ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction With the world’s globalization, immigration rules are being softened resulting into increased immigration, especially in developed countries. However, this increasing immigration has experienced sharp criticism from different organizations and individuals. In Australia, for instance, many people believe that immigrants pose great threats to the local Australian society. Debate rages on the contribution of multiculturalism to a country. This paper intends to point out that the competitiveness and development of any country can greatly be boosted if the society is multicultural. This thesis is evidenced by the fact that multiculturalism creates employment, leads to a harmonious coexistence and finally, it leads to an increase in GDP and skill level. As a result, countries should encourage immigration so that they acquire a multicultural outfit for their own good. Job opportunities Multiculturalism acts as tool by which a country can promote its job opportunities. Studies point out that through a multicultural society; the residents of the country are subjected to job opportunities that were initially non-existent. This statement is very unreasonable in the eyes of a multicultural critique. Most of these critics have argued that multiculturalism which is characterized by immigration results to unemployment. As a basis of their argument, they point out that the increase in number of immigrants’ leads to an increase in competition for jobs. This perception is especially identified from people from low salary jobs, which need fewer skills. The natives of the country feel that immigrants struggle for survival forces them to compete for the available opportunities that would have been enough for the natives. As a result, some of these natives have to remain jobless as their would have been job positions are taken up by the immigrants. Based on such perception, they remain convinced that immigrants are a form of competition for job openings. However, scholars find this argument unsubstantial. According to Day (n.d), well-targeted migration policies are great contributors to economic prosperity of a country. Day further argues that economic studies have shown that immigration creates jobs for the natives. For example, Australian job market experiences a boost when immigrants increase in the country. One of the ways through which jobs can be created is through demand created by the immigrants to learn new languages and the physical demands that give Australians business opportunities. They argue that immigrants cannot survive in the foreign country without equipping themselves with relevant tools that would enable them to
Introduction Accrediting institutions play a significant role in the field of public health. Their purpose is to ensure that medical organizations follow existing standards and provide the highest possible quality of care. Accreditation serves as a tool for the identification of services’ strengths and weaknesses and supports positive changes. This paper discusses the role of accrediting bodies, their goals and purposes, and issues related to the evaluation of public health departments. Discussion Accreditation programs are significant for health institutions as they allow for the establishment of quality standards and eliminate the outcomes of poor public health management. Accrediting bodies can help hospitals to evaluate their capability of delivering high-quality services, promote transparency in their operations, enhance management processes, as we as become competitive (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018). Such organizations ensure that medical institutions are accountable to their stakeholders, patients, and policymakers. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018) show that almost 100% of health-related companies report performance improvement as a result of accreditation. Accrediting institutions affect the quality of public health education as well because they assess the quality of programs, promote necessary changes, as well as allow institutions to seek funding. Also, accreditation enables graduates to become certified and eligible for selected jobs, fellowships, and training (Association of Accredited Public Health Programs, 2015). Evaluation of the educational institution’s quality assists them in adhering to existing standards and encourages them to develop effective preparation programs. As a result, students have enhanced knowledge and clinical skills, which leads to an increased quality of patient outcomes and eliminates potential medical errors. It is vital to mention that having a singular accrediting institution in the field may be associated with adverse outcomes and the decreased quality of evaluation. Such organizations are responsible for maintaining a competent workforce, conducting assessments based on health issues affecting the community, and enforcing public health regulations (Bender, Kronstadt, Wilcox, & Tilson, 2014). However, a singular accrediting body may promote the same changes and policies for all health institutions, which will not allow for competition and may result in a decrease in the quality of services. Although the evaluation should be based on existing standards, it is vital to support diversity in training programs, as well as create different opportunities for medical students, patients, and clinicians. Another possible weakness of having one accrediting body is that it may be insensitive to the spe
