ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Dogs are some of the most common pets in American homes. They are not only seen as pets but also as forms of security in some of the homes. However, there are cases where a dog may become dangerous. Johnson (2014) defines a dangerous dog as one whose actions may subject the public or other pets to harm. Some dogs can attack and maim or even kill other people, especially large dogs such as the German shepherd. These dogs may limit the freedom of the public as they may fear going to places where there might be a possibility of being attacked. It is for these reasons that the state government finds it necessary to come up with policies that help in guiding how people should manage dangerous and vicious dogs. Owners of these dogs must understand that they are responsible for the action of their dogs. They must know that freedom of movement of the public should not be limited by the dogs. They should also know that the public expects them to be responsible in restraining their dogs within confined areas. In Illinois, there are policies that define what is expected of the owners of such dogs. However, it is important to note that the existing laws and regulations do not adequately protect the public from dangerous and vicious dogs. In this paper, the researcher will look at the existing policies put in place by the state government of Illinois to guide the ownership and management of dangerous and vicious dogs and provide evidence-based suggestions of what can be done to address the existing weaknesses. Key Points and Analysis of Key Points In this paper, it is important to point out the key points which define the basis of the research project. The main point in this paper is to determine how to eliminate or significantly reduce dog attacks in the small village of Lincolnwood in Cook County. To achieve this primary objective, a number of key issues need to be addressed. First, the county needs to redefine dog classification policies and rules regarding keeping of vicious and dangerous dogs. The state of Illinois already has laws and regulations regarding keeping of dogs and their classification (Philips, 2016). However, it is necessary to re-evaluate these policies to help come up with ways of protecting the public. The second point is to find ways of implementing the set policies. Coming up with good policies is one thing, and implementing them is another. It is not enough to enact policies. The relevant authorities at the state and local government levels should ensure that these policies are effectively implemented. Policy Priority Issue Illinois, just like other states in the country, have laws and regulations that define dog ownership and the responsibilities of the owners of dogs. The state allows families to own dogs as long as they have the capacity to take care of them and restrain them so that they do not cause any form of distrac
Three Outstanding Articles Article One Cox, J., Banez, L., Hawley, L., & Mostade, J. (2003). Use of the Reflecting Team Process in the Training of Group Workers. The Journal of Specialists in Group Work, 28 (2), 89-105. Reason for Selecting the Article This article was selected because it offers powerful incentives for engaging different group workers. Group members should be trained to achieve targeted goals. The article is appropriate for leaders who want to promote diversity and ensure their teams realize their potentials. The concepts presented in the article can also be replicated in many groups to produce the best results (Cox, Banez, Hawley, & Mostade, 2003). Leaders can benefit the most from the concepts and strategies presented by the authors (Chen & Han, 2001). The ideas will make it possible for many leaders to form successful groups. Article Summary The authors begin by supporting the importance of the experiential instructional method. This method allows group trainees to engage in various group activities. Leaders should “use the reflecting team process to promote the concept of experiential instruction” (Cox et al., 2003, p. 92). The strategy provides group members with the best experiences. They also find it easier to engage in specific activities and experiences. Leaders should also embrace these experiential methods to guide, encourage, empower, and support the needs of their trainees. Reflection is also necessary because it encourages leaders to promote new strategies that can produce the best group outcomes. Article Two Schimmel, C., & Jacobs, E. (2012). When Leaders are Challenged: Dealing with Involuntary Members in Groups. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 36(1), 144-158. Reason for Selecting the Article This article offers critical ideas towards promoting the performance of unpromising groups. This article was selected because it predicts the uncertainties associated with different groups. Some group members might become uncooperative and eventually affect the targeted results (Anderson, 2008). The article can equip leaders with appropriate strategies, skills, and competencies for dealing with various organizational challenges (Schimmel & Jacobs, 2012). Leaders can use the ideas to achieve their organizational goals. The article can also support the changing needs of different followers. Article Summary Leaders should be ready to address various problems whenever leading different groups. Groups characterized by negative and involuntary members will encounter numerous difficulties. Leaders should support their followers’ needs to produce the best outcomes.
