ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Organization’s general manager resolves emergent initiatives for the organization’s owners involving resource utilization to enhance performance of the firm. This involves developing policies specifically designed to achieve these goals. Global organizations like Lilypad need to employ a structured tactical model to encompass views of its stakeholders. The decision by Lilypad Hotel’s management to market as individual brands or corporate brand depends on environmental opportunities and threats analysis, the firm’s internal weaknesses and strengths, the organization’s goals and strategy formulation. The opportunities that the hotel can capitalize on if it operates as a corporate brand are many. First, the firm has in its possession iconic properties in strategic places. These could give them a great advantage since they will not have to relocate the already existing hotels. Cross-property usage rates, which are 10% to 15% in corporate branded hotels like the Four Seasons, provide a perfect opportunity to increase their use, which is 5%. Thirdly, operating as a corporate body could allow the use of pooled funds to upgrade hotels that are not well furnished but are located in good places like La Plaza. Lastly, operating as a brand will help reduce cost of operation such as advertisement. On the other hand, there are substantial threats to the corporate marketing idea. The loyal customers may rebel the radical changes in the hotel’s management resulting in losses. The managers who are not willing to relinquish their posts may also sabotage the program. Less furnished properties such as La plaza could also taint the reputation of the furnished ones like the Marine. There are internal weaknesses that can affect Lilypad Hotel’s decision to market as corporate brand. One is the inflexible organizational structure. It could be hard to make the general managers give up their positions to take up new roles, which could be less prestigious as the ones they hold currently. Secondly, the firm’s owners had the final say on all important company decisions. Worst still, they were against change. Another weakness is advertisement approach used which is on low profile products such as hangers hence attracting little attention. Despite the weaknesses, the firm has a vast pool of s
Collaboration can be defined as the process of sharing ideas. It gives two or more individuals, who possess harmonizing skills, a chance to share their knowledge, skills and experience. This interaction presents the parties involved with a shared understanding, creating a common meaning about an issue that none of the parties possessed individually. Collaboration leads to creation of something that was not in existent. However, successful collaboration comes with its own set of challenges; modification of conflicting goals that are characteristic of any team is one such challenge. For the collaborating parties to work together, decision making is approached from a collaborative point of view giving each of the parties some responsibility. This ensures that no one party is in charge of all supervision and decision making. Cooperation is another important aspect in the process of strategic planning. Cooperation entails coming together of parties with the same interest in terms of combining resources, capacities, and competencies in an effort to attain mutual interests for the achievement of goals. The joint application of efforts in various processes such as production or distribution leads to joint benefit. In any organization, there are different persons, divisions and the like, which together form the organization. For these different units to work efficiently there must be some form of coordination. Without coordination, the units will overlap and create redundancy. There may also arise some sort of separation of units and in such cases productivity will be greatly reduced. Coordination serves to ensure that each unit has some set targets which should be achieved by some predefined deadline. This way, work flows from one unit to another without delay or overlap in terms of resource usage and time allocation. For efficiency to be achieved there should be no duplication of efforts as this turns out to be costly in terms of resources, time and monetary value. Therefore, efforts should be made to avoid it. This can only be achieved by employing proper coordination practices. Strategic planning is a vital process for all organizations and countries that are out in pursuit of economic growth. This is due to the fact that efficient running of these organizations is highly dependent on the strategic plan deployed. A strategic plan will involve cooperation, collaboration and coordination. For different teams of professionals that comprise an organization to work together, they must put their expertise together as one team. None of the parties in the team is superior to the other and hence, they should work collaboratively. Each of the parties should shoulder some responsibility and exert control up to a certain extent that is arrived at using a collaborativ
