ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction However, the fact that the highest percentage of students is white should not be overlooked. It is necessary to mention that the number of individuals that attend schools is significant most of the time, and most show outstanding results. The institution is focused on the provision of education from grade one through the twelfth grade. Faculty members are extremely experienced and that they are ready to deal with any changes to the process of learning. Overall, they are determined to provide students with the best possible learning experience. School Integration It is necessary to mention that the process of school integration should not be overlooked most of the time, and it is a topic that has been actively discussed over the last few years. According to section 1002.31 of K-20 Education Code (2015), every single educational facility should take aspects that are related to desegregation into consideration because it is required by the government. It is also mentioned that it is important to make sure that a particular racial balance should be maintained, and it is necessary to focus on socioeconomic and demographic factors. The fact that it helps to reduce the number of conflicts most of the time needs to be taken into account. The issue that needs to be noted that assigning students to a particular school based on their race may not be viewed as an appropriate approach in most situations. Church-state Interaction The fact that such topics as church-state interactions are controversial most of the time should not be overlooked. Another aspect that should not be disregarded is that there have been numerous disagreements on this subject matter, and a consensus still has not been achieved. It is important to say that the role of the church should not be overlooked. However, some of the decisions may be regarded as questionable. For example, it is not appropriate to encourage the use of prayers as a part of the learning process (Engel v. Vitale, 1962). It is paramount to mention that it is necessary to make sure that no religion is preferred in a particular learning environment, and it is necessary to take dissimilarities between the cultures and traditions into consideration. On the other hand, individuals should be allowed to voice their opinions and use particular gestures if it does not offend other religions in any way. Attendance and Discipline According to section 1003.21 of K-20 Education Code (2015), any child that is six years old or soon will be is supposed to attend school on a regular basis during the whole term. However, it is imperative to say that there are several exceptions. It is necessary to note that every individual needs to visit the institution at least 135 hours each year according to the Section 1003.436 (K-20 Education Code, 2015). It needs to be said that it is not a strict requirement most of the time,
Introduction Research studies that have been carried out do not give conclusive results on the ideal number of stocks required to have a fully diversified portfolio. Some studies indicated that between 30 and 40 stocks while others showed that between 8 and 20 stocks are adequate. Therefore, this paper seeks to carry out a test to verify the optimal number of stocks required to fully achieve the gains of diversification. The study will use the stock of 20 different companies that are listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul). Calculation of the daily returns, average returns, standard deviation, correlations, and covariance will be made to ascertain the minimum number of stocks that are required to attain full diversification. Portfolio theory and diversification Before the Markowitz portfolio theory, investors were advised to select stocks that presented the greatest opportunity to gain with a low amount of risk (Markowitz, 1952). This advice was formalized in the portfolio theory after carrying out extensive research and estimations. The portfolio theory provides an approach to analyzing the extent to which a portfolio is good. This is achieved by comparing the variances of different portfolios. A risk-averse investor expects to earn
A good driver is a skilled and concentrated person who is responsible for one’s life, as well as the life of passengers and pedestrians. However, today drivers have many dangerous habits that can cause tragic situations and accidents. When a person becomes a witness to the accident and the pain of victims and their relatives, he often thinks about the role of a driver in this tragedy. The problem is in the fact that, in most cases, the real cause of such accidents is the irresponsible actions of a driver. Although it is possible to identify different habits and risky behaviors that are typical of many drivers, the most dangerous habits are the use of mobile phones, speeding, and alcohol abuse. Multitasking became the main feature of modern life because many people, including drivers, try to save their time performing several activities simultaneously. The use of mobile phones while driving often leads to undesirable tragic consequences. For instance, a driver is a very busy person who uses gadgets to speak with partners without holding a mobile phone in his hand. The small device allows a driver to hold the steering wheel and focus on the road. The problem is only in decreased concentration. However, there is also another example. A driver prefers texting or checking e-mail while standing in the traffic jam and even while driving. The concentration is decreased significantly, and this person will not notice a small boy crossing the road. While referring to these examples, it is almost impossible to overestimate the meaning of using mobile phones while driving, as well as the price of the individual’s life, and it is significant to limit the use of devices for drivers. If the use of mobile phones is typical of modern days, speeding is the dangerous habit of drivers that is observed during decades. It seems that many young drivers