ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Gun control debate has gained a lot of momentum within the past few months. The article by Krouse (21) on gun control clearly brings up a contentious debate that has been in existence for the last few months since President Barrack Obama was sworn in for a second term in office. There has been increasing cases of homicide in the recent past. The shooting of students and their teachers by a gun wielding criminal, the indiscriminate shooting of holiday makers at an island and many other such cases have made various authorities reconsider the law that allows people to own guns. When an individual is able to attack holiday makers in an island and kill a number, then it means that there is a problem somewhere that the government must address. When the law was enacted, the main aim was to increase security among the civilians. When the gadget proves to be a source of threat, then it is a clear indication that something must be done to ensure that security for all Americans is achieved. This has made a large section of Americans consider enacting gun control legislations that would limit type of guns, and people who are allowed to own guns in this country. On the other hand, there is another group that opposes any attempt to control guns in this country, citing the security of the civilians when they are denied opportunity to own guns. The argument has been whether or not the government should come up with measures that would control the type of guns that people own, and to determine who deserve to own a gun. The proponents of gun control act cite increasing number of homicide and suicide cases. Opponents cite security of the civilians. This study will be focusing on the need to enact laws that shall regulate ownership of guns in this country as stated by Krouse. Krouse (36) says that the United States of America is one of the developed economies in the world. The living standards of the Americans are above the average. Insecurity is therefore, not a big problem to people of this nation. However, the scholar notes that this does not mean that there are no crimes in this country. Although the country does not have high incidents of organized crimes where criminals attack people for the purpose robbing them, incidents where one attacks another over conflicts is common. The recent cases of homicide are a worrying trend because the targets are innocent children and adults. The United States is a generally secure country. This scholar appreciates the fact that gun control may come with some negative consequences. For instance, there was an incident where one complained that denying civilians access to guns may jeopardize their security, especially single mothers. Gold (114) gives a case where a single mother is attacked by a group of four men in her house. This woman is faced with a scenario where she has to protect the life of her children and hersel
Reasons for Joint Ventures According to Thompson (2011, p. 5), a joint venture is a corporate strategy that a company seeks to improve profits through increasing sales and involves entering new markets and production of new products. A joint venture can occur outside or inside the business unit. There are many reasons that can make a company adopt this form of diversification. The company seeking for a joint venture makes decisions based on the need to create economies of scale, improve financial performance, increase market power, improve profit stability, and accelerate growth. A company takes advantage of differences in geographical distances, sharing of information, improvement in technology and innovation, ability to share costs, ability to share learning and experience, and brand name to improve its performance in sales and profits. Joint ventures have helped companies take advantage of opportunities in the market with reduced costs and with fast effectiveness in profits and sales. A joint venture can also fail to achieve business objectives. A joint venture increases risks of investing resources when the corporate strategy fails. Managers should take time to understand customers and the market before a making decision on forming a joint venture. The company must allocate managers strong enough to deal with the divaricating strategy, decide on the control over the business, and evaluate the strength of the company to engage in such a venture. It must also take time to analyze and understand the risks involved before committing time, finances, and other resources in the venture (Thompson 2011, p.9). Introduction to Sony Ericsson Mobile Communication A collaboration occurs when two or more
Due to recent changes in the health sector, nursing professionals find themselves in stressful situations that often lead to burnout. One of the root causes of stress is increased workload (Collie, 2005). Others get stressed because they lack the necessary skills to work well and especially when assisting the aged. Though I have not experienced stress or violence in the workplace, there is so much stress among home healthcare givers. The few nurses available always have to work for more than one agency and attend to many patients. Besides having to deal with rising gas costs as they are made to move from place to place, nurses suffer from tiredness and waste so much time in between. Apart from causing a huge decline in the quality of services, this has also led to work dissatisfaction. This paper discusses the difficulty faced by the state, healthcare providers, and nursing practitioners when dealing with the aged. Baby boomers, as they are commonly known, are a generation of those born between 1946 and 1964. This aging population requires highly specialized attention that subjects nurses to a lot of pressure. Jansen, Kerkstra, Abu-Saab, and Van Der Zee (1996) also observed that high dependency amongst elderly patients adds to the problem