ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction Issues concerning divorce have over the years received a heavy share of research attention and time. Disruption of marriage institutions has been blamed for a number of alternative misfortunes in the modern day society. One such misfortune is depression which basically is a state of mental illness that arises form either social economic or relational hardships in an individual’s life. The levels of depression among men and women differ in magnitude and numbers. This research interrogated this claim giving specific reference to divorce as the central cause of depression. Statement of the problem The past decade has seen allot of emphatically research on the effects of divorce on the various stakeholders. The studies vary from the effects that marital disruptions have on children to the effects that divorce has on adults. The studies have employed varying cross sectional designs that aim at providing a tentative construction of the role of divorce in the society and in as far as depression is concerned. Majority have concluded a connection between the marital status of an individual and their mental health (Sanderson 2002, p80–86). Others go further to investigate the connection between the marital status of an individual and their level of mental health. These have also arrived at a connection between the stability of the individual’s marital status and the level of mental health of such an individual. There has been little effort however to interrogate the gender related aspect of the effects of divorce. Most of the existing research focuses mainly on the general impact of divorce among young adults or the spouses in general. This research therefore addresses this research gap by exploring the hypothesis as to whether divorce has varying effects on men than in women in as far as depression is concerned (Allison 2001 p 130-145). Research question   * Does divorce have a greater impact on men than on women in terms of depression? Annotated Bibliography Amato P (2000) the Consequences of Divorce for Adults and Children Journal of Marriage and Family Volume 62, Issue 4, p 1269–1287 The article uses divorce as a stress adjustment perspective to analyze the impact of divorce on children and adults. The study focuses on the 1990s statistics on marriage and divorce to answer five thematic questions. It seeks to respond to the differences in character between the individuals from divorced families as opposed to those from married families. It also seeks to enquire into the length and extent of the difference in character and behavior and whether the difference is a short lived situation of a long term crisis to which the adults have to strain to live with from their tender ages to maturity. It also investigates the factors that motivate or de-motivate an individual s ability to come to terms with a divorce as well as the rates and manner in which individuals respond and the divorce. It acknowledges the general evidence to the fact that the dissolution of a marriage has the capacity to cause heavy turmoil and suffering to both parties as well as all interested par
Product Suitability Fructal supplies fruit and vegetable juices, nectars, syrups and dilutable juices. The Czech market prefers fruit juices that have higher vegetable and fruit contents. A report by Euromonitor revealed that there was a decline in consumption of soft drinks in 2010 following health awareness by consumers (Euromonitor, 2011, pp.6). Additionally, the Czech government is promoting health and wellness programs, which support consumption of functional water and fresh fruit juices. This support also includes the motivation of companies that provide fresh fruit and vegetable juices. There is a high need for fresh frozen juices, non-concentrated hundred percent juices and reconstituted hundred percent juices (Zenith, 2008, pp.2). To monitor the quality of fruit and vegetable juices, government uses arms like the Public health Protecting agency and the Agricultural and Food Inspection Authority. Nectar fruit juices make up 25-99% of the Czech’s juice market while juice drinks make up 24% (Euromonitor, 2011, pp.16). Fructal’s main competitors are Coca-Cola, Rauch, Linea Nivnice, Pepsi, Maspex Czech and kofola which constitute 68% of the fruit and vegetable juices market by 2010 (Euromonitor, 2011, pp.23). In addition, the private label products make up 20% of this market share. These competitors have a strong market position with discounters and hypermarkets controlling the soft drink market. Country Screening After a market analysis of the European Union fresh juice market, the Czech Republic was chosen for its potential as an emerging market. An examination of this market reveals that consumers are sensitive in the purchase of fruit juices and nectars following the tough economic crisis of 2009 and 2010 (Euromonitor, 2011, pp.45). This crisis made consumers to reduce spending on essential products. The main threat to Fructal is the flavoured mineral water and soft drink products that have low prices as compared to the fresh juices. The austerity measures introduced by the Czech government have made households reduce their spending in favo
