ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The ideological impact of the American Dream is enormous and unpredictable. The concept can evoke many diverse emotions, especially in creative people such as poets. Walt Whitman and Langston Hughes, two prominent figures of American poetry of the past, are of them. “I Hear America Singing,” “I, Too,” “Harlem,” and “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” are the emotional responses to the American Dream and societal processes relevant to those times. This work will analyze these 4 four poems representing the two sides of the United States (US) society, those who are already part of the American Dream and those who want to become one. Themes Whitman writes about rapidly growing and developing America in his work. Every person the author mentions goes toward their dream that “belongs to him or her and none else” through hard and honest work (Whitman). “I, Too” by Hughes is a belated response from the Black community, and it feels like a natural continuation of Whitman’s poem. Hughes further discusses the meaning of the American Dream for Black people in “Harlem.” He also thinks about his and their historical significance in “The Negro Speaks of Rivers.” Literary Devices Whitman’s use of literary devices makes his work sound like the carol he mentions or any other religious song. It includes frequent anaphors as well as enjambment as the whole poem is one hefty sentence (Whitman). Hughes also reinforces his message with anaphors and resorts to repetition (“Harlem”). He uses the apostrophe in “I, Too” and “Harlem” to address Whitman, the people he represents, and the audience. Structure The first stanzas in Whitman’s poem have rhyme, but he then sacrifices it to give the audience a religious-like emotional effect. It is noteworthy that “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” is structurally similar to Whitman’s one. However, Hughes uses the usual ABAB rhyme scheme in “Harlem.” The poetic style in “I, Too” is also closer to the standard verse structure. Whereas Whitman uses long sentences that stretch over many stanzas, Hughes uses short phrases. Conclusion This work examines four poems, one by Whitman and three by Hughes. Poets discuss the American Dream and the place of their communities in US society. However, their points of view in terms of social belonging are radically different. Whitman speaks for those already socially accepted to belong to the American Dream, and Hughes represents the Black community that wants to be a part of it. Works Cited Hughes, Langston. “ Harlem .” Poetry Foundation . Web. Hughes, Langston. “ I, Too. ” Poetry Foundation . Web. Hughes, Langston. “ The Negro Speaks of Rivers ” Poetry Foundation . Web. Whitman, Walt. “ I Hear America Singing. ” Poetry Foundation . Web.
When medical practitioners take an ethical stance that disrupts the norm There are times when medical professionals may need to take a position regarding a patient’s condition that may go against the popular norm or opinion of society. In such instances, a medical practitioner must find a supporting network on which to fall back to keep from uninformed lawsuits and unnecessary public ridicule (Paulsen, 2011). Such positions should be provided for in their medical conduct code so that they do not find themselves at logger’s heads with the law or risk having their operation license revoked. This would have deleterious effects on professional practice and operation in the industry. Trustworthiness of a health care professional and its implications for professional practice As a health care professional, my trustworthiness is always at the forefront of my patients’ minds. My trustworthiness upholds the integrity of the medical profession. It also helps patients corporate fully in helping identify and remedy their medical problems. It is the central value in a productive and efficient health care practice, which presents a good avenue to have a reputation and allows me to work effectively, giving to society what it is due. Also, this quality is an integral part of my code of conduct as a medical practitioner. Therefore, it obligates me to be observant and adherent to it so that my nursing practice is both professional and appropriate.
