ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Functionals of spatial point process often satisfy a weak spatial dependence condition known as stabilization. In this paper we prove process level moderate deviation principles (MDP) for such functionals, which are a level-3 result for empirical point fields as well as a level-2 result for empirical point measures. The level-3 rate function coincides with the so-called specific information. We show that the general result can be applied to prove MDPs for various particular functionals, including random sequential packing, birth-growth models, germ-grain models and nearest neighbor graphs.
We study the acoustoelectric effect in two-dimensional materials like transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers located on a non-piezoelectric substrate and exposed to the Rayleigh surface acoustic waves. We investigate the behavior of the Hall component of the electric current density which appears due to the trigonal warping of the valleys in k-space. We calculate the spectrum of the current density and study its dependence on the electron effective lifetime and density in the sample. We distinguish between the drift and diffusive components of the current and show, which components turn out predominant. Furthermore, we compare the effect of the Rayleigh and Bluestein-Gulyaev acoustic waves, which appear if the sample is located on a piezoelectric substrate.
In \cite{Ha}, Neal Harris has given a refined Gross-Prasad conjecture for unitary group as an analogue of Ichino and Ikeda's paper \cite{Ich} concerning special orthogonal groups. In his paper, he stated a conjecture under the assumption that the pair of given representations should be tempered. In this paper, we consider a specific pair involving a non-tempered one. In this case, an analogous formula still exists but the central critical $L$-value is slightly different with the one in the conjecture. As a corollary, this verifies that the tempered condition is indispensable in formulating the conjecture.
In his striking 1995 paper, Borcherds found an infinite product expansion for certain modular forms with CM divisors. In particular, this applies to the Hilbert class polynomial of discriminant $-d$ evaluated at the modular $j$-function. Among a number of powerful generalizations of Borcherds' work, Zagier made an analogous statement for twisted versions of this polynomial. He proves that the exponents of these product expansions, $A(n,d)$, are the coefficients of certain special half-integral weight modular forms. We study the congruence properties of $A(n,d)$ modulo a prime $\ell$ by relating it to a modular representation of the logarithmic derivative of the Hilbert class polynomial.
We extend Matsuki duality to arbitrary ind-varieties of maximal generalized flags, in other words, to any homogeneous ind-variety $\mathbf{G}/\mathbf{B}$ for a classical ind-group $\mathbf{G}$ and a splitting Borel ind-subgroup $\mathbf{B}\subset\mathbf{G}$. As a first step, we present an explicit combinatorial version of Matsuki duality in the finite-dimensional case, involving an explicit parametrization of $K$- and $G^0$-orbits on $G/B$. After proving Matsuki duality in the infinite-dimensional case, we give necessary and sufficient conditions on a Borel ind-subgroup $\mathbf{B}\subset\mathbf{G}$ for the existence of open and closed $\mathbf{K}$- and $\mathbf{G}^0$-orbits on $\mathbf{G}/\mathbf{B}$, where $\left(\mathbf{K},\mathbf{G}^0\right)$ is an aligned pair of a symmetric ind-subgroup $\mathbf{K}$ and a real form $\mathbf{G}^0$ of $\mathbf{G}$.
This paper has been superseded by math.AG/0510287 and withdrawn by the author.
PtSe2 is attracting considerable attention as a high mobility two-dimensional material with envisionned applications in microelectronics, photodetection and spintronics. The growth of high quality PtSe2 on insulating substrates with wafer-scale uniformity is a prerequisite for electronic transport investigations and practical use in devices. Here, we report the growth of highly oriented few-layers PtSe2 on ZnO(0001) by molecular beam epitaxy. The crystalline structure of the films is characterized with electron and X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The comparison with PtSe2 layers grown on graphene, sapphire, mica, SiO2 and Pt(111) shows that among insulating substrates, ZnO(0001) yields films of superior structural quality. Hall measurements performed on epitaxial ZnO/PtSe2 with 5 monolayers of PtSe2 show a clear semiconducting behaviour and a high mobility in excess of 200 cm2V 1s-1 at room temperature and up to 447 cm2V-1s-1 at low temperature.
Correlated basis function perturbation theory and the formalism of cluster expansions have been recently employed to obtain an effective interaction from a state-of-the-art nucleon nucleon potential model. The approach based on the effective interaction allows for a consistent description of the nuclear matter ground state and nucleon-nucleon scattering in the nuclear medium. This paper reports the the results of numerical calculations of different properties of nuclear and neutron matter, including the equation of state and the shear viscosity and thermal conductivity transport coefficients, carried out using the effective interaction.
We study analogues of Sidorenko's conjecture and the forcing conjecture in oriented graphs, showing that natural variants of these conjectures in directed graphs are equivalent to the asymmetric, undirected analogues of the conjectures.
