ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction A single girl versus the assembled members of the United Nations, an unlikely setting yet one that did occur during the 1992 U.N. Earth Summit. Severn Suzuki performance Severn Suzuki, a nine-year-old girl, silenced the assembled gathering of world leaders when she orated a persuasive speech regarding the rampant destruction that is happening to the world today as a result of human activities and how we must all work together to preserve this planet for future generations. The assemblage of world leaders, government representatives, and various dignitaries created an audience that few today have been in front of, for a nine-year girl to step in front of them and criticize their actions would be nerve-wracking at best and this is reflected in the slight stammering that occurs during several parts of the speech. While manuscript speaking was the form of delivery utilized this did not detract from the impact of her delivery. It could be that it was due to the honesty of her delivery and the innocence of her views that helped to heighten the impact beyond that of the slightly monotone manner in which she spoke. In terms of the four persuasive choices being reflected in the speech they were clear however as stated earlier they were robotic in quality and seemed to state a fact rather than attempt to persuade people towards a course of action. The method of persuasion attempted was to appeal to the world leaders present to enact change. She did this by first presenting the problem, her opinion than her solution to the problem. This is the pattern of the entire speech itself. As for the type of proposition used the young girl used the proposition of value and policy in which she encouraged the audience to make a judgment on the current state of the world and attempted to convince them of an alternative course of action. The speech itself did possess all the indicated parts in class and it did give the speech a measure of strength in the manner in which it was delivered since the points the young girl wanted to point out were immediately apparent however it can also be said that it was this strict adherence that may have created a few problems during delivery. While the speech was direct and had a certain degree of impact I have always thought that an overly strict adherence to form and structure makes the delivery of any speech somewhat robotic. While the impact of the speech was evident its form of delivery, was for me, very robotic and lacked a certain degree of emotion. The inherent problem with sticking precisely to form and style are that one runs the risk of losing the ability to properly express emotion. This is one of the main problems that I noticed when the speech was delivered. On the other hand, the strict adherence to form and structure that was done made the proposition clear with the entire speech being very well thought out and organized. W
Introduction Tuberculosis is among the disease category of rare bone diseases, and the problem is estimated to occur in the range of 1 to 3 %. Despite the fact that the disease is termed as rare, its occurrences are increased with the provision of certain favorable environments/conditions such as malnutrition, drug, and medical abuses, presence of certain diseases and/or conditions like HIV, diabetes as we as immune-compromising factors among others. In addition, bone tuberculosis is usually noticed as lesions occurring singly, but the disease sometimes presents with multiple lesions in different patients. Whereas certain diseases show specificity in the area or parts of the attack, bone tuberculosis appears to be least specific, and thus universally infects any type of bone regardless of size and position. The spinal bones are most likely to be infected while attacks are less commonly found in long bones, as it is according to Madkour and Warrell’s (1) knowledge and understanding of the nature of the disease. It is also noted that the problem is likely to originate in parts that are more vascularized in nature. This is evidenced by its common origination at metaphyses in children. Moreover, tuberculosis cases though are noticed in all ranges of the demographic population of people, young children and adults depict high prevalence of all tuberculosis forms. In this view, Golden and Vikram (2) believe the above generalization of the disease’s ability to attack the various body part (tissues and bones) is a clear indication and suggestive of how the disease might present itself as a global threat. Diagnosis There are various diagnosis methods available for detection of the bone tuberculosis. The diagnosis of the bone tuberculosis may be done through the employment of imaging techniques, laboratory probing and/or utilization of clinical methods. However, the employment of the laboratory technique is generally not encouraged for results do not count much in the diagnosis and inter
Executive Summary Disneyland Paris is, by far, one of the best-known entertainment areas in Europe. With the name Walt Disney attached to it, the theme park is understandably the most visited tourist destination in Europe. Seeing that the company has gained cult status, its French subdivision, as understandably enough, gained an impressive competitive advantage in the European entertainment industry market comparatively fast. Nevertheless, Disneyland Paris has developed a range of issues over the past few years due to the rigid policies and the uncompromising compliance with the policy that was set by the company. It is assumed that the adoption of a sustainable strategy that will allow for a more flexible allocation of the corporate resources and assets, as well as the implementation of a better-balanced leadership approach, will help improve the quality of the services provided by Disneyland Paris to a considerable extent. Current Situation Current Performance The French Disneyland is currently at the top of the state’s entertainment-related attractions. Despite being outstandingly popular, the company has been suffering significant expenses over the past few years, as the 2015 report indicates. Indeed, according to the latest inform
