ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Discovering the history of a city and its community through the eyes of its residents is an exciting opportunity to view its development from a different angle. Historical accounts and records are usually dry and unimaginative; obtaining information from a historical figure’s notes, on the other hand, allows us to become part of the development process rather than a mere observer and to understand the town’s history rather than study it. James Thomas and William Tecumseh Sherman offer two different accounts of pre-war St. Louis in their writing us, which help to explore the city’s character and community in more detail. James Thomas James Thomas was a master barber from Nashville, Tennessee, who moved to live in St. Louis in 1857 and remained there for the rest of his life (Sandweiss 201). Despite being a former slave, he has managed to earn a significant fortune and was considered to be among the most respected people of color in the city, and one of the wealthiest African-American men in the country (Sandweiss 201). In the later years of his life, Thomas wrote an autobiography, where he described his life and career in St. Louis (Sandweiss 201). Having witnessed the city’s development over the 55 years of his residence, he included an account of the city’s changes throughout times, including the pre-war stage. Thomas describes the pre-war St. Louis as dull: “Merchants seemed to have an abundance of leisure. There was a frightful shrinkage in values. There were no buyers of property in the line of real estate” (202). Even though many people thought that the conflict would be resolved without violence, it seems like the entire city was preparing itself for the trouble ahead: people were hiding money, reading about military tactics, and gathering supplies (Thomas 202). The tension within the community increased as the troops arrived at the camp in the city: “The time had come when everybody was expected to show his hand. When he didn’t do so he was asked how he stood in the matter” (Thomas 203). Many men were reluctant to state themselves as abolitionists, as doing so would result in facing the coolness and ostracism from neighbors and the rest of the community (Thomas 203). It seems like the city’s people divided into two camps but would not oppose one another openly, quietly hoping that the conflict would be resolved soon. William T. Sherman William T. Sherman came to reside in St. Louis in 1861, just before the war broke out (Sandweiss 211). He rejoined the army and was soon promoted to be the commander-in-chief, leading several important campaigns during the war (Sandweiss 211). In his memoirs, he describes the internal tensions in St. Louis and the state overall: “Even in Missouri, which was a slave state, it was manifest that the Governor of the State, Claiborne Jackson, and all the leading politicians, were for the South in case of war” (Sherman 212). Nevertheless, many people within the state and the city of St. Louis were against this position (Sherman 2014). Similarly to Thomas, Sherman describes the city’s anticipation of the war, although he does not mention the people’s reluctance to accept the violent scenario. Conc
The phrase “Based on a True Story” draws the viewer’s attention with an aim of understanding the true nature of the story. The existence of noteworthy events and people in history is significant in the creation of films that are based on actual stories. Nevertheless, historical events are not simple thus justly explicit. The role of a film is to help the audience understand a story in an easily consumable manner. On the other hand, a filmmaker provides an explanation to contemporary issues by considering historical events (Bottomore 367). With their ability to bring history to the light, filmmakers are credited for their skills of generating interest in history. With the importance of a film in understanding past events, a critical review of the film “Modern Times” is necessary. On watching the movie, this reflection paper will discuss motivation and character representation as depicted in the film. Besides, this paper will discuss how historical events make the movie not only interesting, but also authentic. Lastly, highlights of the valuable lessons learned in the film will be presented. Released on February 25, 1936, “Modern Times” is one of the oldest classical comedy films (Chaplin 1). Scripted and directed by Charles Chaplin, Modern Times depicts how people struggle in the contemporary workplace. While the film makes an account of the industrial revolution period, it comments on how workers survived in harsh workplace conditions. Although many, consider technological advancements a success, the film makes an account of the challenges associated that followed technological advancements (Bottomore 369). The beginning of the movie shows the second hand of a huge clock approaching the hour hand. In its symbolic nature, the clock signifies subjugation under the clock autocracy. Because time is essential in carrying out day-to-day activities, human beings are constantly chasing time to accomplish deadline targets. “Modern Times” is a classical comedy. In the film, industrialization is already taking place. Since the film emphasizes on the effects of technological advancements, most actions in the film take place in a factory. Alongside other workers, Chaplin is trying to move with the pace of the conveyor belt (Chaplin 1). The importance the factory as a suitable location for
