ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Health professionals should consider the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) standards whenever working in regions with diverse populations. This is a powerful model for transforming the quality of care and services available to different individuals. This essay gives a detailed analysis of the unique issues surrounding the use of CLAS in medical practice. Cultural Competence Training The identified physical therapists are preparing for cultural competence training sessions to meet the diverse needs of patients from the Hispanic, African American, and Cape Verdean races. The success of the learning process will depend on the preparations made by these professionals (Ritter & Graham, 2017). The most important step is to engage in continuous learning to know more about the cultural traits, behaviors, religious beliefs, and languages of the races in the targeted inner-city community. They can also consider how members of such groups communicate, worship, and share ideas. They should recognize and elicit the beneficiaries’ preferences and expectations. Feedback from Participants The intended training program will equip physical therapists with adequate linguistic competencies that can guide them whenever working with non-English speakers. Several steps can guide the educators to acquire feedback from the professionals. The first one is encouraging them to interact with the targeted patients or community members as part of an evaluation process. The trainer can utilize this strategy to identify current achievements and key areas for improvement. The second one is designing a teaching practicum to monitor the learners. This strategy is essential since it will empower the trainer to examine if they have recorded positive results or not (HHS Office of Minority Health, 2016). The last one is to offer assignments and encourage the therapists to ask questions whenever necessary. This approach is appropriate since the instructor will identify existing strengths and gaps. CLAS Standards CLAS standards are fifteen action plans aimed at advancing equity in health, improving quality, and eliminating disparities. Practitioners and institutions focusing on these principles will implement superior care delivery models to meet the needs of diverse patient populations. These standards are essential to healthcare toda
Envy is a state of emotion that one experiences when he/she feels the lack of perceived superior qualities that another person has. From various recent researches carried out, students have been known to envy each other, both from the collective (institutional level) down to the individual level. This is common especially among American and the Middle East student, in college and High schools. Many students consider their colleagues as rivals rather than partners, and this approach has generally caused their relationship more harm than good. Their attitudes towards each other as it has been seen even on social networks and blogs indicate that they generally have negative attitudes towards each other. The internet hasn’t made the situation any better. This is because it has become a forum whereby they even verbally attack each other on issues such as race, creed, the particular education systems that the students use and many other reasons, because they can hide their faces behind the internet. Various scholars and researchers have tried looking at the root and cause of this phenomenon, because it has been a trend in the past decades, and have come up with various conclusions (Sriraman, 2005). Although some people believe that envy among students is as a result of seeking success, I believe that the envy is as a result of not having the ability to obtain success. From this statement, I believe that students who are less advantaged compared to their rival students will tend to be jealous of their counterparts, both from the resources they have, to their unique capabilities to carry out a given task. Students get frustrated every time they see their counterparts doing better and being in a better pos
Identification of the effects of Acid rain   * Acid rain chemically alters the structure and composition of soil (38).   * Depletion of base metals significantly modifies soil processes and impedes the ability of sensitive soils to recover from the losses caused due to acid rain (38).   * The soil loses its ability to neutralize strong acids within the soil and extends the time required for the ecosystem to recover from acidic deposition (p34). Acid rain or acid precipitation leads to a phenomenon where dormant toxic elements presented in soil are activated and mobilized. Examples include toxic metals such as lead and copper, which interrupt normal soil PH levels. Acid rain promotes the mobilization of toxins such as ‘Aluminum’ which is an extremely dangerous substance and has the ability to destroy the quality of soil by disturbing its PH levels substantially (p34). Bringing it all together   * Acid rain causes suplhur and nitrogen to accumulate in the soil, resulting in a process called leaching, which further leads to massive effects on soil PH. (39).   * Excessive acid rain also causes the loss of large amounts of calcium and magnesium from the soil.   * When leaching occurs, soil PH is kicked out of balance as it may react with the acid rain to become either extremely acidic or neutralized (41). Acid rain, also termed as acidic atmospheric deposition is the “transfer of strong acids and acid forming substances form the atmosphere to the Earth’s surface” (Driscoll, Fallon & Chen, 2007, p.27). In the article “Acidic Deposition: Sources and Ecological Effects”, Driscoll et al. (2007) elucidate how acid deposition transports acidic compounds to the soil, causing loss of soil nutrients thereby affecting soil quality and ph. The information in the article relates to my research question: ‘How does acid rain affect soil PH?’ For my assignment, I will use the third chapter of the book: ‘Acidic deposition: Sources and Ecological Effects’ by Driscoll et al. The article “Acidic Deposition: Sources and Ecological Effects” Driscoll et al. (2007) is published in several important books including the ‘Encyclopaedia of Hydrological Sciences’, edited by Malcolm Anderson (2007). The article contains detailed research findings and analyses and explores many aspects of the acid rain issue in detail. The article by Driscoll et al. (2007) is of interest to a diverse audience including researchers, students, policy analysts, aspiring and current environmentalists, biologists and scientists, which makes this the ideal article for my research. The authors have several other publications, independent and collaborative, relating to acid rain. Charles T. Driscoll has a Ph.D. in environmental Engineering from Cornell University and has received numerous awards and honours. Driscoll et al. orient the reader to the problem of how acid deposition or acid rain transfers harmful compounds such as sulphuric acid, nitric acid and ammonium to the soil, causing it to acidify, resulting in several ecological changes (Driscoll et al., 2007, p.27). These acidifying compounds of are then transported through soil, accelerating the loss of available nutrients
From antiquity, men have always been baffled by the unknown. Their desire to learn and get to understand the unknown is often suppressed by fear. Faced with the challenge of having to answer questions touching on the unknown, most men will more often than not curl back into the comfort of their imaginations due to fear. None can ever claim ignorance, for doing so would be unmanly. Instead, each man will endeavor to give an answer whose source is his sole imagination. Though the required answers should be uniform, most often, the answers given will vary from one person to another depending on the creativity of his or her imaginations. The answers so given will normally be full of mystery and stereotypes. Eventually the subjects will conclude by stating that the unknown will always remain unknown for danger awaits anyone daring enough to tamper with the established order of things. So, exactly how did the Europeans view the world prior to 1492? Scientific advances in the late fifteenth century could not do much in demystifying the outer world to the Europeans. However, knowledge accruing later during renaissance led to innovations in the fields of trade and ship building that sparked Europeans’ desire to search for new markets. The new markets would by extension act as sources of raw materials and precious stones. Little was know of Atlantic islands and west coast of Africa was it not for the 15 th century Portuguese navigator, Prince Henry de Avis. He led a group of experts into carrying out great feats of explorations. His efforts revolutionalized people’s outlook on geography, cartography, and navigation. Before renaissance and the subsequent innovations, Europeans take on the new world was quite bizarre. People drew all manner of maps trying give illustrate how real and imagined world looked like. People had stated adopting an open mind approach towards theories of the universe that had been proposed hundreds of years before this period. For instance, Casper Vopel based on Ptolemy’s idea proposed that planet Earth formed the center of the universe and people widely believed this notion before 1492. However, the idea of an Earth centered universe commonly called Vopel globe was to be challenged later by the 1543 sun centered theory of the universe put forth by Nicola us Copernicus. There were so many misconceptions regarding the nature of continents. For instance, it was held that Asia and North America were joined together as one. This misconception was to be propagated later by Caspar Vopel who sanctioned its legitimacy. He went further as to draw diagrams that he alleged were a clear illustration of how Asia and America joined together. Before this period, Europeans composed literature that was intended to serve as a guide when navigating across the open seas and oceans. Navigators relied on these books for directions.
Lee Kuan Yew was the eldest son of Lee Chin Koon and Chuan Jim Neo. Lee Kuan Yew was greatly influenced by the British culture, his grandfather had received an English education. He was later to become the first Prime Minister of the state of Singapore in 1959 when the country gained self-government status. Lee started his political career as an election agent for the pro-British Progressive party in 1951. He made his first major political mark when he became the trade and students union, legal advisor. This provided him with the much-needed link with the Chinese-speaking working class. He, together with English educated middle-class colleagues formed the socialist People’s Action Party in an alliance with communist trade unionists on 21 November 1954. Lee Kuan Yew became the secretary-general of the party that sought to end British rule and establish self-government. Lee took the seat of the opposition leader after the 1955 elections. He was also involved in the two London constitutional discussions as a PAP representative (Mauzy, p. 25). Lee Kuan Yew took over power from Lim Yew Hock after the 1959 elections when Singapore received autonomy in all state issues apart from defense and foreign affairs. During his pre-independence rule, Lee faced problems in many sectors including education, housing, and unemployment. He successfully campaigned for Singapore’s federation with Malaysia though the union did not last long. Lee Kuan Yew also referred to as the founding father of the state of Singapore has made an indelible mark on his country’s development. He made a significant achievement in the fight for the independence of his country from the British. He realized the importance and significance of Malayan independence, realizing that Singapore’s independence was in away inevitable. After realizing that the British labor party was supportive of independence to their colonies, Lee adopted socialist tendencies, eventually taking part in the formation of the socialist People’s Action Party. He made calculated moves after being elected the party’s secretary-general that saw him eventually lead the party to victory in the 1959 national elections (Mauzy, p. 78). Since Malaysia gained independence before Singapore, the prime minister sought to form a federation with Malaysia to end the British rule in his country. The union did not auger very well for Lee Kuan Yew and his country. Their union initially started well but conflicting ideological stances between the Chinese and Malayans led to tensions between the two camps, verbal attacks, and race riots. Lee’s People’s Action Party campaigned on a platform of ending racism and having a Malaysia for all Malaysians. They took
