ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Le Nature’s Background   * It was a water-bottling company with headquarters in Latrobe, Pennsylvania.   * It was founded in 1989 by Gregory Podlucky.   * The management team comprised of:       + Chief Executive Office – Gregory Podlucky       + Chief Operating Officer – Jonathan Podllucky, his brother       + Accountant for tea activities – Jesse Podlucky, his son       + Other members of the management team such as Robert Lynn and Tammy Andreycak were friends.   * It was ranked as the 33rd largest beverage company in the U.S. with a revenue of $287 million. Le-Nature’s, Inc. was founded in 1989 and snowballed to become the U.S. largest beverage producer in 2006, despite the presence of the hypercompetitive beverage industry. The company was managed by a team of individuals that had a close relationship with Podlucky, and these comprised his family and friends. A year earlier, that is, in 2005, the CEO had rejected the offer of selling the company at $1.2 billion, and resort to making it public. Le-Nature’s Strategic Financing Techniques They include:   * Long-term borrowing arrangements – Primary method for sourcing funds from Wachovia and Moody’s Investments Services   * The sales of preferred stocks – Raised almost $30 million   * Long-term equipment leasing – Le-Nature retained a North Carolina leasing agent that served as an intermediary that enabled the company to lease equipment from a Wisconsin subsidiary of a German firm Throughout the 14-year period that Podlucky held the CEO position, he managed to raise approximately $1 billion of debt and equity capital. Since the inadequacy of capital was a rampant issue for growing start-ups, Podlucky resorted to utilizing three strategies to finance Le-Nature’s expanding operations. These comprise the sale of preferred stocks, which raised almost $30 million. This decision significantly affected the company’s corporate governance structure. This is due to the fact that every investment fund that purchased the preferred stock had the mandate to appoint the company board of directors. Therefore, since Podlucky owned all of the company’s outstanding common stock, he ended up selecting his relatives and friends, as shown in the previous slide as the senior company executives. Second is the long-term borrowing arrangements, which Podlucky used as his primary technique of raising funds. He achieved this by relying on their audited financial statements. For instance, Wachovia, a diversified financial services company located in North Carolina, arranged about $500 million of long-term debt. Moreover, it underwrote a $150 million bond issue. These “junk” bonds were mostly sold to pension and retirement funds. The third was the long-term equipment leasing technique. Le-Nature used a North Carolina leasing agent that served as an intermediary that enabled the company to lease equipment from a Wisconsin subsidiary of a German firm. The leasing contract needed Le-Nature to make a large escrow deposit with the leasing agent; hence, it borrowed funds from a U.S. lender to facilitate this. This whole agreement was equivalent to approx
Scientists, sociologist, writers, linguistics, psychologist and religious authorities have all made several but unsuccessful attempts to arrive at an all-inclusive definition of culture. Despite these attempts, there is still no concrete consensus as to the nature and scope of culture. This is because culture is so diverse, dynamic and complex that it cannot be contained within linguistic mechanism of humanity. Trying to limit culture to definition of words has been the greatest undoing of those who try to define it. Languages are tools that are developed with time to communicate human needs and changes. Suffice to say that culture is beyond human needs and thus cannot be limited to language. Ironically, there are so many common elements of cultural amongst communities. Therefore, one may fail to understand why this term eludes common definition. Every culture has symbols that have implied meanings, but limited to that particular culture (Changing Minds para 2). There are also value norms and rules, which members of the society must adhere to. Failure to follow these tenets results in punishment and at worst, banishment from that community (Para 10). Attitudes and notions about nature, life and the world accompany these norms in general. These attitudes are the eyes through which the community views the world (Para 8). Another important element across all cultures is cultural rites, occasions and rituals. These are tools that help every community mark every important ceremony in its way of life (Para 6). Even though there may be similarities in cultural practices norms and beliefs amongst different communities, these similarities are unrelated (Geertz 1). While these elements are constituents of cultures and help us to reach to a fair understanding of culture, they are still not useful tools to construct a good definition. This is because, their application is depends on context. Different communities have different symbolic definition of the same object. In liberal communities kissing is very part of socialization. While it is done openly and in full display to the public, conservative cultures only limit it to the confines of romance. How then can culture be defined bearing in kind these unique occurrences? This paper endeavors to describe the various historical attempts to describe culture, the characteristics of cultures and the controversies that have arisen from it. Characteristics of culture Culture has a tendency to grow naturally. Other than the common elements of culture, it also has unique characteristics. William has chosen the linguistic as a method that will help to derive the meaning of the term culture. Not only does he describe its historical development but highlights that culture is subject to natural growth. This means that the meaning of the term has underdone natural changes through out history. Initially it was just a noun that meant, “To take care of something” (87). The meaning naturally grew from its specific meaning to a more general one. Thus, any idea t
