ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
St. James Hospital is a small commercial geriatric hospital serving elderly patients with chronic illness, injury, and aging symptoms. The hospital does not have an oncology and psychiatric department. The hospital has 80 beds and a small staff of nurses, physicians, surgeons, anesthesiologists, and other specialists who are required to serve the patients. However, while there are enough doctors to perform operations and prescribe treatments, the hospital faces a shortage of nurses who can care for patients. This disadvantage is felt especially acutely, since elderly patients are often unable to move independently and take care of themselves; thus, they need constant care and support. The main problem of the hospital is the re-admission of patients less than 30 days after discharge. According to the Hospital Readmission Reduction Program, frequent patient re-admissions are a reason for funding cuts, which in the small St. James hospital’s case leads to a lack of funds and an even greater shortage of staff. However, patients’ and their caregivers’ education, as well as follow-up calls and nursing visits to patients after discharge, reduce the likelihood of re-admission by 50% (Vernon et al., 2019; Coffey et al., 2019). Follow-up calls and checks allow nurses to propose changes in treatment on time that prevent health deterioration. Hence, the main goal for St. James is to reduce re-admission by 50%, which includes such objectives as improving patient education and creating a system and schedule for nurses’ follow-up call patients and review of their health condition. The goal of reducing patient re-admission is long-term as it takes time to implement and evaluate results. For this reason, the deadline for a 50% reduction in patient re-administration within 30 days after discharge is twelve months. In addition, the hospital will conduct interim assessments after six and nine months of project implementation start. Developing of nurses’ follow-up call system should take no more than one month, as well as scheduling for additional patient education. This period is necessary to agree and coordinate the working hours of nurses and other staff and determine the payment system for extra hours of work. However, a 20% improvement in patient education will be achieved in 3 months. The evaluation will be carried out by interviewing patients upon admission and after discharge. This project requires almost no material costs, but a significant part of the budget must be spent on paying additional working hours for nurses. Some of the extra time will be spent on calls and some on patient education. In addition, funds could be spent on hiring one or two staff members who provide education to patients, since this decision can reduce other nurses’ working hours. Thus, the project will be built in-house, since all the goals set are within the competence of the nurses,
Management Challenges Faced by Mia Foster Leadership Change When Mia Foster took over Levendary Café as the Chief Executive Officer, it had been led since its inception by Howard Leventhal and a group of long-serving heads of departments who were responsible for all packages that Levendary offered. This move created a conservative way of working and approaching issues that made the company what it was then. Therefore, when Mia Foster was brought, there was fear from investors on her ability to manage the company to new heights further than it had reached before. Mia in this case faced transitional challenges that came with change. She had to convince investors that she had the ability to move the company to new heights after analysts felt the company had exhausted its domestic base. The biggest challenge that Mia had was to convince sceptics that she had the ability to carry the company forward now that she was the new boss because the company was listed on the stock exchange and such analytical scepticism would affect the price of its stock on the market. This case therefore required her to work hard by cutting an immediate image that will convince shareholders of her abilities to run the company not just locally but also internationally. According to Santhidran et al. (2013), change management is very dynamic, as it requires the implementer of change to take firm action (p. 349). She therefore needs to convince investors that she has the necessary expertise to shift the company to a global stage and keep it there. Levendary’s plans to move to the Chinese market have to be boosted by Mia’s strategies on how she envisions the Chinese market and take immediate steps. Cross Cultural Management Mia took over the management of Levendary Café when Howard Leventhal had already initiated a move to the Chinese market. Thus, Mia had challenges towards expanding the market further from where Leventhal had left. Leventhal had entrusted the management of the Chinese entry to Louis Chen who had worked his way into impressing him. Chen’s management capabilities were not known nor tested by the company. However, he was able to convince Leventhal to give him the Job, which he did. The company had built its name over a long period through the services it offered as well as a brand name that it used for identification. All its outlets had been made in a similar fashion by depicting the same theme and a common menu that would be found in all outlets. Although the company varied its menu’s depending on the location of the stores, it was apparent that this varyin
