ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In the recent past, human resources development and management in Australia has experienced tremendous growth. Previously, this industry has been formal but of late industry regulators are moving towards deregulation of this sector by engaging a more professionally trained workforce, in effect casualizing and diversifying the hospitality industry (Patrickson & Hartmann 1998, p. 98). Practitioner are more emphatic on creating a more flexible work plan, putting employees on performance based contracts, reliance on legal professionals and computerizing HR management. This has created a more diversified HR and hospitality industry in Australia. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the functional comparisons between Australia and India’s human resource management in the hospitality industry. There is no shortage of available labor force for Australia’s hotel industry. In their report, Nankervis and Debrah explain that primary function of industry managers is to identify, train and equip hotels with reliable work force that meets industry demands (1993, p. 507). This is because Australia is a major tourist destination for elite tourists. In order to retain tourists, hotels must provide the best customer service. HR managers in Australia have also had to develop a “more systematic employee management” by developing more flexible work policies that accommodate “casual and students labor force (Knox & Walsh 2006, p. 1). In the recruitment of employees, 32% of Australian hotels ensure that there are equal employment opportunities for both genders (Knox and Walsh 2). To add to this, about 82% of all hotels in Australia posses’ mission statements that express their business philosophies and objectives (Knox & Walsh 2006, p. 3). Australian hotel industry still has a very low appraisal rates with only about 59.5 % of Australian hotels conduct employees’ performance appraisals and 40.6% having a distinct careers plans for their employees (Knox & Walsh 2006, p. 4). This is not enough to motivate the Australian hotel workers. By comparison, India’s hotel industry spends about 33% of its total earnings while Australia spends about 35% on labor cost (Buultjens & Cairncross 2009, p. 48; Hotel news resource 2010)
Given the descriptors for the Four Cueing Systems; describe how each is taught and promoted in your classroom Four cueing systems are vital components for the understanding of grammar and structure of the sentences (Booth and Rowsell 54). These aspects have to be promoted in the classrooms by using different methods to ensure the delivery of the primary concepts to the learners. In this case, the Balanced Literacy approach is a basis to deliver the aspect of four cueing systems to the learners, and it is used in the classroom (Booth and Rowsell 54). For instance, I tend to help children read a complicated text out load to understand the syntax, pronunciation, morphemes, and find a correlation between written and spoken languages. Discuss why it is important to consider theory in instruction The role of theories in the instruction cannot be underestimated, as they tend to define the key focuses of the teaching process while paying attention to the various tactics. The sociolinguistic theory is the most appealing to me, as it underlines the importance of interactions in the learning process (Copland, Sarangi and Candlin 185). Behaviorism should be regarded as of equal essentiality, as it emphasizes the changes in the behavior of the students as a definer of learning (Mastrian et al. 77). Despite the dissimilar nature of both theories, their scientific conceptualization reflects the aspects, which can be implemented to enhance learning procedures. Describe the type of informal assessment you do of your students’ reading and writing Different types of informal assessments for reading and writing of the students tend to exist due to the necessity to monitor the progress among the participants of the lectures. In this case, I have to state that the assessments should be conducted one-on-one to ensure the delivery of the required information to the student related to his/her writing and readings skills (Gardner and Gardner 247). In this case, the initial objective will be to measure the progress and determine the compliance of the results with the teaching expectations (Gardner and Gardner 247). Consequently, I would prefer using observations and a checklist to monitor the flow discussion and cover all topics, which require the assessment to provide a profound evaluation of the skills of the students (Gardner and Gardner 247). In this case, the analysis of the observations correlates with the behaviorism theory, as this activity is aimed at monitoring changes in behavior, and it will assist in understanding whether the approach is effective. Meanwhile, a simultaneous application of the checklists will ensure the coverage of the selected topic and provide an easy-to-understand system of knowledge, which is organized in a logical matter. Discuss three ways that you would promote phonemic awareness in your classroom Meanwhile, phonemic awareness is highly important in the learning process, and several ways of promotion have to be introduced to ensure the delivery of the required knowledge. One of the ways is to pay attention to the rhyming, as the students will be able to find similarities in words and sounds (Ste
