ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction When speaking on the topic of life, and the importance of vital values for oneself, one cannot avoid mentioning the era of enlightenment and the legendary German philosopher, Immanuel Kant. In an essay in which he gave the definition of the term “enlightenment,” he scrutinized the problem and provided his reasonable opinion on how the issue of ignorance can be resolved. According to Fleischacker, “Kant tells us in the opening line of the essay that enlightenment is the exit of human beings from their self-incurred immaturity” (13). First, it is important to understand that the opposite of enlightenment is not a state of ignorance, but an emotive dimness, a state of irresponsibility. In order to cure this immaturity, one has to take responsibility for his or her own knowledge and not by simply acquiring information. Second, human immaturity is self-inflicted, and the way to overcome it is an act that must be performed by an individual himself. Other people cannot enlighten you – therefore, you must enlighten yourself. An entire society can move toward enlightenment, if only it allows freedom of expression. One can see that enlightenment is a moral act, for Kant – indeed a moral obligation (Fleischacker 16). Analysis The act of enlightenment is closely connected with the phenomenon of a meaningful life. What does it mean to live a meaningful life? There are a number of values that allow an individual to live a meaningful life: health, relationships, passions, growth, and contribution. Happiness also plays an important part in living a meaningful life. Happiness is achieved internally, through living a life that is filled with passion and freedom, a life in which one can grow and contribute to others in meaningful ways. It is of the essence to remember that only happiness gives an individual the feeling of living meaningfully, not just material things (Millburn and Nicodemus 48). A meaningful life can also be defined as an individual’s signature strengths and virtues being used in the service of something much larger than that individual. What is important to understand is that meaning in life is described as a flexible point that delivers the circumstances from which contentment ascends, and may subsidize the basis of overall pleasure, which in turn is individual well-being. The meaning in life is continuously, positively associated with life satisfaction – a component/part of subjective well-being (Santos et al. 34). There are numerous other opinions on what might be the essential ingredients to a meaningful life. Johnson, for example
Introduction Mercy and compassion are the key concepts in Christian religious studies. In modern English, these two words are synonyms, and they describe a feeling that a human being has when he or she sees another person suffering. Basically, it means sharing suffering. In religious studies, these terms could be considered in regards to both God’s attitude toward humans and relationship between human beings. It is important to estimate similarities and differences in this concept’s meaning in the Old Testament and the New Testament. Divine Mercy and Compassion in the Old Testament In the Old Testament, mercy is a fundamental characteristic of God. In Exod 34:6, He is named “merciful” and “abounding in steadfast love” (Balentine 16). Term “mercy” characterized God’s attitude toward Israel people and provides a basis for Israel’s restoration after the Exile (Neh 9:17). However, God is merciful not only to Sinai. He demonstrates his compassion to all His Creatures. In particular, Divine Mercy connotes the compassion toward sinners (Ps 145:8). It was stated that people might repent, and they will be forgiven. Divine mercy and love is considered as a reason for people’s repentance. Therefore, according to the Old Testament, God’s creature did not have to deserve His love and mercy. They felt it in all situations. They could pray for Divine mercy and compassion (Balentine 16). Divine Mercy and Compassion in the New Testament The God’s attitude toward Israeli people description did not change. Similar to the Old Testament, in the New Testament, God is described as merciful toward them (for example, Jonah 4:2; Pss 86:15; 103:8; 145:8; Rom 9:15) (Balentine 16). However, the general concept was changed. In the New Testament, mercy and compassion relate to Jesus. God’s son provided compassion for poor and dispossessed people and also to sinners (Matt 9:13; 9:27; 15:22; 17:15; 20:30–31; Mark 10:47–48; Luke 16:24; 17:13; 18:38–39) (Balentine 16). Therefore, it could be stated that God’s fundamental characteristic was represented in His Son Jesus. Mercy and Compassion in Human Relationship Mercy and compassion are also basic characteristics of relations between humans. Both the Old Testament and the New Testament underline that people should be merciful and provide love, help, and compassion toward each other (Exod 2:21–27; Ps 111:4; Matt 6:2–3; Luke 11:41; 12:33) because God does it toward all people (Balentine 16). In the New Testament, acts of mercy got the additional interpretation. Christ was identified with people’s poverty and needs. Therefore, almsgiving is not a simple act of mercy; it is a way to communicate with God through His Son (Cor 8:9). This idea obtained further developing in other Bible texts (Balentine 16). Conclusion It could be concluded that divine mercy and compassion understanding was changed in the New Testament. “Merciful” was a crucial description of God’s attitude toward Israel people as well as toward all his creatures. In the New Testament, Divine mercy toward Israel people is also mentioned. However, some changes between mercy and com
