ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Power is defined as the capacity to exercise control over people that is expressed through ways such as giving orders or assigning tasks. Several types of power are exercised in the workplace to influence employees and motivate them to achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. Several sources of power may be used in efforts to encourage advertising and production groups to promote and manufacture toothpaste more effectively. These sources of power are within the jurisdiction of the power of a brand manager offered by the company. These sources include legitimate power, relationship power, expert power, and reward and punishment power. Legitimate power refers to the status assigned to managers that give them the power to assign tasks to employees and ensure that they comply. As a brand manager, assigning the task of advertisement of toothpaste to the advertising group may help to sell toothpaste more effectively. This source of power may be effective because, as a brand manager, workers are supposed to take my orders and act on them. Moreover, the company regulations require workers to obey and act on orders from brand managers. I would issue orders to the production group on how to produce the toothpaste and ensure that they execute them in ways that ensure quality production. Employees respect their managers because they have the authority that is bestowed on them by the company. Reward and punishment power is another source of power. This power refers to recognition and compensation of excellent behavior and achievement in employees. This may involve rewarding employees who execute assigned tasks as expected. In addition, it may involve punishing either those who fail to complete the task assigned as required or those who ignore the task assigned and instead concentrate on other tasks. I would involve using my position as the brand manager to issue stern warnings and threats to employees who fail to comply with my orders. I would do this from the position of a leader who has been given power by the company to facilitate the achievement of its goals and objectives. Rewards may include additional pay or additional personal days, and punishments may include reduced personal days. I may also use relationship power to motivate employees to help me make and sell toothpaste more effectively. Relationship power is the type of power that originates from the type of relationship a leader has with employees. This may be one of the most effective sources of power that I would use. I would ensure that I form good relationships with employees in the two groups and use that to convince them to help me. Certain employees have a great influence on their co
The figure of Kofi Annan remains the synonym of the notion of world peace for many people all round the globe because of the significant contribution of this person to the improvement of the situation in the world and strengthening the principles of the global peace. The name of Kofi Annan is associated with his activities as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations and with his contribution to founding the Global AIDS and Health Fund. Thus, Kofi Annan as the prominent diplomat and social activist, who was born in Ghana, made a lot for stating the principles of tolerance and peace in the world relations, for accentuating the human rights, and for developing the idea that the United Nations is intended to protect the people’s interests globally. Kofi Annan was born in Kumasi, Ghana, in 1938. Annan received the excellent education in universities and institutes of Ghana and Geneva, and he was always interested in the social activities and in the work of diplomats. Having degrees in economics and international relations, Annan received the opportunity to use his considerable knowledge in practice, and he started working for the World Health Organization in Geneva. It was the first step on the way to the leading position in the United Nations. Working for the United Nations for a long period of time, Annan developed his vision of the effective strategy to transform the modern world into the successful and peaceful social and economic organism with the help of the United Nations’ influence. Kofi Annan was appointed to be Secretary-General of the United Nations in 1997, and he took the position from 1997 to 2007. Annan started his activity with proposing the definite reforms for the organization to renew its status and support the vision of the United Nations as the powerful and influential organization. Thus, the plan of alternations and reforms included the orientation to preserving the peace globally, to developing the security principles, to accentuating the ideas of the humans’ equality with references to their rights, and to strengthening the role of the United Nations in the sphere of the world economy. The efforts of Secretary-General and the activities of the organization in regulating the international relations, preserving peace, and protecting the human rights were estimated, and Kofi Annan and the United Nations were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2001. It is important to pay attention to the role of Kofi Annan in regulating the problematic international situations and such issues as the conflict between the USA and Iraq in 2003. Moreover, today Kofi Annan is known as the activist of the anti-HIV/AIDS movement with reference to the work of the Global AIDS and Health Fund. Furthermore, Kofi Annan did not stop participating in the regulation of the international conflicts after ceasing his activity as Secretary-General of the United Nations. During the year of 2012, Annan was involved in resolving the conflict in Syria and contin