The Science Daily on May 20, 2009, featured an article on a recent study that stated that two or multiple language speakers were better placed to learn a new language than those that speak only one language. The survey conducted by the Northwestern University indicated that bilingual people had an advantage over monolingual people when it came to learning a new language. The study was conducted using sixty students from the university. A third of them were monolinguals, a third English Mandarins, and the other third English Spanish. (Science Daily) Bi or multilingual more adept at learning a new language According to one of the professors in charge of the study indicated, people often assume that those who speak more than one language are somehow gifted in that. This is however not true in all cases. The research conducted by Northwestern University showed that being a bilingual helped the learning of a completely different language. The three sets of students were asked to master words in another language that had no relationship whatsoever with either English, Spanish, or Mandarin. The study found that the bilingual speakers mastered almost the double number of words as the monolinguals. (Science Daily) The article notes that the study has important implications on those considering the most appropriate age to introduce a foreign language to children. Therefore the study is important to educators, parents, and children as well. Bilingual participants in the study and in general were found to have the following advantages or benefits:   * Their advantage extended beyond word learning. This includes learning words in one’s own language   * Through learning another language, the language acquisition strategies learned are transferred to other languages. This makes them better language learners in general.   * Bi or multilingual children become better language learners later on. (Science Daily) The area of interest of this article in relation to psychology is psycholinguistics which basically deals with the processes that enable an individual to generate a grammatical and meaningful sentence. The study could be said to deal more on Morphology, syntax, and semantics. According to the article, an earlier study had indicated that bilinguals are better than monolinguals in holding back irrelevant information when learning a new language. This may be due to the fact that bilinguals hold back extraneous information when they speak. Another interesting observation in the news article is the relationship between bilinguals and the Alzheimer’s disease. According to another research, the Alzheimer’s disease in bilinguals is held up by up to four years compared to monolinguals. Spea
Introduction Managers play significant role to success of an organization. The competence of managers play considerable role in every section of an organization and determine its competitive advantage. In a typical modern organization, sales managers oversee sales, personnel managers ensure a productive workforce, while operations managers ensure that all operations work. In fact, most of development in the society can be associated with solid supply of managers. The main objective of managers is to lead an organization to achieve its objectives. All organizations have goals and purposes for which they are created and managers take the responsibility of bringing together and using all available resources to realize the goals (Griffin 2007). Successful managers are therefore those that help an organization to achieve its goals more effectively and efficiently. There are many management theories that try to explain the best way that managers can accomplish their roles. Sadly, however, there is perception that management theories and practice are irreconcilable. Some managers find various management theories as not applicable and choose to carry out their managerial roles in their own way. In this paper, I will try to show the relevance of management theories to managers in contemporary organizations. Origin of management theories Management theories are reasonably recent. The origin of management theories can be traced to industrial revolution of 1800s. As factories developed, it became imperative to organize and coordinate the large workforce involved in producing goods. Because of dire need to ensure factories operated efficiently and effectively, some individuals began to formulate ways to do so. The industrial revolution led to pre-classical management theories that tried to propose the best management practices for specific situations. The pre-classical contributions were followed later by other more developed schools of management theories such as classical, behavioral and quantitative. Classical school of management theories developed from individuals seeking solutions to various problems facing factories in 19 th century. Classical management theorists tried to come up with the best way to increase productivity and solve various problems facing factories and that time. Two branches of classical management theories: scientific and administrative developed in quest for solutions. Classical scientific theories su
Introduction In terms of the existence of evil, scientists and researchers provide arguments in support of different beliefs. On the one hand, some religions are based on the idea that the simultaneous coexistence of evil and God’s power is unlikely. On the other hand, there are religions claiming that worldwide suffering is the result of karma and actions taken in the previous lives. For example, Christianity takes into consideration original sin resulting in the development of suffering, whereas Hinduism perceives suffering as an integral part of the life cycle. Enduring Human Concerns and the Human Condition Wood analyzes this topic with the help of opinions supported by various influencers. Even though there are various explanations to the questions regarding enduring human concerns and the human condition, Wood (2010) beliefs that human character develops with the help of suffering. In fact, it is estimated that human beings cannot attain the great good of character and deep responsibility for one another’s welfare without suffering. However, this belief has been criticized by numerous scientists. Opponents of this idea highlight that the life of people would have to be associated with suffering on a regular basis if evil was the trigger of character development. In turn, Hinduism perceives the life of human beings as a way to achieve the main goals, such as dharma, kama, artha, and moksha. These goals are based on the idea to act morally and ethically throughout one’s life. For instance, it is believed that people are born to live in a free environment where all components, such as animals and plants, should be treated with respect. In other words, Hinduism aims to avoid ultimately meaningless,