Introduction The achievement of workplace equity in the United States employment field remains one of the most difficult cases that courts have to deal with. The key people that have been affected by workplace discrimination being mostly marginalized individuals, people of color and women. There have been prevalent discrimination in employment, consumer markets, the transportation industry, and education throughout the United States (Turner, 2020). Despite the United States being a country with complex labor history, the nation is still struggling to reconcile some key past atrocities. Among them are the slavery and Jim Crow that has articulated and advocated for justice and equity for all. Workplace discrimination remains a key challenge despite efforts to implement a national policy on equality in employment opportunities. This case study aims to evaluate some of the key questions that entail: Why workplace discrimination remains a central justice issue in American culture? Secondly, how does the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act help to alleviate challenges brought about by workplace discrimination? Thirdly, what are the ways that can be used to address the gap in awareness that may lead to employer liability? This study is significant because it will help provide insight into a critical aspect facing the court system in the United States since Title VII of the Civil Rights Act was enacted. The paper follows a thesis that aims at studying race discrimination in the workplace since Title VII was enacted. Literature Review According to Astrada (2017), America has been facing a period marred with an oppressive employment system of legal segregation and slavery for almost ten decades. However, the author provides an insight into the matter by claiming that the policy concerning workplace discrimination took a dramatic turn in the early 1960s upon adoption of the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act by Congress (Astrada, 2017). The move served as the first legislative stand that propelled the nation towards realizing the national policy on the aspect of employment equity, at the moment when the nation is experiencing a situation where employer’s subject black employees to a different working environment as compared to their white counterparts, it is clear that the country’s decision on ultimate equity in the workplace is still dwindling. Therefore, it is clear that most workplace discrimination acts are manifested in masked and subtle discrete forms rather than in the explicit form championed in the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. According to Martin (2018), the court system in the United States remains divided on their evaluation of the difference in employment discrimination action that is a requirement in establishing a prima facie case of inequality (Martin, 2018). The majority of the courts claim that there have been advantage
Every business idea is developed with the aim of making profit. However, making profit is not as easy as one may conceive from an idea. Woolridge & Gray (2006) stress the importance of adopting a practical and a proactive approach in control and management of costs. The outcome is as good as how well costs are managed and control. In the Lemonade Stand business discussed in this report, the key factors managed to ensure profitability of the business are costs and pricing. Costs incurred either from assets purchase or inventory were all managed in a manner that does not put the business to loss while at the same ensuring that the Lemonade was up to the client’s taste and requirement. Additionally, pricing was controlled in such a manner that the costs incurred were all considered and adequately covered. The transactions taking place during the period are shown in the attached appendices 1.To evaluate how well the business performed, a number of business ratios were developed based on its income/revenue statement and the balance sheet entries. See the tables below for the two financial statements. Table 1: Income statement Income Statement Revenues          184.10 Less: Expenses    62.22  Net Income        121.88  Table 2: Balance sheet Balance Sheet     Assets:                   Cash               184.10 Inventories        3.03   Equipment          9.00   Total Assets       196.13 Liabilities               Accounts Payable   34.25  Total Liabilities  34.25  Equity                    Owner’s Capital    40.00  Retained Earnings  121.88 Total Equity       161.88  The two tables generally represent the financial position of the company at the end of the first seasons trading period. From the income statement, it can be conclusively affirmed that the business made considerable profits assuming no taxes were charged. Additionally, the balce sheet shows the position of the company with respect equity and asset portfolio at the end of the first season. To further develop a comprehensive analysis of the business, a number of business ratios were used to evaluate the businesses performance. These include: Return of Equity (ROE), Return on Assets (ROA), Current ratio, profitability margin, and Debt to Equity ratio. In Woolridge & Gray (2006) the authors state that ROE is useful in describing the profit generated from shareholder investment while ROA indicates the how efficiently assets are used to generate earnings. The current ratio was used in this evaluation to evaluate how able the business is to pay for its long short-term debts. Profitability ratio on the other hand provided a basis upon which the business cost management and pricing strategies worked to its advantage or disadvantage (Woolridge & Gray (2006). Finally, Debt to equity ratio provided a measure of the company’s financial leverage. The calculated ratios are as shown in the table below: Table 3: Financial Ratios Financial Ratios            Return on equity       75%  Return on Assets       62%  Profitability ratio    66%  Current Ratio          5.46 Debt to equity ratios  1.21  During the first period, the company records a ROE of 75% much far beyond the often desired 15-20%.
