ShantanuT01/DACTYL-Pretraining huggingface dataset:
Geography is a very important discipline which teaches us to understand the basic rules of our world. From geography classes we know about climate and landform forces, cultural and political structure of different countries and nations. This course was very organization and I got to know a lot of interesting and very important things about our world. I am quite satisfied with my learning achievements, since I reached all my learning goals. Now I have the understanding of the main forces of the earth, the ocean and the spheres, which make up the peculiarities of climate all over the world. I also learned about different political and cultural traditions of some countries. Of course, I did not cover all the amount of countries and nations, which is impossible even for such substantial course, but I have the common generalized knowledge of the major countries and which is even more important, I know the ways how and where I can find the necessary information. The most exciting part for me was a cultural part of the course, when we learned traditions of different people, which is really interesting. The most disputable, to my mind, part of the course is still pollution issues and energy issues, which are quite connected. To my mind this part needs more precise attention, but I’d like to discuss it a bit later. Apart from receiving definite amount of necessary knowledge I received something more. I broaden my common knowledge and now I have more definite ideas about what I’d like to get to know further. My personal achievement, which I attained during the course, to my mind, is my ability to organize my own study and the fact that I obtained such a considerable amount of information, which is a very good basis for further education. I became a geographically literal person, if I may say so, and I bear in mind all the concepts and principles of the geography. All these achievements made me understand that this course of geography opens the whole world in front of the young people, schoolchildren. This course is very substantial, touching all the main aspects of life of the earth, including soil, water, nature and people. Now I see that geography not only deals with location of different countries but provides deep knowledge of the central laws of our existence. The course of geography is very broad; it is not like chemistry for instance which is only preoccupied with chemical elements. Geography embraces a very wide spectrum of issues beginning with natural forces, and coming to consideration of organization of peoples’ life and correlation between the nature and people. I’d like to stress that the course is very rich in information, though, to my mind, it is possible to add some more discussion concerning the problems of energy and pollution. Modern life brings into forefront these very issues, since the amount of people grows and, thus, the amount of different polluting sources also grows,
Introduction Founded in 1961, the Usha Martin Company has expanded its portfolio, product line, and physical structure outside India. The company has remained one of the most successful steel wire rope product manufacturers. The company’s current dilemma is how to maintain and improve the past business performance through strategic decision science within its current and future growth plans. During its six decades of operations, the company has exercised such business strategies as internationalization and vertical integration. Thus, this analytical treatise will attempt to explicitly review and evaluate the benefits and risks of Usha Martin’s vertical integration strategy and internationalization strategy. Besides, the paper will present a five-year strategic plan for Usha Martin to ensure growth and success in the long term. Discussion Vertical integration strategy: Benefits and risks Vertical integration, as a management style, involves integration of the supply chain to accommodate the different products that a company deals in. The Usha Martin Company boasts of a strong vertical integration in its industrial organization. From a single location, the company controls its designing, cutting, manufacturing, distribution and marketing process for its steel wire pipe product in India. The production segments such as raw material acquisition, power plant operation and coal mining, actual production, and distribution are segmented and disfranchised within a systematic control system that monitors production progress. Benefits Reflectively, the vertical integration strategy has shielded the company from market swings, which create fluctuations in the supply chain in terms of input availability and price. As earlier predicted by Mr. B.K Jhawar, the chairman of the Usha Martin Company, the vertical integration strategy enabled the company to save more than one billion Indian rupees. Besides, the company has been in a position to have full control of the quality of inputs used in manufacturing the steel wire pipes. Since the company operates and fully owns its sub production branches, it has been able to benefit from the aspect of cost competitiveness in production and the final price of the products. The topological structure of the Usha Martin Company consists of communication and operations management systems, which help in determining efficient performance and optimal resource use. As confirmed by Mr. B.K Jhawar, the company stresses on quality products, customer satisfaction, and cost effective production within accepted standards at the forefront. The vertical integration process has allowed the Usha Martin Company to produce, design, sell, and distribute its products globally within a short time span. This is possible due to interna
