ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Case background The case is a civil action and, hence, falls under the civil law in Canada. It falls under the civil law because it involves a dispute between people. The dispute concerns bodily injuries sustained after a fall from the action of another person. The man can bring a civil action to the court to demand a remedy for the bodily injuries he suffered after Bertha pushed heavily into the street, he fell on the parking meter and injured his head. The plaintive The plaintive is the man who suffered the head injury after he fell on the parking meter after being pushed by Bertha, the employee of The Happy Hour Sports Bar. The man can sue Bertha and her employer and file a pleading for compensation against the injury he suffered. The definitive The definitive in the civil action are Bertha and her employer. They must defend themselves against the accusation the man may bring upon them in a court of law. The claim The man can make a claim of compensation for the head injury he got after Bertha pushed him into the street and he fell on the parking meter. He may require Bertha and her employer to remedy him for the cost of treating the injury. Problem in the case The man in the case is obviously intoxicated and demands to buy beer. Bertha declines the request and advises him to go home. He becomes angry and raises his voice prompting Bertha to put an arm lock and a headlock on him. The man breaches the contract by causing a scene at the bar and interrupting the other customers. Hence, his claim about the behavior of the bar’s employee is problematic. On the other hand, the bar employee was keeping the order in the bar by refusing to sell beer to an already intoxicated man who threatened to hit him. Plaintive argument Bertha used excessive force to kick him out of the bar. The aggressiveness of the bar employee caused him to sustain serious head injuries. He made the man suffer and wanted both Bertha and her employer to compensate him. The man thinks that Bertha should have been gentle with him even if he has had to evict him from the bar. The heavy push to the street was not necessary and showed how aggressive the bar employee was with a patron. Definitive argument The man was being disorderly in the bar premises and, hence, Bertha took action of declining to sell beer to him and offered to call a cab for him. After he refused to take Bertha’s offer and insisted on getting the beer, she took the appropriate step of evicting him from the bar but he refused to comply and returned. Thus, she was forced to escort him to the door to ensure he left the premises and, hence, her action was within the law as provided in Canada’s Liquor Act that allows a disor
Introduction “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin and “Hills Like White Elephants” by Ernest Hemingway will be discussed in this essay. The two stories from these renowned authors were written close to the beginning of the twentieth century, placing them within the same political influences of the past. They explore the topic of the position of women in a relationship at the beginning of the twentieth century from a different point of view, which adds value to their joint analysis. This essay provides a comparison of these two stories, exploring the similarities and differences in the authors’ approach to the issue to show that the nature of this interaction was toxic for women. Main body The misunderstanding is apparent in both stories, and the authors emphasize this fact. The inability of Jig’s partner to follow through with her implications tires her to the point when she simply asks the American to stop talking (Hemingway 232). In Chopin’s story, the reason for Louise’s abrupt death was a swift change in her emotional state that caused her heart condition to worsen (Chopin 2). However, the conclusion of doctors is cruelly ironic, as they explained it as sudden joy, while, in truth, it was the rapid loss of it. Both authors make this fact clear to a reader, while the characters of the stories are left in ignorance. To truly comprehend the intention of these stories, it is essential to explore the range of emotions experienced by Jig and Louise. In Chopin’s story, Louise expresses her relief, stating that “there would be no powerful will bending hers,” as she realizes that with the death of her husband, she can live for herself (2). The author discusses the fact that love might not be worth it if its cost is a sacrifice of one’s self-identity. In Hemingway’s plot, this notion is less clearly stated, although it remains at the surface. Through Jig’s words, the author shows the failure of such a relationship when she concludes that “that’s all we do, isn’t it—look at things and try new drinks” (230). Her dismissal is the final attempt to prevent this irritating dialogue, and it points toward an inevitable breakup. Both Hemingway and Chopin approach the topic of the communication barrier between men and women from the position of criticism. Dialogue
