ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The artists Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti are famous for their great artistic pieces of work during the renaissance period. This paper will focus on analyzing the different styles of painting in the paintings Mona Lisa and The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci and The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo Buonarroti. Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci The portrait of Mona Lisa which is also referred to as “La Gioconda,” “wife of Francesco Del Giocondo,” or “Portrait of Lisa Gherardini” was done by an Italian artist by the name Leonardo da Vinci (Da Vinci, 2008). The painting was done on a poplar panel using oil paint in the years 1503 to 1519. The Mona Lisa painting is the most celebrated and famous work of all time. Leonardo da Vinci demonstrates mastery in art as evidenced by the portrait’s subtle detail especially the distinctive gaze of the woman accompanied by a faint smile. Leonardo da Vinci was born in Florence, Italy to a peasant father Piero da Vinci and mother Catarina. He was educated in an arts studio owned by Verrocchio, a Florentine painter. He is said to have been commissioned by Francesco Del Giocondo to paint the portrait of his wife and this is how the Mona Lisa painting came about. The painting is a portrait of a woman sitting upright with the arms folded showing that her posture was a reserved one (Kemp, 2006). Her gaze seems to be fixed on the observer demonstrating Leonardo’s Gombrich and Sfumato styles of painting. Sfumato, Chiaroscuro, and Gombrich are techniques where colors are softened and dark glazes are used to do the edges; it is the use of the smoky colors and somber mood to do a painting (Da Vinci, 2008). The painting style fits the time period of renaissance in Italy when painting was done by concentrating on light and shade. The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo Buonarroti The painting the creation of Adam was done as a section of the Sistine chapel ceiling by Michelangelo in the year 1511. The painting is said to illustrate the “Biblical story of creation where God breathes life to Adam as the first man.” Chronologically, this painting was the fourth to be done in a series which depicted the episodes of creation from the book of genesis done on the Sistine chapel. Michelangelo Buonarroti was born in Caprese, Tuscany Italy in the year 1475 and grew up as a sculptor, painter, and architect. He is famously known for having frescoed the portraits including the Creation of Adam on the ceiling of the Sistine chapel. The creation of Adam portrait was commissioned to be done by the Pope and it focuses on the two main characters which are Adam and God. God is demonstrated as bearded man in a loose robe trying to reach out to a naked man on the left corner, probably Adam. The image shows an outstretched right arm o
Introduction The nature and dimension of trade in the world has been revolutionized through globalization. The trade agreements and rules have also played a big role in enhancing the pace of globalization. Globalization, neoliberalism, free trade and open markets are criticized at a very high rate. In the global market big economies are shaping trade and their interests rule the market. They are also affecting the decisions of the elected leaders in the many economies and make them subject to the interest of the people. The politically and the economically stable nations are dominating the market trends which simply dictates their interest. In the international trade, there are specialized organizations that offer education globally to traders; these are the global trade association. They offer the latest information and help to enhance international business for its members and community (Scollay, 2001). It is the most powerful judicial and legislature that promotes free trade beyond the interests of the local communities, environments and working families. This outlet supports research in the areas of economics which are firmly supported by mathematic analysis of economic problems. The international trade policies and theories are based on different models that are developed to maintain a competitive world effectively. However, the competition may end up being imperfect. They address issues affecting free trade and help in administration disputes from protectionism. The models are mathematically developed where the individuals concerned derives inferences. These models correspond with the world policy issues. The regional trade agreements are preferential multilateral trading systems which have been embraced by the world trade organization as trade policy instruments. Relationship between WTO and the regional trade organizations Regional trade agreements are a segment of the international trade and a key feature of multilateral trading systems that presents the members of the world trade organization with opportunities and challenges. They promote free trade at the regional level helping implement reforms domestically. This helps smaller economies to engineer competitive environments, by addressing factors affecting production, which helps them to embrace competition at a suitable pace thus incorporating the amalgamation to the world economy (Scollay, 2001). The growth of the regional trade agreements raises a concern about the weakening of the multilateral trading system. In the European countries, they are mainly centered on the European Union. These agreements are deeply rooted in the domestic regions and have a wider coverage. They have extended to the service industry. Regional trade agreements open up a liberalization of competition in the international market. They help develop complex networks and regulatory regimes which focus on the trade polic
