ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
There is no doubt about the connection between telecommunication styles and the era’s general mood. Thus, films, music, painting, and poetry have always accurately reflected the deep and genuine feelings that prevailed among the public. This idea formed the basis of this study, which critically evaluates the nature of the episodes of two television shows. The first work chosen was an episode of The Donna Reed Show, a black and white television program that raised the issue of women’s emancipation rights: “Just a Housewife.” This video work is a product of 1960, and for the current study, this fact has a defining role. The other episode taken into consideration for this analysis comes 56 years after that. It is the last episode of the first season of the British TV show Fleabag, which focuses on the personal growth and experiences of a thirty-year-old Londoner. Thus, in both works, the filmmakers explore women’s role in modern society, and each gives a different answer to this question. Obviously, this answer is directly related to the historical and socio-cultural background in which the products were created. Before proceeding with the comparative analysis and searching for the central core of each of the selected episodes, it is critically important to discuss the series’s plot briefly. For instance, The Donna Reed Show is an iconic American comedy television series whose plot is based on Donna Reed’s life story. This woman is the mother of two children and the wife of a pediatrician, and although she has no career herself, her social role is a very popular one for post-war society: she is a housewife (Edwards). A likely source of this show’s incredible success was the brave decision to cast a woman as the protagonist. Thus, each sitcom episode has little to do with the previous one and tells a separate story, which is generally typical of this genre. At the center of the plot of the current British project, Fleabag is the story of the life of an unnamed young woman suffering from nymphomania and friend loss syndrome. Although, this show’s genre can be defined as a social comedy, Fleabag is characterized by exploring the protagonist’s deep personal experiences (Bradbeer). The individual episodes are linked by a common plot, which eventually leads the woman to a spiritual catharsis. It is not difficult to see that a crucial directorial detail is characteristic of both television works, namely the participation of a young woman as the script’s central figure. The conceptual study of the episodes chosen for this work should begin in chronological order. Such a decision will allow to competently trace the development of social thought on the issue of feminism. Thus, the episode “Just a Housewife” tells another story from Donna Reed’s life. This time she unwittingly became a participant in an interview at the supermarket, w
Introduction Cathy R. informs that she does not enjoy her physical training the way she enjoyed them several years ago. She does not want to connect these changes with her age because she thinks that her health is good. She does not want to quit running. At the same time, she wants to change the situation because her constant breathing difficulties distract her from achieving the required results. Further Questions for Cathy   * Do you observe the same breathing difficulties at other seasons?   * When did the cough cases begin?   * In what periods of the day/night are the cough cases observed the most?   * Have you ever tried to sleep while sitting?   * Have you observed the changes of your weight?   * Can you describe your current appetite? Differential Diagnoses   * Obstructive sleep apnea (G47.33): is a sleeping disorder that is usually characterized by complete or partial cessation of breathing during sleep (Hoth et al., 2013, p. 811). This disorder happens because of upper airway obstruction so that the patient could get the required portion of air for breathing and has to wake up in order to change the location and find a more comfortable sleeping pose. Sleeping fragmentation, insomnia, and bothersome snoring are the main symptoms of OSA (Balachandran & Patel, 2014, p. 5). Cathy may be diagnosed with this disease because of frequent cases of breathing difficulties at daytime and during nights. Her husband states that she has frequent cases of snoring and awakes because of the inabilities to breathe freely. A cough was the reason why she awaked at nights.   * Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, unspecified (J44.9): is one of the main global health problems (Vestbo et al., 2013, p. 347) that is characterized by certain abnormalities in the lungs in a form of inflammatory response and restricted airflows. Shortness of breath, chest tightness, and chronic cough are the main symptoms of the disease. Still, people, who could be diagnosed with COPD, may suffer from the lack of energy and weight loss. Cathy. R. may be diagnosed with COPD regarding her breathing difficulties and the necessity to use an inhaler to reduce her pain. Tobacco smoking is one of the main cause of COPD, and Cathy has his own smoking history that could influence her health in the future (Vestbo et al., 2013, p. 349).   * Malignant neoplasm of unspecified part of unspecified bronchus or lung (C34.90): also known as lung cancer is the disease that bothers a number of Americans in a form of an uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissues. As a rule, lung cancer is caused by a number of behavioral factors such as smoking (Terpenning,
