ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction This paper will provide an overview of the Kroger Company. The first part of the paper will provide the basic information about the company such as its mission, vision, and values. The second part will highlight the company’s business strategies that enable it to achieve its objectives. The last part will shed light on the workforce planning approach used by the Kroger Company. Company Profile Mission, vision, values Kroger is one of the largest grocery retailers in the US. The company sells a variety of food products in 2,640 stores worldwide (Kroger, 2014). Kroger’s vision is to be the preferred provider of high quality grocery and personal care products in the world. In order to achieve this vision, the company has focused on expanding its operations by joining new markets and aligning its products to customers’ needs. The company’s mission is “to be a leader in the distribution and merchandising of food, pharmacy, health/ personal care items, seasonal merchandise, and related products” (Kroger, 2014). This mission enables the company to establish long-term relationships with its suppliers and customers in order to achieve its vision. The company’s core values include honesty, integrity, respect, diversity, safety, and inclusion (Kroger, 2014). Kroger’s employees believe in being truthful to customers and suppliers to ensure high standards of integrity. In addition, they demonstrate respect by appreciating other people’s values, cultures, and beliefs. Demographics Kroger’s workforce consists of nearly 375,000 full-time and part-time employees (Kroger, 2014). Majority of the employees are members of international labor unions. Diversity is an important characteristic of the company’s labor force. Specifically, the workforce consists of old and young employees who are from different cultures, ethnic, and racial backgrounds. Organization Kroger operates supermarkets, convenience stores, and jewelry stores. The supermarkets have different formats, which include combination stores, price impact stores, and multi-department stores (Kroger, 2014). The use of different store formats helps the company to retain its customers by enhancing their shopping experience. Kroger uses a decentralized organizational structure that consists of its headquarters and 20 operating divisions. This structure enhances decision-making processes by giving authority to the heads of the operating divisions to make merchandising decisions. Key Strategies Kroger’s business strategy is to maintain cost leadership while generating good financial returns. However, Kroger’s prices are often not as low as those of major retailers such as Wal-Mart. Kroger focuses on reducing its operating costs in order to sell its merch
Introduction and Background The link between Islamic art and religion has been brought out clearly in the 3-part DVD series The Glories of Islamic Art . The movie attempts to expound how Islamic movements led major players such as Sinian in the field of art. In addition, it develops a memorable aesthetic heritage that has withstood the test of time and events. The stunning film also depicts major milestones that have been achieved through the instrument of Islamic faith. Although faith and art have been interlinked throughout the various themes in the movie, it is profound to note that the two aspects are quite distinct to some extent. Some of the groundbreaking themes explored in the 3-part DVD series include Ottomans of Istanbul, Sunni Mamluks of Cairo, Shi’ite Fatimids and Umayyads of Damascus. They all existed between the 9 th and 16 th centuries. The Citadel of Cairo was also an outstanding feature of Islamic art during this period of time. A wide array of audience is capable of simulating the contents of the 3-part DVD series due to the compelling storytelling approach and unsurpassed beauty adopted throughout the film. In addition, Christianity, Judaism and Islam have been correlated in the movie by Akbar Ahmed in terms of shared values and trust. From the movie, it is evident that between 1250 and 1517, both Syria and Egypt were ruled by the Mamluks before the Ottomans overpowered them due to military might (Yalman 96). Nonetheless, the Islamic society of Egypt was still dominated by the Mamluks even after being overthrown by the Ottomans. Some historical records also indicate that their presence in Egypt was eminent as early as the 9 th century. During their rule, they managed to secure Egypt and Syria by crashing down the influence of both the Mongols and Kingdoms of Outremer. By the onset of the middle Ages, the Mamluks had already converted Cairo into a pure city of Islamic influence. In course of the same period of time, scholarship, architecture, craftsmanship and unlettered soldier-stateman’s rule flourished. It is against this backdrop that this paper takes an incisive look at the Islamic art that was developed by the Mamluks of Cairo with cross reference to the movie The Glories of Islamic Art . Between 1250 and 1260, the kingdom of Ayyubid was outwitted in Syria and Egypt due to the dominance of Mamluk Sultanate. By this time, slave trade was the main source of revenue and manpower for the Ayyubid sultans. The governing class also incorporated some slaves who were deemed to be fit enough to lead. Hence, family succession was not the only political leadership system in place. The Ayyubid strongholds that had been left around Mediterranean region were finally inherited by the Mamluks. Due to the strong influence of the latter, a very powerful Islamic empire
