ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Climate change is a problem that has been persisting for a very long time; however, the professional and collective effort directed at its minimization has appeared only in the recent decades when the researchers began to focus on the environmental trends, systematic changes, and observable negative effects. Since the problem was relatively new and unknown, it took a while for the researchers and experts to prove that it existed and presented a serious threat to the global society. Also, it took a while for them to gain attention of the world’s leaders in the spheres of politics and business and ensure their support in the effort of searching for ways to resolve the problem. Today, the solutions to climate change are still highly complicated and often seem impossible due to the involvement of a wide range of factors and determiners, as well as the global nature of the phenomenon and call for the international agreements and joined efforts as the basis for the successful solutions. In this paper, the issue of climate change will be linked to national security for the purpose of establishing connections between the two topics and pointing out that much needs to be done in this regard. In particular, the principles and policies regarding climate change and national security will be discussed, as well as the new understanding of climate change issues as not the ones requiring a response to threats as they appear but the ones aimed at control and prevention of such threats. Problem Background Climate change is a problem that is bigger than it seems at first glance. The observable change in the global climate is often presented to be just 2 degrees Celsius and depicted as something minor and almost unnoticeable (Holland). However, the 2 degrees warming induced by the increased amount of greenhouse gases trapped in the atmosphere serves as a major root cause of a wide range of other effects that are much more adverse than a warmer air temperature. In particular, according to the findings of the National Institute of Health Sciences, the contemporary effects of climate change include rising sea levels, extreme heat waves, an increased chance of floods, droughts, and hurricanes, and poor quality of air – the outcomes that have both direct and indirect impacts on people’s physical and mental health (NIHS). These manifestations of climate change occur all around the globe in the developing, as well as the developed countries, and thus making it very clear that a massive collective effort is needed in order to address them. Moreover, the magnitude and sudden nature of such manifestations make
It seems reasonable to state that the industry of soft drinks is under considerable surveillance due to a number of health-related issues such as obesity and diabetes. Authorities inevitably consider any charitable actions of the actors with an exact extent of suspiciousness, assuming that they cannot be founded on goodwill. However, it should be admitted that such companies as Pepsi and Coca-Cola pay attention to charity in terms of their CSR policy significantly. Nowadays, transnational corporations cannot perform without the mentioned responsibilities and conduct a plethora of health-advocating campaigns. It is not surprising that many civil rights groups, health advocacy organizations, and small enterprises expressed in favor of soft drink entities within the given scope (Wilcox 187). Hence, it might be suggested that harmful effects that the industry causes are – to a great degree – compensated by the actors’ transparency, involvement in many important projects, and provision of less harmful alternatives like Cola that contains no sugar. Nevertheless, if I were public relations counsel for Pepsi or Coca-Cola, I would treat the situation seriously. The public will get acquainted with the conflict, and some will definitely start perceiving the companies’ charitable affairs as cynical and disingenuous. This will substantially harm the actors’ reputations, which cannot be allowed in the current conditions of severe competition. I would recommend arranging the public performance of a CEO who will report and present the following: charitable activities, the related investments, and positive outcomes to which these activities have led. It is essential to deliver the idea that the companies are not involved in charity in order to obtain support from various organizations. Works Cited Wilcox, Dennis, et al. Public Relations: Strategies and Tactics (11 th Ed.). Pearson, 2014.
