ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Major assumptions of Mezirow’s theory For a transformation to occur, one must have plenty of information about the old worldview as well as the new one. It is quite difficult to change how one conceptualizes issues if one does not have a firm grasp on the alternatives that are prevalent out there. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of these perspectives must be present before any change takes place. Mezirow’s theory only holds when the change or transformation has been done out of one’s own free will. No one should coerce or intimidate a person into changing his worldview. This is a personal journey that needs to be taken by specific individuals, and must be free from any external interference. Sometimes the coercion may not just come from a specific individual; it may emanate from an entire institution or one’s culture. These social realities should not be permitted to affect the way learners determine their realities. If a transformative learning process involves more than one individual, then all the concerned people need to have the freedom to assume various roles. No stance or role should be fixed, and a person ought to have an equal opportunity to question certain ideas or rationales. It is likely that more than one person will be involved in the transformative process. Consequently, there should be an atmosphere of care and trust between the participants. A great degree of sensitivity should be cultivated among the people concerned. In this theory, it has also been assumed that the person undergoing the transformation has the capacity to reflect upon his or her assumptions. Since this kind of learning involves the assessment and reception of certain components of the unconscious, then one must be in a position to appreciate and consciously direct those processes that were assumed or held unconsciously. The learner needs to be aware of the importance of the spirit, the mind and the body in learning. Another assumption is the ability to listen and empathize with others. Critical reflection of one’s worldview cannot take place when one already has a firm conviction about the other alternative. An open mind is absolutely essential in this theory. Being judgmental or prejudicial will only hamper the transformative process. Therefore, the character of acceptance cannot be undermined in this theory. Furthermore, good listeners are able to gather more knowledge that may contribute towards adoption of newer and better perspectives. This theory assumes that one must be aware of, and be willing to seek different viewpoints. For one to use Mezirow’s theory effectively, one must be willing to establish common ground. This might necessitates a paradigm shift from today’s competitive world. Participants must not engage in transformation with the purpose of ‘winning over other people to their side’ or vice versa. One must possess a certain level of maturity in order to apply this theory. Dealing with mental reconditioning of one’s pre
Group decision-making focuses much on settling on well-considered and well understood tenable actions towards goals that every member of the group intends to achieve. In group decision-making processes, members of the group have to accept that out of the several courses of action, one has to be the most desirable in order for the group to achieve its objectives. Decision-making is just one of the many steps that are geared towards general problem solving processes within goal directed groups. It is imperative that problems and issues are defined and thereafter alternative courses of actions brought into perspective. The advantages and disadvantages of each alternative has to be looked into so that the groups gets into a better position of evaluating and being in a position to know the most desirable course of action to take. Effective group decision-making has five aspects, all of which have subcomponents that affect the decision-making process. Subcomponents within the five major categories of decision-making and how they impact on effective decision making Decision environment This is a component of group decision making that has two major subcomponents, that is information and alternatives. These two subcomponents are a requisite in an effective decision making process since members of the group have to be informed about the undertakings. Therefore, they can have their input into such issues when need be (Good, 2010). Once a decision has been arrived at, everybody who subscribes to the group must be ready for both the negative and positive effects of that decision. It is imperative that every member actively participates in the decision making process so that nobody cries foul and largely so that the personal and organizational goals are subsequently met. When a group undertakes to gather information, they have to collect the necessary data and facts about the decision that they want to settle on. It is pertinent that the probability of each alternative is properly analyzed. In my group, the fact that we undertook a detailed information gathering process boosted our decision making process. However, the fact that we had many options to address the problem impacted negatively on the quality of the decision we arrived at. It is very important that when groups are collecting information on decision making they make use of verified data. The fact that the data has been successfully used in other organizations implies that the probability of its success for a group is at least 50 percent. A group has to look at the likely risks that are to be incurred incase certain decisions are taken. This is very important as it makes a group to institute a risk management plan to counter the inherent risks that are associated with the decisions that are made or arrived at. In group decision making, alternatives entail
