ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The United Nations (UN) states that despite being a developed country, Australia has yet to overcome the social ill that is violence against women. In its annual report, the UN characterizes the phenomenon as “disturbingly common” and calls to action. VicHealth uses the definition of violence put forward in the World Health Organization’s 2002 World Report on Violence and Health. The document highlights the three components of violence: intentionality, the use of physical force or power, and a high likelihood of injury, death, moral damages, deprivation, or maldevelopment as a result of violent actions (1). While violence against women fits the definition of violence against individuals or groups as a whole, it does have some unique characteristics. According to VicHealth, women are more likely to fall victim to sexual violence, be forced into prostitution, and be trafficked (1). Stalking, which encompasses the following, watching, or harassing, is an issue that affects women the most. Another subset of violence against women is harmful cultural practices such as genital mutilation, dowry-related violence, and traditions that humiliate, belittle, or endanger women. To put the issue in perspective, one may take a glance at the most recent numbers and figures reflecting the situation with violence against women in Australia. Before the age of 15, one in six women experiences violence, while after the age of 15, the share increases up to two in every five women (41) (1). One-third (34%) of Australian women were victims of physical violence, and every fifth girl or woman (19%) was sexually assaulted (1). When addressing violence against women, it is critical to identify risk groups. Risk identification was one of the primary goals of the 2018 report by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Institute. According to their findings, there are at least eight vulnerable demographics: children, young women, senior citizens, disabled women, and LGBTQ+ women (2). Socioeconomic determinants are also at play as Australians from minor cultural and linguistic backgrounds, socioeconomically underprivileged people, and people residing in rural Australia also bear a high risk (2). Aside from that, the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Institute expresses its concerns regarding the soaring rates of domestic violence among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations. In recent years, the Australian Government has put effort into combating violence against women at the national level. In 2010, the Council of Australian Governments introduced the National Plan to Reduce Violence Against Women and Their Children 2010–2022 (3). The new plan obliged state and territory governments across the country to devise strategic plans to manage and prevent gendered violence (3). Around the same time, researchers observed mobilization within communities and the emergence of health services. These services can be put into three categories: screening for domestic violence, providing responses to in
Tata Motors is an automotive manufacturing company based in India. The company specializes in the design, development, assembly, financing, manufacture, and sale of Tata vehicles. In addition, it sells accessories, and spare parts. The company has its primary operations in India, South Africa, Thailand, South Korea, Spain, the UK, and Bangladesh. Tata has its headquarters in Mumbai India with approximately 52,244 employees. For the fiscal year ended march 2011, Tata recorded revenue of $26860 million representing a 33 % increase over the 2010 period. Its operating profit over the same period stood at $1,068.2 million in 2011 compared to $156.4 million in 2010. Current Strategies Pursued by Tata The companys main strategy is to expand its global presence. The company is moving quickly in acquiring other companies in different countries to expand its business globally. According to Goldman (2), Tata has successfully built a sound business in South Africa, which is a key element in its current global expansion strategy. Tata is not new in acquisitions; in 2000 the company bought Tetley Tea a company based in the UK that was suffering from losses. This was the companys first major acquisition. According to Krishnan (4), the companys acquisition of two premium vehicle brands Jaguar and Land Rover may boost the companys image as an international company; in addition, it will help the company in its up scaling efforts similar to the way the acquisition of Tetley Tea Ltd boosted Tata Tea Ltd and Corus Group Plc (Carty 2). Aims and Objectives The objective of this report is to carry out a detailed strategic analysis for Tata Company. The analysis will be based upon secondary from the Internet including the companys financial statements, case studies, and other online sources. The aim of this report is to provide a useful strategic analysis that can be used not only as point of reference for Tata motors but also as a theoretical framework for undertaking the companys valuation. The report may be used as a primary guide for researchers who seek to appreciate and understand Tata company strategies and also get a practical perspective about Tata as a public listed company. Methodology An in-depth analysis of the companys strategy will be undertaken. In analyzing the companys strategy, the report will make use of both qualitative and quantitative analysis based on the data and information gathered from various online sources, published reports about Tata company, and the companys website. The conc
