ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The history of cable television began in 1948, in Pennsylvania. As it often happens, a new invention appeared by accident. A town in which John Wilson lived, is surrounded by mountains on all sides, so watching television using standard antennas was impossible. Since Mr. Wilson’s main business was selling TVs, things went bad. In order to demonstrate the possibilities of his product, John placed a television set on top of the highest mountain and connected his TVs to it. He ran a cable from the TV receiver to his shop and successfully displayed his goods. Anyone who bought TVs at Wilson’s store asked him to run a television cable into their homes. Thus the first cable television emerged and inspired the world for the creation of a vast network. The most significant year for cable television was 1972 when the first true cable channel began broadcasting on a paid basis (“A Brief History of Cable”). This channel became HBO (HomeBoxOffice) – a famous channel that still exists and pleases the audience with exciting shows. Later, HBO’s cable channel had many competitors. For example, in 1976, Ted Turner founded a channel that later became TBS and marked the beginning of the CNN empire. In the late 1990s, the market was completely taken over by cable companies. Rapidly evolving cable television technologies have created opportunities to increase the number of channels a TV viewer can watch. It provided a significant rise in the popularity of cable. Moreover, a little later, cables introduced a high-speed Internet connection. All these facilities, however, are quite expensive, so new generations are switching to streaming services. Cable companies, in turn, in order not to lose revenues, prioritize the provision of Internet services. The future of cable television depends entirely on consumers. Work Cited “A Brief History of Cable: Creating and Cutting the Cord.” YouTube , 2017. Web.
For this project, an appropriate funding body in the UK Research and Innovation organization. Firstly, the organization helped similar projects, which aim to minimize the harmful impact of human operations on the environment. Additionally, biotechnology projects are supported by these establishments and receive sufficient investment. Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) functions as part of this organization; therefore, the field of research is appropriate. Secondly, the scope of the project implies that antimicrobials discovered in the process will be applied in medicine, which suggests a possibility of seeking funding from the Medical Research Council (Funding 2019). However, in that case, the scope of research would have to be shifted from the examination of properties that novel antimicrobials have towards their practical application against pathogens because MRC funds projects that target specific medical issues. In this regard, UK Research and Innovation is a more appropriate choice because they aim to support projects “seeking to sustainably improve human and animal health using industrial biotechnology” (£4.1 million investment in industrial biotechnology 2019, para. 2). In particular, one of the programs offered by BBSRC implies close cooperation with the food industry businesses that would benefit from the research (‘Stand-alone’ LINK n.d.). This would provide an opportunity to gain first-hand experience in food processing and understand the particular aspects of it. As a result, the research would be able to offer a cost-effective approach to synthesize antimicrobial agents that would help food companies reduce their waste. In addition, this program does not have a time frame limitation, providing an opportunity to peruse 24-month research. Overall, the UK Research and Innovation organization and its BBSRC council is a choice for this project because the establishment has a history of supporting research in biotechnology that targets environmental problems, such as food processing waste. In addition, the scope of interest includes medicine, which would be benefited through the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. Therefore, BBSRC is appropriate for this type and scale of research, as well as to the field of the study.
As someone who cannot remain indifferent about social justice issues and fairness in our society, I will contribute to the mission by raising awareness of the underlying problems. For instance, the violence against Asian Americans provoked by the pandemic should be addressed, as they are suffering greatly from unwarranted discrimination (Li & Nicholson Jr, 2021). I am willing to use my social media and other platforms to highlight the issue, having already performed my part in promoting certain news pieces. Furthermore, as social justice is integrated into the curriculum, I would like to participate in practice-oriented assignments and class discussions to make a meaningful change. As far as the community is concerned, my goal is to engage in initiatives aimed at vulnerable and undeserved members and, if none is currently active, suggest one myself. I want to ensure that the mission brings some results instead of being a mere statement and does not omit any group deserving of attention, which is a common oversight (Andrade & Lundberg, 2016). It may require a significant effort on my part, but I am willing to commit to the cause and cooperate with other students, the staff, and various organizations to promote social justice.
