ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Abstract Assessing the global market opportunities is an important aspect of marketing research that enables a firm to understand the forces in the foreign market. This research seeks to conduct an investigation that will reveal opportunities in the global market, how to tap the opportunities, and the challenges a firm may face in this process. Introduction Background In the current competitive business environment, many firms have realised that the best way of expanding the market share is to go global. Technology has reduced the world into a global village where geographical barrier no longer exists. It is common to find a firm having its manufacturing plants in China, headquarters in the United States, and a market in the entire world. A good example is Apple Inc. Many other firms have also follow the same business model because of enhanced communication and transport systems brought about by advanced technologies. Given that the geographical barrier has been eliminated in the modern market, it is a fact that other foreign business players find their way into the local markets as they try to expand their operations. This makes it necessary for a firm to go global as a way of compensating for the loss of market share to the new market entrants. However, Crawford (2015) says that going global is one of the most challenging business processes that business executives have to deal with on a regular basis. A wrong move when going global may not just result into a failure to enter a given market, but also a serious financial loss. This makes it necessary conduct a comprehensive assessment of the global market opportunities in order to determine the viability of going global. In such assessment, point of interest will be to determine the potential of a given global market, challenges that a firm may face and how to counter them, and the best strategy that can be used to make the entry. In this study, the researcher will focus on assessment of global market opportunities. Significance of the study Target is one of the leading retail stores by global standards (Crawford, 2015). It is the second largest retail outlet in the United States. According to the recent rankings in the Fortune 500 firms in 2013, Target was in position 36. This is an impressive performance. The firm has been in operation since 1902, making it one of the oldest retail stores not just in the United States but in the world at large. The management of this firm realised that it needed more room for expansion, and Canada became the best choice to start its globalisation process. By March 2013, the firm had opened over 127 stores in various parts of Canada. This was huge investment. However, in 2015, the firm pulled out of this market after making billion of dollars losses in this market. As Crawford (2015) puts it, Target’s move to enter Canadian market was a total failure that had serious implication on its financial health. The case about Target Corporation clearly demonstrates the significa
Identity theft is a term that we all know and understand well, and many of us, if not all, have been the victims of it in one way or another. It is not surprising that identity theft is the fastest growing crime putting every one of us at high risk, and the fact that it was the second most reported consumer complaint at the Federal Trade Commission in 2015 proves its severity (“FTC releases annual summary of consumer complaints,” 2016). As suggested, it is vital to know and analyze the signs of identity theft to determine if one’s identity is stolen and what course of action is needed in such a situation. I agree with the preventive measures described as these can reduce the propensity of the breach and keep one’s personal information protected. A study has revealed that 87 percent of consumers while accessing emails and bank accounts, left their information unprotected (Cook, 2018). Protecting social security cards and their details is an essential step together with ignoring and reporting unauthorized requests that ask for personal information such as birthdate, credit card number, etc., to security agencies. Similarly, frequent change of passwords, increasing password complexity, use of anti-virus tools, firewalls, and data encryption techniques surely mitigate the risks of a data breach. Other measures include limiting the information that we share on social media, keeping a soft copy of important documents only when necessary, and signing up for mobile alerts that inform you of every banking transaction instantaneously (“8 smart ways to protect against
Introduction Prisons are an integral part of the countries Criminal Justice System. They serve as the institutes through which society members who break the law are punished and rehabilitated. The state of Florida has several correctional facilities, which have been set up to, achieve the retribution and rehabilitation roles of the Criminal Justice System. This paper will identify the types and locations of Florida’s prisons with a description of the recent inmate population and an analysis of the issues that currently affect the prison system. Types and Location The prison system in Florida is comprised of several facilities which include “major institutions, annexes, work camps, work release centers and road prisons” (Tucker, 2012). A number of factors are taken into consideration when determining the facility that the inmate will be