ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Background Report Summary The use of online resources as a shopping platform continues to grow among people of different ages, gender, and economic status. Many people find it easier to look for a specific product online and buy it in order to meet their expectations (Lewis, 2006). The main advantage of this shopping approach is that a customer can access detailed information about the product and reviews of those who used it earlier before making a decision to buy. As the number of online stores that offer different products increases, the number of people willing to shop online also increases. The decision of a customer to buy a product from a specific website depends on the reputation of the company and brand, which owns it (Huang & Lin, 2007). However, customers’ knowledge about the online platform also determines the buying behavior. The majority of people who shop online are skeptical about giving personal information such as credit card, master card, personal identification documents, and other things. It is because of the security of their financial resources, which might be stolen by online fraudsters. Those who have no problem giving personal information do not have illustrative knowledge about online
Customers’ Complaints & OFC’s Measure of Efficiency From the case study, it is evident that customers of Euro Computer Systems (ECS) are upset due to an underperforming Order Fulfillment Center (OFC) as demonstrated by the delay in the delivery of computer terminal components to them. The customers’ complaints are justified because the order fill rate (completed orders filed on time) is 43 percent, implying that most customers have to contend with the problem of getting the highly specialized components long after the computers are delivered. An effectively operating OFC should have the capacity not only to meet specific ordering and distribution needs as demanded by customers, but also to ensure cost savings and substantially reduce customer complaints. Description of Current Process and Problems The current process in the OFC is largely manual-based, and involves generating the orders on a weekly basis, dating the orders and putting them in an Order Bin located in the order processing area, entering the numbers from the order form into the computer to identify the location of terminals, pulling out the terminals if available, and taking the terminals into a central processing location called the dock for onward shipping (see Figure 1). The problems with the current process are nested in (1) the use of different means to locate the terminals and forward them for onward shipping, and (2) the lack of uniformity in the recording of order shortages. Order Generation Figure 1: Process Flow Diagram General Changes The terminals requested by customers are highly specialized due to security concerns, hence the decision by management to implement a low stock policy not only to minimize inventory costs but also to lower the costs involved in discarding obsolete terminals. Consequently, a short term change to improve performance could be to streamline the process involved in the recording of shortages with the view to substantially reducing the amount of time taken to replenish the inventory for missing orders. A long term change could be to fully computerize OFC not only to harmonize the different avenues presently used to locate the terminals from the inventory area but also to ensure that stocks are replenished as soon as possible to meet customer demands. Consequently, the performance in the OFC could be measured in terms of achieving a high order fill rate (above 80 percent), ensuring the stored inventory can successfully meet customer demands without elevating cost overruns, and also maximizing customer satisfaction levels. Additional Information for Complete OFC Redesign A complete redesigning of the OFC process to improve performance needs much more information than is currently available. For example, the information on the availability and nature of inventory needs to be availed to inform efficient replenishment practice. The information filled on the order card should also be availed to shed light on how missing orders are documented and who is responsible for ensuring these components are replenished at the earliest convenience. Additionally, information on what has already been computerized, and what is done manually
In the program “Vodafone World of Difference Program”, the communications firm chose to implement a Customer Service Relations (CSR) effort that reached out to the Australian public in a bid to boost its corporate image. The challenges that the program faced were immense and these included apathy towards CSR activities and suspicions surrounding corporations’ motives. As a result, Vodafone and its partners had to choose a reliable Public Relations (PR) method to ensure that its goal of improving the community’s trust was met. By January 2004, a significant majority of Australian adults (41 per cent) said that they spent a large amount of time on charitable activities and this provided corporations, who were mistrusted by a whopping 77 per cent of the populace, with an opportunity to engage the country at a level that is close to many people’s hearts. The public relations systems most suitable for such an effort would be three of James E. Grunig’s four PR models. The first benefit that would accrue from this holistic approach is that Vodafone would be in a position