ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Overview This is a healthcare facility whose main objective is to offer health care services, carry out health related research, as well as promote biomedical education. The facility offers health care in various areas such as heart and heart surgery, endocrinology, respiratory disorders, kidney complications, as well as gynaecology among others. Vanderbilt University Medical Center is a company that has several branches and a number of campuses that offer biomedical education. The headquarters of Vanderbilt University Medical Center are located in Nashville, Tennessee in the United States of America. Potential strengths and weaknesses Strengths The success of an organization is highly dependent on its strengths and opportunities available to it. Vanderbilt University Medical Center has been one of the most successful companies in the industry. It has a number of strengths that have enabled it to achieve the kind of success it has today. One of the strengths that have been vital to the success of this company is the fact that it has staffs that are highly skilled and committed to the organizational duties (Duncan, Ginter & Swayne, 2013). The staffs are always working to give the best services to the patients and their customers to ensure that anyone who gets the services is satisfied and will be willing to come back again. In addition to being committed to their duties, the staffs are also highly skilled. Therefore, the services they offer are top class and of high quality. It is important to note that most of the diseases that are handled in these hospitals need a high level of knowledge and skills, an attribute that the staffs already possess. The staffs are committed to ensuring the wellness of patients. As a result, patients are always willing to visit the facility since they are assured of top quality services. One of the reasons that may have contributed to the company having highly skilled staffs is the fact that it has its own training facilities where it trains medical personnel. The research facilities available in the organization also help in boosting the knowledge and skills of the staff. It is, therefore, in order to say that the research institutions and the training institutions are also strengths to the company (Berkowitz, 2011). The other factor contributing to the company’s strength is its locations. As it has been mentioned earlier, Vanderbilt University Medical Center has several branches of hospitals that offer services to patients. The branches are located in strategic points where they can reach a large number of patients. The locations are easily accessible by road. The company is well connected within the country. It is also well equipped with technological facilities that are used in enhancing the level of services offered. Techn
Clearly define the ethical dilemma and the key issues that you see as the most critical to this topic The management of nuclear waste has elicited much debate in the United States over the past 50 years (Stewart, 2010). As a result of globalization, there has been increased demand for more energy. According to Stewart (2010), nuclear power has in the past been used as a solution for dealing with the high demand. This is because it is more sustainable than the conventional forms as it produces low amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the creation of energy through nuclear reactions leads to the production of radioactive by-products that are dangerous to the environment. Stewart (2010), points out that these materials are potentially hazardous to the ecosystem surrounding the nuclear power plants. In reference to the Nuclear Energy Agency (2012), there has been rigorous debate regarding the ethical issues affecting nuclear waste management. Such debate has been mainly influenced by the social, cultural and professional backgrounds of the participants. Therefore, it is important to determine the interest of the different researchers when assessing such issues. This paper focuses on the ethical dilemmas that affect nuclear waste management and the role of different interest groups on determining proper management. In Reference to an article by Xiang and Zhou (2011), one must focus on the pros and cons of using nuclear energy when determining the ethical dilemmas in nuclear waste management. One major ethical issue in nuclear waste management is the impact that it has on the environment. On the positive side, nuclear energy is known to be the most sustainable form of energy. Moreover, there has been an increase in demand for the elimination of fossil fuel sources of energy due to the detrimental effects that they have on the environment. Therefore, nuclear energy is usually the more feasible alternative. On the other hand, the production of nuclear energy involves the mining of raw materials that are radioactive in nature and they pose health hazards. Shrader-Frechette (2005), notes that the disposal of the by-products from nuclear power plants can cause damage to the local residents living around the plant and the environment. The catastrophic nature of nuclear accidents is another ethical dilemma that faces geologists; there have been several nuclear disasters in the past that had detrimental effects on people and the environment. One such disaster noted by Xiang and Zhou (2011) was the Chernobyl disaster in 1986 in Europe that was caused by the release of large radioactive gases and particles to the environment. These kinds of disasters are often due to the susceptibility of the nuclear plants to malfuncti
