ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Traditionally defined as “special kind of a social relationship” (Fairholm, 2009, p. 5), power can be applied to practically any field and alter it significantly. The concept of political power, in its turn, is typically rendered as the hierarchy of the people exercising and producing it (Chaplin, 2009, p. 43). The very essence of political power, as well as its nature, however, is yet to be identified, as “its proper definition remains a matter of controversy” (Baldwin, 2013). It could be argued that power in general and political power in particular exists in every single domain that people control (Chaplin, 2009, p. 44). In nursing, power is viewed as the access to “intertwined resources such as wealth, education, political influence and economics” (Daly, Speedy & Jackson, 2014). The specified definition embraces the concept of political power on nursing; therefore, making it obvious that the political choices made in a specific state affect the quality of the nursing services provided to the residents. To be more exact, the political choices made by the state authorities affect the amount of opportunities for the provision of nursing services, as well as the quality thereof. Nursing and How It Affected My Christian Worldview The concept of power in nursing in general and the influence of certain political powers on the specified area in particular have altered my view on the subject matter slightly. Although I must admit that it was not very shocking to find out that political events affect the flow of a range of nursing processes, it still seems striking that politics and healthcare are related to each other this closely. It seems wrong that political forces dominating a certain state dictate specific rules to the nursing department, therefore, affecting not only the experts in the specified area but also the lives of millions of patients. From a Christian viewpoint, the situation under analysis can be interpreted as rather controversial. On the one hand, by opening the realm of nursing to the political forces of the state, one may facilitate safety of the patients and even enjoy opportunities for better funding, not to mention the fact that successful foreign policy allows for collaboration with influential international companies providing nursing related products, such as medicine and equipment (Choudhuri, 2012). Therefore, the effects of politics on nursing can be viewed as striving for greater good and helping those in need, which aligns with the principles of the Christian faith (Wiersbe & Wiersbe, 2012). On the other hand, depending on the political regime, the process of controlling the nursing field executed by those beholding power may trigger a significant drop in the quality of nursing services, as the people supervising the key nursing processes on the statewide level are likely to have little idea of nursing and its goals. Thus, the introduction of political power into nursing does not seem reasonable in this case. Nursing and My Current Role in It However, once the effect of political power in nursing
Introduction Cioinsight.com is a website devoted to covering the trends in the IT industry. The website aims to provide a one-stop information point for all the latest happenings in the world of IT with particular emphasis on the role of the CIO or the Chief Information officer in a company. The CIO’s role has become more prominent in recent times due to the outsourcing phenomenon and increased spending on IT projects by all companies. These factors combined with the current “age of technology” have meant that this website remains popular among CIO’s and anyone who wishes to have insights into the various facets of IT spending and outsourcing. Summary description of its structure and purpose The website is structured in such a way that it covers the trends, market watch, expert opinions, case studies and a blogs section as well. These main headings are then divided into sub categories giving the user a comprehensive experience in terms of finding information. The purpose of the website, as explained above, is to provide content for anyone who wishes to know the CIO’s perspective. The topics such as IT investment and outsourcing are covered in a balanced way with data like ROI (Return on Investment) etc supporting the conclusions in each of the articles. Its overall “look and feel” and apparent target audience The “look and feel” of the website is professional though it gives an impression of being “cluttered” with too much information at times. One thinks that given that the website is an IT portal, the team would have done something about “information overload”. The emphasis is always on mapping out future trends and potential growth areas. This is with an eye for anyone who wishes to capitalize on the opportunities available in the IT industry. What you find useful about this site At a developer level, the information about the trends in IT coupled with the salary surveys is quite useful. Also, the expert opinions and the technologies to watch out for is a good guide for anyone who is wishing to enter the IT industry either as an employee or as an entrepreneur. Links there that you either did or intend to follow up: This link to the webpage related to security was bookmarked for follow up. This is an interesting and useful link since this is one of the emerging areas and “top of the mind” for any CIO at the moment. Any other things about the site that you find interesting: The blogs section and the opinion pieces by experts make for good reading. For someone at the entry level, insights such as these would give an idea of what the leading voices are saying about IT and related areas like outsourcing and investment. Bottom-line evaluation of its value to you: The site is extremely useful for beginners and experts alike. Though the content can be pruned down to reflect crisp and concise text, nonetheless, by deft browsing through the content, o