Methodology Participants The participants of the study are online users from various parts of the world, who could access the course website and fill surveys provided. The study selected 164 participants, who were able to answer the provided surveys appropriately. Out of 164 participants, 128 were females, while 36 were males. The gender analysis of participants shows that female participants were more than triple the number of male participants. Descriptive statistics indicate that the mean age of female participants ( M = 30.86, SD = 11.59) was slightly higher than the mean age of male participants ( M = 29.03, SD = 11.91). Moreover, the descriptive statistics show that the participants of the study were young adults, who have their ages ranging from about 40 years and 19 years basing on the standard deviation and the mean. Materials The study used online surveys in collecting data from the participants of the study regarding the social desirability and comfort of the disclosure. Social desirability comprises of two major elements, namely, self-deception enhancement (SDE) and impression management (IM). According to Paulhus (1984), SDE and IM are two parameters that effectively measure the social desirability of responses that people make. In this view, the online surveys had social desirability as an independent variable, which influences the comfort of disclosure among participants. Close friends and social site users also comprise the independent variables of the study, which influence the comfort of disclosure among participants. In assessing the comfort of disclosure, the survey used a 7-point scale, which ranges from the very uncomfortable (1) to the very comfortable (7). The comfort of disclosure is the dependent variable in which the study used in assessing participants basing on the identified items. The three items assessed the comfort of disclosing the ability to loan money to a best friend, revealing shoplifting behavior, and being unable to bear children owing to medical reasons. Design and Procedure The study employed a survey as the design of data collection among the participants. The procedure of data collection occurred through the online surveys in which the participants filled on the course website. The participants provided their demographic details before undertaking an assessment of the comfort of the disclosure. The participants provide their age, state whether they are close friends or social site users, identified their social desirability of responses in terms of SDE and IM, and indicated their comfort with the disclosure. The study then analyzed the collected data and presented the findings in tables and figures. Results Disclosure to Friends As a function of socially desirable responding, the mean comfort of disclosure to best friends in terms of IM and SDE is relatively high on a scale of 1 to 7. In response to the statement of loaning money to a friend, the low IM is 5.11 and the high IM is 5.25. Likewise, the statement of loaning money to a friend has a low SDE of 4.77 and a high SDE of 5.66. In the aspect of disclosing shoplifted, the mean comfort of disclosure in terms of low IM and high IM is 4.95 and
The words ‘Aerospace’ and ‘Aviation’ have different meanings. While the former is independent, the latter is totally dependent on the former. Aerospace refers to the earth’s atmosphere and the space beyond it (The World Book Encyclopedia, Vol.18). Aviation is only related to aircraft. The word ‘aircraft’ includes aero planes, airships, balloons, helicopters and gliders. Aviation is so totally dependent on aerospace that its process is called the ‘aerospace industry’ (The World Book Encyclopedia, Vol.1). Technology in both aviation and aerospace has proved to be of great advantage to mankind over the years. Aviation has revolutionized the life of man. Planes operate between a dense network of major world cities, ferrying people and cargo to their destinations in a very short span of time; operating under the name ‘airline’ they may extend from small, light planes to huge jumbo jets that have the capacity to hold hundreds of people. Almost all nations today have a minimum of one airline which is mostly state-owned. Airlines also carry cargo – a small amount in passenger aircraft, and the bulk in separate cargo planes. Commuter airlines provide connecting flights to large airports, operating light planes that can hold a small number of passengers. Modern businesses possess their own light planes to transport their executives. Light planes and helicopters are used to ferry relief materials in times of floods, forest fires and earthquakes, thereby greatly alleviating human suffering. Helicopters and small planes are used to transport food and medicine to needy people living in the remotest islands and the densest forests, for example, the Australian ‘Royal Flying Doctor Service’ provides medicine and medical assistance to those living in faraway outback areas. Helicopters are widely used by police to monitor traffic and assist in keeping law and order. Aviation has changed the manner in which wars are fought – modern wars involve jet fighters, bombers and helicopters having swift and awesome striking power with ample support from massive supply jet transports. Aviation provides a huge vista of employment. Manufacture of aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, components and related electronic equipment provides employment to hundreds of thousands of people. Added to them are those who operate these aircraft, those who maintain and repair them, freight forwarders of air cargo, food service companies that supply meals on flights, lawyers who handle cases related to air law, and insurance brokers who provide flight insurance (The World Book Encyclopedia, Vol.1). In aerospace, technology has helped man conduct an increasing amount of aerospace exploration to learn more about the earth, moon, sun, stars, planets, galaxies, how our earth relates with the rest of the universe, and if other intelligent life forms exist in the universe. Information about this has been gathered by manned and unmanned space vehicles that continually venture fu
