ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
If talking about an original and a perspective product, which combines functionality and environmental concern, then most likely the discussion is about 321 Water. 321 Water can be described as a bottle with a built-in filter, which development was rationalized with a simple fact: it takes at least 3 liters of water to make just one liter of bottled water (Haddock). For the creator of the product, Gretha Oost, the idea of saving the world’s most precious resource – water, came six years ago, and since then this idea moved from merely a dedication to the stage of a complete product awaiting investments for mass production. In that regard, this paper analyzes the case of 321 Water, in terms of innovation, production challenges, and future strategic initiatives. Describing the product, in terms of innovation category, it can be stated that it represents more of a continuous innovation, rather than disruptive. The continuous innovation depends on established patterns of behavior and perceptions, rather than changing the existing patterns of behavior (Trott 55). 321 Water is an improvement to the existent idea of bottled water and the filtration system, where the core of the development lied in combining both. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the regular consumer of 321 Water is the regular consumer of bottled water. It can be argued that as that the product can be considered as a disruptive innovation because of its slogan of changing our rehydration habits (Tarrant 92), it nevertheless, largely remains bottled water. The most suitable protection for the intellectual property involved in 321 Water can be seen through a combination of two methods, which are trademarks and patents. In the first case, the protection will be extended toward the elements of the product so as to prevent confusion with other products. In that regard, the identifiers of the product can be seen in the name of the brand, i.e. 321 Water, the domain name through which the brand will be sole, i.e. www.321-water.com, and other elements such as the distinctive logo of the company. The second method is not as much related to internet as it is related to the distinctive process created by the company, i.e. the combination of the filtering system and the bottle. Filing for a patent will prevent other companies to copy this method, although under different brand, and selling it. Through the usage of patents, the company will be granted a temporary monopoly on the created product (Trott). The success of the product and at the same time its simplicity can be seen as an easy target for counterfeit products, either through the usage of similar brand or similar technology, where the usage of patents and tradema
Late in July 1965, Martin Luther King Jr. came to Chicago. Congress was on the verge of the Voting Rights Act release, which was a real triumph over the racial discrimination and segregation legalized by the Jim Crow laws. The achievements of the two decades after World War II were significant, and King recognized it due to his gift of the historical and global perspective. Black Americans succeeded to overcome inveterate oppression, but there were still many challenges lying ahead. In January 1966, Chicago experienced a nonviolent campaign spearheaded by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and King alongside the Coordinating Council of Community Organizations (CCCO) (Portwood, 2019). The campaign targeted to improve the situation in the black neighborhoods and make stress the discrimination practices of realtors and housing officials of the city. This resulted in a much broader CFM – Chicago Freedom Movement. The CCCO and the SCLC conducted a series of demonstrations through the white neighborhoods. Quite expected, the marches were primarily met with violent resistance. Such kind of white Chicagoans reaction was the most vivid reflection of institutional bias and racial discrimination. The marches caused dismaying controversy and disruption, making the city mayor negotiate with CFM leaders and Martin Luther King. Hence, in August 1966, the Summit Agreement was reached, ending the CFM campaign. Contemporary critics evaluated the campaign as a defeat and failure of the CFM, The SCLC, and King, as reached reforms, eradicating discriminatory housing practices, were limited. Nevertheless, the campaign’s long-term impact was profound and resulted in real changes both in Chicago and beyond it. Martin Luther King forever stays a symbol of the struggle against racism and discrimination. Activists of the Black Lives Matter movement believe that Pastor King’s dreams have not come true to the end. But Martin Luther King fought not only for equality but also against violence in its all manifestations. He did everything possible to make this country and the world better and changed America forever.
