ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Over half a million African men, women, and children came to the United States via the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade in the early part of the 16th century. Despite the horrific circumstances, the majority of the slaves, who mainly came from the West Coast of Africa, strongly adhered to their ancestral musical traditions. It is from this pedigree, that Jazz, an original American musical art form, has its origin. Characterized by a convergence of African as well as European ethnicities, some of the exhilarating components which comprise Jazz are improvisation, polyrhythms, syncopation, etc. Jazz is a rendition of classical music with African American essence. The depths of its development and popularity commenced at the beginning of the 20th century, with African American influences in New Orleans music at the forefront. As it was at its inception, so it remains today a unique form of musical entertainment. Main body One of the latest in a cadre of the artist to epitomize the “new jazz age,” is young Grammy-nominated, alto saxophonist – Bruce Williams. A native of Washington, D.C., his full name is Bruce Kevin Williams. He graduated from the University of the District of Colombia, where he was the recipient of a full music scholarship, and continued his studies at William Patterson College in Wayne, New Jersey. Williams’s teaching resume, impressive and extensive, includes Adjunct Saxophone Instructor/Bloomfield College (New Jersey), Saxophone clinici
Different workplaces are prone to different kinds of dangers. As usual, these hazards exist in various types of construction demolitions. Some of these dangers occur as a result of cuttings by sharp objects, objects falling, and some chemicals spill on our skin, personal falling, respiratory problems, and even noises from machines that causes ear impairment. Due to the above dangers, there is a need for safety precautions to be put in place. Controlling hazards is one way of ensuring employees’ good health and improve their performance. Risk management which integrates the recognition of risk and risk assessment then the development of strategies to manage it is crucial. (Gregory 2006) People in the construction and demolition sector are exposed to chemicals such as lead and asbestos. Asbestos and lead are dangerous to human health. They are introduced to the construction industry by installing products through spraying on fireproofing, pipe insulation, cement pipes, and ceiling tile.most workers are exposed to asbestos-containing products during the removal of these products at demolition periods or renovation aimed at maintaining buildings and other structures in good conditions. (Gregory, 2006) The danger attached to asbestos comprises fatal diseases including asbestosis, lung cancer, mesothelioma, and gastrointestinal cancer. Employees working on the removal of asbestos-containing thermal systems insulation and toweled on surfacing materials or sprayed–on materials are at greater risks than those involved in the removal of resilient floor, roofing, and ceiling materials or any other type asbestos contain materials. It is very important to control the risks of asbestos as it poses these risks to employees. Some of the measures that should be taken are proper regulation of the area by having competent personnel on such sites, inspecting the materials before the commencement of the demolition process, and having proper inspection and supervision. To further improve on this, employees should go for training on operation and handling procedures of asbestos. Employers should provide the necessary protective clothing and equipment at the workplace. Many occupations have the potential for high exposure to lead. Exposure to lead is
The best medication choice for T. S. based on her history of uncontrolled diabetes would be Vraylar or Abilify. According to Chwastiak et al. (2015), people with psychotic disorders experience “substantial health disparities concerning diabetes” (p. 465). Therefore, the pharmacological treatment should assess possible complications associated with the condition. Antipsychotics may cause weight gain in such cases, for instance, clozapine was shown to have such an impact on individuals. Foley et al. (2015) state that “a positive synergy between antipsychotic drug effects and a pre-existing liability to diabetes mellitus” exists (p. 1092). The family history of diabetes has a substantial role in prescribing treatment, as it determines response to the prescribed medications. According to Foley et al. (2015), state that mellitus was observed in patients prescribed with clozapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, risperidone, or olanzapine, without occurrences of diabetes within his or her family. Currently, no clear identification of the family’s medical and psychiatric history was provided by this patient. Vraylar can be prescribed as an alternative medication for T. S. According to Watts (2015), it was recently approved for use and has shown fewer side effects when compared to Risperdal. The risk profile for Vraylar and Abilify was found to be similar. Watts (2015) states that in clinical trials 76 adverse outcomes were registered for Vraylar, compared to 150 for Abilify. At the same time, out of patients who were prescribed with Risperdal, 177 had adverse reactions. Ba