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is an investigative method that ascertains the chemical composition of a substance by identifying the individual elements present. However, the sample remains intact during the entire analytical process (Tykot 2016). A special type of equipment referred to as an XRF analyzer verifies a sample’s chemical makeup by measuring the level of fluorescence given off when the material is excited by X-ray radiations (Goldstein et al. 2017). XRF is a flexible method that can be used successfully on solid or liquid samples. Furthermore, simple sample preparation steps are needed before analysis, which has made XRF the preferred analytical tool in qualitative and quantitative investigations involving geological materials (Sharma et al. 2015; Lutterotti et al. 2016). An X-ray tube in the analyzer produces radiations that are absorbed by atoms in the sample. Consequently, the atoms ionize and release electrons from the lower K and L energy levels in a process that destabilizes the atom. The ousted electrons are substituted by electrons from a higher energy level in a process that releases energy in the form of fluorescent X-rays because these electrons have more energy than the previously expelled ones (Anand et al. 2018). The emitted rays are characteristic of each element and can be used to identify them. Experimental Procedure About 20 unknown salt samples with unique identification numbers were provided to the class. One unknown sample (number 3) was chosen and used for the subsequent investigations. Two other students also handled the same salt sample. An XRF film was put over a cup, which was covered by a different cup thereby pushing down the film. A clean weighing balance was used to weigh about 2.57 grams of the unknown salt. It was important to ensure that the weighting balance was clean to avoid introducing any extra material that could interfere with the accuracy of the measurements. The correct weight was expected to range from 2 to 3 grams. The salt sample was then put in a plunger to be compressed followed by measuring the height of the compacted sample, which was 7 cm. Appropriate labeling of the sample was done on the cover of the cup by including pertinent details such as the sample number, student’s initials, weight, laboratory session, and height after compression. The prepared sample was then placed in the RIGAKU XRF machine for evaluation alongside the unknown samples prepared by other students. The results of the analyses were later provided to facilitate the compilation of the report. Result Table 1 below shows the concentrations of different trace elements in the salt samples. The findings of the individual sample that was assigned are highlighted in green. The results showed that sodium and chloride were the main cation and anion a
Introduction The management decision facing Nike is whether the company should continue promoting its sportswear using product-based advertisements that it used to undertake or whether it should stick to the new mode of advertisement that is more focussed on product innovation. This new mode of marketing has forced Nike to stop using famous celebrities to market its brand but instead opt for consumer-focussed advertisements. Furthermore, the new approach is giving Reebok and Adidas a cutting edge over Nike since they are now focussing on the product-based advertisement which is proving to be a success in comparison to Nike’s new innovation-based advertising. Analysis More so, another management decision facing Nike is venturing into the international arena so as to continue enjoying market leadership and at the same time increase sales. Nike sales have to a large extent from the domestic arena which is the United States and venturing into the international arena may prove costly since the company risks losing its domestic consumer base. The marketing research problem facing Nike has lacked enough consumer feedback since if there was enough feedback from consumers Nike would be able to determine what the consumers really want instead of second-guessing. For instance, a reason some consumers are becoming less enthralled with Nike products is their more than $100 price per product while the competitors are offering their products at lesser prices. Thus, Nike is just focussing on changing the type of marketing as well as planning on venturing into the international market before solving the main problem which is price related. Thus, Nike should try and find out why the competitors are still using product-based marketing advertisements and yet they are still recording a success. The answer could lie in the cost of their products (Bradley, 2011). Does the new marketing method that is based on innovativeness meet the consumers’ desire? Is the decision to venture into the international market prudent or can it harm the domestic market? These are some of the research questions that Nike marketing and research team should focus on before making a decision. Thus, the hypothesis from the above research questions can be that the new marketing method based on innovativeness will meet the consumers’ desire in the long run, and thus Nike should continue putting more effort to ensure its success. The other hypothesis is that venturing into an international market will not harm the domestic consumers, but will serve to promote the company’s international image and
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)   * GDP is used to determine the strength of the country’s economy.   * Essentially, GDP represents total market value of all finished products and services given and made within the country for a certain time period.   * GDP is the main indicator of economic activity and output throughout the world.   * Consequently, GDP allows to determine in what phase of business cycle the country is in and development level of a nation because it represent the economic strength. GDP of the United Kingdom from 1960 to 2020 GDP of the United Kingdom   * The graph demonstrates the GDP of the UK for the period of 1960 to 2020.   * It is evident that the economic activity of the UK was growing over time and practically thriving.   * The thrive is seen from the fact that GDP rates are counted in trillions of dollars.   * Approximately 16 countries have a GDP of over 1 trillion dollars while global GDP is equal to $86.4 trillion (World Bank, n.d.). Reference World Bank. (n.d.). GDP (current US$) – United Kingdom . Data. Web.
