ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The tremendous progress of consciousness that characterizes contemporary society in developed countries has a rapid dynamic such that even recently created concepts are subject to social modification in order to adapt to demands. This statement is true to describe what is actually observed in the nature of feminism. In the proposed article, researchers aim to theoretically conceptualize knowledge in order to discuss postfeminist trends for society as a whole as well as for the organization. Recognizing the impermanence of feminism, Lewis et al. (2017) attempt to shed light on this model’s development. This leads them to articulate the idea of moving from liberal feminism, along with a critique of men seeking equality, to a neoliberal type focused only on creating equal rights and opportunities. The research paper is structured along the lines of a literary review, accompanied by a critical analysis of the sources. It seems that the methodology of selecting source material was such as to showcase the argument from different angles as much as possible, so, for example, by citing quantitative research, the authors subsequently point out that there is not enough data to accurately assess the problem of perception of postfeminism. The review is divided into three central sections, consistently describing theoretical information about the nature of the phenomenon, incorporating the concept of postfeminism, and defining the scope of the special issue. Summarizing the above, we can conclude that this paper is an eclectic piece summarizing the disparate literature on the role of postfeminism in organizations. The key findings of the paper, in addition to detailing the metamorphosis of traditional struggles for gender equality, were the recognition of postfeminist obstacles that can stimulate organizational development. In particular, the practice of training women to create similar functionality to men entails overcoming existing gender barriers and equity. On the other hand, a rejection of quotas for women is necessary since the very idea of such privilege runs counter to the principles of neoliberal feminism. This is a useful study that provides access to the most relevant perspectives on developing global feminist practices. In this regard, it is important to recognize that Lewis et al.’s (2017) insights can be used in the author’s study. In particular, the lack of mentoring among African American employees can be seen as a violation of the foundations of postfeminism, both in terms of gender equality and ethnicity. Reference Lewis, P., Benschop, Y., & Simpson, R. (2017). Postfeminism, gender and organization. Gender, Work and Organization, 24 (3), 213-225.
Adolescent Interview: Revealing the Source of the Problem and Developing the Means to Address It. Teenagers and Abusive Parents The following is the transcript of the interview with fifteen-year-old Pete from Big Spring, TX. Pete has recently got in trouble when trying to steal from a local shop. Introduction Interviewer: Hello, Pete. My name is Mary, and I am conducting research. Can I ask you to take part in it? Pete: Uh… Okay. Home Interviewer: Who lives at home with you? Pete: My sister Cathy. She’s 6. Also Mom and Dad. But they’re all about Cathy and don’t give an [censored] about me. Interviewer: Do you think they can change? Pete: I don’t care. Education Interviewer: What do you think about school? Do you like it? Pete: School sucks. Teachers are morons; never tell anything worth listening to. Drugs Interviewer: Has anyone ever offered you drugs? Pete: Yeah, one of my buddies. Interviewer: Did you take them? Pete: Do I look like an idiot? Safety and Friends Interviewer: What do you do when you hang out with your friends? Pete: My friends are a lot of fun. We start fights and kick [ censored ]. We’re a Gang ( makes a gesture obviously belonging to an underground culture ). Note: The “gang” obviously influences Pete the wrong way. Suicide Interviewer: What do you do when you feel bad, really bad? Pete: Like your best friend lets you down, or something? ( Continuation ) Interviewer: Yes. Pete: Go kick some [censored]. Sexuality Interviewer: Would you mind answering a ve
Introduction Authors express themselves through their work. One can tell the character and personality of a writer by analyzing their text. In addition, a given piece of work reflects the situation in society at that particular time. In this essay, the author is going to provide a critical review of three short stories. The three include Jamaica Kincaid’s “Girl,” Junot Diaz’s “Drown,” and Kathy Acker’s “The Language of the Body.” The themes, characters, and motives associated with the three stories will be analyzed. From a critical perspective of thinking, the author of this essay will review what Kincaid, Diaz, and Acker were aiming at when writing their stories. Kincaid’s “Girl” Synopsis It is a short story highlighting a number of issues. The issues include changes in parenting techniques and women oppression. The story revolves around the difficulties faced by teenage girls and the complex relationship between the main character and her mother. The issue of parenting comes to fore when the girl says, “…I was always being told I should be something, and then my whole upbringing was something I was not” (Kincaid 86). The story focuses on the ‘fit’ between what the society expects from a person and the individual’s real desires. Setting The story unfolds in a homestead where a mother and her daughter interact regularly. The mother gives advice to the young girl on everyday aspects of life. She tries to guide the daughter through life. She advises her on how to lead a satisfying life by handling relationships with men and the people she does not like. The mother is worried that her daughter is taking the wrong path and making poor decisions in life. She is worried the girl will turn out to be a bad woman in the future (Kincaid 87-88). Analysis of Themes Conflict There are conflicts
