ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This essay disagrees with the position that Euthanasia is the best option to terminate patients’ lives. The basis for this position is found in the three articles that take the view, in different degrees that prolonging patient’s lives are much better than assisting in their suicide. We lay out the argument within the scope of emotional, legal, and ethical issues. Body of the paper Much has been written about Oregon’s Death with Dignity act that makes assisted suicide legal. Now the advocates for the same have been proposing to introduce the act in other states as well and in particular, Washington. However, there is a strong case for helping terminally ill patients spend the remainder of their lives with care provided by the medical fraternity and with support from the state and insurance companies. As Rheba De Tornany says in her column, spending time with loved ones even if they do not have much time to live is an emotionally satisfying experience. And care for these patients is made possible by hospice nursing and advanced technologies that are available commonly, ironically, due to the efforts of the assisted suicide activists. Watching a loved one in pain is difficult and heart-wrenching. But, what is more, enriching is seeing them end their life peacefully with dignity is something that would be closer to the heart. The other reason why assisted suicide or Euthanasia is a dangerous proposition is that strict regulation is needed to ensure that the laws on assisted suicide are not misused. According to Joel Connelly, there are many documented cases of elderly patients who have been pressurized to die. This may be due to a desire for financial gain from the relatives or more commonly, to avoid paying huge costs for treatment. There are issues with both the former as well as the latter. In the case of patients and their families unable to bear the cost of treatment, there can be provisions by the state to support terminally ill patients. The compelling ethical argument against Euthanasia is that physicians’ reports on whether a patient can be allowed to die to fall outside of the purview of the medical norms and such a decision is fraught with errors of poor judgment and the like. Conclusion The current debate on the issue is drawing deep divisions on both sides with religious fundamentalists on one hand and liberals on the other hand. Thus, the question of choosing, either way, has become contentious. However, what this paper recommends is that options other than ending terminally ill patient’s lives should be explored. And in this, the state has a prominent role to play.
Introduction Pancreatic pseudoaneurysms are uncommon complications of acute or chronic pancreatitis (7). They form from pseudocyst that erodes the adjacent arteries. Pseudoaneurysm formation is the commonest of these vascular accidents in the middle age population with the male to female ratio of 4.5:1. Pseudoaneurysms affect the arterial wall, the medial and intimal layers, and their prevalence is higher than that of true aneurysms (8). Since pancreatic pseudoaneurysms associated with bleeding, the splenic artery is very vulnerable to bleeding when compared to the gastroduodenal arteries. The splenic artery runs along the bed of the pancreas and extends to the spleen, and thus, it is vulnerable to bleeding due to its close proximity to the pancreas (8). The gastroduodenal artery has a bleeding incidence rate of between 10 to 15% compared to the pancreaticoduodenal artery’s 10% (8). Overall, the small intrapancreatic, and left gastric arteries have the lowest incidence of bleeding. The pathogenesis of gastroduodenal artery aneurysm is unclear, but it usually occurs due to blunt trauma or secondary to pancreatitis (4). Given that pseudoaneurysm is deadly when it ruptures, early diagnosis and management is necessary (10). Thus, this case report aims to alert sonographers and ultimately improve the diagnosis and management of pancreatic pseudoaneurysm. Case Study A 72-year-old female with a history of alcohol abuse, a right frontal metastatic deposit in the brain, and adenocarcinoma of the lungs presented herself to Nepean hospital with recent acute epigastric pain, vomiting, and weakness. A physical assessment revealed that the patient had jaundice, high blood pressure (100/60mmHg) and HR of 110 per min. The pathology results indicated that she had high levels of amylase and lipase, which suggested acute pancreatitis, while hemoglobin level was 83g/L, (normal range 130–170g/L). An Abdominal ultrasound was requested to determine the presence of gallstones and was performed in the medical imaging department, Nepean Hospital. A Phillips IU22 ultrasound machine with a curved array 5MHz transducer was used for B-mode imaging. The patient was positioned supine for imaging of the abdomen. A transverse scanning of her pancreas depicted a dilatation of a hypoechoic area (3 cm x 2.2 cm x 2.8 cm) with a solid rim containing cystic central portion was observed anterior to the head of the pancreas in conjunction with marginally dilated pancreatic duct measuring 3.8mm. In addition, Doppler sonography revealed that a typical swirl flow (Yin- Yang sign) within the central portion was consistent with the pseudoaneurysms with a trace of gastroduodenal artery (1). Figure 1
