ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The American constitution gives the Congress the mandate to provide for the common defense of the nation as well as its general welfare. However, it does not provide information that defines the term ‘common defense’. Additionally, it does not give any specific guidelines for the budgetary allocation of the defense budget. For the last few decades, most of the Americans were of the opinion that common defense entails the activities of a single agency, the Department of Defense (DoD), in enhancing national security (Brook 33). However, national security can only be achieved by coordinating the several state agencies and requires sufficient funding/budgetary allocation. The defense budget cuts are making many Americans feel insecure since all the agencies involved may not be able to function eff
h`e classroom schedule is present and contains all the activities for the day. The intended audience of the schedule are parents and caregivers, and the language of the schedule is appropriate. For example, all of the activities, such as finger-play and outside play are named in a casual manner that would not cause any confusion and require further clarification. The schedule is located close to the classroom door, which makes it visible and accessible to parents, educators, and children. Furthermore, the schedule is rather detailed and includes all activities and transitions throughout the session. Overall, the classroom schedule fulfills all the requirements and provides parents with the necessary information. Transitions are an essential part of every classroom schedule. However, they are also very challenging to plan and carry out efficiently (Vitiello, Booren, Downer, & Willford, 2012). In the present schedule, transitions occupy around 35 minutes of the session, which is sufficient to ensure a smooth transition between activities. Transitions included handwashing, cleaning up, and bathroom reminders, which are typical activities for transitions (Vitiello et al., 2012). These types of transition help children to maintain good hygiene and behavior, while at the same time allowing them to discuss the previous activity with peers. +++++74hroughout the transitions, children exhibited positive behavior and returned to the classroom in time for the next scheduled activity. Only tw
Introduction Chapter seven of Johnstone’s text is the most interesting chapter. The chapter dwells on religion and politics and shows how religion has continued influencing politics and how the two institutions are related. Parallels between the two institutions are also quite interesting especially when the author brings out their authority in the society and implicitly shows that the two are not foes but do complement each other. This essay seeks to show how the author brings out the relationship between religion and politics and the fact that the church will continue influencing politics for long due to several reasons. Role of Politics in the Economy Two distinct characteristics distinguish politics. Politics is normative in nature, which manifests in the way decisions are arrived at, the methods of executing certain activities, and the expectations created concerning rights and preferences (Johnstone). In other words, politics lays down rules and regulations that govern the society as well as the goals for such a society. Politics sets the steps necessary to achieve such goals and determines how and when each individual exercises their rights and what privileges apply to various individuals (Johnstone). Politics also involves the process of delegating the sovereign power of the people to individuals who use coercive power to execute set goals, which involves securing the society and protecting the people (Johnstone). The individuals entrusted with the coercive authority and the institutions therein make up the government. The government must use coercive power because individuals seek to gain from the same limited rewards and failure to regulate or use coercive power would result in chaos and disorder. Such rewards include finances, prestige, power, and love among others (Johnstone). It is the nature of human beings not to get contented with what they get at any particular time and as such, each person wants more of what they have and is constantly striving to increase the rewards such as money, affection and possessions (Johnstone). This results in discrepancy between supply and demand and competition ensues as people try to secure their share (Johnstone). It is in this situation that politics and government regulate the methods of achieving such rewards. As such, Harold Lasswell ’s definition of politics fits into such a situation. He defined politics as who gets what, when, and how (Johnstone). Influence of Religion Religion affects political life in every society in different ways and under different circumstances. At times, the church is not so successful in pushing its agenda concerning political life but several instances prove that the church still influences the political life of the society and more so in America. The major areas that religion has influenced in the past include the design and motivation of the civil rights movement, the citizens’ support for World War I and World War II as well as in the Prohibiti
Traveling is a perfect opportunity to learn the unique character, history, and culture of different countries and cities. Prague provides the ideal opportunity to make the traveling experience memorable. Visiting the heart of Europe will allow the traveler to learn more about the Czech culture and traditions and admire the astonishing architecture and city planning. Prague is famous for its unique architecture preserving the features of the different styles of buildings. The essential factor making Prague a unique city is its architecture. The castles and churches which can be found in Prague have a magnificent designs. Rooting in the Gothic and Barocco styles, the buildings in this city stand out by the colors, material, and decorations used while creating these masterpieces of architectural art. The most exciting fact about Prague is that the traveler can find there all the existing architectural styles, from Gothic to Modern (Rahate, 2020). Such buildings as the Rotunda of St. Martin, the Church of Our Lady, and Wallenstein Palace will leave every visit a memorable and lasting impression. These gorgeous constructions are full of mysteries, like an ancient fairytale book with magnificent pictures. Prague also has much interesting sightseeing to offer for people who tend to the more contemporary building design. Compared to the other styles, the number of installations of modernism in this city is considerably small. One of the examples is the Dancing House, architectured by Frank Gehry, which is an impressive construction. This building is like the golden ratio is perfect but strives to surpass the physical laws. Therefore, Prague is a city worth visiting because of its splendid architecture. The uniqueness of the town is in the combination of ancient and contemporary architecture styles. Such a mixture of themes in building tradition makes visiting Prague a memorable and satisfying traveling experience. This city is diverse and has a lot of various sightseeing for different architectural tastes. It is also essential to mention that visiting Prague has various advantages besides the architecture and sightseeing. Reference Rahate, O. (2020). Architectural styles that can be seen in Prague . Web.