The case study has been developed on one of the top UAE insurance companies named “Oman Insurance Company”, Dubai. According to the requirements of combining information technology and information system relating to the internal and external environmental elaboration and development purpose, critical analysis of technological background and overall judgment of competency regarding the selected industry purpose, Oman Insurance Company of UAE has been chosen for its versatile insurance services with a wide array of using upgraded technological surface. Thus, the forthcoming analysis of each of the requirements will introduce a number of inquiring schedules as below:   * Observation of overall company view with related association of technology in each aspect of operations and methodology.   * Overview of industrial background with critical evaluation technique like SWOT and PEST analysis.   * Internal and external analysis of Oman insurance to identify strategic competency in terms of technology.   * Influential factors affecting the systematic development of the company. Thus, to run the entire research work, it is very much essential to know about Oman insurance company as the selected factor to idealize its present external and internal information system and technological cues. Company view Oman Insurance Company is an UAE-based Insurance Corporation having approximately 10 branches in all states of Emirates with a very strong and established existence as in top position in Dubai. According to the website of Oman Insurance Company (2008) it can be found that the company has been formed up in 1975 that offers some insurance services like- life insurance including entire, term, annuity, endowments, unit-linked etc. and non-life insurance considering property, personal, liability, agricultural, business intermission, financial, marine, aviation, goods transportation, railways, all liabilities of constructors etc. products as well as additional mileage of tailoring of preparing special coverage. After a long period of its establishment, the company is providing such kinds of service to a number of insurers and to successfully wheel its operational programs, it uses a number of tools and techniques offered by INSIS (Insurance Information System) and Fatada Company Ltd. From the Website of Oman Insurance Company (2008) it also found that establishing itself as a financially sound and professionally managed corporation, the year 2007 had recorded a huge success of earning Dhs 1.5 billion premium turnovers and technical reserve of Dhs 517 million by Oman. It is very much serious in the p
Introduction Teenage binge drinking (TBD) seems to have become a major concern for the American society. According to the statistical data, 16% of the U.S. teenagers have tried binge drinking, and 12% still do it on a regular basis (Mares, van der Vorst, Engels & Lichtwarck-Aschoff, 2011). A range of dangerous myths and stereotypes concerning the safety of TBD is quite popular among teenagers; as a result, TBD not only persists, but also gains increasingly more popularity among its audience. Definition One of the most notable things about the phenomenon concerns the fact that there is no single definition for the phenomenon. Most sources claim that binge drinking occurs among teenagers and that the term cannot be attributed to people over nineteen (Mares, van der Vorst, Engels & Lichtwarck-Aschoff, 2011). However, when it comes to specifying what binge drinking actually involves, a range of contradictory facts emerge. For example, certain sources define binge drinking as a consumption of a specific amount of liquor in one session (e.g., more than four, five or six drinks) (Main, 2009). Other sources declare that binge drinking is a phenomenon during which the process of drinking becomes unintentional and, therefore, impossible to control (Main, 2009). Thesis Despite the fact that teenage binge drinking leads to a range of serious consequences and is bound to trigger major health issues for drinking teenagers, the issue is often overlooked compared to other problems concerning teenage drinking; as a result, TBD is never addressed properly and has drastic consequences on young adults. In order to solve the problem, the attitude towards TBD must be overlooked and a comprehensive health education strategy based on raising awareness, intensifying family support and developing proper stress coping mechanisms must be provided. Factors: What Induced TBD The major problem with TBD is that there seems to be an entire mythology grown around it; some of the suppositions are admittedly true, yet most of the myths surrounding the subject are completely false, hindering people from developing an efficient strategy to fight the disease. For a health educator, it is crucial to realize that teenagers are prone to developing impressive resistance when it comes to addressing their binge drinking issue. It is a common idea that the lack of awareness concerning the effects of binge drinking is what makes teenagers grow addicted to liquor. Such an assumption, however, is far from being true. Instead, teenagers do not seem to realize the seriousness of the consequences. Hence, the awareness strategy must be aimed at proving the point instead of repeating the ideas that the patients have heard a million times before. Perhaps, one of the most dangerous myths about TBD concerns the easiness, with which people supposedly get rid of it. According to the latest questionnaires and opinion polls, a number of young people, who indulge in binge drinkin