sent to. The factors include the amount of time to be served and the nature of the offense for which the person is being incarcerated. Past criminal records will also be factored in with first offenders being considered for minimum-security facilities while repeat offenders are sent securer facilities. Tucker (2012) states that the major institutions house inmates whose sentences exceed a year and at 84%, this constitutes the majority of the offenders. The major institutions are partitioned into levels according to the security needs of the inmates; minimum security houses inmates who are not considered a threat while maximum facilities hold the most dangerous criminals. Road prisons are facilities that hold inmates who have been sentenced for over a year and who are not considered dangerous. The inmates engage in community work such as collecting recycling materials and doing roadwork. Work camps also house inmates who are serving sentences exceeding one year and the inmates engage in some form of labor. Work/Forestry Camps are a type of prison facility for the minimum to medium inmates who have completed part of their sentences at correctional institutions. The inmates engage in community work such as cleaning roadways and maintaining buildings, cleaning up forests. Work Release centers house inmates who have been sentenced to more than a year but who are remaining with two or three years to complete their sentences. The facilities are not secured by perimeter fences and inmates can engage in paid employment in the community. The Florida Department of Correction has 61 major institutions of which 7 are privatized facilities. The Secretary of the Florida Department of Corrections documents that the major institutio
Thesis AMP Energy, an energy drink brand produced and owned by PepsiCo, has acquired international recognition as one of the best energy drinks, being ranked the fourth-best in the United States. Being the second-most populous country in the world, India poses a huge market size and potential to become a global force in terms of business. The decision to introduce AMP energy drinks in this market largely depends on the region analysis conducted on India’s economic potential. Regional alliance and economic integration  1. Regional economic integration in Asia is not that developed as such compared to North America and West Europe, it is confined to east Asia. India is a low-income country, in the same ranks as China, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Vietnam (Yahya, 2008, p. 6).  2. The East-Asian integration, of which India is a part, is the strongest in trade. Transport and machinery and account for nearly half of the global manufacturing trade. India and East Asia are more integrated than any other part of the developing world. Agricultural and other industrial activities in Asia are greatly affected by policy issues and this country rarely produces merchandise meant for local consumption. Physical environment and its effect on trade  1. India is characterized by hills, rivers, plains, plateaus, beeches deltas, and deserts and therefore presents more leisure opportunities to foreigners (Jain, Agarwal, & Singh, 2007, p. 4). The Himalayan Range harbors numerous important states and so does West India. The Southern Peninsula is another part that harbors unique natural features such as the Deccan plateau and other terrains that are well-known among vacationers. This physical environment improves business through tourism. As tourists visit the country to observe these features, they in turn become customers.  2. On the other hand, this unique physical environment can affect the business negatively (Hill, 2009); the vast Thar Desert and the plateaus could greatly affect sales. Political stability  1. Having adapted from the United Kingdom, India’s form of democracy, often known as “first-past-the-post, winner-takes-all”, has made the country experience a period of relative political stability.  2. India only experienced political instability in the 1999 general elections; political instability in India cannot affect trade as such since the political divide is not of policy, but personalities. Economic conditions India is among the world’s fastest-growing economies. It is only china that has a higher economic growth rate than it. The primary sectors in India’s economy are agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and so forth. The economy has been growing steadily by 6% since 1990 (Yahya, 2008, p. 222). This can be attributed to the vast pool of educated and skilled citizens. Economic conditions Favorable economic conditions, supported by the steady economic growth, availability of labor, availability of market, availability of raw materials, and government stability all work to facilitate the venture (Bosloper, Cast
