ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction For a city to be established, there are specific things that need to be considered, for instance, economic growth, cultural affiliations, geography and topography, history that defines the origin of the city, resources available, politics, governance, population and facilities available. San Francisco is one among the many cities in California. This paper will discuss San Francisco and determine how it established itself. San Francisco city occupies the seven-mile-wide northern tip of the San Francisco peninsula, and hosts a population of 750,000 people with very slim possibilities of going beyond that capacity (Sinclair 1). As a city, it has gone through tough and good times socially and economically, some but a few include earth quakes, floods, and economic instabilities in the earlier days and the world wars both one and two. Due to it being a hub of activities, each time the city is faced with such challenges; it takes a short time to get back to its feet (Bing and Channell 33). It is considered as one of the major centers for transportation, cultural and financial activities. It has its history based on arts as its major establishment activity. The San Franciscans are known to be imaginative, which has given the city its name, “city of the imagination” (Sinclair 1). Throughout history, San Francisco has been known to be a city where anything and everything is possible. From politics, economic backgrounds and stands to their liberal perception on issues, it creates an atmosphere where everybody and anybody can coexist. This has attracted foreign investors from around the globe which has changed the face of the city to a more attractive one. Thesis Statement Due to San Francisco’s establishment as a city based on imagination and one that is always in progress and growth, it has taken the position of being considered a more livable city than most of the other cities in California. This far, it has been able to preserve the grounds on which it was established; imagination and attracting the outside world through its position in the region, state, national and global economy (Brook, Carlson and Peters vii). Due to the city’s stand, it has continued to contribute positively to the growth of California, which has contributed to the attraction of foreign investors and heads of major corporations. This has contributed positively to the image of San Francisco from the old ugly town to the productive town that has grown with time. San Francisco The economy of San Francisco has been on rapid growth since the time of Gold rush. This attracted so many people from all over the world
In his article, Albert Rothenberg (2001) focuses on the relationship between such variables as creativity and bipolar illness. Overall, I find this work very informing and thought-provoking. The author argues that bipolar disorder does not increase creative abilities of an individual (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 144). He demonstrates that there is little or no dependence between these variables. This article can be very useful to therapists and patients. People should remember that bipolar disorder can be a very dangerous illness that is more likely to harm the creative capacity of an individual, rather than promote it. In my opinion, Albert Rothenberg provides very convincing and interesting examples in order to illustrate his viewpoint. On the whole, this article raises many questions that researchers and therapists should consider. First of all, the author believes that the connection between bipolar disorder and creativity may be very difficult to determine (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 131). Therefore, researchers should understand how the connection between these two phenomena can be best examined or measured. They have to choose the methods that ensure the validity of results; otherwise their studies may be of very little use. Secondly, Albert Rothenberg says that people, who are engaged in creative activities can be more vulnerable to mood disorders (2001, p. 132). Therefore, therapists should think of how they can best help such patients. Probably, there is an approach that works most effectively for such people. Finally, the author mentions various famous artists or writers like Van Gogh or Virginia Woolf (Rothenberg, 2001, p. 132). In many cases, their psychological problems were diagnosed on the basis of their diaries or other autobiographical records. The question arises whether such records can used for the purposes of psychiatric diagnosis. One should determine the extent to which they are reliable. This article can have significant implications mostly for the field of psychology. Overall, this work can raise higher standards for psychologists who study the relationship between mood disorders and creativity or intelligence. As it has been said before, they have to develop more complex methods that can either prove or disprove the relation between bipolar illness and creative talents. The development of such methods can be a very challenging task. Secondly, people, who are not professional psychologists or psychiatrists, will have to be more aware of about the dangers of mood disorders. The author eloquently illustrates the point that psychological disorders can and should be treated. There is no reason to associate creativity or improved performance with mood disorders. Such an approach is hardly perm
