14-00000
104-10176-10006
2025 RELEASE UNDER THE PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY ASSASSINATION RECORDS ACT OF 1992
TO
INFO.
FROM
SUBJECT
DISPATCH
C
Chief, WH Division
⚫CLASSIFICATION
PROCESSING ACTION
SECRET
✗
MARKED FOR INDEXING
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
Chief of Station, Mexico City t
PBRUMEN/The LIRING-3 Operation
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required: See paragraph 2.
References
:
NO INDEXING REQUIRED
ONLY DUFIED DESK
CAN JUDGE INDEXING
MICROFILMED
JAN S
1969
DOC. MICRO. SER.
A. HMMA-35905, 27 November 1968
B. MEXICO CITY-8228, 27 November 1968
1. Forwarded herewith as attachment =1 are four reports
on the latest developments of the LIRING-3 operation prepared
by Wallace B. ROWTON and dated 5, 10, 11. and 12 December
The most important points covered in these reports are as
follow:
a. LIRING-3 made contact on 5 December with
one Humberto✗*GONZALEZ Vega (no Station traces),
who has apparently been designated by the FAR as
the latter's contact with LIRING-3 in Mexico City.
A description and a sketch of GONZALEZ provided by
LIRING-3 are contained in ROWTON's 10 December
report.
Continued.
Re: connection with 201-798301F
Attachments:
✓ Reports (4), h/w
2. Letter (1), u/s/c
3. Identity sheet (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2 C/WHD (w/atts 1 copy each #1 and #23B 3 copies
-
2
-
att #3)
-
COS, Guatemala City (w/atts 1 copy each #1 and
#2; 2 copies att #3)
s/c att: 2
Wu attil
CROSS REFERENCE TO
CS COPY
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
DATE
HMMA
-
36114,
27 December 1968
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
201-798301
14-00000
MULATOT DE FREE
CONTINUATION OF
DISPATCH
meet
CLASSILICATION
SECRET
SPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
i
HMMA
36114
b.
According to GONZALEZ, Identity D, who
left for Guatemala with LIRING-3 and, according to
the latter, was probably executed after a period
of detention, may still be alive and may have made
a "deal" with the Guatemalan authorities. Identity D
had apparently misappropriated FAR funds before*
going to Guatemala. LIRING-9's remarks to LIRING-3,
as mentioned in ROWTON's report of 5 December, may
be connected with Identity D's misdoings.
C. LIRING-3 hinted to LIRING-9 that he may
accept a teaching job at the University of Jalapa.
(Such a job was indeed recently offered to him.)
LIRING-9 advised LIRING-3 not to accept this as he
would much rather send him on a trip to PBRUMEN'.
d. From a letter received from Gustavo Fit: Guatemala:
*COLINDRES Barrios, LIRING-3 gathered that the si Guatemala
BARRIOS brothers (Miguel and Juan Leon) may soon-
be released and may, in fact, contact him in Mexico
City. The original text of that letter and its
envelope are forwarded under separate cover as
attachment #2. LIRING- Interpreted some remarks
made to him by Humberto GONZALEZ as another indica-
tion of a possible contact by the BARRIOS brothers
in the near future. LIRING-3 plans to write back
to the address given by COLINDRES and mention that
he is in contact with GONZALEZ in the hope of getting
a reaction from COLINDRES.
1
1
"
2. The Station plans to check further the identity given
by GONZALEZ. Among other things, an attempt will be made
via LIKAYAK-2 to check whether a file in that name exists in
the archives of the Mexican Ministry of "Gobernacion. The
Station may, at a later date, attempt spot surveillance of
GONZALEZ. Meanwhile, any information that can be provided by
the Guatemala City Station to further identify GONZALEZ would
be appreciated.
"BARRIOS, Miguel 201-216006
XBARRIOS, JUAN Leon
LA
Fradyi
for Willard C. CURTIS
Willard C.
}
*
CLASSIFICATION
FORM
8-64
53 a
USE PREVIOUS EDITION.
'40'
SECRET
CONTINUED
att:3
PAGE NO.
2 of 2
14-00000
}
SECRET
AGENT SERVICE RECORD
1. Agent Cryptonym: LikING-3
* 2. Project: LIE WINE
3. Agent Recruited By: Wallace P. ECHPON
HEREWITH ATTACHMENT TO
HMMA-37739
21 Aug. 69
1
4. Capacity in which Agent Served: Access agent to Cuban Embassy; Informent
on Central American revolutionary groups and activities.
5. Rate of Pay: Did not receive regular salary, but was given between
3000 and 3500 Mexican resos per month. (Equivalent to 240 to +280).
6. Other Commitments: More
8.
7. Agent Dismissed By: Leonard S. TORET. Dismissal effective 1 July 1969.
Reason for Dismissal: gent in effect terminated himself, since he failed
to initiate contact with Station after being turned over to TURET
by HCLTON.
9.
Security Risks: Lis not made itt
DIY interest in this
case. He knew both FTON and TET in alias. No safehouses were ex-
posed to ING-3. LIRING-3 was met once in TURMET's QF vehicle.
10.
Security Risks:
11.
Manner of Dismissal: As stated above, no direct dismissal was made, since
LIKING 3 trcke off contact with the Station.
12. Letter of Termination Signed: No.
113. Cost of Termination: None
14. Station Case Officer: Leonard S. NET
Acting
15. Chief of Station:
(Signature indon
Horace E. FELETT
(Signature Pseudonym)
a
рас
APPROVED:
WH CONTRACT APPROVING OFFICER
Ap. 18. 1969
h/watt T
SECRET
CS COPY
•
HMMA-37739
REVIEWED
Special Contracting Officer
201-798301
14-00000
募
1. Agent: LIRING/3
CONTACT REPORT
ATTACHMENT #1
1. HOMA-36114
5 December, 1968.
2. Date and Site of Meeting: 1100, 5/12/68%; Identity'
3. Next Meeting: 1700, 6/12/68; Iden A
4. Administretive:
JAN 1969
DOC. MICRO. BER.
1
•
Rowton asked LIRING/3 to rent a small apartment that
they could use as a safehouse, in lieu of
Iden A, for the future. This was not only in the interest
Are
of economy, for+ for obvious security reasons. Rowton gave
LIRING/3 1,500 pesos as an advance for this purpose.
5. Reports/Information Passed by Agent:
h/watt :1
HMMA-36114
CS COPY
'
'
LIRING/3 reported to Rowton that he had dropped into the
LIRING office on 4/12/68 in the hope of running into the
LIRING Chief so that he could mention to him casually the
proposed trip to PERUMEN at the end of the month. LIRING/3
told Rowton that he did not see the Chief inasmuch as be
was intercepted by LIRING/9. The latter appeared as cor-
dial as on the previous occasion, but this time made a
brief reference to LIRING/3's report. He asked: "Are you
sure you included everything?" L/3 told Rowton that he
replied in a rather puzzled tone, "Of course. Everything,
that is, that I could remember." To which L/9 explained:
"I mean about the 'motivos' of the arrest. It seems there's
more to it than you wrote. We have some interesting data
on that subject. We'll discuss it with you on Friday.”
LIRING/3 then reported to Rowton that when he and LIRING/4
dropped in to
Identity B
on 3/12/68
the secretary of the Director,
Identity C, gave them a message that s person by the name
of Humberto Gonzalez Vega, residing at Calle Manzanillo
42, in apartment 8, had visited Iden B several times
asking for the address of LIRING/3.
·LIRING/3 continued to Rowton that he attempted to contact
Humberto Gonzalez Vega at the address given on 4/12/68 but.
was told by a woman of about 35 years of age with a slight
Guatemalan accent that he was out at the time. She took
L/3's address with interest and suggested that L/3 return
after 1500 the following day in the event Gonzalez did ret
contact him at his home. 1/3 told Rowton that he guessed
(and hoped that this was "Favel". 1
W PSU/ 201-798301
14-00000
Subject:
-ATTACHMENT #1
11774-36111
10 December, 1968
LIRING/3 Report of Contact with Humberto González Vega.
1. At 1000 on 9/12/68 at Identity A
LIRING/3 reported to Rowton
that he had met with Humberto González Vēga on 5 and 6 December. He re-
lated that he had gone back to the apartment on Calle Manzanillo on the
afternoon of 5 December, met González and made a date to see him again
on the morning of 6 December. When he returned about 1030 on that day
González' wife said that he had just stepped out to telephone the embassy
of Ecuador. L/3 went out and found González at a nearby telephone booth
and managed to have a relatively detailed chat with him.
2. According to L/3, González sarted off by saying that he had been looking
forward to meeting L/3 for some time, since he had heard a great deal about
him from mutual friends. González went on to say that although he had been
away from Guatemala for the past four years, he kept in touch with his
friends there. He dropped the names of Sandoval Alegría, Jorge Torrón and
a certain Avecillas (phon) who he assumed were known to LIRING/3. He con-
cluded his introductory remarks with the statement that he hoped be and
L/3 would become friends, since they could be of mutual help.
3. González added that he was making a living selling books and was planning
to open a book store at the University. He indicated that he might be able
to help L/3 financially if the latter were interested in this business ven-
ture. González then stated that he was aware of L/3's arrest and detention
and alleged that he had advance information concerning L/3's trip to Guate-
mala in the company of
Identity D
He then asked L/3 whether
he knew the real purpose of Iden D trip. When L/3 replied in a non-committal
way, González alleged thatIden Dhad been accused of misappropriation of funds :
and took the trip in the hope of defending himself against these charges,
González then produced a typewritten letter, undated and addressed to himself
and signed by "Cruz", advising him of the charges againstIden D. González
told L/3 that the letter was from FAR headquarters and was received some time
beforeIden Dand L/3 left on their trip.
4. González then went on to say that he and his friends were not at all certain
thatIden Dhad been executed,as L/3 and many other people assumed. He stated
that some months ago Iden D mother in Mexico City had received a letter from
him informing her that he was then at Salamá (phon). González added that it
was not to be excluded thatIden Dhad made some sort of deal with the authoritie:
to save his skin in exchange for services he might perform against Far in the
future.
5. González then cautioned L/3 against indiscriminate contacts with persons
સવારે
1
14-00 00
: 2.
representing themselves to be from legitimate "revolutionary" movements.
González recounted that he himself had to go into hiding for the previous
two months as a result of his having been exposed to a certain Nuñez who
had arrived in Mexico City with a group of Guatemalan exiles. Gozzález des-
cribed Huñez as a known member of the "Mano Blanca" and a former police
officer ("tercero jefe de la Judicial").
:
-
6. González then asked L/3 whether he had made any close friends while in
Guatemala. This, 4/3 felt, was an attempt to smoke out his relationship with
the Barrios brothers ( Miguel and Juán Beón Barrios). He told howton that le
evaded the issue by giving a vague reply, to which González replied:"Well,
I hope to have a great surprise for you soon ('alegría')" González then
suggested that they meet again on 12 December and promised to visit L/3 at
his home in the company of his wife, "so that I/3's and his wife could keep
each other company while they themselves were talking in L/3's apartment.
L/3 told Rowton that he shot this idea down by explaining that although his
wife was revolutionary and trustworthy, he preferred to keep any politicial
discussions strictly between himself and González. The latter, then suggested
that he simply drop by L/3's house and that they both proceed somewhere for
a coffee on a suitable pretext.
7. LIRING/3 described Humberto González Vega as a "rather tall"man ( about 1.78)'
heavy (about 85-90 k.), apparent age 42, with light eyes ("ojos claros") and
straight ("lacio") black hair. He drew Rowton the attached sketch for possible
identification.
8. IIRING/3 agreed with Rowton that it was advisable for him to tell LIRING/9
at his next meeting of his contact with González Vega to provoke a reaction
from the LIRING establishment.
Wallation
Wallace B. Rowton
...
160
ད་
to
e
“).
1 rection
14-00000
HUMBERTO GONZÁLEZ VEGA
VEGA
40-45 562272
acto 1.78 1.7.9
Gjis clap
$5-90 K.
pelo nigrolasiz
14-00000
22
Subject:
ATTACHMENT #1
HOMA- 36114
11 December, 1968
-
i
LIRING/3 Report of Contact with LIRING/9 and HIRING/10.
!
1. LIRING/3 reported to Rowton at 1300 on 10 December, 1968, that he had
finally succeeded in talking again with LIRING/9. He related that when
he went/the LIRING office as requested at about 1030 on 9/12/68 he was
told by the receptionist that LIRING/9 was still out. L/3 was asked to
telephone later, about 1300, to check whether L/9 had returned. LIRING/3
telephoned, as requested, a little affer 1300 (in Roston's presence) but
was told that LIKING/9 had not returned. L/3 left a message for L/9 that
he would come to his office again the following morning.
2. LIRING/3 continued that he reappeared at the LINING officeabout the
same time the next day ( 10/12/68) and was told this time by the receptionis
(the wife of LIRING/10's assistant) that LIRING/9 was in. At this monent
LIRING/9 himself emerged from his office with papers in his hand, winked
at LIRING/3, and returned without addmaccing him,
mintes later 1/3
was told by the reception st that L/9 would see him. • The following is
Rowton's reconstruction of the conversation that took place between LIRING/3
and LIRING/9, based on L/3's report to Rowton:
L/9:
"Come in. I'm sorry I couldn't see you Friday or yesterday. I
was out of town."
L/3:
L/9:
L/3:
L/9:
I/3:'
L/9:
I√3:
L/9:
1/3
"It's alright with me, except that I have a number of things
pending as far as my own plans are concerned."
"Well, how are you doing?"
"Fairly well. I just received a letter from my good friend, Prof.
Carlo Antonio Castro of the University of Veracruz. He has been
insisting that I go down to Jalapa to see him. He wants to or-
ganize an exposition and also to offer me an interesting position
at the University."
"But would that mean that you would have to stay in Jalaṇa?"
"Yes, of course; that is, if I accept. It's a tempting solution
to my personal problems. As I told you I'm still up in the air':
"But I don't think that's the solution. A trip would be much
better."
"Yes, but I have to make a decision soon. Also my wife received a
letter from her father inviting her to New York. Here's the
letter. Do you want to read it?"
"No. What does it say?"
"Her father says that he can give her medical certificates to
prove he is very sick so that she can get a visa without any
J
14-00000
difficulty."
L/9: "But as I said before, she shouldn't go to the American Embassy.
Keep her away from it. That would be bad, as I explained last
time."
•
"I'm doing my best, but it's not easy. Things are still up xà in
L/3:
the air with us."
..
(At about this moment in the conversation, LIRING/10 entered the office, and,
after greeting LIRING/9 rather perfunctorily, carried on the following con-
versation with LIRING/3:)
L/10:
1/2:
"How have you been?"
i
"Rather well, thanks?"
L/10:
"And your wife? Is she recovering from the strain?"
L/3:
"Just about. The nightmare is finally over and she feels better
now."
1.4
L/10:
"#Ell I hope you'll come by here often
We enjoy chatting with you."
-
as often as you like.
(After this brief exchange, LIRING/10 left the office.)
1/3:
"By the way, how is your Chief doing? I'd like to drop in to
express my appreciation for the interest be xxi and his wife
showed in helping my wife during my absence."
"Well, he's not doing too well.
"Ch, another thing. I finally met that Guatemalan 'Pavel' I
mentioned in my report."
"His name is Humberto González Vega. He's been in Mexico for scre
L/9:
L/3:
L/9:
"Yes, how did it go?"
L/3:
L/9:
I/3:
I/9:
time. A former activist in the PTG. You must know him."
"Yes.
933
"He wants to see me again on Thursday for a more detailed talk."
"Fine. Well, I hope you keep coming around to see us whenever
you can."
3. LIRING/3 commented to Rowton that he felt that LIRING/10's intrusion tad
not been coincidental, and that L/9 had advised him of L/3's arrival before
he himself received L/3 into his office.
Wallace B. Rowton
E
14-00000
!
ATTACHMENT #1
HANA-36114
12 December, 1968
Subject: LINING/3 Ecceipt of Letter from Gustavo Colindres.
1. LIRING/3 reportedto Rowton at 1700 on 12/42/68 that he had received
a letter from Gustavo Colindres, a Guatemalan of about 40 years & age
whom he had met in the Pavón prison in Guatemala City. LIRING/3 stated
that Colindres is the uncle (mother's side) of the León Barrios brothers,
although he does not have the same name of sra. Barrios. L/3 explained
that they were born of different fathers. L/3 added that Colindres was
imprisoned some 18 months ago for responsibility in an arms cache dis-
covered in or near his home.
1.2. The following is Rowton's translation of the original letter which
ZININC/3 gave Rowion for copying:
"I hope that when you arrived in your Mexico, you found only peace
and satisfaction in being once again in the warmth of your home.
Here on the farm we have missed you and felt badix at not bearing
from the artist and the professor, and now that I have succeeded in
obtaining your address, I am taking the liberty of dropping your a
few lines. I want you both to keep abreast of what's going on at
the old farm, even though we're still struggling to turn it over to
new owners, but they haven't as yet agreed to the price. I guess
I'll be the last to leave the ship, since I haven't a chance to get
off. The lions are the next to leave their cage.'Lorenzana' left
a month ago and the Queen left on the 2nd of December. Promise re
that when you take a drink you'll toast the farm and the date that
is approaching.
__
My best to your wife, kisses to your child.and my best wishes for
☐ your welfare. May this year of strange experiences engrave in your
mind the memorį of a friend.
•
1
/s/ G.Colindres
Guat. 7/12/68
•
Please send your correspondence to me in the name of my wife, Isabel
Donis de Colindres, 5 av. y 7a Calle,lote 6-Manzana 26,Colonia Santa
The non impe
Marta, Zona 19, Guat.Cuidad, América Central. is not count.
3. LIRING/3 told Rowton he understood the "lions are next to leave their
cage" to mean that the León Barrios brothers are soon to be released and
that this letter is a signal to him to be on the alert for a contact from.
them in the near future. L/3 told Howton that he intended to reply to this
EDON

14-00000
:
letter at once, and to take the occasion to mention casually that he
has met a Guatemalan in Mexico City by the name of Humberto González
Vega who seems to know everyone there quite well. 1/3 hopes that this
will provoke some sort of comment from the León Barrios brothers wither
directly or indirectly.
4. LIKING/3 stated that Gustavo Colindres, who is still in the Pavón
prison, obviously snuggled out this letter through his wife who visite
him regularly. L/3 commented that Colindres told him that he isa faith-
ful FAR member, but refused to belong to the PTG, or even to accept the
financial aid doled out at the Favón prison by Francisco Corado, the PTG
representative there.
Walate
Fallace B. Rowton
447 v
12
3
14-00000
SECRET
در
Separate Cover Attachment #3
HMMA-36114
MICROFILMED
JHIN O
1969
Identity Sheet
DOC. MICRO. SER.
Identity A:
Suites Harne
Identity B: Salón de la Plastica Mexicana
Identity C: Sra. Lourdes GOMEZ L. de Chumacero
Identity D:
1
Francisco
LARA Barrios
(201-832457)
sk att 3
HMMA-36114
SECRET
CS COPY
201-798301
14-00000
મૂળા,૧ અને વર
NOT SUITABLE TO MICROFILM
ATTACHMENT 2
HANA-36114
P
Kenok Carlos Jurats julmas
Edifice Condor -4. Verkoura
At Veracruz Mipce post
CORREO AERE,
VINAIRMAN
7
GUATEMALA RED
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Buda mais A. La
8361
HOWOL
CORRE
in ni
sk att 2
HMMA-36114
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CS COPY
201-798301
14-00000
7
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plaribar a w
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profest, yo
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14-00000
-
14-00000
བྷཐཱ ས པ
10
DISPATCH
Chief, WH Division
CLASSIFICATION
PROCESSING ACTION
SECRET
MARKED FOR INDEXING
X
NO INDEXING REQUIRED ·
ONLY QUALIFIED DESK'
DEFO.
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
FROM
SUBJECT
Chief of Station, Mexico City
PBRUMEN/LIRING-3 Report
ACTIONS REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required:
FYI
:
A.
CAN JUDGE INDEXING
MICROFILM
References
HMMA-35905, 27 November 1968
B. MEXICO CITY-8228, 27 November 1968
Forwarded under separate cover are Xerox copies of the
handwritten report prepared by LIRING-3 and given by him,
per reference B, to LIRING-9. The report was written in two
instalments, the first titled "Situacion General" and the
second titled "Antecedentes" and various other notes.
Rammad A. Frayer.
for Willard C. CURTIS !
Attachment:
Report, u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2
-
-
C/WHD (w/att 2 copies)
2 - COS, Guatemala City (w/att
S/c att:1
CROSS REFERENCE TO
CS COPY
-
1 copy)
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
HMMA
-
36115
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
Exotherm
DATE
27 December 1968
HOS FUMBER
✓ 201-798301
1400000
5/e att: 1
HMMA - 36115
"Chilmación General : "
201798301
Durante los dias que perseer en la celda
You ¿Cuerpo de policia Trine oporTrindad de
Cabras complacences Can Rolando Orlay" Cebolle-
To" nabre la cituacion General de Guatemala es-
pecialmente de FAR; por aquel entonces Cesar inconti
No leabia sido desnudo y 
serba nua, Cam-
paña de Terrible represion por parte del gobieso;
de acuerdo con las 
informaciones se desprende
d. Crigmente: fa division entre PGT 
M. FAR
provies una cituación dificil 
peso alguns 
mun.
boss dil PGT remunciaron a 
este y pasason
a las filas de FAR, aunque. 
Teoricamente 
el
la lucha armada I
PGT dice apoyar 
la #
incluse disponer 
de 
contingentes in la
el
montana (zona de 
gacapa ?) lo cierto es que
más la 
division
14.
“
no apoya
ви
en
ди
To rem
mino grandes
la linea de FAR! isto is a
mango ya que los detalles 
bon bien conscidos
.
En los 
sillemes Tiempos el PGT sed
.
Topogrup 
Trata de alcondar
malas 
dindigention. Como exemple day
en Power,
la intrución que 
presence in Paris, donde of
representante del PGT 
Trataba de gar
• accepted lustre los polos 
pertenecientes a 
FAR
:
14-00000
of niecenstoles ayuda econónica - incidiendo en
Giza (i deFAR) is a 
equivoca
muchos aspectos.
en
Alnis membrado You Dosa Coman lante
General Here is peraba que el grupo 13.
Ile movembre se aglutinara.
Leona esta colutionation se llevó a cabo, pero
en 
la práctica se ha 
demostrado que este
Grupo cique actuando por an cuenta anar-
quicamente.
-
as me.
uni
Todas estas tan divisiones, fal-
to di organización sen falta de modune ideolo-
de
gris etc. how Traido por Consecuencia un
debilitamento de la lucha armada en
Guatemala. Gesto contra el fortale
Comments Cada desmayor de las fixerz
presives abra de los morteamericanos.
expreito equipado con las armas más modes.
y entrenado por ellos, 
co-
madalada mig más la situación en la
Trola
montaña. In consciencia de Todo isto
his side la intensification de la guerrille
Urbana, for jovenes de FAR han tenido
que bajos a la cindad of hacen esfuerzed
desespiandos pero anarquia para
asesorado
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·lection actions are much veces, puerte
All 
Embajador 
Gorden main por exemplo,
Plas
Tale Cinsinti matas, jo t'i repre-
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تمانانی
de
con
был
Gion agabondo Can Cuadros valiosos y necisa.
nos. En la montaña se lan sufordo reveres
The muy grandes, la muerte de mistor Valle
Efigenio, la di Camilo en la curidad etc. lean
aim as las acciones de FAR, ficcs
dibilitado
las especialls Concistancion que hoy se
viven en Guatemala impiden la rapid in
sustitueson de estos cuadros da falta de
fonda para financiamento es uno de los
base de
poblins mas Grandes, pués actualmente
Il diners. Tiene que conseguise
Realtor a imprecas comerciales, dando por
risultado comdias meces, que por conseguir.
Cantidad pequeña lean mieto varie
revoluéesuaro.
q
En mi chorlas con los hermanos de
tion Bamos se me bize notar el sentid
arjuda
negativo que algunes aspectos de la
Euvana apresenta. De Critics diramente
a los cuadros que se pomaban alla, pries
seguin dilen, en los vejle largestanty in
Cuba semnadaptaban
Mi
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i
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:
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6 li vialidad Cuatemalteca, o mands
on melta Complictos a 
recesses. El Epleiplo
Example
Conents es el revente 
caso di Cesar monter,
destituito por no haberse corporado a
To realidad on al moments necesario.
Ann Temala existe un fute malls.
quente
ms; por isto los jovenes de FAR rechazan
Cristo Tipo de ayuda procidente de Criba;
De habla cons entre ellos de fracasos
obtenidos por los cuatro formados allá
wel de un supuciste ofrecenmen-
To Crivano de ayudarlos inchise con
Membres.
Por ahora, leblands francamente
la lucha en Guatemala se la debilitado.
for golpes sufrides than sido muchos of fuentes
es de extrema nirgenia una riorganiza.
Me
lion
جمة
mo de los aspectos clics
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14-00000
in Optimala is una mayor comprension
priston
• 
Ailu situación niterna 
de ese pais, y
por lo 
Consignente la ayuda más adecuada.
Es 
visdad que el fortalecimento de
enta lucha sera a large plazo, piso para ella
is criticano que la ayuda sea mas efectiva
realista de acuerdo con las opiniones de
Mismanser di teor Bamos, elementar
craticos, l
pertensiastes of 
calices of
by recluta, de acuerdo con las
sins en Pervicio de inteligenic, also abar teamminto
ago Tings que seguir trabzando
con las FAR; la especial situation
han
di trrifice, mis expinencion personales of
La Confianza que ellos me déport an
becho que mantenga mais contactos, exper-
rando por estos dias la llegada de una
que
pencontre
pinona muy 
responsable
i can elinombre 
de PAVEL, para seguin
Trabajando en un sentido positivo.
me busca-
14-00000
Antecedentes
En vejico y por conducte de Carlo Persoal
Amascu, establic contacto con F. a. f. Banes
Guatemalteco quin segon se me infirmo, era
FAR encargado de la pro-
ета
en esta cindad. Lara Bamos Tema
paganda
podia
recuerdad de hacer un viaje a Guatemala, pero
dada u situacion de exilado político no
abandonar el pais en forma legale of por ese
motiv se me pidió ayuda, of a que
proces for Tener conocimiento de la region
mr dil país y además un pequeño refoci.
establecido en Dan Cristobal las Casas estaba
In posibilidad de llisar a fara Barris hoste
la Cuidad de Guatemala
a dewanie
વ
G. Trases de namin platicas Temidas
Can il se llegó a la Conclusion de que
ademas de realizar dicks vize,-
podniamos
halls algunos movimentos que Tunzerci
For finalidad prestar una ayuda efec-
Trin a
FAR.
1
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Fixe instances que se elabors" un pin, buy a scali
sim quedan a congeta a la ciprobacion de ellmin.
to dinctiven Gatemala. Sucraliniste este
plans Consisti in il establicumente de un me
gotie de impresiones en Honduras; is decr
Estrias las postulidades en ese pars pare.
die
Crentes ama pequeña maquina de of sett
que
in
Jag editar in Pleoms bus pridiens ave
Specteren. Sen Bamos Tenia Consommen.
Tos de este Tipo de negocio, if a que segú
me form, labia Tratado ants
Nasa compañias de piiblicidal. El
and principal de esto era el de colabo-
as para alitener, por esos medios ayuda
financiera para las FAR. Con esa inten-
Coon of desde curtes, no labia montade
In Ads Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas,
negocio de impresiones
pengraficas con la ragon social de
.EMARDEL di San 
Cristobaly
ми
Pasa realizan el viaje ne pensa
más
monen vasion de las posibilidades 
mais
fa mejo, dada la seguridad
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Que proporcionaba era consegin
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jaar is.
documentation Matibana pasa 
fash
Para el efecte 
elabore, con la mayor perfection
poble uma 
credencial de maestro de la SEP,
ya que um documents de este tipo es superente
abitenes visado en la 
frunters.
para
En los viltimos dias centies de really on dick's
Teminde Todo pripanocha, fara
maje y ya
Mamore informé que Carlos Perzabal
annada Teresa Porada quenan acom -
Paramos peces Teman moms
pacair. Como la situacion que isto plan.
teaba era dificil me opuse al vinge de
estas personces, pero Sara Bamos argumen.
Teinan necesidad de entrevistar
To que
Con motivos periodistes a algunas perso.
nalidades en Guatemala. Sas discusiones
varios dian pres
al respecto se prolonging
en Conveniente mycas dos tipos de Trabaj
en un viaje que de por si Tema sus riegos, por
Entonces ausgieson varios convenentes que m
uno de ellos fue.
quieron retrasande dicho viage,
que fara Barrios - Miluen el encargado
de la non se line accidentalmente la
no
mená con una pistola calibre 25 all leaces
;
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gang
pustrea de 10, y otro que por esta causa
bubs 
miceridad de propones la 
calida of buses
un medis mas alterado
, f
lc
que
Бё
recum form pirote a Conseguir que una persona
de Confianza mollivan 
automovil
dicha persona fice Rail covero quien se prests.
para hacerlo. For detalles sobre Todo esto son
variados of obvian en este informe, peso lay
que haces notas que bumbo muchos incidentes
inoves por parte de Todos los que ibamos
participare in esa mision.
El 10 de abril de 1968
сёё
Ciudad de miific Fco Adalberto fara Bamos,
Paul Moreno, Carlos Perzabal of sin
pervidos, pues la señora Teresa forada desis
tro dil maje debido
debido 
a que estaba embarazada
ella.
se counders peligroso para
а
la allema
I licente & Tragects of
delication 
dalien
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alta velocidad o que Conditia Morens
Il anteriore, sufruies in aparatore ace
dente que des seriamente dañado I
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troveus babli por telefonens conse":
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formal i para reformar del accidente of
dys que le pidian volumes puis on padre
labi pridom farto Candiacos Todes
koolis hosts San Cristobal, diske
Ivrage.
donde motor Continuaricando el 
vi
Carlo Perzal llevaba Consigo unas pelle-
Chemis de TAR impresas en la imprenta
All Mail Marque Pardinas las
que labia reultado entre las páginas de unas
memtas de midas, pero de modo Tan
visible que no Creund Spor
las llevara. Al llegar a las
for
m
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I nee
مینا
1. Cindad Calutemo en un Tuxi de alquiler
piciamo a documentano pasa el paso
Guatemala. Sa Credencial que se elictore
finerend
porn fara Bamos 
finaiono 
perfectamente
le fue dado um pesmico para vigo
Tres misses. 
En 
ese lugus
Guatemala valide
of dado que me habiamos Temsido dificultad
algumas para no entorpeces 
mesti 
mormon
Too Tanto fara Bamos como yo`ll 
petom o
a Perzabal que no elevan las revistas, a
lianda
lo que accedio depositanddas en una 
banca
"Cerca de la frontera usada. Conso letrina.
El paso se lungs sin dificulta & apa
T
i
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sintie, salo
silo 
que
for: Bamos all chiller
am permise all Comal de Gracemale, Joann.
te cinal para 
Todos los Turistas. El Consulado
de Cristianala 
que deberia funcionar en Comitan
Card
: Caltero se encuentro pos externos
mones en la merilla, dento del Timtons
Gatemalteco. Fara Bamos se puso
acudinal
Tants nervido Cuando 
accedi al 
Consul
para el pessico, mas que este extendié
Sin dificultad. Tis distante pensamos que
elle dana Barrios le provocó
alguna sospecha misma que le tabl
Con il Cheater All Taxiquin illo bibere fall
que despices confirm pries
ده
las antoridades guatemalteens (despices
de brabus and deliride) nos mostraron
las revistas donde Pezabal baby scondido
que solo pudieron
las publicaciones de FAR,
Miber sido dinidas por el Consul
proportionadas por el Chofer del Taxi que
Mollers; of que Tomas
Comitan ya que este durante el pecto
лсо
liablo de su amistad con el consul
of Regele se po das cuenta de
que "alio sospechore" dejo perabal
lu la bamica.