Introduction In the contemporary world, people are trying to find solutions to various things through technology. The invention of robotics to replace the human being in doing some chores has brought controversies in the society. Essentially, robots are machineries that think and act like human beings in tough situations. Robots have replaced the human being in performing dull, dirty, and dangerous jobs. People have always questioned the mischief that the robots may cause if things go differently than planned. Indeed, robotic errors can cause serious damages that are irreversible. Physical injuries, for example, are irreversible and the mischief can even cause massive deaths. However, as this paper will discuss, the number of people who want to have things done automatically has risen significantly; therefore, the development of robotics is quite helpful. Robotics for the disabled In any society, disabled people are unable to carry on with their daily errands because of their inability. Small children with chronic heart or lung disorders, for example, find it difficult to attend school and intermingle with other children. Parents would find it worthwhile to tutor their disabled children at home, but the system is somewhat boring for small children who anticipate exploring the world. The robots are the solution, but the robotics technology is quite expensive to purchase and maintain. In fact, robots would be unstable whenever they lose the internet connections (Brown, 2013). However, objecting robots because of their expensiveness is inappropriate as parents can hold fund raisings, or seek help from the governmental societies that deal with the disabled to obtain funds. In fact, in the near future, the price of robots will drop, and anybody who needs one can afford to own and maintain it. Despite the high costs of the robotic systems, it is worth noting that nothing can make a parent happier than experiencing the joy of a disabled child. Robots remain the best option, as they will connect the children with the happenings in the school. With the robotics technology, children will be able to control the robots using home computers at the comfort of their beds. They will dress the robot with their favorite clothes, communicate with the teacher using the robot, and swivel it around the classroom to experience the fun of intermingling with other students. Educationalists are advocating for the use of robotics, as they are valuable alternatives to tutoring. With the rise in the number of homebound or hospitalized school going children, the robots can play a significant role in educating the children instead of letting them lag behind academically. As they continue recovering, the children can benefit from the web-based videos. Automatic appliances Technologists have developed automatic machineries that can convey messages to the human beings in one way or another. Some robots can see, hear, feel, and react to an incident (Diana, 2013). In fact, people have turned out to adore the robots more than required. Some people have created emotion bonds with the robot
Situation Analysis Porsche Panamera is one of the car models that have been developed by Porsche in the recent past, having been developed in 2009 (Challen, 8). The model was developed to boost the company’s sales through its innovative design that would ensure better performance, comfort, and safety of the users (Challen, 8). The increasing customer needs witnessed in the automobile industry include user safety, comfort, and fuel consumption and the model has managed to meet some of these needs. Market Summary Porsche Panamera has a thorough understanding of the market trends and the changing needs of the clients in the automobile industry. The management of the company believes that its research center, Weissach, is equipped with all the necessary knowledge and technology to develop models that are needed in the market (Challen, 9). The company will make use of this asset to have a better understanding of the market trends as well as how to communicate to their clients. Market Demographics The company focuses on luxury and comfort. As such, the clients of this company are among those with the highest hold income. In 2007, the Porsche brand had the highest household income with an average of $187,705 (Anon, para.1). About four fifths of the clients are males and the average age is about 40 (Anon, para.3). These trends hold in the current market. Market Needs The industry is characterized by a number of customer needs that form the basis for competition. Clients opt for brands that are fast (efficient engines), fuel-efficient (less fuel consumption), cheap, and yet provides high level of comfort. The safety of the users in terms of the vehicle’s stability during use is another important need of the clients. Market Trends The automotive industry has been regaining momentum after the 2008-2009 crises and significant increase in sales was witnessed in 2010 (about 6.9 million units sold globally) compared to 2009 (TransitList, para.1). It has also been forecasted that the sales for 2011 will be hire and the trend is likely to continue due to production of electric vehicles (TransitList, para.1). Market Growth The sales at Porsche saw a significant decline between 2009 and 2010 for its earlier models. Most of the models that the company had developed by 2009 had significant decrease in sales in 2010 in the European and the US markets. In the Western Europe, the sales for 911 decreased by 20% in the second quarter of 2010 compared to a year before, Cayenne sales reduced by 22%, Boxster reduced by 16% while Cayman reduced by 18% (European Autos Data Book, 84). In the United States, the sales for Cayenne reduced by 50%, 911 reduced by 15% while the sales of Boxster and Cayman increased by 28% (European Autos Data Book, 84). In this second quarter, the sale
