ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The nervous system is rightfully considered to be one of the most complicated and significant systems of the human body, which is responsible for the quality communication and interaction between the organs. However, while exploring the specifics of this system, it is vital to understand that no system exists in isolation from other body parts in order to secure homeostasis or one’s ability to maintain conditions for body functioning for the sake of survival (Eskov et al., 2017). Thus, the primary aim of the present paper is to explore the connections between the nervous system and other systems and define how these connections are designed to maintain homeostasis. Anatomy The structure of the nervous system is highly complex as it encompasses two major subsystems responsible for communication within the whole body: the central and periphery nervous systems. The notion of the nervous system may be generally defined as a part of the human body responsible for one’s actions and perception of information through the transmission of signals with neurons (Sturgeon, 2018). The functional units of the nervous system are the neurons and glial cells (“Basic structure and function of the nervous system,” n.d.). The central nervous system (CNS) comprises the brain and spinal cord as primary instruments for human coordination and response to external triggers. The commonly accepted structure of the brain consists of the cerebrum, brainstem, and cerebellum. The largest part of the brain, the cerebrum, consists of left and right hemispheres divided by a longitudinal fissure (Sturgeon, 2018). The brainstem is a part of the human brain that connects the brain and spinal cord in order to form the CNS, which consists of three major components: midbrain, pons, and medulla (Sturgeon, 2018). The last part of the brain, known as the cerebellum, is located at the back of the brain and coordinates one’s movement and balance. Another part of the CNS, the spinal cord, consists of four regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral (Dafny, 2020). The spinal cord is a functional unit that secures communication between human extremities and the brain. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves and ganglia. Nerve is a common constituent of the nervous system, as it stands for the cord structure with nerve fibers that secure the communication between the nervous system and another system.
Introduction The effects of polypharmacy in the geriatric population have in the recent past increased resulting in more hospital admissions of aged persons and wastage of a lot of resources. This necessitated the Presbyterian Seniorhealth clinic to lead a registered nurse driven SafeMed program, which attempted to reduce the adverse effects of polypharmacy on the aged patients. A group of five members developed a Quality Improvement Evaluation Plan for assessing the effectiveness of the SafeMed program. This paper is anticipated to evaluate the diligence and usefulness of this program evaluation and not the program itself and attempts to research whether procedures were adopted and matters tackled that involved a strong and logical program evaluation (Goedert, 2008). Logic model The planners have formulated a very informative and clear logical model on how to go about the program. By aligning work in this manner, planners have a more comfortable way to classify the work and evaluate it. The most significant insights in this model are efforts to measure the outcomes of the program. The logic model is very clear and detailed and presents a clear picture of how the SafeMe
Script kiddies are individuals who are not experts in the field of programming and therefore use programs developed by experts to attack systems and computer networks. Most of the script kiddies are teenagers without the ability to develop complex programs for hacking systems. Most of these juveniles perform these acts with an intention to gain popularity or just to make their friends happy especially in communities where individuals are computer enthusiastic. These individuals are not recognised as real hackers since they use programs that are not developed by them and they are immature in as far as computer crimes are concerned. The young individuals use the programs to crack the system and gain access to website privileges that only belong to the website’s administrators (Harold & Micki 2006). Some of them do it due to boredom and lack work while others are competing with friends to see who can crack the highest number of sites. Other than website cracking, the individuals also use programs that allow them to access remote computers in an internet and use these remote computers without the knowledge of the owners of the computer. The individuals will then infect the computers with viruses, corrupt the system, erase the information in the hard drives, steal personal information, and so on. The script kiddies can also crash the computers in an entire private network if they access a computer in the network. The programs available also allow the script kiddies to prompt the programs to conduct operations in the background where the users are not aware of the multiple operations that are taking place in the computers. The system will get overloaded and eventually crash. Some kids have used the distributed denial of service attacks and have crashed systems belonging to large corporations (John 2004). When script kiddies attack computer systems, they cause great damage especially loss of information if the owner did not have some back up. These individuals will be forced to format the whole system which is wastage of time that could have been used in doing other important things. Again, the computers are carrying large amounts of data thereby making it difficult to back every information in the system. Other damages involved in crashing websites may amount to millions just because of the bored individual’s actions. The script kiddies take the distributed denial of service attacks and the cyber vandalism for fun but this is very dangerous
