ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Iran’s mass destruction weapon capabilities cannot be overestimated, considering the events of yesteryears which had attracted an international interest on the country, and its nuclear program activities. This issue has fuelled a serious conflict between the Arabic nation and other countries in the world. Iran’s nuclear weapon program heightened a decade ago, following the revelation of two nuclear sites in the country by an Iranian resistance group. Following this revelation, Iran stood its ground by arguing that their nuclear program was legal, and that it was intended for no other reason, but to generate nuclear energy for its citizens. According to Hunt (2009), Iranian leadership has always argued that the main goal behind the program was to establish a nuclear project that would supply electricity and fuel for medical reactors. This was against the perception of some Western powers who believed that Iran’s nuclear program was associated with the production of nuclear weapons, and it therefore posed serious security threats to other countries. This was arguably one of the major reasons that would facilitate the odds that do exist between Iran and the Western world. The Iranian government has been in prolonged differences with the United States and other major Western powers, owing to their suspected interest of acquiring nuclear weapons. These differences and misunderstandings are likely to throw Iran in one of the most challenging times of its economic history, following heightening economic sanctions by the Western countries. However, it is beyond doubts that these sanctions will be effective in helping Iran change its behavior in regard with the polarized nuclear program. Economic sanctions simply refer to the act of restricting a particular country from participating in free trade with other countries, owing to their political differences or misunderstandings. Economic sanctions are believed to have serious effects on the receiving countries, and this has increased the faith of many people on the various forms of disciplinary actions that are applied in the contemporary world to discipline those countries that have failed to comply with the international regulations. Possession of nuclear weapons is a serious issue which could have far-reaching repercussions on a country’s economical power. In most cases, this is likely to attract a progressive economic isolation of the suspected country, thus resulting to ruined international trading relations and stalled progress of the economy. Iran’s nuclear program has always been unclear over the years, thus raising a greater security concern across the world. The fact that their nuclear plan is likely to generate a new arms race in the whole world has led to successive rounds of debates and negotiations between the Iranian government and the international community. There have been military threats by the U.S. and Israel against Iran, as one way of forcing the Iranian government to submit critical information regarding their nuclear facilities. This, however, has never been President Obama’s best idea of action towards the Mid
Introduction Nuclear power in description is a contained nuclear fission that generates electricity and heat. Nuclear power plants provide about 6% of the world’s energy and 14% of electricity. Nuclear energy is neither green nor sustainable energy because of the life threatening aspect from its wastes and the nuclear plants themselves. Another reason is that its only source of raw material is only available on earth. On the other hand, nuclear energy is a non-renewable energy because of the scarcity of its source fuel, uranium, which has an estimation of about 30 to 60 years before it becomes extinct (Florida State University 1). Nuclear power pros Nuclear power has quite a number of pros associated with its use. The first pro of nuclear energy is that it emits little pollution to the environment. A power plant that uses coal emits more radiation than nuclear powered plant. Another pro of nuclear energy is that it is reliable. Because of the fact that nuclear plants uses little fuel, their vulnerability to natural disasters or strikes is limited. The next pro is safety that nuclear energy provides. Safety is both a pro and a con, depending on what point of view one takes. Nevertheless, even though results from a reactor can be disastrous, prevention mechanisms for it work perfectly well with it. Another pro that is associated with nuclear energy is efficiency. In considering the different economic viewpoints, nuclear energy offers the best solution in energy provision and is more advantageous. In addition, we have portability as the next pro of nuclear energy. A high amount of nuclear energy can be contained in a very small amount of volume. Lastly, the technology that nuclear energy adopts is readily available and does not require development before use (Time for change.org 1). Nuclear power cons On the other hand, nuclear energy has a number of cons that are associated with its usage. First is the problem of radioactive waste, whereby nuclear energy waste from it is extremely dangerous and needs careful look-up. The other con of nuclear energy is that of its waste storage. A good number of wastes from nuclear energy are radioactive even thousands of years later since they contain both radioactive and fissionable materials. These materials are removable through a process called reprocessing which is through clearing all the fissionable materials in the nuclear fuel. The next con of nuclear energy is the occurrence of a meltdown. A meltdown can be the worst-case scenario that can ever occur in a nuclear energy plant because its effects are deadly. The effects of a meltdown are very huge with estimation that radioactive contamination can cover a distance of over a thousand miles in radius. The final downturn associated with nuclear energy is radiation. Radiation mostly is associated with effects such as cancer, mutation and radiation sickness (Green Energy, Inc. 1). Impacts of nuclear energy on the society Social The society being an association that has people of diverse ideologies
