ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Nike is the biggest sports apparel brand and company in the world, reaching unprecedented popularity and profitability in recent years. Nike reported net revenue of $39.1 billion in the fiscal year 2019. It also holds a 27.4% market share in the athletic footwear segment, which is its main product, as well as significant shares in sportswear, being ahead of all competitors in every space (Nike, 2019). Nike’s success has come largely due to its active, creative, and targeted marketing strategy that has taken advantage of the industry’s trends and the company’s own positioning. External Analysis PESTLE Analysis                   * Policies focused on corporations and economic growth – government support P olitical        * Trade wars between countries impacting supply chains and tariffs                            * Manufacturing and tax regulations around the world                                          * Economic downturns affecting spending on premium products                 E conomic         * Rapid growth of developing markets                                                          * Currency shifts for international trade                                                     *
Naturally, for me, Mexican culture is hard to define within a paragraph or even a whole essay. It is because of the wide variety of nuances, influences, and history that reaches Mesoamerican civilizations such as Mayan and Aztec. There are many manifestations of Mexican culture – in art, food, customs, values, and religion. Hence, if I were to define Mexican culture, I would say that it is a unique blend of Mesoamerican heritage mixed with European cultural influences that shaped the linguistic and religious beliefs. In general, when describing Mexican culture, one of the first things that come to mind is religion. Mexican people are very religious as some of the significant Mexican holidays are religious, such as Feast of Our Lady of Guadeloupe, which is celebrated to 12th December. Although Christianity was imposed onto Aztec and Mayan civilizations, it later became an essential part of the Mexican belief system. Spirituality and family values are also key characteristics of Mexican culture. For example, the Day of the Dead festival (1st & 2nd November) represents both of those values as it unites all families to remember and honor relatives and friends who passed away. Their souls come back to Earth; hence, families prepare unique offerings to treat their ancestors. In modern popular culture, it is easy to imagine the first associations that people have when they hear about Mexico. They probably imagine something from this list: big hats, colorful clothes, delicious food, and mariachi bands. I would select three symbols representing Mexican culture: costumes during the Day of the Dead celebration (1), Mariachi band, and Pyramid of the Moon: Teotihuacán (3). Day of the Dead celebration represents the mystical, spiritual, and family-oriented tradition, which c
Introduction Embraer Jets Company is located in Brazil which is one of the fastest-growing economies in the world. The country is endowed with numerous natural resources and has a well established foreign policy regarding importation and exportation (Central Intelligence Agency, 2012). Due to the rapid growth of the Brazilian economy, the airline industry is expected to continue growing. The main factors affecting the growth rate in the airline industry are globalization, developments in the tourism industry, communications advancement, sports, the need to exploit natural resources, trade liberalization and adequate national policies (Cateora and Graham, 2011). Market size Estimated industry sales for the planning year The airline industry is expected to continue growing at an increasing rate. Embraer Jets Company forecast that the aviation industry will have more demand in Asia and Latin America. The airline expects that the major forces affecting this growth are the strong economic development in an emerging market, economic growth of middle cities, increased urbanization, high fuel prices and increased competition (Embraer, 2012b). The airline industry forecasts a 5% yearly growth in the Revenues Passenger Kilometre (RPK) over the next 20 years. This will require approximately 32,800 new aircraft to be manufactured. The fastest-growing economies will be the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. It is also expected that the population will become wealthier, and the number of people using the airline industry will increase. It is also expected that: Middle East, China and Latin America will experience a growth rate of 7%, the commonwealth countries will experience a growth of 5.6%, African countries will grow by 5.3%, while developed economies such as America will grow by 3.2% due to their market maturity (Embraer, 2012a). Estimated sales for the planning year The Embraer Company foresee that the demand for 20-120 seat jets will be 6795 for the next 20 years. This will represent a market value of US$ 315 billion. For the turboprop, it is expected that 670 new aircraft will be demanded over the next 20 years. Out of these, 54% will be used to replace the old aircraft, while 46% will support the increasing market. For the narrow and wide-body aircraft, a total of 5220 new aircraft will be demanded for the next 20 years, 41 % will replace the old airplanes while 59% will sustain the growing market (Embraer, 2012a). Government participation in the marketplace The Brazil government is at the forefront of promoting the development of the airline industry in the country. The government has also established a favorable business environment for foreign investors. These investors are allowed to repatriate their registered capital and earnings tax-free. This makes it easy for foreign investors to invest their capital in the country. To promote the exportation of aircraft and other goods, the government has reduced all import duties and removed most of the importation barriers. This makes it easy for the airline industry to import parts and also export aircra
