ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Each person is unique in their eating habits, and it goes beyond food preferences. Lunch has become a ritual in which the individual gets emotional pleasure, shows creativity, and experience socialization. Food covers the level of interaction between subjects, namely the desire to be alone or share a table with friends or family. Cooking at home and visiting a restaurant seem to be similar processes because, in the end, people satisfy their hunger. However, social rationale and self-realization, which are part of obtaining food, are fundamentally opposite in two cases. Many secondary factors influence the decision to eat at home or out, but it is cooking on my own that unlocks creativity and likewise allows me to gather friends and socialize in my kitchen. Cooking is an art because the individual makes a personal effort to prepare the food. Besides, any recipe can be tailored to suit specific tastes by changing ingredients, adding spices, and cooking principles. Eating at home allows me to be flexible in my thinking and be minimally dependent on secondary factors. First of all, the process of preparing for dinner is an emotional pleasure since I have the opportunity to realize my creative potential. Usually, I lie in bed or on the couch and dream about what will be on my table in a couple of hours. It has romantic properties as it involves a combination of desire and imagination that will eventually be interpreted in practice. Searching for recipes on the internet or cookbooks is research that is based on excitement about the outcome. Besides, I can adjust my feelings to my tastes, such as adding garlic or replacing meat with fish. On the other hand, a restaurant visit seems more comfortable and does not involve mental activity since the service provider is responsible for preparing the food. Minor factors such as weather and health can affect eating out. For example, a cold winter evening forces me to put on many layers of clothing, tidy up my hair, and spend time walking or driving to a restaurant. The eatery also offers a limited selection of dishes indicated on the menu, which may not satisfy someone’s taste needs. Thus, even after spending more time cooking, eating at home is more creative and exciting than going to a restaurant. Socialization is an integral part of cooking as it covers meeting friends and family. Cooking at home allows me to be sure that guests’ unexpected arrival does not come as an unpleasant surprise. I can set the table and have a pleasant evening, even with mismatched background factors. Moreover, home settings determine the choice of music, lighting, and contingent concerning the people’s preferences present in the apartment. In other wo
Debates about advantages and risks of implementing information technologies in the educational process have been ongoing for many years. Although the education system already has quite an extensive experience in the area of computer-based learning, a lot of people are still cautious about the extent of using new technological gadgets. Nevertheless, one cannot dismiss the fact that the primary educational value of information technologies is that they allow for the creation of an unimaginably more vibrant multi-sensory interactive learning environment with unlimited possibilities. Technology provides the opportunity to involve categories of students with different abilities and pace of learning in the process of progressive education. Mohammed claims that “ed tech can improve learning when used to personalize to each student’s pace.” Moreover, the 2018 meta-analysis, which was based on 126 experiments, indicated that “the increased access to technology in school was associated with improved proficiency with technology overall” (Mohammed). In this respect, the school should provide all the possible means currently available to ensure that “no student experiences a 21 st -century skills and opportunity gap” (Mohammed). This idea is especially important because not all population segments have the same access to electronic gadgets due to economic inequality. Conversely, multiple opponents of implementing technology in the classroom cite various studies proving its negative neurological impact. Mohammed states that in 2016, the American Association of Pediatrics updated their screen time guidelines, limiting the recommended maximum amount of time children should spend interacting with gadgets. And it is absolutely right with respect to the screen time outside the school. However, it seems unwise to take technology out of the classroom, where it acts as a valuable tool to enhance the education process. There is no simple answer to the question of whether to include technology in the education process or not. However, it is evident that compared to the usual means of learning, the new technology allows not only to saturate students with a large amount of knowledge but also to develop their ability to work with various sources of information. It also provides equal learning opportunities to students of different socioeconomic backgrounds. Works Cited  1. Bradbury, Ray. The Veldt . 1950  2. Mohammed, Saro. “ Is technology good or bad for learning. ” Brookings, 2019. Web.
