ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Louis Vuitton The history of Louis Vuitton Company (LV) belongs to the timeless legends that inspired numerous entrepreneurs to start their business from scratch. As a truck-maker, Louis Vuitton noticed that most bags, which were manufactured at the time, shared a common disadvantage of being bulky yet failing to hold a significant amount of luggage. At some point in his career, he decided to revolutionize the industry by improving the design of suitcases and making them more convenient. The new design was welcomed rather fast, and in 1854 Vuitton started a company of the same name to sell the trucks that were devoid of the flaw mentioned above (Kastanakis and Balabanis 1400). The enterprise is located at 22, avenue Montaigne, Paris, Ile-de-France, 75008, France (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Company Overview” par. 1–9) The company still prospers and even manages to retain its position at the top of the world’s charts of the most successful retailers. Among the key people in the organization, Mr. Bernard Amault, LV’s Chairman and CEO (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Key Employee Biographies” par. 1), and Antonio Belloni, its Managing Director (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Key Employees” par. 1–3) should be named. The firm has around 60 brands at present owing to branching out into five segments (“Fashion and Leather Goods, Selective Retailing, Wines and Spirits, Perfumes and Cosmetics, and Watches and Jewelry” (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Business Description” par. 2)). Twelve products and 18 brands, including Dom Perignon, Guerlain, and Moet & Chandon (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Major Products and Services” par. 2–19), are represented by the firm. The company also has 22 affiliates (“LVMH Moet Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA Head Office” par. 2). However, as LV started expanding into new markets in the environment of the global economy, new challenges appeared, demanding to be addressed. As the analysis of the company’s current position in the retail market and the strategies adopted by its leader show, LV will have to alter some of its marketing and leadership-related principles as well as shape its values to appeal to a new kind of customers and attract more clients. Market Type: Imperfect Competition By definition, imperfect competition presupposes that the market is dominated by several companies th
Lets us begin with a brief introduction of John Stuart. He was born in British an economist and a civil servant. Stuart made a major contribution to political theory, political economy, and social theory in Britain and beyond. Stuart stood firm on the concept of liberty and freedom of individuals. He was strongly against the state of controlling humanity based on the distribution of resources. He stood firm for the idea that the human race should make decisions as they see fit and be provided with a variety of options as opposed to presenting a situation that leaves them without. Stuart was a strong proponent of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is an ideology that originated from Jeremy Bentham. The ideology stands for using the available natural resources for the greater benefit of all. Stuart figured out that state of control was the basis of scientific management methods, which were used to induce human choices. Stuart was also very much against falsification. Falsification is another key component of scientific methods of management to influence the choices made by human beings (Thompson, 1914). Since John Stuart Mill was against every key component of scientific management methods, there is no way he could have supported Taylor’s scientific management process. Background the reader needs to understand the question The question asks whether Stuart can support Taylor. Without considering the positions of these two people, your answer would be a straight yes. However, before that, it is important too, first of all, find out whether they support the same ideology or not. After factoring in the diverging views of the two, it will be safe to give a response. The reader must understand that Stuart, unlike Taylor, was a strong proponent of utilitarianism (Thompson, 1914). Taylor on the other hand supported the use of scientific management methods. A strong supporter of utilitarianism believes that a state of control confiscates from individuals, liberty, and the necessary free will to make desired choices (Thompson, 1914). Jeremy Bentham, the originator of utilitarianism was against the concentration of public wealth for personal gains. He considered the act unethical since it posed a great threat to the human democratic way of life. Like Jeremy, Stuart held similar ideologies concerning democracy (Thompson, 1914). The reader needs to understand clearly that Taylor is a strong proponent of scientific methods of management. In this ideology, those with limitless access to public resources concentrate them under their possession and use their surplus status to oppress those who live in wealth deficiency. This act limits
