ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Managing change is always a challenging task, and it can be even more difficult in such areas as fire service due to its adherence to traditional norms of performance. It is observed that professional customs have deep roots in the fire service operation, and they are manifested in each duty a firefighter aims to accomplish on an everyday basis (Mills, 2006). The traditional perceptions substantially influence the professional identity but, at the same time, the strict adherence to obsolete traditions, beliefs, and techniques may interfere with effective organizational transition to change, development of the ability to cope with the modern professional, ethical, and legal risks and problems, and adaptation to dynamically changing environment. Therefore, it is essential for fire service organizations to find an appropriate balance between professional traditions and the implementation of changes. Need for Continued Research Leadership can be defined as a strategic approach towards coping with current and future challenges and an essential element of organizational efficiency and leadership strategies; thus should focus on the detailed analysis of the contextual circumstances and interpretation of information about the changes emerging in the environment. The constant research of risks and trends the attainment of knowledge needed to bridge the gap between the present situation and the desired organizational goals. The political and legal environment is constantly changing; technological advances emerge and require fire service organizations to adjust to changes. Moreover, Chief Fire Officers (CFOs) need to take into account ethical aspects of professional behavior, civil liability, and safety concerns as the consideration of stakeholder interests and responses of the public to the recent legal issues involving fire service personnel may prompt the right directions for the organizational improvement. Based on this, the continuous investigation of different environmental changes, social attitudes, and perceptions supports the efficient transition to change and the adoption of new relevant policies and norms. Communication in Electronic Environment In the context of the rapid computerization of professional and social performance, management, and supervision activities can be mediated through the use of information technologies. Different web-based communication tools, such as information bulletin boards, email services, and social media networks, significantly facilitate the dissemination of important information among employees and, in this way, support teamwork enhancement (International Association of Fire Chiefs & National Fire Protection Association, 2012). To achieve greater results in learning the etiquette and norms of professional communication, CFOs need to acquire knowledge about communication in both digital and real-world contexts. The consideration of etiquette, internet policies, and regulation of access to web content and information sharing while on duty is vital to communication safety
The internet video phenomenon has steadily gained popularity and continues to dominate the internet consumption arena with individuals opting to watch videos online as opposed to the now traditional television broadcasting hence spelling much doom for the latter. As competitor companies during their inception, Youtube and Google video came up with strategies to enhance their growth and likability. Youtube plunged into the market with a very liberal approach that would enable its users to watch countless video clips on its site (Karel et al., 2010). The users were also able to upload and share videos, an allocation that garnered the site much popularity making it the fifth most visited website by the summer of 2006. This immense success was largely attributed to the fact that the company had braced itself to counter any legal issues pertained to copyrighted content, their main field of specialization. Internet video hence achieved the kind of popularity and dominance it boasts of as a result of the sheer hard work and determination of these sites. Google video on the other hand adopted a different line of endeavor at its inception mainly focusing on television captions with no allocation for actual videos. The site specialized in still images, text snippets among other read-only materials that enabled its users to be well acquainted with information regarding future events and shows. The site stepped up its mode of operation by adopting a user video interface to enable it to achieve its desired fete with users now able to generate and share videos on this platform (Conner, 2008). To account for the failure of Google video; it’s imperative to substantiate the reasons that occasioned its decline in popularity as opposed to merely pointing them out. The restriction of user-generated content to the use of a downloadable plug-in from VideoLAN had an irreversible effect on the growth of the site since it troubled many users in its operation and hence necessitated their move to competitor sites which used faster and simpler technologies to watch videos (as sighted in Karel et al., 2010). Poor marketing strategies also contributed towards the failure of the site since despite the limited options it offered at inception coupled with the complexity in its operations, the c
