much broader regions of parameter space than have been indicated by purely perturbative analyses. In particular we find that, while small values of $\tan\beta$ are favored, positive results persist even for arbitrarily large values of $\tan\beta$ if the mass of the $A^0$ boson is between 40 and 120 GeV, a region of parameters which has not been previously identified as being favorable for electroweak baryogenesis.
In this survey, we present the basic facts about conduction in infinite networks. This survey is based on the work of Flanders, Zemanian, and Thomassen, who developed the theory of infinite networks from scratch. Here we show how to get a more complete theory by paralleling the well-developed theory of conduction on open Riemann surfaces. Like Flanders and Thomassen, we take as a test case for the theory the problem of determining the resistance across an edge of a d-dimensional grid of 1-ohm resistors.
With the growing adoption of short-form video by social media platforms, reducing the spread of misinformation through video posts has become a critical challenge for social media providers. In this paper, we develop methods to detect misinformation in social media posts, exploiting modalities such as video and text. Due to the lack of large-scale public data for misinformation detection in multi-modal datasets, we collect 160,000 video posts from Twitter, and leverage self-supervised learning to learn expressive representations of joint visual and textual data. In this work, we propose two new methods for detecting semantic inconsistencies within short-form social media video posts, based on contrastive learning and masked language modeling. We demonstrate that our new approaches outperform current state-of-the-art methods on both artificial data generated by random-swapping of positive samples and in the wild on a new manually-labeled test set for semantic misinformation.
We report the exact calculation of the Fermi-edge singularity exponent for correlated electrons in one dimension (Luttinger liquid). Focusing on the special interaction parameter g=1/2, the asymptotic long-time behavior can be obtained using the Wiener-Hopf method. The result confirms the previous assumption of an open boundary fixed point. In addition, a dynamic k-channel Kondo impurity is studied via Abelian bosonization for k=2 and k=4. It is shown that the corresponding orthogonality exponents are related to the orthogonality exponent in a Luttinger liquid.
We study the inclusion of $\mathcal O(1/\Lambda^4)$ effects in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory in fits to the current Drell-Yan data at the LHC. Our analysis includes the full set of dimension-6 and dimension-8 operators contributing to the dilepton process, and is performed to next-to-leading-order in the QCD coupling constant at both $\mathcal O(1/\Lambda^2)$ and $\mathcal O(1/\Lambda^4)$. We find that the inclusion of dimension-6 squared terms and certain dimension-8 operators has significant effects on fits to the current data. Neglecting them leads to bounds on dimension-6 operators off by large factors. We find that dimension-8 four-fermion operators can already be probed to the several-TeV level by LHC results, and that their inclusion significantly changes the limits found for dimension-6 operators. We discuss which dimension-8 operators should be included in fits to the LHC data. Only a manageable subset of two-derivative dimension-8 four-fermion operators need to be included at this stage given current LHC uncertainties.
We prove that the formal completion of a complex projective surface along a rigid smooth curve with trivial normal bundle determines the birational equivalence class of the surface.
Avalanche photodiodes fabricated from AlInAsSb grown as a digital alloy exhibit low excess noise. In this paper, we investigate the band structure-related mechanisms that influence impact ionization. Band-structures calculated using an empirical tight-binding method and Monte Carlo simulations reveal that the mini-gaps in the conduction band do not inhibit electron impact ionization. Good agreement between the full band Monte Carlo simulations and measured noise characteristics is demonstrated.
A study of "high temperature" entangled states in a system of two parametrically coupled quantum oscillators placed into independent thermal baths is performed taking into account partially coherent parametric pump. Processes in an open system are considered based on the Heisenberg-Langevin formalism. We obtain a closed system of equations for the averaged quadratic correlation functions in quantum stochastic problem as a result of Markov processes approximation. On the basis of numerical calculations the dynamics of the logarithmic negativity, which is the measure of entanglement in the system, is investigated. It is shown that the partial coherence of the parametric pump makes the lifetime of the entangled states finite. The threshold characteristics of the formation and existence of these states are specified.