ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Leadership is a critical factor for any group of people. Shared objectives are only achievable if there is a proper leadership. People often ignore important leadership roles without realizing the impact leadership vacuum have towards obtaining such objectives. This paper reports my role as a group leader for a college discussion group. The group operated within college premises and frequently met in college lecture halls during the semester. The group’s responsibility was to complete a class discussion assignment and prepare a report. The report’s grading was to form part of final individual grades for the course. The group was made up of ten students all taking the course during the semester. Despite the fact that the group had some students, I had never previously had a close relationship with some members of the group, the working relationship turned out to be a cordial one. After being assigned groups by the lecturer, we met as a group to discuss a way forward. In the meeting, everyone emphasized the importance of working as a team towards the good of our education. The group chairman and secretary were selected as instructed by the lecturer. I was selected the chairman. Immediately I informed the group members that successful cooperation would only be achievable if all members respected the role assigned, responded to calls for meetings, and most importantly, respected my leadership role during group meetings. The entire group therefore had to follow me due to a common purpose that had brought us together. The quality of my relationship with followers turned out to be a good one. I immediately became the center of the group with everyone seeking information about the progress, meeting times, and venues from me. Additionally, members cooperated and although a few members missed some meetings, they all acted within confines of our agreed upon rules and sent apologies. They further adhered to decisions made in their absence. Multiple scholars define power as ability to influence/affect the actions of followers. Influence is defined as ability to change followers’ attitudes, behaviors, values, and belief. My source of power was the group members. My leadership position was therefore based on legitimate power (French & Raven, 1959). Upon giving me the chairmanship position, the group conferred on me the power to control its activities, chair meetings and represent its interests. My powers were solely used to further the objective of the group. As such my powers were limited to summoning members for meetings, assigning tasks within the group and ensuring that all members met their obligations to the group. Additionally, as a leader I exercised positional power. As the group chair I held the topmost positional power in the group. Additionally, I also exercised personal power, thanks to my persuasion power that saw all group members build a trust in me. Group’s success was ensured through implementation of policies and practices that ensured everyone felt obliged to positively contribute to the group. Individual weaknesses and failures were turned to strengths by converting demoralization to motivation (Weinstein, 2002). T
In the occurrence of an emergency, an Incident Commander is the individual responsible for response activities, including the development of strategies, tactics, orders and resources management (“National Response Framework,” 2008, p. 50). He is the controller in the management of the site operations and coordinator of an effective response (Hammad, 2010). In a scenario whereby a number of railroad tank cars overturned releasing a toxic gas into the air with gas clouds traveling near a large residential area and elementary school, there will be people including the school children and other special groups such as the disabled exposed to the risk of gas poisoning. Transportation As the Incident Commander, the first step would be to notify the law enforcement agencies and other authorities with the training to anticipate and manage risks effectively. In the private sector, all stakeholders would be informed in order to assist in the areas pertinent to them. The transport sector provides quick mobility to the incident site for the rescuers and aids in evacuation of the victims (Hammad, 2010). Transportation can be through ground, air, or water depending on the geographical location and nature of the incident. According to incident management system, “the Ground Support Unit provides all ground transportation during an incident. In conjunction with providing transportation, the unit is also responsible for maintaining and supplying vehicles, keeping of usage records and developing incident traffic plans” (“National Incident Management System,” 2008, p. 58). Therefore, their collaboration in the evacuation of the elementary school children and other groups that cannot vacate on their own from the incident area is demanded. This would be achieved through the provision of mass transport to take the people away from the areas where the toxic gas cloud is traveling and restricting movement of outsiders into the region. Telecommunication systems The contribution of the telecommunication sector would assist in the protection and sustenance of national cyber and information technology resources as well as oversee communications between the incident commander and other response structures (“National Response Framework,” 2008, p. 100). I would use the available communication channels to warn citizens about the restricted areas, inform the victims and their families on the accident, and enlighten them on how to access help. It is important to maintain open communications lines with the mass media to update the citizens on the progress of the situation, answer and receive questions promptly, and dismiss/clear any rumors. Internet and other web-based tools can be used during the incidents to help in situational awareness and crisis information management through following planned and standardized methods, which conform to the overall standards, procedures and protocols (“National Incident Management System,” 2008). Furthermore, the telecommunication sector will provide ways of conveying information in clear methods to individuals who have communication limitations such as the inability to hear or see signage. Utilities Anoth
