ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Does the language have its impact on people’s lives? Hardly anyone thinks about it. Yet in Canada the problem is rather complicated. Because of the dominance of the English language, a great number of problems arise. According to the existing evidence, the situation concerning the language and the employment in Canada has always been problematic. For instance, commenting on the situation in 2009, Monica Boyd (2009) emphasized that the problem of the immigrants’ integration into the society has increased several times due to the demographic changes: Today no one would dispute that immigration – particularly within the past twenty-five years – has had a significant impact on Canada’s landscape – both figuratively and literally. The proportion that is foreign born has steadily increased, and currently one out of five Canadians are foreign born. (1) Considering the abovementioned, one can easily understand the rights for the other cultures and the people speaking different languages must be somewhat infringed. Not knowing how to handle the great number of immigrants, the government is practically unable to suggest the former proper living conditions. In certain spheres, this problem appears to be the matter of life and death. Therefore, the problem described by Meyerhoff offered quite a number of subjects for further discussion. However, comparing the descriptions provided by Meyerhoff to the present-day situation, one can claim with certainty that the problem has not been tackled – moreover, it has grown, taking even more space and penetrating the most important spheres of human’s life. Towards Health Education across Language Barriers Among the numerous obstacles that non-English speakers encounter on their way to the employment in the sphere of healthcare, one of the most important and complicated ones is the language barrier. To be more precise, non-English speaking people cannot get access to healthcare, which means that great number of people is doomed to suffer from their health problems, various diseases and even physical and mental disparities due to the inability of accessing the healthcare service. Therefore, the problem appears to be rather complicated. According to what Buchman says, healthcare service is practically inaccessible to the people who do not speak English: “At present, a significant number of people in Canada do not speak or are not able to communicate sufficiently in, English or French when accessing health care” (6). There is no doubt that such situation poses considerable threat to the non-English speakers in Canada. In addition, Buchman warns, In particular, Canada bears a large number of new immigrants, many of whom speak neither French nor English, and some longer-term residents whose command of English or French is not strong enough to facilitate effective communication while accessing health care (6) Consequently, the foreigners in Canada experience extreme difficulties in getting efficient he
Introduction Undertaking a critical business analysis has long been established as a central component that fund managers and investors employ to identify the performance and competitiveness of an organization and, in effect, make critical decisions on whether or not to invest in a particular organization (Beenhakker, 1996). In this perspective, this report aims to conduct critical business analysis on the Bank of America, particularly in its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT), and in its stakeholder relations – both internal and external, to make important and well-informed decisions about whether or not to commit investment funds to this particular organization. A brief evaluation of the Bank of America’s background reveals that it is indeed “…one of the world’s largest financial institutions, serving individual consumers, small and middle-market businesses and large corporations with a full range of banking, investing, asset management and other financial and risk-management products and services” (Bank of America, 2006, p. 3). The organization avails unrivaled convenience in the United States, extending services to more than 55 million consumer and small-scale business relationships with more than 5,700 retail banking outlets, approximately 17,000 Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), and award-winning online banking products with more than 20 million customers as of December 2005 (Bank of America, 2006). SWOT Analysis Despite the challenges encountered by academics and practitioners in its use, SWOT (strengths; weaknesses; opportunities; threats) analysis remains a fundamental strategic tool for outlining the strengths and weaknesses of a company, particularly about making important business decisions and translating them into value prepositions that could then be used to comprehensively inform the organization’s as well the stakeholders’ strategic actions (Rinzinwanmo et al, 2009; Bank of America, 2006). Consequently, it can be argued that conducting a SWOT analysis on the Bank of America could provide useful insights that could be used to decide on whether to commit investment in this particular entity. Among its strengths, it can be argued that the Bank of America not only enjoys a leading market position in the United States and globally, but has managed to institute efficient banking policies to spur robust growth in core banking (Mariotti & Piscitello, 2010). The bank has also demonstrated a sound management and dividend policy, and an unparalleled product and service innovation, particularly in online banking (Tully, 2011). To build a compelling case for the company’s strengths, it is imperative to note that the Bank of America has a customer base in 175 countries around the world (Bank of America, 2006), is listed by Forbes as the 3 rd largest company in the world (Rinzi
