ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The concept and perception of depth in art is the ability of a piece of work to explore more than two dimensions. In narratives it is the ability of a product of art to interrogate and appeal to more than the visible dimension. It is the ability of the narrator to move in and out of several realms of thought and sight. The extent to which a narrative world appeals to this aspect determines the quality and persistence of the piece of work. The depth dimension functions to inspire a since of ambiguity and length to the narrative (Purves and Lotto 43-58). It develops and sustains a curious interest in its audience which is the basis and object of quality and objectivity in as far as the narration is concerned. The aspect of depth in art creates a widow for the creator of the piece to develop a several themes from the same piece with the help of more than one dimension. The piece of art therefore sways between moods while maintaining a consistent and tolerable collection of activities and reflections within the piece. (Stiles and Selz 40-56). The depth in a photo for instance inspires a more realistic and believable concept of the photo. Tillich’s theory is inspired by the general human propensity to consider art as a celebration of the obvious human dignity or in a strict sense an appreciation of human nature and reality. This basic notion has formed the foundation of the works of several other related theorists of Tillich’s era. Ramachandran and Blakeslee (45-90) for instance based their theory on the hypothesis of brain response to pieces of art. Their research being the first of this nature, gave way to a host of other similar researches that have come to the conclusion that the appreciation of art depends on the constituent elements in the piece of art. This marks the beginning of Tillich’s argument that the quality of a piece of art relies heavily on its ability to employ the various artistic tools and mechanisms at its disposure. The objective cause of any piece of work is not merely to reflect or masquerade mere reality. This is too simple a task for the complex phenomenon of art that can be articulated by any piece of information or sketch (Heidegger 23-70) The difference between any piece of information and a work of art is the ability of art to distort, enhance and indeed transcend reality all of which are elements of depth in a piece (Wollheim 1). Zeki notes categorically that it is not a mere coincidence that an artist’s ability to distract the irrelevant features such as the depth dimension of his art and vividly describes the irrelevant features is similar and identical to what the relevant aspects have evolved to do. This in narratives for instance the depth dimension goes an extra mile in transcending reality to serve its actual cause in a more interesting version that has more to offer as compared to a plain realistic piece of work(5-20). Zekis research on the response of rats showed that if a rat is taught to differentiate a square and a rectangle, with a reward for a rectangle it learns to respond more promptly to the rectangle than the square. Interestingly the response
The use of chemical medicine in the treatment of diseases has an old history. For so many years, people have used medicine depending on its availability. However, development in technology has brought rapid progress in the field of medicine. Today, there are numerous medicines that are used to treat a wide range of conditions. One such condition is obesity. Apart from the traditional methods of losing weight that include dieting and exercises, there are a number of medicines that also come in handy. Sibutramine Hydrochloride Monohydrate (Meridia) drug has been used in weight management. Of late, Meridia has sparked a lot of controversy. This has been brought about by the discovery of long term effects pertaining to the drug. This paper will attempt to look at the side effects against the advantages of the Meridia drug. Meridia has been associated with cardiovascular problems. Investigations have revealed that there are high chances of increased heart beats amongst users of the drug. A sizeable number of users have developed hypertension. It could also be associated with dilution of blood that makes the pumping by the heart much easy. This hence quickens the flow of blood in the body. The end result is death where corrective measures do not work. In fact, deaths have been registered among the users of Meridia drug. Stroke could also attack the patients and leave them immobilized hence unable to take care of themselves. It is not clear what causes these problems but definitely, there is the element of stimulating the body. This could lead to increased metabolism accounting for the fast heart beat. This functioning of the drug comes closer to what rigorous activity does to the body. The medical arena has registered increased numbers of patients with heart related complications. Treating these conditions has posed challenges most of which have financial dimension. That is why some medics argue that they cannot afford to have drugs adding to these problems being administered. Other problems associated with Meridia are hallucinations and confusion. Hallucinating persons see things which do not exist or are imagined. Getting confused is when a person looses focus and is not able to account on his/her actions. These are mental conditions that could take us closer home in terms of the devastating effects of the drug. Based on the foregoing, it is clear that the brain is not spared. It defeats common logic that an obese person could end up with mental breakdown while trying to control weight. The cause for these conditions may have some connection to the increased or reduced heart beat. Increased heart rates could strain the blood vessels in the brain triggering the confusion. Reduced heart beats have to do with lesser flow of blood into the brain. This means that oxygen supply in the brain is insufficient. Death