NASA’s Use of CRM and Its Possible Deficiencies NASA has been using the principles of Continuous Risk Management (CRM) extensively due to the flexibility that they offer. Particularly, the opportunities for extending the project life cycle need to be mentioned as the primary reason for the organization to deploy the identified approach: “Since their introduction and until recently, NASA RM processes have been based on CRM, which stresses the management of risk during the Implementation phase of the NASA Program/Project Life Cycle” (NASA, 2011, p. xv). The incorporation of the CRM into the organizational framework allows coordinating the essential procedures, with a close supervision of the factors that have the greatest effect on the core processes. The company has created a set of performance commitments that helps it improve the quality of the staff’s performance and make sure that the essential tasks are completed in a timely and efficient manner. Furthermore, the organization has introduced the concept of risk tolerance into its operational design so that the crucial processes could be carried out on a risk-normalized basis: “In this way, stakeholders and decision-makers can deliberate the performance differences between alternatives at common levels of risk, instead of having to choose between complex combinations of performance and risk” (NASA, 2011, p. 12). Thus, a solid foundation for the decision-making process is created. Four Areas of Risk Management: NASA’s Perspective In order to address the identified risks successfully, one must map their areas carefully so that the path to continuous RM could be created. Furthermore, quantifying the threats that the project is facing should be viewed as a necessary step toward facilitating safety: “We prefer to use quantitative scales because they are straightforward in generating numbers, especially if you have been successful in calculating or translating all of your impacts to a single quantity” (Smith & Merritt, 2002, p. 89). Therefore, locating the areas of potential risk management strategies is a crucial step toward mitigating the dangers. At NASA, four areas are typically defined. According to the organization’s statement, these four aspects include “time to completion, project cost, data volume, and planetary contamination” (NASA, 2011, p. 77). Although the idea of narrowing the number of areas to be included in the design of a risk management strategy may affect the success of the process, it helps organize the procedure. As a result, the outcomes of the RM turn out to be quite positive. Meeting the goals that were set sat the beginning of the project, the tools used by the organization create prerequisites for a detailed analysis of the key factors and the further mitigation of the threats. RM/RIDM and CRM: Defini
Introduction The topic under consideration is Canada’s possible involvement perspectives in the global governing committee. Since the tumultuous crisis impacted the Canadian government defeat, the new elections are about to strike the country with new historical turns. The two leading parties after having deposed their leaders are getting prepared for new political life in the country. As the new Prime Minister is about to be elected to make the country’s governance more efficient and prosperous, the two memoranda for the Liberal and Conservative parties are outlined below for you to read and get aware of the primary prospects of political improvements towards the global governing. Since the world theme nowadays is the creation of common economic space (CES), the primary question that is raised within many nations and countries all over the world is who is going to be the leader of this governance. Indeed, global governance needs the steering committee desperately. So, let’s overlook Canada’s potential at the world’s stage within this issue from the perspective of the Liberal and the Conservative parties’ policies. Memorandum I The main task of the Liberal party of Canada has always been international leadership. The reason for that is a strong belief that through such cooperation with the world’s economies, Canada will be able to reach its utmost security in terms of economic issues and also contribute to global governance. To: Prime Minister From: The Liberal Party Date: December 6, 2010 Under the Global Network Strategy the Liberal Party of Canada can present various capabilities the values for the global cooperation:  1. The Liberal government is going to present a mutually beneficial agreement with China and India to reach the highest possible seniority in terms of forming long-term and economically stable relationships.  2. There are intentions to renovate the relationships with the United States and Mexico to work together as a powerful alliance.  3. For advancing the interplay of social and economic (along with environmental) issues Liberals should negotiate an agreement on the Arctic.  4. In opposition to the current power o Canada, Liberals’ purpose is to build a transparent and efficient government in Africa and start investment.  5. Hence, it will possible to work on the plan of helping developing countries and subsequently get included in the United Nations Peace Operations which will enable the Canadian military to show professionalism across the world.  6. Equaling women in third world countries is an overarching priority.  7. Use Canadian capabilities in higher education and culture to encourage trade through the implementation of the Branding Canada initiative.  8. L