T
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don-
En la meille derpubs all passi la adeno
donde semolina revision 
superficial f
de 
estos 
presente el Concul, 
abordamos uma
Pazarconita de pasarer rumbo a 
Hut
Go 
pero al ir en esta nos 
dimos cuenta qirk
iste se nos rebasó en su 
automovel.
a..
Al lligas da Granter di inspección en el
Campamento 
EL CABLE
" fumo artemidone.
bor indicatimes de ciclo 
consult orden
al oficial as incommunicara. Antes de
bajas de la Camioneta y al darin cuenta
de que habia problema, fara Barros me
tregomenadene de documentos que llevaba
(paraporte autention, cédula de verdad ete
mismo que por fortuna pudimos desapa -
rece- antes dil registro que el oficial mod
• practice després, echandoled por entre las
hundeduras de la banaca
Cada donde nos encerraron.
Por disgracia al practicarsenos
Carlos Perzabal le fueron
encontradas in par de botas somiticas,
una entrevista inconclusa Connector Valle,
my camet de la inversidad de la
Habanan atro documents. a partic
registro
a
prefabri-
para
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ej
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um
at is moments quedama a posicion del
presto ponendo 
que seriamos arecido
Ned 
Campamento et " Cable" fu
Basladados por la policia mililis ab-
lante a otrs Campamento en el poblado
de "Buenos 
aires "In el llipto. de Huchine-
Tinangs
. El Transporte se lungs en im
Cheen de Carga que nos lleve primers
Cammen
a Hauchutenant doubl Perzabal fil
brevemente interozado por un Cotonegl
Quien nos dijo que serians fusilados.
Chi el poblado de Buenos aires fim
antengades of maltratados durante
Toda la noche, los temagatonos queson
irection
picos 
por separado. Al did sigerite
frumos Touisladados a quatemala in
Non avro de las FAG # 540,
the minden
que desviado por el ministro de la
Lefera, mismo que nos recibid en
Il acreomanto militar la noche del
dia. 14. Todaria dentro del azon aga
En el Campo Cubro a bordo de lite in
queen
-
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n
Terrence con unit
MAM Ell
, que me pregunto
de manera valinta si yo
Alu una
me militas
me llamaba
don.
•Efigenia
Wit aireports militar fummos Torarladales
ilit
al 
or 
Culopo de la poliora (Persabalay yo
Camioneta fara 
en in Jeep
de fumos 
incomunicados 
en las bartoli-
mas de 
la celda = "400" ilusante varis
noches from sometidos a
"interogatorios!" Chisels dance, a
; his batus a ver era la porcupation.
Fine-
Tenian. En la celda 400 estaban
que
pulsed algunos muenas de las FAR
"los hermanos de Leon Bamos (Juan José
and Como el Conocido por "Cibollita",
y miquel,
acusado del atentado a la base mich-
Tas de los Ceprevales y membro destacada
de las FAR. Gestos compañeros dara Ba-
mis informs con detalle de lo que hos
fabia sucedido. El dia 20 de abril
pridemo envior clandestinamente
a la prensa ima nota esenta in c
Caja vacia de Ciganos que publica
:

1*00000
4
fur
il Ciano "E. GRAFICO" el dia 31 de abril.
Por este motive fis visitados por el
Concul de mefice al dia signente, e-
artands asi el pormes intento de asesing-
to Centra moscher, fasa Bamis pasta
ya
intonces labria sido identificad. 
of a 
Comis
Guatemaltecis
Cil license priblica incerty ditemoon
Das autoridades Gritimalticas inventason
in delitoris daubversi-
vain, las calles de l'a Crillad of fimos
Consignados por esto a um Jugofalojara
six a juicio.
jetos
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4
Q 26 de abril frums Trasladados al
Campo ke Concentration " Granja Piirial
Paven" en una Cuerda donde Tambien
iba el "cebollita y posiblemente fara
Trasladados
Bamos a quien dejamos de ver el dir
que fumes Consignados
à la Cruzia general. En Il Camm's
a Poron desaparicio Cebollita a
que seguin el paste policiaco, "seeriasta –
son And Comparieros" pero que fue
:
14-09000
asençalo por la policia.
Gbs Granza Penal Paron lligans en
A la
Compañia a los tremanos de Seon Bamos
or
quines fulson Comparer durante
las meres que all: permaneno y donde
pude conocer más a fondo la realidad de
of
Craternals of establices Contactor pasa degunt
Trabajando pristenssomente
As necesano
Lonante isos misis (Casi 7) live ng
estrecha Comunicación con estos dos muncha-
Chos, quienes por aus Condiciones, pidicion
explicarme la verdadera situación de
los FAR en relacion Con la situation gene-
ral del paces and holes notar que en ese
Tampo estaban recluidos 
alls 9 
member
All. P.GT esperando la sentenera de 
lis
Imbunales. El representante del grupo,
FCO Coradora quen administraba 
los
para repartir 
entre
fondos que
los presos politicos, fondos de los cuales no
aporto nunca mada a ningun pneuib.
de las FAR. Cuando nosotros liegan
Inato de acilans; pero cuando of
recibra
le
:
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aje que ela a army in partido
Ane bus do" Troty 
Rista" OPEN
mitivo por parte de Pergaalfie 
me lac
nonly lies por parte de
Teresa 
Posada.
ama investigation
Su señora esposa
-
For an parte las FAR lucrison, le meme
Constatands que rys me pertenece a angin
grupo of Terminando así con una si
tracion molesta que se haben Generado,
A midida que pase el Tiempo for
Machenko amistad personal cor est.
michache para entonces no liabi
pedido, para enviar a la drevoren de FAR
some a cada ame de apoios de es
lebron a guatemala. We
manera franca y abierta quien
que Carlos Perzabal (quien en muchas
Castaneras be portó bien) en este caso
ocults los verdaderos motivos demues
Toe detencion. Por fortuna of gracias
a los informes que die personalmente
Sara Bams
= full cros
al
a
dilic
pot Conducto del Cebollits of his
:
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Hermanos de Leon, stony
que
aj
#
Il Conostian.
i
D
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me sea obligats a menciones esto, you
dimentical Tamps que estuv
Dra.
Incarcelados, la Terisa Posada
la señora mama de Peizajal
el m. mamill maitué Pandinas,
propagason / also informes en Cortion de
nespora, bacundoa tiparecer como
"delatora" agentie de la Cia, etc. ete; in
fluidos seguramente para ocultas respon.
sabilidades of por problemas de indole
personal que munca Albison megelas.
Asi Meme Geners Ayas bien claro que
por lo que a 2570 respeta estoy dispriesto
a deslindar responsabilidades pente..
a ellos, si es que nusisten in esa posicion.
✓
ripresiones Con" CEBOLLITA"
ini
(pituration de FAR, Angestiones trabajo futureite)
frocediamo rodical entre los diepos.
Amps (PET, 13 nie. FAR) miste ail Frace.
nalisme, rompimento con el PGT, asimilacion
Aca 120
dil membrando u
Comandante. Criticas lincs midlas
"Cuba, motivo? de las criticas.
anjon
J
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"
falta de com en atribude podos
FAR a
Erba
ایران
lis problemas intern of
Ai Cutikimala maibido uso de les fondes
&
proportionados, ite. Onitica a los endres
Jomads inda Habana; Genes al regolar
No ac nulegaban a la realidad de lay.
Milindados de las FAR.
Ditriaison actual di FAR.
anasqua, falta de organización, debilita
miento, elemente joven con entusias
pero su formalem adeologies Conecta of
medis materiales. Un profesional de
FAR "percube im promeds. deq40.00 al
mes para outrabags.
M
Fastalicumento del Gobe expansion
dil apprent. Con la ayuda de USA.
•Willitamentos de las quembla de
Grambla
montaña que obligan el Trabajo en la
Cridad (Gremillas irbanas) que motiva a
Timon
ma represion Cada vez mas faconte
y Contraproducente.
1
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ጓሩ -
V
·Fürdida de inados cool so
Mestor Viile, Efigenis, Cebollita el
Bereo
, 
ate debidas a falta de organza.
Con de 
medis 
al fistalicuminto de
das fuerzas represivas.
rj
2224
* Nacunalising Guatemalteco que rechiz
a ayuda directa en el sentido 
de partici
pación 
activa 
for extranjeros ellos mention -
den 
por ese 
nacionalisme que este tipo de
cunda es necesanie a veces posa il donnells
de la New. latinoamericana situacion
que no se planted in my cas's gration a la
Tenor
Comprension de la mentalidad graternal.
y
Tica por razones de ser chiapaneed
•Afinidades culturales de anos con ellos.
Wistitucion de Cesar Montes por
motors de haber estado mucho Trempo
frim aj me integrarse a la lucen en el
memento milisano; impresion que se
Trese in quatimals de algunos elementis
quatima teens que hace tiempo viven
In Cuba.
1
14-20000
Chit maison General:
if
Cam-
Durante los dies que pessie en la celda
you 
dial as 
Cuerpo di policia Tome oportundad de
Cab presences 
Con Rolando Oriz" Cebolli-
Ta" nabre 
la citración general de Guatemala es
placilmente de FIR for 
aquel entonces Cesar con
no labia sido desta catena
paña de Terrible represion por parte del gobierno,
do acuerdo con 
las informaciones se desprende
le Gigments: fa division entre PGTM. FAR
mna cituación dificil peso algunor me.
Provies
of pasase
br dil PGT rinunciaron a coll
aunque Teoricamente el
a las pilas de FAR.
PGT dive apoyar la lucha armada. I
incluse disponer de contingentes en la
en lomm
montana (zona de gacapa?) lo cierto es que
apoyaten
mousca más la division
immo la linea de FAR isto is a grandes
ya que los detalles ben brein concidos.
En los siltimos tiempos el PGT
Mr.
e
star.
Comme
Max G x j z b c f g h i Trata de aliondar
exemple day
• las divergention. I
la intrusion que presencie en Pavoir, donde al
resentante all PGT Trataba de'
Ces
opted entre los presos perteneciente a FAR
14-00000
•of holes and economicas insidiendo en
Of linea ("ks CCFAR) 
is a equivoca en
matho aspecto.
13
Al nir membrado You Dora Comanifante
General se 
esperaba que el grupo
de membre se aglutina 
in
Fiona esta caputination 
se lleva a cabo pers
in la práctica si la demostrado 
que este
Grupo que
actuando 
por an cuenta anar
quicamente
.
Todas estas Cesta divisiones, fal-
to 
de organizon 
Valta de modring ideolo-
gris etc. has 
Traido por Consecuencia un
debilitaments de la lucha armada in
مين
•Guatemala. Gesto contriline el fortale-
Cimento Cada 
dia mayor de las ficer as re-
precises abra de los teamericano. Un
izrento equipado con las armas más melés-
sofaresorado y entrenado por ellos, con-
Trola Cada city mas la situación en la
montaña. In Ciencias de Todo isto
lis side la intensification de la Guerrille
Urbana. for jovenes de FAR han tenido
que bajos a la livedad y hacen esfuerzos
disespisades per anarquie pas
1400000
!
Afectar actives que muckveces, cerce
Mikrorden 
main for exemple,
да
Train Consign 
megativas, 
o 
que las
fizice intensifican to repre-
Jon Apabendo Can Cuadros valiosos
di lisa.
был
mrs. En la comontaña se lian sufordo reveres
muy grandes, la muerte de mistor Valle,
La di Camilo en la cridad etc. lean
Efigenic,
dibilitado ann mar las acciones de FAR, picco
se
Das especiales Constancion que hay 
al
viven en guatemalimpiden la rapida
sustitucion de estos cuadros. In fatter de
fondos para financiamento is uno de los
problemas mas grandes, pues actualmente
21 diners Tiene que conseguise a base de
acalted a Imprecas comerciales, dando por
resultado comdias alles, que por conseguir.
Cantidad pequeña han muerto varis
revoluéumare.
En mis charlas con los berimaner de
bis notar el sentido
teen Barrios se me
negativo que algunos aspectos de la ayuda
теб
Cabana representa. De Critics dinamente
los cuadros que se formaban alla, pries
Dessin dilen, en las sala nefic langs estanci
Cuba se madapTuban
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lis cialidad Guatemalteca, or mandd
o multa Completos a recesseris. El Eglepl
Coreto es el recvente caso de Cesar moniter,
destitudo por me faberse meosporado a
Ca realidad de al momento necesario.
An On Tematy existe un quede nationalis.
ms; por esto los jovenes de FAR 
rechingan
Cristo Trips de ayuda procidente 
de Chiba
;
Deliable mich bei entre ellos de 
fracasos
Atain pro
· 
los cuadros formados 
alla of
N
despist of olemmen
To Cubano de ayudarlos mcluso con
Membres.
Por ahora, liablando francamente
la lucha en Guatemala 
se la 
debilitado.
fir golpes sufrides 
han sido muchos of fuites
es de extrema rebia 
unaanza.
K S K A K K A K K Q X A AAAAH AGAMA MA
Usco de los marcaspectes
celsand
para el disanalls de la lucen omda

400000
in Gurotimale is una mayor comprension
della situación interna de 
ese pain, of pistor
por lo consiguente 
la ayuda más adecuada.
Es vindad que el 
fortalecimento de
enta lucka sera' a large plazo, pero para ello
efective
is criticano que la ayuda rea mas
My realista de acuerdo con las opiniones de
To 
besar di fer Bamos, elemented
of valiosos, dr
Jovis poo
entusiastas
Well Trabajan
rises, en servicio de miteligencic, its abarteanmänte
Tings que seguir trabagando
yo
con las FAR, la especial situation
de tarifico, mis experiencias personales of
la Confianza que ellos me deposit an han
beclic que mantenga mis contactos, exper-
sando por estos días la llegada de una
que
persona mung responsable
racon il nombre de PAVEL, para segui
Trabajando en um sentido positivo.
me busca-
14500000
dil 1998
Fagacish
Fara Banor
Antecedentes
En rejice of por conducte de Cari Perzabal
EC
Amarent, establer Contacto con
F. a. f. Baz
Guatemalteco quen según se me miforms, arg
FAR encargado de la pro-
Fico
мо
peso
podia
en esta ciudad. Para mi Tema
paganda
necesidad de hacer un viaje a Guatemala,
dada su situacion de exilado paly
abandonar el pais en forma legale y por ese
motivo se me pidió ayuda, ya que
preso por Tener conocimento de la region
pequeño refocio
mur dil país y además un
establecido en Dan Cristobal las Casas estaba
In posibilidad de llevar a fara Bares hosta
la Cindad de Guatemala
G-Trave's de wana pláticas Teridas
Can il se llegó a la conclusion de que
ademas de realizar dicks vige
podnamo
haber algunos movimentos que Tanzan
por foralidad prestas min ayreda efen.
Trice
FAR.
14-00000
keir
fice entonces que se elabord un frin, la reali
quid auta 
a la coprotición de ellmin-
For directives in Guatemala. Sucralmente este
plan Consistia en el establicumento de e-
gotes de impresiones en Honduras; is
todas las pontulidades en ese pais pare.
Bronte una
una 
pequeña maquina de of sett
Telegua que prudim servis
page editar um
in otros puses Centroamericans inclusiol
To negociado ants in
Spentarnala Fasa Bamos Tenis 
Conſumers.
de este Tip: de negocis, ya que seg
me form, babes tratado
ད
inten-
Nano Compañias de publicidad. El
condo principal de esta era el de colabe-
var para obtener, por esos medios, ayuda
financiera para las FAR. Con esa
Cron of desde artes, no habia montal:
in du Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas,
negocio de impresiones
jde
pengrificas con la ragion
" EMARDEL di Dan Cristobal &
ми
مدة
Dctual
Para realigons el vidje se pensa.
mon en vasion de las posibilidades m
segures. La mejo, dada la seguridad
Que proporcionaba, era consegui
14-00000
w
documentation Mexican porn fam
Para el efecte 
elabore, con la mayor perfection
poble una credencial 
de maestro de la SEP,
Na 
qui am 
occument: de este tipo es suficiente
la fruitern.
part abtinis visado 
en la
En los viltimos dias cunties de realizon dicho
mige y ya Temende Todo preparocho, fam
Mamo me infromé que Carlos Perzubal
of an aspira Teresa Porada querian acom
Pamatno puces Teman
casa ir. Como la situacion que esto plan.
de
Teaba era dificil me opuse al viage
esta: personas, pero Sara Bamis asumen.
To que Teman necesidad de entrevistas
Con motus periodistes a algunas perso.
nalidades en Guatemala. Sas discusiones
al respecto se prolongan varios dias peces
en Conveniente melas dos tipos de Trabaj
riesgos; por
en un viaje que de por si Tema sus
intorices Consensio consementes que m
viage, uno de ellos fue
quieron retrasando dicks 
viage,
Fara Barrios- quen en el encargado
que
de la manon_se line accidentalmente la
prema con una pistola calibre 25 al liaces
:
no
$
1400000
ang prictica de eso, y otro que p esta causa
brick
bubs nipended de 
porpone la calida of busow
in medio mas usuale, 
lo que be
allumé ( from parte a Conseguir que una persona
de Confianza mollivare 
en automovila,
aicha 
persona fice Rail ovens quien se prests.
para Marielo. For 
detalles sobre Todo esto son
variados y obvian en este informe, plss bay
que haces notar que lumb: muchos cidentes
inos har partie de Todos los que ibainos
participar en esa union.
j
1:
1.
El 10 de abril de 1968 als de la.
Cindad de minico Co Adalberto fara Bamos,
Pail mosino, Carlos Perzabal of
servidos, pues la señora Teresa forada desis
tro del mazi debido a que estaba embarazada
y al Counders peligroso para
ella.
"Uimante al
Uncle Il 
Toragects of a la altura
de Matros Romero Oaxaca, debido a la
alta velocidad o que Cindricia Morens
il anteriovel, anfouis in aparative acc
dente que dejó seriamente dañado el.
automovil. Al llegar a Tuxtla Raul
al
issores babli por Telefonons consi
14-00000
☑
amar del
ferentes a fer de on
mar del at dente 
if
Cadis que le pedion collumera pues su 
padre
libre pridom infarto Candiaco. 
Di Todes
ruskos mollin's Post San Cristobal
, 
diske
•dende most continuaricanos 
el vi
vrage!
мисл
Carlos Perdial llevalia Consigo
publi
Fatemis de FAR aimpresas en la uspresta
All Dr. Mari Marcue 
Pardinas, 
las
que labia reultado entre las paginas de mas
revistas demodas, pero de 
modo Tan
visible que no lands portes de
las llevara. al lligas
снил
G'
Vinil
Tigra
Cindad Curlutérne en Tuxi de alquile
procedimos a documenta pasa el 
paso 
a
Guatemala. Ja. 
Credemeid que
porn
ALL
Tres
se
ам
elabore
in Fara Bamo fineon's perfectamente
by le fue dado com pesmico para wingi wa lug
li
En ose
Guatemala 
validi
of dado que are labiamos tenido dificultad
me
entorpeces mestis mom
.
Elginmay para mo
Too, Tanto fara Bamos como yo`ll petimos
a Pizzabal que 
no eleva las revistas, a
lo que accedio depositanddas 
en via banca
Cerca de la frontera 
usada como letrin..
:
El paso se hizo sin dificultad apa-
11-00000
:
Bamos & in obliter
vinte sale
que
an promise dil Conial de Guatemala, foram.
to usual para Todos los turistas. El Consulado
dibena Cemitan
de quatiqnala que 
liberis funcionar in
Oded. Cauterno, se encuentra for extra
mones by la merilla, dento del Timtoni
Greaternalteco. Fara Bamos seus
C
Tanto nervioso Cuando acridinical Consul
para el pesmico, sans que este extended
sin dificultad. To distante pensamos que
is
el mes de Sam Bamio le provocó
alguna cospecha misma quelling hablar
Conseil Chofer All Taxe qui pro lechers fade
Fire despues com
pues
(spec
Folan anioridades
detrahisondo delinido) Momotaron
las revistas donde Pizzalal habry Mcondido
las publicaciones de FAR.
Mo
Tomam be
que solo pudieron
Miche's sido obtenidas por el Consal ping-
proporcionadas por el Chofer del Taxi que
nos llevo of que
Commitan ya que este durante el Truject.
Mos liablo de su amistad con el consul
of segmente se po das cuenta de
"que "algo "sospechoso dejó perzabal.
en la banaca:
.
1
1400000
En la merili dispicts de passi la aduana
donde se revision 
superficially don-
de 
estes 
presente el Concul, abordamos 
ilma
Camaronita 
de pasareros rumbo a 
ricuctenom.
Go. Pero
alir 
en esta nos dimos 
cuenta que
iste se 
nos rebasó en su automovel
.
seno
end
Al llegas aula Granta de un piccion
Jose CABLE" frime 
ditenidone.
Campaneto 
"EL 
CABLE" from
poradiciones de dicho consul que ens
oficial nos incomunicara. Antes 
de
bajas de la Cannenst in al darro cuenta
de que labia problema, Fara Bamos me
litregó renadine de documentos que llevaba
(paraporte autentics, cedula de vecindad ite
mismo que por fortuna pudimos desapa-
recer antes del registro que el oficial d
practice demus, echandolo por entre has
brindedina's de la banala po prefabri-
Cada of donde nos encerraron:
Por desgracia al practice i
registre a Carlos Perzabal de frison
encontradas un par de botas soviéticas,
una entrevista inconclusa Connector Valle,
da
Camet dela inersidad de 
la
Habancing atis documentos a partic
i
14-00000
alice moment quedame a i sposición del
ejére to suponendo que seriamos asesinado.
Campamento ef" Cable" f
Tamadado por la policia millas Arsion.
lanite a ctos Campamento en el poblado
de "Buenos aires en el llipto. de Huchue-
Cl Transporte se lig
Tinango.
Camen de carga que si lleve pormers
a Hinchsten and donbe Perzabal 
fue
Grevemente intimizade fans fusilados.
quien nos dijo 
que serians
por
am Cornel
Chr el poblado de Buenos aires firms
maltratados durante
antenofalls
Toda la noche, los runterogatores fuesen
michos por separado. Al did 
sigerile
frumos pasladados 
a Guatemala en
naron de las FAG 
# 540, queen
the enviado por el minde
Lifema, mismo que mis recibid in
Il aereomisto militar 
la noche 
del
dia. 14. Todavia dintre del avion, aga
In el Campo Cribré a bordo de call in
$
1*00000
!
me
motermercato con unifi une militas
fillauen me 
pregnanto
de manera violenta sijo
"
Efigenic
یا
me
Mamaba
Wel ceroporto militar frumos Torasladades
al na Camioneta, fara en in Jeep li-
al of Cuerpo de la poliora (Persabalay ago
de fuenos incomunicados en las
mina
a
ли
nas de la celda = "400" usate varias
nockies jums sometidos a
"interogatorios! Chiseres drance, a que
misibatus & mer bran la prescupation
que Teman. En la celda 400 estaban
pilsed algunos membros 
de las FAR
"los benmanos de feon Bamos (Juan Jose
y miquel, an Como el Conscites for a cebollita",
teagurado del atentake a la base 
mich-
Tas de "los Ciprecales y miembro destacada
de las FAR. a estos compañeros dasa Ba-
mios informs con detalle de lo que nos
rabia sucedido. El dia 20 de abril
pudemos ennor clandestinamente
la prensa una nota escrita in una
a
1 Casa vacia de Ciganos que publico

14-00000
L
ildiano "EL CORÁFICO" Il dia 1 de abril.
Por 
este victive fun visitados por el
Consul de mexico al dia signente, e-
vitando así el primer intento de asesina-
To Centra nosotros. fara Bamos para
entonces labia sido identificado of a Comis
Guatemalteas.
Cil lacesse priblica incerta detencion
las autoridades Guatemaltecas inventaron
in dok to repartir mopaganda subveri-
Nan las calles de la Cread of finiss
Juzefado para
Consignados por esto ann
Diretos am juicio.
M
Ч
& 26 de abril fums Trusladados al
Campo ke Concentration & Granja Penal
Paven en una Cuerda konde Tambien
iba el "cebollita" my posiblemente Paray
Bamos a quien dejamos de ver il dir
Trasladados
que fumes Consignades of
a la cruza general. En el camino
a Poron desaparició "Cebollita" a
quien seguin el parte policiaco, "sebreston.
son sus compañeros pero que tue
u
1
14-00000
presivalo po to policin
022
Geks. Bamer
Q. ks. Granza Penal Paron lliganse en
Compania dos bromanos de Seon Be
quines frison 
Compañeros 
durante
Los meses que alli permaneno y 
donde
pude conocer más a fondo la 
realidad de
milleker
Cynatemala y establecer Contactos pasa degint
Trabajando 
pistenstmente
гла
Unante esos mises (Cosi 7) live una
parecha. Comunicación con 
estos and 
mincha-
chos, quienes por aus Condiciones
, findition
explicarme la 
verdadera situation de
las FAR en relacion 
Con la situacion 
gene-
ral del pais.
As necesano haces notas que en esc
Tampo estaban recluidos 
alls & minibre
All: PGT esperando 
la sentenera de bis
Imbunales. 
El representante del grupo
,
FCO Corado, era 
amin adminstraba los
fondos que recibia 
para repartir entre
los presos politicos, 
fondos de los cuales 
no
aporto nunca mada 
a ningun previbre
de las FAR. Cuando nosotros 
liegamo
Trato de acumanos, pero cuando jo le
14-00000
dije que are per-nelia a anna in partido
es de 
"Trot, kista", abusabe que pens
motiv 
por parte de Perzabal (n
ana investigation in pics por parte de
Señora esposa Teresa Posada.
=
For on parte las FAR Incison to mod
Contatando que rys no pestances a pungen
grupo of Tesminando así con una si
tion molesta que se habric Generado.,
A midida que pase el Tiempo fur
haciendo amistad personal con eses
michallipora entonces no haban
pedido, para enviar a la drevoren de FAR
uniforme a cada ame de nostros de Is
on to a guatemala. We
delic
Gill 
and
manera franca y abierta quier
que Carles Perzabal (quan en muchas
ca al porto bren) en este cason
Cults lo verdades motive demues
Ta detencion, for fortuma of Spacias
of los fes que die personalmente
Jaa Barro il tes
pir conducts del Cebollit of
૧
E
bas
14-00000
que
aj
aci Como
kermans de seen, istoria e Coriolian.
me vea obligado a mencionar esto, fo
dinte 
al Tumps que esto
Incarcelados, la fra. Teresa Posada
la señora mama de Peizafal as
el m. mamiel maicué Pardiñas;
propageson / also informes In Contade
min' espora bacanada uparecer como
mnespora,
""delatora" agentie de la Cia, etc. etc; in-
jecides seguramente para ocultes respen.
lindole
sabilidades of por problemas
pesonal que munca debieron megelas.
Charisme Gener ayas buen claro que
Por lo que a isto despeéta estoy dis priesto
a deslundas responsabilidades frente..
a ellos, si es que runoten en esa posicion
¿te.
¡impresioncs bon" CEBOLLITA"
(turale FAR, Augestiones trabajo future ite)
freecondooms rodical entre los drops
Ampo (PET, 13nior. FAR) move dil Fracey-
nabronce, compimento con el PGT asimilacion
dil B de nov. Nombretudo arjen Dia 125
Comandante. Criticas line:
malas
"Cuba, motivo? de las criticas.
1
1400000
falta de Comprension almitude por kas
FAR 
a 
baba en los problemas intern
Cuba
Ai Guatemala #indebids rise all los fondos
proporcionados, ite. Critica a los enacros
formado en la Habano; quenes al regresas
no be nategaban a la realidad de las
Vilindades de las FAR..
Ditmaison actual di FAR.
anarquia, falta de organizacio.
: delalita:
mento, elemento pieno con extusicomo
person formatim ideologies Conecta of
medis materialers. Un profesional de.
FAR "percube im promedio deq40:00 al
mes para outralazs.
•Fattalicumento del Gobienie, expansion
del Cementte con la arguda de USA.
•Wil-litammentor de las Grimbla de
quimela
montaña que obligar al Trabap en la
Cridad (Gremillas teabanas) que motiva a
риглу
of Temoon
represion Cada vez mas fuerte
of Contraproducentt.
:
14-40000
Prisdida de cuadros vals
Mestor Valle, Efigenia, "Cevillity" "el
Bares, ate debidas a falta de organza-
ben demedios of al fistalicuminte de
das fuerzas represives.
gratis
思い
rechaza
* Cacionalismo Guatemalteco que 
recting.
ama ajuda directa en el sentido de partici
poción active for extranjer eller mention -
din por ese nacionalisme, que este tips ac
uyida tonello a veces passa il disanells
de la nev. latinoamericana, imacion
gration a la
mo se planted in m
Comprension de la mentalidad graternal.
Tick for razones de ser chapanced 
by Tenor
•afinidades culturales de años 
con ellos.
que no
'Easo
Distitucion de Cesar Montes por
cos de haber estado mucho Tiempo
fuisa i or antegrase a la lucha en el
aj
momento micisano; impresion que se
Time in Guatemala de algunos elements
quatimatics que liace tiempo viven
In Cuba.
14-00000
_
10
DISPATCH
Chief of Station, Mexico City
LASTESTA
SECRET
0.
Chief, Kestem immisphere Division
FROM
SUBJECT
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
PERMEN/LIRING-3 Operation
ACTICA REPATR
ACTIA REQUIRED: For bexico City, please see Paragraşi. 3
REFERENCES
: A. IBMA-35805, 27 November 1966
B. 1A-35504, 27 November 1968
--
PROCESSING ACTION
WARK FOR INDEXING
180 BOOKING REQUIRED
OR SUALIFIED DESK
CAR JUDGE INDEXING
1. Guatemala City has the following information on Oscar Loizes KOLDAN
Espinoza, who is undoubtedly identifiable with the (scar bises CLIAN E. who
sent one of the letters to LIKING-3 forwarded with: Reference A: FOLIAN Ras
Arrested in the national Deli, abing with one
Oscar Folando ESTRADA Aldana, after robbing a taxi driver of his car. In his
interrogation by the Gateralan authorities, KLIA amitted to being a member
of the jebel Amed Forces (FAR). He stated that the car was to have been used
for a kidnapping, but he refused to name the target of the planned kidnap attempt.
(Note: RULLA named "CANIL" (deceased FAR leader Carlos Francisco ORDOKEZ
Junteagudo), "ARMANC" (unidentifial FAR orian Resistance leader), "JALE"
(Luis Felipe CARVAJAL, FAR Urban Resistance leader) and Percy Amilcar JACOES de
Leca, among others, as FAR zebers with whom he was in contact. This would
te to indicate that POLIAN was an important militant in the FAR uruan kesis-
tance Front.) According to information available to the Station, HADAN was
consigned to the courts. e apparently was later sent to El Pavon prison,
where he ket LG-3.
2. A check of the files of süguel and Juan Jose de LEN Barrios shows
that the home address given by them to the police was the same as the return
address on the letter sent to LIRING-3 by Marta, ," the mother of the de LEON
brothers.