Introduction Business organizations across the world are using the social networking tools such as Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter among others to boost employee relationships, achieve credibility, set up an opportunity for having communication between the organization and its customers and also to promote sales. Moreover, it is reported that “company recruiters are going to sites like LinkedIn to get access to the almost 25 million resumes posted” (Brottlund, 2009, p.1).In this paper, there is going to be a discussion on the use of social networking tools by companies in general and by the IBM Company specifically. There is also going to be a discussion on the type of IT projects. The report is basically based on an interview with one of the company’s IT managers, George Rizk. In addition, there is also going to be presentation of the information obtained from the review of the related literature; supporting or criticizing the information provided by the manager during the interview. The conclusion section will provide a summary of the discussion. Use of social networking tools by IBM Following the interview, it was established that there are social networking tools that are used by IBM and these include, as pointed out by the interviewee; Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter. These social networking tools are used by this company for various purposes. For instance, it was found out that the company uses these tools to advertise IBM’s initiatives like Smarter Planet, among others. It was also found out that the social networking tools are used to find potential employees. Moreover, the manager pointed out that the social networks used in this company help the current and the former employees of the company to remain connected. However, the manager was also quick to point out that, to a certain extent, these social networks work against the company with other recruiters “poaching” the IBM employees. Basing on information that has been presented in the literature on this issue, this manager’s view is correct. For instance, Zappone (2012) points out that in the present day, the social networks make it possible for the employers to engage in developing relationships with the potential employees even when they are working somewhere else. The inclination towards recruiting the employed candidates, instead of those who are not working, poses a big risk of raiding the talent pool of a company. It is reported that in the last few years, the Sony Erickson Company gave instructions to those who recruit talents for the company to exclude the unemployed (Zappone, 2012). Moreover, in survey conducted recently, it was found out that “more than 90 percent of senior human resources executives in the U.S regard recruiting ‘passive candidates’ as central to their strategy” (Zappone, 2012, p.1). “Passive” candidates refer to the professionals who are not presently seeking another career opportunity (Zappone, 2012). In such situations
The view of Catholic Church upon the racial and sexual discrimination have always been controversial, as Catholic religion without official proclaiming has always put the races that worshipped it superior to all others, and men superior to women. The examples of this are numerous in many countries, especially in the USA. In St. Mary’s Academy a woman was not allowed to be a judge at a basketball game only because she was a woman. This corresponded to the views of the African American Catholic Church and discrimination against women is atypical thing there. The beliefs referred to are supporting the views from the Old Testament that are no longer official views of Catholicism but spoil the image of religion. According to them, men are breadwinners and therefore have much more rights in the society, while women should be house-keepers and cleaners, who always stay at home and have no right for political and social activities and for protests against such a state of things (Copeland, p. 632). The same situation can be observed in respect of the catholic attitudes towards ethnic minorities and, other than the white, races. Since the initial period of the European conquest of America Catholicism supported the point of view that all religions except Christianity are false and people who worship them are inferior to Christians. This was a nice and strong ideology for the conquerors that needed a convincing and, at the same time, justifying idea to explain the reasons and motivations for the conquest: “White Americans need for black and brown, yellow and red people to believe that whites are superior to people of color. Men need to have women believe that men are superior to women. Otherwise the conquest must continue until normative divergence is completely wiped out.” (Hewitt, p.300) From this quote we can see that religion had nothing to do with faith that people had, it was just a powerful means of conquering new lands and controlling people, and in this the ideology of the Catholic superiority was of great use as it allowed Catholics to suppress other nations having a good excuse for it. Nowadays, as the more and more attention is being paid to the issue of discrimination and role of religion in it, the situation seems to have started changing for better. Even the officials of the Catholic Church recognize that the actions of the church they represent and the tenets of Catholicism were not human in all aspects and the current state of things can not be considered normal. John Paul II even apologized before women for the long years of discrimination promoted and encouraged by Church: “And if objective blame [for offenses against the dignity of women], especially in particular historical contexts, has belonged to not just a few members of the Church, for this I am truly sorry.” (Hewitt, p.312) All the above said allows us to conclude that as far as discrimination against racial minorities and women is a significant problem in the modern world, especially in respect of social relations and employment, the current essay is relevant