The fourth industrial revolution will potentially lead to significant changes in the approaches to leading and managing the workforce, as well as to organizing working processes and activities. In this context, it is important to be aware of the personal readiness for the potential changes in the business world that are associated with the fourth industrial revolution. In this paper, the reflections on the concept of future-ready leadership and personal preparedness for related challenges and opportunities will be presented and discussed in detail. After conducting the assessment measuring the readiness for the future, it is important to analyze the received score in 95 points. The personal readiness, as a leader, for particular promises and pitfalls of the fourth industrial revolution can be evaluated as average. There are certain barriers to accepting the realities of the changing world, but in order to address and remove these obstacles, it is necessary to act as a leader. Still, at the current stage, the readiness for the fourth industrial revolution can be described as average, and it means that much attention should be paid to changing the vision of working processes and understanding the role of an individual in activities. The promises associated with the changes mean that a new business and organizational reality will become unique in terms of accentuating the collaboration of human resources and technologies, flexibility, adaptability, and human-centered approaches, and it is possible to be ready and open to them (Groscurth 7-9). However, the readiness for pitfalls cannot be discussed as satisfactory because of the lack of experience in managing possible challenges in this area. The preparedness of the team can also be viewed as medium because the active integration of technologies, the reference to required flexibility, and the focus on collaboration are not at the highest possible level currently. The adaptation of teams to the digital era will depend on the adaptation of each unique member of a team in order to be able to realize the principles of network-centric business models and promote further effective collaboration (Groscurth 113-116). Thus, it is possible to assume that more education and training are needed in order to help people acquire specific skills that are necessary to succeed during the fourth industrial revolution. More work is expected to be done in order to make the cooperation in a team rather ethical, supportive, and agile to address modern tendencies. The readiness of the organization can also be described as questionable and average in spite of the fact that
American and the French revolution caused a lot of chaos in both countries. Both the revolutions were for a cause, the American Revolution took place because the Americans wanted to free themselves from the enslavement of the British and similarly the French revolution took place because the rich were dominating France at the expense of the poor people in the country. Both these Revolutions had a common aim and that was to bring justice and peace in America and France respectively. This paper will throw light upon the American and the French Revolution. A comprehensive analysis of the causes and consequences of the two revolutions will be presented in this paper. The consequences of both these Revolutions were very different because of the different value systems that the leading men in these Revolutions had. The French Revolution took shape because the government of France was very biased towards the rich people and ignored the interest of the poor people. The people who owned land in France back then had all the authority and were capable of doing anything. On the contrary, the people who had no land had no other option but to work on the farm of rich people. This monopolized the whole government and the rich started exploiting the poor. Slowly the whole scenario changed and a middle-class society developed in France, a society that would disapprove of the rule of the rich and that would rebel against the unjust policies of the French government. This signaled the beginning of the French Revolution that changed the outlook of France once and for all. “America, on the other hand, had been colonized by English settlers starting in 1620. All types of classes from England came to the United States to make a new life for themselves. But as time progressed, England seemed to forget that the colonists in America were just as much British citizens like themselves. The English began to impose heavy taxes on the colonists, and the colonists protested, calling on the injustice of “No Taxat
Supplier Relationship Management Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) is the most significant approach within the framework of strategic planning, which is concerned with all the interactions with supplier companies, which provide goods and services to an enterprise. Its primary objective is to increase the value of all the interactions to the maximum. As a result, closer relationships based on mutual trust and collaboration are established and the risk management capability is enhanced (Lamming 2005). The thee aspects of the Supplier Relationship Management SRM admits that the suppliers are different, which means that they have to be approached using different strategies. While the main emphasis is put on the role of the customer and supplier, the way companies communicate with one another is largely dependent on the products and services that