Distribution:
2-005, Mexico City
2-C/10
CROSS REFERENCE 13
CS COPY
1719881
DISPATCH SHABOL AND NUMBER
DATE
HGGA- 9697
13 December 1968
CLASSIFICATION
MQS FILE BURBER
SECRET
21-798301
11-00000
FORM
CONTINUATION OF
DISPATCH
CLASSIFKATON
ITCH SYMBOL AND, NUMBER
SECRET
HOGA- 3697
+
3.
Guatemala City notes in the letter which LIRING-3 received from the
mother of the de brothers reference to greetings being sent from
"Miguel, Elsa, La Negra, la Chiquita, belisa, Maria Llena, and La Coruita.'
It is requested that LIKING-3 te queried for any úctalis to can provide to
further icentify these individuals and any information ne knows as to the FAR
roles of these individuals. Equally, it is requested that LIRING-3 be queṛiui
for similar information on LA, whom it apparently new as "Espinoza."
Finally, Guatemala City will be greatly interested in all of the information
LIRING-3 can provide on "PAVEL," including a full physical description, if and
then be is put in contact with this individual. Since "PAVEL" is supposed to ~
be a "genuine FAR representative," he may well tum cut to be "Javier
Contreras," or the MIGULL" Anown to EBAKRM-1.
4. Por Paragraph 3 of reference 2, watemala City feels that it would
be best to wait until LIRING-3 received a clear idea of what, if any, role
he is to be given by LIRING, before any further direct discussions are necessary
between Guatemala and Mexico City. As discussed during TURMET's recent visit,
Guatemala City's interests would be best served if LIKING-3 can corvince his
LIKE contacts that he is now ready to help in PBRUN's efforts to support
the F, that because of his poor financial positim he will in the future be
forced to work in a controlled fashion for LIRING, and that because of the
contacts which he established with FAR leaders during his Quateraian inpɔtison-
isis by civic can be influencial in heaping
achieve LIRING's ends in its dealings with the FAR. Also, once LIRING-3 has
been put into direct contact with the FAR support network in Mexico City, as
he has been promised, we should have a clearer idea to what extent the FAR
itself plans to utilize LIRING-3.
5. Guatemala City awaits with interest the results of LIKING-3'3
| further discussions with LIKING.
6. For Headquarters: A separate dispatch will be forwarded containing
the information available to the Station on ROLDAN.
6-€4 53ac
140'
Leonard S. TORMET
CLASSIFICATION
PAGE NO.
USE PREVIOUS EDITION.
SEC RET
CONTINUED
2 of 2
:
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONUNT NOT.E.ED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
3
TOTAL COPIES 2 ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
SECRET
GRO.ID1
063030
(When filled inj
H
2
Mination
ADVANCE COPY
D'SSEM BY
ACTION
☐
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROM..B.:CD
ISSUED
☐ SLOTTED
INDEX こ YES ☐ AC
CLASIF TC FILF NO.
Dec 12 3 23
AT.
SACTION COPY
WH8
959
X-REF TO FILE NO.
FILE RID ☐ RET. TO
INFO:
☐ RID COPY
FILE. VR
--
6
9
10
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
P1/AN, W11/C068 C1, C1/OPS, FI 2
=
SECRET 12172 Z DEC 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8397
DIRECTOR INFO WH/MIAMI
PERUMEN
12 DEC 68 IN 53169
di
1. PER LITA INT -2 L IR ING-13 LEAVING DEFINITELY FOR PBRUMEN
20 DEC.
ATTEND.
HAVING DESPEDIA" 12 DEC WHICH LITAINT-2 SCHEDULED
REPLACEMENT CONFIRMED
REPLACEMENT TO BE LIRING-24.
BY LIRING-3 TO WHOM LIRING -12 INTRODUCED LIRING-24 AS "MY SUCCESSOR.'
2. FILE 201-759816, 201-776733.
SECRET
WH/I file:
: LIRING-12
LIRING- 24
LETRING-3
201
SECRET
Keik
$
བཀ
14-00000
1
CLASSIFIKATION
PROCESSING ACTION
DISPATCH
SECRET
MARKED FOR INDEXING
10
Chief, WH Division
X
INFO.
NO INDEXING REQUIRED
ONLY QUALIFIED DESK
CAN SUDE INDEXING
FROM
SUBJECT O
Chief, Finance
Chief of Station, Mexico City
Transmittal of MOC for LIRING-3
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required: FYI
CROFILM
Forwarded herewith is a Memorandum of Oral Commitments
for LIRING-3.
Raquel & Tracker.
for Willard C. CURTIS
་་
Attachment:
MOC (1), h/w
Distribution:
Orig & 2 - C/WHD (w/att. - 2 copies)
2
-
C/FINANCE (w/att
1 copy)
1 b/or Att.
CROSS REFERENCE 10
CS COPY
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
HMMA 35908
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
Ex
::
DATE
29 November 1968
HOS FILE NUMBER
201-798301 ✓
i

14-00000
SE C & 2 7
MORANDUM OF CRAL COMMITMENTS
-
VIA
FROM
:
Chief, Finance Division
: Contract Approving Officer
Chief of Station, Mexico City
Date
ATTHERMENT
награ-родов
29 November 1968
SUBJECT: Ingagement of LIRING-3
as Independent Contractor
1. TERM AND PROJECT CHARGE: The Subject individual has been engaged under oral
contract for use under Project LIRAVINE and is chargeable to LIRAVINE
The effective date of the oral contract is 1 December 196 8 subject to termination
by ODYCKE upon 30 days' actual notice.
2.
+
.
SECURITY APPROVAL: The appropriate security approval for subject's use has
been terminated. Type
Date
3. CITIZENSHIP: Subject (X) is ( ) is not a foreign national.
4. COMPENSATION: The Subject will be paid 4,000 per month
equivalent of tale amount in PPI currency is 320.00 dollars.
(X) will not receive a Christmas bonus equivalent to
320
12-
32
The approximate
Subject ( ) will
Other compensations
None
in the nature of bonus commitments, gifts, paid vacations, etc., include:
If subject
5. TAXES: Subject ( ) is (X) is not subject to PEPRIME income taxes.
to PBPRI incele taxes, payments and/or deductions will be made in the following manner:
1
6. QUARTERS AND/OR SUBSISTENCE: (a) Subject ( ) will (x) will not be furnished
quarters and/or subsistence allowances. (b) The following commitments have been made
regarding naditional compensation to accommodate increase of cost-of-living and quarters
expenses:
7. OPERATIONAL EXPENSES: (a) Subject (x) will ( ) will not be reimbursed fór
operational travel. (b) Subject (x) wili ( ) will not be reimbursed for operational
expenses. State nature of any operational expenses for which Subject will be reimbursed;
operational entertainment, inducement payments, cover expenses.
8. CONTINGENT OBLIGATIONS: The following have not beca promised the individual but
may have to be met by ODTOKE. Give reasca for each contingent obligation:
9. No commitments other than those stated above have been made to the stu
Wall Bt spot.
SIGNED Wallace B. ROWTON
CASE OFFICER
a
Curt
APPROVED Willard CURTIS
Field Contracting Office (COS)
REVIEWEDS
Contract Approving Officer
Jan. 7.1968
· DISTRIBUTION: 3 Authentic copies of Hqs
- File P-
1- Support
12729
WE C RET
PIZ
REVIEWED:
Special Contracting Officer
CS_COPY
J
14-00000
CLASSIFICATION
PROCESSING ALT
DISPATCH
SECRET
MARKED FOR WING
10
Chief, WH Division
X
NO INDEXING
BUFO.
Chief, Finance
ONLY QUALIFIED DESK
CAN JUDGE INDUNG
FROM
Chief of Station, Mexico City
MICROFILMR
SUBJECT
Transmittal of MC for LIRING-3
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required: FYI
CARS
Forwarded herewith is a Nemorandum of Oral Commitments
for LIBING-3.
Attachment:
MOC (1), h/w
Distribution:
Orig & 2 -
-
C/WHD (w/att
C/FINANCE (w/att
CROSS REFERENCE TO
NET
for Willard C. CURTIS
2 copies)
-
1 copy)
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
HIMMA
-
35908
Eigh
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
『:ཟླརཾ།
DATE
314.59
29 November 1968
HOS ELE UBER
201-798301
14-00000
5 E C 2 2 7
ATTACHMENT
HanA-35905
MEMORANDUM OF ORAL COMITMENTS
Date 29 November 1968
ΤΟ
VIA
:
Chief, Finance Division
:
Contract Approving Officer
FROM : Chief of Station, Mexico City
SUBJECT: Ingagement of LIRING-3
as Independent Contractor
1. TERM AND PROJECT CHARGE: The Subject individual has been engaged under oral
contract for use under Project LIRAVINE and is chargeable to LIRAVINE
The effective date of the oral contract is 1. December 1968 subject to termination
by ODYCKE upon 30 days' actual notice.
2.
SECURITY APPROVAL: The appropriate security approval for subject's use has
been terminated. Type
_198_
3.
Date
CITIZENSHIP: Subject (**) is ( ) is not a foreign national.
1
4,000 per month
320.00 collars.
The approximate
Subject ( ) will
Other compensations
None
4. COMPENSATION: The Subject will be paid
equivalent of this acount in POPADE currency is
(XX) will not receive a Christmas bonus equivalent to
in the nature of bonus commitments, gifts, paid vacations, etc., include:
If subject
5. TAXES: Subject ( ) is (X) is not subject to PSPRIME income taxes.
to PBPRIME inebe taxes, payments and/or deductions will be made in the following manner:
6. QUARTERS AND/OR SUBSISTENCE: (a) Subject ( ) will (x) will not be furnished
quarters and/or subsistence allowances. (b) The following commitments have been made
regarding additional compensation to accommodate increase of cost-of-living and quarters
expenses:
7. OPERATIONAL EXPENSES: (a) Subject (x) will ( ) will not be reimbursed fór
operational travel. (b) Subject (x) will ( ) will not be reimbursed for operational
expenses. State nature of any operational expenses for which Subject will be reimbursed;
operational entertainment, inducement payments; cover expenses.
8. CONTINGENT OBLIGATIONS: The following have not beea promised the individual but
may have to be met by 0DYOKE. Give reason for each contingent obligation:
9. No commitments other than those stated above have been made to.
REVIEWED:
Contract Approving Officer
DISTRIBUTION: 3 Authentic copies of Hqs
1 - File p- 12729
1 - Support
SIGNED Wallace B. ROWTON
CASE OFFICER
APPROVED (wh
Field Contracting Office (CCS)
REVIEWED:
"Can we
75/ Rogers C. Brooks'
Spa Contracting Officer
SECR E
14-00000
TO
DREFO
DISPATCH
Chief, WH Division
CLASSIFICATI
SECRET
PROCESSING ACTION
MARKES FOR INDEXING
NO INDERING REQUIRED
ONLY CALIFIED DESK
CAN JUDGE INDEXING
FROM
SUBJECT
City 15
Chief of Station, Mexico City
PBRUMEN/LIRING-3
①Transmittal of Cuban "Literary" Pamphlet
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required: FYI
MUCKOPEN
MICROFILMED
DEC 12 1968
DCC. MICPO. SER.
1. Forwarded under separate cover is an issue of a
supposedly "literary" Cuban publication containing two short
essays by the Salvadorian poet and writer Roque DALTON.
The first of these essays is dedicated to LIRING-3. The
interesting thing is that LIRING-3 was at that time imprisoned
in Guatemala. The essay may thus be viewed as a tribute to
"a suffering supporter of the cause.
"
2. Roque DALTON (201-215097) is, according to the files
of the Station, an agent of the Cuban Intelligence Service
engaged in clandestine activities for the Communist Party of
El Salvador. DALTON spent some time in Czechoslovakia and is
now living in Cuba. He is the brother of Margarita DALTON.
(201-751261), whom the Cuban IS recruited to work in Mexico.
LIRING-3 got to know DALTON in Havana in 1962-63 and became
a close friend of his (see HMMA-32283, 19 June 1967). DALTON
at one point confided to LIRING-3 that he had been approached
by WOFIRM while incarcerated in El Salvador.
3. The Station is hoping that DALTON's essay is an
indication that LIRING-3 is going to be viewed by the Cuban's
in much better light after his incarceration in Guatemala.
A report of LIRING-3's complete debriefing by ROWTON was
forwarded with HMMA-35904, 27 November 1968.
Attachment:
Magazine (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2 C/WHD (w/att
s/e att il
CROSS REFERENCE TO
3201-215097.
3201-751261
-
+ Franger
for Willard C. CURTIS
-
1 copy)
CS COPY
DISPATCH: SYMBOL AND NUMBER
HMMA - 35915
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
DATE
29 November 1968
GROUP T
Evelut:HOS FREE NUMBER
201-798301
SECRET
14-00000
NOT SUITABLE FOR MICROFILM,
SECRET
TO
: Chief, WH Division
FROM: Chief of Station, Mexico City:
Separate Cover Attachment to
HMMA-35915
C$ COPY.
201-798301
HMMA-35915.
s/catt: 1
14-00000
RC-10
Adolfo Sánchez
Vázquez Alberto
•
Moravia Jacques
Charriere Charles
Bettelheim Roque
Dalton José Leza"
ma Lima Cmdte.
Jorge Serguera
14-00000
ENTREMESI'S
JAPONESES
Director Artístico
ROLANDO FERRER
Escenografía
RAUL OLIVA
Vestuario
MARIA ELENA MOLINET
Conjunto de Arte Teatral|
LA RUEDA
SALA HUBERT DE BLANCK
Calzada entre A y B / Vedado
este número:
and pipes a
La Industria azucarera analizada dentro del contexto histórico de Cuba, es el
tema del trabajo PROMETEO ROMPE UNA CADENA del Comandante-forge--
Serguera ⚫QUE ES LA PRAXIS? de Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, capítulo de
su libro Filosofía de la Praxis, editado en México. Sánchez Vázquez es profe-
sor de la Facultad de Filosofia y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de México
y autor de diversos trabajos filosóficos: Marxismo y Existencialismo, Las, ideas
estéticas de Marx, etc., este último libro ha sido publicado en Cuba por el
Instituto del Libro • BASE ECONOMICA Y SUPERESTRUCTURAS IDEO-
LOGICAS de los economistas franceses Charles Bettelheim y Jacques Cha-
rriere, este trabajo forma parte del libro La construcción del Socialismo en
China, publicado en México por la editorial ERA • LA PALMA DE LA
MANO, poema del cubano josé Lezama Lima (Dador, Versos Orficos, P.-
radiso). Lezama Lima trabaja en el Instituto de Literatura y Linguística
de la Academia de Ciencias ⚫LA CASA DE CARLOS y PRIMAVERA EN JEVA-
NI, textos del poeta salvadoreño Ręque Dalton (El turno del ofendido poesíal
• DEBATE, entre el escritor Alberto Moravia y cinco estudiantes italianos,
Este debate fue organizado por L'E-preso da Roma, y en él se penen de manie
fiesto las contradicciones existentes entre la actual generación de intelectuales
y la anterior, de la que forma parte el escritor Muravia.
RC
REVOLUCION
WUQLIQD A
REVISTA BIMENSUAL
Año 1
Mayo 15 de 1968
Número 10
"Año del Guerrillero Heroico"
Director: Lisandro Otero
Secretaria de Redacción:
Rebeca Chávez
Impresa por el Institute del Libro,
Unidad Productora N° 11.
Huhana, Cuba
Telf: 80 3920.
Territorio Libre de Amērlen
Precio por ejemplar: 20 elvs,
14-00000
Proineteo
romjpe
una cadena
Cmdte. Jorge Serguera
Cuando aquel aparato comenzó con su
ruido atronador a echar paja por detrás,
caña en trozos por el costado izquierdo,
humo por aretha y cortalin hojas verdes
y cogollo, alante, hueia la izquierda: al-
guien dijo: ¡ baro! Se habia reall-
zado un sueño que teria 100 años. Parece
que le va a Begar la hora de museo al
machete. Pero todavia foltu; ahora hay
que construir muched sobre todo me.
jorarla. Hay que potentaria para, quo
Todo el mundo porda usarla y uno solo no
Be enriquozen con el trabaje de todos:
la patente revolucionaria.
La esclavitud fue sustituida por el co-
lorato, Una e pecle de servidumbre qu
se hizo tan común en muestro país que
cualquiera se hubiese asombrado de que
asi no fuese, Cuando precio numienin
ba en el merenuo mundial la alegria del
cubano hacia carnaval y se enfrentaba a
unn dauza de millores. Cuando minian el
precio del nailcar la tasa de crecimiento
de muertes aumentaba por via del sulei
dio como ocurrid en 1930 1932. Si habia
paz entre unciones poderosas habla eri-
Bis económica en Cuba, si habia guerrit,
prosperidad, Asi fellmyente puede inferles
ae que la base del protiese extaba en la
guerra. Teoria muy común, el pasado,
Cuando el precio era unyo había là esp².
ranza del aumento. Chando era alto el
temor de que bajara. Asi in mentalidad
azucarera del pueblo a cura del mono-
cultivo, o como técnicamente dicen, eco-
nomia unilineel, era inestable. Y si so
tiene en cuenta además la historia de los
últimos 60 años, sus convulsiones, gue-
rras, etc., el desequilibrr. económico te
nla que ser factor de angi stias y alegrías,
esperanzas y desdiusioner que gravaban
hondamento el pensumie ito del pueblo,
Cualquier oscilación de precio se sentia
desde el último bohio hasta in primera
residencia, Claro está que en forma muy
diferente.
No obstante saber todo o mundo o do
clr que el problema era el monocultivo y
que habla que diversificar los cultivos
para liberarse de la do mndencia de un
producto, sobre todo después de la crisis
económlen do los años 0, no se hizo:
porque el uso de las in quinas cortado.
rns, para realizar la má: dura de todas
las operaciones de recolet den "no se per-
mite en Cuba donde hay superexistencia
de mano de obra y las byes sociales vi-
enter hacen su to extr madamente di-
Hell" (carta de Agregado Agricola de los
Estados Unidos, La Habra, 16 de febrero
de 1954). Y también porque "la mecani
anelón en cualquier cam in de actividad
humana Incluyendo in agricultura, no
debe ser Hovada demas do lejon si ha
do amargar a los hombres quo aman la
Herrn, la libertad y in dig riched personal".
Por eso en la Unión Soviétien, donde in
mecanización sobrepusa elino in agro
industrialización, de la producelón cuba,
na del azúcar, se dice que los campesinos
"Hararean canciones de pri testa aun a ries
go de ser enatigados sove omente" (Azú❤
car Amargo, Byron Whi e, pág. 48).
Todos estos pretextosotros, reflejos
de una realidad social, de una contradic
clón insuperable en las co udiciones en que
se plantenlin, caracterizó el periodo pre-
revolucionario. Era verdad que el 56% do
la tierra cultivada ern dedicada a enfin,
Que el cultivo era extensivo; pero sobre
todo porque "una meennización óptima
y precipitada de los campos enñeros po-
dria tener consecuencias coóticas, a me.
nos do encontrar inmediatamente otros
empleos para esa fuerza de trabajo",
Byron White, pág. 50),
La Contradicción que sólo unn Revolu-
clón podria resolver:
Cuba era un país de monocultivo, El
50% de la tierra cultivada era dedienda
in cuña. El producto do mayores dividen-
currencia privileglada de Cuhu en el mer-
cado mundial. Este sueño do ato de los
capitalistas cubanos fue cortado con un
simple sistema de cuotas que în metrópo'l
norteamericana impuso, poniendo asi paz
entre los inquietos tutelados. Natural-
mente que la medida determinó también
un estancamiento económico.
Internamente, los obreres se oponían
a todo lo que fuese mecanización porque
esta neurrenria un desempleo en masa y
-no se velan; por no existir, posibilidades
de opción en otros trabajos que no fueso
la industria azuemera,
11 ancño de industrializar y diversificar-
-dos, por via de exportación, era el azúcar-la agricultura del pais no portia realizarse
El volumen de las importaciones estaba
determinado por la cantidad de azúcar
exportada. El desbalance podria ser re-
sultado de la oscilación del precio en el
mercado mundial. La especitien o especial
calidad del suelo cubano para el cultivo
de la caña, más los bajos salarios de la
mano de obra para el corte fueron deter-
minantes en el análisis de la costeabilidad
más baja de la producción azucarera cu-
bana en comparación con Hawai y Lou.
slana, donde la mecanización agricola del
corte, niza y siembra pudieron haber de-
terminado un costo más bajo en la pro-
ducción, en la década dos 40 al 30.
Con una población de mas de 5 millo
nes de habitantes entre lo.. años 40 y 50,
Cuba destiumba 500.000 al corte de enña
O sen ceren del 10% de la población, Pero
al se considera in pobincón nefivi en
edad de trabajo, los números varian es-
candalosamente.
Los propietarios necesitaban manó de
obra, barata, y en cantläst paru realizar
la zafra. La recolección duraba cuatro
meses, Los temporeros de zafra se con-
vertinn en desempleades cuando ésta ter.
minaba. Meennizar la industria azucarera
-podrin significar un aumento de Ins uti-
Ídades por el bajo costo de producción
que conllevaria; pero el desempleo au.
mentari agravando una situación social
cuyos resultados eran imprevisibles, Por
otra parte, a nivel internacional, una dis-
minución en costo do producción azuen-
rera tie Cuba, óptima en este caso, sería
determinante del precio, por cuanto éste,
lejos de venir determiando por în oferta
y la demanda, es resultado de los prome-
dios sociales de produccion a nivel inter.
nacional. Esto hubiese provocado la quie-
bra en Hawni, Puerto Rico, Luisiana, etc.
Y los norteamericanos, tutores y benefi
cinrlos de la explotación neocolonial ve-.
laban por un cierto equilibrio en sus neo-
colonias. El desplazamento de otros
productores hubiese perdido una con.
porque su estado de dependencia econó-
mica y neocolonial no se lo permitia. La
politica del comprador determinaba el
producto. Para industrialzar y diversifi-
car hay que ser libres y los gobiernos
cubanos eran dependientes de la metrópoli
norteamericana que no habia previsto en
su planificación de obtención de beneficios
estas aspiraciones. La importación de ma-
terias primas y la exportacion de exceden.
tes manufacturados es un privilegio de
grandes y desariolindos. El chiquito que
legalin tarde a la mesa to podia sentarso
a comer, Tenia que esperar a que los
"grandes" terminasen; pero eran de una
voracidad sin limites, Marti lo había pre-
visto. "El pueblo que compra, manda.
El pueblo que vende, sirve Hay que equi»
librar el comercio, para asegurar la ll-
bertad. El pueblo que quiere morir, ven-
de a un solo pueblo; y el que quiere sal-
varse, vende a más de uno" (Obras com-'
pletas, Vol. II. Tomo 1, pág. 262).
La verdadera liberación se halla en esaS
palabras: La evolución tenia que resol❤
ver esa contradicción:
Una ley de desarrollo capitalista es que
In, acumulación se hace a expensas de la
explotación, empobrecimiento y depnupe-
ración progresiva de los proletarios; Por
que el valor de în fuerza de trabajo viene
determinado por 'a posibilidad de repro-
ducción de dicha fuerza. Al aplicar esta
ley del desarrollo capitalista, în clase d
minante obtlene benefielos a expensas de
la clase obreța; pero en la interrelación
de fuerzas y con el provio desarrollo del
capitalismo, la dirección principal de la
explotación en los paises capitalistas, pиGÓ
de la clase obrera nacional a las colonias
y neocolonias, sufriendo estas últimas el
mayor rigor de la ley de valor y produ̟-
ciéndose la actual acumulación de capital
de los paises desarrollados » expensas de
los subdesarrollados. Per eso mientras
más desarrollados son uncs, más atrasa➡
dos son otros.
14-00000
Esta contradicción: para poder desarro-
Harse hay que ilberarse del explotador,
se planteaba en Cuba de forma confusa,
como un circulo vicioso Para salir del
monocultivo y dependencia económica de
un producto hay que diversificar e indus-
trializar y para lograr la industrialización
y diversifiendien agricola hay que liberar
la fuerza de trabajo desticada al azúcar
a tray is de la mecanización cañera s pura
mecanizar hace falta la seguridad excond-
mica de que ésta rendirá utilidades.
El Circulo Vidoso."-
a) Los obrero se opontan a la mecanl
zación porque no exista otra alter-
nativa de trabajo.
b) Los capitalistas no mecanizaban por
la inseguridad del precio en el mer-
cado mundial,
La mecanización debe habérsele pre-
sentado a algtais como una inversión
dudosa. Por otra pute la mano de
obra eta barata y en grandes canti-
cades. El suelo tema tales caracte
risticns que casi sia atención produ.
cia en condiciones expotables.
c) Hay un factor más complejo: La in-
dustria azuemera no tenia perspecti »
vas a largo plazo; pero tampoco era
desechable en lo mediato por la
rentabilidad que producia. Su futuro
eva invierto; però su presente daba
utilidades, Estas caracteristicas, cant-
Bag de inestabuindad, vaellaciones, crl-
kis, alzas y bajas, lejos de provocar
decisiones en una u otra dirección,
mantuvo un estatismo en los propie-
tarios y gobernantes, Tel parece que
hubiesen esperado que un impandera.
ble o el simple transcorso del tiempo
resolvlose una situmeión que a la par
que les preocupaba, demostraban
ineptitud para resolver.
d) Si el azucar era in fuente principal
de ingresos y acumulación, por tan-
to la base financiera del desarrollo
deblu ser ésta,
Problemas específicos;
a) 500,000 cortadores de caña. Repre
genta el 10 del total de la pobla
ción y ceven del 40% de la población
en edad laboral,
la tierra cuitivada des
b) 36
tinada a caðu
c) La concentración de la caña: la úni
ca netividad productiva que podia
permitir ingresos casi seguros, se en,
contraba distribuida entre un número
relativamente bajo,
d) La repartición den ocrática de la
fuerza de trabajo er 1, como las ins-
talaciones azucarera, horizontal, es
decir, a lo largo y ancho de la isla.
Concentrar las instalaciones azuca.
reras en tierras de mayor productivi-
dad y acorde con les ustalaciones de
mayor capacidad, sonia también in
concentración de la mano de obra,
Las dos fuentes do rip ezas principulos
de Cuba, suelo y Mano de Obra, quedaron
supeditados a un monocul.ivo cuyo futuro
era incierto.
Puceron haber arriesado la diversi-i
ficación e industrialización del pais no
tanto con las probabilida tes de ganancia
de un producto inseguro,, sito con la rea-
lidad de un suelo rico una fuerza de
trabajo apta, pero por eptitud y con-
formisano unidos a las presiones y tutela
de los Estados Unidos me encararon con
resolución un proceso d námico que su
visión estrecha les hacia aparecer está-
tico.
El simple transcurso del tiempo con
dcs consecuencias inevitables, una social
y otra económica (creem-iento de la po.
blación y concentración de capital), en
las condiciones de la economía cubana,
conducta a una crisia del sistema imperans
te: la Revolución fue la respuesta. Al
donde la burguesia en su doble condielón
de propietaria y gobernu te demostró in-
capacidad y vaciló, In Revolución tenia
que superarla. La Revo retón heredó los
problemas que no habían sido encarados
yontradleciones que no hablan sido
resueltas,
Las soluciones que al unos escritores
progresistas, estudiosos o economistes
planteaban a los graves problemas de la
economila nacional, no sólo resultaban con
el tiempo meros paliativos que solamento
logratian la dilación de crisis e irre-
solución de los problema, sino que re-
sultaban reformas impracticables por las
contradicciones que a F1 vez creaban.
Véase a modo de ejem o el apéndice
No. 5 de José Antonio Cerra, de fecha
28 de septiembre de 1942 También al.
gunas conclusiones de Ivion White en
"Azúcar Amargo", pág. 178 y siguientes.
Pero la Revolución no olamente here-
dó problemas y contradle ones, sino qua
por su sola presencla y navaraleza del pro-
veso como otros problems y contradle-
clones que se vieron agud zados tanto por
la agresividad que desde el primer mo-
mento desarrollaron los imperialistas e+5–
tadounidenses como por a ignorancia y
fnita de madurez del pin blo, quien per
mendo por las ideas faciles del pasado
creia que con la simple na dionalización de
la industria azucarera y otros sectores
pedinn superarse los problemas. La dis-
tribución de la riqueza, acumulada por la
burguesia hasta entonces, no hubiese ser-
vido para sobrevivir más que pocos años
y además de ser utópica hubiese ennfe-
nado el desarrollo industrial del pais. Por
otra parte, el capital neumulado no bog-
taba para funciar un diver ofleación
agricola nl instalaciones Industriales.
También el mercado seguro que los Esta-
dos Unidos representaba para las expor
- taciones azucareras y las importaciones,
tento de alimentos, articulos de lujo y
piezas de repuesto, desaparecia. La sc.
guldad que la burguesia aceptaba, a pre
clo de angustia e incertidumbre, esta co-
guridad relativa, desaparecia con la
Revolución.
Esta era resultado de una contradicción
que en el plano de las relaciones inter-
nacionales, bilaterales y casi exclusivas
entre Cuba y los Estados Unidos, los úl-
timos llevaban la mejor parte. El desa.
rrollo económico tenia que haberlo enca-
rado la burguesia cubana a pesar de los
Estados Unidos, Desarrollar si se quiere una
concepción nacionalista, chauvinista, ₫2
independencia económica, pero su concep«
ción de fatalismo geográfico, sus temores
y balbuceos le impidieron realizar una po-
flea para la que harin falta, además
de coraje, intelligencia De una parte la
naturaleza del imperialismo se revela In-
enpuz para conceder reformas y por otra,
ca una caracteristien sulcencils de las '
burguesias nacionales latinoamericanas, sit
temor a rebelarse contra los tutores do
una pollilea y economia que por su poder
y rapnellad les infunde teinor, En el caso
de latinoamérica no es tanto que no haya
cristalizado una conciencia nacional bur-
guesa, sino que in existen de esta clase
tiene una conciencia de dependencia de
Estados Unidos que la imempacita en este
periodo histórico para ver la posibilidad
de una existencia Independiente,
Con el triunfo de la Revolución, los bur-
gueres y pequeños burgueses abandonaron
Cuba, no solainente por las intervencion^3
revolucionarias, sino también por la con-
vicción que tenían de que no podia man-
tenerse un gobierno que aplicare una po
litica no sólo a pesar de los Estados Uni-
dos, sino contra los intereses y objetivos
de los Estados Unidos, Hebían sido mvý
dependientes y cobardes, Desarrollaron y
acept iron come neuestionables, conceptoa
que elevaron a categorias de axiomas pɔ.
Jiticos, sin percatarse que eran el reflejo de
in ideologia y creencie temerosas: "Sn
azúcar no Lay Pais". "El pueblo cubano,
es haragán", "Cuba está muy cerca de los!
Estados Unidos para hacer lo que le plnz-
ca", etektera.
Si al gobierno de los Estados Unidos
y a las burguesias latinoamericanas causó
usombro y estupefacción la proclamación
socialista de la Revolución cubana, en los
cobmies burgueses y pequeños bingues,
arl como en los cubanos in Minnal, el orf-
Hen ich asombro a era turto económico,
sino que provenia del hecho de que se
mantuviese In Revolución. La cobardín ja-
más concibe otras soluciones quo--las-ya
experimentadas. Para ellos las reformas
eran dificiles, casi utópicas. ¡Una Revolu.
ción, imposible!
LOR_Rovicllcos_x.demás-pulseu-coelalle
tas ofrecieron mercado para el azúcar.
