ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Korea became a colony under Japan in August 1910 and freed itself later in 1945. This was when Japan lost in World War II. Japan was defeated mainly as a result of powerful nations which supported South Korea. However, as will be discussed in this paper, there were some positive aspects that were drawn from the rule. For instance, one of these developments was the massive transformation of education. It is imperative to note that the latter injected significant insight on how Koreans would engage themselves both in economic and political development of their country. It is also worthy to note that the history of Korean colonialization did not start in 1910. Rather, it commenced way back at the onset of the century with numerous debates and treaties. In addition, the history and synopsis of Korean colonization is still important in the history of the world bearing in mind that it later shaped global political history of the major powers as they are known today. Most importantly, Japan rule in Korea set the course for World War II with Japan being on one side and America and its close allies on the other alliance. This paper explores pre-colonial period that culminated to Korean colonization, events that marked resistance to colonial aggression from Japanese rule, economic exploitation as well as the significance of this rule. Pre-colonial period The history of Korean colonialization did not start in August 1910. While the annexing of Korea was done in 1910 by employing of Annexation Treaty, it was declared a Japanese protectorate from 1905 through the Eulsa Treaty. According to Heo and Roehrig (9), this treaty was as a result of coercing of Korean authorities by the government of Tokyo. Additionally, this was the treaty that helped establish Japanese protectorate in Korea and as well formalized control of peninsula by Japan (Heo & Roehrig 9). Before then, there was the Ganghwa treaty which gave Japan some interest to involve itself in Korea issue. The latter took place during Joseon era. This may be a clear indication that before the close of 1910, there was sufficient history on how Korea had formally became a Japanese protectorate. Indeed, historians believe that the control of the land started way back and as early as 1876. Colonial period This period was historically documented to be between 29 th August 1910 and 15 th August 1945 meaning it was approximately 35 years of rule. The Japan rule in Korea started with what was known as the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty of the year 1910. It was a way of finalizing the Japanese control over the Korean nation. This aspect was significantly preceded over by numerous efforts such as the Japan-Korea Protocol of the year 1904. Kang (2) observes that the colonial period could be categor
My papa’s waltz is a poem that tells us of a moment shared by a father and his son. Theodore Roethke, in his poem ‘ My papa’s waltz’, uses imagery, wordplay and symbolism to create a tone of nostalgia and pain in his discussion of the theme of family. The speaker tells us about his papa’s waltz dance and it symbolizes the relationship he has with his father. The dance did not come easy for the young boy because his father was intoxicated as he talked of “The whiskey on your breath” (Roethke 1). Furthermore, the speaker had to hold on to his father tightly “But I hung on like death” (Roethke 3) even though his dad’s breath reeked of alcohol, and was enough to make him dizzy. He says they romped and the pans fell on the floor from the shelf. Perhaps he was afraid of his father and loved him at the same time and being a small boy he did not have much choice, but dance with his father. Moreover, the use of imagery in the poem shows that the speaker experienced some pain in the family. For instance, the simile “But I hung on like death” (Roethke 3) shows that the boy had to hold the dad tightly because he was drunk to avoid falling. The fact that the father was drunk means he could hurt the small boy unintentionally as he missed his steps as they romped. The mention of the word ”death” shows some fear in the relationship between father and son because drunkenness could lead to violence. However, violence is not mentioned explicitly in the poem. The wordplay technique the poet employs in the poem show that the speaker loved his father, but he also feared him. His father who towered above him and the speaker had to obey him. The boy had to waltz with his father and as they did so, he hit his right ear on his father’s buckle because he was a small one. He could not resist the dance even though it was not easy with the father missing steps. Besides, his mother’s expression showed she was not pleased with the pans falling on the floor and she was afraid of her son to be hurt during the dance. The speaker says “You beat time on my head” (Roethke 13) to show that his father may have hurt him by hitting him on the head and he may have endured such kind of incidences in his childhood. The speaker seems to be pointing out things that happened in their relationship with the parent. However, the speaker also shows that his father was a man who made an effort to create some time and play with him even if it was at night before he went to bed. The small boy treasured the memory of spending time with his father and remembered that dance with nostalgia. He did not want the waltz to end and clung on to his father’s shirt as they waltzed to bed. Finally, the speaker tells us of the waltzing event with his father that left a trace in his life. He remembered his father’s whiskey breath and it shows that his father was a drunk, but still he enjoyed the little things such as the waltz dance. His mother might not have approved the dancing, but the speaker treasured the time spent with his father. Works Cited Roethke, Theodore. My papa’s waltz . 2013. Web, Poetry Foundation, 12 Nov.2013. < https://www.poetryfoundation.org/po
