ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
This essay is aimed at discussing the visit to Woodrow Wilson House. This museum can be of great value to people who take an interest in the history of America and the country’s international policies, especially during World War I. Furthermore, one can learn more about the personal life of the U.S. President and his political career. This site can be distinguished among others because it helps people sense the atmosphere of that period. So, its authenticity is one of the reasons why this site is very significant. Apart from that, this building can be viewed as a great example of the Georgian Revival style, which was very popular in the United States. Thus, it is possible to argue that this tour was both informative and engaging. These are the main issues that should be discussed more closely in this paper. This site is placed in the suburban area of Washington. This house was the residence of Woodrow Wilson during the period between 1921 and 1924, and now it is a museum which is dedicated to this famous statesman. This building is near many embassies which are placed in this district of the city. Currently, this site attracts the attention of many professional historians and architects who may be working or studying in Washington. On the whole, by going to this museum, a person can get a better idea about the family of life of Woodrow Wilson, his diplomatic efforts to promote global peace, his educational background, his habits, art preferences, and so forth. This tour can be a good starting point for students. I can say that there were some details that seemed surprising to me. In particular, I learned that Woodrow Wilson had been of the very few American Presidents, who held a Ph.D. degree. Furthermore, the guide helped me understand how childhood experiences affected by the worldviews of this political leader and his political decisions. For example, he witnessed the American Civil War, and he was able to see the destructive effects of military conflicts on individuals and groups. This is one of the reasons why he paid so much attention to the preservation of peace in the world. It was one of his top priorities. This information was provided by the guide who was able to make the tour more engaging. She responded to the questions and comments of the visitors, and such interactions were very productive. In many cases, such questions were very thought-provoking. Additionally, I can tell that this museum contains various exhibits, many of which were presented to Woodrow Wilson. For example, there were gifts of people who strongly admired Woodrow Wilson diplomatic achievements. Overall, these exhibits suggest that Woodrow Wilson was a very versatile person who was very knowledgeable in various areas of study, especially political science and history. This is one of the aspects that can be distinguished. It should be noted that Woodrow Wilson’s wife tried to retain the original furnishing of the house. According to the guide, the exterior design of the house has remained mostly intact. She made very few changes in the original design; in particular, an elevator was added to make the house very convenient. Th
Introduction The Eurasia International case study is based on the implementation of total quality management (TQM) to improve the overall performance of the shipping company. TQM involves the application of quality management standards to all elements of the business. It requires that the quality management standards be applied in all branches and at all levels in the organization. Characteristic of Eurasia going through the total quality process is an unambiguous and clear, limited interdepartmental barriers, excellent customer and supplier relation, time spent on training and the recognition that quality is product quality as well as the quality of the entire firm, including personnel, finance, sales and other functions. Top management has the responsibility for quality rather than employees and is their role to provide commitment, support and leadership to human and technical processes (Kanji & Asher, 1996). In as much as the TQM initiative is to succeed, management has to foster the participation of workers in quality improvement and create a quality culture by altering attitudes and perceptions towards quality. Importance of a voluntary system of self regulation Mr. Bajpaee believed a voluntary system of self-regulation was essential for the shipping industry largely because of the need to achieve excellence in maintaining the necessary HR focus while controlling the vessel’s cost structure, keeping on line with customer requirements and foreseeing the competition. That is focusing on the nature of the shipping work and the important roles of individuals in order to meet the diverse needs of the stakeholders. The industry had undergone major restructuring which led to significant growth especially into the international markets. The outcome of the rapid growth was the demand for more resources, yet in an environment with diverse regulatory systems. This led to issues like shipping accidents and other deficiencies as the industry focused more on making profits at the cost of the quality of services. According to Bajpaee, the shipping industry is analogous to any manufacturing industry. Therefore, a ship is likened to a factory where independent control is paramount in order to increase efficiency in operations and effectiveness of the human resources. In addition to the differing needs of the employee, the industry is associated with uncertain environments which call for unique actions and strategies to ensure success. Quality in the shipping industry is measured by the ability of a shipping firm to transport pr
