ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Globalization is the process of enhancing connectivity and mutually supportive global markets and commerce. It leads to formation of a world economy and a single world market where there is disintegration of the nationalized borders an exercise which leads in integration of various nationalities and their economies. It is therefore a real phenomenon which creates positive as well as the negative impacts (National Council on Economic Education 129). Globalization has therefore been made possible due to the increasing technological development more so on communication and internet. As the globalization increases, the countries are faced with the competition as a challenge which further leads into anti-globalization campaigns. This discussion is inclusive of the current as well as previous globalization effects on Latin America countries. To begin with, Latin American economists, held soaring expectations of the market development which seemed possible in the emerging economies early on1990. There is still hope of the markets development even though the reality seems far from being achieved because equity and the commercial bonds are still illiquid and fragmented. The stock market has been on liquidity decrease. In Latin America, there has been institutional reformations and advancement in the microeconomic management thus more expectations on the capital markets development. Most countries in Latin America do dynamically and actively involve in globalization participation on development. It is also possible to present evolutional data of its capital markets that can be used in emerging economies apart from globalizations (Torre and Schmukler 3). Although globalization has got a long history, its progression in the 21 st century is not only remarkable but failure to know its outcome creates more trouble and tension to economists and other people in the world. Some people have argued that there is no significant difference between the current global economy and the one which existed in the 19 th century, it is difficult to negate the fact that the pace of the process of globalization is accelerating at a very high rate. For instance, there is a lot of technological development in the sector of information technology which results to further integration of markets (Hill and Dhanda 1020). In addition, due to reduced trade barriers between different countries, people are moving from one country to another at a very high rate. The new forces that have emanated from globalization are beyond the ability of any country to prevent or even oppose. Factors that lead to globalization are referred to as drivers of globalization as discussed below. There are various market globalization drivers which are inclusive
The article discusses the extent of legal regulation of child protection in the US within the scope of three periods that are suggested by the author. The first one is from colonial times to 1875; the second – is from 1875 to 1962; the third – is from 1962 to the present. It should be noted here that the article was written in 2008, so “the present” should be referred to as this period. Myers claims that before the increase in the numbers of nongovernmental organizations that aimed to protect children – their spread intensified in 1875 – interventions in the framework of child protection were periodical and inconsistent. Nevertheless, they took place and started operating. A child was not protected to the extent he or she was in 2008, but society knew about the maltreatments and attempted to provide help. In 1875, the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NYSPCC) occurred, which was the first entity in the world devoted only to child-protection affairs. By 1922, the total number of such organizations increased to 300 across the US. However, by the 1960s, most states still did not provide protection services statewide. A plethora of communities had no all-day coverage. Hence, “for the first six decades of the twentieth century, protective services in most communities were inadequate and in some places nonexistent” (Myers, 2008, p. 454). Substantial advancement took place after the year 1962. During this period, child-protection services could be provided throughout the whole country – starting in rural areas and ending in cities. The following laws should be mentioned: the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974 (CAPTA), the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA), the Multiethnic Placement Act (MEPA), and the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980 (AACWA) (Myers, 2008). Such a positive shift was a significant boon for many children. Nevertheless, the spread and development of the child-protecting system caused an exact degree of crisis in this regard. In particular, the quick passing of laws required specialists to report cases of suspected abuses and neglect. These laws led to a great number of instances that overloaded the mentioned system. The result was that child-protection services had to find their way to be provided under pressure by the 1980s. Myers concludes that even though the child-protective system still has a lot of issues, it is still a considerable advancement in comparison with the period of the 1960s. The related organi
