ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Operating in the context of the global economy realm implies dealing with several risks. Mitigating these risks is crucial to the success of the company, yet the number of factors that determine the severity of the threat is very large. Therefore, there is a need to introduce the framework that would help manage the global threats and reduce the risks that a firm may face. Sharma and Sharma, as well as Lockamy, consider the use of the Bayesian network as the means of mitigating risks in the supply chain by improving the information management strategies and addressing the communication issue. Introduction of Articles Managing supply chains (SC) in the context of the global economic environment is a challenging task. Because of the array of factors that need to be taken into account, including the economic, political, social, and cultural ones, addressing the existing risks becomes an increasingly convoluted procedure. The Bayesian model (BM) for mitigating risks in the context of the global market can be viewed as the solution to some of the associated issues. Sharma and Sharma, as well as Lockamy (756), tackle the issue of introducing the Bayesian framework into the realm of the target market and using it as the means of improving the operations within the global SC. Therefore, determining the efficacy of the BM as the tool for mitigating risks and creating a safer economic environment for a company to operate in can be considered the primary motivation of the authors of both articles. According to the authors, the model in question allows for managing the problem of the SC vulnerability, which is especially topical nowadays (Sharma and Sharma 51). Particularly, Sharma and Sharma (53) point to the fact that there is a lack of understanding of how to make efficient use of the available information in most organizations, which ultimately leads to their untimely demise. The BM, in its turn, is supposed to help introduce a better data management approach into the company, therefore, creating prerequisites for success. Lockamy (756), in his turn, goes even further by claiming that the BM is bound to help handle the disaster-related risks. Specifically, the framework helps im
Defining the Problem After the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, the American nation was considerably distraught and shaken. With many people having never imagined that such an event would occur, the government officials quickly attempted to impose countermeasures so that such a tragedy may not happen again. The same month as the event itself, president George W. Bush has signed into power the “Patriot Act”, designed to prevent future instances of terrorism. The bill was designed to improve homeland security in various ways, including the use of surveillance, wiretaps, the usage of delayed search warrants, and an overall increase in the police and investigative power connected with possible terrorist attempts. May   * Biblical Guidelines: According to the principle of Sphere Sovereignty, existing as a part of Christian Democracy, the government’s job is to safeguard its citizens and guarantee their comfortable living. In this regard, the act supports efforts of preventing possible tragedy and combating the terrorist threat. On the other hand, the bible itself also mentions the importance of privacy, which is one of the foundational rights of the American people. As noted by Proverbs 25:9, “Argue your case with your neighbor himself, and do not reveal another’s secret” meaning that people should not reveal or know about other people’s affairs without permission. The use of wiretapping surveillance in cases of suspecting a terrorist can easily violate this principle.   * Constitutional Guidelines: Analyzing the constitution’s view on the issue, one can also find it to be divided on the subject. Article 4, Section 4 of the constitution specifically highlights the government’s responsibility to protect its citizens, putting an emphasis on the threat of invasion. While Terrorism is somewhat of a different issue, the section is still relevant, as it dictates the government’s responsibilities before its people. While the constitution does not explicitly mention an individual’s right to privacy, the 3 rd amendment protects people and their property from unreasonable searches. As the Patriot Act permits law enforcement to provide a warrant after the search, it seems to contradict the 3 rd amendment. Can   * Political Feasibility: The bill has amassed a lot of controversy over its existence. Passed during the height of the terrorist panic, it introduced serious measures towards preventing possible crime. As the initiative mainly focuses on prevention, not remedy, it is difficult to determine its effectiveness. The power it gave to law enforcement was used both for crime prevention and for violating the rights of innocent people.   * Practical feasibility: The patriot act has expanded the capabilities of law enforcement, giving them more opportunities to investigate, track, and prevent terrorism-related crime. The police and government agencies have been actively using their surveillance and wiretapping techn