Product Description Product/Service and Industry Sector Foot orienteering is a new sporting product that the young, the middle-aged, and the old individuals can undertake. Ferguson and Turbyhill (2013) describes foot orienteering as a sport that involves navigation of terrains on foot, which are unfamiliar to the participants. Since the firm offers foot orienteering (the sport) and Rockstar (the drink), it falls under the industry sector of sports in the United Kingdom. The participants need an energy drink to energize and rejuvenate their bodies. The United Kingdom has elaborate legal structures that define and guide the sport industry and thus support foot orienteering. Legal Structure and Business Unit Legal structures in the United Kingdom recognize foot orienteering as a sport, which has existed for several years and is currently under the management and control of the British Orienteering Federation (Hawkins 2010). The study selected the United Kingdom, which has a target market that comprise of the youth, the middle-aged adults, and the old adults. Moreover, Rockstar is a safe energy drink because it meets international standards of consumer safety, and thus, the participants of the sport should take it during and after engaging in foot orienteering. Thus, the service of foot orienteering and the sale of Rockstar as energy drink should occur in the same place. Market Analysis PESTEL Analysis and the Target Market The political system of the United Kingdom is stable and well structured. Stable Political structures promote tranquility and economic growth of a country (Bowman & Gatignon 2010). United Kingdom has a capitalistic form of economy that encourages entrepreneurship and innovation and enhances the purchasing power of potential consumers. Moreover, liberal socio-cultural setting in the country encourages participation in sports. The citizens of the country are enlightened, and thus, participate in sports, and consume of Rockstar. Remarkably, the United Kingdom has an advanced technology, especially in sector like ICT. Technological advancements facilitate easy marketing and sale of foot orienteering and Rockstar. The country has created a good marketing environment for entrepreneurs to sell their products by instituting policies like well-structured legal frameworks. The country has organized legal frameworks that govern sports and business industries. The legal provisions also promote the provision of safe and high quality products. Porters Five Forces The first force in the Porter’s five forces is the bargaining power of suppliers and is very important for its effective application makes suppliers deliver the products on time in the right quantity and qualities, as well as fair prices. Bargaining power of customers is the second force, which enhances the volume of sales if a firm controls it effectively (Faarup 2010). The third force is the threat of new entrants that eventually reduces the profitability of the fir
Introduction Alcohol use is a health issue as abuse of alcohol has many harmful effects on the health status of the users. In Australia, the use of alcohol poses significant health problems to individuals, families, communities, and the health care system because it requires many resources to treat harmful effects and rehabilitate people who have experienced alcoholism. The rampant use of alcohol in Australia normally occurs in religious, cultural, social, and business celebrations where adults indulge in drinking as a way of life. According to the Australian National Council on Drugs (2001), the Australian culture supports alcohol consumption because statistics reveal that, about 61% of the Australian population accepts the consumption of alcohol. Moreover, given that the use of alcohol has serious health consequences, it means that Australian health care system is set to bear huge health problems associated with alcohol use (Collins & Lapsley, 2008). Thus, to understand the issue of alcohol use in Australia, this paper examines the prevalence, causal factors, preventive strategies, and then criticizes the effectiveness of these strategies in curbing the use and abuse of alcohol. Prevalence of Alcohol Use As aforementioned, Australian culture endorses and supports the use of alcohol. Critical examination of the historical behavior of Australians shows that they used alcohol in social and cultural celebrations. The current society has embraced the use of alcohol as part of their culture, beliefs, and traditions. According to the National Preventative Health Taskforce (2008), drinking alcohol is an intricate part of Australian traditions and culture. From this knowledge, it is evident that a majority of Australians drink or support drinking alcohol. Statistics point out that about 72% of Australians regularly drink alcohol in moderations that do not have long-term health impacts (Rickwood, Magor-Blatch, Mattick, Guenert, Zavrou, & Akers, 2008). However, the drinking culture of Australians predisposes many drinkers to alcoholism, and severe harmful effects of alcohol. With culture and traditions of Australians, it is predictable that most Australians will indulge in alcohol use and abuse, if there is no change in behavior. In the Australian population, men are the most consumers of alcohol when compared to women. This trend runs deep into Australian history, but current trends show that the number of women who consume alcohol is on the increase. Statistics indicate that about 46% of men and approximately 32 % of women consume alcohol in quantities that pose significant harm to their health (Heale, Stockwell, Dietze, Chikritzhs, and Catalono, 2000). Such statistics designate that the health care system
