ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Benjamin Britten is one of the most talented musicians and music writers of the previous century. Moreover, he is one of those exceptional persons who managed to live completely and imaginatively the life he passionately desired as a child. Music writing was his most wanted occupation all through his life. It is considered, that Britten attained something of that core in most of his compositions. Britten is regarded as a creator whose music conversed his genuine moral passions, his original realities in life. As these were not harmonious with the surrounding world, his music turned to be the language of an oracle, living on a delicate border between the Wasteland and the Ruler’s Court. The persuasive attraction of his music made it possible for Britten to wrestle this chain and be noticed by lots of people who previously opposed his notion. His themes, so significant to his own and nowadays’ world, were the maters of many prophets previous to him: aggression, unfairness, purity betrayed, the victim, and most of all, war. As it may be regarded, Britten was a person whose influential governmental inclinations were overpoweringly antagonistic to the awareness of the society in which he inhabited and created. Britten’s personality was inextricably linked with augmenting that awareness, and musical creation was the transformative component that he used as a “third factor” to concurrently modify the world and personal identity — the work of individuation. War Requiem by Britten is a composition of great prettiness and strength; it is as well the mature production of his personalization procedure — an explanation, submission, and dispute to institutions and nations dedicated to aggression. Musical work by Britten, particularly his War Requiem, is a powerful message to his society about the huge plague of War. It is perhaps simpler to see such an interpretative experience in those whose composing is policy- or ideology-related. The War Requiem may be regarded as Britten’s analog of the “I have a dream” speech. Political beliefs Britten’s wish throughout his life was to be a composer, and the safety he underwent about composing was rather profound. He was tremendously susceptible to censure; this was an addition of the living subject of unfaithfulness. After studying work of art at the Royal College of Music, Britten had observed a rational home with other musicians — left-wing, lots of gays, some antiwar. This offered honest work and a possibility to enlarge his talents in programmatic masterpieces around governmental and societal subjects. The most important authority was the influential psycho-political effect of the experienced W. H. Auden and his conservative surrounding. The significant Britten’s disjunction from society was his passionate belief in pacifism. His views about war and aggression were always at the front position of his creation. Pacifism in Britain was an accepted cause among adolescent scholars in the 1930s. World War I had brought an awful charge from British adolescents, and now the state was d
Introduction The qualitative approaches behind studying ‘Youth crime’ such as interviews, observations and ethnography uncover reasons for the prejudice. The discrepancy between the subjective interpretations and understandings of youth to appear in such social phenomena emerges the notion to understand and visualise reasoning behind prejudice. The reason behind the criminal prejudice is of course the variations of cultures in context with the ‘Multicultural environment’. Recent British Crime Survey (BCS) data is the best evidence of the disproportionate crime rates. From vandalism to vehicle thefts and from ‘street’ crimes to inner urban cities (Simmons et al. 2002) these variations in England and Wales over the past few years have raised the feelings of lawlessness and helplessness associated with inner cities. UK is following a long term trend according to which the rates of crime pursue a disproportionate figure every year. BCS shows that 1995 was the peak year of youth crime whereas over the last ten years the crime has fallen by 42%. However with such a decrease an average person was exposed to risk by 41% increased by 1% in 2006. According to the UK police, many categories of youth crime has declined up to 13% like firearm and burglary while on the other end vandalism is increasing over the years. ( British Crime Survey , 2006/07) The existence of prejudice among UK youth crime is justified for the multiculturalism which evoke or explain specifics about their offending. Such justification can be measured to the extent where structural deficiencies within the area occurs, such as high population density and high unemployment, and they may give rise to additional, illicit and illegal forms of economic activity, such as selling drugs and the trading of ‘second-hand’ merchandise (Hagan, 1994). Cultural attributes of young people themselves are considered in relation to their offending (Surette and Otto, 2001). Post-war Britain has seen the changes throughout the generations in which crime-prone youngsters were exposed to young offenders with the teddy boys, mods and rockers, punks, skinheads, hippies, ravers, and, perhaps more recently, yardies and gangsters. And while the image of the young offender has certainly changed in appearance over the second half of the twentieth century, factors like media and society are responsible for it. One half of all persons convicted each year in the United Kingdom are males aged between 15 and 21. The strongest predictors of known involvement in criminality are firstly sex, followed by age and class. There is a strong association between crime and being male, young, and from the inner city. High levels of crime within this group also produce high levels of victimisation. In some inner-city areas, the most likely perpetrators and the most likely victims of street robberies will b