Introduction When searching for a public service announcement, I examined different images dealing with such vital issues as social injustice, abuse, sexism, and many others. However, I have decided to analyze the image of a global character and have chosen an advertisement of the World Wide Fund that reminds everyone on our planet about the importance of trees as the Earth’s lungs. The image speaks strongly to me because it uses symbolism to capture attention to the global problem of deforestation as the result of human activity. Main body The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate how imagery, composition, color, and symbols combine in one image to build a strong and socially important message. Every day new advertisements that call for environmental protection appear, but I want to show that this particular one perfectly illustrates how a visual image can invoke emotions through the symbols. This announcement is successful in creating an image that aims to affect people’s minds all around the globe and attract their attention to the problem of losing the planet’s lungs. The first criterion by which I evaluate this image is the clarity of the message. When looking at the picture, one can see two big forests in the shape of the lungs, one of which is damaged. This malformation immediately draws the viewer’s attention because of its dark color that opposes the green color around. The image of the woods in the form of the human lungs manipulates the viewer’s mind by the truthfulness of its representation. The rivers flow through the forest as if the blood vessels run through the lungs. The sky is cloudy, which creates a gloomy light in the picture. The second evaluation criterion is the power of the message. The gloomy landscape, the deficient beauty, and the feeling of destroyed health make the viewer think about the importance of forests for human existence. The comparison of the forest with the lungs creates a realistic vision that imitates the raw photo. The emphasis is put on the “ill” lung, which looks unnatural and has a deformed shape and structure. The damaged area of the “lungs” once was part of a green forest, but now we can see the equipment in its place. These details draw the viewer’s attention to the visual and powerful message, which provokes anger by the destruction made by human hands. In the described image, pathos is a powerful rhetorical technique because of the use of the symbol of the lungs, which appeals to the viewers’ emotions and evokes the feelings that already reside in them. People should realize that they hurt not only the planet’s lungs but also the human ones. We are one with nature, and by killing it, we kill humans and deprive ourselves of normal breathing. For this reason, the symbol of the lungs is used here to easily convey this idea to the public and appeal to their emotions. Logos is also cle
Abstract Credit cards are cards that are used by customers to make payments. The customer gets credit in his card with the promise that he or she will pay back the money to the company later after making purchases. The customer pays back the money with interest. This interest is the profit and revenue to the credit company. There are some customers who refuse to pay back the money, causing huge losses to the company. Studying the behaviour of the customers and capturing information related to the customers will help the companies determine who to give credit based on their behaviours and projected creditworthiness. Introduction Technology has grown rapidly over the last couple of decades, changing the way most things used to be done traditionally. Technology has made things easier and more efficient. The business world has been transformed greatly by the introduction of technology. Technology has facilitated innovation in business by increasing the efficiency, quality of services offered to the customers, as well as the profitability of businesses. On the other hand, technology has also affected the buying behaviour of customers in a positive way. Customers can now make payments using debit cards (Houghton, 2009). Customers can borrow money using credit cards. The customer is given an advance and expected to pay with interest. This method of payment has been met with a number of challenges in that some people default the debts and refuse to pay, leading to credit card companies making huge losses. However, the companies are now developing new ways that they can use to track customers and make them pay the dues. This article will focus on the issues concerned with credit cards. Summary of the case The case is about the new credit card profiling methods that have resulted from the increase in the number of people who fail to pay their credits. All sales made using a credit card are recorded and stored in a database and the information is used by the credit company for various purposes. The records indicate the type of purchase the customer made. The information is used by companies to target promotions. For instance, frequent buyers of a given commodity can be targeted and given discounts. According to the case, the cards can also be used to guard users against fraud. This is possible when the company notices an unusual buying behaviour of the card user. Another use of credit cards is that they can be used to control users who charge more than their cards’ limits or have erratic spending habits. Finally, the cards are used for the purposes of tracking criminals. The case explains how the credit card companies make profits from the interests paid by card users. It also exhibits how users default their credits and cause huge losses for the companies. However, it goes on to explain how the companies can reduce the losses by studying the behaviours of customers and then determining the people who are creditworthy and those who are not. The case suggests that some behaviour indicate the inability of a customer to pay their balances
