ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Clara Barton (1821-1912), the founder of the American Red Cross , is one of the most honored people in U.S. history. She was a nurse who did humanitarian work and civil rights advocacy during the American Civil War. This report examines Clara Barton’s life and accomplishments as an advocate. Barton was a first aid practitioner, educator, and advocate who saved many people’s lives. She was born on Christmas day in 1821, being the youngest of five siblings (Michals, 2015). When her older brother became ill, Clara saved his life, identifying her ability to be a nurse. At the age of 18, she managed to be a teacher for children whose parents worked for her brother (Michals, 2015). Due to such events, Clara learned how to advocate for people who need help and protection. During the Civil War, she was called “the Angel of Battlefield” for her successful treatment of soldiers, administration, and help in communication between the military man and the governments (Clara Barton, 2018). Clara effectively negotiated with politicians, civilians, and medical workers, showing the importance of medical suppliers and first aid delivery in emergencies. By force of her personal experience, Clara Barton founded a new field of volunteering. In 1881, at the age of 60, Barton established the American Red Cross to provide help to people in distress (Founder Clara Barton). She knew how people need assistance and support in wartime. Moreover, Barton reported about missing soldiers helping their families to find them. Along with her team, they received over 63000 letters, identifying more than 22000 missing men (Founder Clara Barton). In 1905, she also founded the National First Aid Association America which was aiming to increase awareness about first aid help in emergency situations in civilian life (Clara Barton, 2018). Due to the organization, people knew what to do in critical moments and how to assist with injuries. Apart from advocating for soldiers, medical workers, and civilians, she was an active activist in the women’s suffrage movement. She had equal payments with her male counterparts during her work as an office worker at Patent Office in 1854 (Clara Barton, 2018). Clara Barton was one of the bravest ones who achieved the right to vote for women, changing the nation. Through public speeches about women’s rights, she went against recognized norms of being a woman, supporting her peers in reaching equal rights. Barton understood that what was done was uncommon for women, thus, demonstrating that a woman can do various work. She advocated for women to be public figures and motivated them to strive for higher goals. Overall, Clara Barton is one of the most prominent figures in American history who saved the lives of many people and provided help for the ones in need. She founded the American Red Cross to provide healthcare support for soldiers and civilians during the Civil War. In addition, Clara Barton established the National First Aid Association America to make the public aware of the significance of first aid and medical treatments in emergency cases. She
McDonald’s leads the food service sector globally, with its more than 70 million customers in more than 100 countries. It relies on 35,000 locations and uses a franchise model to sustain growth globally. The parent company owns 20 percent of the restaurants, while the remaining share belongs to independent businesses (McDonald’s, 2014). What kind of market does the company belong to? The market of McDonalds’s products is perfectly competitive because there are many rivals, who have equal access to the customers. At the same time, customers have adequate information about the products offered by all companies in the industry, and they are free to pick any of the products they see fit. Prices of the products depend on a business’s strategic positioning in the market. At the same time, prices are sensitive to any deviations from the market equilibrium position. For example, if the price of a McDonald’s burger increases substantially to be different from the ordinary price of burgers in a particular country, then consumers will prefer to buy burgers from the competing brands and shun the McDonald’s brand. McDonald’s belongs to the quick service restaurant industry, specializing in the delivery of easy to grab food menu items. What is the Price Elasticity of Demand for the goods that the McDonald’s sells? The price elasticity of foods and nonalcoholic beverages offered by the company is generally under one. Additionally, the inclusion of food away from home in the analysis brings the elasticity towards one. Typical scores for the price elasticity of fast food restaurant food are 0.7 to 0.8. An interpretation of this elasticity is that the demand for the food or beverage is very sensitive to price changes. If prices increase by one percent, then the expected reduction in demand will be 0.8 percent to 0.7 percent. Is the demand elastic or inelastic? The demand for McDonald’s products is elastic. Changes in price, caused by the company’s decision or regulatory influences such as tax and subsidy policies, can lead to fluctuations in demand in the short term. Customers do not have to invest in the brand for long for them to be able to derive value. Moreover, they do not build significant attachment to foods and beverages offered, such that they cannot cut their purchases or shift to the substitute products. In fact, the presence of many alternatives contributes to the elasticity of the demand for the company. The elastic nature of demand for the company’s product places it in a risky market position. At the same time, the quality of food served by the company is a source of concern for many stakeholder groups that seek to influence healthy food choices in society. Therefore, McDonald’s business remains vulnerable to factors that affect prices of its goods and the demand, as a result. Increased focus on healthy eating habits in society caused by a high prevalence of lifestyle diseases, such as diabetes and obesity, is causing consumers an