Introduction The debate over the credibility of sources has recently received significant attention in media, especially with regards to the recent US Presidential election that has encouraged some controversy regarding the differentiation between facts and “alternative facts”. Even though media and the Internet offer readers, viewers, and followers an abundance of reliable information, “alternative facts” have managed to gain much more public attention that the “boring truth.” 2016 Election: Alternative Facts and Changing Views According to David Greenberg’s (2016) Politico article, the public considered both Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump the most unreliable candidates: less than one-third of the CBS poll stated that Clinton was trustworthy, with Trump having similar results on reliability. The campaign held by Trump has become one of the most popular due to the trail of falsehoods that can be considered “legendary” in the journalistic pastime (Greenberg 2016). Among the popular false assertions of Trump, the assertion that American Muslims celebrated the fall of the Twin Towers, the overestimation of the sizes of crowds at rallies, as well as the false claims regarding the personal net worth of $10 billion are the most prominent. Moreover, when Lippman and Samuelson (2016) conducted a weeklong fact check of Trump’s speeches, they found that there was roughly one “alternative fact” for every five minutes. While the majority of politicians usually stretch the truth, giving momentum to the practice of political fact-checking long before the 2016 election, the current President of the United States went much farther than the usual truth stretching, with the chain of “alternative facts” helping to support one of the most unexpected and quick victories in the history of the US presidential campaigns. If to look at the examples of the “alternative facts” presented by Donald Trump, the following citations stand out the most:  1. “Really they’ve shut Christianity down” (cited in Lippman & Samuelson 2016, para. 7). According to the survey conducted by Pew Research Center (2016), 70.6% of Americans are Christian, with 25.4% of them being Evangelical Protestants and 20% Catholic, which goes against Mr. Trump’s statement about the Obama administration shutting Christianity down.  2. With regards to the role of the Gulf States in mitigating the military conflict in Syria: “The Gulf States have so much money, they’re not spending anything. By the way, they’re not taking anybody, they’re not taking, and they’re not spending” (cited in Lippman & Samuelson 2016, para. 15). In reality, at a London aid conference that took place in February 2016, Gulf States pledged to donate at least $537 million to help mitigate the conflict. Moreover, the United Arab Emirates has accepted around ten thousand Syrian refugees since the beginning of the civil war in 2011 (Martinez 2015).  3. “I don’t settle lawsuits. I don’t do it” (cited in Lippman & Samuelson 2016, para. 15). Despite this claim, in 2013, Mr. Trump did settle a lawsuit with more than a hundred of prospective condo buyers who lost million dollars
A business plan is regarded as an entrepreneurs’ ‘road map’ to realize a successful business. It describes the current status, future needs, and expected outcomes of the venture. It includes multiple parts, starting from project overview and finishing with financial strategy and timetable. Despite being rather extensive in size, it holds various benefits and is essential for those who consider initiating a new business. A business plan aims to explain its marketing strategy, research & development, management issues, possible risks. The effective plan presents a comprehensive business development model with detailed descriptions of its main facets (Kuratko, 2016). The description of the business processes is merely a part of it. The plan’s central focus is realizing the proposed models and the firm’s transformation into a prosperous company. A business plan is a document that performs the operational and managerial functions of the venture. Its main benefit is that it allows the entrepreneur to avoid some of the problems that can potentially arise during its implementation (Kuratko, 2016). There are other advantages of a business plan for the entrepreneur; for example, he gains an objective and clear understanding of his venture due to the amount of time and effort spent conducting research and analyzing the business critically. Besides, the entrepreneur conceives all assumptions about the venture’s success (Kuratko, 2016). And, finally, a business plan is a mechanism that helps communicate with investors and lenders and receive financial support. Overall, a business plan is fundamental for creating and developing a business. Considering that starting a business resembles a lottery, preparing a business plan raises the odds. If planned carefully, it is advantageous for owners because it ensures critical analysis of their venture, reduces the risks, states assumptions, and serves as a communication tool for outside financing. Reference Kuratko, D. F. (2016). Entrepreneurship: Theory, process, and practice . Cengage Learning.
