ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Interfaces: Examining the idea of e-paper The interface to a tool is the part of the tool that a user interacts with while making use of the system. Generally, the more user-friendly an interface, the more easily it will be for a user to make efficient use of it. A user-friendly interface is that a person can use intuitively without being required to go through an extensive training process. It is for this reason that the Nintendo Wii controller which mimics real-world situations is considered to be more natural than a keyboard/mouse. A current product that has huge potential due to the usability of its interface is the e-paper. In terms of usability, the e-paper mimics the real paper in that one can amend documents and erase parts of a document with as much ease as by using an ordinary pen and paper. This is possible by the use of a pen-like device that acts as a pen or an eraser as desired. In my opinion, this technology would be a perfect fit for e-collaboration since the users are already adept at using the traditional pen and paper. As such, transferring this knowledge to the usage of the e-paper would be natural as a result of the e-paper’s interface’s close relationship to the traditional pen and paper. The need for an intranet team to pull of e-collaborative efforts In my institute, the resources to support e-collaborative efforts that are available include e-mail, discussion boards, Instant Messaging, and blogs. The major reason for the availability and widespread application of these resources is their low cost and their relative ease of installation and use. If I were to engage in a process of championing the cause for more sufficient e-collaborative tools, I would begin by highlighting the benefits to be reaped from the sufficient application of e-collaborative tools. One of the points that I would stress is that online collaboration leads to the sparking off of good ideas and approaches. The current collaborative tools do not allow profile management hence expertise finding is difficult. I would advocate for this to be included to make the online discussion forums more efficient. I agree with Fichter’s thoughts on “when you need online collaboration tools”. Her list especially rings true on the assertion that online collaboration makes managing project exchanges easier. What I think should be added to this list is: An online collaboration can help members brainstorm on issues and they can also help gauge the mood of the project team about contentious issues o
Introduction Vertical flight is the ability of a plane or a helicopter to fly or land without the need to utilize a runway, these characteristics are vital as they enable air transportation in urban areas without producing much noise. A helicopter is able of taking off and landing vertically, this enables it to take advantage of limited space and also hover around. Vertical flight capabilities allow “pesticide application, access remote areas for environmental work, deliver supplies to workers on remote maritime oil rigs, take photographs, film movies, rescue operations, transport accident victims, and put out fires and military applications”(Hought and Brock 2003, p.6). This paper seeks to understand vertical flight: history, development and the various engines that make it possible. History and developments in vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) In the 1480’s Leonardo da Vinci conceptualized how the first helicopter would be in his drawings. In the 20 th Paul Cournu was the first man to from the ground use a helicopter though only for a few seconds. The Frenchman Cournu and Russian Igor Sikorsky designs faced one single problem “no one had yet devised an engine that could generate enough vertical thrust to lift both the helicopter and any significant load (including passengers) off the ground” (Hought and Brock 2003, p.6). This problem was evaded to some extent by a Hungarian engineer Theodore von Karman whose design could only hover when tethered. Juan de la Cierva made the autogiro which was designed to solve the problem of planes losing engine power and crushing when about to land, he did this by separating the lift and thrust capabilities. Since the plane was driven by ordinary engines landing difficulties were avoided by “the engine being disconnected and the autogiro brought gently to rest by the rotor, which would gradually cease spinning as the machine reached the ground” (Hought and Brock 2003, p.6). This design was advanced by Sikorsky who was able to hover for about 120 minutes. Dr. A.A Griffith in 1941 suggested the how he could use “small lift engines for lift only and not for normal flight” (Kermode 2007, p.7). This was to make an aircraft more effective in its operations. This was the birth of VTOL advanced by “the five important criteria of high thrustweight ratio, low efflux velocity, low fuel consumption and low machinery noise were successfully dealt with” (Kermode 2007, p.7). The Rolls Royce Company built the flying bed stead’ was a double engine plane which “Air bled from the engine compressor was fed to four downward-pointing nozzles which, were used to control in pitch roll and yaw” (Kermode 2007, p.7). The ATAR Volant developed in France was better in design in that “It had an advanced system of auto stabilization and a very neat form of pneumatic deflection of the jet efflux to give control above the horizontal axis” (Kermode 2007, p.7). COLEOPTRE was the first VTOL plane to fly. The Ryan × 13 with its delta engine was the first plane to “make a successful transition from jet born hovering to wing born flight and back to hovering and landing”. The next design was the Bell × 14