Introduction The development and growth of feminist movements and gender roles were accompanied with the emergence of various theoretical models that explained the roles of women and their positions in the society. Each theoretical model approached women issues in a different way. Though distinct on how they approached feminism, all the theoretical perspectives have an agreement on the need to continue improving women’s positions and roles in the society (Gilmore, 2004). Most of these feminist theories put more emphasis on the inferior position and oppressions of societal women. Moreover, these theories yearn to bring necessary changes that may result in the desirable women liberty and consequently offer equal rights and opportunities to them. The history of feminist movement and the changing roles of women have revolved around the theme of liberation, equal rights and opportunities. Early feminist movements championed for equal rights and opportunities for women at workplaces. This later evolved into the struggle for the legalization of women rights which were widely perceived as a lasting liberation for women and the end to oppression (Gilmore, 2004). The achievements of the struggle dramatically resulted into the changing roles of women as many women accessed education and developed their careers. However, the means and how these feminism movement goals together with the spirit of gender roles were achieved, differed depending on the theoretical approach given to feminism. In this regard, it is essential to single out feminist movement models that explain the origin of women oppression and offer solutions to such issues in the current society (Freedman, 2003). This paper discusses the liberal and socialist feminism theories while comparing and contrasting their concepts so as to identify if they explain the origin of women oppression. Comparing and contrasting social feminist theory with liberal feminist theory Basically, liberal feminism tries to locate the derivation of oppressions of women in the society. The theory asserts that women oppression started at the point where they lacked equal opportunities and civil rights as well as in the ancient societies which had links with the sexual role socialization processes. In fact, liberal feminism claims that the liberation of women can be realized only when sexist discrimination is removed in order to allow women to have equal opportunity for pursuing their full individual development potentials the same way men do. This implies that liberal feminist framewor
Introduction Market segmentation is a method that is used to manage a larger market. It involves the division of the larger market into smaller subsets. These subsets have an internal homogeneity where the buyers within them have common needs for goods and services. They also show the same buying behaviour. Buyers in different subsets exhibit different needs and therefore it can be concluded that these subsets have an external homogeneity (Hutt & Thomas, 2002). Different criteria can be used to divide the market into subsets. These may include geographic boundaries, demographic divisions or even psychographic profiles. The segments that are developed should be viable in such a way that they result in the profitability of an organization. They should also be accessible and measurable such that data can be obtained from them easily for analysis. This will ensure that their profitability is checked progressively. Advantages and disadvantages of segmentation When a company uses segmentation, it is bound to experience both its advantages and disadvantages. One of its advantages is that the needs of the customers are matched well. This is because segmentation may result in the division of the market according to the needs of the buyers. This will ensure that the needs of each subset are identified and therefore met in the best possible way. Another advantage is that it may also result in retaining more customers. Customers are dynamic in the way they interact with the market. The different subsets ensure that if such changes occur, the needs of a customer are still met by a different subset. This will ensure that the customers do not switch to other products (Malcolm & Ian, 2004). Segmentation also allows the company to know how it is viewed by its customers. This is important since it will enable the business to make changes where necessary to be able to satisfy its customers more. Another advantage is that it offers a platform for growth. When segmentation is carried out effectively, it increases sales and this will result in the growth of the company. The disadvantages that are associated with segmentation include neglecting other segments in the market. This may be a result of concentrating on a particular segment. This results in the competitors taking advantage of the isolated segments and therefore losses for the company (Robert, 2006). Another disadvantage comes when the market is over segmented. This is by having very small segments such that they cannot be assessed in terms of their profitability to the company. This may also result in losses being incurred by the company. Linking segmentation and other marketing mix elements Segmentation can easily be linked with other marketing mix elements such as promotional activities. This is because the needs of the segments are identified beforehand. For example, if a segment consists of customers of a given age group, the advertisements that will be done within this particular segment will take into account their age. This ensures that the intended message is received and understood well and results in making the marketing of the products effective and easy. The intended message is also de
