ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
When we hear the term “business ethics”, what is the first idea that enters our minds? Some people will say that business ethics is “acting in accordance with the ethical principles and theories applied in our society”. However, “business ethics” is one of the best “ideas” that can make businesses successful and profitable. In my speech today, I am going to “re-examine” the idea of business ethics in order to help entrepreneurs and corporations understand the importance of embracing the concept towards a successful corporate culture. Business ethics is a term used to describe the behavior of business organizations. Business ethics examines the actions of leaders and stakeholders in any given organization. Although “ethics” focuses mainly on performance, actions, and activities of business organizations, there is need to embrace the idea of “business ethics” in order to make businesses successful and responsible. Business organizations should apply the idea of “business ethics” to its activities including leadership, service delivery, and product development. With such an approach, organizational leaders will make accurate and ethical decisions in order to promote a positive business culture. Business managers and leaders are also expected to behave in an ethical manner. Business organizations and entrepreneurs should always encourage their employees to make ethical decisions. This approach will ensure business organizations promote the best ethical practices. Most of the successful companies today have always embraced the idea of business ethics. It is also necessary for organizations to practice Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The idea of Corporate Social Responsibility and proper ethical behaviors can bring numerous gains to a company or business organizations. Any company that fails to act ethically loses its business and eventually become unprofitable. As well, ethical behaviors are necessary because they help businesses attract new customers. This will definitely boost their profits and sales. This explains why business leaders should embrace the idea of “ethical behaviors” and proper leadership strategies in order to make their companies successful. It is also agreeable that the question of “labor” continues to affect many companies today. For instance, most of the companies that do not embrace the best ethical practices tend to fail in their businesses. The companies are unable to attract new employees. On the other hand, “ethical companies” will always attract new employees thus reducing their business costs. As well, an ethical company will find it easier to attract new investors and eventually become profitable. It would be necessary for businesses to re-examine their practices and activities in order to remain ethical. There is need for companies to use various ethical principles and theories in order to improve performance. It is agreeable that unethical behaviors will eventually damage the reputation of a firm. This will make it less attractive to its customers and stakeholders. Along with other ideas such as proper organizational str
The contemporary western world claims to be the place of tolerance and equality. However, with the rapid development of globalization, the cultural and social compositions of the modern western population have been growing more and more diverse. As a result, tensions around various issues continue to appear. One of such issues occurs right during the holiday season. Specifically, the problem revolves around the way people are expected to greet one another at this merry time. Should we stick to the habitual “Merry Christmas” and stay loyal to the traditions of the majority or embrace a more neutral “Happy Holidays” and show respect to the cultural diversity? Due to the increasing level of cultural diversity in the west, the greeting “Merry Christmas” can be offensive to non-Christians. In that way, it would be logical to use “Happy Holidays” as a neutral type of greeting. After all, “Happy Holidays” was designed specifically to include people of all cultural backgrounds in the celebration regardless of their worldviews. This tendency is particularly relevant in the western countries of Europe and the United States that are known for a very high rate of social and cultural diversity. Moreover, “Happy Holidays” is a greeting inclusive not only for people but also for the actual holidays. To be more precise, wishing someone “Happy Holidays,” one includes all the holidays of the season. Such holidays are multiple. For example, December alone is the month when representatives of various cultures celebrate their traditional holidays, some of which are the African Kwanzaa, the Mexican Fiesta of Our Lady of Guadalupe, the Japanese Omisoka, the pagan Yule, and the Jewish Hannukah. All of these celebrations occur in the same month as Christmas, Epiphany, and Boxing Day. In that way, instead of separating Christmas and isolating it as the ‘main’ celebration of the month, one could simply wish “Happy Holidays,” sincerely referring to the wide variety of such holidays happening all at the same time. On the other hand, “Merry Christmas” does not have to be an offensive greeting that should be taken as an attempt to isolate and alienate the representatives of non-Christian cultures. Wishing someone a “Merry Christmas” does not mean that Christmas is the only “real” or relevant holiday of the season. It may mean that it is particularly important for the greeter. As a result, a greeting of this type does not have to be interpreted as an attempt to position Christianity as superior to other worldviews and religions. Moreover, “Merry Christmas” is, most commonly, the type of greeting that is said and meant in good spirit. Consequently, it should not be taken by non-Christians as something mean or selfish. For instance, people can be unaware of the worldviews of the surrounding individuals and sincerely wish them a “Merry Christmas” without meaning to intimidate, offend, or deny another religion. To sum up, both types of greetings are equally pop
Current Geopolitical Position In 1979, oil deposits were discovered at Tengiz fields in the North Caspian Sea. This discovery has always attracted investors from Asia and Europe. In this regard, illegal immigration has been one of the major problems that the officials of Kazakh have to deal with if they are to preserve the interests of the state. During the post-Soviet era, oil was exploited in large quantities, which boosted the economy. Moreover, capitalism took root since individuals had sufficient capital to spend liberally. The US has always had close relations with Kazakhstan, following constant conflicts witnessed in the Middle East and the rising costs of petroleum products (Hiro, 2009). Since Kazakhstan is one of the landlocked countries, it depends on its neighbors for the transfer of oil products from exploration fields to the global markets. This poses a great challenge to the policymakers given the fact that they have to design policies that are favorable to their neighbors. The states that own pipelines have massive influence over the production in the country. The country’s economy depends on oil, which means that the government cannot operate without its neighbors. Recently, various world powers, including China, Russia, Iran, and the United States, have tried to control the pipelines that transport oil from Kazakhstan to the global market. This has resulted in conflicts because each power wishes to own part of the pipeline. Russia has traditionally owned the pipeline while China is promising to construct new pipelines. On its part, Iran wishes to pump oil from Kazakhstan to the eastern part in order to bolster its economy. The United States has proposed a different strategy that would allow oil products to reach the global market without necessarily going through Iran, Russia, and China. In this regard, resource availability in Kazakhstan is a curse because it presents serious challenges to the state policymakers (Rashid, 2008). Role of the Intelligence Officer in Engaging Kazakhstan The main role of the intelligence officer would be to advise the government on the best policy to apply in the region, which would allow the state to achieve its national interests. The United States relies heavily on foreign oil meaning that policies made should be based on this reality. The US should always formulate policies that would help it achieve its national interests. In this regard, the intelligence analyst should provide adequate information to the government regarding Kazakhstan. According to the realists, national interests will always drive the foreign policymaking process of any state. Studies show that the US has only two percent of the world’s oil yet it consumes over twenty-five percent of the oil produced globally. The US cannot afford to sideline Kazakhstan because of its oil deposits. Therefore, it should always ensure that democracy prevails in the region because. However, this should be h
Introduction Humphrey’s Executor V. United States and Myers V. United States are similar cases. The Humphrey’s case builds upon precedents set by the Myers case. The Humphrey’s case and the Myers case test the powers of the president of the United States to hire and fire individuals at will. Cases will be examined explained based upon stare decisis ( Latin for “to stand by a decision,” the doctrine that a trial court is bound by appellate court decisions (precedents) on a legal question which is raised in the lower court. Reliance on such precedents is required of trial courts until such time as an appellate court changes the rule, for the trial court cannot ignore the precedent (even when the trial judge believes it is “bad law”) 1 . Myers V. United States 272 US 52 This case was argued on December 5 th 1923, reargued on April 13-14 th 1925, and decided upon on October 25, 1926. The ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States stated that