Las inversiones económicas para el de-
sarrollo de la industria que la lógica prio-
rizaba, se vicron obstaculzadas por el blo--
quco impuesto por los no. teamericanos
y por la necesidad de desarrollar un apa-
iato militar fuerte y moonísimo, capaz
de enfrentar tanto las agresiones, como
las amenazas constantes que los Estudos
Unidos y gobiernes lutin.cumericanos rea.
lizaban.
Hoy la situación se planten cón agudeza. ·
Para levar adelante in diversificación
agricola o industrialización del pais, hace
fulla mano de obra, Lo, cithanos en edad
laboral somos unos 2.000.000 y el 30 por
ciento está dedicado a la recolección AZU-
carorn.
Liberar esta fuerza de trabajo supono
la posibilidad de dirigirla a otros sectores
donde su productividad y desarrollo per-
mita la acumulación de riquezas necesa-
rias àl despeque coonóndeu. I ara esto hay
que mecanizar în industion.azuenrera, La
máquina que corte y ake Berará no sólo
500 630 cubangs, formid ihte fuerza de tra-
bajo, sino que terminira por primera
vez con el fatigoso corte de caña, uno de“
los trabajo, más duros y violentos que en
el planeta se conoce. El machete, simbolo,
de libertad y esfuerzo del cubano, también
signo de dependencia y angustia, se con-
vertirá en una pieza de riuso,
Todavia por algunos años habrá que
depender de morocultiva cañero, y del
uzúcar ramo producto pimcipal de expor.
tación. Esta prioridad zavürera es una
de las razones que detreseina: la imposi :
Lilidad de contar con muro de obra nu-
Belzute para desarrollar ofton cultivos de
manera intensa. Es posiblemente sólo eri
Cuba, donde se da ei fon in eno de un equi-
librio entre la densidad de población y las
Herras cultivables, equinbile en nuestro
enso desfavorable al Jesarrollo económl-
co, y que re ve causado o agravado por
el predominio cañero.
|ག:*** * ༥༩, ་r
ཨཱn m ! ieiE rva vt 』s iiitopimekte =pha
14-00000
Si en vez de 7 millones fiésemos 10 ml-
Henes de cubanos el problema se plantea.
ria en otros términos. Podila tal vez en¬
cararse la mecanización azucarera como
paulatina y paralela al desarrollo de otros
sectores; pero en nuestras condiciones la
mecanización resulta un requisito sino
qua ncn.
Pero la mecanización no sólo prodica
efectos económicos, sino que el más pro-
fundo es de caràcter leo. La verdadera
liberación será de la fatigasa carga del
corte manual,
Alguien in dicho que el verdadero fin
de la Revolución es uña máquina cortado-
ra, que cuando esto ocurra la Revolución
´habrá roto una de las cedemas más pe-
sudas y dificiles.
Esto representará la liberación de una
parte considerable de la población en
edad laboru y romperá las barreras de
unu baja productividad enyos resultados
a mediano y larro plazo, son dificiles do
preveer. Lp industria avearera sigue
slendo incleta, en tand estate in posibili,
das de produir azúcar siático; en con-
diciones económicas Pero Fusta tauto eso
no ocurra, la industria azucarera de la
caña, sequitá siende la bare de nuestro
desarrollo económies, y en preos aflos, des-
cansend, en lus riquezas de muestro suelo
y en la fuerza de nues to pueblo, la Re-
volución habrá resucito is contradicciones
y problemas que timoratos y vacilantes no
supièron encarar con el valor y el coraje
que le habian legado las tradiciones mam-
bisas: el machete que sirvió para romper
el nudo con España, s rve hoy también
como garante exclusivo, per la mano que
lo empuña, de un descello económico
en el que sir riesgo de n ngún tipo pueden
contine todos los gobler 1os y pueblos del
mundo.
a) La combinada de corte y alza que
vimos en la Básica del Cauto repre-
senta una ayuda silmable al pro.
longado esfuerzo y acrificio que hay-
que realizar en are: de una acumu
lación de riquezas para financiar-tan-
to la industria como la diversifiención
agrícola.
b) Representa un iner mento de la po-
blación en edad lat sval,
c) Hará desaparecer uir especie de sen
timiento de culpal lidad que natu-
ralmente tenemos que sentir todos
respecto al obrero gricola cortador.
d) La máquina de cort y alza constitu-
ye el primer eslabón de la Revolucion
Industrial neccteria a nuestro desa-,
rrolio y nuestro liberación.
¿Que es
la Praxis?
Actividad y praxis.
Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez
Toda praxia es actividad, pero no toda
netividad es praxis. Al señalar Marx qua
el idealiumo, en contraste con el materia-
lis:no, adimite el lado activo de la relación
sujeto-objeto, y al subrayar, a su vez, su
defecto -ne vor esta actividiul como prác.
thea- nos proviene contra todo intento
do establecer un signo do igualdad entro
actividad y praxis. De ahí que para deli.
mitar el contenido propio de esta ultima
y su relación con otras cilvidados, sea
preciso distinguir la praxis, como forma
de actividad pecifion, de otras que puid
dien estar incites Intimamente vliculadas
a ella.
Por actividad en general, entendemos
el acto o conjunto de actos en virtud de
los cuales un sujeto netivo (agente) mo
difica una materia prima dada. Esta
caruuterización do in nelivalid justamento
por su generalniad no experilica el tipo do
agente (fisico, biológico o humano) ni la
naturaleza de la materia prima sobre la
que actúa (cuerpo fisico, ser vivo, viven
cia psiquica, grupo, relación o institución
social) i detorinina tampoco la e-pocio
de actos (fisicos, psíquicos, sociales) que
conducen a cierta trami fornición. El re
sustada de la netiyakud, a son, su producto
se da usiamo, en niveios diversos: pue
I do aer una nuova particula, un concepto,
un útil, una obra artistica o un nuevo sis
toma social.
En esto amplio sentido, actividad se
opone a pusividad, y su osfera es la de la
efectividad, no la de lo meramente posl.
ble.
Agente es lo que obra, lo que actúa
y no lo que eath solemente en posibilidad
o disponibilidad de actuar u obrar. Su
actividad no es potencial, sino actual. Se
da efectivamento sin que pueda ser sepa.
rada del acto o conjunto de actos que la
constituyen. La actividad muestra en las
rolaciones entre las partes y el todo los
rasgos de una totalldad concreta. Varios
actos desarticulados o yuxtapuestos ca•
sualmente no permiten hablar de activi
dad; es preciso que los actos singulares
so nitleulen o estructuuren, como elemen.
Los de un todo, o de un proceso total, qua
desemboca en la modificación de una ma-
teria prima. Por ello, a los actos del
agente y a la materia sobre la cual se
elerce esta actividad, hay que agregar el
resultado o producto que es era materia
mirmu ya transformada por el agente.
Nuestro concepto do actividad es to sue
flelentemente amplio para que englobe,
por ejemplo: a un niyef fisico, las relacio
nes nutelares do determinadas particulas
que conducen a la transformación de unos
elementos quiinlegs en su conjunto, o la
actividad de un órgano en particular; a
un nivel psíquico, Ins actividades del hom.
bre o del animal del tipo de la sonsorial,
refleja instintiva, etcétera; en este plano
instintivo, la actividad puede manifestarse
como una serie de actos tan complejos
como el de la construcción de un nido por
un pájaro, sin que por ello deje de ser
una actividad meramente biológica, n&•
tural. El hombre también puede ser su
7.
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14-00000
8
Jeto de actividades -biológicas o Instin-
tivas que no rebasan su nivel mera-
mente natural y que, por tanto, no pode
mos considerarlas como especificamente
humanas.
La actividad propiamente humana sólo
se da cuando los actes dirigidos a un ob-
jeto para transformarlo re inician con un
resultado ideal, o tin, y terminan con un
resultada o producto efectivos, reales. En
este caso, los actos no sólo se hallan de-
terminados enstalmente por un estado
anterior que se te cinco efectivamento-
-determinación del pasado por el pre-
ento, sino por algo que no tiene una
existonela efectiva aún y que, sin embar-
go, determina y regula los diferentes au-
tos antes de desembocar en un resultado
real; o sea, In determinación no viene del
pasado, sino del futuro.
La adecuación a fines,
Este moda de articulación y determi
nución de los diferentes netos del proceso
activo distinguen radicalmente la activi
dar especificamente humana de cualquier
otra que halie a un nivel meramente
natural. Dicha actividad entraña ka in-
tervención de la conclencla gracias a la
cual el resultado estate dos vewy en
tiempos distintos--, como resultado ideal
y como producto real. El resultado real
que se quiere obtiner, existe primero
idealmente, como mero prodato de la
conciencia, y los diferentes actos del pro-
so se articulan a estructum conforme
al resultado que se da primero en el tiems
po, e decir, of resultado kient. Por esta
articipacion del resultado que se preten
de obtener, la actividad propiamente hu
mana tiene un carácter consciente. Lo
caracteristico de ella es que por mucho
que diste el resultado read det ideal se tras
ta, en todo caso, de adecuar intencional.
mente el primere al segundo, Ello no
significa que el resultado obtenido haya
do ser forzosamente una mera duplica-
ción real de un modela ideal preexistente,
No; la adecuación no tiene por qué ser
perfecta. Puede asemejarse poco, e inchi
sc nada, al fin originario, ya que este su-
fre cambios, a veces radicales, en el pro-
ceso de su realización. Ahora bien, para
que pueda hablare de actividad humana
basta que se plantee en eila un resultado
Ideal o fin a cumpur, come punto de par-
tida, y una intencion de adecuación, inde
pendientemente de cómo se plasme, en
definitiva, el modelo ideal originario,"
Esta inadecuación entre intención y re-
sultado se pone de manifiesto tanto en la
actividad de los individuos como en la
propiamente social. Aqui, mientras los
hombres no son conscientes de las leyes
que rigen el proceso econón leo-social, p
persecución de diferentes Ines por los
miembros de la sociedad da lugar a auta
vidades diversas de los individues o gru-
pos sociales en los que dichos fines se
contraponen, equilibran os subordinan
entre si produciendo result: dos que no
concuerdan con sus intenciones o que so
dan con Independencia de és as, Las re
laciones de producción, por ejemplo, son
relaciones que los hombres contraen inde-
pendientemente de su voluntad y de sa
conciencia.
Es decir, son producidas por
los hombres como productos suyos inin-
tencionales. El progreso histórico se
euracterizará, entre otras e sus, por una
stiperación de esta inintencionalidad. Lor
hombres que en el pasado prelujeron inin.
tencionalmente la esclavitud et feudalls-
mo y el capitalismo se propon en hoy, cons
cientemente, la destrucción de las rela
ciones capitalistas de produte ión y la ins-
tauración del socialismio, Pezo aunque la
historia humana registra re miltados que
nadie ha querido, esta inin encionalidad
no es sino la forma que socla mente adop.
ta el resultado de la activida i desplegada
por los individuos como seres sociales
que actúan conscientemente, Volvere
mos más adelante ten el capitulo V) sobre
esta cuestión,
La actividad humana es, por tanto, ac
tividad conforme a fines, y & os sólo exis
ten por el hombre, como pro luctos de su
conclenela, Tode acción ver maderamente
numana exige cierta conciencia de un fin,
el cual se supedita al curso de la actividad
misma.
El fin es, a su vez, la expresión de clor-
ta actitud del sujeto nnte la realidad. Por
el hecho de trazarmę un fin, i dopto clerta
posición ante ella. Quien se propone_ren«
lizar un viaje, construir una silla, plutar
un cuadro o transformar un régimen so-
cial, mestra determinade, actitud ante una
situación real, presente. Si el hombre
viviera en plena armonía con la realidad,
o en total conciliación con su presente, no
semiría la necesidad de nejarlos ideal-
mente ni de configurar en × 4 conclencla
una realidad inexistente aún. Carece de
sentido, en verdad, proponerse un fin ya
alcanzado, o un resultado obtenido.
1in prefigura idealmente lo qué aún no se
logra alcanzar. Por el hecho de trazarse
fines, el hombre nicga una_r_alidad_ofec-
tiva, y afirma otra que no existe todavia,
Pero los fines son producto: de la con-
elencia, y, por ello, la activid: & que rigen
es consciente. No se trata de la netivi-
dad de una conciencia pura, sino de la
conciencia de un hombre so dal que no
puede preselndir de la producción de fines
en ninguna forma de netividi d, Incluyen-
do, por supuesto, la práctica, material, (5)
El
Marx hace resaltar el papel del fin en una
actividad pretien como el trabajo huma-
no: «Al final del proceso de trabajo, brota
un resultado que antes de comenzar el
proceso existia ya en la mente del obrero:
es decir, un resultado che tenía ya exis
tencia ideal. El obrers no se limita a
hacer cambiar de forma la materia que le
brinda in maturaleza, sino que, ni mismo
tiempo, realiza en ella su fin, fin que él
sabe que rige como una ley las modudida
des de su nefunción, y al que tiene que
supeditar su voluntad.(6)
Al subrayar aqui el papel de la produc-
ción de fines en el proceso de trabajo,
Marx destaen asimismo el papel del objeto
—la materia que le brinda la nattuale¨
za sobre el cual se ejerce dicha neti-
vidad. La transformación de la natura.
leza material en productos mediante cl
trabajo no podría darse sin estas condi
clones materiales, pero, a su vez, Marx
subraya justamente por tratarse del fra.
bajo conto una netividad especificamente
humana el papel determinante del fin, y
su carácter de ley en dicho proceso de
transformación material.
El fin, por tanto, prefigura aquí el re-
sultado de uma netividad real, práctica,
que ya no cả purn netividadl do în concien
ein. Gracias a ello, el hombre no se halla
en una relación de exterioridad con sus di.
ferentes actos y con su producto como su
cede cuando se trata de un agente fisico
animal, sino en una relación de interio-
ridad con ellos, ya que su conciencia esta-
blece el fin como ley de sus netos, ley a la
que se subordinan, y que rige, en clerto
modo, el producto. Este dominio jamás
puede ser absoluto, ya que se halla limi
tado por el objeto de in neción y los me
dios con que se lleva a cabo la materiali-
zación los fines,
Asi, pues, al anticipar idealmente el re-
sultado efectivo, puede ajustar sus actos
como elementos de, una totalidad regida
por el fin. Esta prefiguración ideal del
resultado real diferencia radicalmente la
netividad del hombre de cualquier otra
actividad animal que, externamente, pu-
diera asemejarse a ella. «Una araña -dl-
ce Marx ejecuta operaciones que seme-
jan las manipulaciones del tejedor, y la
construcción de los panales de las abejas
podrin avergonzar, por su perfección, a
más de un maestro de obras. Pero hay
aigo en que el peor maestro de obras
aventaja, desde luego, a la mejor abeja,
y es el hecho de que, antes de ejecutar
in construcción, la proyecta en su cere-
brow,(7)
Tomando en cuenta la semejanza exter-
na que puede darse entre clertos actos
animales y humanos, hay que concluir
que la actividad propia del hombre no
puede reducirse a su mera expresión exte-
rior y que de ella forma parte esencial-
mente la actividad de la conciencia. Esta
actividad se despliega como producción de
fines que prefiguran idealmente el resul-
tado real que se quiere obtener, pero se
manifiesta, asimismo, como producción de
conocimientos, es decir, en forma de con-
ceptos, hipótesh4, teorias o leyes medianto
los etudes el hombre conoce in realidad.
Entre la actividad cognoscitiva y le te
leológica hay diferencias importantes, pues
mientras la primera tiene que ver con una™
realidad presente de la cual se pretende
dar razón, la segunda hace referencia a
una realidad futura, y, por tanto, inexis
¨tente aún. “Por otro lado, mientras la ac
tividad cognoscitiva de por si no entraña
una exigencia de acción efectiva, la acti
vidad teleológica lleva implicita una exi-
gencia de realización, en virtud de la cual
He tiende a hacer del fin una entisa de la
aceión tent.. En efecto, en cuanto anti-
"cipación, ideal de un resultado real que
se quiere alcanzar, el fin es también expre
sión de una necesidad humana que sólo sa
satisface con el logo del resultado que
aquel prefigura o anticipa. Por elle, no
es sólo anticipación irical de lo que está
por venir, sino de algo que, además, quq• •.
remos que venga, Y, en este sentido, es
causa de acción y determina -como por-
venir nuestros netos presentes. Cierto
es que el hombre no solo anticipa ei futuro
con su actividad teleológien; al dor razón
de una realidad presente, y sobre la base
de su conocimiento puede prever una faso
de su desenvolvimiento que no se da aún.
Tal es la legitima función de la previsión
cientifica. Con ella, se anticipa idealmen⚫
te lo que todavia no existe efectivamente.
Pero esa anticipación ideal del futuro no
entraña necesariamente que queramos su
existencia real, o aspiremos a contribuir
a que advenga. En este caso, el futuro
no determina nuestros actos; es decir, la,
prefiguración ideal de una realidad inexise"
tente no rige como una ley -n diferencia
del finnuvatra acción. En pocas pala-
bras, la actividad cognoscitiva de por st
No nos mueve a actuar.
Pero eso no significa que una y otra
actividad de la conciencia se hallen sepa-
radas por una muralla insalvable. No so
conore por conocer, sino al servicio de
un fin, o serie de fines que puede tener
como eslabón inicial el de la conquista
de la verdad; a su vez, como antes seña
lamos, los fines que la conciencia produce
llevan en su seno una exigencia de reali-
zación, y esta realización presupone -en-
tre otras condiciones una actividad cog-
noscitiva sin in cual dichos fines jamás
podrian tocar tierra, es decir, cumplirse.
Por otro lado, todo fin presupone deter
ming,
14-00000
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diepenbig de thin verdanteki an.
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Salienflon de this y precurrión ale en
Stocholentos en intima unitint. Si el hon}<
hie aceptar slempre el infilu komo es,
ys; pb otra pail, sitara siempre
sim and cle estado Retual, ho sentirla
la Bersihan de formaT & Mul
the translyn Warlin
konoriviali, de in misti minbera rik
hui Vrohive mas tais coirist,
helmidd: Elettorimiento Hintain eli su
Conjuilith et integra en la poble é infinite
triba del holistice did this
:-
Jutaleza exilor, y su propia enfrontera,
Probel fonet'child in barve tiltrelati
to a tsla netividad prarten, haustma-
Baylis pot di relei cari Blk a través
the bid nies. En eltelt belted at -
imiento y la necid sequitte in aerlinción
the lós filies no han de ijues i etos
dredi i purbations, & van Beeminkt
the de una apeiduciti de rhvillohet, paltu
Halleloh - entrambidi u. 1:1-
terit dnda pain prikelt det 19 mita 10-
Bio- feqer, til bottorim'ehtu the stu
tiljelty the lhe incillos e instrumentós þórn
tralisfuhhablo y de suit.
so let his mistillidas de bot
realatio. Hn hell nein, is activ)-
Aktiles begnila Pivny telephele ild in pull-
elthrin sé han ha tim ll Indied.
Highli
"Es helividad de in eineiden tha phir ší
Hlend uni enracter lep Paltinds deliciilne
Tedelia vit edofito ipad tus pitteds" edn'łucie
Por el sun, ebied met actividad de in
boulentbin, tus fot mission de bu
realidnit, Hattital d norit, to Tutto i No
itati de la forntilation de Prost bind do
18 ballen e boliiniletite, la cui
Elériel in rebar su pitmid ämbillo; #s
Bel, su actividad in se objetița o hate.
maliza, Por esta 1h20th, si in 3 of soh
delivklades i soll, en thord hin, eti-
vidad objetiva, rent, es decir, přisis.
La rival pŕňetičių,
Camid tbita nelivitio prigit dientë hit-
malia, la netvlidad práctica ifte 36 ihaill
Heston Hubajo huruand, Milt Eid-
elon artistled of eft in perils revolv³lti-
Harin; Ps til helividad hilobatida if lines,
bird fulpliniento esige -ed liemds
ladit dividid Pontoscitiva.
Perd is distinto the in netividail pretta
Indlea en 11 Båtråeter real, objetivo, de in
10 materla prima sobre la cual se actúa, do
Jos médios ŉ Instrumentos a que se ofer-
ve la ageión, y de su restu ndo o produe
to. En la actividad práulien, el sujeto
relua sulire una mitrria ca existe inde.
penitentemente de sit educ enein, y de laš
illerightes operacionde o manipulnelones
sdgidas por su trammidenie dón, Tin trans-
furifield de mantelin ruble toile,
en el trabajo hunt excite un seyle
the autos felcus, enrpóreus sit, los cuales
Huulih levarse a cabo la alteración o
destrucción de clerins prop states que ha-
ce posible in aparición de un nuevb olijeto,
von mlevils pinpindaties:-But H 4tabitjv,
dius Mars, et hombre se enfrenta como
tih pote hattural con in minterin dhe he
patialezit. Pune en neci in lng, fucwas
antirales que ferman storporeldath lbs.
brazos y Ins piermis, in cal sal y la mand,
para de pe metlo similes baju un
furtha ili prun et propli viên; fim min
triis que in intialuze le brindas.09
Palmente, el producto co tat netvlind
tumhistorih.nldra es tit bile o ninterial qub
stilsiste a littlependencia to! girderso de
su guación, y que, en tu a kustutividad
propia safiral ante ujeto, bý děcir,
pindleston ritte te in nu
Bledra qui cready
En batu saya their que In
actividad para rail, dhjetiva u min-
teth. Ya muzaro Jalti nsi in eminetd-
Flat Mire th sus Thida subia Fruhneli(10)
all clubtoute la exprenton refivid in objett.
wis Park subraya el en neler real, bli
jetiva, de lit pasis on en mus thuissturiith
1 hul ektetor tube: intlepetatiento
the sh bdfbluela de i existencia. B
jetos de in nellidau pra tha es la hmitt-
falad, In scledati o las numbers rentes.
El de bra mentidad es la transtornins
elón real, objetiva, del t-uido tintural b
Pet punt Rathineer tot rillinta nece.
cidat iniin. Y el 10 tiltado o
hurva fealldach, que subsit te independien
férents del sujin u the Fis sujuids cont
evélos je la bugenstrain tam sit Hetivi
dalt subjetiva, pero que, en definitiva, só-
1 existe por el hombre y marna el litinibre,
Como her suolall.
tividad
Sin esta arelo real, uh, tiva, subrb una
Fealidad aturat & luni inque baisto
Independientenente tlet su eta þráctico, no
puide Infilarsts pruplamen o tle praxis co
in artividal fisterial en isviento y obje
Hvanter for tanto in mume activitind
Pijat piqutien o hwinmiento en
phaltui yle in se ubijetiva mineralmente
hid puld considerarse tona prakis.
Förmas de pratis.
La materia prima de fr hctividad från-
flen pubile enintar daude + ligar a diver«
sas formas do praxis. E. objeto sobre el.
1
cual ejerce su acción el sujeto puede ser:
a) lo dado naturalmente, o entes natura-
les; b) productos de una praxis anterior
que se convierten, a su vez, en materia de
una nueva praxis, como los materiales ya
preparados con que trabaja el obrero o
eren el artista plástico; c) to humano nris-
nio, ya se trate de in sociedad como mate-
rin ti objeto de la praxis politica o revo
Jue.onarli, yu se trate de individuos con-
cretos. En unos casos, como vemos, la·
praxis tlene por objeto al hombre y, en
otios, una materia no propiamente hu-
mana: natural, en unos casos, artificial,
en otros.
"
Entre las formas fundamentales de la
praxis tenemos la actividad práctica pro-
ductiva, o relación material y transfor
madora que el hombre establece -me-
diante su trabajo con la naturaleza. (1)
Grueins al tenbrijo, el hombre venco la res
sistencia de las materias y fuerzas natų-
rales y eren un mundo do objetos útiles
que satisfacen determinadas necesidades.
Pero como el hombre es un ser social, este
proceso solamente se realiza en determnl-
nadas condiciones sociales, es decir, en el
marco de ciertas relaciones que los hom⚫
bres contraen como agentes de la produc
ción en este proceso y quo Mark Hama
justamente relaciones de producción.(12)
En el proceso de trabajo, el hombre
valiéndose de los instrumentos o medios
adecuados transforma un objeto con arre
glo a un fin. En cuanto materializa cier-
to fin o proyecto, se objetiva en certo mo-
do en EU producto. En el trabajo -dico
Marx el hombre asimila «bajo una for-
ma útil para su propia vida, las materins
que la naturaleza le brindas, (a) pero sólo
puede asimillarlas objetivándose en ellas,
es decir, imprim'endo en la materin fraba-
Jada la muren de sus flnes. Marx semala
estu adecunelón a un fin como uno de los
fuctores esenciales del proceso de traba
jo: Los factores simples que intervienen
en el proceso de trabajo son: la actividad
adecuada a un fin, o sea, el propio trabajo,
su objeto y sus medioss,
En esta caracterización del proceso de
trabajo, podemos hablar de condiciones
objetivas la netividad del hombre y Ins
condiciones materiales del trabajo- 10:
presentadas tanto por el objeto del traba
jo como por los meillos o Instrumentos con
que se lleva a cabo esa transformación.
Sin embargo, esta división no puede con-
siderarse absoluta. En primer lugar, el
hombre transforma el objeto con arreglo
a fines valiéndose de instrumentos que él
mismo usa y fabrica, razón por la cunl
Marx dico que su uso y fabricación «cn«
racterizan el proceso de trabajo especifi
camiento humano», (15) Al reducir Marx
el instrumento de trabajo -condición ma-
teilal y objetiva del proceso laboral- a
trabajo humane, el Instrumento aparece
asi humanizado también - tanto por su
Also como por su fabricación. Cierto es
que esta humanización no puede conce
Birco en un sentido abstracto, antropoló-
gico, sino como expresión tanto de una.
determinada relación entre el hombre y la
naturaleza como de las condiciones novla
les en que los hombres producen (relacio
nes de producción). Por ello dice Marx:
Los Instrumentos de trabajo no son sola-
mente el barometro indicador del desarro-
llo de la fuerza de trabajo del hombre,
sino también el exponente de las condicio
nes sociales en que se trabaja, Gra.
"chas a los instrumento, la relación entre
c hombre y la naturaleza deja de ser di
recta e inmediata. La aparición de ins-
trumentor mis perfeccion: do: modifien
el tipo de relación entre el hombre y la ·
naturaleza, y, en este sentido, es un indico
revelador del desarrollo de su fuerza do
frabajo y de su dominio sobre la natura-
leza. El poder de mediación del instru
mento se ha extendido y elevado con li
introducción de la máquina' hasta llegar
a la automatización con la que el hombro
queda separado radicalmente del objeto
de la producción. Pero cualesquiera que
Man los instrumentos de que se valga para
transformar la materia conforme a sus
fines, es, en definitiva, el hombre quien
los usa y fabrica, y es 61, en última ins
fancia, el que vallendose de ellos actúa
sobre las materias y las transforma con-
forme a sus necesidades. El papel domi
nante de los medios de producción, subra
yado por Marx, lejos de eliminar la pre-
rencia del hombre concreto, como sujeto
de la producción, to revela inequivocamen
te. Pero e in presencia de paño de mani-
flestu abiertamente con el tercer factor
del proceso de trabajo señalado por Marx:
su carácter de actividad personal adecun-
da a un fin. No se puede desconocer el
papel de este factor al analizar el proceso
de trabajo aunque ello se hnga para sub-
rayar in naturaleza material de las condi.
ciones del proceso de trabajo y el papel
dominante de los medios de produc
ción.» (17)
Se puede afirmar el carácter telcológi
co de la actividad práctica, material, quo
es el trabajo humano, sin que ello impli
que hacer abstracción de la materialidad
misma de ese proceso, materialidad quo.
no se reduce, por otra parte, al objeto do
trabajo y a los instrumentos materiales,
sino que incluye también, la propia acil-
vidad subjetiva del hombre que se enfren
In con sus instrumentos e la materia ya
que en el trabajo pone en acción las
fuerzas naturales que forman su corpo- 11
:
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14-00000
reldad, los brazos y las piernas. In cabeza
y la mano. (N
La prasis productiva es asi la praxis
fundamental porqtto en cila el hombre no
sólo produce un mundo hunaro o huma-
nizado, en el sentido de un mundo de
objetos que satisfacen necesidades huma-
nas y que sólo pueden ser producidos en
la medida en qué se plasman en elles finos
o proyectos humanos, sino también, en el
sentido de que en la praxis productiva ef
hombre se produce, forma o transforma
a si mismo. A la par que de cse mann
actúa sobre la naturaleza exterior a él y
la transtorma -dice Marx_eu_El Capi-
tal-, transforma su propia naturaleza
desarrollando as potencias que forman
en él y sometiendo el juego de sus fuerzas
a su propia disciplinas,
Otra forma de praxis es la producción
o creación de obras de arte. Al igual que
el trabajo huando es transformación de
una materia a la que se imprime una
forma dada, edada no ya por um novos
sidad practico-utilitaria, sino por una nos
cesidad generol humara de expresion y
objetivación. En cuanto que la actividad
del artista no se halla amitada por la ut
Hdad material que el producto del trabajo
debe satisfacer, puede llevar el preseso de
humanización qua- en ferma limitada -
se da ya en el trabajo humano hasta sus úl-
timas consecuencias. Por ello la praxis
artistica permite la creación de objetús hu-
manos humanizados que elevan a AR
geado superior la capacidad de expresión
y objetivación humanas, que se revela ya
en los productos del trabajo. La obra ár-
tistica es, ante toro, erepelón de una nue-
va realidad, y puesto que el hombre sa
nfirma, creando o hum undango cuanto
toca, la praxia artistica - al ensanchar y
enriquecer con sus crecciones la venliczal
ya humaniza es una praxis esencial
para el hombre.
Como toda verdadera praxis humana,
el arte se sitúa en la esfera de la acción,
de la transformación de una materia quo
ha de ceder su forma para adoptar ora
nueva: la exigida por la necesidad huma
na que el objeto creado o producido ha dɔ
ratisfacer. I arte no es mora produe
ción material mi pura producción” espirl.
tual. Pero justamente por su caracter
práctico, realizador y transformador, está
más eren del trabajo humano sobre to-
do, cuando éste no ha perdido su carácter
creador, que de una actividad mera.
anente espiritual.
Entre las formas de actividad práctica
que se ejercen sebre una materia dada
hay que incluir rainbién in netividad cien.
tifica experimental que satisface, primor-
dialmente, las necesidades de la investi
12 gación teórica, ry, en particular, lus de la
will
comprobación de hipótes 8. Esta forma
de praxis es la que se pone de manifiesto
cuando el investigador actún sobre un ob-
jeto material modificando a voluntad las
condiciones en que se ope a un fenómeno.
Tal es el sentido de la xperimentación
como praxis clentifica, El Investigador
produce fenómenos que so i una reprodue-
clón de las que se dan en un medio natu-
tal, pero los produce justi mente para po-
der estudiarlos en un med o artificial --el
del laboratorio- sin las inpurezas y per
turbaciones con que se resentan en el
medio natural y que, por esa razón, difi-
cultan su estudio. En cuanto que se trata
de producir determinados fenómenos con
ayuda del instrumento fis co adecuado, la
actividad cientifica experimental es, evi-
dentemente, una forma de praxis. Se tra-
ta de una actividad objeti a que da lugar
a un producto o resultado real y objetivo.
En este tipo de praxis I fin inmediato
es teórico. El experimente se lleva a cabo
pata probar una teoria, determinados
aspectos de ella. Se expe imenta respons
diendo a ciertas exigencias teóricas con el
fin de facilitar el desarro lo de ella. Un
determine to experimento -por ejemplo,
los reaiados en agronomi - puede tener
consecuencias práctiens, pro no directa-
mente, sino a traves de la coria que trata
de comprobar.