Stages of development of conflict resolution field Stage one Failure to control the eruption of the First World War led to people coming up with ways to avert reemergence of wars in the future. The first stage of development of conflict resolution modalities started in 1918 and went on until 1945. Idealistic views characterized this phase and individual states played a critical role in conflict resolution. One feature that makes this phase noteworthy is the attempt by the countries to resolve conflicts using a non-violent approach. Moreover, the phase marked the establishment of international relations. Stage two The second stage is also referred to as the second generation, which lasted between 1945 and 1965. Introduction of nuclear weapons led to the need for urgent conflict resolution management. Conflict resolution approaches used in this stage were state centered and every state strived to stem out the cause of the conflict. The feature that makes this stage noteworthy is the society’s endeavor to come up with conflict resolution methods using numerous institutions. Stage three The third stage of development of conflict resolution field started in 1965 and lasted until 1985. The cold war marked this period. Civil society sought to manage conflicts through mediation. They endeavored to nurture expertise in the community, promote labor intercession, and advocate for family conciliation. This phase is essential as it marked the establishment of an empirical interpretation of destructive conflict from interstate level aimed at attaining win-win accords between the superpowers. Stage four The fourth stage began after the end of the cold war in 1985 and lasted until 2005. In this phase, there was a need to introduce ‘new world order’ of conflict resolution. Individuals adopted the virtue of ‘complementarity’ and ‘contingency’ to help in conflict management. Dialogue took the centre stage of conflict resolution with a belief that soft forms of conflict resolution would help to restore trust between conflicting parties. This phase is crucial since it saw the involvement of non-governmental organizations in conflict resolution programs. Stage five The fifth stage of development of conflict resolution field started in 2005 and it is currently evolving. The struggle by countries to curb terrorism characterizes this stage. Countries strive to establish a peaceful regime by respecting cultures and advocating for democracy. Besides, they encourage inter-country trade as one of the approaches of establishing peaceful coexistence between countries. This phase is noteworthy since it led to international cooperation between countries. Moreover, it led to many countries attaining their sovereignty as developed countries sought to promote democracy. Definition of culture One of the hardest concepts to elucidate is culture. Every day, people talk about culture. Nevertheless, when asked to describe what culture is all about, they become dumb. Based on LeBaron, Avruch and Ramsbotham’s perceptions of culture, one may define culture as the collective deposit of beliefs, knowledge, meanings, hie
Radiology The main role of the radiology department in Al Baraha Hospital is to provide imaging services to patients. This department consists of several wards, namely Portable Radiography, General Radiology, and Fluoroscopy. This work of this department is governed by the laws adopted by the Ministry of Health. In particular, one should speak about Healthcare Facilities Regulation (UAE Ministry of Health, 2013). This document includes requirements regarding the size of tomography rooms or the protection against stray radio frequencies (UAE Ministry of Health, 2013, p. 31). The budget of this department constitutes $1405500. This division of Al Baraha Hospital includes 23 employees. This department is located on the first floor of the hospital. The following chart illustrates the position of this department within the hospital. The department measures quality from the perspective of patients, who need medical assistance, and physicians. It is defined as the ability of this department to provide timely and appropriate services to patients. They focus on such indicators as the satisfaction of patients. This is why they regularly carry out patient surveys, which are reviewed by the senior administration of the hospital. These results are used to evaluate the performance of separate individuals. The workers of this department take part in the innovation process. It is described mostly as the modification of methods and processes involved in the imaging services. The major improvements are related to the workflow, accuracy of the information, and safety of patients. For example, they suggest new ways of minimizing risks to the health of a patient. Furthermore, they recommend methods that can improve the workflow in this department. These recommendations are encouraged by the management. Yet, there are no rules requiring additional compensation for such suggestions. This is one of the limitations that should not be overlooked. Performance indicators adopted in this department are linked to the outcomes of patients. Researchers argue that one should focus on such an aspect as the avoidance of risk (Abujudeh 2012, p. 151). In turn, this department pays attention to the number of falls or the rate of compliance with hand hygiene rules. Second, they pay attention to the number of lost scans. They compare these results with the data offered by radiology departments of other hospitals. These findings are monitored by the management. In some cases, people, who bring improvement in performance, can be rewarded by the management. In this case, productivity is measured with the help of several indicators. For example, one can speak about the number of times employees require in order to provide different types of imaging services. Secondly, they pay attention to the cost-efficiency of the department. They benchmark their results with the data of oth
