ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The mission statement for the GAH and Community Clinic The mission of the GAH and Community Clinic is to enhance the health of the general community by setting high standards in patient care. We aim to achieve a smooth shift from hospital to community-based care for the aged. The organizational diagram depicting the organizational structure of the existing Mission Hospital, Children’s hospital, and the proposed Golden Age Hospital, and the Community Clinic. Organizational Structure   * It is important to note that all hospitals will fall under the existing MVH.   * That is, where required the GAH/CC will be referring patients to MVH.   * It must be understood that although the hospital mainly serves the aged, other people also access these services.   * Moreover, most of the services included in the diagram above are offered by each individual health center.   * However, the three health care facilities share information systems, medical laboratory, imaging, emergency medicine, cardiology neurology and blood bank. Organizational relationships between the structure blocks Other than the services they share, the other relationship is purely administrational (Simonet, 2005). This include the hospital president, vice president, executive assistants and departmental heads (Pitts, Carrier, Rich & Kellermann, 2010). The health centers relate in the sense that they are headed by one president. Each health care center is managed by a vice president who reports to the president. Thus, the president oversees the operations of all the hospitals. He specifically ensures that these facilities are delivering the most appropriate, safest as well as highest quality care to all patients regardless of the financial capability (Robinson & Ginsburg, 2009). All heads of departments, as well as freestanding hospital vice presidents report to the hospital president. The number of beds at the hospital Golden Age Hospital (GAH) will have about 200 beds, while the community clinic will have about 70 beds. Beds have been allocated based on the population in the area; a retirement community of more than 23,000 residents aged 55 and older is served by the Golden Age Hospital (GAH). The facility is allocated 200 beds, and retirement community of more than 3,000 residents age 55 and older which is served by the community clinic is allocated less number of beds respectively. With this, beds have not been allocated based on the number of patients it can admit. It must be recognized that being a hospital under an existing referral hospital, most complicated cases will always be referred to the former. The community clinic will mostly handle delivery cases, but in the case of a major operation, the patient will be referred to the main referral hospital. In addition, when there are many patients at the newly established centers. The alternative is not to expand to number of beds or wards. The best alternative under th
Existing market size   * The existing market for electric and hybrid engine drive system is considerably huge.   * Hybrid cars are already in use in the United States, Europe, Canada, and many other parts of the world.   * In Netherlands, there have been an attempt to promote the use of bicycle as a way of protecting the environment.   * Most of the existing firms are yet to exploit the markets in China, India, and parts of Africa.   * These regions have an emerging middle class people who are keen on purchasing products associated with class. Projected Market Growth   * The market for Electric and Hybrid drive system has been consistently rising.   * Environmentalists have been championing for the reduction in the consumption of petroleum products.   * Most consumers use hybrid and electric cars as a way of conserving the environment.   * Rising cost of petroleum products contributes to the growth of the market for electric engines. Market profitability   * MSF Technologies operate 30% more efficiently,   * It is 30% lighter than others.   * It has a manufacturing cost of 20% less than conventional cars and,   * It removes the risk created when using rare earth materials from the global supply chain.   * That the technology cuts the production costs by 20 per cent.   * The technology will increase the profitability of the firm in the market. Route to market   * Route to market is a highly powerful and effective methodology for driving and enhancing profitable growth for organizations..   * There are different Route to Market options and they include Direct RTM, Wholesale RTM, Importer RTM, Strategic partnerships and Online RTM.   * Direct RTM is an effective method and a good choice for companies that want to establish their own distribution and market centers in a new market. Its also a good method for making personal contact with the customers.   * However, it is risky, expensive and time consuming.   * Wholesale RTM provides a good channel for producers to reach out for remote and distant markets.   * Wholesalers are likely to develop customer-company relationships in the market.   * However, it attracts low profit margins (PM).   * Importer RTM is a reliable, efficient, cheap and easy method of entering foreign markets.   * It requires minimal control over branding.   * Importers will be required to make prompt payments before they are supplied with the products.   * It is a good method because of a high number of people willing
