ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The title of the article is clear and entirely agrees with the purpose statement, which is of high relevance at the moment. The issue is researched in a segmented community; however, it is relevant to all people of this profession. The conclusion can be easily connected to the title, therefore, is similar to the title. The full abstract of the paper has 232 words, which is a concise and acceptable word count, including purpose, methods of research, and a conclusion. When talking about the authors, there is no indication of each writer’s degree; though, it mentions that they all are from the Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry. Next objective is the introduction, in which the authors start with the problem statement and its relevance. Moreover, they included the definition of the disease, providing enough information for the reader. Introduction fully elaborated on why it is vital to increase social awareness about covid-19, which is an important point to show the article’s purpose. However, the most crucial part of explaining its relevance to dental professionals could be more extensive, in my opinion. The study aimed to determine how aware the dental students at King Saud University are regarding their high exposure to the coronavirus. Moving to the materials and methods, the study included approximately 400 participants, all undergraduate and postgraduate dental students and interns of the researched university, which were specifically selected. The researchers used a cross-sectional survey for the study. The mentioned power of the sample was 0.85. The survey fill-put lasted for three weeks, from March 10 to April 1, and was conducted full online by e-mailing the forms and placing them on social media. The tool used for the study is a modified questionnaire based on the survey by
Introduction Chasmosaurus was one of the many prehistoric reptiles that roamed the plains of North America during the late Cretaceous period, about 76 to 70 million years ago. It was one of the last big dinosaurs to have evolved before the extinction of these magnificent creatures. What is interesting to note about this particular species is that it was one of the most broadly distributed species of the Mesozoic Era. Most of the dinosaurs that were found during its time, or in other words, most of the contemporaries of this huge animal were not plant-eaters. This particular creature was known to feed extensively on plants. This is strange because this creature had a very strong beak and teeth as well. To look at, the Chasmosaurus looked like the present-day rhinoceros with wings; an animal that moves around in the same way, foraging on the plants and shrubs around it. Just like the rhinoceros, this animal could charge at an enemy presenting a very formidable and fearsome appearance as it did so (adapted from Carr, 1963; Ferguson, 1984; Halliday and Adler, 1986; Dodson, 1996). Most of the fossils of this huge pre-historic animal point to the fact that they roamed around in what is present-day North America and Canada (Godfrey and Holmes, 1995; Holmes et al., 2001; Diem and Archibald, 2005; Sankey, 2005). The fossils have been found mainly in th
When God created this world, he sent Adam on this Earth and to take away his Loneliness, he sent Eve to give him happiness and care, the one to talk and to share feelings with which we name as “Love”. Love is a feeling which has yet not been discovered how it was shaped. It is experienced by all in life at least one time or more. It has been associated with the living beings from the beginning the world was created. Love can be described in different ways for different relations and person and is interpreted differently by many people. It can be with a person, animal or a non-living as well. Love for a person is different from that with being in love with your pet or your very old pen, your personal dairy etc. It is a feeling of being possessive and caring towards that person or thing you love and want to have it in your life forever. Let us take an example of having the feeling of Love with a person, for instance when we meet someone and spend some time. After few meetings if we find that person compatible to us and we like to talk to this person, we miss the presence of this person in parties or when we go out with our friends, we want to know more about them and develop an emotional connection in between. We want to know their likes and dislike, hobbies, their thought about being you around them and much more. When we are with this person we like to be completely involved in their thoughts and words and we are inquisitive to know what this person is feeling about us at that point. A few more meetings with a healthy conversation urge your heart to develop a feeling of care, happiness and possessiveness towards this person which we name as “LOVE”. Now the question arise that why we have this feeling and why we like this person so much. How this embryo of Love begins and flows softly into each others heart. We then discuss this with each other and seek for an answer. We share views and concepts to satisfy that the feeling is really there and true. Once we are fully convinced that this person also have the same feeling for us we then want to disclose the reality and break the ice. We have read and heard many Love Stories and have been also influenced by them. Love is that precious gift that one can ever have in life. Being in Love creates not only a feeling of care and possessiveness but it also evokes a feeling of humanity towards the society. True love gives strength to a person in all walks of life. Just a glimpse steals our heart and seems to communicate silently just like falling leaves and you develop a feeling of care and pain even if this person is stable but we cry for him and remains attracted forever then this is true love. Love can be found in any culture and religion is boundless to any region. It is a feeling of tender, affection, commitment, attachment and joy. Love can be expressed for many things like for example Love for nature, love for fame and power, love for soul, love for money etcetera. But the most beautiful face of lo
