ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
When a group of students are confronted by a threat of suspension from school due to a grievous mistake they committed together, chances are that the students will exhibit different tendencies of perception, retention of feelings, and organization when they face the disciplinary panel. Their behavior style coupled with their abilities and motivations will definitely inform the decisions that will be reached by the panel regarding the case. The panelists will definitely fail to unearth the ring leader and the ‘blind’ follower in the group if they do not review the temperaments exhibited by the students in correlation with their individual abilities, motives, environmental factors, and opportunities (Heineman, 1995). This forms the basis of temperament assessment. According to Heineman, temperament can be described as a characteristic pointer of the distinguishing behaviors of how an individual learns and adapts to the environment. Many techniques have been developed to measure personality and temperament. Some of the widely used techniques include the Keirsey Temperament Sorter and the Interstrength Temperament Assessment tool (Berens & Nardi, 2009). Both techniques utilize some pre-set questions that assist individuals to discover and understand their most fundamental psychological needs, values, talents, and personality type. After undergoing both techniques, I realized that I’m an Idealist. I’m deeply captivated by human relationships that add value to my personal growth. In the many relationships that I have established, I’m always responsive to the subtle gesticulations and metaphoric behavior of others. According to Kelly (2007), such tendencies reveal an idealist temperament disposition. When faced by a challenging task, the pursuit of knowledge from any available source to solve the puzzle becomes my primary concern. Most of the times, I find myself waking up in the middle of the night to surf the internet for information about a nagging idea or concept that has just crossed my mind. This kind of tendency originates from a sense of wanting to be superior, faultless, self-actualized, and authentic (Kelly). Plainly put, I want to be on top of everything at all times. When challenges seem unsolvable, I’m always at the frontline in coming up with various alternatives and innovations to make the situation work for the good of the majority rather than for my own good. This altruistic tendency distinguishes an idealist individual from the rest of the group (Kelly, 2007). I’m always loving and kind hearted to all people, especially those undergoing difficulties in their lives. More often than not, I find myself participating in non-profit activities that aim at collecting funds for the poor in developing countries. As a matter of fact, three organizations
In the poem “The Addict,” Anne Sexton vividly describes the experiences and feelings of an addicted person who is not understood by other people and struggles with the addiction. The range of emotions from pleasure to suffering that the narrator is exposed to when she continues taking pills is supported by the expressive language and poetic instruments Anne Sexton uses. To illustrate the ambiguity of her addiction, the narrator uses similes comparing her dependence with marriage, war, or musical tennis matches. The reader of the poem obtains an inside view of what pills cause the narrator to experience, and this experience is both good and bad. On the one hand, it is the expression of the desire to die, and on the other hand, it is the willingness to live. Thus, the poem creates a vivid picture of addiction and the ambiguity it is characterized by.
Introduction British Petroleum alternative Energy is an excellent company from the United Kingdom operating in the energy industry. The company was incorporated in the UK in 2005 and is operating all over the world. In some parts of the world, they have been listed on the stock exchange. They are engaged in various businesses in the energy sector. It was started in 2005 by British Petroleum, which was incorporated in 1901. After incorporating, British petroleum sold off its derivative businesses to be able to run the current business (Rocsearch, 2006) The company boasts of over 500 subsidiaries worldwide and records revenue of over $ 250 billion annually and currently tops as the company with the highest record of sales in terms of petroleum products and exploration income. The subsidiaries are in over 70 countries of all the continents that is Europe, Asia, North and South America, Africa, and Australia. Being a global energy company, they specialize in providing fuel, energy, petrochemical products, and retail services worldwide. Europe is their largest market and they are the largest foreign investor in China. They also own a significant American market share with a fewer share in the Latin American market. Its sales also dominate both the African and Australian markets. The company has also entered into joint ventures with various companies in the same industry (Rocsearch, 2006). British Petroleum alternative energy key success factors include exploration of oil using modern technology and maintaining their goodwill in the oil-producing countries. They also maintain customer loyalty through a constant supply of high-quality products and at reasonable prices, proficient employee work team, and sound marketing strategies(Rocsearch, 2006). From the financial statements of the company, between Jan – September 