ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Throughout the human history, weight gain and fat storage have been seen the signs of fertility and prosperity. Currently, due to the rise of living standards, excess weight and obesity are posing a growing threat to health in many countries around the world. Obesity is a chronic disease that prevails in both developed and developing countries and affects children as well as adults. This problem is urgent to the extent that it replaces more traditional public health concerns including infectious disease and malnutrition as negative depositors to person’s health. In addition, as obesity is the major risk factor for other chronic and non-communicable diseases, it is just a matter of time before the same high mortality rates for such diseases will be viewed in developing countries. The same rates existed in industrialized countries 20 years ago thought having good developed market economies (Takrouni, 2008). Finally, obesity is referred to as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation to an extent that human health may be affected (Takrouri, 2008). Statement thesis Obesity is a serious disease that is being heavily discussed in the United States and is contributing to the development of other chronic conditions and dangerous disorders. The weight excess influences the organism and provokes heart diseases and disorders of blood-vascular system. The weight gain also provides a considerable stress on other organs and, therefore, weakens the immune system of the organism. However, there are cases when excess weight is the outcome of genetic heredity, which is often serves as a viable excuse for obese people. Therefore, there is the necessity to shatter all the myths and to make people lead a healthy life style. The Epidemic of Obesity It is undeniable that the epidemic of obesity has no social, economic, technologic, and geographic boundaries. This especially matters as the skyrocketing rates of this disease are closely associated with metabolic syndrome affecting the rate of mortality and morbidity of obesity. Approximately, two hundred and seventy million (270,000,000) people in the world are considered to be obese and the number is assumed to reach three hundred and fifty million (350,000,000) in coming 2026 (Kushner and Bessesen, 2007, p. 100). The problem of the excess weight has become more urgent in the United States during the last three decades. In particular, one third of adults are obese. What is more deplorable is that this obesity proliferation has no gender, age, and racial distinctions (Kushner and Bessesen, 2007, p. 100). The more significant concern is connected with the impetuous growth of the childhood obesity
In her seminal work A Vindication of the Rights of Women, Mary Wollstonecraft argues that education is a necessary condition for developing virtue or ethical, right, and more ways of thinking and behavior. Wollstonecraft writes that learning and exercising one’s own reason are the only paths to developing virtue and women (Wollstonecraft 21). However, unlike men, women of the author’s time were limited in their access to education and had few opportunities to broaden their horizons. In this belief, Wollstonecraft echoed Plato and his Allegory of the Cave . In this work, the Greek philosopher argues that one’s perceptions may differ from reality, and people who are not allowed to receive knowledge will never know the real world (Plato). Thus, Wollstonecraft believes that women, equally to men, should be allowed the right to education as it affects them and the world around them. In A Vindication of the Rights of Women, Mary Wollstonecraft insists that men and women are equal human beings and, therefore, should be offered the same rights and opportunities in life. The feminist writer argues that, although men and women are different in their nature, “their virtues should differ in respect to their nature” (Wollstonecraft 27). In saying this, Wollstonecraft holds men and women to the same moral standards and criticizes those who contend that a woman’s role in society should be reduced to ornamental function and childbearing. It can be argued that Wollstonecraft inspired the feminist movement, specifically, individualist feminist tradition, that emphasizes personal autonomy and individualism. In particular, her unwavering support of women’s right to education inspired many women to pursue learning, improve their knowledge of the world, and become more virtuous. Works Cited Plato. “Allegory of the Cave.” LibreTexts , 2021, Web. Wollstonecraft, Mary. A Vindication of the Rights of Women . Yale University Press, 2014.