One of the determining characteristics of human society is that people have social relationships. They can be defined as the patterns that individuals use to communicate with others and ensure personal and public well-being (Thibaut, 2017). Regardless of what a person is engaged with, social relationships are important for his or her success or failure. Drawing pictures, writing poetry, falling in love and getting married, and so on – all this is the result of human relations, due to which the existence of humanity is possible. Evolutionary and socioemotional selectivity theories are useful to understand how people interact in families and how it impacts their lives. This paper aims to discuss the lessons learned about these theories based on relationships in the family and through my personal experience. The social connections of a person compose a set of interactions, consisting of actions and responses. A complex network of interactions is formed, covering a different number of individuals. Gradually, in the course of communication, stable social relationships are distinguished from the entire set of interactions (Thibaut, 2017). Based on the rational-sensory perception of surrounding individuals, the person acquires a specific vision that is characterized by certain behaviors. A family is probably the basic social group that allows people to build close relationships. While it begins with the attachment to parents, predominantly, the mother, a person learns to interact with other relatives throughout his or her life (Van der Goot et al., 2019). In every family, there is a different distribution of values ​​between its members, which is determined by culture, traditions, and generational relationships. Consequently, social relationships arise from interactions aimed at achieving different types of values. The theory of attachment that was introduced by Bowlby was later expanded to include the concept of attachment in adults. The elements of the evolutionary theory can be found in adult types of interactions, including peer relationships (for all ages), romantic and sexual attraction, as well as caring for children, the sick, and the elderly (Finkel et al., 2017). In the animal world, it provides an opportunity for physical survival and ensures safety. In the human world, it does more than meet basic development needs. Namely, interpersonal relationships in the family are the basis of socialization and intellectual development as they connect a person with other people, allowing the developing of a personality and forming an identity. Affection makes people human beings, who have various roles, such as sons and daughters, fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters, wives and husbands. And so on. In this case, surviving refers to becoming a meaningful and conscious member of society. Attachment can be defined as a close bond between two people, regardless of their location and time spent together, which serves as a source of their emotional closeness. In tu
Introduction The case of Mr. Pierce presents an example of a patient who wishes to spend his last days at home and not in a medical facility. Such decisions should be respected, and it is critical to provide a patient with the necessary comfort. Mr. Pierce’s potential outcomes are determined by his choice to refuse any aggressive treatment as he is likely to spend some weeks at home, receiving care that eases his condition. A healthcare professional should address such concerns as the patient’s physical health, mental comfort, and spiritual needs. Also, an advanced practice nurse should support the family members in terms of preparedness for the death of a loved one. Potential Outcomes Mr. Pierce has deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emboli which cause such problems as shortness of breath and pain. The agreement for supportive drug therapy will ensure that the levels of pain induced by the identified disorders will be reduced significantly. Also, it is highly important to provide sufficient levels of care in the home setting so that the quality of treatment would meet clinical standards at least to some extent. One of the outcomes includes the patient dying from pulmonary embolism due to breathing difficulties (Jiménez et al., 2016). Another outcome is the patient’s death, which will be painless if the patient follows the treatment plan suc
Introduction Instructional design models are crucial for enabling the learning process by allowing the user to comprehend an underlying problem that was initially incomprehensible. The use of appropriate instructional models by operating room tutors can help in conceptualizing an existing problem since the models break down the existing predicament into smaller and more manageable units. A great model bears five key tenets, namely customization to the specific audience, method of delivery, appropriateness, implications, and reliability. The following four instructional design models are appropriate for the operating room in a hospital. ADDIE Model The ADDIE model encompasses four phases in its design. It allows the learner to conceptualize the problem throughout the process. These phases include psychotherapy, plan, growth, execution, and assessment. The processes represent changeable instructions for use during teaching and performance assessment. In the evaluation phase, the results are improved before repeating the whole process. Merrill’s Principle of Instructions Model Being the first instructional model ever to be designed, Merrill’s Principle of Instructions Model is based on the notion of instilling as much knowledge as possible from each course. David Merrill proposed the model that is based on five key principles, namely the task-centered principle, the principle of activation, the principle of demonstration, the principle of application, and the principle of integration. Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction Model Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction model consists of an event series that is designed based on the behaviorist theoretical approach to learning. The events form a systematic process of instructional design aimed at adapting to different learning environments. These events can be summarized in nine steps: gaining students’ concentration, informing the learners, encouragement of recall, presentation of content, learner guidance, elicitation of performance, providing feedback, assessing performance, and enhancement of retention and job transfer. Bloom’s Learning Taxonomy Bloom’s learning taxonomy model classifies intellectual behavior at different levels of cognitive learning. According to Benjamin Bloom, over 95 percent of examination queries call for students to remember through judgment at the lowest feasible point. Bloom created a design that comprised several phases of cognitive judgment from the straightforward recollection of details or comprehension as the lowest stage to the assessment of particulars at the uppermost stage. He used verb levels to represent the intellectual activity of cognitive thinking for each level. The levels include knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. However, the model has been updated to provide relevance to the 21 st
Introduction The purpose of this report is to compare financial data of Saudi Telecom Company and Mobily in order to identify attractive company to invest. However, this report concentrates on the company overview, investment analysis theories of alternatives returns, financial indicators and performance STC and Mobily, competitive advantage, comparative risks and returns and so on. Background of Saudi Telecom Company (STC) According to the annual report 2010 of STC, this company was started its operation in 1998 as a Saudi Joint Stock Company and it was wholly owned by the Government of KSA and in 2002, the Government sold 30% of its shares. To sustain as a market leader in Saudi, STC has design its future “FORWARD” strategy and long-term investment plan considering seven dimensions proposed policy, where every letter of the word “FORWARD” has a meaningful strategic and significant message in order to reach the its targets and objectives (STC, 2011). However, STC is a mega telecommunication company running its ongoing national and international operations based on some core corporate objectives and its mission is to exceed its customers’ expectations by providing service with respect, sincerity, obligation, collaboration, loyalty and so on (STC, 2011). Variables                 2007
Introduction One of the most important events of the 19 th century was undeniably the so-called Crimean War (1853-1856), which took place between Russia, on the one hand, and Britain and France, on the other. The rationale behind this suggestion is that this particular war established the tradition of demonizing Russia in the West, as the ‘land of barbarians’, which continues to affect the geopolitical realities in the world, up until today – something that can be illustrated, in regards to what was the reaction of Western countries towards Russia’s appropriation of Crimea in 2014. In this paper, I will compare what used to be the 19 th century’s accounts of this war (contained in the newspaper New York Daily Times 1851-1857) with the contemporary ones. Crimean War The editorial The Lessons of War (1855) in the mentioned newspaper, expounds upon what can be deemed the geopolitical significance of the Crimean War to Europe and America. According to the anonymous author, the main of these lessons is that, while waging war on Russia, Britain proved itself utterly arrogant of the most basic provisions of international law. The reason for this is that, as it appears from the editorial, this country did not have any reservations against setting up the unofficial recruitment offices on the territory of the U.S., so that American citizens would be provided with the possibility to join the British army. As it was noted: “We find the British Government, which has so often complained of us as a nation of grasping filibusters … is detected coming upon our own shores, and here attempting to organize, upon foreign soil, a military force to be employed against a power with which we are at peace” (“The Lessons of War” 4). The author of the editorial in question points out to the fact that the U.S. government should warn Brits that the mentioned practice, on their part, is inexcusable and that there will be consequences, should Britain proceed with trying to undermine America’s national sovereignty. According to the editorial, the main lesson of the Crimean War is that it exposed Britain, as such, that experiences the acute shortage of soldiers, which in turn suggests that the U.K. can no longer be regarded quite as powerful, as it would like people to believe: “So England, after all, is not invincible – her resources are not inexhaustible. There has been no limit to her boasting and arrogance, but an unexpectedly short one is found to her physical power” (4). In its turn, this created the objective preconditions for the U.S. to realize itself being in the position to be able to replace Britain as