ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Geriatrics is a private branch of gerontology that deals with the study, prevention, and treatment of diseases of old age. Some diseases are often observed precisely in the elderly. For example, Alzheimer’s disease is usually found in older people. The phenomenon of aging refers to all morphological, biochemical, functional, and mental changes that occur during the life of an organism. These are gradually developing and irreversible changes in the structures and functions of a living being. However, a certain degree of disparity in the healthcare industry can be observed, where the geriatric population has unequal access to essential services. Historically, the Older Americans Act (OAA) was designed to fund critical aspects of geriatric care. However, it was expired, and currently, it is signed by the president, but the bill was not enacted (“Older Americans Act,” 2020). The primary purpose and the potential outcome of the OAA are to fund several services, such as transportation, caregiver support, health promotion, senior centers, job training, and meals. Therefore, the current policy goal is to enact the Older Americans Act to allow senior citizens to have relatively equal access to healthcare as other demographic groups. In psychiatry, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dentistry, surgery, urology, and other areas of medicine, there are scientific and practical problems that are associated with geriatrics. There are specialized geriatric and gerontology centers that provide versatile medical care to patients of older age groups. The geriatric center and nursing home should not be confused. While the nursing home is a social institution and may not provide medical services, the geriatric center is a medical institution. To obtain the status of a geriatric center, an institution must have a license to provide medical services, including in the field of geriatrics. The majority of patients visiting polyclinics are elderly and senile. The satisfaction of the medical needs of this age group
Introduction: The Importance of Being a Leader People have always been split in two categories, namely those leading and those following. Despite the common idea of the essence of leadership, the qualities of a leader are not inherited, but can be developed. Because of the versatility of people’s spheres of activity, the skills of a leader can be valuable even for those who are not apt to making decisions and taking active steps. Therefore, the importance of obtaining the necessary skills is beyond any reasonable doubt. However, to reach the high proficiency level in using one’s leadership skills with the maximal effect, one requires considerable practice. Thus, analyzing the outcomes of the practice and driving the conclusions concerning the development of the individual’s leadership skills, one can drive certain scheme of the further steps towards obtaining the necessary skills of a leader. The first and the foremost step for me to take before starting to develop the skills of a leader was to analyze the results of the personality test that I had taken. This would highlight the key aspects that I would have to work further on and inform me in the strengths and the weaknesses that I possessed. Thus, incorporating the existing theories concerning the process of learning, one can figure out the most efficient way of obtaining leadership skills. Taking into account the specifics of the research conducted, pone has to admit that it would be the most reasonable to evaluate it basing on Cattel and Kine’s personality factors and Myers-Briggs type indication (Brooks, 2006). Two of the most impressive descriptions of learning styles together with all-embracing theoretical basis prove the best means to assess the progress made. Through the Prism of Experience: Evaluating the Outcomes Considering the learning outcomes, I must admit that the experience that I have obtained met the expectations quite well. With help of the theory of management, it became possible to predict both the general and the specific results of the experiment. However, it must be still marked that the reality was strikingly different from the theoretical background that I had received before. It is worth mentioning that the predictions made were based mostly on Robbins’ (2010) ideas and theories. In terms of the SMART objectives, the given experience proved to correspond to the SMART requirements completely. Developing a learning plan during my work in the Tragus service as a waitress was quite easy. Indeed, the chosen job encouraged the development of the SMART requirements in the most effective way and helped to gain the necessary knowledge. One of the most crucial moments concerning my job was the
