Introduction The world is endowed with several natural resources, and silicon dioxide is one of them. Silicon dioxide is available in plenty, and it can easily be found in several parts of the world. Silicon dioxide is often called silica. Because silicon dioxide is plentiful and valuable, many manufacturers use it as a prime raw material in manufacturing. Mountainous regions and sandy deserts are some of the areas where silicon dioxide is mostly found. Silicates form approximately sixty percent of the terrestrial crust. “The oxide of silicon includes sand, quartz, rock crystal, amethyst, agate, flint and opal” (Devine 34). In 1907, Potter examined how silica and carbon reacted. His discovery marked the onset of commercial use of silicon. “Silica is a group IV metal oxide, which has good abrasion resistance, electrical insulation and a high thermal stability” (Devine 35). Apart from hydrogen fluoride, silicon cannot dissolve in any other acid. Silicon Dioxide When silicon comes into contact with oxygen, silicon dioxide forms. “Higher temperatures and alternative environments are used to grow well-controlled layers of silicon dioxide on silicon, for example, at temperatures between 600 and 1200 °C, using dry or wet oxidation with O 2 or H 2 O, respectively” (Devine 36). SiO 2 symbol represents silicon dioxide. Strong covalent bonds are the ones that make silicon dioxide. The physical structure of silicon dioxide is properly defined. Quartz crystalline is a good example of silica. “Apart from this, there are other distinct categories of silicon dioxide” (Devine 134). For instance, we have polymorphs and amorphous varieties of silicon. The distinctive attributes of silicon dioxide come about due to the oxygen ‘link’ bonds that are positioned between silicon atoms. “Four oxygen atoms, that are electronegative, are arrayed at the corners of a tetrahedron around a central silicon atom” (Devine 89). Some bonds are long while others are quite short. These bonds do not possess specific lengths. They vary considerably in size between the distinct crystal structures. “Fibrous silica has a structure similar to that of SiS 2 with chains of edge-sharing SiO 4 tetrahedron” (Jutzi 107). A-quartz is the only known stable kind of silicon that exists under natural conditions. Silicon dioxide is mostly physically found in this state. Natural quartz can have some colors due to the natural impurities that may be on it. When silica is dissolved, it can show unique physical attributes which resemble those examined in water. Silicon production Fused Quartz Silicon is produced in numerous forms which include the following. Fused quartz is produced using natural quartz crystals. These crystals are melted by subjecting them to a high heat of approximately 2000 °C. The melting processes occur in electrically fused furnace. Fused quartz appears in transparent form. It has both optical and thermal qualities. Hence, it serves as a semi conductor.” Scientists also use fused quartz in laboratories” (Zhang 276). Fused quartz possesses excellent ultraviolet, which enables it to give a better transmission that other types of glasses cannot offer. Optical lenses are also made using fused quartz. In addition to these functions, precision mirror substrates are made using