What are the main topic challenges? The article “The Four Lenses of Game Making” highlights the challenges related to the classification of games. It should be noted that some of them are role-based activities that require players to assume a new identity. Additionally, one can speak about rule-based games that prompt a person to comply with a set of rigid rules and choose the most optimal strategies to win. Furthermore, some of the games can have a clear narrative, while others lack this component. The main challenge associated with this topic is that many games are rather difficult to classify. For instance, one can speak about Final Fantasy VII that incorporates the elements of different types. Thus, conventional criteria may not be applicable for understanding and describing the diversity of games. Additionally, this article demonstrates that it can be rather difficult for designers to combine the elements of different game types to create real masterpieces that can appeal to many people. These professionals need to understand how people can respond to various games. Much attention should be paid to the emotional experiences of users. These are the issues that should be taken into account by the readers. What are the main topic motivations? On the whole, the discussion of this topic has several motivations. In this case, one should focus on its practical implications. It is necessary to keep in mind that games can be critical for the development of a person’s cognitive skills such as problem-solving. For instance, it is possible to mention the positive influence of various board games. Thus, this issue can have significant implications for parents and educators. Additionally, one should mention that the understanding of this topic can be important for IT companies that design video games. Thus, this information can be important for the financial performance of these organizations. Apart from that, this knowledge can be of great importance to psychologists. These professionals need to determine how different games can impact the behavior of a person. One should bear in mind that some of these activities can have a detrimental effect on the inner world of a person. This is one of the reasons why scholars examine different types of games. Thus, one should not suppose that this topic has only theoretical implications. How it can be applied to education? On the whole, the discussion of this issue should be taken into account by educators who work with students representing various age groups. They can use different types of games. In particular, these professionals can apply games to foster the socialization of children. For instance, students can be encouraged to act the characters of a story or a play. In this way, learners can practice cooperation and conflict resolution. Additionally, such activities are important f
United States Mortgage Crisis began in the year 2007 and it affected the entire world. It brought financial crisis in all the parts of the world and this was as a result of bad financial modeling. An increase in the rate of borrowing also caused mortgage crisis in United States. The United States government had ignored rise in home prices not knowing that it might cost the entire world. Severe impacts were felt all over the world as a result of mortgage crisis some of which include rise in mortgage foreclosures and delinquencies and decline of mortgage securities (Caprio 212; Dornbusch 311). This paper describes the United States mortgage crisis problem explaining its significance/importance. It also compares what political leaders have done to help alleviate the problem. As the adjustable-rate mortgage values increased over time, many more home owners defaulted leading to high number of mortgage delinquents (Shiller 45). This is because many home owners found it difficult refinance their mortgages due increasing rates of monthly repayments. This was compounded by the lost of value by the assets used as collaterals for the mortgages and held by the lenders. The lending process also suffered as the mortgage-backed debt purchases and securities by global investors also plunged. These investors also showed a decline in their willingness and capacity to support the lending process as a whole. This trend sent across all the global financial markets which responded tightening of their credit lending capabilities. This worldwide panic slowed down the economic growth of Europe and United States and the global economies in general (Kaminsky &Reinhart 473 – 500). United States housing bubble peaked up in between 2005-2006 which led to immediate trigger or cause of mortgage crisis. Around 2004 to 2007, lenders began to originate high risk mortgages in large numbers. With the loan incentives, the loans soon followed the trend exhibited by the adjustable and subprime rate mortgages (ARM). Buoyed by initial increasing home values, more Americans took mortgages with the hope of repaying at favorable rates leading to the housing bubble (Krugman 96). In addition, lack of water tight loan acquisition policies and regulations from the government side al
Introduction Any democracy in the world today faces major threats in many sectors that risk its sovereignty besides undermining its existence. The United States has put various innovative measures to protect its citizens’ interests from these threats with counterintelligence and counterespionage being among the most significant. According to Sims, traditional counterintelligence involved operations aimed at barring, interrupting, or destroying the enemy’s intelligence operations (Sims, 2009, p.21). The US faces contemporary threats such as terrorism and economic sabotage among others. As revealed later in the paper, the existing US’ counterintelligence and counterespionage measures are relatively ineffective against such threats. The paper looks at the 21st challenges facing the implementation of counterespionage and counterintelligence measures with respect to the emerging threats, the changes that need to be initiated, and the effective results. Existing Strategies The counterintelligence strategy that the United States has put in place has evolved from the experiences of historical adjustments and response to various threats. The time-tested strategies, however, have proved ineffective in the prevention of some threats especially the evolving threats of terrorism and economic sabotage. As it stands, the US’ counterintelligence service is charged with the responsibility of pointing out and evaluating the hostile actions of foreign intelligence agencies
