ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction A perfect competitive market is hardly found in so many industries. Most scholars argue that this kind of market model does not exist in real world. This might be due to information gap among consumers, some suppliers coalescing to have some control over the market price or inability to find companies offering identical products in the market. As far as that is concerned, one might recognize that a competitive market structure do exist in Florida (Competition, n.d). In this part of USA, we do find about 70 companies marketing and distributing oil products to the consumers of oil. Among these companies are: 76 Lubricants, A Plus Auto Oil Change Etc, Bahamas Miracle Crude Oil, Bulk Cooking Oil Solutions, LLC, Capital Oil & Gas, Genpass Technologies, Longrun Oil Corp, Mr Oil and Oil Lube Express of W Melbourne. Most of these companies do have their own filling stations though they also make distributions of oil to other filling stations they do not own. They all deal in petroleum products (Manta, 2011). Discussion The high number of the marketers and distributors of this product indicate that no single company can have control over oil prices. The market forces of demand and supply do set the price. An owner of a filling station or any consumer of the oil product would run away from the distributor who sets high price and buy from the one selling at a lower price. This means that this industry would at most be earning supernormal profit in the short run but as prices adjust in accordance with the stiff competition in the global market, particularly concerning the price, most probably the price would get to the lowest where firms would be earning normal profit. For example, the price of one gallon of regular unleaded gasoline goes at approximately $3.84. Generally, it is assumed that all firms are price takers. As movements in prices up and down takes place, some firms do exit from the industry after they fail to keep up with the price and high operating cost. The high number of oil distributers shows that the market is free for any firm to enter while at the same time, is free to exit (Florida, 2011). This is one industry where products are not different across the firms. For instance, the regular unleaded gasoline is similar to all companies. When it comes to information flow to/from oil distributors, all customers are perceived to have full and equal information about the market although this is not a fact as per this market. Some companies were seen selling petroleum products at high prices and still customers do buy from them although the information asymmetries does not hold f
Finding a balance between development and sustainability has been an objective many people find difficult to attain. The use of resources has been intensifying annually due to the increasing population and people’s growing demand. The fashion industry is now seen as one of the most vivid illustrations of unreasonable use of resources (Bick, Halsey and Ekenga, 2018). Fast fashion can be referred to as “a business model based on offering consumers frequent novelty in the form of low-priced, trend-led products” (Niinimäki et al., 2020, p. 189). On the one hand, this model has enabled millions of people to access more clothes that are more affordable. On the other hand, adverse environmental and social impact has been substantial as well. Due to the shift towards more sustainable business practices, the fast fashion industry is also undergoing certain changes. This paper includes a brief analysis of the ways to address consumers’ fashion-related needs and reduce the negative environmental impact of the fast industry. Fast Fashion and Its Environmental Footprint To some people, the fashion industry may seem rather irrelevant compared to such traditional giants as the oil industry, but the former has a considerable share in the global market. It has been estimated that the value of the world’s fashion industry is approximately 3,000 billion dollars, which is over 2% of the global Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Shirvanimoghaddam et al., 2020). The consumption of textile goods has almost doubled during the past two decades and reached 13kg per individual or 100 million tons annually (see Figure 1). Figure 1. Textile production from 1975 to 2015 (Niinimäki et al., 2020). Such significant growth comes at a price that is mainly associated with a tremendous effect on the environment (see Figure 2). For instance, Shirvanimoghaddam et al. (2020) stress that only 15% of the wastes are recycled. It is noteworthy that developing countries are more vulnerable since a considerable portion of the used textile is a part of the second-hand clothing trade (Bick, Halsey and Ekenga, 2018). For example, over 500,000 tons of used textile goods are exported from the USA (Bick, Halsey and Ekenga, 2018). Figure 2. Estimated environmental impact of the fast-fashion industry (Remy, Speelman and Swartz, 2016). Recycling mainly occurs in western countries, which makes the environmental burden of developing countries more pronounced (see Figure 2). In addition to the contamination of vast territories used as landfills, fast fashion wastes often penetrate into diverse ecosystems due to inadequate waste management (Mehta, 2019). Textiles produced of low-quality components contaminate the ocean and suburban areas. Since a considerable part of production facilities is located in developing countries, these areas are affected
