ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Governments throughout the world make promises to eradicate the problems rooted in their society. The average for the number of times they follow through on this is very low especially in less developed and developing countries. In these countries we find active involvement of NGOs to eradicate the problems on a private level when and where the government fails to. Can NGOs be effective in the fight against global crime? In what ways? An NGO by definition is a non-governmental organization that works towards making the lives of people better y concentrating on the root cause of the problem. The functioning of an NGO is dependent upon the funds it receives from the UN, government, organizations, private individuals, and many more sources. (What is an NGO? 2009). The mode of spending these funds has already been assigned and can not be used in any other manner. NGOs focus on a range of causes, from broken families to drug problems, from providing water to villages to providing protection. There is hardly a cause that is not being attended to by an NGO. Plan of Action One of the greatest problems the world is facing at the moment is the increase in the rate of crime all over. The astounding thing is that the increase is not limited to any one kind, but to all sorts of crime. Kidnappings, serial killers, smuggling, rape, identity theft, burglaries, and the list just seems to go on (UNODC and organized crime, 2009). Most people would say that the best way to do away with these problems would be to imprison the criminals involved. But is that really beneficial? And if it who is it beneficial to? Them or the nation? Neither in fact, are benefited. Taxpayers’ money is used in housing them and while in prison, the criminals very rarely are reformed. It is very difficult to calculate exactly how much money is spent on them but a rough estimate is US$ 62.5 billion per year using 1997 statistics. There are NGOs who do focus on trying to reform and help these people become a more productive element of society. The results are very difficult to measure as it is difficult to keep track of all those who have been reformed. Prison is not the answer to correct what has been done. The criminals need to go through an extensive process whereby the main aim should be to get them to understand and convey what the reason is for what they have done. This can be done by holding workshops, one-on-one and group sessions, activities, meditation sessions, and many more. The cost will be there but in the long term, it’ll lead to a better civil society where the roles of the rejected will be much more useful
Harm Reduction Discussion Corporate / scarcity ideologies align with a harm reduction philosophy and policy since the former can affect the latter. These ideologies imply the creation and maintenance of specific ideas, vision, mission, and goals that are to be achieved in medical institutions, especially those paying precise attention to substance abuse prevention and decreasing the treatment with a biomedical model. Móró and Rácz (2013) assume that the mentioned ideologies may be utilized to create an appropriate treatment environment promoted through vision and corporate objectives. Such an approach is likely to assist nurses in understanding what exactly is required to ensure the most effective patient care associated with harm reduction. Addressing social determinants of health may be regarded as harm reduction since this initiative also focuses on the context of drug use. Pauly, Reist, Belle-Isle, and Schactman (2013) emphasize that poverty, homelessness, and other social determinants that impact a person’s decision to use substances are targeted by health care as an attempt to eliminate them in terms of social justice. The promotion of equality in health care services expressed in inequality-responsive care is one of the methods of combating substance abuse. In my practice, I encountered such ethical tension as distrust of patients to harm reduction model that was associated with stigma. Specifically, young adult patients revealed a mismatch between their expectations, needs, and the very logic of the “fixing” method (Lago, Peter, & Bógus, 2017). Therefore, if I were a policymaker, I would propose the creation of specific regulations declaring the necessity of increasing
Most upcoming entrepreneurs with bright business ideas struggle to raise the capital necessary for setting up, running, and expanding their businesses. Small business owners can generate capital either by partnering with potential investors (equity financing) or outsourcing it from lenders (debt financing) (Pinto, 1994). However, securing capital from these sources is not easy. Investors and lenders usually require a solid track record of a company before investing in it. Lenders usually require the company to provide tangible assets as a guarantor for the borrowed money. Commercial banks form the largest percentage of lenders. Not so many small businesses can meet these demands. Therefore, these entrepreneurs remain with limited options for securing capital; possibly internal financing (bootstrap financing). The financial industry has encountered massive challenges in the recent past resulting in credit crunches. Consequently, this has made it hard for entrepreneurs to raise capital from external sources. Another reason stems from the tightening of lending criteria by banks. In addition, venture capitalists and private investors have become more conservative. On the other hand, private companies have grown more cautious, and the issuing of stock remains viable to selected businesses with a proven track record (Parrino et al., 2012). In general terms, small businesses have a small number of employees and realize low turnover. Such businesses seem to be owned by several shareholders or proprietors. Outsourcing capital from external sources like equity financing, venture capitalists, or private investors comes with some preset requirements. Such requirements include better management, steady growth, and fast