Introduction Violence at the Republican National Convention is the topic of a Los Angeles Times article and a news release from PR Newswire, which is associated with Amnesty International. Both papers inform about barely lawful arrests of demonstration participants and unsanctioned use of non-lethal weapons. Both also contain quotes from eyewitnesses, involved in the event. Although the major issue of the stories is similar, the release from PR Newswire is based upon the position of Amnesty International, a human rights organization, and thus focuses on recording the violations of the corresponding regulations without providing the accounts of third party observers, whereas the Los Angeles Times article includes more comprehensive background information and more objective facts about the events like numbers and stories of non-participants. Main body The concerns the two articles are dedicated to are unexpected violence and arrests, used by law enforcement agencies against the unarmed antiwar protesters, who were publicly demon
Key Challenges to Countering Terrorism Why it is Difficult to Counter-Terrorism Terrorist networks around the world have always stayed aware of governmental commitment to stymie their undertakings, which compels them to restructure their plans accordingly. According to Clarke (2018), “terrorist financing keeps on mutating, which keeps them ahead of any governmental authority,” (p. 1). Furthermore, the cited study suggests that terrorism increasingly depends on illegal activities, including counterfeiting and smuggling to generate finances, which complicates the process of tracking their monetary networks. Other complementary studies report that the growing use of cash instead of bank transfers makes it difficult to trace the sources of funding (Barone & Masciandaro, 2014). The latter literature also reports that the use of domestic resources, especially citizens of the target nations in generating revenues makes it difficult for governments to track the process. Lastly, it is not easy to follow up terrorist financing because of the challenges in the enforcement of financial laws across different jurisdictions and geographies (Unger, 2017). Sources of Funding Terrorist Activities Extant studies identify three primary sources of funding for terrorist activities. According to Barone and Masciandaro (2014), charities are among the sources of financing terrorism and extremism. For example, as the author argues, donations from wealthy individuals to Saudi Arabian charities have been among the longest-standing sources of funding for Al-Qaeda. The biggest financial source for terrorists, as Unger (2017) reports, is an illegal trade in drugs, firearms, human trafficking, and counterfeiting among others. Lastly, terrorists also generate their revenues using front companies—legitimate businesses that earn profits (Barone & Masciandaro, 2014)). The latter literature indicates that the businesses could also be used as front firms for money laundering. Identification, Description, and Analysis of Terrorism Financing Identification of Terrorism Funding and Problem Statement Terrorists require large amounts of money to execute their strategies. For example, the planning, coordination, and execution of the 9/11 attack on Washington are approximated to have cost up to half a million US dollars (Clarke, 2018). The study indicates that even attacks of a small magnitude involve money because the masterminds require to travel, eat, survey their targets, traffic arms, and other aspects that make their plans successful. Consequently, terrorist and extremist groups around the world always strive to maintain steady financial funding. The nature of terrorist attacks, especially the damage to property and loss of lives, make governmental agencies the world over prioritize countermeasures, such as cutting off the sources of financial res
Strengths and Weaknesses Identification Teaching younger students mathematics is an incredibly important and complicated task that demands much responsibility and analysis. Since children shape their understanding of mathematics and their analytical skills at their early stages of development, it is crucial that such an important issue as money value should be taught with due care. In the given case study, the effects of the provided system of students’ performance evaluation are being considered and further avenues for its improvement are offered. The provided system has a number of strengths, the key one being the ability to check a very single step of the students’ progress. Instead of having a big final quiz in the end of the session, the students are provided with several mini-quizzes, which are bound to help spot the emerging issues at the earliest stages and allow for students’ developing the right idea about money value. One of the basic weaknesses, however, stems from the test system that has been used as the basis for the students’ progress evaluation. It seems that some students might have trouble understanding the principles of addition and developing their number sense. However, for some reason, these students hesitate to ask questions and, therefore, are likely to become completely confused about the topic. Therefore, it can be assumed that at certain points, the assessment plan could use some improvements. In order to improve the current assessment plan and to introduce a supplementary one, it will be required to take a closer look at the current version of the assessment strategy. Assessment plan and is advantages: a multi-level evaluation strategy When it comes to speaking of the doubtless advantages of the provided testing system, one must give credit to the latter for allowing checking the students’ progress gradually. As it has been mentioned above, the earlier a teacher figures out that the students or a particular student have issues with a specific concept, the more efficiently the problem is going to be addressed. Therefore, the fact that tests are run on a regular basis after a new topic is introduced to the students speaks in favor of the adopted assessment system. In addition, it is important that the provided evaluation system integrated different types of tests, including not only the written ones but also the ones that allow for a practical operation with money, which is especially important for the studen
