ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Ongoing education is of supreme importance to healthcare professionals, including nurses, and it is particularly effective if it corresponds to their learning needs (Dyson, Hedgecock, Tomkins, & Cooke, 2009). The present portfolio contains the materials that are relevant to an educational program that satisfies the specific needs of the Emergency Unit nurses from the King Saud General Hospital in Alqassem City which were determined through a needs assessment. The needs include the topics of Drug Calculation, IV Therapy Pump, and Medication Errors. The aims of the program consist of refreshing and extending the nurses’ knowledge and skills in the fields of the three chosen topics and improving their confidence with relation to their abilities in the areas. Concerning the objectives, by the end of the program, the nurses will be able to:   * Demonstrate an extensive knowledge of the theory that is related to the three topics.       + Demonstrate the knowledge of the mathematical and practical aspects of drug calculation.       + Recount the principles of safe practice in IV therapy pump use.       + Name the types of medication errors and connect the knowledge to their personal experience.       + Name the strategies that are aimed at the reduction of the incidence of medication errors.   * Be able to relate the theory to their personal practice and demonstrate expert skills in the application of the theory.       + Demonstrate expert calculation skills.       + Expertly apply IV therapy pump.   * Report increased understanding or knowledge of the topics as well as improved confidence with respect to their abilities in the area. The present portfolio contains a discussion of the program (including a synopsis as well as an exemplary in-depth content, costs and resources description of one session, the aims and objectives of all the sessions, the evaluation strategy for the sessions and the program as well as the evaluation tool) and a reflection on the process of the program development. Also, the discussion mentions the theoretical perspectives on teaching that have affected the program as well as the results of the previously conducted needs assessment that specifies the learning preferences of the nurses. Finally, a conclusion is included in the portfolio to summarize the discussion and the reflection and condense the lessons learned that are documented in the portfolio. Discussion Synopsis of the Program The present education program is designed specifically to fit the educational needs of the Emergency Unit nurses who work at the King Saud General Hospital in Alqassem City. The Unit has 22 nurses aged 24-46 years with their experience ranging from two to nine years of working at an emergency department (including those who have had some experience outside of the King Saud General Hospital). As a result
Introduction With the complex nature of the energy industry, companies are challenged by developing business models that will address the issues of sustainability and digitalization. According to Al-Debei and Avison, a business model refers to the abstract representation of a company developed by organizational management to dictate the present and future operations and address the needs, goals, and objectives of the business (360). A traditional business model is divided into such components as lay activities, value proposition, customer relationships, customers, revenue channels, key resources, costs, and key partners. Business Model Challenges: Energy Industry Energy providers have been challenged to reconsider their business models due to issues arising in the areas of sustainability and digitalization. Concerns for the environment fueled by the financial dependence on fossil fuels and its limited reserves as well as the need for sustainable economic development and population growth shape the current energy landscape (Hall and Roelich 286). In terms of the challenge of digitalization, energy companies must recognize that many consumers are becoming producers of energy through the use of technologies like rooftop solar. Some customers have made a shift to supporting energy with specific attributes such as zero carbon emissions from smaller private energy service companies that offer certificates of renewable energy. Overall, customers are starting to rely less on traditional energy providers, which has an impact on the shaping of the traditional business model (Hall and Roelich 289). For instance, “global investment in digital electricity infrastructure and software has grown by over 20% annually since 2014, reaching $47 billion in 2016” (IEA). New entrants to the energy market that have offered customers both sustainable and technologically advanced solutions are also challenging the current energy industry. For example, Arcadia Power, a private energy service company, offers a clean energy program that gives consumers who cannot access solar farms to invest in solar renewable energy certificates. In this way, the company has managed to eliminate the reliance of customers on utilities, lea
