ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Country of Choice Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe, and, currently, it is not a member of either G20 or OECD groups. It should be noted that Ukraine is also not a member state of the European Union. The country’s corporate code of governance is relatively new and was first approved by the country’s National Securities and Stock Market Commission on March 12, 2020 (National Securities and Stock Market Commission, 2021). Similar to other countries, the Ukrainian code of corporate governance establishes the main principles of effective business governance and provides the nation’s corporations with requirements supporting guidelines they should follow (“Corporate Governance Code,” 2021). The code focuses on outlining of rights and responsibilities of all stakeholders involved in the governance of a corporation. In addition, guidelines and recommendations are provided as to the ethical standards companies in Ukraine should follow to benefit all parties and protect the reputation of the organization (Ivanyshyn & Libanov, 2020). Thus, the country’s newly-approved code of corporate governance covers a wide array of issues that can spring up in corporate business. Combining Hard Law with CGC to Enhance CG Practice The corporate governance code is a set of guidelines and recommendations, and it should be combined with hard law or actual binding legal instruments. Hard laws can include a variety of company, security, or international regulations (“Corporate Governance Code,” 2021). In order to enhance corporate governance practice, it is imperative that the hard laws of the country are supplemented with the code of governance. For example, in Ukraine, shareholders are allowed by law to participate and vote on fundamental decisions of the corporation, vote for members of the board of directors, and other rulings on one “one-share, one vote” principle (Ivanyshyn & Libanov, 2020). Meanwhile, the code recommends that foreign investors be provided with the same opportunities for participation as domestic shareholders and hold the board members responsible for the company’s performance (Ivanyshyn & Libanov, 2020). Thus, the hard law and the newly established soft law in Ukraine reinforce and support each other to improve overall corporate governance. Major Components of CGC There are several major components in the Ukrainian code of corporate governance. Specifically, the code incorporates the following elements: general company objectives, the rights of shareholders, the responsibilities of the board as well as the communication and cooperation between all involved stakeholders. For example, the board component of the code discusses 13 principles, including board size, remuneration, and procedures for the nomination and appointment of directors (Ivanyshyn & Libanov, 2020). Furthermore, the code incorporates guidelines on disclosure, transparency policies, and ethical standards to which Ukrainian business ventures should adhere. For instance, the disclosure and
The focal point of this paper is to prepare a report on the article published in the Scientific American magazine, February 2008 Issue named Special Report: The Future of Physics. The article is based on the functions and experiment of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) that is being carried out in Switzerland near Geneva. The LHC is referred to as the largest microscope of the world by the author as this machine is used in the experiment of sub particles. This experiment was eagerly waited by physicists because this experiment is supposed to reveal the secrets of several hypothetical particles like Higgs particle that are yet to be understood and analyzed to any extent. With a trillion volt of electric spark and a nano measurement quantum, this experiment promises to reveal the deep secrets of the universe. The author is excited about the experiment and provides a thorough understanding of the subject without the use of equations that makes the understanding of the activities easier for the general population. However, the author indicates that there are several mechanical difficulties in this process of experiment and discusses the reasons of the experiment being postponed. The author looks into the parameters of physics and reveals the problems associated with such precise yet huge machine. The writer interacted with the leader of this huge project, Lyn Evans, to find out the minute details related to the experiment and the delay associated with it. Lyn Evans told the writer that “ For a machine of this complexity, things are going remarkably smoothly, and we’re all looking forward to doing physics with the LHC next summer. ” (Special Report, p. 45). This is the perfect example of a project of this magnitude and the attitude associated with such specified integrated mechanical and physical works. It is obvious that the prominent members associated with this project and the size of this project makes it a wonderful scientific research but at the same time it is true that such a venture needs very particular safety measures and it is no wonder that the project leader is ready to sacrifice time and concede delay in order to avoid any fault. In a way, it should be stated that writer too, did a commendable job to convey the total work procedure of the experiment from start to the present day situation with effective details of the work in progress along with its difficulties and obstacles. This is a truly excellent work. The writer not only understands the subject very well but the understanding is sound enough to make the general mass understand the details with easy use of language and terminology with complete fluency of the narration about the development phases of the machine and experiment. It can be stated that this article is a wonderful piece of text to understand the current events of physics and the lucidity of the text makes it enjoyable to read. It is informative and assertive at the same time as there are no point of negative thoughts even in the face of failure or s