The new religion movement gains its ground in the USA. According to the latest news, more and more people believe in the coming of the new Prophet. At first, he was noticed in the Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Preaching the new cult, he made some astonishing announcements, here is the example of one of them “I trust God speaks through me” (“Bush on God in 50 Quotes” par. 2). Having made this announcement in a full view of thousands of people, he continued his preaching, walking around the city and talking to the strangers. He just repeated his words, sometimes adding a new phrases, like “I trust God speaks through me. Without that, I couldn’t do my job” (“Bush on God in 50 Quotes” par. 2). People could hardly understand him. Especially difficult for them was to understand what kind of job he accomplishes. Someone decided him to be an adman and tried to flee, someone – that he was trying to involve them into the strange TV show, and one man even threw his shoe in him without any talks and disappeared. Having showed wonderful reaction, the Prophet of a new cult continued his march. The next case, he was noticed, was in Los Angeles, California. He was not alone already, followed by his few disciples. His prophets obtained the new meaning. He was not only proclaiming himself to be a communication tool with the Good. He declared that the God, and he personally, loves everyone. He was wandering with the crowd of the followers, repeating this message. At one point he stooped and kept silent for a while. The witnesses claim, he was receiving a new message from the God at that moment. Obviously, the communication session was successful, as the text of his preaching had enlarged. Having find a great throng, he announced the new version. The beginning was as usual “God loves you, and I love you” (“Bush on God in 50 Quotes” par 4), but the continuation was astonishing “and you can count on both of us as a powerful message that people who wonder about their future can hear” (“Bush on God in 50 Quotes” par 4). It became apparent, that the God had vested him with some new authority. Having puzzled the crowd, he continued his march, declaring his new powers. The popularity of the cult grows fast, as well as the authorities of the new prophet. The whole world waits for the development of the situation with bated breath. Works Cited Bush on God in 50 Quotes 2007. Web.
Cybersecurity became more valuable over the years, affecting almost all spheres of human activity due to the increased importance of data and its protection against the undesirable accessibility to specific information. Referring to Seemms et al. (2018), cybersecurity is defined as a state of defense against cyberattacks with the help of internet-connected tools such as IT systems. Cybersecurity impacts the safety of a company’s valuable data, which should be stored with limited access without any external involvement due to confidentiality, privacy, or other reason. This system is essential primarily for governmental or military units and big enterprises due to the necessity for these parties to keep their data secret in private information, innovations, or knowledge (Seemms et al., 2018). Therefore, the company’s top management should pay increased attention to the cybersecurity issues and policies operated within the company. How Cybersecurity Affects Modern Management and Leadership Strategies Each failure of protecting private organizational information may provoke a scandal in public and decrease shareholders’ value due to the increased risk of the company’s failure in the market. Therefore, the company’s strategy should be modified according to cybersecurity importance and actual changes in the emerging virtual market. Leadership strategy may include educating and training employees to correctly deal with the risks of scams, such as the most common email frauds. In addition, the resource allocation within the company should include investments in cybersecurity development to protect the company’s property against attacks. The company may use online tools that may decrease the risk of data loss; for instance, ensuring the third parties’ credibility may prevent the problem. Significant Risks Which Organizational Leadership Must Confront Organizational management can face several risks that arise based on the lack of cybersecurity applied in the company’s system. Buchanan and Prasad (2019) outlined the main threats that the top management may face in cybersecurity issues. Firstly, organizational leadership should not undervalue the importance of cybersecurity since the risk of losing the data stored in the company’s database may harm the corporate reputation and trustworthiness. Secondly, the cybersecurity system applied in the organization must meet the rapidly emerging IT industry, which means that the dynamic risk of new cyber-attacks should be expected to develop technologies further. Therefore, the company’s leadership should constantly evaluate the actual situation in the market and update their virtual security system according to those changes. Thirdly, the IT department or specialists responsible for the company’s protection in the cyber environment must be reliable and keep confidential and private corporate information regarding cybersecurity. Yahoo Example of Cybersecurity Failure In 2016 Yahoo company announced that in 2014 almost 500 million user accounts’ information was stolen due to the cyber attack, which was not prevented by the company’s cybersecurit