Is the denial of rights such as the right to education and health mortifying to the Palestinian refugees in Lebanon? Introduction Late in the 1940’s Palestinians from the north of Palestine were forced to leave their homes due to attacks from Israeli military forces and ethnic cleansing. This briefing is directed at the Deputy High Commissioner, Korea’s Ms. Kyung-wha Kang and the Assistant High Commissioners for Protection and Operations, Erika Feller and Judy Cheng-Hopkins who are directly concerned with the issues that have been elucidated on in the paper. This briefing will be delivere
Business continuity includes a widely established set of arrangement, introductory and connected actions that are aimed to guarantee that a government’s or company’s critical commercial tasks will either endure to function in spite of the crucial occurrences or adversities that could otherwise have interjected them, or will be improved to an operative condition in a framework of a rationally short period of time. Furthermore, business continuity consists of three main fundamentals such as resilience, recovery, and contingency. Resilience means that the critical business tasks and the backup substructure are intended and planned in such a way that they are substantially unpretentious by most disturbances, for example by the means of applying the idleness and extra measurements. Recovery implies that the provisions are completed in order to recuperate or reestablish serious and less serious business functions that appeared to be unsuccessful for various reasons. Contingency requires for the association to implement a widespread competence and gameness to deal efficiently with critical occurrences and adversities of any kind that may happen, as well as those that were not, and maybe could not have been, predicted. Contingency arrangements establish a last-resort answer or reaction in cases when resilience and recovery preparations would demonstrate to be insufficient in repetition. “If there is no Business Continuity plan implemented and the organization in question is facing a rather severe threat or disruption that may lead to bankruptcy, the implementation and outcome, if not too late, may strengthen the organization’s survival and its continuity of business activities” (Gittleman, 2013, para. 3). The constituents of the business continuity organization that is obligatory for exhibition into a accepted strategy consist of the set of official papers, commands, and actions that permit a commerce to react to coincidences, adversities, dangers, and/or intimidations without any slowdown or interference in its main processes. It could be also named as “business resumption plan, disaster recovery plan, or recovery plan” (Witty, 2014, para. 3). The BCM plan could also consist of resolution, possibility, purposes and expectations that were applied in order to advance the plan. The chief responsibilities counting the power to appeal, the commands following the supplications and a thorough communications strategy has to be contained within the plan in order to guarantee the effectual recommencement of processes. Business Continuity recruitment in the majority of establishments is not accumulative. A lot of associations endure to either recruit the employees on the minimal level or apply the help of the external counselors in order to enhance the platforms. Commercial elements are obliged to take more responsibility for their strategies and apply the
Advertising, promotion, and marketing makes the business world have a share of its fun, creativity, innovation, and entertainment; in the case, the world lacks these business processes, then the fund of the business world would be lost. When marketers are coming up with adverts or promotional materials, they have to be creative and enact such appropriate measures that ensure that they capture the mood and attention of target market; the creativity is to not only the advert but also the product itself. In the case that there is marketing, then the brain of creativity would remain unutilized and the result is dull world. Through marketing, advertising and promotions, companies are able to sell their products to consumers; they are meant to persuade and create awareness of the existence of certain products in the market. With aggressive marketing, companies improve their sales thus their profits, this leads to an improved living conditions and satisfaction of stakeholders. When there is no marketing then, the world will have unexploited resources since their market will be minimal. People in the society will remain uninformed and miss an opportunity to take advantage of prevailing conditions that offer better commodities in the market. To some extent, marketing controls the prices that commodities are sold as well as the quality delivered by different companies. In the situation that a consumer is aware of only one supplier, then the supplier can easily exploit the customer as he has created a sense of monopoly. When some companies market their commodities, then consumers are given a variety of choices thus they can choose the supplier who offer them quality at an affordable cost. Marketing increase consumers’ severity and choice of commodities or services; when a number of products are marketed, the consumer is able to choose the commodity that will offer them a high utility. With an increase consumer utility level, then living standards, and value for money is attained. Marketing is a platform that enhances competition among traders; it involves a mind game where one company predicts the approach that the competitor will use to increase his market. The mind game leads to an improved use of resources, improved customer service, invention and innovation of commodities that fit the needs of customers. If marketing were not there, shift of the customer as the most important part of the business would occur to have the interests of the trader as the most important. This will lead to resources that are utilized for profit making only without considering other factors that might create value to the consumer (Rakesh 34-56). Marketing on its own has supported other industries like the media industry which get a large portion of its revenue from adverts, thus if the business process is not done, t