Do you agree with Howser’s suggestion to “sit tight and ride out the storm,” or should the partners take some action immediately? If so, what action s specifically? The case study shows clearly that the firm is no longer performing well. Within the last few years, the partnership business had grown to become a successful business. The increased activities at the firm led to the creation of the position of “General Manager of Operations”. The firm hired Brad Howser to become the first manager. Things at the firm began to change within less than a year. The case study explains why it would be “hard” to agree with Howser’s suggestion. The current situation calls for immediate action. The firm is currently losing its clients. The employees are also unsatisfied with their working conditions. Howser’s strategies have not worked properly at the firm. This is the case because his expertise appears to be in the “insurance” industry. The partners are aware of the changing needs of their employees and clients. This explains why they should intervene before the situation gets out of control. The owners of the firm should begin by firing Howser because he has affected the firm’s performance. The next action is to mentor the employees and manage all the operations at the firm in a proper manner (Lussier & Achua, 2012, p. 38). This will be possible because they clearly understand the nature of their firm. They also have a clear understanding of their business goals. Assume that the creation of the general manager of operations position was a good decision. What leadership style and type of individual would you try to place in this position? The new position of “General Manager of Operations” was a good idea at the firm. However, the new manager did not portray the best leadership style thus affecting the firm’s performance. This position requires a transformational leader. Such a leader will manage the firm’s operations and take it to a new level of success. According to Marques (2007, p. 105), “a transformational leader finds it easier to achieve most of the goals and organizational objectives”. The best individual for this position should be in legal practice. Such an individual will attract new clients and address his or her employees’ needs. The individual should also communicate effectively to his or her staff (Fenwick, 2004, p. 197). The successful candidate should be young and energetic. A transformational leadership approach makes it easier for the manager to create strong teams and motivate every employee at the firm. The individual should possess “good interpersonal skills, problem-solving abilities, and decision-making strategies” (Rooke & Torbert, 2005, p. 6). This individual will improve the firm’s performance and eventually attract more clients. The firm will become successful because the manager will motivate, mentor, empower and encourage every employee. Consider your leadership style. What types of positions and situations should you seek? What types of positions and situations should you seek to av
When you authored the declaration of independence, in what view were you looking at the American people during that year? When I authored the declaration of independence of the United States of America, I was having a democratic perspective of the American people on my mind. The oppression of my people by Great Britain was overwhelming. Slavery was rampant, and paying taxes to the British without representation of the American people by an American was outrageous to the American people. It is because we were treated like second class citizens in our own country. We wanted to be treated exactly like the British citizens because we were loyal to them. I felt that I had to write about how many Americans were jailed with no reason and how we were made to pay higher taxes. This declaration was meant to declare the independence of the first thirteen American colonies. I wanted to obliterate the tyrannical power propagated by Great Britain over the human mind (Jefferson & Beilenson, 1998). What do you have to say to those responsible Americans according to the way they deal with the situation of human rights violations? I am obliged to compliment all citizens who have approached the issue of human rights soberly during the period in which they interposed their authority constitutionally. Special tribute goes to those leaders who withdrew the citizens of the United States of America from all further participation in those violations of human rights. It is quite evident that the human violations have continued to be perpetrated by the British on unoffending inhabitants of Africa. It is important to note here that the morality, the reputation, and the best interests of our country, have long been eager to be propagated (Post, Not Dated). I am not opposed to wealth as a reward for industry and talent. But the creation of wealth should not be done at the expense of the majority. There must be equality of rights amongst all American citizens (Yarbrough, 2006). How will you continue to tackle the issue of slavery, taking into consideration that you have several slaves, and you have sired children with Sally Hemmings, who is one of them? What can you say about the contradictions now that it has become a public issue? It is something of a cliché to suggest that each future generation will have to come to terms with my contradiction. It is nonetheless true, true because liberty and slavery are the twin poles of the American experience, and I embody them all in extremis . The darkest corner of my life has already been thrown open to public view. But one thing for sure is that I have set my record straight. I have done more good than harm in ending slavery (Post,
