ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
The sensing characteristics of the proposed system can be seen through the components included in such system. The temperature sensors, in that regard, are mostly based on sensing the changes in materials, as the temperature of the materials change 1 . Accordingly, the method for the implementation of temperature sensing features vary as well, including bimetallic strips, liquid and gas expansion devices, e.g. thermometer, and thermocouples. The sensing elements are only a part of a measurement unit, which if put in sequenced order are followed by signal conditioning element, signal processing element, data presentation element, and the output value. Thermocouples as temperature sensors are mostly used in industrial settings, where the range of temperatures is related to the metals used. The work principle in thermocouples is based on measuring the differences in temperature that produce specific measurable voltages. Another important measuring principle can be seen through the usage of Zener diodes. Such diodes rely on the avalanche effect in a way that applying increasing reverse partial discharge (p.d.) to the diode there is no current the avalanche until the avalanche p.d. is reached. Such diodes and their corresponding principle are implemented in the LM135/LM235/LM335 and LM135A/LM235A/LM335A series of popular precision temperature sensors produced by National Semiconductor. In such sensors, the breakdown voltage is “directly proportional to the absolute temperature, where the different models of the series merely differ in their temperature range. The approaches used to sense gas and smoke vary as well, where different approaches are proposed in the literature. One of the approaches proposed in Albornoz, Munoz, Moreno, Berga, and Anton (2008) is the usage of resistance-to-frequency conditioning circuits (p. 91). Such topology provides several advantages, among which are the price, the simplicity of the microcontroller and digital interfaces, and the absence of a necessity for analogue and digital converters. However, it should be noted that there are other typologies that might be used as well, such as resistance-to-time typology and frequency converters-based typologies. Another approach outlined in Rostedt et al. (2009) is the usage of particle concentration measurement. Although such approach is mostly used to measure specific gases, e.g. engines’ exhaust, aerosol, etc, the main principles can be used to measure any concentration of particles, where experimental measures might be used to set the threshold of the system. The sensor type in such system might include opacimeter and filter smoke number (FSN), and a more modern technique such as laser induced incandescence. In terms of light sensors, such devices are usually one of the cheapest and the simplest, which inclusion can be seen in many different products. The principles of light sensors work vary as w
Historically Black Colleges and Universities have played a vital role in the life of the nation since their earliest days in the 1800s. Although a few, including Cheney State, were founded in the period before Emancipation, many were founded in the years towards the end of the Civil War, and soon thereafter. Thus, many of these institutions have had nearly a century and a half to accumulate an admirable record of accomplished alumni/ae. Their fields of endeavor span the earth, and, literally, the heavens. Fortunately, these institutions continue to offer students the tools to go on and achieve in all walks of life. Perhaps the best-known alumnus of any HBCU is the civil rights leader, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. , who attended Morehouse College. Other prominent civil rights figures came from Alabama State University, including Ralph David Abernathy, former head of the NAACP, Fred Gray, the lawyer who represented Rosa Parks, and Fred Shuttlesworth, founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Council. Booker T. Washington, one of the last of the pioneering civil rights leaders to have been born into slavery, attended Hampton University. He went on to lead The Tuskegee Institute as its first president. West Virginia State University produced Leon Sullivan, whose anti-apartheid Sullivan principles changed the way that large institutions looked at ethical investing. Reverend Sullivan also worked tirelessly for economic development and independence in the African American community, finally succeeding in establishing a black-owned and operated shopping mall in North Philadelphia. More recently, Marian Wright Edelman, an alumna of the all-female Spelman College, turned her activist attentions to the rights and plight of young people and founded the Children’s Defense Fund. For her achievements, she won the MacArthur Prize, the Heinz Award, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. HBCUs also graduated folks who made history in law, such as Lincoln University alumnus Thurgood Marshall, the first African American Supreme Court Justice . They also include Norma Holloway Johnson, the Federal judge who handed down the ruling in the probe by Kenneth Starr of President Clinton’s activities, and who graduated from The University of the District of Columbia Many public servants in other fields are HBCU graduates. Consider, for example, Louis Sullivan, Health and Human Services Secretary, and a Surgeon General – David Satcher, both Morehouse alums. Even Barack Obama, the ultimate lifelong public servant, holds an honorary law degree from Morehouse! Other alumni/ae of HBCUs have also been prominent in politics, for example, successful businessman and presidential candidate Herman Cain, who graduated from Morehouse College. An additional example of political alumni/ae is Luke Torian