Rhetorical techniques are used in every genre of literature to ignite the reader’s interest, address a particular problem and structure the text in a precise and appealing manner. In “Fish Cheeks”, Amy Tan describes a particular autobiographical moment in her life: a Christmas Eve celebration that her parents invited the minister’s family over, while she was in love with the minister’s son, Robert. The essay explores a thought-provoking theme of being ashamed of one’s own traditions and customs in the context of a current multicultural society. The text, possessing quite a simple style of narrative, still has rhetorical techniques that illustrate the mindset the author was in at the time of the story. Tan uses a lot of analogies and descriptive language specifically to show the way her younger self viewed the situation, as well as irony to educate her audience about the absurdity of being ashamed of one’s culture. The problem of cultural identity in the US has always been a pressing issue. In her essay, Tan does not gravitate towards moralizing lessons as to why one should act and think a certain way and should never do the other. She illustrates how the destructive mindset of a Chinese immigrant works on her own example, telling a story about her 14-year-old self. Through the eyes of his Chinese girl, the way the Chinese celebrate Christmas Eve is “shabby”, her Chinese relatives are “noisy” and lack “proper American manners” (Tan). The context of the narrative is clearly defined by this girl’s frame of perception. The celebration is a such dreadful event for her because everything that her Chinese relatives might do can be judged or misunderstood by the American minister’s family. This conveys the feeling that the author wants the reader to understand the intense dissonance between who she actually is and who she fervently desires to seem. Tan’s message is supported by her stylistic choices in the text. For instance, she purposefully uses unappetizing epithets for Chinese food items. To her, tofu is “stacked wedges of rubbery”, the cod is “slimy”, a plate of squid “resembling bicycle tires”, while the whole kitchen is “littered with appalling mounds of raw food” (Tan). The author also explicitly underlines the fact that her extended family behaves in an unmannerly way, with the culmination of her despair being at the end of the dinner, when her father, according to a “polite Chinese custom”, belched loudly. Here, the author addresses the concept of cultural misunderstanding – and how great the perceptions of one ethnic group may differ from the ones of the other. Growing up a Chinese girl in the American society, she wants to blend in and perceives her differences as unwanted. The only moralizing phrase in the essay is the advice her mother gives young Amy Tan “your only shame is to have shame” (Tan). This is the apex of the story, the moment that signals the message Tan wants to communicate – how absurd it is to be ashamed of who you are. The purpose Amy Tan chose for h
Introduction Globalization has created a dynamic business environment that requires business leaders all over the world to be equipped with vital skills in order to succeed. As a result of globalization, the geographical distance has changed and this has greatly affected the way business is carried out throughout the world (Vaara, Sarala, Stahl and Björkman 2012). Firms that stick to their traditional ways of conducting business lose many opportunities to excel. Drawing from a study by Velo (2011, 3), relationships and communications play a very critical role is guaranteeing the survival of business enterprises. Apparently, technology is an important asset in this regard and is accessible to all businesses. The biggest challenge, however, is the ability to maintain businesses across borders. Clearly, those with skills to effectively conduct business across borders stand a better chance of excelling in their operations unlike those who lack such skills. An essential ingredient for success in any international business setup is the ability to understand other cultures and their dynamics. As pointed out by Okoro (2013, p. 2), the ability of managers at all levels to be equipped with cross cultural communication skills is an important asset for business enterprises. This paper looks at the importance and function of cross cultural management in international business. Ostensibly, several attempts have been made by different scholars to define culture. For some people, culture simply refers to a nation’s way of being. It is also regarded by others as a system of behaviors that is born from the social process. However, it is important to note that underneath every definition exists the relationship between an individual and the society that he or she belongs to. As pointed out by Kawar (2012, p. 105), culture is mainly acquired at a very early age in life. This is mainly due to the act that the ability to absorb cultural norms from the surrounding environment is high during the childhood years. This enables individuals to successfully fit and function within a given society. Culture may also be regarded as the outcome of human relationships that involve people meeting, communicating, and interacting. Importance and function of Cross-cultural management in international business The need for multi-cultural management has been brought about by a number of factors (Greblikaite and Daugeliene 2010). First, there is increased globalization that has led to the desire for business enterprises to compete and remain relevant in the contemporary business environment. In addition, the rate of migration from one country to another has been growing steadily over the years. The outcome of these activities has been the creation of work environments made up of employees from different cultures. By and large, cross-cultural management looks at how different people arou