ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
In this chapter, Thomas Sowell discusses the peculiarities of big businesses and the role of government. The author mentions that in this context, the word big has two meanings. In particular, it can mean that a company has a significant market share; Moreover, this notion can imply that the revenues of an organization are substantial. Additionally, the author introduces such a concept as corporation. In such organizations, the owners do not bear responsibility for the financial obligations of the company or the decisions of senior executives. This attribute of corporations has significant implications for the economy, because millions of people can own the stocks of a business without being liable for the decisions of the management. Nevertheless, this separation can lead to several controversies. For example, one can refer to the debates about the compensation paid to senior executives of corporations. Additionally, the author mentions the risk of corporate fraud that can pose a great threat to many investors who put their trust in the integrity and professionalism of corporate board and senior management. Furthermore, Thomas Sowell examines the functioning of monopolies and cartels. These examples are supposed to demonstrate how competition can be impaired. In turn, Thomas Sowell discusses the intervention that the government can implement in order to limit the power of big businesses. In particular, the author mentions anti-trust legislation. One of the main arguments is that extensive regulation can adversely affect the development of many companies. Nevertheless, these restrictions are necessary for avoiding such pitfalls as price fixing. Another important argument is that in the globalized world, the role of monopolies may not be as significant as it was several decades ago. The gradual disappearance of trade barriers diminishes the bargaining power of many companies that could be previously regarded as monopolies. This is one of the changes that should not be overlooked by the readers. In turn, the main task of legislators is to determine what kind of effects governmental interventions into the market can produce on the community. This chapter is aimed at discussing the peculiarities of productivity and pay. The author examines several factors that can shape the amount of compensation given to a person. For example, one can speak about the differences in skills. This tendency manifested themselves during the last decades, during which the increasing automation of production eliminated a great number of jobs requiring the use of physical labor. Therefore, continuous professional developm
Introduction The tendency towards the further rise of the number of cases of drug abuse and the high diversity of patients needs demands an in-depth analysis of the intervention which is chosen to assist a patient in his/her recovery. That is why regarding Emilia Sanchezs case and her need for socialization, improved family relations, and drug abstinence, inpatient long-term care with the cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) supported by family sessions and specific educational and job training could be considered an appropriate intervention. In general, CBT was founded in the 1960s by Aaron Beck, who originally used the classic form of psychoanalysis (Wenzel, Dobson, & Hays, 2016). However, analyzing the results of this approach, he concluded that they were unsatisfactory and showed low efficiency among patients with depression. For this reason, a new and more efficient method to help this category of patients was needed. Using his experience, Beck noted that negative thoughts among patients appeared automatically without their control. Under these conditions, their improved comprehension of the nature of these actions and reasons which triggered individuals wrong behaviors were the first step towards recovery (Wenze
Success in life entails discovering your potential to do certain things. This calls for setting up of individual plans and goals and working hard towards achieving those goals and plans (Knowledgebase 1). The difference between those who succeed in life and those who do not is that successful people make it their mission to pursue their goals and objectives in life. Before one embarks on pursuing success in life, it is important first to be fully aware of the issues that have thus far hindered your potential to succeed. One of the key hindrances to success in life is false beliefs. This prevents you from achieving your true potential and by extension, your success. It is important therefore to get rid of such false beliefs. Another hindrance to success in life is lack of persistence. All too often, we lose focus of what we want to achieve simply because we have failed on one or several occasions (Harford 25). However, those of us who are persistent enough always succeed in the long run. In his book, ‘Adapt: Why success always starts with failure”, Harford (26) reckons that most business did become successful instantly; rather, it happened after several failed attempts. Those businesses that did not persist perished, while those that ‘hang in there’ succeeded. The fundamental lesson that we can borrow from Harford is that we need to design our own lives in order to gain the most from our failures. Lack of proper planning is also a hindrance to succeeding in life. For example, you must have clear plans and goals about what you want to achieve, and how you intend to achieve it. One of the key steps of succeeding in life is being