Supermarkets are the best places to see the declining influence of nature in our lives. The vast variety of edibles kept here for sale is entirely processed under the close expertise of men. In fact, all of this has been brought in consonance with the machinery of capitalism. The items, which are most compatible with capitalism for being processed, flourish here and others become the history. One can see the various manifestations of the mode of the modern economy here. The sheen of artificiality to persuade us of the genuineness of each eatable is obvious. In an attempt to churn out new varieties of eatable, molecules are maneuvered from the same plants. Corn has tremendously been able to fit itself to the vicissitudes of capitalism. American supermarket seems to be irrelevant to nature because of its artificial ornamental nature. It is all but man-made. It is not just some sections of the market but the whole one looks like this. However, when we see the produce wet with dew, nature comes to the fore. There are various other produce sections out there. Even the meat, which is placed in the market, seems to be losing the imprints of nature, as it is boneless and entirely processed out of human hands. It is cut into systematic shapes. In the flora and fauna section, one need not become a naturalist but essentially a food scientist. If we go further, it is extremely difficult to even identify the species. Cereal, peas, snacks; soft drinks have entirely undergone see changes and are quite a travesty of their original. If all it is seen through the prism of a naturalist, the first impression that this entire scene conveys is that it is abound with biodiversity. Plants and animals have been placed here for human consumption. Even this market rivals some natural places like forests when seen from the prism of biodiversity. Hundreds of diverse species are lying in the produce section and the same is the case with meat corners. One can only see this diversity increasing with greater advancement. Many new species have made their way here, which were not seen a few years back. The foreign species have captured the markets. Naturalists pay great deferential to biodiversity. Every eatable placed here is just a link in the food chain, which is very long, and sometimes beyond comprehension. For the processed foods, one must have ecological instincts. The foods kept here are of so much complex nature that one needs the assistance of experts to pick and choose. The ecology of the foods is so much emphasized here that one begins to think of what ones’ were about. If one starts finding the origins of these foods, one must travel thousands of miles away from the supermarket and even to other continents. Corn has become an integral part of many edibles. If we, take chicken nuggets along with soft drinks, corn is a must which we will be galloping and placing in our tummy. All of th
Introduction The current essay contains a discussion of the famous novel Germinal written by Émile Zola. The novel is the thirteenth book included in a series of twenty ones. It is necessary to mention that as most novels this one was first published by series of chapters in periodicals; then the world saw the book as an entire work of literature. The author raised a great number of disputable issues concerning the economic situation in the coal-mining region; the life of ordinary miners is intertwined with riots, sabotages, and accidents. Main Body The action of the story takes place in the mining town of Montsou in France in the 1860s. The main character, Étienne Lantier, is an engineman who is searching for a job in the pits. Here he encounters a girl Catherine and falls in love with her. Unfortunately, this girl is not the only person met by Étienne; anarchist Souvarine seems to influence the young man’s behavior. The period described in the story coincides with the period of industrialization in France. Discussion of the Issues Introduced in the Novel Cultural Issues within the Novel. The cultural aspect is an integral part of the discussion of human rights, activities, and customs. Strangely, people of the coal-mining town of Montsou lived their lives disregarding the hardships of their work, the poverty of their families, and economic instability within the country. Those people worked as their fathers and grandfathers did. The history of the country and geographical position of the town does not matter because this situation was common for Europe dating the middle of the nineteenth century. I think that the protagonist could be a stronger young man (I mean moral strength) while this one is not sure about anything. He seems to be a self-assured parvenu who calls upon people to go on strike. Disputable Ideas within the Book. The novel teaches us that every action experienced by the characters of the story can be experienced by any one of us. Étienne Lantier manages to survive in the accident, whereas Catherine dies. It is obvious that he does not feel pity for her. He goes to Paris. Why could not he leave before? Why did he work in the pits? The society was latent, so was he. The society was free of ambitions but for anarchists who wanted to prevent the industrial revolution. It is possible to talk about cultural diversity with a view to freedom of the American people; though
Healthcare is a highly regulated field due to its impact on population health and well-being. Therefore, care providers are required to comply with state and federal laws, as well as codes of practice and other professional regulations. The present paper will consider the influence of regulatory agencies and laws on the quality of healthcare. Regulatory organizations can have a positive impact on the quality of care by promoting and supporting quality improvement initiatives. These agencies can implement regulations to foster a culture of health by ensuring equal access to care, advancing interprofessional collaboration, and establishing new health systems and services (Plough & Chandra, 2015). They can also impact safety culture in medical institutions through a variety of targeted efforts, thus improving patient outcomes and preventing errors (Hershey, 2015). Finally, regulatory organizations can recommend practices and tools for local quality improvement projects, acting as information resources. For instance, agencies can raise awareness about tools such as Lean Six Sigma and plan-do–study–act cycles that can have a great influence on the quality of care (Leis & Shojania, 2017; “The power of Lean Six Sigma,” 2016). Laws can also have a significant influence on the delivery of quality healthcare by preventing malpractice and other common issues (Neil, 2015). Firstly, the legislation establishes various standards of certification and licensing for care providers, ensuring that they have enough skills and knowledge to provide high-quality care. Secondly, laws allow for litigations, thus making the provision of qual