Definition of International Law Defined differentially by various scholars; however, the universal consensus is that international law comprises a set of rules, standards and principles of general application related to the conduct of States and of international entities in their global interactions with each other and with private players, minority groupings and transnational organizations. For example, the International Criminal Court (ICC) uses a set of rules and standards established under the international criminal law to punish those who commit genocide, crimes against humanity and other serious crimes irrespective of national rules of their own countries. The principle sources of international law documented in the literature include:   * International conventions or treaties that establish rules and regulations explicitly recognized by contesting countries;   * Customary international law, as evidence or verification of a common practice accepted as law;   * The general principles of law accepted by enlightened states;   * Judicial decisions and teachings of the most highly competent publicists of various countries, as supplementary means for the determination of standards and rules of law. There are three typologies
Introduction Cyber crime is a growing global problem. Despite intense efforts by law enforcement officers to stop the practice, cyber crime continues to spread. Brenner (2010) says that partly, the growth of cyber crime stems from the extra-territorial nature of the practice. On the contrary, Wall (2007) argues that the growth of cyber crime mainly stems from the changing nature of such crimes. The abuse of new technology has also led to the spread of this practice. Consequently, there have been rising numbers of cyber attacks in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US). These countries have reported cyber crimes for many years and despite the increased attempts to curb their spread, they continue to increase. Loader (2012) reports that developed countries, which do not have an established internet connection also, report increased incidences of cyber crime. The American government has taken cyber security with utmost importance. In fact, the US Homeland Security considers America as a thriving ground for cyber crimes. This is because America is not only a victim of such attacks, but also the source of most attacks (Schell 2004). The Anti-Phishing Working Group recently produced new statics that show the growth of cyber crimes within the past year (Chik 2012). Increased awareness of cyber crime in the UK and America has largely informed the rise in the number of cyber crime litigation in both countries. However, most of these litigations do not have a common legislative basis. This paper explores the nature of cyber crime in the context of the law of defence (in the US and the UK). From this analysis, this paper highlights the legal underpinnings of UK and US laws on self-defence. A lot of emphasis is made to compare the application of the law of defence on cyber crime, viz-a-viz the application of the same laws in the “physical world.” In this regard, this paper explores the law of defence (as outlined by the UN), the right to bear arms, and the implications of these laws in the cyberspace. UK and US Laws on Cyber Crime America Since federal and state governments govern American states, the process of formulating laws divides between the state and federal governments. Usually, state laws are more applicable to cyber crime, unless there is a special situation where there is a need for Federal intervention (Chik 2012). For example, when cyber crime threatens national security, Federal cyber laws may apply. Alternatively, when the prevention of cyber crime requires the uniform application of law, the Federal government may intervene in the formulation (or enforcement) of such laws. Therefore, because of the distributed functions of state and federal governments, both governments have contributed in the formulation
Introduction Watson Pharmaceutical is one is a foremost pharmaceutical sphere company that expands, produces, markets, and allocates brand and generic pharmaceutical productions. With one of the widest product contributions in the U.S. generics sphere and a track record of service fineness, Watson has earned a concrete reputation as a reliable and low-cost producer of quality pharmaceutical products. In spite of all these achievements in the sphere of pharmacy, Watson’s company experiences serious troubles with documentation. These are primarily the errors, which lead to missing of information, illegibility of information, overwrites and there are no initial and date for cross-outs. It should be stated, that insufficient documentation can be outlined to the origin of a host of matters in the health care sphere – from inferior patient care to economic thrashing. Chart The chart reveals the process of information procedure, from the stage of its providing, till the stage of request in the case of necessity, and its application. In the case of Watson Pharmaceuticals, it is necessary to mention, that the problem occurs mainly on the stage of data storing, but also at the stage of analysis. Impact on customers Documentation is significant only if the data it expresses addresses the entrepreneur and consumer requirements, is nearby, kept up to date, and transported on time. As there is not presently a policy that spells out the procedures and responsibilities linked with managing the huge amount of data that has been concentrated, existing documents are not presently arranged in a globally meaningful way. The process delineated in this document seeks to terminate fragmented, out-of-date, and hard-to-situate documents by implementing regulations and practices that standardize how data resources are levered. Some documents need to be made attainable for estimation by members of the intended audience before ultimate issuing. To create the feedback, the document should be evaluated and promoted to a draft position. The draft should be issued to the “For Stakeholders” sphere of the website with a requirement for comments and a limit for feedback to be got. Once the deadline has been bypassed, any offerings received should be regarded by t
