ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Introduction The cases involving issues associated with the contract law are rather controversial and debatable because of a lot of details and conditions that can influence the decision. Burt, a male taking the leading position in the company located in New York, planned the vacation and asked his 16-year old intern and assistant Amy to choose the trip for him and sign the required agreements. The problem was in the fact that Burt decided to cancel the vacation, and he needed to receive the refund related to the reservation payments. Besides, he planned to receive the full refund for goods purchased for the trip. However, it is important to state that Burt decided to cancel the trip only five days before the scheduled date, and he faced a challenge to get back his payments and deposits. The paper aims to present the analysis of the case and provide recommendations for Burt to follow to resolve the situations with benefits for him. What do you advise Burt about the validity of his agency agreement with Amy and why? Agreements and contracts can be discussed as valid only when the following seven conditions are met: offer, acceptance, consideration, legality, capacity, consent, and writing (Mann & Roberts, 2012, p. 121). In the case of the agreement between Tours and Amy, the important condition of the party’s capacity was not addressed because Amy as a 16-year old girl should be regarded as a minor. In this context, a minor is a person who is under the age of 18, and who has no legal rights to sign valid contracts (Beatty & Samuelson, 2015, p. 235). From this point, the made agreement should be discussed as an avoidable contract that can be canceled only by Amy (Beatty & Samuelson, 2015, p. 317). Therefore, Burt is right to state that the agreement is not valid, and he can ask Amy to disaffirm the agreement and focus on the restitution. A minor can terminate the agreement without concentrating on the time limits represented in the contract (Beatty & Samuelson, 2015, p. 317). The main support for these decisions is the fact that the discussed agreement is voidable. What do you advise Burt about Tours’ authority to make reservations/contracts on his behalf and why? Tours can make a contract on behalf of Burt, but in this case, the man should sign the document ensuring that Tours has such a duty. He also could ask the representative to sign the agreement. Still, Amy cannot be discussed as a legal representative for Burt because she is a minor (Beatty & Samuelson, 2015, p. 427). In the case of Burt, there is no valid agreement, and it is impossible to speak about the conditions related to the tourist. Besides, there are no sanctions regarding the cancellation policy and related to Burt. The man should accentuate the fact that he did not agree with Tours to reserve a room in the Hotel, and he did sign the contract. The signature made by Amy cannot be discussed as authorized or valid because t
Racism, or prejudice and discrimination based on a person’s race, is severely detrimental to every facet of society, including the social, economic, political and cultural spheres. In particular, its impact on healthcare should be noted. Generally, the presence of racism in the medical sphere affects not only the relationship between the a professional and their patient, but also the quality of care people receive and the severity of their outcomes. Firstly, racism coming from a healthcare professionals makes it more likely for them to mistreat a patient, either on purpose or accidentally. An inability to consider another person as an equal and as a human being in need of proper support leads many medical workers to overlook their patient’s health complaints or perform operations in a way that can be detrimental to a patient’s wellbeing. Additionally, racism can influence the course of diagnosis, contributing to biased results and incorrect judgements. As noted by research, people of color are systematically subject to worsened health outcomes, as a result of a number of factors, including racism in the healthcare sphere (Imhoff, 2020). As a systematic and historical issue, racism also has a large influence on people’s health. Minority groups, in particular black and Hispanic people, have historically been unable to receive the sufficient level of care and support from the medical community, in some cases even resulting in medical mistreatment and inhumane acts. The trend has resulted in certain groups of people being disproportionally affected by health problems, and in an increased distrust towards the medical community. Both of these conclusions stem primarily from the racism of the past and the injustices experienced by people based on their race. The discrepancy in standing, living conditions and opportunities given to people of color contributes to worsened health outcomes.
