ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Research Overview The UAE government has, over the years, rolled out strategies aimed at improving the service quality through strategic and focused touchpoints aimed at positively impacting the level of customer satisfaction. The satisfaction level is measured in terms of the happiness matrix. In the last five years, the government has been at the forefront in the introduction and institutionalization of centers of excellence across all public institutions through a policy-based customer service approach. The efforts have been expanded to include encouraging private organizations to equally integrate the centers of excellence in their customer service activities as part of the total quality management (Eman, Ayman, & El-Nahas, 2013). The government efforts have paid off as the UAE was voted the country within the Gulf region with the highest happiness index. This means that the citizens are generally happy with the service module and strategies of the government aimed at sustaining the unique touchpoints. For instance, the UAE government has integrated the online and offline rating of the services through the suggestion boxes in most public institutions and online dating platforms at the end of every Internet-based service module. The progress in the quality of service delivery in the government offices has been positive and relatively attractive, considering the hierarchy concerns. In these offices, the quality management tools such as TQM, Lean Six-Sigma, and ISO certification has become benchmarking instruments for tracking the sustainability of the service delivery efforts. Therefore, it is important to review the effectiveness of the touchpoints within the UAE government customer service delivery strategy to establish their sustainability in terms of improving the current happiness index. Research Problem As already mentioned in the research overview, it is vital to review the current quality management strategies in the UAE government offices in terms of the critical success factors presented in the form of touchpoints. The study should investigate the total quality instrumentation, government policies on public service charter, and a potential barrier to a sustainable happiness index. At present, there is very little empirical evidence that has been gathered on the impacts of the UAE government’s touchpoints in customer service towards sustaining the happiness index within public institutions. The limited evidence forms the basis for this study. Through a comparative literature review and focused methodology, the proposed study will draw a conclusion in the effectiveness of the current touchpoints in improving service quality and the general country’s happiness index. Scope The research scope is limited to reviewing different UAE government touchpoints from a total quality management perspective to establish their existing relationship to the customer happiness index. Thus, the study is focused on the effects of total quality management strategies of the UAE government in public service and how these
Bollywood is a Hindu film industry situated in Bombay. It is interesting to find out that this name was derived from the city of Mumbay which was referred to as Bombay and Hollywood (Ranade 27). According to the information given by Branston Gill in his book Globally Popular Cinema, Cinema and Cultural Modernity, the author emphasizes that this industry was among the largest in the world in 1970 (108). As a matter of fact, it turns out that Bollywood industry does not include all the films produced in India. It deals with and contributes only 20% of the films produced in the country. Bollyhood does not specialize in production of film of one genre; there are a large variety of genres, and the movies, which are produced in this film industry, have a set of standards in terms of quality. There are some specific features that unite all the movies created there. Thus, every film produced by Bollywood uses music and combines a little bit of every genre, that is why it seems that everything different from this is not a Bollywood movie (Dil to 57). India is not a country that speaks one language; there are different languages spoken by people living in different geographical area, there is also a difference in religion, however, most of Bollywood films are in Hindi language, and at the time, the film industry was coming up, Hindu was not among the common languages in India (Gill 116). Hindi was the opted because of its familiarity with the traders; it was known and understood by many because of its similarity in dialect with the other languages. The industry became more popular nationally, after Hindi language was nationalized. The industry grew to become among the world’s famous industry, and currently, India has close to 12000 theatres; these theatres include small rooms in the neighborhood and the most complex film houses used for screening films (Gill 149). These theatres have the same arrangement as other theatres, although, in India, viewers get their snacks during a break which lasts between 15-30 minutes; this is the time they munch something as they tell stories on what they have seen. This is opposed to US where people buy snacks and get with them inside the theatres (Dil to 201). This film industry has clients from India with close to 20 million people visiting theatres to watch films; people visit these theatres at their convenient times of the day, and this means that the theatres are always busy throughout the day. Films from Bollywood are not only sold in In
