ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Normal and Special Procedures   * The service team meets regular flights.   * The President’s Security Service is called upon to meet the head of state.   * Regular flights with officials arrive as standard.   * The flight of the head of state arrives at the cordon area.   * During normal operations are not protected from different angles.   * Security forces guard the territory around the perimeter upon President’s arrival. The procedure of ensuring the safety of heads of state at airports differs significantly from that maintained in the standard flight mode. The territory of arrival and departure is completely cordoned off, while in normal security operations, passengers are delivered to the aircraft in their usual way. Also, no special measures to protect people are carried out from different angles, but for meeting and seeing off President, the perimeter is guarded by a special security service that can quickly respond to any unforeseen situations. According to Youngblood, heads of state are always accompanied in separate processions and have totally protected transport, while ordinary passengers get to the place of boarding by standard buses (17). These measures are the most obvious, highlighting the differences in providing two security modes. Security Team   * The President’s Security Service is involved.   * Transport is accompanied until arrival at the runway.   * Trained individuals are located around the perimeter.   * Arrivals and departures are monitored before and after boarding (see fig. 1).   * Communication is maintained among all security services. Unlike standard security measures, meetings and seeing off heads of state are accompanied by tightened control. Aircraft are parked in a specially designated and guarded place, and no additional checks are carried out in a general manner. Security personnel are in clearly defined positio
Without a doubt, gender does play a vital role in both the perception of leadership skills and the perception of the characteristics of a leader based on his/her gender. There are those individuals who feel that in order for a female executive to succeed she has to embody some male characteristics necessary for success. I feel that there are more important characteristics which can determine whether an individual should be included on boards of directors. In considering board membership, one has to look beyond the gender of the individual and focus on the inherent characteristics. In so doing, one has to examine the pertinent literature on the correlation between gender and leadership skills. Gender difference studies conducted in societal settings have proven to be both revealing and controversial, yielding contradictory results. Throughout recorded history and across most cultures, females have commonly been expected to defer to males in all aspects of life (Glick & Fiske, 2000). In general, males have occupied more socially prominent positions than their female counterparts. Moreover, men are expected to be act more aggressively and violently than women. In fact, even young boys are often required to prove their masculinity via strenuous competitive and aggressive behavior. These socially conditioned gender differences have traditionally reinforced a patriarchy in which men define the social norms, occupy public positions, formulate laws and rules, and control women (Reeves, 2000). Regardless of the advances made by women in recent years, the bias against women in the professional world is evidenced by the fact that they continue to struggle with the underlying sexual stereotypes that are prevalent in society. One of the dominant reasons for this is the self-perception of many women as interlopers in a male world or as being forced to play a game they did not create. Contrary to the women who succeed by adopting the masculine traits, many men see themselves as naturally dominant types who do not have to “fake” leadership, aggressive behavior, and physical courage (Ridgeway, 2001). The significance of these findings was assessed by determining how the plight of women entrepreneurs could be improved, such as the eradication of barriers to entrepreneurship confronted by women entrepreneurs. Apart from addressing the deliberate exclusion of potential women from pursuing their dream of owning a business, this study investigated the entrepreneurial characteristics, measures of entrepreneurial success, and education level of current entrepreneurs. These findings present a realistic viewpoint from entrepreneurs who have shared their experiences, both the positive and negative, of business ownership. In some studies, (Lipman-Blumen, 1996; Reskin & Padavic, 1994; Wellington, 1999) researchers have found that women and men exhibit the same type of behaviors