Introduction He is a legendary American theologian and fundamentalist leader. During the last days of his life, his health deteriorated and painfully struggled against the health battle. In December 1936, his cohorts warned him against taking a trip to North Dakota because there was frigid temperature. He was much determined to encourage the faithful members of the movement, which he had founded and was under immense criticisms. He had many sleepless nights worrying about the future of that movement after the defection of a great portion of membership (Stonehouse 75). His desire to stay on course compelled him to take a risk of defying the effects by foul weather to his ill-health. He ignored every deterrent to his travelling that his cohorts posed yet they were trying to protect him against the worst health conditions. He also demanded that they proceed to Carson and Leith where he intended to meet with the members of his association, but it was noted that his health condition had started to grow worse. Surprisingly, he did not halt the journey complaining of his health rather he kept them awake with humorous stories on their way. Unfortunately, his cold rapidly became pleurisy, and the team was implored to halt their journey. They turned back seeking for medical help and, despite his illustrious agony, he said that he would not die because of much work that lied ahead of him. His agony increased compelling them to call a doctor, but he still had the strength to maintain a conversational engagement with them (Stonehouse 78). He was diagnosed for pleurisy, but his health condition seemed to grow wearier with time. They took him for further medical attention in a Roman Catholic hospital where he was admitted. Doctors changed their diagnosis from pleurisy to pneumonia, and despite the struggle he was going through his mind was stuck to his mission. He sent some telegraph messages to members of his association in Philadelphia and energy believed could have saved him if he committed it to the fight against illness. Early morning on January 1, 1937, he experienced some periods of lucidity and unconsciousness. At a certain interval of consciousness, he wrote a telegram with the help of a colleague that proved to his colleagues to have been his last word to the faithful. The telegram read: “I am so thankful for the active obedience of Christ. No hope without it” (Hart, ‘ Doctor Fundamentalis” 64). Immediately after the telegraph was written his body became so weak that it could not withstand the rigors that had b
Introduction The 2020 US Presidential Election will be one of the significant events in US political practice and the history of the present century. The author of this paper chose the recent debate between Trump and Biden as a research object because it was the first open ideological confrontation between them. Such research through the Society of the Spectacle methodology is necessary to gain an objective perception of the current reality and the present illusion created by the media. This paper aims to explain the framed spectacle by analyzing three media sources, namely CNN, Fox News, and Euronews. CNN Article Perspectives Analysis Spectacle as Information It can be said that analysis by Stephen Collinson of the presidential debate between Trump and Biden may be perceived as information. The analyst describes the main points of their discussion, gives them critical assessments, and provides readers with political predictions. It means that this article informs readers, primarily supporters of the Democratic Party, about reality. It is because they are the ones who perceive this spectacle as a source that tells them about their candidate, the past event, and confirms their presuppositions about the electoral opponent party in general and President Trump in particular (Collinson, 2020). Republican Party supporters may regard the information provided as an illusion or unfounded criticism. Spectacle as Propaganda It is safe to say that this CNN article can be considered and perceived as propaganda. Collinson boldly states (2020), “but there was only one candidate to blame for that” (para. 8). It is seen that CNN media source chose the Democratic Party’s side in reality in general and in the electoral race in particular. Therefore, this spectacle forms the illusion of the Democratic Party’s superiority and their principles, thereby creating a reality for both groups of voters in which the Democratic Party dominates the political and social fields. Spectacle as Advertisement The spectacle framed by CNN is also an advertisement because it promotes three things, namely the Democratic Party, CNN, and the vote. Collinson (2020) criticizes Trump much more often and harsher than Biden and frequently cites the latter. The media source creates both the illusion and the reality in which the Democratic candidate is a preferable one. Collinson (2020) also advertises the media platform under discussion, providing readers with CNN expert opinions and CNN resource statistics. At the end of the article, the author urges all those who read the news article to vote because every vote determines what political vector social praxis will have for