Ivan Ilyich’s Life as Most Ordinary and Most Terrible Ivan Ilyich is the main protagonist in Leo Tolstoy’s novella ‘The Death of Ivan Ilyich’ first published in the year 1886. Through this widely acclaimed literary work, the author has clearly addressed some of the important perspectives of life as well as the inevitability associated with death. The writer takes us through the story of Ivan Ilyich who appears to have enjoyed an exemplary wealthy and high statue life in the society. Ilyich is a well regarded court official who is described by the writer as a noble. Ivan’s life however, is a life which is observed to have been most ordinary as well as most terrible. In an in-depth analysis of this wonderful description regarding the life of Ivan, we are able to see him as someone who is much willing to accomplish all what is expected of him in the eyes of other people. Things seem to be much smooth for Ivan even after he gets married and the same values and behavior of a responsible man would be exemplified upon his family. As a competent and highly acclaimed magistrate, Ivan is defined as an average and common place individual of all sorts and it is actually through this obligatory nature of him that we get to see his life as being most ordinary in all aspects. Ivan’s life however, takes a different course after his wife Praskovya becomes pregnant and it is owing to this unexpected intervention of nature that Ivan realizes the disruption facing his smooth and decorous lifestyle. As a result of this, Ivan decides to avert his concentration towards his official duties and assignments, completely detaching himself from the obligations of his family. He cannot stop priding himself at work for successfully detaching his personal attributes from his list of events and priorities. However, when he turns at home he tries to adopt quite a formal concern and attitude toward his wife. This lack of concern and interest about social, emotional, or physical life of either his family or the many people upon which his ruling as a magistrate would be executed is actually one of the things that would make Ivan’s life seem more terrible. With time, Ivan is rapidly promoted in his law job and he is over-ambitious about being awarded the prestigious post of a presiding judge but this is a wish he never achieves. Owing to his selfish desire of a high lifestyle, Ivan accidentally succumbs into a serious injury that completely changes his life. The worsening situation of the sickness makes quarrelsome and irritable to the many people around his ailing world. In this state, Ivan is observed to be constantly pondering his imminent death as he progressively continues to question the rationale behind his plight. One day, while looking upon his past life, Ivan is joyous in the
The existing researchers devoted to the investigation of body vibration therapy and its effects on the body outline the existence of the positive outcomes. In the majority of cases, it becomes useful in reducing pain in patients with osteoporosis (Ruan et al., 2008). Moreover, there are some other options for applying devices of this sort. For this reason, it is possible to admit the existence of a significant business potential related to the development of the MBE Ltd. Project. As for the financial aspect of the discussed issue, the physical therapy market size is about $34billion, with stable growth of about 6.2% per year (LaRosa, 2019). It is forecasted that by 2023 it will achieve $47 billion and continue to grow (LaRosa, 2019). Moreover, there is a constantly increasing number of clinics and patients who need this service (LaRosa, 2019). For this reason, it is possible to conclude the favorable market environment that encourages a new project. Forecasts related to body vibration therapy are also optimistic. Its ability to manage pain in patients with osteoporosis and other chronic conditions becomes a serious advantage that contributes to the further spread of the technology and increased demand for it (Ruan et al., 2008). The growth in the number of clients with similar health issues is another factor that justifies positive forecasts. In such a way, MBE Ltd. can benefit from the existing factors. The ability of the given therapy to reduce pain is vital for the market and demanded by clients who are ready to pay for it. That is why it can be recommended to enter the market and continue financing the development of the given device and project to generate a competitive advantage and hold leading positions.
Introduction Human society created a criminal justice system to protect the law-abiding citizens from those who choose to behave immorally and hurt people around them. However, in some cases, law enforcement officials may experience difficulties defining the type of the rules and guidelines’ violations. This paper describes general characteristics of ordinary and hate crime activities, as well as terrorism, and the main differences between them. Ordinary Criminal Activities, Hate Crime, and Terrorism Laws are official and documented rules accepted by society as norms that every member must follow. Lumen (n.d.) defines crime as behavior that deviates from the cultural standards or normal actions and may be dangerous for other people. To prosecute an ordinary criminal, law enforcement officials should compare one’s actions with those permitted in their jurisdiction area. They could do so based on personal observations or analyzing reports from other people. Strange behavior, such as breaking someone’s property and disturbing the public, is likely to be criminal. In most cases, it would also be an offense against the state or public. Hate crime includes violent acts with a chosen targeted victim for the reason of their social status (Lumen, n.d.). Examples of triggers for such actions are religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity, and gender identity. Law enforcement officials could focus their attention on the motives behind the crime and whether the offender could feel negative emotions toward the victim because they belonged to a particular social class. Terrorists are criminals that usually follow an idealistic doctrine and may perform extreme actions, such a suicide bombing or mass shooting, to prove their point. Often, they follow religious, political, social, racial, or environmental theories that promote violence as an effective instrument to change social norms (FBI, n.d.). Law enforcement officials should search for irrationally fanatic actions performed by the criminal and their desire to hurt the public in the name of the perceived ideology. Conclusion While all of the described law violations are crimes, the ordinary one would not have a social class or ideological context. The law officials would have to consider the motivations and methods chosen by the person performing an illegal activity to define the type of a violation. Some crimes may include signs of several varieties of illicit activities, in which case the law should determine the course of action.
Modern technologies have presented both software and hardware resources that continue to support the business models of many companies. Apple Incorporation and Samsung are some of the leading rivals in the smartphone sector. These companies produce superior devices that resonate with the changing demands of the targeted customers. They engage in continuous research and development (R&D) in order to produce and deliver quality products to all clients. This paper gives a detailed analysis of these companies’ diversification and vertical integration strategies. Related and Unrelated Diversification The concept of diversification takes place when firms manufacture new products for additional markets and customers. Related diversification occurs when an organization expands its offerings within its value networks and capabilities (Ketchen & Short, 2012). Both Samsung and Apple have understood how to pursue this aspect of strategy development. For example, Apple’s mainstream products include the iPhone, Apple TV, iPod, and Macintosh (Rawlinson, 2017). Its decision to produce the Apple Watch amounts to related diversification. This is the case since the product uses existing software and R&D practices. It has gone further to create powerful applications that run on its leading devices. Similarly, Samsung develops and markets additional products for emerging markets. For instance, it offers television sets, smartphones, computers, semiconductors, integrated systems, and memory chips. It innovates and improves these devices depending on the changing demands of the targeted customers. These aspects show clearly that these companies engage in related diversification to a large extent. Unrelated diversification is a powerful initiative that companies undertake to minimize overreliance of a specific market segment or product. It revolves around the development of services or goods beyond exiting value network or capabilities (Stengel, 2012). Apple has not taken this concept seriously. Instead, it has only focused on its leading products since they deliver positive results and make it profitable. For Samsung, unrelated diversification is an evidence-based strategy that supports its business model. Within the past decade, Samsung has identified different market segments to improve its competitiveness, including hardware, software, Internet, smartphone, refrigeration, television, and electronics. To a larger extent, this company’s R&D teams identify emerging markets and produce devices that are competitive in the market. Backward and Forward Integration Backward (upstream) vertical integration refers to a situation whereby a given company establishes or acquires most of the existing suppliers. This kind of practice is usually aimed at streamlining the process
Introduction Unsafe abortion is a worldwide phenomenon that has existed throughout recorded history, but only a few governments have instituted policy frameworks to address this problem which is seen as a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity at a global level (Puri et al., 2012). However, despite the sustained absence of abortion in serious policy discussion in many countries, it continues to be a highly charged, contentious concern, elevating excessive passions among lay people, as well as politicians, church ministers, and health and rights campaigners (Shah and Ahman, 2009). Unsafe abortion is characteristically stigmatized and potentially life-threatening both for women seeking the service and for those providing it, but this information is yet to filter through to the 19 million women who undertake unsafe abortions out of the 46 million who perform it annually (Warriner, 2006). Such statistics embolden our belief that abortion should be legalized to safeguard the health, reputation and status of women in need of abortion services. There exists a multiplicity of reasons as to why governments across the world should consider legislating policy towards the legalization of abortion so that it is practiced in a healthy environment and by qualified health personnel. Some of these reasons are detailed in the ensuing sections. Consequences of Criminalizing Abortion Extant literature demonstrates that the act of criminalizing abortion has only led to unsafe abortion practices, which are increasingly becoming a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality (Puri et al., 2012). Perhaps this line of thought can be illuminated more by borrowing the World Health Organization’s definition of unsafe abortion “…as a procedure for terminating an unwanted pregnancy either by per
Patient safety interventions are practices aimed at reducing the probability of adverse patient outcomes caused by the health care system. It can be stated that patient safety is the key priority of the health care system (Fitzsimons & Vaughan, 2015). This is because successful interventions in that field can reduce or prevent known harm. Planned local Intervention chosen for weeks 1 and 2 is a thirty-minute pre-discharge medication counseling. The intervention does not have any potential harms, and the expected benefits include improved medication accuracy, a decrease in the number of unplanned physician visits, and a lower rate of hospital admissions. Pre-discharge medication counseling will be especially helpful for older patients who are prescribed several medications at a time. It is crucial that the implementation of the chosen intervention must be guided by personal and professional values of the staff. This is because such values of healthcare professionals directly influence their clinical decisions and thus patient outcomes. If medical workers value