Introduction Discretionary benefits may be understood as compensation to employees, which is not mandated by the law. Such benefits may involve life insurance, pension plans, maternity or sick leaves, prescription drug insurance, and others. To comprehend the role of discretionary benefits, it is essential to investigate employees’ needs and expectations concerning their work. Employees working for ABC company ask for more benefits, and it seems that their request is justified and relevant. Discussion ABC is a middle-sized company that operates in the cleaning industry and has approximately 200 employees. The company provides an average level of remuneration, transportation services, and holiday bonuses. The employees ask about health insurance benefits since they are prone to various diseases such as diabetes, varicose, cardiovascular issues, et cetera. Since many employees cannot afford some vital health services, they tend to visit hospitals rarely, which creates chronic conditions. Besides, employees need wellness programs to restore their health after physical work. The review of the company and the recent scholarly literature show that there are several options for providing health plans to employees. One of them is to offer high-deductible health plans, including health reimbursement arrangements (HRAs) or health savings accounts (HSAs) (Fronstin & Roebuck, 2013). It is reported that high-deductible health plans are a viable solution for employees with low and middle income. However, other studies reveal that chronically ill patients may reduce their visits to doctors (Wharam, Zhang, Landon, Soumerai, & Ross-Degnan, 2013). In particular, the evidence shows that they are likely to limit visits, while laboratory examinations and acute visits remain unchanged (Reddy, Ross-Degnan, Zaslavsky, Soumerai, & Wharam, 2014). Similar results are found by Fronstin, Sepúlveda, and Roebuck (2013), who state that outpatient physician visits are reduced in a long-term period. Therefore, it seems that ABC should be more attentive to the health benefits offered to employees. The implementation of wellness programs presents several advantages to both organizations and employees. For the employer, the provision of discretionary health benefits guarantees the stability of the team. The studies show that in companies that do not spare funding for such benefits, employees tend to value their work more than those who have less protection (Fronstin & Roebuck, 2013). If the employer demonstrates generosity and reliability during many years, then the personnel will be ready to show solidarity in times of crisis and even accept the reduction in wages for some period. Conclusion Considering the given case from the point of the company’s success, it is possible to suggest that wellness programs are likely to reduce health care costs since healthy lifestyles, proper nutrition, and disease prevention will be targeted. Moreover, employees wil
Project management is the field of work that has always appealed to me because it requires a person to use both creative and analytical skills. Moreover, in many cases, these activities impel people to take innovative approaches that have not been considered before. I aspire to join this Master’s degree program since it will help me develop the expertise in various areas of project management and real estate. This learning experience will enable me to gain in-depth insights into planning, scheduling, business ethics, and risk assessment. To a great extent, it will assist me in becoming a better professional who can serve other people and achieve ambitious goals. My educational and vocational background is closely related to management. As a student, I majored in international business and finance. The knowledge and competencies that I acquired allowed me to hold several positions in different organizations. These businesses represented various industries like retailing, real estate, and hospitality. I was engaged in such activities as marketing research, translation of legal documents, employee training, and recruitment. In part, the knowledge of several languages contributed to my professional development. I can speak English, Arabic, and French. Thus, it is easy for me to communicate with clients and business partners from different countries. My professional activities have convinced me that a manager should be able to try innovative solutions. This argument is particularly relevant to my interactions with clients and business partners who often have very diverse needs. Furthermore, I have learned that managers should be able to look at their decisions and actions critically; otherwise, their activities will be doomed to failure. My work experiences have also demonstrated to me that continuous education is indispensable for professional growth. Business administrators should be willing to acquire new skills to overcome emerging challenges. Moreover, these people should be kee
Got Culture? Craig Stanford According to Craig Stanford, culture refers to a set of traditions, linguistic, dress codes, cuisine, and other social features (Stanford 50). In the article, Stanford claims that Chimpanzees, just like humans, exhibit culture. He argues that Chimpanzees have tool cultures. Using an example of chimpanzees from Gombe National Park in Tanzania, the author illustrates that the apes are able to fish for termites using twigs. He also argues that the apes share their kill illustrating that they have a culture. Similarly, he points out that chimpanzee society is founded on acquired conducts passed from mothers to youngsters and from mature males to keen aspiring males. The conduct varies from one region to another. The above illustrations indicate that chimpanzees have a culture. Stanford asserts that chimpanzees utilize symbolisms. He illustrated two ways through which the apes exhibit symbolism during courtship. Stanford argues that at Gombe the male chimps have a habit of shaking leaves