We consider a multiple tunneling process into a quantum dot capacitively coupled to a dissipative environment. The problem is mapped onto an anisotropic Kondo model in its Coulomb gas representation. The tunneling barrier resistance and the dissipative resistance of the environment correspond to the transverse and the longitudinal Kondo couplings respectively. We thus identify a line in the parameter space of the problem which corresponds to a zero-temperature Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless like phase transition. The physics of coupling to the environment is elucidated and experimental consequences of the predicted transition are discussed.
I present a bijection on integer partitions that leads to recursive expressions, closed formulae and generating functions for the cardinality of certain sets of partitions of a positive integer $n$. The bijection leads also to a product on partitions that is associative with a natural grading thus defining a free associative algebra on the set of integer partitions. As an outcome of the computations, certain sets of integers appear that I call difference sets and the product of the integers in a difference set is an invariant for a family of sets of partitions. The main combinatorial objects used in these constructions are the central hooks of the Ferrers diagrams of partitions.
Core-collapse supernova science is now entering an era where engine models are beginning to make both qualitative and quantitative predictions. Although the evidence in support of the convective engine for core-collapse supernova continues to grow, it is difficult to place quantitative constraints on this engine. Some studies have made specific predictions for the remnant distribution from the convective engine, but the results differ between different groups. Here we use a broad parameterization for the supernova engine to understand the differences between distinct studies. With this broader set of models, we place error bars on the remnant mass and basic yields from the uncertainties in the explosive engine. We find that, even with only 3 progenitors and a narrow range of explosion energies, we can produce a wide range of remnant masses and nucleosynthetic yields.
The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a proposed ground-based gamma-ray detector that will be located in the Southern Hemisphere and is currently in its design phase. In this contribution, we will outline the prospects for Galactic science with this Observatory. Particular focus will be given to the detectability of extended sources, such as gamma-ray halos around pulsars; optimisation of the angular resolution to mitigate source confusion between known TeV sources; and studies of the energy resolution and sensitivity required to study the spectral features of PeVatrons at the highest energies. Such a facility will ideally complement contemporaneous observatories in studies of high energy astrophysical processes in our Galaxy.
The $D \bar{D}^*$ interaction via a $\pi \psi$ intermediate state is studied carefully in the isospin $I=1$ sector. By solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation in the unitary coupled-channel approximation, we obtain the S-wave amplitude as a function of the total energy of the system in the center of mass frame. A resonance state is generated dynamically in the 3900MeV region, which might correspond to the $Zc(3900)$ particle. Moreover, the loop function of a vector meson and a pseudoscalar meson is deduced explicitly in the dimensional regularization scheme and the contribution of the longitudinal part of the vector meson propagator is taken into account. The initial and final polarization vectors in the vertex of the vector meson and the pseudoscalar meson are eliminated when the Bethe-Salpeter equation is solved, and it is certified that the amplitude is still unitary in the calculation.
In order to study non-zero spin excitations of the recently proposed alpha-cluster condensation in the self-conjugate 4n nuclei, spatial deformation is introduced into the model wave function of the alpha-cluster condensate. The rotational band states of 8Be are investigated as a first step of a test case for the study of the deformation of the alpha-cluster condensate. Calculations reproduce well the binding energy of the 0+ ground state and also the excitation energy of the 2+ state. Our 0+ wave function is found to be almost exactly equal to the 0+ wave function obtained by the generator coordinate method using Brink's 2 alpha wave function. The study shows that both the 0+ ground and 2+ excited states can be considered as having a gas-like (i.e. weakly bound) 2 alpha-cluster structure. As for the 0+ ground state, the change of the wave function, due to the introduction of the deformation, is found to be very small.
We present an extension of the Standard Model (SM) based on the discrete flavor symmetry S3 which gives a neutrino mass matrix with two-zero texture of Fritzsch-type and nearly diagonal charged lepton mass matrix. The model is compatible with the normal hierarchy only and predicts the sine squared of the reactor angle to be 0.01 at the best fit values of solar and atmospheric parameters and maximal leptonic CP violation.
We give necessary conditions on the invariants (d,g) of a smooth, integral curve self-linked by a complete intersection of type (a,b) in projective three space. Similar conditions are given for s.t.c.i. curves with a multiplicity three structure.
We consider a continuous height version of the Abelian sandpile model with small amount of bulk dissipation gamma > 0 on each toppling, in dimensions d = 2, 3. In the limit gamma -> 0, we give a power law upper bound, based on coupling, on the rate at which the stationary measure converges to the discrete critical sandpile measure. The proofs are based on a coding of the stationary measure by weighted spanning trees, and an analysis of the latter via Wilson's algorithm. In the course of the proof, we prove an estimate on coupling a geometrically killed loop-erased random walk to an unkilled loop-erased random walk.