Introduction The relationship between the state and the citizens has been subject to various interpretations. At the same time the role and power of the state over its subject has received wide coverage. The core question under such a circumstance is whether people reserve the right to control the affairs of the state or not. Should the citizens subject themselves to the rule of the state at all times or not? This and many other questions have attracted a number of theories and ideas on how the state should function in relation to the welfare of its citizens, as a result many theories and thoughts have been advanced that tempt to propose the manner in whish the citizens of a state should play a role on the affairs of the state. Civil Disobedience is one very significant contribution to the works concerning the relationship between the sate and citizens. Written by Henry David Thoreau, the essay advocates for remedial action on the part of the citizens when the sate fails to satisfy their needs. Civil Disobedience Civil disobedience refers to the resistance of the people to the sate. This happens when the sate fails to fulfill the needs and serve the purpose for the citizens. Under civil disobedience, the citizens reserve the rights to defy the authority of the state when in their opinion the stat is taking them n the wrong direction. Under normal circumstance the relationship between the state and the citizens is skewed in favor of the state. This means that the state reserves the right to impose its will on the people. However, to avoid tyranny and injustice, civil disobedience advocates for strict action by the citizens upon the state when the state becomes a perpetrators of injustice. The concept of civil disobedience was proposed by Henry David Thoreau. One of the key motivators for the proposition of this concept was the events of politics and conflict in the united sates and Mexico. Thoreau observed that the United States government became an engine of oppression and injustice. One major observation made by Thoreau that also led to the proposition of civil disobedience was the slavery. According to him by entrenching slavery into the law the government had ceased being a guarantee of civil liberties and freedoms (Thoreau, p. 23). As a result the people were no longer safe with the government since it had turned against them.The remedy to such situation according to the civil disobedience concept is for the people to rebel against the government. As much as the government is a people institution, Thoreau advocated for the breaking of the sate law when the law ceased to guarantee the freedoms of the citizens. Thoreau knew very well the consequences of the disobedience. He had been subject to imprisonment at one point during his lifetime when he refused to pay tax. However, he strongly believed that disobedience to the sate was the best tool for the citizens to free themselves from the tyranny of the sate. Even if the actions led to imprisonmen
Potential Needs of the Families of the Miners When Receiving the Message While informing about certain event, accident, or object, it is imperative to learn the target audience to whom a speaker addresses. Specifically, profiling the audience and analyzing the steps of message reporting are essential for shaping the final report. In particular, attention should be paid to the appropriate language, use of specialized terms, style of report, and topic covered. At this point, considering the families of the trapped miners, it is important to focus on the language of representation and the topics covered. There is no need to represent information about some technical characteristics of the mine, but about the state of the miners, the depth of their location, and the time needed to rescue the victims of the collapse. Importantly, the exact number of the miners should also be named, as well as the measures taken to rescue the trapped people. Finally, there should be encouraging words that would reassure the families that everything possible has been done to save the miners. Looking at the message from this perspective, Weik (2010) managed to define the main structure and elements of successful message. Hence, because the information was presented the next day after the catastrophe, there was no mentioning about the potential threats about the plans of the rescue groups. The channels of transmitting information should be face-to-face, or private to make sure that each member of family was informed and reassured that all evaluation plans are developed. Potential Needs of the Company’s Employees When Receiving the Message Delivering message to the company’s employee as the target audience, the message should provides sufficient information about the main causes of the collapse, as well as the chances for survival. They should also be aware of the potential threats for the miners. The current state of the mine should also be assessed to the employees to be aware of the technical risks of underground working. At this time, it is necessary to represent information about previous accidents taken place at this mine to define the probability of the future cave-ins. Such information has been presented by Yang (2010). The report, therefore, reveals facts about previous disasters and compares with the outcomes of this particular accident. This statistics is important for employees to assess the actual threats and define the preventive measure that could be taken in future. Action to be Taken before and after the Message is Delivered to Ensure That It Was Received as Intended Before delivering the message, the communicator must make sure that the audience is ready to accept the information. In this respect, the chosen communicational channels should be appropriate enough to send the mes