Executive summary The dynamism of technology has forced businesses to go an extra mile in terms of services provision to their clients. Consumers appreciate services that are appealing and convenient to acquire. For this reason, consumers select businesses that are trendy and prosperous in the market. ClothesHome intends to offer unique products using qualitative and quantitative mechanisms attractive to consumers. The targeted population is the youths since they desire clothes and products that are recognizable nationally but unavailable in the local markets. There exist multiple differences between ClothesHome website and other rivals websites in that the company focuses on consumers within small towns in the cities. Through this initiative, the company will have contact relationship with their consumers and offer customized services. The targeted consumers are aged 16-24, who are involved in physical activities like music and sports. In this regard, teens’ music needs are diverse, which demands a wide variety of clothes and products to substantiate their objectives. On the other hand, some of the common sports participated by these consumers include basketball and skating. Consequently, ClothesHome will utilize the various sites visited by a majority of the youths to advertise its products. Since this is a vital concept that should be nurtured to yield the returns, most financial providers will be willing to offer finances to the company. Mission ClothesHome’s mission is to offer the best and trendy clothes and products for the youths in small towns using the internet to reduce operation costs. We endure to attract and retain customers through the provision of services that exceed their expectations. Keys to success The company’s keys to successes include:   * Provision of services that meet consumers’ needs   * Effective and continuous marketing   * User friendly and trendy website   * Enhancement of product quality Company summary The goal of ClothesHome Company is to become the leading e-commerce company in terms of sales and provision of high quality clothes and services. The company will create an effective service delivery mechanism, which will ensure effective delivery of products to consumers. In addition, the company will develop means to boost the marketing campaign through both online and offline methods. Jack Johnson and Michael Brown are the co-owners of the company. The co-owners have estimated the whole costs needed to establish the company through analysis of inventory, marketing and establishment of website costs. Through this analysis, they have identified the start-up funds will be sourced from owners and long-term business loans. Products ClothesHome will provide their consumers with clothing and other related products that meet their age group needs. Some of the products offered
Facts of the Case Kenneth Lay, an economist, and former undersecretary formed Enron in 1985 by merging two natural gas companies. Lay borrowed to expand the business and after two years the debt was 75 percent of the firm’s total value. In 1989, Jeffery Skilling was hired as head of Enron’s finance department. Until then, the US government had policies that kept the energy prices fixed. But such regulations were lifted by the time Skilling was hired. With this new policy, energy prices experienced wide fluctuations. Skilling started making contracts with buyers and sellers setting prices fixed over the term of the contract. Enron soon became highly profitable in the energy-trading business. Skilling got the company to diversify in trading and Enron entered into contracts for a wide range of 180 commodities. In this process, they borrowed extensively. In 1990, Skilling hired a financial analyst Andrew Fastow. The two persuaded US Securities and Exchange Commission to allow them to use the ‘market to market’ method for valuing their contracts. This allowed the company to show a high value of contracts and profits overselling them. Enron management did not want to report the huge debt that it had gathered during diversification on its financial statements. To tackle this, Fastow created “special purpose entities”, a treatment allowed under accounting rules, to exclude the debt from Enron’s financial statements. These entities borrowed independently and paid to Enron which was reported as sales revenue. Meanwhile, the external auditor Arthur Andersen continued to certify the financial statements as accurate. In the second half of 2001, Enron’s stock price began to decline. Sherron Watkins, the then vice president of the company, wrote a letter to Kenneth Lay, bringing up the issue of accounting practices of the firm. Lay announce publicly it was safe to invest in the company and that the future growth was very certain, but he and other executives began to sell their stock. In October 2001 SEC announced the investigation of Enron’s special purpose entities, Fastow was fired then. Stock prices fell to $1 a share as Enron filed for bankruptcy in November. In February 2002, Watkins publicly disclosed information about Enron’s accounting practices. Meanwhile, Arthur Andersen’s accounting firm was convicted of obstruction of justice and forced to cease operations. Moral Issues raised by the Case Systematic Issues First systematic issue that arises is the question of whether the SEC should have or not intervened in the matter when the company’s debt was soaring 75% of the total value. SEC is there to guard to rights of shareholders. Should SEC leave the corporations on their own to borrow extensively and put the stakeholders at risk without their decision? This is a question that is still asked after Enron’s debacle. Secondly, the question must be raised about the morality and significance of the government’s decision to deregulate the energy industry. The government lifted a ‘protection’ that was in form of fixed