The phonological process refers to sound pattern errors, which learners of a language make when vocalizing new dialects, such as when children learn how to speak or when adults begin mastering second languages. The process is exhibited in multiple ways, such as assimilation, where consonants of another word are likened to other similar expressions. Similarly, cluster reduction occurs when the initial syllable is dropped from particular words or the last consonant is omitted in pronunciation (Sung, 2018). In some cases, reduplication is practiced, while in others, long sounds are replaced with shorter alternatives. Finally, velar fronting occurs when certain sounds are indiscriminately mistaken for others, and weak syllables are removed from a word. The specific issue with Korean speakers of English concerning the phonological process involves the overbearing nature of the first language on the second one. Notably, the Korean vocabulary consists of a substantially varying set of sound inventories, establishing sound patterns and conflicting pitches. Accordingly, Korean natives who strive to learn the English language are riddled with pronunciation snags at the onset of their learning process (Sung, 2018). In the process, there are fundamental socio-economic implications in a globalized world when one fails to communicate with a fluent English speaker properly. Fundamentally, the hurdles in pronunciation hamper a person’s ability to appeal to people outside their local realms with profound occupation, communication, and business needs is lost. The language feature aids learning by making the process more accessible, and upon learning, it becomes a natural ability. Given that the process is imitated by children learning to speak, it allows the learners to grow into the second language seamlessly until they finally master the new sound patterns. Some of the focus areas include the duration one has taken while strictly speaking the Korean language, which complicates the new learning exercise. The long spell of speaking a native language has far-reaching implications for a learner’s pronunciation skills in the English language. Besides, the accent is a principal area of attention, as outlined by consonantal phonology dictating the manner of delivering intonations (Sung, 2018). Moreover, the multi-linguistic features reveal Korean speakers’ inclination to align with their native coronal assimilation at the second language’s expense. Furthermore, the influences of nasal assimilation and prolonged introduction of the English language to native Koreans further complicate their capacity to grasp proper pronunciation patterns. The background of the
Introduction In the modern world characterized by ever-changing lifestyles, Advanced Nurse Practitioners (APNs) play a pivotal role. In effect, APNs need to have the requisite expertise that helps them provide high-end services to patients. Notably, exceptional service quality is a factor that differentiates service delivery in health facilities. Some of the core competences, which nursing practitioners need to possess include those provided by the National Organization for Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF). Practically, NONPF has nine core competencies focused on ensuring that the quality of services delivered in healthcare facilities is exceptional and satisfactory. In the quest to ascertain the essence of expertise in the field of healthcare, I interviewed with an APN, who has worked in several hospitals as a Certified Nursing Practitioner (CNP). They need to interview a qualified nursing practitioner emanated from the fact that I wanted valid, reliable, and practical information that could foster my understanding of the concepts of NONPF. It is within this backdrop that the essay undertakes an interview to examine the core competences of NONPF and the roles of APNs. Description of the Nine NONPF Nurse Practitioners Core Competencies During the interview with Ikemefuna Nonso, who was the selected interviewee, we discussed the nine NONPF core competences and their essence in the field of healthcare. Ethics, policy, practice inquiry, leadership, as well as technology and information literacy are some of the NONPF competencies discussed. Other competencies include independent practice, health delivery systems, scientific foundation, and quality. Apparently, a combination of the nine competencies leads to the development of a practical framework that facilitates efficient and high quality of services. In the perspective of Ray, Staples, and Hannon (2016), a good understanding of the core components provided by the NONPF for nursing practitioners enables APNs to deliver services that match patient requirements. As such, it is important to ensure that nurses not only understand the core competencies of NONPF but also apply them in their operations. Scientific Foundation Competence: Scientific foundation is a competence that incorporates science and its findings into the health sector. Fundamentally, the health sector has a close relationship with the field of science. Hamric, Hanson, Tracy, and O’Grady (2014) elucidate that scientific foundation competence facilitates the collection of scientific information useful in improving the quality of healthcare. Therefore, findings from the field of science can have a significant influence on t