Race and Soteriology What Is Soil? The notion of soil might seem alien to a broader concept of salvation as the principal notion of soteriology. However, in her book, Jennings (2010) manages to combine the two phenomena into a single entity. According to Jennings (2010), the interpretation of soil as the breeding ground for the development of key principles of social hierarchy and the creation of multiple preconceptions explains the idea of race in soteriology perfectly. Jennings (2010) explicitly states that the history of colonialism is unalienable from the Christian narrative, which is why the concept of soil as the Christian history of colonization and violence toward those of different philosophies, must be recognized. Being interwoven tightly with the Christian narrative of promoting faith, the concept of soil represents the problematic past of Christianity, particularly, its attempts at foisting Christian faith onto other cultures. What Is the Problem with the Soil? The main problem with the soil lies in its colonialist past and the chauvinistic nature of its underlying principles. The resulting implications of cultural superiority and, ultimately, the supposed higher significance of a specific ethnicity or race, transforms the Christian philosophy into the breeding ground of prejudice and colonialist attitudes (Simpson, 2016). As a result, Christian principles transform into a weapon that can be used to oppress minority groups and reduce the extent of their agency in the cross-cultural dialogue (McGrath, 2018). Therefore, the concept of soil becomes a deeply problematic notion that affects the relationships between cultures adversely. Racial Imagination and the Language of Soteriology Racial imagination affects the language of soteriology to a significant extent. Namely, the importance of acknowledging the impact of early colonialist ideas of Christianity suggests that the idea of race is mostly artificially constructed based on the perceived physical differences marked as t
Whether to smoke or not is a debatable question that seems to never end. Since medical experts determined that lung cancers, along with other diseases, is caused by smoking; non smokers have campaigned against smoking, while smokers have clung to this habit. Many teenage smokers think that smoking with help them become accepted by the peers, relief stress, and improve performance, hence the continued use of cigarettes and even marijuana. Statistics show that many kids try smoking for the first time at the age of 11 and most adult smokers began this habit before they turned 18 years. From this perspective, many people tend to ask if it is legal and acceptable to start smoking before the age of 18. In this paper, we are going to prove that smoking has heavy health, economic, and social disadvantages to all people, and especially teenagers. This paper will analyze facts on why it is illegal and hazardous for kids to smoke before reaching 18 years. Firstly, smoking under eighteen years is illegal. Besides impacting one’s health negatively, smoking is a waste of money, and it greatly affects one’s social life. Before reaching eighteen years, one is still a minor, and therefore it is illegal for them to smoke (Anderson 7). It is important for kids to understand that smoking or being in possession of cigarettes or marijuana before the age of eighteen is illegal and can land them in serious trouble. At this age, many of the youngsters are still in school and school regulations do not allow such behaviour. If found smoking within the school area, such students can be suspended or even expelled from the particular institution. According to the article Reasons Not to Smoke , Kids can be attracted to smoking because they think they will “look cool,” feel older or independent, look tough or even win stuff which they find cool. Thus pee
Pharaoh Cleopatra and Empress Wu Zetian belonged to different cultures and lived and ruled in different periods, but they were both shining examples of how women could gain and retain power in the patriarchal world. Cleopatra, who lived in 51-30 BC, was an Egyptian Pharaoh during the Ptolemaic dynasty. Cleopatra was chosen for analysis because despite being a female with limited possibilities, she managed to rule Egypt in the time of important battles with Rome. Cleopatra was wise and exploited her femininity and motherhood to her advantage (Tyldesley, 1, p. 5). Wu Zetian, or Wu Zhao, was a Chinese Empress during the Tang dynasty of the late 660s. The reason for choosing Wu Zhao was that she was able to take control of power being not only a woman but also a concubine (Rothschild, 2, p. 65). Thus, her chances to obtain power were even less likely than any other woman’s. The main similarity between the two female rulers was their leadership style. Both Cleopatra and Wu Zhao were known for their cunning and severe measures employed to maintain their position. Sometimes, the level of slyness demonstrated by them reached unprecedented levels. For instance, Wu Zhao killed her own baby just to make the Emperor think that his wife did it (Woo, 3, p. 54). As a result, Wu Zhao managed to move to the Emperor’s chamber and stay there all the time, although it was a rare practice. An example of Cleopatra’s wit and guile was quite similar, though not as cruel. On one occasion, she herself poisoned flowers in her crown and pretended that someone had done it with the aim of killing her (Tyldesley, 1, p. 154). Another similarity between the two selected rulers was the legendary associations with their personalities. People used to worship Cleopatra and considered her as a “wise mother goddess” (Tyldesley, 1, p. 206). Wu Zhao’s image was related to such legends as the ability to make flowers bloom in winter and the gift of predicting the future (Woo, 3, p. 174). Despite some common issues in both female leaders’ ruling styles, they were quite dissimilar. The main difference was the family background of Cleopatra and Wu Zhao. Although both women came from wealthy families, their positions in society were rather different. Cleopatra was the daughter of the king, Ptolemy IX (Tyldesley, 1, p. 10). Cleopatra inherited the throne due to the shortage of male heirs. Wu Zhao’s father was a merchant, who led a family business together with his brothers (Woo, 3, p. 5). After her father’s death, Wu Zhao’s mother moved with her daughters to the capital, where the girl’s beauty was noticed by the Emperor, who made her his concubine (Woo, 3, p. 31). The second difference between the two rulers was their attitude toward diplomacy, which resulted in their impact on people’s lives. Wu Zhao managed to arrange good relationships with the neighboring countries, such as Tibet, the Tujue Clan, and Korea (Woo, 3, p. 159). Meanwhile, Cleopatra cared more about her own power and obtaining more land than the quality of life he