Introduction In Relationship Marketing, Trust is one of the Antecedents that Will Lead to Customer Loyalty. In the 21 st century it became clear to many titans of business, their managers as well as their consultants that the old way of doing things are already obsolete. In a highly networked society that knows how to use the Internet and various types of mobile telecommunication devices, people are interconnected in a scope never before seen in history. This has tremendous implications on businesses particularly when it comes to competitors. Thus, a new model of marketing emerged – relationship marketing – that puts a premium on loyalty. In this regard it was discovered that one of the most important antecedents in ensuring consumer loyalty is trust. Rationale Some of the buzzwords that are being reiterated in business circles as well as business schools are words and phrases like globalization, outsourcing, and reverse engineering. With regards to the first one, globalization requires no further explanation. It is simply the reality that the Internet and highly sophisticated transport systems allowed men and women all over the world to communicate and do business in a scale never before seen or heard in the history of mankind. Outsourcing is also an oft-repeated term in the corporate world. It is the practice of hiring people abroad to do some of the work previously done by local employees. The cheaper cost of living in Third World Countries enables workers there to compete with laborers in richer countries who will demand a more expensive compensation package. This blurring of the line that used to separate Third World and First Word countries enable manufacturers and other business entities to produce goods and offer services that are less expensive than before. This allows for expansion and the flooding of the market with cheap yet quality goods. Reverse engineering on the other hand adds another aspect to globalization and outsourcing because not only is it possible to establish a more cost-efficient operation it is also now possible for new players to compete in industries used to be controlled by European and American conglomerates. This is evident when one examines the history of auto manufacturing. This industry was the domain of European car manufacturers. Then it shifted to America in the early part of the 20 th century. But all of a sudden Japan was able to take a huge chunk of the pie and in the past few
The investment objective of this portfolio is to selectively invest in well established companies that show signs of growth within the next few years. Not only that, this investment portfolio will also invest in companies that have experienced slumps as of late due to their current market environment but do show significant potential in growing out of their current unfortunate circumstances. Name of Company  Symbol  Amount of Shares  Price   Amount Invested Convergys        CVG     652               $13.80  $9,000           Rationale behind Investment Investing $9,000 into the Convergys (CVG) stock is based on three factors:  1. A relatively stable stock price that has not experienced significant dips within the past 3 years and has only dipped once to a quarter of its share price as a direct result of the 2008 financial crisis.  2. The company’s revenue stream is significantly bolstered by its call center facilities located in India and the Philippines  3. Lastly, various U.S. and European based corporation have increasingly sought to outsource various aspects of their operations to third-party operators (like Convergys) in order to reduce the cost of doing business. It is a combination of these factors that has resulted in the company’s stock price hovering just between $10 to $15 dollars and remained at this constant interval for the past 3 years. Other factors have also contributed to this investment, such as the company establishing 18 business processing and call centers within the Philippines, which is now considered the best location in the world for voice-based business processing services. With the current European debt crisis threatening to create further turmoil within global markets, it is expected that more companies will turn towards outsourcing as a solution to remaining operational. Such a case was seen in the aftermath of the 2008 global economic crisis wherein U.S. based telecommunication firms such as AT&T, Sprint and Comcast outsourced their voice based services to Convergys. Thus, with a well established call center infrastructure in one of the best locations in the world to have a call center this places Convergys in a potentially lucrative position given the potential for additional client as the global economic market continues to be uncertain and tumultuous. Name of Company  Symbol  Amount of Shares  Price  Amount Invested Foxconn          HNHPF   3,910             $5.37  $21,000          Rationale behind Investment Hon Hai Precision Industry Co. (HNHPF) or more commonly known as Foxconn is the world’s largest manufacturer of electronic components. They are famously known for making the iPad and iPhone for Apple inc as well as the Playstation 3 for Sony and the Xbox 360 for Microsoft. While it may be true that the manufacturing industry within China has experienced considerable setbacks within the past f