One of the most recent concerns of the modern global market, stealth ads play quite a big role in the world of marketing. Making people pay their attention to the specific products or companies, they enhance the selling rates in the given enterprise and thus create a specific trend. Because of their camouflage and the subtle influence, they produce the effect which is far stronger than any powerful ad can create. There is no doubt that stealth ads are times more efficient than the usual ways of advertisement. One of the explanations is that a song is something that one can listen to for a number of times, which can be compared to hypnosis. In spite of the fact that the impact of such hypnosis is less tragic and traumatic than that of the traditional one, the ethical aspect of such means of advertising is seriously doubted. According to the official data, the use of stealth ads has increased the sales volume almost fourteen times (Blair). On the one hand, such practice looks most innocent and suggests a breakthrough in the scale of the global market, which is, no doubts, very aspiring. Yet on the other hand is the controversal nature of such ads and the way they influence people’s actions. According to Blair, the key idea of the stealth ads success is the fact that “they do not look like ads”. In terms of protection of consumers, this looks quite like the violation of consumers’ rights and even foisting certain goods on people. With the disguise of a free-willed choice, this new invention of marketing can bring colossal benefit to millions of entrepreneurs, which will probably make the stealth ads one of the most popular means to advertise goods in the nearest future. However, to be fair, it would be necessary to mention some advantages of the new invention. One of the most obvious pluses is that customers will be able to find out bout the novelties of the market just listening to music or watching a movie. Nevertheless, the aesthetic pleasure of such pastime could become questionable; it is only now that the fans of the singers have to be “sharp-eared” enough to be able to read between the lines of the favourite songs (Smith). And, in addition, relying on such tricky psychological issues can be rather risky (Blair). Another idea which can give a lot of food for thoughts is the chain management which is becoming increasingly wides
Exploring the effects of internal and external factors that can influence nutritional decisions is important for determining the patterns associated with healthy populations. While the connections between unhealthy diets and morbidity have been previously established, researchers have to focus on discovering what specific psychological or medical factors contribute to the effectiveness of nutritional intake, requirements, or counseling. Psychological Factors and Nutrition Psychological factors that influence nutritional patterns or the need for counseling are associated with what patients feel or think. In most cases, they are difficult to describe due to their dependence on such factors as individuals’ upbringing, lifestyles, and overall attitudes toward healthy living. It has been identified that psychological stress, mood, beliefs, values, and general habits can have both long- and short-term influence on nutrition. For instance, a patient’s values and beliefs can contribute to food choices on a regular basis while mood and emotional struggles (e.g., stress, anxiety, depression) lead to the short-term changes in diet. When exploring psychological factors that affect nutritional patterns, it is important to mention nutritional counseling, which is a relatively new mental health care field (King, 2017). During nutritional counseling sessions, a patient can identify and treat his or her psychological issues that lead to dietary imbalances. Psychological problems can also lead to the lack of adherence to nutritional sessions and the inability of a patient to manage the identified issues. Overall, psychological factors are considered secondary and less visible,
Abstract Bullying is one of the common vices in schools that influences a lot of growth and development of children. Bullying creates an unsuitable environment for education and child development. It involves the application of both direct and indirect means of intimidation. A third of children in schools get involved in bullying as victims, witnesses, or violators. Psychologists have identified factors such as the location of schools, size, cultural diversity, and racial composition to contribute towards the high rate of bullying in the United States. Bullying affects the emotional, social, physical development of children in various ways. Bullied children have high emotions because of their high vulnerability and low resilience to misfortunes. They often lack quality friendships at school because they lack trust in people and fear being victimized because of their imperfections. Play and social interaction have a crucial role in the way a child develops physically. Introduction One of the main challenges faced by learning institutions and students across the world is bullying. Bullying refers to the act of physically, verbally, or emotionally, intimidating a weaker person to make them do something. Examples of acts that qualify as bullying include mockery, cruelty, intentional frightening, annoying thumping, pinching, and intentional exclusion, among others (Smith & Hart, 2010). Bullying is deep-rooted in schools, and experts argue that there is an urgent need to develop effective strategies for eliminating it. Studies have shown that the vice is evenly spread among boys and girls, although the latter applies indirect methods compared to the former. While boys use more physical means to bully their victims, girls use verbal and emotionally oriented means that include spreading rumors. Psychologists argue that bullying has numerous negative impacts on schools and students because it creates an unsuitable environment for education and child development (Vreeman & Carroll, 2007). Research shows that bullying affects three sets of individuals in schools. First, there are those children who are bullied. This category of victims suffers the most serious effects that include physical, emotional, and mental abuse. Second, there are the children who bully others. The effects suffered by this category start showing in adulthood when the individuals involved start recalling their unethical acts (Smith & Hart, 2010). Third, some people witness cases of bullying. Psychologists say that children in this cate
