ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The proposed installations and experiments in the scope of the announced Chinese space program, although based on the existing technology and body of research, will provide unique insights into their respective fields of study. The surveillance of the environment and the prediction of natural disasters system will be innovative in comparison to the existing satellite-based system (1). It will be the first of its kind and possess greater accuracy and prediction capabilities. Greater magnifying capabilities, as well as telescopes and photography, will enable tracking not only the weather patterns, streams, and changes in the environment, but also the pathways of animal migration in the effort of predicting natural disasters and assessing their impact (3). This information will be valuable to humanity, as it would aid in avoiding natural disasters, predicting them, and conductive preemptive evacuations (2). Cloud-Aerosol Transport System will be innovated in comparison to the existing CATS module, which was shut down on the ISS in 2017, as it would feature five spectral frequencies, in which aerosol clouds and particles would be scanned, and not two (1). It would enable the astronauts to conduct more in-depth observations of the environment and provide accurate data about pollution, greenhouse gasses, and other aerosols found in the atmosphere (2). The value of this experiment to humanity cannot be overstated, as many pollutants, especially greenhouse gasses, have the potential of drastically altering the existing climate patterns (3). Lastly, the solar energy particle event forecasting system will feature the most advanced orbital radio telescope with the greatest interferometry baselines, with them extending over 350,000 km (1). It would enable studying space objects at incredible distances, with approximation rates more accurate than those of Hubble Space Telescope and the Russian Spektr-R (2). Humanity would benefit from the provided data, as it would enhance our understanding of the universe and allow studying relativist streams, neutron stars, and black holes.
Introduction The instruction provided describes the cleaning process of the filter at the washing machine. The design of automatic washing machines includes such elements as filters: drain and inlet, which protect equipment from pollution and breakdowns. Cleaning the drain or inlet filter is one of the defensive operations that should be carried out periodically. The process represented can be carried out both in a professional workshop and at home, and the paper presented is explicitly aimed at an unprofessional audience, that is, at average users. In recent years, the number of applications of washing and drying machines has increased; the written guidance can be accessible among broad layers of users of the equipment. Firstly, home cleaning of the filter increases its service life and improves the productivity of the machine itself. Secondly, the amount of microplastic in the water rises every day, and filters need more frequent cleaning, which in workshops can be considerably expensive (Hoang, p. 26). Thirdly, rinsing the filter prevents many types of breakdowns in washing machines and thereby prevents repairs and waste by the consumer. Drain Filter Cleaning Wastewater is cleaned of various debris (coins, buttons) using a drain filter. The filter element may become clogged by the presence of impurities and heavy items in the water. Cleaning is necessary to prevent small organic and inorganic pollutants from entering the pump (draining and pumping out the dirty waste liquid after washing or excess water after rinsing) and nozzles (used to connect drains), which can damage parts. Signs indicating the need for the procedure are:   * the termination of all functions;   * difficulties in draining the liquid, during which it slows down or completely stops;   * the system instantly turns off after switching to spin mode;   * the rinse function is not performed. Each of these marks is a signal to take steps to free the filter from debris. Before removing the filter, it is necessary to stock up on a container for draining water and dry rags, covering them with a machine and slipping them under the bottom. The fact is that even after discharge, a certain amount of water remains in it. Rags absorb liquid and protect the floor from moisture. It will be necessary to shut off the water and disconnect the machine from the electrical network to
The personality of the brilliant African American chemist and botanist George Washington Carver seems to be reduced nowadays to “the man who worked with peanuts”. This remarkable person has made a revolution in farming, enlightened the Tuskegee Institute, and has reached the fame that was hard to achieve being an African American in the 19-20 th century US. For historians and human right activists he has served as a living rebuttal of ethnocentric and racist theories. For farmers, he was the savior of Southern agriculture. For religious people, he was an epitome of faith and humility. What is left of this person is “the Peanut Man” image and a monument in Diamond, Missouri, where George Washington Carter was born. Mistakenly believed to have invented peanut butter – which he has not – George Washington Carver is a complex and ambiguous personality, which seems to be somewhat mistreated by history and public recognition. George Washington Carver comes from Diamond Grove, Missouri. The exact date of his birth is unknown, but it is estimated to be in the mid-1860s. Carver