Proposal Section The cultural, political, economic, environmental and demographic processes interlink to result in a very unique character of a place. In addition, these processes operating in the local place interact with others operating on a global scope so that the place is therefore integrated into the world. The most important thing to consider is that the global and the local factors will affect the local place depending on how influential or dominating they are over one another. Besides the demographic factors favorable to the Egyptian country, there are some of the environmental challenges that have been encountered. These challenges are also evident in other countries in the world and therefore not new in the global set up. They include the loosing of agricultural land to urbanization and windblown sands. Marine habitats, beaches, and coral reefs have been threatened by oil pollution. The natural resources, including the Nile river, has been overstrained by the growing population, while man’s activity has increased water pollution through pesticide use, industrial effluents, among other pollutants (CIA World Factbook, 2009). Air, water and soil pollution, which has been aggravated by the human activities such as farming and urbanization, have resulted to health problems. Global problems related to environmental challenges such as those experienced in Egypt, have been witnessed elsewhere. These connect Egypt to the processes which focus on the global reduction of pollution to take care, for example, of global warming. There have also been efforts to reduce global warming which may help local countries to address the difficulties too. Egypt is governed by a constitution which declares a democratic system and the country’s political system as well as the public authorities. The president has executive authorities and is elected by people through voting. In addition, the president is the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. The prime minister who supervises the work of the government heads the cabinet. The Egypt’s political system has more than one political party. The people’s assembly (Majlis al-Cha’b) performs the legislative job, and consists of 444 directly elected and 10 members appointed by the president. Election is done after every five years. There is a consultative council within the parliament which advices, proposes new laws and regulations to the People’s Assembly, and also offers consultation. The country’s legal system comprise of Islamic law and civil codes blended together and constituted by four categories of justice, the highest being the Supreme Constitutional Court, then the Court of Cessation, the seven courts of Appeal in the various Governorates and then the Summary Tribunals in the district. Political reforms that have been tried in Egypt include media freedom, representation of political parties, independence of judiciary, improved civil society, and the freedom in expression. Egypt has offered a place for women to hold position as cabinet members as well as have the rig
The trend in the decline of inpatient care has been parallel to the increase in Hospital at Home programs in the recent past. Leff et al. (2006) state that, “Hospital at Home is a care model designed to deliver acute medical care in the home as a substitute for an acute inpatient hospital admission,” (p. 1355). The justification for this trend lies in the fact that critical patients are more likely to experience high-quality care that has fewer complications, more satisfaction for both patients and families, and less cost than in the inpatient acute care setting. The research carried out by Leff et al. (2006) showed that patients move away from inpatient acute care units to hospital-at-home care because the latter provides patients with greater advantages than the former. Relationship between the healthcare providers and the patients, the issue of safe care, comfort, and convenience are some of the major factors that influence patients’ use of inpatient acute care facilities. The underutilization of the inpatient acute care hospital experienced at the SBHS may not be caused by a lack of vigorous marketing strategies. Rather, it may be due to the lack of quality healthcare services provided at the inpatient units and the subsequent lack of satisfaction on the part of the patients. The management can undertake the hospitalist model of inpatient care. The hospitalist model encompasses the use of inpatient physicians to effectively oversee the process of inpatient hospitalization and care. These physicians take on the fundamental task of supervising the patients’ medical and surgical procedures from the time of admission to discharge. Hence, once a patient is hospitalized, all the responsibilities of his outpatient physician are transferred to the inpatient physician. Harrison and Ogniewski (2004) state that, “the hospitalist model is a process to move patients from an office practice to an increasingly technical inpatient level of hospital care,” (p.310). The hospitalist model provides numerous benefits while at the same time cutting down the costs incurred by both the patients and the hospitals. This model results in the matching of the patient need to the suitable levels of care, higher accessibility to physicians by patients and their families, and more timely communication between physicians and patients concerning treatment options, recovery progress, and discharge plans. In addition, the hospitalist model enhances the level of competence of hospitalist physicians. The net effect is a high quality of care for patients and higher levels of utilization of the inpatient acute care facilities (Harrison and Ogniewski, 2004). Reference List Harrison, J.P., & Ogniewski, R.J. (2004). The hospitalist model: A strategy for success in US hospitals? The Health Care Manager, 23(4), 310-317. Leff, B., Burton, L., Mader, S., Naughton, B., Burl, J., Clark, R., Greenough, W., Guido, S., Steinwachs, D., & Burton, J. (2006). Satisfaction with Hospital at Home care. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 54(9), 1355-1363.