The need for a substitute blood has been a challenge to medical practitioners for many years. Function of artificial blood is to imitate the duties of hemoglobin in red blood cells. Need for artificial blood was caused by recurrence of blood related complication during child birth, war and treatment of chronic ailments such as HIV/AIDS. There has been a reduction of blood donors, while the number of patients requiring blood transfusion has been increasing (Kresie, 2001). Works of some medical researchers led to successful use of artificial blood. Leland C. Clark’s works reflects some of the greatest efforts. After some studies, Dr. Clark found out that alveoli had the ability to draw oxygen from fluid and replace it with carbon (iv) oxide. With this fact, he knew that perfluorocarbon can support breathing in animals. According to Pharmainfo.net (2007), Dr, Clark initiated experiments using various compounds which included per-fluorocarbons to develop a blood substitute. To establish the initial effects, he dropped a living mouse into a container with liquid fluorocarbons. During the experiment, he paralyzed the mouse in anesthesia then put a delivery tube into its trachea. Dr. Clark then inflated a cuff in the mouse’s airway so as to seal the lungs from air. He also ensured that no solution could leak out. The mouse survived even though it was fully submerged in fluorocarbon liquid. It survived because oxygen has a greater ability to dissolve in perfluorocarbon than in blood plasma. Dr. Clark faced some challenges in his work. Although most of the animals he kept in the fluid survived for several weeks, they finally succumbed to pulmonary damage. The pulmonary damage was attributed to congestion of lungs when they were collapsed. However, research helped him realize that the lungs behave normal when they are inflated. Damage was mainly due to the size of the mouse’s airway. The physical size of the airway did not allow enough fluids to enter the lungs. As a result, carbon (iv) oxide increased in the respiratory system because it could not be removed with the same rate at which it was generated. Dr. Clark found out that the time for survival was related to the temperature of the fluorocarbon solution. Low temperatures reduced the respiratory rate while high temperature increased it. To solve this problem, he induced hypothermia in the animals in subsequent experiments. The animals used survived for over 20 hours in the fluorocarbon fluid. The temperature of the fluid used was about 18 degrees Celsius. The actual cause of the pulmonary damage was not immediately determined. It was necessary to solve all problems of pulmonary damage, carbon (iv) oxide elimination and retention of fluorocarbon in body tissues before trying it on humans. An article in Medical Discoveries website (2007) indicates that a Japanese researcher working for a phar
Introduction The Atlantic tomcod, biologically known as the Microgadus tomcod , is native to the coasts of North America and Canada, where it is popular with fishermen, especially between December and February when it is in season. It mostly lives in brackish coastal or freshwater, which makes it a common inhabitant of rivers and landlocked lakes. Its diet, for the most part, consists of crustaceans, worms and other small water creatures. Background What sets this species of fish apart from most other aquatic animals is the speed with which it evolved in the last half century, enabling it to survive the effects of perennial human water pollution. From the late 40s to early 90’s, the Hudson River, one of the biggest natural habitats for the tomcod, was contaminated with over a million pounds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from industrial installations (Klauda, Thomas and Gary 831). Consequently, thousands of fish and other creatures living in these waters died, resulting in an acute natural imbalance. However, instead of dying out as expected, the tomcod begun to thrive, even in the high concentration of toxic chemicals (Dybas). Initially, they died just like other fish from a series of chemical related disorders especially heart defects in juveniles. As a result, most of the fish hatched after the contaminating event were gradually eliminated leaving only a few survivors. However, after a few decades, they appeared to have developed immunity to the effects of the poison, which motivated biologists to investigate their coping mechanism (Wirgin et al. 1322). Newly hatched fish showed no outward signs of heart defects even after the near depletion of some of the other species from the same problem. Scientists discovered that, despite their continued survival, the levels of PCBs in their blood were the highest in nature (Klauda, Thomas and Gary 833). In fact, for any other fish, even a fraction of the tomcod’s PCB blood levels would have been be lethal. It later emerged that they underwent extremely rapid evolution, which allowed them to modify some of the proteins in their DNA and regulate the toxicity of PCBs. As a result, it became difficult for toxins to bind to their receptors, making them ineffective against the tomcod (Wirgin et al. 1323). Studies of the small fish in different rivers have shown that this mutation is mostly limited to the Hudson, although, there are some other parts of the US, such as the Niantic River in Connecticut, where a similar mutations have been observed. Scientists ar
Does the Universe Have A Direction? In questioning the universe, we essentially question the purpose of our existence. This essay explains that the universe has a direction and goal only when we view it as the same entity in the past, now and in our future imagination. To answer the question of whether the universe has a direction, we shall rely on the metaphysics field of ontology (Solomon and Kathleen p.7). There are two sides of explaining the nature of reality, that of realist and anti-realists. The former claim that reality is independent of us and the later disclaims this fact. Realists say that there is a planetary system and a force of gravity among other features that make up the universe. Furthermore, they state that the existence of these systems and gravity does not cease after we stop noticing. Much of realists’ theories do not factor in our epistemology of the things and events they examine. Anti-realists on the other hand must attach meaning that