Introduction The excitement and hope that accompanied college graduation many years ago have slowly but surely faded; giving way to despair and dread. New college graduates face a bleak future riddled with unemployment, underemployment, and huge student loans on their shoulders. Success in this type of environment requires “self branding” and excellence in almost all spheres. Many jobs were lost during the economic depression of 2008/2009. Today, many countries are yet to find a balance between existing jobs and the influx of new graduates into the job market. In reality, new graduates face the most daunting and competitive job environment ever witnessed in the world. This situation is the same in all fields. Graduate Trends in Marketing Over the years, marketing job market has changed significantly. Virtually all business spheres demand marketing skills and knowledge. The roles of marketing have equally broadened to encompass product research and market analysis. Traditionally, marketing has been viewed to be principally concerned with product and company image promotion. However, these new roles have made it integral to the business environment. Whereas many people consider marketing field too crowded with few opportunities, the reality is that it is a fast expanding filed not yet fully filled. In fact, the field has continued to open up new opportunities for job seekers, and the possibilities of its exhaustion are minimal. Marketing graduates have a lot to offer to both employers and the society. A marketing course gives a broader view of the business environment, which makes marketing professionals stand out in the business environment. This is because the course covers not only product promotion aspects, but also business image and the environment within which a business operates. These three aspects are the cornerstones in any business line. In this “ever-changing world of work,” marketing is very important (Andreanoff 2012, Mentoring Scheme). What a Marketing Degree Offers A marketing degree offers numerous opportunities to graduates. According to Pride & Ferrell (2011, p. 472) because marketing is so diverse, “it offers numerous career opportunities for people with a wide range of qualifications.” The world is dynamic and new media emerge almost daily. Excellent marketers cannot look far for available opportunities to exercise their knowledge and skills, as opportunities are everywhere. Marketing offers a wide range of career paths. Some of the major paths are discussed below. Advertising Sales Marketing professionals who venture into advertising sales work for media outlets like TV, newspapers, and radio. Their job is seeking out other companies and businesses to buy advertising space from the company they are attached. Media Planning Are professional who help advertisers identify the b
GCC Strategies GCC is generally geared towards ensuring that the total volume of investment by foreigners is maintained. The GCC knows that should investors leave this region, then complications and an immense crisis would ensue. Therefore other than ensuring that there is deep diversification from oil trade, the GCC is strategizing in ensuring that the confidence of investors is high for the whole region (Stensgaard, 2003). This would lead to the opening up of new forms of investments. In the long run, the region is going to experience more growth than it is even enjoying. The strategies of this council are clearly seen through its main stated objectives. These objectives include a way to formulate regulations that are similar in both member countries. These regulations are majorly directed in the fields concerned with trade, tourism, economy, legislation, finance, administration and customs. Another one of their main objectives is to ensure that industrial technical and scientific activities are fostered. This fostering is also to cover the areas of water, mining, animal resources and agriculture. There is an ambitious objective of establishment of centers for research that is scientific oriented. Additionally, joint ventures and the creation of
Belief systems can have dynamic impacts, causing profound transformations in personalities and civilizations, for better or worse (Fisher, 2017). Animism was practiced majorly by the Native Americans (Fisher, 2017). Fisher (2017) enumerates that the concept of natural objects such as rocks, stars, and trees among the Native Americans has sentient souls. Since earlier civilizations in Native America, there has been faith in a diverse range of demons, including a water-bug demon and a thorn demon (Fisher, 2017). The spirits of those who were not appropriately acknowledged following their deaths also fell among the range of demons (Fisher, 2017). These demons were perceived to be wreaking so much havoc that numerous measures were made to prevent them, including gongs. Additionally, Fisher (2017) suggests that evil – deflecting charms, pleas through spirit mediums, firecrackers, exorcisms, spirit walls to keep them out of entrances, fasts, incense, and prayers were also used. The Native Americans took part in coming-of-age and initiation rites (Fisher, 2017) that included spiritual dance and sun dances to persuade spirits to their side. In several native traditions, it was believed that the best way to connect with spirit is to leave it to people who have been particularly enlightened (Fisher, 2017). Experts’ tasks differ according to a group, but one typical function was that of the narrator, who had to recall lengthy and intricate narratives and melodies to preserve and teach the community’s religious customs. The other prized function was membership in a secret organization through either invitation or initiation, enabling the individual to connect with the spirit realm (Fisher, 2017). Fisher (2017) itemizes that mystical performers also brought invisible energies to light and that in some religiously diverse communities, ceremonies are performed by priests and priestesses. The Native American religions revered creatures and were naturists, clinging to the belief that they possessed supernatural insight and foresight. Furthermore, they envisioned infiltrating the sky-world and underworld cosmos. To maintain harmony with the cosmological cycle, the ancient civilizations invented numerous ways of intuition (Fisher, 2017). The federal character of invisible spirits’ powers was also a firmly held notion in the religion of the Native Americans. Based on external influences on culture, the manifestation of religion has changed. Conversely, African faiths acknowledge the existence of spirits but primarily believe in supernatural creatures. Several indigenous religions acknowledge a supreme deity, whereas others identify with a massive array of beings (Fisher, 2017). Communicating with spirits was very crucial to several religions, especially in Africa (Fisher, 2017). All components of the human realm were considered to be endowed with spirits and interrelated, and respect is consequently requi
