ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Title of the proposed study The influence of first language/culture on the students’ argumentative English writing skills The locale and participants in the proposed study The participants will include a sample of international college students drawn from different socio-cultural contexts. The sample will comprise of students from non-English speaking countries or cultures who are studying a linguistic program in the university. The research site will be an Australian university admitting international students from nations that do not use English as the native or national language in public communication. Description of the problem The proposed study will investigate how native languages or cultures affect students’ argumentative discourse when using the English language to write literary compositions. It will examine whether bilingual students can articulate their views effectively in both their native and foreign languages when writing argumentative essays or literary compositions. Furthermore, it will examine other concepts such as “linguistic relativity and translation” that affect the way students learn and use a foreign language in both speech and writing (Connor, 1996, p. 32). The study aims to establish whether distinct socio-cultural forms affect the students’ comprehension and use of foreign language in argumentative or critical writing. Importance of this problem Connor (1996) asserts that differences in cultural forms, such as “speech, thought, and behaviour” give rise to distinct literary genres, which implies that styles of self-expression in writing vary between cultures (p. 42). Understanding the interface between native and foreign languages is important in ensuring a comprehensive English language instruction. Moreover, understanding the subtle language differences that affect writing can help teachers design effective instructional methods to promote second language learning among foreign students. The theory that will be used to situate the problem The researcher will use the ethnography of communication as a theoretical lens to examine the influence of socio-cultural contexts on the participants’ argumentative competence when writing essays. The ethnography of communication theory centres on shared linguistic p
One of the striking advertisements in Intel’s Sponsors of the Future campaign is the Clean Room advertisement. (Shea, 2011) The printed advertisement consists of two pictures. The picture on the left depicts a little girl taking pride in her clean bedroom, while the picture on the right shows Intel workers in a futuristic-looking industrial cleanroom. The contrast between the everyday sense of cleanliness and the extreme measures to avoid airborne particles emphasizes the quest for perfection. The advertisement is designed to indicate that Intel is striving to explore the future, and their achievements are beyond what we are used to in everyday life. It is aimed at inspiring confidence in the quality of the product, and the future of their developments. The advertisement provides a stark contrast between the two pictures. The little girl’s room is a warm pink, comfortable and familiar, while the cleanroom is clinically blue, white and silver. The racks and shelves in the pink room display a variety of shapes, while the objects in the blue room are dominated by rectangular structures. The little girl is sitting on her bed in comfort, while the technicians in the cleanroom are all standing. The main character is standing straight, almost at attention. The entire composition creates a welcoming and informal atmosphere in the girl’s room, while the cleanroom atmosphere is formal and businesslike, almost daunting. Even the font of the text superimposed on the pictures differs significantly. The “my clean room” script in the girl’s room is in playful, rounded font with a starburst on each word, while the blue room “our clean room” script is in an angular, formal font. The repetition of the words “clean room” in the text serves to emphasize the contrast between different perceptions of clean. In both photos, the main focal point is a prominent human. Both the little girl and the woman in the bunny suit are on the left side of the composition, suggesting that they may be the same person, at different ages. Although the little girl is facing directly into the camera, her body is facing slightly towards the right. The polka dot carpet and curtains in the girl’s room correspond with the blue dot pattern on the synthetic white cleanroom floor. The toys and ornaments in the girl’s room show a single-minded interest in horses. The main character in the cleanroom, the woman in a clean suit, would have to have a single-minded dedication to her job in this environment. The pride the little girl takes in keeping her room clean could well develop into a passion for cleanliness, which would be an advantage in the career of a cleanroom technician. The more dominant of the two photos is the cleanroom. This is enhanced by the camera angle, which is slightly downwards in the girl’s room and slightly upwards in the cleanroom. The composition of t