Most people go to a hospital emergency room when they have been in a serious accident. They also do so when they have broken bones or other body parts that are out of place. Regardless of their justification for visiting an emergency room, most patients require immediate attention in order to capitalize on the opportunity window that can save their lives. General processes in the emergency room are kept at a minimum in order to attend to patients as soon as possible. Usually, three processes are undertaken, and they include triage, treatment and transfer. An emergency room is not a place for chronic issues or follows ups. It only handles those matters that are out of control. However, some patients may visit the emergency room more than once because of the nature of their condition or inability of previous procedures to deal with the ailment completely. The staff members in the emergency room have special training to deal with such a high-stakes environment. Their goal is to stabilize the patient, after which they send them to other hospital units. Sometimes these individuals may be admitted in the hospital or may be fortune enough to go home. Patients in emergency rooms are likely to exhibit certain characteristics that justify the need for emergency treatment. Some of them could be unconscious while others may exhibit signs of a heart attack. Such instances include chest tightness, light headedness, pressure and severe chest pains. Alternatively, people may visit the emergency room with cases of poison ingestion. Sometimes these individuals may be having a severe reaction to a previous intervention like medicine. In other scenarios, it may be brought on by a sting or bite. Patients in the emergency room are likely to have severe head injury and may even be physically or mentally disoriented. Some of the subjects may experience severe pain in a certain body part. If the complication is lung-related, then they could have shortness of breath. Nonstop breathing as well as continuous bleeding may also be some of the symptoms that patients have in the emergency room. Others could lose sensory abilities like hearing, speech, vision and body movement. These patients may also exude body fluids from unusual places such as blood from the mouth or could have mucous-like discharge from injured parts of the body. Inside the emergency room, patients may undergo treatment in various forms. For instance, if someone is suffering from a cardiac arrest, he or she will receive advanced life support. A person with a hear
The changes of such conception usually took place under the influence of the changes of social moods. This often happened after the appearance of new poems or epics. According to the primary task of the essay, it is necessary to say, that the characters of Iliad, Odysseus, and the conclusions by Socrates belong to various epochs of Greek history. And if Odysseus and other characters of Homer’s epic just dealt with the gods, which are shown as mean and mercantile. The gods in ancient epics just behaved like humans, though, to conquer such gods, taking into account that physically they are much stronger, often regarded as heroism. The impression on the adventures of Odysseus, Achilles, and others was empowered by the conception, that only real heroes or someone peculiar had the honor to communicate with the gods. The heroism displayed by Socrates much later is regarded as heroism, as the society had changed by that moment, and people forgot the imaginary gods and faced the burning issues of bureaucracy, bribery, and others. The concept of heroism started including the courage in contacting the bureaucratic system of the state. It is considered that Socrates yielded his material right for the sake of the highest ideal of human dignity and patriotic duties. Another point of his heroism is displayed in his courageous scientific offer to discover the human. As the science of that time just claimed to study the surrounding world, and this offer just turned the concept of sciences upside-down. The imagination about heroism must have been changing through the times. What one was regarded as heroism in ancient times, now may be considered as the casual deed. All these factors depend on s
A stroke happens when a blood corridor in the brain bursts and drains or when the blood supply to the cerebrum is cut off (Luo, 2019). Stroke is caused by one of two things: a clogged artery or a blood vessel spilling or bursting. Prevention Many stroke preventive techniques are similar to heart disease preventative strategies. Healthy living guidelines in general include:   * Managing high blood pressure (hypertension).   * Reducing your intake of cholesterol and saturated fat.   * Keeping a healthy weight.   * Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables.   * Consistent physical activity (Steiger & Cifu, 2016). Preventive medications Antiplatelet drugs Platelets are blood cells that produce clots. Antiplatelet medications make these cells less sticky and hence less prone to clot (Luo, 2019). Aspirin is the most widely used antiplatelet drug. Your doctor may advise you on the appropriate aspirin dose for you. Anticoagulants These medications inhibit blood coagulation. Heparin is a fast-acting anticoagulant that can be administered in the hospital for a short period. Warfarin with slower onset of action (Coumadin, Jantoven) may be taken for a more extended period (CDC, 2021). Stroke Rehabilitation Following a stroke, you may require rehabilitation (rehab) to aid in your recovery. Before you leave the hospital, social workers can assist you in locating care services and caregiver support to help you continue your long-term rehabilitation. The objective of stroke rehabilitation is to assist you with relearning abilities you lost when a stroke influenced part of your cerebrum. Stroke rehabilitation can assist you with recapturing freedom and work on your personal satisfaction. The seriousness of stroke difficulties and every individual’s capacity to recuperate differ broadly. Analysts have discovered that individuals who take an interest in an engaged stroke rehabilitation program perform better compared to a great many people who don’t have stroke rehabilitation. (Luo, 2019). It is critical to collaborate with your health care team to determine the cause of your stroke and take actions to avoid future strokes.