A policy is typically described as a deliberate plan of action which acts as a directive in attaining the desired objectives. The strategies which are used in Facebook have been undergoing a lot of changes on daily basis so as to improve the security of the information it contained. Facebook has not always managed its users’ data well and this is the main reason as to why the Facebook team has come and reason together on the new policies in order to manage and govern the users’ data in a most secure way. When it was first established, it was only accessed by the few people who were your friends any information which relates to you. With time, this has been improved, and as per now the users can be able to access their on information and that which belongs to other people. There have been changes over a number of years by the Facebook fraternity to come up with the privacy of all the users. The implementation of various strategies by the company has lead to many users experiencing complications in the utilization of the websites. There has been great improvement of the company policies which have enabled the may users to access many linked information such as the movies which one can access without any problem (Dunay, 2009). The changes which have been made on Facebook have been successful. Facebook has enhanced the reconnection of long time friends and establishment of new friendship . The updates which one post on the Facebook wall enables them to connected and even chatting together which is very important to their developments. This has enabled new friends maintain their friendship, hence big ups to the Facebook team for the job well done. In essence, it has made its effort to accommodate every user even as they change their policies over the time. As much as many people connect and socialize in many ways and styles, privacy issues are very sensitive and this has forced the Facebook team to change their policies over the past years and they keep on to change even in years to come (Shih, 2009). Checking on the privacy settings now, can make one to change to a level with which he or she is comfortable with. There are many changes which have been made in Facebook which have been successful and in operation now. These includes data, audiences, implementation etc and each is addressed as follows. Data This involves things like availability of personal data on Facebook which has been successfully maintained. The data here is used in the establishment and interpretation of the various conditions which are to be met in the Facebook company. There is increase number of users of the Facebook resources which has enabled the many people from the Google sites to access various data. Again, the tremendous increase in population size is one of the major factors which have contributed to policy changes of Facebook (Pearlman, 2009). Types of personal data There have been tremendous changes on Facebook with respect to the details of the individual users which have been successfully effected and maintained. Some of which are common on its interface and they include what has been d
The poem ‘Two sides of War (All Wars)’ by Grantland Rice highlights the arbitrators of war. How they scheme ‘in council rooms apart’ and create arsenal meant for war. The old is said to be the arbitrators of war at the expense of the innocent young people who know little of the genesis of such atrocities. Ironically, the old are the foremost people making war instead of the young. The old are meant to be peacemakers and reconciliatory personnel whenever the young stray. The old use the young who are symbols for strength and tomorrow’s future to engage in war. They then use their energy meant to build the nation. The image brought in this piece brings forth the debate of justifying wars. The conditions are necessary to have a just war! This enlightens on the irony behind mistrust of the experienced old who allow the young to fight on behalf of their disagreements. Axiomatic justification of war hardly considers the minority before strategic plan is formulated, hence at some degree war can be just and logically, war is never justified. When the United States under the pretense of curbing nuclear proliferation engages its army into war, is it justifiable? Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Afghanistan, Taiwan, and Israel are the main targets of the United States. War theory has given important guidance to presidents, policymakers, and religious leaders to have upright decision-making towards war. However, queer religious ideologies have been incorporated by the old clergy people and justified killings at a certain percentage. Therefore, legislation of such rules allows a country to expand its empire on the pretext of defending the country. Such legislations are very subjective and lethal in this 21 st century (Fotion 17). Critically, there are ‘conventions’ of just wars. They were made ‘in council rooms’ of the Catholic Church. Such a bizarre move by the church in the 5 th century invented the Just War Theory. Today’s ‘War on Terror’ has the same format of justifying wars. The poem ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’ by Wilfred Owen is a first-hand account of the scenario on the battlefield. The title means that it is attractive and charming when one dies for the country. According to Socrates, he may attest to the Latin saying that when a man leads a just life ‘Sweet hope is in his heart, Nurse and companion to his age …Hope, captain of the ever-twisting, Minds of Mortal Men’ (Plato 5). A life described in ‘Soldier’ by Rupert Brooke of a soldier’s wish when he dies. Plato reiterated that war is a short-lived excitement that is evoked from human interests and the main reason being; lust for material possession without any civilize