MEMO Best Games Production is currently facing a dilemma concerning the release of the much-anticipated video game. This is as a result of the latest discovery that there is a bug that affects the video game. This lowers the quality of the video game. Releasing the game within schedule means that it will not be possible to remove the bug. This will cause customer dissatisfaction. It is also risky for the company since the game’s poor quality affects customer loyalty. As such, the company’s future earnings, as well as the market position, will most likely be affected negatively. Similarly, postponing the release of the game will also cause customer dissatisfaction due to the hype and euphoria the marketing department has created. Amidst the dilemma, the best solution has been reached. Before the solution is presented, it is imperative to recapitulate the scenario at Best Games Productions. Deciding with regards to this dilemma takes the following considerations into account. There are several stakeholders of whom this decision affects directly. These include the developers, marketers, suppliers, the public relations team, quality control, the customers, and the company board members. Each of these stakeholders has vested. They are either pushing for or delaying its release. Moreover, there are other key considerations, which must also be considered. Best Games Production has a long-standing reputation for ethical business practices. The best interest of both the company and the public herein referred to as the customers, are the basis on which decisions are made at Best Game Productions. Decisions are made in such a way that, while the interests of the public and the company are taken into consideration, future business sustainability and profit-making is not jeopardized. In addition to this, the company esteems to maintain very high-quality standards in all its products, regardless of the cost. Given the scenario described above, it has been decided that the release of the video game be postponed to facilitate the removal of the bug before the customer uses the product. This decision is informed by the following realities. If the game is released as scheduled, the company will make good profits from the high sales expected during the holiday season. This will satisfy the immediate high customer expectations. This also means that the additional expenses which would have been incurred by delaying the release would be avoided. This move, however, is for short term gain. It will also jeopardize the company’s future goals since, even though the game is still playable with the bug the quality of play is greatly jeopardized. This will cause customer dissatisfaction. As such, the customers, who the company esteems, will lose faith and opt for products from rival companies. Losing customer loyalty is a risk this company is not willing to take. On the contrary, postponing the release of the new game gives the production and quality assurance teams en
Market Description The law on environmental conservation has led to the increased innovation in products that are environmental friendly including the electric cycles. The Queensland and NSW (Australian) market for electric cycles is competitive with an ever increasing large market for the new products. The market is made up of many competitors that retail in 200Kw electric cycles. The market is regulated by state government regulations with the latest being the allowance of 250Kw electric cycles to be sold to the increasing consumer market ( Changes to electric bike motor laws 2011). The Stealth Electric Cycles This model of electric cycles is of high quality due to advanced technology used in its development. The cycles come with a powered electric motor that is customized to meet specific needs of its clients such as those interested in cross country, cross training, downhill movements, and workplace applications. For instance, the firm has manufactured the Stealth Bomber and Stealth Fighter to meet needs of cross training. The Stealth Bomber has phenomenal acceleration that enables the user to climb hills and any terrains. With a 9 speed gear box, the cycle has 6 or 8 pot hydraulic disc brakes. The other brand for the firm is the Stealth fighter that is specifically developed for training. To meet its objectives, the cycle is nimble and comes with 2 speeds that are used for pedaling. The rider will like it because it has a 3Kw motor that could enable the rifer to move at a speed that is higher than 50km/h without any strains. These products are good for the Queensland and NSW states (Harker 2011, p. 5). The Competitiveness of the Market Just like any other market, the electric cycle market is very competitive as it has many firms selling differentiated products at different prices. Competition is indicated y the large number of differentiated brands being sold in the market. The firms are controlled by state governments that have set the cycles being sold to have 200Kw, although the NSW government increased it to 250Kw in the 2011 legislation. Different electric bicycles from different companies differ from those of their competitors in terms of prices, quality, and colour among other features (Stealth, 2012b). Dominant firms sell their products at a higher price compared to new firms such as Stealth. Rivalry among competitors is common and it could sometimes lead to increased consumer bargaining power. New firms that fail to compete effectively usually quit the market. Channels and Logistics Marketing is an important factor to be considered by Stealth electric cycles. The firm should increase awareness of its electric cycle brand among its consumer in Queensland and NSW through various means. To begin with, the firm should advertise its products through the print media and the broadcast media. Moreover, the electronic media has emerged as the most commonly used in the modern era. In the electronic media, the firm should market and sell its products online while enabling consumers to