John Steinbeck’s The Pearl is a novel that was published in 1947 that retells an old Mexican tale. It is a story of a poor Indian pearl diver, named Kino who lived in La Paz with his wife, Juana, and his son Coyotito. At first, the family is seen to be contented with their lifestyle despite the challenges Kino has to face to provide a meal for his family. However, things begin to change when Coyotito is bit by a scorpion, and his parents begin to find ways to treat him. The only doctor that is capable of treating Coyotito refuses to treat him because Kino is not able to pay for the treatment. In the pursuit for money to treat his son, Kino discovers an enormous pearl that will forever be referred to as “ the pearl of the world ”. This paper explores the greed, and evil portrayed by the indigenous Indians in John Steinbeck’s The Pearl . As the title of the book suggests, the story is based on the enormous pearl Kino finds, and the events that took place as people tried to hunt Kino for possessing the pearl . From their way of life, it is evident that the Indians living in La Paz lead a poor lifestyle, and have accepted their role in life. Kino who is the central character in the novel owns a boat that he inherited from his father and grandfather. Other than this, he only owns the hut they live in, and a couple of clay cooking utensils. The fact that The Pearl is seen as an object that could change ones position in life, it changes people from being idyllic to cheaters, murderers, and traitors. In the beginning, Kino and his wife, Juana are contented with the few possessions they have, but after discovering the pearl , they irreparably change; they become ambitious, greedy, and violent. Kino’s family even plans to spend the money by improving their lifestyle once they sell their fortune. Basically, the great pearl is a tool used to bring change among the peaceful Indian people living in a foreign country. The doctor and the pearl buyers represent the hypocrisy and exploitation facing the Indians in La Paz. This is seen when the doctor heartlessly refuses to treat Coyotito just because his father could not afford it; he does not care whether the boy lives or dies, all he cares about is the money he gets from people. On the other hand, the pearl buyers propose a very low price with the aim of exploiting Kino, once they noticed that he desperately needed the money. Using songs in literal works is a cultural tradition that is traced from Indians; in this case, Kino tends to hear songs playing in his head every time he has a strong feeling about something. A story that started in an idyllic enviro
In the last two centuries, the world has experienced an explosion in population growth. Although this growth has significantly slowed down in the past few years, there is still a general increase in world population. This growth has increased demand for resources. In order to survive, man has come up with new methods of farming and production of energy. All this has been done without considering how it would affect the environment. The result is that we are talking too little too late about this problem. This is being done without taking measures to ensure there is a clean and safe environment. This has brought about global warming and a host of other problems. Just like with any other problem, these issues require solutions that override selfishness and greed especially in the developed world. The solutions should also inspire new technologies and motivate great leadership. (Arizpe, etal 240) Great cities that have come up around the world are a sign of population growth among countries. In bringing up these cities, there is always the need for land to put up buildings. In turn, the buildings require some resources like trees and stones. It is important to plant trees and create parks in these cities so that the environment is preserved. Afforestation should be carried out to replenish trees that have been used in the buildings. Besides, the magnitude of quarrying that can be carried out in one area should be limited. We should also replant the quarries instead of leaving them bare. There should also be careful planning in a city’s development so that the city can handle the intended human capacity without major problems like traffic jam, water shortage among other obstacles. (Zuckerman& Jefferson 94) While exploiting mineral resources like oil, natural gas, diamond, coal and gold, care should be taken to ensure that the environment is preserved as much as possible. One way of doing this is by creating and empowering a body that will be expected to carry out a comprehensive research on how the mining will impact the environment. The body should also draft the best way and methods that the mining can be carried out. It should also adopt measures that should be taken to ensure that the environment is not hurt before any mining can begin. This body should constantly monitor mining activities to ensure that mining companies stick to environmental safety rules. There should also be a report on environmental impact analysis carried out by a team of environmental experts. In the long run, it would be better to have a global body to do this kind of