ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Hope and love are prominent themes in the Christian faith that are often considered the central tenets of the religion. God promises His followers many things throughout the Bible, but to receive the reward, they often have to endure difficult conditions for extended periods. The faith that God will fulfill his promises is predicated on the hope that the Christians’ hardships and struggles will be rewarded. In Christianity, it is most strongly featured in the ultimate promise that faithful people will attain salvation and eternal life in Heaven after they die. Christianity adds the virtue of love, which one should feel toward their neighbors and peers. It is a central virtue that Christ has demonstrated in his act of dying to absolve humanity of its sins. The purpose of this essay is to examine the presence of hope and love in the Biblical metanarrative to better understand their relationship with God. The Biblical Metanarrative The term “metanarrative” represents the overarching story of a text, one that goes beyond what happens in the story and to the underlying meanings. The Bible is typically divided into four chapters: Creation, Fall, Redemption, and New Creation. Creation refers to the original period where God created the world and everything that is in it, with Adam and Eve living happily in the garden of Eden. The Fall is the pair’s choice to reject God’s rules at the serpent’s suggestion, which has led to them being expelled from Paradise and becoming mortal. It represents physical death as well as spiritual, through humanity’s rejection of God and the virtues associated with Him, and continues until the coming of Jesus Christ. The connection is not entirely lost, as there are some faithful people in the world, but it is overwhelmingly sinful. In the Redemption chapter, God comes to humanity through Jesus Christ and forgives its sins through His Son’s death. Finally, the New Creation chapter has not happened yet, but the Bible promises that it will do so. In it, humanity and the world will be saved and restored to their original perfect states, and evil will be elimi
Introduction Globalization began in the olden or ancient times as people migrated from Africa to other parts of the world in search of a better life. During those days, people moved freely with limited boundaries thus promoting trade among communities. The trading communities carried different trading items, such as precious stones, spices, foodstuffs and other commodities as they proceeded to carry out their commercial activities. This encounter promoted cultural influences from one trading community to another. Among the many agents who contributed to early globalization were explorer, missionaries, soldiers and most importantly, the merchants. In the olden times, clothes made of silk attracted nearly all women in the Roman Empire. However, to access the precious clothing material, the empire had to import from China. This, therefore, led to the emergence of Silk Road – a trade route where Romans traded silk and other items with Chinese as well as other foreigners; this trade route spread to other parts of the world like Venice, Mesopotamia and even North Africa. However, the trade was not free, since the Roman government had imposed taxes and custom duties on the items that were imported. This process, however, was not without a few controversies; the then leaders feared that the silk clothes were wearing down the cultural values of the time. They argued that the clothes were transparent and thus there was no difference between them and a naked individual. The imported silk, however, hit other competing textile manufacturers economically with their markets reducing dramatically. In a significant capacity, this whole process signified globalization. (Goldstein 2007, p.3). Body Globalization is a common term, widely used by various individuals in dissimilar capacities thus leading to varied definitions of the term. Considering one of the many definitions, globalization is whereby world economies achieve a unified stance by eliminating international trade hindrances such as trade tariff, import duty and exporting fees (Bodreaux 2008, p.37). On the other hand, scholars such as McGrew and Held described the process as the spreading out of a system of capitalism around the world (Held & McGrew 2002, p.67). In addition to Mc Grew and Held’s ideologies, other economic scholars also defined globalization as free trade among countries, which incorporates elimination of tariffs and other obstacles to the liberated flow of labor, goods capital and services. Due to globalization, countries develop economically, socially, technologically and culturally due to the existing nature of interdependence (Beck 2000, p.11). Since the human population is increasing significantly and that no country can suffice itself solely, international trade sets in as the appropriate solution to such situations. Therefore, from the above arguments, it is clear globalization is a sure depiction of the current world trade. This is evident by how globalization has brought the human race closer to varied goods and services, information, and culture exchange. Many parts of the world, for example, have had a better share of innovations and inventions th