Introduction In any business environment, business operators perceive it as a game or a competition where everyone struggles to emerge the winner. Most of the decisions made in the business concerning operations modes come from business owners. Little consideration on matters to do with honesty, fairness, and integrity are done by business owners when making these decisions. This is the reason why there are numerous cases of crisis emerging in business organizations. The presence of many ethical dilemmas in the business calls for business owners to make their decisions honestly, fairly, and with integrity. This is to ensure that no one is adversely affected by decisions made. Some of the issues that arise in the business environment and calls for fairness, honesty, and integrity are intimidating behaviors exhibited in the business, sexual harassment, discrimination as well as conflict of interest. The difficulties In the business environment, it is difficult to identify behaviors that are seen to be abusive or intimidating. This is because different people have different ways of taking things in the business. Some of the actions considered to be intimidating include physical threats, yelling at employees, vulgarity, and ignoring people in business. The use of vulgar language among people in a business environment is very common. To some, this is common and they do not take the issue seriously. However, there are those in the business who are not used to such habits (Ferrell, Fraedrich & Ferrell, 2009, p. 83). Using this language when working with them would appear odd. Such people become annoyed and feel uncomfortable in such an environment. It becomes hard for them to be productive. When one is dealing with his or her employees, it is imperative to ensure that he or she has clearly understood what is good for them and what is wrong for them. This will ensure that every employee is treated fairly in the business. Using threats on employees may make them feel not at ease whenever they are at work. This may make them doubt your integrity leading to them failing to be loyal to you. Integrity is one of the pillars
Executive Summary The study entails a critical country risk analysis on Qatar. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of risk that Exin Global might encounter by entering the Qatari market. The study focuses on different categories of risk. The core categories include the firm-specific risk or the micro risk, country-specific risk and global specific risks. The firm-specific risk identifies the political risks that the firm might encounter in the host country. The likelihood of encountering goal conflict by entering into the target market is minimal because of the support given to foreign investments. The Qatari government promotes foreign investment through the foreign investment law. Moreover, the company’s success in the new market will also arise from the strong cultural and institutional frameworks. For example, the legal framework in Qatar promotes investment by enacting intellectual property laws hence protecting innovation. An efficient banking and financial system further characterize the country and it promotes currency convertibility. The high rate of globalization, an increase in environmental concern such as climate change, and cyber crime might affect the firm’s operational efficiency both in the local and foreign markets. Introduction Domestic and international market expansion is one of the most effective ways through which companies can achieve profit and wealth maximization. Exin Global is a multinational corporation established in the UAE’s consumer goods industry. The company specializes in the manufacture of household care products. The company’s Chief Executive Officer is interested in the company’s growth through international market expansion. The CEO is specifically interested in the firm’s expansion into Qatar as one of the emerging economies. However, some of the firm’s directors are concerned with the business risk exposure that might arise from venturing into some countries. This aspect underscores the importance of understanding the country risk before the firm’s actual market entry. As a member of the company’s Business Development Committee, I have been tasked with the role of providing a broad country risk analysis for the most viable country that the firm should consider entering. PESTLE analysis of Qatar Political and legal environment Qatar has adopted a monarchical system of government. Moreover, the Qatar government identifies investment and international trade as one of the fundamental components in promoting a country’s economic growth. Subsequently, the country is characterized by minimal bureaucracies that hinder foreign investment. The Qatar government through the Ministry of Economy and Commerce has simplified the procedures required for foreign investors to establish a business in Qatar. However, foreign businesses are required to apply for a license from the relevant government departments depending on their intended business activity. Qatar has established strong political relations with