Introduction “The universe is transformation; our life is what our thoughts make it” (Brainymedia.com). This rumination about life is contained in a combination of 12 volumes entitled ‘Meditations’ written by the one and only philosopher-king ever known to mankind: Marcus Aurelius, fourteenth Emperor of the Roman Empire (Kolak). Life history Marcus was born on April 26, 121 A.D. in Rome. His parents, Annius Verus and Domita Lucila (Benario), died when he was young, leaving him to be brought up by his uncle Antoninus, a generous man of great wisdom. Marcus displayed a great interest in learning early in life, becoming totally proficient in geometry, music, literature, painting and mathematics at the tender age of 12 thereby proving one of his ruminations about life that “nothing in life is impossible to accomplish” (Brainymedia.com). Antoninus did Marcus a great service by appointing private tutors to teach him Greek, Latin and philosophy. Marcus was awarded the ‘toga virilism when he was just 14 years old (Kolak). Marcus’ destiny to monarchy was spawned when Roman Emperor Hadrian took interest in him, fondly referring to him as ‘Verissimus’ (Benario). Hadrian decreed that Antoninus should succeed him, and he in turn should appoint Marcus as his successor. Marcus, then only 17 years of age, took his destiny as heir-apparent to the imperial Roman throne seriously (Kolak). Following one of his ruminations about life “To begin is half the work, let half remain; again begin
Summary Being at the forefront of patient care, nurses are the ones who arrange the most comfortable conditions for individuals’ stay in the hospitals, as well as carry out the necessary procedures for speeding up patients’ recovery. Lately, more and more children are diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), which necessitates the nursing personnel to be able to cater to such patients’ special needs when they are hospitalized for various reasons. Research indicates that clinicians’ preparedness to care for ASD children is not sufficient (Lucarelli et al., 2018). One of the most viable reasons for this is the missing or inadequate emphasis on nursing care of ASD patients in nursing universities’ and colleges’ programs. The Academic Setting Observed The academic setting observed for this clinical practice experience was Western University. The university was founded at the beginning of the 1900s and has continually increased the diversity and quality of its educational programs ever since. The educational institution has a substantial alumni foundation with the help of which numerous initiatives and programs are promoted. Of particular interest for this clinical practice experience (CPE) was the College of Nursing, which is the largest program at Western University. Initially, the College of Nursing offered a BSN program in 1960, adding the MSN program in 1975 and the DNP – in 2009. The patient-centered BSN program is aimed at providing students with the necessary knowledge and skills for th
Abstract The government of the United Arab Emirates introduced Emiratisation to increase the population and the educational level of the Emirian people in the private and public sectors. While the program has improved the employment rate of the locals in the public sector, it has failed to cause positive changes in the private sector. This paper provides an overview of the best solutions the government can implement to support the program and transform the entire economy. The paper provides an overview of how the government should train UAE young professionals, draft new employment policies, introduce resourceful quotas and labor regulations, and remove social-cultural obstacles to achieve the set objectives. The adoption and implementation of policies that take care of these labor needs would support Emiratisation and make the program highly efficient. The Best Solutions the Government Can Implement to Support Emiratisation Emiratisation is a program that the government of the United Arab Emirates is implementing with the objective of increasing the presence and level of expertise of the Emirian people in the private and public sectors. While there is consensus that the initiative can improve the country socially, economically, and politically, there is no explicit indication that it can increase the population of the Emirian people in the private sector. However, economists have noted the success of the program in the public sector. Nonetheless, they have recommended the adoption of drastic measures to enhance change in the private sector. Economists have warned that Emiratisation might degrade the performance of firms operating in the country, and the government should use a better strategy (Nelson, 2006). The government needs to train the young professionals using advanced methodologies, develop relevant labor policies, provide the youths with jobs that match their experience and skills, introduce valuable quotas, and remove a social-cultural obstacle to support the Emiratisation initiative effectively. The government of the United Arab Emirates is facing an acute shortage of local talents and skilled employees. Most young professionals in the country lack the required skills to support and contribute to the development of the economy. The government should train and employ youths. Apparently, the government has trained many of the young people but failed to give them jobs. According to Al Ameri (2011), despite the training, the employment rate has remained far below average. Currently, approximately five percent of the Emirian people make up the population of workers in the private sector (Al Maskari, 2013). The government should adopt a training strategy that will enable the youths to take up most of the jobs that the expatriates do. Notably, training of the young professions cannot solve the unemployment issue unle