Super’s Occupational Theory (1954) The theory was developed by Donald Super and is sometimes referred to as the Developmental Self-Concept Theory. As the name suggests, the theory stresses on the significance of the development of self-concept. Super’s theory rests on the fact that individuals have dissimilar capabilities, interests, and traits, which suit them for different occupations. Each occupation requires a combination of these attributes, but choice is always the decisive factor. Super posited that the self-attributes change with time, and grow due to experience, implying that career development is a lifelong process. Occupational development is a progressive process that combines the compromise and synthesis that transpire between the person and other social influences with self-concept and experience also playing a role. Satisfaction in an occupation occurs when a person recognizes his abilities, personal attributes, and values (Career Services, 2010, para. 3). Holland’s Occupational Theory (1959) The theory was developed by John Holland and states that career choice is an expression of individuality. The theory details on work-related conduct, for example, the occupational selections that may lead to success and fulfillment. It also explores other personal experiences such as success and fulfillment in academic, training or social programs as a motivation for choosing a specific occupation. An implication of the theory is that individuals with identical personalities working together can create an atmosphere that matches their type. For instance, artistic individuals working together on a task can create a work atmosphere that recognizes creative thinking and conduct- an artistic atmosphere. Work atmospheres are divided into six: Realistic, Artistic, Social, Conventional, Investigative and Enterprising. Persons look for atmospheres in which they can convey their values and thoughts, and once a person lands such an atmosphere, the probability of success and satisfaction is high (The Career Key, 2010, para. 5). Comparison of the Two theories Both Holland and Super recognize that every person has unique attributes and values that affect his/her decisions based on occupational choice. The models differ on the mode of application of these attributes, Super states that different career choices require a distinct set of these features, but choice plays a final role, besides, career development is a lifelong process. Holland, in contrast, states that the attributes aid individuals in finding work environments that are more satisfying. In short, Holland’s model helps us in understanding work environments while Super’s model helps in clarifying the self –co
Introduction With the creation of ‘Dolly”, we have crossed the hurdles of reproduction in mammals without insemination and we are at the threshold of human cloning, which reactivated public debate challenging the ethics of such interference with nature as well as medical benefits of cloning. Main text The advocates of genetic technology proclaim that human cloning will revolutionize the medical field in reducing genetic disorders, benefits of gene therapy in regenerating damaged tissues, help prevent endangered species from extinction, can help produce genetically matched and identical children with better traits, and enhance agricultural and livestock production. The main arguments raised against human cloning are the unpredictability of physical incapacities in such cloned babies, limitations in preclinical trials to ascertain risks of this experiment, ethical problems arising from conflict of interest among researchers, and it is against human dignity as “the Universal Declaration of Human Genome and Human Rights (UNESCO 1997) as well as many other documents state that reproductive cloning is contrary to human dignity”. The World Health Assembly resolves that the use of cloning “for the replication of human individuals is ethically unacceptable and contrary to human dignity and integrity” (WHO Ethics ). Since human cloning is still in the experimental stage and the criticism for and against the subject is replete with valid reasons rational thinkers will be put to the dilemma in agreeing with either of the argument, which is the strength as well as weakness of the assignment. The beauty of the subject is humans are in the proximity to replicate humans, which was thought to be the creation of ‘Mother Nature’. At the same time this encroachment into the domain of nature, (the Creator, God, or t
Students in a College Computer Programming Class The ABC USB Flash Drives are the specially designed for fast transfers and easy compatibility with different machines. They have the dynamicity to transfer data and programs for Linux and Microsoft operating system-based computers. Aside form this ABC USB flash drives are also compatible with Macintosh and Intel based machines, making them a tool which can be used for to transfer data and programs amongst different architecture-based machines. Programmers and information system managers recommend the ABC brand for usage pertaining top transfer of technical information and data. New Incoming Students during the College General Orientation Moving up from the high school to a college is a huge step for a person, and with it brings great responsibility. College provides you with a base on which you can build your career and in order to perform well in the college you need fast and efficient tools. ABC Flash USB Drive is one such tool which is small and can carry multiple types of data, be it media files, homework assignments as well as academic projects. The diverse functions it provides in terms of being portable for carrying information anywhere on as well as off campus makes a great tool to have while attending college. Press Release for the Local Newspaper ABC Company has launched a new technology-based USB flash drives by the name of ‘ABC Flash USB Drive’ provide the user with diverse usability options. The USB flash drives are small, compatible and very portable to carry around. The user can store any kind of data on it and can transfer data between machines using different platform of system architecture and operating systems. The portability and dynamicity of the drives make it very much usable by people of all professions, like businesspeople, architects, teachers, professors, students as well as technical professionals.