Introduction Power supply is an electrical gadget that is used by electricians to move electrical energy to its required destination, which are usually electrical loads (Brown 20). An uninterrupted power supply basically provides emergency power in cases where the input power fails, and this is exactly the kind of power supply fit for this type of a project. This power supply prevents discontinuation of the test in case of an outrage of power. Failure to prevent damages after power interruptions disqualifies other types of power supplies for this project. This proposal aims at identifying and recommending the most efficient power supply alternative, which can effectively handle the power outrage problem. Types of power supply UPS power supply There are two types of UPS power supply and they are; online power supply and standby power supply. An online power supply continuously supplies power to the equipment, while the standby type only responds when there is a power outage. This automatic response is facilitated by a certain circuitry that enables it to respond promptly. On the other hand, the online power supply is usually continuous, and therefore, it does not need a prompt response when there are power interruptions. In case of a power interruption, its batteries are left supplying power to the equipment. Power backup considerations One of the things to consider when selecting a power supply, is the amount of time that the USP battery keeps power after a power outage. Another thing to consider is whether the power supply has features that are related to power conditioning. This is important because it can help in trapping inward passing voice. Also to consider, is whether the power supply provides a standby power signal to the server. Power back up strength Power retention ability of the USP battery in case of a power interruption is very critical, and should be put into consideration when purchasing a power supply. Also, it is important to consider the frequency of power interruptions, and the approximate amount of time it takes for power to resume in the region or area where the power supply is being used. Power interruptions are usually caused by controllable and uncontrollable accidents which affect the power lines. Repair of the power lines in most cases, takes about 5 hours and so, one should ensure that the battery of the power supply can last for at least 5 hours before power resumes. Volt-ampere rating, which is present in a power supply, can be determined by multiplying current/amperes by the line voltage. Separate power supply Two power supplies should be provided since there are two power equipments that are; the oven and the deepfreeze. Each of these two devices should have its own power supply. Provision of a separate power supply for each chamber reduces the risk of damage, and also makes it easy to differentiate the power supplies (Maniktala 50)
Introduction The rise of e-commerce and technological advancement in the economy and trade provides new opportunities for companies of the small, medium, and large sizes to use the benefits of electronic supply chains for more efficient operations. A medium-sized chemical company that establishes selling services to similar companies in the industry might obtain significant business advantages when shifting from manual purchase order processing to an advanced electronic database and B2B community such as Elemica. A shift from EDI to a cloud-based e-market is a chance for the company to improve its sales and procurement operations in terms of productivity and efficiency in a short-term perspective and create a qualitatively new electronic supply chain in a long-term perspective. This report is designed to analyze Elemica from the point of view of its classification and characteristics. The analysis is followed by evidence-based informed recommendations developed on the basis of advantages and disadvantages of the proposed e-marketplace as compared to the currently utilized supply chain strategy and alternative e-marketplaces. The findings of the report might be used as a basis for making a decision as per using Elemica as a cloud-based supply chain in the future. Analysis of Elemica Elemica is a cloud-based B2B e-marketplace designed specifically for the companies operating in the chemical industry. The consortium incorporates multiple companies of small, medium, and big sizes in a single digital marketplace, which provides business opportunities for suppliers and buyers. It functions as a community where inter-company relations are enforced, and business transactions are possible between any companies within the community. The newest highly developed technology allows for processing smooth operations on different levels of B2B cooperation with maximized automation and minimum resource losses on members’ side. When categorizing Elemica as per its type of e-marketplace, one might apply several frameworks for classification. Firstly, from the perspective of ownership or governance, Elemica is a private e-marketplace (Akingbesote & Ogbeide, 2018). It