ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The hypothesis of this study is to demonstrate that during this 21 st century the attitude of the students toward learning has changed a lot. To test and prove this hypothesis there is going to be made a survey, composed of a questionnaire made with students. Their selection will be made by random sampling. Sampling is a research methodology where one does not have to interview or collect data from the entire population. To have a good report the sample chosen should be representative of the general population. In this case, the area of drawing my samples will be in schools. I will distribute my prewritten questionnaires to students and tutors. The sample would include control groups as well as randomly selected groups. The target sample would include students in the age group of 10-17yrs from a total of 40 schools from four different areas. Out of the sample population, I will have 20% from junior high, 20% from senior high, and 60% from colleges and universities. In the said learning institutions, I will use the random selection method. This means that I will give the questionnaires randomly in the schools to ensure that I reduce any chances of biasness. The first part of the questionnaire will be composed of nominal variables like gender, ethnicity, age, etc. Independent, dependent, and outcome variables of the survey The two major variables that we will be trying to assess the relationship are the student’s attitude toward learning and 21 st -century classroom teaching. The first would be the dependent variable and the second one the independent variable. The major outcome of this research would be to demonstrate a causal relationship between the two variables; namely, that change in 21 st -century classroom teaching methodology has brought about changes in the attitude of students toward learning. Speaking in general terms, this would be predictive research as the main aim is “ to generalize from an analysis by predicting certain phenomena based on hypothesized general relationships ” (Hayashi, 2007). To be more specific, the two major variables can be divided into numerous minor variables, socio–economic indicators. These will be used to assess the relationship between the two major variables. One socio-economic indicator/variable would be the use of computers in the nowadays classroom as a method of teaching. Computers are new devices unavailable to previous generations of students and have already proven to have an impact on human behavior. We aim to demonstrate that their usage in classrooms has an impact on students’ attitudes on learning as well. A second indicator would be the use of interactive boards inside classrooms. The combination of interactive visual effects in teaching is something new and that forces the mind to respond differently than without it. A third indicator would be the use of the blogosphere in research and learning. Prior generations had not the possibility to discuss and interact with each other regarding homework or an issue as fast and with as much information as today’s students can through the use
Disability is a condition that makes people unable to carry out their normal daily activities. Disabilities manifest themselves differently in each individual and their severity varies from person to person. These disabilities can range from poor eye sight which can be considered mild to brain injury which in this case is a severe disability. (McIntosh & Philips, 2002) This case study seeks to explore the concept of disability with reference to paraplegia, a condition I chose due to its prevalence and severity as well as the impact it has on the society. My discipline is nursing and I also wanted to show its prevalence and severity as well as its relevance to the nurses. Paraplegia is a form of disability that involves the paralysis of the lower body out of a spinal cord injury (SCI). This paralysis can either be complete or incomplete and the major cause of this condition is a severe injury experienced in the spinal cord that impairs the nervous system making it impossible for the brain to communicate with the body’s lower part. This injury causes extensive damage to the spinal cord which in turn affects the mobility of the lower body and in this condition, both legs are affected and the trunk may also be affected. It is important to note that the extent of damage does not go to the arms of the victim (Spinal Injury Network, 2009). Statistics show that paraplegia is recording new cases every year resulting mostly from automobile accidents on our roads. In the United Kingdom, up to 666 patients with paraplegia were admitted in the spinal injury centre in 2000. Those admitted in hospital with diseases related paraplegia totalled to 159. This brings the total to 825 and this does not include those who were admitted in general hospitals. These statistics also exclude those who died on the spot from paraplegic related injuries. In the United States for example, up to 11,000 cases are reported yearly and these are seen to be alarming figures (Apparelyzed, 2008) (a). It is estimated that up to 250, 000 people are living with paraplegia and the yearly deaths related to paraplegia are placed at 6%. This condition is common with young men below the age of 26 and drugs and alcohol have been linked to the many accidents that lead to spinal cord injuries (Jewett, 2010). The known causes for spinal cord injury (SCI) include trauma or disease that affects the spinal cord. Trauma encompasses those distresses got from falls, automobile or motorcycle injuries, injuries resulting from sporting activities as well as those got from gun shots among others. Jewett (2010) states “Diseases that may cause damage to the spinal cord include spinal bifida, polio, friedreichs ataxia and transverse myelitis among others” (p, 67) Lesion is the word used to refer to the damage that is caused to the spine. “Paraplegia can therefore be adequately defined as the injuries that occur in the lumbar, the thoracic and in the sacral regions and these injuries can be referred to as complete or incomplete depending on their severity” (Riva, 2001).. Complete spinal injury implies that
