ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Walkability and Obesity The study conducted by Lovasi, Neckerman, Quinn, Weiss, and Rundle (2009) focuses on the effects of the walkability of the neighborhood and its influence on the condition of the population. In particular, attention is paid to obesity. The article reveals that not all groups of people are affected by this condition. The researchers prove that different populations are affected by the walkability of the neighborhood variously. Mainly, alterations are connected with their characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, age, gender, and social status, as well as with their built environment. All in all, the results show that non-Hispanic Whites and people who have better education and household income tend to obtain more benefits from neighborhood walkability. In addition to that, this association for them is the most consistent what cannot be said about the disadvantaged populations and areas. They turn out to be negatively affected by the inability to change their place of residence and the development of additional barriers to having a healthy weight. Thus, in the framework of this study people with “low educational attainment, low household income, Black race, and Hispanic ethnicity” fail to benefit from neighborhood walkability as from the environment that has a positive influence on the reduction of the body mass index (BMI) and obesity (Lovasi et al., 2009, p. 279). Unfortunately, it is not possible to say for sure why such results were obtained. However, it cannot be denied that people’s lifestyle and the lack of means to go to other places has a huge influence on the situation. What is more, there is a possibility that those characteristics of the environment that were not measured affected the results. Thus, these areas may turn out to be unsafe and unattractive. People may have no opportunity to use paid gyms and have different norms and access to food. Activities they are engaged in, and response to environmental features may also differ greatly. Health Promotion Intervention to Reduce Obesity Trying to address the issue of obesity in disadvantaged populations and neighborhoods, I would consider the necessity to develop a health promotion intervention. To ensure the possibility to reach desired outcomes, I would do my best to align the most appropriate theoretical approaches with practice (Chan & Woo, 2010). First of all, I would maintain research to gather the most critical information about obesity and the environment in which it occurs. I would consider people’s behavior and the way it is associated with the discussed health problem. I would resort to authoritative literature sources to find out what health promotion theories can be used (Lobstein & Swinburn, (n.d.). Being able to use the results of research maintained by my predecessors, I would have an opportunity to fill in the gaps they had and to design some innovative solutions (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2014). I would also consider my social context and narrow the sample of my study to t
Symbolism, foreshadowing, irony, and metaphors are literary devices used by the writer to enthrall readers, and it is different from literary style and diction. Style relate to the actual words and sentences constructed by the author, while the devices are derived from the content of the passage. “Things Fall Apart” is the most famous and a rare modern influential African novel in English to make history and inspire people of different backgrounds, even after 50 years of its publication in 1958. In the same vein, Joseph Conrad’s novella “Heart of Darkness,” written in 1899, is about the struggle of two civilized Europeans, Marlow and Kurtz, after they ventured in to the ‘darkness’ of uncivilized Africa,’ and their realization of inherent cruelty of human mind, which is capable of “anything,” to attain their goal.. Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness” is written in complex poetic style, whereas Achebe used very simplistic prose in “Things Fall Apart” to portray his African characters. Though Achebe was much critical about the attitude of Conrad in portraying Africans in ‘Heart of Darkness’, as a classic writer Conrad’s novella successfully stimulates and excites the mind of his readers even today. However, a critical analysis of the books “Heart of Darkness” and “Things Fall Apart” will be helpful in understanding how the colonial narrative influenced Conrad and Achebe. Conrad’s “Heart of Darkness,” possibly the greatest short novel in English, asks troublesome questions on human aggression, disturbs preconceptions and hypocrisy of white on black, and possibly force the reader to ponder deeper into his self and human behavior. Heart of darkness “reproduces dominant turn of the twentieth century values, discourses and prejudices, in order to expose and tackle colonialist motives and justifications.” (Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness). Conrad used poetic language to paint images in our minds, and the metaphors to animate these images and allow them to breath. Conrad’s choice of words and word combinations, his poetic tone and sophisticated style, and smooth transitions craft a sensual experience, and it is an excellent example for his ability to manipulate the abstract language to attain his goal. “The basic narrative structure of Heart of Darkness is a frame-tale with inset stories, an experiment with ‘oblique narration’, a tale within a tale.” (Conrad, p.xxv). “Heart of Darkness” is about what a man’s heart become after they leave civilization, and is much more than a story about colonialism in the Congo. The characteristic of darkness is the inability to see and conce
Objectives, Strategy, and Measurable Outcomes Venous access is critical for performing essential healthcare tasks, ranging from injections to more invasive treatments. The objective of the change proposal is to improve the quality of health management by introducing AccuVein as an innovative solution (“Rapid, successful venous access at lowest cost with minimum patient pain,” n.d.). The improvement in the quality of vein visualization and, therefore, the efficacy of treatment is the main measurable outcome. Implementation Steps In order to implement the proposed innovation, one will need to locate the supplier, purchase the necessary equipment, educate nurses, and provide training sessions for developing the skills for managing AccuVein-based interventions. Required Resources To perform the steps outlined above, one will need financial resources for the purchase, as well as human resources to teach staff members to use the specified tools. Methods for Obtaining Necessary Support from Key Stakeholders Making the change in question will imply that the organization will require support from its primary stakeholders, which include the nursing board, investors, patients, and the hospital staff. To receive the required support, it will be necessary to outline the key effects of the purchase, namely, the increase in the probability of recovery. Plan to Evaluate the Effectiveness of the Change Proposal Project The main criterion of the project’s success is the acquisition of AccuVein and the rise in the number of recoveries due to its use. Role of Information Sources and Technologies The project in question will depend vastly on information sources and IT and ICT technologies since its application will require training, and the training process will be managed with the help of the specified information management tools (Abaidoo & Larweh, 2014). Change Plans: Promoting Health and Preventing Disease Currently, the change plans involving AccuVein include improving the efficacy of venous interventions, namely, injections. The visualization of patients’ veins will help in promoting health through immunization and other types of injection-related interventions. Thus, diseases will be prevented successfully in the target community.
A definition of the dialogue Dialogue according to Bohm is a conversation that occurs between any number of people, which cannot be limited by two. Dialogues are an informal means of understanding each other without having any judgment or prejudice against the other person or his/her ideas. Since it is not about winning or losing, however it is all about “opinion” that Bohm suggests the reason why communication breakdown most of the time. We often like or dislike each other’s opinions which became the crux of the reason why communication breaks most of the time. As soon as the communication is broken, we start making necessary or unnecessary “assumptions” which itself are the ideas or opinions that we have been developing as models in our minds about other subject matter but not limited to a particular matter, for example, it could be about people, things, places, etc. It is due to this model that we often find ourselves engaged in contemplating upon others’ or even our own decisions for whic
The business operations of Marie Stopes International, a UK-based non-profit organization, are oriented to developing and improving processes of assisting females in developing countries. The focus is on educating women regarding contraception and female health aspects (Marie Stopes International, 2015). In this part of a balanced scorecard for Marie Stopes International, it is necessary to present objectives, measures, targets, and actions for the internal business processes perspective while paying attention to the specifics of this non-profit organization. In Table 1, the key objectives oriented to changing and improving internal processes are described in detail. It is possible to state that the objectives for this perspective, as well as previous objectives developed for the financial and customer perspectives, reflect the organization’s mission, vision, and strategy. Thus, the key focus is on creating conditions for serving more females who need support and education regarding their female health and birth control procedures. If objectives developed for the customer perspective were directed toward increasing clients’ satisfaction, these objectives are oriented to improving midwives and nurses’ performance, the quality of services, and the delivery of services. Table 1. The Balanced Scorecard: The Internal Business Processes Perspective Objective                                                                                                                                                              Measure                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Target                           Action
Basic Background Information on Marwan Ashraf Marwan was born in 1944 in the state of Egypt. His father worked in the presidential security division as a military officer. Marwan was recruited into the military at the age of 21 after graduating from Cairo University with a first-class degree in chemical engineering (Parkin, 2020). Marwan met Mona Nasser, the then President Nasser’s daughter, in 1965, and they fell in love. The love blossomed, and the couple married in 1966, bringing Marwan into the political circles. Marwan worked in the military for another two years before leaving for London to pursue a Master of Arts degree in chemistry. Brief Overview of Marwan’s Story Ashraf Marwan’s life is a combination of risk-taking and opportunist. The documentary “The Spy Who Fell to Earth,” based on Dr. Ahron Bregman’s book, explores Egyptian businessman and Israeli spy Ashraf Marwan (Taussig & Carter, 2019). Marwan rose to any occasion and took advantage of it for positive gains. However, against his expectations, president Nasser seems to dislike him. With Mona, the wife, and their son, Ashraf moved to London. A comprehensive claim that the allowance he was getting was not enough could have made him relocate to Europe. Marwan’s story involved a conflict of interests between him, the wife Mona, and the father-in-law Nasser. Nasser disagreed with Ashraf about approaching the Israeli crisis, and Ashraf recommends that Nasser find a diplomatic settlement with Israel, with the US serving as a peace negotiator. On the other hand, Nasser was concerned that this would cost them Soviet Union support. Recognizing that the Soviet Union meant a lot to the president hope for waging war, Ashraf demands that Egypt break ties with the USSR. Marwan overheard the demeaning conversation between Mona and Nasser, becomes angry, and eventually plans revenge. Marwan’s rise to double agent seems more of by chance than an intention or plan. Marwan was an opportunistic guy who would take any action regardless of principles or consequences. The former Mossad officers and the narrators in the documentary describe Ashraf as one who would cling to his gain’s good side (Taussig & Carter, 2019). For example, Marwan decided to contact the Israeli Ambassador to the United Kingdom to exchange crucial intelligence details allegedly for money. The death of Pre
Modern leisure travelers are confronted with a large number of important decisions in the process of developing their vacations. While some people use search engines to facilitate their decision-making, others increasingly rely on professional travel consultants. Travel Supreme is a travel planning company the mission of which is to benefit its customers by providing them with information resources necessary for both short getaways and long-term trips. The company’s travel services experts are proficient in planning journeys and saving money. Travel Supreme’s website has a destination-flexible search option, which allows its users to find the cheapest fare if they are not sure about a particular location. The organization helps its customers to create complex itineraries, coordinate travel plans, reserve hotels, book tickets, and tours, arrange rental vehicles, buy travel insurance, protect their rights, and arrange customized events among others (Archer & Syratt, 2012). The company’s business model is a mix
Environmental as well as organizational pressures represent an integral part of any work structure. The pressures produce a powerful impact upon the procedures and strategies that are used within certain organizations. Moreover, such influences may change a general direction of the work. The nature of the types is completely contrastive, since environmental pressures are usually the revelations of general drawbacks of an organization. Organizational pressures, however, serve as the outcomes of certain structural problems that are created either by the employees or by the managers. The factors that evoke various types of pressures are multifaceted as well. Thus, according to Ramanathan, Poomkaew, and Nath (2014), the major impact upon the shaping of environmental as well as organizational pressures is created by internal stakeholders. Suchlike pressures, due to the authors’ opinion, give birth to a farther economic crisis and reform the regulations (p. 169). This paper explores three major organizational pressures and typical environmental pressures that normally arise within the retail trade organizations. Specifically, a target of the work is a modern grocery store. In this respect, it is possible to identify such environ
Introduction Technology in healthcare helps people get those services and treatments that save lives and provide comfort. In addition, technologies such as Electronic Health Records (EHR) allow providers to increase their efficiency, reduce errors, and improve service quality due to easier access to data and their organization (Tsai et al., 2020). This change management plan will focus on applying Electronic Health Records (EHR) in hospital operations and outline the steps and responsibilities for its successful implementation. Purpose of the Change Management Plan The primary purpose of creating a change management plan is to identify the necessary steps and analyze their implementation actions. At the same time, the goal of introducing changes, or rather the use of EHR, is to improve staff efficiency and the quality of patient care (Tsai et al., 2020). Therefore, this plan is intended to identify all the risks and barriers to the implementation of changes and define the responsibilities of staff to overcome them. Stages and Steps of Plan Implementation Any change process requires such steps as identifying the problem and the main steps to fix it, direct staff action, and evaluating and consolidating the results. According to Lewin’s theory, one can divide such stages into unfreezing, moving, refreezing, and each of these stages determines and uses the driving and restricting forces for the implementation of changes (Udod & Wagner, 2018). Consequently, further steps will be determined according to this classification. Unfreezing During the unfreezing phase, the main task of the leaders is to identify the problem and convince the employees of the need to change old patterns of behavior. For this reason, the first step should be to measure such aspects as staff efficiency and quality of care, employees’ workload satisfaction, and administrative and overall patient care costs. These indicators will indicate the problem and are also pre-test data for assessing the effectiveness of changes. At this stage, it is also necessary to identify the restricting forces, such as lack of education, motivation, and computer skills, to choose measures for their overcoming. In addition, based on data on restricting forces, leaders need to select the most appropriate EHR system with a user-friendly design, detailed instructions for use, and a sufficient database. Moving The moving phase requires the introduction of the EHR system into operation. Therefore, the first step at this stage is to train all personnel in the basic functions of t