Case Analysis Since its inception, Scouts Canada enjoyed massive membership as well as support from various institutions. It was among the first organizations to advise people on importance of conserving the environment. It was a vibrant organization which attracted many people especially the youth. This was depicted by the high number of members who joined throughout the country. Moreover, the organization bragged of having high ethical values which were passed on from generation to generation. However, the organization dwelled so much on the old methods of operation and was left behind when the wave of change was sweeping through the world. As a result, the membership of the organization started dwindling. Many people who joined the organization as its members at a young age lost interest mid way and pulled out. Arguably, this was due to programs that were not in the interest of members. Volunteer support which is crucial for the progress of the organization also declined. The worst scenario occurred when its leaders were accused of sexual abu
Introduction Culture has had many different definitions but it is generally “the way of life of a group of people” (Gollnick & Chinn, 2008, p. 3). Cultural diversity in schools has been on the increase due to the many students from different races that have their own distinct culture. The education process thus takes the multicultural approach. The American schools have students from different cultural background. The main cultures taken into consideration in this study are the Spanish and Filipino cultures with analysis of how they influence the process of learning through the use of concept maps. This paper aims at providing an outlook and analysis of culture and multicultural education for the purposes of inclusion and diversity in education. Further, it acknowledges the impact that culture has on education in terms of differences and biases and thus provides an analysis of how multicultural education can be used to address these differences and biases. The approach also being based on the personal career of teaching provides personal thoughts on the differences and biases in culture and how cultural information has changed my personal ideas. The applications of this to my personal teaching practice are also evaluated for more considerations for inclusion and diversity. Concept Maps Culture and Multicultural Education Culture has had many different definitions but it is generally “the way of life of a group of people” (Gollnick & Chinn, 2008, p. 3). It is the basic way of life that is described by the manner of doing things, beliefs, traditions, and the general governing of a group of people. This is portrayed in the themes, concepts and ideas of that society. It is manifested in the themes such as education in terms of how they perceive it and their levels of learning, religious beliefs; concepts of art such as music, literature, politics aspirations and attitudes of governance, societal interactions in terms of how close the people are to one another and how they relate among themselves and with other people; ideas of beliefs and traditions, language spoken, foods that are unique to them, entertainment modes and their perceptions towards it as well as the general racial matters which also encompass the history of the society. Culture being so diverse and complex has differences and biases that determine the attitudes and interactions between people of different cultures. Therefore multicultural education is generally the education that is geared on incorporating all the cultures in the learning process and using culture as a tool of learning (Phelan & Davidson, 1993). The objective is to reanalyze and address the differences and biases in culture so as to ensure respect and appreciation for other people’s culture. Multicultural Education in addressing the Differences and Biases in Culture The
Changing the company’s strategy is a major step that needs to be considered closely, especially if it concerns such an important issue as the company’s relationships with its clients – or, to be more exact, the financial aspect of its relationships. No matter what steps the company decides to take, they must be justified so that the firm could retain its major clientele. Since the Telco Company needs more funding for its logistics strategy, it must increase the costs for goods transportation by cutting the amount of discounts and changing its pricing policy (Coyle, Langley, Novack & Gibson, 2013, 317), which, when presented to the customers in the right manner and in the proper context, will not cause a major indignation. The strengths of the given approach are obvious. To start with, by cutting the costs for transportation, Telco will be able to offer even more discounts to its customers, therefore, building a strong clientele base. In addition, the money that Telco will gain on saving on the transportation can be used for upgrading the production process and improving its various aspects. Finally, by decreasing the number of money spent on the logistics, Telco will finally be able to focus on the development of new services. As soon as the customers see the effects of these changes, they will appreciate Telco’s services even more. However, the method suggested by Nick Martin also has its problems. First, there are strong doubts that most of the company’s customers are going to stay as loyal as to see the changes in the quality of the products that the company is going to deliver. It is more likely that