Introduction Electrical resistance is a measure of opposition of flow of electric current within a conductor. Devices which have been designed to specifically offer this ability with electrical importance are called resistors. There are many types of resistors which are classified as either fixed resistors or variable resistors. The values of fixed resistors do not change, thus are fixed. However, variable resistors change based on their control specifications. They are also called potential meters and they include Thermistors, rheostats and varistors. This paper examines the working mechanism and applications of Thermistors Thermistor: Principle of Operation Thermistors are special kind of variable resistors whose resistance changes with changing temperature i.e. a change in thermal temperature results in changes in its resistance value (Fraden 532). This change can be interpreted or converted to electrical signals. This is the basic principle of operation of all Thermistor Thermistors are classified as electronic temperature sensors because they detect temperature changes within it application range or environment, and sends required signals within a designate circuitry. Their typical temperature values ranges from -40 to 200 0 C, and operational resistance in kW range (Fraden 532). The major specifications to be considered when using a Thermistor include its resistance temperature curve, nominal resistance value, resistance tolerance and the better tolerance. Assumption to any of these factors may result in damaging a Thermistor. The Thermistor equations below show some of the relations that may influence Thermistor’s principle of operation: R = R 0 exp β (1/T-1/T 0 ) and P=C (T 2 -T 1 ), Where T, T 0 are ambient temperatures; R, R 0 are corresponding resistances and β is a constant, and for powered dissipation P, C is the thermal dissipation constant (Padmanabhan 426). Types of Thermistor Thermistors can either be negative temperature coefficient, NTC or positive temperature coefficient, PTC. For NTC Thermistor, resistance decreases proportionally with temperature whi
Introduction Timely and correct evaluation of production indicators is the key to business success since accurate forecasts regarding the development of a certain company can be made about specific indicators. If it is the world-famous retailer like Walmart, its metrics need to be monitored since failures in the operation of such a large network are fraught with significant losses for its management. Moreover, each of these metrics has a separate purpose and is analyzed both in terms of efficiency and appropriateness. Marketing techniques used by corporate leadership are not always effective. However, small firms can quickly eliminate the consequences of illiterate planning, but when it is about such a global corporation, it is problematic to quickly rebuild the strategy of work. Reasonable measurements of Walmart’s marketing indicators will allow assessing the level of importance of this large trading network for the market and also tracing the consumer interest in this world shop group. Portfolio of Metrics The marketing metrics of Walmart should be taken into account because this retailer is rightfully considered one of the most popular in the world. The evaluation of this corporation’s indicators can be very useful for both start-ups and experienced market players. The first metric is the distribution of investments. Distribution of Marketing Investments One of the most important marketing indicators is the distribution of investments because this sphere is the main basis for planning and any financial forecast. Thus, even though judging by the official data, at the beginning of 2017, Walmart’s gross profit was slightly more than $ 120 million, there is no significant growth (“Wal-Mart Stores Inc. (WMT ) ”). Nevertheless, this amount has not become smaller, which confirms a little progress for one year of work. The significance of this metric is that the marketing budget should be fully recorded in the calendar, indicating which percentage of the budget is used in each channel, and what goals are planned to be achieved through each campaign. Cost of Customers’ Attraction If the analytics department knows this metric, it is possible to calculate the effectiveness of any channel of customers’ attraction or a marketing campaign. Based on the findings, there is an opportunity to abandon inefficient channels and focus on profitable directions. The cost of customers’ attraction is calculated simply enough. As Rollins et al. note, it is necessary to divide the price of any marketing campaign (the number of investments in a certain channel for attracting customers) by the number of attracted clients (2729). According to the customers’ rating, it is possible to trace the degree of clients’ satisfa