This report will take a marketing plan format forming the foundation for the introduction of Daisy Roots, domestic footwear in the UK produced by the Daisy Roots footwear company limited. The product has been doing very well and that seems so unique thus needs to spread its market to the global market. The paper will outline the best strategies to follow for the achievements of the company’s strategic goals of standing in a competitive place in the global market. Daisy Roots will be marketed as unique footwear made from chrome free leather and sheep skin while striving to reinforce the company’s status in the global market. The marketing strategies are to be embraced targeting to reach populations in United Arab Emirates. The marketing strategy adopted will enable the company to reach an estimated market size of targeted 62,987,500 people with a forecasted sales growth prospect of 9.3% over the next four years making approximated profit of up to $986,984.92 while satisfying the needs of the market not yet served for the children and babies footwear. The Company’s success will be reflected by a sizable capture of market share within the prior stated targeted market taking the company to the top spot as the market leader in the Daisy Roots boots segment of footwear. The Company’s potential exports will be considered in United Arab Emirates after a clear consideration of the social, religious and cultural factors that may influence the marketing of the product in those regions. Company Description Daisy Roots is a United Kingdom based company and also known to be one of the leading companies manufacturing gift shoes for children up to the age of four years. They manufacture pure hand made leather shoes designed attractively to fit children of any class and does not have cultural restrictions. The Company is based in Northampton-shire. Daisy Roots is a major corporation which manufactures and distributes footwear that is solely designed for babies as well as children up to four years of age. The footwear for children offered by this company is well known for its suitable and trustworthy value and pioneering design. With reference to children Foundation for growth, the shoes for children that are sold by the company are said to hearten healthy growth of feet. There is comfort in the Daisy footwear and a lot of fun to wears. There is a variety of projects instilled on to the shoes that makes them more good-looking and stylish in appearance. The designers as well create the blue colored traditional boots for young boys and pink colored ones for young girl
Introduction Pregnancies among the adolescent is a norm among many societies in the world. According to a Neelofur-Khan (2007) approximately 14 million teenagers, aged 15-19 get pregnant each year. In the sub-Saharan Africa, more than half of the populations of women give birth before they attained the age of 20. The regional birth rate among the sub Saharan adolescents is approximately 115 births per 1000 pregnancies (Neelofur-Khan 2007). However, this reality is not limited to the developing countries in the sub Saharan region only; some of the developed nations are acutely affected by the menace of teenage pregnancies. While the concepts of modernization, law, and other controls have led to a slight decrease in cases of adolescent pregnancy, teen pregnancy remain prevalent in most regions of the world. The number of girls getting pregnant during their teens, all over the world, remains high despite the worldwide campaigns launched to discourage teen pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancy affects all communities and countries in the world. In fact, both the developed and the developing nations encounter the problem of adolescent pregnancies. In the United States, for instance, adolescent pregnancies remain higher than in most of the developed countries. Although the number of pregnancies among adolescents between aged 15 to 19 has decreased by an estimated twenty-one percent in developed nations, the number of adolescent pregnancies in the America remains high (Rothenberg and Weissman 2002). Approximately 40% of women below the age of twenty in America get pregnant annually (Dangal, 2006). National statistic records in the United States indicate that an approximate 12,000 female below the age of 15 are pregnant (Rothenberg and Weissman 2002). With these staggering figures seen in the United States seeming hard to beat, it is astonishing to learn that the numbers of adolescent pregnancies in the sub-Saharan Africa are higher. Research conducted in the 1990s show that sub-Saharan Africa has the highest number of teen pregnancies (Demographic health surveys 1995). The sub Saharan region is affected by various factors that encourage teen pregnancies. Factors such as poverty, sexual abuse, and lack of career opportunities among other causatives lead to early pregnancies among the sub Saharan adolescents. Teenage pregnancies are accompanied by various risks. Some of the risks include potential death of the mother, spread of HIV to among the adolescents and high potential death of the infant (Matson 2002). Adolescents may suffer dea