The women’s rights movements have existed for a long time. The main aim of establishing these movements is to safeguard the rights of women against gender discrimination. Equality or fairness has always been the cause of concern for all women’s rights movements. Women’s statuses have been debated in terms of political, social, and economic well being. Most feminist tendencies have always sought a fair representation of women in society regardless of their gender. When discussing the aspect of women’s movements, it is imperative to mention that there has been a long equality struggle for almost two centuries. The following section briefly discusses some of the feminist movements and how they influenced the rights of women. To begin with, it can be recalled that Mary Wollstonecraft wrote one of the first feminist publications way back in 1792. The book entitled A Vindication of the Rights of Woman marked the early beginning in the fight for the rights of women in Europe. However, the inception of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) ushered the militant political action for feminist movements. The union was formed in 1903. Emmeline Pankhurst was the leader of the union. Immediately after the formation of this movement, a mass demonstration was held. It comprised of women drawn from all categories irrespective of their age or class. The main aim of this movement was to champion for women’s suffrage. Most of the protestors were thrown downstairs from parliament buildings, denied access to their meeting places or even jailed for participating in the demonstrations. However, a delicate truce was arrived at when the First World War began in 1914. By the end of this war, women from the age of 30 years were granted voting right in Britain. However, the legal voting age was brought down to 21 by the beginning of 1928. The Women’s Rights Convention held in 1848 in the United States marked a serious beginning in the fight for the rights of women. The convention took place at Seneca Falls, N.Y. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the leader of this convention. It is vital to note that women’s rights took a definitive position immediately after the convention came to an end. The movement was also triggered by the anti-slavery issues. Hence, the women’s rights and the aspect of anti-slavery were the main agenda of the Seneca Falls Declaration. Lucy Stone took over the leadership of the National Women’s Rights Convention in 1850. She was one of the earliest women activists in the United States. Susan B. Anthony later presented an amendment to the laws so that women could be granted additional voting rights. As a result, women’s suffrage was first enjoyed in the state of Wyoming in 1890. It is interesting to mention that the feminist movements also triggered the desire for the American abolition of the slave trade. Since the latter was a humanity issue, the civil rights movements also came into force during the same time when the fight for women’s rights was on course. For instance, the National Council of Negro Women and the League of Women Voters were key movem
Executive Summary The Summer Olympics is among the world’s favorite sporting event. The popularity of this event means that the sport has a global audience. Apart from the sporting aspect of the Games, the Olympics are also seen as an avenue by sponsors to market their products. With the next Olympics scheduled for the summer of 2012 in London, preparations are underway. The body tasked with this responsibility is the London Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games. This report examines the marketing practices that the organisation is using to raise its profile, as well as the technological challenges and opportunities at its disposal. Introduction Every four years, in recent decades, thousands of athletes all over the globe, with a similar number of coaches and officials, and accredited media representatives and hundreds of thousands of spectators have gathered for more than two weeks to participate in, report on and watch a sporting event which is in turn viewed on television, listened to on the radio, read about in the print media and followed on the Internet by billion of people around the world. Each Olympic Games has cost enormous sums of money to stage, funded by the taxpayers, sponsors, and television companies and their advertisers. Sporting records have invariably been broken, and national and international heroes created. It is the world’s biggest peace-time event: the Summer Olympic Games (Girginov & Parry, 2005). This report critically examines the marketing practices of the organizations tasked with staging the event, the London Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (LOCOG). The report will, in particular, evaluate the effectiveness of the marketing practices adopted by the organization, and the use of new technology for future competitive advantage. Brief history of the modern Olympic Games The history of the Olympic Games begins at least 3000 years ago in ancient Greece. In their ancient form, while they celebrated physical excellence, the Games served a primarily religious purpose. In their modern form, while still ostensibly about physical excellence, they also play a cultural and economic, and often political, role. The history and global significance of the Olympic Games, in sporting, cultural, economic and political terms, therefore, justifies their serious consideration as an object of academic enquiry (Veal, 2007). There is a widespread sense of public ownership of the Olympic Games, which does to extend to other sporting events such the World Cup. The relationship between the media and the Olympic Games For some 25 years, newspapers enjoyed a monopoly for coverage of the Olympic Games. Interestingly, the arrival of new media forms has always been perceived as a threat and usually had to face strong opposition. In 1920, the first radio station, KDKA, went on air in Pittsburg, USA. KDKA is also accre