William Shakespeare’s “The Tempest” has several characters that can be seen as “the bad guy”. Both Caliban and Antonio might seem as unpleasant but Caliban has his reasons, which could be understood while Antonio’s are much different. In the play, Antonio is Prospero’s brother but acts as a person who does not care about family and all he thinks about is greed and power. He will step over any obstacle to follow his own goals without paying attention to others. The first instance the audience experiences his character is when he hides his fear by blaming others. When he says: “Hang, Cur, Hang! You whoreson, insolent noisemaker…” (Shakespeare 9) it is made clear that he has no respect for others and considers himself the wisest person around. He focuses all his attention on the faults and mistakes that other people make without giving much consideration to his own actions. This shows that a person has no want or need to think about own character and instead, thinks about other people and ways of finding wrongdoings in their behavior. This sort of attitude is often exhibited by foolish and angry people who are unable to better themselves and so, they try lowering others to make their own individuality seem higher. Comparing to Caliban this is much different because for Caliban his island is his home and all he wants is to protect it. At the same time, he is made a slave and now belongs to Prospero. Anyone in his position would do the same, as he was used to enjoying a relative freedom whereas now, he has to serve, on his own island nonetheless. William Shakespeare creates a great contrast between Antonio and others by involving him in a plot to take over the ownership of the island and by his constant foolish, coward and selfish actions. The diminishing tone in which he speaks of other people is present throughout the play and gives the audience a constant look at his true character. Among other negative characteristics, Antonio is shown as being deceiving and conniving. The way he talks to Sebastian and persuades him to commit murder is another example of his character. He is very sneaky and knows how to reach his own goals over others’. The contrast is again made with Caliban where the latter is sensitive in his speeches about the island and its beauty. This shows that he also cares deeply about his some and has a sense of belonging to something outside himself. The story with Antonio is much different because all he cares about is his persona and wants everything for his egotistical individuality. A clear fact that he loves only himself can be seen when he states:   * And look how well my garments sit upon me;   * Much feater than before; my brother’s servants   * Were then my fellows; now they are my men. (Shakespeare 71). There is no doubt in the audience’s mind that all the tricks that Antonio thinks of are his own and he only expects to have all the riches to himself. Even though he seems to be friends with Sebastian, people like him can never respect others. The e
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that the facial expression depicted by people is related to the effective emotional response. This study involves two experiments designed as a correctional alternative to the earlier versions that were associated with ambiguities. The first experiment focuses on the efficiency of the procedures used for this experiment. Cartoons were used and the level of amusement measured under both the facilitating conditions and inhibiting conditions. The second experiment further validated the method used and was used to answer some of the important questions that had not been answered in the previous experiments. The findings propose that the effective response to a stimulus intensifies with the facilitation and softening of an expression. Introduction The influence of facial muscular activity has been the concentration of most research studies conducted regarding facial physiological responses. Most of these studies are based on the hypothetical theory forwarded by Darwin. In this theory, it is suggested when an individual is stimulated, his or her emotional response can either be reinforced or attenuated. However, this largely depends on whether or not it comes along with proper muscular activities. This has formed the backbone of the current facial feedback hypothesis (Clark, & Isen, 1982). Previous experiments conducted to investigate facial feedback hypothesis were done by making the participants portray facial expressions associated to specific emotions. These emotional responses were measured by attaching electrodes between the eyebrows of the participants. However, this method has limitations, especially the ambiguities that tend to affect the outcome of the experiment (Ekman, Levenson, & Friesen, 1983). For instance, the procedure followed for this experiment does not prevent the participants from understanding the fundamental purpose for the manipulation of the facial activities (Colby & Lanzetta, 1976). As such, the results obtained are rather subjective and therefore, an outcome of situational demands. In most instances, cartoons were used and the level of amusement in the participants was measured by focusing