the President has the power to remove from office those executive branch officials without the approval of the U.S. Senate. This case was brought forward to the Supreme Court by Frank Myers who believed that he had been removed from office illegally by President Woodrow Wilson. Myer based his complaint upon an 1876 law that states that postmasters can only be removed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. Chief Justice William H. Taft identified this case as a Constitutional issue. Taft, and the Majority, ruled that the Constitution allows the President to dismiss members of his staff who are considered an extension of the President’s power and authority. Myers, in the position of First Class Postmaster of Portland, Oregon, was considered a member of Woodrow Wilson’s executive staff and was subject to termination by the President. Dissents by Supreme Court Justices argued that because there was no mention of this Presidential Power over executive staff in the Constitution, then the ruling giving the President the authority to remove executive staff was unconstitutional. Humphrey’s Executor V. United States 295 US Humphrey’s Ex’r V. United States was argued on May 1 st 1935 and decided o May 27 th of 1935. This case was brought to the court by a disgruntled William Humphrey who argued that he had been removed from his posting as a member of the Federal Trade Commission unfairly. Humphrey had been appointed to his post by then President Hoover. After President Roosevelt took office he requested that Humphrey submit his resignation. Roosevelt requested the resignation because Humphrey’s did not agree with Roosevelt’s New Deal plan. Roosevelt felt that the New Deal could only move forward with those who shared his vision of the New Deal. This included those appointed by Hoover. Those who did not share Roosevelt’s position, like Humphrey, were asked to resign. Humphrey refused to resign resulting in the order from Roosevelt that removed him from office effective October 7, 1933. This order effectively dismissed Humphrey from his appointment as Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission. Humphrey’s Executor argued for Humphrey’s reinstatement and back wages
The whole world lacks resources! Right now, as we speak, the world is running out of natural wealth. Employers look for talented human resources, and every morning people seek for energy to live another day. Some need stability for happiness, and others need constant growth and movement. To achieve both, we need the resources – financial and temporal, emotional, and informational. Where to look for resources and how to save them are the most popular topics for discussion. Let us consider sport as a unique source of opportunities both for the individual and the whole planet. The problem of the shortage of natural resources lies in the lack of oil, gas, minerals, fresh water, and biological sources of food on our planet. To save resources and avoid environmental catastrophes, people need to consume less (Bothun, 2018). Thus, the main contribution of each of us is to reduce consumption. The root of all evils is constant shopping, eating lots of food, transport that pollutes the ecosystem. Endless consuming, home decor, cars, gadgets – the civilized world has brought us to the cult of shopping. Reducing consumption is a task that demands a lot of effort. The issue is not just the passion for buying something, but the human desire to continually change and seek happiness. What are the first associations that come to mind when thinking about a change? Want something new in your life – change your hairstyle, update your wardrobe, apply red lipstick, go to the vacation. Motivational books and speakers advise: if you want a better life, change what you wear, where you go, where you live, who you talk to. We admire minimalism, periodically throw away junk, and promise to be free from things. After a while, unnecessary things appear in our homes again. As a result, consumption rates are significantly increasing every day. You will not believe it, but sports can be the same alternative to mass consumption. When we start a workout, we shift our attention from the things around to our inner world (Siefken et al., 2019). By making sports your way of life, you will make your body fit, and it will enough to wear a simple white T-shirt with shorts to look and feel confident. The sense of finding the right combination of things to hide the flaws visually is lost. You can follow the chain of events – you work out, you look better, you spend less on decorating. If you are riding a bicycle, you are reducing the consumption of oil. In this way, when we include sports, we get a high energy charge, and then in other spheres of life, we do with greater efficiency. We become calm, more confident, healthier, and more motivated (Graydon, 2016). It is how we manage our time because it is an opportunity to be alone, to think, and to make meaningful plans. Moreover, this is how we save the planet! Thanks!