The five main special forces of the American army There are five main Special Forces in the American army operating under the U.S. Special Operations Command USSOCOM. They include the Seal Team Six, The1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta, the 160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment, the 24th Special Tactics Squadron, and the Intelligence Support Activity. The Seal Team Six is one of the most specialized units in the United States military. This unit is among the 8 units of the Navy SEALs and it is also known as the ‘rainbow’ (Combs, 2003). The unit was responsible for the operation that led to the death of Osama Bin Laden. This is the only unit in the United States military that performs off-the-grid assignments commonly known as black operations. The unit is normally under the Joint Special Operations Command and under the command of the president (Combs, 2003). Primary roles of the units Seal Team Six’s primary missions include, counter terrorism, close protection, and special reconnaissance (Combs, 2003). The unit is mainly involved in operations in Afghanistan. Its commandos are proficient in pre-emptive CT operations (Combs, 2003). The unit also provides security for the elite and political VIPs. In addition, it provides Intelligence Services and Surveillance for the elite and political leaders using highly specialized techniques. The 1 st Special Forces Operational Detachment also known as Delta is the second best special unit in the US military. This unit is not as famous as the SEALs but in direct action missions it stands out as the best. It was formed in the early 70s and ever since, the unit has been very instrumental in fighting global terror networks (Combs, 2003). The unit’s composition is very secretive and highly guarded since its existence is held as a top government secret. The 160 th special operations aviation regiment is a group of elite pilots who are highly trained to fly commandos to their destinations. This unit consists of highly trained pilots and air crew commonly known as the Nightstalkers (Combs, 2003). The unit was formed in the 80s and it has been very instrumental in the fight against terrorism in the Middle East. The 24 th special tactics squadron provides support to the delta and the seals in air operations. The unit consists of highly specialized airmen and combat control technicians as well as Pararescue jumpers (Combs, 2003). Lastly, the US army has a special unit that provides intelligence support to the
The Holocaust in the history of Jewish people, as well as Japanese occupation in the history of Korean people, was one of the greatest tragedies. Though these inhuman crimes against the Jewish and Korean nations became possible because of the chaos of World War II, no ideology could justify them. At the same time, the end of the war concurs with the end of the occupation. Therefore, the tragedies of the two nations should be viewed in the context of military events. The murders and tortures of millions of people during the holocaust of 1939 – 1945 and the Japanese occupation of Korea during 1910 – 1945 should become historical lessons to mankind. The Holocaust, which is usually referred to as the mass murder of six million European Jews from 1939 – 1945, as well as the Japanese occupation of Korea, during 1910 – 1945, is recognized as inhuman crimes against the Jewish and Korean people respectively. The ban on national cultures, imprisonment, slave-like labor, tortures, and assassination of citizens, including women and children, cannot be justified for any political reasons. The Nazis, who were led by Adolf Hitler, used their ideology based on myths and even hallucinations of their leader and his counterparts to explain the reasons for which millions of people had to be kept under dangerous conditions in concentration camps and die from diseases, starvation or tortures. Preoccupied with the idea of the Aryan quest, according to which Germans proclaimed themselves as a supreme nation, the Nazis had an illusion about the Jewish international conspiracy. For this reason, the Nazis’ attitude towards Jews is referred to as ‘Jewophobia’ (Longerich 27). Similarly to the mass murders of European Jews, Korean citizens suffered during the Japanese occupation. Although the main goal of Japan was to expand the sphere of influence and make Korea a colony, the rule of Japan was extremely harsh ( Imperialism, War, and Revolution in East Asia ). The Japanese authorities ruled through the military, crushed all Korean protests, forced Korean citizens to participate in the military actions of World War II on the side of Japan. Japan prohibited Koreans to maintain their national culture. The teaching of the Korean language, history, and geography at schools was banned. Japanese confiscated and burned Korean historical documents and school textbooks. Koreans were even forced to change their names for Japanese names. Moreover, there is evidence that about 80 percent of Koreans complied with these policies of changing their names ( Imperialism, War, and Revolution in East Asia ). However, despite this unreasonable and unjustifiable oppression of Korean people during the Japanese occupation, the mass assassination of millions of European Jews did not leave room for discussion of cultural aspects. The tragedies of Jewish and Korean people during German and Japanese occupation cannot be justified with certain ideologies or political strategies. One of the most influential factors, which made mass assassination and cultural oppression of Jewish and Korean people possible, was the chaos before and during World War II. After th