is owned by a single private firm, Thoma Bravo. The investments of this owner are expected to “expand its trading ecosystem to a broader range of industries” (Laudon & Traver, 2019, p. 863). As a privately owned e-marketplace, Elemica might be exposed to changeable fees and membership policies. Another classification approach necessitates considering its orientation on a particular group of members. According to Akingbesote and Ogbeide (2018), there are independent, buyer-oriented, and supplier-oriented e-marketplaces. In terms of orientation, either on buyers or sellers, Elemica is an independent B2B e-marketplace. It is defined that an independent e-marketplace functions as a B2B online platform that is “operated by a third party which is open to buyers or sellers in a particular industry” (“E-marketplaces, online auctions, and exchanges,” n. d., para. 2). Therefore, there is no bias in this e-marketplace for sellers and buyers. As for the vertical or horizontal scope of Elemica, i
Leadership is the notion which is meaningful for every field of the social and political life because it also involves such concepts as the organization of people and the achievement of the definite goals with the help of concentrating on their effective organizing. Thus, the effective public policy often depends on the effective leadership because the society needs such people who can organize the public and lead it to reaching the clear goals which are directed to the general progress and prosperity of the state. From this point, leadership is the key concept in the public policy making process according to which it is possible to discuss the effectiveness of the governance in this or that country. It is typical for the developed society to have the leader whose ideas are important to follow because of their appropriateness to the situation and because of the effective decision-making process. In this case, the modern society requires successful leaders who are characterized by such qualities and traits as charisma, the ability to motivate and mobilize the other people in order to achieve the aims because the quality of the leadership influences the effectiveness of the governance. To create the sound public policy, the effective leader should have the developed personal traits and qualities which attract the public. This attractiveness for the people is known as charisma. The charismatic leader is a person who is followed by the masses. However, to provide the effective policy, the leader should not be only charismatic but also be the professional in the field of his activity. According to Cropf, there is the interdependence between the positional authority and personal authority, and all these notions are based on the concept of the effective leadership which is the necessary factor for developing the efficient organization, creating the connections between the people within the organization, and the leader’s following the ethical principles of work with the employees (Cropf, 2008). In this situation, the strong leader tries to realize not only his potential but also to contribute to the development of his employees’ abilities with stimulating their intrinsic motivation, supporting their ideas, choosing the most effective ones among the proposed opinions, and setting clear goals and realistic deadlines. For instance, Winston Churchill tried to use the opportunity to listen to the other people’s ideas in order to receive the full picture of the process and make the most appropriate decision. To be the effective leader in the public policy making process, it is necessary to develop all th
Dealing with landscape ecology issues involves a detailed analysis of the problems occurring not only within small areas, but also on a much bigger scale, which means that the phenomenon of spatial scale must be introduced. Allowing to draw the line between the issues that can be handled on a relatively small scale and the problems that can be classified as global, spatial scale is a measure of length, width and other spatial characteristics of a specific area. However, the phenomenon of spatial scale embraces not only space as it is, but also the factors that affect a certain area, splitting these factors into micro and macro ones. Though the issue seems quite simple, it is quite hard to define spatial scale. Despite the numerous attempts that have been undertaken to nail down the essence of spatial scale, there are still certain ambiguities concerning what exactly spatial scale involves: “Spatial scale is interpreted differently, depending on the d
The first constitution amendment stipulated that the congress could not exercise any form of authority in establishing any form of religion or prohibit the exercise of religion. However, is religion considered as an independent entity? Has religion been segregated from the civic and public spheres? This essay seeks to examine these issues. Moreover, this essay seeks to highlight the current perception of the church’s separation from the state and the odds at which this perception is perceived especially in a democratic nation such as the United States. Religion played an important role in the founding of America. It is worth noting that religious principles that are constituted in the founding of America originated from Christianity and Judaism creeds. Historic scholars claim that the solid political prosperity exercised in America can be attributed to the indispensable supports of religion, reason, faith and morality. In reference to President Jefferson’s sentiments, no nation can exist or be governed without the influence of religion (Washington, 