Introduction An accident is an unexpected, unusual, specific, and unintended action happening at a place and at a specific time. Accidents are never predicted and they hit the individual at any particular time anywhere, no matter what he/she is doing. A disaster is the same as a catastrophe as it refers to a tragedy that occurs either naturally or caused by human beings, leading to negative effects on the people, society, or the environment. A disaster is tragic and can lead to very adverse effects. They include earthquakes, floods, accidents, fires, or bombings. World wide accidents occur naturally and every day, they cause loss of lives, damage to property, disabilities of individuals, adverse effects on the environment, and displacements of people from their homes (Matthews & Feather, 2003, p. 5). Recently, accidents and catastrophes have become more common with the daily occurrence of accidental fires, bombings, sinking of ships carrying oil in the ocean, car accidents, train accidents, tsunamis, hurricanes, and chemical spills from laboratories among others. The effects of accidents and catastrophes are always harmful, and never leave one the same he/she was before the accident occurred. With the situation even more unpredictable, people have to stay alert and be prepared for any eventuality while the relevant authorities should have precautionary resources to mitigate the effects of such disasters (Perrow, 1999, p. 353). This paper gives an understanding of disasters, accidents, and catastrophes, and the different types of accidents and catastrophes. It gives the difference between natural technological and social accidents such as; terrorism, and criminal acts, and manmade accidents and catastrophes. It discusses how numerous variables are intertwined to produce disasters and catastrophes. The life cycle of disasters is also mentioned as well as the best ways to prevent the recurrence of a disaster. It gives the management procedures of disasters and concludes by emphasizing the importance of education in the management of a disaster. Categories of accidents and catastrophes Types of accidents are divided into physical and non-physical, by activity, and by a locomotive. Physical accidents are unforeseen colliding or falling, or injuries caused to the physical being of a person, i.e. by getting pricked, getting burned, or food poisoning. Non-physical includes those that affect the mind of the individual. Categorization by activity are the accidents related to the work done, e.g. while driving, one can cause an accident. Finally, categorization by vehicle or locomotive involves the means used to travel to describe the accident, e.g. by bicycle, car, ship or cruise, train, airplanes and so on (Matthews, Smith, & Knowles, 2009, p.7). Disasters and catastrophes are eit
Summary The article describes the Scottish Labour party retracing of its earlier claim that it costs £500 million for NHS to treat knife crime wounds a year (Hawkes, para 2). The article refers to the United Kingdom in general and Scotland in particular. Scottish Labour retraced their steps on April 20, 2011, and the article refers to how they came up with the erroneous figure, therefore the article refers to a period before April 20, 2011. The reason behind the calculated disapproval of the Scottish Labour claims is so that the reader notes the tendency of politicians to claim public expenditure costs that are inflated and unverified. The article manages to disapprove the Scottish Labour party by calculating the estimated cost of knife crime wounds to NHS from actual total costs reported in 2006 and using estimates of the ratio of knife crime wounds to total wounds in coming up with a final specific estimate. The estimate turns out to be much lower than the figure given by the Labour party and therefore serves as proof beyond doubt that Labour had inflated their quoted figure of £500 million a year. Business Statistics of Knife Crime Costs What is the statistic? Knife Crime costs the NHS £500 million a year. What is the statistic describing? The statistic is describing the claims by Labour that the NHS uses £500 million a year to treat wounds caused by knife crimes. What does the statistic mean within the context of the article? The statistics mean that Labour wanted the NHS to be allocated £500 million a year to treat wounds caused by knife crimes. Does it fail to support the point the article is making? It does not support the point the article is making. How effective is your statistic in supporting the point? If not what would be a more effective way to statistically support the point? A more effective way of supporting the point would be to provide a breakdown of how knife crime wound costs add up to the £500 million amount and the specific number of hospitals that deal with the wounds. It would also be appropriate to provide the number of cases that each hospital treat in a year. How the statistic was collected? The £500 million figure was arrived at by using a report obtained from the Strathclyde Police Violence Reduction Unit. The report suggested that 3 to 6 percent of the health service budget goes to violent treatment and offers a figure of £258 to £517 (Hawkes, para 5). Labour then chose £500 million as a random figure from the range given. Does bias appear to be present? Bias appears to be on the higher limit of the range given in the report. Conclusion Labour was not straightforward in their claim of £500 million per year and that is why the figure is disputed. Secondly, Labour does not inform of why their figu
Introduction Following the global technological advancements, human activities have led to the emission of harmful substances to the environment. The initial attempt to eliminate the production of these pollutants occurred in Germany during the 1970s, and led to the formulation of one of the versions of the precautionary principle. The German Federal Environmental Legislation aimed at eliminating toxic gases emitted from large combustion plants. Since then, the principle has gained popularity across the world. Up to date, the principle does not have an internationally accepted definition. However, through the incorporation of various aspects of the different versions of the principle, scientists, philosophers, lawyers and environmentalists have formulated the most popular definition of the principle. The principle applies in environmental and food policies in relation to trade agreements. This paper elucidates the application and the acceptability of the principle around the globe. Application of the Principle Many applications of the precautionary principle rely on the most popular version. The version states that, “When an activity raises threats or harm to human health or to the environment, precautionary measures need to be taken even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically” (Burnett 378). The principle is useful in the analysis of risks. The analysis includes the assessment, management as well as th