Arsenal Football Club, otherwise known as “The Gunners” has had an outstanding history since its inception. In fact, the club has become a formidable force in English professional football by winning innumerable Premier League titles and several FA Cups in recent times (Soar and Tyler, 2000). It is on record that the Club has been famed for being the first London club to reach the UEFA Champions League Final in history. However, this successful performance has been attributed to the enabling environment the Club has been enjoying in addition to the unmatched dedication shown by the various managers who have ever worked for the Club. This fact can be confirmed by performing a PESTEL analysis of the Premier League football club Arsenal. A PESTEL analysis of a company entails critically looking at the political, economic, socio-cultural and technological factors surrounding the operational environment of the said company. For this reason, the political factors surrounding Arsenal Football Club have been found to be very acceptable. Just as it is the case elsewhere in the world, football is a very electric game in the United Kingdom and attracts a wide range of spectators. The international community participates in the world cup convention after every four years clearly indicating the kind of commitment attached to the sport by various governments all over the world (Myron, 1993). The amount of money spent in organizing and planning for football fixtures particularly in the UEFA Champions League also demonstrates the popularity of the sport. Studies indicate that government policies have not been restrictive regarding the operations of Arsenal Football Club. According to Maidment (2006), Arsenal Football Club has been involved in charity work in the community particularly through “Arsenal in the Community” with full government support. The Club assists the less fortunate in society by providing sporting services, educational and charitable projects (Soar and Tyler, 2000). Additionally, it is noteworthy to mention that Arsenal Football Club has been contracting both players and managers in a free and fair manner devoid of any political interference. This is evidenced by the appointment of the current long-serving manager; outsider Arsène Wenger who has demonstrated outstanding performance since 1996 (Spurling, 2004). Finally, the government’s position on marketing ethics has allowed the Club to conduct advertisements without any restrictions insisting that the Club is a big contributor to the economy (Maidment, 2006). Economic factors on the other hand have been the most enabling for the club and the sporting sector in general. Interest rates levied by the government on the club’s operations at a rate of 22.3 % have not been considered punitive at all. This argument i
Introduction Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is among the main public health crises that the Department of Health and Human Services has listed in the Healthy People 2020 program. CKD has resulted in incessant torment and deprived status of life for the victims coupled with causing premature deaths as well as financial crises in the private and public arena. The aim of the Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) program in relation to the disease is to minimize the incidents of CKD, its impediments, loss of life, and financial expenses incurred during treatment. This paper assesses the magnitude of CKD, develops a program, and sets objectives on how the program can be used to achieve the aim of the Healthy People 2020 in relation to CKD. Overview of Chronic Kidney Disease According to the Healthy People 2020 (2013), CKD is a state whereby the kidney slowly becomes dysfunctional. It normally does not reveal the symptoms until when it gets to late stages. Blood and urine examinations are normally performed to identify it during the early stages. High blood pressure and diabetes patients and those with a family background of CKD are often advised to go for screening yearly, as they are highly vulnerable to the ailment. The latter diseases induce strain on the kidney hence causing vulnerability to CKD. Furthermore, CKD is linked to old age. Statistics show that the ratio of those with CKD in age between 65 and 74 is 1:5 for men and 1:4 for women ( U.S. Renal Data System , 2013 ). The detection of CKD has been a recurrent problem, as most datasets do not have the biochemical information that shows the utmost accuracy in detecting the ailment. Most random samples lack incidence rates as well as financial information, thus making it hard to analyze how the vulnerable population accesses treatment and the extreme incidences in CKD, diabetes, and heart disease victims. However, the recent 2013 USRDS report shows that in 2011, 13.1 percent of acute kidney injury patients received renal assessment follow-ups after being discharged. This percentage was 1.3 percent higher than the precedent year, as well as the 12.4 percent set by the Healthy People 2020 program ( Healthy People 2020 , 2013). In a bid to handle the issue of diabetic individuals who are highly vulnerable to CKD, HP2020 program had an objective that 37 percent of diabetic patients go through a yearly urine albumin screening. The 2013 reports show that the aged population receiving this screening was 40.8 percent in 2011, thus surpassing the percentage set by HP2020, but lower than what would be anticipated by the clinical policies. Another key goal of HP2020 is to lessen the cases of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), which is an ailment that accounts for 6.4 percent (34 billion) of the Medicare budget. Moreover, ESRD studies show that diabetic individuals are highly prone to ESRDs ( U.S. Renal Data System , 2013 ). However, if patients get timely kidney transplant, they are likely to survive as opposed to those who go through dialysis. Unfortunately, one of the emerging issues in handling ESRD and CKD is the availability of kidney for transpl