Money laundering is a crime with an extensive history (Clevenger 53). Moreover, it tends to be interconnected with numerous cases of illicit activities. This type of criminal event has a serious impact on the economy of nonprofit organizations. It has been stated that frauds in nonprofit organizations are closely related to financial and nonfinancial activities (Clevenger 53). On a bigger scale, this situation motivates the whole world to act cooperatively to minimize the adverse effects of money laundering and eradicate this illicit activity in general. Two main weaknesses are typical for nonprofit organizations – high staff turnover at all organizational levels and low probability of finding accounting and business experts in the nonprofit field (Clevenger 54). Owing to the stealthy nature of frauds, no one truly knows the amount of money that illegitimately circulates in the transnational monetary system. Fraud is not simply an operational or monetary risk. It is integrally a human menace, meaning it repeatedly crosscuts several occupations and branches within a nonprofit organization (Clevenger 54). To battle this multifaceted risk, nonprofits face a serious necessity to address fraud, beginning with more direction and devotion from leaders to generate an anti-fraud atmosphere and design a fraud-risk supervision function (Clevenger 55). Believably, though, because of their assignment-driven motivation and inadequate functional budgets, nonprofit frontrunners are repeatedly left with virtually no time and fewer resources available to proactively elaborate the anti-fraud governance actions. One of the most significant restraints of fraud is realizing that the organization does not accept it in any form and will act proficiently to spot it and take proper action if acknowledged (Clevenger 56). One of the serious issues that should be addressed within a nonprofit organization is the document destruction. Even though it is a federal crime, numerous nonprofit organizations do not have the policies that would restrict the destruction of public company documents (Clevenger 57). A possible solution to this is to found an inspection committee. The formation of this committee would help get an understanding of the situation in the company and coordinate the appropriate actions in case of fraudulent activity. Another important addition to the preventive measures would be the creation of the document maintenance policy (Clevenger 58). This policy would simplify the way the company chooses the documents that should be stored or destructed. Moreover, this policy should take into consideration both electronic and traditional (printed) types of documentation. By implementing this policy, the organization will be able to keep its employees contented, and they will be more likely to trust their employer (Clevenger 59). A document maintenance policy is a great way to guarantee data privacy and erad
Homelessness has been one of the significant health and social issues in the United States. It emerged as a national issue shortly after the Civil War in the 1870s (“Permanent supportive housing,” 2018). Vagrants during this era were mainly foreigners who traversed the country in search of labor following the industrialization and urbanization process. Demographically, the hobos were young white men who deviated from the cultural norms of the Americans. The vagabonds preferred open roads and riding the rails as opposed to working as constrained workers in the industries (“Permanent supportive housing,” 2018). Due to this counterculture, being homeless had a negative connotation since they were mainly perceived as lazy, ill-conditioned, and irreclaimable tramps. However, in the 1880s, the public perceptions of homelessness improved following the development of literature that appreciated their courage and willingness to deviate from monotony and oppression associated with industrial work. Additionally, factories started appreciating the value of company loyalty and longevity (“Permanent supportive housing,” 2018). This shift in the work culture, mediated by World War II, allowed migrant workers to take up temporary factory jobs. Until then, the homeless population was predominantly white and male. After World War II, the demographics shifted to include older males (50 years old), the disabled, and those whose livelihood depended on social welfare. Ironically, those regarded as derelicts during that era do not meet the modern definitions of homelessness. The Housing and Urban Development (HUD) defines a homeless person as one living in an inhabitable place, lacks a nighttime residence, and is unstably housed and can continue living in that state (“Permanent su
This journal analyzes how security laws impact 49 countries in as far as issuance of new equity to the public is concerned. The study was necessitated by the fact that there was always the risk of bad securities being sold to the public by corporate bodies. The possible risk posed to the public was examined using the security laws that are used in each of the 49 countries when there is an initial public offering. The findings were drawn from the relationships which were derived when these security laws were assessed vis-à-vis stock market development variables. This study was carried out under the assumption that governments want security markets to be left unregulated; but those issuing securities do dispatch all relevant information so as to attract high prices due to the resulting investor confidence. In this framework, disclosure relates to information regarding profitability and structure of ownership. Another assumption was that government policy through private stock exchanges could dictate full provision of information through monitoring of trading processes. This second framework called for the use of an enforcer of securities laws such as a Security and Exchange Commission which monitored trading activities. In these two assumptions, it was held that security laws matter in the existing markets because they could raise contracting costs hence attract interference from external bodies e.g. politicians. The 49 countries impacted this study since attorneys from each country were used to provide a list of rules and regulations which regulate the giving of securities to the public. The measures of security laws used in this study included liability standards, mandatory disclosure and public enforcement. Data collection was done through the use of a questionnaire which was filled by attorneys in the 49 participating countries in the study. A practical example of an actual dispute was used to illustrate how markets have been affected by the lack of security laws. The findings of the study concluded that security laws do matter in stock markets just as the hypothesis suggested.