are involved in the supply chain (Schuh et al. 2014). Only understanding of all the three aspects can ensure appropriate regulation. The comprehensive nature of SRM requires the commitment of the whole enterprise (Mithas, Krishnan & Fornell 2005). The organization structure of the supply chain: Components and their roles A group of Supplier Relationship Managers They are responsible for the functioning of the supply chain at the organizational level. The main objective of this team is to provide collaboration of various company units using their communicative, leadership, and business skills to ensure constant progress in building strong relationships (Lambert & Schwieterman 2012). A group of Supplier Account Managers They are engaged in interaction with suppliers. Their task is to identify the goals that the supplier has and see the whole picture from the perspective of the partner. They must find a compromise that would satisfy both the supplier and their own company (Lambert & Schwieterman 2012). An executive sponsor or a multifunctional committee Their role is to integrate the strategies used in SRM into the policy of the company so that they would not contradict the ultimate goals (Lambert & Schwieterman 2012). What Supplier Relationship Management is not As it is evident from the structure, SRM is not a software tool – it is a real-world practice aimed at receiving competitive advantages. Neither is this approach limited to the development of the sides involved in the direction of unification of the supply process. All enterprises pose different requirements and thus, have different supply chains that require the implementation of unique strategies and unprecedented solutions (Buttle 2009). Supplier relationship management is not a plan that is possible to materialize within a short period. Relationships that are based on reliance, mutual help, risk management, and continuous interactions proving to be stable, beneficial, and promising take time to establish and considerable chang
Abstract Child protection is becoming an increasingly significant topic at present. Being closed systems, families cannot be checked regarding the environment, which parents raise their children in, and how this environment affects children. As a result, a number of cases of domestic violence and child abuse pass unnoticed. To avoid the instances of family violence, the Glassboro community (Glassboro, NJ) has created the Together Youth Shelter, where runaway, homeless and/or neglected children are provided with required help on a regular basis. Since the center has been doing perfectly, its example can be used to improve the work of numerous similar centers that face issues with delivering efficient services to the community. The Time to Lend a Helping Hand Has Come: Together Youth Shelter About the Together Youth Shelter: Stability as the Top Priority Appealing to families in order to address their issues and solve the rates of child negligence in the community is an incredibly challenging task. Defining conflicts in such a closed system as family is barely possible. However, helping parents find common language with their children, as well as prevent the rates of child abuse, it still possible, as the evidence provided by Together Youth Shelter shows. Together Youth Shelter and government Though being a government-funded and government-supported organization, Together Youth Shelter restricts the effect of government on its performance to a minimum. It is imperative that local issues and dilemmas should be resolved on a local level; otherwise, the solutions to the problems will trigger even more drastic effects (Kelly & Lewis, 2009, p 192). Financial issues and their solution As it has been stressed, the organization was founded on the money taken from the budget and is, therefore, governmentally funded. The given specifics of the Together Youth Shelter, unfortunately, often define the quality of the services that children receive at the center. Because of the necessity to sustain not only the given center, but also a bunch of other welfare related organizations, not to mention other issues like state entrepreneurship, budget for education issues, assistance provided to senior citizens, etc., the money provided for Together Youth Shelter often allow for only meeting the bare necessities. Therefore, it begs the question whether the Together Youth Shelter organization should derive its money from outside donators. While the given decision
Description The work selected for this paper is On the Threshold of Eternity by Vincent van Gogh, also known under the title Old Man in Sorrow . It is an oil painting on canvas, finished by the artist in 1890. Currently, it is exhibited at Kröller-Müller Museum in the Netherland. The painting portrays a fragile old man sitting on a chair and crying in front of a burning fireplace. Analysis The artwork depicts an old man in distress, sitting in a hunched-over position. The man is hiding his face behind the hands clenched in fists. Although the emotions on his face are concealed from the view, it is evident that the man is in great distress. The color scheme also suggests emotional anguish, with the subject of the painting portrayed in blue, a color often associated with sadness and loneliness. Interpretation Old Man in Sorrow can be understood as a tribute and a eulogy to sorrow, grief, and depression in the last years of one’s life. The man expresses his deepest pain sitting alone in the room, as he has no one to share his feelings and fears with. He is alone in the world the viewers are shown in the painting and is likely to spend the res