can be confirmed to statements of reality. Objects in reality possess attributes that we can use in define and describe them. For instance, if we propose that someone is ignorant, then we are using the attribute of ignorance to describe the person. However, when describe someone else as ignorant, then we are faced with the dilemma explaining how the two persons, which in our case are real objects, though having the same attribute of ignorance, are different people. To solve this dilemma and effectively discern single objects we have to see further than their attributes. In doing so, we have to rely on Aristotelians who have demarcated kinds from properties. The Aristotelians hold it as a fact that kinds are what the particulars or attributes belong to. So in our example above, the individuals belong to the human family and ignorance is one of their properties. We are therefore able to understand that the individuals are two members of the human family who share the same property (Newall para14-30). The universe is our reality and suggestions of a universal direction bring us to the question of time. The presentism theory holds the view that only the present exists. The externalism theory on the contrary denies the presence of now, and further explains that now is a mere reference point to differentiate events as they happen, such that Plato and other people in our past exist, but their existence is within a separate context (Newall para. 30-35). The above theories of time do not offer us much explanation that we can use in our example of the individual being ignorant. We shall therefore use the time theories of endurantism and perdurantism. Endurantists view that the individual in our above example is the same in the past as well as now. Since the same individual belonged to the humans family and continues to do so. This depicts a characteristic of endurance. In the perdurantist view, the individual is different and changes or moves to another stage depending on the perspective of the viewer. Furthermore, endurantists believe that only the now exists and the past and future are only possibilities, while the perdurantists see no particular significance in time im
In the recent years, researchers have expressed concerns over the alarming rate in the spread of the use of social network applications. Most researchers agree that the issue deserves attention, which could be attributed to the widespread use of mobile phones due to their availability. With the recent developments and innovations on mobile phones, more social networks applications have come into use. With Smartphone being one of the recent mobile technologies, widespread use of various social networks applications has been inevitable. In addition, the technology through the utilization of social networks applications has eased our day-to-day operations in various ways. Just as the name suggests, social networks applications are sort of programs that enable or even enhance communication among individuals regardless of the geographical distance separating them (Goldenberg et al., 2006). However, these social networks applications have had impacts across various aspects of the society in general. This paper shall be based on the application of social networks in Smartphone coupled with my personal social media experience. Apart from the aspect of interacting with friends, the social media technology can be utilized to achieve many other goals that include soliciting funds and an avenue through which one can find a job among other aspects. My social media experience will be based on the use of social media applications to maintain a long distance relationship. The paper shall also highlight some of the implications of utilizing these applications both to an individual and to the society. After John, my closest friend, went t
Reflection Paper Diagnosing team interactions The issues, concepts, and learning methodologies adopted in this course have been of great contribution to my professional and personal development. One of the learning methodologies in this course entails project-based learning through teamwork. The course required students to work in teams. This aspect provided an opportunity for understanding the fundamental aspects in the successful integration of teamwork. The group incorporated several aspects aimed at entrenching effective team interaction to achieve the intended learning outcome. One of the issues that the group ensured in developing team interaction entails setting the stage for teamwork. First, the team ensured that a clear mission was established. Therefore, all the members understood the purpose of the team. Secondly, the team recognized that achieving the common outcome depended on the level of collaboration amongst the members. The team members focused on the development of trust-building activities to establish effective collaboration. This aspect was achieved by organising frequent meetings amongst the team members. During the meetings, the group members were urged to face their personal challenges and focus on the overall team goals. Due to the trust-building activities, the team scheduled the available tasks by delegating and assigning team activities. The delegation of activities fosters the ease with which project tasks are completed within the stipulated timeframe. The trust building activities enabled the members to complete the assigned activities hence achieving the overall team goals. Despite the group members’ success in completing the project tasks, the group would have enhanced team interaction by integrating the sense-making technique. Sense-making advocates the integration of a comprehensive framework to succeed in fostering interaction within a multi-cultural team. Currently, the society is increasingly becoming multi-cultural. Therefore, it is imperative for individuals and organizations that have adopted the concept of teamwork to develop knowledge on how to establish multicultural team. This goal can be achieved if the cultural diversity is perceived as a source of strength. Case study Scandal at Murdoch’s Factory The News of the World [NOTW] ranked amongst the leading selling newspapers in the United Kingdom for 168 years.