In the recent time, a significant number of research papers are focused on the investigation of the economic inequality on the global scale. According to the researchers, “colonialism is a major explanation behind today’s differences in income inequality across countries” (Angeles 1155). The economic gaps between the developed and the developing parts of the world experience dramatic growth. The rise in awareness regarding these issues demonstrate that the causes provoking inequalities and the economic underdevelopment must be evaluated and recognized to elaborate the effective methods for the improvement of the current situation and provide the balanced distribution of wealth among nations. According to Cypher and Dietz, colonialism may be defined as the plundering of resources of an economically and military weaker country by a stronger nation that may also result in a “severe demographic crisis” (78). According to the recent research findings, the economic inequality was significantly higher in those countries where the number of the European colonies was bigger (Angeles 1155). It is observed that the colonization of the countries by the Europeans may be considered as the factor that predetermined the patterns of the local social, political, and economic institution development. The participation of the European settlers in the development of these institutions played a significant role in the provocation of the economic weakness of the colonized countries (Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson 1369). According to Promes, colonialism is defined as “the domination of one group of people over another; this was made manifest through a condition of monopoly in the exploitation of natural resources, labor, trade, and fiscal revenues by the dominant power” (6). Colonialism is the phenomenon that takes place when the technically advanced and developed civilization comes into contact with the less developed civilization. In this way, the dominant nation obtains the monopoly over human, economic, and natural resources in the region, and takes control over the informational and cultural sources as well. In case the monopolistic pattern of behavior successfully continues, the domination of one culture over another becomes stronger and progressive. It is observed, that the progressive colonization is characterized by the discriminative and manipulative attitudes in educational, legal, cultural, linguistic, and administrative dimensions of the social structure. As a result, social class divisions and socio-economic inequality occur. According to Promes, “these internal divisions and structures would then remain intact long after the colonies had achieved independence” (7). The excess exploitation of resources by the ruling political forces during the period of colonization results in the economic underdevelopment and the low growth rates in the post-colonization period. According to the researchers of the African colonial experience, the poor political and
Introduction Adolescence is the period when children have already grown up. They do not play with dolls and cars anymore. However, they are unable to behave like adults as they do not have that responsibility and the understanding of life as adults have. Adolescents may feel that some sort of behaviour or some objects may help them become older. This is the misunderstanding which makes many teenagers behave in the way they are not to behave, to act in the way they are not to act and to act as in the result the desired purpose to become an adult is not achieved anymore. It should come with then understanding of life what adulthood it. Adolescents are unable to make correct decisions about their actions, they cannot protect themselves and being under presupposes protection is also not the case. Basing the discussion on two stories only, it is possible to consider the life of many teenagers. Where are you going, where have you been? by Joyce Carol Oates and The man who was almost a man by Richard Wright are the stories which show that sexuality for girls and masculinity for boys are the main problems in the adolescents ager and the main characters are sure that the way they behave can help then reach the age of adulthood faster. Sexuality and Masculinity as the signs of Adulthood Many adolescents are sure that being sexual for girls and being masculine for boys are the only signs of adulthood. The desire to be like adults creates many wrong opinions and as a result adolescents are unable to reach the desired purposes and they have to accept what they have become. The wrong consideration and understanding of adulthood leads adolescents to wrong actions. The desire to ne sexual and masculine is understood, but it should rise just because it exists, not because it is the sign of adulthood. Those who have grown up understand that they have become adults and with this status sexuality and masculinity has appeared. Still, many adolescents believe in the versa effect thinking that having become sexual and masculine, they will immediately grow up. It is even impossible to imagine how many different ways adolescents see in achieving their goals. Thus, Connie in Where are you going, where have you been? by Joyce Carol Oates believes that the opportunity to attract the attention of the olden man is the direct sign of her sexuality and as a result the adulthood. However, she cannot even imagine which consequences may happen as the result of the elder man attraction. Dave Saunders is sure that gun possession attracts him masculinity and does all possible to show as many people as he can that he is an adult as he has a gun. Connie’s Sexuality as the Sign of Adulthood According to the story, Connie cared only about her appearance as she believed that this was the way to the adult men and as a result to adulthood. Connie’s behavior was absolutely different from the behavior of other girls of her age. Everything about her had two sides to it, one for home and one for anywhere that was not home: her walk, which could be childlike and bobbing, or languid enough to make anyone think she was hearing music in her head; her mouth, which was pale and smir