Afforestation in Hong Kong is one of the topics of the on-going debate on sustainability. Chinese government is trying to address the problems related to environmental problems and afforestation is seen as one of possible effective ways to solve such issues as soil erosion, vast amounts of carbon dioxide, etc. (Xin, 2012). Though, it is necessary to note that these attempts are not new as afforestation policies were introduced as far back as the end of the nineteenth century when Government Gardens and Tree Planting Departments (Hamilton, 2008). Those were first initiatives aimed at securing forests from non-sanctioned felling (Demurger & Yang, 2006). Nonetheless, massive afforestation policies were launched only after the World War II. The situation in the region was really alarming as the aftermaths of the war were devastating and it was time to come up with effective solutions (Xi, Bi & He, 2012). Another stage of afforestation began in 1979 when a number of strategies were developed to effectively develop ecosystem of the region (Harris, 2012). Those measures head a positive impact on the environmental situation in the region as the forest cover in the area increased from 8.6% in the middle of the twentieth century to 18.21% in 2003 (Zhang & Song, 2006). However, Elliott et al. (2006) claim that the strategies used are not as effective as they could be and the policies should be reconsidered. Therefore, the afforestation strategies used have raised a number of questions. Thus, the reforestation in the region has been characterised by the use of exotic tree species. This approach is supported by some researchers, but it is highly criticised as it regarded as rather ineffective. As far as positive effects of the use of
Introduction The struggle in nursing is being compelled to provide the best care to patients while bearing the emotional burden that might be fostered by ethical dilemmas. Ethical dilemmas emanate from situations where caregivers experience cognitive dissonance when handling different tasks. In some cases, nurses experience events that directly affect their ability to make moral decisions because of the ethics that govern the profession, as well as the legal guidelines that must be followed in the service delivery process. For instance, it is common for patients to have suicidal thoughts, and they may reveal the same to their favorite nurse. When a patient confesses to planning to commit suicide, one would face an ethical dilemma because the nursing guidelines compel nurses to uphold patient-caregiver confidentiality, while also requiring the nurse to always look into protecting life. If a patient has confessed to planning to commit suicide, one has to consider various responses to the information and ensure that they are ready to face the consequences. This paper looks into the various ethical and legal dispositions that would solve an ethical dilemma where a patient reveals to a nurse that he or she is planning to commit suicide. Analysis of Implications If one is handling a suicidal patient, the necessary ethical and legal ramifications must be considered before deciding on the best way to solve the issue. A physician who gets information directly from the patient on their suicidal thoughts would be obliged to take action to prevent the loss of life. According to the ethical guidelines that govern the profession of a nurse and other health care providers, their primary role is to protect life by enhancing the status of wellness of the patient. This ethical consideration should compel the nurse to take any action that is aimed at preserving life (Campo-Engelstein, Jankowski, & Mullen, 2016). The first step would be an attempt to persuade the patient to consider other options. Being persuasive is a leadership quality that would come in handy in such a situation because one would be compelled to ensure that the confidential information shared by the patient is not shared with other individuals. Legal requirements in the health care system dictate that caregivers must protect the special relationship that exists between them and the patients. This implies that it is imperative to ensure that information provided by the patient in confidentiality is kept between the caregiver and the patient. A breach of the trust has dire legal implications on the professionals, and it may even lead to the loss of practice licenses if the patient pursues remedies from the justice system. This implies that when a nurse faces the highlighted ethical dilemma, the first consideration should be the development of a strategy to protect the patient’s life without involving the patient’s family members or other caregivers (Saini, Chantler, & Kapur, 2016). Fortunately, the law also facilitate
Foods being consumed in the modern world contribute a lot to obesity and other diet-related diseases such as cancer and hypertension. In the UK, for instance, many of the edible products sold in the supermarkets are contaminated thus affecting the health of the people and most products, especially pastry products, have a lot of sugar, fat and salt. This can easily lead to diseases such as obesity due to lots of fats and sugars (Carpenter and Finley 215). Supermarkets in the UK influence high levels of obesity and health levels because it has been reported that most of them sell cakes and quiches that are made with eggs. The Food Standard Agency says that some of the manufacturers in the UK use eggs that have been contaminated with dioxins to make most of their edible products thus leading to health problems. The products do not last for long thus making them to be eaten just before their sell- by dates. However, the Food Standard Agency (FSA) highlighted that mixing of the eggs reduces the dioxins level hence no risk to one’s health. Contaminated liquid eggs came from Europe intended to be used in products like pastries and mayonnaise. Similarly, there was poultry feed that was sent to Germany for use in the pig farms, which had already been contaminated by poisonous dioxins. FSA said that “These eggs were mixed with other non-contaminated eggs to make pasteurized liquid egg. This pasteurized liquid egg has been distributed to the UK” (Behrman 30). Dioxins are dangerous chemicals originating from processes in the industries or burning of waste products. They contribute to diseases such as cancer and highly affect pregnant women. A report presented by the food commission showed that food products sold by Tesco and Sainsbury’s supermarkets have a lot of sugar, salt and fat, which is not healthy for consumption. The foods also promote obesity since the customers do not k