Background Chinese economic potential is rapidly growing, and the importance of international companies is increasing. However, many factors contribute to the fact that international companies experience high fluidity of the personnel (Warner 101). When managing human resources, the leadership should take into account many nuances, while the problems of recruiting and retaining employees, especially skilled ones, increase costs (Warner 101). It is the most difficult to find the required workforce for such companies, the activities of which are creative, involve risks, and require high-quality control, for instance, for companies working in the field of HR, sales, distribution, branding, and project implementation. Moreover, multinational and international companies are forced to compete with Chinese companies for workers. Problem Situation and Research Questions As a rule, an employer provides employees with various bonuses, incentives, free accommodation, pays the cost of means of communication, and so on. More than one-third of multinational companies in Shanghai provides employees with vehicles (Kwok 244). With all of these expenses, the total retention expenditure per employee is twice more than a worker’s. Nevertheless, the problem of staff turnover remains acute and requires immediate resolution. To explore this problem from different angles, it is essential to find answers to several fundamental questions: What factors affect the turnover rate at the moment the most? What are the strategies for the retention of the workforce? How a company’s leadership can minimize staff turnover taking into account its international background? Objectives of the Study The study has several objectives to achieve, which are aimed at investigating the connection between the expectations that employees have and the practices that employers utilize. It is necessary to research such aspects as job satisfaction, employee motivation, and commitment. Also, it is crucial to search for the strategies that managers apply to retain employees and what issues have not been considered in this perspective. Furthermore, one of the objectives is to analyze what factors influence the turnover rate the most ranging from salary, job performance, and other work-related aspects to employer contributions and
Introduction In “There Was a Girl,” Katy Waldman addresses the problem of anorexia, a condition that affects thousands of girls and women in the United States. Although the phenomenon of anorexia has been discussed quite meticulously in media, the root cause of the problem, specifically, the idealized body image promoted to women and girls in media, has not been dismantled (Veillette et al. 2574; Steinglass et al. 466). By using a personal perspective and rendering the problem from the position that does not allow for victim-blaming, the author delineates that social stereotypes reinforced by media lie at the crux of the problem. Problem In her essay, the writer strives to embrace the concept of anorexia and explore the mindset that encourages the development of the specified disorder. Specifically, Waldman points out that she was “A miserable anorexic” (Waldman). By attempting at wrapping her mind around how she and her sister came to the point of developing anorexia, Waldman struggles to encompass the combination of personal issues and the influence of external factors as the key prerequisites for developing the disorder in question. Key Arguments Waldman makes it abundantly clear that the active process of foisting idealized images of women on the female population affects the well-being of the specified population vastly. However, Waldman’s argument should not be simplified to the mere need for societal transgression: “Anorexia is an inveterate liar whose grand theme is your identity” (Waldman). Another crucial conclusion that the author makes is that there is an inherent problem coded in one’s biological system that contributes to the aggravation of self-destructive behaviors, which is characteristic of anorexia (Frank 2; Munro et al. 15; Sarner-Levin et al. 28). As the author points out, “There is a biological wire” (Waldman). Therefore, when focusing on the issue of self-harm, in general, and the development of anorexia, in particular, one has to encompass not only social factors but also the ones linked to a patient’s biology. Important Moments While the argument provided by Waldman is overall compelling and cohesive, several moments in her narrative stand out for the reader especially clearly. The idea of one’s identity is intrinsically connected to a distanced image created by others is the first notion that allows one to encompass the scale of the problem: “I starved, in other words, to acquire that old classical capability: metamorphosis” (Waldman). Thus, the inseparable connection between the development of an eating disorder and the active and insipid process of foisting stereotypes on women becomes apparent. Another crucial concept that supports the argument is the endeavor that Waldman makes to gather evidence about anorexia by viewing it through the prism of history.. For example, the narrator explains that “Being “good” – exercising in moderation, feeding myself – fe
