ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The inhabitants of the Gulf Coast experienced a crisis well before Hurricane Katrina stroke relative peace. However, the aftermath of the hurricane left an enormous degree of families’ sorrows and household breakdowns. The disastrous hurricane impact on New Orleans and the other four Gulf states of Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida is dramatically depicted in the video ‘When the Levees Broke’ by Lee Spike. The storyline is absolutely dramatic and somewhat controversial to what had been considered a governmental report about the catastrophe that took place in August 2005. The documentary has definitely made an unforgettable impression. This is a well-filmed video that serves a proof of the event to be a national tragedy of the United States of America. The paper will be focused on the fact that the government of the US had outrageously ignored the necessity of responding to the disaster that made the American citizens of the low-income literary fight for survival within five days. First of all the beginning of the video emphasizes the changes New Orleans had gone through. Namely, showing the black-and-white scenes of a nice town in the past and then the colorful festivals held in the city with smiling faces make you think how pathetic this all looks in comparison with the shots shown in between those peaceful sights: the aftermath of the hurricane. Subsequently, it is evident that the entire introduction of the requiem foresees what will be next, though yet incomprehensible how deep and unbelievably unexpected Hurricane Katrina’s aftermath will be revealed. Of course, when watching the video a person subconsciously comes to the conclusion of complete ignorance of government to the disaster. Whether it happened due to racial, gender, or class reasons, every average American feels sympathetic to the utmost because those victims were just people who needed help desperately despite their skin color. Needless to say that a Spike Lee film reveals unexpected episodes of the Bush governing times, besides, some of them really stun and arouse nothing but a mere feeling of anger. To be verbose, it is necessary to present some scenes the movie showed. For example, the doorplate saying ‘Dead body inside, help!’ makes a great impression of how people were made to be locked within the situation with no help and no possible hope for rescuing. The purpose of this paper is not to look for someone to blame, neither it is an attempt to establish justice within the situation discussed. However, it is necessary to point out the people were merely cut off from civilization when they lost power and could not watch the news and weather forecasts, meanwhile, the hurricane moved up closer while the rate moved up to point five. Moreover, people were left without food and drink within the four days for sure. This is an outrageous fact that cannot be omitted anyway. Once again the mass media’s representation of the disaster was comp
Introduction Business excellence is desired by all organizations that want to gain a competitive edge on the market. The presented article is focused on two models, the EFQM Excellence Model and the Balanced Scorecard method. This paper will examine the information presented in the article and outline the similarities and differences between the two frameworks Discussion European Foundation for Quality Management excellence model was created in 1988 and has since become one of the most commonly used models of quality management (Suárez, Calvo-Mora, Roldán, & Periáñez-Cristóbal, 2017). The model is based on nine criteria that relate to management practices that are designed to facilitate performance excellence in the organization. The nine criteria are separated into two categories. The first is called “enablers, ” and it contains leadership, people management, policy, and strategy of the company, resources, and processes. The second category is called “results” and includes people’s satisfaction, customer satisfaction, impact on society, and business results (Schoten, Blok, Spreeuwenberg, Groenewegen, & Wagner, 2016). The Balanced Scoreboard approach was developed in the early 1990s by the Nolan Norton Institute. This framework is designed to allow for better communication and implementation of the organizational strategy (Hoque, 2014). It contains financial and non-financial measures that help implement the key elements of the company’s vision. Non-financial aspects contain three additional categories to focus on the future performance of the company, while financial measurements are based on past performance. Non-financial categories include customer satisfaction, internal business process, and learning and growth. This framework contains four perspectives: financial, customer, internal, and growth. However, the creators of the system incentivize each company to develop a unique scorecard of measurements that are most relevant to its stakeholders (Cooper, Ezzamel, & Qu, 2017; Hansen & Schaltegger, 2016). Performance is linked to the strategy of the business unit, and it includes four processes that create a strategic framework for action. They are: “clarify and translate vision and strategy,” “communicate and link strategic objectives and measures,” “plan, set targets and align strategic initiatives,” and “enhance strategic feedback and learning” (Wongrassamee, Simmons, & Gardiner, 2003, p. 17). To compare the models, the article presents a series of questions and tries to answer them by using them. Neither of the models could fully answer the questions, but some similarities and differences could be seen. Both models were found to be based on specific objectives with the EFQM model focusing on the nine criteria and the scoreboard relying on four perspectives. EFQM model does not present a strategy for the implementation of the framework, while the scoreboard does. I most aspects the frameworks are similar, but the main difference lies in the way that the Balanc
