ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This is a communication policy for a company that operates in the hospitality industry. The document describes the company’s communications messages, target audience, media, and approvals. Policy Purpose The purpose of this policy is to outline different types of communications messages within the organization. Such messages should be communicated effectively to improve organizational effectiveness and performance (Lekovic & Berber, 2014). Communications Messages The policy is aimed at improving the rate at which information is shared within the organization. The targeted communication messages include procedural changes, change implementation strategies, important information for various subgroups, confidential data and/or information, unwelcome information, code of ethics and conduct, and policy changes. Such messages are mapped below (see Fig 1). With an effective communication strategy in place, the company can ensure different stakeholders are aware of the targeted goals and objectives (Mohamad, Bakar, Halim, & Ismail, 2014). The process can streamline every decision-making process. Key message 1                                Key message 2               Key message 3                          Procedural changes                           Targeted changes            Benefits of each change                Change implementation strategies             Implementation strategies   Benefits                               Important information for various subgroups  Information for each group  Relevance and importance               Confidential data and/or information         Targeted information        Purpose of the information             Unwelcome information                        Undesired information       Using the information                  Code of ethics and conduct                   Rules and regulations       Applicability and possible punishments Policy changes                               Outlined changes            Implementation and benefits             Fig 1: Mapping the outlined communications messages. Target Audience The audience for this policy includes every stakeholder in the company. The major players include employees, team leaders, groups, customers, organizational leaders, departmental heads, and members of the public. Every communication message will be designed and transmitted in such a way that it is delivered to the right recipient (Mafra, 2016). These stakeholders will also be required to share such messages to support every organizational agenda. Media Several platforms or avenues will be considered for this policy. The first one is the company’s website. This online platform will ensure timely information is available to every member of staff. Different stakeholders will also be updated about the changes or developments undertaken by the company (Mafra, 2016). The organization’s Staff Bulletin will be used to disseminate useful information such as organizational and/or procedural changes. Staff emails will be used to support this policy. Individuals will be required
Business environment The concept of a business environment is rather broad since it seeks to transcend cultural differences and embrace solely the issues associated with managing a company. Therefore, the term “business environment” can be defined as the organizational setting in which business-related operations, transactions, and the associated processes occur. Namely, a business environment is a combination of components that constitute the setting in which business-related events and transactions take place. External and internal business environments As a rule, a business environment is understood as a combination of several internal and external elements defining the course of business processes. The internal elements viewed as core constituents of the business environment include the core stakeholders, namely, employees and the board of directors, the company’s organizational culture, its organizational structure, and the labor union. The specified components might seem disjointed; however, they, in fact, are linked intrinsically. Specifically, the organizational culture of a company defines the relationships between staff members, whereas the board of directors determines the formal organizational structure and development of the company. In turn, the labor union serves to protect the rights of employees and support them. Similarly, the external elements of the business environment can be split into four major types. Specifically, the factors affecting a company’s performance may be categorized as economic, political, sociocultural, or technological ones. Political factors involve the legal standards and regulations defined by the country in which a business is set, whereas economic factors are represented by the economic situation within the country or market in question. In turn, sociocultural factors are shaped by the culture and traditions guiding decision-making of main stakeholders, namely, customers, suppliers, partners and company members. Finally, technological issues include innovative opportunities available in the target setting, as well as the requirements that the existing technologies dictate, such as the need to transfer key financial transactions into the digital realm. Market segmentation In order to cater to the needs of their target customers, companies often use segmentation techniques. Market segmentation can be succinctly summarize
Introduction In today’s modern forms of leadership, families, organizations, and governments are working on attaining the set goals or targets for the set period. It is on this background that Leadership has mainly focused on the element of future planning and learning from experiences. However, there has been little emphasis on present thinking where the leader is able to look at exactly what is going on as opposed to his or her expectations and how past challenges were faced (Simpson, French, 2006, p.246). Present thinking puts the leader in a position where although there is temptation to handle a present challenge like a previous one, he or she allows the opportunity of a new thought or solution to guide him/her. Present thinking works together with negative capability, which is a form of leadership requiring patience and the need to master frustration and uncertainty (Reason, 1994, p.67). Simpson and French (2006) base their argument on present thinking and negative capability on psychoanalytic theory as put across by Wilfred Bios (p.246). Importance and Implications of Present Thinking Leaders today, more than ever before, are forced to constantly deal wit