had never excelled in health, which is why, coming from a slave family, he has never been sent to work in the fields. Instead, the boy did gardening. He also developed a passion for watching Nature in its ways and was very talented with plants (Kremer 3-4). At the age of 12, George Washington Carver stepped out on the platform in Iowa on his geas to get educated. The Simpson College has shown the young man the beauty of art, in which he also proved to be gifted. Nevertheless, having set and reset his priorities, Carter chose the path of agriculture and went to the Iowa State University in the beginning of 1890s. He turned out to be the first African American youth to ever make an attempt to enter the Iowa State. Also, he was the first ever African American to work at an educational institution. He was invited to teach at Tuskegee Institute, Alabama, in 1886. Working as a professor, George Washington Carver got the chance to begin his research (Hersey 14-16). Having arrived at Tuskegee, however, George Washington Carver had to face the shortage of funds, which forced him to personally construct the laboratory and equipment he needed. With the help of his students, Carver did it literally out of trash: they made things out of garbage they encountered. We are fully aware of the concept of recycling, but at the end of the 19 th century, these trash raids were ahead of the time. Nevertheless, the lab was built – and the results of the research have brought George Washington Carver fame and recognition, at least back then. He has conducted a phenomenal research featuring sweet potatoes, which could be used for producing wood fillers, sweets, flours, and more (Hersey 135-137). In 1916, his well-known research bulletin “How to Grow the Peanut and 105 Ways of Preparing it For Human Consumption” was brought out (Hersey 258). The bulletin proved very helpful for farm
The Whig Party was one of the political parties in the U.S. that was formed during the Jacksonian period of democracy that was from the early 1830s to the mid 1850s. The name Whig was chosen in honor of a group referred to as American Whigs formed in 1776 to fight for the country’s independence. People who wore Whigs during that time were seen to oppose any tyranny and dictatorship. The Political ideology of the Whig Party was to support the supremacy of Congress over that of presidency in the United States. The party also focused on political ideologies that were centered on modernization and economic protectionism (Mueller 11) The Whigs, who were modernizers and supporters of President Jefferson’s democracy, saw President Andrew Jackson as a threat to the modernization of the economic, social and political forces in the country during that time. This parricular Party drew its political principles from the Jeffersonian democratic system that mostly centered on national unity, concession, a balance in regime control and support of the country’s transport network. The Whig party served to dissuade the Jacksonian Democrats who supported the governance and political ideologies of President Jackson (Mueller 12). One of the founders of the Party was Henry Clay who came up with the American system, a concept that promotes the rapid industrialization and economic growth of America during the Jacksonian era. The Whig party demanded the government’s support so that it could create a modern economy that was market oriented. This economy would see the skills and expertise of workers being utilized more than their physical strength. Bank credit and bank services would count more than land ownership or the ownership of assets. The party sought to increase industrialization in the country by proposing a business oriented money supply that was based on the national bank and a program th
Introduction Innovations and policy systems are integral parts of the economic development process that is accompanied by structural transformation. Considering the interrelated nature of the above elements, there is a need to pay particular attention to incorporating science, technology, and innovation into policies. Such an approach can trigger change processes and technological learning, which, in turn, determine the success of sustainable development (Raven and Walrave, 2020; Rogge, Kern, and Howlett, 2017). A range of areas is impacted by the need to focus on the co-evolution of policy and innovations, including health and well-being, education, clean water, life below water and on land, poverty, inequality, climate action, clean energy, sustainable communities, as well as responsible production and consumption. Therefore, this paper focuses on the examination of the dynamics of the joint evolution of policy and innovation. Examining the Co-Evolution of Innovations and Policy Mix Reasons for Aligning Policy and Innovations Sustainability-centered innovation systems can be defined as the networks of institutions that design, adjust and diffuse technologies to decrease the environmental impacts. It is critical to move from considering the business as a traditional model for profit towards applying sustainable strategies and a green economy. Ely et al. (2013) emphasize that there is a need for creating new institutions that should prioritize and encourage eco-innovations, which is especially pertinent to the private sector of business. The case of Rio+20 shows that the practices of indigenous peoples are representative of biodiversity preservation and promotion, which can be used as an example of facilitating entrepreneurship in developing countries (Ely et al. , 2013). In this