The emergence of Web-technologies has had a great influence on personal selling. There are numerous examples of how social media and web-based portals have impacted personal selling. For instance, in the past, personal sellers had to constantly communicate with their clients, and, while the relationships between the seller and the customer probably could be friendly in many cases, the sellers would still have to constantly offer the new products, which would simply become annoying for the client. With the use of social networks, however, personal sellers can keep in touch with their clients and offer products without being annoying (“Personal Selling Gets Modern,” n.d.). Another example of the change that is a consequence of the social media emergence is the possibility for personal sellers to better find clients interested in their product. Personal observations about how people tend to create posts about their areas of interest; thus, personal sellers can more easily and effectually identify their potential customers and establish contact with them. Social media also allow for easier management of client contacts than using a telephone or personal communication only would require, and permit personal sellers to promote their products via their current clients as well (“The Impact of Technology,” n.d.). Also, social media propose to their users a variety of apps and tools which can also be used for establishing contact between a personal seller and the client. This has benefitted not only personal sellers working with clients, but also personal sellers working with businesses (Moore, Hopkins, & Raymond, 2013). In particular, B2B personal sellers might specifically target organizations that may be interested in their products, and use apps permitting for personal communication or online calls to reach their clients (Moore et al., 2013). Thus, the innovative Web-technologies have brought numerous benefits for those practicing personal selling, considerably simplifying their tasks and allowing for more easily promoting their products.
Introduction Dwelling upon the role of the fashion buyer considering buying for different organisations and categories, the role of buyer in the modern life should be understood. Modern economics is based on the marketing relations. All the products and services are bought and sold. The customer is placed on the first place as the competence is high and no one wants to lose its clients. Fashion industry is highly competent as well. There are a lot of different types of customers’ behaviour and the ways how customers may be attracted. Buyer behaviour differs greatly depending on the situations. The main purpose of this paper is to consider the role of the fashion buyer, dwell upon types of the buyers, the ways they choose for purchases, and other aspects of buyers’ behaviour. Types of Buying Roles from High-End to High Street Considering the types of buying roles, it is essential to consider the main idea of the high-end and the high street behaviour. High-end fashion demonstrates the brand building, while high street fashion is sales focused. It is really important to understand the types of buying roles of the customers to predict the level of sales. High-end type of buying role is based on the brand name of the product. No matter whether people need it or not, no matter whether it is more expensive than the same product of another produces, many people are ready to buy the products only of one brand. Such behaviour is advantageous for those who have already managed to gain many customers who constantly use their products, however, such position does not fit those who are new at the market. High street fashion type is based on the level of sales. Customers buy the products which seem to be the most popular among other buyers. They consider it as an important factor in selecting the product. Being chosen by other customers, it should be quality and of the acceptable price (Vickers 2011). Therefore, having different roles, buyers create various types of selling products, advertisement, etc. Ways in Which Buyers Will Purchase Products for Particular Categories There are different ways in accordance to which buyers will purchase the products for particular categories. The revision of the market, customers’ privileges and the sum of money they are able to spend on garments are the main factors which influence the issue. Even though the balance between the price and the quality is important, it should be remembered about brand consumers who are ready to buy the product of a particular brand no matter how much it costs, however, such people are really few and it is risky to pay all buyers’ attention on such purposes. The consideration of the market may help make a correct decision. Additionally, financial and cultural situation ion the country should be considered as well. Having appeared at the crisis people are going to spend less money on cloths, while the
