Introduction Humanitarian actions depend on the evidence-base greatly because required policies and responses cannot be developed effectively and ethically without solid ground (International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, 2016). Both the amount of knowledge and its quality are critical because “the international humanitarian community’s ability to collect, analyse, disseminate and act on key information is fundamental to effective response” (Clarke & Darcy, 2014, p. 5). In addition to that, such approach ensures professionals’ impartiality and delivery of the best interventions. Finally, the evidence is needed to ensure involved parties that resources were utilised efficiently and benefited vulnerable populations. However, the evidence-base in international disasters and humanitarian crises fails to be as strong as expected. The accountability and effectiveness of humanitarian actions are poorly considered, which affects interventions and makes them less effective. Humanitarians fail to discuss evidence generation as a continuous process and often have problems with the consistent use of research methodologies. They do not pay enough attention to the direct interaction with vulnerable populations, which prevents them from meeting people’s needs (Wong, 2011). As a result, the effectiveness of humanitarian actions is affected adversely so that expected outcomes are not reached. There is also a problem in the framework of accountability because stakeholders do not receive sufficient evidence that reveals how resources were utilised and what results were observed (ALNAP, 2015). Realising the existence of this issue, this paper will discuss the current state of the evidence-base for the accountability and effectiveness of humanitarian actions. It will pay attention to those problems that are often faced in the framework of Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance (ALNAP) (Polastro, 2014). Finally, some recommendations will be made on how to resolve them. Thus, strategies that should be used by humanitarians in order to increase the strength of the evidence-base will be described. Accountability Failure to create and utilise evidence effectively often leads to the lack of accountability. In general, the stakeholders of the humanitarian actions that include donor organisations, affected parties and civil society are willing to receive information which can prove how the resources allocated for assistance were used. They need to have access to the data that reveals how money was allocated and also to find out what outcomes were reached. In order to meet their expectations, professionals who deal with humanitarian assistance should present the information about their operations on a routines basis. Thus, they should not only prove that the needs they focus on are real but also reveal that the responses they made were the most effective and efficient ones. It is critical to ensure stakeholders that all choices and decisions were thoroughly considered and well-grounded. Professionals started to pay their attention to these issues in the 1990s, so that a wide range of technical initiatives has been already successfully implemented, and the quality of information as well as assessment mechanisms improved (Basher, 2015). Still, the base of evidence for those approaches that work successfully lacks accountability even today. Technology is believed to provide a lot of improvement possibilities,