of increased workload and hence more pressure. Some nurses have opted out of the profession making things even worse. The relevance of the key points in this paper has to do with the increased stress experienced by nurses working for more than one agency and serving many clients. Usually, these nurses are unable to cover other patients when needed. This becomes trickier when helping boomers since they require much more support to cope with their complex health conditions. Research shows that this will drastically transform the future of medical and healthcare services (Dunnan, 2007). Through healthy lifestyles, boomers have been able to live for a longer period. With time, however, they develop severe medical problems that require expert medical attention. This situation puts healthcare service providers in a tight spot given that in the next twenty years, most of those hospitalized will be boomers (Dunnan, 2007). With shocking reports and statistics being released about healthcare for baby boomers, stakeholders now wonder how prepared the U.S. healthcare system is to address future health challenges. Collins, Davis, Schoen, Doty, and Kriss (2006) noticed that players in different sectors are not in any way ready to cooperate with state officials to provide a way out. Insurance companies for example are out to sell very costly products oblivious of the fact that people are living in a world where they have to make tough economic decisions. The rising cost of healthcare has also compelled some employers to pass this burden to employees by increasing premium contributions. Other employers have gone to the extent of getting rid of health covers for employees (Collins, Davis, Schoen, Doty & Kriss, 2006). As the aging population continues to grow, the nursing burnout syndrome will continue to ri
Executive summary Advertisement plays a key role in business operations. The market position of a given product company will highly be influenced by the company’s ability to expose their products to their customers and how they prove their products to be well above the others in the market. The medium that is used in the advertisement will affect its effectiveness, as it will reflect on the size of the audience reached. There has been a constant shift on the media that are appropriate for advertisement due to the technological advances that are registered daily. With the increased technology and the increased competition in the current markets, many companies would want to produce products that have incorporated more than one function. The convergence enables some kind of flexibility in the products and services that these companies can deliver to the market and will greatly contribute to their high position in the global market. A key contributor to the current rapid technological advances is the increasing need to do away with the analogue system and adopt digital equipments. The shift from analogue to digital signal system is set to provide a more relaxed environment to the users in the technology world. It will also be a basis for competition among various production companies. The conversion to digital technology is also positively influencing the sales of products as it reduces the cost of selling a given music product. Introduction Music, movies, and games are liked by a good proportion of the UK population and thus the music industry is one of the major industries in the region. Music, in particular, is viewed not only as a local but also as a global culture (Brown, et al, 2000, p.2). The rise in the modern technology has increased the individual’s access to these products. A good proportion of the population listens to music from their computers. There is need by the companies that specialize in these products to find ways through which the products could be accessed easily by their customers. This calls for the service of an advertisement agency. The agency considers the kinds of products that organizations produce and the target group for such products. It then examines the communication medium that is most popular among the identified groups and carries out the advertisements. The industry has recently suffered great losses resulting from piracy. Despite the copyright acts that prohibit the vice, many users still obtain these entertainment products through illegal procedures. However, more legislation and strategies are being set that are likely to end piracy in the near future. The principles underlying the roles of the Accounts Manager The account manager of any organization or agency will be charged with various responsibilities that are geared towards the success of the organization. As the accounts manager of the ad
Introduction Currently, research studies indicate that diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) is one of the leading causes of deaths throughout the world, threatening human lives. Statistics indicate that the number of people living with diabetes mellitus is about 370 million, with an annual increase of over 60% in developed countries and 20% in the developing world. It is estimated that the number of people living with the condition will be more than 550 million by 2030. Destruction of beta cells (β-cells) in the islets is the cause of a decrease in the volume of insulin released from the pancreas (Amour et al. 1392). Studies have shown that an autoimmune-mediated process is the principal cause of the condition (Lakey, Mirbolooki, and Shapiro 78). Specifically, the autoimmune-mediated process is responsible for a TID etiology, the principle aspect of the β-cell death (Soria, Skoudy, and Martin 407). In this case, antigen-presenting cells infiltrate the islets of Langerhans, attracting CD8 and CD4 T cells, B cells, and NK cells. Macrophages are responsible for producing IL-12, which activates Th1 CD4 T cells. In turn, the activated CD4 cells release IL-2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF, and