ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Business Corporations define objectives that are used to help in reinforcing the position of any business Company; this strengthens their position within the industry and establishes them above existing competitors within the industry. The objectives underline the processes used and the advantages that would improve any Company’s position. The objectives revolve around the company’s key strengths and opportunities, and at the same time assist in preventing any form of weaknesses as well as protecting the company against threats. However, there is a possibility that a company could create competitive advantage through the implementation of appropriate business models (Camardella, 2003, pp. 103-107). Any Business entity should utilize the use of the BSC which could act as source of help to the company in the area of human resource management. This makes it possible for the Company to focus on hiring and retaining of customers within the market. It should be the focus of the company to hire best and experienced personnel who are dedicated to production and customer service (Chan & Lynn, 1991, pp. 57-87). Human Resource Performance The central problem of CUERO ltd case is the nature of disconnect in power and authority; whereby small group of employees assumed the role of managing various sectors of the Company and maintained control of the staff and policies. The nature of control of this core group from the two top managers determined the outcome of every production process, in turn; this has brought lots of conflict within the Company’s management team. This kind of dominance led to the production of substandard quality of products and customer related services, of which corrective attempts were made but deemed unsuccessful (Chan & Lynn, 1991, pp. 57-87). At CUERO Ltd, there exists a non-traditional organizational setting which is clearly indicated in the manner in which the occurrences appeared. Unlike the standard power gram, where power matches authority, both factors are mismatched and positioned at different locations of the diagram. The two brothers did whatever pleases them without any consultations whatsoever. Usually shaped in a reverse triangle with power exerted from top to bottom, the direction of power is instead reversed and exerted from bottom to top. This is revealed where the Merchandisers are allowed to fix their own prices on the products produced without any concern from the top management. In this case, the organization chart is not clearly instituted and hence according to management team that took over understood the fact that those with the most authority possessed the least power and those with the least authority possessed the most power (Walker, 1998, p. 7). Additionally, “sloppy” and “corner-cutting” ways were second nature for the management team who never entertained the grievances of their junior employees. This is clearly depicted on Saint’s action by the end of 2003 where some employees were sacked. Employees, who attempted to challenge the Company’s practices, were immediately si
The purpose of the paper is to describe the impact of adverse conditions on human physical performance and to apply the findings to the military environment with the focus on the effectiveness of training resistance to the chosen adverse condition. The subject under investigation is sleep deprivation because very often soldiers spend days without sleep that is why its influence is worth studying. Sleep deprivation is a subject of much researches because nowadays people usually do not get enough sleep due to work schedules and a dynamic lifestyle. That is why it is necessary to know its possible outcomes. Daviaux, Mignardot, Cornu, and Deschamps (2014), for example, conducted research aimed at finding how total sleep deprivation affects the perception of action capabilities. They divided twenty-four participants, men and women of nearly the same age and physical indices, into two groups. People from the first group stayed awake for 24 hours in the laboratory while the second one was the control group. The experimental task was to define the maximum height of stepping over the bar by adding 2.5 cm at a time. It had two parts: assessing one’s possibility to perform the task and actually doing it. The results have proved that sleep deprivation has a deleterious impact on assessing situations that might have dangerous outcomes and lead to inattentiveness (Daviaux et al., 2014). One more similar research was carried out by Dąbrowski, Ziemba, Tomczak, and Mikulski (2012) for the purpose of investigating the effects of 36 hours without sleep combined with 20 hours of intermittent exercise. The authors have chosen eleven healthy men of nearly the same age, height, body mass, and body mass index. Measurements were made at the beginning of the experiment, after 24 and 36 hours. What is special about the study is that the participants were asked to stay active by doing moderate physical exercises. The results have shown that long-lasting sleep deprivation if combined with physical activities, leads to a drop in heart rate, degradation of motion coordination, and shooting performance but does not influence handgrip sensitivity and psychomotor performance (Dąbrowski et al., 2012). Studying human physical performance under the conditions of partial or long sleep deprivation is of extreme significance if adapted to the military environment because, in fact, these are the conditions soldiers live in during the times of warfare. The results of both types of research mentioned above are important as they demonstrate that not enough sleep can become the reason of thoughtless behavior as the ability to assess potential danger decreases. Moreover, less or no sleep leads to detraction and degradation of motion coordi