Introduction: Leadership Vision From the wide study of leadership and business, I can conclude that I am the type of leader who guides the subordinates in meeting their personal and organisational goals. I believe that I have the strength and personal will to influence my subordinates’ decisions and thoughts. Honesty, truth, inspiration, insights, and love of purpose form my leadership pillars (Millar & Poole 2011). In my capacity as a manager in a department at the Abu Dhabi Airport, my leadership vision will be including all stakeholders in the pursuit of the firm’s objectives. As a leader, I have to develop a transformational system of leadership to realise success in different situations. This broad charismatic character educes employees’ interests, thus motivating them to go beyond the set targets of the organisation at the expense of their self-interests (Lexa 2008). Moreover, as various cultures perceive communication skills differently, I will have to learn the perceptions of all cultures and the symbols that they attach to every aspect of communication. Personal Inspiration The CEO of Emirates Airline His Highness Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum, and the Microsoft Company’s CEO, Bill Gates are some great leaders who have influenced my understanding of effective leadership based on the application of ethical aspects. Bill Gates believed that effective leadership does not suggest one particular way of managing an organisation or people within it. Scholars have steered clear of imposing any leadership style as a modicum of a proven methodology. Business leaders, therefore, need to align their leadership capacities and to moderate their style of leadership in a way that matches the developmental paradigms of the markets they embrace (Levenstein 1981). Establishing and building upon these leadership traits at a tender age, Bill Gates ended up transforming the Microsoft world in a way no one could ever have imagined. Bill Gates’ choice of leadership was the one meant to lead the people and the Microsoft Company to high performance and broaden market appeal. In guiding the Microsoft Company to become a giant firm in the tech industry, Bill Gates made me understand the dynamics of effective leadership from the aspect of adhering to values and norms of an organisation.
In Mark Twain’s work called “The Innocents Abroad,” he describes the trip across Syria and, namely, the visit to the city of Damascus from the perspective of a foreigner coming from a Western country. Twain points out how poor that place is. He also shares his impression of seeing all the religious people, women with covered faces barely showing their eyes, reckless attitude towards health and unsanitary conditions. Twain skillfully employs irony and sarcasm typical for his works to emphasize the massive difference between the life the travelers were used to and the life they got to observe in Damascus. Twain also notices how much the tourists from the West fall out of the general surroundings because the climate and lifestyle of the Arabs are very uncommon to them. The author ironically describes the funny and ridiculous outfits tourists had to wear in Syria because of the heat and the bright sun (Twain par. 33). The author also compares the Western doctor to Jesus because he has the ability to heal the sick, which is admired immensely in Damascus. Twain’s language is rather sharp and judgmental at times. The parts I liked the most were the passages where the author describes the magnificent beauty of Damascus, comparing it with the Garden of Eden and elaborating on how old it is. This description is designed to make the reader realize how short and fast-flowing people’s lives are c
Introduction to the Project The project will primarily focus on the issue of opioid abuse and addiction to treat and minimize the effects of pain through the given pharmacological method of pain management. The project’s accentuation is centered around the utilization and implementation of physical therapy or PT, which is a form and subset of a wide range of alternative pain management strategies and frameworks. Opioid overuse can be categorized as one of the major challenges of the United States’ healthcare system since the drugs are highly effective at reducing the severity of both acute and chronic pain. However, these measures come with a substantial drawback, where users of opioids become addicted to them, which perpetuates a continuous cycle of use of these pharmacological methods as the only means for pain management (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2017). Therefore, with such a wide-scale use of opioids, the drugs are often misused, where they are not used for their intended objectives, which mainly involve surgical interventions and specific illnesses (Neuman et al., 2019). Therefore, the major dilemma is put before medical experts, especially physicians, who need to decide whether or not to let a patient suffer from pain or prescrib