Abstract Diversity training of a multicultural workforce in the military is one of invaluable ways used to build a strong military workforce. Diversity training opens people’s mind, changes their attitudes towards each other thus promoting productivity. The military personnel appreciate and respect each other when they understand the importance of cultural diversity. Recognized talents are maintained and improved. The military not only work for the U.S. but also is prepared to work internationally with people of different cultures. Training increases, competency and communication barriers are broken enhancing productivity. So as to make full utilization of diversity, planning is an important tool. It is a roadmap to achieving the goals of the military. Introduction The U.S. military consist of five major groups: “The Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps and Coast guards” (Powers, 2011, p. 1). Varvel (2000) has adopted the following definition for cultural diversity, “Cultural diversity refers to the differences in age, ethnic heritage, gender, national origin, marital status, physical ability/qualities, race, religion, economic status, education and sexual orientation” (Varvel, 2000, p. 4). Women and people from different races and ethnic groups are being recruited in the military at the present time. An analysis of diversity training in a multicultural workforce to personnel serving in the United States military reveals that it yields many benefits. The benefits accrued from such training are critically analyzed in this paper. Globalization and International Competency Diversity training equips the workforce to extend its service to other countries where other languages are spoken. Diversity training thus breaks the barrier of language in many countries. The image created by diversity training is dynamism and the military workforce is able to interact effectively with people from different cultures. Diversity training creates a good image. Since the goal of the U.S. military is to reach even outside the U. S., a diverse military workforce creates a good platform of influence. Good management in the military is an important tool because it helps in integration of the talents and the skills in different people. Management helps in planning and implementation of the proposed strategies (Preson, Casey, & McHugh, 2010). The military workforce responsibility is to serve its citizens. It also has a responsibility to fight and win in all wars and dominate.
The business world is currently experiencing high levels of competition. This is due to availability of capital, easy entry into markets, present of substitutes and increase in the purchasing power of consumers (Sorce 6). As a result, firms need to come up with effective and efficient strategies in order to achieve a competitive advantage over their rivals in their respective fields of operation in order to be profitable and sustainable in the short run and in the long run. Consultative sales approach is a strategy that managers of many organizations currently use to stand at a competitive edge over their rivals. The main aim of this strategy is to develop strong relationships between firms and their clients (Sorce 9). Many managers view this strategy as a critical differentiator hence enabling a firm not only to increase its sales but also to stand at a competitive advantage over its rivals. The relationship that is developed through consultative sales approach makes sure that a firm understand the needs and desires of its customers. In this way, the firm is capable of developing goods and services that satisfy this need. This in turn creates brand loyalty and acts as an avenue for the growth of a firm in the short run and in the long run. From the discussion that has been presented so far, it is essential for firms to develop strong relationships with their customers. However, marketers usually try to maximize the benefits of economies of scale while utilizing the consultative sales approach. To achieve this, marketers usually believe that it is more convenient for a firm to develop strong relationships with a few large customers than many small customers (Oliver 35). This is because firms normally incur high operational costs in marketing, selling and distributing finished products or services to the customers. Therefore, concentrating once a few large customers will reduce the extra costs, time and energy that is required to carter for many small customers. Therefore, a strong relationship exists between constructive sales approach and marketing. It is essential first for a firm to identify its target market, come up with effective and efficient marketing strategies that will capture the attention of their targeted customers, then finally use the consultative sales approach to develop strong relationships. However, before a firm decides to build a strong relationship with a client, it needs to have a clear understanding of them. This is essential, as it will determine the type of relationship that the firm shall develop with its clients and the tastes and preferences of the clients. It has always been advisable