Introduction In defining market segmentation, one can say that it is a section of a market comprising of people or institutions with the same characteristics that cause demand for same products. A good segment should be able to meet its specific needs and be unique to other segments. In addition, another criterion that should be evident is being homogenous in that, it should have common needs of the market. Lastly, a good market segment should be responsive to the market stimulus and be accessible at any point in time (Nelson, 2001). Kool-aid This is a soft drink powder that is made using water; it is rich in Vitamin C and it is available in different fun flavors, which are good for kids as they keep them hydrated. Kool-aid retails at a third the cost of regular soda with a third less sugar content (Kool-Aid, 2011) Market segmentation In segmenting markets, there are important considerations that need to be in place which include  1. To better, the consumer needs through creating of different offers in each of the segments thus providing the customers with a variety of solutions that they can choose. In this regard, Kool-aid has a variety of different flavors that kids can choose.  2. Increased profit margin for the business; this is attributable to the fact that customers have different income disposal ways hence they become sensitive to the pricing of the products. Kool-aid has a pricing that is three times lower than most sodas thus making much more sales.  3. Improved growth opportunities; a good example to this is when customers are introduced to certain products and encouraged to them through their low price hence building on the business sales in return.  4. Helps in retaining customers; this can be done through marketing of products that appealing to the customers in different stages in life.  5. Helps in targeting market communications; this can be justified through reaching of more targeted customers more often at minimal cost (Doug, 2007). Demographic segmentation In demographic segmentation, division of markets into groups is done taking into consideration variables that are associated to the family setup. These variables form the most popular bases in market segmentation. This is due to the fact the customers’ needs revolves around variables like income and age. Another feasible reason is the availability of d
What specific factors explain Him’s survival when so many others died? Consider her personal characteristics, accidental events, and the repeated theme in When Broken Glass Float of the resilience of basic elements of Cambodian culture. “ When Broken Glass Floats ” is a Cambodian proverb. This proverb refers to the time when “evil” conquers “good”. The events that took place in Cambodia starting from 1975 represented evil overcoming good. Him family had to move searching for safety. Death became a close companion for Him family and all the other people who were in the camps. There was no guarantee that anyone will make it alive. The life that everyone had become used to before suddenly came to an end (Him, pg 126). People of Cambodia could no longer travel in cars or have electricity in their homes. Most parts of the capital city and around the countryside had been severely destroyed by the US bombing. Despite the terror, suffering, and demand of loyalty by Khmer Rouge regime from the people of Cambodia; Him’s family remained royal to each other. At the risk of their own lives, they brought the only little food that they could get to feed others in the camp. When the broken glass finally sinks in 1979, only five out of the twelve children of Him’s family survive (Him 145). Him’s children, who survived the massacre, are assisted by their uncle in Oregon as they start their life a flesh in a land that welcomes them. The love and honor in Him’s family enabled Chanrithy Him to survive (Him, pg 134). “Chea, how come good doesn’t win over evil?” Chanrithy asks her sister after Khmer Rouge clutch Cambodia. Her sister Chea assured her that good always emerges the ultimate winner. She (Chea) says that when good and evil (broken glass) are thrown into the river of life, good first sinks and evil floats, but the broken glass does not float for long (Him, pg 114). Before this was fulfilled, her strong willed family of 12 had been torn apart. Both her parents had been murdered, and five of her siblings died from starvation and/or diseases. As there was no food, people abandoned the spirit of community; every one started fighting for survival. Despite these challenges, the Hims family members who still remained alive remained loyal to one another. They made risky trips to different camps in search for food. They shared whatever little they had with other families in camps (Him, pg 68). Chanrithy’s father was forced to dig his own grave by Khmer Rouge before being executed. Khmer Rouge considered anyone who was educated as a threat to the regime. Since Chanrithy’s father was an educated man, he was captured and killed with a hoe, after being forced to dig his own grave. After her father was murdered, her mother became the only person that Chanrithy and her siblings could look up to for support. All the children in the camps were forcefully sent to work far away in camps. They were not given enough food to eat. They suffered from various diseases due to lack of proper nutrition. Chanrithy’s mother was later murdered as she (Chanrithy) watched. Her ailing mother was thrown into a well by the Khmer Rouge