John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham developed an ethical framework emphasizing the idea that a morally right action is the action that ultimately yields the most good for all stakeholders (Driver 1). It must be made clear that utilitarianism is a variation of consequentialism, because the right action chosen by the policymakers is assessed based on the consequences produced (Driver 1). In other words, the appropriate application of this particular theoretical framework attempts to create not only the most good, but also to channel the same to the most number of people. From a political standpoint, the application of utilitarianism urges politicians and the government to develop policies, and implement the same, in order to cause the greatest amount of good in favor of the general public. However, not all politicians share this view. In fact, former Congressman Ron Paul believes that in order to create the most good, the best strategy is to reduce the involvement of big government in the affairs of men (Blakeslee 166). Ron Paul’s rhetoric calls for the reduction of the federal government’s capability to interfere with the free market, and this is how he indirectly uses the principle of utilitarianism to create the most good. In the Beginning Ron Paul admitted that as long as he can remember, he was always fighting against every form of government coercion. He was referring to what ordinary people call the Big Government or a Federal Government that has tremendous power to change policies, and interfere in the lives of the average citizen. Consider for instance how disconcerting it is for someone to discover that he or she is in the crosshairs of America’s Internal Revenue Service. It is not a laughing matter to be in the hit list of the IRS. This particular government agency has the power to investigate business dealings and the spending habits of people in order to determine if they paid the correct amount of taxes. If the IRS discovers a discrepancy with a person’s reported income, and the goods and services he was able to acquire, this anomaly becomes the starting point of a government sponsored persecution. Ron Paul believes in the idea that an unfettered government wielded too much power, thus it makes the lives of common folks miserable. In the same manner of speaking, the US government has tremendous leverage when it comes to forcing young people to serve under the US Army in times of war. Ron Paul is uncomfortable with the presence of a Big Government unhindered by the existence of appropriate checks and balances. He is also mortified whenever the federal government creates a policy that focuses only on the short term impact, and creates opportunities and benefits that only favors a select number
In the study of reflexes, it is possible to highlight the difference between reflexive displays of children’s speaking abusive language and conscious behavioral patterns. Reflex Understanding the notion of reflex is important because it can provide a solid explanation for children’s specific actions (Chance, 2008). Reflexes reveal a relationship between a certain event and a simple reaction to the event. Though reflex is not a specific behavior, it can be applied in my project because children often make use of bad language to imitate specific actions. Sensitization Sensitization is closely connected with the degree of responding to stimuli. For example, children can use abusive words when they are angry with an individual or event when an object or a person irritates them (Chance, 2008). In this study, the concept of sensitization is indispensable to understand how delinking activities can influence their behavior. Modal Action Pattern (MAP) The modal action pattern involves a sequence of instinctive behavioral patterns aimed at responding to external sensory stimuli. As soon as a specific pattern of behavior is fixed, such as bad language use, it is necessary to define how this behavior can be changed. Stimuli Experience is a set of events and situations affecting behavior. These events are considered stimuli. They are mostly physical. In my study, the concept of stimuli is crucial because I am going to delink the external factors, such as television, and define how it can introduce positive change to children’s behavior. Once the objectives and rationale for the project have been established, an effective methodological design should be introduced to make the research viable and credible. In this respect, certain theoretical issues are to be introduced to take a closer look at the most effective ways of experimenting. Cumulative recorder Any changes and shifts in behavioral patterns should be measured and analyzed. With the help of a cumulative recorder, it is possible to trace fluctuations in mood and behavior. Experiment Because the project under analysis involves manipulations of dependent and independent variables, the analysis of the specific peculiarities of the experiment is vital for completing the project successfully. Independent variable Independent variables are elements of the experiment that can be manipulated. Their function is confined to affecting dependent variables. In the given analysis, the independent variables will be a system of re