to achieve its objectives which include raising the profile of its CSR program, re-invigorating PR activities, increasing media coverage and raising program enrolment rates. This is because the three models involve use of a reciprocal communication method that enables corporations to understand the public’s worries while enabling the public to appreciate the firm as a well meaning entity. This is crucial for image improvement and financial success. The second benefit is that the fourth model encapsulates the aim of all of Grunig’s publicity models. The first model, Publicity, seeks to influence the public to behave as a corporation wants. In the case of Vodafone, the application of this model would shift Australian charitable activities into the company’s ambit. Since Australians were prolific in philanthropy and Vodafone had the funds to engage in it, the best result would come when both sides combine efforts and produce synergistic advantages. The third benefit from this approach is that it incorporates Grunig’s second PR model that brings the media on-board. The Public Information model uses press releases and other communication systems that reduce the indifference and suspicion the media has towards CSR programs. When the public joins the firm to implement the “Vodafone World of Difference Program” on a cooperative basis, the media would become less suspicious. The One-way Asymmetrical model can be avoided. It involves using persuasion and manipulation to influence the public into behaving as the organization wants without using research to find out how the public feels about the organization. This could fail because the reaction of the public may be lukewarm or even hostile. But the fourth, the Two-way Symmetrical model, enables the organization to engage in a constant conversation that exposes the public’s sentiments, giving the firm a chance to tweak its system until it fully satisfies its target audience. This interactive approach applies dialogue between the com
Maldives The Maldives is an independent republic located in the south western part of the Asian continent near the Indian Ocean. It is made up of scattered islands that cover an area of 298km over the Indian Ocean. It was formed by volcanic eruptions that occurred million of years ago that left behind coral reefs. The result of the subsiding volcanic cones resulted in the Maldives having 1190 low-lying coral islands and 26 coral atolls. The islands experience climatic conditions that are hot and humid with sea temperatures averaging between 26 to 31 degrees Celsius (Boniface and Cooper 2009). The Maldives economy is based on fishing and tourism which when combined account for about 30% of the Gross Domestic Product. These two industries are also the major source of earnings for foreign exchange and government revenue. The tourism industry in the Maldives accounts for approximately 20% of Gross Domestic Product (Hall and Page 2000). The climatic conditions are known to be tropical in nature with the annual mean temperature estimated at 28 degrees Celsius. The island experiences two monsoon seasons between May and November with the rest of the year experiencing sunny conditions. Such weather is conducive to support the tourism sector. The population was estimated to be around 263,189 with a growth rate of 2.9% in 1997. This population has been spread over the 200 islands with the most populous island being Male with an approximated population of 65,000 people. Male is viewed to be the centre of the Maldives business and economic activities (Hall and Page, 2000). Honeymoon in the Maldives The Maldives island attractions and perfect weather offer honeymooners a perfect gateway for their honeymoon vacation. 74 out of the 200 islands have been developed into tourist resorts with the remainder of the islands remaining uninhabited Couples who visit the various islands can be assured of having adventure, privacy and exclusivity because of the few visitors that are allowed per island; they can also be assured of never ending sunshine for the whole day that is good for sunbathing and surfing in the ocean. The resorts have a wide variety of water activities that will keep the couple entertained and busy during the course of their honeymoon. There are also over water bungalows in some of the resorts such as the Hilton which provide the couples with a good view of the coral atolls and marine life below their bungalows (Maldives Ministry of Tourism, 1998). Honeymooners going to the islands will have good holiday packages such as a bottle of champagne, fruit baskets and flowers sprinkled on the beds in their rooms. The resorts in the islands that offer romantic settings with secluded gardens and beaches are the Four Seasons, Banyan Tree, Soneva Gili, Taj Exotica and the Taj Exotica. The Hilton resort offers honeymooners with over water rooms and bungalows. The resorts offer romantic rooms with king size bedrooms that mostly have natural finishing’s with soft lighting and draped walls; the rooms also