connection, corporate sustainability reporting is one of the initiatives that imply a transparent and comprehensive clarification of a firm’s solutions. Hybrid approaches to linking policy and innovation systems emerge as the ways to ensure business sustainability. Compared to grassroots innovation and green industrialization approaches, they are largely non-governmental and crowd-sourced in nature (Edmondson, Rogge, and Kern, 2020). The cooperative motivations of hybrid approaches are driven by shared technologies and the intersection of local and global knowledge. Examples of hybrids in the UK include Big Barn, the Food Assembly, Farm Drop, et cetera. It becomes evident that the identified approach has the most convincing opportunities for transformational change across the sectors of the economy. Speaking of policy implications, it is essential to state that their governance of co-evolving innovations is the key challenge. The hybrid approaches require paying attention to infrastructure and network facilitation, financial issues, indigenous capabilities, and reg
Cost Leadership Walmart’s main business strategy focuses on building and maintaining cost leadership in the market. The company’s slogan reads, “Everyday low price”. This highlights its main focus on cost leadership. The strategy entails offering the same market products offered by rival firms at lower costs, but without compromising the quality. Walmart manages to achieve this objective by relying on a highly efficient supply chain management that only avails products to the consumers at the right time when they need them. This eliminates additional costs that come from holding stock within the company’s premises (Schermerhorn 223). Walmart uses a sophisticated technology to interconnect its operations with those of the suppliers. In essence, information about stock levels within the company is relayed in real time. The sophisticated IT system relays the information to the suppliers immediately every time consumers purchase a commodity from the retailer. This makes it possible for the suppliers to monitor the stock-levels at any given time. Thus, restocking occurs at the opportune time just when the clients need the products and in the exact quantity. The ‘in-time’ logistics in the company has been the main reason behind its cost leadership in the market. The retailer also sells products in smaller quantities to allow its customers to pay less (Schermerhorn 223). Walmart acquires goods packed in large quantities, but it repacks them in much smaller quantities for sale at reduced prices. This sustains its “Everyday low prices” slogan. The true meaning of the slogan would not be achieved if the firm decided to sell the commodities in the large packaged quantities that it acquires from the supplier. Differentiation Strategy Walmart pursues a differentiation strategy whose main objective is to offer products and services that are unique in the market. Although the firm is not involved in manufacturing, Walmart stocks products that are specifically packaged in branded material. The company has invested heavily in repackaging materials to enable it achieve the differentiation mission. Additionally, Walmart offers unique warranties that other rival retailers in the market do not offer (Daft 253). This creates a unique feeling among the consumers, making them believe that the experience is only available in Walmart and not from any other retailer. Acquisition Strategy Walmart has focused its efforts on market acquisition as a way of expanding its market presence. The firm considers acquiring other already existing retailer firms in foreign markets and maintaining their original names to cope with the globalization phenomenon and increasing market competition among rival retailers. This is the case in most conservative markets where a foreign trade name may not augur well with the company. Walmart also considers acquiring and merging with other businesses outside the retail industry as a way of expanding its portfolio. This also helps in spreading the company’s risks evenly (Daft 255). Walmart,
Passage One “The Tao that can be told is not the eternal Tao” (Lao-tzu 1). Here is the quintessential component of Taoism: the belief in the limits of language and reason in understanding the nature of the universe. What this means is that a person who claims to know the Tao, and tells this knowledge, is in fact reporting a component of the Tao, but not the Tao in its eternal sense. That person is telling of something the Tao has produced, making that something of the Tao, but not the Tao in its infinite totality. This is restated in the next line of the passage: “The name that can be named is not the eternal name” (Lao-tzu 1). This repeat, fundamentally, the same idea, suggesting that by the time a thing comes into the realm of human perception, it has long since sprung from the eternal spirit of all that both is and animates. That is what is meant by the next line of the passage, “The named is the mother of ten thousand things” (Lao-tzu 1). What this communicates is the connection between what we can see and name, and all that named thing is responsible for its existence, all the way back to the Tao itself. From here, the passage changes its focus from describing the mystery of the Tao, to explaining how one’s perceptions are manipulated by want. “Ever desireless, once can see the mystery” (Lao-tzu 1). This is the next line of the passage. “The mystery” refers to what a person can recognize without desire; it is an element of the Tao. The mystery is what a