Langston Hughes was an African American poet of mixed ancestry, and one of the most celebrated writers of his time. He also had written several novels, plays, and short stories, but is best known for his contribution to the genre of poetry. Through his works, he had always tried to uphold the value of Black people and he vehemently fought against the social evils of racism and discrimination. The poem, Ku Klux describes an episode where some members of the Ku Klux Klan, an organization that stands for the cause of White supremacy, catch a Black man and manhandle him. Through this poem, the author portrays the themes of White supremacy, racial discrimination, and the chaos that existed in American society. Hughes further shows how the Whites mistreat the Black for establishing their racial superiority. The most significant theme that Hughes used in this poem is the thirst of the Whites for racial supremacy. The author makes no pretensions about it and comes straight to the point when the Klan members ask,” Do you believe in the great White race?” (Hughes) Incidentally, one needs to remember that the Ku Klux Klan, which has its origin in the Southern states, subsequently spread into the whole nation, is a group of extreme activists who advocates White supremacy. They had no hesitation or remorse in inflicting large-scale violence on the Black people. The savage nature of the gang becomes evident in the manner in which the White men treat the Black man. They unleash this violence to establish their racial superiority by making the Negro admit that he believes “in the great White race.”(Hughes) Another important theme that emerges from the poem is the evils of racism and discrimination that prevailed in American society during that time. Black people, in general, were mistreated and the Whites did not even consider them as humans. They did not have any rights even to voice their problems. The feeling of helplessness and despair in the Black man who clearly understands that he can do nothing to save his honor becomes most evident when he says,” Mister, to tell you the truth, I’d believe anything if you’d just turn me loose.” (Hughes). The fact that the man doesn’t resist, but offers to believe in anything they want, in itself is proof of the pathetic plight of the Black people. One more important theme that emerges from the poem, ”Ku Klux” is the violence and chaos that was rampant in American society. Though there existed several laws and other regulations for the protection of the Black people, the Klan members often flouted these and they got away with it because the authorities also wanted to close their eyes due to their bias and prejudices towards the Black people. As it becomes obvious from the poem, the g
Church was an important social mechanism for all times. Referring to the religion history and the history of theology we may find many interesting and explaining facts from the past to understand today’s religious and social reality. This paper highlights the premises of the schism between the Roman Church and the Protestants. An analysis reveals a problem of the abuse of authority in the Catholic Church as the main precondition for Conservative Protestants appearance. From the XIV – XV century in the Middle Italy and Flanders, and then from the end of XV century and all around the Europe, formation of a new social class – bourgeoisie, has started. For the first, it needed a new religion, different from Catholicism with its cheapness and simplicity. Catholic Eparchy became needless for Bourgeois for its expensive organization which included Pope, cardinals, bishops, abbeys and church landowning. Catholic Church with its endless requisitions and extortions of the peasants caused a total hate of people. When an indecent behavior of Church has strengthened, peoples’ hate just became stronger. Dissatisfaction of the work of a church was shared between all social estates: peasantry was ruined by tithe, posthumous requisitions, craftsmen industry couldn’t compete with church production, which hasn’t been taxed. All those financial conspiracy and moral corruption of the priesthood inspired Martin Luther for a speech which was spoken at the Wittenberg Castle Church, where he nailed to its doors his “95 theses” (Shell, p. 164). They are about the indulgence selling and the Pope’s power on forgiveness of sins. His propagated doctrine talked that church and clergy have no right to claim themselves as an intercessor between human and God. Papal church pretentions on the ability, given them by God, for an “absolution” and “salvation of the souls” via the Sacraments, that they supposedly had, were declared as false by Martin Luther. The main idea raised by him is that human reaches the “salvation” (or “justification”) without a help of church, but by the faith, endowed by God (Berg, p. 141). Also, Luther disposed the authority of the Sacred Tradition that is the resolutions of church and papal decrees, giving the main role of the only source of religious verity to the Scripture (Berg, p. 141). People were tormented by extortions and requisitions arranged by church, which caused a conflict between them. That was a basic reason for split and separation of the Catholic Church. Bourgeoisie supported that change for own material sake, so that has reflected in the conception and in the forming of Protestantism. So what do we see? Religious reasons are just a background comparing to greed of power and money. The gap between these two groups (Catholicism and Protestantism) appears to be increasing over time. Future reunification of the Christian religion was essentially impossible and is getting more so. Let’s consider some of