The traits which are assessed in the designed tool are related to the variables identified by Popham and Stiggins (2008), which are academic efficacy and eagerness to learn. Both variables are important since their identification is the first step for designing an instrument (Popham, 2008). The choice of those variables is justified through their relation to motivation, where eagerness to learn is determined by students’ desire, rather than their belief in capability (Stiggins & Popham, 2008). Academic efficacy, on the other hand, is defined as follows: “student’s perceived ability to succeed and the student’s sense of control over her or his academic well being” (Stiggins & Popham, 2008). Thus, the efficacy can be seen in assessing the degree to which, students think their academic success is related to their abilities and their control. Considering that the ultimate aim of the development of positive affective traits is motivating students, it can be stated that the selection of such trait variables was successful. Additionally, the indicated variables conform to the conditions claimed by McMillan et al. (2011) which focus on the learning targets. The next step in designing the tool was constructing an affect inventory, i.e. several statements which are related to the identified variables, the response to which will be collected through a Likert Scale. The scale was composed of the original responses Likert employed, strongly agree, agree, uncertain, disagree, and strongly disagree (Popham, 2008). Considering that only two variables are assessed, each variable was connected to four statements, two negative and two positives.
Pompy Hemmings is a young female servant in the Santon household in South Carolina in the 1830s. She lives with other maidservants in the barns in the backyard. Master Santon owns a large rice plantation where he spends most of his days overseeing the running of his farm. His wife, Madam Sophrina on the other hand spends her days at home running the household and hosting parties while she is not traveling to New York and Boston to shop. The Santons have three children, Marcus, Jefferson, and Emily who are already adults. Pompy works with other three black women one of whom is very old, older than her own mother would have been had she lived. There is a lot of work every day: cleaning and washing for the master’s household; cooking for the household and the slaves in the plantations; and going to the market. The four women wake up at the crack of dawn and start the days work, which goes on endlessly until almost midnight especially when Madam Sophrina or her daughter is hosting a party. Miss Emily is getting married to the son of another plantation owner and this is why today the four women are as busy as a swarm of bees, making sure everything is excellent just as Miss Emily likes it. After the party though, Pompy is tired, she will enter her feelings and observations in a diary just as she had done since she learned how to write (Fox-Genovese, 56). “I am not sure I can be able write tonight, am so tired I can hardly lift a finger. Tonight was nasty missy Emily’s party- how people love her parties. She and her betrothed were being formally engaged. I cannot believe she is getting married; she is one beast less to deal with in the house. Poor old Lucretia, she will finally have some peace, missy was always on her back calling her an old dog and making her run up and down the stairs like a child despite her age. I pity the maids that are going to serve her in her husband’s household. You know, she is worse than her mother and a little better than the mighty and beastly Master Marcus. Listen to me, who is better than the other in this house? Except of course Master Davis but, nobody should ever know what happened yesterday at the barn (Weiner, 65). Sometimes I wonder why life has to be so unfair, especially to my mother; she died just like many other slaves in this region; from an attack of the dreadful disease, bilharzia contracted from the rice paddies. It is a time like this when I feel so lousy that I think of my father too or should I just say my supposedly father. No matter how he treated me I still think of him, he did not deserve to die like that, of a brutal beating from that old jerk Omando, the slave overseeras he tried to escape to the north, thank God the judge sentenced him to the hangman’s noose, or I would have killed him myself. When I remem
Introduction The provision of health care services has been a topic generating heated discussion among Americans for many years. This debate has been caused by the availability of two contrasting health insurance policy proposals in the United States that claim to solve the health care crisis in the country. On one hand, policy makers have been championing for the adoption of universal health insurance, which is a universal health care system that gives emphasis on the community. On the other hand, another group has been campaigning for the adoption of private health insurance, which gives emphasis to more individual risk assessment insurances. This unending debate has put the health care system in the U.S in a crisis. The ever-increasing cost of health insurance coverage is forcing many people to go without medical insurance. These people include more than 45 million children who are caught in the middle of the raging debate. Politicians are caught between adopting a universal health care insurance that gives an emphasis to the community or the private insurance that gives an emphasis on the individual. This research paper looks at a comparison of the two policies in terms of efficiency and political influence. The research paper also looks at the issue of private funding for the two policies and gives a comparison on the outcome of the two policies. Finally, the paper gives an analysis of which of the two