Ronald Reagan, the 40 th president (1981-1989) of the United States of America, is `one of the highly recognized presidents especially for his policies. Reagan was a staunch advocate for control of money supply which would result to reduction in inflation and an increase in economic growth through tax reduction. During his two terms in the presidency, he was mainly focused on restructuring the foreign matters, which this paper is going to dwell on and the U.S economy. Against this background, I would like to make a research about his political and economic initiatives dubbed ‘Reganomics’ (Busch 45; Hudson and Gareth 156). Reagan was an anti-communist and publicly called the Soviet Union an ‘evil empire’ and showed his distaste by providing support for anti-communist activities worldwide. We will focus on the strategies he employed such as the strategy of détente where he ordered considerable buildup of military in the arms race against the Soviet Union. The paper will also look into and discuss the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) of 1987 signed by him and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union, which was to address purging of both intermediate and short range missiles in both countries (Kengor 67). The Cold War (1979-1985) was a major contributing factor to shaping Reagan’s policies on arms and his subsequent action in building up America’s military in anticipation of a war breaking out between the U.S and the Soviet Union, therefore this paper is going to focus on this and bring out the reasons behind the arms race (Marples 63; Langley 154). Reagan was a critic of arms control and termed the arms race as a cold war symptom thus resulting to a race in buildup of arms arguing that arms control negotiations could not end the deadlock, he was concerned with how the Soviet Union was way ahead of the United States in the nuclear race and becoming vulnerable to Soviet attack (Hilton 208). Form this, the paper will try and explain how this situation affected Reagan’s political career, campaigns, and decisions. Consequently, we will look at the role he played in bringing an end to the Cold War, and the Iran-Contra affair revelation. We will also look at the treaty Reagan signed before he left office which was a contrast to what he believed in and campaigned on. The paper will also determine whether the diplomatic ties initiated by Reagan are still in place and whether the INF treaty signed in 1987 was effe
Introduction The main theme to be addressed is the fact that digital marketing presents opportunities and challenges to organisations. The study will list and explain the five element formula for digital marketing and provide a description of two opportunities and two challenges for organisations when using digital marketing. The analysis will describe three ways organisations can learn to use digital marketing. Lastly, the study will recommend the main reason why organisations should adopt digital marketing and justify the preferred choice. In general, digital marketing is an outward sign of the intention of an organisation to promote itself globally. Importance of Digital Marketing Digital media provides markets with custom frameworks and models of interaction, which coordinate operations from location of consumers including their activities at that present time. Therefore, digital marketing enhances all these moments in order to foster success at all levels (Klososky 2012). The other issue is that digital marketing promotes social connectivity. Therefore, as brand engagements stretch across platforms, it starts to create a forum for focused consumers’ interaction where they get to socialize with the brand itself. Moreover, it provides an environment whereby consumers get to share more information with others regarding the brand. In this respect, consumers act as brand ambassadors. This is because it provides tools and mechanisms which influence customer’s behaviour across existing social networks, such as Facebook or MySpace (Martin & Todorov 2010). However, digital marketing has its peculiar challenges of organisations. The most obvious reason is that it is expensive since it requires stronger e-Marketing components. Therefore, small businesses, for instance, may find it very expensive to have a sustainable web presence (Parkin 2009;Ryan & Jones 2012). The other c
Presenting the First Two Group Sessions The sample involves children of addicted parents under the age category of 14-17 years. This group has been chosen because such children are the most psychologically vulnerable due to the hormonal changes that occurred to their organisms. During the first two sessions, the groups will undergo interviews and questionnaires both individually and in their parents’ presence. Observational processes will also be involved to define behavioral patterns and deviations (Kimmel, 2007). During the preparation sessions, the participants will have the possibility to learn about the scope and importance of the study and ask questions concerning different stages of observations and treatments. During the first session, when group focus discussion will be conducted, some of the participants can be reluctant to participate in the discussion and respond to questions posed by the researchers. To alleviate the problem, I will interview the participants separately and ask the questions to figure out why the child feels uncomfortable about group discussions. As soon as the reason is clarified, I would talk once more with the participant to persuade him that the group sessions are