Ancient Greek history may reveal the secrets of the Greek glorious past, when all political and cultural life of the state was concentrated in a polis. Probably, the most powerful Greek polis was Athens. Exactly political life of Athens inspired this essay. In the writings of some prominent ancient historians one may find a lot of essential information about the political life of Athenian polis and the Athenians themselves. The works of these historians give an opportunity to state that in spite of the fighting and dying in wars, the Athenians contributed to the good of their polis. The essay is focused on desires and motives of the Athenians that led them to this contribution. Also, it seems to be necessary to understand how these desires and motives affected the political and cultural life of Athens. Herodotus (484-425BC) describes the sea battle of Salamis (480 BC), one of the Greek-Persian wars. The battle took place in Aegean Sea, near the island salamis. The Greeks achieved a glorious victory. The extremely powerful Athenian military fleet was a reliable stronghold of the entire ancient Greece that time. The Athenian citizens were evacuated from the polis. When the Persians were located in Athens, the Athenian army was positioned in the Eleusinian bay. In spite of the fact that the number of Persian ships excelled that of Greek ones, the masterful military strategy of the Athenians gave them an opportunity to win the battle. Herodotus writes: “…the Hellenic fleet reached its full number of three hundred and eighty ships” (Herodotus, 430 BC). Proceeding from the Herodotus’ writing, one may find that Themistocles, an Athenian political leader and a military general, tried to focus the Athenian power on sea, in contrast to his “bitter enemy” Aristides, who was for the land superiority; Herodotus calls him “the best and the most just man in Athens” (Herodotus, 430 BC, LXXIX). However, their military union allowed them to win. The historian notes that it was a truly glorious sea battle: ‘Yet they were brave that day, much more brave than they had been at Euboea, for they all showed zeal out of fear of Xerxes, each one thinking that the king was watching him” (Herodotus, 430 BC,LXXXVI). This way, Themistocles’s fleet sank many Xerxes’ ships, and destroyed the army; however, some of Persian ships managed to escape. Herodotus underlines that after the victory, they were ready to fight again with Persian enemy, and prepared for other battle (Herodotus, 430 BC). Thus, the Athenians showed the military unity in the battle of Salamis. In the face of the common danger, the Greeks were able to unify their strengths, and achieved the victory. The period of tyrannical Pisistratus’ rule found its descriptions in the writings of some historians. Herodotus describes one of his sons, Hipparchus, and his assass
This paper summarizes the article “Mapping global capital markets 2011.” The paper will also show how the article relates to the topic. The article asserts that the global capital and financial market suffered adversely from the 2008 financial crisis and global recession (Roxburgh et al., 1). However, the article reckons that the economy survived the economic recession and is now growing courtesy of increased sovereign debt and advancements in developing economies. Indeed, the article notes that the value of the global financial stock including outstanding bonds and loans, cross-border capital flows, and equity market capitalization, rose in 2010 (Roxburgh et al., 1). However, according to a detailed analysis on 75 countries provided in 2011 by McKinsey Global Institute, the recovery of the financial markets varies with geographies and asset classes while risks in the market persist. In fact, the report quotes the growth of the global stock of debt and equity to be $11 trillion in 2010 and asserts that this growth mostly resulted from a rebound in global stock market capitalization (Roxburgh et al., 1). Conversely, the analysis derives that the initial public offerings persistently migrated to emerging markets. Additionally, the article states that the global debt significantly grew by $5 trillion in 2010 although it varied across regions (Roxburgh et al., 1). Indeed, government bonds, corporate bonds, and bank loans grew considerably while bonds issued by financial institutions and securitized assets recorded declining growth in the same period. Moreover, the on-balance-sheet loans of banks grew by $2.6 trillion in 2010 but the growth varied across regions. The article also records that the growth of cross-border capital flows stood at $4.4 trillion in 2010 (Roxburgh et al., 1). Nevertheless, the report confirms that capital flows to developed countries are the most susceptible to economic changes. Ultimately, the article reckons that foreign direct investment assets and stock of foreign debt securities held by institutional and private investors also recorded significant diversity and growth in 2010 (Roxburgh et al., 1). Notably, the article relat