Introduction When socialist life began in Russia, the narodniki (a small group who were devoted and intellectual) went to Daron so that they could destroy Tsarist autocracy and release the oppressed slaves. They wanted to remove capitalist development and many involved in violence had hoped to destroy Tsarism by use of bombs. Those who opposed this idea were called Marxists and believed that a proletarian movement would take power in the country and control all the works and later lead a socialist revolution. In 1877 there was war between Turkey and Russia, which made the Marx excited because they hoped for Tsar to defect but they were disappointed when the Russian government defeated Turkey. Marx was concerned with the land ownership in the country and communally owned peasant land. Before this young max in Germany edited a newspaper that supported democratic liberty, he moved to Paris where he experienced socialist movement and vibrant working class. He went to England where he studied the capitalist economy. Through this experience he developed a democracy and socialism as a way forward. (David, 2005) He believed that there would be no full democracy in a society where workers were exploited by the employers. He said that this would lead to division. He believed that the capitalist utilization of economy would make their political life dominate. For full democracy, he argued that there should be no division in the society and after that everyone would be able to participate in the political affairs and social life. For this he opposed the curtailing of democracy as suggested by some socialists and communists. He also opposed communism which destroys personal freedom, those who want to turn the world into one huge barrack or gigantic workhouse and he assumed that only freedom would be found in a social order. He believed that in social life, freedom would be found only if people liberated themselves, the masses of people were to struggle on their own and this freedom should not be handed to working class but to the oppressed. This was evidenced when he wrote a statement aiming the first international working men’s Association. The emancipation of the working class must be conquered by the working class themselves. Marx insisted that majority force which is in the society can only bring socialism into existence. He said that the modern working classes are to be pushed first for social goals. Through the study of economics and English, he concluded that the capitalism oppressed the employees. For liberation the employees had to be at a common pace. The employees had to recognize the economic situation of the society and work together. The factories, mills, offices and mines were to be under their control and this would bring wealth to them. This would be achieved if only the management was under the working class. (David, 2005) The collective society would bring out the political democracy. His report had some impact on Paris in 1871 where they formed the worker state of democracy. The workers of the Paris fought the Russian army and took control of the city for two months. T
Executive Summary It is no longer business as usual since the information technology field started making leaps after the invention of the World Wide Web. Technologies such as YouTube and Facebook have henceforth emerged and they are influencing business activities in a big way. YouTube has turned from a mere entertainment channel to a promising advertisement avenue, more so due to its availability to the public for free. YouTube has millions of viewers worldwide and businesses can tap it to advertise their products widely. The technology is opening up advertisement opportunities for small business enterprises among other tapped and untapped opportunities. Facebook on the other hand has created an avenue for social advertising. This comes with the benefit of customizing advertisements and reaching masses due to its open accessibility and widespread availability. These two technologies still have a place in the future as they are yet to mature fully and enhance their features comprehensively, all to the advantage of businesses. Introduction Emerging technologies in the information technology field are undoubtedly changing the way business is conducted in the modern world. The advertising industry is particularly positively impacted by these emerging technologies. Two of the most influential and promising technologies in this age are the YouTube and Facebook, a social website. These two information technology innovations have turned from entertainment and social tools into very promising advertising avenues that businesses can tap and increase their awareness in a tremendous way that defies the traditional advertising avenues. This paper discusses the enormous potential that YouTube offers as a tool for influencing business, given that it is a widespread tool that is open to the public. Banking on the massive numbers of people who visit YouTube, this technology can be productively tapped by businesses. The paper also discusses the significance of Facebook in making a business known to as many people as are available in the social site. Moreover, the paper highlights on the advantages of customizing advertisements based on the wealth of information presented in Facebook profiles. YouTube YouTube provides the largest online platform for users to share videos and communicate with each other. Nowadays, YouTube is no not restricted as an entertaining tool to public, but also an increasingly widespread marketer and promoter for business. The website attracts over 60 million visitors monthly across the globe. The way YouTube is used in business influence business The impact of social media on business is remarkable and companies use YouTube to market their business through their own Channel. Users can upload the videos to their channel on YouTube and the more people visit, the popular their site will be. Consequently companies who are promoting their business will get more exposure opportunities. YouTube is also used for creating advertis