Mathematics is a branch of science that has had far-reaching impacts on many spheres of life. Through mathematics, man has made remarkable advances in technology and other fields of life. Mathematics also provides us with a logical order for describing the various prototypes and structures that comprise nature. Mathematics is also responsible for some of the greatest breakthroughs that have been made by humanity so far. For instance, mathematics has played a hand in humanity’s foray into the cosmos and it has been responsible for the modern internet advancements. Albert Einstein once asked, “How can it be that mathematics, being after all a product of human thought which is independent of experience, is so admirably appropriate to the objects of reality?” (Ernest 9). This question is part of a big debate on whether math is a product of human creation or human discovery. Consequently, if math is part of human discovery what are some of the laws and notions that are subject to this discovery? This paper explores the issues surrounding the debate on whether math is a product of human creation or human discovery. First, it is important to note that math acts like the outline to our universe. Many mathematicians agree that the universe is governed by a singular order that is defined using mathematical principles. Consequently, even if the universe ceased to exist, all mathematical principles would still be true. Therefore, like other aspects of human nature, mathematics is part of human discovery. Furthermore, there are several mathematical principles that are yet to be discovered. When these principles are discovered, they “will then assist us in building models that will give us predictive power and understanding of the physical phenomena we seek to control” (Ernest 10). Therefore, math is a natural concept that is to be discovered and used by humanity. This argument is common among lovers of mathematics. Another viable explanation of the existence of mathematics is that it is merely part of the human creation. The argument about math being part of the intricate web of nature could be easily refuted by the view that human beings invented mathematics as a tool that could aid in the description of the physical world. Therefore, mathematics is only popular among human beings because it suits their needs when they are exploring the world. It is also true that some mathematical concepts have been changed and altered for them to be palatable to human beings. Furthermore, if the universe ceased to exist, there would be no need for mathematics and it would not exist. Mathematics has been made possible by geography, astronomy, and physics among other areas of universal studies. Mathematics exists solely to satisfy the needs of studying and understanding the universe but it is not part of these studies. Therefore, mathematics is not something that is discovered but it is a human creation. These two arguments form the basis of our understanding of the institution of mathematics. However, in my und
Introduction Humanistic theory is a psychological perspective towards the ‘self’. According to the theory, people are naturally good and if given freedom, they can be relied upon to make decisions in the right direction. This is means that the person thinks of him/herself as ‘I’ with his/her own perception familiarity. Through this perception, Maslow argues that every one has the liberty to make a choice of his/her behavior and should not be reactors of environmental stimuli nor rein forcers. When dealing with issues of self fulfillment, self esteem and personal needs we should select our own personality. The theory mainly looks at personal development. Maslow is convinced that every individual has certain specific needs which must be fulfilled in hierarchical order from the lowest need of basic wants, to need for security, then need for love and sense of belonging, then need for achievement and finally need for self actualization as the highest in that order. The view is also associated with Carl Rodgers and Clark Moustakas. Does this theory lend itself to being applied and how? The theory lends itself to being applied in the following ways; Firstly, the theory asserts that a vital aspect of human beings is focused at the present and not the future nor the past. Therefore when counseling, the counselor should seek to establish their clients needs at the present and advise on how they can be fulfilled without necessary looking into the future nor the past (future consequences are ignored). The theory assumes that healthy people psychologically must be accountable to themselves; whether their actions are wrong or right and the counselor’s role should be guidance on the basis of information and should not take over the decision making role of the client (Ernst S. and Lucy, 1981). Client’s actions might even be wrong; this should never be taken as a weakness but rather an acknowledgement of humanity and self interest. The theory’s principles are founded on the basis of human actions aimed at achieving understanding and personal growth. Is this theory used in other cultures and how does the book relate to Humanistic theory in cultures? The theory is widely used in other cultures both knowingly and unknowingly across the world. It is popular because it focuses on the principle that basic human goodness and respect for humanity is paramount across most communities of the world. Its foundation in acceptance of individual’s existence as well as existential psychology is widely used to make decisions and raising overall fulfillment in the world (Carlson, 2010). For example, in the early 1960s, conflict of war versus peace and desire to understand nature of human beings arose. It was during this period that humanistic theorists provided us with understanding for human beings’ desire for war for the sake of tomorrow’s or futures’ peace. The
