ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Studying is the way of getting knowledge and depending on the type of learning, people are able to consume information. Visual, auditory and physical are three main types of learning. Visual style of learning requires the learner to see some parts of the data connected to what should be learnt. Auditory learning style is connected to oral data representation, and physical learning style requires the touching or other physical involvement. Each of these methods has both advantages and disadvantages which are defined while learning the material. I have always known what type of learning is the most effective for me. Learning some new material, I perceive it better when I can see something devoted to the data. Being a visual style learner I have a number of advantages connected with this style as well as the disadvantages which are also inherent to it. It is obvious for me that while lectures I perceive the information better if the lecture offers some visual material. Power Point slides or hand outs are the most effective for me, as in this case I have an opportunity to see the information discussed by the lecture and I remember it better. If a lecture is led without any visual materials, I try to make notes as seeing the data I hear, I remember it better as well. The inability to make notes while lectures puts me into complicated situation as I know that I will not be able to remember the data in this case. Considering the advantages of this learning style, it should be mentioned that most people in the world use this learning styles due to its effectiveness. Moreover, having seen the place and the way to it I will surely remember it. One more advantage of the visual learner is while working on a problem, I can see the whole picture in my mind and act in accordance of the predicted outcomes and further actions. However, there are a number of disadvantages which prevent me from effective learning in different situations. I have already written that I am unable to perceive oral information. It is difficult for me to remember the data which is told without any visual support. Listening audiotapes or referencing to the radio programs is not the best way of data remembering. When I am told the way it is very difficult for me to visualize the issue, I need something what I can see. There are the situations when the data is said and I should remember it, but this is a real problem for me. I usually should make notes to make sure that I remember everything. Time is really important while learning. I understand that having a visual support I will remember the information better and faster rather than I will be presented the data orally. It is not complicated for me to make notes while lectures as I know that I will save time in the future. Looking at my notes after classes I can remember all the details discussed while the lesson. I know that oral learning style is more convenient as having heard the data, a person easily remembers it, but all my tries to learn to remember oral information were spent in vain. Those people cannot remember information and therefore have difficulties in learning should change the type of l
Idaho, the twelfth largest of the states, is greater in area than all the New England states. Idaho is one of the states which follow the old constitution adopted in 1889. According to this Constitution, Idaho has three branches of power: the judicial, executive and legislative. A balance of power is secured between urban and rural districts and the bicameral system. Today, Idaho is divided into 25 legislative districts governed by a senator and two representatives (Weatherby and Stapilus 88). The executive power of the state is represented by a governor, elected by popular vote and or four-year term. According to the constitution, the governor has a right to appoint and may remove the heads of all executive departments. The governor of the state appoints all other officers and employees in the executive service according to law. As the agent for the execution of the laws, the governor is expected to report on their work, recommending such changes as experience dictated. The current governor is C.L. ‘Butch’ Otter. There can be no question, however, that the initiative in general lawmaking is expected to rest with other departments. The executive service is the heads of administrative organizations which function in varied activities (Weatherby and Stapilus 127, 130). They control the appointment of many officials, determine the enforcement of laws, and provide for the execution of policies initiated by the legislative branch of the government. This work varies from the granting of steamboat licenses to the operating of the environmental controls, the supervising of road construction, the making of educational surveys, and the collecting of the income tax. The names of the departments do not indicate the scope of their activities. The third task is the drafting of legislation. The executive power has far outstripped the Legislative and the Judicial branches in the development of the constitutional system, for the governor, has not confined himself to the position which the framers of the Constitution designed for him (Idaho 2007). As provided in the state constitution, the governor has a line-item veto dealing with appropriations bills. When the veto is used during the legislative session, the governor has five days to inform the house from which the bill originated. To override the veto, a two-thirds majority of the legislators present in each house is required. Recent Idaho governors have used the veto sparingly and with mixed success, as illustrated in the following two examples. During the 1983 legislative session, Democratic Governor John Evans vetoed the appropriations bills for several programs, including public schools and higher education, because he believed the funding levels were inadequate (Idaho 2007). The vetoes were not overridden. In some cases, the Republican-controlled legislature approved higher