Introduction Uranium (U) is normally used in nuclear reactors where it helps in producing energy. The element naturally occurs in rocks with a concentration of 4 ppm. In the earth’s crust, it normally occurs as tin, tungsten, or molybdenum. It can also be recovered from the ocean as well as in sea water. Uranium was first discovered in 1789 by a German chemist called Martin Klaproth. Uranium has a high density and this characteristic makes it suitable for use in the keels of yatch and in radiation shielding. In addition, it is the heaviest naturally occurring element. In fact, it is 18.7 times denser than water. Uranium has isotopes that differ from each other in terms of the number of uncharged particles called neutrons in the nucleus. Naturally occurring uranium is a mixture of two isotopes namely uranium-238 and uranium-235. Uranium-235 is economically important because it can readily be split to release a lot of energy. This isotope is also fissile. Both U-238 and U-235 are capable of decaying. However, U-238 decays so slowly and its half-life is the same as the age of earth. This implies that it is less radioactive. U-235 decays faster relative to U-238. The nucleus of U-235 has 92 protons and 143 neutrons. When its nucleus captures a moving neutron, it splits into two and in the process releases energy in form of heat. In the process, two or three additional neutrons may be thrown off. A fission chain reaction can result when the expelled neutrons cause nuclei of other U-235 atoms to split (World Nuclear Association, 2011). Uranium Mining Uranium mining in the United States is basically done in all the states. These include Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, to mention but a few. Despite
Introduction Europeans easily defeated all of Africa and managed to separate Africa into minor colonies. A colony is a section of the continent managed by one particular European state. For instance, England managed colonies such as Rhodesia; France controlled nations such as Algeria; Under Imperialism, there were many different types of colonies. This included plantation, settler, occupation and entrepot (Tiffin & Ashcroft 2002). This paper will discuss plantation and settler colonies. It will compare and contrast the experience of empires in plantation and settler colonies. In the original imperialism stages, the Europeans aim was to triumph over new lands so as to obtain raw materials which were not accessible in their home country. They also aimed at winning new people to Christianity. Following industrialization, imperialism of the whites has changed; Imperialists during the post- industrial period looked for raw materials to supply to the factories of the natives while looking for new market places for their already produced goods. This imperialism led to the development of real empires and no empire, however was effectively enough to starve off the penetration of the whites. By the year 1850, the new imperialism established a contest to develop empires overseas (Morgan & Hawkins 2006). Discussion Colonialism is the occupation and management of one country by another. The European nations have colonized many world areas for the preceding years. Plantation and settler colonies are two distinct means through which the Europeans developed colonies in the Americans. These were founded on their rationale for colonization. The French established plantation colonies since they were concerned in doing business for furs with the indigenous Americans. Britain was in need of raw materials for its industries in the United Kingdom. They, therefore took immense territories of land for cultivation and to use in their industries. They established plantation colonies to satisfy their wants. The British also needed to establish colonies for settlers to arrive and develop new cities that would be governed by the mother nation and pay duties to Britain. These were known as settler colonies (Tiffin & Ashcroft 2002). Colonial rule however, differed in distinct ways; the treatment of the indigenous Americans was also different in the varying colonies. The British pressed the resident Americans out of their way to establish the settler and plantation colonies. The French on the other hand, treated their resident Americans well and developed these colonies besides River Mississippi so as to trade moderately (Morgan & Hawkins 2006). Settler colonies were the first colonies; in these colonies, many Europeans migrated to Africa and stayed in colonies. It involved the whites and blacks staying and working subsequently. Plantation colony is an early system of colonization; settlers were planted overseas so as to develop a l
Introduction The Norman Conquest refers to the invasion of England by the Normans in the year 1066. Norman conquerors came from a province formerly in northwestern France called Normandy. The invasion happened under the leadership of Duke William II and William the conqueror (Thomas, 2008). The English people staged several attacks on the Normans with an aim to resist the invasion on their land. However, the strong leadership of the Normans led England to succumb to the pressure. The Norman Conquest had several consequences on the English people and their culture. The consequences were the elimination of an elite group from the society, expatriation of people from their native land, and the introduction of new governance systems. Others included the development of language, high rate of immigration, and intermarriages between the two groups. The Norman invasion marked a crucial time in the development of the English language. The conquest resulted in the development of two categories of the English language called the Old English and Middle English (Thomas, 2008). Old English refers to the language used before the Norman Conquest, while the Middle English refers to the language used after the conquest following the addition of numerous