Information determines whether an organization, such as Caesars, would achieve its business objectives in the highly competitive market. Through effective communication, the organization is likely to establish strong relations with its customers. However, poor circulation of information results to poor service delivery, as it brings about lower inefficiency. For instance, the top management might draft a vague email for its customers that would need clarification while some written materials might need rewriting due to several errors. This affects the flow of information, meaning that communication skills are needed to facilitate business development. Poor information circulation leads to low morale among employees, given the fact that they are the most important asset of any organization, as they are charged with the role of service delivery. Additionally, poor information and ineffective communication skills affect innovation in the organization. The highly competitive market demands that an organization strives to achieve innovation, as it would give it an advantage. Use of Database Technologies The use of database in running a business is important in a number of ways. For instance, it maximizes the transfer of information from one source to the other, implying that it provides a solution to the traditional storage system, which was ineffective and inefficient. The system allows microsecond response, which translates to less memory use for the large workloads. This is known to diminish database pre-core certification costs. Database storage system permits faster report production and real-time dispensation of information on larger pieces of information, which steps up various applications by up to twenty times the normal speed. This would definitely improve the performance of the organization, as well as the output of the labor force. Use of Distributed Databases or a Data Warehouse Distributed databases and data warehouse play an important role in collecting and organizing important information that would be utilized in making decisions in the organization. Data experts are charged with the responsibility of retrieving, summarizing, and formatting information to be used in analysis and execution of decisions. In many organizations, including Caesars, several distributed databases and data warehouse are used d. SQL specifically describes the uses of SQL in any data warehouse while OLAP and data mining explains the online analytical processing, as well as data mining technologies that are employed in any data warehouse. Effects of Security Breach Setting up security systems is always costly for any organization, but Caesars should ensure that adequate such systems exist to avoid damages associated with security breach. One of the effects of security breach is ruined reputation. Any information posted on the web is expected to stay forever while an email can easily be hacked, which would consequently affect the trust of customers. Without appropriate security systems, the organization stands to lose its image in the pu
Foreign banks in the Russian banking sector Barclays bank is a British multinational that put on hold its retail business in the Russian market. Barclays closed its retail business to offer investment banking. Initially, Barclays bought Expo bank to enable it offer consumer banking services, but later realized that the bank lacked the business edge to compete. Barclays bank group president stated that Barclays had to exit its retail business to concentrate more on institutional banking. “Barclays Bank’s retail business is more labor-intensive and painstaking, while adjusting investment banking takes less time and resources” (Nikishenkov 2011). HSBC bank closed its retail business due to competition from state owned banks, which were controlled by the state. Other competitors were established banks such as Raiffeisen bank and ING Bank Group (Aris 2011). HSBC closed its retail business to offer services to institutional customers and corporates. This was to tap into the global clients doing business internationally who would benefit from the extensive global network of HSBC (Mauldin 2011). KBC Group divested from the Russian market by selling its subsidiary, Absolut Bank. “KBC Group struck a deal to sell its Russian banking unit Absolut Bank, one of the final businesses it is divesting to meet conditions agreed with European regulators after it received state aid” (Herman 2012). The state aid from Flemish Regional Government was to bail it out of the financial crisis. Therefore, it had to sell its subsidiary to meet the government debt and conditions set by the European regulators (Huybrecht 2014). Raiffeisenbank success has been due to mergers and acquisition. It successfully acquired 100% of Impexbank. The other success factor was its rapid expansion of the sales network in the country. It has reached more than 140 million clients (Palzer 2011). Unicredit success is due to its long presence in the Russian market and having a strong financial and capital base. “The other success factor has been good access to international markets, favorable positioning and core competencies” (Boker 2011). Citibank has been successful because it invested in banking infrastructure before starting business. It laid down infrastructure such as ATM in major towns of Russia and opened more than 50 offices. It has a well established internet and mobile banking platforms (Nikishenkov 2012). Hypothesis  1. Foreign bank exits the Russian market due to government interference.  2. Banks that are successful in Russia have been in existence for a long time.  3. Successful banks in Russia offer corporate, SME and institutional banking only. Research Questions  1. What are the laws and regulations set up by the Central Bank of Russia (CBR) in regard to the operation of foreign banks?  2. Why do banks pull out of the Russian market?  3. Why do other f