Introduction People rarely think of economy and education as of the concepts that go hand in hand. On the contrary, for the most part, people are prone to drawing a clear line between these concepts. However, as the recent events in Central Asia, namely, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and other Central Asian states, show, the changes within the state economy trigger the necessity to adjust the educational system to the new requirements (Brown 2005, p. 61). Because of the lack of competent workforce, the Central Asian countries are forced to reconsider their system of education, which presupposes aligning the current one with the ones accepted in Europe and the U.S., so that Asia could train its students in order to acquire competent staff for its private and public companies and, thus, raise the state’s economic performance. Thesis statement Despite the fact that the introduction of new education principles and restructuring of the current Central Asian educational system will require much time, money and effort, which may possibly trigger even greater economical and financial concerns within the state, taking its current position within the realm of the world market a few notches down, in order to create the basis for the economic growth of such states as Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, and many others, it is necessary to provide the states with highly qualified workforce that will allow for better industrial, economical and financial performance of the private and public companies in Central Asia, which can only be possible if the current educational system is shaped so that the students are able to acquire up-to-date knowledge, train their professional skills and be able to cooperate with the West educational establishments, as well as get access to the latest academic researches, which will be much easier once Central Asia start cooperating with the West and accepts the Western educational model. Premises for the Change: A Little of Back Story While there is definitely nothing wrong with asking other states for support in education, it still must be admitted that Central Asia has been known for its independence and the lack of initiative regarding international cooperation, which begs the question why the governments of the Asian states seem to have agreed on resorting to accepting the Western concept of education, as well as restructuring their entire principle of education. True, the fact that the Asian specialists are getting out of touch with the progressive West and its academic and scientific innovations; however, in a standard situation, enhancing the cooperation between the Asian companies and the ones belonging to the Western states, as well as locating Asian companies in the West, might do the trick. Therefore, it seems that the situation is far more drastic than it might seem to an outsider. According to the recent statistics on Central Asian education, the following results call for immediate actions to be taken: Basic Methods and their Efficiency: What the Western Educational Strategies Ca
Diana Ross – a personification of beauty. In 2007 the Kennedy Center awarded the gorgeous Diva of pop music, Diana Ross, for her “lifetime achievement in the performing arts” (Lee “Kennedy Center Names Five Artists to Lifetime Awards”). This is only one of numerous rewards which prove the recognition of Ms. Ross as a magnificent singer, talented actress and glorious woman who became an icon for millions. Apart from the beauty of her sweet vibrating voice which made her romantic blues even more touching and sincere, Diana Ross was a personification of female beauty and style. This image inspired many women who realized that they want to be as attractive as that little women dressed in gorgeous gowns. Thus, Diana Ross has always been one of those bright sparkles in the world of music and, in fact, in the entire world of performing art. Diva’s beautiful and unique voice It goes without saying that Diana Ross was a very special teenager who felt the strength inside her heart and knew the value of her talent. Her beautiful “girlish” voice won the recognition of one of the most famous labels Motown (Louie 120). Initially, Ms Ross was a member of girls’ band the Supreme which in a few years became one of the most successful pop bands in the United States, and even worldwide. However, from the very start her unique bright voice and quite a huge ambitiousness brought her to the front in the group. She became a kind of solo singer within the group. Someone called her too assertive and were rumoring about her relationship with Berry Gordy which enabled Diana Ross to play a leading role in the group. However, her success is determined by her constant challenging herself since she never stopped and tried something new to become better. When she was one of the Supreme singers she was constantly competing with Mary Wilson. 1 In several years the beauty of her voice transformed the Supreme into “Diana Ross and the Supreme”. After becoming the supreme within the Supreme Diana Ross understood that she can do more and she did. Her career as a solo singer was as successful (or, maybe, even more successful) as her previous career. Everyone knew her beautiful voice and wanted to listen to their idol. Of course, even in her seventies this greatest female singer ever continues pleasing her fans with her candy-sweet and at the same time strong vocal. 2 Diana Ross is the icon of glamorous beauty However, not only specific voice made Diana Ross an icon of the culture of the sixties. In the very beginning of the Supreme, the girls were taught by Maxine Powell, former model. Gordy wanted to make the girls “black ladies” to attract more audience, especially among white people (Bloch and Um