The objective of the mouse micronucleus assay is to evaluate a test article for clastogenic activity in polychromatic erthrocyte (PCE) stem cells in treated mice. The micronucleus test serves as a rapid screen for the clastogenic agents and test articles that interfere with normal mitotic division. Micronuclei are formed from chromosome fragments left behind during anaphase and scored during interphase since they persist. This saves on time spent seeking metaphase spreads in treated cell populations. Micronucleus induction also helps in the detection of clastogenic agents and test articles affecting spindle fiber function or formation. Materials   * Adult male and female healthy mice, strain CD-1, from a randomly bred closed colony.   * The positive control article used is Triethylene melamne (TEM) at 1.0 mg/kg. It is administered via a split dose intraperitoneal injection.   * The negative control article consists of the solvent or vehicle used for the test article. It is administered by the same route as, and concurrently with the test article in volumes equal to the maximum amount administered to the experimental animals. Experimental design Five males and five females for each dose level are assigned to study groups at random. Before the study commences, the animals are weighed to determine their dose levels. The volume of test articles administered per animal is established using a mean weight. Ear tag and ear punches are used to distinguish and identify the animals. Cage cards are used to identify the dose or treatment groups. Determination of dose levels is done via acute toxicity information like LD50, which is determined statistically by probit analysis Administration of the test article is performed orally via an acute dose that is followed by micro-nuclei sampling at 12, 48, and 72 hr after exposure. The animals are killed with CO2, six hours after the final dose. The adhering soft tissue and epiphyses of both femurs are then removed. The marrow is aspirated from the bone and transferred to centrifuge tubes containing 5ml fetal calf serum, with one tube for each animal. Portions of the pellet are spread on slides and air-dried before the slides are stained in May-Gruenwals solution and Giemsa. One thousand PCEs for each animal are scored. The frequency of micro-nucleated cells is expressed as percent micro-nucleated cells based on the total PCEs present in the scored optic field. Evaluation criteria Mature erythrocytes and other cells in the fields are recorded but not scored. Only PCEs are scored for micronuclei. Cytotoxicity is evident when there is a loss of nucleated cells. Active responses are assumed to reflect clastogenic and related activities of test articles. A two-tailed t-test is used to analyze the data generated, using individual animal results as data points in the analysis. The set of micronuclei frequencies among the controls is compared to the set of each treatment level. Increases above the negative control frequency that are significant at p < 0.01 are considered indicative of an active agent.
In Chapter I ‘Representation, meaning and language’ Stuart Hall gives reasons for the concept of representation being an important aspect of the cultural studies. For a deeper understanding of the way’s representation links the meaning to culture, it’s essential to go through various theories of language being used for world representation. Because some people belong to the same culture, the same people also have similar methods of interpreting language signs. This concept can be illustrated with the use of visual signs that bear a certain similarity to the object, individual, or other item they refer to. For instance, a photograph or a realistic painting of a tree in the garden shows how the visual sign is being interpreted by the individual’s perception. On the other hand, the signs that are spoken or written have no connection to the objects they refer. For instance, letters T, R, E, E have nothing in common with trees in nature (Hall 21). The Chapter ‘Representation, meaning and language’ Stuart Hall, a cultural theorist explores the concept of representation as means of transferring the meaning into the language. The ideas laid out in the first chapter have built a foundation for a further research of the concept of representation and its manifestation in the cultural development. Stuart Hall defined culture in the framework of “shared meanings and shared conceptual maps” that are never enough for a complete concept representation (19). The target audience for Hall’s finding is predominantly scholars and students interested in the topic as the writing in some cases can be quite complex. Fig. 1. The Word ‘Tree’ (“Word Tree as an Image”). In my opinion, the representation can bear various forms and can mean different things to different people. In Chapter I “Representation, meaning and language” Stuart argued that the concept of the tree in nature is represented by letters T, R, E, E in a particular sequence, the same for the letters of other languages that also represent this concept. His idea that the letters T, R, E, E have nothing in common with real trees has pushed me to imagine the letter that did, indeed, look like trees. The chosen image shows that if the word that represents a certain concept looked like the concept, the idea of representation would be much more simple for understanding. We look at the word and without even reading it or thinking about its meaning, we instantly see the concept conveyed by this word. The Vocabulary of Comics Understanding Comics by Scott McCloud is another imp
Boyz ‘n’ the Hood and Rebel Without a Cause are movies that shed light on different problems present in different eras and different neighborhoods. The first movie represents the hood life around the ’80s and ’90s and the second movie highlights the problems of middle-America youth in the post-war era. Both movies explore underlying themes of social deviation and why it happens. The diagnosis of all the characters is a form of deviation and the prognosis is building strong relationships and family ties and labeling the people around us positively. Each movie uses different tools and characters into providing insight into a certain way of life among certain people. Boyz N the Hood and Rebel Without a Cause provide many examples of the deviance and control theories. Deviance in statistics is the variations in what the outcomes are supposed to be. In sociology, a deviant is a person who isn’t what he should normally be. Any variation from social, cultural, or religious norms can be a deviation. “In a recent book about deviance, Douglas (1984) has identified rape, homosexuality, and