Alo bien, la experimentación no es
privativa de la ciencia; ca e hablar tam-
bién de una actividad esperimental en
otros campus: artístico, educativo, econd-
mico o social. En estos ca os, a diferencia
de la actividad experimental cientifica, el
experimento no está al se vicio directo e
inmediato de una teoria, s no de una for⚫
ma especifica de praxis; el experimento
misdeo o educativo tiene por fin el îm
pulso de in netividad práce correspon
ente, el arte o la educ elón. De exte
modo, vemos que mientra en la ciencia
el fin de la actividad experimental es teó
icolortalecer o impuls: r el desarrollo
de una coria, y, de un modo mediato,
sive por tanto a determi ada actividad
práctica, en otros campos la experimentá«
eiðu contribuye al desenvo vimiento de la
praxit correspondiente, pero de una ma-
hera directa e inmediata: en cuanto que
sus resultados se aplican en la esfera prác-
tien adecuada.
Tales son las formas fundamentales
aunque no exclusivas-de in praxis
cuando in acción del hombre se ejerce más
o menos immediatamente sobre una mate-
ria natural-naturaleza in nediata, o na-
turaleza ya medinta, o trai ajadz que sir-
ve de objeto de nueva necké 1-. Veamos,
nhora, el tipo de praxis en que el hombre
es sujeto y objeto de ella; es decir, praxia
en la que actúa sobre si ml: mo.
་
Esta netividad práctica del hombre
ofrece diversas modalidades. Dentro de
ella caen los diversos actos encaminados
a su transformación como ser surial, y, por
ello, a cambiar sus relaciones económicas,
politicas y sociales. En cuanto que su aC-
tividad toma por objeto no a un individuo
aislado, sino a grupos o cinses sociales, e
Incluso a in sociedad entern, puede deun.
inarse praxis social, aunque en un sen-
tido ampllo toda práctica (incluyendo
aquella que tiene por objeto directo a la
naturaleza) reviste un carácter social, ya
que el hombre sólo puede llevarla a cabo
contrayendo determinadas relaciones FD-
ciales (relaciones de producción en la
praxis productiva) y, además, porque la
modificación práctica del objeto no huma
no se traduce, a su vez, en una transfor-
mación del hombre como ser social.
En un sentido más restringido, In pra-
xis social es la actividad de grupos o cla
xes sociales que conduce a transformar în
organización y dirección de in sociedad, o
a realizar ciertos cambios mediante la uc-
tividad del Estado. Esta forma de praxis
es justamente la actividad politien.
En las condiciones de la sociedad divi-
dida en clases antagóniens, la politica
comprende la lucha de clases por el poder
y la dirección y estructuración de la socie-
dad, de acuerdo con los interesca y fines.
corespondientes. La politien es una ac-
tividad práctica en cuanto que la lucha
que libran los grupos o clases sociales se
halla vinculada a cierto tipo de organiza-
clón real de sus miembros (ustituciones
y organizaciones políticas, como son, por
ejemplo, los partidos) en segundo lugar,
aunque la actividad politica vaya neom-
pañada de un choque y contraposición de
ickens, proyectos, programas, etcétera, y
esta lucha ideológien ejerza una influenelit
includable en las acciones politicas reales,
concretas, el carácter práctico de la neti.
vidad politien exige formas, medios y mé-
todos reales, efectivos, de lucha; asi, por
ejemplo, el proietariado en su lucha poil-
tica se vale des huelgas, manifestaciónes,
mites e incluso de métodos violentos,
En tercer hugar, în netividad política gira
en torno a la conquista, conservación, dl-
rección o control de un organismo concre-
to como ex el Estado. El poder es un
Instrumento de importancia vital para la
transformación de la sociedad.
La praxis politica presupone la parti
cipación de amplios sectores de la Nocle.
dad. Pero no se trata de una actividad
espontânea, aunque se den en ella actos
espontáneos de determinados individuos o
grupos. Persigue determinados fines que
responden a los intereses radicales de las
clases sociales, y en curta situación con
creta la realización de esos fines se halla
condicionada por las posibilidades objeti-
vas inscritas en la propia realidad. Una
politica que iesponda a esas posibilidades
y que excluya todo aventureiisino, exige
un conocimiento de esa realidad y de la
correlación de clases para no proponerse
acciones que desemboquen inexorablemen
te en un fracaso. La hien tiene que ser,
por tanto, consciente, organizada y dirigi-
da, y la necesidad de librarla en esto forma
expilea la creación de los partidos poli-
ficos.
Los partidos trazan, con una mayor o
menor conciencia de los objetivos, post-
Hlidades y condiciones, la linea de accion.
Los métodos para transioimar lo ideal en
real, es decir, para realizar prácticaniente
la linea politica trazada por un partido
constituye la estrategia y la táctica. La
estrategia señala las tareas correspondien.
tes a una etapa historica general, y la
thetica determina el modo de cumplir la
lines politica de un periodo relativamente
brove. Estrategia y táctica se relucionan
dentro de la linea politica y de su aplica
ción como lo general y lo partieniar.
La praxis politica, en cuanto actividad
práctica transformadora, alcanza su for.
ma más alta en la praxis revolucionaria
como etapa superior de la transformación
práctica de la sociedad, En in sociedad
dividida en clases antagónicas, la netividad
revolucionaria permits campiar radical-
mente las bases económicas y sociales en
que se asienta el poder material y espiri-
tual de la clase dominante, e instaurar asi
una nueva sociedad. El agente principal
de este cambio es el proletariado a través
de una lucha consciente, organizada y diri-
gida. lo que presupone la existencia de
un partido que eleve su conciencia de class
y trace claramente los objetivos do estil
lucha, su extrafezia y sin theften, que orga-
nice las fuerzas y las dirika..
Si el hombre existe en cuanto tal como
ser práctico, es decir; afirmandose con sử
actividad práctica transformadora frente
a la naturaleza exterior y fronte a su
propia naturaleza, la praxis revolucionarla
y la pruss productiva constituyen dos cli•
mensiones esenciales de att see práctico.
Pero, a su vez, una y otra actividad, junto
con Ins restantes formas especificas do
praxis, no sor: sino formas concretas par
Hiculares de una praxis total humana gra-
cias a la cual el hombre como ser social y
consciente humaniza los objetos y se hu
maniza a si mismo.
La actividad teórica.
'
La actividad teórica en su conjuntɔ
-como Ideologia y ciencia-, considerada
también a lo largo de su desenvolvimien-
to histórico, sólo existe por y en relación 13
'
muy gray / 1979, sama
14-00000
con la práctica, ya que en ella encuentra
su fundamento, sus lines y criterio de
verdad, como trataremos de poner de ma-
nifiesto más adelante. Pero por estrechas
que sean las relaciones ertré una y otra
actividad, la netividad teórica de por si no
muestra los rasgos que hemos considerado
privativos de la praxis, y, por ello, no de-
bemos poneria en el mismo plano que las
formas de actividad práctica que antes
hemos examinado. A nuestro modo de
ver, la actividad teórica no es de por si una
forma de praxis,
Aunque la práctica teórica transfor-
me percepciones, representaciones o con..
ceptos, y cree el tipo peculiar de produc-
tos que son las hirsis, teorias, leyes,
excètera, earninguno de esos casos se trans
forma la realidad. No se cumplen en ella
las condiciones que señalábamos anterioc
mente con respecto a la materia prima. la
actividad y el resultado en el proceso prác.
tico. Falta aquí el lado material, objeti-
No, de la praxis, y por ello no consideramos
que sea legitimo fimblar de praxis teórica,
Lo que a nuestro juicio veda caracte
rizarla asi es precisamente lo que hay de
distintivo en la actividad teórica, enton-
diendo por ésta tanto la producción de
fines como de conocimientos, Por su obje-
to, fines, medios y resultados, la netividad
teorica se distingue de la práctica. Su ob-
jeto o materia prima son las sensaciones
o percepciones es decir objetos psiquicos
que sólo tienen una existencia subjetiva,
a los conceptos, teorias, representaciones
o hipótesis que tienen una existencia ideal.
El fin imediato de bi netividad teórien
es elaborar o transformar idealmente, no
realmente, esa materia prima, para ob
tener, como productos, teorias que expli-
quen una realidad presente, o modelos que
prefiguren idealmente una realidad futu-
ra. La actividad teórica proporciona un
conocimiento indispensable para transfor
mar la realichid, o traza fines que antlel-
pan idealmente su transformación, pero
en uno y otro caso queda intacta la rea-
Hdad efectiva. Las transforn aziones que
Heva a cabo la actividad teóri a con re-
lación a esta paso do una hipótesis 'n
una teoría, y de ésta a otre coria más
Fundada son transformaciones ideales:
de las ideas sobre el mundo, pero no del
mundo mismo. Y las operaciones que
el hombre lleva a cabo para producir fl-
nes o conocimientos son operaciones men
tales: abstraer, generalizar, aeducir, sin-
tetizar, prever, etc, que si biea exigen un
sustrato corpóreo y el funcioramiento del
sistema nervioso superior, no dejan de ser
operaciones subjetivas, psiquiras, aunque
puedan tener manifestaciones objetivas.
-
Por otra parte, pensamos que la admi-
14 sión de una praxis teórica se halla en con-
tradicción con In critica que Marx formula
en sus Tesis sobre Feu rbach. Si recor«
damos el contenido de 1: Tesis 1 veremos
que Marx critica a Feuc bach justamente
por concebir la relación sujeto-objeto (11
hombre-naturaleza) com o una relación
meramente contemplativ 1, o sea teórica.
En esto radien el defecte fundamental de
la filosofia Feuerbachia a, así como del
materialismo tradicional En este sentido,
Marx contrapone relacion (contemplati-
va) teórica y práctica. Y en ese mismo
sentido contrapone también en su Tesis
XI la filosofia como inte pretación, es de-
-cir, como teoria desligar a de la práctica,
y la filosofia vinculada conscientemente a
la transformación det mi ndo,
Esta contraposición de contemplación
(teoria) y pruxis "dent astra que Marx,"
lejos de admitir la teoria como una forma
de praxis, establece por el contrario una
contraposición, entre um y otra. Por otra
parte al distinguir claramente en su in-
troducción a la critica de la economia
politica, lo concreto re.1 y lo concreto
pensado, y presentar la actividad teórien
cognoscitiva, es decir, 1 producción do
conocimientos como un proceso ascensio-
nal de lo abstracto a lo concreto-proceso
que se opera en el penstu siento y que con-
siste en la reproducek a espiritual del
objeto real bajo la forma de lo concreto
pensado, Marx señala claramente que
se trata de una actividad o producción que
no produce nada efectiv mente, es decir
no transforma la realidad. (22) Una acti-
vidad que se opera sólo en el pensamiento
y que produce el tipo pe uliar de objetos
que son los productos d éste no puede,
por tanto, identificarse con la actividad
práctica que llamamos pi axis.
Si llamamos praxis a netividad prác
tica material, adecuada fines que trans.
forma el mundo -natural y humano-,
no cabe incluir In netivic ad teórica entre
las formas de praxis ya que falta en ellas
la transformación objetiv i de una materia
mediante el sujeto, cuyo resultados sub-
sisten independientement de su nútivi.
dad, (23)
Solamente subjediviza do el concepto
de praxis hasta borrar toda diferencia es-
pecifica con el de activida i en general, po-
driamos hablar de una praxis tetrica.
Pero, en cuanto que la actividad teórica
de por si no modifica realmente el mun,
do aunque si nuestras ideas sobre él-
no nos parece legitimo mblar de praxis
teórica.
La actividad filosófica ransforma nues.
tra concepción del mund», de la sociedad
o del hombre, pero no n odifica -directa
e inmediatamente- na la real, Cabría
preguntarse, sin embarg), esto es vá
lido para toda actividad filosófica, inclu
Föld aura të 81 lindo Hồ
kol edib objet de interpelach, $146
thethstoffineton, Der Ein in Te
is the Mirk suble Fruerblich potiflumiss
did a sofias, fistle tuì pihlb de
vista histórico, en flbstflas que se ten
a tratar de dar ritzón, tie lo existente y
que desembdenti, cartin, mestra palmaria
mente el sistema de Hegel, en, una cont:ł-
lación del petisamiento con la requitiad
losofia como aceptación del mundo), y
filosofias que sirven -por su vinculación
consciente con una praxis revoluciona
tla a la transformación del mundo (fi-
lostifia como instrumentb, teórito o guia -
de una transformación hijrona radical).
Ahora bien, no podria decirse que, en
este último caso, la netividad filosofien es
ya una forma de praxis, que podrianios-
Feniente plass thoHba?
Y; HHPF al Ribs dhebfitrarian tots
las filosoflis en el pitit 180. leb
Built la diferentela chitalien que
Millis establi eladi entre
uflo solid it the Hlbstilla?
Thanos deinelli chi esta bus-
to glid ribs fitted the stins inporthela
bit Hellar el bithilde de in verild-
We
Descriptios, Eh Brier gä, el con
sidera que plibda iblis Elite
de praxis filosófica por el silipié Heřlib tis
que una filosofin tenga consectiencias
prácticas. Ya deciamos en nuestra intro-
ducción que todas las grandies doctrinas
filosóficas las han tenido sierapie, eri mas
ybe o menor gindo, mas o inbilns directn-
The Fit Etuintes tites qulega hell
de pns Intotietulis def filosops, han bum-
plido certa función social. Esto valo
incluso parą filosotias que como el idea-
lismo alemin- distaban mntiche de pre-
tentler servir a transformation elva
8. No se trata, pues, d 60
18
At pientearnos la cuestión de st in ne-
tividad filosófica puede ser praxis de por
Al; nos referimos à in mesoria que, vilibu-
Conselhiichte a in practibi, pro-
Bold se strulliihto, prófico as li trinė-
formación de la realiind. Perisamos pre-
elmente en el proplo mrshauna como
filosofia que de acuerdo con la Tesis XI
sabre Feuerbitch tiene presente que se
thats hd solo de interpretat el hititu.
sino de transformatio. ¿Puede decirse quh
la actividad flosófica, en este caso, sea
phasis, sin birklar por un mutnenit cl
Contehills cojicepitini, quib hrings ilds a
este terbila? A testri Jhiels, in filosolla
ni como interpheticlón del mundo il colo
instrumento teórico de su transformación
es de por si; de un modo directo e inme-
dinto, praxis. La filosofia marxista, siendo
Hectamente ulla Interpretación, elen-
tifica del mundo, responde a necesidades
praéticas humanas; espireša, a su vez, yha
práctica existente y, por otro lado, Rajilën
Culistitemente a ser guld 6 the praxis
Voltition Cor bild se subrata ia fun-
Glöheology sell the und fillsofia
(ſtuð sólo puede für plñelica bi elidhtu quš
Excluye la tajfin 3 tinacionde stik Fid-
Mentos puräitiente Heideleus pra ser.
When as the in difertored de las 0.
things fibólicas que flytte Mark en la
primera parte de su tesis i sobre Feuer.
bach, asi como de otras Hurtrihas suck-
listra es, pubs, su arheter tlehillies, përb
table hb secunditamente el
Fontebirse a mis on suheish the la
praxis, is derir; bold fida al Bervicio
de la transfurfiation fetiva; real, dei
Hulitlo, Integrando as phase it valu-
tullarla tukio fit the fa-trotÍK:
La teoria de por st - en este case comb
en quanbler olro- no transforma el
mundo. Puede contribuir a su iransfor
innrión, pero poca elles fimpén que sulle do
ki mismas, y, en primer jugar, tiene quós
her astmulatin por los que han de suscitar,
con sus aclus itales, efectivos, dicha
transtorinación. Entre la teorla
15
nelividad practica transformatora se lii
seita un labor the educción de las coii-
etercius, de organizacim de los medios
materiales y plands concretos de neclóit;
todo eo coin paso indispensable para
desarrollar acciones reales efectivas. En
este sentido, una teoria es práctica en
étirito que materializi, a traves de lina
Berle (16 alhes. Id que fille Bol
existi üleülients, chilla corBelhilent8 86
in nad o anticipción ideal de su
tinneftatóh.
:
Pero si la teoria de por si no cambla
al niunau solo puede contribuir a trans-
brisatients Fomb febris. Es de-
elf, la coñalion pad - hd
rla, inque insuficiente para transliar
concelenichtente de in teorina in practica.
3. por tulild; ghid que in fer cumpla
Wid fueron practlen, es que sea plä-
atente una actividad toorlea ei là quo
los ingredientra (baltoentivne y tripoló-
jobs 8 shels timente vifitilation y
Thuluthent tonsilladys. En este se
Udo, ima filosofia vinculada a la práctica,
que aspira conscientemente a realizarse,
ejos de alter de un Fontenido propla
Inthe thried, ha, hori h forth
pia. El paso de li terila sioeläistu de
In forma utóplen que tiene en Saint-Sl.
Moff: Fourier u Owen, & the las doctrinas
Smithistas utopitas fond In Ut Moses
less, a ju fonia elehille que réelby ch
Marx y Engels eniraña, pudiéramos decir,
junto a una elevación de función prae.
flea, una eleven de su contenido teb-
Heb, con la particularidad de que ambas it
14-00000
16
aspectos se hallan en una relación Indi-
soluble,
La filosofia que se ve a si misma como
Instrumento teórico do la praxis es teo-
ria, y como tal no transforma real y efec
1.vainente de por si. Interpretar no es
transformar. Pero de lo que se trata
como dice Marx en la Tesis XI-- es de
transformur; de ahí que la teoria haya de
ser arrancada de su estado meramente
teórico y, por las mediaciones adecuadas,
tratar de realizarla. Pero este segundo
aspecto que es vital cuando no se acepta
el mundo como es y se trata de transfor-
marlo, lejos de aholiq el contenido teórico
de la filosofia, o de redueirio a un migav
diente meramente ideológien, presupone
aquét necesariamente al nivel de la
ciencia, como condición ineludible para
guiar ia acción. Así, pues, la actividad
filosófica en cuanto tal no es praxis. Y
no lo es tampoco la filosofia de la praxis
o teoria de la actividad práctica del hom-
bre en suis relaciones con la naturaleza y
con etros hombres,
La concepción de la filosofia de la pra-
xis como actividad práctica de por si es,
a nuestro juicio, una concepción idéniista,
incompatible con el verdadero concepto
do la praxis que antes hemos delimitado,
y' entraña la vuelta a puntos de vista filo-
sóficos como el de los jóvenes hegelia-
(1) C. Mary, Tesis (1) sobre Peubach, en C. Manx
y P. Langels, 1 a Diemugla amna, 11ade, de W.
Hove, HP Monte Vifters, 1930, pagina 33
(2) Actividad es xqui kinonimo de acción ene
trashela andien como arto • conjunto de actus
que modifican
materia exterior o que es Ju-
manente al agente.
3) Asimismo la centradicción fundamental del
Modo de producción capitalista es también win.
tencional. ' esitado dire Mamice Godeller-
de la mexión sie todos los gender del sistema y del
desarrollo del sistema mismo, pera no ha sido nunen
el proye to de ninguna conciencia a un fin querido
por nadies, (M. Gotelier, Racionalité et iracionalité
en économie, Ed. Maapero, Pails, 1966, página 791.
4 Cf. a este respecto la carta de Fogels a J.
Bish, del 21.22 de septiembre de 1890, en la que
el pumeta dien; .. La historia a hace de tal
moda, que es resultado final siempre deilva de los
conflictos entre muchas voluntades individuales
cada una de las cửa et, a su vez lo que es por
te dutitud de condiciones especies
de vida; son, pues, innumerables fuerzas que se
caltechuzas con las otras, grupo infi
ito de paralelogramos de fueres, de las que sur
gen un resultado el acontecimiento histórko
է ... 1
au vez, piedo consideratse producto de sora
potencia Unica, que, como un todo, actus in con
ciencia y xin voluntad... De este modo hasta aqu
toda la historia ha discurrido a modo de un proceso
ratural y sometida también, sustancialmente, a ins
Bismas les dinámica. Pero del hecho de q
lux distintes voluntades Individuales.. no alcan
cen lo que desean, sino que se fundan todas wil
nos, que ya fueron criticados y supera.`
dos por Marx preeba mente para poder
elaborar una filosofia como guia o instru
mento teórico de la transformación de la
realidad, y hacer posible asi la transfor
mación efectiva de és a.
1a actividad filosóf en -desligada de
la práctica o vinculada conscientemente a
ella, como mera interpretación o como
instrumento teórico de su transformación,
cultivada por intelectu des de origen bur-
gués o de origen prolet: rio, cs siempre una
actividad intelectual, teórica. La diferen.
cia cualitativa por su carácter esencial
-ideológico o cieniffic -. o por la fun-
ción que una u otra filosofin puede cum.
pllr, no hasta para hublar legitimamente
de una praxis teórica....
En suma, la praxis e nos presenta co-
mo una actividad material, transformado-
ra, y adecuada a fins. Fuera de ella,
queda la netividad teó ica que no se ma-
terialkan, en cuanto que es detividad epi-
ritual puna. Pero por otra parte, no hy
praxis como actividad | uramente material,
es decir, sin la producción de fines y cono-
cimientos que caracteriza la actividad teб-
rica. Ello quiere decir que el problema
de determinar qué es la praxis requiere
delimitar más a fondo las relaciones entre
teoría y práctica.
unk
no
medida total, en una resultante común,
debe inferirse que estas v luntades senn Igual a
cero. Por el contrario, fods contribuyen a la 10.
aufante y se hallan, por 1. ato, incluidas en ella.»
10% Max y F. Engels, Ohrs esenglidas, en dos tos
mos, ed. esp, tomo I, Moscu 1932, páginas 159-100.)
Sobre la finalidad como categoria especifica
de in actividad humana y sus relaciones con la
causalidad, véase mi estu 'lo Contribución "
dialéctica de la finalidad y in causalidad, Anun.
Ho de Plosofin, UNAM, a 1, México, 1961, pági
has 36-61
(6) Marx, El Capital. Critica de la economia
politica, traducción de Wrees, 3a. ed. especial,
t. T. Fondo de Cultura Ee nómlen, México-Buenos
Aires, 1961, páginas 130-13.
(7) Marx. El Capital, ed. esp. ett., t. I., p. 131.
(S) Hablamos aqui de
amplio que abaren tanto la
teórico en un sentido
sfern de los fines como
de los conocimientos, En e le sentido to teórico su
contrapone
me lo absoluto, sino rela.
tivo, como veremos en el pitulo sigulente a lo
praction. En un sentido mi
restringiuo, lo teórico
aplica a un conjunto
on torno a un plane
cipio unificador que los arti uia y sistematiza cons
tituyendo asi un campo ele itifico dado.
el domo de la teoria
de conocimientos aglutinad
(9) C. Marx, El Capital, L, página 131.
(10) C. Marx, Tesis (I) sobre Feuerbach, ed. cit.
Pagina 93
(11) El trabajo es, en primer término -diee'
Marx, un proceso entra in naturaleza y el hom
bio, proceso en que éste se tentiza, regula y cím
trola mediante su propia acción, su intercambio de
materins con la naturaleza. (FI Capital, I, på-`
gina 130).
(12) C. Max, Prólogo a la Contribución a la
erica de la economia politica, en C. Marx y F.
Engels, Obras escogidas, ed. esp. cit. L. 3, pagi.
nas 332-333
(13) C. Marx, El Capital, I, ed. cit., página 130.
(14) Ibidem, página 131.
(15) Ibidem, página 132.
. (10) Ibidem.
_ (17 Al anallzar la concepción de Marx_del pr
ceso de trabajo en El Capital, Louis Althusser sub-
Taya, interpretando el pasaje correspondiente, la
naturaleza material de las cordiciones del pro-
ceso de trabajo y el papel dominante de los me.
dies de producción en dieho proceso. A fulci suyo,
el procean de trabajo se linia determiundo por can
condlereies misteriales (sel proceso de trabajo entan
mecanismo material se halla denominado por iss
leyes fisicas de la naturaleza y de interno oglas).
Al mostrarse as las condiciones materiales irre-
austibles del proceso de trabajo. Marx rompe con
Ja concepción del trabajo como esencia del hom-
bre y con el ideailsmo del trabajo, que esta
concrpelón propia de los Manuscritos de 18:1-
entraña (Cf. L. Althusser, «L'objet du Capital, en
el t. II de Life Le Capital, F. Maspero, Paris,
1983, paginas 144-149).
1. Altausser tiene razón al pronunciarse contra
una ideologia antropológica del trabajo y, por
ello, procede justamente al subrayar la importancia
de las condiciones materiales del trabajo, lo que
le lleva a etenerse sobre todo en do de los
elementos coniitutivos da dicho procen según
Marx Pero en su análisis omite por completo el
estudio del tercero de ellon: in actividad adecuada
a un fin, o trabajo propiamente dicho. Es esa omi-
sien la que le permite contraponer radicalmente en
esin cuestión los Manuscritos de 1844 a El Capital
at reducir la concepción de la prime.a obra a
c'ealismo del trabajo y la de la segunda a una
concepción materialista de in producción». A nuca-
tro julelo, la Importancia de ese tereer factor del
proceso de trabajo -señalado en distinta forma
tanto en los Manuscritos de 1844 como en El Capi-
tales ia que mantiene cierta continuidad entre
una y otra concepción sin que por ello se borren
sus diferencias esenciales.
,|
(18) C. Marx, El Capital, I, ed. cit., página 180.
i
(19) C. Marx, El Capital, t. I, ed. cit, página 180.
(20) Sobre las relaciones entre el arte y el tra
haj, y in concepción del tratariales como
creación, des partie de
Marx (Ed. Era, México, D. . 1965), particular,
mente los estudios titulados marxisms, rontem.
poráneo y el artes y las ideas de Marx sobre la
fuente y naturaleza de lo estétion,
(21) Ya en La Sagrada Familla declan Marx y
Engels: idcns no pueden condueir tims
a de se idrus del viejo este universal de co
6.As. Las ideas no pueden nunta ejecutar nada.
Para la ejecución de las idcas hacen falta los
hombres que pongan en acción una fuerza prácti
ca (C. Marx y 7. Engels, La Sagrada Familia, ed.
esp. cit., página 163).
(22)
método que permite élevarsa de lo
abeiracio a in runcieto to es otra cosa que et
modo como el pensamiento se aprople to concreto
bajo la forma de lo concreto pensado. Pero no es
de ninguna manera lo concreto mismo. (Contri
bución a la critica de la economiti politica, ed. fran
cesa, Paris, 1937, página 155).
(23) En ocasiones se emplea in expresión «praxis»
• «práctica teóricas, pria deliciar una práctica
expr.flva q bete un objeto pinpoo y
conduce a su producto prop un conocimientos (la
Althusser, Pour Marx, Parts, 1963, página 175i.
En este caso, se presenta como una forma espe
cifica de la práctica en gineral, entendida como
proceso de transformación de una materia prima
dad y determinada en u1oducto determinado,
transformacion que se leva a cabo por un trabajo
humano determinado, utlizando medios de pro.
Gución) determinados», (fold 'm, página 167). La
práctica teórica asi entendida corresponne en gran
parte no totalmente, puesto que nosotros inclui
mos también en ella la producción de fines— a lo
que nosotros denominados netiv.dad teórica.
esta
Althusser no emplea, por tar to, esta expresión
en el sentide idralista, lan Siemente rechazado
por Mark, de producción de ideas que transforma
por mi niams la renidad, katafuta simi
THP utrayar el enácter distintivo reempl
ble de la práctica teries (e'. también a
respecto su estudio Teoria, práctica teórica y for-
mación teórica. Ideologia y lucha cológica, en
la revista Casa de las Américas, número 34, La
Habana, Cuba, páginas 13-17). Sin embargo, la
extension del término práctica a todo tipo do
relación o apropiación del mundo real, incluyendo
no sólo la teorien • Ideologien, sino taiablen la
ética y la religiosa (ef. Lire Le Capital, I, página
83) hace que borre el carácter esencial de la
praxis que Marx justamente pretendió destacar
(como transformación efectiva, real de un objeto
real frente a un idealismo de la praxis (reduc
ción de ésta a la actividad teórica » moral). Cree.
mos, por ello, que el empleo del término <práctica
alll donde no se ocupera esa transformación objetiva
y real induce a confusión peso al empeño en dife-
renciar sus formas especificas,
2
17
14-00000
Base económica y
superestructuras
ideológicas
Charles Bettelheim,
Jacques Charriere
Eus ohjeilvos fundamentales persegul-
116 8 64 los paises que intesti
fa fa del soclall-ino, consisten en pfinel-
pid en esforzarse en realizar tanto trans-
Porthole He Bash comb transformacin.
ties, te, hengt
por ithia pett lui sachal từ hai solu
nómica y por transforinnciones ideo-
18gras profundas; aunque hay distintos
puntos de vista aceted his lazos que
When a esa diversis trailsfoi maclorës.
fin Chlún se subraya enn frecuencia que
* Hi Ho wild ett bra lining
the dolls punts plus que los thế ph*:
de alcalizar el ejtalls slijo taifibilen y
sobre todo promover una nueva forina-
eion social con sus formas de comporta-
Het spes espibéificäs.
Besde el punts de vista matkista fa þ
secitelón de ese objetivo no se debe a und
opción arbitraria sino al reconocimiento
die una exigencia histórica impuesta por el
nivel del desarrollo posible de las fuerzas
productivas modernes. El reconocimiento
tal exigencia histórica significa la acep-
tación de que sin un cambio radical no só-
lo de las relaciones de propiedad sino tam
bien del conjunto del modo de producción
y de la superestructura de la sociedad las
fuerzas productivas o no pueden desarro-
Harse o sólo se desarrollan de manera con-
traictoria, es decir, engendrando fuerzas
18 destructivas crecientes tanto en el plano
Material Como ett el de los probl
bres. Estos últimos soi esclavizados cä-
a veź Hias por sus los productos, in-
cluyendo la esfera del consumo.
Más especificamente, el análisis able-
tu es que el tests HEU
deel, el tudo de proh sbtialisia,
no puede progresar y mantenerse sin la
edificación de estructur is adecuadas, es
Fararhtetite di felatius socia
les, abiitubes,
ciple delirios e Fleas si-
Si sujeestructurns
alecimtis, in inserció nien solve in que
# ball & qu]][t felt artii A
pur Hasfodelbilds Le sitas, tähtu al
nivel de las relaciones de producción como
a: nivel de las propias fut rzas productivas.
Estas últimas, en efecto, corren el peligro
de progrestir enda vez et 1 mayor lentitud
si no encarnan con rapid z las actitudes y
Umportantlerito que exig el desarrollo de
la sociedad socialista y, sobre todo, si di-
chas actitudes, conductas y sistemas de
valores adecuados tiende no a fortificar-
se sino a estancarse, en f: vor de actitudes,
conquetas y sistemas de valores que en
racterizan a las formas sociales anteriores
y que conservan todavía una base objetiva
en las condiciones mater.ales, mientras el
nivel de las fuerzas productivas no se haya
elevado suficientemente.
Por lo tanto, la cuestión que se plantea
es la de las relaciones er tre la base eco-
nómien y las superestructuras correspon-
dientes. Según in Interpretación mecani
cista de dicho problema,'ge puede pensar
que toda forma de producción engendra
en última instancia nuevas actitudes, nue.
vos sistemas de valores, una nueva ideo-
logia y un hombre nuevo.'"
en un obstáculo al desarrollo de îns fuer-
zas productivas y cómo Engels estima que
sólo una revolución completa podia trans-
formar suficientemente el elemento de la
superestructura para que fueran posibles
nuevos progresos.