interferon-γ, leading to activation of CD8 T cells (Reubinoff et al. 400). This enhances the death of β-cells through apoptosis. Principle There is evidence that transplants of islets of Langerhans with β-cells can reverse the death of these cells in the pancreas to counter diabetes mellitus (Kroon et al. 458). Human embryonic stem cells have been directed to proliferate and develop into β-cells (Thomson et al. 1146). It is, therefore, expected that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can be directed in the same manner. In this method, the iPS stem cell line will be developed as directed to become full β-cells for placement in human kidneys to generate insulin (Odorico, Kaufman, and Thomson 193). Study problem Despite the presence of knowledge, few studies have produced effective cell lines because the problem is to generate an adequate source of these cells in practice and research (Sams and Powers 83). Materials and methods The study will work with human iPSCs line RSCB0082 to be purchased from a stem cell bank. The cells will be reproduced from reprogramming human dermal fibrobrast cells. They will be grown in a cell medium with mitotically inactivated rat or mouse embryonic fibroblasts and 70% Gibco medium. Gibco Medium has 20% knockout serum, 0.1mM of amino acids, mercaptoethanol, transferrin, penicillin, and streptomycin (Cowan et al. 1355). Procedure The method will involve four steps that will lead to the development of mass iPCs with the capacity to reverse diabetes mellitus. Step 1 After obtaining the cells, the colonies will be trypsinized with an agent such as EDTA. A single-cell suspension will be developed through sipping cells gently in an up and down manner using a pipette. Then, the cells will be counted. Hanging drops will be made using 30µl, each with about 3000 cells in a media high in DMEM and 10% fetal bovine serum but def
Created by the World Health Organisation, a Healthy City is a project that has its sights on taking care of people’s physical and social health and developing the region’s resources that let society perform its basic functions. It originated in Canada at the end of the 20th century, but the tendency toward the growth of such cities is popular nowadays as well. It is true that the reasons for development are based on the initiative aims that include the promotion of cities’ support in the sphere of public health and sustainable development and setting health care policy. Moreover, its present goals do not only include the improvement of quality of life or providing access to healthcare services. They also require the growth of green spaces and special points that provide citizens with needed medical supplies. It is impossible to disagree that the initiative’s major objectives focus on enhancing a high level of health maintenance and expanding hygiene services for the public. It is especially visible during the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, Western Netherlands are quite successful in achieving these goals as there have been opened new jogging roots through some of their parks (Moham, 2021). Moreover, Health Cities are drawing the government’s attention to the problem of lack of financial support for their projects which are to build more hospitals and provide them with the newest healthcare devices. It is also noteworthy that Health Cities are a key partner for Europe in supporting the Member States and their cities and municipalities (Sminkey, 2021). They have become a platform for regular meetings on the topic of the pandemic Expanding the idea of the main components of success for the participants of the initiative, it is necessary to point out that intersectional partnership has got huge development. Shipment, production, and distribution technologies and conditions are at the top level of their development, now providing assistance for healthy cities to operate properly (Zhao, 2020). Besides, the understanding of the importance of health is also an ingredient for success. The pandemic has shown that it is essential to take care of health and follow the instructions authorities give. If global citizens keep complying with what is vital, the pandemic danger level is likely to decrease in the nearest future.
Introduction Criminal profiling refers to the technique of observing and analyzing the behavioral patterns of a crime so as to assist the investigators come up with a descriptive template of the offender. The investigators aim to predict the offender’s age, gender, marital and employment status. They will then match the profile with a pool of potential suspects. Criminal Profiling: Both a Science and Art There have been arguments on whether criminal profiling is an art or science. This paper discusses why criminal profiling is both a science and an art. Criminal profiling is a science that involves behavioral analysis. Psychologists and psychiatrists have contributed to criminal profiling by using the prevailing theories on personality, psychopathology and psychoanalysis. In the year 1956, David Brussels, a psychiatrist was able to construct a profile of the ‘mad bomber” that was accurate. He came up with the description of the criminal. The profile revealed he would be single, a foreigner, self-educated and paranoid. He would be living in Connecticut and posses a grudge against Con Edison Company. The first bomb had targeted the company’s headquarters. The profile was based on psychology theory. The profile was accurate and it led to the arrest of Metesky in January, 1957(Winerman, 2004). After this incident, police have been consulting psychiatrists and psychologists for assistance in criminal profiling. The criminal profiling field has mostly developed within the FBI law enforcement body. There has been a growth in the demand and use of criminal profiling. This has been accelerated by several