During the last decade, the need for evidence-based strategies that could be used to respond to various emergencies has increased as a result of an increase in the rate of disasters. One of such evidence-based strategies is a risk assessment that provides the basis for further activities listed in the mitigation plan. Risk assessment is performed to determine possible risks and analyze what could happen if a hazard occurs (Khan et al., 2015). The process of risk assessment is usually conducted in four steps. In the first step, potential stressors are identified and circumstances under which humans and ecological systems may be affected are examined. In the second step, a dose-response assessment is performed to understand the relationship between hazards and their effects. In the third step, identified hazards are analyzed based on predetermined criteria, such as duration, frequency, and the speed of onset. In the fourth step, potential human and economic losses are estimated based on such factors as vulnerability and exposure. Tracking and measuring outcomes during a disaster is an important part of preparedness programming that enables emergency response organizations to estimate the overall efficiency of planning. A good example of an evidence-based strategy for shaping healthcare system outcomes in a disaster is a disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategy that is aimed at reducing socio-economic vulnerabilities to hazard, thus improving disaster resilience. Another example of an effective evidence-based strategy is the use of public open spaces (POS) in disaster management. It has been proven that POS can be used for emergency evacuation and recovery, which is why disaster management strategies should be integrated with the planning of POS (Jayakody, Amarathunga, & Haigh, 2018). In particular, the design of a network of POS should be considered by hazard-prone areas that are associated with a high rate of mortality due to disasters. Like other megacities, New York tends to be more vulnerable to disasters and, consequently, greater human and economic losses. In particular, NYC is highly exposed to hydrometeorological and coastal hazards, including but not limited to floods, droughts, hurricanes, winter storms, coastal erosion, and windstorms. To decrease the risk of coastal storms, multiple initiatives have been developed by the NYC Office for Emergency Management (Depietri, Dahal, & McPhearson, 2018). The second type of disaster risks to which NYC is subject is extreme precipitation, which may cause significant damage to the city. Additional disaster risk is heat waves, which increase the probability of health-related problems and can even lead to death. It is possible to state that two priority concerns for the selected area are hurricanes and floods. Hurricanes, as well as coastal storms, can and do adversely affect New York. In fact, the city has been already hit by Hurricane Sandy (category 3) and Hurricane Dorian (category 5)
The introduction of water policy according to a study by Edwards and Cheers (2007) limits the water rights of the farmers in Kerang immensely contributing to the deteriorating agricultural prospects in this region. The impacts of water trading as a result of the introduction of water policy need no overemphasis. A large number of farmers have no freedom of water use. The policy insists on providing water to farmers on full recovery of the costs. Moreover, the amount of the water abstracted from the river systems is under restrictions. The contents of this policy are likely to have direct impacts on water pricing and availability, hence upsetting irrigation dependent agricultural businesses in and out of Kerang. Trading rights in water is likely to cause multiple effects of drought situations as many will take advantage of drought situations to exploit the already financially susceptible farmers. Reduction of irrigation water means loss of local farms and productivity leading to dwindling wealth creation in the region the result is an increasingly vulnerable community in holding its values and ability to engage in long term economically viable activities. Fewer residents engaging in agricultural farming means less spending in food, clothing, education and other essential services; this has a direct effect of employment creation in the area. Once a family loses water right the next option is to sell their piece of land to individuals from outside of Kerang.These individuals have little interest and experience in farming leading to increased trucks of land not put to good agricultural use threatening the food security situation. The water trading is likely to lead to inequality in the region as those with sufficient purchasing power will drive the financially weak farmers out of farming business by acquiring their water rights and farm lands leading to skewed development progress in the region. The small scale farmers are the potential victims of this water policy as it favors commercial farming. There has been a trend in population decline in Kerang though it began much earlier before this water policy was introduced; however, water trading cannot be counted out of this pattern of population decrease. According to a study conducted by Chapman and Grenville ( 2002) Australia’s population increased by six percent between 1991-1996.Though there was decline in population in towns like Mount Isa, Wee Waa, Bourke and Wilcannia. The towns located in white-sheep zones like Swan Hill, Griffith and Emerald experienced population growth in the same period. Emerald population growth was attributed to coal mining activities that took place in the mid 1990s. Those towns in the pastoral dominated regions registered a decline in population. Towns like Mou