IMYOS refers to Intensive Mobile Youth Outreach Service and has a target audience comprised of focuses on young people whose needs are multiple and complex (OYH, n. d.). Outreach care is performed by specializing groups of the service providers who visit the clients in the settings the patients find most comfortable (for instance, their homes). That way, the approach they practice is rather patient-centered. The IMYOS teams make an assessment of the environments in which their clients live and organise an essential support for both the individual and their community addressing their needs (OYH, n. d.). The patient is a 16-year old high school student Alan Fielding, who has a number of issues such as lack of academic success, binge drinking, “low mood”, lack of energy, and behaviour issues when he is affected by alcohol. In addition, Alan has recently shared with his girlfriend that he is considering committing a suicide sometime when his parents are out. The boy’s parents, peers, and teachers are concerned about his emotional and mental health and require help from the side of a team of professionals who could combine several approaches in order to intervene Alan’s multiple and complex problems. The current treatment prescribed to the boy by the local GP includes Fluoxetine to address his mood and energy issues that are deemed to be caused by stress at school and relationship problems the boy has been experiencing. The medication has not been making any difference; Alan’s stress and depressed moods persisted. The assessment and treatment plan for Alan should be comprised of several different stages each of which would focus on a specific aspect:   * Step One would include the assessment of the boy’s family environment and relationship with the parents (Yarra Ranges Council, 2015). An individual’s family, especially when the individual is a child or an adolescent, is one of the most important and influential communities with which they are in constant communication. As a result, a family is capable of producing a massive impact on the patient addressing the dangerous or unwanted behaviours. In Alan’s case, both parents are involved in labor at farms and the boy seem to be interested in work his parents do more than in his studies. This interest may be employed as a healing labour therapy. For instance, Alan could be asked to help his father at a farm some days a week. That way, he would gain experience and knowledge of farming labour and get to practice an occupation he is excited about. Moreover, making a contribution to his local community and doing tangible work would raise the boy’s self-esteem and produce a positive effect on his mood. In addition, of the boy regularly engages in physical work, it will ensure exercise that may improve his levels of serotonin. Finally, breaking a cycle and doing something new could help Alan get rid of his depressive mood and also limit the free time he could spend drinking with fri
China has emerged as the technological giants in the current era and China is giving a tough time to major countries of the world by effectively adopting and implementing a low-cost strategy. The policies of the Chinese government are stiff and it is believed that their strategies possess double standards. The government of China is massively criticized on a number of issues like human abuse in Tibet and Darfur. The government of China banned certain websites although the journalists were promised to carry their work (Brennan, 2008). The internet is experiencing a boom and the entire economy of a country can be transformed through the internet. The Chinese government is posing problems in terms of privacy and secrecy for the people of China in terms of internet access (Beehner, 2008). The economy of China is in its transformational era and the economy has transformed from a planned economy to a market economy. However, the Chinese government is applying barriers for businesses, as their policies are getting stricter day by day. They are ignorant about the fact that through the internet China can fulfill its strategies and they can easily achieve its objectives (Chau, 2008). The freedom of speech a number of times was questioned in China and a writer was sent to jail when he wrote an article about the Chinese government (Edidin, 2008). People is China are restricted to know what is happening within the government and they are restricted to raise their voices (Kahn, 2005). The government is restricting the internet because they believe that sensitive information would flow out of this region to other regions of the world. However, people are finding ways to remove these barriers (Pan, 2005). The internat affects the economy and governmnet has to remove these bariers in order to progess in this era. The powerhouse of technology “China” has won the race of the most cell phone users in the world. The county is rich in technology and has more engineering students and technological companies than USA. The technological giants are ready to face the challenges of the current er and they have the tendency to pass every coutry in terms of technology. The previous center of technology “Silicon Valley” which was located in California is shifting towards China (F