Introduction This work is an analytical essay which discusses the three essays 24-1, 24-3 and 24-5. These are political essays about the political landscape of America in light of certain policies and practices favored by the incumbent president. In an analysis of these essays which are essentially critiques of the political systems, the author will paint their discourses in light of the sociopolitical environments in which they occurred. In document 24-1, Franklin Roosevelt offered a thought dissenting from the mainstream idea that the government ought to offer solutions to the problems of the citizens. His school of thought was that instead of the people asking what the government had in store for them, they had better ask in what ways they should serve the government and effect change. Was it a good idea? For two reasons, in my view, the idea fit into the prevalent economic environment of the time. To begin with, the country was recovering from the great depression and so it was important to awaken the citizens and challenge them to be able to work hard for the improvement of their country. Secondly, the fact that the country needed a jolt on the verge of the unwelcome political situation at the moment necessitated calling into action for people to help grow the economy of the country. But in a way, it can also be argued that the promises offered by Roosevelt were pushed overboard by him. It could be true that he offered the promise of hope to the millions of Americans who wanted to see change in the face of oblivion in their country, but this offer of change came along with certain frustrations to the ordinary citizens. The citizens started to cry foul of his economic policy which favored the wealthy at the expense of the masses, and which created huge socio-economic disparities in the economy of America. Corruption was also averse. In document 24-3, the Huey Long describes the school of thought calling for the redistribution of wealth. The fact that the country at the time suffered deeply from the inequitable distribution of wealth informed his convictions. In an economy where there are very wide disparities in the ownership of wealth, those who find themselves on the lower socio-economic echelons bear the greatest brunt of this unethical social trend. To this end, it can be understood that Huey Long’s frustrations with the status quo were authentic. Issues such as corruption took very deep roots in the in the country and painted a picture which was a far cry from the expectations of transparency and fairness in the governance of the country. In document 24-5, the argument by the conservative Minnie Hardin was in effect good beca
Introduction Economic activities are the main pillars of development in nations. They produce goods and services that are required by people to manage their daily activities. This means that business activities are indispensable in all societies. The need to ensure all regions in a country develop equally has forced nations to establish policies that guide the distribution and use of resources. Also, there are international regulations that control business activities across nations to ensure there are healthy, legal, and moral business activities in all countries. This paper presents a summary and analysis of an article about economic justice for all. Article Summary The article was written by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and is addressed to the government, citizens and other countries. It presents the following issues it claims are very important tin, ensuring economic development does not hinder the activities of other sectors like religion, health, security, and education. The authors identified the position held by this country in the world economy and propose that it is not easy to be an economic superpower and neglect the needs of its citizens (United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 5). This country relies on raw materials from other nations, and thus, it makes decisions that affect their activities. For instance, it established policies that control steelworkers in Pittsburgh. America depends on markets offered by other nations for its products; therefore, it cannot control the future of its economy. Unemployment, poverty, and poor working conditions are other challenges that affect the economic development of this country. Lastly, it spends a lot of money ($300 billion) in producing or procuring weapons, yet its health facilities do not have adequate equipment and staffs. The paper proposes moral visions as essential tools for alleviating the challenges of this country. Also, the article presents a Christian’s perspective of economic life from the Biblical point of view. The authors present that resources should be used to promote the welfare of all citizens, and nobody should enjoy their benefits more than other people (United States Conference of Catholic Bishops 7). They quote the Bible that says people should share what they have with those that do not have to ensure they extend their brotherly love to them. This means that America should use its economic powers to assist poor nations. It also presents ethical norms for economic life to ensure America uses morally acceptable ways to buy, produce, and sell its products. This includes noninterference with the economic