most of the customers dissolve as soon as they start realizing that the delivery process takes longer than usual. In addition, it is highly doubtful that the customers are going to wait until the fact of them being deprived of their discounts is going to be justified. It is worth admitting, however, that Telco can possibly retain its discounts policy and at the same time increase the budget for logistics by adopting other approaches. For instance, the company could resort to using different types of transportation or use the transportation services that are less costly than the current ones. Needless to say, the given changes will inevitably result in the drops in transportation quality, which will also cause the customers’ dissatisfaction (Varley, 2006). The given dilemma can be solved by cutting the number of discounts and explaining the clients about the reasons behind the given policy, thus, making sure that people should be aware of the changes being made for their benefit. Therefore, it must be admitted that Nick Martin has the point; no matter how hard it is for Telco to acknowledge that it has to change its policy towards customers, Telco must shift to a more reasonable policy on logistics. Certainly, there are other options like changing the logistics principle by using the services of a company with less expensive services, using a different means of transportation or choosing a different class of services, therefore, lo
Introduction Funds are required for the survival and growth of a business enterprise. In order to start up or expand an existing business investment, there is the need to raise the needed funds. This form of cash is usually referred to as business finance. These finances are obtained from a number of sources including internal sources such as savings, and other external sources like bank loans. Decisions on how to manage these finances are critical at this point as there are a lot of implications related to each of these sources. These implications include legal, financial & dilution of control, and bankruptcy. This paper seeks to identify the various sources of business finance for small- and large-scale businesses. The discussion also involves the assessment of the legal, financial, and dilution of control implications, and bankruptcy underlying these sources. Finally, the paper will cover a case study in which it provides the most appropriate sources of financing for the construction of a highway in Sudan. Managing financial resources of Decisions Sources of Business Finance Sources of business finances can be divided into three categories and they include short-term financing, intermediate financing, and long-term financing (Medina, 1988). The short-term/intermediate sources of finance include leasing, bank overdrafts, trade credits, bank loans, and credit cards, among others. On the other hand, the long-term sources of finance include; government, local authorities & grants, internal capital, retained profits, venture capital, bank loans, debentures, asset sales, and share capital (FAO Corporate Document Repository n.d.). Assessing the implications of sources of business finance Legal implications of business finance In any business, financial statements provide a highlight of the financial strength of the enterprise. An audit of the financial statement is important in order to allow for investments, financing, and taxing. According to How to Finance your Start-up (n.d.), laws governing auditing vary from country to country and they have to be adhered to in order to avoid any legal implications. Financial statements are required during the applications for personal or financial aid from a bank or any other external source of finance. This is especially the case with long-term financing. In order to gain the confidence of any source of finance, the financial statement has to be reliable, relevant, and understandable. It should also provide for reporting of the business assets, liabilities, equity, income, and expenses. Most potential investors, therefore, find these statements quite useful while assessing the viability of the business in which they wish to make an investment (How to Finance your Startup n.d.). Financial & Dilution of control implications of the sources of business finance The financial implications of the sources of business finance involve the value of the source to the business in terms of expanding the financial base. On the other hand, dilution o
The National Ambient Air Quality Standards are the regulations or policies that are adopted by states to ensure the safety of the environment. Furthermore, this body is concerned with ensuring pollution free air. There are several strategies that this organization takes to ensure that producing companies respect pollution prevention strategies and practice safe production that protect the environment from pollution. National Ambient Air Quality Standards is closely related with other companies that strive to ensure a safe environment. One of the organizations that National Ambient Air Quality Standards is closely associated with is EPA and the 1970 Clean Air Act (Gurjar, Molina, & Ojha, 2010). Generally, National Ambient Air Quality Standards is closely related to these organizations because they also strive to ensure the establishment of a safe and healthy environment. There are common pollutants that states have ambient air quality standards enforced, for instance, they include carbon monoxide, airborne particulate matter, lead, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Different countries have established different policies to assist in the regulation of the six pollutants in their environment, for instance, the United States. The United States have adopted a policy aimed at controlling the effects of carbon monoxide by ensuring there are air cleaners to reduce the level of carbon monoxide in the air every eig