The danger of acquiring tuberculosis has been proven not only by numerous historical references but also by real cases of registering this disease in recent history. Today, when the medicine is developed sufficiently, a significantly smaller number of patients are at risk. However, according to the subject of descriptive epidemiology, there is no complete guarantee that this ailment will be completely eradicated, and statistical indicators prove this assumption. As an example, the spread of tuberculosis in Pennsylvania will be considered and based on the data obtained, key causes will be given, as well as hypotheses regarding the methods of prevention. Distribution of Tuberculosis in Pennsylvania To obtain a comprehensive picture of the issue, it is necessary to identify the main categories of the population at risk. Since descriptive epidemiology studies not only the causes of certain diseases but also their implications for a specific environment, it is essential to determine groups under threat (Centers for Disease and Control Prevention, 2012). Over the past year, in Pennsylvania, 212 cases of tuberculosis infection were recorded, while in 2017, this figure was 192 (“CDC reports 2018,” 2019, para. 1). Such statistical results are alarming, and a more detailed analysis is necessary. According to the study conducted by Lande et al. (2019), in 2010-2012, the most susceptible category of the population to Mycobacterium avium infection, which is known for its anti-tuberculosis resistance, included people over 80. At the same time, white residents were much more prone to the illness than black, and such variables as smoking or the presence of lung diseases did not have a significant role (Lande et al., 2019). These findings prove that tuberculosis is an extremely dangerous and unpredictable disease that can be transmitted either by infected people or indirectly, for instance, through the water supply. Recommendations to the Administrator One of the main recommendations is the need to test the population at risk for infection regularly. Also, permanent water samples should be taken to prevent the ingress of pathogenic bacteria into the overall system. Lande et al. (2019) describe the cases of infection transmitted in such a way, which is a reason for vigilance. Preventive work should be done both with older adults and young people to promote knowledge concerning health safety. Types of Epidemiologic Study Designs As a theoretical background for researching and solving the problem of tuberculosis infection, special epidemiological study designs may be applied. Ghebrehewet, Cleary, Kliner, and Wilkinson (2016) note that there are such mechanisms as “descriptive, observational, or experimental designs” (p. 240). Each of the principles has its nuances and can be utilized by healthcare employees to identify such essential features as the causality and frequency of the spread of the disease. Ghebrehewet et al. (2016) also state that descriptive studies constitute the largest category and may be used both at an individual and group level. The
Introduction The article brings a new conceptualization that correlates shared reality that is archetypical that based on several conditions. These conditions focus on shared reality as a psychological obligation by people who want to share their experiences with other people. One of the conditions is that shared reality is subjectively perceived by a person’s inner feelings and state of self. These inner states are inconspicuous. That is, the shared reality does not involve observable features. The second condition for shared reality is; it should refer to a specific target. The third condition for shared reality depends on the inner state feelings of an individual which should be inconspicuous as discussed above. Nonetheless, these inner states should be adequately motivated. And lastly, the shared reality should heavily involve and draw a parallel with other peoples’ inner state. The article emphasizes the approach of research on the perspective of “saying– is–believing effect”. This effect exemplifies the formulation of complex interpersonal communication. This approach later expounds on the constructs like empathy, theory of the mind, embodied synchrony, and knowledge that is socially distributed. In addition, this research approach ideally promotes an inclusive and distinguished comprehension of socially shared phenomena that are real (Echterhoff 496). Key points Key points addressed in this article are not only fundamental to interpersonal communication but also to the individual self-esteem and identity created in sharing. This is because shared reality habitually depends on an innate state which is irrational and develops one’s physical growth and well-being that connects with a sense of reality. This interpersonal communication that is created is essential. This is to means that if one loses shared reality he or she becomes uncertain, very uncomfortable, and may result in physical agitation. Therefore, sharing one’s state and personal experience is essential for personal development. The second key point discussed in the article is motivation is essential in evoking inconspicuous inner states. This is essential because the epistemic motive that is behind the inner states helps to identify and comprehend the target that is specific in one’s life. That is, these motives provoke people to be connected with each other. As discussed above, there is a lot of positive importance of bei