Paradigm shift in learning Experience Advantages of Social Media                                   Disadvantages        Early Recognition of Student Needs and Formative Assessment  Privacy of Educators Increased Sense of Student Achievement                       Lack of Resources    Student Engagement                                           Equity of Access     Information Management                                       Legality             Establishment of Classroom Community                                              Access to Marginalized Students                                                    Modified: Goldfarb , 2011. FaceBook and Twitter as Tools for Social Media and Networking in University FaceBook   * Free entry;   * Allows for creation of individual profile;   * Allows adding of friends and exchange of messages;   * Allows account holders to groups of interest. Twitter   * Free messaging but message characters not more than 140;   * Acts as a microblog;   * Stay touch;   * Live tweeting;   * Internet research. Advantages and Disadvantages For Classroom/Learning Purposes Advantages                                                          FaceBook                                                            Student Perspective                                                  Instructor Perspective                                 Informal and enticing environment promotes spontaneity               Fosters collaboration through collective intelligence  Large following among the teen that form bulk of student fraternity  User profiles are accessible resources                 User transparency wins immediate gratification                       Reduces chances of classmate marginalization           Has a democratic learning atmosphere                                 Encourages out-of-class student engagement             There is direct virtual contact with instructors                     Teaches ethics on individual and social responsibility Challenges the University administrators always to be up-to-date     Students can connect one-on-one with guest speakers    Strong tool for awareness creation and intimacy                                                                             Twitter                                                        Advantages                                                      Disadvantages                                                                   Allows real time and real world classroom experience            Social challenges: ensuring etiquette                                           Links posted directly from field by colleagues                  Social challenges: ensuring vertical thinking                                   Access to current news and development in specific professions  Assistance to handle backchanneling in classroom                                Live Tweet a
Introduction A nursing home is a special nursing facility where the old, the mentally, and the physically challenged or handicapped people in society are taken care of. They also offer occupational and other rehabilitative therapies to people disabled through accidents or illness. Nursing homes are also sometimes referred to as rest homes or rehabilitation centers. They are either publicly owned or privately owned. Publicly owned are run and managed by the government. For a patient to qualify to be in a public nursing facility the state requires that the person should be below the poverty line and thus have no life savings or any asset. A nursing home whether public or private must have a licensed and registered nurse on a 24-hour basis. The registered nurse heads a contingent of the highly trained workforce whose duty is to ensure that the occupants are well taken care of. Most public nursing homes are associated with certain public hospitals and are usually located within the hospital premises. There has been increasing pressure to separate nursing homes from the hospital’s premises to give a view to the residents that a nursing home is a separate entity from a hospital. Most residents especially those who at one time have been hospitalized, view nursing homes and especially those within the hospital premises as a continuation of their hospitalization process. This makes them hard to handle, as they develop negative attitudes towards these homes and they constantly urge to be taken to their original homes. These nursing homes provide a range of services to their occupants. They provide services of nurses, nursing aides and assistants, physical, occupational, and speech therapists. Other services include specialist care and recreational facilities. However, these homes are understaffed. Most health workers shy away from their responsibility as it is professionally demanding. Effects of a nursing home on one’s lifespan Nursing homes cover nursing services for beneficiaries who require skilled nursing care or rehabilitation services following advancement in age, disability, due to accidents, or diseases leading to body impairment. Nursing facility beneficiary is those people who need daily experienced nursing care or other skilled rehabilitation services which can only be provided only on an inpatient basis. Through the provision of these services, the beneficiary’s lifespan is increased. (Ballinem2000). Nursing homes can provide a short nursing facility or long nursing facilities. A short nursing facility may be offered in a hospital-based facility. Occupants of such facilities enjoy special treatments as they can access specialized care facilities from the hospitals. Most of the occupants are usually those affected by diseases, alcoholics, drug addictions, or those involved in accidents and upon healing, they return to their h