One of the many challenges that the Middle East is facing is the media’s coverage of political events. The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) is one of the leading media houses in the Pacific and Asia regions. With its origins in Iran, IRIB succeeded the National Iranian Radio and Television in 1979 after the Islamic Revolution. The extent to which the Islamic Republic of Iran exercises “unrivalled” media coverage is manifested by the creation of a monopoly by the IRIB. The media player has set its branches in at least 45 countries thus reaching millions of people globally. Besides the IRIB, two of the most present media outlets in the region are Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya, which have seen a growing rivalry owing to the favorable media atmospheres in Qatar and Saudi Arabia respectively (Chouliaraki and Blaagaard 77). Both of them are among the most commonly followed media outlets, not only in the Middle East but also on a worldwide scale. The two media corporations have received appraisal and criticism over their coverage of political events in the region. However, their weaknesses cannot be matched with that of the Iranian fourth estate residents led by the IRIB. Therefore, this paper will show how Iranian media is a nemesis in the Middle East’s fourth estate sector concerning political developments. The Iranian government controls the operations of the IRIB implying that it influences its coverage of the Middle Eastern events. Notably, Article 145 of the Iranian Constitution underlines that the Supreme Leader has the authority to appoint or dismiss the head of a given radio or media house in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Islamic Consultative Assembly in Iran oversees the appointment or dismissal of media house heads in the presence of two presidential representatives and the judiciary chief (Chouliaraki and Blaagaard 60). In this respect, the legal framework governing the processes of the media is considerably influenced by the political interests, and thus reporting may involve biased reporting of news. In this regard, the Iranian media is authoritarian regulated. On the other hand, the Al Jazeera began reporting in 1996 after receiving a generous grant from Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa, Emir of Qatar. This aspect meant that the Qatari government had an influential role in the reporting. Likewise, Al Arabiya was a response to the creation of Al Jazeera, funded by the Saudi Royal family (Chouliaraki and Blaagaard 86). This aspect allowed them to counterattack Al Jazeera for the attack against the Royals. However, over the years, these two governments have continued to reinforce the reporting indepen
COMPSTAT According to the Philadelphia Police Department (PPD), COMPSTAT is a crime analysis and police management process developed by the New York City Police Department with the essence that COMPSTAT collects, analyze and map crime data and other essential police performance measures on a regular basis and hold police managers accountable for their performance as measured by these data (PPD, 2007). The Philosophy behind COMPSTAT is considered simple based on four principles that have proven to be essential ingredients of an effective crime-fighting strategy; namely:   * Accurate and Timely Intelligence needed in effective crime-fighting requires. It is necessary that officers at all levels of the police department understand when – time of day, day of the week, week of the year – various types of crimes have been committed as well as who, how, where, and by whom they have been committed (PPD, 2007).   * Effective Tactics is implemented after collated, analyzed and mapped this crime intelligence. The department’s commanders must develop effective tactics for dealing with the problems it reveals. These
Introduction Although it is difficult to define the business cycle in one statement, it has one defining characteristic. Belongia (1992, pp. 43), describes the business cycle as ‘characterized by a decline and contraction and a subsequent rise and expansion of aggregate economic activity.’ Economic activity is measured by total employment, output, real income and real expenditures (Belongia & Garfinkel, 1992). Although the economic cycle is not a steady phenomenon, it tends to exhibit a steady pattern. First, there is an expansion/incline of above-average growth, followed by a peak, then a contraction/decline of below average growth and finally a trough/low point. This is illustrated by figure 1 in the appendix which illustrates the dynamic state of the economic cycle. Characteristics of the Business Cycle As aforementioned, the main characteristic of the business cycle is the incline and decline of economic growth. The cycle is affected by total employment, output, real income and real expenditures. Although defined as a cycle, drastic changes in economic situations are unpredictable and they never pursue a perfunctory pattern. Primarily, the growth of an economy is measured using real GDP. According to economists, Gross Domestic Product is the measure of value of all goods and services produced within a nation in a given time (Mankiw, 2009). The business cycle basically represents an incline or decline of real GDP. When there is an incline/expansion along the business cycle, it means there is positive growth of real GDP. On the other hand, during a decline in the business cycle, there is a contraction in a country’s real GDP. Inflation can be defined in general terms as the rise of prices of goods within an economy. When prices of products increase, it indicates that one unit of currency purchases less. In addition, inflation also drives up the cost of production in the country. When cost of production goes up, productivity and nominal GDP go down. If the inflation rate continues to rise over an extended period, real GDP declines. This will be represented in the business cycle by a decline or a trough. Unemployment is defined as a scenario where people who have vigorously searched for jobs for a period exceeding a month are still devoid o