Blood donation involves blood extraction by medical practitithe oners from individuals without compensation. Blood donation is acceptable because the human body possesses the ability to replenish blood levels (Hillier, 2007). However, an individual must fulfill certain requirements to donate blood. These requirements inthe clude good health and recommended body weight. Blood donation has many advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of blood donation include stimulation of the body to manufacture more blood, opportunity to save people’s lives, and health benefits (Hillier, 2007). Blood donors stimulate their bodies to manufacture more blood, which decreases chances of heart attack and slows down build up of blood sugar. Blood donation has emotional benefits because it gives donors a sense of responsibility with knowledge that their blood is used to save lives. On the other hand, it has several health benefits such as blood pressure and heart rate control, reduction of risks to heart attack, and reduction of blood glucose (Hillier, 2007). Disadvantages of blood donation include fainting and health complications (Hillier, 2007). The most common problem encountered during blood donation is fainting. This usually occurs in individuals who have low blood volumes. Many donors experience hypovolemic reactions caused by changes in blood pressure. Minor complications of blood donation include nerve irritation, allergic reactions, and tendon injuries (Hillier, 2007). In addition, experiences such as irritating reactions caused by certain substances make people shy away from blood donation. There is high chance of infection if unsterilized materials such as needles are used to extract blood. Blood donation has both advantages and disadvantages. However, advantages overshadow disadvantages thus making it an important activity. It is necessary because the body has the ability to manufacture more blood. In addition, donated blood is used to save lives of people who lose large amounts of blood during surgeries and accidents.
Infosys is a multinational enterprise that is a major market player in the information technology (IT) sector. It focuses on providing a variety of IT, independent validation, and outsourcing services. The company develops software value chains with an emphasis on technological support and program creation. Meanwhile, Infosys Consulting is a subsidiary division of the Infosys corporation. It focuses on consultation within the spheres of IT, management, and business analytics. Infosys Consulting has a global client base which it offers advisory services to help develop and execute strategies, particularly within management and digital transformation realms, that are critical to innovative growth. PESTEL                      * Government oversight and legislative control                         P – Political        * Tax code reforms                                                                          * H1b visa legislation                                                                      * Investigations into dependence on foreign work
The Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol comprises eight stages ( What Is the SIOP Model? 2016 , para.1). The stage of Building Background is the second stage for basic fluency, followed by the Comprehensible Input stage ( Eight components of Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol , 2016, para. 2). In order to adapt the selected science lesson plan to the needs of students with varied English proficiency level, it is necessary to consider the Proficiency Level Descriptors at each stage. Building Background In the Building Background stage, the selected science lesson about chemical reactions requires students to discuss cause-and-effect relationships, as well as formulate sentences with an if…then pattern to illustrate the nature of chemical reactions discussed ( Create SIOP science project: Lesson 12 chemical reactions , 2016, p. 1). In order to differentiate between the four levels of proficiency, it is crucial to adjust the pre-reading activities, vocabulary practice, reading comprehension, and other parts of the lesson to the language level of particular students. It is necessary to divide the class into four groups according to their proficiency level and have them discuss the factors affecting chemical reactions, such as temperature, surface area, and concentration. Students with the first proficiency level will express their ideas using simpler vocabulary and simple sentences, while the second-level group will use combinations of simple structures and linking words (Council of Chief State School Officers, n.d., p. 2). The third-level group will employ complex sentences and effectively convey their ideas in if…then statements, while the fourth-level group will use a wider vocabulary and detailed, descriptive complex sentence structures. The Building Background Stage will allow for teaching new concepts and causal relationships in ways suitable for each level. This task will be accomplished through guided comprehension activity, four squares vocabulary exercise for the first-level students, as well as concept maps for more advanced participants. Comprehensible Input In the Comprehensible Input stage, the new material is further adjusted to each proficiency level. To address the needs of the first-level students, it is necessary to employ Comprehensible Input methods, such as Total Physical Response and Vocabulary Picture Puzzles. By using these methods, it is possible to convey the ideas concerning the basic chemical reactions. Thus, the definitions of catalysts and inhibitors can be explained as well. Vocabulary Cards and Similar Words and Opposite Words can be employed with second- and third-level proficiency students to illustrate the concepts of catalysts and inhibitors. Video resources can be used as an additional method for the fourth-level proficiency students. Sentence constructions such as if… then, when… happens, then… occurs can be taught by means of Read Along Audio Files, a