India. Geographic Location The geographic location is South Asia. India is regarded to be the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country. It is surrounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west as well as the Bay of Bengal on the east. The total length of the coastline is 7,517 kilometres. Its neighbors are Pakistan to the west; People’s Republic of China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and Indonesia in the Indian Ocean. Climate The climate varies from tropical monsoon in southern part of the country to temperate in northern part of the country. The climate of India comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a large geographic scale and varied topography. In accordance with the Köppen system, India hosts six major climatic subtypes, ranging from desert in the west, to alpine tundra and glaciers in the north, to humid tropical regions supporting rainforests in the southwest and the island territories. Many regions have starkly different microclimates. The nation has four seasons: winter (January and February), summer (March to May), a monsoon (rainy) season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to December). Terrain The terrain varies from upland plain in the south, on the eastern part is plain land, on the western part is a desert and on north, mountainous region. Capital The capital of the country is New Delhi located on the northern part of the country. It is a cosmopolitan city due to the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural presence of the vast Indian bureaucracy and political system. The city’s capital status has amplified the importance of national events and holidays. National events such as Republic Day, Independence Day and Gandhi’s birthday are celebrated with great enthusiasm in New Delhi and the rest of India. On India’s Independence Day (15 August) the Prime Minister of India addresses the nation from the Red Fort. It is regarded to be the cultural, and consequently political center of the country with lots of places of interest for tourists and the majority of the governmental bodies. Type of Government Federal type of government. India is a republic consisting of 28 states and seven union territories with a parliamentary system of democracy. India has a bicameral parliament o
Elie Wiesel was born on the 30th 0f September 1928 in what is presently known as the kingdom of Romania. His hard working father owned a shop while his faithful mother was a devoted believer in God. His mother gave him the faith that kept him through the trying moments he would later experience in life. At the peak of the second world war, the suffering of Jews had intensified. Adolf Hitler had increased his crackdown and the severity of torture in the concentration camps was beyond our wildest imagination (Wiesel 34-34). The Wiesel family kept a low profile hoping that their peace would go undisturbed. Elie was picking up the family’s way of life as it is the case with most Jewish families. However the silence and peaceful nature was disturbed in 1940.His hometown known as Sighet was captured and all the Jews were consigned to houses that resembled the low class housing of African American slaves in North America. These houses had no running water and all other social amenities were missing. Elie’s Early life…Historical Context Hitler gave orders that the Hungarian authorities give information regarding all the Jews who were in Sighet and its environs. The Hungarian authorities got scared of Hitler’s ruthlessness that had gained notoriety for pitiless torture and unannounced ambushes. They therefore allowed the Germany army to come and pick all the Jews who were in Sighet. Elie and his family were taken to camp Auschwitz together with other Jewish families. The young boy was separated from his mother and siblings. He was taken to a different center within the camp with his aging father. The conditions in the camp were devastating. The fact that he was able
Overview Introduction Entrepreneurs, regardless of their inherent location or gender, share similar problems in relation to properly accessing sufficient capital to start their business, developing a sufficient cash flow to sustain their venture and a variety of other distinctions that are connected to the process of developing a business. With the development of new internal policies within the UAE comes an era where women have become more empowered, both in the workforce and in entrepreneurship. This is evidenced by the fact that nearly 54% of all university graduates within the UAE are women and that a growing percentage of them focus on furthering their own careers and the development of their family business or their own business [1]. This is not to imply that women themselves cannot be entrepreneurs within the country, far from it: women are actually actively encouraged to take part in business and several have become successful entrepreneurs. However, there is some empirical evidence indicating that women are not actively involved in entrepreneurial activities. For instance, one can speak about a low rate of female entrepreneurship since only 3 out of 10 businesses started by women [2], [3]. It is possible to examine the situation in other countries, for example, one can mention that in Russia, 44 percent of entrepreneurs are represented by women [4]. Overall, the increasing number of female entrepreneurs is a trend that has been observed over the last two decades, following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Similarly, it