Skin grafting is whereby a healthy part of the skin is removed from the donor site to be used in repairing a wounded part of the body. The main reason for performing such surgery is when a certain part of the skin is damaged. There are body parts that are mostly preferred for skin grafts like buttocks and inner thighs. A scalpel is used in this process but the most recommended gadget to ensure perfection is a special harvesting machine. The pattern and the size of the wound are taken and then outlined on the place to the donor the skin before the surgery is conducted (Ratner, 2008). Skin grafting is done in three systems. The first system is split-thickness graft, this involves the surgery of both top and the middle layers of the skin. Compared to the other systems, there is a higher probability of this site healing faster. The challenges of this system are the fragility and color differences of the graft. The second system is a full-thickness graft that encompasses complete removal of the skin. In such a case, the donor site would be stitched for it to heal. This type of graft has the best outcome when done on places such as the face where cosmetic appearance is crucial. The main challenge of this system is that it can only be transferred to the area with blood vessels, thus imposing some limitations (Ratner, 2008). The third and final system is the composite grafts, consisting of skin and fat, mostly to repair the areas with three dimensions for example the ear. Once the graft has been placed, it’s then supposed to be tightened with stitches or be stapled. During the first few hours, the grafts consume air and nutrients from the receiving site tissues, but later new blood vessels develop. Finally, cells develop from the graft and repair the wounded area completely. The duration taken by the wound to heal depends on the seriousness of the injury. The size of the graft is also a factor to determine the time to be taken by the wound to heal completely. There is pain during and after the procedure, though doctors make use of anesthesia to control the pain. After the procedure, the victim is given some prescription to reduce the pain until the wound heals (Ratner 2008). The patient stay at the hospital will depend on the care that is required and the size of the wound. For a serious and a big wound, the patient may be required to spend the first few days resting to avoid straining the affected areas. For these few days, the patient may be required to stay in the hosp
Introduction: Definition of Socialism Socialism/leftism is a political and economic ideology that advocates for a collective regulation of the means of production in a given society. In other words, socialists believe that for a society to be successful, its wealth should be governed by society for the benefit of the entire community. In a different sense, socialism refers to a system where all people have the right to intervene in governing decisions that have a direct impact on them. Today, many people are concerned with the question of whether socialism has been successful in countries where it is practiced. The answer to this question depends on what is agreed upon as “success” in this relationship. To some people, a successful political system is the one that offers a high level of satisfaction and the quality of living to its citizenry. As the paper reveals, despite its shortcomings, socialism is a feasible economic and political system that affords people high levels of happiness, job security, and consumer protection relative to people living in capitalist societies. Socialism as a Feasible Economic and Political System Socialism is a feasible economic and political system because it helps to eliminate greed in the society, hence preventing the accumulation of much wealth by a small proportion of the population. According to Schumpeter, socialism facilitates the redistribution of wealth, which in turn reduces income disparities in society. 1 Presently, American society is suffering from income inequality whereby one percent of the population controls all the resources at the expense of the rest of the people. As such, poorer people face hardships such as being unable to afford basic healthcare and proper diet. Conversely, in countries
Theoretical Foundation: The Pillars that the Research Stands on the Theories Used as a Fundament for the Study Diffusion of innovations theory There are many ways in which the concept of a Diffusion of Innovations Theory can be approached from. According to the existing definition, Diffusion of Innovations Theory deals with defining the rates of innovation acceptance within a particular cultural setting towards the efficiency of social network and the rates of technological development within the given culture. In other words, a Diffusion of Innovations Theory is a set of principles and laws that helps define the ways in which “an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system” (Rogers, 2010, p. 5). In the setting of the present-day world, the given definition presupposes that an innovation can only become popular and well recognized once the existing social network system, such as Facebook, is utilized. However, Rogers argues that the Diffusion of Innovations theory can be used not only for commercial purposes, but also for the purposes of educating students. In other words, Rogers makes it obvious that educators must communicate efficiently in the course of the teaching process so that the latter could flow in the most productive way possible. It is imperative to stress that Rogers specifies five key stages of diffusion process, i.e., “knowledge stage, persuasion stage, decision stage, implementation stage, and confirmation stage” (Rogers, 2010, p. 21), therefore, making it easier for teachers to apply Rogers’ postulates to the educational