External analysis PESTLE Analysis Political Tesla Inc. can avail the opportunity for strengthening its financial performance through various incentives offered by the government. The political environment of any country influences its business environment directly and indirectly. It can directly affect the economic environment of the country and in this way the degree of economic action and business as well. The political environment influences the administrative environment as well (Ali & Ahmad, 2014). On the off chance that the political environment of a country is steady, it likewise prompts economic dependability and offers to ascend to higher economic action and flourishing. Particularly in nations where an enormous piece of the production network of a global business is found, political disturbance or bedlam can prompt interruption in the inventory network and afterward business misfortune. Geopolitical issues and psychological oppression can likewise disturb businesses and challenges in political connections between countries can likewise make business between the two troublesome. Economic Electric cars are gaining popularity day by day which is mostly connected with the global economy. Worldwide economic development is relied upon to stay at 3% in the year 2019 and 2020. In 2018 the electric vehicle market was $39.8 billion which is relied upon to reach $1.5 trillion by 2025 (Personal Electric Vehicle…, 2019). This economic factor is an incredible open door for Tesla to underwrite. Economic powers have a significant job in the business world and can influence the fortune of businesses in different manners. Tesla has seen its business rising quickly in the previous year. This has happened because of a few reasons. Notwithstanding, expanded economic movement since the downturn is a significant factor that has influenced this development. Since the downturn has passed, the economic movement has aroused all-inclusive (Pratap, 2018 ). Tesla’s Model X is a fully estimated electric SUV with bird of prey wing entryways. The sales of its SUVs have additionally expanded with higher economic action the world over. Social Social conditions and trends affect a firm’s remote through employees, customers, and investors. Social factors are similarly as significant as different factors and in some cases, they can impact the interest and supply of specific products. These factors sway how certain products are seen in specific social orders and the degree of acknowledgment they can pick up in explicit cultures. The interest for supportable products has aroused universally and maintainability is certainly not a passing trend. Presently more individuals need products that are useful for the environment. The environment is ideal for feasible brands (Pratap, 2018 ). The interest in maintainable products has developed in the 21 st century as more individuals’ are currently considering environmental security. Moreover, some geographical peculiarities should be considered by Tesla as there are differences in regions and their readiness for products of th
The Australian author David Malouf based his novel Ransom on the myths from Homer’s Iliad , including the death of Patroclus (Book 16), episode when Achilles kills Hector (Book 22), the funeral of Patroclus (Book 23) and visit of Priam to Achilles (Book 24). However, although the author uses the ancient stories, his attention is concentrated on the demonstration of the spiritual evolution of the heroes and the nature of their relations. For Homer, the major explanation of the all events is the power of gods and fate, while Malouf emphasizes the human side. In this case, the essence of titles, class and identity plays a significant role in the narration as the explanation of the human behavior and the reasons of the social conflicts. For Malouf, the superior position of the mediator is a key moment of the war. While many people are involved in the conflicts, while they suffer and die, it is possible to find a peaceful solution. The author emphasizes a role of negotiations as well as the importance of the leader who can start or stop the war using his authority and power. Thus, the author describes the relations between king Priam and commoner Somax, demonstrating that the social status is not the main reason of being leader or to start the war. Although Priam is a king, he is too young to be leader. In this situation, Somas is seen as the more competent, experienced and knowledgeable and, thereby, more authoritative. However, in the ancient Greece, titles were the main element and royalty was seen as the superior and even mystified. Malouf describes the personal search of three men for the self-determination. They feel the limits of their social roles and want to be etched in the annals of history. For instance, Achilles who has a divine origin and lives on the border of the mortal world and divine identifies himself as a human and wants to protect his folk. He is a great warrior and, at the same, time he is a human-being with its strong and weak sides. In case of Priam, even his name highlights his royal origin and destination as the great king. He indicates himself as the protector of his country. Malouf indicates an absence of the differences between the personal and social and political interests of kings. The royal class in this story is shown as the great rulers, protectors of the population who do not divide the personal and public. For the heroes, the personal is considered only jointly with the public and for the ruler only that event is good which is good for the whole nation. It is a nature of the heroism in the era of wars and violence. Priam tries to understand when will be the time for him to expose the humanity. Analyzing novel Ransom , it is possible to conclude that the author sees the titles as the key element of the authority and leading position in the ancient Greece. At the same time, all representatives of royal class in this novel are brave and selfless, in some extent, they even better than the ordinary citizens. They identify themselves as the defenders and they are ready to die in order to protect the coun