Despite the structural strength or extent of focus in a team, there is still a need for proper managerial support. According to Savu (2019), team success relies on its ability to embrace collaboration, able team leadership, and proper motivation. A study looked into the link between managerial support and work performance and found a close correlation (Wassem et al., 2019). They concluded that managerial support led to a notable increase in employee retention and productivity (Wassem et al., 2019). The paper will focus on a local soccer team and look into managerial communication and team leadership dynamics and their subsequent effects on the players’ success. The managerial support of Mr. Albert resulted in the success of the Eagles United Soccer Club through restructuring the team and focusing on the individual weaknesses and strengths of each player while offering guidance on improvement. Eagles United Soccer Club is a soccer team and its primary purpose is to provide an avenue for nurturing and showcasing soccer talents through developing a competitive sports culture. The team’s ultimate goal is to be the leading and most successful men’s soccer team in Atlanta. The club was established on the 29th of January 2017 and has been operational for the past five years. The team comprises two boards of directors, th
The car industry has proven to be an important segment of the economies in the developed and the emerging countries. The different countries involved in car making offer different models which compete in the international markets. In the modern day, manufacturing cars is considered an important milestone in the process of development. However, due to the high capital requirements in the production of cars, a large market size is often required for any car maker to break even and become profitable in the already competitive environment. Notably, the industry incorporates wide range of other related industries. The different car parts are manufactured by different firms and delivered to the central assembly plants which assemble and sells the ready automobiles. This industry is also significantly affected by the occurrences in the oil industry due to the need to use fuel for driving. These being the case, any significant disturbances in the related industry such as oil have the potential to affect the industry. There are several competitive elements which characterize the industry. The most important is new technological development. Car makers are constantly employing new technologies as a way o maintaining competitiveness as well as meeting the evolving needs of modernization. Secondly, players in the industry focus on establishing strong brands to secure their market. Also mergers and joint ventures are employed as strategies to rationalize operations and improve on efficiency. More importantly, the industry disregards international boundaries. This is witnessed by the success of Japanese car makers in the American soil (Profile of auto industry, par 2-7). Over the past few years, the car industry has been faced with unprecedented challenges. The ongoing global financial crisis has dealt a huge blow to the car industry which is highly dependent on the credit funding. Since late in the year 2008, car sales have drastically dropped. In the year 2008, the estimated number of new car sales was 52 million a significant drop from the 55 million recorded in 2007. More importantly, the crisis led to a major reorganization and the rearrangement of the global car industry. Major car makers such as General Motors were in the brink of collapse, while Chrysler actually filed for bankruptcy in mid 2009. In Europe, mergers and acquisition became the only solution to car makers facing major challenges in dealing with the crisis (Automobiles and Trucks Overview, par3-5). International regulation of the car industry is slowly becoming an important aspect in the industry. More and more countries are adopting regulation on the amount of carbon emissions allowable from vehicles. Concerns for the environment outstrip most other developments in the car industry. Within the past few years, many car manufacturers have developed very fuel efficient models which have performed extremely well in the market. In addition, the use of alternative fuel has developed a new market in the car industry. Toyota an
Summary David Stringer and Akshat Rathi (2020) have discussed the industry of electric car batteries from multiple perspectives, including the points of different officials in the article “The electric car battery boom has screeched to a halt, for now.” The paper published on June 17, 2020, outlines the prospects of the named industry, the effects of the situation of the pandemic on the figures of sales, and forecasts of the industry leaders. Application of Marketing Concepts The information in the article can be used to assess the marketing concepts of electric car batteries directly. First, it is noted that production figures are expected to rise, while the prices for the unit will decline (Stringer & Rathi, 2020). These factors contribute to an increase in companies’ supply statistics, as operations will be automatized. Second, customers prefer products of higher quality and availability. There is evidence that companies such as GM and Tesla are investing in studies to increase the duration of battery life (Stringer & Rathi, 2020). Third, all innovations in the industry are directed to improving the performance of the product, increasing the level of satisfaction of the customers. Application to Marketing Discipline The marketing professional would find this article interesting and useful to understand the prospects in the industry and assess the possible retailing pathways in the future. The information about the enterprise leaders’ plans can also build the short-term perception of the marketing strategies to apply them to work. Professionals should use the knowledge about the product to inform the possible clients about its functionality. Given that the price of it is going to be decreased because of the mass production, representatives can present benefits for consumers upon purchase. Moreover, marketers should consider product placement and promotions the background for which is shown in the article. Application to Society Understanding of the industry development perspectives assists the customers to acknowledge the prospective actions for investment. Moreover, the article can build expectations about the usage of electric batteries in the future, strengthening the decision-making skills of