factors. First of all there has been the fictional media glorification on the technique through the airing of several homicidal programs. One of the media programs that highlighted criminal profiling was the movie the Silence of the Lambs (Dowden , Bennell & Bloomfield, 2007). Criminal profiling is conducted based on the crimes committed by serial offenders. The serial offenders are those criminals who commit a crime two times or more in different settings. The criminals may commit the crimes consistently or take breaks or stop completely after a while. Experts have come up with several reasons why the criminal could have taken a break or stopped completely. It could have been due to busyness of family or the killer has found a way of escape in acting out his fantasies especially the fantasies of a sexual nature. Research has been conducted on the validity of the use of the offender profiles. There are skills that are generally accepted to be essential for a professional to come up with a good profile. The first one is an appreciation and understanding of the criminal mind. Secondly, the experience gained by investigating crimes over several years was an important consideration. The profiler should have the ability to logically and objectively analyze the criminal evidence. The profiler should have psychic intuitive ability. The fourth perquisite quality is what has brought the debate that criminal profiling is an art that depends on the emotions, senses and creativity. The belief that it is an art has been further influ
Background Born on 17th March 1942 in Illinois United States, Gacy was brought up in a low-class family and died on 10th May 1994, in Statesville, Illinois. Gacy seemed to have experienced a reasonably normal childhood though he revealed a tendency toward cruelty during his growth, leading to numerous law encounters. He was an American serial murderer, and his homicides of young men and 33 boys in the 1970s brought about shock to his suburban community and captured global media attention (Dilly 33). During his murder case, Gacy pleaded to be innocent through his claim of insanity, which was reinforced by the testament of some psychologists who identified Gacy as schizophrenic. The jury rejected the testimonials, and Gacy was found responsible for all thirty-three murders he had been accused of and then was killed by poisonous injection in 1994. The paper intends to discuss serial murder as portrayed by John Wayne Gacy. John Wayne Gacy Serial Murder case Serial killing involves the unlawful murder of at least two people by the same person in different events happening at dissimilar times. In 1968, Gacy was sentenced for sexually mugging a teen boy, whereby he got jailed in the “Iowa State Men’s Reformatory” and was forced to undertake a psychological assessment (Cullen 66). He was released in 1970 and again imprisoned for a sexual assault case in Parole though the charges got dropped later. In 1978, Robert Piest, one of his victims, was reported lost, and it was mentioned that the recent person who saw him was Gacy. During Piest’s search, the police came across bodies of young men and 29 boys near Gacy’s residence (Cullen 68). Four other dead bodies were found near the Des Plaines River. Later on, Gacy was pronounced guilty of serial killing and was executed. I selected this topic because I had taken an assignment similar to the previous class, though my choice was assigned to someone else before I got the chance. The subject reflects well the meaning of serial murder and differentiates it from mass killing. Serial murder cases have played a pivotal role to criminologists by helping them distinguish between spree serial killing and classic serial murder. Works Cited Cullen, Eric. American Evil: The Psychology of Serial Killers . Waterside Press, 2020. Dilly, Harriet. Theoretical Analysis of the Biological Basis for Serial Killers’ Cooling-Off Periods . Diss. University of Oregon, 2021.
Introduction DoS attacks can occur in an organization’s network infrastructures, authentication protocols, and service integrity. As companies and organizations consolidate the Internet as a key segment of their activities, the digital risk level is expanding. Business executives and their respective IT personnel have perceived the need to operate a secure, flexible data, and communication transfer environment. Denial-of-Service attacks (DoS) are the most widely recognized type of cyber threat. Given their peculiarity, cyber attackers use different techniques, which include Ping of Death (PoD), SYN flood, Teardrop attack, and UDP flood attack to cause long-term effects on networks, servers, and data terminals (Kumar, 2016). A DoS attack is a process that blocks clients from using a connecting framework for a specified time. DoS attacks creates challenges for corporate and government sites, making them inaccessible to clients and accomplices and creating huge monetary and integrity misfortunes. Therefore, it is important to understand the concept and classifications of DoS attacks. Utilization of cloud computing services and infrastructures is expanding the significance of having an effective strategy for overseeing such DoS attacks. Building a viable moderation procedure and threat assessment can mitigate the hazard of DoS attacks. Denial of service alludes to an event or circumstance while the denial-of-service attack is a planned activity. Thus, DoS is a condition in which the user of the web service cannot access protocols or networks because of various reasons (Kumar, 2016). Notwithstanding the reason, the inability of individuals to access services they are qualified for is called a DoS attack. DoS attack occurs through purposeful blockage of service because of the malignant demonstration of programmers. When a firm’s communication infrastructures are depleted, a DoS attack is imminent. The firm’s communication infrastr