Introduction The 18 th century intellectuals developed an idea of human history that is commonly known as the enlightenment. The initiative contributed to a relatively free and stable Western civilization that is being enjoyed today. Those supporters of the Enlightenment idea were known as Enlightenment thinkers, they believed in a predictable and absolute reality that was supported through the coherent and natural laws. Enlightenment movement changed quite a number of the rights that protected the life of human beings, their properties, the pursuit for happiness and freedom of expression (Fiero, p.52). Enlightenment thinkers therefore maintained that no one, neither private criminals nor government, had to violate such rights with a view that the rights are achieved from nature and not from fellow people thus being referred to as natural rights. They considered the natural rights as something that need not to be taken away, although it can be violated rendering that particular person into an ultimate immorality. The Enlightenment developed man’s liberty that enabled him to tell whatever that was in mind as well as publish the ideas by use of own property. It also criticized the government censorship and application of force against the free idea expressions; involved in religious bigotry as well as intolerance (Hewitt, p. 276). The private domain was the main controller of religion and the moral obligations rather than being left to the government authorities. The Enlightenment thinkers supported the individual association idea and they completely fledged the property rights, enabling the free trade markets. The Enlightenment resulted into a period of shrinking government, high level of tolerance and liberty which that created much freedom for commercial transactions. The role of Industrial revolution in shaping modern society As a result of Enlightenment, the creative entrepreneurs as well as thinkers enjoyed the high freedom benefits that were brought in by the Enlightenment thinkers, enabling them to apply the newly acquired liberty to invent advance technologies and the ideas which initiated the achievement of Industrial revolution. The industrial revolution of that took place between the 19 th and 18 th centuries led to the contemporary global prosperity and development opportunities (Fiero, p.52). The contribution of Mary Wollstonecraft, the Enlightenment thinker in women’s Movement The global issues of feminism and the social movements greatly promoted the people-ideas movements across the entir
Introduction The ocean is among the most important natural resources bestowed upon mankind. It has extensive benefits to human life and it provides a wonderful ecosystem in which other organisms live. The following are some examples of the benefits that the ocean has on human life ( 2 ). The ocean is extensively used for transportation of bulky goods over long distances. It is also a very valuable source of a number of minerals and crude oil. Most of these minerals are found in deep sea. Examples of these oceanic minerals include cobalt, salt, iron, copper, manganese etc. The ocean is also a valuable recreation site for human beings. It provides a serene environment that acts as an attraction to people on holidays seeking relaxation. The ocean is also a source of organisms with useful medical value. It also regulates the level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by taking atmospheric carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen. This is a very important input in the efforts towards reduction of the levels of global warming. Lastly, the ocean is a very important source of biodiversity ( 1 ). It provides organisms that have great value to human life. The most commendable among the benefits of marine life to human life are the fact that marine life can act as food and the fact that some oceanic organisms have medicinal value. Living resources of the ocean The marine habitat harbors a large percentage of the earth’s cumulative population of plants and animals. Over one million animal species and plant species have already been discovered and scientists have estimated that an extra nine million species are still living in the marine biome without human discovery. Garrison, Tom. Esse
Introduction The department of asset management is responsible for the oversight of asset financial performance, governance of assets, the investment and de-investment of assets, and merger and acquisition of assets among many other jobs that fall under strategy assessment management. The specific functions assigned to each office include: The Department of Planning This office engages in many activities that mainly have to do with the future of the company’s assets. Among the specific responsibilities are:   * Coming up with long-term strategies for the company   * Evaluating resources and making recommendations on tradeoffs   * The maintenance of all the systems of management including PONTIS, HERS and pavement management   * The selection of projects for the company   * The development of STIP   * Gathering the conditions of systems   * Maintenance of all inventories of the company’s assets (Loistl and Petrag 67) The Department of Design The department mainly ensures that the systems are up to date. Other specific functions include:   * The coordination of the designs of treatment and its timing in association with members of the asset management staff   * Timely delivery of treatments   * Checking and working with current estimates   * Using current mix designs and types of treatment   * Upgrading standards, manuals and designs in line with the most recent strategies of asset management (Loistl and Petrag 67) The Department of Construction Among other functions, the department engages in:   * Aligning the methods and means of construction with the available specifications and standards of the company   * Accepting materials that meet the specifications of asset management and rejecting those th