Introduction Media violence is considered one of the most controversial topics in modern society. Movies, computer games, the Internet, and other sources, are stated to have brought virtual harassment to the next level (Gentile, 2014). With new technologies such as VR simulators being introduced to the market, violent entertainment is becoming more elaborate and realistic. Personal computers, TV sets, and smartphones are becoming more available to the population. Individuals face interactive violence every time they turn to modern electronic devices. These devices serve as outlets of exposure to media violence, offering a plethora of games ranging from military simulators like Battlefield and Call of Duty to horror games inspired by Stephen King and Lovecraft. Each game offers its unique modicum of violence. Media violence has become a widely-accepted norm in our society. While certain groups of concerned parents, teachers, and psychologists show worry over this tendency, it is downplayed as an “attack on the gaming industry” and “unnecessary moralism.” At the same time, these concerned groups represent the stratum that has the most power in influencing the spreading of media violence and mitigating its effects. Stanhope and Lancaster (2014) claim that parents, teachers, and psychologists have an important role to play when the issue of media violence is taken into consideration. Adults are believed to be more resilient towards the alleged effects that media violence has on the psyche, but children, adolescents, and teenagers have to rely on parental guidance and advice to avoid any lasting impressions on their mental and behavioral patterns. The government also plays an important role in mitigating the negative effects of media violence. For decades, it has focused on developing measures and regulations to address the issue. According to Grossman & Degaetano (2014), these measures include ratings and bans, unspoken rules, and official statements, as well as government initiatives to reduce the amount of violence shown on the screens. Although filming and gaming industries are run by private corporations, the government can influence them by promoting laws and regulations, which these companies are expected to follow. They are not alone in this effort, however. Individuals and non-government organizations have embarked on developing measures, which would counter the negative aspects of media violence, but these have become rigid in modern society. The government can ensure that that rules and regulations are developed and followed, to address the issue of media violence. However, their initiatives have to be assisted and supported by both non-governmental and governmental agencies. Thus, the government and society must addr
The way Michael A. Todman is exercising leadership It is possible to note that Mike Todman is an effective leader who has helped Whirlpool to overcome serious issues during the period of financial constraints. As an effective leader, Todman is an efficient manager as without appropriate management companies “face the threat of extinction” (DuBrin, 2013, p. 6). Mike Todman managed communication (internal as well as external), completed revamping product lines, and launched global strategic initiatives. Leaders often exercise leadership in different ways and on different levels. It is noteworthy that effective leadership is often associated with such features as “visionary, creative, inspirational, energizing and transformational” (Thorpe & Gold, 2012, p. 3). Todman exercises leadership on different levels (organizational and interpersonal). This leader has enough skills to develop strategic plans that are beneficial for the development of the company. He has the necessary vision to predict the most efficient way to respond to the changing environment. He also has enough authority to implement the change and make employees contribute. Todman is a transformational leader who inspires employees to think broader and envisions new perspectives. Importantly, Todman is an effective international leader who can lead people in the USA as well as in other parts of the world. He claims that he has to work in several time zones as he communicates closely with team members and customers in other countries. McFarlin and Sweeney (2014, p. 365) stress that efficient leaders should “understand how cultures can shape” employees’ motivation and “response to leadership.” Todman has the necessary understanding that translates into the effective operation of the company and the effective performance of team members. The leadership roles Todman emphasizes as president of Whirlpool, International One of the roles performed by Todman is coach and motivator. For instance, he always makes sure that managers meet weekly and monthly and discuss major issues. Todman stresses that it is essential to “tell people exactly what is going on” and push “employees to think more broadly” (DuBrin, 2013, p. 30). Thus, he inspires employees to go the extra mile and come up with effective solutions. Ladkin and Spiller (2013, p. 5) note that this role is one of the most important and all effective leaders played it. Leaders should be able to coach, mentor, inspire and guide team members. Todman also performs the role of an entrepreneur, and he is aware of “changing needs and requirements” (DuBrin, 2013, p. 30).