Major Depressive Disorder Major Depressive Disorder is a major global public health issue. It affects approximately 6.7% of the U.S. adult population (ADAA, 2021). Although it can develop at any age, the median age at onset is 32.5 years (ADAA, 2021). It is more common in women than men. Treatment of MDD to full recovery remains challenging. – <50% remission rate for any drug. Guidelines for the Diagnosis of MDD These are regarded as the primary signs and symptoms of MDD: Psychopharmacology of MDD When selecting a specific type of drug protocol, consider:   * Clinical features and dimensions;   * Response and side effects of previous use of antidepressants;   * Patient preference;   * Comparative drug efficacy and safety;   * Potential interactions with other medications. Antidepressants are regarded to have a low potential for abuse (Schifano & Chiappini, 2018). Bupropion It is classified as a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI). Mechanism of action – Inhibits the reuptake of both noradrenaline and dopamine. It is used in the treatment of MDD, seasonal affective disorder, and nicotine addiction. It is often used “off label” for attention deficit/hyperactivity d
In the business world that is characterized by cutthroat competition, businesses do whatever is in their capacity to gain a competitive advantage. One of the common desires for any business is to dominate an industry or a region by being the first to enter into the specific business area. As a business concept, first-mover advantage is a highly preferred concept where businesses seek to dominate given business areas by being the pioneers. Although many examples show first mover advantage is not always the best, there are equally many success stories of being the pioneers in a given business area. In this paper, I argue that the first-mover advantage is preferable for business. Firstly, from a management viewpoint, any business that acquires customers in an area where other companies have not been established ends up being the market leader as the pioneer in the given business area. Such an organization has the technological leadership of the products it creates. The process of developing new products involves research that leads to the establishment of new technologies that are currently not in the market (Berger and Dick 775). As such, a first-mover business can enjoy a technological advantage over second movers. For example, pioneer companies are often protected through patents and intellectual property laws. Hence, they can use a given technology exclusively before others enter a given area. The second reason why first-mover advantage is more preferable is the preemption of scarce resources. In the management decision-making process, it is important for organizations to strive to attain scarce resources that offer an advantage over competitors (Thijssen 2448). In this case, in the first-mover scenario, a business can acquire the existing resources such as locations, shelf spaces, or geographical location before others can venture into the business area (Dobrev and Gotsopoulos 1155). Such resources give the first movers a competitive advantage, which allows the businesses to be more successful and profitable. Further, since the business is the first to enter a given market, it can purchase resources at a cheaper price as compared to what will prevail once the market evolves. The other important advantage that first-mover organizations have is the creation of a brand loyalty. In this case, a business is likely to resonate well with customers who identify with the organization or product (Kopel and Löffler 147). Further, such an advantage allows a business to create a reputation that other later entrants will be benchmarked against (Varadarajan, Yadav, and Shankar 301). Once an organization gains brand loyalty, it is difficult for others to compete with the first mover. For example, some of the companies that have prevailed due to first mover advantage include Coca-Cola and Sony
Even though every employer aims at diminishing discrimination and promoting gender equality, minor issues concerning the matter still occur. For instance, nursing is generally considered a profession dominated by females and males can suffer from sexism while working on hospital grounds. Similar problems arise in Molloy College gym where I work as a fitness attendant. Even though there are no explicit violations of laws or guidelines, gender-biased role distribution is a common thing in fitness due to a variety of subjective reasons. However, in general, Molloy College gym administration effectively addresses the matter. Legal Issues and Division of Labor Even though there are some informal practices that influence employees’ lives in the gym, they do not break any laws directly and do not pose considerable problems. The mission statement of Molloy College makes it clear that all the activities promote respect for every individual and ethical leadership (“Mission statement,” n.d.). The same standards apply to its gym where every person is treated with respect ,and all the formal policies adhere to the US laws concerning gender discrimination. In my practice, there were no recorded cases of sexual harassment or affirmative actions among the employees. Every client is instructed about the policies of the gym to avoid such behavior. However, while no employee feels discriminated against, some