ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The poems of Wystan Hugh Auden in the 1940s covered religious and ethical subjects in a less impressive way than his previous poems. However, the poems merged traditional types and styles with fresh types that were influenced by the existentialism movement as well as Søren Aabye Kierkegaard and his existentialistic ideas. Many of Auden’s poems in the 1950s as well as in the 1960s concentrated on the manners in which words disclosed and masked sentiments, and he acquired a fastidious attention in opera librettos, a type perfectly associated with direct articulation of strong sentiments. Auden was as well a fruitful author of prose essays in addition to assessments on legendary, political, emotional, and religious topics (Callan 211-213). At different times, Auden worked on poetic plays, documentary movies, and other types of performance. All through his career, Auden was both controversial and dominant. Influenced by existentialism, the 1947 poem called Wrote Monroe K. Spears was a compassionate satire on the efforts of human beings to flee, via their own endeavours, the nervousness of time. Auden hit a chord in the attention of his readers with his opportune handling of the ethical and political matters that directly influenced them. Auden became recognised not merely as a great poet, but as well a Christian humanist (Callan 214-215). This was not due to any scheme amid moralizing modern Christian academicians, but because the era necessitated such a figure. This research paper discusses how existentialism movement and ideas of Kierkegaard influenced the poetry of Auden. Understanding Existentialism Existentialism is the idealistic and edifying movement that admits that the starting position of idealistic thinking should be the practices of a person. Ethical and technical judgments together do not serve to comprehend human existence; therefore, an additional set of groups administered by a standard of authenticity is essential to comprehend human existence. In the perspective of existentialism, authenticity is being accurate to one’s personal individuality, spirit, or nature (Jacobs 26-28). Existentialism started in the 19 th century as a response to opposition of the then-prevailing methodical philosophies like the ones built up by Kant and Hegel. Kierkegaard, usually believed to be the foremost existentialist philosopher, held that a person is exclusively accountable for giving sense to existence and for existing zealously and earnestly (authentically). Existentialism gained popularity in the years subsequent to the Second World War and controlled a variety of fields in addition to the fields of philosophy. Some of these fields included literature, drama, religious studies, psychology, and art. Existentialists normally regard traditional logical or scholarly philosophies, in both approach and
Introduction Negotiation of contracts forms the basis of different individuals performing a particular task together, regardless of their cultural, political, economical, or religious backgrounds. Two or more individuals, countries come together and discuss about how they can work together for the achievement of a common goal, and for the welfare of all of them. Contracts are agreements on something, which may even be documented, mostly involving a task that would be shared for a particular period, hence does not last forever. This paper will investigate into the cultural aspects of Japan as well as the assumptions put across about it. Additionally, it will look closely into the best approaches that I can use to negotiate a contract with an organization based in Japan as well as the most crucial factors that should be considered in such a scenario. Furthermore, it will also provide an overview of the variations that would occur if I was negotiating with people from my own country. Aspects of Japanese culture Japan is known for its unique culture among all other countries in the world. First, its culture is marked by an aspect of homogeneity. This form of set up implies that few foreigners would be found living in the country. Even though they embrace carrying out international businesses, they discourage intermarriages as a way to enhance the homogeneity. This aspect has also contributed to them liking doing business among themselves other than trading with other nations. This aspect leads them to be famous for self-awareness, embracing group work as well as being conformed to their state (Bucknall, 2006). Secondly, they posses a strong nationalism feeling that have penetrated in the business organizations. They have always had the idea that imports are not the best goods for them to purchase or work with for they consider them inferior to what they produce on their own. Thus, they always have confidence with what they have and what they produce, therefore always working hard to produce the best even in their industries. Thirdly, they believe that no human being, group or state should posses more power than the other, regardless of their wealth or status. They therefore discourage antagonism, the reason for them wanting to be separate among other nat