on the muscular responses that causes them to either smile or frown. As stated above, it was easier for the participant to understand the purpose for the experiment and therefore, comply with the expected outcome (Darwin, 1872). In another experiment, there was no manipulation of the facial expressions portrayed by the participants in the experiment. Participants were asked to do a modification of their normal emotional response to a particular stimulus during the suppression experiment (Higgins, Rholes, & Jones, 1977). The exaggeration experiment, on the other hand, required that the participants portray the exact facial expressional that properly represented the emotions of the stimulus they were experiencing. However, it is still evident that the experimental conditions did not allow participants to discriminate between physiological and cognitive mechanisms (Izard, 1977). As such, it is possible that recipients may have repressed their proper emotional response to
Introduction This section will be an overview of the essay. It will mainly entail general facts about fire. This includes the number of gas station fires that have occurred in the world, their possible causes, and the effects that such fires have had with regards to injury, loss of life, destruction of property, and health hazards. To be more specific, this part will critically analyze gasoline fires that have occurred in the United States of America. It will recap on the first fire that ever occurred in the history of the United States of America. This was the gas station fire that occurred in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1912. This incident will then be compared with more recent incidents that have occurred in the United States to determine their similarities and differences. The final part of this essay will be to state the possible causes of fires that occur in gas stations. Direct fire Direct fire will be the main cause of gas station fire that the essay shall concentrate on. Here, the possible causes of direct fire shall be discussed. This includes fire from cigarettes, kitchen fires, excessive heat, and any other factor that may result in the occurrence of direct fire. The essay will then focus on how to direct fire can result in the development of severe fires at a gas station. It will determine the possible faults that may lead to the development of fires, the potential risks that they may cause, and finally means through which such factors can be avoided. This will be achieved by critically analyzing relevant literature that has been written on causes of fires with special emphasis on American gas stations (Miles 22). Static fire This section will concentrate on the effects of static fires and the role they play in the occurrence of gas station fires. The first step of the essay will be to define what static fires are, identify its sources, and determine the potential risks that it poses to the community. After the definition of static fire, a list of the various causes of static fires shall be made. This includes electricity, cellular phones, the human body, and any other possible source. Due to the bulk of literature, this part will only concentrate on how cell phones and electricity may cause fires at gas stations. The chemistry behind the production of electrical sparks from cell phones due to their interactions with radio waves and how they may ignite gasoline shall be discussed. How electrical faults and sparks may ignite a fire in a gas station shall also be discussed. Finally, preventive measures will be discussed
Strengths Strong reputation The reputation of the business as the only restaurant that offers unique and best quality is amongst the strengths of Karam Pizza business. The reputation ensures increased clientele as well as helps in building the business brand loyalty. The strong reputation the business has built in the last three years will help it retain its customers. It will also aid the business gain the needed competitive edge. Outsized client base accruing from the operational environs The large pull of customers is a strength to the business. The customer base consists of the delivery businesses alongside the increasing number of the office workers. These large pools of customers will result into the increment in pizzeria sales revenues. This will eventually be used for its global expansion and growth. Quality foodstuff and remarkable menu choices Along with the provision of unique menu, the pizzerias are also committed to providing quality products to its customers. Given the fact that the competitors are capable of copying and introducing the pizzeria exceptional menu, the only way to set apart its food is through quality. This will make certain the customers sustainability. From the time when it was instituted, Karam Pizza has seen an incredible growth because of the extraordinary menu choices its clients have. Karam Pizza brings together an assortment of Italian and Indian cuisines. This amazing menu is amongst Karam Pizza’s biggest strength that augments its competitive advantage. Weaknesses Centered on producing particular food products Karam Pizza has various weaknesses. One of the weaknesses of the restaurant is that Karam Pizza is facing lack of diversification. The restaurant specializes just in one of its pooled cuisines. Different form its market competitors that have diversified offers, the restaurant only offers one best combination. This would lead the restaurant into losing its competitive edge across the global markets. This