ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract The system analysis, development, and implementation phases reflect a framework that the system analyst used to design the order processing system that could be implemented to solve various problems related to the existing system. The rationale was to automate the order processing system to optimise on the computing processing capabilities of information systems. The benefits include fast, reliable, and accurate transformation of data. The problems with the existing system were inaccurate order processing, lack of unique capabilities such as web-based presence besides poor inventory management, and lack of reliance on manual operations. To start the process, the problem with the existing system were analysed and solutions were proposed that could use an information system with interactive features that could enable users to interact with the system effectively. A business profile was written, use-case diagrams developed, structured English written to represent various system development activities. Entity relationship diagrams, activity, and class diagrams were also developed. The system objects, which include and their table attributes defined and normalized into 3N to show the unique relationship among the system entities. The data flow diagrams and entity relationship diagrams were used to show how the system could be coded using any programming language. The resulting system consisted of various components that could interact at different levels to fulfill the system development objectives. Issues with Order Processing System The transaction processing system in the case study consists of various components, which include the business event or transaction component, the detailed report system, the transaction processing system, and the organization’s database (Shelly & Rosenblatt, 2010). For each of the components, there are specific sections that constitute the system, which include the supermarket’s central warehouse for the storage of different products. A critical analysis of the system shows that the main elements used to define the order processing system are grouped into there: The entity purchasing a product (customer)  1. The purchasing department  2. The supplier of products,  3. Hardware on which the software runs,  4. Application software that runs on the underlying hardware and operating system  5. Data that is used for decision making, and  6. Processes to ensure that the transactions are fully committed  7. Hardware: computer, monitor, printer, and other peripheral devices.  8. Software: Application software for data processing  9. Data: Consist of objects such as input data for processing customer requests, output data
The Profile and History of Coca Cola Company Coca Cola is one of the most famous companies worldwide. It has been a symbol of the American life for decades. The company has managed to produce and promote its products all over the world. It is estimated that over one billion servings of Coca Cola are drunk a day (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 408). The beverage is sold in almost all countries in the world. Remarkably, Coca Cola is in the market for more than a century. The company is one of the leaders in the market of soft drinks with its only rival, PepsiCo. Though the company has faced a number of difficulties, it reports about significant growth (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 409). The company intends to invest into its development. The company was founded in 1886 in the USA. It is a well-known fact that the beverage was introduced as a kind of medicine. However, it became a popular product soon. The company was growing fast as the product was really popular in the United States. Nonetheless, Coca Cola Company started operating internationally in the middle of the twentieth century (during and right after the World War II). The company acknowledged possible opportunities of the global market. The 1990s can be regarded as the golden age of international sales as the company entered such markets as China, India, Latin America and former Soviet countries. Geopolitical situation was highly favourable for the company’s products as that was the period when drinking Coke stood for being free and fashionable. It was a matter of ideology rather than a matter of particular qualities of the product. However, in the late 1990s, the company started facing a variety of problems as the company was accused of being involved in “racial discrimination, misrepresentations of market tests, manipulation of earnings”, etc. (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 408). The company has been dealing with these problems quite successfully, though there are still a lot of issues to be addressed. Major Changes in the Company One of the major changes in the company took place in the middle of the twentieth century. Robert Woodruff, then-president of the company, made the decision to distribute the product around the world “to sell to members of the armed services for a nickel a bottle” (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell 409). This helped American soldiers feel more comfortable in other countries and this also contributed greatly to the spread of the produ