Introduction Stress is a state of mind that alters the mental stability and is considered to interfere in all aspects of life. Depending on the situation the magnitude of stress might vary. Children or adolescents might also fall victims to this condition of mental disturbance and in the present context the description is concerned with those of African –American origin. It is well known that school going children or students are exposed to a variety of multicultural or multiethnic environmental conditions in some countries. Here, there may a possibility of differences that could keep some groups of students apart from coping with others which might induce a mental stress. So, there is a need to review the literature to understand the role of various factors connected to the present scenario. In a qualitative research, previous workers studied stress along with nutrition and exercise to determine hypertension in young black male college students (Ludescher et al., 1993). From a health perspective, this study may indicate that stress was associated with hypertension. Therefore, it can be inferred that conditions or risk factors contributing to stress through hypertension need to be explored in students. Main body Vaccaro and Wills (1998) investigated the Made Investigations to determine whether the stress coping variables are related to substance (cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana ) use in adolescents comprising of African –American, Whites and Hispanics. They have found that the expected relationship was lower in African –Americans compared to Whites and Hianics.This study may indicate that African –American students are less vulnerable to substance use and its association with stress. However, further studies were warranted to exactly determine substance use induced stress. Previous workers have studied the life style and health behavior of African American nursing students and reported that over 80 % of the students had excellent scores for cigarette smoking, alcohol and drug use (Adderley-Kelly & Green, 2000).This stu
Executive Summary The paper has analyzed Samsung’s ethical dilemma of the reliance on child labor to retain a competitive edge. The company has repeatedly engaged in relationships with contractors and suppliers whose business behaviors are questionable from the ethical point of view. It has been argued that when analyzed in the framework of utilitarianism, Samsung’s unwillingness to enforce strict labor regulations on its partners is not justifiable and unethical. The company has been recommended to introduce changes to its corporate social responsibility (CSR) framework, severe ties with unconscionable business associates, and restore damages to involved workers. Introduction In the wake of the global financial crisis, business ethics scholars’ questioning of the moral dimension of a wide-range of organizational practices has gained more prominence (O’Sullivan, Smith, & Esposito, 2012). Considering that the scope and effects of unethical corporate practices continuously increase in their importance, it is necessary to understand the fundamental principles of business ethics. This paper aims to outline a moral reflection on a case study in which a significant-tech manufacturer Samsung is implicated in conducting illegal work practices. The paper will critically analyze the ethical dimensions of the dilemma from the perspective of the utilitarian ethical theory. It will be argued that according to the fundamental principles of the theory, the company’s behavior can be construed as unethical since it fails to maximize the happiness of all involved stakeholders. Findings Theory Definition Utilitarianism is an ethical theory under which an act with a moral dimension should be carried out after calculating its costs and benefits to most people (Frederiksen, 2012). The theory presupposes the ability to foresee the consequences of one’s actions and willingness to deliver the results based on a cost-benefit analysis. Utilitarianism is an outcome-oriented theory; therefore, the nature of action should not enter the calculation (Frederiksen, 2012). Businessperson guided by utilitarian arguments regards the happiness of most individuals as a fundamental good. It follows that by aiming to maximize the net total of happiness, they can arrive at policies and regulations that are good and ethical. It has to be borne in mind that even though utilitarianism revolves around happiness, a mere increase of happiness over misery is insufficient to justify an action. Instead, it is necessary to aim at achieving the maximization of happiness to align one’s intentions and deeds with the theory. From the utilitarian theory’s perspective, Samsung’s unwillingness to enforce just labor guidelines on its contractors can be regarded as unethical. Senior executives of the tech giant decided to disregard reports of illegal and immoral labor practices at HEG Electronics’ production facilities. Even if one supposes that the executives were driven by the desire to benefit Samsung’s shareholders by reducing the cost of production, it is clear that the results of their decision were detrimental to a large group of people employed at the contractor’s factories. Considering that w