Introduction Women have gone through various transformations in view of their lives from the past to the present. There are certain attitudes that were held against them that hindered their advancement. They had believed in the attitudes that the society had against them and hence hindering their advancement. As time went by, there was a change that made them realize their worth. One remarkable thing about the women that have been recorded in the books of history is the fact that they remained diligent in their callings and aimed at changing the world around them. They did not consider their feminine nature as a hindrance to their progress but rather the goal and vision that was a head of them to fulfill and accomplish. In this paper, we will mainly focus on the issue of sexuality and how women displayed their ability in sexuality for them to be recognized as historic figures. Sexuality On the issue of sexuality, women have proved to be strong, defeating all odds to facilitate growth. It is usually expected that when a woman attains a particular age, they are to leave their parents home and build their own homes. The responsibilities that women were exposed to in the families gave then little chances to participate in other economic and political responsibilities Maria Stewart After Maria Stewart lost the husband she was married to for three years, she decided to concentrate on writing speeches to earn a living. Unlike it was expected that she should be married off immediately so that she could have a man to take care of her, she dedicated her life to literature. Her success in writing was proved when her literature was widely used, she proved to the world and her generation that a woman can always succeed even in the absence of a man to offer her moral support. The same was recorded of Queen Elizabeth 1 who managed through life without a husband to pamper her around. Queen Elizabeth 1 Queen Elizabeth 1 was denied the opportunity to succeed his father simply because she was a woman. Although most of her dreams seemed to be shattered through the situations that she had to go through, it did not deter her from pursuing her legal rights. Once she penetrated through and became the queen, she put everything aside to ensure his affectivity in politics. She refused to bow to the pressures that the men of her generation put her into. Her decision not to get married was simply because she did not want to give up on her political aspirations. She
Halliburton is an international oilfield services corporation operating in more than 70 countries; it’s the world’s second largest company in the industry; to manage the large number, the company has a workforce of over 50,000 employees operation in its outlets mostly composed of hundreds of subsidiaries, branches, affiliates, brands and divisions. To remain competitive and continue meeting its customers’ needs and expectations, the company has maintains an effective management team; generally.scholars have realized four major functions of managers as planning, organising, controlling and monitoring; managers undertake this role via the decisions they make (Halliburton’s, 2011). This paper discusses planning roles of Halliburton Company management and factors affecting planning role of the company’s management. Planning as a function of management The control and direction taken by a firm is dependent with the decision that managers have made, when quality and timely decisions are made, then the company will be seen to successes. Planning is a vital function of management as it implements strategies and footpaths that a company follows into the unpredictable future; ensures that activities are well thought and coordinated. It considers the past, current and uses the information to predict and come up with policies to face the future with some certainty. Planning is all about coming up with the right decisions that can see the company into the future, it aims at understanding the unpredictable future and developing policies that are likely to tap the opportunities offered by the future business environments as the company manages risks in the future. When making a strategic plan, the company ensures that they have utilized internal and external information at the exposure of the company; information can be sort form government, research firms and self-developed information’s through research. Halliburton is among the world most successful oilfield services company, the company does not limit its operations in the United states or in Dubai but it has diversified in other regions of the world. When communing up with the decision of where to diversify, the management has to plan not only the operations of the company in the foreign company but also the strategy it will implement to remain competitive in the foreign country. After a successful venture, then to remain competitive, the company management plans and develops different strategies to make the company competitive. Planning has some objectives that it aims to attain; it is the managements who have the role of ensuring the planned strategies can be attained effectively. when planning the best plan is the one that will offer the expected results within a certain time framework. it should come to the rescue of a company by solving the issues at hand (Williams, 2001). Effects of legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility on