ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Bill Clinton was one among the many presidents of the United States of America. As a leader, Bill Clinton achieved many things which made him become a popular leader during his reign (Biography.com, 2011). This research paper will focus its discussion on the leadership of Mr. Bill Clinton, his major style of leadership, the numerous theories connected to his leadership and it will further highlight the lesson we as population can learn from his system of leadership. To have a good understanding of Bill Clinton, we shall have a review and a brief description of his biography in order to understand about the background of Bill Clinton right from the time he was born up to his time in power as the president to of US. Bill Clinton was born in August the year 1946 in the state of Arkansas where he was raised by his grandparents until the age of three years since he was born in a single family after the death of his father just before he born (Biography.com, 2011). During his stay with the grandparents, Bill Clinton learned a lot including; good discipline, reading and counting which he was taught by the grandfather who liked the young boy very much. During all this time, Clinton’s mother was at college and she only came back after graduating with a nursing degree and shortly moved in with Roger Clinton his newly wedded husband. During his childhood Bill Clinton was raised in a religious manner and was a devoted Baptist where he attended church services every Sunday. At the Baptist church, Bill became interested in music and he engaged a lot in the church music where he even learned how to play jazz saxophone which he continued playing up to high school (Biography.com, 2011). Al this particular time, Bill was used to the hard life such as harsh, abusive and rude stepfather due to excessive drinking. At the age of 14 Bill gained his ground and decided it was no more when he engaged his step father in a quarrel that consequently put a stop to the abusive behavior. However, not long after this incidence that the mother divorced with Roger Clinton. At high school, Bill used to play musical instrument and also engaged in political debates a factor that made his teacher Ms Mae Mackey to like him very much (Biography.com, 2011). At the age of 17, at Arkansas Boys state, Bill was selected as the representatives of the boys association due to his outstanding character giving him a wonderful opportunity to meet face to face with President John F. Kennedy at the state house. After high school, the youthful Bill attended Georgetown University where he got involved in university politics very much. After college he won a highly prestigious award for further studies at the Oxford
Annotation Leadership has been associated with influence in regard to shaping a team’s attitude and behavior, mainly with the aim of attaining goals. When an individual has influence as a trait, others view him as a leader. Agezo (n.d, p.261) emphasizes that leadership can only be present if there are people to be led. In addition, leaders are differentiated from managers due to the fact that leaders are able to influence and persuade their followers. Effective leaders should have wisdom that enables them to provide the right direction for others. For instant, in a school setting, effective leadership plays a vital role in influencing students in the achievement of their goals via conditions created in the school. The principle of credibility acts as the foundation for successful influence, since effective or ineffective influence strategy is determined by the credibility of a leader. People normally look up to their leaders as a sign of hope, trust and confidence such leaders have toward them. Therefore credibility is essential in leadership as deceit would destroy a leader’s reputation. Credibility is associated with competence, dynamism, and trust; whereby, competence signifies knowledge and expertise; therefore, a leader must be in a position to provide the needed skills when required. Trust is essential in the relationship between a leader and his followers, as it portrays the amount of confidence that people have on their leaders. Dynamic leaders inspire and encourage their followers to work extra hard in order to achieve certain goals. Principle of reciprocity emphasizes on co-operation with one another, whereby, people reciprocate a good deed to the person who provided them with a favour. For instance, when a leader assists a teacher or a parent in solving a problem, the leader can automatically depend on them when a situation arises. When an organization assists its members, those that benefit from it may feel indebted and will not hesitate when called upon (Agezo, n.d, p.264). The principle of attraction illustrates that one may be attracted to someone who dresses like hi/her, or has similar political views. Leaders can have an impact on their follower’s lives in the way they communicate and inspire others. When a leader has the best interest of people at heart, he will respect and treat them with dignity; such actions contribute towards attraction, which results to a leader’s influence. The principle of colleagueship involves listening and following of the leaders, as they respected and trusted icons. Distributed leadership
Death of Infants and Fate Infants possess the original sins that each person attains after birth. According to various religious beliefs from Christian communities, the practice of baptism cleanses those sins. Essentially, they can die with or without the sins depending on this practice. Technically, the personal sins are absent from them as they have not reached the age of accountability. In this light, the infants baptized through Christian faith are believed acceptable in heaven as they have no sins. However, those who die before baptism bring a controversy that churches like the Catholic Church do not clarify on their fate 1 . In respect to this controversy, theologians have a wide range of theories indicating that the infant’s souls are received in Limbo, which is believed to have absolute happiness or mildest punishment. It is, therefore, apparent that children who die before attaining individual consciousness can be sinful depending on whether they are not baptized. In answering the subject question, they are not primarily innocent of sin unless in the conditions stipulated within this paragraph. Christ and Infant Baptism Essentially, there are many Christianity-based arguments that support the baptism of infants. It has been argued that baptism is a practice for believers in which they protest their faith to other people. This argument implies that those who believe in Christ are his remnants through decision making. For instance, it has been indicated in Romans 6: 3-4 that, “all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness” 2 . A similar case is apparent in the book of Acts 2: 38. In this aspect, Peter relented to this attribute while preaching to the people, “repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit” 3 . It shows that baptism is a declaration of obedience to Christ, a vow of submission and forgiveness of sins. It, hence, dictates that the amended work of Christ has pertinent application to infants’ salvation since it declares baptism as a way of clearing their sins. Views In one sense, the infants possess a sin that restricts them from entering heaven as per the judgment of human beings. Critically, the infants have not performed sins like the adults. The responsibility of these sins is mediated by the parents or concerned religious bodies such as the Catholic Chur
Introduction In the beginning of the year 2007, the Chinese government increased its expenditure on military and over 45 million dollars was invested. According to experts, Beijing has always understated its defence budget by even over 50%. The budget is estimated to have increased considerably as over the past two years, Beijing has conducted some anti-satellite tests. This has raised concerns that the military growth of china could cause a threat in the area since it has not exposed much of its operations to the US foreign policy. The rapid growth of the Chinese economy and its increased and vigorous engagement in diplomatic issues within the region and the whole world at large is critical. This is what brings about the discussion of the peaceful rise that china has undergone to achieve very powerful status in the world economy and democracy. Furthermore, the pentagon has noted that China could be the only hegemony on the basis that it can challenge the unipolar power of the US. The two perspectives of China as a very good global economic associate and a military superpower are challenged by the military budget. Chinese Perspective of their Military The Chinese indicate that the increasing military investment is just a sign of economic prosperity and should not be taken as a security threat in the region despite that fact that China has the capacity to manufacture ballistic weapons (Chen & Feffer, 2009, p. 48). Basically the Chinese authorities affirm that the increased military expenditure and increased recruitment and training are only intended for the better and not for threatening the world. They site issues like better payments for their troops and so on. Critics, nonetheless critics dispute this with an argument that China immeasurably underreports what it spends in military (Chen & Feffer, 2009, p. 53). Furthermore the nation does not disclose why it has been acquiring innovative power-projections capacities that could transform the regional power balance. Determining which of the claims is actually correct is not an easy job. In the recent past, China has published reports of its yearly expenditure in defence budgets and offered justifications for the noted increased military allocation as part of its attempt to reduce the fears the rest of the world is having concerning its rise to dominance (Chen & Feffer, 2009, p. 53). However since these reports have figures that do not match what is expected by outside observers, there are many questions that arise than what the Chinese have to offer as their answers to the concerns (Chen & Feffer
Thesis Statement This report evaluates the Wal-Mart Stores. Thus, it explores the Company in terms of its low-cost strategy, product diversity and the high number of large physical stores. Using these capabilities, Wal-Mart has and continues to lead in the retail industry. The report, therefore, evaluates how these capabilities have enabled Wal-Mart to realize its mission of helping people save money to live better. This mission continues to drive everything that happens at Wal-Mart. Customers continue to trust the everyday low price strategy through which they are able to save their money. Wal-Mart’s Cost Advantage Supply Chain Advantage Wal-Mart successfully implemented an efficient supply chain management strategy in all its operations. Through this, the Company is able to lower cost of products while providing a highly competitive pricing for its consumers. Additionally, the efficient supply chain management strategy enables Wal-Mart to offer its customers the products they need where they need them. In purchasing, the Company managers use the system to find products they will sell and look for suppliers. Thereafter, they procure produ
Risk Factors in Relation to PESTEL and SWOT The risks highlighted in the risk register mainly overlap with the ones outlined in the PESTEL analysis. Uncertainty in estimation (costs, passenger flow, efficacy, revenue) can be seen as a primary concern. Environmental, economic, political, and legal environments are rather unstable, which is associated with diverse risks. At that, PESTEL is an efficient instrument to identify risks related to various spheres of life, including social, which enables investigators to come up with effective contingency plans (Hunziker, 2019). The risk register does not contain data regarding potential disapproval of the public and social unrest that can hinder the construction process leading to delays or even the termination of the work on the project. Based on the SWOT analysis, it is possible to identify the most serious risks that can lead to undesirable outcomes. The analysis of threats and weaknesses is instrumental in identifying risks, while the evaluation of strengths and opportunities is critical for the development of mitigation and contingency plans (Fleisher and Bensoussan, 2015). Reportedly, the considerable level of inflation in the rail sector has led to an increase in the project costs, which made the authorities consider different ways to keep to the agreed budget (Hallam, 2018). The potential outcomes of the project are still difficult to foresee,
Introduction In 2017, there have been 1579 serious data breaches, which have resulted in over 180 million records being exposed (“Annual Number”). The world’s largest hacking attacks, including the Chinese breach of Google in 2009, Office of Personnel Management Data Breech in 2014, presidential elections tampering in 2016, the WannaCry and Petya virus outbreaks in 2017, and the Equifax data breach, have managed to affect the lives of millions of people worldwide. This statistic represents the importance of cybersecurity in the 21st century (Patil, 1). Globalization had brought forth the unification of various information hubs into huge databases, which process and store data about mechanisms, processes, as well as day-to-day activities. One of the most prominent issues in modern cybersecurity is the slowness of adaptation to evolving cyber threats. With the promotion and expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the amount of labor required to conduct and perform updates is much greater than the amount of labor required to devise a new way around the protective grid (Jing et al., 2481). It is the reason why hackers remain one step ahead of cybersecurity software developers. Should a security breach happen, a culprit could steal valuable files, take control of a technological appliance, or cause harm in a multitude of different manners. This is a great threat to users, businesses, governments, and militaries around the world. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate potential avenues for cybersecurity to change from a reactive to a proactive approach against cyber threats. Literature Review There are two approaches to cybersecurity. One is proactive, based on actively seeking out potential breaches and selectively securing important assets, while the other is reactive, which is known as a perimeter defense. It is established by traffic control, firewalls, passwords and login sequences, and strict user control. It is what most companies use to keep their systems and databases safe. Benaroch (315) explores the possibility of establishing a more flexible system based on mitigation and active decision-making, which can significantly lower the costs of cybersecurity for an enterprise. The researcher proposes three types of active approaches to cybersecurity: mitigation interventions, prevention interventions, and learning interventions. Prevention interventions are conducted via standard means of protection such as antiviruses or firewalls, mitigation interventions include shutting off accesses to important data and repairing the damage one has been dealt with, and learning interventions include simulations of cyber-attacks to find ways of eliminating or reducing their chances of success. Technical and software necessities include base security measures, IDS, backup servers, and personnel training (Benaroch 332). Jing et al. (2481) analyze the vulnerability of mass-internet implementation technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT). According to the article, IoT does not have any uniform coding standards that would be used by the majority o
The resources presented in the module allow discussion of the future of epidemiology and its transformation to meet the emerging challenges of a new era. Brilliant (2006) emphasizes that it is possible to eliminate epidemiological threats, particularly infectious diseases, through early detection and response. New technologies such as big data can help scientists better understand the characteristics of viruses and diseases and reach wider populations (Khoury & Wei, 2015). Thus, more efficient data collection and analysis will allow epidemiologists to better understand the causes and patterns of infections and diseases, which will enable better detection. Additionally, technologies such as social media can help researchers respond more effectively to threats by monitoring global epidemiological threats and outbreaks (Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, 2016). In the future, epidemiology may adopt different tools to deal with diseases and viruses on a larger scale. While such an approach will allow for faster detection and response to threats, it is impossible to eliminate them completely. Thus, I do not agree that in the future, even the development of epidemiology can lead to the complete elimination of diseases. However, I believe that scientists will learn to respond more effectively to them with deeper knowledge, and with the help of technology, this aspect is likely to reduce mortality from various diseases and infections significantly. Aylward (2014) notes that complacency at this stage will be the greatest epidemiological threat. If all diseases are eliminated, humanity will not be able to respond in time to sudden and unexpected threats, which will lead to disaster. Thus, I think that in the future, it will be possible to eliminate global epidemiological threats such as pandemics, but local outbreaks will still occur.