Introduction The Clifford and James philosophies on beliefs have various elements attached to their assertions. The most notable aspect of the ideology is the fact that beliefs exist when there is evidence. The theory emphasizes on the need for justification to support every belief. Numerous words have been used to describe the assertions. The most notable aspect is evidentialism. According to Clifford, a belief that is without evidence is immoral. In addition, Clifford indicated that when a belief lacks evidence it becomes irrational. Clifford’s and William’s Arguments There are different arguments that dispute and contradict Clifford’s theory. William James contends that a belief should not be based on evidence alone. James has acknowledged the criticism leveled against Clifford. However, the theories from the two individuals are closely related. For James, the aspect of believing in truth is a fact of his theory. In assessing the theory of Clifford, it is clear that Clifford has his theory based on the fear of error. I strongly believe that the theory, which is based on having sufficient evidence to support a belief, is not practical. Thus, there are situations in which the belief does not require evidence. The Clifford theory seems to have generalized the belief. According to Clifford, beliefs dictate the individual’s behaviors in day-to-day activities. The beliefs of individuals are intertwined with the individual’s actions. From this notion, it is obvious that human beings may not do things depending on their beliefs. In some circumstances, room for doubt dictates that individuals should choose their actions depending on their doubts. In situations whereby the belief conflicts with a doubt, doubt takes precedence over belief. According to Clifford, a single belief is linked to numerous beliefs. I think that the notion is overstretched and cannot be confirmed. In this case, significance of evidence in supporting a belief is required every time. There are beliefs that have stood independently. The theory that a belief can be attached to those people who follow it is untrue. People can be living together or socially interacting but have different beliefs. The belief of a person may not affect the character of other people. I maintain that the argument asserting that a belief is held by a person in trust for the public is highly questionable because the public does not have beliefs. There are numerous misconceptions about beliefs as stated by Clifford. On the other hand, in his literature to support the will to believe, William James noted that living is an option whereby one chooses, and the belief is guided by the option that one takes. He also maintained that there are situations that do not require choice, and a person is forced to make the choices. I agree with William James’ concept regarding b
What is your response to the Quotation? The quotation appears to address the issue of individualism and the feeling of being self-sufficient in religious matters. Merton disproves the issue of mankind living in individuality without affirming other members of society because they belong to other religions. Mankind cannot live in isolation because he needs others to grow both spiritually and emotionally (Hopfe & Woodward, 2012). The Bible provides that Jesus the Christ is the vine and the Christians are the branches. This means that everyone has a different role to play in the body of Christ to accomplish the will of God. Actually, Merton’s word centers on the issue of different religious groups and how combining them can help individuals learn and grow. It is God’s desire for mankind to treat each other with respect and love. Therefore, instead of refuting other religious groups, it is prudent to learn and understand their beliefs and allow them to serve their purpose since they have a purpose to play in the journey of faith (Hopfe & Woodward, 2012). However, it is vital to learn how to separate truth from heresy and request God’s power to help in making the separations. In the religious journey, religious groups need to grow together because God alone has the power to do the final separation between the true and false religion. What people need to do is to trust in God and be faithful to him and stop passing judgments over other religions, which practice different beliefs from theirs. Religious criticism is good, but it should be done in a manner that does not pass judgment over the other religion because the judgment of any kind belongs to God. Actually, one cannot affirm everything other religion offers, but affirming the common roots like the story of creation, salvation, and God’s covenant with the great grandfather Abraham is a good way to grow as believers. Affirming the truth in another religion and using it to grow your faith is a good approach to religious growth (Clooney, 2010). No one should discriminate against the other on the basis of their religion, culture, or belief because everyone belongs to one supreme God, who is the beginner of religion (Hopfe & Woodward, 2012). No matter what your Religious Faith may be, what is your Present Viewpoint toward our Shared task? Actually, people argue that it does not matter what religion one follows, but what matters is the belief and the faith one has in God. In fact, faith is cultivated through individual efforts by studying the inspired word of God and asking the spirit of God to guide you in revealing the true religion that is acceptable before Him (Hopfe & Woodward,