The Mahara ePortfolio is a platform and tool to give UC students an opportunity to create a unique structures for their future actions and plans. Creating the Mahara ePortfolio is a great technique for helping the users to build detailed plans that are so important for any kind of goal-driven person. Students are especially in need of this platform as they require a clear organization in order to form their future pursuits and achieve their goals successfully. Creating the Mahara ePortfolio facilitates focused critical thinking concerning the future aspirations. With the help of the Mahara ePortfolio, the abstract ideas and hopes can be easily turned into step by step guides for the graduates providing the basis for structured progress and professional development. Besides, the Mahara ePortfolio helps the students create clear and professional curriculum vitae and a cover letter that reflects all the important aspects of their personality, professional achievements, ideas, and goals. Such portfolio is a valuable document for the student and a necessary attribute for the employer who uses resume and covers letters as a method of initial assessment, especially knowing how unreliable such documents can be due to the applicants’ desire to introduce themselves in the best way possible and fabricate some of the experiences and achievements. Working on my five-year plan was a very useful exercise to develop my skills in critical thinking. In order to design appropriate and precise goals, I had to evaluate myself carefully and identify the areas I wanted to improve. This activity can be a real challenge because it really makes one dig through their own achievements and critically evaluate their value, in order to do that I turned my attention towards my expectations of myself and my life. They became my guides. Evaluating myself, I tried to cover all of the aspects of myself – professional skills, personal features, and character qualities, appearance. As a result, I formulated objectives concerning the development of my management and organizational skills, improvement of my attractiveness, competence, and emotional maturity. I directed a great portion of my focus towards my ability to manage change, as in my opinion, constant development, learning, and self-improvement are the keys to professional and personal flexibility, which is a vital feature of a successful professional. The focus of my five-year plan was ongoing self-improvement targeting all of the dimensions one by one. In order to facilitate a gradual development, I arranged by objectives in a manner that the ones touching the same dimension were not next to each other. This way, my plan addressed a wide range of diverse activities, which, in the end, would result in an all-consuming improvement. Thinking of my S. M. A. R. T. objectives I remembered that my plan would not be effective if there was no way to evaluate the progress. This is why I added numerical details to my objectives. For example, in order to develop my professional competence, I created an objective to learn at least five new strategies. This way, I gave myself away to evaluate my
EatNGas is an organization on the verge of collapse. Urgent is the need to identify de-motivating factors by identifying employee activities and carrying out performance improvement initiatives based on motivation (Cashier Responsibilities: Duties of a Cashier, 2000). Organizational establishments flourish on success when the human resources within such settings embrace quality improvement issues. In addition to the tasks and sub tasks carried out by cashiers of receiving payments, maintaining clean and orderly checkout areas among others call upon pragmatic leadership to make things better. Maintaining and improving store cleanliness and housekeeping is one of the incentive plans in such a business setting. This included participatory motivation. Motivation is fundamental component in retaining employees in the work place besides improving on productivity and employee efficiency in achieving organizational goals and objectives. Motivation can be induced but in essence rests on an individual’s drive to achieve organizational goals and objectives. According to the case study, of fundamental importance is the inspiration from the organization’s management to bring about a new perspective in employee thinking, a key component for the organization. Even if employees are rained with incentives such as money, the organization may not realize any benefits if their thinking style is consumed in poor perspectives of the organization. Therefore, deducing from the case study, the business executives have to motivate the employees based on various motivation theories. According to shah and shah (2000), the organization faces an urgent need to incorporate achievement motivation. Once a cleaner has done excellent work by paying attention to detail in carrying out tasks and sub tasks, motivation will reinvigorate work values in a non competitive environment ultimately leading to embracing moral values in the job environment. In addition, motivated employees feel supported by the management in place. This has the impact of making employees work harder in pursuing organization’s goals and objectives. Other motivational component to incorporate is affiliation motivation. This will instill the need for employees to associate with others in the work place. According to Shah and Shah (2000), competence motivation makes employees performances improve in addition to power motivation that instills the need for other employees to influence others in performanc