setting. Seminal source When it comes to discussing the origins of the theory and the factors that have predetermined its appearance, or, at the very least, played an essential part in the process of theory creation, one must stress that Rogers was basically the first person to push the concept of Diffusion of Innovations into the world of research. Indeed, when it comes to the analysis of the relevant sources that date back to the origins of Rogers’ theory, one will most likely find out that Rogers was, in fact, the very first person who actually suggested that the popularity of innovations has something to do with the social network and communication between the potential customers and the target audience. However, when it comes to picking the work that literally launched numerous researches on the issue, one must give credit to Gabriel Tarde, the person who actually came up with the idea of innovations diffusion (Deleuze, 2004). Despite the fact that Rogers was the firs
Dr. Gutierrez’s definition of a godly person does not differ from what I have always thought of because even in the past I have seen people live by the word of God and have obeyed it at all times. This is because persons that I see as godly are always ready to help other people during hard times. These people also know the holy bible and quote it with ease to signify that they have lived and practiced the word of God and they believe every word in the bible. These people depict the images of God because of the actions that they do and how they carry themselves in society. To be godly one needs to reflect God’s procedures and will. However, it is not easy to live a godly life due to the temptations that people face in life. In chapter 3, I found the discussion about changing our ways so that we can appear holy in the eyes of God intriguing and very thoughtful. I chose to discuss this point. When I decided to make Jesus my savior I had a lot of difficulties because I did not have the kind of friends that are desired to live a virtuous life. They also did not embrace that I had changed my ways in life. I had to seek new friends who helped me to grow spiritually and I have to admit it was very difficult. In chapter 4, I found the discussion about loving people and living in society as family thoughtful. I chose to discuss this point because I have come to realize that even in Christianity there are differences among Christians which are brought about by wealth and this is not how people are supposed to co-exist. We find that those with resources want to associate among themselves while those without are left out of major activities that are beneficial to everyone. In chapter 5, I found the discussion about communicating with God interesting. I chose to discuss this point because I believe that every one of us has a purpose in life and it is upon us to discover what the purpose is. We need to communicate with God more so that he can give us answers to our questions. We need to ask God for directions and it is
A hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) is a localized injury of underlying tissue or skin that some patients suffer during their stay in a hospital. HAPI is typically a result of prolonged immobility of patients, leading to unrelieved pressure upon bony prominences. In combination with shear, this pressure is linked to other variables such as age, perfusion, nutritional status, hematological measurements, sickness severity, and diabetes (Rondinelli et al., 2018). Despite the recent decline, the number of patients who acquired pressure injury during their stay is still over a million in the USA (Tschannen & Anderson, 2020). The development of HAPI increases patients’ risks of dying during the hospital stay by 2.8 times and dying within 30 days after leaving the medical facility by 1.69 (Tschannen & Anderson, 2020). Additionally, hospital-acquired pressure injury is accompanied by substantial pain and suffering, delayed functional recovery, as well as extended time for healing and hospital stay (Tschannen & Anderson, 2020). Even though much research has been done on the subject, HAPI remains a significant issue for elderly patients and a costly challenge for hospitals. During the patients’ time at the hospital, the primary care for them is provided by and the responsibility of the nurse practitioners. Since pressure injuries are proven to be preventable, the early recognition of the modifiable causes of the development of HAPI and taking corrective measures can stop the progression of the disease (Rondinelli et al., 2018). As such, working directly with patients enables nursing professionals to identify the symptoms and stop pressure injuries from developing. Failing to assess and prevent HAPI in patients accurately can lead to a severe impact on their lives and delay the healing process (Rondinelli et al., 2018). Furthermore, slow healing results in even longer hospital stay, which in turn facilitates the worsening of HAPI and increases healthcare costs. Within the framework of the assignment, for constructing a PCIOT question, each of its elements is further identified and described. The patients suffering from hospital-acquired pressure injuries are typically considered to be the older generation. The injury is acquired during their prolonged stay in a hospital, affected by their immobility, nutritional status, and sickness severity. One of the evidence-based solutions that can be applied to reducing the rates of acquiring and developing pressure injury in elderly patients is the minimization of shear and friction. It can be achieved by using low-friction slide sheets and air-assisted transfer devices, redu