Executive Summary This report provides a comprehensive personal reflection for the plan set for the STEPS project at the UoB. Started in December 2013 and completed on May 1 2014, STEPS is a project that seeks to enhance students’ access to funding for improving their experience in a career. It focuses on introducing, changing and enhancing various aspects of the student experience that the student community at the University of Bedfordshire (UoB) identifies as ripe for change in the modern times. The idea is to foster original, inventive and pioneering approaches as well as mainstream ideas for a student funding project. It seeks to address all aspects of student to experience as they move through the university system, beginning with outreach through school transition to the alumnus status. Students are the partners in the project while the application for the funds is open to individual students, individual alumni, and groups of students and student-staff collaborations. In addition, where possible, the project must be initiated and co-created and co-led by students. Product scope and product management The benefits of including Project Product Description Project product description is the initial step in defining the requirement for the beneficiaries of the project funding (the clients). This description is based on the specific needs of the students, alumni and student-staff groups, who are the client of the project. Thus, we need a detailed description of the needs of every individual and groups targeted by StEP. The decision to initiate and establish the project was based on the realization that students undergo various kinds of stress and problems throughout the course and even after leaving the university, especially prior to obtaining their desired employment. Therefore, the project product description provides an in-depth analysis and explanation of the funding services (product) that the project will offer to help students make a significant impact on their experience as they move through the university system and after leaving the institution (Clark 2009). The section communicates the link between the problems faced by students and the possible methods for solving these problems and enhances the experience (Packendorff 2005). Secondly, a project product description is an important input to the process of iteratively developing the business case. With a good and informed understanding of the capacity required by the funding project, the project managers and leaders are in a better position to develop a comprehensive definition and understanding of the most suitable output that is expected from the project in the form of services meant to support the student experience (Packendorff 2005). Thirdly, the project product description for StEPs project is a high level overview of what the project has been set to provide to the students. Our
Abstract Luggage wrapper is not a new concept though it is not commence in UK yet. In Europe it is initiated, firstly. Now many biggest airports in USA and Europe it is using to prevent any damage, pilferage of the luggage carrying by the customers. UK entrepreneurs have vast of opportunities to start this business as no competitors are exists. Luggage wrapper is used to secure the customers luggage and related items in the Airport. The films are provided to extra support for make it strongly protected. Our company name will be “Wrapper”. Initially it will be operated in 10 biggest Airports. These 10 Airports are carrying more than 16 corer passenger per year. So, great opportunity is underlying. Introduction To launch and promote any business activities within a shape of organisation, a business plan is needed especially integrated with ecommerce. Without marketing plan it is not possible to penetrate in the market. The strength, weakness, opportunities, competitive advantages, distinctive competencies should be considered first. So, “Wrapper” needs a detailed marketing plan for the expansion of its business activities. Methodology For evaluating the business plan of “Wrapper”, a series of points have been extracted. The marketing audit has been accomplished with 7p analysis. The four marketing segments are financial institutions, student (newly graduate), and women, less educated people. For each of these segments, depending on marketing mix product, promotion, place, a detailed course of action has been elucidated. The entire process has been structured in these points, targeting, and market segmentation, positioning and choosing competitive advantages. Theoretical aspects According to Kotler., P., and Armstrong. G (1999), segmentation is a process by dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behavior who might require separate products or marketing mix and the process of evaluating each marketing segments attractive and selecting one or more segments to enter. Market positioning is the process of formulating competitive positioning for a product and a detailed marketing mix. Marketing mix are product, price, place, promotion. Depending on these elements the entire marketing plan is established. Marketing audit is a study to analysis the external and internal factors. Here in this report 7p model has been analysed. According to Taylor.S (2007) CRM stands for customer relationship management and helps the management and customer service staffs cope with customer concerns and issues. B2B refers to business to business with fully ecommerce supported. According to Fraser, L. (2001) & Ormiston, A. (2001) The available cash resources to satisfy the current obligations must come primarily from cash or the conversation to cash from of other current asset. For interpreting the liquidity of the firm
Ministry Location and Culture Like Christ said in Matthew 28:19, make Me disciples from the world; we are tasked to accomplish His assignment. This paper documents a program, Grounded to Worship , with the objective of focusing on people from Orania, South Africa, for kingdom growth and spiritual awakening by promoting individual and corporate prayer. Unlike many other African countries, South Africa is unique because it contains Afrikaans and Anglos groups with entirely different cultures (Wolff et al., 2017). Afrikaans practice high-context culture, while Anglos are known for practicing low-context culture. For this plan, Orania is selected because it is dominated by Afrikaans associated with high context culture, which places a higher value on relationships, tolerance for ambiguity, collectivism, and high power distance (Hornikx & Le Pair, 2017). For Gospel ministers, outlining and understanding ministry location, as well as the culture of the inhabitants, is crucial. Activities Once on the venue, the ministry will involve some pre-determined activities, outlined as follows:  1. The ministers will link prayer and evangelism through small group lessons and sermons. It is essential to connect prayer sessions to preaching in every meeting because it is the only way ministers will pass the main message to the audience.  