Value Chain for Product and Service Differences There are numerous differences between service and product. First, a product is tangible while service is not. Nonetheless, products cannot be created and shipped/ delivered all at once. Another key difference consists in the fact that products can be inventoried. At the same time, services are better approved by the customers and have lower entry/ exit barriers. Moreover, when it comes to service design, location becomes one of the most important things (in the case of product design, location is not so pivotal). The last thing is the range of service systems which is inextricably linked to the inconsistency in demand. The elementary examples of product and service can be given based on Starbucks:   * Service (see Figure 1) Figure 1. Starbucks service flow chart.   * Product – baked goods, boxed tea, smoothies, and different types of coffee (see Figure 2) Figure 2. Starbucks product flow chart. Explanation of a Value Chain The very first draft of a value chain was developed by Michael Porter. It is a high-level model that is utilized to outline the progressions that delineate the processes of acquiring raw materials and adding value to them. The latter is done by developing the finished product and selling it to customers. The majority of companies also have to conduct a value chain analysis to evaluate every production stage and come up with certain innovations that will improve performance and efficiency. The ultimate objective is to obtain maximum value for the minimum cost and deliver this end product to the customers. In perspective, this allows the company to generate a competitive advantage. One of the basic examples may be a bakery. They may purchase the ingredients that are necessary to bake bread. In the end, they will add value by packaging the results of their products and delivering the product to local stores (see Figure 3). The value chain also includes the options regarding product marketing (how the product is going to be promoted to the local purchasers), logistics (how the product is going to be transported from point A to point B), and store operations (how the organization is going to manage its product stock and assortment). Figure 3. Bakery value chain example. Outsourcing Outsourcing is recurrently utilized by numerous businesses to minimize the overall costs. It is done by shifting some of the production responsibilities from the internal environment to outside contractors. The proper application of this strategy allows to cut costs significantly and make the best use of this competitive advantage. It can be explained by the fact that sometimes it
Since time immemorial, man has been struggling to make the world a better place to live in. Man has defined a better place to live in as a society that is free and just. Consequently, people have tried to implement rules and regulations that will make society as free and just as possible. On top, restrictions have been reduced as regards to trading between different countries in a move that is aimed at making life fair. However, life is about relationships between people and not about trade or political endeavors (Niebuhr 2002, 74). Therefore, it is upon human beings to make life bearable to them and to others in the society. A free and just society requires upholding of moral values. In this regard, there are some moral values which are considered as being crucial in sustaining a free and just society. It is the responsibility of people to make the society what they want it to be. Institutions are present but they cannot change human behavior. As a result, self responsibility is an important virtue in ensuring that society is bearable to live in. In this regard, people should be responsible for their own actions and the way they behave in the society (Koggel 2006, 88). No institution can work in the world except when everybody is self responsible. We can have rules and regulations in place, schools, the government and free trade, but all these can only help in advancing human life only if human beings uphold the value of self responsibility. Justice can only prevail if human beings assume responsibility of their actions and make life good for themselves and others. On the other hand, the belief in a supernatural being enhances the moral uprightness of human beings. Besides the materialistic needs, human beings need to satisfy their spiritual and psychological needs. Religious teachings help in regulating human behavior to conform to the requirements of the society. Research has shown that spiritual conformity ensures that rationalism is maintained in all aspects of human life. When people believe in God, they tend to be realistic in life and truth becomes part of their nature. These people will treat others fairly which makes society free for everybody (Niebuhr 2002, 112). Furthermore, self responsibility is enhanced when one is spiritually upright. It should be noted that religiosity enhances objectivity, logic and above all, ensures that people resolve their differences amicably. Moreover, spiritual teaching has been known to soften people’s hearts which reduces the tendency of people to be violent to one another. As a result, people who believe in the existence of