Introduction Feminism advocates equality of human rights between men and women socially, economically, and politically. Liberal feminism is the main branch of feminism that enquires about equality of human rights in a more political and legal form (Ogletree, Diaz, and Padilla, 2019). These have raised different views and opinions by the feminists while supporting women to be given equal rights as men. Whereas cultural feminism advocates for equal rights between men and women in all domains socially. Despite these differences, the main reason for feminism is to remove all the explicit barriers that lead to unequal treatment in society. Most feminists want to feel equally powerful as men. By performing tasks that men perform, they are given equal employment opportunities and freedom to choose any career, even in a male-dominated profession. In addition, feminism advocates for equal leadership opportunities in organizations, in the community, and back at their homes, where they share equal home responsibility with their husbands. Liberal Feminism In the case given, through feminist legal methods, they may consider approving the right of the employer prohibiting women of childbearing age from working in the industry to avoid inhalation of the harmful gaseous products that may negatively affect them. Male was naturally made stronger than women, and honestly, not all fields that men work in women can handle. So, through contextual reasoning, feminists should first reason if they worked in the company and any adverse effects the gases produced would cause them (Jacquette and J.S 2018). If they found that the gases were harmful and may lead to complications in their body, they would approve the employer’s right to prohibit women from working in the company. Through consciousness-raising, feminists would support the decision if most female workers feel unsafe working there. This helps women view what would happen at isolated instances of insensitivity and if it was safer for them to work around the male-dominated areas. Consciousness-raising also helps individuals unmask hidden bias and personal context to work in the company. If they find out in their conclusions that their conscience is against working in the company, they will approve its decision. Unmasking patriarchy is a female legal method designed to uncover the male biases hidden beneath l. The masthead exposes the company’s unfairness by declining women to work. (Enyew and Mihret, 2018). If the liberal feminist finds out that the decision made by the employer was made based on gender, considering the input the female workers would put in place compared to the male workers, they would undoubtedly disapprove of it. This would also lead to the company facing gender-based consequences that the law creates because the unmasking patriarchy method already identifies them. Liberal feminism believes in the development of women in the masculine reserve (D’ganzio and Klein, 2020). Thus, it looks forward to equal opportuniti
General Overview Information to be taught The main set of information to be taught on the issue of the brain and neural and hormonal systems includes the principles of the work of the brain and endocrine system as well as the neural system. The connection between the structure and functions of different parts of the human brain should be taught due to its direct relation to human behavior which is the main focus of this course. Besides, it is necessary to offer links and facts important to shape the overall concept of this issue. Information to be omitted What should be omitted while presenting the information on biology and human behavior is the conclusion. In other words, the professor should introduce facts and ideas on this issue but should not explain how this or that concept influences human behavior in detail. It is possible to provoke in-class discussion by suggesting certain ways in which the biology of the human brain, neural, and hormonal systems can influence psychological behavior. Organization of the Teaching Process The sequence of presentation The sequence of the presentation can coincide with the one offered by Myers (2007) who analyzes the biological aspects of psychological behavior about neural and hormonal systems as integral parts of the system called human organism that also inevitably impact the behavior in this or that way. Moreover, it is possible to use an encyclopedia-approach such as one applied in the study by Christensen, Martin, and Smyth (2004) or by Craighead and Nemeroff (2004). Way of teaching The approach mentioned above fits lectures as well as a class discussion because students can search for relevant information and come to the class having some ideas on those issues in mind. However, a class discussion can be more effective because a professor can guide students in terms of the right way to be followed. Though it is possible to learn different facts and theories from library and web