Introduction Basically, supply chain management (SCM) incorporates a meshwork of suppliers, manufacturers, assembly plants, and distribution channels. The chain also involves logistical infrastructure that conducts the procurement of materials and conversion of such materials into transitional and finished products (Bozarth & Handfield, 2005). This report analyzes supply chain strategy used by the Procter & Gamble Company (P&G) against a comprehensive literature review of best practices recommended in the supply chain contexts. P&G is an American company (headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio) and sells its products globally through a credible, reliable, and well-orchestrated supply chain mechanism. The fundamental role of P&G’s supply chain entails the distribution of these materials to the respective customers. In the manufacturing c
Evaluation of current consumer needs suggests that today, people are in need of effective solutions for their health promotion and disease prevention. Since healthcare costs are growing all over the world to achieve the rates making it inaccessible for billions of people, there exists a growing demand for the devices that would help to make wise health decisions. To satisfy this demand, I offer a new device that would allow a common consumer an easy solution for analysis of food and water quality. This paper will describe the proposed gadget in detail to identify its intended production characteristics, cost of manufacturing, intended consumer segment, and overview of its indicative features. The intended gadget will allow measuring the safety and quality of water and food products. The tool will provide solutions for assessing both solid and liquid substances for the presence of the agents harmful to the human body. The offered working title for the gadget is “portable lab tester”. The gadget resembles a standard mobile phone and has the squared shape, white color, and dimensions of 5*12 centimeters. The gadget will have the screen demonstrating the found information and options menu. It will also have the round area with dimensions of 1*1 centimeters for placing the water sample for the check to this area and the stylet for testing the solid substances through placing it inside the product. The device will be produced of plastic, different types of metals, and will include some rare chemical substances such as antimony. The manufacturing of the offered device will cost $27 per item. Since the intended purpose of the device is to help people make better choices in life to support good health, I am confident it would be of interest to the wide public and will be able to attract buyers from broad customer segments. This conclusion can be made based on the growing demand for health promotion and disease prevention solutions (Aung, & Chang, 2014; Jedermann, Pötsch, & Lloyd, 2014). The global healthcare is getting more expensive (Barker, 2015). People need to strive to prevent the development of health issues to minimize their spending in this area and have a good quality of life (Ramos, Miller, Brandão, Teixeira, & Silva, 2013). Market research has identified that there is a gap in the production of solutions for testing the quality of food products and water (Alonso et al., 2013). People need a single and easy-portable device that can be taken wherever they will need to go (Banerjee, Kelly, Kerry, & Papkovsky, 2016). This market trend can be explained by the fact that in today’s globalized world, traveling has become a normal part of daily life. Therefore, there is a challenge for every person to identify harmful products in an unfamiliar environment. Finally, evaluating other perspectives on this device usage, I need to note that there is no other potential use for the given device since it is elaborated with the single purpose of substance analysis on the prese
Being a student means learning to work in a team. No matter how good one’s personal academic score is, the skills of communicating the goals and the means of attaining them, as well as solving the emerging conflicts in a team efficiently, are the key qualities that are sought by most educators and employers. In order to train my skills as a team member, I got a part-time summer job as a reading instructor for kindergarteners and had to not only design a specific teaching strategy, but also cooperate with the rest of the instructors, so that the young learners could acquire the necessarily skills in a proper manner. Unless the management process had been split into the four key stages, i.e., planning, organizing, leading and controlling, I would not have been able to either come up with an efficient teaching strategy, or a method to coordinate the teaching process with the rest of the instructors and, thus, facilitate the perfect learning environment for the students. As soon as the students’ background regarding reading was identified (e.g., some of the learners already knew alphabet, while the others did not), I had to come up with the methods for helping the children to develop the basic reading abilities. While the task itself was not quite complicated, with a range of teaching framework existing, I had to keep in mind the fact that, apart from me, other instructors also took part in teaching the specified group reading. Therefore, the five of us had to cooperate, creating a framework for all of us to comply with. As the oldest among the instructors, I was trusted w