Good Samaritan Hospital is a hospital that is recognized globally. This is as a result of the quality service it renders to its patients. As a result, it has scooped so many awards including the prestigious Baldrige Award. Many aspects are used in measuring quality outcomes in the hospital. To begin with, it measures the mortality of the risks that have been adjusted. It also measures complications that are involved in its operations and also the safety and well-being of its patients. Additionally, it measures the procedures that are core to the hospital’s functioning. The core values of the organization The hospital’s values are normally set by its parent company, AHC. Its value is normally to treat and then heal its patients. The hospital also believes that a distinction in service offered arises due to its relationship quality. This belief has made the hospital emerge as a major stakeholder in the health care industry worldwide. Measurement of performance Performance is measured based on the success of the hospital in relation to its objectives that are normally strategic. The hospital also chooses the plans to be acted upon and adheres to these plans strictly. It also measures the requirements that are regulated by different bodies. Also, posts in the hospital are listened to and the utmost attention is paid to them. The issues are then addressed swiftly. Lastly, the work procedures that are essential are identified and addressed. Medical errors Medical errors are dealt with in many ways. First and foremost, the hospital has developed a culture called training in terms of safety. This culture entails hiring a much advanced and highly qualified staff. The hospital also practices identity training in patients and also a kind of training known as training in reporting events (Swanwick, 2010). Patient safety concerns The hospital ensures that the safety of patients is paramount. There is twenty-four-hour camera surveillance in all wards to ensure that the security of patients is maintained. Each and every visitor that comes into the hospital is not only checked but also scrutinized properly. This is to ensure they are not carrying with them any harmful property to the hospital (American College of Medical Quality, & Varkey, 2009). Continued education for staff To ensure this, the hospital carries out Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) to all its staff. Critical thinking and the spirit of communication are highly encouraged among physicians. Continued quality improvement program The hospital practices training in tool quality within the staff. It also ensures that there is proper management of projects within it. Innovation is encouraged in the hospital. It also organizes events to ensure a fast growth of technology within the hospital through the use of teaching aids like charts (Haye
Proteus Vulgaris belongs to the genus Proteus and can be defined as an aerobic chemogeterotroph bacterium, which has a rod-like shape and is identified as Gram-negative (Ghaidaa et al. 8). As far as the size of the bacterium is concerned, most of the specimens of P. Vulgaris traditionally range from 0.4–0.6 μm to 1.2–2.5 μm (Ghaidaa et al. 8). P. Vulgaris inhabits not only soil, dust, and water, but also a variety of food products, mostly the ones containing meat. In addition, P. Vulgaris can emerge in the intestines of animals. The bacterium in question can be identified as pathogenic, or, to be more specific, a virus of an opportunistic pathogen nature. Specifically, the virus in question may trigger a urinary tract infection, may contribute to the development of pneumonia, or even lead to the emergence of septicemia in the patient’s blood. When it comes to defining the features of the bacterium, which make it a major threat to people, the fact that it possesses the elements known as precious flagella needs to be brought up. The results of flagella’s activities may vary, yet in most cases, they are destructive to the person contracting it. The fact that P. Vulgaris is characterized by swarming growth and, therefore, is capable of surviving in natural conditions easily, proves that the subject matter is an obvious threat to people’s physical health. The specified feature of P. Vulgaris is especially dangerous to human health, as the unceasing movement of the bacteria leads to the process of growth and division; as a result, the cells in question contribute to very clear zoning of the colony. It should be noted, though, that the cells require the temperature of 20°C–40°C, the maximum growth rates being observed at the temperature of 37°C, whereas, when the temperature is increased, the cells of the P. Vulgaris are destroyed (Kim et al. 44). In terms of the effects of the bacterium in question on the human body, the threat of developing urinary tract infections and even severe abscesses (Ghaidaa et al. 8) needs to be mentioned. In other words, the bacterium in question may trigger a variety of effects in the human body, starting from comparatively mild ones, such as swelling, up to major traumas. Particularly, P. Vulgaris may cause severe diarrheal diseases in patients, causing a major disruption of the intestinal flora and, therefore, the function of the intestine. In addition, the above-mentioned urinary tract contraction needs to be listed among the key threats. By spreading its colonies into the areas in question, P. Vulgaris affects the immune system at a very deep level, therefore, causi