sources, it is preferable to share information to understand the relations better. Special materials The materials mentioned above are appropriate for teaching whereas it is also possible to use websites and guides relevant to this topic. However, it is necessary to use only reputable sources such as evidence-based researches and peer-reviewed articles. In other words, it is necessary to organize the process of teaching so that all topics were acquired in a proper sequence about previous and coming ones. Web lectures are appropriate if a professor only presents information and does not provoke discussion. Importance of the Material Connection to everyday life It is necessary to show students the importance of this information and its relation to everyday life. Biology should be discussed as the primary concept whereas psychology should be analyzed about biological functions, processes, and abnormalities that may influence the psychology of human behavior. So, the everyday lives of students should be related to topics discussed in class through vivid examples such as ‘hormonal responses to emotional stress’ di
Outsourcing is an avenue through which companies transfer some of their operations to third party agents or entities. The objective of this endeavor is to reduce the overall cost of doing business in a given field. Vonderembse and White (2013) point out that outsourcing helps to improve the performance of the company. The current essay is written against this background of outsourcing in contemporary organizations. The author of this paper evaluates the trade-offs associated with improvements in productivity as far as outsourcing is concerned. In addition, the various benefits of this form of business processing are analyzed. Finally, recommendations are made with respect to countries that businesses can outsource to from the perspective of a company opera
The introduction of new genetic technologies that allow people to locate and modify genetic codes has received many mixed opinions on the technology. In particular, the discussion of genetic modifications circulates around the possibilities of human embryo modifications and ethical considerations of the consequences of such experiments. Experts have concerns about the societal issues that might occur with the widespread application of genetic modification programs such as CRISPR. This essay will explore some key moments from videos, an article, and a film that features the theme of ethics in genetic engineering and define arguments against genetic modifications. First, in his TED talk Paul Knoepfler suggests that the genetic modification of human babies is similar to designer items for their price, quality, and status features. Knoepfler (2017) explains that the reality where the non-usage of genetic modifications for children will be looked down upon is closer than it seems. However, the author also explains the scenario is developed purely to emphasize the influence of such powerful technologies. In reality, it is more likely that genetic modification will help people become healthier by eliminating the genes that carry genetically transmitted diseases. I think that it is necessary to remember that human evolution took a long time, and any interventions from outside may upset the balance of human existence and become a potential threat. Next, another video on CRISPR technology suggests that genetic modification has been one of science’s priorities since the discovery of DNA. CRISPR significantly reduced the time required for genetic modification experiments from one year and over to several weeks, making it a big technical rev
There exist many different research designs from which researchers can choose the ones that are the most likely to suit their studies. The three major research designs exploratory, descriptive, and experimental (“Three types of research design,” 2017). The purpose of exploratory research is to explore and identify ideas and tendencies in order to offer a better and deeper understanding of the explored issue or subject. The exploratory research includes case analyses, focus groups, experience, and literature surveys (“Three types of research design,” 2017). Descriptive research, according to its name, serves to describe groups of participants or events and other entities (“Three types of research design,” 2017). This type of design is usually based on several goals related to creating and testing hypotheses. In the experimental design, one or more variables are altered for the purpose of tracking the corresponding changes; in that way, the researchers using this approach have the opportunity to control the factor they study. The researchers choose one design over another based on the specific purposes of their studies by means of matching the designs to the perused goals. Moreover, some of the designs are especially useful in certain spheres of knowledge. In that way, descriptive research is common in business studies, while the experimental design is particularly applicable in criminal justice research (Lum & Yang, 2005). This way, some of the reasons for the choice of designs are related to the explored issues and the spheres of expertise to which they belong. Research design determines future data collection methods and data analysis instruments. In turn, the instrument and methods applied throughout the course of the research are directly connected to how the selected variables are approached and measured and whether or not the instruments are capable of generating proper results.