The essay is an analytical report and the applicability of the 21 laws irrefutable laws of leadership that were developed by John Maxwell in the book “ The 21 Irrefutable Laws of Leadership which was published by Thomas Nelson Publisher in 1998. These laws are considered inevitable and cannot be disapproved as a vital tool for successful leadership. Law is a term used to refer to set or system of rules made operational through a number of institutional structures. Laws are deemed to be responsible in ensuring that social, economic and political aspects of human beings is uphold as well as being a link of relations among human beings. Maxwell has in his thinking the belief that the principles of leadership are not dynamic in the entire globe. Leadership refer to a process whereby an individual has the ability to influence thoughts, ideas and actions of others in achieving a set of preset goals, tasks, duties and responsibilities. In any given organization setup, leadership has been considered to be very vital in contributing to achievement successful results (Day & Lord, 1988; Kaiser, Hogan, & Craig, 2008) The irrefutable 21 laws of leadership include; the law of the lid, its acknowledged that every individual have their own outdoing or limiting factor to make great ideas real, th
The short story Half a Day by Naguib Mahfouz tells the experience of a young boy on his first day in school. The boy is afraid of going to school, as he has to spend the day away from home. At the end of the day in school, the boy goes through change and matures from a child to an adult. The author of the story shows how change occurs in the course of a human being’s life. The author had gone through changes and many sufferings in the course of his life such as an attempted assassination that left him with an injured hand. His works depict that human sufferings are inevitable. Although the narrator is excited about the new clothes he has to wear to school, he resists going to school because he thinks that school is punishment. He asks his father, “Why school” (Mahfouz 1). His father tells him that school is not a punishment as it transforms boys into useful men (Mahfouz 1). Eventually, the father has to push the narrator inside the school gate because he hesitates. The pushing symbolizes that people are afraid of change and at times have to be pushed towards it as on their own they might choose to remain within familiar ground hence make no progress in their lives. The period of the story is unrealistic because the narrator enters school as a young boy and leaves as an old man but the brief period captures the changes that occur in a person’s life. Moreover, the change is inevitable and one has to go through the challenges just as the narrator had to endure the accidents and dust filed winds in class. The author passes the message that life is not a bed of roses and one must encounter thorns along the way. One should have the courage to face life’s challenges as failing to do so will lead to failure. While in school, the narrator realizes that those ready to take advantage of the opportunities that life presents will have happiness and success despite the worries of life. By the end of the school day, the narrator has learned a lot about life. When his father fails to turn up at the gate to take him home he has to walk and find his way home. On his way, he notices that many things have changed his life has truly begun as he experienced new things that would influence him for the rest of his life and he would not be the same. Deciding walking home alone shows that the boy has transitioned from a young boy who clutching his father’s hand in the morning to a man ready to walk into the world and find his way home. I like the story Half a Day . The story is easy to relate to because the author talks about ordinary things that happen in a person’s life. The story reminds me of my first day in
Various psychological disorders and behaviors such splitting, stalking, Multiple personality disorder and serial sexual killing have been identified. People with psychological disorders and behaviors exhibit various characteristics that show they have a problem. The focus of this paper will be on splitting, multiple personality disorders, free will and finally whether human beings are wired for trouble. Splitting refers to a mechanism in which a person is imbued with good and bad characteristics. The good and the bad exist simultaneously in a person albeit separately stored from each other. The two sides coexist simultaneously as they fail to integrate into one hence split (Savvopoulos, Manolopoulos, & Beratis, 2011). The splitting occurs in individuals because of borderline. Borderline is the notion of a thin line that every individual possesses, and it stands between two sides that is relative normality and abnormality and leads to failure of telling the difference between fantasy and reality. A person who fails to differentiate between reality and fantasy suffers from borderline personality stalker. Such individuals have two extreme sides due to intense personal relationships, and they can cross from one of devaluation to over idealization in a heartbeat. Individuals who mostly stalk celebrities have borderline stalker personalities (Simon, 2008). Persons with splitting not only fail to integr