Introduction Taylor Swift’s new song called “Blank Space”, music video to which first appeared in November this year predictably became one of the most discussed music videos in the United States today (Taylor On Top: ‘Space’ Replaces ‘Shake’ At No. 1 par. 2). The video is not only beautifully made, with skillful and esthetically pleasing images and unusual scenes; it is also combined with a clever message that has several dimensions. By mans of using images, colors, rhetorical devices, music, traditional stereotypes about women and her own social background and history Taylor Swift presents the viewers with what they have been waiting to see, the well known singer as a crazy and jealous girlfriend that shifts from an elegant and confident woman to an insane maniac smashing her man’s car and tearing his clothes; combining all of these elements this music video serves as a demonstration of self-fulfilling prophesy about Taylor Swift and the common belief that her dating life is a complete mess. Taylor Swift “Blank Space” The music video for “Blank Space” is not only designed to present Taylor Swift in an unflattering light, but also reflect the common stereotypes about most women being crazy, moody, clingy and difficult to be around in relationships. In her video Taylor Swift acts as a typical “illogical” girl that suddenly switches off her “normality” and becomes a handful for her man irrationally ruining his properties destroying presents she once gave him and acting out as a mentally unstable person (Stampler par. 4). This message is delivered by the lyrics of the song that include threatening phrases as if warning the men about Taylor Swift’s true self, her appearance with the mascara streaming down her face and her caring and then hostile behaviors. This video is full of contrasts; it depicts the tantrums a typical “needy girlfriend” is expected to throw in a relationship. The video is a clever move from the side of Taylor Swift’s manager’s as it is directly connected to the singer’s frequently discussed active dating life due to which Swift is often called a “boy-crazy woman” widely judged by feminists for her desire to be in a couple. In the video Taylor Swift demonstrates that she is not afraid of rumors, instead she is having fun with her new reputation, which is frequently connected to her artistic achievements as most of Swift’s songs are written about her love life, feelings and boyfriends. With the help of “Blank Space” Swift shows that she is tired of convincing the public that finding inspiration in real life experiences is not bad, and tries out a completely new approach to this issue. The makers of “Blank Space” employed various visual devices to make the video deeper and more informative. Taylor Swift generally represents a rich and elegant woman that first acts as a girlfriend
Inventory of Social Media Presence To develop a selection of relevant assessment criteria for the choice of social media channels, it is necessary to consider the findings of recent academic studies. According to Schlagwein and Hu (2017), the most effective social media channels are characterised by the following qualities: “broadcast, dialogue, collaboration, knowledge, management, and sociability” (p. 194). The authors suggest that Facebook and Twitter are channels with a high degree of versatility in their use that can increase the absorptive capacity of a company’s social media strategy (Schlagwein & Hu 2017). The use of Twitter makes it possible to locate pertinent online conversations, which is a key step in establishing large following bases (Ashley & Tuten 2015; Bik & Goldstein 2013). It is clear that the selection of the most relevant communication channels should be based on the criteria of broadcast and engagement since they lend themselves to an analysis of empirical metrics (Bredl, Hunniger & Jensen 2014). According to a recent report on the state of global social media use, the number of monthly active users of Facebook reached almost 2 billion in 2017 ( Social media 2017). The company has the most significant social reach and owns 18 percent of the market (Chaffey 2017). Figure 1 shows the number of active users of the top social media networks worldwide. Figure 1: Monthly active users of top social media networks worldwide (2017) (Chaffey 2017). The focus of this section of the report is on a social media audit. Conducting the audit is essential for determining proper marketing actions with respect to social media content (Frick & Eyler-Werve 2014). In addition, the social media audit is central to developing a working understanding of the purpose of each communication channel employed by HWCS (Frick & Eyler-Werve 2014). Table 1 presents the social media audit for HWCS. Communication Channel  Total      Post Frequency                    Primary Purpose                                                   Post Content and Assumed Purpose                                                                                                                                                                                     Followers                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Twitter                2,784      15 times per week on average      Customer relationship management; news generation; entertainment  Notifying subscribers of upcoming activities; advertising available careers                                                                                                                   Facebook               1,878      Three times per week on average   Customer relationship management; news generation; entertainment  Alerting subscribers of graduate program closing, thereby using a scarcity appeal to prompt actions (Song, Yi &