Introduction The poem “model village” is written by Professor Carol Ann Duffy. Duffy was the first woman to be appointed British poet laureate. In this poem, the writer exposes the hidden secrets of the society that go unnoticed. The language presented or used in the poem sounds like an adult having a conversation with a little child. (Michelis 222) In the poem “model village,” Duffy uses dramatic and descriptive stanzas to show how individuals are complex. Looks are deceptive and an individual cannot be judged based on looks. The language used in the poem sound like, an adult is explaining the details of a model village to a child and the voices in the poem represent a village community. (Michelis, 214) This essay will focus on giving an in depth discussion or explanation of the poem “model village” which is written by Carol Ann Duffy. There will also be a criticism of the poem’s negative aspects like revenge and condemning the church unjustifiably. Revenge Our present society is filled with a lot of social vices and it is very important to imbibe good values into the younger generation. Revenge is a very negative attitude that should never be encouraged in the society regardless of the circumstances. If a mother stops her daughter from marrying a particular man, she has a very good reason for her actions. The mother’s actions are in the best interest of the daughter. Also, been unable to marry a particular man that a lady loves is not a yardstick to kill her mother or commit murder. Besides killing her mother will not enable her marry the man she supposedly loves. (Michelis, 312) For whatever reasons, murder is an offence and it should be discouraged at all times. But the poem seems to encourage this dastard and evil act instead of condemning it out rightly. (Michelis, 612) The Church Apart from the story of the frustrated spinster who committed murder under the flimsy excuse of love, the poem also paints a negative picture of the church. Just like every other place in the world, the church is also filled with good and evil. But the good in the church supersede and outshines the evil in the church. A more positive picture of the church would have been presented due to the fact that, the church serves as a model to a lot of people. Also, instead of using the act of a single man and his lustful desires to condemn the church, it would have been more appropriate if the author had shown how responsible and inspirational the church has been. The vicar and the choir mistress are not the only people who make up the church
Executive Summary This project will analyse findings of an investigation on how PGL, a freight company, employs deferent aspects of motivational aspects to maintain its efficacy in maintaining optimum organizational performance. Organizational performance depends on the efficacy and competency of each employee of the organization who collectively form the organization. Employees depend on a right combination of stimuli to be effective. Management is mandated with the task of motivating employees and this depends on the knowledge and execution method of the management practice. The main tasks of management include reducing employee turnover in the company to retain the organizational knowledge that is important for its competitiveness. With this retrospection, managers seek to deploy the best stimuli strategy that will keep their employees motivated and committed to the organization for a long-term. The project will use the Decision Making Process as a methodology. This approach has eight distinctive stages namely problem identification, identification of decision criteria, allocation of weights and criteria, development of alternatives, analysis of the alternatives, selection of alternatives, implementation of alternatives and evaluation of the decision process. The project will have primary and secondary data categories. Primary data will comprise interview records. The interviews shall be in depth and will be complemented by questionnaires and personal observations. Secondary data shall be obtained from a literature review study, company records, and theories on motivation available offline and online on the intern