Recently, the nature of demands on MANs and WANs has changed dramatically; this is as seen in the Haukland University case study. Previous WAN technologies such as T-lines or X.25, were not complying with the needs of users. Users were expecting higher data rates, lower costs, efficient handling of high data transmissions, and less overhead. In light of this, network technologies that are currently implemented to meet the user’s requirements include frame relay, ATM and Ethernet MANs. Frame Relay is a virtual-circuit technology the offers low-level services in response to the demands of high data rates at a lesser cost, bursty data, and improved transmission media (Forouzan, 2005, p. 525). In its operation, the frame relay provides constant virtual and switched virtual links. DTEs bond users to the system while the DCEs switches direct the frames through the connection. Therefore, frame relay is normally used as a WAN to connect LANs or mainframe computers. According to Stallings (2005), the advantages of frame relay relevant to its offerings are: 1. it operates at a higher speed (1.544Mbps and recently 44.376Mbps). 2. Because it operates at the data-link and network layers, it can be implemented as a basis network that offers services to a standard that has a network layer. 3. Frame relay offers a variable data rate. Users don’t have to stick to a fixed data rate as in the case of X.25 or T-lines. 4. It allows a frame size of 900 bytes, which can handle all LAN frames. 5. Frame relay is cheaper than other conventional WANs. For the case of ATM: this is the cell relay standard implemented by the ATM forum and approved by the ITU-T (Stallings, 2005). The user contacts devices, known as endpoints, which are linked through a user-to-network interface (UNI) to the switches within the system. The switches are linked by network-to-network interfaces (NNIs). The data packet for this architecture is a cell composed of 53 bytes, operating for a data rate of up to 100Mbps and in the Gbps range thus eliminating the varying delay times associated with different sized packets. These offerings enable it to support high data rates than frame relay. Secondly, because of its switched nature, the ATM can handle real-time transmissions. Thirdly, the UNI interface increases the network performance and consistency since there is an existence of virtual paths. Thirdly, because of its LAN Emulation (LANE), an ATM switch can behave like a LAN switch. Last but not least, ATM offers enhanced network services since it can use a permanent virtual circuit (PVC) or a switched virtual circuit (SVC). On the other hand, the Ethernet MAN is a high-speed data connectivity that offers a simple, cost-effective way of networking several stations. It has a data rate of 2- 1000Mbps and enhanced network services. This protocol is designed to use optical fiber. According to Telestra, the characteristics of Ethernet MANs include bandwidth on command, applications such as bandwidth co
Education is the process of training learners so as to endow them with skills; to change their character for the better and to change their behavior positively. Human development refers to the process through which a human being develops from childhood to adult hood through a number of stages. Learning is the process through which the learners acquire knowledge, skills from the teacher by being taught by the teacher. Self esteem refers to the ability of an individual to view themselves with high regards as they view other people. High self esteem is normally a great drive in achieving greater things than could have been imagined. While low self esteem is normally a discouraging factor and normally affects individuals who have little belief in themselves and are normally afraid of making any initiatives. In a classroom environment, it is normally important that the teacher helps the learners to develop high self esteem. High self esteem is normally a motivator to the learners. The teacher can develop self esteem in the learners as he or she teaches. This normally involves appreciation of the learners. The teacher could use words of appreciation that will encourage the learners to participate in class; words such as good attempt, keep it up, well done and so on really provide a lot of positive motivation to the learners (Fernandez, 2008). Security, also be referred to as protection is essential for learners in classroom environment. The classroom environment including the buildings and the classroom accessories need to be in good condition so as to enhance the learner’s security. School achievement is normally a collective responsibility of all the learners and the teachers. Since the performance of every individual learner contributes to the overall school performance, the teachers should ensure that all the learners are effectively involved in the learning process. He or she can involve groupwork, tuitions and special classes to help the weaker students. This will help in strengthening a point not well understood during the normal lessons and as a result improving the overall school performance in the long term. The three strategies can be involved during a laboratory experiment for a science practical. The teacher can group the learners. He or she can then consider making the groups compete for the best performance. Since the laboratory equipments and some of the chemicals used are very dangerous, the teacher can consider involving the laboratory technicians or assistants to help him/her to guide the learners and prevent any possible accidents. At the end of the practical experiments, the teacher can consider assisting the group that performed poorly and teach them on how to do the practical accurately. The laboratory practical also enables the learners to apply the knowledge gained in class in practice or in real life situations (Harrison, 2002 p. 168). The introduction of competition in the groups is a motivating factor that will boost