This journal is creatively and intentionally designed to tackle the dynamic nature of event planning as a profession. It presents the reader with a vivid insight into the changes in the profession as well as the future expectations in the industry. The article presents the reader with step by step approaches of how one can easily turn an ordinary joint into the most remarkable and best conference facility provider. Event planning is closely tied to the tourism industry, and this journal tries to analyze the existing relationship between these distinct disciplines. Thus, the journal brings out the relationship between event planning and the hospitality industry and how to make remarkable achievements in both professions. An outstanding feature of this magazine is that it also highlights different special events giving various examples. It contains articles on various types of special events with varying complexity levels. The complexity of special events, as depicted in the journal, is the most dynamic aspect in event planning. This is unlike other ordinary events which might take rather conventional methods; special events are usually dictated by the individual values of the involved parties. Some special events may turn out to be lengthy and lavish while others are kept simple, short, and cheap. The journal also discusses current traits and trends in event planning and hospitality industries. For instance, the impact of technology has been highlighted at length. The essence of other issues such as incentives, advertisement, social networking and service outsourcing on successful event planning has also been dealt with at length in this journal, and each of the factor’s impact and effect on the overall event planning and tourism is discussed thus broadening the readers’ mind at the same time. One such captivating trend relating to event planning in this article is the emerging trait where event organizing companies partner up with different specialists to offer the best facilities to their clients. This is called collaborative event planning. Most event organizing companies have intensified efforts to make their centers one-stop shops to cater for all their client needs. They thus try to link up and jointly work with specialized providers of specific services needed to successfully execute an event. An example is given of Seventy Event Media Group Company that that offers event planning and management services in India. Initially, as of 2011, the company could only offer outside catering and accom
When exploring the concept of social welfare, it is important first to give it a definition. Social welfare refers to the well-being of the entire society that is supported by the environmental quality, availability of vital social services, crime levels, and religious institutions. Thus, culture and the level of development undoubtedly have an impact on how an individual asks for assistance and where he or she finds comfort. The institutional perspective on social welfare goes hand-in-hand with the culturally dictated norms of how to handle various situations. Under this perspective, an individual is believed to be connected to large systems such as family, economic, and individual (Fauri, Wernet, & Netting, 2008). Faith-based providers fall under the institutional perspective and have recently become more prominent in the delivery of publicly supported services (Graddy & Ye, 2006). It has been found that faith-based providers are much more concentrated in their services and put a greater emphasis on transitional assistance and the dependence on an intervention that incorporates their “unique strengths” (Graddy & Ye, 2006, p. 309). To some degree, faith-based organizations provide complementary services to the efforts of secular providers, without which social welfare is impossible. Therefore, when discussing faith-based providers, it is crucial to take into consideration the cultural aspect. In some cultures and religions, s
Introduction ERP systems are computer applications and management systems that integrate various business aspects and are used to manage resources, data, and functions (Buckley & Casson, 2009). In essence, the ERP systems help to bring a seamless and robust system that supports business processes (Bouquet, Morrison & Birkinshaw, 2009). In supporting business operations, global or multinational firms have invested immensely on ERP systems. However, varied opinions on whether ERP systems capabilities are aligned to helping global businesses needs have been donated. The other conspicuous concern relates to whether ERP systems can help multinational firms to achieve enhanced performance. Although considerable studies have examined the role of ERP systems in supporting global firms, there is still need to research the effect of these systems on the growth of global firms (Beard & Sumner, 2004). A lot of literature has been delivered to exhibit the impact of alignment of ERP systems to virtual and international businesses. This paper advances the contribution of the current literature on the role of ERP systems in growth of global businesses. Realizing the requirements to have accurate information, many global firms have decided to align ERP systems with global businesses
Introduction There are various therapies in the treatment of childhood behavior disorders such as behavioral therapy, pharmacological therapy, talk-therapy, intrapersonal therapy etc. this paper presents mostly the perspectives of two articles with regard to the pharmacological therapy in the treatment of childhood disorders. The article given in New York Times Article: ANTIDEPRESSANTS SEEN AS EFFECTIVE FOR ADOLESCENTS (Harris, June 2, 2004) reports the results of various studies revealing that pharmacological therapy is the best practice in the treatment of childhood disorders. Second article shows the five flows of clinical research trails. This paper is presented to assess the influence of media in persuasiveness of the information related to childhood behavior disorder. Media has a vital role in spreading the information on treatment of childhood behavioral disorder and in the makeup of decisions of the public. Factors contributing to the persuasiveness of an information source The validity of the study is the prime factor that contributes to the persuasiveness of an information source. If the result of the study is proved scientifically, the people will persuade to follow it. The validity of the research organization is the factor. If the research is conducted by the national and international famous organizations the people will receive it more quickly and also the media also should