Shortages of health workers in developing countries are the result of a global trend known as ‘brain drain’. Many young health workers from developing countries choose to stay in foreign countries after completing their studies in order to receive well-paid jobs. As a result, the health care in many communities in developing countries does not respond to standards because of the significant paucity of doctors and nurses. ‘Brain drain’ can be discussed as a global trend that is caused by social and economic factors, and its potential impact on the global health is negative because of significant reductions in the quality of health care in many world regions. Thus, ‘brain drain’ is a notion used to describe the global trend of the health workers’ migration. It is possible to speak about ‘brain drain’ when competent health workers from developing countries move to the developed countries in search of a better life. The obvious result of such migrations is the disproportionate distribution of health workers in developing and developed countries ( Kill or Cure: Doctors and Nurses , 2010). The current impact of this trend on the global health is the acute shortage of the workforce in heath care facilities in many Asian, Middle Eastern, and African countries. The potential negative impact on the global population’s health is more dramatic because of the impossibility of doctors in developing countries to control epidemics (Kasper & Bajunirwe, 2012, p. 974). Furthermore, ‘brain drain’ affects the health status of developing nations during decades, and it is a significant barrier to the development of global health goals and to the implementation of relevant health care policies. While referring to the factors that can contribute to the progress of ‘brain drain’, it is necessary to focus on such economic factors as low wages and economic statuses in developing countries and such social factors as the lack of educational opportunities, the stable growth of population in developing countries, and the limited access to health care services. African countries suffer from the crisis in the health care industry because physicians and nurses affected by problematic economic and social situations choose to study and work in Europe ( Kill or Cure: Doctors and Nurses , 2010). As a res
Introduction To begin with, it is necessary to mention that the issues of career choice are faced by everyone sooner or later. Originally, all the preferences and the abilities are formed in the childhood and primary school period. Then, the talents and abilities should be developed sufficiently for creating the basis for the further study in order to gain the profession. The fact is that, even after choosing some particular specification, there are numerous options for everyone, thus, there is strong necessity for making firm decision, evaluating all the merits and demerits for not feeling regret for the wrong choice. Attitudes and Assumptions First, it is necessary to mention that the most essential condition for the career choice is the strong wish and intention to work and develop as a professional. Originally, it is simply impossible to make a choice if one does not know what he or she wants of this life. The fact is that, the career choice is not an insurmountable task: surely, there should be some time and energy sacrificed for reaching the set up goal, nevertheless, these efforts will be compensated in future. Whether the career matches your personality, that is, how much you work within your preferences. (Cain, Oakhill & Lemmon, 2004) It should be stated that there is only one of the most essential factor for long term career satisfaction: it is necessary to find a job that will motivate and encourage for the career and professional growth. Originally, motivation touches upon numerous topics, such as:   * Interests   * “sense of achievement”   * Unconscious motivation factors, illuminated by models such as Maslow, Hertzberg or Firo (Kendra, 2009) The Role of Memory To begin with, it should be stated that memory plays one of the most essential roles for the career choice. Originally, the memory from the childhood forms the preferences of the adult life. Thus, the basis for the professions is shaped during the childish role games: thus, if a child likes playing games with medical instruments and imagine him- herself as a doctor, there is high credibility that this little human has selected the medical career. Later, the memory is required for studying the basics of the profession: in school this kid will be studying biology, math, chemistry, physics etc. Then, he or she will enter medical college or university and will study histology, micro-biology, micro anatomy, attain the skills of using medical surgery instruments, etc, depending in the selected specialization. It will be necessary to memorize numerous terms, rules, processes etc. After graduating college, the young specialist will have to study the experience of numerous honored professionals and gain his / her own experience. Here the memory will be crucial for the career growth and the necessity to follow the progress in the medical sphere. It should be stated that medical sphere is rather specific one: it is unique for i