Introduction In an organization, conflicts are always inevitable. It is thus essential for the management of an organization to have a clear understanding of conflicts and the effects they may have (Anderson, 2012). This paper shall therefore focus on conflicts, stress, and consensus decision-making in a working environment. Potential Conflicts Competition is a common conflict in a working environment. Competition can be positive if it leads to an increase in the overall performance of an organization, for instance, when two or more employees compete to earn a high bonus. This can be viewed as a positive conflict since the overall revenue of the organization shall increase considerably. However, when an employee with the worst performance rate competes with another employee who has the best performance, negative conflict may arise. This is because this form of competition may result into frustrations hence reducing the overall performance of an organization. Spurring creativity is also a positive conflict that arises when employees argue about different ideas all of which can improve the overall performance of an organization. A manager or a supervisor is supposed to encourage this form of conflict. Personal conflict on the other hand is an example of negative conflict. Personal differences among individuals normally lead to a drop in the performance of individuals hence reducing the overall productivity of the organization. Harassment is another form of negative conflict within a working environment. The management should discourage physical, sexual, and verbal forms of harassment since they may lead to development of negative attitudes that usually reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of performance. Discrimination in form of color, sex, religion or any other ground is also a negative conflict and it should not be encouraged by the management. Stress Stress among employees occurs in an event where the demands o
Judging from the information provided, the hostage taker falls into the category of a mentally disturbed individual (Miller, 2005). The 42-year-old male hostage taker appears to be psychotic, delusional and mentally unstable considering the demands he places in order to free his captive who happens to be a member of his family and friend. In addition, it is possible that the hostage taker has an explosive personality since his victims are closely related to him. Judging from the hostage’s situation, my role would be to directly engage the hostage taker in negotiations in order to harness the situation and conduct psychological profiling of the victims and the host taker (Fernald, 2008). The hostage’s situation is usually very delicate and critical during three key periods. The initial period of the negotiation which ranges between 15 to 45 minutes is usually characterized by tension. They are also delicate because during the surrender of the hostage taker, ambivalence and strong emotional responses are highly likely from the hostage taker. Tactical rescue operations by members of the rescue team may pose the greatest danger since the possibility of the hostages being harmed in the process is high. In the very first minutes, my main role would primarily be to establish the demands of the hostage taker and determine his mental state, the current situation of the hostages and more importantly, to calm down the situation (Fernald, 2008). Calmness and professionalism are vital at this stage since they can make or break the negotiation process. After 30 minutes, the situation will be assessed and appraised to determine the criticality of the dangers involved especially to the hostages. If nothing threatening is observed within this period, it is mostly likely that the danger involved will be minimal. If the hostage taker proceeds to endanger the life of any of the victims after the period of heightened tension has subsided, this will mean that the negotiation process will be failing and speedy action will need to be taken to avert more casualties (Green & Groff, 2003). Under such circumstances, the only option likely to be taken is a tactical assault rescue by trained and well equipped members of the crisis response teams. Such an operation should be carried out with absolute precision if a life threatening situation is to be avoided (Vecchi, Hasselt & Romano, 2005). During the first 45 minutes, I will establish myself as the contact person for the kidnapper with the outside world and skillfully draw his attention away from the victims thereby giving them time to calm themselves down. The focus will not be to address the demands of the hostage taker but to wear down his mental aggression through calm and persuasive dialogue. After an hour has passed and not ugly incidents have been witnessed, it will be important to switch positions with a female negotiator. This will be a tactical move aimed at solidifying the gains made so far in the negotiation process and will create an assurance to the hostage taker by introducing the soft and nurturing voice of a woman. This will further calm down the host taker. It
The quality of products and services discussed The quality of Kalimah Brand products is very high. The designs are eye-catching with Arabic calligraphy and well-blended colors that appeals to all generations. Since the brand was launched back in the year 2008, its designs have never failed to turn heads. The designs are characterized by Arabian coffee dallahs that have been infused with pink shades to make exotic and stylish combinations. The Arabic sayings embedded on most of the polo shirts and the colorful Najdi flats beat many other brands in both quality and artistry. Kalimah Brands are unique because they also use traditional shimagh in the design of their pieces. This adds a Saudi and Khaleeji flare to the outfits. Even the garments and other materials used in the making of the products are chosen very selectively. The garments are modified with embroidery and print to add the value and quality of all the company’s merchandise. How it Affected our Team Marketing an international clothing brand like Kalimah Brand had a lot of significance to our group. The company itself has set high standards in the way it produces and designs its products so we had to be extra careful not to undersell the company. The company has designed products that have been bought all over the world. For this reason, my group had to come up with a very strong marketing campaign. Brainstorming and effecting the marketing idea forced us to engage in a lot of dialogue, coming up with a lot of trial options and active participation of everyone. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Facebook Groups as Networking Avenues Facebook use is so popular worldwide, which makes it a very brilliant avenue for getting your brand known out there. By using the site it is easy to know the number of people liking your product and also the number that is talking about it. Facebook also snowballs, in that when a user likes your group, it shows on their profile and Facebook news feeds so all their friends can also see it. Using Facebook also gave us the advantage of using images. The disadvantage of using Facebook is that being a social networking site, users are more focused on chatting with their friends. Therefore many Ads go unnoticed. Explanation of the Kalimah Brand for Creating Group Being the most widely used social site, we decided that creating a Facebook group would allow for an integration between the company’s e-store, our Facebook page and the customers. The group we created for marketing the brand was the most optimal way of creating a forum for discussion that would involve the target market. It provided the customers with an avenue for airing their contentment, suggestions and complaints. Through Facebook customers can also know of other sales outlets such as the e-store. Potential of Such a Networking Group Advertising through Facebook groups has so many benefits that have the potential of putting the Kalimah Brand on the international map. Since it is a social network, its adverts seem more relevant than those done on other sites such as email because they come from friends. A message from a friend is more relevant than that from a stranger that comes in the f
Introduction In the past the rate of population growth in Canada did not originate from immigration but through occurrences of natural birth that were more than the incidences of death. However in the period from 1901 to 1911, a huge advent of immigrants from the East Europe came to Canada. Nevertheless this tendency has changed since the early 1990. The population growth in Canada has resulted from the changing immigration trends in Canada (Bone, 2003). This change is important as it helps to predict the future legal requirements. Close to twenty percent of the Canadians population is made up of the first Canadian generation; more than fifty percent normally originate from America or European countries (Bone, 2003). Nevertheless the period from 1991 to 1996 only twenty two percent arrived from these areas (Saul, 1997). Recently half the immigrant population comes from India as well as Asia whereby in the past it only accounted for fourteen percent of the immigrant population in Canada (Saul, 1997). It is noteworthy that the immigrants do not form one group thereby making their lawful requirements diverse. A large portion of the immigrants tend to have a larger salary than the native Canadians. However, the majority of the immigran
Introduction It is undoubtedly clear that globalization is one of the hotly debated topics over the past century. Many scholars, and researchers alike, equate this increased debate to the tremendous impacts that have resulted from globalization. Various cultures and countries have been able to respond differently to globalization and the myriad of effects that come with it. In this paper, the major focus is going to be on assessing the impact of globalization and increased modernity throughout the world—with a special case study on Singapore. However, in doing so, other related countries—especially those in Asia that have contributed to Singapore’s globalization in one way or another—will also be mentioned. But before we delve further into highlighting these issues, what do we really mean when we talk of globalization? Preliminarily, Streeten (1998) asserts that “globalization is transforming trade, finance, employment, migration, technology, communications, the environment, social systems, ways of living, cultures, and patterns of governance.” In essence, his definition is hugely pegged on the concept of liberalization due to the tearing down of economic market barriers. Moreover, Goyal (2006, p.1) says that “the term Globalization refers to the integration of economies of the world through uninhibited trade and financial flows, as also through mutual exchange of technology and knowledge.” This definition is additionally supported by Britton (2010) who affirms that, in Globalization, barriers to trade are vehemently broken down so as to pave way for reduced capital controls and the cutting down of transportation costs. In turn, this promotes efficacy of economic markets and smooth running of trade. It is inherent to note that increased modernity mostly comes as a result of endeavors such as globalization and industrialization. Essentially, globalization in Singapore did not just begin recently; its roots can be traced back to the early years of industrial revolution where social, political and economic changes were taking place across Asia, Europe and as well as other parts of the world (Koh, 2010, p.21-23). From that time up to now, globalization in Singapore has witnessed immense revolution; taking a lot of economic twists and turns to make it the vital business force it is today (Amaldas, 2009, p.982-983). All these are embodied in the circumspect discussions done below. Social, Political, and Cultural Impacts of Globalization and Increased Modernity on Populations across the World—Case Study on Singapore Causes of Globalization and Increased Modernity Fundamentally, there are many factors that have catalyzed the evolution of globalization in Singapore. These can, however, be scholarly summarized under the umbrella of three factors namely: technological, economic and sociopolitical factors. Starting with the technological factors, it is notable that there are innumerable technologies that have propelled Globalization. However, the inception of the internet is considered as the most important of them all based on the fact that many other tech