Emile Durkheim is one of the greatest sociologists and his work has contributed a lot in the discipline of sociology. Because of his outstanding contribution, Emile Durkheim is considered as the father of sociology 1 . The work of Durkheim was mainly concerned with social integration 2 . According to Durkheim, there is a need to maintain social integration and coherence. This will allow the society to move forward. Towards the end of the 19 th century, Durkheim studied suicide; he conducted a research to determine a number of factors that caused suicide in the society. The study of suicide by Durkheim transformed sociology and the discipline became distinguished from psychology and philosophy 3 . Up to date, Durkheim’s work is still relevant in the modern society and his studies are practical in today’s world. This paper will discuss Durkheim’s integration theory (which is about suicide) as it seeks to understand the social causes of suicide in the society. Social causes of suicide According to Durkheim, suicide is “the most personal act” an individual can ever do 4 . Durkheim was interested in studying suicide because he wanted to distinguish the discipline of sociology from other subjects like psychology, political science, and philosophy. This is because other disciplines especially psychology had studied the causes of suicide. For that reason, Durkheim began his research to explain the social causes of suicide. To begin with, Durkheim did an extensive study of past literature. He developed a theory to explain suicide using previous studies and applying common sense/ creativity. In his theory, Durkheim argued that the greatest weakness in the society is lack of integration 5 . According to him, social integration is necessary for a society to move forward. Durkheim also argued that lack of regulation in the society was another major cause of suicide in the society. He urged all societies to adopt regulation (norms, culture, believes, ethics, and values) in order to function properly. After studying the rates of suicide in the society, Durkheim analyzed the most common social causes of suicide. He classified suicide into four major categories as follows (a) altruistic suicide, (b) fatalistic suicide, (c) egoistic suicide, and (d) anomic suicide 6 . In each category, Durkheim listed the social causes associated with it. One of the major causes of suicide according to Durkheim is lack of integration in the society 7 . Durkheim said lack of integration is the major cause of social collapse. He concluded that lack of unity/togetherness in the society resulted in a high number of suicide cases. Durkheim provided an example of unmarried men. He said that unmarried men were committing suicide at a high rate because they were less integrated in the society. Suicide rates according to Integration Theory and regulatory func
Introduction The involvement of nursing staff in the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is an important aspect of maintaining high performance in medical settings. Ignoring nurses as contributors to the development of these systems, in turn, is fraught with negative consequences for the quality of care since junior medical personnel has the necessary knowledge and skills to apply. This paper aims to assess the implications of neglecting nursing involvement in this process, provide examples of the positive outcomes of engaging healthcare personnel, and discuss the personal experiences of involvement in the SDLC. The Consequences of Ignoring Nurses’ Participation in the SDLC Failure to involve nurses in each stage of the SDLC when purchasing and implementing a new system is fraught with poor coordination between management and staff, which, in turn, can make the optimization process ineffective. According to McGonigle and Mastrian (2017), junior medical personnel is involved in several organizational tasks, including planning, evaluating, and implementing the necessary work strategies. If any optimization solutions are discussed without nurses, these solutions may be irrelevant or illogical in the context of the current operating environment of a particular medical department. Louis (2011) cites different implications of misunderstandings between stakeholders when implementing the SDLC into a workflow and notes that desired outcomes may not match the actual results. Therefore, nurses are stakeholders involved in every stage of implementation to avoid wasting money and drawing up operationally unjustified work strategies. Issues During the Implementation of the SDLC Implementing the SDLC can be challenging due to inadequate planning and evaluation. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (n.d.b), the impact on both administrative and clinical practice should be considered. In the planning phase, insufficient tasks may be allocated, and the involvement of nurses is a potentially valuable solution to define the functionality of the SDLC to cover the required objectives. The design phase implies compiling an operational framework, but valuable options can be missed, which can also be solved by engaging nursing staff to define the spectrum of tasks. The implementation stage can be accompanied by challenges to assess the multitasking of the SDLC, and nurses can act as contributors to define specific steps to take. Testing is a mandatory phase, but due to the insufficient training of responsible personnel, gaps in the assessment can be allowed. Nurses are aware of performance measures to adhere to and can identify pitfalls and mistakes (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, n.d.a). Finally, maintenance can be challenging due to the incompetence of individual operators, and nurses can advise on the most vulnerable aspects of the SDLC. The Personal Experiences of Involvement in the SDLC I have already participated in the assessment and testing of the SDLC in my nursing practice. Along with col