Power is the ability of a state to exert changes or simply make changes with the potential to sustain control over other states. International politics is completely based upon the balance of power. The war that has made the contemporary world an inferno includes states and non-state actors. The power capabilities take the form of a hard or soft state. Hard power refers to measurable assets while soft power means the ability of a state to make differences without exerting pressure. In this paper, we shall discuss the five levels of analysis of a state and also discuss the differences and similarities between hard power and soft power at each of the five levels of the analysis of a state. The measurable asset of the state is its hard power such as military power or economic growth that initiates the process of power exertion over other states (Duncan, Jancar-Webster, and Switky). While the soft power enables the state to achieve the desire through co-option and adherence to the attractive national character and national morale. Pakistan is a state that could be easily analyzed under the five levels of analysis. At the state level which means that the cause of the conflict is due to the human nature of an individual. Pakistan is a democratic country but martial law has been imposed on the state. The country is ruled by the general of the military where the hard power is exercised within the state and on the other states as well. Such as the Kashmir issue between India and Pakistan which enables both the states to exert military forces. As a result, Kashmir is under no rule and governance. While in this level the soft power decreases due to the national morale of the state that it can only be lead by the military. This decreases the soft power of Pakistan. Pakistan being a technologically advanced country has often been lead through a dictatorship that indicated the individual level of analysis (Olson). At this level, the hard power that is the use of military pressure affects trade and privatization. At this level, the market and industry can play an efficient role to attract the public sector and persuade them to ask for the rights to transfer the governmental function to the private sector. At the system level, the Islamic repu
In the implementation of various policies in rural places, some issues may occur. These issues are caused by the fact that there are numerous definitions of a rural area that can be defined in various ways. Indeed, Krout and Hash reveal compositional, ecological, behavioral, and social, and economic factors of determining rural places (2015). Therefore, it is challenging for people to understand if they live in a rural or urban location. These challenges affected my experience of professional relationships with older adults. As someone who has quite extensive experience of working with older adults and elderly patients (45-100 years) in the oncology, medical-surgical nursing, and telemetry units, I have to confirm that meeting the needs of patients in a rural setting requires more consistency in patient-nurse communication. Last summer I was volunteering in one of the hospitals in my city, where people from all the neighboring districts come to receive medical services. The administration of the hospital decided to conduct a patient satisfaction survey for older adults. These types of surveys aim to identify gaps and develop an effective plan for quality improvement in the hospital (Al-Abri, & Al-Balushi 2014). I was asked to collect information about the patients who are older than 65 using individual questionnaires. This age group was chosen to find out if patients experience any specific difficulties due to their age while obtaining medical services. One of the questions included in these surveys was about interviewees’ areas of living. Unfortunately, the majority of people did not know if their residence could be considered rural or urban. This led to the situation when some people just missed the question or refused to continue participation in the interview. Moreover, I, personally, did not enjoy conducting surveys in the hospital because in most cases, people are busy or do not feel well enough to spend their time answering questions.
Introduction Nationalism remains a powerful force that continues to influence human relations across the globe. Unfortunately, it is a critical issue that has not received as much attention as it deserves, especially after the end of the Second World War in 1945. This gap explains why sociologists and researchers are currently focusing on the subject in order to understand its role in the contemporary world. Using various examples from different periods, this paper explains why nationalism should be studied as both a liberating and enslaving force. Nationalism as a Liberating and Enslaving Force The word “nationalism” is defined as any form of devotion or loyalty to a given country (Bruenig, 2018). Its unique aspects include exalting one’s country above others, promoting its cultural practices, and strengthening national awareness. This means that the attributes of other cultures or nations are accorded only secondary importance or treated as irrelevant. Many politicians have used nationalism to drive their agendas or encourage their followers to embrace their leadership philosophies. Some have also gone further and confused it with the concept of patriotism. The discussion presented below describes how nationalism can liberate and at the same time enslave people. Nationalism: A Liberating Force Throughout the nineteenth century, European philosophers developed various concepts in an attempt to reorganize their respective societies. Liberal nationalism and Marxism are some of the ideas that became common during the time. One striking feature was that they both focused on the challenges affecting different European peoples, including exploitation and oppression. Many liberal nationalists were convinced that the right time had come to do away with every autocratic government (Tornimbeni, 2018). In France, the people managed to overthrow an