Introduction The Bermuda triangle located in the Atlantic Ocean between Bermuda, Miami, Florida, and San Juan Puerto Rico, forms one of the greatest wonders of the world. This is where the disappearances of ships and planes are a commonplace. According to Winer (2007), “the initial claims of the mysterious disappearances in the Bermuda also known as the ‘Devils Triangle’ dates back to September 19 th 1950. Two years down the line, “a magazine called ‘FATE’ published ‘Sea Mystery at Our Back Door’ reporting unabated disappearance of vessels and aircrafts including the phenomenal loss of ‘Flight 19’ (group of five US Navy air force planes)” (Winer, 2007). These losses are beyond human comprehension and have eluded the human fraternity so far to the point where numerous myths have come up explaining the disappearances. Additionally, other theories have tried to explain the abnormality of this triangle basing on scientific believes and facts. These mysteries are not mare hearsay, there is enough evidence of lose and people missing in action. These are proves worthy creating an interesting subject to venture into. In a nutshell, this paper is going to focus on the basis, bizarre explanations, ordinary explanations and the famous incidence about the Bermuda Triangle. This is intended to create an insight into making one understand this phenomenon. The paper will then conclude by giving a highlight on this wonder. The basis According to Winer (2007), the famous Bermuda triangle which is also referred to as the “Devils Triangle has its bearing on the Atlantic coast of Miami, San Juan, Puerto Rico and mid Atlantic island of Bermuda with massive effects experienced in the southern border just about the Bahamas and the Florida Straits”. Winer further explains that notable disappearances have roots back in the 1950. In 1952, ‘Fate’ a publication, published an account ‘Sea Mystery at Our Back Door’ which covered a series of mysterious disappearances of ships and aircrafts inclusive of the ‘Flight 19’ (a group of five US Navy force planes which were on a training undertaking when they awkwardly disappeared in thin air). It is reported that the flight leader was heard saying, “we are entering white water, nothing seems right. We don’t know where we are, the water is green, no white” (Winer, 2007). Whatever transpired after that is beyond human understanding. So many assumptions came on board of the strange disappearance with off
Abstract The media views society as a bewildered herd. Often, to create a moral relationship between the contemporary (in which the media thrives), the media strives to keep supplying the society with an almost cultural trend that is always borrowed from the hyped celebrity lifestyle. This paper explores the context of media, celebrity and society by defining how each depends on each other to set a moral position and how the society remains the end-user and specific subscriber of mind control schemes, and how new social moral constructs have become observed through trends sets by celebrities and pitched for adoption by media. Introduction Famous faces of celebrities greet us at every turn, from television to magazines and from newspapers to public transportation and cereal boxes. Celebrities are not only dominating modern society in a lot of ways but also capture the imagination of a nation (Tan, p. 914). Cultural construct today depends entirely on impartially relevant values (Bennet, Grossberg, Morris, and Williams, pp. 64-70). Celebrity culture is not only embedded in everyday social life. This observation deludes perception about social value construct. However, celebrity culture is seen to be radically constitutive of contemporary social life (Bruce & Imogen, pp. 1-18). Celebrities through their trends, fashion and intrusive perceptions produce and sustain class relations across societies and subsequently, inspire multifaceted moral functions. Celebrity culture is disseminated across a broad range of media and other forms of cultural themes of communication. Its boundaries are not limited, therefore is not easy to delimitate from the (Tyler & Bennet, B. 2). The Rise of the Celebrity The modern-day term ‘celebrity’ is dated back to about 1850, the time of the rise of mass media. However, the shift towards celebrities became more noticeable in the 1920s. Celebrities became, eventually, distinctly different from heroes who achieved fame. The result was a phenomenon of people who are famous for just being famous. Elizabeth Taylor is an example, whose private life and association with other celebrities featured in the popular press. It is true that being a great celebrity requires the techniques of reinventing yourself and presenting a different type of persona for public consumption. That becomes part of culture later. Examples of such celebrities include Madonna and Michael Jackson. The earliest attempts to see the influence the consumers’ minds can be seen in the early 1900s. (Tench, R. and Yeomans, L. 623). Celebrity culture and the societal uptake of the same Art influences the desire to become complacent with the experience. Bennet, Grossberg, Morris, and Williams argue that experience of art can be transformed into one of self-improvement, as the person would aim t