I found chapter 7 of Souryal’s Ethics in Criminal Justice to be extremely enlightening and well drafted. Souryal takes the reader through the racial prejudice and racial discrimination issues ranging from the temperament of racism, the fundamental premise of unfairness, the racial biasness and the causes of racial unfairness to ethical practices that criticize prejudice. The chapter on racial prejudice and discrimination based on race acts not only like a strategy of introducing and describing notions in moral values, but in addition incorporates historical and theoretical data as well. As a result, this chapter became much more entertaining to read rather than just recording and describing precepts of the key theories on racism. There are some perceptions that I found not only controversial but in addition, informative in this chapter. One aspect that drew my attention was the findings presented in a three-year research carried out through an extraordinary commission. The report found that New York based judicial systems are plagued by racial discrimination. As stated in the text, the New York judicial system consists of two influential courts; one for white people and an extremely different one for less fortunate and the black. One dis
Introduction This report will highlight the process of brainstorming in our team while implementing the project. Our group had meetings once a week. Every meeting lasted two hours. Choosing a topic At the first meeting, we decided to choose the topic for our project. We started with a discussion of the possible category of the topic which could be interesting for all members of the group. Then we started brainstorming. We wanted to choose the exact topic for our project. For storming we chose one of the most widespread techniques, which was also depicted by Torr (2005): we wrote several initial keywords concerning our project on aboard. Then we started thinking about possible topics and write our ideas down on the board. When we had plenty of variants and no more ideas, we began to choose the right topic. We just crossed out topics that we thought to be inappropriate, too complicated, too simple, too boring. The first meeting was devoted to storming to great extent. Planning time At the next meeting, our group was working on the plan, i.e. we outl
Details of Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives Etisalat Company has a presence in over 15 countries with a customer base of 125 million and a market value of about 23 billion. It operates under different brand names such as Mobily, Canar, Zantel, Thuraya, and Excelcomindo. The company makes contributions to a number of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives. In 2012, the company was involved in more than 35 community initiatives in the form of donations and funding of health, education, community, and charitable events. It has been at the forefront of using green technologies. The main goal of the company is to provide environmentally friendly solutions that aim at minimizing carbon emissions and energy consumption. The company initiated a CSR center in Nigeria. The company initiated Adopt – A – School campaign. It is a private sponsorship program that supports schools in developing infrastructure, training teachers, offering financial support to students, and leadership training. Under this initiative, the company adopted 5 schools. In addition, the company initiated Careers Days and Camp Fire Nights. The aim of this initiative is to guide and support youth in their career life. In addition, the company has also initiated the Career Counseling Program. This initiative is run by employees of the organization. In this initiative, the staff members offer motivational talks on career development to students in various schools. They target the youth. The company came up with a Fight Malaria Initiative to engage the community in combating malaria. Further, it came up with an initiative to combat malnutrition and ensure safe delivery for women. The entity also sponsored the Nigerian Idol which is a reality show in Nigeria. It also came up with a recycling initiative for women to recycle materials to produce environmentally friendly bags. It also introduced the ‘save water save life’ initiative In Egypt. This initiative provides clean water to the communities. Finally, the company organized various sporting initiatives such as cricket besides scholarship schemes. It is evident that in all the countries where the company has an outlet, there are CSR initiatives undertaken by Etisalat. How the initiatives are being implemented Etisalat relies on the partnership with various organizations to execute CRS initiatives. For instance, the company entered into a partnership with the United Nations Global Compact to introduce modern CSR such as cause-based CSR. The company takes part in the humanitarian and sustainable development of various communities. The company also entered into a partnership with institutions such as the Lagos Busi
International organizations such as regal marine are aware that the basis of their success is in the product or service they sell to their customers. With many competitors all over the world, the superiority of an organization’s products is the key to gaining a competitive edge in the market (Pantaleo, & Pal, 2008). Therefore, organizations have recognized the need to provide the best service to their customers for them to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors and thus stay relevant in the market. Regal marine is a luxury boat making company that was established in 1976 in Vermont. The company has had a good reputation as a quality boat maker and this has contributed to its steady growth over the years (Heizer & Render 1996). Regal marine adopts the concept of product lifecycle in its portfolio of products by regularly launching new products into their existing portfolio of over 22 models. However, these