A legally enforceable contract should be devoid of inadequacies and legal incompetence. All the legal elements must be present in an agreement that the parties enter into with an intention to be legally bound by the contract. Parties enter into contracts that are bound by law to gain an advantage of being remedied in case the contract fails to materialize (Kröll 42). Parties also seek to be secured by the law in case of misrepresentation or other unforeseeable issues. In that respect, there are six fundamental requirements of an enforceable contract that, which include an offer and acceptance, mutual agreement, consideration, competent parties, legality, and proper form of contract (Ferrari 21). This paper will establish the presence or otherwise of each element of the contract as stated above from the fact pattern in the case study of Goodscan and Hospitex contract. Offer and acceptance Goodscan is a manufacturing company that has been in negotiations with Hospitex in a bid to sell the 5 x-ray machines to Hospitex. This amounts to an offer made by Goodscan to Hospitex, especially where the company proposes to sell the machines at a quoted price of two hundred thousand Canadian dollars. A representative from Goodscan travelled to negotiate a deal with Hospitex, an indication of intention to sell or enter into a contract of transaction. On the other hand, Hospitex took part in the discussions to the extent that it proposed its own mechanisms of transaction, such as the law that will bind it and the channel to use in case of a dispute. It is important to note that to this extent, there is no acceptance by Hospitex and the additional clause or any other aspect of the contract is subject to confirmation by Goodscan. Notwithstanding the agreement by Hospitex to buy the said X-ray machines at a price as quoted, Goodscan is still entitled to disagree on the additional terms of the contract. Nevertheless, it qualifies that there is an offer. Acceptance in this scenario is by expression and implication of Hospitex to purchase the x-ray machines only if Goodscan accepts to be bound by the convention for contracts for the international sale of goods, as well the clause stating that any dispute arising should be arbitrated using the laws of Ontario. Nevertheless, it is important to note that Hospitex accepted the offer by implication of engaging in talks and transacting payments for that purpose. This qualifies as a valid acceptance. Mutual agreement There are two parties in the scenario, Goodscan and Hospitex, both being companies that have representatives who have conclusively entered into a contract. The parties have come together to enter into the contract willingly and in their own legitimate and legal capacities for purposes of transacting. In this respect, the parties are not enticed or lured into the contract. Consequently, it is safe to say the agreement between the parties is a mutual one. Consideration The Goodscan Company made an offer, including a price for the offer to Hospitex. The two parties negotiated and agreed to a pric
The Jodi Arias case presents a case whereby Jodi Arias was under prosecution for the murder of Travas Alexander, who was her boyfriend (Flynn, 2013). It was alleged that Jodi butchered her boyfriend following an abusive sexual relationship between them. Oscar Pistorius case, on the other hand, is about the prosecution of Oscar Pistorius, who allegedly shot his ex-wife, Reeva Steenkamp. For the case involving Jodi Arias, self-defense was used while in Pistorius case, two types of defenses were used. These included involuntary action and putative self-defense. Usually, different defenses are used depending on the case in question. For the putative self-defense, Pistorius alleges that he fired the shots with intent to shoot an intruder. According to the accused, he claimed to fire the first shot when he heard steps moving towards the door of the lavatory, assuming that the intruder was coming out. However, according to examination, it was evident that Reeva must have been trying to open the door to the lavatory when she was shot for the first time (Harvey, 2013). On the other hand, Pistorius used the involuntary action defense by stating that he did not have any intention when he fired the shots. In the case of Jodi Arias, she is alleged to have had a childhood that was full of violent abuse from her parents since the age of seven (Holder, 2013). As such, her alleged sexual mistreatment by Alexander was just an addition to her childhood abuse. She had testified that her sexual life with Alexander had turned out to be emotionally as well as physically abusive. She also said that he had slammed her on the floor, as well as taunted her. She also testified to have been kicked by Alexander before she could put her hand out. As she confessed, Jodi Arias killed Alexander in self-defense after their relationship became intolerable. The role of Justification and excuse in the Jodi Arias and Oscar Pistorius cases In both the Jodi Arias and Oscar Pistorius cases, excuse and justification played a significant