Ya que hemos recordido el anterior tex•
to de Engels, que tiene su equivalente para
otras épocas en multitud de análisis mar-
xistas, no es inútil recordar igualmente
que Engels prolonga su análisis de la re-
volución que tuvo lugar entre el quinto y
el noveno siglos de nuestra era, ya que se
trata esencialmente de una revolución que
se efectuó al nivel de ins superestructuras
ideológicas y que adaptó estas últimas a
Por el contrario, la Interpretación dia-
léctlea del problema nos lleva a pensar
que si el progreso de una forma de pro-
ducción (es decir, de sus fuerzas produc-
Sivas y de sus relaciones de producción)
constituye la condición necesaria de la
transformación de la superestructura, esta
última, dentro de ciertos limites, tiene un
dinamismo propio y, sobre todo, que puede
ejercer una acción regresiva sobre la inis-las exigencias de las nuevas fuerzas-pro-
ma base económica. No es inútil recor-
dar aquí algunas de las interpretaciones
que se han formulado de ciertos textos de
Marx y Engel.
Una interpretación estrecha de algunas
párrafos del Manifiesto Comunista o del
Anti-Duhring ha originado a veces una
interpretación mecanicista que, sin embar
go, es contraria a los análisis globales que
nos han dejado Marx y Engels. En efec-
to, éstos insistieron sicinpre en el carácter
global de las transformaciones sociales y,
por tanto, en la interacción de los diferen-
les elementos cuya suma constituye ia to-
talidad de una formación social.
Por ejemplo, Engels en su libro sobre
El origen de la familia, de in propiedad
privada y del Estado, ha puesto de re-
lieve las profundas influencias que pueden
tener ciertos elementos de la superestruc-
tura ideológica sobre la evolución social.
Así, cuando analiza la incapacidad de la
sociedad esclavista para dar lugar direc
tamente a un nuevo método de producción
favorable al desarrollo de las fuerzas pro-
ductivas, Insiste en el "desprecio hacia el
trabajo productivo" heredado de la socie-
dad esclavista, y que representa un freno
al desarrollo.
Engels escribe: "La esclavitud... al mo.
rir, dejó detrás de sí su aguijón venenoso
bajo la forma de proscripción del trabajo
productivo por los hombres libres. Tal es
el callejón sin salida en el cual se encon-
traba el mundo romano: la esclavitud era
económicamente imposible, y el trabajo
de los hombres libres estaba moralmente
proscrito. La primera no podia ya y el
segundo no podia aún ser la forma básica
de la producción social. La única salida
posible era una revolución radical.(2)
En ese texto podemos ver claramente de
qué manera una actitud ("el desprecio ha-
cia el trabajo productivo"), so convierte
ductivas.(4).
Engels subraya que a lo largo de los
cuatio iglos durante los cuales tuyo 'higar
dicha revolución, no jubo prácticamentel
ningún progreso, ni en las fuerzas produc
tivas, ni en las relaciones de producción.
A pesar de los grandes cambios a que dio
lugar la caida del Imperio Romano y las
invasiones de las tribus germánicas, en-
contramos bajo una nueva etiqueta, las
viejas formas de propiedad y las viejas
relaciones de producción.
Escribe Engels: "Asi, pues, parecia como
si al cabo de cuatro siglos la masa de la
población hubiese vuelto a su punto de
partida". Sin embargo, añade inmedia-
tamente, se habia avanzado, porque nun
cuando las clases sociales seguian siendo
casi las mismas, "los hombres que forma
ban estas clases habían cambiado”.
La referencia a estos análisis sólo en
apariencia nos aleja de nuestro tema, el
del lugar especialmente importante que so
atribuse en China a In adhesión de las
masas al sistema de valores, de actitudes
y comportamiento que corresponde a las
exigencias de la construcción de la socie-
dad socialista.
Por otra parte, los anteriores análisis
nos conducen a rechazar ciertas interpre-
taciones mecanicistas de las relaciones en.
tre la base económica y la superestructura.
Incluso autores que, por lo demás, abor-
dan buen número de problemas desde un
punto de vista dialéctico, han sugerido
interpretaciones de ese tipo.
Ast. hay una cierta Interpretación me-
canicista en el capitulo 2 de! Tomo I del
Tratado de Economía Politica de Oskar
Lange. En ese texto, la eliminación de la
no-correspondencia entre las relaciones de
producción, por una parte, y el nivel de
desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas y el
carácter de esas fuerzas, por la otra, apa- 19
14-00000
rece como el resultado de la "acelea de la
prineva ley lindatnenial de la sociologia".
Esta última, atima Oskar Lange, "resta
blece la correspondencia entre las relacio
nes de producción y las nuevas fuerzas
productivas"
En la misma obra, se d'ee: "Es la ac
elón de la segunda ley fondamental de la
sociologia (unien) restablees la correspon
dencia entre la superestructura y las exi-
gencias de la nueva base económica..." 13(8)
Tales formulaciones sugieren la acción
unilateral de las fuerzas productivas sobre
las relaciones de producción, y de la base
económica subre la superestructura. El
mismo esquema aparece or la página 58
-de la obra mencionada; en ese esquema,
las "flechas" sólo sigafica que hay un
movimiento de "abajo hacia arriba".
Un corola io dico de esta concepción er
la idea del "carácter conservador tanto do
la base económica como des in superestrues
tura". Una y otra con vistas esenciu!-
mente como cbstácules al progreso de Ins
fuerzas productivas y como algo incapaz
de adaptarse sin retraso, bajo la acción
de las dos "eyes fundamentales de la so-
ciologia".
Aun cuando Oskar Lange reconoce que
el cambio de una forma social a otra cons-
tituye un proceso maléctico, porque resulta
de la solucion de una serie de contradic
clones, la descripción que oferce de dicho
proceso as unilateral. Se inita a invertir
la dialéctica inegeliana, pero deja escapar
Ca especificidad de la dialectica histórica.
Esta última se desarrolla a través de con-
trauicclones no solo operadra, sino pensa-
das. Por otro lado, las con cadicciones no
so resuelven por la inters nción de una
"ley" abstracta, sino por intervención
de las clases o capac mortales que integran
objetivamente uno de los polos de la con-
tradleclón principal de une época, y que
toman conciencia de ella.
Sólo asi puede nacer una 'deologia o una
conciencia revolucionaria, es decir, los
elementos de una nueva superestructura.
La superestructura, lejos de tener un en-
rácter conservador, conduce, por el con-
trarlo, a la transformación de la base eco-
nómica y a un nuevo progreso de las
fuerzas productivas, 191
Cuando se analizan en términos marxis-
tas las transformaciones de la superestrue
tura que condicionan un nuevo progreso
de las fuerzas productivas, con frecuencia
se consideran esenciales en el análisis las
transformaciones politicas y juridicas, la
sustitución de un tipo de Estado por otro,
del dominio de una c'ase por otra, de rela-
clones de propledad y do producción por
20 otras. En efecto; se trata de transforma-
clones decisivas, ya que permiten la susti
tución de una vieja siperestructura que
obstaculiza el desarrollo de las fuerzas pro-
curtivas, por una nuev:, mejor adaptada a
eze desarrollo. Sin en bargo, tales trans-
formaciones son posib! s porque las clases
anies dominadas han rechazado la ideo -
Jogi anterior (que les labia hecho aceptar
el antiguo orden de co 15) y se han adhe-
rido, al menos en lo es neia', a una nueva
ideologia que expresa riejor las exigencias
de las fuerzas product vas y de las rela-
clones de producción correspondientes, es
deel; las exigencias de la bang económica,
En este caso se lince evidente que la ideo-
Jogia no es un factor de resistencia al
cambio, sino, por el co strario, uno de sus
elementos motores.
El papel de la Ideol gía no se limita a
În fare más aguda de i na transformación
nó al. Do hecho, toda queva forma sõelal
sólo puede desarrollan se si la ideologia
que exige su funcionar siento es cula vez
más profundamente, ideologia domi-
nante. Asi, según la naturaleza y el grado
de dominación y penetración en las masas
de una ideologia dada, ésta puede frenar
el desarrollo de las fue czas productivas o,
por el contrario, contribuir a su desarrollo.
Las indicaciones precedentes no sólo tie-
nca un interés teórico En efecto; si se
subraya de una manere unilateral el papel
de la base económica, cdstirá la tendencia
a Impulsar esencialme ste el progreso de
eda base, y en parti ulur, el progreso
de las fuerzas product as, el surgimiento
de una superestructura ideológica adecua
da (en virtud de la "gunda ley funda-
mental de la sociologia ').
Por el contrario, als reconoce que hay
una agelón reciproen entre la base y lu
superestructura, al mimo tiempo que se
impulsa directamente ( desarrollo de las
fuerzas productivas (por la política eco-
nómica), se buscará también en las masas
el progreso de la ideolo; ía que corresponde
a la nueva base econónica, en particular
a través de in educació. Esta última debe
procurar que desapart can las actitudes
y comportamientos he edados del pasado
y sustituirlos por ac itudes, comporta-
mlentos y sistemas nuvos de valores, co*
rrespondientes a las ex peneins milsinag del
desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas.
Parece indispensable reconocer que este
papel de la educación de la ideo.ogia es
tanto más necesario, cuando más avanza-
das estén las relacions de producción y
propiedad, establecida
por un proceso
revolucionarlo, sobre el nivel de desarrollo
de las fuerzas productivas en un pais dado.
El avance del régimen politico y su
cial sobre el nivel local del desarrollo de
las fuerzas productivas, da lugar, en efecto,
a un tipo particular de contradicción, a
una contradicción que favorece el progreso
rápido de las fuerzas productivas, con la
condición de que esté influida correcta-
mente y conscientemente dominada. Esta
Altima fornutución no significa que sólo
a través de un desarrollo de la conciene'a
se encuentra asegurado el desarrollo de
las fuerzas productivas (12), sino más bien
que, en ese caso, la conciencia, de las rǝla-
clones reales de producción y de las con-
tradicciones que pueden chincterizarlas,
así como la capneldad de dominar estas
contradleclones por un comportamiento
1. En realidad, la misma Interpretación me.
canleista de las relaciones entre los di.
ferentes niveles de ja vida social, ha fles
Vado a algunos, mai sistas a penise Him
el progreso de ins furtzus productivas es
suficiente para engendrar todas las con-
diciones de la transforinación revolucio.
naria de un modo de producción, mien
tras que en realidad dicho progreso es
la condición básles de esa transforma-
clón: finalmente, la transformación
se produce sino a través de las contra.
dicciones sociales y de la acción politica
que engendran estas últimas, es decir,
por una acción consciente de los hombres.
2. F. Engels. El origen de la familia. In pro-
piedad y el Estado, Ediciones en Lenges
Extranjeran, 1952, Moscú, Tomo 11, pa
gina 280,
3. Es conocida la célebre finne de Louin: "las
ideas se convierten en fuerzas cuando pa.
netran en las masas". (Lenin, Obran Com
pletas, Tomo XXI. Ediciones Sociales In-
ternacionales, 1930, página 310).
4. En efecto, las ideas se convierten en furr.
7as positivas cuando corresponden a ins
exigencias del desarrolla social, es decir,
al nivel de las fuerzas modievas y m
las relaciones sociales existentes o en pro.
ceso de formación,
:
5. F. Enge's. El origen de la familia... op.
eit., pagina 283.
6. (Ibid., nágina 281). El análisis que pre-
senin Engels de esta "transformación de
Jos hombres" ("amo y esclavos") et extra.
ordinariamente intere ante, Engels withra-
ya que los hombres de la Europa oerl-
dental del siglo noveno, no hablan for.
nado "con la dendencia de una civiliza⚫
ción agonizante, sino entre los dolores del
parto de un civilización nueva".
Eta "nueva civilización", "en plena vita-
lidad de desarrollo", debla sus caracteris.
thean a las insituciones, netitudes, compor-
tamientos e ideas especificas que introdu⚫
jeron las tribus gerrifinicas,
Hablando de esas tribus y del origen de sa
contribución revolucionniin, en el preciso
sentido de la transformación de los hom.
bres, Engels escribe:
"Su expeldad y su valentia persona'es, su
expiritu de libertad y su Instinto denso
crático... en una palabra, todas las cua.
ademiado, son necesarias al progreso de
las fuerzas productivis,
Para ser socialmente significativas, la
conciencia y la capacidad deben expresarse
no sólo en términos de conceptos y cono
cimientos, sino también en forma de orga
nización y actitudes que interpreten de
manera apropiada fox sixten as de valores
y de Herlon. Si faltan estos últimos, las
categorias conceptuales y el conocimiento
o la conciencia no son más que abstrac
ciones sin eficacia social.
Sólo después de esté largo rodeo podes
moi volver a ciertää caracteriifirns expe=
elficas de la construcción del socialismo
en Chira.
Ildades que Ins romanos hablan perdido...
que eran sino los rasgos carncteristicos
de los bárbaros det eta fin seterior de la
bethale, Jon fritios de alt consfffición gen
Alicia"
(Ibid.. pagina 245), y precisa: "us hábi-
tos de gentiles. las supervivencias, vivas
entre clius, de los tiempos de derecho ma
terna" y sus "comunidades de ins peque
ñas ciudades".
Aqui, Engels subiaya el aporte decisivo de
las instituciones, de las ideas y de lie của.
'dades morales caracteristics del “esta.
dio superior de la barbare" a la revolu-
ción que se derano!' entre el quinto y
el noveno sigios. En tanto que la socie-
dad surgida del antiguo esclavismo habla
perdido toda su vitalrad. ablo bárbaros
Man capaces de rejuvenecer un mundo
servil que ruitia una civilización mori.
bunda (Enge's, Ndd, página 2861.
7. Oskar Lange, somonie Poluique, Pies
Universitaire de France, Paris, 1962, XVII.
403, página 12.
8. Ibid., página 42.
9. Ibid.. pagina 43: ef. también páginas 39
a 11 igualmente, páginas 13 a 48 rie 14
misma ob 18.
10. Dicho progress revolucionario es descri-
to brevemente y de manera parcial por
Oskar Lange en la obra citada (páginas
47 y 48), pero sin demostrar que en esto
consiste el procezo real de toda transfor.
mación social radical, ya que tal reso
implica necexerlemente una acción revo
lucionaria que no se prezenta sinn CARTO
do cierto elementos de inuutura,
las ideas. las actitudes, cera, se ha
Integrado y encarnado en la conciencia de
clase revolucionaria", y en la forma con.
Creta de organizaciones a través de las
alex esta comiencia de clate toma cuer-
• y se expirREN,
11. Según la expresión bien conocida de Lerin,
cuando habla de la Rusia Soviética como
un "pais padticamente avanzario y econó
micamente atrasado",
12. Tal interpretación parece ser la de Erneste
Che Guevara en su articut, "La planifica.
ción socialista. su significada" en "Cuba
Socialista" junio de 1 poginus 13 a 24,
cf. página 17 in fine.
21
14-00000
LA PALMA
DE LA MANO
José Lezama Lima
La palma de la mano sobre el río.
La palma paso a paso, hacia mí, leyéndome,
Narciso nascado por la niebla ascendente,
vuelven los dioses descensores, Orfeo
y Stephanophorophoro.
El Indice demuestra, señala la inflexible
Hanura de la nieve, demuestra.
El indice demuestra la carreta sobre un hilo,
la diagonal con cuerpo de cocodrilo
y cabeza de gavilán,
el anillo de oro en el tumor de la luna.
Ia mano se extiende sobre la llanura
de nieve, la palma de la mano
acompasa la boga del río.
La carreta conduce un canoso
reloj de pared. Icaro con dos guadañas.
Saturno se come las nlas de corn.
Se extiende, demuestra, se deja leer.
learo, ya caldo, nadando,
habla con el Resucitado sentado en el légamo.
El vencido por el sol regresa con las estaciones
y el que triunfa de la muerte se vuelve a morir.
Es un bodegón de cebolla, manzana y amapolas.
El aire está exprimido en el puño
que se cierra, el arador por la palma de la mano
deja el reminiscente batido y batihojas,
el deseo paliducho, la scrpiente, el doble
del comienzo, el truchimán vindicativo,
circulo que golpea en las narices.
La capota caída se mide por su sombra.
Icaro vencido y el Resucitado vencedor,
el Resucitado esperando la muerte
y el Icaro eterno relator.
En su sangre el laberinto y el torete
oscuro luchando con el tigre dormido.
1.
2971
¿Quien de Bruren ncompasado en in ebriedad del relojero?
Arrugado, puro detesto, cara de rompeolas.
Principe de Praga, relojero sin dėsēbs,
aliogatio en el reloj de agua,
ola por ele, oli sin kucesión,
ola para ojos
Bitlong caminamo detrás de las pestañias
Uonio elefante chaquetes, medialuñas,
fisoltijatids holos lloritones,
Verde portezuela y amarillo prestidigitador,
abrían el bostezo en la cantina escandinava,
un penique por cada bostezo
y va de contra el bigotillo
_para el perroquete circulante,
pero el tiempo no es como el aguaecro
que tapes grietas
baldea el puchte parabolico de la guitarra.
Touisa que mortir el tiempo por el valveH
de los ojos y cerrar los ojos,
y el murmtillo qtte hos va devorando
bundo nos sumerginos en la madre de carbón:
Sutheraldos toila cena puede llegar a ser eulpa,
tan pronto surge la polifemaida del otro,
Jos mortillazos degeönchn:log
en el enleulo de la restatinelu sombrenda.
Los entorchados del fusilamiento, el pez egipcio
saltando al sol, pueden hacer el pecado inocente.
Blue-tae Fäspacio es pecador en Isis
y después es inocente en Osiris. !
Il finete escita peça sin testes y la franja
celeste rompe el cantaro de las bodas,
Así seguijnios colocando ladrillos eit el muro
sobre los muros cascos de botella,
así nos cosimos la oreja en el cäncan.
1007
S
14-00000
LA CASA
DE CARLOS
PRIMAVERA
EN JEVANI
Carlos Jurado sufrió tante en su infan-
cla, que en cuanto se cash escorrió como
hogar aquella casa de la zona 12 del DF.
adornada con una cabeza de caballo en
el portón. Era una cava enorme, dividida
en innumerables pisitos, buhardillas y
simples rincones, donde las veraneras y
loa jacintos parecían engordar de hume-
dad y de sol matution, con o pupilas de
motrona provinciana que Pezase una ala-
cena repleta de mermelada de grosella
en vez de corazón y quien, luego de la
merienda de las diez, hubiese gastado um
cuarto de hora en consum à su puro de
mariguana que le abriria el apetito para
el almuerzo. En el laberate de sus jardi
nes y corredores se perdió hace años Cha
flán, aquel olvidado cómico de cine me-
xicano, del cual tuvieron 'luego que decir
que habla muerto, ahogado o apoplégico,
en el extranjero. Precisamente la mujer
de Carlos, Chichal, encontraria sa esque-
24 leto bigotudo detrás de una maceta de ge-
Roque Dalton
Fanios en marzo de 1965 y, a fin de res.
catarlo para hacerlo elavur en la gran
cruz de la biblioteca dormitorio, tuvo que
disputarlo seriamente durante toda una
mañana a una vasta jauria de cucara-
chas doradas, Carlos puzalójicamente, sa
habia enamorado a primera vista de las re-
Jas españolas que ado naban muchos de los
ventanales interiores de la casa, porque
le recordaban las de San Cristóbal de Las
Casas y las de su propio hogar allú, que
por cierto le servian d³ jeula-prisión cuan-
do to castigaban por mojar la cama a los
ocho años de edad, exponiéndolo a las
miradas de los trans 'úntes que marcha-
ban friolentamente a misa, con aquel car.
tel autocritico colgado del pecho: "Soy
meón y cagón". Carlos nunca perłonó a
su familia la imputa :ión calumniosa del
segundo pecado. Aquila casa, para em-
pezar a decir algo fun ional a su respecto,
era deliciosa de habi ar, tal esos sueños
que se nos repiten de uando en cuando y
nos van configurando poco a poco un ideal
do no se qué, cuyos definitivos perfiles
y texturns venimos tan sólo a compren-
der 23 horas antes de morir. Hablamos,
desde luego, para personas que han nacido '
o viven en el Hemisferio Norte. Era eso al,
una casa enemiga de! Invierno. Cuando
Hegaban las lluvias, el caballo del portón
se volvia rojo de ira y desde debajo de
las tejas surgian miles de tentaculillos
vibrátiles, remuntados en diminutos para-
gultas color sangre azul que formaban
una capecle de pleura monumental que
rechazaba el agua y convertia las calles
adyacentes en Niágaras de barrio. Las
paredes echaban una pelusa lanosa de
un centimetro de espesor, lo cual no les
Impedia, sin embargo, tiritar en las mn-
drugadas, derrumbando en los interiores
reproducciones de Siqueiro", depósitos de
agua bendita, diplomas de Abogados y
Dentistas, Desde sus patios, ventanas, cla.
raboyas, no se podía ver munca la luna
en esa temporada, aunque esplendiese,
llena, en las escampadas, para ello habla
que cruzar la calle. De allí que algunos
opinen que, además de la pleura aquella,
la casa se erigia entonces una cúpula in-
visible que para el ojo humano no detenía
sino ios rayos de la luna. Porque las es-
trellas se miraban to mis:no, Y los pá-
jaros. En el invierno cumbiaba en la casa
el tono del eco hasta adoptar el de un
viejo bajo aentarrado impostando la voz
con pésimo oficio teatral para demostrar
ira patétien, No Importaba entonces que
la voz original fuera del niño de una fa-
milia de violinistas, acostumbrado a hacer
sus requerimientos fundamentales a fuer.
za do chillidos especialmente agudos, o
de una señorita asustata, ubicable en
algún Burd Politico de la Orden Tereleria
del Santisimo Sacramento, en plena reaç-
ción oral ante los sustos curativos del
hipo. No es que la casa se volviese en
aquel tiempo incómoda o agresiva. Todas
aquellas transformaciones joselan su pro-
pia gravedad y hermosura y más bien
construlan un mundo especial de seres
objetos y fenómenos relacionados entre
si con una disciplinada, responsable ar
monía, similar a la de las pasiones sha-
kespeareanas, que, desde luego, podríamos
objetar, en uso de una moreildad nginties-
tas, únicamente con el argumento de que
toda ella estaba basada en el odio al in.
vierno. Y hablar luego con toda hipocre-
sla de las necesidades de la producción
de cereales, de los pastos para el ganado
de leche, de las sequins en el Brasil y
sus hambrunas concomitantes. Hasta alli
somos capaces de llegar, estéticamente co-
bardes como, de vez en cuando, somos.
Oh, queridas lectoras, pero ¡qué indis-
cutibilidad reenia sobre la beleza de aque
lla casa cuando llegriba la primavera! Ni
los espiritus más nudaces serian capaces
de racionalizar a primera vista la absoluta
Integralidad de la misma y más bien co-
menzarian por confunditia con una simple,
aunque esplendente, paz, un orden de in.
tegración a los días en que la naturaleza
se despereza y se lava la cara, una -con
el perdón de ustedes y en última instan-
cia táctica. Por el contrario, la casa en
primavera era la casa como nunca, lógl-
cainente cerrada sobre si, poblada de in
numerables datos que nos declan de su
relación directa con lo Absoluto, fulgu-
rante en medio de una sequedad de agua
dura, como una meralda o una espada
pulimentada para muestratio, soberbia en
fin, como una bailarina de dieciseis años
cuando se incorpora del lecho sobre la
segunda hora de amor y nos deja, mien-
tras se mete en el cuarto de baño para
sentarse en el bidet, con tiña miano en alto,
lánguida y expectante a la vez, como en
el instante de iniciar el Pas de Quatre,
y nos deja, decia, felices, pero con una
bolita de duda entre las manos que de
pronto comienza a crecer hasta tomar un
tamaño tal que nos vemos ebismados &
iniciar con ella (o sen, la ex-bolita de
duda), angustiados, un nuevo cuerpo a
cuerpo con el que no contábamos, que a lo
mejor no nos permitirá ese cuarto episo
dio, el que decimos preferir por cuanto
nos permite conocer desue ahora las ur-.
gencias de los placeres de la madurez y
cuya misma posibilidad se noe torna de
pronto problemática porque Ella nos ha
Hamado con suavidad desde el baño y
nos ha dicho que no encuentra la llave del
agua caliente, pero à pesar de todo nos
quiere mucho y además va a pedirnos que 25
14-00000
nos asomemos porque se le antoja vernos
desnudos un poquitin, Cemo un joven jefo
de Estado Mayor que dirige, antes quo
nadie, la batalla. Poro ma parece que has
blábamos de alguien, en algún lugar de
México. Y como momentáneamente no só
si so trataba de alguna referencia, en
algún sentido, pol flea, perinitaseme que
Haga un parèntesia preventivo para ubl↳
carme en mi nor al estado de raspon-
sabilidad. Alguna de ustedes podría ayu.
durme, digo yo.
y que se encontraba de nuevo en cuarto
afo de secundaria, iniciando un examen
final de trigonometria sin saber ul siquie-
ra promunciar la palabra enteto. Despertó
sudando en plena madong da y me ha
despertado tainblón para pasear un poco
y buscar cerveza. Entonces es que yo ho
decidido hablar sobre la primavera. Epoca
del afio en que florecen hasta los futbo-
listas, como todo el mundo sabe. Y que
en Checoslovaquia se transforma en una
orden edilicia para bañarse entre las tru-
chas o buscar hongos y muchachas dese™
nuvas bajo el foi que nos piños aci NORQUE
dejan bajar al suelo. Mafiona volveremos
'a-Praga con la cara quemada por eso sol.
Oswaldo Barreto y yo debemos salir de
estos lugares lo más pronto posible, so
pena de ponernos a tener hijos rubios
con Zdenas y Janas y engordar a fuerza
de grandes filetes, algodonoros melocoto-
nes y fresas con crema, hasta olvidar que
alguien está muriendo mal en nuestra vie-
ja casa, preguntando por nosotros con
perentoriedad. Viva esta primavera, sin
embargo,
PRIMAVERA
EN JEVANI
Colores andróginos, una verdadera în-
tagonia de colores, acech intes, anitriones
de la duda, Impermeable: a la mayor vo-
racidad, organizadamente salvajes, man-
durables como una neo sinfonia japonesa
escuchaba junto al so! que te ha desperta-
do de la más larga noche de minor. Los
pajarillos no temen de (waldo Barreto
at de mi, posiblemente nos confunden con
dos obreros de las fábricas de embutidos
de Pisga. Por el contrato, silban sobre
nuestras cabezas valses Data Bunda Mu-
nicipal y nos hacen avergonzernos (ver.
gonzosa verglenza) de los pritos de nues-
Urracas y nuestros querques, de la
ahachalaquema de las bandadas de pe
rinna, de la pesenzada sonora del azacuán
herido en tiempo de frio. "A las seis de
la mañana no va bien la cerveza -nos
dire Ingra al traer los tairos humos.
Ya, pues, nate, un peligroso jugar. Como
para decir, a la hora del crepúsculo (aun-
que a ann demasiado temprimo para pen-
Ar an dl, estimadas todas las cautelas);
"La vida, en general, ha sido bella", Pre-
elsamente ayer, después de discutir sobre
la excesiva carga sexual de la literatura
moderna, visitamos una granja de cerdas.
Veterinarios con gabaeras bancas exami.
maban a los gigantescos animales rosans
en estetoscopios respetantes, a la vez que
conmovedores, mientras demandaban de
Montros que no hablaremos en voz alta.
Antes de entrar, nos hablan cubierto el
Fostro con horales de gasa, para evitar
que nuestros microbios personales se que
28 daran alli. Se nos dijo que el lugar estaba
incluso alejado de les carreterns y las vías
de ferrocarril, que talo ruido extraño
Asusta infinitangente a los cerdos, los haco
perder peso y los paedo mintar del cora-
zón. Nunca vi ceños con más aspecto
de hijo de puta que éstos, Son Jamones
vivientes, con horrit les venitas azules por
tados Indos, busolen es, idénticos a Mon-
Señor Francisco C: stro v Ramirez, un
exageradamente sob arbio obispo del orien
to de mi puls, Oswal Barreto, de pronto
y sin advertirmelo, emitto el más agudo
alarido que recuere) haber oldo en los
últimos cinco años. El desconcierto cun-
dió como diria un novelista hondureño,
sobre todo porgtto Jus cordes comenzaron
a mostrar síntomas (2 angustia que porto
so transformaron er tipa especie tie ata.
que de asma colectivo, Los veterinarios
corrian espantados le aqui hnefa allá y
nuestro gula, abso utamente furlos y
temblón, lo dijo a Oswaldo: "La regia
aquí es of silencio"". "Yo suelo gritar
-contestó éste sy venezolano". "Al
pala que fueres haz ó que vieres" -citó,
popular, pero no nenos tensamente, el
gula. "Cuando Uds, 1 egar, a Venezuela no
los obligamos a gri ar" --kontoneló Os.
waldo imperturbable antes do que yo lo
sacara casi a empu, nes del lugar, Cast
vomité de la rha, Como cuando vl aquel
rótulo en una esdle (í Savlago de Chilet
"Zorubah 1 Galeno, astre militar”. Aun-
que ahora no recuer o lo que tal anuncio
lenia do gracioso. Os vallo pagó, no olis-
tante, su delito: ano he soño que lo ha
blan echado para a rás en sus estudios
27

14-00000
DEBATE CON
ALBERTO
MORAVIA
"L'Expresso" de Roma organizó,
recientemente, un debate entre el es
eriter Alberto Moravia y los estudian-
tes Massimiliano Fuksas, Sergio Pé-
trucelol y Duccio Staderiai, quinto
año de Arquitectura; Valerio Veltroni,
primer año de Filosofia, y Oreste Seal-
zone, tercer año de Filosofia, El tema
del debate se centra en la crítica y en
In eposición a esta última generación
de inteles tenleg contra aquellos que so
dien quer distas y contra aquellos
que dominer el mundo de la cultura
oficial. Este debate polémico pone de
manifiesto las contradicciones entre
Ideologin y vida práctica de algunos
intelectuales,
Moravin: Yo pertenezco a ese tipo de
proletario que se llama a si mismo artista.
Los objetos que yo fabrico son novelas
y dramas, o sea, que logro crear de la
unda, con mis manos o mejor dicho con
and monte, algo que antes no existia, y lo
venda, Siestiera en la China no podría
coloci mis productos porque no hay de-
manda, en la chann de hoy, para productos
como los nens. Pn Italia esa demanda
existe parcialmente; de todas formas yo
vendo estos productos a quien los paga
regún las leves del mercado, porque, como
he dicho, vivo de mu trabajo en un pris,
que es Italia. No podria colaborar en dia-
rios partidarios pues no pertenezco a par-
tido algumo, es decir tengo mis propias
ideus quo, en ciertas ocasiones, pirden o
no coincidir eun ins de algun partido. Sl
28 yo colaborara con Unitá (Organo del Par-
tido Comunista), po· ejemplo, no podría
ecribir todo lo que se me ocurriera; y
por otra parte, si blen actualmente no ten-
dria dificultad en compartir la linea de
Unitá con respecto Viet-Nam, durante
veinte años en car) o (hasta el XX con-
greso) el stalinis
me habria impedido
colaborar en forma absoluta. De manera .
que yo publico mis n welas en el Corriere
della Sera, Sin emb. rgo, ustedes no en•
contraran en el Coriere della Sera una
sola palabra en favor del sistema existente
hoy en Italia,
Sealzone: Quisiera "ecordarle a Moravia
que ettalquier obra lit raria, cualquier pros
duero intelectual es un hecho politico. Tit.
norar todo eso significa haver yn una
elección politien, entrar en el juego de los
Intereses creados, en otras palabras inte.
parse. Publicando no velas en el Corriere
della Sera, cualquier que sea su conte-
nido, usted, Moravia. está tomamio una
posición política blen definida.