Introduction Culture is regarded as the complex system of meaning and behavior that defines the way of life for a given group or society. Among others, culture encompasses beliefs, customs, and ways of life (Andersen & Taylor, 2010). Culture includes ways of thinking as well as patterns of behavior. Observing culture involves studying what people think, how they interact, and the objects they use. In any society, culture defines what is perceived as beautiful and ugly, right and wrong, or good and bad. Culture helps to hold society together, giving people a sense of belonging, instructing them on how to behave, and telling them what to think in particular situations. Culture is both material and non material. Material culture consists of the objects created in a given society such as its buildings, art, tools, print, broadcast media, and other tangible objects. In the popular mind, material artifacts constitute culture because they can be collected in museums or archives and analyzed for what they represent. These objects are significant because of the meaning they are given. A temple for example, is not merely a building, nor is it only a place of worship. Its form and presentation signify the religious meaning system of the faithful. History of Pottery and its Role in People’s Lives Ordinarily, pottery is a considered to be an occupation that has no limits (Hopper, 2000). The beauty about pots is that their quality surpasses age and cultural borders. Although it has elements of both, pottery is neither painting nor sculpture. In general, pottery has concerns that are quite different from most other forms of expression. First, it is the process of transforming from flexible mad to hard ceramic. Second, it has associations with the rigors of daily life and the rituals of religious life. Third, it has multiple uses. Fourth is the finite variety of form that may be created. Fifth is its range of technical variation, giving a possibility of expression that is at least equal to all the variants of paintings and graphics, from water color to oils, and from etching to photo-lithography. Lastly is the degree of skill that is needed to bring all these concerns to the focal point of a finely made piece of work. History of Pottery As argued by Hopper (2000), the history of pottery goes back at least 8,000 years, to the Neolithic times, when the nomadic hunter settled to the life of crop farming and animal husbandry. Nobody is exactly sure where and when pottery making first developed. What is most likely is that it developed spontaneously in different places during roughly the same period of time. Ceramic history could be much older than what is currently accepted. Recent findings in Australia claim archeological remains containing rudimentary ceramics dating back 30,000 years. The area usually credited with being the cradle of civilization, that of the Mesopotamian basin in the Middle East is also credited with having the first pottery making cultures. Japan possibly has a ceramic history at least as long as
Introduction Society is cruel and there is no need to find any evidences of this, just the examples of people’s careless attitude to others may be introduced. The novel Tortilla Curtain by T.C. Boyle is a good representation of well-to-do people’s insensitive to the needs and feelings of poor people. The values of middle-class, poverty, illegal immigration, and xenophobia are discussed in the story. The story under consideration depicts the external conflict between Rincon and Mossbacher families, who belong to different social groups, whose income differs so much that they are unable to understand each other, but at the same time their destinies are influenced by each other. Main body Starting with the description of the both sides of the conflict it should be mentioned that Candido Rincon and America, his couple, were Mexican, who illegally came to United States, looking for a better life. The situation was such that they could not find good job legally, and had to search for some dangerous income illegally. The situation was complicated by America pregnancy and Candido’s constant feeling of guilt, who could not feed his family. Delaney and Kyra Mossbacher were people from the other social side, they went to Topanga to be closer to nature and at the same time not so far from the city. Living in welfare, these people also faced with the problems of the life on the nature, and considered these problems much more significant than the problems of some Mexicans. The reason of the conflict between Rincon and Mossbacher was rather unpleasant for the both sides, which led to the internal development of it in future. Delaney Mossbacher hit Candido Rincon by his car, but neither ambulance nor police was called for in reference to different considerations. Mossbacher was guilty in the accident and did not want to be convinced by police, and Rincon did not want to be departed to his country. So, the accident concluded by Mossbacher’s “relieve to buy him off with his twenty dollars’ blood money” (Boyle 13) because, as he later told to his wife, he was just a Mexican (Boyle 15). This phrase characterizes in detail disregard to people of other country and to those who belong to lower social position than he is. The problems did not finish with the car accident, furthermore, that was just the beginning of the calamities, which took place in the first part of the description of situation development. Being presented with the turkey on the Thanksgiving Day, Candido wanted to make a surprise to America and prepare a holiday dinner, which finished pitifully, as Candido created a fire when tried to roast the bird’s back. The fire spread so quickly, that people had to be evacuated, including Mossbachers, who lived apart from the other inhabitants. This was the situation, when internal conflict shifted into external and mutual disregard and offends became visible. The protagonist of the story is Delaney Mossbacher, who was lucky to be born in a good family, to receive a good education and to life a successful life with his wife. The significant feature of this man may be provided by two facts, the first his attitude to the person, he