Introduction The World Health Organization recently reported that about eight percent of American adults suffer from type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is a condition where the body is unable to produce enough insulin, making the blood glucose level increase. According to McFarlane (2010), medical researchers are yet to come up with a proper cure for diabetes. This means that the condition can only be controlled instead of being cured to delay a possible death of the patient. Recent studies show that there is a consistent surge in the number of people who suffer from this disease (Williams, 2003). Medical doctors have blamed the rise on the emerging lifestyle in the current society. Technology has transformed the world, and most of the physical activities that were previously done manually can now be done using machines. The improved technology has also enhanced the means of transport. The result of this improved world of technology has reduced the physical activity of many people. Limited physical activity is known to be one of the most common causes of type II diabetes. It is necessary to come up with intervention measures to help counter this problem. This research seeks to determine if lifestyle interventions may have a significant impact on diabetes to curb the rising incidences. Opening Statement Type II diabetes is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. According to the Center for Disease Control and Intervention, the United States has registered an increase in the number of new incidents over the past five years. This trend is very worrying. It is, therefore, necessary to find measures that can be used to address this problem. A change of lifestyle is one of the measures that many medical researchers have proposed. In this study, the researcher seeks to determine if it is possible to change the negative trend if the target population can engage in more physical activities. It will also be necessary to determine if a change in diet can help in protecting the target population from contracting the disease. Background of the Study According to World Health Organization (WHO), over 8% of Americans have type II diabetes. This percentage only presents what has been recorded officially in all the medical centers within the country. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that another 2% of Americans suffer from diabetes (Vora & Buse, 2012). However, they are yet to go for diagnosis either because the disease is still at its early stages or because of their ignorance. This means that 1 out of every 10 Americans suffer from diabetes. The report from these two leading health organizations is worrying. The fact that new cases are still being reported at very high rates is an indication that more needs to be done to arrest the situation. All the stakeholders including the doctors, the government, non-governmental bodies, and the public need to find a common way of addressing this problem
A veteran is an individual who served in the Air Force or Navy, who has been set free under circumstances other than discreditable ones. Veteran may also be defined as someone possessing enough experience in some field (Culhane 9). This person usually has a direct disclosure to operations of military conflict. Homelessness among veterans is an enormous setback that Americans are facing. There are a vast number of reasons as to why there is an alarming increase in the number of veterans (Eckholm 8). The veterans face a lot of problems including lack of basic needs like food and shelter; they are exposed to various types of diseases as well. Homeless veterans and their families come across major challenges, drug addiction being one of them. This includes both those having problems with alcohol and those addicted to drug abuse (Culhane 1999). According to a study done by Interagency Council on Homelessness, it was found out that forty nine percent of veterans had encountered problems with alcohol and thirty one percent had encountered problems related to drugs. As compared to homeless non-veterans’ alcohol and drug abuse was found to be more prevalent in homeless veterans. Some of these veterans can not get jobs after leaving the forces. This is a major hindrance to stability among the veterans as they are not in a position to provide themselves with basic needs. The lack of jobs leads to idleness which is the major cause of the veterans’ addiction to drug abuse. Others struggle psychologically with the war after their long term serving the nation. The psychological struggle they go through is chiefly due to the trauma they endure during their serving term. Lack of family support is also another challenge to the veterans (Culhane 21). Veteran women undergo higher unemployment rate compared to males mainly due to the fact that women are less probable to attain employment that can generate them with enough money for their needs as well as for permanent housing. On getting back to the civilian life, women usually experience other challenges (Eckholm 8). In case left untreated, these traumas will result into economic crises due to despair and emotional instability. Some of them include;  1. Substance abuse  2. Posttraumatic anxiety  3. Traumatic brain injury.  4. Military
Introduction The chosen issue for this analysis is to determine whether the spread of various surveillance technologies threaten privacy or not. It is known that technology leads to the development of gadgets that help in daily human operation procedures. In this process, there are various challenges that people or citizens may face while implementing such applications. A challenge is privacy issues, which arise because of surveillance programs. The fact is that surveillance is systematic monitoring or investigation of all actions and communication of a person or persons. Surveillance is a wide field, which includes closed circuit TV cameras, telephone bagging, accessing electronic database and even proximity cards (Gavison 76). Overview of the chosen Issue The issue of surveillance is controversial, because it brings out two arguments based on privacy. While one side argues that it does not warrant any privacy, the other school of thought argues that it enhances security