terrorism as major categories of deviance today, and his choice of these highlights a recurrent concern among sociologists to link analysis of deviance with that of particular forms of sexual and violent behavior. Indeed, a quick glance through the contents of any book dealing with deviance is likely to reveal an interest in making sense of forms of sexual behavior as diverse as prostitution, child abuse, homosexuality, transsexualism, and extra-marital sexual activity. Similarly, with respect to violence, interest has been shown in gang violence, rape, juvenile delinquency, football hooliganism, and acts of terrorism. To this list of concerns, however, should be added studies looking at less spectacular forms of deviances such as alcohol dependence, childlessness, stuttering, and solvent use” (Aggleton 1-2) Many of these deviations are portrayed in both movies. The most significant ones relate to crime, murder, sex, and alcohol and drug abuse, and underlying connotations of homosexuality. “John Singleton’s 1991 film Boyz N the Hood in the context of American subcultural deviance theories… presents aspects of many of the major theories of deviance (labelin
Education Policies K-12 From a historical point of view, the federal government has provided only little financial support to American K-12 public education. It is one of the state’s responsibilities to provide and support education in local schools across the states. The federal government also influences public education through numerous policies. The purpose of this paper is to analyze two federal policies affecting K-12 education in the New York state, referring to the various aspects and outcomes of their implementation. Corporate School Reform The development of digital technologies and the Internet has revolutionized all aspects of human activities, including education. New platforms and technologies have been introduced for the enhancement of the educational process and provision of knowledge to all children around the globe. According to Roberts-Mahoney, Means, and Garrison (2016), “advanced by powerful venture philanthropies, educational technology companies, and policy-makers, it is suggested that big data, cloud computing, learning analytic software, and adaptive learning systems hold the potential to fundamentally ‘reinvent education for the twenty-first century’ through the ‘customization of education’ and the ‘personalization of teaching and learning’” (405). People think that the profound use of digital technologies will help their children to prepare for the rapidly changing environments and circumstances of interpersonal and business communication and to become successful in their future workplaces. The federal government supports the use of digital technologies in the sphere of public education. The US Department of Education plans to implement a corporate school reform. This initiative underlines the need for privatization and marketization of schools and “includes an emphasis on holding schools and teachers accountable for student academic performance through the standardization of curriculum, teacher evaluation systems, and high-stakes testing” (Roberts-Mahoney, Means, & Garrison, 2016, p. 406). The reforms use extensively new educational technologies. The integration of digital platforms in the learning process aims to enhance the quality of education by a personalized approach to the pupils. One of the main purposes of the corporate school reform is to create individual computer-based learning programs that will collect information about the behaviors and preferences of students to analyze the possibilities to enhance education. Roberts-Mahoney, Means, and Garrison (2016) conclude that “the explicit aim of personalized learning technology is to move curricular, pedagogical increasingly, and assessment decisions away from public school settings to private providers of commercial technology and digital learning platforms” (418).   * Students are
Services in various professional fields can be provided by licensed experts, which obtain certain documents after completing examinations, and those who do not possess a license. There are strict requirements and assessment systems with which it is possible to qualify an employee using professional licensure. The function of professional licensure is to secure society by implementing norms that regulate the practice, creating a valuable contribution to the job framework. The majority of professional licenses are issued by the United States of America government to companies and people. Professional licensure ensures that certain service is fulfilled by a competent person who has satisfied particular educational, job experience, and examination requirements. Some scholars argue that license is a foundation of numerous professions since it ensures individual accountability for the quality of service and its societal and environmental advantages (Bielefeldt, 2019). One way to emphasize the value of licensure is to necessitate students from various specialties to take a comprehensive examination before graduating (Bielefeldt, 2019). Considering the importance of professionals complying with licensing orders, it is possible to state that a license is represented as an insurance factor. Licenses issued by public authorities provide all working process parties guarantee that a fully-qualified specialist will perform the activity and the order will be transparent and fair. In conclusion, professional licensure is an essential process that secures both the company or professional and the customer. Recognizing the centrality of professionals adhering to licensing rules, it is reasonable to assume that a license serves as an insurance element in this instance. Licenses provided by government agencies assure all parties involved in a working process that a fully-certified specialist will conduct the activity and that the order will be transparent and accountable. Reference Bielefeldt, A. R. (2019). Professional licensure among civil engineering faculty and related educational requirements. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, 145 (3). Web.