proactive. What this means is that we should always endeavor to create our own destiny, instead of waiting for others to do so. In other words, deciding on whether to pursue success in life is our choice to make. Successful people always make SMART goals in life. Such goals are specific in nature, can be quantified, are attainable, and can be realized within a given time-frame (Boyle and Tymchuk 71). In order to succeed in life, start by setting goals and plans that you would want to achieve in life. In addition, ensure that you have a roadmap that will enable you to achieve this goal. Another importance thing to do in order to succeed in life is to take immediate and decisive action. Sadly, not many people have the self-drive needed to take decisive action. No matter how good your plan or an idea can look on paper, it is useless if you cannot implement it. In this respect, successful people recognize the need to actualize their plans and getting things done. Another character trait of successful people that is worth emulating is that they are more focused on being productive, as opposed to being busy. Successful people strive to work smarter, as opposed to working
The Mimir Chamber Music Festival was held at PepsiCo Hall in Texas Christian University Fort Worth campus on July 7, 2011. The festival was held as a tradition because it has been taking place annually and each time there is a performance, the performance standard is set higher than the previous. This year’s edition was not different as it attracted a packed house which is a general attest of the kind of reputation the performers have accorded the audience. Artists who availed themselves included Walton and Haydon as well as Taylor. The performance was given enough space and was a combination of the faculty recitals from the artists who had trained for two weeks just to perfect their skills. All the performers were well prepared and from the general outlook, they promised to thrill the audience. They did not contradict that expectation even a single shred and when they were set with their instruments, everyone was eager to be entertained. Objective of the Performance . The String Quartet was the opening performance and was played in F minor and the way they combined with OP. 20 no. 5 made this performance one of its kind. Any audience would have been tempted to think that they had practiced longer than the two weeks they actually had of extensive training. It was Iwasaki who started it all with the sound of the violin capturing the attention of everybody followed by Thompson with more noticeable and brilliant sound. However, the effect that was brought out by the music and the sound was not as appealing or striking as the first sound. It can be said that this effect was brought about by leaning a lot towards the careful side even though the performance was strong enough to be termed excellent. Walton and Haydon brought in three major characteristics of the music which eventually defined the performance of the night. The three characteristics were the dynamics, intonation and ensemble where the intonation was brought about by the string quartet playing, the dynamics brought by the careful modulation and the ensemble bringing in a complete experience in music that is suitable for parents and children. Kirsten Docter brought in humdrum and through the use of her dark, luscious and rich sound, she gave excellent results in her music. During the second performance by Brant Taylor he impressed the crowd by using the Rachmaninoff ripe. Romantic Sonata for cello and the piano played in G minor and Op. 19. He was to be joined by Allessio Brax, a pianist and together, they gave a powerful collaboration especially with their realistic approach to the music. Subjective Description of the Music. Even as I Came out of the hall, I was sure that I had the best performance of the century and I was actually looking forward to future performances perhaps with the same performers. The music was thrilling and what was striking most was how the different performers could come together to do a comb
Introduction Boeing’s Automated Maintenance Environment systems were first tested as a concept in the late 1990s and first installed on passenger aircraft in the early 2000s. These systems assess aircraft systems in four directions – diagnostics, prognostics, condition-based maintenance, and adaptive control. In 2015, Boeing received $ 27 million from the Ministry of Defense to install AME on Boeing military aircraft. Today the company offers installation of Boeing Aircraft Interface Device (AID) systems for production models and modification for non-production models of Boeing passenger aircraft and aircraft from other manufacturers (“Boeing aircraft interface device,” 2021). Therefore, the AME for passenger aircraft was named AID. This paper aims to present the hardware and software requirements for the AME systems, make a competitive analysis of the system and give recommendations for improving the system. Server-Side Hardware Requirements Server-side hardware requirements include placing the system onboard the aircraft. Aircraft Information Management System (AIM) is today the brains of Boeing passenger aircraft, including the Boeing 777 and Boeing 787. It uses ARINC 629 (for Boeing 777) and AIRNC 653 (for other Boeing planes) buses to transfer information. AIM is the hardware that is responsible for the flight and the work of all flight-related systems. The AME – which is the program software service – cooperates with the Integrated Module Avionics (IMA), a