Introduction Businesses are established with the intention of making positive returns to shareholders. But this is not guaranteed, since there are numerous challenges that those business organizations face as they operate in the wider environment (Jain & Haley, 2009). Many forces have combined to make the business environment in modern world complex and sometime uncertain, which has forced companies and businesses to initiate strategies that are superior in responding to the market needs. Therefore, today, many businesses are involved in developing diverse market orientations that give business managers opportunity to analyze, plan and implement strategies within the local markets and outside markets in which the businesses operate. To succeed in this new dynamic business environment, businesses will require having in place, marketing planning strategies that perfectly capture the nature of the business environment while at same time responding to customer needs and wants in the most appropriate way. Marketing plans envisioned should be effective and efficient in nature to enable the company chart successfully through the murky and turbulent waters of modern business environment. The plan should integrate the goals and objectives of the business in the widest perspective. At the same time, the marketing planning should have foundation in the vision, mission, and goals of the business, and be able to give proper outline on how well to achieve set goals ands objectives for the business (Hamper and Baugh, 1990). Market Overview Market trends Banking and financial institutions demonstrate greater potential for growth even as the wider market faces some challenges. As early as 2010, it was established that about 40% of UK banks had increased their business volumes and opportunities and only 9% had witnessed decline in their growth volumes (BBC News Business, 2010). At the same time, the research conducted by CBI during the same year indicated that, since 2007 banks have been on the upward move, a fact that is likely to continue into the future (BBC News Business, 2010). On overall, majority of banks continue to report positive profits even though some regulations and restructuring initiated in the banking sector has been blamed for slow growth rate unlike it had been projected before. Lloyds Banking Group has been growing and expanding innovative products (Lloyds Banking Group, N.d). This is especially after its merger with TSB Group. The bank’s efforts remain largely centered on innovation, and its products are diversified in numerous markets in the country and around the world (New York Times, 1995). These products the company has diversified in various products and markets in an attempt to grow and increase its share in the market. Therefore, the wider market trend in the banking sector shows that relative growth is going to be recorded although it may not be the exact figure or rate hoped for due to numerous stifling issues emerging in the sector. Nevertheless, to respond appropriatel
Coca-Cola is a company that is famous for producing the carbonated coca-cola soft drinks. Coca-cola is sold in many countries, and it is tailored to blend in various countries. It dominates the market due to its superb marketing skills and advertisement. The company has a mission statement, vision, values, culture and a strategy for the market. It has a mission statement that projects at refreshing the world, inspiriting moments of optimism and joy, making value and creating a difference. This acts as the benchmark upon which the company rates its progress and guide the types of decisions it lays. The company also possesses a vision, which is a guiding factor to the units of the business, which is achieved by laying out whatever they need to achieve in order to sustain their progress and standards. Coca-cola’s vision covers a large area within which it sets its strategies. This is the scope upon which they operate. It covers employees, globe, productivity, returns, profit and portfolio. In terms of their productivity, they aim to be an effectual and a fast moving unit. Consequently, they are aimed at maximizing their revenues without compromising their responsibilities. In addition, they aspire to be a place where people dream and enjoy work. They achieve this by creating a network linking all stakeholders. They, in turn, produce high quality brands and maximize communities’ welfare by helping them grow and sustain themselves. Moreover, the company has values to prop their vision and mission. They encourage future focusing on leadership, integrity, cooperation, passion, responsibility, value and responsibility. The company requires the employees to be creative and focus on the customers’ needs. They are expected to be diverse in their world view and this should generate their search for information. In addition, they are required to be flexible and respond quickly to urgency. These assumptions are based on their aspiration to be a brand of fun, optimism, creativity and passion. The company ties to make work pleasant to the employees and therefore strives to make their brand a globally accepted one. National culture can affect the organizational behavior in some ways. In a country like the USA, where there is a lot of freedom, rules at work need to be relaxed. This generates creativity but weakens pressure at work. In other countries, where health is minded by the popula