Introduction Suzanne Rahn, in her article “An Evolving Past: The Story of Historical Fiction and Nonfiction for Children” of 1991, described how the historical fantasy novels proved to be so essential in the historical years. Despite the success experienced by the fiction writers in historical years before World War II, Rahn in her article explored the failures of English writers regarding the fiction novel. However, due to high demand of the fiction books by children, current English writers have embarked in fiction writing with reference to the historical fiction novel. Main Body In her article, Rahn portrayed the efforts inputted in reconstructing the past. For instance, she explained on how Scott attracted the attention of young children by writing historical fiction novels. In addition, according to Rahn, Scott ensured that he had advocated historical aspects by writing non-fiction novels such as “Kidnapped” with the goal of presenting the real people, real events, and consequences that young children experienced in the past while struggling for their rights. Rahn in her article also outlined the role of women in regenerating the past. She expressed on how women crossbred the past and the present through feeding young individuals with stories. According to Rahn, through the stories told to the young children by the old women, the children ended up intermingling the past cultures and forces with the current cultures of the world. Rahn also used symbolism to express her views about the historical novels. For instance, in the novel “The Time Machine” by Well, the travelling of the children to the past according to Rahn s
Nurses face issues related to ethics in their everyday practice (Butts & Rich, 2015, p. 72), for they often have to make difficult decisions and choose between two or more options neither of which is satisfying. While developing one’s ethical principles, it is crucial to study landmark cases that have affected the development of ethics or simply were vivid enough to make a difference. In this paper, we will study two landmark cases and consider their ethical implications for nursing practice. One such case is related to a research conducted by Lawrence Kohlberg. The research was reported in 1981 and involved a longitudinal study of the ethical development of 84 boys (no girls were included) over the span of more than 20 years. Kohlberg, grounding his research on Jean Piaget’s achievements, identified six stages of moral development. These stages covered varying age, from childhood to adulthood. When it was attempted to apply the results of the study, the identified stages, to the moral development of women, it was found out that these stages did not describe their moral development of females as well as they did the development of males. Even though it was apparent that not all individuals might reach the sixth stage (at which a person starts to apply universal principles to make moral decisions), it seemed that women mostly reached only the third stage out of six. As a response, one of Kohlberg’s colle
The definition of community is not an easy matter, as there emerge community groups who define this term in different way. Thus, the sphere of application of this word can influence the concept of community. Still, the similarity lies in the fact that all social groups are aimed at organizing an effective collaborative work. As society is constantly developing, there is an urgent necessity to provide innovative approaches for effective work in team so that a virtual community is the advanced step for fostering productivity of the cooperation. To pursue the merits and the shortcomings of different types of communities, it is necessary to consider various definitions of this term, and the differences between usual and online communities. For primary comprehension of the term “community”, you may consult Random House College Dictionary that presents this notion as “a social group of any size whose member reside in a specific locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical heritage” (Stein 272). This explanation is more appropriate for defining geographically preconditioned communities and, therefore, it can be associated with specific professional and learning groups. Another definition presents an unconventional perception of this term that associates community with identity and mutual agreement. Barney states “identity and community are organically related” (156) so that it may directly refer to the identity of interests and characters exalted to the status of community. Relying on the above, it must be stated that community is purely a social phenomenon based on communication and further cooperation. The presented definitions break the stereotypes that geographical factor is one of the major obstacles for creating communities. Nowadays, the era of computerization offers greater opportunities for virtual communication. So far, the term community involved such synonyms as ‘village’, ‘city’ and ‘town’ that all determined location. Now this word could be bravely associated with the Internet. A virtual communication is a new stage in the improvement of community organization. According to Rheingold, online communities “are in part a response to the hunger for community that has followed the disintegration of traditional communities around the world” (362). Perhaps, this is the major shortcoming of this type of community. However, this can be regarded as the best way-out for those peoples who do not have the possibility to be engaged in real relationships. The variation of online community is cyber-communities presented by different online organizations that are more efficient than usual communities are. For instance, such communit