In the event when the expansions in operations exceed the available limits, it will be advisable to look for another facility for expansion. The best place to look for this new facility will be in the same area as where the old facility was located. This is due to the availability of factors of production in the area especially labor and raw materials. I would view several facilities before deciding on which one to pick. This will ensure that I pick the best facility for the task at hand. Information technology is essential in the operations of any facility (Lerner and Soudry, 2011). It has found several applications in our facility. It is used to calculate the wages of employees, ensure that all machines are running efficiently, assist in production and control various systems in the facility. It has helped to save time and energy which was required to do this work manually. Through the use of computers, the operation and maintenance of machines has been more effective and efficient. The use of IT in the facility has boosted production and increased the profits earned. Policy statement 1 which says the customer is always right and should be satisfied should be left in the hands of the decision maker for interpretation. This is because the main aim of our facility is to satisfy the needs of our consumers. This will assist to create consumer loyalty and increase the chances of survival in the long run. The words in this policy statement should therefore remain the same because they put forward the aim and objectives which want to be achieved by the firm. At some point in the management of this organization, the policies that have been formulated to ensure that the operations of the firm are smooth and efficient have failed in application. They are no longer effective or efficient in application. This is because they led to the development of bureaucracy in the leadership of the firm. For example, the introduction of decision making on key issues by top managerial staff was a brilliant idea. It was believed that the managerial staff had a good experience hence make wise decisions, but this was not realized. At the moment, the firm has started to involve staff from all levels in decision making. There have been several constraints in finding solutions for the firm. Initially, this task was left to the managerial staff. However, with their failure staff of all levels are vested with this responsibility especially those in lower levels. It is the lower level staff that have up to date information concerning the needs of customers therefore the solutions which they make have a positive effect in the firm. Recently, I made the decision to increase production due to a belief that demand would increase due to the increase in the prices of other alternative sources of power. This move did not materialize as the demand of batteries did not increase. We had to reduce their selling price to ensure that we sold more units in the market and realize some profits from the move. Production forces affects the decision making process of any firm (Mockler
Normality is a concept that can be understood in different perspectives. Sociologically speaking, normality can be differentiated from the norm which refers to the acceptable behaviors in a society. Normality refers to the adherence to the acceptable standards set by a society. Normality is closely guarded by the social constructions of a particular society in the sense that what is considered normal is determined by the forces of the society. This means that what is normal in one society may not be necessarily normal in another (Smolak, Levine & Striegel-Moore, 1996). Therefore, issues of eating disorders can be understood from a social cultural perspective as the culture of a specific society determines its eating patterns, thus, influencing the possibility of either the existence or otherwise of an eating disorders. This paper examines how the understanding of the concept of normality in the society affects conditions of the existence or otherwise of an eating disorder. The whole concept of eating disorders can be explained through the sociological understanding of the concept of normality. Among the dominant sociological understanding of normality that will be used to argue through the concept of eating disorders in this paper are the views such as; what is considered normal can be differentiated from the abnormal even if it may not be the norm, what is normal is a social construct that is imposed by the society, people struggle to fit to the ideals that are set by the society which may affect their eating patterns and lastly, how social change has contributed to the existence of eating disorders. Normality can be defined differently by different people since different things are normal in some communities and abnormal in others. However, different aspects of normal behavior can be used to indicate normality (Weiten 2010). However, this view is still directly regulated by the cultural belief of the society. The agents of socialization can be used to express the concept of normality in a number of ways. People grow in a structured society that determines what is normal against what is abnormal. The set standard influences the behavior of a person in all cultural facets as they determine what will be adopted against what will be transgressed. Eating patterns being a culturally controlled concept’s and directly affected by the cultures that exists in a specific society. According to Treasure, Schmidt and Furth, (