2007, the net sales had increased by 34% and operating profits by 41% compared with the same period the previous year. The shareholders also received more earnings for each share held. There was an increase of 19% in Earnings per Share. There was no percentage change in the gearing level of the firm as this remained at an equivalent average compared to other years. The company boasted the same period revenue of more the 250 billion which was a growth rate of 35%. The company growth is associated with a new business venture that they entered into. Their asset base also increased by 21% to over 300billion. The company has responded well to the calls for corporate sustainability. They have adapted conventional methods this is shown in the “in fossil fuels, BP is matching the high profile stance on renewable energy and combating climate change the company presents in Europe. A specific mechanism that BP has set up to break the cycle of ‘business as usual’ is a Regional Ethics Committee (REC). RECs, which BP has established around the world, aim to reinforce the focus on ethical conduct and review ethical dilemmas” (Rocsearch, 2006). The company’s workforce comprises valuable men and women who are both skilled and motivated in the workplace. The organizational structure
Business investors must look for ways of making their operations relevant and at the same time offer quality goods and services to clients (Magretta 2011). This has forced most of them to look for strategies that will ensure they beat their competitors and make profits without struggling. A strategy is a technique employed to maneuver through hardships in various issues (Fridson 2011). Therefore, business strategies are aimed at ensuring investment is viable and an organization competes favorably with others. The military strategy involves combatant skills that are used to fight enemies and safeguard the interest of international borders (Rumelt 2011). Therefore, business and military strategies aim to achieve targets to ensure the subjects fulfill their mandates. These strategies make an individual or institution better than other competitors. In addition, they involve the acquisition of new skills and information that is useful in competing with others. Moreover, members of a military or business team must work together to ensure they achieve their goals. It is impossible to move forward when some members lag in terms of knowledge and skills. Technology is also involved in both cases because a business must know how to use modern communication equipment and machinery in its processes. For instance, the use of social media in advertising is a good strategy for attracting online clients. On the other hand, the military can use social media to pass useful information to the public. It is necessary to explain that these players must make use of modern technology to ensure their services are efficient. The use of new machines in both cases is an effective way of ensuring that they are not disadvantaged by their opponents (Osterwalder 2010). The major difference between business and military strategies is that the former is aimed at attracting clients while its counterpart focuses on repelling enemies. This means that they have the pull and push effects (respectively) to their targeted audiences. In addition, the military seeks to maintain security within national borders while a business focuses on expanding beyond the original scope (Lafley 2013). Therefore, there is no way a military strategy can involve regions that are not within its jurisdiction unless under special circumstances like peace-keeping missions. On the other hand, a business aims at expanding its operations because this will give it huge profits and control over markets. Current Job Advertisement Strategies A job advertising strategy highlights two key issues that applicants must put into consideration when applying to fill vacant positions (Litman 2008). The job advertisements selected are about filling the positions of an S.E.O. Project Leader/ Campaign Management, Product Strategy and Business Analyst, and Learning Management System (LMS) Help Desk Specialist. The advertisements and their links are indicated in the appendix after the reference page. These job advertisements have employed numeracy strategies by indicating the salary scales the successful applicants will earn. This motivates applicants
Both Anne Broadstreet and Sor Juan Ines lived and published their works in a highly dominated patriarchal society, which believed that women were incapable of expressing themselves through powerful writing. Male writers depicted even the innermost feelings and emotions of women, and women were forced to abide by this male-constructed hegemony. As a result, the suppressed feminist feelings find their expression in abundance in the writings of both these female writers. The cultural backgrounds of both these female writers were such that women were not encouraged to pursue higher studies or acquire knowledge. It is from these constraints that both of them are able to raise their distinct voices in protest. Cultural and gender discrimination played crucial roles in the lives as well as in the writings of both Bradstreet and Sor Juana. The cultural partiality between men and women was very much prevalent in Bradstreet’s time, and she was very much unhappy about it. In most of the houses, women were confined to the four walls of their kitchen. The woman was often considered to be intellectually inferior to the male, incapable of