Introduction International business is expanding due to the effects of rising globalisation. More and more non-traditional and diverse markets are opening up to allow foreign investment in their own markets. As a result, many companies, especially from the Western world are looking for and investing in markets for various benefits that are associated with crossing of borders. Such a situation has resulted in employees working in markets that are very different from their own in terms of values and culture. The investing companies have a mix of staff from their home country, the host country and those of other countries. The general trend is to hire local people for non-managerial or even bottom and middle level management. The top managerial positions are usually reserved for experts from the home country itself. This has resulted in the growing importance of understanding of different and diverse work cultures that exists in different areas. For example, a manger who is from the United States and is deeply rooted to the values and work culture of that country may find the situation in a Middle East country very different and difficult to understand. A workshop on foreign employees working in alien cultures, in this case the Middle East was conducted and presented by me and my colleagues. The area of study involved cross cultural training. This paper is a self critique on that particular workshop. Overview of the Workshop and workshop materials This section is a brief overview of the workshop with reference to workshop materials. The study was regarding certain problems faced by a leading company from Europe operating in the three Middle East countries of UAE, Saudi Arabia and Egypt. The company runs a chain of hotels across the globe and has a presence in the above mentioned three countries. Three qualified HR managers, all of them from Western backgrounds, were sent to the Middle East markets where the company was operating to act as HR department heads. By the end of five years a number of problems had cropped up and two of the five HR heads returned home completing only one year. We could detect the following specific problems from analysing their reports. They include time commitment, difficulties to deal with the public sectors, working styles, and some personal issues such as living and interacting with the society. This cross cultural training workshop was organised to address the problem of living and working in alien cultures. According to my opinion, a lot of background research was conducted for the purpose of this study. The workshop materials form the background for the preparation of the actual workshop. Different theories of learning and culture were examined and its results included here. One of the best sources for cross cultural studies is from work done by Geert Hofstede, who is an authority on the subject. “Hofs
Introduction The Arabian Gulf remains of great concern to countries currently in the UAE including Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Dubai among other significant countries (Rose, 2010). Naming of the region was a controversial issue in the 4 th century and some people refer to it using different names. By 550 BC, the Achaemenid came up with the principal Persian Empire in Iran. Bordering the Empire was a huge source of water for the Achaemenid dynasty. The area that hosted the source of water became the renowned Persian Gulf that Arabs equally consider the Arabian Gulf. The naming and establishment of the Arabian Gulf interests various geologists, archaeologists, historians, and anthropologists across the world. Science has a difficult time determining when the Iranian Plateau and the Arabian Peninsula formed the Arabian Gulf. The Arabian Gulf had different names before the people from the Iranian Peninsula settled for the name. According to Herodotus, an ancient Greek philosopher, the Arabian Gulf was the Red Sea even though other leaders had different opinions including the Persian Gulf and the Sea above Akkad (Beaumont, 2006). Situated alongside the Iranian plateau, the Arabian Gulf provided both an excellent tourism view even though the people from the Achaemenid used it as a source of water for domestic and industrial purposes. The water body never existed in either Persia or the Arabian Peninsula even though residents of both lands wanted to identify with the source of water. Currently known as Iran, Persia has an undisputable history with the Red Sea wanting it to be the Persian Gulf. Arabic and Iranian citizens fought for the land that hosted for the water body since the early 19 th century precisely the 1960’s. This paper intends to explain the position of the Arabian Gulf including its geographic and political histories (Krane, 2006). Geography and History of the Gulf Around 300 BC and 550 BC, Romans and Persians dominated the Persian Gulf. This happened before Arabs took over the water body from the Iranians (Persians) making it to acquire a new title. However, the name Persian Gulf still holds relevance in the 21 st century thousands of years after its acquisition by the Islamic community. Geographically, the Arabian Gulf existed between the Persian plateau and the Arabian Peninsula (Motter, 1952). None of the communities in the Arabic or Iranian sections had the ability to prove that the Arabic Gulf geographically existed on their side of the divide. For the past over 2000 years, most people referred to the Red sea as the Persian Gulf because it physically separated the Iranian land from the Arabic land even though inclined more towards the Iranian plateau. Many geographers described the Arabian Gulf as the Red Sea without the knowledge of the residents under dispute. According to Western geographers and archaeologists who carried out research in the region, the Arabian Gulf was the Sinus Persicus . The Achae