Problem Statement Nowadays, entrepreneurship is widespread and important, as it is the core of the business culture and creates a basis for international transactions. In the article International Entrepreneurial Culture – Toward a Comprehensive Opportunity-Based Operationalization of International Entrepreneurship , the authors state that despite a continuously rising number of research articles covering the development of entrepreneurship, this sphere has not been studied or discovered in detail. Specifically speaking, international entrepreneurship and its dimensions are not fully recognized, and this fact is believed to create difficulties for the companies that operate worldwide. At the same time, this matter implies that enterprises are not able to evaluate whether they take advantage of all opportunities for their international growth and expansion or not. Consequently, to resolve this problem, the authors suggest that it is essential to develop effective measures of the international entrepreneurship construct. Hypotheses In the first place, the authors expect that it is necessary to develop effective measures and assessments that can assist in evaluating the ability of the company to take advantage of opportunities of foreign markets. The reasons for focusing on this matter are related to the lack of research and the importance of these aspects for the successful development of international entrepreneurship. Another hypothesis is the need to include international market orientation, learning, innovation propensity, risk attitude, networking orientation, and motivation as the main dimensions to evaluate the company’s international focus. The rationale for selecting these concepts is clearly discussed in the literature review section, and it could be said that this hypothesis is logical. Apart from the strong theoretical basis of these hypotheses, some of them have to be adjusted after analyzing the research results. It incurs due to the limitations of the study. The Need for Study As it was mentioned earlier, in the problem statement section, there is an extended variety of studies that attempt to discover different aspects and sides of entrepreneurship. However, they cover only general ideas and do not provide well-developed action plan or framework that one can use in this sphere. Simultaneously, international entrepreneurship has not been fully studied and discovered, and the companies do not have a scale that can be utilized to assess and take the opportunities of different markets successfully. Consequently, based on these findings, the decision of researchers to design a well-developed approach to international entrepreneurship to take advantage of diverse opportunities is logical. It will not only help reveal new concepts of global entrepreneurship but also assist the companies in discovering benefits of international environment and contribute to the development of new theories and practices. Methodology As for methodology, the authors utilized the scales a
Introduction This essay is a study of the public opinion on Capital Punishment for juveniles, this is a very controversial subject as many people are against Captial punishment, and many are for life imprisonment, capital punishment means a death sentence, which is very hard to accept as punishment for a juvenile, who is a young person of fewer than eighteen years of age, the juvenile is also the part of society to which public and parents belong, it is the opinion of the people living in the society, who have a say, must try to solve the problems of the youth, who has committed a serious crime as the young offender must have been motivated by depression, hatred, jealousy, lack of attention, and mental disorders, the mental health is the most important factor to consider the state of mind that has committed a serious crime like murder. Public Opinion on Capital Punishment for Juveniles Capital punishment means a death sentence awarded against the crime of committing murder. Capital punishment for juveniles is only used to stop the further occurrence of crimes which are awarded capital punishment, today the media plays significant role influencing public opinion, which is mostly affected by viewing and hearing the highly publicized reports and news through the media. Public opinion is the result of the effects of the crime that has been committed, The fear of setting free of such a person who has committed a crime like murder, is the fear of society, the public does not want such a person among them, and thus the society advocates the capital punishment and eliminating their fear, the public opinion ‘for’ and ‘against’ capital punishment has not changed the number of crimes and murders committed today. Capital punishment cannot be retained or abolished based on public opinion as people do not agree, some agree with capital punishment and some believe the offender should be detained in rehabilitation and correction centers, it is very difficult to decide in a matter of few hours as to whether such corporal punishment should be retained or abolishe