precision and accuracy in caring, responsibility, trust, and human relationship, then it can be expected that intervention will be implemented positively. The intervention does not violate moral principles, particularly avoiding harm or self-determination. Conversely, pre-discharge medication counseling is aimed at preventing patients from harming themselves by using the prescribed medication inappropriately. Speaking of objections that might be raised, one could mention that the intervention will require additional time from a nurse or a pharmacist and patients might be unwilling to spend their time on counseling. As a result, the number of hours per patient day (HPPD) may slightly increase. However, considering that the intervention has overall positive outcomes, such as better drug knowledge, reduced visits to the doctor and readmissions, it has to be implemented. Above-mentioned objectives can be addressed by making changes in the nursing schedule. The intervention requir
The foreign exchange market is a prudent factor while controlling the economy of a nation. It incorporates the resultant effects brought about the money entering the country as well as the profits attained by an international company and other businesses. Essentially, traders participate in regulating and disorienting the smooth control of the value of money. The stability of a country’s economic state is affected by traders in various ways. This discussion is developed to address some of the most fundamental elements that involve trader in illegal business and high prices. Price Rigging Traders can rig the prices when they import products without paying for taxes. Primarily, taxation allow a country to set high prices for imported goods an avoid sale of highly competitive price which may lead to disregard of the prevailing products that pass through the market. These products fetch money from the economy of a country without providing any economic benefits to the nation. This behavior allows another nation to improve due to foreign currency. In fact, manipulation of the foreign exchange program affects the sale of products globally since value of money varies between nations. The rigging happened on daily basis where it influenced the derivatives and funding through change the rate before and after the prices. A hundred and sixty currencies are valued through this platform where the final prices determined after one hour for all currencies. However, twenty-one of these currencies were published at intervals of 30 minutes. The traders indicated that if they had orders to sell a certa
Allan Elyshevitz is known to be one of the modern American writers, whose talent is unfolded in writing poems and short stories. He enlightens us with his works and gives us brief ideas on vital problems of modern society. In his short story “Tribe” the author gives a simple situation of the meeting of a man and a woman who while going by the station wagon to the reservation, staying there and going back communicate. The events take place somewhere in Texas during the period of Christmas celebrating. Marianne and Doc are of different cultures and races. She is an Indian widow and he appears to be a Jewish doctor. While talking Doc discovers the tragedy of Marianne’s life. Her husband Billy was a tribal leader, and was stabbed by two rednecks of Texan origin. He wanted to earn some money by selling own made jewelry. Here is the picture of the unfair attitude of White people to Indians. Marianne describes it as “the Caucasian cancer”. She points out the relation of Indians and that they are “stick together”. They go to her brother’s “adobe” house for they are drunk. Doc sees in their family love of Marianne’s brother Jerry as well as hatred of his wife Louisa. The reason is that Billy left Marianne some money, and Louisa’s greed does not let her forgive this. Doc wants to go home to his woman in Santa Fe after sleeping at that house and the end of the story displays their talk while driving through the desert. As for me, the main theme which the author persecutes in the story is the problem of racial peculiarities of American people and the Indians in particular. He shows the way of life of Indians through the eyes of Doc. It is very versatile and brief at once story, which idea is hidden in the title of it. People like tribes of predators looking for somebody who seems to be like “persona infra dig”. They forget about the racial diversity, namely in the US. They tend to illuminate their rage through the segregation in thoughts, cultures, traditions and colors of skin on the whole. Allan Elyshevitz condemns the indifference of White people towards Indians and also demonstrates the closeness of Indian families pointing out the importance to save the institute of family in America. When discussing a hypothetic trip to Asia, Marianne pays reader’s attention to the issue of great significance: “What if you really could go back to Asia,” he said, “but you had to go alone?” Marianne thought it over. “The trip might be interesting, but once I got to China or Mongolia or wherever, what the hell would I do? Without Glenn, my brother, my nieces. Even Louisa. You should understand that.” The other thing is that author gives a clear understanding of both simplicity and importance of living in harmony with each other. It is no mere chance, that the story happens on Christmas. One should realize that this holiday symbolizes the birth, birth of Jesus and his victory in fighting evil. What does birth the author mean? Of course, that one of men, people living in the US. There must be concrete steps on the way of understanding our significance within the