Employee training has become a common practice in many organizations due to the ever increasing job requirements. Employee training is very essential because it improves their competence and self-awareness. New recruits require training in order to become familiar with the company structure and culture as they settle in their areas of specialization (Siberman, 2011). The other instances where training is required are after employee promotion and when new systems are to be adopted by an organization. Training programs for employees should be of high quality to enable employees perform at the required standards (Siberman, 2011). The quality of employee training depends on the quality of programs an organization puts in place. This essay will highlight some of the important steps involved when setting up an employee training program. The first step in setting up an employee training program is the definition of training needs and goals. Training needs should comply with the general aims and objectives of the company. Training goals should be clearly stated before coming up with a training program (Siberman, 2011). The second step in designing a training program for employees is separating hard skills from soft skills. Performance checklists should also be designed at this stage to help in assessing the relevance and quality of training. This step is used by program developers to establish what each employee needs to learn. The third step involves the creation of a training matrix that helps in tracking trainees and also acts a scheduling guide. The type of training varies from one employee to another and this should be included on the training matrix (Siberman, 2011). The fourth step involves the use of a training matrix to assign training according to the areas of specialization of employees. The fifth step is looking for a training coordinator to facilitate in-house training. All the training programs should be supervised by the designated coordinator (Siberman, 2011). The sixth step in developing an employee training program is implementation. New employees go through their orientation programs focusing on company policies and safety requirements. Other employees also undergo their training according to the training matrix. The seventh step in developing employee training programs is the evaluation of programs. The training program should meet all the requirements that an employee requires to be competent in their areas of specialization. The program should answer all the questions asked before its development. After implementing the training program, the eighth and final step is program monitoring. The monitoring process is very important because it helps in assessing the progress of a training program by receiving feedback from employees (Siberm
Introduction Neoliberalism is a political organization that encourages economic liberalism as a way of encouraging economic development as well as ensuring political liberty. It can also be used to refer to the struggle to reverse some of the classical liberal economic policies that dated back to the 19th and 18th centuries. Thus, from the English language, the term can be considered to be an abbreviation of the term “neoclassical liberalism” (Pollin, R., 2003). Neoliberalism has continuously been criticized. It’s regarded as theoretically efficient but not fair by economists. The opponents of neoliberalism site its effects on inequality, wages, working-class well-being, social mobility, health, democracy, and the environment. The critiques view neoliberalism as a political project and economic project that who’s aim is to reconfigure the relations in different classes of the society (Pollin, R., 2003). Alternative Strategies used Different strategies have been identified by different agencies all aimed at reducing poverty. For the effective achievement of these targets, different policies are required. It could be argued out that the choice of a central strategy would be one aiming at poverty reduction by accelerating economic growth. Some analysts have continuously held that more assets, as well as income equity from the beginning, enhances the rate of growth. This view may disqualify the view based on distribution strategy that it would work on reducing poverty by decreasing per capita growth (Dagdeviren, H., 2000). This is expected to vary by country. It could be argued out that if poverty groups are transformed into productive members within the society, there is a likelihood of raising the income of all. This could be achieved by enhancing higher wages and productivity as well as enhancing income and output for those people who are self-employed by providing access to public facilities, education land reforms, and credit. In a short while, however, this may translate to a decreased growth within certain other groups due to the investment redirection towards the poor. Redistribution Land and income redistribution seem to be the most important in reducing poverty. This could involve redistributive land reforms where land is redistributed from large owners to peasants. Although this is a one-off redistribution, it is expected to reduce poverty levels by enhancing equal distribution. But if income redistribution has to take place in the absence of asset redistribution, then this must be done in a process where there is continuous taxation as well as equity-biased public expenditure. This thus translates to a situation where the alternatives are not clear. A class of poor smallholders may be generated as a result of land redistribution that is unaccompanied with expenditure on rural development. A good example is the land redistribution in Latin America, Peru that resulted in more poverty rather than the anticipated reduction. This could be so because the land redistribution that would reduce poverty