Introduction We often see it being done in movies and in television series for different purposes. We also find it interesting to see mysteries unfold and the truth is known because of this procedure. We always hear the words bug and phone tapped in crime and suspense movies and TV shows. We witness murderers, kidnappers, and their accomplices nabbed by the police because of information gathered through wiretapping. They say the movies and TV shows are reflections of modern society and the existing trends. For the most part, it is true because aside from imagination and creativity, writers get their ideas from what they see and experience around them. This can also be said of authors of books or novels. Wiretapping has always been a technique of surveillance used in crime and suspense novels, and even in romance novels dealing with infidelity. In reality, wiretapping or also referred to as electronic surveillance has been instrumental to countless breakthroughs in legal cases and numerous arrests in criminal proceedings. It has been lauded by some sectors, but it has also received negative criticisms and complaints from various groups. Victims of crimes and their relatives and friends of course favor wiretapping as an added means to capture the perpetrators. People who are at the receiving end or who are targets of surveillance consider wiretapping as an invasion of their privacy. Groups against wiretapping rely on the U.S. Constitution’s Fourth Amendment to support their stand. The Fourth Amendment pertains to “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized” (Amendments to the Constitution). Arguments have been raised regarding the direct relation of the Fourth Amendment under the U.S. Bill of Rights to wiretapping. Since the Amendment is not clear as to the validity or invalidity of wiretapping in connection with the allowable reasons or purposes for the activity, several federal laws or acts were passed to classify and clarify its legality. Some of the federal Acts include The Wire and Electronic Communications Interception and Interception of Oral Communications Act where a judge issues a court order after concluding that a probable cause exists for committing a crime, The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act where wiretapping of aliens or U.S. citizens are allowed provided there is probable cause that they are involved in criminal activities, The Electronic Communications Privacy Act concerning measures regulating access to email, cellular phones, and other electronic communications devices, and The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act where telephone companies are required to design their telephone systems in such a way that government may have wiretapping access for law enforcement purposes (Electronic Surveillance Laws). All the Acts require the presence of a probable ca
The world has experienced dramatic changes in the way business is conducted and also in the way information on a particular event, occurrence or product is disseminated. The world has also experienced great technological advancements that have given people easy accessibility to information on almost everything that a person may be interested in (Waters, Tindall and Morton 2010). This, together with the dynamic force of change that constantly face business world, has led to the need for a new approach in the way a business entity carries out its activities in order to have a successful sales campaign for its products. One way that businesses have responded to the changes in the business world is through the increase in public relation activities which aim at promoting the products to the target markets by engaging in what is valued by the target customers. In public relations, a business aims to achieve the objective of creating a positive relationship between its customers, the product and the organisation itself through various means of communication (Strömbäck, Mitrook and Kiousis 2010). It is also aimed at creating a good image for the organisation, managing any crisis that may face a company or its product and also creating goodwill in the eye of the general public. A business can also create an exchange system between business partners and itself with the aim of achieving mutual benefit for both sides of the bargain. This is referred to as the relationship marketing and is aimed at achieving the objective of creating customer loyalty for products offered by the company, interaction between the company and the market it serves, and the retention of the market share commanded by the company (Botan and Taylor 2004). This objective is achievable through the provision of relevant information to the customers on the products offered by the company and support information about the right usage of such products. This has the ability to create a pool of repeat customers, who are willing to see the success of the company through the provision of relevant information on market needs and referrals. PR as a corporate activity has been impacted heavily by the advancement of technology. With computer terminals having the ability to receive information, edit such information and also to send information, a new approach to PR activities is inevitable. Matters have been complicated by the fact that information on various activities, products, and the industry in general is now available in the data banks over the internet (Grunig 2006). The advancement of technology especially in the communication sector has also affected the way of life of societies besides creating a new pool of opportunities for business organisations. One of the opportunities presented to PR activities is the ability to produce personalized information that target a specific mark