Introduction Racial inequality is a matter of concern where class differences exist almost in any society in the world and the United States in no different in this respect. Inequality of course need not come from differences in race alone. It can come about due to disparity in income, being a member of a minority group, by being socially or culturally different. Whatever may the reason for inequality and intolerance, this situation has resulted in such groups (subjected to inequality) reacting to such injustice in some way or the other. Some may just accept passive indifference or acceptance while other may find ways to reduce this inequality by some means (through education, hard work etc). Still others may resort to more aggressive behavior that will be manifested through violence, protests (both violent and non-violent). This paper is aimed at studying such a reaction to racial inequality and discrimination which has resulted in the formation of gangs in their locality, neighborhood and even across wider areas. It will focus on the gangs themselves, why they formed in the first place, the relationships and class differences within the gangs, the relationships between rival gangs and how the society perceives such activity. The focus will also be more the point of view of the gangs and their members. Minority status and discrimination According to The International Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (I.C.E.R.D) racial discrimination “ shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, color, descent or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.” (Phillips). This comprehensive definition from an organization for minority rights also indicate that it is generally the minority groups in a country that is subject to racial discrimination. Before moving on to the topic under study, it would be proper to explain the term minority. The term minority also gives a feeling that a group can be considered as such if they are smaller in number when compared to the group that practices racial discrimination. This in fact is not true and a group can be considered to be a minority or subordinate group if it satisfies all or the majority of the following conditions. They are unequal treatment, distinguishable physical
Introduction In March 2011, America’s Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) sought to address the need for a public product safety platform. Members of the public could access information regarding various products from this source (Laudon & Laudon 2013). Consequently, CPSC launched an online database, www.saferproducts.gov . From the website, the public can access data and opinions regarding the safety of a given consumer product. In addition, the users can submit their complaints directly into the database where all the information is located. Other users can read these complaints, including rating of products. CPSC gathers information from such parties as consumers, healthcare providers, and lobby groups. It also gets data from media accounts and death certificates (Laudon & Laudon 2013). Consequently, CPSC is able to come up with decisions regarding whether to ban or initiate product recalls. The consumer product safety database faced immense opposition from sections of the legislators and major product manufacturers (Laudon & Laudon 2013). The argument behind the opposition was that the database could be used maliciously against the manufacturers. For instance, individuals could submit inaccurate information about a given product. On their part, lawyers could use the misleading accounts to settle scores with companies. In this paper, the author is going to analyse the case study of the consumer safety website. A summary of the case study will be provided. In addition, the author will look at the value of the database, the controversy surrounding its launch, and entities affiliated to the website. In addition, the author will give their opinion on whether or not they will use the database to purchase a crib for their child. Summary of the Case The case study focuses on the need to come up with a consumer product safety database. The website was proposed and launched by Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) in 2011 (Laudon & Laudon 2013). The database was a response to the growing need for consumers to have information regarding the safety of products accessed by members of the public. Michelle Witte is depicted as one of the numerous parents who lost their children due to faulty products. The product in this case was in relation to a defective design in the previously popular drop-side cribs (Laudon & Laudon 2013). Witte was among the consumers advocating for a source of information or database providing members of the public with information touching on product safety. Apparently, Witte argues that if she had access to public information regarding the unsafe conditions of the drop-side cribs, then the death of her child could have been averted. The Value of the Consumer Product Safety Database to Consumers, Businesses, and the U.S. Government The house energy and commerce committee is considering putting in place legislations to regulate the use of the database and avert cases of its misuse for malicious intentions. For instance, the proposed legislations would regulate the submission of information on the database by consumers and other users. In addition, it will provide solutions on how to resolve clai