Abstract In the world of nowadays the causes of financial crises are carefully studied and analysed by thousands of experts all around the world, yet as well as countries, large business organisations tend to go into crises from time to time. This paper is focused on studying the case of a corporation called Nortel, which was a major Canadian telecommunication company. In the end of 1990s and the beginning of 2000s it went through impressive success and turned into a business giant and every business maker’s role model. Yet, a couple years later Nortel’s value decreased massively and the company suffered a huge meltdown. The analysis of Nortel’s business processes revealed a series of frauds directed at the disguise of its poor performance. This phenomenon occurred because the company’s managers who happened to be at risk due to the decreasing stock options of Nortel tried to protect their own welfare and hide the fact of failure from the shareholders. This paper is focused at the examination of the issues of Nortel from the perspective of ethics. First of all, the factors that contributed to the downfall of the company will be listed and described. Then, the paper will elaborate of what mechanisms are to be there to prevent risks of Nortel. After that, the meltdown of Nortel will be presented as the failure of people, but not of capital market processes and the repetitive nature of this big fail will be explored. Finally, a number of remedies helping to avoid Nortel’s mistakes will be prioritised. In the contemporary world there is a variety of large and rather rich corporations that widely are viewed as examples of ultimate success business strategy. Huge companies that manage to stimulate the growth of their capitals and revenue within several years and expand their businesses becoming highly influential and recognised as brands are every business maker’s role models. Their tactics and paths towards success are carefully studied, followed and copied. At the same time, the majority of the large and influential brands regularly go through big downfalls and stop being as important or seize to exist whatsoever every fifteen years. Statistically, the list of most frequently used brands changes completely within a couple of decades; at least forty per cent of the companies that used to be at the Fortune 500 top in 2000s were not there anymore ten years later (SAP, 2013). This paper is focused on the case study of Nortel, the Canadian telecommunication giant of the end of 1990s and the beginning of 2000s, and its steep rise and fall. It will discuss the factors that contributed to the rise and fall of Nortel from the ethical perspective, mechanisms that align managers with the stakeholders, the nature of this failure and remedies for it. From an ethical perspective, describe the factors that contributed to the rise and fall of Nortel Generally, there are four main factors that are viewed as the main contributing influences that may have caused the meltdown of Nortel. The first factor is the company’s board of directors a
Synopsis City on the Edge: The transformation of Miami authored by Alejandro Portes and Alex Stepick sets out to study the trends of urban settlement in Miami, and to review the role played by Cuban immigrants in stimulating economic, social and political change in the region. The two authors study-other than the widely accepted trends in urban settlements- the effects of political immigration, and how these particular immigrants differ from other immigrants. How the Cubans Came to be Cubans have been present in the United States as a minority group for over a century. The first major immigration occurred in the 1880s because of Cuba’s production of Cigars. The next major wave of immigrants came into America between 1959 and 1962 during Fidel Castro’s communist regime. They were referred to as the ‘Golden exiles’ because they were mostly professionals and educated people who wanted to get away from Castro’s oppressive regime (Portes & stepick 103). The next major wave of immigrants from Cuba came into the country in 1980 during the Mariel boatlifts. This was after some Cubans sought refuge at the Hungarian embassy; president Castro’s reaction was to admonish whoever wanted to leave to go ahead and do so. These immigrants did not receive such a warm welcome. It was acknowledged that there were those with criminal backgrounds amongst them. The number of immigrants in these group totaled two hundred and fifty thousand and over eighty per cent of them settled in Dade County, Miami (Portes & stepick 58). A Paradigm Shift Though Cubans, blacks and the majority whites had been present in Miami for a long time, it was in 1980 that the scene really began to change in Miami. There was a confluence of factors that seemed to happen at the same time, such as the Mariel boatlifts that brought in the third wave of Cuban asylum seekers, and the protest by the black community of the gunning down of one of their own by police officers (Portes & stepick 27). The campaigns by the whites to reinforce against the Mariel boatlift instead of intimidating the Cubans actually did the opposite; the Cubans rose up to take part more actively in local politics, so that their voice could be heard and their interests could be represented (Portes & stepick 30). A good indicator of the collapse of white dominance in the area as pointed out by Portes and Stepick was the change in stance of the ‘Miami Herald’, a publication that had previously been strongly against the immigration of Cubans. After the anglo-protest of 1980, and the subsequent clearing out of this group, the Cubans attacked the publication as being partisan (Portes & stepick 23). Implications of City on the Edge The demographic changes witnessed in Miami over the past five decades have presented a unique