be well recognized. If these three factors come together the people will have much dependency and persuasiveness over the information. There is an anxiety over the public regarding the use of medicines for the childhood behavioral disorders since the consequence of medication is much higher like lack of appetite, tiredness, feeling sleepy, and other biological symptoms. Therefore more people are in support of behavioral therapy. But with the advanced technology and scientifically researched pharmacological therapy has been in the process of development. Therefore, the perception of the people on the use of medicine in the treatment of childhood behavioral disorders is enormously changing day by day. There is an increase in the diagnosis of attention deficit hyper active disorder among the children. Use of medication such as stimulants, amphetamine and methyphetamine is prescribed by the psychiatrists for this disorder. Medication for ADHD in Angel John Angel John was a four year old female child who was brought by her parents in a mental hospital while I was doing block placement as the trainee of the social work. The main problems I found in her was that not able to focus one thing. She was doing something one after other restlessly. She easily became distracted and was unable to obey parents and others. She took much time to respond to the questions asked. Since she was found having more restlessness behavior,
The research work, which has been carried out by Jessica Asscher et al, aims to evaluate the effectiveness of home-start programs. In particular, the scholars try to answer the following questions: 1) whether the treatment which is given to families by public organizations brings improvement. 2) Furthermore, the authors attempt to determine whether such families can adapt themselves to the community after the intervention. They also discuss the criteria, according to which betterment can be assessed. In this study, special attention has been given to such parameters as maternal wellbeing, parenting behavior and the conduct of the child; these characteristics are regarded by the scholars as to the most crucial ones (Asscher et al 2008). During the course of the study, the authors have employed mostly quantitative research methods, in particular, statistical surveys with forced-choice and scaling questions (2008, p. 354). Jessica Asscher et al have endeavored to compare the results of home-start mothers with those ones of a norm group. The findings of this investigation indicate that mothers, who have received home-visiting courses, show considerable progress, and they are quite able to efficiently interact with other members of the society. In this case, we should focus on the behavior of the children, namely, the researchers have identified that after such courses there has been decreasing of externalization, yet the problems of negativity have remained acute. According to Jessica Asscher, it might be due to untimely end of intervention. Certainly, this investigation has several limitations, because such research techniques as surveys or questionnaires may often be biased, still the ideas, expressed in this article may be helpful. This article does not directly focus on the socialization and the acquisition of life skills, but scholars explore the factors, which affect this process, for example, they discuss the aspects of parenting behavior such as responsiveness, warmth, negative control and harshness (2008, p. 357). Social psychologists try to develop courses for parents and children in order to help them to learn those basic skills that are essential for any civilized society. The results of this study should be utilized or at least taken into consideration by the social workers and educators to avoid possible pitfalls. This work might be useful to the extent that it provides clear guidelines for the assessment of the relations in the family. In addition to that, Jessica Asscher emphasizes the importance of accurate assessment, and she advances a hypothesis that the failures of home-visiting programs occur because some social workers are content only with short-term signs of improvement. In part, this is the reason why some children cannot effectively achieve the necessary level of socialization. The article is also closely
Méliès, one of cinema’s most essential pioneers, worked at a period when the environment was constantly changing and when the whole world was preoccupied with scientific discoveries, exploration, and excursions to the planet’s most distant corners. Méliès was a forerunner in a variety of fields. He invented stop-motion photography, for example. Furthermore, he represented his interpretations of the romantic era and neoclassicism in many of his undertakings. Méliès also developed the use of double and triple exposures, a technique that is still extensively used today, as well as fades, dissolves, and smokeballs. In an era when cinema still astounded many people, he experimented with effects in his films that rocked people’s brains (Brode, 2021). He astonished his audience with slow motion, numerous exposures, dissolving, pyrotechnics, and dramatic skill. The film Le Voyage Dans la Lune (A Journey to the Moon) is widely regarded as the first science fiction picture. Méliès’ originality as a creator reached a zenith with A Journey to the Moon, in which he employed his complete arsenal of abilities, from exquisite clothing inspired by different eras to innovative filmmaking (Brode, 2021). In the creation of costumes and the representation of popular creative trends during his period, he ultimately displayed his artistic ability. Distorted visions of outer space, complete with floating feminine characters, as well as the planets’ deities, are all surrounded by perpetual visual confusion. The film’s popularity also grew as a result of its effective use of metaphysical and anti-imperialist humor, as well as its widespread effect on laser filmmakers and its overall significance in the French cinematic culture (Brode, 2021). Through this movie, Méliès garnered significant acclaim and influenced a number of well-known directors.