This is has been confirmed to be a problem that causes relapse in former inmates who might be mentally ill and addicted. Research has proven that, at the moment, 60% of inmates have been in jail before and post incarceration syndrome is evident to be the cause of this behavior. The concept of this syndrome has been developed by clinical consultation work together with other related programs. These programs include those dealing with currently incarcerated prisoners and released prisoners (grassian 1451). Operational definition Set of symptoms present in existing incarcerated inmates and recently released inmates caused by prolonged confinement in areas of castigation with scares opportunities for occupation training, therapy and tutoring. However, the symptoms have been evident to be severe in inmates who have served long sentences and those that have undergone stern abuse while in prison. There are number factors that determine the severity of symptoms; one is the duration an inmate is imprisoned. Similarly, the number of times an inmate is abused also contributes a lot. It is noteworthy that coping skills prior to the imprisonment of the inmate is also a factor that determines the severity of the syndrome in an inmate. Another factor that contributes towards this cause is the number of times the inmate has been jailed. In addition, the degree in participation in therapy, tutoring and vocational programs also determine the severity of the symptoms (Gal, 750). Symptoms One symptom is the institutionalized personality traits caused by residing in a tyrannical surrounding that dictates on compliance to the authority, acceptance to the forbidden deeds in life, the abolition of individuals autonomy to make decisions and forceful alteration of an individual’s lifestyle. Another symptom of post incarceration syndrome is post traumatic stress disorder caused by the horrific experiences before imprisonment and the abuses undergone during confinement. There is also a symptom is antisocial personality traits caused by the behavior developed during imprisonment as a mental defense mechanism. Furthermore, the individual might develop the social-sensory deprivation syndrome as a result of the protracted confinement; thus, isolation and memory loss. In some cases reactive substance use disorders is also developed as most of the inmates were drug addicts before imprisonment and did not undergo treatment, some develop their addiction while in prison. These inmates continue their addiction through illegal acquirement of the drugs while in prison (Grassian, 1450). Reducing incidences This syndrome has been evident to be caused by the programs in the correctional department. Where as these programs are directed at stopping crime and correct the inmates behavioral at times they end up making the individual worse. Hence, this can be reduces and eliminated in future by changing the policies that govern the correction departments (grassian, 1453).
Introduction When the novel was published in 1984, it instantly became an essential and profitable success. Lots of critics view it as one of the greatest war novels ever written. J.G. Ballard chronicles the semi-autobiographical understandings of an eleven-year-old British boy named Jim living in Shanghai during World War II. Jim originates from a wealthy British family who is emigrants living in China. His life before the war is one of luxury. He is driven everywhere by transport and encircled by prosperity. War soon adjusts that as Jim is forced to flee by himself and on the streets taking asylum anywhere he can. Jim observes some unbearable occurrences of aggression and suffering through his escapades and grows morally through the various understandings and encounters along the way. Life during war When the military actions come to Shanghai, Jim gets divided from his family and is taken to a camp. It is there that he challenges the severe circumstances of war and gets to know significant lessons about human nature. The book has been commended for its vivid representation of the overwhelming consequences of war and the psychology of survival as regarded throughout the eyes of a boy. In this moving coming of age narration, Jim lets go of his blameless thoughts about war and bravery and in the course divulges the idea of bravery, resolve, and faith in the survival of human nature. The main accent of Empire of the Sun is Jim’s growing and getting older from a boy to a man during the war. After the war outbreaks and he is parted from his parents, he and for the whole book, he seeks for them. As the author outlines Jim’s growing up, he investigates the conversions he undergoes. The larges transformation occurs when Jim is blown from his calm, privileged life in Shanghai and made to live, as do the Chinese, with deficiency and the steady danger to die. The reader is offered an insight into various ethnic surroundings – the Japanese, the American and that of the British culture in Shanghai. The American one is assertive. The Americans cope to overcome the dreadful situations of Lunghua with a considerable extent of cheerfulness. They maintain Jim’s slight necessity for hope and the assurance of a better life. The American sailor attracted a constant flood of guests, mostly female. They have a huge range of possessions, which Jim regards as treasures. The British are contrasted inauspiciously to the Americans in his estimation of the three educational backgrounds that encircle him. Readers are paid attention that Jim felt that the Americans were the best company and far better than the pessimistic and sophisticated British. The British system of values includes lots of Christian components; the more notable can be noticed in the character of Dr Ransome. But it is necessary to mention, that
Introduction Part of the fulfillment of my bachelor’s studies requires me to choose and research a topic related to one of my courses: social studies. The topic that interested me most of all is self-confidence because I readily relate to it. I have sufficient information related to this topic, which made it my choice. Self-confidence is a topic that has intertwined such subtopics as self-awareness, self-esteem, and stress management (Neel, 2012). There are several issues and problems, which result from a lack of self-confidence; some of these issues are evident in the current society, and the UAE. These include increased cases of obesity and eating disorders, excessive abuse in marriages, bullying as children, which affects their education, social behaviors, and general stress. Therefore, this is a report on self-confidence and its inter-related issues as evidenced by the people in the UAE (Mruk, 2006). Method Internet Sources This study involves the use of both primary and secondary data. Some psychologists have thoroughly researched the issue of self-confidence, and have written it down in books and other online materials such as periodicals and websites for reference. These materials are very resourceful in this