models are at varied product lifecycle and this means that new models are regularly introduced as older ones are removed from their production lines due to completion of their lifecycle. Their products’ lifecycle are often divided into four consecutive stages which are: introduction, growth, maturity, and the decline stage. Their products’ lifecycle are at times as short as three and a half years and this is due to the regular changes in the boat market meant to meet the different customer preferences in trends and styles and also to gain competitive advantage. The main source of competitive advantage in the market has always been recognized as the knowledge of consumer needs and the ability to predict future consumer preferences. This is done by reviewing past consumer trends (Harrigan, 2003). For instance, not so long ago, the company introduced the three passenger Rush, which was sold at $11,000. It was a small powerful boat that was a favorite product for water sports especially for water-skiers, but by the year that followed they had to introduce the 20 foot in-board out-boards boat since their competitors were catching up with the Rush. Subsequently, they introduced the redesigned, luxury 42 foot Commodore. Due to the shortness of some of their products’ lifecycle there has always been a need to invest in a consistent flow of new ideas on different designs to maintain their competitive advantage. With these many innovations in the pipeline, their engineers and designers have had to work extra hard to keep up with the tight schedule of releasing new products. The beginning of their product lifecycle involves the designing of new products where contributions from consultants, dealers and their customers are carefully taken into consideration. They have always tailored their products to meet this customer, consultant and dealer preferences and due to these changing preferences in the market, Regal Marine has been forced to speed up its innovation process by soliciting the participation of critical suppliers early in the design stages. This is because the sooner they get their spe
Location of Fieldwork St. Mary’s Hospital For Children The community health population I will be serving children to young adults aged 6 to 18 years old who attend the St. Mary’s Medical Day Program. Vulnerability of the population Children are among the most vulnerable groups because they are dependent on caregivers and cannot care for themselves and their health (World Health Organization, 2003). Additionally, children face higher risks of death or complications from diseases because their immune system is not fully developed (Simon, Hollander, & McMichael, 2015). To protect children’s health, it is essential to reduce disease risk, including infections, through various measures. Community/public health concerns at this site Infection Control: Prevention and control of infectious diseases while at the Medical Daycare. One of the leading health concerns that are evident in daycare settings is infectious diseases. Research shows that children in daycare centers are at a higher risk of contracting infections than those who do not (Hedin, Petersson, Cars, Beckman, & Håkansson, 2006). For instance, daycare centers have been home to outbreaks of Hepatitis A, salmonellosis, rotavirus, and many other diseases caused by bacteria and viruses (Lopez, DiLiberto, & McGuckin, 1988). Hence, adequate infection control is required in such settings. Fieldwork activities related to the focal issue Firstly, it is essential to understand whether or not staffing levels in the center are adequate. Inadequate staffing and a low nurse-to-patient (caregiver-to-child) ratio might obstruct the implementation of infectious control measures. This is because nurses or caregivers working with children will not have enough time to apply prevention while working with children. Secondly, fieldwork activities will focus on assessing the education and competency of nursing staff, parents, and guardians with regards to the use of infection control measures. The assessment will focus on the steps included in St. Mary’s Hospital manuals and guidelines, such as hand hygiene, cough hygiene, hand sanitation using alcohol-based rubs, and standard precautions for medical and childcare procedures. According to Herman (1988) and the National Center on Early Childhood Quality Assurance (NCECQA, 2016), hygiene is among the essential requirements for infectious control in daycare centers. Thus, it is necessary to examine whether nurses, parents, and guardians have enough information to uphold these guidelines. Thirdly, considering the availability and use of personal protective equipment could help to determine the level of compliance with internal policies for infection control. St. Mary’s Healthcare System for Children (2019a; 2019b) has specific guidelines in place for dining, toy cleaning, and other procedures that require the use of gloves, sanitizers, and PPE. For the staff and visitors to comply with these guidelines, PPE kits and other equipment should be readily available at all times. Inadequate ability might indicate a significant barrier to infectious control. Planned quality improvement initiative Leadership initiatives regarding compliance As part of t