Introduction The theory of marketing establishes pricing as one of the major contributors of the marketing mix. Pricing attracts potential buyers and inspire them to purchase goods. Fast food companies distribute and advertise their products using the marketing strategy; they also apply the strategy to retain a desirable business relationship with their clients. Pricing is important in marketing mix. It is however one of the hard decisions experienced by fast food industries because of high competition rates (Myers 1997,p.20), local trading blocks, counter market requirements (Cavusgil & Zou 1994,p.18) and harsh exchange rates (Knetter 1994,p.14). Fast food customers have different opinions about the products produced by different fast food restaurants depending on their pricing. For that reason, setting product price to satisfy different customers is a hard task. The price of a product may have an effect on consumer’s feelings about the quality of the product. Fast food companies have to come up with pricing strategies for their products in order to fit into global markets. Fast food industries are faced with a hard task of setting prices for global markets. Different countries have different decisions concerning products, their pricing and distribution in global markets and local markets (Jain 1998, p.71). In addition, other factors like trade penetration, product demand and competition, control over competition entry, market and environmental factors, fast cash recovery, political, social-cultural and economic factors should be considered when making pricing decisions for global markets. Pricing strategies Price is the value charged for goods and services in monetary terms. The price of a product takes into account the cost of producing the item, the cost involved in providing the item to t
Introduction The designing of any consumer product needs a fertile imagination, the means to make them a reality and an appreciative audience. There are several professions in design encouraged in Australia. They contribute to many industries like landscaping, interior designing, architects, textile designers and furniture makers. Even though the Australian Industry is considered as conservative, the Australian designers explore their creativity and allow their imagination to take off and share with the public through exhibitions and commercial production by keeping in mind that innovation and cost-effectiveness should go hand in hand (Boglel 2002). Analysis Figure 1: Barstools by Sruya Grafs (indesignlive 2009). Figure 2: Twisted Park Bench by Kenan Wang (Homeinteriorsandaccessories 2009) The pictures above show unique Australian designs. Figure 1 is the design by Sruya Grafs, the barstools were designed in distinct way than it usually be. In the figure 2 shows the bench by Kenan Wang, as can be seen the bench is twisted and longer than usual benches. Those designs have distinctive shapes and diverse from the usual furniture designs even if they have the same function. What are the inspirations for their designs? These designs are derived from the diverse background and culture of the Australians. The form of creativity and uniqueness of these designs is characteristic of the Australian society. The designs are a representation of functional aesthetics. The utility of the need inspired their designs to combine usefulness with attractive intelligent designs. Geniuses are born, live out their lives and fade away and what keep them alive are the institutions they belong to and the media attention. The best way to market and disseminate information and assure recognition is to showcase the work ( Australian International design awards 2008). Various Australian publications such as Monument and In Style, Art & Australia, Architecture Australia among others, offer the contemporary Australian design not only to the local but also to the International audience. Australian media encourages national appreciation and provides vital opportunity for the artists to market their designs. The Art culture is part of Australian culture and this is evidenced by the establishment of various galleries and art institutions such as Sam Atyeo, Marion Hall Best, Florence Broadhurst, Grant Featherstone, Fred Ward, Avis Higgs and Walter Burley Griffin. The central objective of Powerhouse Museum in Sydney is to display and analyze design. Therefore, it is also a great source for artists to exhibit their piece of art or work (Bogle 1998). Love for art is also exhibited in public places such as the Sycamore ceiling fans designed like a boomerang by Hunter Pacific Fans who won the design award of 2005 (Figure3). Figure 3: Sycamore ceiling fans by Hunter Pacific Fans ( hunterpacific 2009). Australia, be
Speaking of U.S. politics, it is essential to note that the United States is a federal, constitutional, democratic republic in which the President, Congress, and the judiciary share authority and responsibility for their actions. Initially, the most critical point in the United States Constitution was the separation of legislative, executive, and judicial powers. The people also play a significant role in the political decisions of the United States. This essay will focus on the issue of changes in the rights of citizens when participating in the country’s political decisions. Over the past two centuries, public participation in U.S. politics has indeed increased. Moreover, it is important to note how many rights and freedoms the people of America have gained because of the amendments made to the U.S. Constitution. For example, the rights to freedom of speech, religion, the right to keep and bear arms, and the prohibition of arbitrary searches and arrests are now being implemented. One of the basic edits is abolishing slavery; this edit was made after the Civil