ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Musical Change The Beatles had a strong influence on the world of music – on artists’ inspiration, the development of musical directions, and other aspects, such as conducting concerts or studio recordings. The admirers of the group, among whom was such a famous person as Sting, became a separate phenomenon of history – Beatlemania (Chilton, 2019). Due to many fans, the group needed a convenient place for concerts. In this way, stadium rock appeared in 1965, which changed the existed concepts of rock concerts (Chilton, 2019). Their success marked the beginning of the most famous music festivals in history such as Monterey and Woodstock. Moreover, rock fans can only make assumptions about how the Rolling Stones or Led Zeppelin concerts would go without The Beatles’ influence. Their songs are simple and understandable and easily resonate among a large number of people. Many of them became classic and are the basis for creating new covers. Such esteemed artists as David Bowie, Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, and many others made cover versions of The Beatles’ songs (Chilton, 2019). The list of famous bands and singers later admitting in The Beatles’ influence is enormous. Consequently, it is not known how some compositions or even the complete style of Pink Floyd, The Smiths, and many others could sound. The Beatles were the trendsetters of new technical and experimental innovations. More than seven hundred hours spent recording Sgt Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band album helped other musicians take a different look at studios’ use (Chilton, 2019). Moreover, despite the rapid development of music and the emergence of many new bright artists, this group invariably remains a key figure in rock music. Social and Cultural Changes Due to the influence on many fans, the group members changed some of the people’s fashion habits, especially among teenagers. Sloppier clothing and hairstyles are simple steps that have contributed to individuality and personal freedom. The world’s enthusiasm for the group’s music began to unite peoples from various countries, even in such tense times as the Cuban crisis period (Chilton, 2019). It is significant to note that The Beatles appeared when the world needed hope (Chilton, 2019). I think such mass love makes the group a symbol of the era of hope and individuality, a unique cultural phenomenon. Thus, a world without The Beatles would be completely different not only in music and media, but also in everyday fashion, ways of manifesting individualism, and, possibly, in international relations. Popularity among Turkish Youth Despite the group’s greatness, I am sure that it is not popular among Turkish university youth now. Perhaps, they heard about them as a well-known group of the last century but were not interested in detail. For this reason, I am glad I had the opportunity to read Chilton’s article. It struck me that the work of the group crossing the borders of states attracted different peoples’ attention. I think that one of the essential functions of musical art is the establishment of connections between people. Watching some acquai
Abstract Leadership plays the role of inspiring followers to work collectively to achieve specific goals. Leadership is an organizational practice that not only influences the followers (employees), but also leaders in a manner that ensures that organizational objectives are achieved through change. The current research hypothesizes that leadership styles may influence performance levels for different organizations. Since leadership occurs in the presence of followers and a leader, employees can experience and identify the type of leadership that an organization deploys through observation and participation in organizational processes when certain styles of leadership are evident in the organization. This paper uses interviews and questionnaires to study Google, Yahoo, and Blackberry employee perceptions about various issues that are reflected in different leadership styles. Using the identified characteristics of transactional and transformational leadership styles in the literature review, the paper attempts to specify the leadership styles that each of the three organizations deploys using the primary data from the interview and questionnaires. It concludes that witnessed leadership styles in the organizations can reveal their differences in performance and competitive advantage. Introduction Yahoo, Blackberry, and Google
Description The exhibition called The Steins Collect was held in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It ran from 28 February to 3 June. Visitors could see the collection of Gertrude Stein and her brothers Michael and Leo, who were famous art patrons. The collection includes the works of such avant-garde painters as Henri Matisse, Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris and Francis Picabia (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2012, unpaged). Apart from that, the guests could see the works of American and French sculptors. It should be noted that the exhibitions organized in the Metropolitan Museum of Art differ from each another in terms of style, cultural background, or historical period. For example, one can mention the exhibitions of Dutch Renaissance paintings, Chinese drawings or even medieval chess figures. So, The Steins Collect could attract attention of many people who are interested in modernist art. Unfortunately, I could not attend this event in person, but I could view it online. Overall, when I was looking at these pictures, I thought that these artists wanted to show the inner world of a person, rather than his or her physical appearance. This is they tried to experiment with different colors which were supposed to reflect the feelings and emotions of an individual. They attempted invent a new artistic language and people can now look and appreciate their attempts. This was my initial expression. Analysis There are several things that unite these paintings, apart from the fact that they were collected by Gertrude Stein and her brothers. First of all, one can speak about artists’ biographical information. Their pictures were not appreciated by many of their contemporaries because they were opposed to conventi