French vocabularies. The main difference between the two categories is the grammatical elements and the collection of words (Butcher, 2013). The conquest also influenced the development of sound and structure elements of the English language. The Norman Conquest resulted in a complete transformation of the English language. Discussion The Norman conquerors arrived in England towards the end of the 11th Century. In the year 1066, some crucial events that led to the development of the modern English language occurred in England (Thomas, 2008). The Norman conquest of the English language occurred during this year. In the year 1066, Edward was elevated to be the King of England, while Godwin became his counselor. At the time, Godwin was the earl of West Saxon. He later died and was replaced by his son Harold. An earl was a British royal who ranked below marquees and above a viscount. King Edward died in 1066 without having a child. Harold repla
Principles of Business Excellence Business excellence is not a new phenomenon in the business world. The concept is not unique to businesses. Business excellence is an aspect of the operations of many organizations. It stems from the desire to stand out from crowded marketplaces and the need to meet stakeholder expectations. Several excellence models exist in the modern world. This paper examines the excellence model used by the Prime Healthcare Organization. In particular, the paper examines the impact of the Dubai Quality Award to the operations of Prime Healthcare Group. The first section of the paper contains an overview of Prime Healthcare Group. The section looks at its scope of operations, and the excellence awards attained by the company. The second section examines the Dubai Quality Award. This section deals with the content of the model, its processes, and its management. The third section of the paper deals with a critical examination of the excellence model. This section focuses on the evaluation of the perceived strengths and weaknesses of the model. The last section deals with the benefits of the model for the organization. In particular, the section looks at the benefits of the model to the business processes, service delivery, profitability, and brand recognition of the organization. Overview of the Prime Healthcare Group The Prime Healthcare Group is one of the largest healthcare providers in the UAE. Prime Healthcare Group prides itself in the provision of high quality healthcare for UAE residents. The company has over 650 staff members across all cadres (Prime Healthcare Group 2013). The organization also attracts patients from other countries who are seeking for medical attention in the UAE. Medical Centres The Prime Healthcare Group has several medical facilities located in different parts of the UAE. The locations of the health centres operated by the organization are in the table below. 1  Deira              2  Jumeirah           3  Al Qasimia Sharjah 4  Sheikh Zayed Road  5  Mirdiff            6  Bur Dubai          7  Abu Dhabi          8  Al Nahda Sharjah    Table 1: Locations of health centres operated by the Prime Healthcare Group. Services The operational model of the Prime Healthcare Group consists of five main service outlets. First, the organization plans to start operating the Prime Hospital. The Prime Hospital is an inpatient facility due to open soon. The Prime Hospital will have ultramodern health services in line with the vision of the UAE to become an international healthcare destinatio
Introduction Exchange rate fluctuations pose a significant threat to operations carried out in the target environment (Kumar 2015). To be more specific, significant losses can be taken while performing different transactions. As a rule, three primary types of exposure are possible: transaction, translation and economic. Herein lies the significance of introducing tools that allow for a reduction in the risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations. Once the certainty of cash flows is increased and the level of cash flow fluctuations is minimized, the threat of taking costs will be reduced and new opportunities for financial growth will be created (Corte, Ramadorai & Sarno 2016). Currency futures can be viewed as tools for maintaining the certainty of cash flows at a high level. Also known as derivatives, currency futures can be used to make the company’s costs of equity drop gradually. A currency contract can be viewed as a variation of a financial commitment. Furthermore, it creates an environment in which transaction costs can be brought to a minimum. Consequently, it can be assumed that currency futures play a huge role in managing risk levels (Hanly & Morales 2015). Among other approaches that can be used in finance to manage risks with the help of currency futures, hedging must be mentioned. Typically defined as a way of taking out an insurance policy and, therefore, securing a specific property, hedging plays an important role in the management of risks related to money loss (Campbell 2014). While hedging does not prevent the problem from occurring, it does allow members of the company to retain their financial assets and recover from the financial damage comparatively quickly (Tornell & Yuan 2009). Literature Review History The issues associated with foreign exchange risks used to be overlooked by organizations operating in the global economy, as well as by the authorities that coordinated economic and financial transactions, up until the Bretton Woods system collapsed. Because of the increase in the number of gold outflows in the United States in the late 1960s, attempts to position the US dollar as the reserve currency outside