Influence of Diversity on Psychology’s Major Concepts Human beings are very diverse. They have very many differences, especially in terms of race, ethnicity, culture, and language. They also differ in terms of cognitive skills, psychomotor abilities, and behavior. Therefore, psychology must cover a diverse scope of knowledge to help in the understanding of human behavior and mental processes. Educational psychology, for example, recognizes that human beings have different learning capabilities, and others have weaknesses that prevent them from taking in content at the same rate as other learners. This field proposes ways of dealing with such difficulties in learning (Feldman, 2010). Personality psychology, on the other hand, recognizes individual differences among human beings. It attempts to explain the cause of moods, attitudes, and emotions. Developmental Psychology acknowledges the impacts of the social, genetic, and cultural environment on the development of individuals. Developmental psychologists propose various ways of ensuring the proper development of human beings (Feldman, 2010). Examples of Sub-disciplines and Subtopics within Psychology The subfields of psychology include motivation, cognition, and behaviorism. Motivation includes subtopics such as the theory of emotions and the approach and avoidance theory. Cognition handles topics such as cognitive dissonance and false memories, while behaviorism deals with topics that include aggression, cheating, and binge drinking. Application of the Sub-disciplines of Psychology in Society The emotions theory enhances the understanding of the nature and cause of emotions in society. Therefore, it can help diagnose and treat members of society who face emotional problems (Feldman, 2010). The approach and avoidance theory, on the other hand, can help members of society to analyze both the positive and negative elements of something before taking or using it. Cognitive dissonance helps members of society deal with information that is inconsistent with their background knowledge. This phenomenon can help individuals respond appropriately to stressors. The phenomenon of false memories, on the other hand, is very crucial in the courts. Judges with this knowledge can easily detect false testimonies of ancient memories. Knowledge of the causes and types of aggression is very crucial in handling violent members of society. People who understand why certain people become aggressive can help them realize that is useless to be ag
Executive Summary The Coca-Cola Company is the largest carbonated soft drink company that has its drinks sold in restaurants, supermarkets, vending machines in approximately over 195 nations (Bell 2004,p.1-22). Every aspect of the organizations business should thus be carefully planned and executed so that when specific activities are carried out within various functional areas they are done so with a high degree of accuracy in accordance with the overall organizational strategy and this can only be realized when overall organizational strategies are supported by the most appropriate operational strategies (Mahadevan 2005, p.122). This is the reason why business managers and operational management experts ensure that organizations design all business process including their products and services so that the organization can be able to have a high degree of control of the various services and product which are being delivered to the customers. Introduction Operations management is a very important component of today’s business environment because it makes sure that there is up to standard management of an organizations entire resources that are committed to the creation and delivery of products and services to customers (Mahadevan 2005, p.42). The anticipated success or failure of organizational strategies emanating from the highest to the lowest levels of strategy often depends on how well business managers are able to initiate operation management strategies, which act as incremental actions which will actually see the overall organization strategy come to succeed. Leading multinational organizations such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Nestle have their operations spread throughout the globe and it is thus necessary that these organizations be to operate in such a way that will allow the company to be highly efficient. Multinational organizations such as these usually consist of numerous departments/function areas which serve as semi-independent units which absorb various inputs and come up with outputs which are vital to the day to day operations and overall business mission of the organization and hence this is why every action and operation of such companies are usually planned and mapped to follow a particular path (Ronen & Pass 2007, p 88-94). It is important to know that the overall functioning of the organization depends on how well these functional areas/sub-systems are able to integrate their activities and therefore operate with synergy. Normally in the ordin
The Definition of Pattern A pattern is the main idea in art and maybe in the whole world. The pattern means that some parts or parts of work are repeated to cover a piece of a surface of the whole surface. Most artists make their patterns clear, and some patterns can serve as a master’s individual signature. To make a pattern, they play with color, texture, and contours (“Pattern” par. 1-2). Through pattern, artists make their work symmetric and harmonious (Baer 3). General History of Islamic Art Patterns Each person has his or her own views on Islamic Art. Seeing art or producing art, faithful Muslims can express their trust in the established truths of Islam and celebrate it. Non-Muslims can discover mysterious riddles in fascinating decorum laid on things we use every day. Tourists marvel at forms and colors. Art historians, critics, and experts studying the matter seek to grasp the patterns’ meanings and the philosophy of the artists. Islamic Art as we know it began in the VII century and continued up to the middle-XX century. It was produced by both Muslims and non-Muslims who lived in the lands belonging to the people of Islam