Language is a very critical part of the cultures of different people around the world. It helps them identify with each other and demonstrate the importance of their cultures. Different groups of people also take advantage of language to show the superiority of their cultures and discriminate against other groups of people. Many people wonder how language plays this role. This paper describes the relationship between language and different ways of life. This work discusses the gay culture, the use of a marked language among some white men, the relationship between language and the Nerdish culture in high schools and the impact of language on racism. Which language do homosexuals use when talking to each other? This question always disturbs many linguistic anthropologists. They always want to discover how homosexuals use words and intonation to suit their needs. The majority of homosexuals do not use a marked language when talking to their colleagues (Gaudion 33). Why should people think that homosexuals need a special language? Homosexuality is a culture that brings together people with certain sexual feelings, and many people believe that men who practice it adopt all the feminine linguistic properties (Gaudion 35). However, the relationship between homosexuality and speech is very negligible. Homosexuals use language just as every person does. However, there are some elements of the African-American accent in their language. Some of the individuals deliberately use this accent to identify themselves with their colleagues and the homosexual culture (Gaudion 36). Language has also largely contributed to the prevalence of racism. How does language contribute to racism? Dick and Wirtz argue that some white people have “racialized” all the words in their speeches (7). They have made their languages discriminative through the use of words that demean some races. In the United States of America, the African-Americans and Latino-Americans are always the main victims of racist languages. These two groups have gone through many problems in the history of America. Some White American men take advantage of the suffering their black counterparts experienced during the slavery period to abuse them. They call them Niggas, a term the African-Americans consider very harsh to use in reference to them because it reminds them of the problems they experienced in the 19t
Background The ability to identify internal issues affecting a slum area forms the basis for devising effective development and environmental models. Over the years, the growth of slums in many nations across the world has turned out to be a major problem that is strongly rooted in leadership, institutions and administrative structures. In New Delhi, there is a population of up to 18 million. However, about 52% of its total population lives in slums (Heikens 2009, p. 281). Reports from the World Bank indicate that this population lives in unplanned areas, deplorable conditions with no proper disposal sites, transportation systems, electricity and water (Heikens 2009, p. 281). Aar and Claudio (2007, p. 315) cite that though living in slums has largely been associated with lack of enough resources, institutional setup and leadership of a nation are also major contributing factors that have accelerated slum development. This paper evaluates New Delhi slums and the internal issues affecting this settlement. New Delhi slums New Delhi slum has been considered among the largest slums across the globe. Its development is believed to have sprung over 40 years ago due to the state of poverty among immigrants who could not buy land or afford the cost of housing in the city (Heikens 2009, p. 281). The group then settled along the Yamuna Riverbed on both sides. A string of shanty towns began developing faster as additional jhuggi clusters came to this area. It is worth noting that currently, New Delhi city hosts over 18 million people with the slum bearing about 10 million people (Heikens 2009, p. 281). Internal issues The growth of massive slum dwelling areas similar to the Yamuna Pushta in Delhi in spite of the developments in the adjacent city must be viewed as a factor attached to leadership and its application in the community. Several nations experiencing similar growth of slum colonies with lack of water, electricity, transport systems and waste disposal areas appear to share a common factor namely poor leadership. Kaprov and Kaprov (2009, p. 234) cite that a nation where slum growth is attributed to poor leadership reflects the lack of proper leadership that has the ability to effectively prioritize essential and basic aspects and create ego-centric models. Current and debilitating issues affecting the populations living in New
The film Attack the Gas Station! is an excellent representation of South Korean cinema at the end of the 20 th century, portraying a rapidly changing time for the society. The film represents a cultural shift in South Korea as well as the chaos that was ongoing in society and people’s personal lives as contemporary values began to collide with traditional aspects of the country’s heritage. This time in South Korea’s history represented the liberation of artistic and creative freedom that could be used as a medium of social criticism. The stylistic elements of the film are much bolder, ambitious, and controversial (influenced by pop genres of Western cinema) than most films following traditional formats to the date of the release, making this film a cornerstone for new beginnings in Korean cinematography. The film provides numerous instances of social commentary. Despite the protagonists committing a crime, the film helps to sympathize with the youth. Their life and dreams were broken by social and familial pressures, resulting in the rebellious behavior. The critical question of “why are they robbing the gas station?” and the sarcastic response that follows, “just because” are indicators of the film’s tone. The young people engage in such behavior due to supposed boredom. However, based on subtle hints throughout the film, it is obvious that unemployment, economic turmoil, and class division are ravaging South Korean society. The audience realizes, after being