Introduction Zayed Higher Organization for Humanitarian Care and Special Needs (ZHO) is a government organization that caters for needs of orphans and people with special needs. The organization offers humanitarian services to needy people in Abu Dhabi Emirates region. Its objective is to support needy people to aid them to make their contribution to society. Since its inception, the organization has grown into an umbrella organization that heads all humanitarian organizations, orphanages, social services bodies, and institutions linked to humanitarian services in the Emirates. Any organization developed to cater for people with special needs is registered under ZHO. History and establishment ZHO was established in 2009 based on a directive from the late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan. The organization was established under Law No. (2) of 2004. It was founded to cater for needs of orphans and people with special needs in the Emirates. The main objective of its founding was to empower orphans and people with special needs using financial, human, and technological resources to elevate their position and role in society. Vision and mission The organization’s vision is to grow into an organization whose services win the society’s trust and confidence by achieving its objectives in an efficient manner. In addition, the organization envisions fulfilling expectations and needs of orphans and individuals with special needs in order to make them active in society. The mission of ZHO is threefold. First, it aims to provide rehabilitation, educational, and therapeutic services to individuals with special needs. It strives to apply internationally accepted standards in the field of rehabilitation and special care to achieve its objectives. Second, it aims to integrate orphans and people with special needs into the community. Third, it aims to promote the utilization of financial, technological, and human resources to facilitate quality special care to individuals. Contacts The organization’s main office is located behind Carrefour building on Airport Road. Its phone number is + 971 2 698 5555, while its fax number is + 971 2 441 8099. Offices hours run from Sunday to Thursday from 7.30 am until 3.30 pm. Public service hours run from Sunday to Thursday same time as office hours. Their address is 35444. Services Services offered by ZHO include health, sports clubs, blind printing servi
Introduction Late adulthood is the last stage of an individual’s developmental process. Late adulthood is a developmental stage between 55 or 65 years to death. It is an integrity verses despair stage. A number of individuals, who live up to late adulthood are usually contented and happy because of their achievements and contributions to life. The basic strength at late adulthood is wisdom gained through an individual’s experiences. However, some people experience a sense of despair in late adulthood. This sense of despair can be attributed to apparent failures or unaccomplished projects. As a result, a number of people experiencing despair in late adulthood often fear death as they are still trying to find their purpose in life. This paper examines ageism and the stereotypes associated with late adulthood; how individuals can promote health and wellness in late adulthood; the importance of relationships and social interactions; and personal attitudes towards death in late adulthood. Ageism and Stereotypes Associated with Late Adulthood Ageism is a term that was created by Butler Robert in 1969. The term ageism refers to a form of prejudice against old people. Ageism has always been associated with negative thoughts about the ageing process. On the other hand, a stereotype refers to “a fixed or over generalized belief about a particular group or class of people”. A stereotype can be either positive or negative. However, most stereotypes are usually negative, thereby causing discriminative attitudes. Late adulthood has been associated with a number of stereotypes, most of which are cruel and untrue. Some of the stereotypes associated with late adulthood include the following. First, old people are perceived as weak and frail. Most movies, magazines, and books emphasize physical beauty and portray it as what determines a person’s self worth and dignity. Therefore, the younger a person is the higher his or her self worth. As a result, most young people fear growing old and a majority have embraced the use of modern personal care products, or cosmetics to enable them maintain a youthful look. However, most of these products have hazardous side effects. Therefore, the society’s emphasis on young people has led to a negative perception about the elderly. This stereotype has also affected how the elderly view themselves. Second, older people are stereotyped
Introduction As change is commonly believed to be a constant factor in our every day lives, we expect to see it happen in all of the aspects of our daily endeavors. Criminal justice is a very important area of concern for security to lives and property. A comfortable conjecture will be to say that the need for our safety should be a drive for our struggle for justice. From the police, to the court, to the correctional facility, we expect the criminal justice system to find a satisfactory balance between need for safety and justice so that people can be free to pursue personal interests while remaining safe and secure. Implementation of current technology devices In America today, computers in police stations and law enforcement agencies are used for data collection, information retrieval and as a trends establishment tool. Increasingly sophisticated intelligence databases will likely be used not only by the police department, but by also the general public (Ritter, 2006). Developments in surveillance, biometrics, analysis of DNA, and radio frequency identification microchips will definitely enhance crime prevention and solving. Even advancement in computer science and technology will surely be an added advantage as trends and statistic values could be used to determine probability of occurrence of a crime. I believe this will help in anticipation of criminal activities so that prevention may occur in a timely manner. Social Networking should not also be left out. Nowadays, it is almost common knowledge that lots of individuals and organizations use social networking sites for information and communication. A comfortable conjecture towards development in the criminal justice field will be the use of these social networking sites as an interaction tool with the communities served, for sharing critical information and collecting tips (Walker, 1992). Reasons for delay in justice Almost anyone will agree that there are human right complications and compromises in law courts due to incomplete information on some cases and wrong judgments are often pronounced as a