Introduction Despite the fact that an increase in health care facilities is aimed at reducing the morbidity and mortality rate in humans, the increase has been characterized by high mortality rate due to an increase in clinical errors that results from ineffective communication among the caregivers (Cheesebro, O’Conno, & Rios, 2010). Thus, a balance that bridges the communication gap between the various disciplines in health care settings is called for. This paper will review a case study of Darnell and Janine who work for a large lab company in an appointment office. Case Study To start with, Janine portrays ignorance on part of attending to the needs of the patients. This ignorance emanates from poor interpersonal communication between Janine and Darnell, as Janine did not observe the importance of storing files in a manner that would avoid work complexities. This miscommunication has led to an increase in the time under which proper treatment should have been arrived at in the health care setting. Though Darnell was able to handle the patients awaiting care, both Darnell and Janine portray poor allocation of boundaries within their duties,as Darnell could attend to patients who were awaiting the services of Janine. This is apparent in the case study where patients would only wave at Darnell, rather than Janine, while the responsible clinical officer was Janine. And while Darnell and Janine seek a common ground on how to schedule their responsibilities, their speech is further characterized by poor interpersonal communication. Elements of Good Interpersonal Communication Verbal communication skills are used as a vehicle for adopting successful interpersonal relationship. When done effectively, a person gets into a position of acquiring new information on the topic under discussion. However, this can only be achieved through active, critical, and empathetic communication. In active communication, the participants involve both the speaker as well as the listener. Active communication can only result from speakers who engage in speaking subjects that trigger the mind of the listener (Cheesebro, O’Conno, & Rios, 2010). Developing critical communication helps the listener to not only listen to the speaker but also to make judgment on the speaker’s message through an evaluation process; hence, it is characterized by persuasive listening. In empathetic communication, the listeners portray understanding of the intended message by demonstrating emotional and intellectual intelligence, and this improves their interpersonal communication (Lum, 2005). What Happened in the Case Study Perception of the Participants In this scenario, poor interpersonal communication is evident in a number of occasions. Given that the goal of every health care organization is patient centered, Janine shows little concern for the patients’ welfa
Introduction Most commentators of post-modernism argue that there is a distinction between modern and post-modern era. From their argument, modern era started in a period that is traced to Western Europe in the 19 th century till the times around 1960s and postmodern is assumed to be thirty years after the modern era. The main difference between the two periods in history emerges from the three aspects of unity, wholeness and totality. As regarding to the modern era, individuals would want some form of totality and a unified world based on values, lifestyle and culture. In post modern era what used to drive the modern era has disappeared and there is a craving for and nostalgia about what used to happen in the modern era (Chernus, n.d., p. 1). By the definition and understanding, “placelessness, lacks distinctiveness yet manufactured distinctive places are characteristic of post-modern landscapes” (Vogeler, 2010, p. 1). This essay will make a concerted effort to show that cities in the postmodern age have been transformed into consumption units. This post-modern era has led to the transformation of flat landscapes for both shopping and entertainment activities and at the same time these places are being transformed into placelessness. The most conspicuous of the fancy places of the city are the television and movie shows which require geographical settings (Vogeler, 2010, p. 1). Life in the Post Modern Times Social and Economic Reconstructions Social and economic reconstructions in the recent times have had profound effects on post-modern cities. There is a development of a modern urban brand in the recent times which has shaped city lifestyle and landscape; post-modern cities have been made to be centers of entertainment and pleasure. The fact that various governments have been advocating for a 24 hours economy has led to a ritual drop of young adults into city centre bars, pubs and clubs. Furthermore, the changes that have been witnessed in the recent times have been instrumental in the understanding of the urban cultural transformation. That is, with the advent of post modernism, suburbanization of employment, depopulation and the domestication of labor have led to social decadence and dereliction. This picture of post-modern city has been remodeled to act as places that people live, work and get entertained. The characteristic of the post-modern cities have put emphasis on the commercialization and business orientation and in this case resulting in de-materializing the economy and the lives of the people while emphasizing on the economic task for the corporately organized groups to suit leisure, retail and consumption oriented lifestyle as opposed to a production based economy. The post-modern cities have weakened the traditional social relations and this has resulted in the variation in labor market, consumption and household dependency. The factors tha