is because some independent competitors are adding favorite food items into their menus. Thus, they lure more customers in their restaurants compared to Karam Pizza. Inadequate financial resources Karam Pizza appears to lack funds and this is perceived as a hindrance to its rapid global expansion. Karam Pizza is just a mere one-shop restaurant but faces strong antagonism from other entrenched restaurants. As a result, Karam Pizza has not generated enough pool of capital to expand on its business and market operations. Moreover, the restaurant is not large enough to benefit from the economies of scale. Lack of enough capital or financial resources has a negative effect on its capacity to deliver services to its global clientele. Inability to service the arriving clientele The pizzeria limited, Karam Pizza’s capacity to service a large pool of walk
Introduction Orwell is an individual who was concerned about the correct usage of English language in politics and other areas of life. He notes with a lot of concern some very common mistakes that are made by politicians, professors and other people who use English in public. He particularly notes that most of the times, the politicians use sub standard English because they want to conceal something and therefore end up using vague language. In an attempt to reduce and eventually eradicate the incorrect usage of English grammar in both spoken and written works, Orwell suggests some set of rules that one could use. He however states that, even with the rules, it is still possible that one can make some mistakes but the mistakes would not be very bad compared to those that were made by some people in the texts that he uses as the sample of incorrect use of English language. Orwell’s standards In the first rule, Orwell says that one should avoid the use of common phrases for example metaphors which have been overused and other clichés. Phrases that have been used in various written works for a long time are especially discouraged. He also warns people to refrain from using long words and instead, try to look for shorter words which can serve the same purpose. The long words make the text unnecessarily complicated when it can be simplified by use of other words with the same meaning. Another rule is that one should choose their words carefully and use only the necessary words. If a word can be left out, then one should not include it in their writings or speech. By doing so, one is able to avoid being unclear because of including such words. The other common mistake that people make in language use is overuse of foreign or scientific terms when one can get other simpler words of the same meaning in English. Orwell says that such words should only be used when there is no other option, ot
Introduction When a person becomes a director, one makes a great step forward on his/her corporate ladder. This person receives a new status and can now influence the whole company and the lives of its employees. Being appointed by the shareholders, the director is expected to bring the organization to success through the decisions one makes. Still, it may be that this person fails to cope with the duties and becomes liable for the issues that happen within the organization, including the acts of fraud and mismanagement. This situation attracts much attention because an insolvent company that continues trading can be a great problem for the creditors. Depending on their law system, different countries have various legal mechanisms made to cope with these issues. For now, they all seem to have particular advantages and disadvantages, and no effective treatment exists. Lifting of Corporate Veil In the middle of the 19th century, incorporation by registration was designed, and the doctrine of limited liability occurred right after it. Soon both acts were affected by the case Solomon v. Solomon & Company the House of Lords, and a legal person was distinguished from the organization and its members. Thus, the understanding of the company as a separate entity occurred. Still, in some cases the veil between it and its director can be lifted to prevent misuse of the corporate form:   * Fraud. To reveal the motives of the fraudulent individual, find out if a contractual or legal obligation is evaded, consider the timing of the incorporation.   * Group enterprises. To reveal the economic realities.   * Agency. To discuss the relationship with the agent and find out if the director is in charge of its acts.   * Trust. To reveal under what circumstances the trustee holds the shares.   * Tort. To discuss public nuisance and libel (used only in Canada).   * Enemy character. To evaluate the nature of shareholding (used in the wartime).   * Tax. To disclose tax evasions (Sadhu 21). The lifting of the veil is supported in these cases by the UK Insolvency Act of 1986 that investigates the civil liability for fraudulent and wrongful trading along with other abuses. Fraudulent trading – 213 – If in the course of the winding-up of a company Fraudulent it appears that any business of the company has been carried on trading with intent to defraud creditors of the company or creditors of any other person, or for any fraudulent purpose… the court, on the application of the liquidator, may declare that any persons who were knowingly parties to the carrying on of the business in the manner above mentioned are to be liable to make such contributions (if any) to the company’s assets as the court thinks proper (“Insolvency Act” 115). Wrongful trading – 214 – …if in t