The introductory part of an article is a critical section in a write-up as it establishes a firm foundation of the whole paper by indicating an author’s concern while setting up the stage for discussion and analysis. The article by Greenstone and Oliver indicates that the problem of global warming is one of the most perilous disasters whose effects are seen in low agricultural output, poor economic wellbeing of people, and high levels of poverty. The emission of Greenhouse gases and the resultant global warming have far-reaching effects witnessed in the fluctuations of weather and poor agricultural output. The author observes that human activities added carbon dioxide levels to the atmosphere. The article is properly introduced and the initial concerns about human activities on the environment and the emission of greenhouse gases are brought out clearly. By comparing the yearly variation in temperature with output in agricultural production, the notion of the effect of climate change is pointed as a key concept that impacts the economic wellbeing of people. This notion is well supported by Howard-Grenville, Buckle, and Hoskins (620) who view the current climate change as a major problem to the economy. The article convincingly explores climatic change and sustainability options in the methodology that culminates into results and discussions. Besides, the article is categorical that the ability to restore the necessary integrity and sanctity of the environment can only be effected through an understanding of factual information and the application of effective environmental policies. This concurs with Fenton, Paavola, and Tallontire’s (270) perspective as well as the views by Haque and Azizul that an approach that provides factual information regarding climatic change is crucial in safeguarding the environment (360). From the onset, the author is critical of the hedonic approach to understanding temperature changes. Instead, they use of yearly temperature measurements is effectively employed to bring out the magnitude of the problem as opposed to dealing with theories only. One of the greatest concerns of the article is whether there is a way out of the problem of global warming. The author of the article indicates that though the challenge is critical, it can be addressed, but only if the solution is sought from now. This leads to the question that the author fails to answer, “what would happen if the uncontrolled effects of global warming catch u
Evolution refers to the biological changes that occur among individual members of population over time. The changes are usually due to biological conditions and environmental factors. However, it is important to note that the entire population undergoes evolution and not just the individuals in such a population. There are four known forces of evolution and they include natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations. Natural selection involves differential survival traits. Different individuals in a given population will adapt to different characteristics. Consequently, they are able to compete with other species for scarce resources. Due to intense competition, species that are able to adapt to these characteristics survive while the rest become extinct. Many scientists refer to this phenomenon as survival for the fittest. This is a situation in which individuals who lack the ability to adapt to the needed characteristics are wiped out. At the same time, the traits of a given generation can change from one generation to another. Natural selection affects variations in a population through changes that occur to the phenotypes of different organisms. What this appears to suggest is that natural selection calls for behavioral and structural changes of body parts. On the other hand, gene flow is a term used in reference to the movement or migration of genetic materials across different populations. The flow of genes within a population increases variations of individuals within that population. Gene flow occurs mainly due to the highly mobile organisms in a population. Mobile organisms are able to interact with other organism and as a result, the exchange of genetic material from one organism to another takes place. This is what usually happens during mating. The resulting generations will thus posses the dominant genes from the two parents. In most cases, the resulting generations possess the hybrid genes of the parent genes. In genetic drift, some individuals may leave behind a higher percentage of genes than others. Consequently, some genes may end up drifting away as new generations are produced. The genes that drift away are usually lost forever. That is why certain organisms become extinct. Thus, genetic drift reduces the chances of genetic variations from one generation to another. Mutation is the change that occurs to the DNA material of organisms. Mutations can be harmful or beneficial. Mutations that contribute a lot to evolution are those that occur in the sex cells, as opposed to the somatic cells. This is because it is only the changes that occur in the reproductive cells that can be passed from the parent to an offspring. Mutations can lead to changes in the phenotype of organisms. A single mutation can bring about unnoticeable or small change in an organism. It can also result in a big change in another type of organism. Sometimes, mutations do not cause any changes to organisms. Thus, mutations produce notic