to attract a female during the mating session. Other chips illustrate the second symbolism by grooming leaves or bushes as if they are grooming other chimps. Dim Forest, Bright Chimps, Boesch and Boesch-Achermann In the article Dim Forest Bright Chimps , Boesch compares two types of chimpanzees. The apes compared are forest chimps and savanna chimps. He illustrates that forest chimps such as those found in Gombe have learned how to fish for termites (Boesch 50). Savanna chimps insert the twigs inside the termite nests. Thereafter, the soldier termites bite the twig allowing the chimp to draw the twigs between its teeth to reap the termites. Unlike the forest chimps, the savanna use stones to break nuts. The forest chimpanzees do not use hammers like their savanna counterparts. Similarly, the savanna chimps do not fish termites using termites. Similarly, savanna chimps have been known to hunt in groups and share their kill. Based on this, it is apparent that the habits were acquired independently over time. The above habits resemble those of human ancestors. Anthropologists have found evidence indicating that human ancestors utilized crude tools such as those utilized by the chimps during hunting sessions. Notably, the tools varied based on the location of the human ancestors. Equally, human ancestors hunted in groups and shared their kill. Based on these resemblances, it is apparent that at one time human ancestors had primitive behaviors such as those exhibited by chimps. Notably, these behaviors have been perfected over time. What Are Friends For? Barbara Smuts Olive baboons exhibit a strong bond. Friendship is very important among these primates. As illustrated by Barbara Smuts, olive baboons have to forage for long distances (Smuts 73). Similarly, the baboons spend much of their time grooming. With the above activities, friendship among the apes comes in handy. Through friendship, the baboons can be able to forage for long distances while others act as watc
Abstract Brent Dorsey, Megan Mills, and Scott Olsen are staff auditors working under a senior accountant named John Peters. Mr. Peters was desperate to get the promotion that he sorely needed. As a consequence, Mr. Peters forced the three staff auditors to consider unethical strategies to meet unrealistic time budgets. A closer examination of the alternative strategies adopted by Brent, Megan and Scott revealed short-term gains, and long-term consequences to the reputation of the auditors. In addition, the accounting firm will suffer from the impact of an accounting fiasco the moment Northwest Steel Producers will discover inaccuracies in the audit. It is therefore more prudent to adhere to principles of accounting standards that accountants must follow. Research Findings Relevant professional standards, and ethics guidance for the Brent Dorsey case are listed as follows:  1. AU Section 230: Due Professional Care in the Performance of Work;  2. AU Section 311: Planning and Supervision;  3. AU Section 326: Audit Evidence;  4. ET Section 52: Article 1: Responsibilities;  5. ET Section 53: The Public Interest;  6. ET Section 54: Article 3: Integrity;  7. ET Section 55: Article 4: Objectivity and Independence;  8. ET Section 56: Article 5: Due Care;  9. ET Section 57: Article 6: Scope and Nature of Services; 10. ET Section 102: Integrity and Objectivity (American Institute of CPAs, 2014). 1 Auditors must consider the principles found in AU Section 311, and these must serve as a guide in determining the skills, and level of supervision needed to conduct the audit of Northwest Steel Producers. This component of the professional standards provides a roadmap on how to plan the audit (Flood, 2012). In the case of Mr. Dorsey, the failure of John Peters to plan ahead resulted in his inability to realize the time needed to audit every component of the audit project. AU Section 230 and ET Section 56 is another example of accounting standards that will help remind auditors to provide due diligence services to Northwest Steel Producers (Skalak, Golden, Clayton, & Pill, 2011). They must never be satisfied with less than excellent work (Dauber, 2009). Accounting standards found in ET Section 57 will help accountants prepare for the task at hand, because they will know the scope and nature of service that they have to provide their clients. As a result, the audit is conducted with reasonable care and diligence. This standard is related to AU Section 326, which is a reminder to auditors that there must be sufficient evi
Introduction Suggestions for improving knowledge sharing According to Peter Flagstaff, the firm develops ideas inefficiently because the executives keep repeating what was done before. Lindsay Gibson points out the lack of systematic records that would show past client problems. The problem is poor information sharing in the organization. In order to improve knowledge sharing in the organization, the top level management should strive to build strong and healthy relationships amongst the account executives. This can be done through social events, meetings or even virtually. Healthy relationships enhance sharing of ideas, experiences and skills. The top level managers should put in place knowledge sharing processes. The processes should be incorporated into the workflow. Making knowledge sharing processes a company routine improves sharing greatly. Such processes include After Action Review (AAR), whereby people involved in a project come together after its completion for in-depth discussions. The management should use technology as a tool for enhancing knowledge sharing in the organization. Brenda complains of use of complicated format to record good ideas. Technologies such as corporate intranets would help in improving knowledge sharing. Account executives would view past problems and their solutions. The management should send a clear message to the account executives addressing the importance of knowledge sharing. The message should be actionable. This