One of the most shameful stains on the American history and one of the heaviest burdens borne by the American nation historically is the way the federal government treated Native Americans for many decades from the 17th century. Native Americans were persecuted, chased out of their lands, deprived of what they had, and forbidden to practice their culture. The federal government constantly saw a threat in the Native American populations and was greedy for their property, which is why the rights of those people were repeatedly violated, and even the most important right—the right to life. A 2009 series of documentaries titled We Shall Remain is dedicated to the history of Native Americans, and its third episode, The Trail of Tears , is particularly about the forced removal of Cherokee from their lands in the southeastern territories of the United States in the 1830s. In this episode, Russell G. Townsend, a historic preservationist, said, “What we [the Americans] did in the 1830s to the southeastern Indians, it is ethnic cleansing.” Based on the evidence presented in the documentary, I agree with Townsend. Ethnic cleansing is defined as making a particular population more homogeneous through oppressing and repressing a weaker ethnic group by a stronger one. The federal government did both oppressing and repressing, as the Indian population was not only forced to live by the rules of the white people but also constantly persecuted, and the forced removal of Cherokee, known as the Trail of Tears, is an example of how it was carried out. The removal was designed as an act of oppression, and it was implemented in a cruel way, which is why it fully qualifies for being considered ethnic cleansing. This idea can be supported by two things: the decision to remove Cherokee and the way it was implemented. First of all, it should be discussed what the federal government pursued with the removal. There were two main reasons: to chase Indians farther so that they become a lesser threat and to take away their property. As it is put in the documentary, “White settlers began to close the circle, ‘like vultures,’ said one federal officer, ‘ready to strip the Cherokee of everything they have.’” This intention of the government should be definitively condemned because no people should be removed from where they live and robbed, but it is not only the intention that made the Trail of Tears such a tragic page of the American history—it is the implementation, too. Cherokee were not only told to leave and robbed, but also removed with cruelty and under inhumane conditions. As a result, approximately 4,000 Cherokee died in the process. It is also noteworthy that the Cherokee population that lived in the southeastern territories had adopted the “whites’ lifestyle,” and they lived by the rules of the federal government, which is why it can be doubted that they were a threat to the United States in any way. And even if they had been, the way they were removed was a crime against humanity. I agree with Townsend who said, “The United States gained a lot of land, and farms, and taverns, and ferries, and things like that. But a l
For a very legitimate reason, the United Arab Emirates are strongly associated with the Muslim religion and its attributes, i.e., the Quran, the almighty Allah, the Sunnis and the Shiits, etc. However, very little attention is given to another widespread religion, whose adepts also inhabit the UAE. Christianity, the second most popular religious movement in the world, can also be found in some of the regions of the UAE in general and Dubai in particular. In his recent book, Christianity in the UAE: Culture and heritage , Thompson comments on the situation regarding the specified issue, explaining the current problems that the Christian people face in Dubai and providing the ways to solve these issues. One of the doubtlessly positive aspects of Thompson’s book is that the author explores the relationships between the Muslims and the Christians beyond the traditional scope in which these relationships are usually considered. It is rather inspiring to avoid diving into historical clashes between the two nations and learn about the bonds of friendship, tolerance and assistance that have grown between the two cultures over decades. While it is clear that Thompson’s book was intended at convincing the readers about the necessity to establish even stronger bonds with the UAE, to his credit, Thompson handled this task very well. The author offers extensive examples of the points of contact for the Muslims and the Christians to start their reconciliation with, and provides the ways for the people of completely different religions and philosophies to befriend each other. It must be admitted, though, that the research has its undeniable flaws. To start with, though Thompson clearly aims at being objective, since he tries to encompass both the concerns of the Christians in the realm of the Muslim world (Thompson, 2011), as well as the opinions of the Muslims concerning the Christian diaspora in the center of Dubai. Sadly enough, Thompson lacks objectivity in his crusade to display the actual state of the Christian people in the Muslim environment. One should realize, though, that the task set by the author is extremely complicated; religious conflicts have been out there for years, and a mere attempt to adopt an unbiased approach towards them counts as a successful endeavor. Anyway, Thompson’s approach seems to lack objectivity. The given feature of Thompson’s work can be traced in such specifics of his work as the overview of the major complexities in the relationships between the Christians and the Muslims.