Introduction This is a modern way of learning where by one is able to get the required information without the need for an instructor. These systems are analyzed so that a learner can be able to know the weaknesses and the strengths of using the distance learning system. In this learning there is the involvement of use of new technologies that can assist the learner. The learning strategies provide the necessary means meeting the readiness requirements of the teaching environment. (Rael, 2000) Tapped in system In the tapped in system of distance learning it is an international community of education for professionals and there is the k-12students, libraries, professional staff development, there are also faculties that are for the teachers and students and also the researchers are able to get their information and be able to engage in professional programs that enable them in taking their work of research. This system mainly targets the teachers, students and researchers and thus it provides information that is required by the concerned group. It has libraries that have information from the published and unpublished articles, posters, images, instruments and datasets. This information helps that concerned group to get information that will help them in getting the required information. It is a system that can be of great impact to the researchers this is because one is able to get information that will help him or her get a cue for that group that one is supposed to research on this is because it allows the researcher to be able to pass their views through producing articles that are published and others not published and this information can be used by other people who will require the same information and therefore this system compared with other systems it gives allowance to people who need information. For any one who is willing to get information that is based on the research that one has to undertake then it is readily available in the libraries in the form that one can be able to understand and get information that is not biased. The advantages of this system are that it provide
The Bhopal gas tragedy occurred on 3 December 1984 in the city of Bhopal, India. The plant had been designed to produce Carbaryl chemical, which is used as an insecticide. The cause of the tragedy became controversial and it provoked two distinct lines of debate. One side believed that slack management was the cause of the disaster. Following poor sales at Bhopal in early 1980s, the corporate management responded by retrenching workers, and thus maintenance became poor and low-quality steel parts were favoured to cut on costs (D’Silva, 2006). Due to accumulated decay and corrosion of pipes, water backflow into a tank containing Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) occurred, thus causing a chemical reaction. The valves that had been designed to contain the resulting pressure had accumulated rust, which catalysed the reaction. The contents of the tank exploded, hence flooding the city of Bhopal with a mixture of hazardous gases. In addition, following earlier leaks and even complaints from local authorities and trade unions, the company’s management failed to take constructive measures to address the issues. Therefore, corporate negligence, lack proper skills, and poor attitude towards safety were major additions to the cause of the incident (Eckerman, 2005). On the other side, some people blame sabotage from workers as the cause of the accident. This argument holds that the MIC tank was watertight, and thus impossible for water to penetrate without human effort. Conclusions were made that a malicious worker with the knowledge of the Bhopal plant directed pipe water into the tank. However, earlier leaks, claims of underinvestment in safety measures, and allowing substandard inputs to save on costs provided a clear link to a possible disaster. If the corporate management had taken safety measures to respond to the sudden addition of water to the MIC tank, the disaster would have minimal impacts. The Bhopal gas disaster had numerous effects on the population of India, both direct and indirect. The mixture of gases that was released into the environment was inhaled by the nearby residents most of whom succumbed to death due to choking, pulmonary difficulties, and stomach pains (D’Silva, 2006). The long-term effects included stillbirths, respiratory problems, and economic downfall since fish and other agricultural activities were suspended unconditionally due to environmental contamination of soil and groundwater (Eckerman, 2005). Lack of proper and sufficient safety measures facilitated the impact since the health care system was overstretched. The response measures by both the government and the company indicated lack of proper joint contingency plans to deal with such incidents. Most hospital-based services for gas-related victims were established after the incident. The Bhopal Company took quick measures by establishing the employees’ relief fund to assist the victims. With the partnership of the government, the company conducted clean-up exercise at the site to control any further damage (D’Silva, 2006). As m
Introduction The period from 1500 to 1800 relates to the early growth years of both New York and Bombay and forms the basis of this paper. The following discussion compares the two cities in that period under the economic aspect. Its main claim is that New York developed faster in a comprehensive way economically because it served as a center for economic activity in the early North America and Europe trade. On the other hand, Bombay was a major economic center during the period as well, but its growth was influenced by the early administrators of the city only. As a result, its growth seems linear, while that of New York is multi-directional as seen in the economic activities present in the two cities. Comparison of New York and Bombay The foundations of economic functions of New York were laid in 1926. 1 This was when New York was bought from native Indians for the equivalent of a few dollars. Historians postulate that the money was paid in the currency used at the time, which were beads, buttons, and other trinkets. 