We present results from three weeks' photometric monitoring of the magnetic helium-strong star sigma Ori E using the MOST microsatellite. The star's light curve is dominated by twice-per-rotation eclipse-like dimmings arising when magnetospheric clouds transit across and occult the stellar disk. However, no evidence is found for any abrupt centrifugal breakout of plasma from the magnetosphere, either in the residual flux or in the depths of the light minima. Motivated by this finding we compare the observationally inferred magnetospheric mass against that predicted by a breakout analysis. The large discrepancy between the values leads us to argue that centrifugal breakout does not play a significant role in establishing the magnetospheric mass budget of sigma Ori E.
We present a Bayesian framework to account for the magnification bias from both strong and weak gravitational lensing in estimates of high-redshift galaxy luminosity functions. We illustrate our method by estimating the $z\sim8$ UV luminosity function using a sample of 97 Y-band dropouts (Lyman break galaxies) found in the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG) survey and from the literature. We find the luminosity function is well described by a Schechter function with characteristic magnitude of $M^\star = -19.85^{+0.30}_{-0.35}$, faint-end slope of $\alpha = -1.72^{+0.30}_{-0.29}$, and number density of $\log_{10} \Psi^\star [\textrm{Mpc}^{-3}] = -3.00^{+0.23}_{-0.31}$. These parameters are consistent within the uncertainties with those inferred from the same sample without accounting for the magnification bias, demonstrating that the effect is small for current surveys at $z\sim8$, and cannot account for the apparent overdensity of bright galaxies compared to a Schechter function found recently by Bowler et al. (2014a,b) and Finkelstein et al. (2014). We estimate that the probability of finding a strongly lensed $z\sim8$ source in our sample is in the range $\sim 3-15 \%$ depending on limiting magnitude. We identify one strongly-lensed candidate and three cases of intermediate lensing in BoRG (estimated magnification $\mu>1.4$) in addition to the previously known candidate group-scale strong lens. Using a range of theoretical luminosity functions we conclude that magnification bias will dominate wide field surveys -- such as those planned for the Euclid and WFIRST missions -- especially at $z>10$. Magnification bias will need to be accounted for in order to derive accurate estimates of high-redshift luminosity functions in these surveys and to distinguish between galaxy formation models.
Motivated by manifest Lorentz symmetry and a well-defined large-N limit prescription, we study the supersymmetric quantum mechanics proposed as a model for the collective dynamics of D0-branes from the point of view of the 11-dimensional supermembrane. We argue that the continuity of the spectrum persists irrespective of the presence of winding around compact target-space directions and discuss the central charges in the superalgebra arising from winding membrane configurations. Along the way we comment on the structure of open supermembranes.
Context: observations of rapidly rotating M dwarfs show a broad variety of large-scale magnetic fields encompassing dipole-dominated and multipolar geometries. In dynamo models, the relative importance of inertia in the force balance -- quantified by the local Rossby number -- is known to have a strong impact on the magnetic field geometry. Aims: we aim to assess the relevance of the local Rossby number in controlling the large-scale magnetic field geometry of M dwarfs. Methods: we explore the similarities between anelastic dynamo models in spherical shells and observations of active M-dwarfs, focusing on field geometries derived from spectropolarimetric studies. To do so, we construct observation-based quantities aimed to reflect the diagnostic parameters employed in numerical models. Results: the transition between dipole-dominated and multipolar large-scale fields in early to mid M dwarfs is tentatively attributed to a Rossby number threshold. We interpret late M dwarfs magnetism to result from a dynamo bistability occurring at low Rossby number. By analogy with numerical models, we expect different amplitudes of differential rotation on the two dynamo branches.
This article covers three topics. (1) It establishes links between the density of certain subsets of the set of primes and related subsets of the set of natural numbers. (2) It extends previous results on a conjecture of Bruinier and Kohnen in three ways: the CM-case is included; under the assumption of the same error term as in previous work one obtains the result in terms of natural density instead of Dedekind-Dirichlet density; the latter type of density can already be achieved by an error term like in the prime number theorem. (3) It also provides a complete proof of Sato-Tate equidistribution for CM modular forms with an error term similar to that in the prime number theorem.
Minimisation of discrete energies defined over factors is an important problem in computer vision, and a vast number of MAP inference algorithms have been proposed. Different inference algorithms perform better on factor graph models (GMs) from different underlying problem classes, and in general it is difficult to know which algorithm will yield the lowest energy for a given GM. To mitigate this difficulty, survey papers advise the practitioner on what algorithms perform well on what classes of models. We take the next step forward, and present a technique to automatically select the best inference algorithm for an input GM. We validate our method experimentally on an extended version of the OpenGM2 benchmark, containing a diverse set of vision problems. On average, our method selects an inference algorithm yielding labellings with 96% of variables the same as the best available algorithm.