are inclined to organize contests on the roads to assert themselves with the help of speeding. An important example is when a young driver having a good car intends to demonstrate all its powers on the city’s roads without remembering about other people in the streets. Such contests often result in accidents because drivers lose control over the car. However, the problem is in the fact that speeding can be characteristic of drivers of all ages and statuses because the causes of speeding include rush, affairs, or excitement. This habit is important to be addressed with the help of policies and adding the speed limiting signs on the roads. The alcohol abuse is one of the most dramatic habits typical of drivers. It is important to state that drinking alcohol before driving is usually forbidden. However, the examples of accidents caused by drunk drivers are numerous. A person thinks that he drank only a glass of wine, and he is rather sober now. He chooses to drive home at night. His mood is high,
Teacher can support young children in developing resilience without becoming overly careless and self-opinionated. For example, it is possible to foster self-regulation abilities by promoting the use of techniques for calming down, for instance, deep breathing, the use of imagination, and finding appropriate distractions to cope with stress (Best Start Resource Centre, 2020). Other skills include understanding the concept of causes and consequences and using life experiences and analytical abilities to predict the outcomes of risky behaviors, such as interacting with an angry animal (Healthy Children Magazine, 2014). Additionally, to achieve the specified goal, it is essential to teach the basics of self-care skills to children, including healthy lifestyles, accepting one’s emotions, and “realistic optimism” (Best Start Resource Centre, 2020, p. 17). By promoting the listed abilities, education professionals can teach children to mobilize their internal resources to withstand everyday challenges without developing unrealistic and illogical views of life. Teachers should make sure to select strategies and approaches that provide benefits for learners and do not undermine their parents’ beliefs. Firstly, expressions and conversations that leave students with the thought that their parents have done something wrong should be avoided. For instance, the professional may find out that the child’s parents have taught him or her to see threats everywhere. In this case, explaining the difference between pessimistic, optimistic, and realistic attitudes to life to the student is more productive than criticizing the child’s parents. Secondly, strengthening parent-teacher partnerships and promoting parent education is a viable strategy to prevent conflicts (Couchenour & Chrisman, 2013). By using credible pedagogical research and their own knowledge, teachers can inform parents about the harmful consequences of imposing one’s fears on children, thus promoting positive change. Moreover, partnerships and parent engagement enable the opportunity to learn more about families’ views on upbringing children, which helps to remain respectful.
Psychological testing is the assessment of a person’s emotional and cognitive functioning using various techniques to help develop a certain conclusion about an individual’s personality, behavior, and capabilities. Some psychological tests are designed in such a way that an individual unwittingly reveals certain information about himself/herself, hence an invasion of an individual’s privacy. In psychological testing, ethical principles demand the right to privacy and confidentiality for the individual being assessed. Individuals are entitled to their privacy, and no disclosure of their personal information is allowed without their direct permission. The principle of the right to privacy implies that an individual has the right to choose the information regarding his/her beliefs, attitudes, actions, and feelings to another person, often a licensed psychologist (Hogan, 2007, p.117). However, sometimes the confidentiality is breached especially when managers undertake a psychological assessment of their employees (McIntire & Miller, 2007, p.67). Another issue of concern regarding psychological tests is the right to informed consent or self-determination. Every individual has a right to receive accurate and complete information regarding the psychological test, what their results will be used for, and the meaning of their results mean (McIntire & Miller, 2007, p.69). Psychologists have a responsibility to ensure that the examinees understand the requirements and implications of any test before it is administered. One of the legal issues associated with psychological testing is the psychological evaluation of defendants by forensic psychologists in courts. Courts rely on the findings of the forensic psychologists to make a particular ruling. They also predict the competency or ability of the defendant to stand trial in court and can give directions regarding child custody arrangements (Plante, 2005, p.61). In this respect, forensic psychologists play a vital role in civil and criminal cases as they offer expert advice regarding the defendant’s suitability to stand trial. Additionally, the forensic psychologist’s aid lawyers in selecting a panel for a particular case. They use psychological tests to evaluate the potential juror, which questions the legality of forensic psychologists to appraise the potential panel or defendant/client before the hearings of a court case. Another legal issue of concern is the use of psychological testing by employers during hiring. Clinical psychologists use integrity tests in the hiring process of potential employees in most industries and organizations. To avoid hiring employees with inappropriate behaviors, employers administer integrity tests to assess the future behaviors of the potential employee including dependability, trustworthiness, and emotional stability. However, even though applying integrity tests during the hiring process might arrest future job ills, employers cannot hire or fire workers on personality grounds exclusively. The Unit