The US boasts the best financed and most equipped armed forces in the world. Given its position and the threats it faces in the 21 st century, its military approach is understandable. In the backdrop of this however, there has been some controversy on Tri-care benefits and perks extended to active members of the armed forces, veterans and their immediate families. Besides active military personnel, TRI-CARE extends health benefits to military retirees, and their dependants and in some cases, some members of the reserve component. TRI-CARE has a number of options under it but the most important regarding Tri-care extension for life is TRI-CARE For Life. This discussion will stump for the continued provision of TRI-CARE benefits to the military retirees. In light of the sacrifice members of the armed forces give to their country and the social, psychological and health challenges that retirees face during and after service, it is important to provide continued TRI-CARE coverage for military retirees and their immediate families (Bernstein, 2004, p. 142). While Tri-care is no under real threat of abolition, it is common knowledge that it does not cater comprehensively for the needs of retirees and their families. With looming budget cuts in defense, there is a real possibility that medical benefits schemes including Tri-care include some of the causalities that will face cuts. There have been suggestions that the entire TRI-CARE system needs an overhaul to improve service delivery especially to military retirees. While there is consensus on the above issue, there is no unified voice on the specific elements of the TRI-CARE system that need reformation. There have been suggestions especially by Vietnam veterans that TRI-CARE premium increases on behalf of today’s retirees is in order. Additionally, it is important that there is reasonable yearly increases in family coverage to cater for growing needs that retirees encounter. However, there is necessity for reformation of TRI-CARE For Life to ensure achievement of continued provision of TRI-CARE coverage for military retirees for life (Devantier & Turkington, 2006, p. 67). TRI-CARE For Life came into being in May 2001 in response to growing discontent of increasing medicare costs among military retirees. It therefore necessitated the need for a benefit that will pay for these costs in lieu of TRI-CARE, for prescription payment, physician and hospital dispensed drugs as well as cost sharing and deductibles. Initially, retirees lost TRI-CARE coverage upon attaining medicare eligibility. However, TFL changed the above and now retires can access TRI-CARE benefits even if they are Medicare eligible provided they purchase Medicare Part B. TFL is just one of the programs meant to provide continued TRI-CARE coverage for military retirees and their families and to some extent a prototype for an expanded Tri-care for life program.. According to Kapferer (2009, p. 41), a number of military retirees face various difficulties in paying for their medical expenses. In a research carried out by McPherson. & Schwenka
Wet land is a situation on land where the dominant factor is water and this leads to endowment of the area with unique flora and fauna (Dennison & Berry, 1993). Several factors affect the occurrence of wet lands; topography, vegetation, hydrological cycles and type of soil are some of the factors responsible for the establishment of wetlands (Kentula & Hairston, 1992). Wet land s have statutes that guides their exploitation and activities that are intended to take place within them as far as environmental issues are concerned. Swamps, bogs and marshes constitutes what is referred to as wet land. For Disney World in Florida that wants to exploit the wet land on the pretext that is has reserved another area to make up for the wet land, it might not be transferred directly that because it has an alternative land to offer, it can be warranted the ticket to operate in the wet land. It is known that wetlands serves very important roles in the societies, ranging from ecological matters to educational, there would be an assessment of the contribution of the wetland and that of the land it wants to preserve upon warranted using the wetland. When the viability of the wetland surpasses that of the alternative land, the deal will not be given consent. In an event that the two pieces of land in question have different endangered species, they would be compared in the sense of their environmental and economic importance. This will determine the area with the endangered species not productive ecologically and economically. The other comparison would also be if the endangered species were found in other areas apart from the two areas of concern. Again, the worth of the species would be based on the criteria of the usefulness of the species. In an event, that hurricane destroys the forest, a number of factors should be considered that are in logics with the best environmental statutes. It is a common knowledge that in a forest, not all trees are of the same height and age meaning the whole forest cannot be destroyed. This is because of the succession nature of the forest that brings about a systematic transitional level of trees starting from the non-photosynthetic to angiosperms (Dennison & Berry, 1993). With regard to the stated fact, the destroyed trees should be left to decompose in the forest for the natural cycling of the nutrients and flow of energy in ecosystem. The decision should be reached because in a forest situation, there are other young plants that are growing and with the fall of the big trees, it exposes the young ones to basic photosynthetic requirement like sunlight that will enable quick growth given the fact that the decomposing trees will also provide extra nutrient for growth (Kentula & Hairston, 1992). This decision to let the fallen trees to decompose without linking them to other commercial activities is indeed entrenched in the environmental law governin