We present a localization proof of the fact that the cohomology of the moduli spaces of genus zero stable maps to projective spaces is entirely tautological. In addition, we obtain a description of a Bialynicki-Birula stratification in the context of Gathmann's moduli spaces of maps with prescribed contact order to a fixed hyperplane.
In this paper, we present a two-stream multi-task network for fashion recognition. This task is challenging as fashion clothing always contain multiple attributes, which need to be predicted simultaneously for real-time industrial systems. To handle these challenges, we formulate fashion recognition into a multi-task learning problem, including landmark detection, category and attribute classifications, and solve it with the proposed deep convolutional neural network. We design two knowledge sharing strategies which enable information transfer between tasks and improve the overall performance. The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art results on large-scale fashion dataset comparing to the existing methods, which demonstrates its great effectiveness and superiority for fashion recognition.
Jet suppression is considered to be a powerful tool to study the properties of a QCD medium created in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. However, theoretical predictions obtained by using jet energy loss in static QCD medium show disagreement with experimental data, which is known as the heavy flavor puzzle at RHIC. We calculate the suppression patterns of pions and single electrons for Au+Au collisions at RHIC by including the energy loss in a finite size dynamical QCD medium, with finite magnetic mass effects taken into account. In contrast to the static case, we here report a good agreement with the experimental results, where this agreement is robust with respect to magnetic mass values. Therefore, the inclusion of dynamical QCD medium effects provides a reasonable explanation of the heavy flavor puzzle at RHIC.
This paper is concerned with a class of multi-dimensional transport equations with nonlocal velocity. It is shown that the local smooth solution cannot exist globally in time via the De Giorgi iteration technique.
The Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey is one of the largest contemporary spectroscopic surveys of low-redshift galaxies. Covering an area of ~286 deg^2 (split among five survey regions) down to a limiting magnitude of r < 19.8 mag, we have collected spectra and reliable redshifts for 238,000 objects using the AAOmega spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. In addition, we have assembled imaging data from a number of independent surveys in order to generate photometry spanning the wavelength range 1 nm - 1 m. Here we report on the recently completed spectroscopic survey and present a series of diagnostics to assess its final state and the quality of the redshift data. We also describe a number of survey aspects and procedures, or updates thereof, including changes to the input catalogue, redshifting and re-redshifting, and the derivation of ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared photometry. Finally, we present the second public release of GAMA data. In this release we provide input catalogue and targeting information, spectra, redshifts, ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared photometry, single-component S\'ersic fits, stellar masses, H$\alpha$-derived star formation rates, environment information, and group properties for all galaxies with r < 19.0 mag in two of our survey regions, and for all galaxies with r < 19.4 mag in a third region (72,225 objects in total). The database serving these data is available at http://www.gama-survey.org/.
The structure of Na0.5CoO2, the low temperature insulator that separates the magnetic and superconducting regions in the NaxCoO2.yH2O phase diagram, is studied by high resolution powder neutron diffraction at temperatures between 10 and 300 K. Profile analysis confirms that it has an orthorhombic symmetry structure, space group Pnmm, consisting of layers of edge-sharing CoO6 octahedra in a triangular lattice, with Na ions occupying ordered positions in one-dimensional chains in the interleaving planes. The oxygen content is found to be stoichiometric within 1%, indicating that the Na concentration accurately determines the electronic doping. The Na ordering creates two distinct Co sites with different numbers of Na neighbours, but the difference in their Co-O bond distances and the derived bond valence sums is small.
We investigate the discrepancy between oxygen abundance estimations for narrow-line regions (NLRs) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) type Seyfert 2 derived by using direct estimations of the electron temperature (Te-method) and those derived by using photoionization models. In view of this, observational emission-line ratios in the optical range (3000 < \lambda(\AA) < 7000) of Seyfert 2 nuclei compiled from the literature were reproduced by detailed photoionization models built with the Cloudy code. We find that the derived discrepancies are mainly due to the inappropriate use of the relations between temperatures of the low (t2) and high (t3) ionization gas zones derived for H II regions in AGN chemical abundance studies. Using a photoionization model grid, we derived a new expression for t2 as a function of t3 valid for Seyfert 2 nuclei. The use of this new expression in the AGN estimation of the O/H abundances based on Te-method produces O/H abundances slightly lower (about 0.2 dex) than those derived from detailed photoionization models. We also find that the new formalism for the Te-method reduces by about 0.4 dex the O/H discrepancies between the abundances obtained from strong emission-line calibrations and those derived from direct estimations.