Introduction This case study is based on the framework of internatonal mergers and acquisition, its way of success and challenges that come along with it. The concept of mergers and acquisition thus has to be understood and internalised before critically evaluating the Vechtel case study and how it applies to topics dealt like international takeovers, leadership in international environment, cross-cultural communication, company cultures and stereotyping (King et al., 2004). When we use the term ‘merger’, we are referring to the joining of two companies where one new company will continue to exist on the other hand the term ‘acquisition’ refers to the purchase of assets by one company from another company. In an acquisition, both companies may continue to exist (Doz, 1986). However, in this discussion I will loosely refer to mergers and acquisitions (M & A) as a business transaction where one company acquires another company. The acquiring company (also referred to as the predator company) will remain in business and the acquired company (which is sometimes called the Target Company) will be integrated into the acquiring company and thus, the acquired company ceases to exist after the merger (Van, 1995). It will be concluded that it is important to understand that Mergers and acquisition are extremely difficult and that expected synergy values may not be realized. This paper seeks to discuss the case study. Define the three phases of internationalization that occurred after Vechtel took over the french company The three phases after internationalization that occured after Vechtel took over the french company comp
Lenox-Gastaut syndrome, or LGS, is a severe form of epilepsy that usually appears in infancy or early childhood. The majority of seizures experienced by affected children include tonic, atonic, and atypical absence seizures. In at least 70 percent of cases, LGS has a cause that can be identified (Wheless, 2020). These patients are usually referred to as having symptomatic Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. On a cellular level, these causes often present as abnormal growth or development in the brain cortex, specifically in cortical dysplasia, congenital infections, and perinatal hypoxia. There are also cases of encephalitis or meningitis infecting the central nervous system. Bacterial or viral forms of the diseases can enter through macrophages and then move to nerve receptors or through spinal cord neurons. Tuberous sclerosis is a genetic cause of LGS, which is very rare, and produced by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes. These genes are responsible for cell growth, and Tuberous sclerosis leads to changes that can onset tumors and uncontrolled growth. Lennox-Gastuat syndrome has several different treatments. The first is the application of antiseizure medication with more than one type of medication usually needed. Second, dietary therapy is also essential to the well-being of a patient with LGS as it can reduce the number of seizures. These diets are often ketogenic, have low glycemic index, and changed Atkin diets (Shafer & Wirrell, 2020). Different surgery and devices can also be implemented to improve the health of a patient. A Corpus Callosotomy separates certain connections in the brain between its left and right side, which reduces the frequency of drop attacks, the most injury-inducing symptom of LGS. Vagus Nerve Simulation therapy is used to prevent seizures by sending regular, mild pulses to the brain.
Abstract It is estimated that approximately half of the American inmates suffer from some kind of mental disorder. A considerable number of mentally ill inmates reveals the need for proper training of the staff of correctional facilities. This paper includes a brief description of aspects that should be included in the training of the staff, as well as a brief discussion of some of the most common mental health issues among inmates and ways to respond to them. It is stressed that extensive training can help correctional officers address various challenges associated with mental illness in inmates. This training should include the discussion of the nature of mental disorders, symptoms of the most common mental illnesses, ways to address them, and effective communication patterns used with mentally ill prisoners. It can also be effective to initiate a wide debate concerning the issue to increase people’s awareness and improve their trust in the correctional system. Introduction It has been estimated that the number of mentally ill inmates is on the rise, and 45% of federal inmates and over 60% of jail inmates suffer from some mental disorders (Sarteschi, 2013). Researchers and correctional facilities employees note that such inmates may harm themselves and cause significant disturbances in the prison or jail (American Psychiatric Association, 2015). Therefore, it is clear that the staff of correctional facilities should be trained to identify potential threats and symptoms, as well as be able to approach such inmates. Identifying a Potentially Mentally Ill Inmate from One that Is Acting out First, it is necessary to state that effective training can help correctional officers to identify potentially mentally ill person from the one who is faking certain conditions. The cases when inmates try to fake a mental disorder are quite common as mentally ill inmates are treated differently, especially when it comes to violent or abnormal behaviors (Galanek, 2015). In many cases, only a trained psychiatrist can identify real symptoms from faked ones. However, in many cases, correctional officers can also effectively reveal faked symptoms. For example, those who try to pretend they are mentally ill are not aware of actual symptoms of some disorders and often fake only one symptom while acting normally in other respects. Hence, correctional officers should understand major symptoms of the most common mental disorders and identify whether the symptoms displayed by an inmate are associated with a particular disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2015). It is also beneficial to have information concerning inmates’ mental health issues (for example, cases of