thinking or reasoning in the right way. This forced many readers of her time to think that she was stealing materials from male writers. Bradstreet makes this criticism clear in her thought-provoking prologue: “A poet’s pen all scorn I should thus wrong, For such despite they cast on female wits. If what I do prove well, it won’t advance; They’ll say it’s stolen, or else it was by chance.” (The Prologue). In the same way, Sor Juana negated any attempt made by stereotyped male writers. To picture women the way they have perceived females, which very often proved to be far from reality. The religious atmosphere of both the writers was not favorable for any female writers to grow and express themselves. Another recurrent theme one comes across in the works of Bradstreet and Sor Juana is their religious experiences. The Puritans strongly believed that one has to renounce the world and all its pleasures to attain eternal salvation. This belief overwhelmed Bradstreet as she considered her personal sicknesses and tribulations as God’s designs to accomplish His will in her life. Thus we find an acceptance of puritan beliefs in the writings of Bradstreet. On the other hand, Sor Juana was bold enough to write, even after joining the convent, her famous reply ‘Respuesta a Sor Filotea,’ defending the right of women to study and write. This invited her open criticism from the church authorities, and she was asked to abandon her studies and renounce her books. But Sor Juana didn’t succumb herself to the demands of her superiors, and she continued to publish and wrote a group of eight carols on the life of St Catharine of Alexandria, some of which have strong feminist undercurrents because she strongly believed that women have to read, acquire knowledge and learn to express herself in her own unique way: “ Knowledge in the se
Introduction Industrial production is one of the major drivers of economic growth in the contemporary society. However, manufacturing activities often cause serious environmental pollution. This mainly occurs due to the use of fossil fuels, non-biodegradable raw materials, and toxic chemicals in various manufacturing industries. In order to protect the environment, manufacturers have focused on developing technologies that help them to eliminate pollutants and effluents in their wastes before discharging them into the ambient environment. Nonetheless, the persistent increase in pollution implies that manufacturers are yet to find perfect solutions to environmental pollution. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the techniques used by manufacturing industries to prevent pollution. Based on the analysis, conclusions will be made concerning the possibility of having 100% clean air, water, and soil in a highly technological society. Background According to EPA (2013), manufacturing sector is the third largest source of air pollution as shown in figure 1. The industry causes air pollution through emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur oxide. It also leads to water and soil pollution through discharge of toxic effluents into water bodies and communal land. Owing to the increase in public outcry concerning the negative effects of environmental degradation, manufacturing firms have focused on preventing pollution by treating their wastes at the factory level. This involves using technologies that remove pollutants in wastewater or toxic substances in gasses that are emitted into the atmosphere. In developed countries, manufacturers are concentrating on using “clean production methods, rather than creating pollution and then trying to clean it”. The rationale of using this strategy is that it is likely to reduce pollution at a low cost. Figure 1: Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emission in the USA Given the differences in complexity and nature of various manufacturing processes, the techniques used to prevent pollution vary from industry to industry. Nonetheless, the techniques can be categorized into four groups namely, product reformulation, process modification, equipment redesign, and resource recovery. Product reformulation involves using safe raw materials to manufacture products that are associated with little or no pollution. This facilitates resource recovery, which focuses on recycling wastes. Concisely, safe raw materials usually produce wastes that can be used for other industrial applications, thereby eliminating pollution. Process modification involves changing production techniques in order to reduce pollution. Similarly, equipment redesign involves modification of the apparatus used in production in order to improve their efficiency, which in turn reduces pollution. Methods The effectiveness of the pollution prevention techniques outlined in the foregoing paragraph will be analyzed by reviewing the extant literature. In particular, the review will focus on the literature on the methods that are used in various manufacturing industries to reduce poll