Abstract Allergic diseases such as asthma are influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In genetically susceptible individuals, contact with an allergen triggers a chain of reactions that involve a number of blood and some tissue cells. These reactions are accompanied by secretion of chemicals that initiate symptoms of allergic diseases. Hygiene hypothesis is an attempt to explain the high number of allergic diseases noted in developed countries compared to poor, less developed countries. It claims improved environmental and domestic hygiene in these regions has resulted in weaker immunity in children. This predisposes them to allergic diseases later in life. An increasing number of researches continue to reinforce this theory. However, most are inconclusive in their findings. The developments in the hygiene theory present various challenges to public health professionals. One is that it can cause change in public attitude about hygiene culminating in undesirable effects. Nevertheless, the theory can be a helpful instrument for developing selective hygiene interventions such as vaccine therapies with the ‘right’ immune-boosting microbes. Introduction Allergic diseases are one of the most common diseases in developed western countries (Kumawat & Jha, 2011; Marra, et al., 2009). They are complex inflammatory diseases whose development has been attributed to an interaction of genetic and environmental factors (Garn & Renz, 2007 ;Meng & Rosenwasser, 2010 ; Mutius, 2010). Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in obstruction of airways brought about by exposure to an allergen (Meng & Rosenwasser, 2010). It can be reversed with or without therapeutic intervention. Asthmatic allergy occurs when a genetically predisposed person comes in contact with an allergen. Upon contact with an allergen such as molds, pollen or animal dander, the body’s B-Lymphocyte cells produces Immunoglobulin E (IgE) that binds to its corresponding receptors located on mast cells of tissues and basophils found in blood. Studies have linked the production of IgE to the influence of Interleukin – 4 on B-cells (Lambrecht & Hammad, 2009). This binding stimulates the mast cells to release chemicals, such as histamine, serotonin, proteoglycans, serine protease, leukotriene C4 and heparin (Kumawat & Jha, 2011). These resultant chemicals in turn bind to their corresponding receptors in other cells and under a number of interleukins lead to pathologic effects such a
What People Thought to Have Defeated Long Before Despite the fact that the USA is ruled by the democratic principles and that humanism is nowadays the most respected and appropriate policy towards the racial minorities in the United States, saying that racism is finally over will definitely get some weird looks. On the one hand, over such long period of time that has passed since the African American people were officially recognized to have the same set of rights as the white population of the United States and since the Jewish Diaspora has become an integral part of the USA, one might have expected that both races would have already been accepted in the American culture, social and political life. On the other hand, the facts of harsh reality seem to have proven that the racial stereotypes of the African Americans and the Jewish people are still there. Sadly enough, in the present-day United States, both the Jews and the African Americans know for a fact that discrimination is still a threat for them and that they can encounter it not only in the city suburbs, but also in the broad light of the day in the middle of the city. When it comes to defining the factors which have predetermined further development of racial moods in the USA, the problem turns out much more complicated than it seemed. It is worth mentioning, however, that the United States are not the only place where racism has sprung to life after the years of bringing the democratic ideas into life. If considering all the states where racial issues still exist, one must mention such countries as Serbia, Ukraine, Iran, Egypt, Tunisia and Morocco (Silverstein, 2012, 130). The above-mentioned does not justify the fact of racism in the USA on any account; however, it shows that the problem has spread much further and, therefore, needs immediate actions to be taken. In addition, while in other countries, the fact of racism and anti-Semitism can be explained by considering the latter a result of xenophobia, in the U. S., where African Americans and Jews have been a great chunk of the population for quite long, the situation needs to be researched to find out the causes of racism and to eliminate them. Thesis statement: the racist issues are still there despite all the efforts Because of the lack of knowledge on the Jewish and African American culture and the existing prejudices concerning the above-mentioned ethnicities, as well as the cultivation of the culture of the white population, which nowadays tends to be the dominant one in the American society, the representatives of the latter displays obvious mistrust and exercises racial profiling towards Jews and African Americans, violating the rights of both ethnicities, encouraging racial discrimination and developing anti-Semitist and anti-African American attitudes in the modern United States. The Undertaken Attempts and the Current Score Though, after what has been achieved over 60ies, it seemed that all racial ideas were ripped to shards and that the African American people could exercise their rights in full in the American society, there are recent evidences which show that racism remains