Introduction Water is a very essential element in life. Several challenges can lead to water scarcity. Rainfall cannot be fully relied on as the main source of water. Due to the challenges posed by water scarcity, new innovations continue to be made as means of combating water scarcity in many regions of the world. Super absorbent polymers are generally made of molecules that have the ability to hold and store water in very small volumes. This is possible due to the extreme concentration of molar masses in the molecules and a huge number of recurrent units in the molecules (Zhou Zhenmin, 2009). As a result of chemical reactions, the molecules are sequentially joined into monomers. Hydro gels ensure that an area is constantly dumpy. The super absorbent polymers and the hydro gels are water absorbent materials (Zhong, Zheng, Mao,Lin, & Jiang, 2012). Both the polymers and the hydro gels do not get absorbed by the plants. They are only used as water retention materials. In hospitals, they can be used for absorbing and solidifying water and blood (Zhang, Yuan, Wang, Gu, & Zhang, 2007). Physicians use them together with dressing materials to absorb water from patients’ wounds when dressing the wounds (Zhang, Tanaka, &Shibayama, 1992). In agriculture, they are used to provide water to the plants. Fire fighters use super absorbent materials to extinguish fire (Yandong Zhao, Junfu Zhang, Jinfeng Guan, &Weilun Yin. 2009). The comparison of United Arab Emirates to other countries in terms of weather and environmental characteristics The United Arab Emirates has the same environmental characteristics as countries such as Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iran, Mexico and Israel but so many of the mentioned countries have not embraced the use of super absorbent polymers in agriculture and especially in the reduction of the amount of water used in irrigation. The mentioned countries should embrace the use of super absorbent polymers as they share the same environmental characteristics with the UAE. Such attempts would help these countries to enhance agricultural production, to conserve soil moisture and to also prevent the loss of water through methods of agriculture like irrigation. Super absorbent polymers are used in the United Arab Emirates which is located in a hot region (Nonwovens& Technical Textiles, 2009). The UAE being a hot region has discovered ingenious ways of using the super absorbent polymers for several purposes. The purpose of this study is to focus on the possibility of the use of super absorbent polymers in agriculture in other parts of the world too with an aim of reducing water used in irrigation (Vico&Porporato, 2011). Focus on potassium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, cellulose polymer, polyacrylamide, rechargeable solid water, solid water technologies in Australia and zeoplant will provide a thorough examination of the available super absorbent water polymers and the features associated with each of them. Potassium polyacrylate Potassium polyacrylate is commonly referred to as solid rain. It
Introduction The crisis chosen for analysis is the Beslan school hostage crisis, which was a 2004 massacre that occurred in the Russian federation. It was instigated by a series of Islamic militants from Chechen who took over one thousand one hundred hostages and eventually led to the death of about three hundred and eighty victims in total. Cultural and ecological impact of the crisis The crisis affected family members tremendously. First, some of them lost loved ones and were eventually devastated by this tragedy (Goldston et al., 2008). Close to 180 people went missing; their kinsmen were likely having a hard time looking for them. Since relatives were not allowed to visit victims in the hospital, it was torturous for them not to know about their families. They were also affected by immense levels of insecurity in their community. Most members of Beslan began distrusting the authorities because they did not respond to their plight appropriately. The disaster also hurt the cultural sensibilities of the surrounding communities because funeral rites were not respected. At the end of the disaster, bulldozers were sent in to deal with the aftermath; they removed the remains indiscriminately. Although body parts were part of this debris, authorities damped all those remains in a garbage dump. This contravened the cultural expectations of the affected communities because they expected to mourn and properly bury their loved ones. The crisis deepened ethnic hatred between members of the Beslan community and the Chechen community. The former regarded the latter as inhumane people because they attacked, tortured, and killed young children; this seemed like an unforgivable act to them. A crisis intervention skill that might have been used to respond to the crisis The chosen skill is communication coordination. The ecological and cultural effects of the trauma may have been minimized if the concerned school administrators and other stakeholders established such a function. It would entail the collection, integration, and dissemination of incoming information to all concerned stakeholders. Some of these stakeholders would include parents and other relatives of the victims, doctors, nurses, emergency attendants, and other caregivers. This skill would entail the creation of a 24-hour hotline where parents would call in to receive the latest information on the crisis (Motumura, 2002). Only verified information ought to be disseminated as speculation on the cause of death can cause even more unrest. The first parents to be contacted are those who have loved ones in critical conditions. They need to know that their children are still alive and in need of help. Additionally, parents with bereaved families should also be contacted. The person in charge of information dissemination needs to do this sensitively and sympathetically. Suggestions on community outreach programs can be given if the parent appears to be receptive (Sandoval & Brock, 1996). One should be selective about the kind of information that is given. Certain explanations need to be left in the hands of health experts. The school should have had an open line of com