Activity #1: Your Conflict Style THE CONFLICT: Describe whom it was with, what it was about, etc.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      HOW I MANAGED IT: Describe what you said, how you acted, etc.                                                                                                                                                                                                                 THE RESULT: Describe how you and the others felt afterwards. Are you happy with each of the results?                                                          I was in a conflict with a gas station attendant at a convenient store. I bought Macadamia nuts for my cousin but apparently, my cousin was allergic to them and asked to get ground nuts instead. So, I went back to the store requiring an exchange for ground nuts but the store attendant refused and demanded a fresh purchase.  I explained the situation to the attendant but he completely ignored my request and demanded for a new purchase. The attendant lacked common courtesy. I was even surprised that the attendant used the old line “management obtains the right to refuse service to anyone”.  I was so aggravated and I threw the pack on the counter and stormed out of the store.                                                                         I had saveda whole bunch of pennies worth $75 and left to get a drink at a local liquor store. My purchase came to $75 and since I knew I had enough, I dumped all the pennies over the counter for the accountant to account. To my surprise, the teller totally refused to take the coins and started yelling and screaming.        I told him it was the legal tender of the U.S and walked out of the store with my purchase.
Introduction Performance measurement is one of the tools that’ managers use to evaluate and improve the output of their employees and the overall performance of their companies. The main philosophy that guides the workability of performance measurement is that companies that fail to engage in their results cannot adequately determine their success or prevent failure. As a result, such companies find it difficult to reward success and may even reward failure unintentionally (Wu & Liu, 2010). Dulsco LLC is one of the companies in the United Arabs Emirates (UAE) that apply performance measurement in their management systems. To understand how performance measurement is applied in the management of the Dulsco Company, this paper addresses a number of aspects within the company that are performance-related. The aspects that are addressed include: an overview of the company, the competition it faces from other players, its overall quality approach, its key resources and advantages, and the other issues it contends with. The paper also suggests a number of solutions. An Overview of Dulsco Dulsco has been in existence in the United Arab Emirates for over seventy years now (UAE). Dulsco is known for its significant contribution to the general growth of the UAE. The company played a great role in the transition of Dubai from a fishing village to an industrial state with a mega metropolis. The company has more than 6,000 experienced employees, who assist it to provide different services to all its customers within the region. The main businesses that the company engages in are waste management services and provision of HR solutions (Qasim & Ramaswamy, 2011). The company together with its businesses fall under the human resources industry and works hand in hand with a number of firms to execute its services. Dulsco assists companies such as IKEA to outsource skilled labour including carpenters, electricians, and tailors. Dulsco also helps IT companies such as Alpha Data and Acer Computer Ltd to find the best IT specialists within the region. American Hospital is the main client of Dulsco with regard to waste management. Dulsco assists the hospital in chemical and radioactive disposal of medical wastes and incineration management. Apart from HR solutions and waste management, Dulsco also provides services such as tank and marine cleansing, industrial and warehousing, and property services (Qasim & Ramaswamy, 2011). Dulsco’s success is accredited to the proper way it treats its employees, who comprise the professional, technical, and specialist, skilled and unskilled categories. Dulsco’s employees are drawn from around 20 nationalities