Centuries ago, people fought for their lands and other natural resources. No country could stand the invasion of foreigners. Disagreements eventually led to war. Sometimes, the weaker countries did not have the strength or military backups to fight against powerful invasions. Therefore, they lost their land, goods, natural resources, and even more so – their culture hence, the word “colony”. According to the article Regime Type, Preferences, and War in Renaissance Italy , the main idea is the democratic peace through an empirical analysis of Renaissance Italy. (Sobek 208). The wars of old were among the wars that were hailed as being among the most prolific and devastating wars in the world’s history of military and political conflict. For instance, Italian wars in Renaissance Italy mostly saw the mobilization of more than 70 million military personnel, 60 million of whom came from Europe and the total loss of human life hit a staggering 15 million high with distraught annihilation of the then major world economies and countries’ infrastructure (Chickering 32). It is appreciable though that the main cause of Great Wars has actually not been satisfactorily narrowed down to any one factor but rather it has been associated with a string of inherent animosities among European states that culminated into a domino-effect of some sort when the wars began (Sobek 220). The bad state international relations in the twilight of the 16 th century were carried into the 17 th century where major European powers had been striving to maintain a balance of power throughout Europe. European countries had been arming themselves for self defense as it was becoming increasingly apparent war was likely to break at any time. This balancing of power necessitated creation of complex networks of political and military alliances throughout Europe since no one country enjoyed the privilege of military supremacy. These alliances refined themselves such that in 1607 there were two distinct hostile military alliances: the Triple Alliance comprising of Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary; and the
Wikis: An Overview A wiki refers to “Web site that enables users to add new content or amend existing content” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006, p.2). The moment one posts on a wiki, all the users are then in a position to make their contributions by either adding or correcting the original document (Parker & Chao, 2007). The users do not have to get permission from the author of the work or the administrator since each and every person is given a power to make contributions. The “Windows Share Point Services 3.0 provides history and version management, so that no original thinking is lost” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006, p.3). The wiki community undertakes the management of change and makes sure that there is accuracy as well as relevance. The difference between the wikis and blogs lies in “shared-document collaboration element” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006,p.3). The original author gives up ownership of the content he or she provides the moment the work is published. Authors have no need for writing HTML for the reason that the content “appears in a basic editor interface that enables anyone with basic keyboard skills to add, amend, reorganize, or delete information” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006, p.3). The wiki software, which is more advanced, makes it possible to have advanced editing and this may include “HTML tags, support for rich text fonts and graphics” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006). This implies that there is a high speed collaborative development. Originally, the wikis were utilized by the developers as well as researchers in order to develop ideas rapidly (Educause, 2004). However, today, the use of wikis has “extended to project managers and others in more traditional business disciplines” (Microsoft Corporation, 2006, p. 3). Wiki History The initial creation of Wikis was undertaken in the year 1995 by Ward Cunningham. This researcher conceived the Wikis as a swift way of creating and sharing ideas when one is working. The initial Wiki was referred to as the “Portland Pattern Repository
A vision can be loosely defined as the detailed mental image of things to come. Possessing a vision is paramount for any organization since it gives a sense of purpose and meaning to the organization members. As such, it is imperative that in any setting there be a leader who comes up with a future plan and then steer his followers towards its achievement. This paper sets out to emphasize the importance of not only having a vision but also effectively communicating the same to the followers for the good of the organization. Visions are often formulated by an individual or a group of people towards a specific purpose. As such, the visions may be highly personalized and may not necessarily conform to the desires of the majority. As a leader, it is important to communicate such visions to the followers and convince them as to the need to embark on the proposals since it is the followers who will determine the success of the vision (Gill, 2006). This will act as a source of motivation and morale in their day to day activities. Communication of a vision is a key step in establishing the character of the leader to the followers. The traits a leader posses determines the level of cooperation they receive from their followers Communicating a vision to the followers gives them a glimpse of what to expect from you as a leader and they judge you by the principles that govern your actions (Cartwright & Baldwin, 2007). Personal character traits such as self confidence, honesty and trust can only be seen through their actions and ability to communicate with others. According to Palmer (2008) sharing a vision of the future reassures the followers of better days ahead. In addition to this, it provides meaning and a sense of belong to the followers and other stakeholders as they deem themselves as part of something greater. A shared vision inspires and motivates them to aim higher and employ extra effort so as to actualize the vision and make a significant difference in their own capacities. This in turn acts as a unifying factor and creates a sense of community between them. In addition to this, communic