Introduction The cellular phone technology has evolved tremendously compared to the old phone technology. It is however important to acknowledge the significant role the old cell phone technology has played as it has been the basis for the development of the new technology.In 1886, a Canadian named Reginald Fessenden together with Thomas Edison invented wireless communication that used radio waves for transmission. Their first successful audio transmission was established in December 23, 1900 and the transmissions only covered a radius of 1.6 kilometers. The end of World War 2 in 1945 marked the beginning of the cell phone era. The cell phones were highly effective and could cover a large area because they were operated from cell phone base stations. The laboratory technicians at AT&T Company helped to make the first cells for cell phone base stations. In 1966, the first Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) was developed by Gene Roddenberry. The innovation meant a change from paper and pencils to a more sophisticated digital processing on portable electronic tablets. The electronic tablets were sizeable and used pen based input. The idea was a major milestone as far as technology was concerned in those days because it meant a relief from paper work. Many companies including Apple, IBM, Hewlett Packard, Motorola, the GO Corporation, EO Inc and Momenta started to produce PDAs in the 1990s and analysts predicted huge sales. The move was necessitated by the fact that the PDA user interface was supported by advanced software like modems, handwriting recognition, power and memory applications. PDA companies The PDA technology turned out to be a short lived venture. After a successful invention of the PDA that had earlier been seen as successful, operational shortcomings saw the need for better inventions that would address customers’ needs satisfactorily. The companies did not know the features that customers wanted integrated into new technological innovations and the extent to which the customers were willing to pay for them. This development was probably because they did not have a clear definition of the kind of market they wanted to serve. Even after launching their products, the PDA companies did not use customer feedback to rectify the problems that emerged. The PDA developers used technology whose market trends were not effectively researched. The handwriting recognition software, for instance, was only 95% accurate. The power of the processor, the lifespan of the battery and the memory that was required to enhance the PDA performance were not well developed. This idea meant that the earlier use of pencil and paper could have been more accurate and reliable than the PDA but reverting back to the pencil and paper would not have been a proper alternative. The PDA companies did not have efficient supply and distribution channels and appropriate suppliers and distributors. The said challenges led to lack of market awareness about the basic functions of the pen-based PDAs. Lack of proper promotion led to confusion in the market about the exact users intended for those gadgets. The other reason that led to the collapse of the PDA companies was because the profits they made could not sustain the higher research and development