Introduction: Life as a Constant Struggle One of the most prominent people of the epoch, Mahler deserves being called the man who made the world sound in a different way. Without his enchanting and thrilling compositions, the world of art would have lost its specific flair of greatness. Tracing the background of Symphony No.2, one will inevitably see the way the music was shaping and realize how many prerequisites this amazing piece depended on. It cannot be doubted that the music possesses the specific peculiar features that make it an outstanding creation of a genial musician. Speaking of Mahler is impossible without mentioning the epoch that the musician belonged to. Reconstructing the past, one can see that the impact of the then atmosphere on the creations of the composer was immense, each piece shot through with the air of the distant times. Mentioning that the composer stood at the crossroads of the XIX and XX centuries would be enough to create a general picture of the time in which Mahler lived and created his amazing music. Being squeezed between the two eras, the one featuring the conventional approach to composing and adhering to the postulates of the classics, the other suggesting all possible innovations that came together with the progress of the humanity, these two centuries brought a conflict between the old and the new, which Mahler would reprint in his works. The question was, did he do it intentionally? However, is there any musical piece that was composed intentionally? Inspired from somewhere up above, these compositions cannot be judged as something that belongs to the world of the ordinary; nor are these the frozen pieces of classics – it seems as if the powerful melodies live a life of their own, a peculiar cross between the spirit of the century and the ideas that were haunting Mahler through all his life. What strikes most about the genial musician is the fact that he was writing the music that both reprinted the epoch and at the sane time reflected the soul of the musician. It was truly unbelievable, yet that was the fact. Mahler’s Symphony No.2 was another stage of the musician’s self-perfection process. It is amazing to learn that the symphony written by the great composer was predetermined by a number of factors that influenced Mahler’s creativity and set the right tone for his pieces. Plunging into the Ocean of Music: What Stands Behind the Downpour of Notes Speaking of the pieces created by the musician, one must mention the early years o
One of the most essential pieces of information pertinent to the patient’s case is concerned with environmental health. Environmental health deals with the relationships between people and their surroundings, such as air quality, the state of the land and water, as well as other surroundings with which people come into contact. The respiratory illness that the patient has developed is likely to be associated with her environment, such as working near a 100-year-old building, which may have a build-up of toxic substances, or living near a golf course, which is known for using chemicals to promote plant growth. To assess the client’s risk, it is imperative to evaluate the quality of the air at the place of her residence and at work, as well as determine whether there are any substances in the environment that could cause a respiratory illness. It is expected to determine whether there are consistent emissions of carbon dioxide and other harmful pollutants in the patient’s area or whether her office and home were related to building repair materials that could contain hazardous chemicals (Health and Safety Executive, 2016). While short-term exposure to either may not be particularly dangerous, the long-term interaction with harmful substances poses a risk to health. The exposure pathway that applies to the patient is inhalation because of the reported respiratory illness that has been affecting her for a long time. When hazardous substances take the form of vapors or are absorbed by particulate matter, the act of breathing exposes a person to harmful inhalation. In addition, skin can also be a vehicle absorbing a hazardous substance in the form of a vapor, and its effects usually build up over time.
Introduction The role of ICT in the management of disaster is enormous in the current world. ICT has proved to be very vital in effectively suppressing the impacts of the tragedies that humanity faces in the modern world. The events of the beginning of the 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented capacity of ICT to solve the emerging human problems and calamities (Streitz, Kameas & Mavromamati 2007, p.114). The adoption of ICT services in disaster management has greatly improved the efficiency of handling such fatal occurrences. With the invention of advanced technology, the effects of disasters that occur inadvertently have been greatly reduced. (Oosterom, Zlatanova, & Fendel 2005, p.332). Thus, the purpose of this essay is to outline the systems designed to deal with disaster management. Such computer applications, like the GPRS, have all revolutionized preparation for disaster and mitigation schemes. Method Disaster management programs are broadly based on their applications. Depending on their design framework, these software packages tend to solve numerous disaster problems. Through extensive consumer research, these programs are tailored to meet the exact needs of the consumers. The programs are very useful in averting possible loss of life or damage to property by aiding in the coordination of evacuation activities after disaster strikes. (Streitz, Kameas & Mavromamati 2007, p.114). The designed software application should be capable of taking into consideration all the requirements of the disaster cycle: Mitigation: how does the program operate to extenuate the effects the disasters? Preparedness: Does the program have a functionality of alerting humanity in time to avert damages? Response: How exactly does the application aid in offering any reaction to the disaster? Recovery: In any case the disaster occurs, how exactly does the application operate to offer recuperation to victims? These are fundamental questions the software designer must answer in the system development process. Discussion Computer applications used in disaster management are anchored on several variant aspects. The programs must yearn to meet these foundations in order to fulfill the mandate of the program design. The table below is a summary of all these aspects and their significance. Design concept                       significance                                                                                                                                                                                      Incessant information                Disasters may occur very fast and it is often very difficult to predict them in time; the software design should ensure constant and timeless flow of information relevant to avert the disaster. Poly-faceted and open information    Disaster management systems have to provide a multi directional communication and broad based system communication. This leads to enhanced communication                                          Content of information and location  The system must be able to supply enough information and its location