This whitepaper is an exploration of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges presented by the corporate culture of the National Basketball Association (NBA). It will focus on those elements in the framework of changes that challenge the sustainability of the association as it adapts to uncertainty, globalization, and the networked enterprise. Globalization Globalization is associated with the creation of the environment conducive to the free flow of information and the expansion of connectivity on a global scale (Haugen and Mach 113). Therefore, it could be argued that emphasis on social issues, innovative approach to marketing, and size advantages are the main strengths of the league in the process of adaptation to the forces of globalization (NBA par. 3). NBA has encountered numerous criticism related to the culture of hip-hop and race over the last years (Liopis par. 4). Therefore, it could be argued that the cultural paradigm that has led to tarnished reputation is the main weakness of the league during the time of the economic shift to globalization. However, it should be said that NBA’s culture is associated with the following opportunities in the era of globalization: emerging markets and new technological solutions for broadcasting their games. One of the challenges presented by the qualitative change of the world’s communication structure is intense competition. The Networked Enterprise The main strength of the league in the face of change presented by the shift to the networked enterprise as its corporate business model is associated with the fact that fully networked companies are known to implement more intense policies for supporting organizational change (Bughin, Chui, and Pollak par. 8). However, taking into consideration that NBA is not known for a strong emphasis on building social technology capabilities, it could be argued that its culture is not conducive to the rapid implementation of new policies at residents’ companies. Nonetheless, it is reasonable to assume that the league’s corporate character that is defined by its desire to align its culture, values and business strategy would present opportunities for consistent internal and external benefits (Bughin, Chui, and Pollak par. 8; Artur W. Page Society par. 3). One of the main challenges of NBA’s culture during the shift to the networked enterprise is the development and implementation of the formalized strategy for the effective application of social technologies. Uncertainty The league’s emphasis on the “principled approach to doing business” as well as its desire to incorporate the principles of the Global Compact into the set of their policies and procedures is arguably its main strength in the face of uncertainty (United Nations Global Compact par. 1). NBA’s focus on human rights and social responsibilities provides a strong foundation for meeting challenges associated with the volatility of global markets (NBA par. 2). The aspect of the league’s culture that could be considered a weakness is its focus on the multitude of investment projects that might result in a “loop of
Traditionally, music played a significant role in Christian worship services. Christian worship music is as old as the religion itself. Although its style has transformed significantly with time, it message has remained the same (Goff 56). In this paper, three important roles of Christian worship songs and hymns on their worship services will be looked at in detail. Teachings for believers Christians have used music to make important teachings to its believers. The intention was to spiritually uplift fellow Christian believers. Essentially, hymns and songs were sung to help the believers break from the thoughts of their routine, frustrating and problematic daily life. In addition, singing during worship services taught fellow Christians how to remain focused on their faith. Christians have traditionally used music to encourage the believers to learn lessons on unity, and to challenge them to live as per the words of their songs. Christian believers have not only used songs for personal benefits but also for the benefit of teaching others (Taff et al. 45). Through music, the churches’ theology was effectively communicated, educating fellow Christian believers how to “ instruct one on how to worship, teach small portions of Scripture, and speak of ways to successfully minister to others” (Taff et al. 45). Notably, music publicized the gospel and gave emphases on the essence of spreading the good news of deliverance. Music could also bring the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ into the hearts of men. This was an additional way of uttering the message of the gospel. Ideally, music for worship contained elements about God’s attributes such that the worshippers would focus their attention upon him. Music a show of dedication to God Gospel songs and hymns are considered by Christians as a central component for worshiping their God. Music has a special way of “communicating to the emotions and planting the seed of definite decision in the heart” (Wilson-Dickson 23). This is achieved through simplistic and straightforward songs. They also used harmonious and easy to sing lyrics which helped the singer to memorize songs as a sign of dedication to their God. Scores of songs are composed with the inspiration of the Christian Scripture, hence showing their dedication to their God. The message that the songs communicated tried to encourage Christians to establish deep and personal relationship with their God (Ogasapian 23). Encouragement Christians also use music as a source of encouragement. Music was a means of expressing the believers’ emotion. To others, music would stir their hearts to repentance to the Lord Jesus Christ, while to others; music would soften their stubborn hearts to bow down before the Lord. Through singing of songs which were repetitive, the Christians developed a sense of solace and encouragement. The believers enjoyed singi