Pregnancy is a happy event for many women, yet it is also a difficult period during which patients experience various changes in their health. Thus, it is the role of a nurse to prepare the patients for pregnancy and childbirth and evaluate their wellbeing to prevent or eliminate any arising issues. In Case Study 1, a 25-year-old female presents to the clinic with the belief that he is pregnant. She has symptoms of breast tenderness and nausea, as well as a pause in her menstrual cycle. Using the calculation based on the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP), one can estimate the due date to be around September 7, 2013 (Schuiling & Likis, 2017). The following plan outlines necessary procedures, tests, and treatments for a comfortable and safe pregnancy. Plan of Care First of all, it is vital to confirm the pregnancy and eliminate any differential diagnoses. For this purpose, the nurse has to collect appropriate health history, including the patient’s reproductive history, birth control methods, previous STIs, social history, and any relevant medical concerns (Tharpe, Farley, & Jordan, 2017). Then, such tests as a quantitative B-HCG, urine or serum HCG, TSH, and an ultrasound are performed (Schuiling & Likis, 2017). After establishing that the patient is pregnant, prenatal care planning can begin. The first step is to create a schedule for returning visits – they should occur every 4 to 6 weeks in the first 32 weeks, and 2 to 3 weeks before the 36 week starts. After that period, weekly check-ups are vital to assess the health of the patient and her baby. The initial evaluation of the pregnant woman’s health includes a comprehensive exam of all vital systems. Diagnostics for STIs, HIV, hepatitis B, varicella, sickle cell, cystic fibrosis, and other conditions ensure that all potential risks are examined (Tharpe et al., 2017). Testing also includes other infections as well as signs of mental health problems, abuse, vitamin deficiencies, malnutrition, and hormonal imbalance (World Health Organization, 2016). As the pregnancy progresses, the patient may have new problems with her health, and appropriate tests should reflect these concerns. The treatment for the patient relies entirely on her unique challenges. For instance, if she is experiencing nausea that disrupts her usual lifestyle, a nurse can recommend medications and herbal ailments. Nonetheless, most pregnant women are advised to take prenatal vitamins to maintain a healthy level of iron, folic acid, and calcium (World Health Organization, 2016). It is also essential to address the woman’s diet – a healthy diet rich in fibers is a priority. Moreover, vaccinations have to be comp
The article refers to judicial independence, identifies its meaning and theoretical explanations, and examines judicial systems in a classificatory way. Judicial independence is understood as “court autonomy from other actors” when a court is free in its decision-making and not influenced by political and other institutions (Ferejohn, Rosenbluth & Shipan, 2004, p. 3). The rationale of independence lies in the idea that society’s well-being is more stable when the community is governed by constitutional principles rather than political actors. If the level of intervention in decision rules, courts’ personnel, jurisdiction, case selection, and law enforcement is significant, the independence of the judiciary decreases. Judicial independence is characterized by statutory judicial review (courts may determine the regulatory agencies’ activity inconsistent with laws) and constitutional judicial review (constitutional courts may rule independently according to constitutionality) (Ferejohn, Rosenbluth & Shipan, 2004). The power of reviews is controversially accepted by democracies that tend to limit judicial independence. There are various reasons why judiciaries may be politically independent. If the political system is highly fragmented, courts have more freedom, while a coherent political majority headed by a president may shape the processes of courts’ decision-making (Ferejohn, Rosenbluth & Shipan, 2004). The authors provide examples of various countries where the reinforcement of political actors led to the restriction of the judiciaries’ independence. Nevertheless, scholars rely on the empirical measuring of judicial independence through the examination of the frequency of governmental actions’ overturning by the court and judiciaries’ reaction to nationalization. If constitutional courts frequently define the government’s laws as unconstitutional or reduce the government’s attempts to nationalize particular economic segments, it reflects high judicial independence. During any election, the court’s uncertainty about new political actors’ preferences inevitably increases and results in judicial actions that challenge the government. Reference Ferejohn, J., Rosenbluth, F., & Shipan, C. (2004). Comparative judicial politics. SSRN Electronic Journal , 1-28. Web.