The notion of an anti-hero has a long history in literature. However, it is difficult to determine the period of its first appearance in prose because the term’s meaning is broad and may be interpreted from various perspectives. Additionally, the phrase might be further subdivided into more specific subtypes based on many factors, such as historical periods and literary genres. As a result, there are several views about how an anti-hero develops. In general, an anti-hero is a literary protagonist who is characterized by selfish ambitions. Such characters usually feel like outcasts in society and descend into self-destruction, culminating in solitude or death. In other words, anti-hero characters lack common traits associated with typical film heroes. Nevertheless, anti-hero protagonists have grown in popularity in recent years, particularly as the main characters in film and television. In Hollywood, this type of cinematic method is commonly associated with Stanley Kubrick, a renowned film director who died in 1999 (Naremore 1). Using Kubrick’s films, this essay demonstrates that, unlike other filmmakers, Kubrick favors flawed characters who are wicked and loathsome and incapable of eliciting the audience’s compassion for their plight. A Clockwork Orange does not present viewers with the typical courageous and noble protagonist. Rather than that, they get Alex DeLarge, an endearing but deranged anti-hero (Munday 13). While Alex appears to be the movie’s protagonist, he misses the usual theatrical and classic “good guy” characteristics such as purity of soul and a desire for morality. As the movie progresses, he does not display the attributes of a typical, heroic lead character; instead, he falls right into the mantle of the anti-hero, engaging in deeds of extreme violence, encompassing rape and murder for his delight. He has friends he labels ‘droogs’ who have no objection to Alex’s acts. They only desire a greater degree of participation in the organizing of extreme violent activities. Here, Jaumont (21) argues that Alex and his sycophants represent youth behaviors that Kubrick portrays as unrestrained and aggressive. Thus, Alex and his ‘droogs’ are morally and socially irresponsible; they behave rashly without considering the consequences or ramifications. They exist to fulfill their sensual desires, which leads Alex far from the noble protagonist’s destiny. Kubrick relies on extreme visuals and surrealistic or bizarre choices throughout the film, mainly to soften the savagery performed by Alex and his ‘droogs.’ These bizarre conflicts between what is seen and heard and how the viewer perceives them are a common theme in Kubrick’s work. According to Kagan (45), delaying the camera and distorting the sights are techniques he uses to make conflict sequences appear like dancing. For example, in one scene, Alex and his friends assault a writer and rape his wife while performing a song and kicking and punching to its cadence. To Kubri
SAT’s Validity and Reliability The Scholastic Aptitude Test or the Scholastic Assessment Test serves to measure the college aptitudes of future students and their readiness to study. The history shows that norms applied to this testing have considerably altered over 75 years of its existence and the latest version has become available in 2005. The most crucial virtues of the Standardized Aptitude Test are validity and reliability. Hence, there are different methods that identify these issues. First of all, the test should measure what it plans to assess; then, when it is defined, then, one can state that the SAT has relevant validity. Second, a reliable test is one that is reproducible (Fullinwider and Lichtenberd, 2004). In addition, the aspect of reliability is less contradicting than that of validity. Therefore, it is first better to examine the first dimension of the SAT. Usually, the SAT’s reliability presupposes the study of differences between two editions of tests; if the results are the same, then the SAT can be recognized as highly reliable. However, it is impossible to take two tests within a short period. Therefore, as the SAT has three writing sections and three mathematics sections, researchers usually compare the results of those sections, which is nearly the same. It should be stressed that the majority of the researchers (Fullinwider and Lichtenberd, 2004; Sticker, 2007), mark a high level of reliability of the SAT tests. In particular, Fullinwider and Lichtenberd (2004, p. 107) believe that SAT’s reliability coefficient is approximately 0.9 (out of 1.0 maximum). This result has been justified by different variables, including outside factors and the number of the test-taking by students. The same argument is approved by Stickler (2007) who has found out that that “an internal consistency coefficient” is 0.91 if taking into consideration that the error measurement is about 30 points out of 100. The researcher has also used repeated testing and has chosen 1,120, 563 students in 1997 college. During the analysis, the SAT experiment has detected that repeated testing reveals higher points at the senior level. This, thus, indicates high retest reliability as well (Stickler 2007, p.4). SAT’s validity is the second dimension of testing requiring a more in-depth investigation. When referring to this aspect, it is also necessary to consider predictive validity. Usually, validation is the diffe