Introduction Background: Global Warming Our Globe is a shell embraced by atmospheric gases. This atmosphere works as a gateway that allows most of the gases to make paths in order to reach the surface of the earth. This light, which comes from the sun to the earth, is absorbed by the surface of the earth after passing through the gateway. The earth coverts that light into heat energy and again send them back into the atmosphere. As a result of the fact that these gases are present in the atmosphere in excessive amount, the heat that is sent back from the surface of the earth is put off by the atmosphere and resulted in heating of the earth. This initiates “Global Warming”. The emission of heat-trapping gases from earth into the environment has caused the increasing warming around the globe producing or caused to be produced by human race resulting in the melting of glaciers and ice, and rising of sea level. Those emissions are called “Greenhouse Gases” levels of which are constantly increasing day by day especially after the advent of 21st century. The term “greenhouse effect” has been the most debated term in the recent years. It defines the warming happening around the globe when those gases, which earth transmits back to the atmosphere, are stuck in the atmosphere. They don’t let heat to escape and hence constantly gathering heat producing gases. The greenhouse effect term surfaced date back to two centuries ago, when in 1824, Joseph Fourier estimated the fact that it is the atmosphere that keeps the world warn otherwise Earth would be freeze to Ice (National Geographic, n.d). Instead of using the term global warming, Scientist use “climate change” as the expression for defining global warming. Owing to reason of using this term as because of the irregular behavior of earth and climate around the global i.e. the cold in some parts, warm in other while drought in one as rain and flood in others. Hence, many parts around the Earth are affected by Global Warming. “Global warming makes the sea rise, and when the sea rises, the water covers many low land islands. This is a big problem for many of the plants, animals, and people on islands” (CEDERE, 2007). As per an illustration, “The water covers the plants and causes some of them to die. When they die, the animals lose a source of food, along with their habitat. Although animals have a better ability to adapt to what happens than plants do, they may die also. When the plants and animals die
Introduction Henry David Thoreau, an American author and philosopher is known for his book, Walden which advocates for simple living. Between 1845 and 1847, he withdrew into the woods where he remained solitary for two years and two months reflecting upon his life and trying to awaken his soul. His greatest conviction was rooted in the elimination of waste in ones life and discovering its true nature by avoiding the illusions that confuse real living. The following is an analysis of what Thoreau meant in this excerpt from Walden. “I know of no more encouraging fact than the unquestionable ability of man to elevate his life by a conscious endeavor. … To affect the quality of the day, that is the highest of arts. Every man is tasked to make his life, even in details, worthy of the contemplation of his most elevated and critical hour.” Thesis Statement In this paper, I will argue the fact that Thoreau was challenging us to be better than we already are. I will show how Thoreau intended us to understand his statements. What Thoreau is asking us to do? Thoreau is taking lead in advocating that people stop committing wholly to their usual stimulants e.g. a cup of coffee (Bode, 342), but rather looks inside of themselves to wake from within, to lift their spirits and make their souls lively rather than their physical bodies. He wants us to acknowledge the fact that the body may be up and about but the spirit remains down and still in deep slumber. He was an advocate of the simple way of life and spiritual awakening was a way he envisaged for the enjoyment of life’s deepest experiences. Thoreau mentions a dawn or a morning but he was neither referring to the sunrise we know of nor was he referring to the early hours of the day we call morning but rather he wanted people to change the way they view their activities and start a fresh, make a change for a different experience (Daily Philosopher 2). The hours of day are quantifiable but Thoreau refers to the depth of the human experiences that give greater joy that are not measurable. “Morning is when I am awake and there is a dawn in me. Moral reform is the effort to throw off sleep. Why is it that men give so poor an account of their day if they have not been slumbering?” (Thoreau 142). Simply, after the spiritual awakening, comes the enjoyment of life and consequently a better quality life. The importance of spiritual awakening to our wellbeing Thoreau further claims that self awakening is something we owe ourselves. In order to be in a position to please others, one must take it upon himself to please his own self. He makes it sound like it is an obligation we owe ourselves, a moral task (Daily Philosopher p. 3) that is the indicator of the quality of the life we live. He sees every human being as a masterpiece, a perfect craft and adds that it is we ourselves who are the artists of our own lives. Thoreau says that the value of a man is not in his skin, that we should touch him (102).