2 This marked the first economic activity in New York to involve land, which would later usher the real estate sector of the city. In comparison, Bombay also rose from insignificance to become a commercial, financial and an industrial center. 3 The city began as a swamp-ridden cluster of seven islands, which later grew out of its involvement in the growth of India to be considered as one of the places that elites preferred to settle and work. 4 In the case of New York, it is early settlers who initiated a range of economic activities, mostly related to trade, but for Bombay, the main economic activity of early settlers was not trade, but the production of goods, mainly agricultural produce. Organized production was first initiated by Portuguese settlers, but true prosperity of the city was brought by the British through their company known as the English East India Company (EEIC). The actual transaction for transferring ownership of the city was part of a dowry to Charles II. 5 The company did not initially transform the city, as it had no major commercial operations that involved people in the city other than agricultural production. It was later in the 18th century (year 1700 to year 1800) that exports of cotton to China began and vibrancy in the city also attracted migrants looking for employment opportunities and more colonial settlers taking part in the trade. This became a new characteristic of Bombay as a commercial hub for trade in agricultural produce. As for New York’s economic functions, development was a little different than that of Bombay. The city began as a village-like settlement and its earliest inhabitants were the Dutch settlers, who even referred to the city as New Amsterdam as a way of inferring the importance of its port location and status in intercontinental trade. Although the population of the city in the 17 th century was very low compared to today’s population, its density was very high compared to what the city’s infrastructure could support. Early Dutch settlers were traders and they contributed to the growth of the city as a commercial center, even though there were early attempts t
The Great Depression is one of America’s worse periods in history. The period officially began on what is commonly referred to as the black Tuesday, 29 October 1929. On this day, stock prices dropped to unimaginable levels plunging the country into panic. For almost 10 years, America had a thriving economy and everyone was optimistic about a better future. However, many people did not know that this was a lull before the storm because on that particular Tuesday the stock market tumbled like a house of cards. In the panic, people rushed to sell their stocks that of course, no one was willing to buy. It then became apparent to everyone that the stock market that was perceived as the best way for one to gain wealth was now the surest way to poverty. (Bernanke 30) The stock market was not the only one that was affected. The banks that had also invested big amounts of their customer’s money in the stock market were negatively affected by its collapse. This collapse led to the closure of many big banks plunging many people into misery since the banks closed down with their savings. Customers with money in banks that had not yet shut down rushed to withdraw their money. In turn, these banks could not manage to operate due to the huge amounts of money that the clients were withdrawing leading to more closures. To deal with the tough economic time, individuals began to cut down on their spending. People only bought the essential goods to save their almost non-existent capital. The reduced spending by consumers caused businesses to reduce the wages of their workers to cope with the reduced profits. Even with these measures, some businesses closed down leaving their employees without a source of income. Already owed heavily, individuals also cut down on borrowing to cut down on debt. The federal government on its part led by President Roosevelt came up with recovery measures that were called the First New Deal. The measures involved giving relief to those who had lost their jobs due to the recession and to farmers who were badly affected due to prolonged drought in the land. The packages also undertook to reform businesses and financial institutions and to bring them back to profitable ways. Lastly, Roosevelt sought to promote the recovery of the economy that had taken a nosedive during the recession. To achieve these goals, the federal government increased its control over the economy and regulated the supply of money. The government also controlled the prices of commodities and pro
The article investigates an insanity defense, it provides a closer look at its history and details. An insanity defense is defined as a “plea that defendants are not guilty because they lacked the mental capacity” and cannot be responsible for their actions, or they cannot control their behavior (Martin, 1998, para. 5). Made the law in the 1840s, this plea refers to various crimes and is not used only in murder cases. This standard checks the morality of a system and allows judiciaries to decide that some criminal defendants cannot be sentenced for their malefactions as they do not understand their actions. Supported by the majority of the United States, an insanity defense is ultimately unsuccessful as a highly insignificant number of defendants were acquitted due to insanity (Martin, 1998). Although most acquitted defendants suffer from severe mental diseases, for instance, schizophrenia, there are multiple cases when offenders try to fake insanity to avoid a prison sentence. However, those defendants who escape imprisonment due to legally approved insanity are typically committed to medical treatment centers where they stay until their mental health is officially determined as satisfying. For instance, John Hinckley, who had shot President Ronald Reagan in f