Introduction New York and California have complex Medicaid systems, but one of them is more effective than the other. It is essential to understand how this has occurred so that improvements can be made. Comparison Eligibility for Long-term care financing through Medicaid in California (Medi-Cal) is determined by a range of factors. These include: one’s income status, assets, citizenship and residential status. California has placed an asset limit on people who qualify for Medi-Cal. One’s bank account, car, and other properties are examined before one can qualify. An institutionalized patient’s spouse cannot have more than 87,000 dollars if the patient is to receive Medicaid services (Street, 2001). Nonetheless, people who incur frequent medical expenses can be eligible regardless of their income status. In the state of New York, individuals with more than 13, 800 dollars are theoretically ineligible for Medicaid. However, if one can prove that one has high medical expenditures that leave him or her with 787 dollars worth of remaining income, then he or she would qualify for Medicaid (Empire Centre, 2011). In other words, the state of New York has specific deductible figures that it considers prior to qualification while California is more general in their approach. The two states also differ in terms of their expenditures. New York’s long-term care financing costs are the highest in the country. This has been brought on by a combination of factors. First of all, the state has one of the highest percentages of elderly citizens in the country. The national average is 1.8% while New York’s elderly population accounts for 2% of the population (elderly citizens are all those people who are 85 years and above). Furthermore, older New York residents tend to be disproportionately poorer than other people in the country. Medicaid accounts for 72% of all nursing facility services, yet the national average is 64%. All these factors cause the state’s expenditures to reach enormous levels. It was reported that in 2009, New York spent 12.4 billion dollars in long-term care financing through Medicaid. Conversely, the state of California spent much less on this service. It used up seven billion dollars in 2008 thus showing that administrative functions may be more cost-effective in the latter state. Long-term care financing in California occurs through private and public avenues. Medi-cal, Medicare, state aging programs, and county aging programs represent 60% of all expenditure. Therefore, private funds account for 40% of all expenditure in California. On the other hand, New York is dominated by Medicaid funding. Privately funded long-term care services represent only 13%. This implies that a very huge burden has been placed on the federal government. A major challenge that exists in both states is the component of spousal refusal
Personal Financing Planning concerns not only an individual’s expenditure, but also financial forecasting techniques, which help in investment decision making. The adoption of Personal Financing Planning is not only beneficial to individuals, but also the government and the public in general. The roles of Personal Financing Planning as a profession are uniquely designed to meet individual’s financial needs at any given time and place. Since dynamic factors such as inflation, currency devaluation, and exchange rate affect the financial needs of individuals, Personal Financing Planning professionals develop and implement new techniques suitable for every unique need. This helps in reducing the risks of financial losses to individuals and families. Personal Financing Planning constitutes all aspects of an individual’s finances and all factors affecting the value of these finances. These aspects of individual or family finances include sources of money, areas of expenditure and investment opportunities. Personal Financing Planning helps in calculation of an individual of family’s gross and net income from all income sources such as salary, rent, personal loans, and dividends from shares. Further, it establishes possible investment avenues such as buying of stock market shares, acquiring of assets such as land and building, and retirement plans. Many countries lack legal framework to regulate Personal Financing Planning. This has allowed many unqualified persons to use the title of “financial planner” indiscriminately. To curb the malpractice activities, Personal Financing Planning professionals from different parts of the world initiated the formation of regulating bodies to maintain order and encourage professionalism in the industry. The formation of bodies such as Financial Planning Authority (FPA) and Financial Planning Standards Board (FPSB) is a result of the resolution of Personal Financing Planning practitioners. However, much still needs to be done, as illegal practices are still rampant in the industry. Personal Financing Planning requires wide knowledge from different fields. Qualification as a Certified Personal Financing Planner (CFP) requires a bachelor’s degree in business, certificate in financial planning from CFP Board, and a considerable experience. Many institutions offer postgraduate diploma in financial planning, which can help enhance knowledge and much required skills in the field. Additionally, a master degree in financial planning is an added advantage. The complexity of problems financial planners handle requires additional knowledge in accounting and finance, to assist families and individuals in navigating through life’s vicissitudes. Since most financial planners work under no supervision, discipline and good communication skills are essential requirements for their success. There are many obstacles to becoming an accredited Personal Financing Planner. First, gaining the much-required qualifications is expensive and time consuming. In fact, for one to acquire a bachelor’s degree and a certification in P