result. Perhaps an expectation in the future will be to have a periodic review of cases for in-mates and a swift conviction overturning process on cases that have been wrongly judged so that individuals not guilty of a crime may be exonerated and our correctional facilities decongested. Another problem is usually with communication mostly for people with cross-national cultures and or foreign orientation and backgrounds. The recognition of more languages and the use of human interpreters has been the conventional means to tackle matters of communication but I believe that over the next fifty years, technology will be better developed and voice recognition and speech making software programs will have so many cultural and historic databases embedded in them for a clearer interpretation and pronouncement to act as a perfect or rather better substitute to the use of human interpreters and errors in communication may be minimized further. Disadvantages of Implementation of current techn
John Van Maanen is one of the authors of the organization theory, which he applied to ethnography. The book, which is the subject of this essay, namely “Tales of the field: On writing ethnography” is one of the most famous ones in the field of ethnography. In this work Van Maanen made a classification of ethnographic tales. But his classification can be applied also to other sciences, especially humanitarian and social ones, because his conclusions are universal. He distinguishes three groups of works: Realist, Confessional, and Impressionist tales. The criterion for the classification is the following: whether the above-mentioned tendencies present the clear truth or do they distort it by their own subjective perception. Van Maanen believes the realist ethnography to be the core of sociology and anthropology. He sees the realist author as invisible and all-mighty one, who replaces his subjective “I” by the God’s eye. Van Maanen’s view of the realists can be drawn from this abstract: Realist tales are not multi-vocal texts where an event is given meaning first one way, then another, and then still another. Rather a realist tale offers one reading and culls its facts carefully to support that reading. Little can be discovered in such texts that has not been put there by the fieldworker as a way of supporting a particular interpretation.” Realists usually pretend to be objective and follow the concrete way and order in their research or reflection, trying to be fully committed to science. Confessional tales pretend to be honest. The author of a confessional tale reflects his own ideas and strives for better knowledge, for the very truth, and the reader follows this path alongside with him. Together they gradually overcome their ignorance. They learn the truth together. Impressionists do not concentrate on objectiveness, unlike realists. They try to show the world in a way that they themselves see it. They often structure their works as a sequence of recollections, and the reader can understand the author’s ideas only through understanding of his feelings. “The idea is to draw an audience into an unfamiliar story world and allow it, as far as possible, to see, hear, and feel as the fieldworker saw, heard, and felt.” Such position often leads to contradictions and confusions, as every fieldworker has his own point of view. Thus, we may conclude, that John Van Maanen described not only the types of research works, but also the types of researchers’ mindset. We see, that the results of any research, its formulation depend on the personal qualities of a fieldworker. If we try to look on this work in a broader way, we may classify all people into three groups, pointed by Van Maanen. It is hard to say which one of the types is more credible or stands nearer to the truth. This is a question of philosophy more than of ethnography or any other science. Every point of view has a right for life. Only providing the combination and thoughtful revision of the results of every fieldworker the success of science is possible. And a reader, if he wants to gain the full understanding of any subject, has to
The advantages of proper discharge education for patients in the emergency room:   * Efficient discharge education minimizes the rates of return of the patients to the emergency room due to the same reason. Discharge education contains the instructions patients require to be able to provide their own care outside of the hospital. Appropriate discharge instructions help to cut readmissions of the patients. The guidance given through discharge education secures the patients’ better understanding of their health condition and adjustments they need to make to improve their quality of life.   * Efficient discharge education minimizes the risk of mistakes a patient may make during self-care and secures faster and easier recovery. Improperly educated patients are under a risk of misinterpreting their doctor’s instructions, taking the medication wrongly or making errors during self-care procedures. Good discharge education informs the patients about the medication and procedures they were prescribed to treat their condition. As a result, properly informed patients are better at following the doctor’s instructions and have better chances for quick recovery.   * Discharge education may include appropriate training of a patient concerning the measures they need to take to secure their wellbeing. If a discharged patient is prescribed to monitor their blood glucose or their blood pressure, but they do not know how to use a tonometer or glucometer, they are likely to have problems following the doctor’s instructions. This is why discharge education is to provide clear instructions and demonstrations as to the application of the necessary equipment. Discharge education can be individualized to each particular patients and adjusted for their needs. Due to the diversity of patients’ backgrounds, the education should be adjusted to a number of different languages to ensure proper comprehension of the information.