way, the executive would share since it would be a requirement. A review of the process of evaluation should be done. Anne brings this up as her reason for not sharing with the rest. There should be ways of rewarding team work rather that just paying according to an executive’s creativity. Validity of points made by account executives In the focus group, the executives air their reasons for failing to share knowledge amongst themselves. Some are valid concerns while others may pass for mere excuses. Gary’s concern about his best idea being fed right to the competition is not valid. He voices his concern in a way that it appears as a mere case of selfishness. He does not couple his concern with the effects it would have on him or the company thus it is not a valid point. Brenda, however, has a valid concern. She points out use of cumbersome processes to record ideas in the past. Making write-ups of how they solved problems was busy work according to her. Her suggestion that they should use briefer methods of recording shows her willingness to share knowledge if the change is made. She supports her point factually. Sharon’s point is not valid. This is for the clear fact that she acts out of fear. As an account executive, Sharon should not be afraid to ask for help. The laughter after her comment only confirms the invalidity of the point. Jason has a valid point. Creativity is a key component of the mar
In the article Barefoot running strikes again, the author Jungers explores the evolution of human feet on the basis of prior research. The central claim of this work is that shoes cause significant injuries, despite the novel designs and new manufacturing capabilities that are available to modern brands. The audience that Jungers (2010) wrote this work for is either people engaged in sports or researchers interested in bipedalism. The critical information that is emphasized in this article is that the ability to move using two limbs is part of human evolution; however, it occurred because humans were able to walk barefoot. Therefore, in the contemporary approach, medical experts should pay more attention to this aspect when working with athletes. The conclusion that the author gives is that more research on the topic of barefoot walking is required to gather sufficient data that will provide an understanding of the issue. The reasoning behind the assumptions in this article is the theory of evolution, anatomy of feet, and biomechanics, which is explicitly explained. However, due to the small size of the piece, it can be argued that the problem of barefoot running is solved only superficially, although good insights such as a need to explore the topic for enhancement of shoe manufacturing practices are presented. Jungers (2010) cites other studies and explains the basics of biomechanics using the example of runners landing on certain parts of their feet while contrasting different views. Thus, the author did not omit any essential aspects of the problem. The source is published in a scholarly journal and cites articles by other authors on a similar topic. In addition, because further research on the subject is suggested, it can be argued that the report is not biased. Reference Jungers, W. L. (2010). Barefoot running strikes back. Nature, 463, 433–434.
Introduction Globalization is an aspect of modern society that involves the participation of nations, organizations, and individuals in social, political, and economic international activities. Some issues cannot be managed by individuals or nations unless they seek assistance from others and this makes them work with people from other nations (Rodrik 2012). Globalization has benefited many nations and improved human life in the following ways. First, it has opened new markets for products and services produced by many nations (Eitzen and Zinn 2011). It is necessary to explain that America is technologically developed and this means that most electronic companies do not have huge local markets. Therefore, they export their products to African and Asian countries where there are no electronic manufacturers. In addition, most African countries have raw materials but do not have the resources to exploit them. Therefore, they export them to developed nations and earn revenue that is used to finance their projects. Secondly, globalization has enabled producers to acquire efficient ways of production (Rodrik 2012). The use of machines and other modern innovations has enabled people to get products of high quality. This has increased competition among producers and offered consumers a wide selection of goods and services. Therefore, competition in the international market has forced business investors to use modern technology and standardize the prices of goods and services because they must invest in technology to ensure they compete favorably with their rivals (Eitzen and Zinn 2011). Security is important in society because it enables people to invest and do their daily activities without fear (Rodrik 2012). Globalization has enabled nations to unite and form organizations ensuring that both local and international safety measures are revamped. Terrorism has affected most nations, even though there are efforts to ensure this problem is alleviated (Rodrik 2012). The need to enact anti-terrorism policies makes nations adopt similar practices to fight insurgent groups like Al-Qaeda and Al-Shabbab. Therefore, globalization promotes the security interests of individuals and nations to ensure they enjoy their rights. This practice helps nations to pull risks to make sure no country suffers without help from others (Eitzen and Zinn 2011). International relations have been strengthened by calamities like earthquakes, storms, drought, and disease outbreaks that force nations to come together and look for ways of alleviating their problems. Therefore, people have become their brothers’ keepers and this has strengthened their relationships. In addition, some countries face p