2. Ministers will structure corporate prayer time for every ministry group, small group, and corporate experience. Scheduling every prayer session will be necessary, as it will prevent confusion, over-coverage, and under-coverage in every session.  3. Ministers will provide resources and training on the use of corporate kingdom-focused prayer, and this will be one for all small group classes.  4. Intercessors and prayer groups, including deacons, students, congregational care, will be identified and roles allocated to each to prevent confusion. Components of the Ministry Ministry planners play a pivotal role in outlining ministry components. The elements of Orania’s ministry are prayers and evangelism. From a prayer perspective, the targeted audience will be required to establish their identity as praying individuals by regularly participating in all kinds of prayers, including group, personal, or corporate prayers (Salisbury, 2018). The ministers will also be expected to crown daily meetings with messages related to the theme of the ministry, Grounded to Worship . In particular, the evangelism message will awaken the audience to actively pray while seeking God’s will for themselves and others, including praying for family members and friends. Target Groups Gospel has been ministered to four groups of audience in the past and today. The first group of people consists of those who love scriptures and prophesies of God. These are people who are likened to the Jews and like listening to one of their own. In Orania, the target audience comprises men and women, young and old individuals, well-informed on biblical knowledge or lacking the knowledge of God. It is important to have a combination of believers and non-believers in the Gospel ministry since each of them has a role to play (Davies & Thate,
Introduction The initial project paper provided a basic understanding of some important issues about higher education in India in comparison to the United States, in addition to recommendations for future tertiary education within the country (Singh, 2004). Having done the project, this paper, therefore, provides a summary of the entire project. With this summary, there are some of the methodologies that were applied in the research and an analysis of the research study to evaluate whether the major objectives of the study were met. The research findings were to be used as future measures to ensure that there was better delivery of high education to the Indian population. Goals and Objectives of the Research The research problem was in line with strengthening of higher education in India. The research study was aimed at providing the basic understanding of some of the important issues about higher education in India in comparison to that of the United States. This research was a comparative study between the education system of the United States and that one of India in order to determine some of the occurring differences and establish the recommendations to be adopted into the Indian situation. This in the long run would be appropriate in improving the quality of education and its deliverance to society (Agarwal, 2006). The major goals of the research were to determine the situation of India’s higher education in general, and how it compares with the higher education system in the United States. The objectives of the research were to determine the provision of education to society and the percentage number of people who have been able to access education. With this general information, the project to be initiated will help in deriving appropriate recommendations and measures that can be undertaken in improving the education to enable economic sustenance in India (Behar, 1992). Methodology In order to ensure that the necessary information collected was of much importance in coming up with appropriate results, the research study adopted a workable methodology. This involved the use of questionnaires that were open-ended in nature. The questionnaires were distributed evenly to different populations to ensure that the information obtained was not biased. Also, a number of education officials in higher institutions of learning were interviewed in order to provide the relevant information on the population that had been able to acquire education through the institution (Mukherjee, 2008). More information was obtained from the country’s higher education websites in order to understand the population’s ratios of those people who had accessed higher education. There was also an objective of establishing which level the people had attained as far as university education was concerned. Using the information obtained from the National Statistics Board, it was possible to understand the education levels of the Indian Population. Information was collected through interviews, from past published information, and also from American and Indian Ministry of Education websites. Research Find
War has apparent disruptive implications on not only people’s lives but also the economy and the environment. War disturbs settlements arrangements, destroys infrastructure, disrupts the education system, destroys the social fabric, jeopardizes civil freedoms, destroys the environment, causes food scarcity, and compromises on the health and wellbeing of the population. These effects often have long-term effects depending on the severity of the war, impacting later social and economic development. On the other hand, neoclassical models argue that war is often followed by rapid ‘catch-up’ growth that causes the economy to attain steady growth, and avoiding long term post-war implications on the nation (Dreze, 2000). In this regard, Dreze claims that governments often involve their military in extensive research and development as a way to boost technological advancements and compensate for war damage. In addition, the period after a war often sparks the formation of a stable state that is focuses on nation-building, which may, in turn, induce social advancement through involvement of the population (Keyssar, 2000). The Vietnam War is claimed to be the most intense case of aerial bombing in the world’s history, which involved a drop of 6,162,000 tons of bombs, compared to 2,150,000 tons of munitions in the Second world War, 1,613,000 tons in the European theatre, 537,000 tons in the Pacific theatre, and 454,000 tons in the Korean War (Clodfelter, 1995). Considering that the pre-war