Step 1 The tourism industry has been booming in Turkey, and it is likely to become an important part of its economy. The resources of the state allow for a streak of revenue obtained from tourism, which implies that a marketing strategy for promoting tourism for target customers needs to be designed. A combination of resorts and historical sites makes Turkey a very attractive tourist destination, which should be used to encourage economic growth within the state. Therefore, the mission of the project is to attract new tourists to Turkey to promote its economic development, whereas the vision involves creating an environment in which sustainable tourism can thrive in Turkey. The inimitable combination of the ancient history and modern setting should be seen as the unique selling proposition (USP) for tourism in Turkey. The sites that the state has to offer are truly spectacular and worthy of seeing, whereas food and hotel services are modern and sophisticated. The USP in question will be used to promote tourism in Turkey. Particularly, one should consider Pamukkale as the key tourist destination due to its magnificent water terraces and historical sites, including the antique ruins of Hierapolis (Richardson, 2015). At present, the tourist resources of the specified destination belong to the categories of Luxury, Leisure and Entertainment, and Residential ones (Management Association, Information Resources, 2017). These resources include local hotels, restaurants, sites, and entertainment, such as cinemas. Therefore, expanding the range of options for tourists to enjoy should be considered. It will be necessary to add a medical, business, and sport-related tourist resources to ensure that the quality of the services remains high. Therefore, the services associated with transportation, food, and selling souvenirs should be seen as hard products, whereas the process of sightseeing and the services that include movies and other types of entertainment should be seen as soft ones. Thus, the types of products that will be offered to the target population will not be different from the ones that tourists can enjoy in any other tourist destination. Instead, it is the way in which tourists will experience the specified services that will define the uniqueness of the local tourism industry. The synergy of the components will play a key part in increasing the attractiveness of this tourist destination. For instance, the inimitable flair of the ancient era and the presence of modern technology and facilities will become a crucial characteristic that will attract tourists and make Turkey look particularly interesting to the target demographic. In addition, the synergy of cultures should also become the focus of people’s attention since it will invite people to embrace the connection between multiple cultures. Finally, the synergy between the past and the future should be seen as the synergy that will produce the greatest impact on tourists and impress them to the greatest extent. The coexistence of ancient ruins and modern technological innovations will produce a striking contrast that will astonish even seasoned travelers and ensure that they will remain
Problem Description A victim of sexual abuse faces a range of challenges even after the traumatic experience is over. Attempting to cope with the vast array of psychological problems that sexual abuse ensues and at the same time trying to sustain communication with family members, address professional issues, etc., implies dealing with an unmanageable amount of strain and pressure. Furthermore, the attempt at stifling the traumatic experience will inevitably affect a victim negatively, with repressed emotions being released involuntarily at some point (Ullman & Relyea, 2016). Therefore, addressing life after sexual abuse is crucial. Particularly, it is important for a victim to develop a coping mechanism that will eventually contribute to healing. For this reason, comprehensive intervention for the victims of sexual abuse must be provided. Because of the necessity to manage the problem of stigma and the following fear of communication, a strategy allowing to develop a coping mechanism and shape patients’ behavior to make the process as less stressful as possible is required. Behaviors Contributing to and Resulting from the Problem The attempt to conform to the standards and behaviors that the society expects from sexual abuse survivors is typically ranked among the top reasons for psychological health issues to develop in the target population (Boroughs et al., 2015). According to recent studies, the fear of being ostracized or being the subject of societal contempt serves as the primary factor leading to the development of psychological issues in sexual abuse victims (Boroughs et al., 2015). As a result, the specified demographic tends to experience significant stress and focuses on self-blaming (Ullman & Relyea, 2016). Consequently, people that have suffered abuse develop the fear of communicating with the rest of community members and refrain from interactions (Ullman & Relyea, 2016). The specified behavior aggravates the problem since it reinforces social isolation and leads to even greater trauma. Theoretical Perspectives To approach the problem of trauma management among the victims of sexual abuse, one will have to focus on theoretical frameworks such as the Attachment Theory (Cantón-Cortés, Cortés, & Cantón, 2015). The latter implies the analysis of the problem from the perspective of a sexual abuse survivor who has experienced the lack of attachment in infancy and, therefore, is incapable of handling the issue of their sexual abuse and psychological trauma by creating stronger bonds with family and community members. In addition, the Family Systems Theory can be applied to handle the instances of sexual abuse that occurred in a family (Karakurt & Silver, 2014). The framework mentioned above will help handle the issues associated with incest and similar cases of sexual abuse within a family (Karakurt & Silver, 2014). The suggested theory will serve as a pathway to understanding the needs of sexual abuse victims, as well as the ways in which they can regain confidence and even g