is possible mention such a country as Thailand where the populations of male and female entrepreneurs are relatively equal [5]. This tendency has been prevalent since 2002 [5]. To some extent, this phenomenon can be explained by the growing economic development of this country and the absence of legal barriers to entrepreneurship. Thus, the level of female entrepreneurship in the UAE is lower in comparison with other states. Therefore, it is possible to conjecture that there are some barriers that prevent women for pursuing entrepreneurial career. These restrictions come in the form of: women needing permission from a male to start a business insufficient support from the government, lack of collaboration with other women. In this research what will be analyzed are the inherent difficulties experienced by female entrepr
Introduction In their research study titled “Teaching the Immigrant Child: Application of Child Development Theories”, Onchwari and colleagues seeks to use case examples to demonstrate the multiplicity of challenges facing immigrant children and how various child development theories can be used to deal with these challenges. Specifically, the researchers are interested in analyzing various theoretical dispositions of outstanding child development theorists in a spirited attempt aimed at understanding the divergent needs of immigrant children in a classroom setting. Body of the text The study is informed by the need to come up with proactive solutions to the challenges facing immigrant children, who are undoubtedly the fastest growing segment in the United States child population. It is believed that an estimated one million immigrants enter the United States each year, with many of these immigrants being at their childbearing age in addition to exhibiting exceptionally high fertility rates (Onchwari, Onchwari & Keengwe, 2008). In one of the case studies discussed in the article, the researchers demonstrate a scenario where the kindergarten teacher has in his class an African child who is often in conflict with other children due to his show-offs, particularly during the time he dresses in his African outfit. Despite the fact that other children in the school frequently complains about this behavior, and in spite of the fact that the teacher has taken time to talk to the African child about this behavior, the child does not stop this undesirable behavior, in large part because it is not viewed as overly negative in the African culture (O
In most cases, engineering processes have often been regarded as designing, structuring, and machines. However, engineering economics has proved to be a critical aspect of engineering that plays an important role in effectively using limited resources. Engineering economics entails evaluating the past performance of a project and analyzing future predictions. If followed as stipulated by the engineering process, numerous methods can highlight the future and account for the past procedures. Additionally, it helps in choosing an alternative that will provide an end product with minimum costs. Therefore, time and uncertainty are critical in every step of engineering and should often be considered. In engineering economics, the time value of money is critical in every action taken by the project managers. Money has time value because it has to earn power and can generate more money over time. The purchasing power of money also changes, and it can be determined in terms of interest rates. The interest rates can be determined through simple interest and compound interest. In simple interest, the interest rate is only charged on the initial amount. However, in compound interest, the interest rate is charged on the initial amount and any other interest rates that and not withdrawn. Purchasing is, however, determined by inflation and deflation. Inflation is a general rise in the prices of goods and services, while in deflation, the prices of goods decrease. Economic equivalence is the core of engineering economics as it allows an engineer to evaluate the viability of two or more projects. It is always determined when cash flows have the same economic effect and can therefore be traded. Although there can be differences in the time and amount, an appropriate interest rate equalizes the projects. Economic equivalence can be determined through interest rates and profitability. Compound interest can be calculated annually or monthly based on the project’s life cycle and cash flows. Equivalence can also be determined in cases where there is deflation or inflation. However, interest rates are carefully considered as they help determine the market value and account for all the changes witnessed. Analyzing interest rates, payment period, interest period, and effective interest rate are critical for effective evaluation. The payment period is the time frame between the completion of the project and the period it makes its first profit (Chowdhury et al., 2018). It is calculated in weeks, months, quarterly, semiannually, and annually. In cases it is estimated that the payback period will be short, such a project is always deemed viable, and it is chosen over a project with a long payback period. The interest period is when an interest rate commences; it ends excluding the first day of interest payment. Effective interest rate, however, is the gains obtained from the deposited amount for a particular period. Profitability is, however, determined by measuring investment worth. This method can also be effective i