The relations between people within society are traditionally regulated by definite norms and principles which are often discussed as ethical canons or rules. From this point, ethical principles and rules are based on the concept of morality which is considered as the universal notion. Thus, the development of all the persons’ interactions should depend on the principles of morality. Ethical norms exist within society without their fixing as laws, but they are realized with references to the moral development of this or that individual. People clearly understand what is morally good and what is bad. However, there are a lot of codes of ethics which are worked out for different professions. According to these codes, the ethical norms and principles are fixed and should be followed strictly. This fact provokes the discussion about the significance of the codes for professions and their difference from the traditional non-fixed ethical principles used in society. In his article “The Quest for a Code of Professional Ethics: An Intellectual and Moral Confusion”, John Ladd argues that ethical codes are absurd and unnecessary because ethical norms cannot be organized as it is given in codes. In this case, ethical norms acquire the features of laws, and this fact contradicts to the idea of ethical principles. Although the position of John Ladd is rather controversial and has some problematic issues to be discussed, the researcher’s vision is quite reliable and based on a lot of arguments. Thus, his critique has both strengths and weaknesses. The representatives of different professions should communicate and cooperate with their colleagues and clients according to the definite code of ethics. Nevertheless, Ladd states that an organized professional ethics can be discussed as a kind of absurdity because of confusing the principles of ethics with corporate laws (Ladd). It is possible to agree with the author’s point of view that ethics is based on the principles of openness and reflectivity. Moreover, persons are autonomous that is why their moral behavior can depend only on the personal visions of moral or immoral actions and behaviors (Ladd). Thus, the attempts to determine the ethical norms as rules which are necessary to follow according to the standards of the profession or organizations’ activity can be discussed as opposite to the fundaments of ethics. From this point, it is important to distinguish between the code of ethics and the code of conduct. If the code of ethics includes those principles which can be considered as the code of conduct in the context of the definite profession, the notion of the code of ethics becomes meaningless. Therefore, Ladd’s opinion on the fact that the code of ethics begins to be developed as the disciplinary code is credible. The author logically develops his argument and continues the discussion of the controversial points of the question with ac
Human beings have specific needs and wishes which when achieved will make their life much more pleasant. These needs have pushed people to try to invent ways of how they can make their life enjoyable without stress and suffering and this has provoked philosophers to come up with theories and beliefs that try to visualize the possibilities of having a better society. This essay aims at exploring one approach to getting the ideal society that will provide a better life for all human beings. ‘The Noble Paradise’ is a dream all people must desire to achieve regardless of the costs and sacrifices felt during the process of achieving it. In this case, politics become irrelevant as people become self-governed and there are no fixed rules to guide people or dictate to them on what limits they will exercise the existing rights and freedoms since there will be a just society comprised of balanced opportunities for all. Today, politics play a very major role in planting the seed of discrimination and ethnicity within members of the society that account for thousands of evils and problems that have become a routine in human life. Any political attempt like voting to replace an oppressive regime results in a worse situation that leads to further social evils like civil wars and unfair distribution of resources in the country. Politics form the bulk of corruption in the society as ethnicity and tribalism cloud the corridors of human resource offices which in turn creates unemployment, hunger and poverty to the class that is discriminated against. The absence of political will mean there are jobs for all people and resources will be allocated to the community rather than to individuals. ‘The Noble Paradise’ will be a healthy society with no diseases. Human beings have been killed by a range of diseases that are curable while others are incurable and this has made the human mind to be filled with the task of endless researches to invent ways and cures for such diseases. However, in this society there will be no wastage of resources in the treatment or prevention of diseases and people will live life to the fullest until when their natural death occurs. Security is one of the fundamental issues for human beings. In this ideal society, people will not have to worry about their security since there will be no weapons, arms or ammunition. Everyone will have the opportunity to invest without risking their capital while job opportunities will spring up due to multiple investments as hunger and poverty becomes extinct due to the availability of money for the provision of basic needs. However, every action comes with a responsibility that people should be prepared to face. Politics play a very important role in the f