•
Moravia: No más que cualquier proles
farlo en ti regimen cunfallsta. ¿Por qué
entonces los pintores deberian eximirse de
esa netención? ¿Por qué los profesores?
¿Por qué los arquitetos, o los directores
¿Por qué los obreros que frn-
una fábrica de
And as supongamos,
Scalzone: En efecto, nosotros no pro-
ponemos como modele in figura del obrero
esclay lando, sino in del obrero que se libera
de la esclavhud. El ob ero puede liberarse
politicamente, volvión lose revolucionario
millante. El escritor, en cambio, manipu-
la material intelectual 'y a riemuto iden
tifica y limita att actividad en el artu de
execible,
Petrucctoll: El obrero dentro del siste-
ma, es un esclavizado. El intelectual, en el
momento en que acepta moveise dentro
del aparato de la cultura dominents, atep.
ta un papel que no es el del enclavizado: Fo
vuelve un intermediario entre la clase quo
está en el poder y los consumidores, Cuân-,
dio, para vender su producto, el tien como
-medios de comunicación justamente aque.-
los canales que constituyen la fuerza y
la continuidad de in cultura dominante,
entonces está asumiendo una posición cla-
·ra, prescindiendo-del-contenido de sus
obras.
Scalzone: En otros término", no se trata
sólo del contenido o de las ideas, sino de
in función que el libro pasa a asumir en
Ja estructuri economien,
Moravia: En um sistema capitalista los
editores son capitalistas y el escritor es
un proletario al igual que cualquier otrɔ
que está en condiciones de ser aprovecha«,
do ty a menudo lo es), y el libro es un
producto a ser consumido. Si ustedes aflr.
man que el arte no es expresión sino pro-
dueto, entonces, no pueden pretender que
el escritor sea un intelectual, o sea un
creador con privilegios y responsabilida
des mayores que los demás, Deben en
camblo admitir que es una especie de fr•
tesano, o con un proletario. Hay contra
dicción entre el papel que ustedes le exigen
al intelectual, y el valor de producto.quo
le atribuyen al arte. Por otra parte, habría
quo ver si el producto literario está hecho
para el consumo o para la representación.
Hay un guna diferència entre la industria
enfural y in expresión artistica, La pris
mern produce un urte de élite, que en lus
paises capitalistas obedece a las leyes del
Eeneficio y en los paises comunistas, a
las leyes del Estado: es lo mismo, por lo
menos para los fines del arte.
En Occidenta existe el finite del bene.
flexo; en Oriente el de la proparanda, So
trata sienipe de un arte de élite, O rea
una terutina que tiene que ser consu
mida, no imporía donde, en el tren o en
los bancos de las escuelas. Nunca revo-
lución alguna quiro eso. Las revoluciones
euleren la libertad de la expresión artis,
Tien. Es decir, cors'derando que para ir-
tades los contenidos (o sea la critica del
poder) no exentan, quieren la libertad
del lenguaje.
El escritor que no quiere ser Interm
dierlo entre las clases dominantes y el
público puede encontrarse operando en
frea situaciones históriens diferentes. 81
la alfunción lo permite, o va los tiempos
kon cómodos, puede have arte de cual.
quier tipo; al los tiempos apremian debes.
rá abandonar la representación y la poesía
para el ensayo, el articulo: finalmente,
los tiempos no dejen otra adernativa,
dejará de ser escritor, hende de cultura,
yrerá el cimdarfano que defiende ku li-
bertad con un fuell, Ahom yo les pre-
gunto: ¿en cufil de estas situaciones nor
encontramos hoy? En mi opinión podemos
trebajar tedavia con un margen bastanta
ampliù, en Italia por lo merus, comò para
hacer representación rustica aunque,
como sabemos es amblea de por sl.
Cuando los tiempos apremian cleriamente
In perlu ya no alennan: se troosita in pa-
blicación periodistica. Cuando finalmente
cimplezan a entrar los meris en în casa
We uno (como me paró a mi) entonces ca
necesaria in lushn armada.
Petruccioli: Me parece que la diferen.
clación de Moravia entre el momento del
artista, del periodista y del ciudadano,
vuelve a presentar el error que ha exix-
tido en la cultura izoterd'sta en los úl-
timos veinte años. ¿Que significa indivi
Qualizer tres niveles de integración para
un intelectual que opera en el interior
de un cierto rérimen? Signition procurar-
le una protección Meológica.
Scalzone: Significa darle la posibilidad
de considernese inocente etando vende las
novelns al Corriere en nombre de la bús
queda estilística y comprometido cuandɔ.
firma tun cartel por la paz en nombre de
Bus recuerdos da Revistencia. Significa
darle la posibilidad de jugue en doa.
15.
Dónde puedo escribir de Morn-
via-, our canni puedo odšlizar, que mo
deje ser plenamente libre? Si yo escribie-
ra en Unith no podria eritieni por ejem-
p'o una pelicula soviétion como Natachn,
Por lo tanto, escribo en el Corriere della
gria,
Scalzone: Esa forma de inzonar refleja
la personalidad del intelectual de izquierdit
de in deada del 50, Refieja in psicologia
de cierta generación de intelectuales de
izquierda para los cuales et compromiso
politico ha sido exclusivamente actividad
do resistencia, que es alan muy diferente
de una orgànics activided revolucionarin,
1. No le perece, Moravia, que usted so está
quedando estérilmente atado a ese mun
GO?
Moravia: Creo que no soy extraño a lo
que está pasundo alrededor de mi. Antes 23
1776. www
T
14-00000
30
de la guerra teniamos el fascismo, Das.
pitós de la guerra, la luctus de clases. Hoy
tenemos la civilización industrial o de os
consumas. Hoy, a pesar de que siguen
existiendo las clases y Ins Ruchas de clase,
me interesan principalmente los males de
la civilización industrial.
Veltroni: Yo quiera hablar de nuestra
sltración de universitarlus, de muestra po.
lémica. Nosotros nos damos crenta de au
la universidad, en la sociedad occidental,
sólo sirve para proveer les técnicos que
contribuyen al fortalecimiento de la es
tructura capitalista. No es instrumento
de libertad, no sive para sustituir la re-
cepción policial con of libre juego Intr-
lectual. Por eso cridemics tanto a un
determinado tipo de hondire de culturn.
Ciertos intelectuales para nosotros son
implemente agentes, finjon representar n
la izquierda, pero en realidad no hacen
otra cosa que servir al sistema.
Moravia: La relación entre arte y poli-
fica no es tan simple como ustedes creen.
Cuando escribia Glind'ferenti, por ejem-
plo, yo era prácticamente molitico, Sin
embargo tela el mundo vio ahl uma de.
nuncia politlen.
Staderinl: Mire señor Morecia, a mi no
me interesa cómo usted organiza sus re-
laciones con la sociedad Sólo me preo-
rupo de que usted no trato de justificarlas
one no frate de salvar su alma, como
han estado haciendo los Intelectuales de
Izquierda en les últimos veinte años, Han
conciliado lo que no es conciliable. Han
repetido a cada instente "Sey un comu–
nista, roy a marviela y por lo tanto no
estoy de netterdo con esta sot iedod", Peri
emseiulda agregabon: "Pero esta es la
sociedad en que vivo y in actividad que yo
puedo desarrollar en ella es el arte". En
otras palabras han reservade para si mis-
mos una intervención que no cambia
nada, Es una mrmera de iste norse, mum-
que sea una manera un poco hipócrita.
Moravia: Yo no de salvar mi alma
nqui en Italia, ni en Rusth, n en Estados
Unidos ni en ninguna otra parte.
Veltront: Usted dijo que la autogestión
de las fábricas por parte de los obreros
y el aprovechamiento de os obreros, nun
bajo un dueño Huminado so la misma
cosa. Como comunista, cuando escucha.
mos cosas como és nos rebelamos: Es
una posicion socialdemocrata.
Moravia: Ya dije solamente que el es-
labón de la cadena de mortaje es factor
do allenación tanto en una fábrica en
nutogestión como en un fábrien enpltn-
lista. En otros formin a, u cuestión da
fondo sigue sin resolve se: el hombre in-
tegrado en una cadena le montaje, ¿cómo
hara para ser hombre? ¿Cómo hará para
comunicarse?
Fuksas: Este es el secreto y în finn-
Hud de la revoluelón cultural; permitirlo
comunicarse,
Moravia: Si usted hu dera leido mi libro
sobre China, habria en ontrado aquí que,
paz mf, una de las grandes esperanzas
de la revolución cultural consiste justa-
mente, en hacer pasal al hombre desde
la condición campesin: a la tecnológica
-sin-que tenga que pasa por la etapa bur
guesa de los consumo
Petruccioli: El Intelectunt de izquierda
está atado a un tipo de actividad desarro➡
llad en el pasado, que hoy él llama re-
volucionaria pero que objetivamente no
lo es.
Moravia: ¿Qué actividad?
Petruccioll: A la netividad desarrollada
dinante In Resistencia, que actualmento
8. ura para justifieur u ta serie de opera-
ciones equivoradas,
Cuando usted dice que hoy el problenia
ya no consiste en la lucha de clases sino
en la lucha contra in civilización Indus.
trial y la étien de los cor sumnos, asume una
netitud de esclavo, Susiclón es análoga
a la de aquellos que cren que es suft-
cleate el hecho de est. r inscritos en al-
guna organización pol len para enlifieur
sus productos, Pre es un razonamlento
falan. En otras palabras, serian más alu-
ceros si se limitaran a decir: "Yo nece-
sito ganar plata, Trato le cumplir con ml
trabajo libremente, pero cuando no lo con-
sigo tengo el atenuante del estado de ne
cesidad". Este es el dis urso que hay que
rebatir; vuestra mala le es demostrada
por la venta miana de vuestros produc-
tos. Prosemando Vuestros productos de
esa forma, como fruto de in ideologin do
la clase obrera ustedes desacreditan a la
claso obrera misma. Us edes se presentan
como inocentes de comandan las cons
en el mundɔ capitalista a pesar de com-
partle in responsabilid d do todas esas
сония.
Scalzone: Quislera 1 :cordarle la frase
de Carmichael, el lider del Poder Negro,
"El intelectual no nos interesa por lo que
hace, sino por lo que hice por nosotros".
Exto ea también nuestro criterio, Con ét
medimos la posición politica del artista.
* Moravia: Ustedes, en otras palabras.
quisieran un arte completamente politi-
zado. Por in parte, yo no escribo articu.
los políticos en el Corriere, como no los
escribia en Unita. No tengo partido, odlo
a los partilos. No me atillaría a ninguno
de ellos. Me transformaria en un instru-
mento y no podria serle útil a nadie, ni
alquiera al partido al cual catuviera aft-
llado.
Fuksas: ¿Pero usted está seguro, en su
-condición actual, de-no zor un instru-
mento?
Moravia: Permitame definir al artista.
El artista es el hombre, el único hombre
"que tiene el deber de tenerse parece
clao a un niño, o sea no reprimirse y con-
dicionarse en favor de sociedad alguna.
La función social del artista, en otras pn.
fabras, es la de ser en alguna medida un
antisocial.
Veltroni: Yafirmando eso, usted sigue
creyéndose marxista?
Moravia: Desde luego soy marxista.
Pero no existe sólo el narxismo. Creo
que éste es un excelente instrumento de
conocimiento, pero no el único.
Scalzone: El marxismo no es un ins-.
trumento de conocimiento, sino de trans-
formación del mundo,
Moravia: Conoelmiento, para un artis-
ta, quiere deer transformaelón del muné
do. Yo no soy hombre de acelón: si lo
fuera todo sería mucho más simple, acep-
taria al marxismo como instrumento de
transformación, como doctrina para la
acelón.
Veltroni: El "Che" Guevara ha dicho:
"Los intelectuales deberían suicidarse, co-
me clase". Eso significa que el intelectual
no debe usar su pluma como instrumento
para hacer lo que le gusta y evitarse
el enfrentamiento con in realidad, ¿Qué
plensa usted de esa frase, que en parta
ex aceptada también por Mao?
Moravia: Digo que es la frase de un
hombre de neción, revolucionario de pro-
fesión. Un hombre que coloca în acción
politica por encima de tudo lo demás,
Plenso también que la pluina es un instru-
mento para hacer lo que nos gusta y en
consecuencia enfrentarnos a la rentidad.
Veltroul: ¿Su juicio sobre las obras do
Mao y Guevara?
Moravia: Opino que Mro es un exce
lento excritor. Permitame citar mi \l='
bro sobre China. Página 45: "Ha sido
al mismo tiempo el Lamin, »l Trotiki y
Stalin (pero también el Malakovski) do
China". En cuanto a Guevara, lo conozco
poco como escritor. Como hombre de ar.
ción su figura (lo afirmé en una entre-
vista a Parse Sera) es heroica,
Bealzone Usted. Morsvin, gcree que
sux reportajes desde China o desde Corea,
a sobre Podgorny, puedan contribuir a la
lucha que los paises socials o del tercer
mundo están llevando en contra del impe-
rialismo?
Moravin: Nunca escribi nada acerea de
Podgorny. El articulo desde Corea (Ver
ANALISIS, No. 334) era una descripción
veridica de la caprintosa silvación de Co-
rea del Sur. Léanto, o vuelvando a leer,
y verán. Junto con otros escritores eu-
rapeos he firmado en una página del New
York Times, un llamado contra la guerra
de Vietnam. Llamé hace poco tiempo a
la Academia de Artes y Letras america-
na, de la cual formo parte como miembro
honorario, con el fin de que se decidan
a tomar posición en contra de la guerra,
Naturalmente firmé manifiestos contra la
querra, no se hace otra cow desde hace
veinte años. ¿Pero para qué sirve? Se
debiera hacer mas. Deberiase impedirle
a Estados Unidos hacer la guerra. Pero
yo, como escritor, ¿qué puedo hacer?
Veltroal: Deberin hacer dos mosás,
Primera: en el momento en que usted en.
erite reportajes o articulos por ejemplo,
no deberia apoyar al imperialismo, Seguné
do: no deberia preocuparse sólo de lo que
escribe, sino también de donde lo escribe,
y quien to lerrá,
.
Hea'war, Otra pregunta a Moravia. La
relación entre hombre endena de pre-
ducción es de todas formas una relación.
alienada. La contradicción que interesa
en el plano sócial es la relación entre apro-
vechador y aprovechado. ¿Usted de qui
lado está? Si está con el segundo, ¿piensa
combatir el primero? ¿Con cuáles medios?
¿Plensa que pueden ser los propios de mi
profesión de excritor? O que se pueda y
deba combatir con otros medios?
Moravia: Representar, en arte, ea com-
batir, porque la representación es acusa.
clón y juicio. Fuera de ello, queda la se-
clón politica o armada,
Fukas: La "generación intermedia" a
in cual Moravia pertenece, ha formado
una especie de monopolio cultural y ecos
nómico de toda la producción. Esta es
la razón por la cual re-gamos de los
hombres de cultura da aquella, genera-
ción.
'31'
નામના કલાકાર ડો.
14-00000
Moravia: Yo no participo de plugin
monopolla cultural ni pucho menos reos
nómico. He protestado siempre, en mta
Ibros, Protest on ustedes también, Prue.
ben a escribir una novela en contra del
monopolio,
Staderini: Una última pregunta: ¿Usted
dijo que firma llamados por la paz en
Vietnam?
Moravia: En clerto,
Staderial: Firma también en el Corrie-
ro della Sera, que es el organo do la opre
sión imperialista en Italia. ¡No es una
contradicción?
Moraviat Si es cierto que el Corriere
della era es el organ de la oprerdón
Imperialista en Italla, 2 una contradle-
elón. De todas formas no escribo articulos
Ideológicos, y si los escritora, no los pu
blicaría en el Corriere della Sera. Final-
mente, a pesar de que yo no sea stall.
Hnista, permítame citar a Stalin: "Dicen
que nos contradeelmos, Pues si, nos con<
tradecimos". Solo los git-prof no 40
contradicen,
(Tomado de la revista "Análisis", Ar-
gentina, marzo de 1958)
Jorge Lu Reyes
32
PROXIMAMENTE
TEATRO MUSICAL
DE LA HABANA
Los Siete Pecados
Capitales
comedia musical de
Héctor Quintero
1
=
14-00000
Na
46585AG 384
BOUTING AND/OR INITIALS SEEN .
2. W. J. FAUTYAF
AC/WH/
9354
± 23 November 1968
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IN PREPARING REPORT ON CONTACTS AND EXPERIENCES WHILE IMPRISONZD GUATEMALA, AND
Cat
IN GIVING OPINION ON HOW HAVE FAILED THERE. TO MAKE HIM APPEAR TOO
KNOWLEDGEABLE ON PAR/PGT COULD AROUSE SUSPICIONS LIRJEC-9 AND COLLEAGUES,
3. IT SEEMS POSSIBLE LIRTEG-9 MAY HAVE BEEN RELATING DIRECTLY TO ACTIVITIE
OF HECTOR SANCHEZ GONZALEZ PER MEXICO CITY 7744 (IN 18686) IF LIRKEEL-2 REPORT
INDLED BASED ON FACT.
MICROFILMED
SELEASING OFFICES
CONTINUED
FEB 27 1969
DOC. MICRO. SER.
COOBANG OFFICERS
SECRET
Ring 13
201-798301
टाण
Excluded re
dging and
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICES
COPY NO.
14-0000
S SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PER
(cistication)
MESSAGE HOSTA
ROUTING AND/CP INITIOS - SEEN BY
TOTAL COPLE'S
1
"
,
SECRE
3
4
S
10
INDRA
DESTROY ☐ RETURN TO..
BRANCH
FILE RID
NO INDEX
☐ FILE DR CS FILE NO.
RIFO:
RID COPY
FILE
SECRET
ГРАСВ ТВО
MEXICO CITY
GUATEMALA CITY
(cate and time 1.100)
(otto)
(reference number;
(pics)
CITE DIRECTOR
53469
ה
4. Lows a
CUEANS
ANY CUBAN EFFORT THERE. AT SAME TIME DESIRE ENTICE DRIVERS TO EXPOSE HAND
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE WITHIN FEASIBLE KNOWLEDCEABILITY LIRING-3. ACCORDINGLY
BELIEVE DETAILED DISCUSSION IN MEXICO WITH GUAT STATION C/O AT THIS TIME
WOULD BE PROFITABLE AND WELL WORTH VISIT.
Hqs Comments: "
Jahon
Chief,
VED
References attached
**
WH/COG: Paul Oberst (telecon)
WE
Wa/2. A subs
Murray (draft)
Kaufman
BELEASING OFFICES
COOBCINATING OFFICERS
-5 B GRET
CHOUFT
Excluded from tec
dow.grading and
Assisi sufle
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE PROHIBITED.
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICES
COPY NO.
7
14-00000
DISPATCH
CLASSIFICATION
PROCESSING ACTION
SECRET
Att 3
✗
| MARKED FOR EDEKING
10
Chief, WH Division
EXFO.
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
PGS
FROM
Chief of Station, Mexico City
SUBJEG
City A
PBRUMEN/The LIRING 3 Operation
ACTION REQUIRED - SEFERENCES
Action Required: FYI
References
:
A.
INDEXINCRED
ONLY QUALIFIED DESK
CAN JUDGE INDEXING
KICKOFFUM
HMMA-35904, 27 November 1968
B. MEXICO CITY-8159, 22 November 1968
1. Forwarded herewith as attachment #1 are three reports
on the most recent developments of the LIRING-3 operation, one
dated 17 Novembow and teated 22 November, prepared by
Wallace B. ROWTON. The gist of the 22 November report relating
the conversation which LIKING-3 had on that date with LIRING-9
was cabled in reference B. Some additional comments by
LIRING-9 passed on orally by ROWTON and not included in his
report were included in reference B.
2. Forwarded as attachment #2 are Xerox copies for both
addressees of two letters received by LIRING-3 from FAR contacts
The third letter was prepared as an answer by
in Guatemala.
LIRING-3.
Attachments:
2.
Reports (3), h/w
Letters (3), u/s/c
Raymond A. Fulya
for Willard C. CURTIS
3. Identity Sheet (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2
-
2
-
C/WHD (w/atts 1 copy each)
COS, Guatemala City (w/atts
-
MICROFILMED
DEC 9 1968
soc
1 copy each)
s/catt: 2
Watt :1
CROSS REFERENCE TO
CS COPY
DESPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
:
1
HOS FILE NUMBER
201-798301
November 1968
DATE
HMMA
-
35905
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
201-798301
་་ ་་
14-00000
AFT 1
HONA-35905
Subject:
M..CROFILMED
DEC 9 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
TIKING/3 Ag
17 November, 1998
toot with Riding office.
7P
1. During the period 4-15 November 1958, Rowton - with IIRTING/3 on four
occesiors to debrief him on his sctivities. ITPI10/2 acreed with Boston that
there were several phases to his mereved operational activity that needed
careful planning co-ordination. Te commented on these as follows:
(6) Maintenance of "to test with PAR: TRING/3.8t letter to Rafeel
Frquets A. ivi bir his current dress so that "Pevel" could be
informed how to cerfect him. In response to this letter, LIRING/3
received e note fromthe mother of the Miguel and Juán Imón Barrios
on 14/11/6º enquiring about his herith. Since the letter
23 ad-
regs 501171/5's new eccress be felt it was pro०f that his
reply to inquata's letter had been received. He stated that he hoped
"Favel" or some one else representing PR would soon appear.
(b) RE-establishment of Contact with LIRING AND PERUMEN: LIRING/3
agreed with kowton that his ultimate objective would be a trip to
PERUMEN to act as liaison between the authorities there and FAR. Row-
von stressed the need to keep the local ITRING establishment informed
and in support ɗf his activities, to avoid hurting their feelings by
going over their head (as happened before the last trip). TIRING/3
commented that he vy uld have to maneuver matters so that he was ex-
tended an invitation. He would try this through LISING/10, but if
it did not succeed he would fry a discreet approach through Orlando
Suarez who, he felt, could arrange a cultural invitation; without
difficulty.
-LTRING/ subsequently reported to Rowton that he met with CIPING/40
on the reming of 15/11/68 in the patio area of the LINING establish-
ment and that the latter had introduced him to his replacement, who
invited ITRTFG/3 to meet with him any sorning about 1100 except Non-
days and Fridays. WRING/9 also asked ITRYNG/3 to meet with him pri-
vately at his convenience so that he could Cobrief him of his ex-
periences. JIRING/3 commented that FIRING/2 was very cordial but
did not ask him any specific questions or show interest in debrief-
ing him. FIRING/3 promised Rowton that he would attempt to min
access to JIRING/10's office for the debriefing.
(c) Cover Prohlone: TIRING/3 told Rowton that he would make every effort.
to obtain some kind of cover employment so that he could justify any
funds given to him by Rowtor. He stated that he was attempting to
HMMA 35905
h/watt: I
CS COPY
201-798301
14-00000
creence for on exposition to 44
time perquado 2 leading machen n
fucts and At the sere
ito permit him to
twock in his establisment ( for a meritul salama).
suggested a better possibility
-
IT-TNG/3 then
en exposition ital.Canada,
where he had contact with a Terso who could
catters for hia,
LISTNG/3 confessed that he, favored. Canaão for another personal resson.
He explained that LIB/w's father was subtering from what appeared to
be terminal cancer of the throat or exces and that 1/4 was very
anxious to see him before he died. The sted several time
tines that
she planned to request e vise for travel to Rew York since it was cut
of the question for her father to travel to Havico City to visit her.
LIRING/3 told Rowton that in spy case he felt it "wise to permit 1/4
to visit New York where she would inevitably fall in with a
refugees who would report cu her attitudes. He preferred to travel with
her to Montreal under cover of the exposition and then ask her father to
join them there a trip within reason for a person in his condition.
1/3 added that he felt he and 1/4 could travel by bost at a modest fare
and this would permit him to carry as many of his products as possible
for the exposition.
1
Rowton agreed that this might he a solution, but recommended that 1/3
look into the possibility of returning to Mexico via I BRUMEN (on the boat.
since this would kill two birds with one stone. Rowton suggested that
L/3 determine whether L/4's father was actually in a condition to travel
even the relatively short distacne. If not it might be possible for 1/4
to travel to New York via Montreal by train at less expense than by air.
шовать
Wallace B. Rowton
14-00000
ATT 1
Inna - 35905
HADA
22/11/68
1
1. LIRING/3 received letter annenbsdging from "Marta" postmarked
9 November, Guatemala, C.A. acknowledging receipt L/3's letter and
expressing relief from anxiety. Gives greetings from "los canchitos*
Miguel, Elsa, "La Negra", "La Chiquitia", Felisa,Maria Elena, "La gordita?
Envelope written by other hand is addressed to L/3 at his new residence
and bears return address: M.Bol.,28c "3" 8-25 Zona 8. LIRING/3 told
Rowton this letter from mother Juán and Miguel E León Barrics,
sent apparently to test commo channel. I/3 replied to letter 22/11/68
stating he expects soon make rip “outside country" and asking Kær
Marta to tell "los canchites" ( her sons Miguel and Juán) to send him
the assignment ("encargo") soonest since he in position to help them
in some way. L/3 enclosed clipping from "Siempre" of letter to editor
describing his experiences in Guatemala.
2. L/3 also turned over to Newben letter from "Espinoza" postmarked
7 November, Guatemala, C.A., sending warmest greetings, but containing
phrase, "the León Barrios send you greetings", which L/3 interprets to
be signal from Juán and Miguel that contact with FAR imminent. Envelope
addressed to L/3 at his new address bears return address: Oscar Moises
Raldán E., Granja Penal Pavón, Fraijanes, Guatemala.
3. LIRING/3 also reported that be had private talk with LIRING/9 on
late morning 21 November in which 1/9 stated he most interested in
any observations L/3 might wish make concerning attitude and opinicas bis
FAR contact with respect to PBRUMEN support. He asked L/3 to put
his thoughts in writing and submit them to him at 1730 on 26 November.
At L/3 request he promised invite LIRING/10 and other interested LIRING
officials to this meeting. LIRING/9 expressed opinion that LIRING/3
should subsequently travel to PBRUMEN for "more detailed" discussions
and offered arrange cultural cover invitation. He added that it would
not be necessary for L/3 make formal application for visa.
4. LIRING/3 will submit to Rowton draft of his report on afternoon
25/11/68 so that Rowton may amplify as desired. L/3 told Rowton he plans
take line that FBRUMENs do not understand local problems and that their
aid in past has been dissapated in factionalism. L/3 asked Rowton for
as many details as Rowton can gather to strengthen his report (such as

14-00000
2.
local FAR attidute toward César Montes and CPG leaders through whom
PBRUMEN has worked in past. Also in French girl who executed recently
about whom L/9 asked L/3 a number of questions, indicating FBRUMEN
interest in exact role she played via-á-vis FAR.
WB Rowton
:
14-00000
ATTI
Subject:
Hnna-35905
22 November, 1968
LIHING/3 Report of Meeting with LIRING/%.
1. LIRING/3 reported to Rowton at the safehouse ( Identity B ) at
1015 on 22 November, 1968, that he had met with LIRING/9 at the lates
ter's private office late the previous morning for a very serious
discussion. L/3 explained that he had visited the 112ING offices with
LIRING/4 to pass out invitations to the exposition scheduled to begin
on 23/11/68, and that L/9 approached him immediately and asked him
to come into his office for a chat, "if he could spare the time." Early
in the conversation, Roston's reconstruction of which follows, LIRING/3
got the impression that 1/9 had been delegated by LIRING/10 to talk
privately with him on the matters he broached:
ÿỉ “i'm glad, chico, that you have a few minutes, since I wanted
to talk over a few things very seriously and in private."
3. "I'm at your disposition. What do you have in mind?”
9/. "Well, what are your plans?"
3/."What plans do you mean? After all I have a lot of plans
for different things, as you can imagine."
9/."I mean your plans for the immediate future."
i
3/."Well, I pllan giving this exposition ( to which you are
invited, of course) in the hope of raising encugh money to
take a trip to Montreal where I expect to have another ex-
position already being arranged by CPIC. This will enable
LIRING/4 to come up there to see her father who is very ill,
as you probably know. Her father will gladly help us financially
to cover some of the cost of the trip."
9/."Yes, but I mean what about your plans for continued political
activity?"
3" Well, that's different. As you know I have had a long standing
interest in Central America politically, and, despite the fact
that it has cost me a great deal personally, I hope to continue
helping my friends within my capabilities. Fortunately, there
in really nothing that + know of against me here in Mexico, since
I have not become involved with organizations and parties."
9/."I see. But has your experience in Guatemala affected your at-
titude towards us?"
3/."Frankly it has. I have a much better idea of the struggle from
: first-hand experience, and much more sympathy for the difficultie
i
14-00000
2.
that the comrades there had had to undergo."
9/. "But could you be more specific?"
3/."Well, it's a long story. I had hoped to discuss it in some
detail with several of you together, carticularly LIRING/10
and his replacement."
9/. "Yes, that will be arranged. But first I would appreicate your
going over everything with me.'
"
{
3/. "Well first of all, I would like to have present Iden ▲ with
his wife since I want once and for all to clear up any questions
about the circumstances of our mutual experience there."
91. "Don't be childish. We know all about Iden A, just exactly
what kind of person he is as well as his wife. Such a confronta-
pe ve're concerced.
He is a taste of time, e
Por
3/."But don't forget the fact that the parents of the wife of Iden
ats a very close friends of the LIRING Chief and it's; quite natu-
ral that they'll present their point of view when they see him.'
9. "Don't worry about that. It's a purely social relationship, and,
in any case, our Chief really hasn't got very much to do with
these things, and his opinion won't matter."
31. "I hope so. I'd feel better in any case to talk about the detail
in Iden's presence, so that he will agree, as he must on his res-
ponsibility. You realize, of course, that be carried with him
such compromising material that it was a miracle that we were
not assassinated on the spot."
9/. "Yes, but that is unimportant now. what is important isthe fact
that you have learned a great deal about the mentality of our
friends down there, and that this could prove very useful to us
in our future dealings."
1
31. "Yes, for instance, they told me among other things that César
Montes had spent too much time with your people, on trips to
your country and to Mexico, and had completely lost touch with
the revolution. That's the reason he was "destituido".
9/."So, you know that!"
-
3/."Yes, and many more details of why they are unhappy the lack
of adequate financial support, the inability of XPRIMEPRGUMEN
to ezbarrass F3FRIME In their increasing trade success."
9/." Very interesting! I have a suggestion. Suppose you prepare a
written report (informe) and bring it in at 1730 sharp on 26
November. I'll have some of my colleagues present so that we
14-00000
3.
can all discuss your opinions and suggestions. I suggest
1730 because it will be quieter then and we can go to a
better place to talk privately."
3. "Fine, but I would like to be able to amplify my report in
person inthe PBRUMEN capital. Perhaps I could stop off there
on the way back from Montreal."
9/. "But there are no passenger ships making that run. Only cargo
ships. I have a better suggestion. We could arrange an invitation
for a cultural exposition that would appear innocuous."