Introduction The American Civil War continues to engage historians and mainstream commentators alike, as they endeavour to understand the real meaning and essence of slavery, race, and violence that characterize the nation’s history. While much has been written about the specific battles and the officers involved, less is known about the role of African American soldiers who took up arms to free themselves, their families, and their fellow slaves from the entrapment of slavery (Roberts 1455). Arguably, less is also known about the price the enslaved people had to pay in the achievement of freedom through warfare rather than peacetime processes, and also how racial injustices perpetuated by whites during the Civil War and Reconstruction era inflated the cost paid by people of African ancestry (Schwalm 21). Owing to the fact that academic interest in the Civil War has grown substantially in recent years, it is of immense importance to look into the racial injustices and the cost of Civil War from the African American perspective, with the view to dispelling the commonly held perception by war historians that enslaved people were the beneficiaries of this war, rather than victims. Contextualising the Issue Soon after the eruption of the Civil War, leaders of black communities and well-known white abolitionists in the North insisted that blacks be permitted to enlist in the Union Army and pursue war rather than peacetime processes, with the view to paving the way towards the attainment of emancipation for slaves and enhanced rights for blacks. As the Northern white-dominated soldiers progressed into the antebellum South, hundreds of thousands of slaves escaped to the regions commanded by the Union Army, availing the Union with a prospective pool of military resources and capability (Lee 429-430). Available literature shows that “over the course of the war, some 400,000 to 500,000 of the South’s 4 million enslaved people fled their masters to approach the Union army or Union lines” (Schwalm 22). A history scholar asserts that African Americans, most notably Frederick Douglas, requested for consent so that their people could fight from the first days of the Civil War (DeRoche 32). The federal government in general and the War Department in particular were ill-prepared to deal with the surge of black men, women and children who advanced toward Union troops, defences, border cities and other Union-occupied areas of the South, in large part because the initial instructions for the Union army from President Lincoln was to engage in the war while leaving slavery in one piece. It is clear from the reviewed war scholarship that white civilians and soldiers alike were astonished by the sheer determination of the enslaved people to achieve their independence and to support a war on slavery, hence allowed many black soldiers to enlist in the war though their justifications for doing so were often profoundly shaped by the racist ideologies of the mid-nineteenth century and a presumption to understand what would best serve the former slaves (Schwalm 22). It is documented that “the eagerness of African American men (free and enslaved) to fight as so
How might laws and regulations associated with marketing affect an organization such as Craigslist? Most online companies that engage in the business of marketing and advertising have been hit by a strong social bug that has inherently led to illegal activities such as cyber-stalking. The Craigslist Company is a good example of such an online marketing organizations. With numerous illegal facilities orchestrated by the clients using the site, the company might be strongly affected by the laws and regulations that govern marketing (“Craigslist Crime Wave,” 2012). Craigslist can be held liable for any deceptive claims advertised through their web page. They can further be faced with several penalties that would affect their business. The company web page is also bound to be ceased, and heavy fines are imposed on the management. This can adversely affect the company by altering its profit margin and reducing human traffic. An injunction can be issued against publishing such pages that seem to violate the rules and regulations. This can affect the company’s power of advertising. Lastly, Craigslist can be faced with legal prosecutions such as damage compensation and criminal prosecutions that can affect the company’s general outlook. Should any additional laws be created to deal with social community Web sites such as Craigslist? If so, what type? Though Craigslist and other social community web sites have been said to be victims of circumstances, it is important to lay down additional laws as a means of controlling the illegal activities facilitated by their clients. One such law should be a prohibition against publishing any information that advertises illegal activities such as prostitution or child abuse. Another law that needs to be put in place is data protection regulation to ensure that Craigslist protects the private data of all their clients (“The Web’s New Gold Mine,” 2010). This regulation will ensure that crimes such as identity theft are minimized. Another law is one that requires Craigslist and such other companies to take full responsibility for such information that they advertise and market, and one that is said to promote illegal activities. Craigslist, for example, has not disputed the fact that it is aware of the offensive content that it publishes and hence should be held fully accountable. What are the moral implications of a Web site that hosts arrangements for ethically questionable activities, such as sexual encounters among married people with nonspouse partners? Advertisements and marketing of some commodities and content that are ethically questionable can lead to serious moral implications. This is because the purpose of advertising and marketing is