Introduction Currently, I am pursuing a nursing master’s degree intending to become a qualified nurse educator. As a certified specialist in education, I will not only be skilled in healing arts but also involved in raising the next generations of nurses. There are numerous theories to guide nursing practice. Still, in the current essay, I discuss the role of the culture care theory developed by Madeleine Leininger in the middle of the 20th century and explain how this theory guides my practice. Framework for Specialized Practice The founder of the culture care theory, American nurse Madeleine Leininger (1996), emphasizes that care should not be understood in purely medical terms and should include a cultural component as well. In other words, a nurse should be culturally conscious and adjust care to the culture of a patient. As Leininger (1996) puts it, nursing care can only be beneficial when “the individual, group, family, community, or culture care values, expression, or pattern are known and used appropriately and in meaningful ways by the nurse” (p. 74). Besides, culture is important because it could help to predict the behavior of a person and his or her reaction to diagnosis and treatment. The culture care theory is essential for my specialized practice because it explains what I should teach students and fellow nurses when I become a certified educator. Generally, students who are studying to become nurses are taught how to save patients lives, and the cultural aspect of this help is commonly ignored. However, according to the theory proposed by Madeleine Leininger, the effectiveness of medical help depends on the efficiency of dialogue and understanding between nurses and their patients. Perspect
Hurricane Katrina became one of the most influential and damaging natural disasters in the United States. The hurricane destroyed New Orleans causing deaths of more than 1,800 people (Moynihan, 2009). In addition to the damage caused by Hurricane Katrina, researchers also refer to problems and crises associated with ineffective disaster and recovery management (Berke, Cooper, Aminto, Grabich, & Horney, 2014). Hurricane Katrina was a complex natural disaster that caused the destruction of numerous facilities and industries, and more efficient steps related to recovery planning were required to guarantee public safety. According to Moynihan (2009), several issues can be identified with reference to the disaster in order to ensure the improvement of the approach to recovery planning after Hurricane Katrina. These issues and deficits in planning strategies are the following ones: the absence of response to early warnings, ineffective distribution of responsibilities, and ineffective collaboration (Moynihan, 2009). The purpose of this case study analysis is to discuss organizational functions that need to be involved in procedures associated with disaster recovery planning in the context of Hurricane Katrina’s effects on New Orleans and analyze the role of these organizational functions in preventing disasters and addressing incidents with reference to the case. Organizational Functions in Disaster Recovery Planning The response to such complex disasters as Hurricane Katrina usually involves several stakeholders at different levels, including federal, state, and local governments and organizations or private companies that realize their disaster and recovery management procedures at a local level (Erbschloe, 2003). From this perspective, organizational functions to be involved in disaster recovery planning should be discussed at the level of collaboration between governments and agencies and at the level of organizations that became victims of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. At the level of agencies responsible for addressing disasters in the United States, the executive and coordinating function was performed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). The function of addressing the effects of Hurricane Katrina in terms of providing assistance in evacuation, medical services, shelter, food, care, counseling, and other services was performed by a range of stakeholders, including professionals from local, state, and government agencies and volunteers (Moynihan, 2009). Still, the function of managing human resources was performed by several actors who lacked interaction, and this aspect negatively influenced activities of the network. The security function was performed at the governmental level through conducting rescue operations and restoring power and communication. At the lower level, each organization in New Orleans was expected to involve the following functions in disaster recovery planning: the executive and coordinating function, the facilities management function performed by managers responsible for their units, the h