culture. People producing various art items were, for example, architects, sculptors, calligraphers, potters, etc. Throughout history, Islamic Art was influenced by many other ancient cultures, such as Egyptian, Persian, Byzantine, and even Indian and Chinese. However, Islamic Art would not be the way we know it without Arabic influence. This component is the most important. It gave Art its language. It filled the Art with the holy spirit of the Koran. It taught the Art how to write calligraphically. Calligraphy is a special component of Islamic Art that makes it recognizable. Mathematics and other exact sciences interested the Arab people greatly. They took the basic mathematic principles from Romans and later developed them into a big field of study. They used the rules of geometry creating famous repeated patterns that mark the Art and its features (Bloom and Blair 373-375). Types of Art Patterns and their Symbolic Meaning First and foremost, the principle of infinity is an important part of Art. It means that all little elements are repeated many times to cover the surface. The origin of such a pattern is the idea that God is infinite, and man is frail and will not last long. The infinite pattern can be traced through the history of Art. It can be abstract or literal. Every other pattern can be turned into infinity, for example, medallions, squares, stars, etc. (Baer 10-42). Most fully this principle can
Acceptable Use Policy is (UAP) is a written document based on agreement between or among the users of computer in a community for a common good. They also have to promise that they will not violate those rules. This document stipulates on the use including the malpractices or unacceptable uses and the consequences for non-compliance. UAP is mostly used when one is registering intranet. The users may include internet providers in universities, schools, businesses or corporations. However, web owners use this policy to restrict the use of their network. The owners are the website providers, network managers or large computer systems. Owners have the authority to change the policies regarding the use of the internet or intranet (Jahankhani, Ali & Feng Hsu, 2009). Acceptable Use Policy covers the provisions for network etiquette, which is the limitation to the users of network and a clear and precise extents of privacy of members. Acceptable User Policies contains examples that show the importance of the policy in real-world situations. Additionally, it is commonly known to organizations that offer network services like schools or companies. The policy is mainly used in protection of young people that are majorly vunerable to inappropriate language usage, pornography and pornographic content, and other adult contents. Under large bussiness organizations, the horizon widens to allow incorporation of issues tha will assist in protecting the operations of the organization. The integral part of AUP is the set of conventional principles that the users need to exhibit as they enjoy the internet or intranet. Code of conduct stipulates the extent to which users use network, the language tused when they are online especially on social sites and avoid illegal activities that the organisations doesn’t allow. The company or the organisation offering internet have the consequences on the violation of AUP. This may include warnings being verbal or on a written document, suspension or termination of a member or a legal action. Security Audit is a systematic and technical way of assesing the operating system of a computer and how security policies are employed in one or more sites that users intend to visit..Security Audit in a computer makes the user of a computer to be aware of the prevailing risks that the computer might bear. It measures the risk and influences the users to reduce the risk (Bidgoli, p, 30). My computer has a pre-installed Windows 7 Starter as its operating system, and it is the only in use. Other soft wares are Microsoft Word 2007, and it is quite stable compared with other windows. Kaspersky Pure 3.0 is the antivirus that my computer is using. It protects the system from malicious viruses that are potential of crushing the system. It is enabled and active. It carries out a full scan on the computer whenever am starting it. During my early stages of installation, some malicious viruses were found but pr
Can a Corporation Have a Conscience? The Socratic Method used by Martin Parker and Gordon Pearson, does not construct any conclusive position about capitalism. According to two scholars, businesses and corporations cannot have a conscience. Capitalism has the potential to produce much disgruntlement in every society. The article explains why citizens will never feed on idealism . This explains why the government should use appropriate adjustments and regulations to regulate these corporations. These regulations can safeguard the rights of every individual in society. This practice is compulsory because capitalism cannot have a conscience. This approach will reduce the inequity associated with capitalism and wealth distribution. This debate explains why many societies can accept capitalism. Can a corporation be a good citizen of capitalism? Martin explains why human beings should have a world dominated by small artisanship. According to the scholar, every society can establish new organizations that require minimal capital to operate. These corporations will address the interests and expectations of every citizen. Gordon disproves this utopian notion because it might result in inequality. The article explains how corporations can become good citizens under capitalism. The important thing is to understand how capitalism works. This knowledge will help theorists establish the best relationship between corporations and human beings. Governments and societies can use lega