The construction industry has significantly evolved and nowadays actively exploits the newest technologies for improving performance and reducing time, costs, the involvement of the workforce in the process and minimising defects. Prefabrication and simulation have become perfect tools for reaching these strategic objectives and bringing up positive shifts in the whole industry. Nowadays, in the age of widespread modular construction, the issue of becoming more time- and cost-effective has become extremely acute for constructors. One of the tools that can assist in improving the overall performance of the construction industry is the visualisation of projects. Its necessity can be easily explained by the fact that most managers rely on intuition and imagination when making decisions regarding planning and scheduling. In means that in the case if it is possible to visualise the project, it is generally easier to organise the flow of the working process. Except for this primary benefit, this tool also has other advantages such as helping the site manager in bettering the perception of the project because one of the visualisation options is displaying virtual environment of the project; minimizing the risks of failing to meet deadlines. After all, it optimises the schedule at every stage of construction; enhancing communication among managers and making it more efficient as they see the actual picture, not the one drawn by their imagination; and allowing to find construction alternatives that can be applied during every particular stage if they prove to be more effective. In addition to it, a visualisation is a perfect tool for avoiding defects or, at least, minimizing their quantity because it makes it possible to see the simulation of the construction in a real-time mode that helps assess the existence of defects and eradicate them (Murray, Fernando & Aouad 2004). The specificity of the visualisation tool is that it consists of four primary components that altogether increase the productivity of the construction process. It includes the virtual environment – a tool allowing the user to analyse the elements of the constructions (modules) within the environment they will be installed in, thus creating a simulation of the projects. Additionally, it has the function of automatic constraint recognition that assists in assembling and disassembling the parts of the edifice to see whether they collide once put together. The next constituent is the construction database that stores all information about the project including all changes in building, the order of construction, deliveries, and stock of sites. Finally, there is a system responsible for the functioning of the visualisation tool, a task manager, which provides the user with the information necessary to make the operation smooth and flawless such as the description of the data that should be entered or the steps needed for creating a simulation model. Visualisation is indissolubly related to the process of s
Abstract This dissertation is an in depth review of Operation Just Cause and Operation Desert Storm. The paper covers a wide range of information and issues related to Operation Just Cause and Operation Desert Storm. The main objective of the paper is to present a detailed account of all the information related to the history, performance, activities, and all the related questions like how and why the United States Military has repeatedly been unprepared to execute its primary mission at the outbreak of hostilities. To identify the root factors affecting the United States military’s readiness to perform its primary function during the initial stages of the conflicts under investigation is also an important point of discussion. The dissertation focuses on the topic to include the role of the Noncommissioned officer (NCO) in preparing Soldiers to conduct combat operations.The paper also deals with the question that whether or not the United States Military has overcome the fundamental obstacles to achieving force readiness prior to the commencement of combat operations. Introduction Thesis statement This is an argumentative essay which requires some thesis statement and some argument to be discussed as well. The thesis statement is “is the intervention of US in any war is right that has somehow related to it or not? The answer to this question can be described in many ways. But to be precise and accurate one must have to prove it by facts and figures as well as by scenarios and events. The intervention of US in any war that happens at any part of the world has two major causes. One, it can be due to safeguarding of the US based citizens working and living in the country where the war is going on. The second reason is to protect the rights of human in general, means to help the affected people, injured and hungry citizens. This thesis revolves around the two operations;   * Operation Desert Storm   * Operation just cause. Both of these operations are example of the US intervention in the invasions made at different times in history. May it be the 1950’s or 1990’s the causes are to maintain discipline and peace worldwide. Just like what happened in Operation Just Cause when, US invaded Panama this had many reason such as to protect Americans in Panama, to stop drugs smuggling to US etc; similarly when in 1990 Iraq invaded Kuwait there was a great chance of disturbance and war condition throughout the middle east since all the neighboring countries were supporting Kuwait, therefore it was important to stop such a mishap to happen and hence US forces were sent and even trained to for the combat in the deserts. One might only think it’s an act of interference but when hopeless and wounded people are waiting for help and relieve in the war time the UNO reaches at first to help those people in the affected areas. Also such an involvement create cease-fire situation sometimes. After the Iraq-Kuwait war when for so many years, there was silence between these two countries the US intervention helped to create negotiations. The scenario presented in this paper has only two of the wars happened in different times of history.