Fibromyalgia is an illness characterized by an extensive musculoskeletal discomfort accompanied by exhaustion, sleep, remembrance, and attitude issues. The majority of the investigators accept it as true that fibromyalgia intensifies painful feelings by distressing the way the human brain interprets pain indications. Warning signs habitually appear after a physical trauma, surgical procedure, contamination, and other noteworthy psychosomatic traumas. In other cases, symptoms progressively accrue over time without any causing incident. The factors mentioned above validate the fibromyalgia diagnosis. Moreover, this illness is commonly diagnosed in women aged 25 and more that were exposed to a stressful situation (Castel et al., 2013). Most probably, EP struggles for the reason that she just moved to the town. It is rather reasonable to assume that she has issues connected to the adaptation and self-realization. All of EP’s complaints are implicitly hinting at fibromyalgia, but an extensive examination might be needed to obtain detailed evidence concerning the present illness. EP stated that she would like to continue taking hydrocodone. I would discontinue prescribing this medication for several reasons. First, even though hydrocodone is effective for severe pain, opioids (hydrocodone in this particular case) do not perform as well on enduring chronic illnesses. Furthermore, as it can be seen from EP’s case, they maximize the risk of drug dependence and have been connected to other secondary effects — for instance, intensifying the body’s response to discomfort, along with sleepiness and constipation (Marcus, Bernstein, Haq, & Breuer, 2013). Even though hydrocodone is regularly prescribed in individuals with fibromyalgia, it seems to be of partial efficacy in the utmost patients with this complaint and is commonly not suggested. Even though this medication may decrease pain and help EP improve the quality of her life, hydrocodone prescribed by her family doctor is likely to have a much more adverse impact on her health than any other medication. In this case, my task is to progressively remove opioids (hydrocodone) from the list of prescribed medications. My treatment plan would contain medications that can help decrease the discomfort of fibromyalgia and recover EP’s sleep pattern. More precisely, the plan would include pain relievers, antidepressants, and anti-seizure drugs. When it comes to the over-the-counter painkillers, such medications as Tylenol (325 mg daily, every six hours), Advil (400 mg daily, every six hours), or Aleve (500 mg initially, then 250 mg daily, every eight hours) may be helpful (Anthony, 2015). I might also propose the prescription of Ultram (100 mg once daily). Cymbalta (40 mg once daily) and Savella (50 mg twice daily) may help get rid of the ex
Introduction The great depression is considered as the worst global economic depression during the decade before the onset of the Second World War. There was a variation in the onset of the Great Depression across various countries and it started during 1929 and lasted for the entire 1930s and early 1940s in some countries (Bernanke 58). The Great Depression was the longest, extensive and the deepest economic depression during the twentieth century. It originated in the United States, commencing with a decline in the stock prices that started during September 4, 1929, which later spread to other countries across the globe. The market crash affected all the sectors of the United States economy, which in turn spurred a decade characterized with high rates of unemployment, declining profits, a reduction in the farm profits and increasing poverty levels. The most significant impact of the Great Depression is that it resulted to lost opportunities for steering economic growth in the United States. Despite the fact that the causes of the Great Depression are not clearly known and remains a controversy, it is arguably evident that it resulted to people losing their assurance in the United States economic future. The most common explanations for the causation factors of the economic depression include regulatory failures in the financial markets, high levels of consumer debt, increasing wealth inequality and the declining growth in the new industries (Bernanke 60). This paper discusses the causes of the Great Depression and why the depression lasted for so long. Causes of the Great Depression The Great Depression was caused by a combination of various factors from both the domestic and global conditions. There is no consensus regarding the principal causation factors of the Great Depression. Current theories that attempt to explain the factors responsible for stimulating the Great Depression are widely grouped into two viewpoints. The first viewpoint bases on the macroeconomic impacts on the supply of currency, which includes the Keynesian, monetary, classical and neoclassical economics (Bernanke 65). The second viewpoint is based on the structural theories which lay emphasis on the under consumption and economic bubbles associated with extreme investments. Most people are of the opinion that the crash of the stock market that took place during 1929 as significant factor that resulted to the Great Depression. However, economists refute the significant weight that is allocated to the stock market crash of 1929 on grounds that the crash played a significant role in causing the initial recession. Bank failures during the 1930s also played a significant role in causing the Greatest Depression. During the 1930s, approximately 9000 banking and financial institutions failed. This is because the bank deposits were not insured, implying that people lost their savings (Bernanke 65). This can be attributed to ill regulatory frameworks that did not deploy adequate measures to control lending. The banks that survived during the decade of depre