Introduction The paper contemplates the topic of borderline immigrants and their relation to the healthcare system. The introductive section introduces the guidelines of the issue by elaborating on the problems of immigrants and the opinions of Linda Poon and Phil Gingrey. Then, the research explores two positions voiced by against or for access limitations, respectively, divided into two subsections. In the process, it was revealed that the anti-limitation position shows more premise and less political bias. So, one presents the resulting compromise opinion from a nursing point of view in the following sections. The summary and Call to Action are to conclude the mentioned points and to form an elaborate set of actions for the nursing profession. The immigration issue and its consequences have remained a heavily disputed matter throughout US political history. According to Totten (2015), the limitations of the immigrant influx on the USA territory trace back to the colonial era. However, nowadays, the discussion revolves around the harsh policy of Donald Trump and the Republican administration. After all, they particularly oppose immigration on national borders as a security problem. Nonetheless, the policy does not entirely consist of political aspects. It is essential to note that healthcare is also affected by the immigrant movements. Similarly, the view on the immigrants’ influence differs throughout the sources. By far, it is possible to represent the opposing sides with the positions of Congressman Phil Gingrey and journalist Linda Poon. According to the former, the restrictions for immigration should be strengthened since immigrants can potentially carry epidemic diseases (Gingrey, 2014). However, Poon argues that refugees are unlikely to spread the illnesses. According to her, immigrants themselves suffer from other problems such as physical trauma and mental conditions (Poon, 2014). So, the two opinions reflect the two tendencies of healthcare policy regarding immigrants. The first one suggests that strict rules mean avoiding possible epidemics. The second one, in turn, rejects the risks and offers to focus on the healthcare of immigrants themselves. Naturally, both positions contain valuable notions about the border refugees in America’s healthcare field. However, the stance of Poon appears to be more reasonable and has developed more measures for reforming the situation. Nonetheless, the study should analyze the background and politics of both sides to understand their reasoning. That way, the conclusion of their points will become more evident. The resulting sta
Introduction Health care in the United States has been on the fore front of reforms for many decades in the past. It has, in most cases, been highlighted during major political times and a number of changes made over the time period. In his presidential campaign, President Barrack Obama made a promise to ensure a comprehensive reform in the health care sector which was signed in the year 2010. This paper seeks to discuss the documentary, ‘Obama’s ordeal’. The paper will look into the content of the documentary to identify aspects which are surprising, disappointing and those that are pleasing. Surprising aspects The end of the presidential race that saw President Barrack Obama into the white house portrayed him as a populist and left him admired among people, not only in the United States but across the globe. Having been one of the president’s campaign promises, the health care reform was expected to be one of his popular initiatives that would be widely accepted and received by both the American people and its leaders. The majority democrats would for example be expected to push for the plans of their leaders in the congress as had been the normal political battles in the house. A surprise was however to be realized as the process of passing and enacting the reforms took a twist and is seen to have been done against the will of the American people. Bitter exchanges are reported to have been raised in the process of developments of the reforms with accusations of closed door deals that were meant to help in paving the way for the president’s will. A lot of money was spent in just making deals with stake holders such as leading pharmacists among other stake holders. After the struggle which was won by the president following the singing of the health reform, a surprise in the support that the president and his party had enjoyed was realized to have faded from American people. It looked like people never understood what the president had meant by comprehensive health reforms during the campaigns. The whole story weakened the president’s popularity and that of his party to even cost democrats a congress seat during an election (BPS, 2010). Disappointing aspects The whole story about the health reform bill was a disappointment to most Americans. Whether to normal citizens or the political class, there were feelings of betrayals that were felt. The first disappointment as felt was with respect to those that were close to the president, who felt that the whole bill was unpopular and yet were not listened to. Many of the president’s advisers for example were opposed to the campaigns for the bill but were ignored by the president. The major close group that felt the disappointment was the democrat community that suffered from popularity setback. The entire American society, especially the ones who voted for the president also felt the disappointment (BPS, 2010). Pleasing Aspects Though the process of passing the bill was marked with a lot of controversies, there were a nu