Canada can be used as an example of a country that is not dominated by a single language. Although English remains the most used language of this nation, some French-speaking population lives in most provinces of Canada. Thus, the government has the responsibility of including these languages in projects and making sure that they are represented. However, the complexity of this issue lies in several other factors. The indigenous population of Canada also has languages that can be considered inherent in this territory. While earlier acts and laws from the Canadian government ignored the value of indigenous traditions, recent advancements of the government officials show that they are willing to create a multilingual nation, where all cultures can feel represented. Moreover, the growing presence of immigrants and their various languages also shapes the policy-related decisions of the Canadian government. Thus, Canada continues to move away from its bilingual and bicultural environment towards a more inclusive approach. Linguistic connections become more and more important to people as globalization influences the world. Therefore, future policies may give languages other than English more rights and people will be able to use this opportunity to either preserve or regain their cultural knowledge. Language Reclamation Language plays a significant role in one’s connection to his or her heritage. Thus, the process of reclamation can be viewed as a part of learning or preserving a fading culture. However, this process is somewhat complicated, especially in the modern world, which is characterized by change and unification. Most cultures that are not represented by significant numbers of people or some type of contemporary advancement suffer from possible extinction. Their languages, while not the only part of their culture, are often considered to be the most representative as they harbor many details and traditions of these peoples. The complexity of language reclamation is also corroborated by the fact that the spoken and written word can be hard to preserve. One can think about several ways of language reclamation. Most importantly, teaching the language in official settings may not be the best way of preservation as it offers no insight and does not create any cultural connections. On the other hand, various tradition-driven events and media pieces can help people relate to the language and encourage them to use it in their daily lives. Arguably, every-day use of a language in-home and group settings is the best way to teach it to both children and adults as it allows them to create memories and connect to the language on an emotional level. Language Revitalization Preserving the language can prove to be extremely hard. The process of revitalizing one can be even more difficult. The desire to recreate a language in contemporary settings brings up many issues. Reintroducing it
Wangechi Mutu employs Print Media as an agglomerated means of communicating conceptually and physically to bring out a layered and intense depth and message to her artistic work. She uses images and papers cut from fashioned and modernized magazines about African art, and National Geographic combines such pieces to make her work more perfect and elegant. Sampling from a broad population, Mutu would end with a masterpiece that would pass on the intended message and do it with a touch of authentic art, uniqueness, and class (Artists | Art21, n.d.). Born in Nairobi, Mutu began her art journey by combining ink with cutouts from magazines and documentaries, thus, at this moment Mutu combines different materials and techniques to depict the complexity of life. Mutu has created a video fusion; the fusion also creates a uniqueness that accompanies her works. Her portraits are mostly cutouts, and her videos are controversial and influential (Hernandez, 2017). Most artists mostly use their paintings to communicate to their audience, limiting the number of people that the message reaches and creating a fixated conception about the work by the artist. However, Mutu has incorporated a mechanism that makes her works stand out in the world of art and has also broadened the audience by attracting more people to the world of art. Mutu has also gone ahead and addressed the issue of how the female bodies are perceived, especially the black female bodies, making elegant female bodies from the mixture of cutouts from all sorts of sources, informing the public about the female bodies, and also empowering black women to feel confident in their color. One of her notable works is Nguva na nyoka. The name comes from Swahili words meaning “sirens and serpents.” Mutu creates a piece accompanied by a video that depicts a hybridized figure of a woman with a controversial mixture of materials such as Kenyan soil, tea, synthetic hair, and sand, all of which supposedly have their cultural significance. The video accompanying the piece shows an aquatic character who emerges from the sea and wanders around restlessly and viciously. Another piece from her works is the End of eating everything. The End of Eating Everything is an animation video 8 minutes long that conveys a strong message to the world in general. The ani
William Shakespeare’s play As You Like It can be regarded as a pastoral and romantic comedy that includes many twists of the plot depicting the relations between various characters. Nevertheless, there is a common theme that is of great importance to the playwright. In particular, this literary work throws light on the way in which love can transform the experiences of an individual (Inge). Moreover, the author challenges the conventions for the description of lovers, their motives, and behavior. Overall, Shakespeare shows that love can take a great number of forms, and this sensation can make the life of a person more fulfilling and joyful; more importantly, it does not have to be associated only with emotional suffering; this is the idea that many poets and playwrights before Shakespeare focused on. This is the main message that the writer tries to convey to the audience. One should keep in mind that the characters depicted by the author live in some French duchy, and one can see that these people can be affected by the courtly life and conflicts caused by power struggles. Nevertheless, this play is set in the fictional Forest of Arden. Overall, this forest is a place where characters can renew themselves. Moreover, they can discover their bette