The film and the movie industry form the dominant entrainment hub across the globe. In addition, movie and fashion cross over between the two industries. Designers produce their own retail fashion lines, capitalizing on the symbiotic relationship of movie celebrity culture and fan taste. Fashion marketing uses lifestyle identities as will be captured in this paper. The new generation of urban teenagers, in sync with the latest international styles, is enmeshed in a visual culture supported by post modern imagery offered by Hollywood. Early work in the analysis of gender and discourse looked at the relationship between the use of language and the biological category of sex . This has now moved to an examination of the ways language is used in relation to the social category, or rather the socially constructed category, of gender. Sex and the City provides many examples of the lead characters doing the identity of certain kind (among other things, independent successful professional New York City women of a certain age and certain social class) not only in the way they talk, but also in the way they dress, and the way they behave as they speak to each other, their lovers and their friends. What to some people, then, may seem natural in their interactions is a result of what we can call ‘a set of repeated acts’ and a ‘repeated stylization of the body’. These gendered identities are then ‘reaffirmed and publicly displayed by repeatedly performing particular acts’ in accordance with historically and socially constructed cultural norms which define femininity. Gender identity then is a complex construction as depicted in the Sex and the City. All language and discourse, as well as aspects of nonverbal and other kinds of behaviour are involved in doing gender. Gender, further, interacts with other factors such as social class and ethnicity. The relationship between language and sexuality further complicates the topic off gender and discourse by adding the notion of desire to the discussion. While gender is something that is socially constructed, sexuality has a much more unconscious basis, based in the notion of desire; that is, a person’s intimate desire for connection to others that exceeds their conscious control. The lead characters’ conversations about men in Sex and the City, for example, are guided by their sexual desire tin just the same way as a personal ad on a gay website is guided by the gay man’s desire for intimate connection with another man. So while Carrie and her friends’ conversations index their gender, it is their unconscious desire that motivates their desire for intimate connections with men, and heterosexual men in general. A person may, however, perform a certain identity in their conversation, as Carrie and her friends do in Sex and the City, where this m
The Feeling of Rationality is written by Rose McDermott and details recent advances in neuroscience and their implications for political sciences. The paper is based on the fact that emotions play significant and pivotal roles on political decisions, and while its role in political science has not been studied in depth, McDermott observes that emotions can offer alternative grounds for explaining and predicting political decisions and action. McDermott begins by making reference to the Iraq war and how the Bush administrations’ decision to wage war against Iraq were motivated by a feeling of revenge against Saddam Hussein, who had tried to assassinate the president’s father. Such is the importance of emotional motivations in politics. Recent advances in neurosciences have offered a wealth of information on the workings of the brain and the interactive processes between the body and mind. McDermott begins by defining emotion as it is very central towards understanding the topic under discussion. She contends that there is no universally accepted definition of emotion and the aspects surrounding it. Nevertheless, she relies on Gerald Clore and Andrew Ortony who define the term as “one of a larger set of differentiated biologically based complex conditions that are about something” (McDermott, pp. 692). The author then proceeds to outline the vario
Please describe the characteristics of keyboard music in the Baroque period. Name two important composers and talk about their contribution to the keyboard repertoire at the time？ The keyboard music of the Baroque period has exhibited the features characteristic of the other forms of art of the period: the increasingly complex and ornate patterns and the virtuosic and exquisite nature of the composition. Another notable feature, extended from the Renaissance period, was the influence of other cultures. The music has become more cosmopolitan. Finally, the feature unique to keyboards of the Baroque era was the introduction of a basso continuo, which was essentially the extension of a monody (Wright 90). The music was written for the specific instruments, which further extended the complexity capabilities. The composer most often credited for almost universally shaping the early Baroque music is Johann Sebastian Bach, whose improvisations and basso continuo utilization had made him notorious in his day, but alienated the public. While he laid out the foundation of the Baroque music for organ and harpsichord, it was Lodovico Giustini who has perfected it. His sonate da Chiesa has taken the possibilities of the piano to the limit, utilizing the wide dynamic contrast and modulation to remote keys (Neumann 46). How to play pedal in Baroque and early Classical piano repertoire on the modern piano? Although the Baroque music was written for the instruments without pedals, the use of pedals on a modern piano is advi