War. Accordingly, with the development of all personal rights and participation in political decision-making, it has also become more accessible and convenient for ordinary Americans. Even in terms of the number of citizens who can vote in elections, the United States is called the second largest democracy in the world. In the United States, there have been no severe failures in the functioning of democratic mechanisms for two hundred years. The tradition of the succession of power, the separation and independence of its branches, and the legitimacy and independence of local government are supported by the law and the people’s opinion. Despite the enormous amount of power that the U.S. President has in the outside world, his powers within the country are limited. Moreover, if the United States was previously described as a democratic country, it is difficult to call it true in the opinion of contemporaries. Since the United States was a country where slavery was practiced, the indigenous population was driven to reservations, and women were disenfranchised. That is the reason why the modern United States is more democratic than in the past. Of all the institutions, such as the Senate and the Electoral College, I would like to single out the second one and discuss the consequences of its existence. The Electoral College has the function of selecting a candidate on behalf of the people they represent. The Electoral College forces candidates to reach out to the general public and run their campaigns in places that would not be covered in the event of a direct vote. At the same time, a positive property of the United States Senate is considered changeability since re-election corresponds to the changeability of power. The goal of gerrymandering is to change the balance of political forces in electoral circles artificially. The
Introduction United States’ key foreign policy strategies in engaging with Eurasia are driven by security and long-term interests. The United Stated and Eurasia relationship has improved over the past years and it is therefore crucial for Eurasia to ensure that it places greater values in their relationship with US. The Eurasian state should recognize that it would not be served by any state across the world that is against the US. This paper explores the most crucial factors that US should consider in their foreign policy as they build their relationship with Eurasia. Security The issue of security is one of the major factors due to the increased issues of insecurity that have emerged since the beginning of the twenty first century like the 11 th September terrorism issue in the US. There is therefore, need for the United States to pave up security issues with its alliances. This will be of help both to the US and the Eurasian countries as they will come up with better ways of strengthening security cooperation between the two powers (Laruelle, 2008). The need for the two powers to collaborate through multilateral organizations will be of great importance in managing security issues across the country since there are also other major powers that have joined hands with the US in mitigating security challenges. These challenges include human trafficking, arms control, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, terrorism ideologies and environmental decay (Hiro, 2009). In this case, one can question whether NATO is still viable in curbing the issues of security since its formation to deal with the security challenges in the post-Cold war. NATO still remains as the body that handles security issues even though it has been hard to change its structure as well as its mission. In the future policy the US has therefore sought to redefine the objectives, structures and mechanisms suitable for dealing with future security environments. The US president Barrack Obama has put more emphasis on the benefits of the transatlantic community engaging in the act of working together with Eurasia to tackle issues of security challenges (Oliker et al, 2002). Long-term interests For US to achieve its long-term interests, there is a need for cultural understanding, better communication as well as greater level of trust between the two states for easy governance in order to achieve the long-term goals of the alliance. Eurasia being a huge nation that still supplies the energy power will therefore meet the interests of the US. The interests of the United States will be served well if the policy is established to meet the challenges that are likely to crop up in the coming decades (Hiro, 2009). In the US foreign policy, Eurasia sho
Organization’s Background One of the most challenging tasks of a leader is to transform an organization, to reengineer, and restructure that organization to meet the evolving demands of both the customer and the marketplace. However, most organization leaders are not able to steer their organizations towards meeting the expectations of investors, bondholders, employees, or customers. Organizations can overcome challenges of job satisfaction and high turnover through skillful leadership. One of such organizations is the Kaplan University, which is a community university that is located in Illinois, the United States of America. The University is a purely business campus. This organization has various suppliers, employees, customers, bond members, investors, and the government. However, the paper narrows down to the organization’s employees. The organization has over a thousand employees. Over the years, Kaplan campus has faced the challenge of unsatisfied employees who have then turned over to other organizations. In addition, it has had a low-job turnover based on its current poor management. Therefore, there is a need to address the possible changes (structural or management) that can help solve the aforementioned problems. Organizational Structural Changes Challenges of lack of employee satisfaction