important stages that would allow the child to adjust to a new environment and uncover the concerns and problems. Moreover, I would enumerate the benefits of group discussion, such as the opportunity to listen to other people’s concerns and understand that his/her problems are not unique and that other people suffer from addicted parents’ attitudes and behaviors. Finally, I would assure the child that no measures will be taken to contradict the established instructions mentioned earlier. Handling Challenging Issues During the Next 3-4 Sessions While carrying out observations and exploring behaviors during the next group sessions, such challenging issues as sexual abuse, religious preferences, and the use of illegal drugs can be raised. These issues are of great significance due to the group peculiarities because the sample population involves children of addicted parents. Because this group has an increased feeling of fear of being punished or sexually abused, they become more suspicious and, as a result, these issues should be tackled more carefully. While handling the matters of sexual abuse, the role of a counselor is confined to the necessity to introduce information about the rules and frames of heterosexual interactions for the adolescent to understand what social skills must be acquired to adjust to a social and cultural environment (Ottomanelli, 1995, p. 102). In this respect, as a group leader, it is imperative to convince children that they should not bear the burden of guilt f
Portland is the biggest and the most populated city in the region. In spite of great changes in social security policy and the support of people in need, homelessness is still a problem in this region. There are about 5,000 homeless people in Oregon deprived of social support and income. I know about this problem from the news stories and from the Internet databases discussing the evaluating this problem and its main causes. Thus, the entire discussion generates far more heat than light. These demonstration practices do not convey major new discoveries in combating homelessness and lack of employment opportunities. The subject of homelessness allows me to understand that stable employment and control of financial accounts are the main things in the life of every person. Even if you lost your job and have some financial problems, a person should minimize his/her spending and change the spending plan. Many researchers confirm that the kinds of programs suspected to work with poverty actually do. For the most part, the service elements tested symbolize adaptations of well-known models. The homelessness strategy steadily favors other groups of homeless than the mentally ill by devoting much more funding to housing than to mental health interventions. I have no experience in working with homeless people but I meet most of them in the center of the city. it seems that some of them have mental illness imaginably served in such an environment, but not, past experience with both institutional and community care systems tells, in the deficiency of sustained oversight and political activism. I read the “Street Roots” newspaper and was impressed by facts and data about the life of homeless people and the causes of the problems. Most of them have steady jobs and families, but an incident has changed their life forever. The reading of “street Roots” shows that the state and local authorities should pay more attention to homeless people and their problems. Another concern of the regulatory environment has to do with the ability of state governments to handle the problem of homelessness being assigned to them. Given the unexpected pace of social change, as well as the sophistication of today’s insurance industry, the regulatory challenges of social support are unprecedented. Among these is an expanding state role in the employment of people and financing, the pervasive influence of health care changes. If anyone contemporary process is central, it should be the movement toward social support of homeless people, in which all f these themes intersect powerfully (Jencks 43). In Portland, homelessness is a problem of local communities unable to support and protect low-class citizens from bankruptcy and degrada
Introduction Over the years, a multiplicity of instructional design models have been suggested, and many of these models have been incorporated into mainstream educational institutions for purposes of aiding instruction and directing the learning process. In their study on developing a multimedia package for teaching qualitative research, Colon et al (2000), noted that over 200 instructional design models have been proposed and indeed published in some of the widely read educational literature. Many of the models, however, are oriented towards behaviorist and constructivist theories of learning, leading to accusations and counter-accusations by a number of leading scholars that the models imp