The lives of slaves were full of hardships. Often they would better die than live in such a misery. Once sold, they became a total property of their owner with no right to being paid for their work, studying to read and write, social protection, self-defense against being punished by the master, and decent treatment and living as such. The slaves’ working day began long before the dawn. They had to feed domestic animals, cook breakfast for their masters and prepare everything they might need when they wake up. No matter what the weather was the slaves spent whole days working on the plantations. Often during the day they were punished by the owners if they were thought to do something wrong or do their job slowly. Both men and women worked in the fields but while the men were plowing and carrying crops, women were cutting and gathering them. The rest of the job was also divided with men focusing on more difficult tasks and women arranging house matters. The working day of the slaves was not over with the dusk. In the evenings, female slaves were sewing quilts, cooking, making preserved food for winter, feeding domestic animals and poultry, cleaning out stables, making baskets, etc. The men were shoeing the horses, repairing fences, putting up additional buildings and doing another hard work. During the nights, women slaves often sew clothes for their families because the slaves were not provided with the needed clothing. With no personal freedoms, the slaves were often forced to sexual relationships with their owners both male and female. They were often physically punished, namely beaten and whipped publicly, and had no right to self-defense or raising a hand on the white people. They did not have enough sleep and food, clothing, rest and personal time to spend with their families or study. While slaves were working hard from dawn till dusk, slave owners lead a steady life. Unlike slaves, they were free to wake up whenever they wanted, read some books, have hearty meals and do whatever they wanted all day long. Being plantation owners, they had some work to do, but most of the time it was limited to visiting local high-rankers, dealing with business matters and defining the schedule of the slaves’ working days and tasks for them to do. They spent most of their time taking long walks along their plantations, controlling slaves and punishing them for the slightest fault. In the evenings, they usually had rich dinners with meat, fish, and vegetables, read some books, spent time with their families and friends, and went to bed after praying. The ways of spending time varied depending on the gender of the slave owner. Men dealt with business matters and often went to plantations to control the slaves, while women stayed close to the house and most of the time spent enjoying themselves and their families, hanging around their children, reading, studying, sewing, etc., and controlling slaves and punishing as well. So, the lives of the slaves and their masters were completely different. While the first were struggling to survive in unbearable living conditions and permanent need, totally disrespected and treated bad
Introduction Competition among public and private institutions is intensifying, and universities are no exception. With minimal support from governments, institutions of higher learning must market themselves as employers of choice. They ought to work on their image to increase enrollment rates and stakeholder satisfaction. Marketing an institution as an employer of choice not only has a significant effect on the nature of talent in the institution, but it also harms how other parties judge the institution. Linking recruitment strategies to organizational culture Universities have realized that the working population has changed. Younger employees have different expectations from their employers. The older generation was quite loyal and would dedicate their professional careers to one institution. However, newer faculty have more options now, so they are less loyal than older workers. Employers have learned that proactive recruitment strategies are essential to survival. This means linking their recruitment efforts to organizational culture. Universities must now make a case for their corporate values through their recruitment efforts. This means having a focused message that conveys the university’s culture and identity compellingly. Companies now have a long term vision of the systems, values, and policies that define employee and employer expectations in the institution 1 . The starting point in linking organizational culture with recruitment is making an inventory of the nature of candidates that the university wants to have. In this regard, institutional stakeholders need to decide on the values they expect applicants to possess. They should also determine what these potential employees want from a tertiary educational institution. Furthermore, a university should know the job search tools that these target workers use to find work. After determining the qualities of the applicants they want, universities then think about the process of application that candidates go through when getting to them. After that, they will examine the factors that make them an employer of choice. A self-analysis of the key strengths in the institution is imperative at this point. Usually, organizations get this information from workshops or interviews with employers and employees. Unless one can differentiate between perceived organizational value and real value, then branding and recruiting will be ineffective. The idea is to determine what the organizational culture in the university is like. After that, a firm must synergize its corporate brand with recruitment efforts. Recruitment styles ought to match the culture of the university as soon as employees enter the institution. In the internal environment, an organization can work