Introduction Slavery had many negative effects on the enslaved people as discussed by Douglass in the book, “ Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass” and McPherson in the book, “ What they fought for 1861-1865” . Reflecting on the life of Douglass Frederick and written in prose form, the narrative defines the thoughts of the author on various aspects of slavery from the social, economic, security, and the need for appreciation of human rights perspectives. On the other hand, the book, “ What they fought for 1861-1865” is vital in understanding history of America and how wars change the social and political systems. Thus, this analytical treatise attempts to explicitly compare and contrast the views of Douglass and McPherson on effects of slavery on enslaved people and slave owners. Effects of slavery on enslaved people Across the first six chapters, Douglass explores several instances when slavery created an unequal social and economic environment between the slaves and those who enslaved them. To begin with, unlike the white children, Douglass and other blacks were not allowed to know their date of birth. The children of the slaves were separated from their mothers by the slave owners at a tender age. The female slaves were subjected to sexual abuse by their owners and the children, out of these sexual exploits, were forced by the law to become slaves (Douglass, 13). The slaves were subjected to vicious attacks by their mean masters. For instance, Aunt Hester was violently whipped by the Captain in what Douglass described as a hellish encounter. Besides, Mr. Gore, who is a ranch foreman, promptly shot a slave called Demby for refusing to vacate the creek after enduring physical attack by the mean and proud supervisor (Douglass, 31). The slaves were never given beds and had to survive on bare minimal allowances consisting of a single piece of linen, pork and hardly enough corn. The freedom of speech and expression were not part of the master-slaver relationship. For instance, Colonel Lloyd was very mad at the honesty of one of the slaves that he had to sell him for speaking the truth. Same as Douglass’ views on the effects of slavery on enslaved people, McPherson’s book defines the American conflict as greatly contributed by the inhuman treatment of slaves. He states that the “confederates fought for independence, for their property and way of life, for their survival as a nation” (McPherson, 27). McPherson captures the memoirs of the soldiers and their resentments on brutality, sexual harassment, and denial of freedom of expression as the underlying factors which inspired them to go into the battle field. McPherson underlines the ideological commitment and patriotism of the soldiers as a result of deep convictions to seek independence, freedom, and basic human rights for the slaves. Reflectively, “a large number of those men in blue and gray were intensely aware of the issues at stake and passionately concerned about them” (McPherson, 4). The author represents human interaction and belonging to a partic
Abstract The use of composite made materials is gaining popularity among various sectors of economy and especially in the aviation industry where modern fleets are being manufactured. Their world wide use has made people gain confidence in them because previously they were being considered as not being air worthy. This paper highlights some of the peoples’ opinion on this matter from both schools of thought; that is those who oppose it and those in its favor. This paper has zeroed in on the entire aviation industry in the world without paying any particular attention to a specific airline. The paper has also looked at some of the areas/ issues that need to be addressed by the concerned parties to improve and sustain this industry. Introduction Since the Wright brothers discovered that flying objects could be manufactured in the early 20 th century, numerous invention have followed that have made air transport more convenient and safe to use. This mode of transport has not only revolutionized the movement of goods and people but it has also reduced the distance between places literally. That is, one can easily move from London and within a period of about ten hours he or she will be in New York and vice versa. In an attempt to control and regulate the air transport sector, there are a number of organizations that have been formed by the airline companies. For instance, there is the IATA –International Air Transport Association which has been credited for formulating rules and regulations that have continued to govern the aviation industry. Methodology The information presented in this paper was gathered from secondary sources and there is no formal research that was carried out. However, although it has been observed that these sources do not provide firsthand experience on the matter, it has been regarded as
Introduction This story is written in the first person’s perspective and from a woman’s point of view. This woman is Gretel. Gretel is trying to un-stereotype the men rangers or cowboys, who are not treated well by the society. Gretel’s experience with the cowboys at Wyoming inspired her to share with her readers on the other side of men that the society does not know. Gretel want to covey the cowboy as more useful than just being rough and tough. She does this through vivid details and imageries that describe the cowboy. She highlights that the cowboy has another gentle and nurturing side. This way, although she is a woman, she shares about men rangers and their experiences in the society. Body The essay is carefully organized and developed. She starts by introducing herself and where she comes from and thus informing the reader that she has experience of whatever she is about to discuss. Later, she introduces her theme on cowboys and start describing them. The theme is developed throughout the essay by a discussion of Gretel’s attempt to un-stereotype the