Health care leaders use their competencies and models to influence the quality of medical services available to different patients. They can guide, empower, and encourage their followers to design appropriate philosophies that can result in positive health outcomes. This paper offers powerful guidelines that managers can pursue to mobilize the power of professionalism as a force for quality. It goes further to describe how leaders can embrace the concept to transform payment and public reporting procedures. Professionalism as a Force for Quality Professionalism is a powerful attribute that many competent leaders in the field of health possess. Brennan (2016) indicates that the skill is essential since it can empower such individuals to create the best environment for promoting quality. Health care leaders can apply this attribute to promote evidence-based standards, procedures, and practices that focus on the diverse needs of the targeted patients. The issue of quality emerges when the targeted individuals receive evidence-based, timely, and personalized medical services. The leader can also mentor all followers to use their philosophies and design powerful models to deliver desirable care. When health leaders promote the idea of professionalism, chances are high that ethical values and competency standards will emerge in the targeted unit or setting. This means all caregivers and practitioners will act diligently, form teams, and collaborate to maximize patients’ outcomes (Egener et al., 2017). Pursuing the concept of professionalism, such managers will encourage all followers to respect their patients, remain calm, and support all those in need. They will empower more beneficiaries of care to provide their views, expectations, and needs. The move will ensure that all units collaborate, embrace emerging technologies, and make decisions that will eventually maximize the quality of available health services. These aspects reveal that health leaders can pursue the idea of professionalism as a powerful force for quality. Public Reporting and Payment Managers in healthcare organizations can align the outlined initiatives and strategies with existing incentive systems. Egener et al. (2017) define “incentive systems” as models or plans put in place to compensate or reward workers for the services they offer. Within the healthcare system, leaders can focus on the concept of professionalism to support the development and implementation of powerful incentive systems that will ensure that caregivers and practitioners receive competitive rewards. The introduced aspects, organizational cultures, and initiatives should support such incentive systems (Knickman & Kovner, 2015). With better payments, salaries, and benefits, most of the healthcare professionals will act diligently, support their patients’ emerging needs, and eventually provide high-quality services. It is vital to ensure that all strategies for empowering patients resonate with the developed incentive systems. Public reporting is another evidence-based practice that competent health leaders should pursue. Using the concept of professionalism, such managers
Introduction Human beings can be called complex animals and these results in diversity whether it is in society, home, or the workplace. Diversity can be with regard to culture, economic status, qualification, social status, color, physical differences, and the like. Moreover, growing levels of globalization have resulted in increasing cultural and ethnic diversity. This paper is aimed at studying the factor of diversity climate in organizations. It will also create a model for analyzing diversity and will also attempt to implement the same in a cultural diversity program. Diversity Climate Before moving on to the topic, it would be ideal to define the term diversity. Diversity “Includes characteristics or factors such as personality, work style, religion, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, having a disability, socioeconomic level, educational attainment, and general work experience. Diversity refers to all of the characteristics that make individuals different from each other.” (Adeniyi & Turner, 2005). It can be seen that diversity is a very large field. This diversity is both advantageous as well as disadvantageous to firms. The advantage is obtained if all the good points of each type of diversity are combined to work for the good of the organizations and the individuals working there. The disadvantage is that this diversity will lead to a lack of understanding among persons. This can lead to suspicion and conflict thereby creating tensions in the workplace and also reducing morale and productivity. Hence it can be said that a diverse climate will form inside the organization. A diversity climate can be defined as “organizational members’ attitudes and perceptions toward people from cultural groups other than their own.” (Schauber, 2001). Diversity climate can affect the career of the individual worker as well as the organization itself. There are three levels here namely “individual-level factors, group/intergroup factors, and organizational-level factors. (Cox’s 1993 interactional model of cultural diversity: Review of related literature: Chapter 2). It can also have a bearing on the individual career of employees in two ways. They are effective outcomes and achievement outcomes. The first is how the employee perceives his job, workplace, etc. Achievement outcomes are related to t
It is widely known that an individual’s obesity in childhood could potentially lead to obesity in adulthood. However, there is not much information about factors of normal diet among children contributing to the development of weight problems in adulthood. The issue is explained by the fact that experts agree that a child’s life should be focused on activities and not meals in most cases. Thus, there is a gap of information on the correlation of weight problems among adults with childhood diet. The research performed by Barbour-Tuck et al. (2018) focused on the influence of childhood fat development on fat mass during adulthood showed reasonable possibilities for the fat mass to transfer from childhood to adulthood. Although the research mainly pointed to the potential risks for obesity being constant from a young age, one could say that children’s diet could influence the overall individual’s health and weight status in the future. As for me, I agree that eating habits from young age influence eating habits and even health in adulthood. My eating habits were not significantly different from many children of my age. I think that all children share the same dislike for vegetables and fish. Moreover, my eating habits as a young child included moderately high sugar intake and constant snacking. Although now I try to control the level of sugar intake, I frequently experience a wish to eat something sweet. However, now I prefer more natural and organic options without added sugars, so it is both similar and different from my eating habits at a young age. As I often refused vegetables and preferred sweet and savory snacks, now I try to balance the need for snacking with healthier options, which is also similar and different from my early eating habits. I agree that my early eating habits were a forerunner for my weight status now, so I try to keep a nutritious diet to compensate for the lack of vitamins from my childhood diet. Reference Barbour-Tuck, E., Erlandson, M., Muhajarine, N., Foulds, H., & Baxter-Jones, A. (2018). Influence of childhood and adolescent fat development on fat mass accrual during emerging adulthood: A 20-year longitudinal study. Obesity, 26 (3), 613–620. doi:10.1002/oby.22111