Abstract Evidence of improved learning outcomes when incorporating creative problem solving in the learning process can actually be seen in graphical design students who incorporate proper message delivery, research, conceptualization and understanding the audience. It is based on this that this section explores the personal and professional impact of the study and helps to reveal what processes need to be changed in order to create a better practices in teaching graphics design students. Introduction This chapter discusses the findings of the research regarding the most challenging aspects of graphics design at the present. It delves into the findings of the literature review wherein it was revealed that message delivery, research, conceptualization and an understanding of a particular target audience are the main challenge that students of graphical design encounter on a daily basis. As such, this section will delve into the personal impact of the study results, its impact on the practice of graphical design in general as well as makes recommendations related to what processes could possibly be implemented in order to resolve the identified issues. Discussion The reason behind the creation of this study was to develop a means of understand what problems students of graphical design encounter on a daily basis when it comes to creativity. Through a comprehensive examination of the various facts presented within the literature review, this has subsequently changed the views of the researcher regarding graphics design. Personal Impact of the Study Based on the study, I have come to realize the following factors regarding creativity: When it comes to the application of creativity, it is important to note that there are three essential elements that are present which result in the creative process. These elements are composed of the following concepts:   * Copy – the element of copying within creativity is actually a manifestation of the learning process wherein people “copy” the relevant information they need and internalize it for later use.This internalization is an essential aspect of the process of creativity since it in effect acts as the initial blueprint from where all future ideas stem from.   * Transform – the element of transformation occurs when information that was initially copied and internalized is examined and thought of in new ways.While it has yet to be applied into anything specific, the information is no longer the same as it once was since it has been modified based on other perspectives and internalized concepts (Staresinic, 2009).   * Combine – the process of combination involves utilizing the transformed knowledge within a real life situation which in effect creates a new solution as compared to merely utilizing the knowledge in the same way in order to create the same s
All the good that society has to offer, especially income, wealth, prestige, and power, is distributed unevenly. Stratification is the central system of inequality in the distribution of social goods and responsibilities. However, there are additional stratification systems – racial, ethnic, and gender. Any ethnic culture contains a set of ideas about other peoples and their representatives, which results in stereotypes among representatives of one community with another. This essay will analyze stratification, prejudice, and discrimination that exist in the author’s social environment. Considering my social environment, I can say that my life, work, and recreation places have different levels of stratification. Recreation sites have more diverse representation and integrated space across ethnicity, race, income, gender, sexual orientation because various people are keen on the same hobbies and leisure activities that I have. Although disability and age variables might not be found as widely represented due to limits that exist for specific events. Looking at life and worksites, the situation is less optimistic since places have stratification and are separated based on income, race, and ethnicity when it comes to different areas nearby my house and work. I believe that separation occurs due to the unequal distribution of social goods across diverse communities. Stratification can also arise due to the existence of prejudice and biases towards people of different backgrounds that did not allow them to develop their careers and families at the same level as others could. It can be stated that the situation is influenced by various factors, including federal funding distribution, educational exclusion, family socialization, personal choices, and class inequalities. Reporters note that despite different policies that authorities were implementing, the stratification is rising steadily in education opportunities, career achievements, and other areas (Weiss & Garcia, 2017). The wealthiest people are getting richer faster, the gap between upper-middle-class and lower-income families is rising, consequently influencing the rise of biases towards other community members (Horowitz, Igielnik & Kochhar, 2020). The stratification for my community looks heterogeneous based on income, gender, and age. I believe that there is a lack of ethnic and racial representation across my community and neighboring work facilities. Public institutions and places, such as colleges, work, neighborhoods, have a higher tendency to bring various people together and are becoming more heterogeneous, in my view. There are times when I notice both implicit and explicit prejudice and discrimination when I am in contact with people of different backgrounds. For instance, I heard from some people