There are several approaches to risk analysis. At first, one should speak about the so-called value-at-risk (VAR) evaluation. This method is aimed at identifying the potential losses that can be incurred due to a certain event. Moreover, it is important to determine the probability of this risk. In turn, this information is critical for developing the strategies of a business. Additionally, economists strive to take into account highly improbable events that can completely disrupt the long-term plans of various institutions. These events cannot be included in the VAR analysis. Additionally, various organisations consider the returns as one of the variables that should be incorporated in the risk analysis. While evaluating risks, enterprises can apply different strategies. In particular, they can rely on historical information in order to determine the probability of a certain event and assess its impact. This approach can enable organisations to determine what kind of challenges businesses could face in the past. Moreover, one can establish the patterns in the occurrence of these events. For instance, one can speak about the occurrence of economic crises. Nevertheless, this method cannot effectively analyse recent trends. In turn, one can speak about Monte Carlo simulations which can illustrate possible scenarios that a business can confront. Yet, this method can be effective if one can accurately determine probability distribution for various events. It is possible to identify several risk management paths. For instance, one can speak about the steering framework which is aimed at identifying and avoiding various risks. As a rule, these activities are based on VAR calculations. Moreover, organisations try to take into account credit value adjustment assessment. This approach helps the management understand various challenges that should be avoided. This approach enables financial institutions to get insights into the complexity of factors affecting these organisations. This is the main advantage of this strategy. Nevertheless, it does not enable companies to mitigate the impact of these risks. Organisations may also focus on the prevention of risks and effective governance. In particular, they
Introduction In our day-to-day lives, conflicts usually occur when two or more people especially a group of individuals happen not to get a long, and their goals become incompatible. Most of people, when they hear of word conflict, they tend to think of fights or violence. In the real world, Conflict is part of people’s lives as it is hard for entire society to think alike. However, conflict situations occur in all levels and situations of our lives. It may be hard for people to remember, but the fact is that almost everyone experiences a situation of conflict every day (Wood & Schweitzer, 2009). The fact of conflict is that, everyone was created in his or her unique ways, hence the differences in views and opinions. Mostly, people encounter conflict due to lack of respecting one another’s opinions. At some levels, conflict is positive as it is used to bring justice where people are practicing injustice. Although conflict can result to war, it can also create some opportunities for issues to be resolved and have a better future. However, conflict should be avoided as it can lead to violence and become harmful. Implicit rules of conflict that were taught in childhood In my past life during childhood, it was insisted that conflict could be either positive or negative to the society (Wood & Schweitzer, 2009). People should always make the best out of conflict. Once the conflict becomes violent, it becomes hard for the people to enjoy the opportunities to shape the future, as the situation would be worse. Violent conflict usually leads to destruction of people’s livelihood, people loose trusts among their fellows, and the majorities are left suffering due to anger. In childhood, when conflict surfaced in the family especially the misunderstanding among the siblings, parents were always on the look to handle the situation. The parents would cool down the situation to listen to both parties and then mediate between, to have a positive conclusion. Actions when disagreement surfaced The parents used an improved communication between the children, so that they can understand each other’s opinions. The parents played a great role of opening a discussion, and showing their children a way of expressing and talking their differences (Wood & Schweitzer, 2009). Through these lessons, in childhood we were able to handle simple conflicts among ourselves as we would talk openly and find the source as well as the solution of the conflicts. While in early school ages, our teachers also encouraged us to talk openly concerning our differences, and through this, most of the pupils were able to solve surface conflicts and to avoid them whenever possible. Open