General impact of fiscal federalism on finance and budgeting in public organizations With particular inconsistencies, theories of fiscal federalism represent a set of principles implemented for regulating the fiscal relations between various governmental levels. As a study aimed at selecting the most appropriate strategies and fiscal instruments for regulating the budgets of various layers of administration, fiscal federalism includes a system through which central government shares its revenues with the lower levels of administration (Mikesell 2010). According to a certain theory of fiscal federalism, the central government can impose particular restrictions and regulatory measures on pubic organizations for regulating their finance and budgeting operations. Disregarding the lack of a comprehensive theory of fiscal federalism and the current debates surrounding it, the state fiscal constitutions can be defined as powerful though poorly understood instruments having a significant impact upon financing and distribution of revenues within public organizations. Super (2005) noted that states should update their constitutions for the purpose of eliminating the chaotic responses to the swings of the private sector and fulfilling the tasks which are assigned to them (p. 2560). Public organizations have to comply with the federal accounting principles, avoiding any deficits while planning their yearly budgets and maintaining the budgetary process in the sunshine. For example, the annual finance report of a city should be available for the wide audience (Byers Laws, regulations, and policies). The central government can also regulate the distribution of the costs, indicating particular fields of the annual reports. For example, all public organizations have to include data on the post-employment benefits for their retirees in their annual reports (Byers Laws, regulations, and policies). In general, it can be concluded that implementing certain principles of fiscal federalism, the central government can control the financing and budgetary operations of public organizations. The impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements upon fiscal and budgetary operation of American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD) The enactment of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990 and following its amendment in 2008 was aimed at providing citizens with disabilities with equal rights and opportunities. This mandate law obligates organizations to employ workers with disabilities, observe their rights and satisfy their specific needs as well as to take into consideration the demands of their potential customers with disabilities. The ADA requirements influenced the fiscal and budgetary operations of American College Health Association (ACHA) in terms of enforcement of employment rights and observing the rights of employers and students with disabilities. Disregarding all the criticism of the methods implemented through this mandate law, it was intended to increase the level of employment of people with disabilities and protect their rights in working and public environment for preventing any disc
An ideal woman in the contemporary society is successful in her career, and family life. The ideal woman is able to work and take care of her family for instance, she can clean, cook meals, take care of children and her husband. However, the reality on the ground is different because the modern career woman cannot do all the home tasks alone. She has to delegate duties such as taking care of the children to others. Moreover, the ideal woman is expected to embody the role of a well-rounded woman who can manage her career and family well. The society scrutinizes her dressing, weight and beauty. Men and women are equal in God’s eye, but they are not equal in the eyes of the society. A woman is expected to be competitive in her career, but she is criticized for neglecting her family and delegating her roles to helpers. On the other hand, if she decides to remain at home and attend to her family she is criticized for being traditional. Furthermore, many companies pay women less for equal amount of work than men. Therefore, we cannot say women and men are equal. Nonetheless, women have gained more rights such as voting and that is a positive achievement. Moreover, women are portrayed in subservient roles to men in advertisements in the media. Thus, the relationship between men and women is asymmetrical. Therefore, women and men are not equal. Women and men should be paid equally at the workplace especially if they have the same qualifications. Pay should be determined on merit and not on gender to bring about equality between men and women. Today’s women have more freedoms and choices hence they are leading fulfilling lives. They have an opportunity to pursue their careers and have families. Fortunately, with the support of their spouses or family members women can run their careers. On the contrary, there are some women who are not living fulfilling lives as they try to live up to the expectations of an ideal woman hence experiencing stress or even depression. Women face various challenges in the workplace, education and in relationships today. They are paid less than their male counterparts in spite of the advances they have made in the workplace. Women are prone to more stress as they try to balance work and family than men. Furthermore, the issue of glass ceiling is still a major problem and many women are not able to rise to the top management levels in companies as they encounter many obstacles. Besides, women face challenges in school because many are locked out of male