Pink Floyd is one of the largest in the history of modern music groups, for over 30 years they created their own musical world in which you can find the elements of almost all contemporary directions – from the ambient to the nu-metal. The group was formed in London based on a student group, which in mid-1960’s played by Waters, Rick Wright and Nick Mason. In 1965, they were joined by Barrett. In the early years the leader was Sid Barrett (real name, Roger Barrett). This team, like many other British groups of that time, served as the rhythm-and-blues in the spirit of «Rolling Stones» and ever-changing names: Sigma-6, Meggadeaths and Abdabs. With the advent of Barrett, the new name The Pink Floyd Sound, composed of the names of two American blues singers – Pink Anderson and Floyd Council. The first few years most of the repertoire of classic blues group accounted for and rhythm-and-blues songs, against which Barrett has developed the unusual guitar technique. The group as a whole is gradually becoming more visible and popular on the London stage. At the insistence of a group manager, Jenner, Barrett wrote more his own songs. In March 1967 the first single of group Arnold Layne, which won 23 seats in the British hit parade, but caused a small scandal in the press and on radio because of the content. Song told about a man who stole clothes at night. The second single See Emily Play, summer 1967, was even more successful and reached the 6th place of the British hit parade. But at that time a group emerged the complications because of Sid Barrett. The musicians later explained that the problems that have arisen because of the free and peculiarities of its fragile nature of creative, protesting against all kinds of commercial games and rules, due to the fact that he abused the drug LSD. Nevertheless, in August 1967, they issued a long-playing debut album, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, which has become a sensation in England. Free sounds, offbeat style of play Barrett, wonderful melodies and strange texts produced a strong impression. But the group remained in crisis. Musicians invited guitarist (David Gilmour). Some time Gilmour and Barrett spoke of «Pink Floyd» together, but in 1968 Barrett left the group, and Gilmour was the only guitarist of the group. They managed to get out of the crisis quickly; in 1968 the
Introduction Diagnostic surveys can be described as ways that are used to look into organizations’ functionalities to evaluate them to find out how they work and where they can be corrected to come up with the best ways of doing business within the organization. Most organizations have a systematic way of working under which communication within the organization happens. The staff members have created a working relationship that brings about monotony within the organization. This aspect defines what most organizations imply when they state, ‘This is how we do it.’ Routine is usually monotonous, thus bringing repetitive results without any room for improvement. Therefore, in their pursuit for better results, the organization will try to find out where to improve and hence the need for organizational diagnosis as a way of pointing out where there is any need for change together with the specific change as addressed by various theories such as the Burke- Litwin model. Diagnostic Surveys Diagnostic surveys are usually done in organizations as a way of evaluating the different functions that might need or not need any change in the end. Different models employ different approaches that the developers of the models believe they can attain the desired results. At the same time, organizations employ different approaches towards diagnosis with some organizations taking the self-diagnosis approach while others contract consultants to do it for them (Alderfer, 1980, p. 60). There are different stages involved during diagnosis. They include the entry stage, data collection stage, and the feedback stage. The entry stage determines the unit factors of the organization that will be used to do the diagnostic. It identifies the persons, groups, or departments that will be used to find the benchmark in terms of the organization’s performance. The second stage is data collection. Data collection involves collecting information that can be analyzed to obtain meaningful findings that can be relayed to the client as feedback. Falletta (2008) states, “In this instance, diagnosis should be done by an outsider who will strive to understand how the organization works and do a thorough analysis without bias (p. 16). The third phase of diagnosis is the feedback stage where the client is given the feedback of the whole process. At this stage, the client is handed the findings from the consultant who will have come up with an opinion about the organization. As stated above, change interventions are meant to rejuvenate the organization in the way it works to make it achieve more objectives than before. In the business world, change interventions are meant to come up with operational methods that will make the business more competitive to survive in the world of competition. Diagnosis is meant to bring about change. However, it should not be taken as planned change because all it strives to do is to take a critical look at how the organization is made up to point out the areas that can be improved for the best of the organization. The Burke-Litwin model has been hailed as one of the greatest diagnostic models