Introduction There are notable impacts of globalization within organizations. One of these impacts is the complexity in the level of diversity. Notably, diversity is an important aspect in business performance. Organizations that lack the competency to manage diversity might face severe consequences. Particularly, these relate to the socio-economic effects. Ideally, many factors within the workplace environment require different considerations. A workplace environment with considerable ambience for all employees is critical for the performance of the organization (Cao, Clarke & Lehaney 233). Inadequate morale, low worker turnover and harassment are some of the negative elements. Other negative factors may include employee discrimination and absenteeism. These factors lead to great losses in productivity. Organizations recognize the need to engage in the development of diversity (Lauring & Selmer 190). In attaining this, there are several initiatives involved. For four decades, most organizations continue to spend many resources in diversity programs. The basic aim is to enhance their level of performance. These programs also increase the level of employee welfare and elevate the organization‘s efficiency. This paper examines the significance of diversity management. Apart from this, it also analyses the debatable influence of training and development on diversity management in organizations. Lastly, the paper discusses the role of human resources (HR) professionals in ensuring sound diversity management and employee development. The Importance of Managing Diversity Proper integration of individuals is important within any work environment. Indeed, most sociological theories emphasize on the importance of harmony in the development and continuity of major processes. This is irrespective of whether an organization is profit-making or not. Ideally, diversity management manipulates all processes within all organizations. Communication and feedback systems are some of the processes that have extensive influences from diversity management. Without proper communication and feedback processes, there must be a limited articulation of organizational policies. This might be applicable to the guidelines and procedures that are pertinent to all the business organizations (Hebson & Cox 188). Therefore, it is vital to indicate that diversity management is a fundamental undertaking. It purely remains the role of the management. Employees within multicultural environments must have an adequate and coherent direction on how to relate with and initiate positive interaction. Principally, this is the core practice behind any diversity management processes. Discriminati
Introduction Etiological myths are stories that try to provide an insight or a mythological explanation on events or customs that have an origin but has long been forgotten. There are myths that try to define the very origin of thunder. These kinds of creation myths are a symbolic narrative way of trying to define genesis. Such myths as the American Gods, Native American Folklore, and Hesiod’s Theology go beyond the simple etiological myths. Creation of the world and its organization is understood differently in every society. Creation myths are etiological as they try to explain the origin of the world. Birth stories of humans are identified through explications such as the creations stories. They distinguish reality in terms of primary and relative. They also act to distinguish from the being and the non-being. They do serve a philosophy of life but they at times go beyond simple etiological myths. This is to mean that they express and convey through symbolism in terms of rites, life and phenomena other than using systematic reasoning. Humanity can be framed through time and purpose. Looking at the three kinds of etiological myths, American Gods, Native American Folklore, and Hesiod’s Theology, they go beyond to explain the origin of thunder. All these myths they bring the world into being through narrative and dramatic means. Further more they deal with matters that are only metaphorical in that they talk about one thing in terms of being another. In this was they bring out the being of something that did not exist before. It therefore goes that only through the invocation of potential presences and negating those potential presences does the absences being to be or is established. For these myths to be we have to tell the story in order to establish the fact. The creation myths according to Dictionary of Myths (1994) identifies that there are five main qualifications through which these myths come to be. Chaos This is the existence of thi