Description of the observation The lesson that I observed was aimed at illustrating the distributive properties of multiplication. I can say that the teacher relied on the so-called path-smoothing model. The main peculiarity of this technique is that the educator first identified the type of problems that had to be solved and explained the method for doing such tasks. This model can be useful because, in this way, the teacher can identify possible challenges that learners can face and help them avoid these difficulties (Ernest & Greer, 2002). Later students were able to work on a set of exercises that enabled them to better understand the nature of distributive properties and apply their knowledge. During this lesson, the teacher illustrated the use of such a method as multiplication in parts. In other words, one of the factors was broken into several summands while the second factor remained unchained. This procedure proved very useful for multiplying two and three-digit numbers. By using this algorithm, children were able to see that multiplication could be simplified. This lesson lasted for 45 minutes; the first ten minutes were dedicated to the presentation of new information and modeling. The guided practice lasted for 20 minutes; during this part of the lesson, the learners were able to work in groups while the teacher intervened only in those cases when some students experienced difficulties. In turn, during the last fifteen minutes, the learners were doing exercises independently. Overall, this observation has been of great value to me because I was able to learn more about the teaching methods that could be suitable for the needs of third-grade students. Furthermore, I could gain insights into the behavior of students with whom I will later interact. Lesson plan Name WGU Task Objective Number: 602.4.15-33 General Information Subject(s): Mathematical Operations: Division Topic or Unit of Study: Divisibility Rules Grade/Level: 3 Instructional Setting This lesson took place in the third-grade classroom in which there were 16 students. Furthermore, there were four desks each of which could give room to fou
Introduction The Victorian age is at once identified generally as a time of nostalgic perfection and rigid oppression. It is the age of change and social advances as well as the age of the strict social structure and a severe regard for the customs of the past. Under the reign of Queen Victoria, the Industrial Revolution came of age, blossomed, and brought sweeping change across the country and the world. Life switched from being primarily dictated by the land one owned to a social structure based on commerce and manufacturing. In this switch, there was a great deal of dissatisfaction with the teachings of the church and a general concern about whether people shouldn’t return to the pagan or nature-based traditions of the past. Thomas Hardy seems to be supporting a return to pagan concepts in his use of events and omens to predict the progress of Tess’ life in his novel Tess of the d’Urbervilles. Main body When Tess is first introduced within the novel, she is participating in a May Day Celebration. Hardy indicates “The forests have departed, but some old customs of their shades remain” (Ch. 2) of which this celebration is one. To help emphasize this point, Hardy also includes mention of the symbolic accessories that make up the celebration: “In addition to the distinction of a white frock, every woman and girl carried in her right hand a peeled willow wand, and in her left, a bunch of white flowers” (Ch. 2). The celebration is comprised of a dance in which the young women from the inner circle and in which only women participate. This moving circle of girls and women, with Tess, singled out by her red ribbon, is not only a celebration of spring and the renewal of the cycles but represents the beginning of Tess’ cycle of life as she finally joins in the dance. It is significant that it is at this point that Tess’ father finds out that he is distantly related to a very old and noble family, through a character known as Pagan d’Urberville. This ancient connection, to both family and religion, is incompatible with the Christian morals and ideals of Tess’s modernizing world. “Tess herself realizes the incongruousness of the distant past in relation to her own present as she scorns her ancestors and ‘the dance they had led her’ (Chap. 16)” (Rogers, 1996). From the May Day Dance and the discovery of her relationship to Pagan d’Urberville, Tess moves on to see if Mrs. d’Urberville, who is believed to be a wealthy relation, might help Tess find a better position in the world and thus help her family. The lady in question lived in a modern house on the outskirts of The Chase, which is described as “a truly venerable tract of forest land, one of the few remaining woodlands in England of undoubted primeval