Subtopic 1: Parenting Skills and Their Development Description of Concrete Experience : I have found parenting to be a very tasking job yet important responsibility that one has in a lifetime. Unfortunately there is no formal education to guide me in parenting; all I have is a handful of literature materials on the subject. I mostly rely on the experience I received from my parents. I usually do either what they did to me or do what I felt was supposed to be done based on my personal opinion Reflection: As a parent, rather a mother of two children it has not been an easy task trying to bring them up in the most appropriate way. There is no parenting class offered in school and the guidance given in the hospital before birth mainly focuses on the birth process. No one gives a very comprehensive guideline on how to bring up children until they become responsible adults. Most people muddle along until they make it. As a single parent my main concern has been to try the much I can to understand my children’s behavior and give them the most appropriate guidance. Knowing that they will at one point become adolescent, I have made efforts to try and get any relevant form of training that will assist me in guiding them when the right time comes. Under the training, I learnt the different reactions of my children to people as well as different events. Generalization/Principles/Theories : Psychologists have made efforts to research and come up with recommendation on the best parenting tactics. Parents might therefore acquire the parenting skills by going for the appropriate training. Since the death for my husband on April 2003, it has been very challenging to parent my children singlehandedly. My children lack a father figure and this has affected them in a way. Psychologists have recommended the best way to ensure that your children are brought up to become responsible adults. It is quite common for child
When it comes down to discussing what prompts people to commit particularly despicable crimes, such as carrying out terrorist attacks, psychologists commonly approach the task that within the context of what they believe accounts for the particulars of these people’s mental inadequacy. Nevertheless, there is plenty of evidence as to the fact that, contrary to the assumption that it is namely the concerned criminals’ mental impartment that leads them to indulge in a socially-inappropriate behavior, these criminals’ sharply defined violent-mindedness should not necessarily be referred to as being thoroughly pathological. After all, as practice indicates, despite the sheer horrendousness of their criminal acts, the interrogated perpetrators of these acts are often able to provide a logically sound rationale to what they have done. In their articles, Michael Kimmel and Kathleen Alcala discuss this idea at length. According to Kimmel, the commonly overlooked aspect of what motivated Muslim terrorists to fly passenger planes into both WTO towers is that these people’s life-experiences caused them to adopt clearly misogynist attitudes towards women. The author explains this by the fact that in today’s world, the traditional masculine virtues affect the essence of surrounding socio-political reality to the ever-lessened extent. This causes traditionally-minded men to perceive this reality as being thoroughly corrupted, “The events of September 11… resulted from an increasingly common combination of factors – the massive male displacement that accompanies globalization, the spread of American consumerism, and the perceived corruption of local political elites” (157). In other words, one of the main motivations behind 9/11 attacks was the fact that those who perpetrated them strived to reaffirm the soundness of a traditional outlook on gender roles. In her article, Alcala explores primarily the same idea, in regards to what she believes caused Andrea Yates to drown her children, despite the fact that throughout the course of her life, she never exhibited any signs of mental impairment. According to the author, Andrea’s crime came because of her growing frustration with what she believed accounted for her inability to provide children with a proper upbringing, “She (Andrea) drowned her children to save them from eternal damnation. Because she had been a bad mother, Andrea reasoned, her children were also turning out to be bad” (1112). Therefore, just as it was the case with the Muslim terrorists’ motivation to carry out 9/11 attacks, Andrea’s motivation to drown her children can be well discussed within the context of what was the essence of her deed-seated anxiety to perceive a surrounding reality and its place in it through the lenses of socially upheld gender-constructs. Thus, the ideological implications of both articles can be synthesized as follows: people’s preoccupation with trying to adjust their lives to the traditional gender-based existential virtues is being counter-productive, as it often causes them to act in a clearly anti-social manner. This suggestion, however, cannot be discussed as such that represents a
A tattoo is a mark made on the body by inserting permanent coloring matter into the dermis section of the skin to form patterns, figures or pictures that cannot be washed out. The indelible ink is inserted into the skin by piercing or pricking it using various piercing instrument. Tattooing has been practiced by various communities around the world for thousands of years. For instance, tattoos have been found on Egyptian and Nubian mummies buried around 2000 BC. Tattoos are mainly used for decoration, however, ancient traditions used tattoos to identify one’s position, rank or membership in the society, they were also believed to protect from persons from diseases and calamities. Tattoo comes from the word ‘tatua’, originally from Tahiti where it was first documented by James Cook’s expedition in 1769. Cook mentioned in his book: “ they stain their bodies by indentings, or pricking the skin with small instruments made of bone, cut into short teeth; which indentings they fill up with dark-blue or black mixture prepared from the smoke of an oily nut. This operation, which is called by the natives ‘tatua’ leaves an indelible mark on the skin” (Parkin, pp. 255). A number of native communities around the world have been using tattoos for centuries. The Ainu, the native people of Japan, frequently tattooed their faces. Today, tattoos can be found among the Berbers of Tamazgha in North Africa, Maori of New Zealand, Hausa tribe of Nigeria, Arabs in Turkey and the Atayal tribe of Taiwan. The practice was common among Polynesian tribes and even among some tribes in Taiwan, Philippines, Africa, North Africa, Cambodia, an