ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Multiple regression analysis is one of the statistical tools normally being applied in business decision-making processes. Organizations’ managers often use multiple regression analysis in the circumstances where the outcome to be predicted contain more than two variables. In other words, multiple regression analysis is used to predict an outcome whose predicting variables are two or more (Black 312). In fact, in real business situation, decisions normally involve consideration of several variables. The suppositions in simple linear regression are also applicable in multiple regressions. Even though hypothetical multiple regression analysis might seem simpler, in the real world scenario the procedure is often complex depending on the number of variables used to predict the outcome (Black 315). However, the concerns of multiple regressions are the assessments of the influence of several variables that in contemporary researches is known as the predictors on criterion, which is the expected outcome (Black 310). The aim of the multiple regressions is to determine the level of percentage of influence the predictor variables have on the dependent variables. In real business situations, multiple regressions can be applied in the examination of outcomes from varied variables of connecting hypothetical model. Businesses outcomes are normally varied ranging from the production outcome to sales performance. Within the continuum are the profits or returns on investments. All the factors that determine these outcomes are the variables and several factors often determine a single outcome (Groebner 43). Business managers are often faced with difficulties in deciding the best factor combination that will result in maximum output. For instance, a firm may utilize the multiple regressions in the determination of whether the individual job performances are influenced by aggression and friendly or outgoing behaviors. Therefore, appropriate statistical tool that takes into consideration all the factor variables is required for decision-making processes. The paper tends to demonstrate how the multiple regressions as a statistical tool are applied by businesses to analyze data to make meaningful decisions. The paper examines the application of regression analysis in three parts. The first part provide decision-making problem that are normally experienced by businesses and offer procedures through which regression analysis is utilized to solve such dilemmas. The second part examines the literature on how regression is applied in real business situation. The final part tend to examine the effects of violating the ethical procedures in regression analysis such as avoiding the assumptions being made while applying the multiple regression technique in business decision-making process. A
General health problem It is estimated that about two-thirds of the American adult population is overweight (Marks, 2014). This is despite the rampant and radical campaigns that have been going on around the country advising people to embrace healthier diets. According to the author, the of obesity has increased by 100% in the last forty years and this is in an alarming situation (Marks, 2014). The truth is very few Americans are in a regular exercising plan or gym sessions to reduce calories in their bodies. This article gives a very elaborate explanation of why the rate of obesity is increasing in the nation. As he articulately puts it, the author asserts that we are descendants of a generation of survivors. Our genetic makeup is designed to store nutrients. How the health problem affects my population Today, our technological know-how has reduced the effects of drought and we no longer need the natural mechanism to store nutrients for future use. However, while the famine and abundance structure might have changed, our genetic makeup is still the same. With the abundance of food in our stores, the body still finds a way to store nutrients in our systems. Therefore, if the nutrients stored in our bodies are not utilized, we end up adding more weight hence the prevalence of obesity. The author also laments that people are not heeding the advice given by nutritionists despite the evidence and proof of the benefits of maintaining a healthy and physically fit body (Go
Traditional supply chain management follows a siloed structure which is inherently reactive and lacks the capability to adapt and become flexible to rapidly changing realities of the modern economy. Inflexibility may create issues for the company in terms of supply and demand planning as well as demand volatility. Due to recognized weaknesses of the traditional approach, companies are focusing on accurate demand planning through the use of technology which allows predicting patterns and promptly responding to market trends (Vanguard Software, 2017). Supply chain executives continuously emphasize demand volatility and the lack of demand visibility as the greatest barriers to a company’s innovation and growth. A business must be able to rapidly and efficiently process and respond to changes in consumer demand to remain successful. The method of improving demand planning is based on forecasting, planning, demand sensing and shaping, and fulfillment. These capabilities should be actively coordinated in order to optimize demand processes that would serve a variety of consumers channels with differentiated products. As an example, specific segments may require production to use a make-to-forecast model, while other industries are strictly on a make-to-order basis (Supply Chain Quarterly, 2016). The most efficient supply chain systems in organizations with high demand overview a wide variety of factors beyond historical sales trends. It is vital to consider signals in consumer behavior and lifestyle trends which may indicate demand changes. These may include sale forecasts, marketing plans, and even feedback from the retail point of sales. Some of the recommendations to improve supply-demand management include close integration and coordination between all strategic processes. Demand generation and demand fulfillment should be coordinated to ensure efficiency. It is essential to establish configuration and coordination of operations, including through social interactions and information sharing within inter and intra-company environments. Furthermore, increased focus should be made on the customer (demand) and supplier segmentation, performance indicators, and marketing activities (Melo & Alcântara, 2016). These are methods which can improve the level of adherence to demand management that are evident in a variety of industries such as coffee (restaurant) and retail.