Starbucks holds an enviable position among innovative companies. The coffee chain has an insatiable appetite for innovation. The company is willing to suffer some losses in the near-term to develop superior products in the long-term via incremental innovation. However, the willingness to suffer losses is not what makes the company outstanding. The company’s wish to pay a high price in pursuit of innovation is what reflects its remarkable feature. This paper uses management tools and frameworks to explore the role that management practices play to support innovation. Specifically, the paper evaluates how Starbucks creates and develops opportunities and how it manages innovation. In addition, the paper explores how this company behaves as an entrepreneurial organisation. Creating and Developing Opportunities A number of studies that explore the capacity of entrepreneurs to create and develop opportunities exist. Ardichvili, Cardozo and Ray (2003) contend that entrepreneurs do not create opportunities but rather recognize the presence and emergence of opportunities. In this sense, the authors propose that the main issue to investigate when studying the dynamics of business opportunities is the entrepreneurial capacity to develop, recognize, and evaluate them. In recent times, sustainability has become a major issue in entrepreneurship because of the concerns associated with the deteriorating global environment. Research shows that entrepreneurs who are aware of environmental issues tend to identify and pursue business opportunities in ways that promote sustainable operations. They do not just look at the financial rewards that the opportunity will bring, but also the sustainable features of the business opportunity. The five main factors that drive the process of recognizing and developing business opportunities are “entrepreneurial alertness, information asymmetry and prior knowledge, social networks, personality traits, and the nature of the business opportunity”. Entrepreneurial alertness refers to the ability of an entrepreneur to maintain a high level of awareness in regard to emerging opportunities. If an entrepreneur lacks entrepreneurial alertness, it is difficult for him/her to identify emergent opportunities. Information asymmetry and prior knowledge refer to the knowledgebase of an entrepreneur. At organizational level, this quality is the basis for the emergence of concept of learning organizations. Knowledge makes it possible for entrepreneurs to recognize opportunities when they are still undefined. In addition, it spurs the capacity of the entrepreneur to make the decisions needed to transform a business opportunity into a business venture. Social networks play a vital role in the process of recognizing and developing business opportunities because entrepreneurs o
The movie “An Inconvenient Truth” is a sermon from former U.S. Vice President Al Gore on the causes and consequences of global warming delivered from a secular IMAX pulpit. The film consists of clips from Gore’s traveling environmental salvation show interlaced with scenes of personal reflection and biographical information. Given Gore’s well-deserved reputation for speaking in a monotone voice and without great eloquence or flair; his giving a 96-minute speech aided by a high-tech slideshow would seem to be a recipe for a box office disaster and as an effective mass sleeping potion for its audience. However, Gore’s film has been well-received by critics and audiences of all nationalities and political leanings. It has received predominantly favorable reviews from those of both conservative and liberal ideologies. Gore did not put together this presentation for the film. Rather, the film simply chronicles the message Gore has given over a thousand times to many types of groups in many countries. The central theme of this message is that the present amount of pollution being pumped into the atmosphere is causing undesirable changes to the environment. Unless this disturbing trend is severely curtailed and soon, catastrophic human and economic consequences will result, and ultimately, the planet will be uninhabitable for human life. As the film advances, Gore’s multimedia demonstration is interchanged with him providing the audience glimpses of his background and opinions. This ‘look behind the curtain’ into Gore’s private thoughts and life provides a connection between what is generally perceived as an aloof ex-politician and the diverse theatre audience. This connection serves to persuade the audience to be more receptive to the message. Some suggest that had Gore been perceived similarly during the 2000 presidential campaign he would have beaten Bush by a wide margin. Few outsides of Fox News would argue that the world would be better for it which the film very subtly alludes to. With a previously unseen flare for the theatrical, Gore addresses what he and many scientists consider the most important issue facing mankind with some well-placed humorous commentary. Mixing levity with such a gravely serious subject is a delicate balancing act that Gore performs without offending the sensibilities of the audience. Instead, the interjection of humor seems to allow the audience to take a well-needed breath while adsorbing the statistics and contemplating the dire consequences of global warming. The film intertwines humor, stunning imagery, and digital animation into what many may consider a dry subject filled with scientific data narrated by the