Introduction The motivation of employees is one of the most critical aspects for the successful functioning of a business. Any product or service requires workers who will manufacture, improve, and advertise it. However, people respond differently to rewards and restrictions, mainly if they belong to different cultures. Consequently, the company needs to develop an appropriate motivation system that will push employees to higher productivity and loyalty. The primary motivation factors that the company can provide are a leader’s praise, an extended benefits package, a flexible schedule, monthly bonuses, and an annual competition. Nevertheless, management needs to implement them gradually by focusing on a cost-benefit analysis and risks to minimize risks and verify the effectiveness of these motivators. Thus, the introduction of a motivation program should include the following consecutive steps that provide smooth and controlled changes. Main body Firstly, a survey among employees should be conducted to determine the priority of motivational factors and, if necessary, eliminate inappropriate ones. This step will save the company time and money. Further, it is worth starting the motivation with the least costly and easily implemented solutions, precisely praise from the leader and monthly bonuses. In the first case, the leaders should understand the peculiarities of this kind of reward, which provides equal treatment
Planet Earth and its environment are affected and destroyed by the people living in it. One of the most important concepts that are raising concerns is ecological footprint. Ecological footprint gauges the resources that are extracted from the earth and from waste that is produced by the same resources. Ecological footprint identifies the quantity of land and utilities that are required to support our life (Schaller, 2001). UAE is one of the most consuming countries in the world alongside US which has also been ranked among the most consuming countries. This is obviously not a good thing for people and the animals and plants. This excess consumption of natural resources is due to increase in human population which forces manufacturers to increase their products. In addition to that, industrialization and urbanization has led to global warming, which depletes the environment. As more manufacturers come on board the resources are overused unlike when there were only a few companies. To begin with, global warming is the abnormal rise of average temperature on the surface of the earth. This has been caused by human advancement towards industrialization and modernization. The outcome of global warming has been exhibited by the melting of ice and snows in areas such as the Antarctic which has changed the average sea level of the whole world because the ice and snow has been converted into water. If this situation persists the animals that live in those areas will be eliminated because their dwelling place will be destroyed. Green house gases have contributed to the process of global warming. Green house gases are gaseous compounds that occupy the atmosphere and when their concentration is not stable they cause temperatures on the lower level of the atmosphere to hike. The components of these gases include carbon dioxide and methane (Peel Data Centre, 2004). Global warming can be avoided by reducing emissions from cars or other electronics; governments should encourage people to share vehicles and use hybrid vehicles, hence reducing the effects of global warming as a factor in ecological footprint. When humans exploit the earth’s resources they release the waste of the same resources into the environment which in return affects their lives and those of other living creatures. Most organizations and private entities are not concerned about the harm they cause to the environment. The wastes from factories pollute air and water, thus endangering living things. We can say that their ignorance is due to lack of knowledge because they think the natural resources will continue to exist as they are today. This is one of the reasons why ecological footprint will continue to swell in some countries where the people are not aware of these latest findings (Global Footprint Network, 2010). In addition, the increase in automobile production enables people to extend their operations to rural areas. Most people are now using their personal cars to travel to work, and this in return speeds urban sprawl. As more people use cars, there is rise of congestion in urban places since going to work is more difficult when using bicycle or walking. T