policies or some combination is most suitable to fix the U.S health care system. (National Council of Churches, 1999) Efficiency The pursuit for more efficiency in delivering health care services is unending in a country that uses more money in health care than any other. Attaining efficiency is also important in a country whose growth in spending surpasses its income and is incapable of providing insurance coverage to more than 15% of its total populace. This is also happening in a country that ranks badly among developed countries in terms of putting up system measures that seek to increase life expectancy and reduce infant mortality. All these issues coupled with the country’s quality problems make it hard for Americans to be complacent about the value they get from their health care contributions. In the real sense, health care can only be termed to be efficient when it improves a patient’s well being while at the same time dissuading the misuse of resources. For the health care syste
Though it has been quite a while since the people of a different racial and/or ethnical background gained the same freedoms and rights as the latter, racism is still an issue in many American schools (Gasman, 2012). According to the recent research on the problem, the instances of racial profiling are still a sad yet obvious part of everyday school reality despite all the attempts to establish the relationships based on equality among school students. The fact that racism exists in American schools raises the question whether there are any regulations concerning the issue, and if there are, what makes them so ineffective. As it turns out, the Imperatives for American Schools say that educators should “give top priority to insuring that all students receive their birthright of educational equity” (Pine & Hillard, 1990, 1). According to the existing definition of the possible racism victims, the reason for discrimination can range from race or gender prejudices to religious beliefs and the state of the family income of a discriminated student. The latter seems to be the most frequently occurring case (Pine & Hillard, 1990, 2). The delivery system, though, as one could have expected, leaves much to be desired. Mostly due to the fact that it is hard to take into account every single instance of discrimination and control ever student, the policy hardly seems to be efficient (Casares, 2012). However, over the past few years, the financing for the improvement of the current policies on school discrimination has improved. Therefore, it can be suggested that further steps to eliminating discrimination in schools will be taken. In the light of the PSQ history, which seemed to lack being specific, the attempts to distill certain rules of racial relationships amon
Executive summary Currently, the majority of enterprise networks are replacing wired Ethernet with wireless local area networks. It implies that wired Ethernet will be available as an option to WLAN so it can be minimizing wireless networks. The highest growth in customer preference seen so far in the market is the combination of both pervasive wireless and wired networks – up to 40 percent according to some estimates by analysts. The major concern of these wireless LANs is the security threat whereby every person can access the data transferred using wireless LAN. This problem however has been solved with advances in wireless LAN security standards like WPA2 and wireless intrusion protection systems (Younds, 2003). Introduction Analysts have estimated that the number of people changing to wireless local area networks is increasing tremendously. This is because they want to reduce wires in the offices and also save companies a lot of money. The most critical issue in WLAN is dependability. When planning there must be proper coverage because poor reliability from the perspective of the user means no coverage at all (Unger, 2003). To achieve the most reliable results, wireless service must be extended beyond what enterprise can achieve with an FMC solution that allows users to move from Wi-Fi to cellular when there is a need for Management of the WLAN, which can be complex for resource-constrained IT groups if a separate overlay WLAN scale is not used. A lot of time is used to manage infrastructure and WLAN devices. Most of the time management during operating WLAN devices is spent on managing connectivity and security of the client Benefits of Wireless Local Area Network Employees are more productive whether in the office or at home and it enhances comprehensive security capabilities. Managers can manage the work even when they are attending to other official matters a meeting away from the office premises. The level of production of the company is improved. This is through innovative mobility to endpoint devices and users, providing every time network access. This streamlines business operations and improves productivity to a great deal. It reduces the cost of operations: this is done through a combination of wireless and wired networking scalable, manageable, and low total cost of ownership. Also, reliability, level of security, and ease of deployment. It is easier to operate since most people are using mobile technology, traveling executives, wireless applications, location services, guest access among other services. This does not require IT professionals but basic computer knowledge is enough to conduct the