Despite the inability to eliminate stereotypes equating womanhood to being submissive, modernist and postmodernist literature created a new woman and expanded the boundaries of the American woman’s role. Modernist writers actively explored gender issues, enabling female characters to be “active and expressive” and leave their roles as mothers to contribute to society as artists and independent creators (Wood 3). This, however, tracked closely with an increased tendency to incorporate sexuality as one of this new role’s acceptable components, which can be noticed in Joyce’s Molly Bloom (Wood 3). Thus, the evolution of women’s roles involved both emancipation and a departure from puritanism. The American woman’s growing ability to define her own role and place became a peculiar trait of postmodernist literature works. Based on the analysis of American plays, in the era of postmodernism, the American woman’s roles became more versatile and less tied with traditional femininity (Copenhaver 2). Among other things, it includes the increased ability to fulfill physically and psychologically demanding jobs. In postmodern plays, including Fool for Love , the American woman is free to “live a life of independence” (Copenhaver 327). This tendency can be manifested even if the character creates an impression of a dependent person expecting external control and assistance. The American woman’s roles detailed above evolved from earlier depictions of women focused on romantic relationships and struggles rather than an infinite diversity of characters. Central characteristics of realism and naturalism, including the prevalence of male writers, historical authenticity, and attempts to employ a quasi-scientific approach to writing, affected the depictions of women, including those in the U.S. (Copenhaver 44). For naturalist writers, it was not uncommon to depict the woman in English-speaking countries as an individual who struggles with poverty and ruination while also trying to prove her professionalism if she is allowed to work (Phipps 12). Being opposed to women’s fiction with its idealization of traditional marriage, realism introduced depictions of the complex lived realities of American women as wives and mothers (Tadjibayev et al. 148). With that in mind, compared to the eras of realism and naturalism, modernist and postmodernist depictions of American women emphasize independence and the freedom of self-expression that enable women to fulfill various professional and social roles. Works Cited Copenhaver, Bonny Ball. The portrayal of gender and a description of gender roles in selected American modern and postmodern plays . 2002. Digital Commons, PhD dissertation. Phipps, Gregory. “American Literary Naturalism and Its Descendants.” Studies in American Naturalism , vol. 15, no. 1, 2020, pp. 7-14. Web. Tadjibayev, Musajon, et al. “The Development of Realism in American Literature.” European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences, vol. 8, no. 10, 2020, pp. 145-150. Web. Wood, Elaine. Female Sexuality in Modernist Fiction: Literary Techniques for Making Women Artists. Routledge, 2
Introduction When patients are diagnosed with cancer, they are more often than not put under radiotherapy as one form of treatment. However, this does not mean that all patients with cancer are put under radiotherapy. There are those that are put under other forms of treatment such as chemotherapy. There are also other patients suffering from other forms of ailments that are put under radiotherapy. Whichever the case, radiotherapy is a source of anxiety, worries and a very stressing experiencing to the patients and their kin. This is why support is a very important component of radiotherapy. Support in radiotherapy can be conceptualized as a form of intervention that helps in easing this anxiety experienced by patients and their family. The support can be provided by the family members themselves, the nursing fraternity or the care providers, and can also be provided by other members of the society such as the religious organizations (Bolderston 2006). Support can also be viewed as a form of interpersonal processes riding on social exchanges between the patient, their family, the care providers and other members of the society. These exchanges on the part of the patient are in form of coming into contact with the support, recognizing and experiencing the support (Anonymous 2010). This preamble points to the fact that there are various forms of support that are there for the radiotherapy patient. This includes social and other forms of support. However, there are concerns to the effect that these services are not accessed by all the deserving patients. This is given the fact that some of the patients are not aware of the existence of these services (Anonymous 2010). For example, it is noted that thousands of cancer patients are not benefiting from radiotherapy treatment despite the fact that they qualify for the services. This lack of access is attributed to the lack of awareness on the existence of these services on the part of the patients (Anonymous 2010). It is against this backdrop that efforts have been made by several stakeholders in this field to advertise support services available to the radiotherapy patients. These advertisements are carried out on various platforms. This includes the care providers passing the message to their patients verbally, or advertising on the various magazines and articles aimed at the patients. This literature review will compare two articles touching on the existence of support services for radiotherapy patients and how the services are advertised. The aim of the researcher will be to engage in a compar