The Ancient Anasazi Anasazi is also known as the ancient one. It is one of the U.S. Southwestern cultures, which settled down in the Chaco Canyon. Their civilization was a powerful one, as Anasazi managed to create a society that existed around six centuries – from A.D. 600 to A.D. 1200 (Diamond, 2012). They are best known for being actively involved in trade with neighboring societies, woodland deterioration, and causing a severe environmental change in this area. Even though Anasazi could not leave long-lasting messages because they did not have a writing system, they possessed enough skills to construct strong and tall buildings. As for now, knowledge about their civilization is obtained from the findings of archaeologists, dendrochronologists, and paleoecologists. The fact that Chaco Canyon was settled and the inhabiting civilization caused the loss of woodland was discovered during studying midden of packrats because it changes with alterations in diet. The commonality of cannibalism was revealed when cracked human bones were located, as they were cracked just like those of animals are when extracting marrow for food. Finally, the fact that it was a rich empire was discovered due to finding luxury goods such as shell jewelry, pieces of pottery, and copper bells during diggings. Although the Chaco civilization filed as history, there is a powerful message is left to future generations. The central idea is that nobody has enough knowledge to predict the change of conditions whether they are economic, political, or environmental due to their constant fluctuation. This message can be traced to several causes of society’s collapse. First and foremost, even if policies are efficient in the near term, they might lead to devastation and collapse over time. For instance, the decision to get involved in the trade of timber is economically beneficial in the short run. However, it leads to deforestation and environmental and climate changes in the long run. So, even though it helps create an independent civilization, it as well puts it at risk of collapse. Finally, they taught that a major role in developing a complex society belongs to religion and politics (Diamond, 2012). Maya Civilization The ancient Maya was the civilization settling the Yucatan Peninsula and Central America. They are best known for the architecture of their cities, well-developed systems of writing, numerous written texts, the Mayan language, being skilled in arts, and long-count calendar. Although Maya’s homeland is believed to be located in the jungle and tropical rainforests, the climate was different and hard to forecast. That said, it varied from dry seasons in the southern areas to heavy rainfalls in the northern, which had a significant influence on civilization development. It is essential to note that Maya is popular for its subsistence strategies. Because of an unpredictable climate, they were dependent on seasonal cultures and raised fields. In the case of overpopulated cities, Maya planted crops between seasons anticipating rain and facing high risks of poor harvest. Moreover, they develo
There were very many problems prior to the railway privatization in 1990. one of the problems that led to the privatization of the railway line in the UK was the misappropriation of taxpayers’ money. The British government decided to put money in the railway line, which was already not performing well. This was because being a government-owned company the appointment of executive officers was due to political influences. Therefore, the company risks over-generalization and performance. Since it was done by the government people had lost confidence in it leading to poor performance and poor productivity. The government-owned company lacked efficiency, innovation, and cost-cutting processes because of the bureaucracies. The private sector that was also operating in the transport sector provided a competitive environment for the railway company of the UK. The railway corporation did not match with the competition, which was being offered by transport companies, and being bureaucratic customers preferred other means of transport to the railway transport. The government of Margaret Thatcher decided to privatize the company although John Major later came and sub-divided these companies into small units of hundred private companies running the railway line in the UK. Most people have argued that the British railway went under because it was underfunded but from government quotas, we realized that it always received priorities of funding from the government. This is the reason why the government decided to privatize the company so that they can have long-term funding from the capital market i.e. investment of the public. Although this created a monopoly that was operating in one industry this created a problem that was large and complex which led to the split into hundred units by John Major. Another problem that led to the privatization of the British railway was its poor performance. Although the railway line was a monopoly in the UK and financial statements always showed healthy performance like British energy it was suffering the same problem. This problem arose because of the political patronage of the executives of the railway lines. They had always to wait for a decision from the government to make some serious and innovative decision which was slow and had a far-reaching effect. In the US the railway line had already been privatized partly and the UK decided to follow suit. Margaret Thatcher found it very difficult to continue funding an organization that employed huge labor with a strong union but was performing poorly. The union opposed most decisions that led to the privatization. According to Wolmar 2001, he argued that employees represented collectivists as opposed to individualists, which should be there for the success of any business. The railway subsidiaries performed poorly always making to be given subsidies from the government. They were unable to meet the customers’ needs and the institution management was poorly or