cowboys. She says that even though cowboys have their few weaknesses, their strengths overweigh their weaknesses. Gretel’s audience is composed of readers of her work and especially those who hold negative attitudes towards cowboys. When most people hear about cowboys, they think of arrogant, rough and tough people. Gretel describes the other side of cowboy as being hardworking, nurturing, and compassionate. She says they are forced to act tough by the hard manual work they do. However, in real sense, they are motherly, caring and nurturing, and that is why they can take good care of the animals. Gretel has used a woman’s perspective in this essay to convey her emotions about the cowboy. She has used a sympathetic and convincing tone to describe the cowboy and show the audience how the cowboy is somebody to be admired. This is different from the perspectives most people hold of cowboys as rough, tough, drunkards and people who cannot cope well in the societal. The essay has also used emotive language to convey the sincere blame we put on cowboys and yet they do not deserve it. The essay has also used some words like conquest and pilgrimage to create imagery. These words are full of meaning because pilgrimage means great trek while conquest is used to mean victory. Gretel creates visual scenes in
The Business of Camden Shipping Based in Port Elizabeth, New Jersey, near where the Maurice River enters Delaware Bay, Camden Shipping is a long-established marine transport company that has remained singularly focused on waterborne cargoes and, eventually, petroleum products. The Camden Fleet Beginning 1993, Camden acquired or constructed a total of 14 articulated tug barges (ATB’s). In addition, the company operates four product tankers. All 18 vessels are dedicated to freight operations for refined petroleum products and non-hazardous chemicals. The product tankers are all Jones Act vessels of the Carlsbad class, with capacities limited to the range 240,000 to 300,000 barrels. The specifications for this vessel class are: Length overall (LOA) = 658.5′ x Beam = 100′ x Depth or Draft = 49.5′ x Displacement = 33.3′. A diesel power plant rated at 13,000 shaft horsepower attains normal cruising speed of 15.5 knots (NASSCO/General Dynamics Corporation, 2010). Articulated Tug Barges The ATB is essentially an ordinary barge propelled by a high-powered tug that provides forward power from the stern via an articulated or hinged link embedded in a notch on the barge (Crowley Maritime Corp., 2003a). At Camden, all ATB’s are equipped with the Intercon Coupler System, a “rigid and mechanically locked…coupling… accomplished with two independently mounted ram assemblies (and) gear driven… The rams stroke transversely, engaging the vertical ladder structures incorporated into both walls of the stern notch.” (Intercontinental Engineering – Manufacturing Corporation, n.d., para 2). As a result, the two vessels can pitch independently (to allow for wave motion) but manoeuvring is rather more slowly done. Compared to the traditional towed-barge arrangement, the ITB set-up boasts tangible operating efficiency and safety because both vessels nearly always move at the same speed whereas a towed barge continues in motion even when the tug is already at full-stop. Secondly, a new barge (and therefore, new capacity for the freight company) can be constructed more quickly and without the capital cost of a power plant, bridge and crew quarters for Carlsbad-class tankers (Crowley Maritime Corp., 2003b). Thirdly, the shipper has logistical efficiency for mating tugs to barges wherever market demand is greater. The Petroleum and
Background The new commercial joint that recently concluded between Lufthansa Grouped and the Singapore Airlines at the end of November 2015 seems to bear more fruits than expected. The partnership agreement of deciding to operate between Europe and Singapore in the JV basis continues to expand the codeshare bond; deepening the commercial cooperation. However, there are some differences between these two airlines. According to the vision, Singapore Airlines have expressed their responsibility not only to remain excellent but also stay exemplarily among the competitors in the world, through enhancing the lives of people served (Lufthansa Cargo AG, 2016). With all this in mind, the airline has made several commitments to the art, communities, education as well as health sector in the countries where they fly. The mission of this airline firm is to become a global organization and offer air transportation services of high quality, hence maximize the return of benefits as well as employees and shareholders. The central hub for this organization is Singapore Airlines Airport, and has its headquarters at Airline House, 25 Airline Road, Singapore 819829 as well as Singapore. Singapore Airlines is a very busy company and lies in 63 destinations around the world specifically in 3 countries from its key hub. One of the regions where this company enjoys its strongest presence is the Southern Asia. The parent company for Singapore Airlines is Temasek Holdings and has annual revenue of s$16 billion (Singapore Airlines, 2015). Its operating income is s$450 million for the same financial year. The net income for the airline is S$340 million and a total employee team of 25,000 members. On the other hand, Lufthansa Group is a well-known global aviation team and has a total of 550 subsidiaries as well as equity investments. The major service in this airline group is the transportation of passengers. Its main hubs include the Munich Airports as well as Frankfurt Airport, with 220 destinations from its main hub (Deutsche Lufthansa, 2015). The headquarters for this organization is Cologne in Germany. It has a revenue of E35 billion and an operating income of s$2 billion for the year ended 2015. The net income for this organization is approximate s$2.5 billion with a total assets accumulation of s$39 billion. It has a la