Wallison and Skeel (2010) discuss the possible consequences of Chris Dodd’s financial regulation bill for the major nonbank financial institutions in the article The Dodd Bill: Bailouts Forever . The authors compare the possible bankruptcy of a bank to the failure of another giant financial institution and come to the conclusion that using money with the purpose of reduction of the lending risks will result in further development of large firms. Having analyzed the lessons provided by Lehman bankruptcy, the professors conclude that the bill institutionalizes the too big to fail rule. The article The Dodd Bill: Bailouts Forever refers to the basic accounting equation. Comparing the possible consequences of bank or nonbank financial institutions, the authors of the article took into consideration different assets of these institutions, and consequently their liabilities differ as well. This fact demonstrates the overall character of the basic equation, proving one more time that assets are represented by liabilities combined with the owners’ equity. Lehman Brothers bankruptcy was an important event in the economic life of the country and the lessons, which it provided will be analyzed for a long time from different sides. The amount of interest of the owners is on stake and is immensely influenced by the consequences of the institution failure. That is why it is up to the owners and creditors to choose the way out from the situation and to decide whether the creditors are ready to take most of the losses or it is possible to use the chance of bailing-out provided by Dodd’s bill. In other words, this financial regulation bill i
Asthma is a chronic disease affecting the respiratory system. The disease leads to inflammation of the airways, difficulty in breathing, and can lead to death. Asthma is a zoonotic disease but it is not transferable between individuals. This means that an affected person cannot spread the disease to others by kissing, smooching, or coughing. Inflammation of air passages constricts them and leads to tightening of the chest making the patient experience breathing difficulty, chronic coughing, and producing a wheezing sound (Young, Para 1 and 2). We can learn much about asthma. The causes of asthma are not clearly known. However, medical experts believe that heredity, environmental factors, and allergens play a major role in determining the occurrence and susceptibility of an individual to asthma. What is clear is that individuals with inflamed airways are in danger of attack by asthma if they are exposed to certain triggers. This is because inflamed airways are hypersensitive. Triggers are things, which aggravate asthma. When they encounter an inflamed airway, they make it swell, produce excessive mucus and tighten up causing strain in breathing. Examples of triggers include allergens, irritants, infection of the upper respiratory tract, strenuous exercise, some drugs, seasonal and weather changes, changes in temperature, and stress. Common allergens include pollen, dust, molds, insects, food additives, among others. Irritants also include smoke, strong odors, and air pollutants. Pets such as dogs and cats can be a source of asthma triggers by means of their fur. There are two catego
Confidentiality regarding a patient’s condition has been a time-tested precept of medical ethics governing a patient-doctor relationship. What a patient confides in his or her doctor is strictly a matter between the two, as a lot of that information could have a significant adverse effect on the patient’s legal, occupational, social, and personal standing. However, at times, medical ethics have to differentiate between the necessities of considering the ‘greater good of the community versus the individual. Michael Parker and Anneke Lucassen (2004) through their article ” Genetic Information: A Joint Account?” argue that this is especially the case in the field of genetics where information regarding a patient may possibly be shared conflicting with the norms of confidentiality as is applicable to other fields of medical science. This essay attempts to explain the arguments of the authors and ascertain the validity of their hypothesis. Parker and Lucassen state that the issue of genetic information of a patient can be viewed through two aspects; Firstly by considering the genetic information of the patient as a ‘Personal Account’ or secondly, to consider the same information as a ‘Joint Account’. To illustrate their argument, the authors describe a case of Mrs. Cross who had a four-year-old son diagnosed with Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy in which the mother was identified as the carrier of the mutated gene responsible for the condition in her son. The mother’s sister, Mrs. Yates was ten months pregnant and had confided in her doctor that her nephew had the condition and she was worried whether her newborn would be similarly affected. She also confided that she would consider terminating the pregnancy should it be confirmed that her “fetus was affected with a serious inherited condition” (Parker and Lucassen, p.165). Mrs. Cross, on the other hand, had strong ‘pro-life’ beliefs and did not want her and her son’s genetic information being shared with her sister, Mrs. Yates as it could result in termination of the pregnancy. The authors explain that as per the existing norms of patient confidentiality, Mrs. Cross’s doctor could construe the request as valid. According to them a ‘Personal Account model’ dictates that it may be difficult to morally accept “for a clinician to breach a patient’s confidentiality in the interests of other” (Parker and Lucassen,p.166). According to Parker and Lucassen, “the most important ethical justification underpinning respect for confidentiality arises out of respect for the patient’s choice” (p.166). The other important consideration is that should a breach of confidentiality be attempted, the patient may lose trust in her doctor and as a wider implication; the medical fraternity may lose the trust of their patients if it became known that patient confidentiality is being breached. The personal account-model also has the advantage of being in line with the accepted ethical norms of the medical profession. The Joint Account model on the other hand argues that genetic i