for people (Brands106). Security is one of the benefits that have been embraced. However, there are other negative impacts on technology. People would always think of privacy as being right. Unfortunately, this confuses, because a distinction between legal rights and moral rights is not made. Privacy has got several dimensions, namely personal behavior privacy, individual privacy, personal communication privacy and privacy of any personal data. This brings out controversies at the privacy level, when certain surveillance methods are used to get information from the public. Explanation for feeling strongly about the issue The following discussion highlights some claims that support the strong feeling about the chosen issue. Privacy is Threatened The first side of the argument has claimed that surveillance interferes with privacy. This is because, when one is observed by a hidden CCTV camera, privacy is not guaranteed in any way. In the magazine article named ‘Privacy and the Limits of Law’, the author Ruth Gavison has pointed out that perfect privacy is impossible to be achieved most of the times with the emerging technologies in the world (Gavison 42). The rapid loss of privacy is because individuals have become subjects of attention to other persons, the government or organizations interested. One can be monitored secretly on whatever activity is done without his knowledge or not being informed of the process. Organizations may fix the CCTV cameras at the work place, which actually undermine privacy of the employee most of the times he or she is in premises. Garison continued pointing out that it is “true whether the intension is conscious and inadvertent or purposeful” (Gavison 57). Because of this, if people take privacy as an essential element of the democratic society, which can foster and encourage the moral autonomy of all citizens, people must reflect upon infringements, which take place in our societies in general (Gavison 65). Surveillance advancements in more complex technologies and continuous developments more experienced in the design of database coupled
Introduction For many years, people have lived in conditions of state-legal reality. During the mankind evaluation process, dozens of theories and doctrines were created, and hundreds or even thousands assumptions expressed. Presently, arguments considering the nature of the State and its role are numerous. However, there is nothing surprising in that. It is entirely understandable as each of the theories examines different views and perceptions of various groups, classes, nations and others social communities on that process. The aim of this work is to examine some of the basic theories to consider the causes of their diversity. Historical studies of State formation have shown that when states were formed, many of the institutional properties (although they were later to be taken for granted) were objects of conscious choice and objects of struggle hence eliciting debate. Just like any other period that was characterized by rapid transformation, the structural properties of institutional forms are likely to be objects of debate and disagreements (Stephen 1982). While considering the problems of state evaluation one should take into account that the process of state formation itself is ambiguous. In the past, evaluation of the state was described within one or a couple primitive causes. Nowadays, it is thought that state is evaluated mostly because of a mixture of complex factors. It is very important to distinguish two absolutely different types in a formation process that include historical and time frameworks, causes and conditions of state evaluation. It is also important that one should look at the initial process of state formation on a public arena, when there were no such entities as states at all. It is a process of state-legal, institutional and organizational occurrence based on relationships which were developed before state and legal formation came to be (Woods 1981). On the other hand, the process of evaluation of the new states on a basis of previously existed ones also should be taken into consideration. Essentially, evaluation of new states is still in progress. Quite common is the emergence of 15 new countries as a consequence of the Soviet Union collapse in 90‘s. More recent is South Sudan gain of independence from Sudan by means of a referendum in 2011. There are more examples of nations that have proclaimed independence, despite the fact that they are not recognized internationally (Abkhazia, South Ossetia). It can be noted that different factors play an important role in a state formation process. For example, in the case of USSR, it resulted from economic factors which finally led to instability. In the case of South Sudan, it is political infighting, but generally it is a mixture of various factors that come together in a certain point. Despite the various factors and causes that are ess
The Ignatian vision is one of the perspectives from which it is possible to study the creation of humanity, people’s relationship with God, and the ethical principles of life. Creation is the major theme of Ignatius’s “The First Principle and Foundation,” which, by definition, provides the basic understanding of how the world is organized. This essay focuses on the concept of creation and the morale of humans’ life, as well as how these theological claims are related to other sacred texts. In the Ignatian theological context, creation is the source of life and is what allowed humanity to emerge. Life in this text is presented as a gift from God, who granted it to people. Other things created by Him exist “to help them in working toward the end for which they are created.” Therefore, the creation of human beings was not God’s sole goal, and life is not the reason for humans’ existence. According to Ignatius’s vision of life, “the end” is the final destination of every human, and God’s creation of people is what leads them to it. Therefore, creation is seen as the beginning of the long way towards God, and the things created by Him should help humans in this lifetime journey. An important message related to the theme of creation is that people should respect God’s gifts and make the right ch