Introduction Software and hardware are the main elements of modern computers and information technologies architecture. Hardware includes motherboard which is often referred to as computer’s heart and includes in its turn central processing unit (CPU), RAM – random access memory, firmware, various ports and controllers (USB, parallel ports, PS/2, etc.), power supply, video display controller which produces an output for computer’s display, various removable devices, sound card, networking apparatus, periphery (including mouse and keyboard). Software is an environment for using computer technologies and includes system software, programming software, and application software. It is created by means of using certain programming and machine languages and provides the user with a friendly interface for performing various tasks and operations. History of software evolution Software developed steadily beginning from late 1940-th. Its evolution was strongly dependent on the changes in informational technologies and the need for improving productivity and quality for its users. At the first stages of software development, it was difficult to predict when a project will be finished and difficult languages of programming such as FORTRAN, ALGOL, and COBOL were elaborated. Software companies didn’t provide customers with software packages but made tailored software with the possibility for reuse. This is particularly the case for IBM company. The process of software development was started during NATO Science Committed conferences held in 1969 in Germany where the importance of software engineering was discussed. The 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s are often called the decades of software crisis which was caused by the lack of qualified programmers and low
The rate of unemployment in the United States has been going up following the global economic crisis of 2008. Most companies have stopped hiring employees because it is no longer economically viable. The US government has been working on the issue of unemployment to reduce its rate and further growth. Various sectors of the United States economy suffered great loss during the financial crisis leading to the increased rate of unemployment. The US government has been on the vanguard to take up unemployment to provide jobless benefits to people who have not yet found jobs. The US democrats stated that financing jobless benefits is a means of boosting the economy and assisting the jobless people who are struggling in the economy (Taylor, 2010, 1). This essay discusses in depth the study of unemployment take-up in the United States and how the study was conducted. The study on unemployment take up involves finding out the unemployed persons and coming up with means of offering them some unemployment benefits. According to Campbell. (2010, 1), unemployment take up program seeks to ensure favorable distribution of opportunities in the country. The study of unemployment takes up also considers the supply and demand of opportunities to both men women to ensure fair distribution. The other points include the wages offered and the reaction of the employees to these wages. The rate of unemploymen
Disenfranchisement of ex-felons is the issue that has a great effect on society. It proves that our world is not perfect not only because some people commit crimes but also because our juridical system segregates the population and limits the rights of particular groups. In 2004, more than 4.5 million Americans were not allowed to vote because of the laws that prohibit people from convinced of a felony to vote. This number has increased greatly, and there were almost 6 million of individuals who lost their right to select state and country representatives. Of course, it seems to be decent to forbid imprisoned people to vote, but should it be applied to those who served their sentence and who are not on probation anymore? In the briefing paper of the current sentencing project, Chung (2015) underlined that “2.6 million people are disenfranchised in states that restrict voting rights even after completion of sentence”. According to the previous researches, one of 13 African Americans has no possibility to vote under the mentioned restrictions. Such results prove that even though the population of the US consists of the representatives of different nations, whites have more rights to vote, and others just follow their will (Ochs, 2006). The situation that occurs cannot be treated as advantageous, as it is likely to become a trigger for civil disorders. Many African Americans gather in groups that aim to stop discrimination and unequal treatment, which is tightly connected with the described issue. To improve the current state of society, a range of changes should be implemented. First of all, voting rights should be expanded so that ex-felons gain an opportunity to influence the situation in the country they live in. Some states have already considered this aspect, and, by 2010, about 800,000 individuals regained this right. Mainly, the implication of this change can be influenced by the attitudes of the general public as well as of the representatives of the legal system. The factors can also be politic and demographic ones. In this way, the number of people who do not have a right to vote, citizen ideology and political culture should be considered. When bringing about a change, developmental theories can be applied in order to understand the issue better and make the process more efficient. Freud and Erikson underlined that childhood plays an important role in the development of the personality; the same thing can be applied to the changes. In this way, for the alteration to be a common practice for the whole country, it should be implemented when people are little. It proves that if the laws change, children will grow up with the belief that it is right that ex-felons can vote and will support this view. Piaget’s theory focus