Introduction The movie Good Night and Good Luck created by Clooney was demonstrated to the world in 2005. It is a significant film devoted to the theme of struggle faced in modern world between journalism and generally recognized famous people. The film was produced in black and white; it provides the reflection of time through the conflicting strategies aimed against communism era and American old fashioned life of the society. Discussion The period of communism radical accusations demonstrated in the movie was directed to people having small communism ties. The process of making career by Senator Joseph McCarthy was interacted with television campaigns and strategies developed by journalist Edward R. Murrow. The theme covers political activities and the role of television in the 50s in the USA. Murrow managed to challenge exaggerated McCarthy’s notions as to the role of Communism infiltrating American feel-good utopia and old-fashioned social life. The issues was that Communist impacts touched everyday ethical norms of American society interfering with established and recognized standards. The movie shows that Friendly and Murrow faced news team hesitations taking on McCarthy. The project was too complic
Summary of Teaching Plan The teaching plan was developed to enlighten members of society on how to respond to emergency cases that require the provision of first aid. The teaching plan will target members of the society who are above 17 years. The lessons will be approached from two perspectives. The first groups that will be targeted with this knowledge are individuals who are at institutions of higher learning. It is expected that the target group will include learners in high school and college levels. Managing this group would be easy because the lessons can be incorporated into their normal syllabus. It is also easy to find a large group of learners in schools, making the process of enlightening this first group easy. The second group includes members of the society who are not in learning institutions. These are individuals who are working or are engaged in other activities within society. Finding this group is not as easy as it is to find the first group (Lundy & Janes, 2009). In order to manage them, learning will be offered at social institutions, especially in the workplaces, in churches, and other religious institutions. It is only at these places that adults converge quite often. The lessons will be offered once a week to both groups for a period of six weeks. It will cover all the six units that they are expected to cover. The first three weeks will involve theoretical work that will be done in a classroom setting. The last three weeks will involve practical work on how these community members can respond to cases of emergency in case a disastrous event takes place. The seventh week will be administering the test to determine if the learners have been able to grasp the knowledge that was passed. Epidemiological Rationale for Topic Natural calamities and terrorist attacks have affected members of society in various ways. It is worrying that a majority of people in the society lack basic skills to offer professional help to victims of disastrous events. In fact, Stewart (2004) says that in most cases, the presence of people in such scenes always worsens the situation. It is so because the majority of such people go there, not with a view of offering help, but to witness the tragedy so that they can give a first-hand report about it. Some of those who are moved by pity and decide to help do not have knowledge on how to handle victims. For this reason, their efforts only add to the pain and more harm to the victims. This lesson aims at addressing this issue so that we can have resourceful members of society who can offer professional help to the victims before they can be taken to hospitals for further medical check-ups. The focus group includes all members of the society who are above 17 years. Terrorism has become a real threat in society. The decision to focus on members of the society who are above 15 years was because they are energetic individuals who have the capacity to offer first aid. It is also expected that this resourceful group will be able to pass the knowledge they learn from this lesson to other members of the society who were not able to attend the teaching s
Introduction To promote the solution of global health issues, several programs and foundations are created regularly. Some programs turn out to be successful steps in preventing dangerous diseases, and some campaigns can lead to unpredictable failure. In this paper, the analysis of several case studies about cultural competence will be discussed to clarify how to achieve positive results and reduce the wasting of resources. Things to Learn After reading several case studies about culture and its impact on the development of different plans and guidelines, I have learned three important lessons. Resource Wasting Sometimes, people cannot even understand why and when they waste resources. It usually happens because of the lack of knowledge (Unite for Sight, 2015). Therefore, lifelong education important despite professional growth, and experience is the first thing to learn. Sanitation Many cultures are exposed to poor waste and sanitation, and about 40% of the global population cannot improve the conditions under which they have to live (Skolnik, 2016). Though it is easy to introduce solutions and offer options (Lincoln, 2011; USAID, 2011), not all organizations pay their attention to the financial aspects of the population. Not all people can allow buying expensive tools and technologies to protect themselves against environmental harm. Healthcare workers must think about the impact of culture and race on the financial status of potential users. Cultural Sensitivity It is a real discovery for me that traditions can determine the process of vaccination so much. The first case study helps me learn how to use cultural beliefs and convince people to take the correct steps. Vaccination has to be promoted among the population, and if respect to traditions has to be demonstrated, it cannot be neglected. Things to Use in Practice Several interesting approaches are introduced in the case
When America’s founding fathers wanted to create their new constitution, they primarily relied on Rome’s reliability and practicality, although they were careful not to copy everything. The founders inspired Rome’s religious tolerance, military strategies, philosophy, government, symbolism, and everyday life. There were similarities between the Roman Republic and the United States in the mentioned areas to some extent. There are reasons why some civilizations are remembered more than others. Specifically, the Roman civilization left a great legacy behind, which is why it is regarded as the greatest ever civilization in the world (Mocci, 2020). Many precedents formed during this time are still famous today and stand even after the demise of the Roman republic, showing an example of purpose and determination. It is imperative to have extensive knowledge of past origins and history to have an accurate and clear understanding of modern situations. When faced with the daunting task of forming a working government in America, founding fathers such as Thomas Jefferson, James Madison knew the importance of making a working legacy. In this situation, Rome provided insight into social and political dimensions.