Introduction The study of international trade, in all respects, has generated heated debates on whether it is the U.S that exercises its state power or cooperation thar dictates the free flow of goods among trading partners. In his analysis of the structure of international trade, Krasner begins with an assumption that such a structure is guided by state power and its interests to gain control over how goods move to and from its vast domestic market with a view to maximize its goals (Keohane 21). In assessing whether the U.S is exerting her hegemonic Ideals, gained from disproportionate costs, it is perhaps important to examine the role of three major aspects that are intimately related to the cooperation and free movement of factors of production global trade (Keohane 21). They include a state’s national income, stability in social structure, overall economic growth and a powerful or potentially powerful political structure. The degree, to which international trade and its allied partners freely move their goods, depends on the magnitude of economic power and control exercised by one or more states within the international trade structure (Kindleberger 72). This paper assesses the U.S as a hegemonic power aimed at gaining control over international systems. Discussion Since real or potential economic power of a state is derived from the state’s ability to marshal its already massive economic resources, it is evident that the U.S is a real or perceived hegemony, at least according to the assessment based on its substantial growth of the economy and military power (Keohane 21; Gilpin and Gilpin 99). Economists content that the degree of freeness and openness in international trade is likely to be realized when there is a hegemonic distribution of economic and political power. It can be said, albeit with little empirical proof, that the absence of state power is necessary if international cooperation is to thrive to fruition (Ravenhill 112). Whether large and powerful states cooperate and support openness, it is less likely that their economies and total factor endowments shall suffer regardless of the degree of openness and cooperation (Karl 70). The degree of social stability, domestic economic growth of a powerful state runs in opposite directions with the extend of openness that is perceived to be the backbone of international trade. It should be stated from the outset that greater openness, in the true sense of a state, succeeds in exposing the domestic economy and social stability of a state to negative factors in the global market (Karl 70). The domestic economy of the U.S is extremely large by all standards, and exposing it to the principle of cooperation as a core parameter for successful international trade would mean creating social
Introduction “The Mirror Has Two Faces” is a film that deals with an issue that is not usually talked about in the open. It is about how a married couple, both university professors, typically happy together despite their agreement not to consummate their marriage. This sexless marriage set up was initiated by the husband, Gregory, who was in search of a deep connection with someone without involving sex, as he believed physical attraction just gets in the way of the establishment of a deep emotional and intellectual connection. The Review In the movie, Rose went along with Gregory’s ideas but deep inside, she was expecting him to change his views and both of them will gain physical intimacy once they were married. However, Gregory, being sorely burnt from his past relationships with beautiful women who left him after only sharing the pleasures of sex and nothing else, has become strongly convinced on maintaining a chaste marriage. He believed that marriage would last longer if it was focused on respect, common interest, love, without the complications that sex may bring – madness, obsession, jealousy, etc. This infuriated Rose, especially when she got rebuffed for her efforts to seduce him, leaving painful wounds of rejection and a bruised self-esteem. This conflict is enough to enflame more issues for marriage coaching. The scene that I was so awed at was when Rose was in her class delivering a lecture on love and passion. She was spectacular in capturing the interest and attention of her students as she spoke of different kinds of love. Gregory walked into her class and got a chance to listen to her especially in the part where she described true love that had spiritual dimensions. “They took sex out of the equation and what was left was a union of souls” (Streisand, 1996). This was true love, while romantic love is “nothing but a lie, an illusion”. That was the part Gregory last heard and he walked out without hearing the core of Rose’s lecture, which was on the pursuit of passion. It was obvious that Rose subscribed to the belief that people need passion and want to fall in love because while it doesn’t last, “it feels fucking great!” (Streisand, 1996). Therapeutic Implications Venting out inner feelings can be therapeutic. Rose kept her feelings of frustration to herself that she did so to maintain the harmony in their relationship. She was happy enough with the great affection and fondness they shared for one another, but she wanted intimacy. Life coaches would be able to explain that there was an act of selfishness on the part of Gregory because he was not sensitive to the needs and feelings of Rose. This was finally revealed by Rose when she lashed out on Gregory to say she thought his theory of a sexless marriage was ridiculous. She let out the feelings of frustration that she kept bottled up inside and needed to be aired out. Sh