Reflection Corporate governance gives the board of directors of companies the responsibility to oversee the management and direction of the company, and thus monitoring the company’s risk exposure. This implies that if the CEO poses a potential risk to a company, it is within the mandate of the company directors to ensure that the risk does not materialise and lead to loss of shareholders’ wealth. According to the research findings, high levels of trustworthiness perceptions about the CEO’s integrity lead to less monitoring by company directors (Del Brio et al., 2013). This finding implies that CEOs have a responsibility to work hard and prove to the board that they are trustworthy and able to lead a company’s strategic direction. These findings concur with the literature presented by Siladi (2006), who argues that CEOs often work hard in response to the greater monitoring pressure by the board of directors. Siladi argues that monitoring managerial actions is part of the board’s responsibility as the company needs to be vigilant against managerial malfeasance. This paper also establishes that the board is more likely to provide more resources to managers if the latter is frequently and effectively monitored. In retrospect, frequent monitoring and evaluation of CEOs result in high performance and integrity among the managers. This element is also found in Siladi’s research as it establishes that professionally managed firms have higher market-to-book ratios because of the periodic evaluation of the executive management by the board of directors (Siladi, 2006). Paper Critique This research paper is relevant to the body of existing literature regarding corporate governance. The study establishes a relationship between the director’s behaviour and the trustworthiness perception of company CEOs. As such, this study has found a correlation between increased director’s monitoring and performance evaluation of CEOs and their trustworthiness. The most significant aspect of this study is that it adds to the already existing literature on corporate governance and particularly the impacts of CEO trustworthiness on director’s monitoring. The research conducted by Del Brio et al. (2013) is also unique because, unlike much of the existing literature on corporate governance, this study has examined the behaviour of directors and chief executive officers. The study mainly focuses on the perception of the board of governors on the performance evaluation and monitoring of managers. Although this presents the unique aspect of the research, it is also an inherent source weakness. The study focuses on the interpersonal dimensions of the directors and managers. It is hard to study the relationship between managers and the
Executive summary This report presents the financial performance of Ashford hospitality trust, through an extensive analysis of financial ratios. Ashford is a hospitality company, which has operated for many years, and its financial performance has been relatively good. Essentially, these rations include those that reveal liquidity, profitability and capital structure of the entity. The implication of the three years rations have been critically analyzed, and their implication well spelt out. The report has also explained further information that needs to be reviewed to make the findings more meaningful. This performance analysis can be used by the management, the shareholders or the potential investors to identify with the performance of the company, and in particular assess its strengths and weaknesses. History of Ashford hospitality trust Ashford hospitality trust was founded in 1957 as a small coast hotel at the Los Angeles International Airport and continued its strategy to provide service with adore and excitement in upward, owning and in service hotels. At the end of the decade, Ashford hospitality trust had started the Ashford Regency Atlanta, in Georgia with a 21-story reception area in the west coast and in Chicago. By 1969, Ashford hospitality trust had extended globally, to develop into one of the major and principal US based devoted hotel administrative Corporation with 13 hotels across different states, and launched Ashford Hong Kong, which resulted to the establishment of Ashford hospitality trust. Today, Ashford fruitfully distinguishes itself within the aggressive hospitality market with six different brands; namely, Andaz brand, which was launched in 2007 – a complexity made simple delivered with a real warmness; Ashford Regency, which enables yield and renewal within a receptive, suitable and modern environment; Park Ashford, which is said to be a tactful and advanced collection located in stylish cities around the world and which epitomizes fresh comfort; Grand Ashford brands – they are some of the most architecturally remarkable hotels in the globe offering dazzling plan and a numerous of modern cooking and drink concepts; Ashford Place, which is intended for the decent lifestyle of today’ s multitasking business traveler; Ashford Summerfield Suites, a rediscovery of the all-suites, absolute residential hotel, which provides timely facilities and inviting, housing design. As Ashford properties celebrates about half a century of excellence in the hospitality industry with a portfolio that includes more than 365 hotels and resorts in over 45 countries, it proudly shares the core values across the Ashford brands such as upscale facilities, outstanding guest service, fashionable food and beverage series, and ground-breaking interior designs that integrate arts and local style. Jointly with all the company, associates and workers, it rejoices the personification of tender hospitality, custom of modernism, intensely integral servi