Introduction It is from the beginning of the tenure of my posting I observed that the island of Kava is a quite dismal place. So, in order to make a strong foothold there our company would have to take some very important decisions. Then evaluate the resources that were in hand which would be very important for the proposed solution. After that only I would try to evaluate all the proposals according to their implications. The factors that are affecting the decision implementations and the solutions There are a number of factors that are directly affecting the organizations from spreading business in this island. The very first case is, the island being a natural disaster zone and along with different natural disasters different diseases like HIV/AIDS, avian flu are really common in this part of the world. The natural disasters are one of the foremost causes that grounds problems of communication with the first world and this is the biggest crisis faced by our company since it is basically a communicative company (Ren, 2008). To make matters worse, the island suffers from a direct threat from terrorists both from inside and outside of the island. All these factors are really preventing the growth of the company in the island. If we look at the problems, we can find that these are seen in more or less in most of the third world countries. It is really tough to stop the natural disasters, but if the company tries to connect its hands with the government and aims to start some campaigns to stop all the diseases then it will directly reach to the lower class people
The high school football drama, Friday Night Lights , is a great piece of literary work. This is a great television drama, which reflects different literary characteristics, just like other literary works, such as poems, novels, short stories, paintings, plays, and others (Heffernan 1). While there are non-literary works, they tend to be formal with clear structures and form, precise function, and style. This essay focuses on the use of characters, plot or episodes, and storyline to show that Friday Night Lights is literary. Friday Night Lights has characters that meet qualities of other characters in works of literature. Characters are people in the narrative or the television series. The television series has round characters, who appear to be complex and experience several development and surprise audience. Characters vary from one episode to the next one. However, the focus remains on the main character, the Panthers’ football coach Eric Taylor (Berg 1). The director creates a coach who must struggle to balance his roles as a father, his status as a coach for a demand fans, and his own ambitions. Another character is Tami Taylor, the coach’s wife. She becomes a principal at Dillon High School from a counselor. In addition, Julie Taylor, the teenage daughter of the coach is also a central character in the series. However, it is only Tami and the coach who appear in all episodes of show. Tension sets in the family as Tami gets pregnant and gives birth to another baby. Julie rebels against her parents. Players are also important characters in the television drama. Football players also change as the plot develops. For instance, Jason Street is the star quarterback who sustains a serious injury that would eventually get him out of the game and make him handicapped. Jason must struggle in order to adjust to his new life. Lyla Garrity also changes from a cheerleader to a youth leader at the church. The television series depicts characters who struggle and develop to pick up new roles or responsibilities in their lives. Generally, the show depicts various characters of a small town, Dillon who must deal with several challenges in the contemporary American society associated with football. These characters must develop to handle family issues, life lessons, child issues, abortion, alcoholism, football and school funding, and poor economic progress and opportunities. Friday Night Lights has five seasons, which present the plot of the drama. The plot of the
Initiation refers to a rite of passage from childhood into adulthood or making an entrance into the society. There exist differences in rites of passage from a particular community to another. These rites of passage may vary from a person to another. New responsibilities and a new form of self-realization characterize initiation. Furthermore, the act involves a variety of forms like tribal initiations that involve teachings on adulthood. It may also take the form of spiritual or gang initiation characterized by introduction to criminal gangs. Initiation occurs in all cultures and there have been a lot of literature written about it. Many teenagers, especially girls make life-threatening decisions during initiation. Initiation has numerous psychological effects as revealed in the narrations of many individuals. Individuals who are initiated by wrong people face many consequences, which affect their lives in many ways. This paper will present a comparison of initiation themes. “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been” In the story “where are you going, where have you been”, the main character is Connie who is a 15-year-old self-absorbed girl. She is not in good terms with her mother and she lives with her elder sister who is steady and hard working. The genesis of her initiation occurs in a particular day when, without the knowledge or approval of her parents, she spent a day at “Big Boy” restaurant and captures the attention of a man. It does not take long before the boy and his friend visit the girl’s homestead in the absence of her parents. The man seems friendly although Connie notices that he has lied about his age. What transpires leaves less to imagination because the man asks Connie to comply with his demands (Oates 8). The story depicts a sad initiation process for Connie as she is introduced into a sense of self-realization through harassment. Because of her naivety, she is adamant to leave the relationship. Many women have written their biographies with such kind of an initiation including an aspect of forced marriage. The bandits take Connie to a building described by her as being in a dilapidated condition. Moreover, she is threatened to copulate with Friend, who wants her to be his lover and possibly his wife. ‘The Grave’ In the short story of Katherine Porter, ‘The Grave,’ there is a young woman called Miranda who is on a hunting mission with her brother. They take time to view the cemeteries that the f