Life is a journey which involves physical, mental and spiritual experiences. These experiences personify the human development/evolvement process which is indelible and universal – transcending time and cultural boundaries. The entire infrastructure of people’s culture is interwoven with personal impressions, ideas, emotions, and prejudices. Gender, age, creed, race, religion, etc affects how an individual perceives him or herself, others, and situations. Within this scheme of perception is personal worldviews or theories about the world at large. An array of definitions, worldviews in essence encompass a framework of ideas, attitudes and a comprehensive system of beliefs with a wide range of questions and answers surfacing. They include, naming a few – What are humans, why we are here, and what is our purpose in life? Does evil and good exists? Life should be or is simple? What is your view of a good life? Multi-faceted, worldviews have a unique purpose in our lives. Diverse people and cultures constitute this world. The various worldviews permeating this world bring us in contact with such diversity. Every aspect of culture is affected by worldviews. Most importantly, society and worldviews are interrelated, for where a person comes from affects how they think. Understanding the societal connection enhances better dialogue and understanding of the diversity. As Scottish writer and Professor, Roderick Ninian Smart states “ since the study of man is in an important sense participatory—for one has to enter into men’s intentions, beliefs, myths, desires, in order to understand why they act as they do—it is fatal if cultures including our own are described merely externally, without entering into dialogue with them (Smart)”. We come in contact with worldviews on a daily basis; to ignore their significance would be a detriment. Introspection (self, etc.) and challenges is what makes life meaningful and well rounded. Worldviews as by the aforementioned questions spark introspection; they serve as the eyeglasses or contact lenses for the inner self in terms of correction and improvement. They serve as the prescription for bringing sense and understanding to the world. In line with this premise, American Philosophy Professor Arthur F. Holmes asserts worldview’s purpose is fourfold – “the need to unify thought and life; the need to define the good life and find hope and meaning in life; the need to guide thought; the need to guide action (Holmes, 5).” Where do my worldviews fit in the scheme of things? In regards to the premise/concept /ideology of good and evil, or good vs. evil, much has been hypothesized. The world is indicative of these opposing views ignited by the thoughts and actions of men. What did Luke the Evangelist espouse? “ A good man, out of the good treasure of his heart, bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man, out of the evil treasures of his heart, birngeth fort
Introduction External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix is a strategic tool that allows assessing the external environment of a company and appreciating potential threats and opportunities. Apple Inc. is a US-based consumer-oriented company consistently ranked highly in profit, revenue, market capitalization, and consumer cachet (Hoovers, n.d.). Its primary products are phones, tablet PCs, Mac computers, laptops, mp3 players, and smartwatches. The present paper offers an overview of the EFE Matrix of Apple Inc. Opportunities While there are ten opportunities listed in the EFE Matrix, it is worth mentioning only the critical ones. The central opportunities for the company are market growth, reactive competition, and increasing demand for Apple products. Market growth is associated with the rising demand for Apple products as the company penetrates more markets around the world (Prakruthi & Ramu, 2018). The tendencies provoke increased profits of the company allowing them to expand their product line rapidly. According to Khan, Alam, and Alam (2015), talented personnel is the key to Apple’s performance, and the loss of human resources may lead to decreased revenues of the company. In short, the assessment of the outside environment shows that Apple Inc. demonstrates an above-average response to opportunities. Threats The majo
Introduction Slavery had a profound effect on people living in various parts of the USA, but some of the most important events and movements associated with it occurred in New York City. The essence of the slavery system was grounded in African American’s deficiency in comparison to white people. However, the analysis of slavery in New York allows doubting such an opinion. Blacks’ significance in the development of the city’s most critical systems, such as labor, race, and class divisions, makes it possible to conclude that the influence of slavery in New York was substantial. What is more, the effect was felt not only in white communities of New Yorkers but also in those of blacks. Changes That Slavery Brought The most important change that slavery brought about in New York was the establishment of the new economic system. The role of black labor in the city in 1626-1827 was considerable (Harris, 2003). The point was that slave labor played a pivotal role in the survival of the city. Manhattan relied on such labor more than any other part of the colonial North (Harris, 2003). The dependence became most prominent in the 18 th century, with the intention of the British to turn Manhattan into the main North American “slave port and economic center” (Harris, 2003, p. 11). As a result of such attempts, slave labor allowed increasing the city’s economy, as well as that of its suburbs. In rural regions adjacent to New York, slaves performed important agricultural duties, hence developing this dimension of economy. At the end of the 17 th century, the number of black inhabitants in New York was much larger than that in any other city of North America (Harris, 2003). In the 18 th century, as little as two cities – New Orleans and Charleston – outnumbered New York in the slave quantity. Crucial Role of Slavery Therefore, it is evident that the growing number of blacks in New York City played a crucial role in the development of industry and trade. However, th