Disasters are those critical events that affect the lives of the general public and cause great damage to their properties. To prevent and overcome these issues, the disaster recovery (DR) plan is used. It guides professionals, revealing how they are expected to act to enhance the situation and ensure people’s safety and minimalize associated losses. The DR team consists of numerous professionals, which provides it with an opportunity to fulfill a range of various tasks. They are often gathered in such sub-teams as communications and public relations teams, administration and operation teams, damage assessment and recovery teams, hardware/software and network, teams. All in all, those professionals who perform their duties being a part of the DR team are responsible for:   * Guidance of recovery operations;   * Communication with stakeholders;   * Provision of basic utility services;   * Contact with media;   * Provision of required supplies;   * Management of surveillance;   * Cooperation with government enforcement authorities;   * Use of appropriate safety programs;   * Protection of population and property;   * Restoration of business operations;   * Environmental renewal (Kilbourne, 2013). All members of the DR team should act following particular procedures and policies. They need to document a proper emergency response that can ensure people’s safety and minimalize damage associated with the disaster. They are to accomplish operational tasks based on authoritative information. The DR team should identify required mitigations and perform crisis analysis to reveal the effects of the disaster. Cost analysis is also required because associated procedures can be rather costly because of the equipment used and materials required for renewal. A clear schedule should be developed for professionals to be aware of the actions they are expected to perform. It is vital to align it with the DR plan as well. Team leaders should distribute all vital information to the personnel, ensuring that they are well-aware of the way they are supposed to perform their duties (IMB, 2018). There should be a disaster action checklist that can be used by professionals to ensure that they do everything needed and do not overlook some significant steps. Depending on the peculiarities of a disaster, the place where it happens, and the influences it makes, different equipment can be required for the DR team to perform their duties. Among the most general tools, one can find trash and transfer pumps, fuel transfer tanks, flashlights, fire-fighting units, and sorbents. Recovery trailers are needed to transport equipment to needed place while batteries provide an opportunity to have enough energy for various tools to work. All in all, a DR plan is developed to guide procedures required to restore those systems that have been affected by a disaster. Generally, a DR plan starts with such information as to its distribution, objectives, and assumptions (Pollock, 2015). Then, the processing environment is explained. The scope of recovery is identified, the affected environment is described, and needed equipment is listed. Fu
Effectively Written Email The email is written considering the 10 Cs for writing effectively. To: Steve Jobs From: Bobby Johnson Date: 14-02-2013 Subject: Retirement celebration. As you all know, Joe Banyon is retiring at the end of March, which is next month. I have been tasked by his friends to arrange for a little farewell party in his credit. The party will take place on Friday, the 29 th day of March, 2013. The location of the party will be at the strawberry city café. During the party, we are planning to give him a gift certificate which will be bought by contributions from friends and colleagues. The contributions will be a minimum of $10 per person. The contributions should be submitted by 20 th February, 2013. Your co-operation will be highly appreciated. Please join us as we give our friend and colleague the best send-off party. Please keep in touch. You can reach me through this email address or my personal email address at [email protected] You can also use my cell phone number-333-122-2323. Regards, Bobby. Email Review The paragraphs below identify where and how individual Cs were used in writing the email. The first C used was Content. The email was written with all the necessary content needed for effective communication. The second C used was completeness. All the missing information pertaining the dates and the mane of the addressee were included in the email. The third C used was correctness. The language of communication was adjusted. Words such as ‘honour’ were dropped. The fourth C used was clarity. The language used in the email message was adjusted to be simple and enhance clarity. The fifth C used was coherence. The paragraphs were arranged with the use of conjunctions to ensure coherence. The sixth C used was conciseness. The email was made to be brief and at the same time, it contained all the relevant information. The seventh C used was connection. The correct connectors were used in the email message. For example, “which” has been used severally to ensure that the information is coherent. The eighth C used was creativity. For the email message to be understood easily, the addressee, the dates and the location had to be included. The ninth C used was courtesy. The use of words such as highly appreciated, please, and regards in the email message made it to be appealing to the reader. The tenth C used was closure. The provision of the identity of the email sender and the contacts provided a good closure. The closing statement was also made to appear courteous. Effective Messaging The first strategy for composing more effective messages is idea generation. During this stage, all information regarding the topic has to be listed down on a piece of paper. The second strategy for composing more effective messa
Using the movie “Forrest Gump” as a learning tool for diversity, the viewer is taken on a historical ride covering some of the most important and hotly contested debated issues of American history and politics. This diverse look at the past of our nation allows us a peek into how our country has changed through the innocent, small town eyes of Forrest Gump as portrayed by Tom Hanks. His adventures from childhood, the educational system, the Vietnam war, and eventual life successes all show us that an ordinary man will have a diverse exposure throughout his life that helps him to shape his view of his life and the world. The movie starts off by establishing that Forrest is a character with some mental incapabilities. He is not accepted in regular school due to his shortcomings but, through manipulation and “sexual favors” his mother gets him a slot as a student in a regular school. We see him ridiculed and bullied while