What is love? It seems to be as baffling as the question “What is the meaning of life?” Liking and attraction seem to be of lesser degree when compared to love yet attraction is also closely associated with friendship. These are three concepts that mean lot of things to different people. When it comes to love, one will encounter countless lines that attempt to define it. We all have heard that love is blind. Love is what makes the world go round. Love is all there is. Novels, poems, short stories and songs, all kinds of literature have immortalized love. Why? Plato said it right: At the touch of love, everyone becomes a poet. Since the beginning of time, love has been there to propel people who fall in it to do crazy – or at least extraordinary things. Those who stumble into it go into a trance, seeing everything or everyone who stands against it as a threat to their happiness. The dictionary says that love is the passionate devotion to another being but its essence must not be entirely confined to its lexical meaning. The New Testament alone exemplifies three types of love. The romantic, sexual love or eros , the love of friendship or phileo , and the unconditional love of the Divine or agape . While the first two may come easily for most people, agape does not because it is the unconditional love that is usually ascribed to the Divine. (Boyer, 1999). Some hold that love is nothing but a physical response to another whom the agent feels physically attracted to. Physical determinists for example, consider love to be an extension of the chemical-biological constituents of the human creature and is explicable according to such processes. Others who consider love to be an aesthetic response hold that love is knowable through the emotional and conscious feeling that it provokes and it cannot be captured in rational or descriptive language but by metaphor or by music. The spiritualist vision of love incorporates mystical as well as traditional romantic notions of love, but rejects the behaviorist or physical determinist’s explanations. (Moseley, 2001). Love may be defined in any way imaginable to man and may differ from one person to another. Hence, although each of us has his own way of looking at love, it can’t nevertheless be denied that love is universal and everyone, anywhere can feel it. Levels of physical attractiveness can influence people in so many powerful ways. A person’s characteristics based on an individual’s perception of physical attractiveness can either add to one’s status or stigmatize them. Males and females have different cognitive schemas about the attractiveness of the opposite sex. This is because one’s gender determines the how the person will view their own attractiveness and how that person will view another one’s physical attractiveness. There are several theories that apply to physical attraction and one of this is the reinforcement theory. This means that when a person is paired with a stimulus that elicits a positive effect or reward, the result is increased liking of that person. One can begin to like a physically attractive person because he i
Developing a Treaty Framework for the Creation of the Nonaligned Movement in the Perspective of the Union of Burma The Union of Burma has a reputation of being a quintessential nonaligned political entity due to its experiences in the path towards British decolonization and political independence. Also, the Union expresses its extreme opposition to the external policies of the United States’ government. Currently, Burma (Myanmar) is seeking support from other political players for maintaining its economic, political, and social sustainability while opposing communism and neo-colonial capitalism. Despite the fact that the Union of Burma separated from the nonaligned movement back in September 1979, the current situation in the country points to the need to reevaluate its views on the matter (Misra, 2007). The purpose of the nonaligned movement is to ensure the independence of member-nations, their geographic integrity, and military security. At the moment, there is a list of issues that Myanmar is facing and for which its government deserves some criticism. For instance, the Rohingya refugee crisis has captured worldwide attention because of the mistreatment of the Muslim ethnic minority in Myanmar. This is likely to be fixed through negotiations between the Rohingya minority group and the government, as well as the involvement of independent stakeholders (possible members of the nonaligned movement). Also, the ‘return’ of the American government to engage in East Asian affairs means that Myanmar is expected to find itself in the center of political opposition between the US and China (Fiori & Passeri, 2015). Because of this, the government of Myanmar needs to consider entering a non-alignment agreement with other players to make sure that its political and economic integrity does not suffer. Myanmar is expected to benefit from a treaty to create a nonaligned movement because the framework implies settlements of international and other disputes with the help of peaceful negotiations, which is an essential factor when it comes to conflict resolution between opposing parties. As a rule, developing a treatise framework for the non-alignment for the Union of Burma will mean that the country will participate in the promotion of interests with member-nations and, therefore, will be forced to respect ideas of justice when it comes to domestic and international obligations. It can be hypothesized that Myanmar cannot consider itself in a favorable social, political, and economic position, which means that it is high time to consider entering a non-alignment movement that will be more likely to support the country in its struggles. The position in support of the treaty framework that will facilitate the creation of a non-alignment movement is based on the idea that the Union of Burma will not be able to act independently w