Introduction Controlled processes can be described as those attention processes that require an individual to draw upon central cognitive resources or rather the controlled attention. This processing therefore demands attention capacity, serialized in nature, effortful and open to conscious control (Dennis, 2010, p.1). Automatic attention on the other hand does not require one to draw upon such resources and therefore demands little or no attention capacity thus being analogous and hard to alter or suppress. Automatic processing will involve activities that do not require attention, can complete themselves without conscious control, and entail parallel processing like driving a car and listening to the radio or reading. Therefore, it is important to note that a process can become automatic through extensive practice like learning to walk and learning to drive. When a child is learning to walk they require controlled attention but when they perfect walking, it becomes an unconscious process. The same case applies to a driver who has years of experience and can easily drive while listening to a talk show at the same time. Distinction between automatic and controlled processing Generally automatic processes are rapid, for instance a skilled driver can shift a gear faster than a beginner. It is also effortless and entails lesser demands on concentration or attention like changing the gear and at the same time concentrating on a conversation and not concentrating on driving. Additionally, it is also unavailable to consciousness, for example a novice driver can possibly remember mainly of his efforts to change gear during a lesson but if a skilled driver is required to demonstrate the same they will most likely carry out the task less efficiently than how they would do it on a normal driving situation. Lastly, an automatic process is unavoidable because when we continually execute something it grows into a routine and we cannot evade doing it, for instance, majority of the drivers look in the rear-view mirror prior to overtaking. Controlled processing on the contrary will involve activities that require attention and conscious control for instance driving a car for the first time. Controlled processes are also slow since it is mostly applicable for novel circumstances that we are not conscious of how to respond to, promptly and reliably. They are also effortful and form profound demands on concentration; therefore the learner’s attentiveness must be intense. In
Introduction The article is trying to prove or test if living in greener areas is healthier. This is done in comparison with people who are living in less green areas. It is based on the fact that the quality of ones living environment has become a very important issue to many residents. In addition, it is also vital in spatial planning. The article specifically lays more emphasis on positive impacts of a high-quality residential surrounding. By doing this, more attention has been paid on public health and the general wellbeing of residents. Discussion The author uses the new urban spatial-mismatch to frame his research. This is because the article talks about spatial health differences. The author has gone ahead to imply that these differences are as a result of causation and selection. Furthermore, there is an argument that green areas attract wealthy people. In the long run, there will be a mismatch as green areas will only be inhabited by healthy people. The author is liberal in the article. This is because he is not trying to defend the situation on the ground. He argues that special attention should be paid to the mechanisms behind the relationship between health and green space. This article has been influenced by Verheij. The author refers to a previous article that Verheij had done on the relationship between health and urbanity (Verheij 21). This is further supported by the fact that people who live in rural areas are healthier than those who live in urban areas. Verheijs ideas seem to frame and provide the conceptual framework upon which this article is based. There are various mechanisms that can be used to tell why greener areas are mostly preferred by wealthy people (Verheij 32). The author relies on data from interviews. Health data was obtained from a study that had been conducted before. In this case, the interview was conducted among various random samples. Geographic information database was also used to obtain environmental data. The Netherland institute for health services also assisted with some important data. Adjustments had to be made to ensure that data is well received and recorded. The article concludes by arguing that selection effects can be used to offer a good explanation on the relationship between health and green space. Large living environments might not have the ability to reflect various differences. These differences can be in the composition of the population and neighborhoods. In addition, the article did not estab