Realism is a concept associated with the true acceptance of reality and world matters. Thomas G. Mahnken in his book “Strategic Studies” discusses the human views towards wars and the strategies applied during and after such heavy conflicts. The reality is that people expect the worst and have to create plans for such occurrences. The strategies for nuclear wars are being drawn up constantly to avoid any hesitation and lack of options when the real threat comes. The realistic realization is often grim and pessimistic, as history has shown that people often resort to violent conflict in their decisions on the world scale. Many philosophers who wrote on realism acknowledge that human nature is very destructive. Every time negotiations fail or something goes “not according to plan”, the first answer is to wage wars and force people to obey. From ancient times wars have been an inseparable part of humanity and it seems that it has not taught people anything. The present world is filled with military conflicts while democratic countries thrive on human rights and freedoms. Realism is directed towards finding ways of dealing with the reality of the world. It is centered on creating strategies that would help avoid the unnecessary “reality” of violence and horror. Even the political front is filled with inhumane policies and unfair actions of leaders who base their opinions and goals on their own, personal and selfish realities or those of their immediate surroundings or country. Wars are the most horrible part of life that people encounter. It is extremely important to devise a strategy for dealing with them. But, primarily, these strategies focus on the prevention and not the start or continuation of wars. The reality of the unstable world demands a plan and that is why there has always been an arms race between different nations, which continues even today (Mahnken, 2008). Realism deals with the most immediate and common truths that surround people. Every human being has their slant on the reality of the world and that is why there are so many different nations and countries. For the longest time, people based their world on realism and this is where their cultures and beliefs sprung from. As it is a very personal and cultural experience, sometimes it is hard for people to realize the truths that govern others. In a worldwide conflict people often mistake the true reasons for the easie
Introduction All prisoners are under threat of mistreatment and infringement of their rights to a certain extent. The restrictions of people in prisons often lead to abuse of power of those taking care of them or fellow prisoners. Besides, even in the absence of an abuse of power, the prisons have harmful physical conditions that could negatively affect the mental health of all prisoners. Many jails are overcrowded, have poor physical requirements, and the prisoners suffer violence at the hands of prisoners without enough healthcare resources to help them. The negative effect of these factors is more pronounced in the case of prisoners with disabilities. People with disabilities are vulnerable to abuse from fellow prisoners and prison staff due to discriminatory attitudes (Chaplin et al., 2017). The humiliation they suffer and physical abuse is a cause of distress that negatively impacts their mental health. Due to the discriminatory attitude in prisons, disable prisoners are isolated with no one to share their challenges with. There is a need to enforce the rights of disabled people in prisons by understanding the causes of mental health issues and developing the necessary support systems. Effects of Prisons on the Mental Health of People with Disabilities The number of disabled people in the USA has been increasing over time. Mental disorders among prisoners in higher for the disabled. Various factors affect the mental health of prisoners. There is the widespread belief that prisoners are dangerous people who can harm society causes a negative perception. Consequently, people treat them as criminals, which is likely to reinforce their criminal behavior (Schlanger, 2017). The intolerance to unwanted behavior by society reduces the effectiveness of prisons as rehabilitative centers. Prisoners have limited access to health care services, and hence there are no preventive measures for curing mental disorders. The prevailing conditions in the prisons create a sense of desperation that prisoners find difficult to cope with. The prison’s conditions facilitate torture and violation of human rights, worsening the situation of isolation. The consequence is that prisoners are likely to develop severe mental health disorders. Another factor causing mental health in prions is that disabled people are often exposed to discrimination and stigma. Though social discrimination applies to all prisoners, disabled people are most affected since they are discriminated against by fellow prisoners. Prison staff doesn’t try to protect disabled people from the attacks by fellow prisoners. Often, because of their disability, they cannot express their issues to authorities, and no one in the prisons is willing to listen to them. Marginalization causes mental disorders through solitude and isolation of the disabled within the prison systems (Hellenbach, Karatzias, & Brown, 2017). Depression is likely to develop into severe mental illness over time due to a lack of attention by the prison