The novel, “Steppenwolf,” by Hermann Hesse entails the spiritual world of Hesse as he reflected in it the 1920s. The author introduces the two opposing sides that would prevail throughout the book. First, the author portrays himself as a human being who is willing to help others in society. On the other hand, the author also illustrates that some human beings rarely exhibit humanity. They behave like wolves in the forest. Wolves are aggressive and homeless. The autobiographical information of the author provides that the title of the novel was based on the abandoned wolf of the steppes. It is this treatise that this novel by Hermann is cited addressing Harry. It forms a novel inside novel literature, describing a human character entwined in two lives: a natural form eliciting him as high in terms of a spiritual man, and a low nature, eliciting him as animalistic. The low animalistic form depicts the man as the “wolf of the steppes.” The novel continues by describing an entanglement of the man’s life in an irresolvable fight of trying to define each natural form of his existence without contentment with any form since he did not fathom this self-made intuition. In actuality, the novel given to Harry provides an explication of the multifaceted natures that were indefinable to the man concerning the soul of even man in real humanity but he could neither perceive the intuition put forward by the pamphlet. This unresolved struggle to define and be content with either of the forms are shown to have resulted in attempts to commit suicide, which is countered by the fact that the man lives a double life, with one being immortal. Further, the man who gave Harry the novel meets him again in a setting that resembled funeral attendance where he made inquiries regarding the magic theater and is informed that it was not meant to be attended by just anybody (Hesse 14). On further insistence, Harry is directed to a local dance hall, which was a disappointment to his expectations. Harry meets an old friend. He recognized him easily because they had spent several years of schooling in the same institution of learning. The friend continually and unconsciously critiqued Harry’s column while Harry responds by critiquing the man’s wife’s bust of Goethe. This criticism is interpreted to be too sentimental with an insulting touch based on the true brilliance of Goethe. Considering the society that Harry is born a member, the episode confirmed his instincts that he was an alien in his society. Such critiques are not healthy because they could lead to physical assaults when two or more people engage in criticisms. In an endeavor to suspend his homecoming, Harry wanders in the town most of the night but finally reaches the dance hall he had been directed earlier. The story portrays Hermine as an attractive woman who is very keen to notice that Harry is desperate in life. In essence, the book elab
Changes are an integral and essential process of any company development. Although at some point, it might seem that a company has reached an ultimate success and that there is nowhere else to evolve, with the technological innovations and the changes within the theory of business and management, there will always be some room for improvement. Therefore, it is crucial that the innovation process should be continuous and unceasing. Despite the fact that the Air New Zealand Company has been successful enough throughout its existence, over the past few years, the company has started to experience problems in delivering the services of the required quality, as well as maintaining high company standards, which called for a reconsideration of the company’s hiring policies. To understand the changes that occurred in the Air New Zealand, the innovation mapping method should be utilized. It is quite remarkable that the stage of searching and the process of locating the basic problem that stood in the way of the Air New Zealand development did not take long. By adopting the method known as searching in the mapping system, the company managers realized that the target audience needed to be changed, since the middle class, middle-aged businessmen did not take a major part of their clientele anymore. Instead, the company had to focus on a much younger audience and find the ways to convince teenagers to use their services ( Brand Strategy , 2012). As it has been stressed above, the concerns regarding the lack of interest coming from the younger target audience, as well as the fact that the employees could not produce the ideas that would attract younger audience, were the key problems to be detected. It would be logical that the Sir New Zealand should respond to the latter problem first by introducing training courses for its employees; however, the leader of the company preferred to address the first problem, therefore, recruiting younger and more initiative staff. However, the Air New Zealand was clearly facing yet another challenge, which concerned training the new staff. Therefore, the process of implementing, which the third stage of the innovation mapping method offers, presupposed dealing with two issues at once, i.e., creating the atmosphere in which the new employees could acquire knowledge faster, and working on the promotion campaign that could attract teenagers to the company services ( Air New Zealand Selected as Most Innovative Airline by Airlinetrends.com , 2012). The last, but definitely not the least, the stage of learning must be mentioned as an inevitable phase of the innovation mapping process. Even though Air New Zealand has to put its efficiency at stake by recruiting new staff, the company has definitely learned the necessity to keep in pace with time and make sure that the younger audience should also be interested in the company’s products. In addi