Religion and human society have always been a great part of any country or nation. A person’s belief in something that is unexplained and higher is inseparable from a human being. Islam is a religion that has many followers, even though the rules and beliefs are rather strict and hard to follow. The Five Pillars of Islam are major guides for any Muslim’s life and people pay great attention and put effort in to be a part of the higher order of existence. The Five Pillars of Islam are called in such a characteristic and specific way because they are the major definitions of what is right and wrong for any Muslim person. Even though it is close to impossible to trace the origins of where it started, one does not have to look far into the past to explain their own following and undoubted belief. Due to this, there were some rituals that had to be carried out. The first pillar is Belief. People must be able to let go of any skeptical thoughts or opinions and rely on the Islam and God. Sometimes, it is difficult to do due to life’s hardships that were experienced by people, leading to a lack in their faith. They realize that the major part of their life is gone and that the choices made, will not be undone. The second pillar is Worship. It is the intricate relationship each person has with God and how they can rely on the God’s ability to help and change the world. Prayer is a big part of religion when a person can ask the Higher Power to help them live through the hard times or find the solution to the depressing problem. When a person feels lost, religion welcomes the individual with the reassurance that they will be helped and life will become better. The power and the entity of God is a great mystery and so, people rely on this belief to find resources to feel happy again. The third pillar is Charitable giving. An individual must contribute and repay the God for all the help they have received (Teece, 2004). The relationship is reciprocal where the worshipped God and a person are mutually respective and supporting, as they both need each other. The fourth pillar is the Fasting during a certain time in the year, more specifically, the whole month of Ramadan. The beliefs and traditions are closely intertwined with the social fabric. When people fast together, they unite with the common goal and pay their respects to God. It is the cleansing of the soul through control and limitations to the body and simple pleasures of the mind and physical satisfaction (Khan, 2000). When people follow rules and entrust their minds and organism to God, it shows true devotion and belief in the great plan that has been created for the people by the Spirit. The fifth pillar is the Visit to Mecca or pilgrimage, as people often refer to this as a mission. This must be achieved at least once in a lifetime and is thought to be sacred (Zepp, 2000). Of course, for those who have to travel longer distance, the process can be seen as more rewarding because the time and energy they spend are that much gr
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase with close structural homology to the mitotic Cdks. The multifaceted of Cdk5 and p35, the neuron-specific regulatory subunit of Cdk5, plays significant roles in brain growth, such as neuronal movement and neurite outgrowth. Cdk5 has an important role in the growth and maturity of the brain, and abnormal Cdk5 activity has been shown to cause the degeneration of neurons in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cdk5 has a multifarious nature that can be dangerous for neurons if its action is either highly decreased or increased (Lau et al, 2002). According to Fatema and Mehdi (2008), “Cdk5 is activated by non-cyclin proteins, p35 and p39. Cdk5 has the function of phosphorylating a wide range of proteins most of which are associated with cell morphology and motility. A large number of known substrates of Cdk5 are cytoskeletal essentials that communicate with molecules or proteins that are involved in regulating its activity.” In cells without any defects, transcription and activity of Cdk5 are strictly controlled. Cdk5 is found mostly in post-mitotic neurons, its natural activity is essential for migration and maturation of neurons in the developing brain. Components involved in the control of Cdk5 activities are well-thought-out as prospective therapeutic molecules for neurodegenerative diseases. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is mainly active in the central nervous system (CNS) due to the selective neuronal localization of its activator proteins, p35 and p39, or their truncated forms, p25 and p29 (Dhavan and Tsai, 2001). Cdk5 phosphorylates different types of substrates and therefore performs a crucial role in neuronal differentiation, migration, axon outgrowth and synaptogenesis (Lee and Kim, 2004; Smith et al., 2001). However, increasing evidence has shown that abnormal activation of Cdk5 is toxic to neurons, leading to apoptosis under both physiological and pathological conditions (Shelton and Johnson, 2004). Defective Cdk5 activity culminates into hyperphosphorylation of tau and neurofilaments, leading to microtubule network damage and deterioration, neuronal retraction and apoptosis (Bu et al., 2002). Besides, Cdk5 arbitrates neurotoxic consequences through phosphorylation and prevention of the transcription element myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), one of the most important elements involved in regulation in neuronal survival (Tang et al., 2005). The normal Cdk5 functions, conferred mainly by association with its primary activator p35, is vital for normal cellular actvities and must be tightly regulated. In cases of neurotoxicity, p35 is cleaved to form p25, which turns into a powerful and decentralised hyperactivator of Cdk5, this subsequently leads to down regulation of Cdk5 activity. p25 levels have been found to be elevated in ALS. p25/Cdk5 also causes excessive phosphorylation of neurofilament proteins that makeup pathol