role in determining the defense, as well as the outcome of the cases. For example, Jodi excused herself that she killed her boyfriend on basis of self-defense. In her justification, she blamed the whole issue on her childhood abuse. On the other hand, Pistorius’ case portrayed the use of justification and excuse in that Pistorius shot her girlfriend on the excuse that he was shooting an intruder in their house. In the real sense, if there had been an intruder in the lavatory, Reeva would not have moved towards that side. The outcome of Jodi Arias Case Following the examination and cross-examination of the murder of Travas Alexander, the jury gave a verdict that Jodi Arias was guilty of first-degree murder (Holder, 2013). Even though there were several disagreements about the type of penalty that would be a
Introduction Social networking sites are online sites through which people build social relations. These sites allow people to share interests, activities, photos, ideas and events within the network. Through these sites, people can interact via e-mail and instant messaging. Some of the most popular social networking sites include Facebook, MySpace and Twitter, among others. A large number of people, especially the youth are members of these sites. Through these social networking sites, it is now possible to quickly pass on information to very many people across the globe. Therefore, people who want to attract a lot of attention to certain issues are finding these sites very useful. Impact of Social Media on Social and Cultural Life Through social media, people are interacting with each other more than they used to. This interaction makes people to get exposed to different social and cultural values and ways of thinking. Social networking has led to interaction of many people all over the world regardless of their nationality or cultures. They are sharing new ideas about different aspects of life. These interactions are impacting on the social and cultural aspects of people’s lives. The exchange of ideas across the globe leads to influencing people to take on those ideas, consequently changing their ways of life. People are adopting new ways of life that were not in existence previously. The posting of a naked photo of Aliaa Magda Elmahdy, an Egyptian blogger, on Twitter has sparked a lot of controversy, especially because the 20-year old girl comes from a Muslim country where women are not supposed to expose their bodies. Aliaa says she posted the photo in protest of the harassment and humiliation that Muslim go through in the hands of men (Fahmy par 2). This action can be seen as a result of culture erosion due to interactions with people from other cultures through the social m
Problem Statement Data is important to manufacturing companies like Marion Enterprise. It is necessary in critical areas of the business such as human resource, production and the organization’s inventory. Data is useless without consistent updates. The research problem is to investigate office ergonomics of the data entry center in this organization. The other issues that will be examined are the establishment of an anthropometric database and possible hazards employees overlook in the data entry center. The study will however major on the first issue. Justification Ergonomics is the science that examines how capable people are taking into account their physical and mental limits in relation to the tools, machines and equipment used in the course of their work. Office ergonomic is a specialty that focuses on the environment of the office worker. There has been an increase in interest by people towards the specialty because of an upsurge in the use of computers and disorders associated with them (Wisha Services Division (WSD), 2002). The specialty is critical since some of the signs associated with poor ergonomics such as fatigue and pain reduces the productivity of workers (CBS, n.d). Treatment of disorders occasioned by poor ergonomics in an office environment is costly in terms of finance and time lost whenever an employee takes leave (Health and Safety Executive (HSE), 2013). The worst part is a reduction in the normal pace of work in a department where an employee is based. For this organization, the entry of data will be slowed which may affect the ability of the organization to get real-time data. Topics for investigation The workstation Data entry operators spend many hours during the working days in their workstation. The workstation will be the first area to be investigated for any ergonomic flaws. It consists of the office furniture such as the chairs, tables and computers that the data entry operators use directly as they carry out their work. All these aspects will be examined (Workers Compensation Board (WCB), (2007). The computers used by the data entry operators Computers are the key equipment used by data entry operators (Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers Inc, 2008). They will be investigated to ascertain how ergonomic they are to their users. In the investigation, computer parts such as mouse, keyboard and the monitor will be assessed on ergonomic adjustability. Anthropometric data The research will also determine the feasibility of establishing a database for anthropometric data. The data will be useful for management when purchasing equipment for the data entry operators after recruitment. Problems related to ergonomics