informal labor divisions can be tracked. Before discussing role distribution among fitness attendants, it is worth mentioning some peculiarities of the profession. The majority of clients in the gym are women, while there are more male instructors than female attendants. However, male visitors rarely want to have an attendant, and even when they do, they prefer for it to be a man. This may be due to the matter that men think of themselves as “sturdy oak” that do not need any assistance (Woods, 2017). At the same time, women prefer their instructors to be females, as they can show more empathy and help to relieve emotional problems female customers may have. Even though the behavior may be rooted in the stereotype of women as mothers (Woods, 2017), it does not bring any discomfort. Due to the situation described above, female employees are advised to offer their services to male customers only on rare occasions. Male fitness attendants, however, are encouraged to help anyone they believe is appropriate. In short, while there are gender-biased recommendations that are based on the evidence acquired at work, they do not violate laws or bring discomfort. Employee Behavior Norms While the general norms of behavior apply to both men and women, there are some specific instructions that are designed to avoid incorrect interpretation of employees’ actions. First, the employees are not allowed to adjust customers’ clothes unless directly asked by the client. In the case of the direct question, employees are to decline requests from the opposite sex to avoid harassment charges. At the same time, if asked by the person with the same gender, an employee can still reject if he or she fin
Conflicts of Interest in Financial Services are among the many chapters, which appear in John Boatright’s book, The Gift that Keeps on Asking. This chapter is built on the financial services sector, highlighting the persistent conflicts of interest, that stand between investment and the financial banking functions in the United States. Conflicts of interest are of different types ranging from actual to potential ones. Following the many causes and effects of these conflicts in the financial services sector, the stock market crash of 1929 is thought to have resulted from the comprehended conflict that arose between the aforementioned commercial and investment services of the United States. How does a conflict of interest occur? Although, a variety of definitions have been suggested, highlighting the meaning of a conflict of interest, the resulting arguments concerning the definitions appear irrelevant about their implication, in the financial industry. It is worth noting that conflicts of interest form a good part of the financial services. This follows from the ever-present functions of agent and fiducially, as they endeavor to serve other peoples’ interests. consequently, a conflict of interest arises when an individual and/or an organizational concern interposes the organization or individual’s power to work towards the concerns, or some other party if at all the person or the organization holds an authorized responsibility to work in the direction of the party’s interests. Conflicts of interest appear in various kinds as expounded next. The prevailing distinctions of conflicts of interests as applied in other fields also stand relevant in the area of the financial services industry. The first distinction involves actual and potential conflicts. While the actual conflict of interest comprises of misbehaviors that stand in certain situations, the latter category, though can be kept off, is treated as an inescapable aspect of particular circumstances. Also, while actual conflicts of interests arise when people or organizations work in opposition to another party’s interest, the interest of which the people or the institution is bound to serve, po
The renaissance period does not have a beginning; however, proto-renaissance represents the period that marked the early onset of the era. During this time, Giotto, who is considered the father of Western painting, became famous for his innovation in fresco painting. The most remarkable of his works is found in the painting work that he did in the Arena Chapel. The Chapel was constructed by Enrico Scrogveni, a rich man during this time (Tomei, 2017). Enrico had the Chapel built to gain redemption of his father, who was accused of the sin of usury during the time when he was alive. Giotto was, therefore, commissioned by Enrico to paint the Arena Chapel. Giotto stepped away from the medieval spiritual painting and brought his innovative aspect of the new style of frescoes. The frescoes on the walls of the Chapel tell the stories of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Giotto used the frescoes cycle to transmit the narratives of the life of Christ and the Virgin Mary. The technique of using the frescoes to paint the inside walls of the Chapel was a mastermind. The materials used for the fresco cycles were unique, and the paintings had to be completed from top to bottom (Tomei, 2017). The frescoes were painted on the walls and, thus, are not movable. The fresco cycles are stories moving from one wing of the Chapel to the next in an organized pattern. One of the most outstanding frescoes is the painting where Enrico presents the Arena Chapel to the Virgin Mary. The fresco of Enrico presenting the church is an allusion to the afterlife in which Giotto creates a fantasy story. In this painting, the remarkable realism of Giotto’s work is showcased. Giotto’s great invention of painting in three dimensions is also depicted in the fresco showing the betrayal of Jesus. From this fresco, one can re-imagine the story of Judas betraying Christ with a kiss. Reference Tomei, A. (2017). Giotto’s annunciation to the Virgin in Arena Chapel in Padua between East and West. Journal of Iconographic Studies , 10 , 73-82. Web.