person can appreciate when untainted by desire: the ineffable nature of all one can sense, but not fully grasp. However, “desiring, one sees the manifestations” (Lao-tzu 1). The manifestations are those things in the first part of the passage that can be told and named. The manifestations are those things that can be desired, which is why, while desiring, those manifestations are all that a person can see. “These two springs from the same source, but differ in name; this appears as darkness” (Lao-tzu 1). “These two” are the manifestations and the mystery, and the source is the Tao. The fact that these two things spring from the same Tao, but differ, to a human is beyond what can be fully illuminated, which is why it “appears as darkness” (Lao-tzu 1) Darkness accepted and observed, darkness acknowledged and perceived, is “The gate to all mystery” (Lao-tzu 1). The mystery here refers to the shadows of our own reason—the innate contradictions in the language we use to classify and express all we sense—and the mystery this vale our reason in. Passage Fifty-Three “If I have just a little sense, I will walk on the main road and my only fear will be of straying from it” (Lao-tzu 53). These lines refer to a phenomenon that can be witnessed today. Those of modest intelligence do not question what is mainstream. They “walk on the main road” and their major concern is not “straying” from that avenue. This is a very easy thing to accomplish, “But people love to be sidetracked” (Lau-tzu 53). The first four lines of this passage are a description of the irrational, unquestioning, and common ways of most people. Charging themselves with the simplest of tasks, they sti
Introduction The Republic of India is a Constitutional Democracy located in South Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan. It has an area of one third the area of United States. The country is made up of 28 states and seven union and national territories. The constitution came into force on 26 th January 1950 and she is known for the largest democratic country in the world. The country is now ruled by Indian National Congress led- United Progressive Alliance (UPA) headed by Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh, who is generally acknowledged as one of the main architects of India’s economic reform program which began in the early 1990. Foreign relations As regards the Foreign Relations are concerned, the country has been constantly trying to keep good relations with the rest of the world. Since Independence in 1947, it has been seeking to position itself as a major international player. In addition to that, it has been at the forefront of the activities of developing countries. The country is a major power in the South Asia and has got the status of full dialogue partner with ASEAN and has been admitted as a member of the ASEAN Regional Forum. The country is also a member of the East Asian Summit along with Australia and New Zealand. (Web.) The relationship with United States of America has been a major concern for the country for economical and security reasons. The recent visit of the former President of the U.S. Mr. George.W.Bush and its aftermath underscore the bilateral relationship that both the countries aim at for the past several years. The historic civil nuclear agreement between the two countries paved the way for a strategic partnership, which is closer than ever before. Economic Overview The Indian Economy is characterized by a wide spectrum of activities. Its economy is comprised of many areas ranging from information technology to agriculture. Basically, the country is an agricultural one and for the last few years it has been facing severe problems in Agriculture and allied activities. The agriculture crisis which took shape in the country recently affected the rural economy, which is said to be the backbone of the country. But, the other areas like information technology have been flourishing which resulted in becoming the country one of the largest economic players in the world. Over the last two decades, the economy structure has changed from manufacturing-led development model to service-led development model. Despite these changes and resultant progress in economic growth, certain factors still troubles the economic well being of the country. High fiscal deficit, high inflation rate, etc are some of the factors which have become a headache for the government. The following table gives a glimpse at the crucial economic indicators of the country for the last Five Yea
Introduction Promotion is one of the components of the marketing mix. Kurtz, MacKenzie and Snow (2010) define promotion as “the function of informing, persuading and influencing the consumer’s purchase decision” (p.464). Thus, promotion is one of the important steps on the way to increasing a company’s profit. However, the question arises: what if profit is not the focus of a company’s activity? The purpose of a not-for-profit organization is offering services to the citizens. Like any for-profit company, a not-for profit organization has income from its operation and employs staff whose work is paid; however, the surplus income is not distributed to its owners or shareholders: it is used as compensation for an organization’s services that are provided for a public purpose and is directed to advancing its purpose. Nevertheless, in their operation, not-for-profit organizations also have to apply marketing techniques to promote their services. We will discuss development of a promotional brochure of Niagara Folk Arts Multicultural Center, a not-