Lyme disease is not easy to diagnose, and sometimes, treatment is delayed. However, instead of prompting patients to take up treatment on their own, it is important to give them adequate information about the symptoms so that they can help physicians begin early treatment. A patient with Erythma migrans followed by arthritis and recalls being bitten by a tick around the affected areas is probably suffering from Lyme disease. This information is reliable enough to warrant immediate treatment rather than waiting for conclusive laboratory evidence. Beginning the treatment early will help the patient recover fully and stop the symptoms from recurring. Treatment is reliable in the early course of Lyme disease. However, if the diagnosis is done when the disease has already developed, then the disease may become chronic. The symptoms will take longer to treat and the patient may experience persistent symptoms. Such conditions call for the treatment to continue until the patient has totally recovered. When doctors refuse to give care after 30 days regardless of the conditions, they are not only putting the patient at risk of long-term illness, but they are also failing to keep their philosophy as caregivers. Insurance companies should also recognize Lyme as a chronic disease and provide coverage. Medical boards are independent bodies. Therefore, it is not easy to impose laws on them. However, it is required that they provide ethical services. Denying patient’s treatment simply because long-term treatment is expensive and the symptoms are always likely to disappear after about a month of treatment is quite unethical. This stand has seen many people being subjected to both long-term illnesses and financial trains because it is difficult to find a doctor who is willing to treat Lyme disease and even if one finds a willing doctor, most insurance companies are always reluctant to pay for expensive, continuing courses of antibiotics prescribed for the disease. Regular tests should be done during the course of treatment to ensure that the bacterium has been eliminated before stopping treatment.
Controlling Function The controlling function in a healthcare organization may cover the areas of consumer engagement, organizational efficiency, and improved information use for decision-making, patient-care management and performance assessment (Brown et al, 2005). The strategic controls may also extend to various administrative controls like delegation, evaluation, budgetary controls, performance management through balanced scorecard, HR policies and procedures, quality control in patient services. Strategic Controls One of the important strategic controls being exercised by the healthcare organization of choice is the budgetary control system. The organization has evolved an overall operating budget, which is drawn up every year, covering all the departments. This yearly budget is broken down into monthly and divisional operating budgets and is communicated to all the departments for strict adherence. A monthly review of the actual performance is undertaken based on the “performance report” to be submitted by each departmental head explaining the reasons for any variance between the budgeted and actual performance. Corrective actions are initiated wherever there are sources of any problem. On the Human Relations side, there is a well-defined set of guidelines in the form of “Employee Guide”. This guide sets out all rules, policies and procedures to be followed in respect of hiring, compensating and firing of administrative and operating staff at all levels. It also covers the performance assessment and promotions of staff at different positions. This guide has been prepared based on the assessment of the functioning of the organization over a period of time and has been considered as a useful control tool for meeting any HR issues as it covers an extensive area of operations. Similarly, on the physician and patient engagements there are well laid out policy guidelines, which have made the functioning within the organization well controlled to meet the overall organizational strategic objectives. For the assessment of the overall performance of the organization is following the balanced scorecard approach. The Balanced Scorecard Model of strategic management system was first introduced in the year 1990 from a study of number of companies (Kaplan & Norton, 1996). The study concluded that organisations could not just rely on their financial measures to ensure success in the changing environments. This is more so in the case of organisations that have key success factors based on intellectual capital and knowledge based assets. The performance metrics included the four perspectives outlined in the balanced scorecard approach cover  1. Financial,  2. Customer,  3. Internal Business Processes and  4. Learning and Growth (Charles et al, 2002) Financial Perspective This perspective provides for an overall improvement in the cost reduction objectives and other financial objectives to be achieved. Customer Perspective In the place of customers/patients, the individual service departments will incorporate the objectives to be achieved from the perspectives