Introduction The nutritional status of an individual is affected by several variables. It is influenced by the quantity and quality of food taken. The nutritional status of an individual can fall into one of four status classes (healthy, malnourished, overweight, and obese) (Sheldon 2005). The nutritional status of an individual can be determined through nutritional assessment. There are four commonly used nutritional status assessment methods. They include anthropometric methods, clinical methods, biochemical methods, and dietary evaluation methods. The anthropometric method focuses on physical body parameters such as height, weight, skin folds, and waist circumference. Anthropometric methods are often used for two purposes. The first one is to identify individuals and populations at risk for malnourishment. The second one is to identify individuals and populations who are malnourished. It can accurately identify undernutrition and overnutrition. Anthropometry is preferred over other nutritional assessment methods because of its specificity and sensitivity. Moreover, it is cheap and does not require specialized training. In this study, a group of students was asked to give information that would be used to estimate individual and group nutritional status. The study investigated the influence of various variables, including place of upbringing and physical measurements, on the health status of an individual. In this study height, weight, triceps skinfold, hip circumference, waist circumference, and mid-upper arm circumference were studied. The data obtained were grouped according to sex and country of upbringing. Analyzed data was presented using tables and histograms. The results can be used to formulate ways of maintaining health (WHO Technical Report Series n.d). The most widely used anthropometric variable is BMI, which is a function of height and weight. Body mass index is widely used by nutritionists to diagnose nutritional disorders. Several nutritional disorders can be predicted using this parameter. When used alongside waist circumference and visceral fat estimation, its accuracy is enhanced. It can be used to gauge the risk for metabolic syndromes (Korinek et al 2008). A metabolic syndrome is a group of disorders that when occurring together, increase the risk for mortality and morbidity from some diseases. Higher BMIs indicate obesity, and according to the World Health Organization, an individual can either be moderately obese
Psychoanalytic Theory The psychoanalytic theory was developed by Freud Sigmund in the late 19 th century. Freud states in this theory that the impact of early childhood experiences that are stored in an individuals subconscious play a big role in the development of emotional problems in adulthood. In this theory, human nature is based on determinism. Freud places the structure of personality into three systems. These are the id, the ego and the superego. The id is the mind’s main source of energy and also the point that generates instincts in the unconscious part of the mind that is guided by the demand for pleasure and satisfaction. The ego is the conscious part of the mind and is responsible for controlling and regulating one’s personality. It enables an individual to always be in touch with reality and he strives to satisfy his or her needs. The superego, on the other hand, is the ethical element or moral code that enables one to differentiate between good and bad. It regulates an individual’s ideals including beliefs that are passed from one generation to the other (Burger, 2008, p. 45). Freud identifies three basic concepts in this theory. The main concept is the unconscious, which acts as a store in a persons mental state that carries experiences that one may not be aware of, but which can be easily be transferred into the preconscious and eventually into the conscious. These experiences can also be inferred from one’s behavior. The second concept is resistance, which is defined as the process through which elements of the unconscious are barred from the unconscious awareness by a repressive force. The third concept that Freud came up with is what he called transference, a concept through which people transfer aspects of their experiences with other in the past to others in a way that the connection between is their past feelings (Burger, 2008, p. 44). This theory works well in a multicultural setting. It enables people in a community or institution to understand the current problems of an individual by using the elaborated psychoanalytical concepts. Exploring the historical or cultural context of an individual’s problems may not be easy, but if one understands how certain events affected the individual in the past, then one can be in a position to offer help when such events happen again. Understanding a person’s personality helps in coming up with possible interventions. This works well with group therapists who deal with clients from different cultures. There are many strengths of this theory. Using it one is able to understand the patterns of an individual’s personality development early in life. The unconscious forces that propel individuals into actions are also understood. One also understands the importance of defense mechanisms in one’s personality. All these are useful especially in psychotherapy. The weaknesses of this theory come from the fact that psychoanalysis is seen by many as not being an exact science and therefore, all conclusi