Leadership at work From the movie, “Change is good”, I have learned that change can influence my leaderships at work in the following three ways:  1. Promoting employees’ morale – Effective leadership requires the involvement of all the people affected by an undertaking in the workplace so that they can share their opinions regarding the proposed event.  2. Improving communication with the staff- To get enough support regarding a new idea in the workplace, designated leaders should put in place appropriate channels of communication and feedback so that individuals in various departments and positions have an opportunity to express themselves.  3. Improving employees’ commitment to an idea- The association of a change process with rewards enhances people’s resolve to ensure the adoption and implementation of an idea in the workplace. For example, the staff was more receptive to the idea of increased working hours after deliberations in which they proposed an hourly payment for extra hours. Furthermore, while the management had proposed the addition of two hours to the standard working schedule, the staff reached a consensus that they could work for more hours on an hourly system of payment. Change can influence my personal life in the following two ways:  1. Adopting a consultative approach in dealing with acquaintances – Consultation with family members and friends eliminates conflicts and disagreements, which have detrimental effects on relationships.  2. Identifying and nurturing the strengths of my colleagues – Operating within an all-encompassing framework helps one to gain insights on the talent and traits of various people, which is a great aspect of promoting teamwork. For example, being open and personal with the subordinate staff helped to address the frustrations associated with social comparison and the supposed expectations of other people regarding the junior staff. The three leadership theories The three leadership theories and their implementation are as follows:  1. Path-goal theory- I will implement this leadership theory by frequently organizing meetings between the management and workers in various departments to get an overview of employees’ concerns, which would allow the adoption of both short-term and long-term measures to ensure a highly motivated workforce (Northouse, 2009). Spending time with employees in the operations and maintenance department will allow a proper assessment of their working conditions and correction of deficiencies to ensure an improvement in unit performance. The path-goal theory emphasizes the need for a leader to be active in creating an enabling environment for his followers.  2. Leader-member exch
Learning Management Systems (LMS) constitute a package of tools to deliver knowledge, grading, communication, and evaluation of individual progress. Blackboard is one of the most popular LMS in the US, as it provides an intuitive interface along with all of the necessary parameters required for teachers and students, such as Announcements, Calendar, Tasks, Grades, Addresses, and Personal Information, which could be utilized to facilitate learning process effectively (Nyabawa, 2016). The project management plan for the implementation of Blackboard in a school setting will include the following: – Project initiation: The objectives would include the improvement of the learning experience for teachers and students and the creation of a more transparent process. The requirements for software chosen are cost-efficiency, ubiquitousness, and simplicity of use for teachers and students. Blackboard satisfies these requirements. – Scope planning: During this phase, the work that needs to be done will be identified (Watt, 2014). It will involve software and learning materials procurement, installation of Blackboard on all relevant computers, and teacher training. – Schedule planning: Time and human resources will be allocated towards specific tasks in this phase (Watt, 2014). The IT department will be assigned to installing Blackboard and rearranging the computers and infrastructure to ensure access in all classrooms. Teachers will be tasked to learn the system and transfer their knowledge to students. – Resource and budget planning: Certain material resources would need to be allocated to implement the project (Watt, 2014). Blackboard software will need to be purchased; learning materials shall be provided to teachers. Additional expenses would involve rearranging and upgrading the existing IT structure to fit the new, digitized form of education. – Change management. Teachers, parents, and students must be explained why Blackboard is an improvement in both the short-term and long-term perspectives. Transformational leadership is considered to be an appropriate approach (Watt, 2014). Project Proposal Project Objectives The objectives of the proposed project are as follows:   * Improve the learning experience by providing convenient access to tasks, materials, schedules, and homework for students and teachers;   * Enabling transparent communication visible to everyone, ensuring a lack of bias when grading;   * Reduce homework tardiness and in