1796). The American leadership can be termed as the kind that highly regards religion. For instance, the American congress of September 1774 introduced an Act that ensured that a prayer and a religious reading from the book of Psalms were pronounced prior to the normal proceedings. Moreover, December 11, 1776 was declared a day of prayer and fasting in order to solicit God’s providence and forgiveness. It is therefore evident that since time immemorial religion has been in the heart of America (Novak, 2006). In this study, it is crucial for us examine religious liberty in America in order for us to gain an incisive understanding of the role of religion in the founding of America. Religious liberty can be perceived as the separation of the state from the church. Founding leaders of America greatly discouraged the establishment of a national or state church. They did this in order to separate the two entities. On the other hand, they encouraged the state’s involvement in supporting religious projects such
Festivals are one of the most important events in any community since they are dedicated to a particular idea and gather the whole society or family to celebrate it. In my experience, the most memorable event is the Ramadan celebration which is a religious festival. Even though I do not participate in Ramadan fasting, I enjoy it every year since it has symbolic significance to my family and community. During this annual festival, which usually lasts around a month, Muslim people keep fasting from around 4 am until 9 pm. Fasting keepers and others alike invite each other to the iftar, that is, the evening meal when fast keepers end their daily Ramadan routine. Moreover, during this month, people are encouraged to respect others, perform good deeds, and remain clean from sins such as lying and theft. This festival is significant for me because of the solidarity between community members. Both Muslim and non-Muslim members understand the value of Ramadan and try to support each other as much as possible. Since fasting is a difficult task, those who do not keep it help those fasting keepers both mentally and physically. For instance, my father and brother fast every year, and I try to prepare them an iftar (evening meal) and suhoor (morning meal). In addition, during this month, people are kinder and sincere towards each other. This symbolic importance has not changed for me over the years since I still experience the same level of enjoyment every year during the festival. However, over the last two years, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the festival is celebrated very differently. Since social distancing was imposed, people could not gather for meals. Such a condition was especially difficult for fasting keepers since the community support played a significant role for them. Nevertheless, people tried to provide family support as much as possib
The significance of EPC can hardly be overrated. The specified tool allows for a quick arrangement of information and prioritization of goals, thus, helping the managers get the company’s priorities straight and develop the plan that will inform the staff concerning the further actions to be taken. Figure 1. EPC, Its Roles and Company Objectives. The adoption of the specified tool allows for viewing the current business problems from a new perspective, therefore, creating premises for the development of an entirely new approach and the design of a brand-new strategy. According to a recent study (Weske 169), the adoption of the model in question allows for the location of the basic objectives, as well as their further prioritization (Fig. 1). However, it would be wrong to assume that the very phenomenon of EPC boils down to merely scheduling the actions to be taken and decisions to be made by the company. While the above-mentioned process also makes a very important part of EPC, the latter, in fact, embraces a much vaster concept of goals analysis (Kriemeyer and Linderman 130). To be more specific, the specified strategy defines the very course of the further workflow and, therefore, creates the premises for easier management of the company’s key processes: “Subsequently, the processes and sub-processes identified and the reasons underlying this type of sub-division were examined in detail” (Bertolini et al. 47). As Fig. 2 shows, the specified approach towards identifying the major objectives and supervising their accomplishment can be viewed as a major foot forward in addressing the company’s organizational and production-related processes. Figure 2. EPC for a Manufacturing Company. It is also remarkable that the approach suggested by Bertolini et al. provides tools for introducing a more efficient time management strategy. As the study claims, the waiting time for patients has been reduced significantly since the adoption of the strategy (Kurbel 105). The phenomenon under analysis can be explained by the fact that the rearrangement of objectives creates the environment, in which the stages required to complete the objectives are identified and characterized in a much more efficient manner. As a result, a more elaborate time management approach can be developed. The incorporation of new time management tools, in its turn, helps improve the manager’s understanding of the dynamics of the workplace processes. To be more exact, the specified tool helps arrange the workplace processes according to their relevance and the time required for their completion. As a result, a grid with a clear plan of goals to be accomplished and the links between these goals as well as the amount of time required for the com