oppressive regime that made it impossible for them to lead satisfying lives. The French Revolution would eventually become a model for formulating contemporary laws and establishing freethinking democracies across the globe. Nationalism can therefore be viewed as a powerful liberating force. After independence from the major colonial powers such as Germany, France, and Britain, many governments in Asia and Africa introduced democratic concepts to their people (Quimpo, 2016). The ideals of nationalism continued to reinforce evidence-based practices such as shared decision-making, democratic election of leaders, equal rights for minority groups, and promotion of balanced welfare policies. Such achievements made it possible for many people to lead fulfilling lives, pursue their potential, and live as free global citizens. In the recent past, the upheavals associated with the Arab Spring of 2011 can be used to explain how nationalism can be a liberalizing force. Several Arab nations, including Libya and Egypt, experienced government transitions and regime changes within less than a decade (Wien, 2017). These occurrences came as a result of ideals that borrowed abundantly from the notions of Islamic nationalism. The people of these nations wanted to create or secure
The debate on whether video games are considered forms of protected speech has been ongoing, as there is a large number of violent games that are seen as harmful for younger audiences. In 2011, the Supreme Court held that video games fall under the category of protected free speech. Thus, laws, such as the California 2005 law, that would prohibit the sales of violent video games to minor individuals without the supervision or consent of their parents or guardians would be considered unconstitutional (Patel). Similar to protected literature, plays, and movies that have existed long before video games, the latter also transfer ideas and social messages with the help of multiple literary devices. Such devices may include music, characters, dialogue, and plot, which go hand-in-hand with players’ interactions with the virtual world. These characteristics of video games, whether violent or not, suffice to confer their protection under the First Amendment, which means that no restrictions should be allowed. It is important to protect video games under Constitutional free speech law because, no matter how violent and graphic they may be, they represent an integral element of current culture. Video games, the same way as movies or books, provide social commentary on the current ways of life. Moreover, they represent “new ways to explore human relationships and the wider world” (Schiesel). Therefore, critics of the Constitutional free speech law protection of video games should understand that video games can be learning tools for future generations. They do not encourage violence or unlawful behaviors among youth; rather, they provide a perspective on the reasons for violence among people and teach a lesson about the consequences of one’s actions. Works Cited Patel, Nilay. “ Supreme Court Says Video Games Are Protected Free Speech, California Can’t Regulate Sales of Violent Games: A Complete Analysis .” The Verge . 2011. Web. Schiesel, Seth. “ Supreme Court Has Ruled: Now Games Have a Duty. ” The New York Times . 2011. Web.
When expanding to the global market, Starwood should adopt an integrated brand management/ market entry strategy; when using the plan, the company will concentrate on using brand extension strategy and adoption of a global brand. When using brand extension strategy, the management will be dwelling on the strength of its current brand; the same brands should be tested with some minor adjustments in Dubai, Doha, and Jordan. The marketing team should also understand that its captures the demands of the market; this will happen through developing new products and service delivery strategies. When expanding to the global market, the Starwood Hotels has the option of using local partnership strategies or direct investments. Looking at the nature and current trends in the global hospitality industry, it would be advisable for the company to use local partners’ method. The main advantage of using the method is that they will get into partnership with companies that are already established in the markets; such companies will offer the management quality advises and recommendations on how they can improve their sales. Existing companies understand the market situations, thus when using them for expansion, the management will not incur much on ground breaking costs. When engaging in domestic or international partnership or joint venture business, there are always some challenges that organizations must cover. The main challenge that the business styles have is how to manage their diverse nature; people from different areas have different understanding of issues; for instance Starwood Hotels have their management styles that it must fit with its partner company. Some areas that might be challenging to rhyme yet they are important in the management of the company involve organizational culture, and human resources management policies. When a company has developed new products, the initial stage involves aggressive marketing, sales and promotions. The target or the main focus is on ensuring that consumers get to learn of the existence of the products. With that notion, the management should first not expand the new unique products; focus should first be on creating awareness. With the limited expansion, the management can use different channeling methods. To be competitive, organizations are required to differentiate their products from those offered by competitors; with the realization, the company has to devise mechanisms that will make