Introduction There are several reasons why Zodiac has to be watched. In addition to the fact that it is based on real events, it touches upon human deaths which have not been solved yet, failed attempts to discover the killer’s personality and the role of media in crimes. Zodiac tells the story of several murders that happened in the United States between the 1960s and the 1970s. Besides, Zodiac is called one of the best movies at the beginning of the 21 st century starring Jake Gyllenhaal, Mark Ruffalo, and Robert Downey, Jr. Finally, this movie is an effective learning tool that helps to disclose the essence of media literacy and possible media impact on people. Today, the media makes people free and able to investigate human behavior, social norms, and relations that can be developed by separate people and whole nations. Still, it is not enough to identify the advantages of media but try to understand what the media are, and what messages can be delivered. In this paper, the movie Zodiac will be analyzed in terms of three media theories, liberalism, social responsibility, and uses and gratifications, to explain the peculiar features of crime coverage, the appropriateness of investigative reporting, and the development of ethical considerations in crime reports and examine its cultural impact on society. Concepts and Theories The role of media in the movie Zodiac cannot be neglected. The development of the events and the rise of the killer’s popularity began as soon as the reporters of the San Francisco Chronicle received and discovered the letter with threats to American society. This movie teaches how crucial the role and impact of media can be. A person wants to be recognized and addresses the press for help. Instead of protecting society, press representatives decide to make the audience direct participants of crime investigation and active receivers of information. These are the main signs of the uses and gratification theory of the press (Hanson, 2016). At the same time, the movie shows that the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s was the period when the press wanted to stay as liberal as possible and able to provide people with a chance to receive facts and depict truth from falsehood. It is an example of the libertarian theory (Hanson, 2016). However, Zodiac is not a simple story of one or two crimes that were solved. It is the story with no end. It is a series of crimes that could not be solved by the government and the best representatives of American police. Therefore, the chosen movie also relates to the theory known as social responsibility when the press tries to meet corporate interests and perform several social functions, including entertainment, self-governance, and pressure avoidance. Still, self-awareness may have a destructive power (Casey, 2015). Characters in the movie are so involved in searching for the truth that they neglect simple things like their possible impact on other people around and the outcomes of their words or their behaviors. “I need to know who he is. I… I need to stand there, I
Introduction “The Lesson” is a short story composed in 1972 by Bambara. This piece conforms to the fiction genre; furthermore, the author employs different styles in writing such as linguistic, non-genre plot, imagery and humanistic subject that attracts diverse readers. The conjured narration is set in the interior cities within New York amongst the poor, lower class and uneducated city children. The main theme of narration is Poverty and Wealth. Poverty typifies deprivation; thus, lacking necessities like foodstuff, accommodation, clothing and water. Concurrently, wealth is the profusion of valuable income or possession of extra material for leisure. The connotation of the theme is to lessen the gap amongst the wealthy and deprived. This theme contributes to the meaning of “The Lesson” because the narrator illustrates the differences that exist amid the prosperous and poor kids in the fictitious story. This theme is relevant in the short story since it helps the reader to comprehend the divergence amidst the pitiable and rich. Therefore, it is a valuable premise since it may culminate in societal development and the decrease of the gap among the pitiable and rich. The narrator expresses the theme, poverty and wealth, by denoting that children in the story come from pitiable families. The narrator says, “We all poor and live in the slums” (Bambara para 3). This means that, the children originate from slums since one can find apartments characterized with drunkards and smell of urine in its hallway in such residences. This situation noticeably lacks in wealthy apartments. Analysis of the contrary dimension, which is the expression of wealth, is evident when Sylvia says “And Fat Butt already wasting his peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich like the pig he is” (Bambara, Par 2). Here, the narrator was trying to show the variances amongst the affluent and pitiable. Indeed, Fat Butt was already satisfied with his food consequently wasting it; however, Sylvia and Sugar were desperately leaning on the mailbox watching other kids eating. Miss Moore expresses this theme by asking Sylvia and Sugar whether they acknowledge the authenticity and originality of money. This assertion postulates that the story housed persons with real money and fake money. Therefore, Miss Moore was defining to Sylvia and Sugar the gap that existed between them and her. This is upon correlation to their money status. As the kids strolled on the street, Miss Moore told them “money ain’t divided up right in this country” this shows that the city housed persons with noticeable proportions of money. As the kids, reach the fifth avenue, they spot people dressed in different attractive styles and Miss Moore tells them “this