Education as a means of achieving self-determination and professional growth introduces a number of challenging perspectives. On the one hand, education should motivate and encourage students to learn what they are most interested in. On the other hand, the job market faces rigorous competition, which makes future professionals put aside from their personal goals and follow the competition. Within this context, grade system can clearly estimate people’s potential and ability to enter the job competition and achieve professional goals. However, in the search of professional recognition, people often ignore such important aspects as individuality and aspiration to learn subjects that do not have “practical” value, which is specifically predetermined by economic pressure. Using education as a means for getting a prestigious job can detach students from self-cognition and understanding of their individual aptness for a specific subject, should it be math of art. Following individual goals, but not the ones claimed by education and market, can also provide promising paths to professional promotion. Zinsser places an emphasis on the idea that students should release their thoughts from ideas about their future perspectives. I agree with the author’s idea that a learning process should not be associated with the necessity to conform to the established grading standards. On the contrary, it should provide students with a possibility to try their skills and abilities and understand what they are capable of. This process of trials and errors is essential and, therefore, students should not be afraid of failing an exam. Although the education system requires them to correspond to the established standards, it should not serve the bottom line for assessing students’ professional skills and gifts. In this respect, Zinsser writes, “…the road ahead is a long one and that it will have more unexpected turns than they think” (n. p.). Learning should, first of all, imply an experience itself, should it be negative or positive. I believe that the main problem of the educational system lies in lack of possibilities that students can use to cope with the failure during examination. In fact, if students do not pass, it does not mean they lost. The very existence of this possibility poses a pressure on individuals and, therefore many of them start thinking that no more opportunities could be given for ‘recovery’. Apart from educational pressures, as well as existing learning and teaching standards, there are many other external factors that have a potent impact on students. Indeed, economic and financial constrains pose a great threat to the effectiveness of the educational system. In fact, Zinsser stresses, “Today, looking very good is no longer enough, especially for students who hope to go on to law school or medical school” (n. p.). My personal vision of the education corresponds to Zinsser’s criticism of a learning process as the key to receiving a prestigious job. Students mistakenly believe that
During the 19 th Century, the industrial expansion that was taking place in the South attracted a huge number of Mexicans to the United States as temporal migrant workers. Industries in the South recruited and exploited the Mexicans for cheap labor. They worked in farms, mine industries, railroad companies, and in other manual jobs as well as in business in urban areas. Their huge migration to the US was due to the fast-changing wave of their economic condition in Mexico caused by the United States and other foreign capital (Rosenzweig 40). They were willing to take any job in order to begin earning an income, after which they could gain the basis for acquiring better opportunities with the hope of going back home when they save enough money. They did not intend to naturalize in the United States. On the contrary, they preferred to maintain their Mexican citizenship. Since they saw enormous progress in the economy of the United States and believed that their sole purpose or mission to this country was to work, make money, and quickly return to their homeland, they were more than willing to endure hardship and discrimination. Even though they sometimes embarked on strike to voice their displeasure concerning their bad working conditions, most of them never engaged in radical actions because they were afraid of being sacked from work or even being deported. Their disinterest in the American