presented with the personal stories of the protagonists, that the youth probably has little opportunity for work or education in the current setting of the film. Socio-economic devastation portrayed in the film is an accurate reflection of desperation that South Korea faced in the midst of the IMF crisis. As government controls were relaxed, foreign products and influences began to flow into the country in the form of cars, electronics, and even soft drinks which diverted profits from domestic products. An interesting scene in the film occurs when a gang member drinks a can of Pepsi thinking it is a Korean soft beverage since the logo is similar to the national flag. This is a subtle reference to the influences of foreign economic imperialism which has permeated Korean society to the point of becoming a part of national identity. However, it can be argued that it symbolized the elimination of national identity since the young man only selected the drink due to a distant resemblance, which suggests an overall lack of education or social understanding about the cultu
Introduction In “Women in Trade Unions in India,” Ratnam and Jain states women in India suffer from occupational segregation. This has many implications such as the inability of the women in India to have access to the same job opportunities made available for men. In terms of economic well-being this is also very problematic because there is less opportunity to change their current situation. In other words a poor woman in India can find it extremely difficult to break the cycle of poverty. Main Body There are two ways to demonstrate the validity of this assertion. The first one is to examine the fact that “less than 8 percent of the 380 million workforce in India are unionized and women account for a very small fraction of trade union membership” (Ratnam & Jain, 2002, p.277). It must also be considered that there is only one national trade union center in all of India that allowed women to lead (Ratnam & Jain, 2002, p.278). Finally, the most convincing evidence is the fact that women are “predominantly engaged in informal or unorganized sector activities where wages and working conditions are inferior, largely unsecured and mostly devoid of social security benefits” (Ratnam & Jain, 2002, p.280). There is a need for the government to change the current situation. Conclusion There is a way to deal with the blatant occupational segregation in India where there is a biased against women. The first thing to do is to identify the sexual division of labor. Secondly, there is a need to increase the number of women that are part of a trade union. Thirdly, there is a need to increase the number of women working in formal and organized sectors. Finally, it is important to increase the number of women leaders in trade unions.
Historically speaking, America has always been a country of affluence and excess. That is why when the country finds its economic stability threatened, it enters a tailspin that results in economic losses for the country and its population that also causes a ripple effect in the international community. These kinds of effects, which we are seeing now, were first seen and experienced by the nation way back in 1929, the era of the Great American Depression. The Great Depression was more than a state of mind for the people back then. It had long-reaching psychological and physical effects on most people due to their sudden lack of ability to provide for the most basic necessities such as food, shelter, and clothes. Oftentimes, they blamed themselves for their sorry state of life without realizing those bad economic decisions and political motivations of the government they elected to protect them actually caused their social situation. Nobody was spared from the depression. Together with the stock market crash, the upper crust of society found themselves without the financial ability to continue their lavish lifestyles dictated by the affluence of the era. Those who were unemployed believed that it was their fault they did not have a job. These were the people whose psyches were affected. Their self-blame and doubt spread across the lower tier of society until it became so widespread that it took the New Deal Era of governance to reverse the mindset. This was the program that opened the eyes of the people to the fact that the depression era did not affect just the low bracket of society and that if they were to overcome it, all sectors of society had to work together. The Depression Era actually affected the international community as a whole. The world was changing and developing at a fast pace but the salary brackets of workers across the world did not compensate nor keep up with the growing world population. In Germany for instance, the nation struggled to afford the cost if World War I reparation and peace settlements. People were looking for somebody to blame for their hardships in life. Refusing to accept the truth that they caused the predicament they now found themselves in. Countries like Britain and Europe took longer to feel the effects of the economic turmoil because of their political power setup. Britain was already suffering from a huge unemployment rate but because they had unemployment insurance and welfare, the jobless were somehow shielded from the effects of the depression. France on the other hand barely felt the effects because of their less industrialized status as a country. The stock market crash of 1929 was caused by the greediness of people who borrowed heavily from others in order to play the stock market. Stock prices were at their peak and the market seemed to be the best bet in terms of investments. By 1929, the market bubble had burst and the stocks lost at least 80% of their value. People were left fee