In the recently concluded GOP elections the populist vote said no to government spending. Many believe that government spending and its accomplices, debt and deficits are the reasons why the economy is in turmoil (Karabell, 2010, p.1). The Tea Party capitalized on these fears and experienced a decisive victory in the said GOP elections. Their battle cry can be summed up in the following statement made by a congressional candidate who said, “Federal spending must be drastically reduced … To ignore this issues is a crime against our children and grandchildren” (Karabell, 2010, p.1). However, the author said that this is just popular opinion but in truth extreme austerity measures is detrimental to the U.S. economy. The author argued that this is a good platform that a candidate can run on, especially those who oppose the current administration. He added that even the Republican Party’s Pledge to America is built around the promise that the party will work hard to end the kind of heavy spending that ran amok when it comes to health care bills and bailouts (Karabell, 2010, p.1). It is easy to understand why many are afraid of spending. In their own lives they can easily see what it can do. When a person spends there is less money left for other expenditures and worse the heavy spender can be easily in debt. By arguing against this populist mentality the author had to have a few assumptions. One of the major assumptions is that government spending is needed to boost a stalled economy. The second major assumption is that the debt burden has not dramatically changed in the past twenty years (Karabell, 2010, p.1). Finally, the third assumption is that what the candidates are proposing is an extreme form of austerity measures that can hurt the economy in the long run. Businessmen must have access to funds because they are the only people who can generate jobs and jumpstart the economy. The author did not offer any clear evidence or any form of tangible data that would support his first assumption. He based it on the common idea that in order to make money one has to spend money. He did not put it so plainly, he rather said that the key to economic prosperity is investments and the solution is for wise fiscal policy that would enable the government to do just that. When it com
Problem-Oriented Policing (POP) is an approach to police work that emphasizes community organizing and addressing initial causes of crime and disorder, rather than aggressively pursuing arrests over any infraction. It is closely related to non-arrest decision-making and reasoning by officers. While the overall effect of POP policies seems to be positive, few in-depth studies on the subject have been done that would allow to draw solid conclusions. This essay will examine two studies on the subject and discuss their results. Effectiveness Study Problem-Oriented Policing has been introduced in the US since the 1980s, with various results. The 2010 Campbell systematic review by Weisburd et al. (2010), in an attempt to measure those results, noted an “overall modest but statistically significant impact of POP on crime and disorder” (p. 139). They also point out that, of over 5500 articles and reports found, only ten were methodologically rigorous enough to meet their inclusion criteria (Weisburd et. al., 2010, p. 139). This points
Executive Summary Over the recent past, the market for beer has been characterized by a very high level of competition among various breweries. In order to be successful in such a market, it is advisable for an organization to expand its market globally. This report gives an analysis of the Australian market as a domestic market and of UK beer market as the foreign one. The beer market in Australia has been saturated over the recent past. It is therefore necessary to consider expansion of the market by venturing into the UK beer market. This discussion gives a clear analysis of both markets. This analysis provides a good base on which the entry decisions are built upon. It is revealed that the amount of beer consumption in both markets has been declining over the time. However, the market share for the imported beer has been rising in the UK beer market over the past. Finally, several recommendations have been proposed based on the findings. Country and Market Analysis In the contemporary world, the market has become highly competitive. This has been triggered by the increased entry of new players in the market. This has led to saturation of the domestic market. As the market becomes saturated, the level of competition reaches its maximum. This has threatened the performance of many organizations as this tends to increase the total costs and reduce the total sales. This characterizes almost every product in the market. In Australian market, the beer market has grown highly competitive from the saturation of the market over the recent past. This has been as a result of entry of many players in the industry as well as the rapid expansion of the already existing organizations. In the Australian market, beer market consists of sales of products like stouts, ales and bitters, low or no alcohol, standard lager, premium lager, and specialty beers (National Library of Australia 78). Currently, the market has been saturated with these products. The Australian market for beer can be traced far back in nineteenth century. From then, the beer market has grown rapidly. A number of breweries registered their individual trade marks for their various packaged beer. During the time the markets was expanding at a very high rate and at same time the demand was increasing rapidly and the existing brands were not efficient. The per capita consumption was growing rapidly by then (Jones par 3). According to Jones and Morgan, more than a dozen breweries in Australia were operating in unchallenged and secure regional markets (163). In fact, each of the state in Australia was having about one to three monopolies. During the period, there were very low chances for entry. These restrictions were mostly emanating from the high fixed costs that were required in order for an organization to enjoy the economies of scale (Baker, Graham and Harker 64). Since it required a significantly large amount of capital, only a few organizations managed to venture into the industry. Because the demand was increasing by then, the level of competition remained very low. Each organization enjoyed its competition-free regional markets. In the year 1967, a new brewery by th