An essay is regarded to be a brief piece of writing, usually written in an academic style. It is generally recognized that most essays include a thesis and some arguments made by the author on the basis of thorough research of the discussed subject. Still, it is crucial to point out the main aspects of an academic essay to fully understand what an essay is. There are different types of essays, such as comparative, critical, descriptive, literature, and argumentative ones. A good essay is a result of deep research of the subject using scholarly articles and other works published by researchers. The author is expected to explain the motives of writing an essay and the importance of researching the suggested subject in an introduction. The idea of a paper is presented in the distinct form of a thesis. For example, for an argumentative essay, a thesis would include a statement supported by the author, an explanation of the author’s position, and some counter-arguments. A comparative essay, in turn, would present a thesis pointing out the main similarities and differences between two phenomena or works. The body of an essay is divided into the distinct sections in which the author explains one’s arguments and explores the subject to convince a reader that the ideas presented in the thesis are true. For an extended piece of work, it is recommended to use sub-headings to help a reader easily navigate through the paper. The author is expected to support one’s statements with such evidence as to facts or details from scholarly studies. The works of other researchers are quoted or summarized to explain and prove the main idea of the writer. All of these studies should be relevant to the discussed topic. Usually, each paragrap
Background Richmond SPCA is a non-profit organization dedicated to rescue, care, adoption, training, and education of animals. It was founded in 1891 and has recently celebrated the 125th anniversary of protection and advocacy of community’s animals. The organization is currently situated in Richmond, Virginia. While it is not affiliated with private animal welfare organizations, Richmond SPCA closely collaborates with municipal organizations in order to ensure that all animals in need receive proper treatment and find a home. During the last several years, the organization displayed a steady growth in all performance indicators. In order to sustain growth, Richmond SPCA provides humane education to children in the community. Current Situation The mission of Richmond SPCA is to promote the principle that every life is precious (Richmond SPCA, n.d.a). In order to safeguard its mission, the organization runs several services, all of which aim at promoting the value of life and enhance the well-being of animals. Veterinary Clinic Despite the steady increase in a number of cases, the veterinary service of the organization displayed an increase in successful instances of treatment: 28% for external parasites, 15% increase in respiratory infections, and 3# increase in internal parasites. Of the top ten conditions treated, only one saw a decrease in treatment (Starr, 2017). According to the survey, the population finds the services inexpensive and cost-effective (Richmond SPCA, n.d.b). Training services The organization ensures constant training for shelter pets. During the last year, animals received more than 2,500 hours of training by shelter staff and an additional 2,800 hours provided by volunteers (Starr, 2017). In addition, almost 90 classes are taught to the pet owners in what amounts to more than 11,000 hours of instructions. Such strategy strengthens the bonds with the animals and decreases the likelihood of later abandonment and submission to shelters (Starr, 2017). Trap Neuter Return A program run by the organization provides the opportunity to vaccinate and neuter community cats free of charge. In the last year, more than 1,000 stray animals were treated in this way (Starr, 2017). The free nature of the program has been shown to enhance voluntary participation and improve the
The role of media is crucial for human lives nowadays. Much time, efforts, and knowledge have been already spent to improve this industry, and it is hard to stop contributing such spheres like movies, literature, television, and music. The investigations of Deuze and Steward show that a variety of the existed media channels abilities influence considerably our lives, and the point is about “living a life not with but rather in media” (1). To learn more about the world of media, it is better to focus on the news and the main themes of the articles offered to the reader. One of the most captivating current issues is the future Oscar and the nominations which can win. In this paper, the article by The New York Times ’ writer, John Collins Rudolf, about the unexpected nominee Gasland will be analyzed to prove that media may influence different aspects of our life. There are a lot of investigations which are devoted to the problems of oil or natural gas drilling (Lyons 43) and the challenges which have to be overcome by humans. Under the current technological progress and the abilities available, it is possible to inform the whole world about the most urgent issues by means of different media channels. Documentary film is one of the forms that aims at “reporting about world” (Rollyson 1) and about world’s achievements. In the article under analysis, the author admits that the promotion of such movies and the Oscar’s nod that is possible is a unique chance for the director and the author of Gasland to attract more attention to the problem. Though people are aware of the problems caused by drilling and natural gases, they do not want to fall into details. Nowadays many people prefer to watch movies or news online and rely on the information provided. This movie helps many families “who’ve been hurt by drilling” (Rudolf) to declare about themselves and inform future generations about possible problems and threats. With the help of this article, the reader will learn that there are many unsolved issues which deserve our attention. It seems to be dangerous for people to discover the truth that it is possible “to light their drinking water on fire” ( Gasland ), and this article as well as the movie the author of the article discusses is a good source to rely on and to understand how unreliable current living conditions are. The global content (Deuze and Steward 7) of the article helps to localize such information around the whole world. This article does teach the reader and does show that it is not always easy to disclose a particular problem to public without media interruption. There are many nominations for the Oscar this year: Inception, The Social Network, Black Swan , etc (Chaney). Still, are any of the movies mentioned