Introduction Edward C. Tolman, B.F. Skinner and John B. Watson were psychological behaviorists who were interested in the science of conduct of human beings and animals (Goodwin, 2005). Watson who lived between the years 1878 and passed on in 1958 said that psychology is a science and that data which can be easily seen by anyone is the only evidence to that fact. He argued that the foundation of science is data and which can be verified through observation of behavior. He said that there are many ways that such behavior can be observed. Comparison Watson noted that as civilizations advanced, towns were becoming cities, and the more the number of people in the cities the greater the need for studying psychology. This is because people need to understand how to relate with each other in the new settings of life. Watson studied behavior in the cultural and social setting. He altered the way 21st-century American psychologists thought about conduct. This is because he introduced the words “response” and “stimulus” into the general context of behavior. Watson stood out from Skinner and Tolman because he studied both animal and human psychology. Watson believed that stimuli can be used to condition a person’s mind such that they can be able to produce a certain specified reaction. For instance, if a person fears heights, a psychologist should counsel the person, show the person heights, and finally introduce the person to a high place. This is done as a way of helping people to overcome certain fears in life. On the other hand, Tolman who was born in 1886 and died in 1959 based their behavior on his personal experience. Tolman forwarded the argument that every being whether animal or man thought and made choices as exhibited by their subsequent actions. Tolman pointed out that both beast and man had to look for their respective ways since they relied on maps and reliance on cognitive approaches. This shows that Tolman required variables so that he could be able to comprehend both man and beast’s behavior. Tolman differed from Watson and Skinner in that he willingly included other people’s thoughts into his system unlike the rest of the pack that ignored other person’s insights. He believed that experiments are meant to be a show that gives examples of what he wanted to express. He did not see that demonstrations should be taken as proof of thinking or expression. Tolman argued that learning can occur without rewards being doled out to the learner. In his words, he called rewards a “reinforcer” that can be used to develop Classic and Operant C
What are the Key Ethical Issues in Grief Therapy? What makes them so Challenging? Research conducted on grief shows that some ideas presented are similar to those of grief therapy. For instance, Stroebe, Hansson, Stroebe, & Schut (2011) posed that any ethical clinician should follow several basic morals to enable them to achieve ethical standards, which are inspirational. Some of the basic morals, which Stroebe, Hansson, Stroebe & Schut (2011) suggested include the following. First, an ethical clinician should give his or her clients a chance to make their own individualized decisions without influencing them in any manner and helping clients to achieve self-awareness. Second, an ethical clinician should avoid any action that may jeopardize the client in any way and ensure that the interest of the client is put forward all the time. Third, to achieve ethical standards as a clinician one ought to ensure that fairness, trust, honesty, and a good relationship exists between the practitioner and the client. On the other hand, the American Psychological Association (2002), Code 2.03 stated categorically that any clinician should ensure that he or she keeps abreast with any form of new knowledge regarding techniques of research in grief therapy. This ensures that clinicians are well educated in their respective fields of study thereby enhancing the quality of services, which they render to their clients. In addition to this, the American Psychological Association (2002), Code 10.09 stipulated that in the event of an employment or a contract-based relationship, psychologists should ensure resolution of responsibility for the client or patient upon the termination of the employment or contract-based relationship. This should comply with appropriate and orderly procedures. The psychologist should always take into consideration the wellbeing of his or her client. Similarly, Code 2.01 specified that all clinicians should handle tasks by their competencies. Therefore, if a clinician encounters major difficulties while handling a client suffering from grief, he or she should refer the client to another clinician or psychologist to assist the client. In addition to this, Code 2.03 stipulates that clinicians and psychologists should conduct continuous research and study in their fields of specialization to address any new scenario that might present itself in the course of discharging their duties. Even though I am an ardent follower of the American Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics, I am also eager to identify some of the outstanding differences that exist between the American Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics and the Psychologists Code of Ethics. For instance, Code 2.01 of the American Psychological Association (2002) emphasizes the referral of clients whenever a need arises. Compare and Contrast How Children and Adolescents Grieve. How Would you Adapt Your Interventions Based on Developmental Levels and Age? Compar