Introduction Apichatpong Weerasethakul’s Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives stirred different emotions and still makes many viewers recall some film’s shots connected with life after death. This paper is going to unveil the subjects of phantoms presented in the film as the unveiling features of a dying man’s deathbad concerns. Significantly, the film is a masterful piece of art created to convey the life’s impermanence through spiritual forms and to showcase the ability of every viewer to relate and sympathize with the protagonist, although not everyone may agree with this one. The main idea conveyed here would be Uncle’s actual vision of the death itself. The essay will discuss that Uncle Boonmee was not afraid to die; moreover, he was presented to a unique opportunity to travel through lives of his own and through spaces. Please, see this subject unveiled through examination of different uncanny and queer spaces and figures appearing in the film, prompt number two. Theme Background This is a story of two last days of a man who is dying from a kidney disease and tries to find out why it is through recalling his life and assessing everything he has done. The plot seems to be entangled at first not until you understand Uncle Boonmee goes through the past life’s stories and ends up in a cave where his soul was first born. There were multiple questions arising in my head while watching the film. However, once it finished I understood the main criteria and the center point to assess this movie by – what is the meaning of life? Indeed, there are those scenes that merely make you terrified (sex with a catfish) or simply stumbled (the beast-like son) but what is important here is how Apichatpong Weerasethakul created those unreal and phantasmagorical spaces to win popularity and Palm d’Or. The First Uncanny Creature Meaning Remarkably, the director showcases Uncle Boonmee’s ability to interact with talking animals and otherworldly visitors but he is completely unable to rationalize their actual existence. This is what the film is outstanding for – presentation of ever-interesting and bothering-the-soul questions that we frequently allow to come up to the surface of our conscience. One of them is death. This masterpiece introduces us to the relations we are afraid to admit existence of – the ones between living and dead. I have come to this conclusion while watching these simple camera work and the lighting techniques that helped understand the queers even when it was a little confusing in the middle of the motion picture to understand the director’s intent. Interestingly, Weerasethakul’s work brings forward Uncle Boonmee’s wife as a symbol of a sick man’s
Introduction Coca Cola Company has procurement section which has bogus suppliers where procurement officer can submit quotations that are fabricated to circumvent procurement rules of the company. A procurement officer may manipulate specifications by drawing up overly specifications which are restrictive or biased to be able to favor a supplier. This makes the product that is sold by the company to appear as if it bears the specifications that are listed and customers purchase because the specifications are in line with what they want but in reality, the product sold does not contain those specifications. Problem Coca Cola Company may obtain sub-standard goods and services that are accepted by procurement officer from supplier and pay for them without knowing that they are not of the right quality. There are unauthorized rebates or commissions where rebates are solicited from supplier without permission from employer after orders are placed with supplier. Quotation information of one supplier is disclosed to another supplier through leaking information and this interferes with privacy of suppliers. (Kristensen, 2003 pp10-13) Sales and marketing in Coca Cola Company has vulnerable areas of security where discounts are manipulated by salesperson through pocketing bulk purchase discounts and sales discounts by using intermediate company for re-selling goods to potential customers. Information is disclosed to customers about the competitors of the company making the company loose its customers to competitors and salesperson accepts commissions without getting permission from the employer. Collusion exists in salesperson through falsifying record of sales in order to allow a particular person get higher bonus or incentive after sales made are over a certain volume. The supervisor gives false reports about number of staffs who are recruited on temporary basis and gives the employers forged records of attendance in order to deceive Coca Cola Company and make those employees be paid their salaries. Members of staff who are served by corrupt supervisor false their records of attendance to be able cover up their absence from duty. The supervisor colludes with members of staff so that false claims can be made about the number of overtime hours worked in order to receive salaries they have not worked for. A supervisor responsible for promotion and hiring does not disclose close relationship that exist between him and the candidate which results to the candidate being favored at the expense of other potential candidates. Medical and rental certificated are forged to deceive employer and make him pay housing and medical allowance to staff that may not deserve it. (Kristensen, 2003 pp14-17) Failure to manage stores at the Coca Cola Company may make the areas be vulnerable to security because; theft occurs to the goods that are kept in the storeroom that are physically insecure. Records are falsified by storekeeper to reduce levels of stock so that some stocks are taken for personal use and some of the stocks that are still in good condition are written off and taken out for personal use. The person responsible for di
Measurements The measurement of entrepreneurial leadership characteristics has become crucial nowadays. Specific methods were designed to implement this idea. Several scholars presented examples of such techniques. Paul Torrance was a specialist in psychology who invented a test that measures creativity. This trait is a must when it comes to finding solutions to emerging problems. Another example is Entrescale. It is a well-known scale that measures the entrepreneurial orientation at the firm level. These examples illustrate the possibility of such measurements. Techniques for assessing entrepreneurial characteristics are particularly relevant in the fast-developing business world. Disruptions The concept of entrepreneurial disruptions has developed for more than 60 years. The first idea of disruptive innovations was described by Christensen. He suggested that innovations might shift the balance in established markets. The cell phone is a notorious example of disruptive innovation. Most customers could not afford to buy these devices at first. However then, technologies developed, and the market of cell phones became much bigger than the market of traditional desktop telephones. Another example is a personal computer. The invention of the PC affected the well-established market of mainframe computers. Therefore, technological development is the main principle of the entrepreneurial disruption concept.