Background in conventional Learning Themes   * Observations and direct instructions are crucial in learning.   * Experiences in life shape our characters.   * Human character is shaped by personal experiences.   * Outcomes or consequences facilitate the process of learning.   * For example, punishment brings about correction in behavior (Boyce 33).   * Studying animals creates the best comparison to human life.   * Motor reproduction is not compulsory for learning to take place. Albert Bandura is behind the Social Learning Theory. It entails aspects of conventional learning theory. In addition, the theory incorporates B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning theory. The theory heavily inclines towards the conventional learning themes especially among children. The process of earning or acquiring knowledge requires individual cognition according to Albert Bandura. In addition, either direct instruction or observation may be used to pass knowledge from one individual to another. This implies that direct reinforcement or motor reproduction are not mandatory in the learning process so long as instructions and or observations are employed. Behaviorism Operant Conditioning by B.F Skinner   * It is also known as instrumental learning.   * This is the most critical way of approaching learning theories.   * Individual behaviors are conditioned through punishments and rewards.   * Scientific emphasis is given more attention in this scope (Miller 29).   * Replicable observation is the meaningful factor considered under this approach.   * Particular behaviors are linked to certain outcomes.   * Behavior may alter itself in different forms, strengths and frequency.   * B.F. Skinner popularized “respondent behavior” and “operant behavior”. Behaviorism points out that direct enforcement may assist in enhancing the process of learning. According to B.F. Skinner, the mind can be conditioned or compelled to learn new concepts. For example, new behaviors and concepts can be learned when rewards and punishments are put in place. A reinforcing stimulus usually follows an Operant behavior. Behaviorists perception of the Brain It is apparent that the human brain works like that of a rat in several respects. Both a rat and human being learn by paying attention as demonstrated in the illustrations above. This relationship has been expounded by the Social Cognitive Theory. Social learning takes place in the brain according to recent discoveries in neuroscience. The neurophysiological basis of this theory are best explained using mirror neutrons especially in human beings. However, primates also portray the same features because they belong to the same group as humans. Behaviorists perception of the Brain Retention and Social Learning Theory   * New behaviors must be learned.   * It is necessary to retain the new behavior (Boyce 31).   * Learning cannot take place without retention.   * Learning comes after attention and retention of behavior.   * A model is observed during the attention phase. Retention is part and parcel of the modeling process according to the social learning theory. Once a model has been observed, it is necessary to store and memorize the inf
People’s feelings and emotions are applicable to all and it has been evident that feelings of attraction are true for everyone. There are very many people in the world and what they like and do not like differs in a major way. “What Kind of King” by Barrie Jean Borich, writes about the relationship of two women and their feelings towards each other. The purpose of the piece is to show how it does not matter who someone is, what their preferences are and what their personal style or character centers on, love is the same for all people. It is made to unite everyone by the same general principle—that it does not matter how others view a person, most important is to stay true to who you are and what you love. The message of the story is to show that people should not judge others according to their sexual orientation, looks and attractions. Every person is the same in their emotions, thoughts, pride and sadness. It educates the public on how not to behave because in the end, they not only hurt others but also make a fool of themselves for being so judgmental and childish. The target audience is people who are unaware of the world where love transcends all borders. There are those who think that true love can exist only between a man and a woman and the fact that it does exist between people of same sex, who feel drawn towards each other, proves them wrong. It happens not because they think they will stand out thanks to their difference, it just feels right and they cannot do anything about it. It is directed at people who point fingers, laugh and say hurtful things just because they do not understand something or have insecurities and complications of their own. It is a way for them to reassure themselves that they are better, when in fact they are not and so, this piece shows them how ignorant and immoral they are. The language of the story is very heartfelt and natural. It describes the most private feelings and uses language that is shared between two people who are a couple, dating and are much in love. It mirrors the emotions that people have towards one another and makes the reader connect with them in a personal way. Introduction of the piece starts out from afar, giving general descriptions and the reader is not quite sure what the main idea of the work is. At the same time, it creates an interest to find out what the goal is and how it will develop. The conclusion, on the other hand, connects all the points and shows the big picture that is representative of the human feelings and the society. The story is effective and influential because it opens up a deeper understanding of a world that is not seen by most. People live their lives without wondering and knowing how others live, especially if they are of other sexual orientation. Since it is known that people are very judgmental and quickly jump to senseless conclusions, women and men often have to hide their true emotions towards their same sex partners. This story illustrates that every couple’s world is filled with doubts, frustrations, insecurities and passion, no matter how they look on the outside.