Cloud computing and supply relationship management First of all, it must be noted that the evolution of information technologies is strongly associated with cloud computing. The term cloud has a symbolical meaning; it is associated with IT-related capabilities a variety of companies use. The extremely high demands of consumers and enterprises require new powerful IT-resources to be used. Thus, cloud computing allows immediate reacting to customers’ and organisations’ requirements regardless of time and location. Cloud computing gives companies an opportunity to process information in a quick manner; therefore, the new technology seems to facilitate the process of cooperation between organisations and their suppliers. The dynamic nature of the cloud provides companies and their suppliers with an ability to concentrate on their core goals and save time. Many organisations use a new form in computation with their suppliers because of their greater flexibility, manageability and reusability. The cloud and customer relationship management (CRM) When discussing cloud computing in relation to customers, it is necessary to state that the technology is recognised to be rather beneficial within CRM. One of the most appropriate examples, which can be used to explain how the cloud works in CMR, is an American company Amazon. com . Thus, when analysing the benefits of the technology, one can probably notice that due to cloud computing capabilities, “every user’s interests are monitored and stored, and responsive sales and marketing efforts are conducted not in a way that irritates the user by being pushy and overaggressive, but by carefully responding to the consumer’s precise interests” ( Cloud Computing and Consumerism 2012, para. 2). In other words, one can conclude that a new form of computation is widely used to satisfy the needs of an individual. As far as the cloud impacts on marketing efforts in a positive way, it becomes evident that it also affects consumers’ behaviours. The technology allows easy purchase options and therefore, stimulates people’s buying attitude or buying habits. The benefits of cloud computing in relation to customers Cloud computing is considered to be beneficial to customers due to a wide range of reasons, which most important involve cost-reduction, increased efficiency, flexibility, security gains, and reliability. Challenges organisations and customers can face when using the cloud. Challenges, which organisations can face when using the cloud are mostly associated with security and privacy issues. These include vendor security, data location, provider viability, compliance, reputation sharing, isolation and segregation, and management interface. To prevent risks, organisations are to take into consideration data classification, notification, backup, authentication, encryption, monitor, and vulnerability assessment ( Monthly Security Tips 2011, para. 5). Customers’ challenges can include multi-tenanc
With the help of a combination of sounds, an emotional effect on a person can be exerted, which is especially perceived when reading fiction literary works. One example of a composition that profoundly impacts the reader is Dorianne Laux’s poem Kissing Again . After the first reading, one gets the impression that there is no rhyme at all in this poem. However, after spending more time reading, the subtle sound organization of the piece can be noticed. Alliteration makes the version more euphonious, filled with emotion, and easier to remember. In turn, Meyer and Miller (2019) assert that excess of alliterations is irritating and distracts from the message of the text. However, Laux used this technique (for example, “just salt / and the liquid swells set in motion / by the moon”) quite succinctly and unobtrusively, which gives the piece a sensuality (7). The unity of the verse is displayed at the semantic, intonation, and syntactic levels. Meyer and Miller (2019) note that it can be complemented by the unity of the phonological organization, which often forms strong connections within the verse. For this, the author used rhymes such as moon-Istanbul, spongy-tongue, feels-fields, and streams-creeks. In turn, the use of such stylistic techniques as assonance (sex -yes; kids-bills-windows; give – receive, between-coffee) and consonance (kiss – caress, swelling – reveling) presented the work with originality and expressiveness. Robinson (2018) asserts that the artistic significance of alliterations, assonances, and other means of phonics is enhanced in a poetic context because they are included in the system of symbolic means of language used in the text. Thus, the use of phonetic means in this poem made it euphonious, gave imagery to speech, improved its perception by readers, and influenced their imagination.