Dear guests, students, instructors, and fellow graduates, I am honored to be a part of this gathering and have a chance to express my feelings on this day with all of you. Neil Armstrong once said about landing on the moon, “it is a small step for a man and a huge step for mankind.” The meaning of today’s event is very similar for us, graduate students. Although it might be a small step for each of us in terms of education, it is a giant leap between who we used to be and who we are becoming. The richness of knowledge, valuable experiences, skills, networks, and worldview insights that we acquired at ASA College have become a significant part of our lives. It will shape the form of our future and guide us toward new achievements. Although the path toward graduation was not a conventional one due to the COVID-19 challenges, these difficulties taught us an important lesson: there is nothing impossible if you have a sincere desire and eagerness to achieve your goals. So let us make that leap confidently and with a firm belief in success!
Introduction Bacterial spoilage is caused by harmful or food spoiling bacteria, which result in diseases and contamination, leading to the outbreak of food-borne diseases. The result is an impact on the economic side of the food industry. It is possible to detect these harmful bacteria using conventional culture methods. These conventional methods do not expose all the bacteria found in injured cells. As a result, there are a variety of methods used to identify food spoiling bacteria in food (Yamaguchi, Ohba, and Nasu 631). Techniques for bacteria analysis “Gene amplification and PCR provide species-specific detection with high sensitivity, though the process is arduous, as it requires the extraction of DNA or RNA from microbial cells” (Yamaguchi, Ohba and Nasu 631). According to Yamaguchi, Ohba, and Nasu, flow cytometry is used in the rapid identification of bacteria in milk through methods such as “total bacterial counts, detection of pseudomonas cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and detection of respiring Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells by double staining with Fluorescein Isothiocyanate -labeled antibody and 5-cyano-2, 3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride”. Though the flow cytometry technique is fast, responsive, and consistent, the equipment is expensive, and its operation is complex for the untrained personnel (Yamaguchi, Ohba, and Nasu 632). Microfluidic chip-based systems According to Yamaguchi, Ohba, and Nasu, these systems have been used on criteria such as bacteria cell sorting, on-chip staining as well as the simple identification of protozoa or bacterial cells in river water. The chip-based systems are highly advantageous since they can be automated, and have low reagent consumption. In addition to this, they are small, cost-effective fast, and extremely reproducible. The chips are used once and the system is implemented when closed, which reduces the risk of biohazard. The efficiency of the system has been tested on small amounts of pseudomonas cells, which cause spoilage in milk. The pseudomonas spp. can contaminate milk in various phases of the growth cycle, as it “grows actively during refrigerated storage and produces enzymes such as proteases and lipases that degrade milk compounds, which result in off-flavours and reduced shelf life” (Yamaguchi, Ohba and Nasu 632). Materials and methods In the investigation, Pseudomonas cells in their stationary phase were acquired by incubation at 30°C in a liquid medium, while starved cells were obtained by a process involving centrifugation and washing with sterile phosphate-buffered saline, before being stored in the dark for a month, at 4°C. The milk used was inoculated with the pseudomonas cells at various densities, after being heated at 140°C, before the samples were prepared for Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the liquid phase (Yamaguchi, Ohba and Nasu 632). The chip-based method of detecting bacteria in milk requires the milk to be cleared, in order to avoid “false-positive results due to nonspecific binding of fluorescent dyes and probes to milk compo