3/. "Fine. I agree that would be best. Do I have to make any formal
application?”
01 It would be
about LING/4?”
sary. I'll have everything. but what
$
31. "That's a rather delicate matter. She has not quite gotten over
my experience, and might object to my re-involvment in political
matters. I therefore would request you not to Ieption this aspect
to her. She could go off to her home town and visit her family
and think that the whole trip is cultural."
9/. "Yes, I agree that would be best under the circumstances."
Wallace B Rowton
14-00000
MICROFILMED
DEC 9 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
Arr 2
THOD
R/C Mains Raidan &.
Kranju Prual Panou
fraijanes Guatemala
DIA DISANTERO
12 DE NOVIEMBRE
GUATEM
Senar
Carlos: Jurado
-GATE
Y CORREO AEREO
VIA AIRMAIL :
Edificio Cardena A-6.
Bachuca
Mexico /^, D. J.
N
UNDENDIE
CONTROL
s/catt: $
* HAIMA - 3.545
C3 COPY
201-798301
14-00000
ANVIL
7/11/68
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14-00000
Stampe! Nos. 1-
AVENTURA DE JURADO EN GUATEMALA
1:
St. José Pegs Lergo
Director de SIEMPRE!
Hace unos días volví a la ciudad de México, después de
haber permanecido encarcelado durante cos) 7 meses en
Guatemala, sujeto a un juicio del cuci sal absuelto- acu- !
sado por las autoridades de aquel país de “atentar contra
las instituciones democráticas". •
No pretendo hacer una crónica de los circunstancias de
mi detención, del proceso judicici, etc., pues estos detalles
en parte fueron dados a conocer en su oportunidad por SIEM-
PRE!; pero sí quimera relatarle en una forma breve algunas
de las cosas que observé durante esos meses en el campo
de concentración de Pavón, mai llamado "Granjo Penci Pa-!
vón", donde estuve confinado.
Dicha "granja" está situada a más o menos 23 Kms. de
la ciudad de Guatemala en el Departamento de Frajanes Y
consiste en un hoy co artificial rodeado de cercar electrifi
codes ♥ toretes de valami me dei
concentración rozis. So supone que en los paises civilizados'
los sistemas carcelarios disponen de los medios suficientes para proporcionar a los reciu-
sos un mínimo de comodidades o elementos que le permitan su desarrollo o rehabilita-
ción; pero en este sitio sólo imperan el terror y el hambre, así como las condiciones más
infrañumanas y espeluznantes, ya que la insalubridad y la falta de atención en todos los
aspectos es lo que alí impera
La población aproximada de "la Granja" cocila entre 1,300 y 1,500 recs, de los cual
les los "presos políticos" no llegan a 20, ya que los detenidos por delitos de esta natura
leza son generalmente asesinados después de su detención y estar sujetos a tortures.
Por lo tanto, ia casi totalidad de los presos son "delincuentes comunes", pero podría
decirse que en un 40% son inocentes del delito de que se les acusa: cues en Guatemala.
para ser encarcelado no es necesario tener pruebas en contra. Una simple acusación por
Ecíaca o de particulares basta para quedar sujeto a un proceso en el cual es común sat
fir absuelto después de uno o dos años de encarcelamiento.
La administración intema del penal está encomendada a los reclusos, para io qual
so escoge a los delincuentes más depravados y que tienen condenas largas asesinos, aro!.
gudicios, etc.
Para mantener la disciplina se ha formado un cuerpo de represión denominado "ser-
vicio especial" o "garroteros", como vulgarmente se les ilaman. Este grupo, cuya impuni
dad es ilimitada, mantiene a los recluso: terror constante, ya que basta la laita más
mínima para que golpeen con saña brutal infractor, llegándole a causar hasta la muer
te.
El penal no proporciona a los reciusos ningún medio de trabajo, pero si propicia la
formación de mafias internas que explotan a quienes tienen mayores necesidades, hacién
dolos trabajar en fábricas elementales de algunas artesanics: concatos, juguetes rudimen
tarios o pelotas de futbol; productos que envia a la calle para su venta y de los cua
les esas mañas obtienen grandes ganancias que comparten con la dirección del Penal.
Uno de los negocios más productivos, y del cual participan las autoridades en com-
binación con los reclusos influyentes, es la venta de seconales sódicos y manquanc a los
reclusos; drogas con las que una gran mayoría trata de borrar su desesperanzón y angus
tia, pero trayendo por consecuencia reyertas que degeneran muchas veces ea es asesinato.
Como mencioné antes, la "Granja Penal ce Pavón" consiste en un hoyarco artificial
cuyo españo habitable se reduce a un rectángulo de 170 por 70 metros, apronimadamen-
te, el cual incluye 5 cuadras y una explanada al aire libre, irónicamente cada "o
po deportivo". Cada una de las cuadras alberga un promedio de 250 personas que viven
en la más absoluta promiscuidad. Para agravar esta situación funciona diamente-du-
rante 12 horas- un altoparlante, audible en todos los rincones, y que se utiliza para
- acrecentar el amedrentamiento y el terror. Por ese altoparlante se llama a os recluidos,
que son solicitados para presentarse a la autoridad del penal, pero siempre bofciendo hin
capié en la amenaza y en ia intimidación.
Los reincidentes o reos peligrosos, están confinados en el Triánguio", que es un
espacio pequeño, protegido por alambradas, del cual no pueden salır ni siquiera a la ex
planaca. En las cuadras, sólo una parte de les reclusos dispone de literas; (Sa mayoric
duerme en el suelo cubriéndose con trapos ne.es o cartones. La alimentación que el pe-
nal proporciona consiste en dos pequeños panes y café por la mañana a tortilles y un
poco de cuius, o de Injoies al mediodía, y otro poco de Injeles per la tarde, the parte de
las reas se alimenta con los escasos medios que sus familiares its even las dias de vis
ta o en pequeños fondas que algunes han instalado para obtener ingresos. Tampoco exis
niención médica adecuada, solo una boraca con algunos unplementos ndimentaries
porn cualquier enfermedad, se projomisnan qulida meio dos aspitines, o uh
te y gasa, si es una herbis, ya sea buyu a muta
reviste gravedad extreme
Un 1.
Te ha seguire in violent
fpeclušenst
.
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tervise pocus on with
les esas mahas obtienen grandes ganancias que comparton con is surección de Penci
Uno de los negocios más proc vos, y del cual participer les autoridad en com
binación con los recusos influyentes, es la venta de secondles sódicos y mangulia a los
reclusos; drogas con las que una gran mayoria trata de borrar su desesperonés y angus-
tin, pero trayendo por consecuencia reyertas que degeneran muchas veces en el asesinato.
Como mercions antes, la "Granjc Penal de Pavón" consiste en un hoyen.co artificial
cuyo espacio habitable se reduce a un rectángulo de 170 pcr 70 metros, aproximadamen-
te, el cual incluye 5 cuadras y una explanada al aire libre, irsnormente Lamata "o-
po deportivo". Cada una de las cuadra alberga un promedio de 250 personas que viven
en la más absoluta promiscuidad. Para agravar esta situación funciona diariamente -du- !
rante 12 horas un altoparlante, audible en todos los rincones, y que se utiliza para
- acrecentar el amedrentamiento y el terror. Por ese altoparlante se llama a los recluidos,
que son solicitados para presentarse a la autoridad del penal, pero siempre haciendo hin-
capié en la amenaza y en la intimidación.
Los reincidentes o reos peligrosos, están coninados en el "Triángulo", que es un
espacio pequeño, protegido por alambradas, del cual no pueden salir ni siquiera a la ex
pianada. En las cuadras, sólo una parte de los recusos dispone de litera; la mayoric
duerme en el suelo cubriéndose con trapes viejos o cartones. La alimentación que el pe-
nal proporciona consiste en dos pequeños panes y café por la mañana, seis torullas y un
poco de caldo o de frijoles al mediodía, y otro poco de frijoles por la tarde. Una parte de
los reos se alimenta con los escasos medios que sus familiares les llevan los días de visi-
ta o en pequeñas fondas que algunos han instatado para obtener ingresos. Tampoco exis
te atención médica adecuada sólo una barraca con algunos implemenics rudimentaries
donde, para cualquier enfermedad, se proporcionan cuando mucho dos aspirinas, o un
poco de menteolate y gasa, si es una herida, ya sea leve o grave.
Un hecho que reviste gravedad extrema para los reclusos acusados de delitos polí
ticos, es ei de cómo llegar seguros de vuelta a sus hogares el dia que reciben su libertod
de ese infierno. En todas las "cárceles" del país el total de presos políticos no llega a
100. Una gran mayoría de euros
701
i
N
AVERTON .
.
(Viene de la página 6) cuestrados" y
desaparecidos en la carretera por cual-
quier grupo de los innumerables cuer-
pos policíacos represivos que existen
en Guatemala, previo aviso, claro está
de la dirección del Penal, que comu.
Buca con toda anticipación el dia que
un preso politico obtiene su libertad.
En general, la “Grania Penal Pavón”
es posiblemente una de las prisiones
más terrorífica que existen en Lau-
noamérica y seria oportuno que la
Comisión de Derechos humanos de la
ONU organizara una revista de ins.
pección, para escalar así una
de las tantas formas de violencia que
imperan hoy día en tan bello pera
desafortunado país.
Le agradezco muy sinceramente las
informaciones y defensa que la revista
SEMPRE! ha hecho ue mi caso.
Atestamente,
Carlos Juredo.
14-00000
MICROFILMED
DEC 9 1963
DOC. MICRO. SER.
SECRET
Attachment #3
HMMA-35905
Identity Sheet
Identity A:
Identity B: Suites Marne
Carlos ✓ PERSABAL Marcue
CIT:Mexico.
4: Mexico
SECRET
re: connectiON WITH
Subj. of 201-798301
S/c att: HMMA- 35905
201-79830)
14-00000
DISPATCH
E
Chief, WH Division
Info.
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
Att 2
PROCESSING ACTION
WORKED FOR INDEXING
TO INDEXING REQUERED
CALLY QUALIFIED DESK
CAN JUDGE INDEXING
FROOS
SUBJECT
Chief of Station, Guatemala City HGE
Chief of Station, Nexico City:
Ů PBRUMEN/LIRING-3
ACTION REQURED REFERENCES
ity: 5
Action Required: See paragraph 3.
:
MICROFILM
MICROFILMED
DEC 9 1958
DOC. MICRO. SER.
1
1. Forwarded herewith is one copy each for Headquarters
and the Guatemala City Station of the report covering the
debriefing by Wallace B. RONTON of LIRING-3 on his imprisonment
in Guatemala. Identity A of ROWTON's report is a Guatemalan
rebel living in Mexico who, as addressees will remember.
accidentally shot Mimocii 111 the leg a lew days prior to his
departure for Guatemala with LIRING-3. This wound may have
convinced the Guatemalans that he had recently been involved
in terrorist activities and may, in fact, have cost him his
life. Identity B of the same report is the nephew of Identity F,
a Mexican Communist who was arrested on 19 September 1968
during a student demonstration in Mexico City; he is still in
jail.
2. As this dispatch is being written, LIRING-3 has an
appointment to talk at length about his experience in Guatemala
with the LIRING Station Chief, LIRING-10. The general idea
is for LIRING-3 to go to PBRUMEN in the hope that he can be
used to penetrate PBRUMEN-sponsored subversion efforts in Latin
America or become, at least for a time, a reporting source in
PBRUMEN.
3. ROWTON and the undersigned are prepared to travel to
Guatemala to discuss the LIRING-3 case and its Guatemalan/FAR
implications whenever the Guatemala City Station, after
reviewing the available information, feels ready for such
discussion. Please advise.
Attachments:
1. Report (1), h/w
2.
Identity Sheet (1), u/s/c
CS COPY
-
C/WHD (w/atts
Distribution:
Orig & 2
Wwatt:1
s/c attil
CRÓIS REFERENCE TO
1
Kajmand & Frage
Gradge.
for Willard C. CURTIS
1 copy each)
2 - COS, Guatemala City (w/atts - 1 copy each)
DISPATCY STREBOL AND NUMBER
HMMA
DATE
201-798301
27 November 1968
35904
P↑
HPE NUMBER
⚫ CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
201-798301
'
14.00000
-
:
Living &
Subject:
MICROFILMED-
DEC 9 19.682
DOC. MICRO. BER.
Report of Debriefing of LINING/3.
ATTACHMENT I
Anna: 35904
vember, 1966
др
1. Upon his return from TDY, kowtor made discreet efforts to re-establish
contact with LIKI 9/4 as directly as possible. He checked on the lest known
residence of 1/4 on the nights of 24 and 25 October but found the ^ird
floor apartment totally blacked out. He therefore assumed that
3/4 had
abandoned the anent either ecause of feer of the Gobernación cents
that had attempted to exert 500 pesos from her ( as indicated in 177EAT
take for 11 Sept > or as a result of her inability to pay the Cotcher rent,
or both. Boston shecked his telephone angvering service but found no message
from ITRING/4 as he had hoped. Rowton concluded that I/" must bare assumed
that Poton had the country on on extended trin, sined prion to his
departure (15 September) Reston had left a rote on the afternoon of 11 Sep-
tember under the door of the anartment advising 1/4 that he had to leave the
country and hoped to see her the following morning at 1000 at the "cons -
sultorio“. LIRING/ did not show at 1000 the following morning or the next,
probably because of the visit of the police to the apartment.
Identity C
2. Rowson then telephoned
and, on the preted
of interest in the watercolors of LIRING/3, asked srta Carillo who answered
for the address of LIRING/4. Srta Carillo replied that unfortuh===ly she
did not have the present sidress but did have the watercolors and sould show
'them to Rowton. She added that DIRING/3 was in Guatemala and that LIRING/4
passed by Iden C from time to time to check on the sale of the pictures.
When she offered to give 1/4 ang message Powton right have, the letter asked
her to tell I/" to telephone Boston at his telephone answering service(alias\
3. Rowton then felt his only other Source of 1/4's whereshouts that would
not attract undue attention (particularly on the part of the LIPITE office)
would be a check with ITHING/3's first wife, since he recalled that she had
taken care of IJPTHG/3 and /t's child almost every week-end,even -'ter 1/3's
arrest. Rowtor therefore obtained the telephone used by LIRING/3 to contact
his first wife (from the Station file) and decided to call on the morning
of 29 October. In the meantime, however, Rowton learned from the Station
that LIRING/3 had been released and returned to Mexico City on 18 estober.
4. When Rowton called the number of the frist wife (apparently a small store
in the Casas Grandes development), he asked for Carlito, the eldent son of
1/3,(whom Rowton had already net) rather then for the first wife of 1/3 whom
Rowton did not knew. A young girl replied saying that her brother Carlito
was not at home at the moment. Rowton then explained that he was actually
h/wattil
25 COPY
HMMA-35704. :
201-798301
誓
$
14100000
trying to locate
was at that won
2.
IMING/3. The child then exclaimed that: I/3, her father,
moment upstairs in home. Souter echoed her to ask her
father to come to the there a score ossible. After few minutes delay.
1/3 care to the phone and talked directly to Porton.
5. TPG/3 appeared from his tone of voice, to be rather depressed and shoved
no sign of enthusiasm in re-establishing contact with Royton. Rowton ex-
plained that he had been cut of the country and had unfortunately not been
able to see 1/4 before he left. Royton ndied that he had, returned on 19 Oct,
the dar after LIRING/3 bitself bed returned (Reston said this for effect,
since he knew it would impress 1/3 to indicate that he was fully evere of
the exact date of 1/3's return). when he then asked to see
the latter
and
repied -01 course, when:" Owton then page = date to 1200 that same asy
at the kiss restaurant on Reforma. He then telephoned Identity D
reserved ? room for that afternoon so that he would be able to give L/3 the
safebouse at their first meeting..
6. 112136/3 2ppeared on time and looked reasonably well, despite his long
confinement. He explained that be had been able to recuperate during the
nast ten days and felt much better for the corral diet he had been able to
resume. The only physical effect he still felt, besides the weakness from
loss of weight and dysentery, was a recurring pain in the side, which L/3
feared resulted from a fractured rib that had healed without medical treet-
ment. He explained that he had been beaten severely on several occasions
during the initial interroration both by the military and the police and
"of course" did not have the benefit of medical treatment afterwards.
7. Horton then alleged to LIRING/3 that he had done "everything possible?
to arrange his release, principally through a notional GNA colonel whose
brother was a business friend of Rowton. He explained that when he had learne
thet 1/3 had left Mexico City for the trip as planned, he telephoned the
colonel and explained that a Mexican friend, HIRING/3, was planning to visit
This country and might conceivably need help at some point. Rowton continued
that this gesture proved to be literally a life-saver for L/3, since a few.
days later, the colonel called Rowton back and reported the arrest of L/3
in the company of "very dangerous persons." At the colonel's request, Rowtos
met with him several days later at the border and they both planned, the
best course of action to save 1/3. Rowton alleged that the colonel on his
own initiative arranged to have 1/3 tradeferred from the frontier to Guate-
mala City so that he could be released from przy custody to the cikilian
authorities. I/?ently sccented thig stomy at once, remarking that it
strange to him that he is flown with his companions in a twin
14-00000
:
2.
engine plane and that the “inister of Irantion was present at the airport
when they disembarked. I/? told Rowter that be felt detain that had ma
remained in the control of the army he would have been executed without trial
or publicity of ang kina.
8. LIRING/3 added that when he arrived he found 1TRING/4 in a state of virtual
exhaustion from nervous tension and worry. He stated that 1/4 had become
understandably bitter et the attitude of the police and felt abandoned by
everyone, including Rowton, during the leat weare of 1/2's imprisonment.
L/3 added that, as Rowton suspected, Le res not anxious for him to resuco
any kind of political setivity and would try her best to dissuade hi
resuming collaboration with Fowton, if it meant reinvolvement with PR and
the ITRING office. In reply to Rowton's query. 1/2 stated that L/4 had man-
aged financially since Rowton's departure by selling a fex of his maintires.
one of which was purchased by a "porthozomican women" at an excellent price
and then donated to Bellas Artes (after the purchaser learned of L/3's flight
9. Rovten met with 1/3 spain that some evening at in the safercem of
Identity D and was able to debrief him at some length under more recure
conditions. JJHTHG/2 showed no maluctance to provide Porton with all the
details of his trip to Custerale and to answer Fowton's questions frankly.
At Rowton's request 1/3 gave the following chronological account of his
experiences over the past six months:
"Idens A and 2 and myself crossed the border on Faster Saturier (April13)
without incident, Idon A using the false Mexican ĉopuments I had pro-
vided and Iden B and myself traveling with our legal passforts that
had been properly vissed in Mexico City before we left. I had originally
planned to get Iden 4 across the berier illerally forth of Mesilla and
meet him subsequently in Guatemala City, but I was dissuaded from this
plan partly by Iden A's fear of traveling alone without properly visaed
papers and partly by the fact that it was an important holiday and there
was more than usual novement cease the border.
"Incidentally Iden B joined us at the invitation of Iden A when Iter B
expressed an interest in concluding an interview with Nestor Velle of
FAR ( the first interview had occurred sore months previously during
Iden B's last trip to Guatemala). Itan 8 did this on his om initiative
to impress his uncle with his neaper initiative and ability, and
Iden Å felt, that bringing Iden 3 with him would enhance his own pres-
tige in the eyes of the FAR headquarter officials he hoped to meet.
I zyself reclized that Iden B's presence was not altogether unfavorable
for me, since if anything happened I would hot have to bear the respon-
sibility alone but could share it with Iden B.
14-00000
".
"In any event we persed though the “erican
concnstons
without difficulty, alther sh Iden I was told that nå would have to
stop off the Quateriam consul's office (strarely enough on the
Gusteralan side) to ret a tourist visa, nich was described as a "pere
formality". At this point Tñen. A bezen to show sims of ferrousness
and refused to enter the Consul's office alone. I therefore accompanied
to cel-down. le found that the Consul was a colonel in the
SKA, and a very observant person, despite his her polite treatment
of Iden A. Iien A, incidentally had dyed his hair at my suggestion to
reduce the chances of his being spotted by an intence.
ܬ݂ܳܐ
:
"But I forgot to mention that the real reason for Iden A's nervousness
was an unfortunate incident at the irrigration office shortly before.
One of the iiration officers mistaria Tian 2
Jo
པ པ ལ ས མ ཐ 2 །བས
some sort of fraud and insisted on examining him closely and even
checking his height with a tape measure. Portinately Iden: 3 proved to
be several centimeters taller than the person wanted by the police and
we were alowed to pass on. This delay however did attract considerable
attention and produced a state of nervous tension in botn Iden A end.
of course, B.
"Iden ▲ was granted the tourist visa without delay and we proceeded to
the Customs, shout 200 yeards up the road. Iĉen A, who had only a
briefcase, refused to enter the Custers shed, but waited for us in e
nearby cafe to keep as calm es possible. Iten and I had to open our
valises in Customs for the routine check. It was then that I myself
got a nervous shock. My om bag had nothing but clothing in it, but
Iden 3 was carrying a ostera, a Czech raconiing machine,Soviet-mede
hiking boots, and, worst of all, a Nexican angazine between the pages
of which he had concealed (very brucel) several FAR propaganda leaf-
lets (which he told me ister he was connoing to ingress" the FAR
with the work being done on his uncle's press in Mexico City). Altho
the Customs officers seked no questions and allowed den 3 to proceed
I am certain that they spotted the leaflets and noted the rather un-
usual equipment Iden 3 was cerṛring with him.
"
"aben we joined Ider A at the cafe, he asked anxiously, 'No hubo clavo?'.
and when we assured him that there hadn't been an problem('clavo') he
regained his corrosture. is then hailed a small, six-passenger autobus
that was bound for Huehuetenango with three passengers (Guatemalans)
already aboard. about 3 kilometers outside the town (Mesilis) the
driver told us we were ching the military outpost of 'F1 Cable'
and that we would be checked stain. He, to our promise, wamed
med 
us to
14-00000
ང་
hide any pure ve might have been amazing "yečer the gentig" laince
the militery would search the bus.
then to 323 32
2 rethen bich speed tri mesomized the Confut in the driver's seat.
Idon A's regious in in and he bored in hand
hic Guatemalan passport and a few other of his local geppers. I quickly
put them into ng rocket ond bored that I would not tejsearched.
when we paced the contral point we say the Conall by thea wearing.
a side-ara, lemmire accicet bia car, waiting for the grrival of the
bus. As soon so we stopped, he shouted to a by soldier to have
the Colonel Cormandent come out. Then the soldier refused spring that
it was more proper for hir, the forcul, to zoto the office for the Com-
marient, the Consul insisted in a mother stern voice. Finally the sol-
dier dieared and turned in a few minutes with the commenient,
יד
Joune officer of ovesilent anniv.
102-0
with the Consul, the Commandent opfered wc (Ifen 1,3 and myself) out
of the bus. The dritor then returned our fare and was allowed to pro-
ceed on to Huchuetenenco, after marked removed our Lazare, te then
found olmsålves surround t❤ selitters and escorted into the 12 Table'
compound. There we were assigned to different prefabricated huts and
questioned seperately. At en oprentune moment, when the soldier mordi
me (through the window of the hut) went off to get me some water, I
managed to squeeze the ressport of Iden A and his other papers through
e crack in the floor boards where I felt sure that they would not be
discovered.
"The Commandant, who was fairly polite and even gave us coffee, asked
me the purpose of my trip and how well I knew the other two. I replied
that I was simply sightseeing and that I had known in Bip Mexico
City since he was a well-mom esteirático st the University.but that
I had run into hir et fan Cristóbal. «ith resend to Iden A, I slleged
that I did not know him and had simply run into him by chance at the
Immigration Office and had joined him and Iden 3 on the bus to save
money in traveling to Suebuetenango. The Commandant then asked me to
open my valise and he needed to search the contents carefully. Pe
was particularly attracted to a clog bell which Idea or Bihad placed
there without gy knowledge. (I later found out that they haḍ stolen
three bells from the hotel at San Cristóbal in a spoof and had put one
on my valise). I told the Commandant that I fid not know the bell was
in my valise but recognized it as one sold at the tourist stand of the
Fotel in San Cristóbal. I subsequently realized that they thought that
the bells were sore sort of recognition signal and waited to get to
the bottom of the earently perfexing natten.

14-00000
6.
"After about three or four hours an 1127 truck errived drived by
sergeant who appeared to have been disting heevil it was foly
Saturday and a festive ceension in the village). He ordered us tied
hand and foot and literally thrown into the back of the truck. He then
took off at reckless speed without any thought of the pain he was
causing us ( our hands were tied behind cur back and we were forced
to remain lying on the floor of the truck). At one point he stopped
and instructed the soldiers to shoot us if we made any attempt to
escape. Later one of the soldiers brutally ricked Iden A in the side
when he moved suddenly, apparently to ease the strain on his eras.
"je were inally taken from the truck at the village of Buenos Aires,
on the outskirts of Huehuetenango, and escorted into enother military
n inverrogated. i Stuck Steely
blishment where
i
to my original simply story, and, although I am so that they did not
believe me, there was nc incriminating evidence in my luggage or on my
person to serve as a hisis for their suspicions. After several hours,
from a good vantage point just inside the main door, where I had been
deposited (still tied up) by the last daterrorator, I overheari an
officer sending e radio message to the Ministry in Guatemala City re-
porting our arrest and asking for instructions. Fe must have been
told that a helicopter would be coming to pick us mg, becasue I heard
him regly that a heliocopter would not be adequate and that a plane
should be sent, since we were dancerous types"."
:
"The plane, a twin engine military aircraft, finally arrived and we
were hustled into it and forced again to Me on the floor even while
in flight. Then we landed at the Custeria City sirport we were not
removed from the plane for several hours. I recall bearing someone
S27,
+
'Leave them inside. The Minister hasn't arrive ret.' Shortly there-
after, a Northamerican army officer care aboard the plane and care
straight toward me. He rolled me over roughly with his boot and began
interrogating me. He appeared under the impression that I was a ?AP
leader and at first did not believe him when I gave him my true iden-
tity. I remember him very well since he spoke with a distinct morth-
american accent and had a bondage around one of his legs (apparently
he had been wounded in a skirmish).'
трев
"We were finally removed from the aircraft and taken directly to the
2nd Police Corps Headquarters in Guatemala City and assigned to sell
bleek 400, which is reserved for political prisoners (incidentally I
later learned to my macement that they one more that 40 litical
prisoners in Guatemale the others all Hopile hoen skecuted before.
trial.
-
14-00000
7
?!
of the Pavón ricon
*In cell block 400/ where I apart semeral take awaiting origment,
there are six cells with thick wooden bong, thron en dech side,in
tarke of which Tier 1 Iden Bond self wome confined. I discovered
that in one of the other cells was Polania "Cebollito", en fifortant
PLR lendon, and in oration cell vers the poune FIR rompers, the brother
Mimel and
Juán Teón Poppios, the late old me that they vere
members of the 6-2 of PIR. In the vampiring cell were three numbers
of the Mono Blocal, one of if I later formed was raced Inez
Nufio Padilla.
"
"is soon as we became acquainted, 'Cebollito▪ rede en investiration
of the circumstances surrounding our sprest, så he said, on behalf of
FIR. 'Cebollito' who fed alreadr been armaimed had more frésios than
the other and was able to wander
---
noted that the door of his cell was often urlocked). He therefore was
able to talk discrectly with each of us through the bars to inter-
rogete' us to his satisfaction. After several days he reported that he
found Iten A's conduct 'inexcusable' and Iñen completely prupid in
his unrecessarily exposing his companions with the compromising rate-
rial he was carrying. He told me that he felt I had been the victim
of ve
ur fortunate circumstances and my only mistake was to have at-
tempted to cross the frontier with the other two. He added that be in-
tended to sent his report to PAR wie his mother, who was able to visit
him more or less regularly. Several weeks later I say 'Cobollito' be-
ing pushed into a truck and learned from the Lean brothers that
he was taken out and executed before his trial was completed! The
last tire I saw Iden A was about April 25, when he waved to te from
his cell ( I had already been taken out of cellblok 400 and moved
into the large compound).
"Fortunately the Mexican Consul, Serrano, recognized my family name
and told me that he was a friend of my father. He did what he could
to help me get messages out to my vife and to supply me with materials
to write and do some painting. Also of great help and comfort to me
was Mario Armando Amador, the First Secretary, whose life, I learned
later, was threatened befause of the interest he took inime and Iden B.
Armando confided to me on one occasion that he had to be very discreet
in sending messages to Relacions Exteriores in Mexico since the North-
americans decipher and read everything we send. He therefore and to
send everything concerning me by diplomatic pouch despite the delay
involved.
"I managed to get a messure out to the press in a very strange way. I
14-00000
8.
had gotten to know one of the 'Mano Blanca' the oldesto: the tri:
that had beary arrested for the kidnapsing of the Archbishop), Inaz
Mufio Padilla,and felt he was sympathetic toward us. I therefore pre-
pared a brief message on the inside of an empty rackage of cigarettes.
'To whom it may Concern' stating that we had been arrested, and were
being held unjustly, and on the day that the trio are called et to
appear in court, where I knew there would be newsraper reports Present
I slipped the note to Nufio wita a plea that he give it to a ret ruer
as soon as he could. I le er learned that he did so apà thật my sote
appeared verbatim in the local press.
"Several weeks later the mother and wife of Idem 3 visited us eithe
because of what he told ther or on their own initiative spread the
monte MIIMAN
+-+
T hai hoon
+1-
☐☐
a Trotskyite (the wife and mother of den are both members of the
CF Mexico). This proved very disquieting to re but I pes reassured to
sore extent by the León brothers who told me that they would investig
gate' and clear up the matter as soon as they could. (bout two months
leter, theytook me aside in the rrison compound end show me a report
they stated they received from "Fi" sourc's in Mexicgt. In this report
I was described esten enerchist without party affiliations, of good
character and conduct, trustworthy and responsible but difficult to
control”. Iden B, on the other hand was described as an opportunist,
without sincere ideology, in reality a bourgeoise of superficial con-
victions."
"From that moment the Ieón brothers took me into their confidence. They
revealed that FAR had broken completely with the CP Guatemala becasue
of complete dissatisfaction with the party's handling of support mat-
ters. They pointed out to me Francisco Corado in the compound as the
CP representative and commented thext all financial help from the out-
side was being channeled through him despite the fact that he distri-
bute the aid to his friends who were not even party members
and deg-
lected everyone else. The brothers also told me that FAR bad stripped-
César Montes of all his authority and that be vas in exile in Mexico.
They commented that Montes had spent almost all his time outside Gua-
tomola and had not accomplished the missions he was sent on. They also:
stated that financial and material aid from Cuba and swindled to elsmost
nothing because of PIR refusal to accept Cuban terme explained
that the Curers insisted on tending their experts to direct everything
and channeled all their financial aid through the Cuatemala.
* 1er brothers also suggested that if and when I returned to
14-00000
Identity E
Mexico, I should often content with a "cernire P&R representative"
on that I should contin sible to convince the Orvers to
take 2 ons mealistic position vis-a-vis their revolution; I velcored
this suczestion, accusing them that I could and would make a tri- to
Rovena e com os feasible. "I res not certain of my wife's where-
shouts, T asked the brothers to save their representative in Mexico,
whom they described simply as "Towel', contact me through
Identity C
I cuested that "Tovel' could contect the
director,
on her secretory stre Carillo, and
introduce himself a person resenting certain stre Violets who
was interested in purchasing the watercolors. I had already sent to my
wife. 'Tavel' could then ask for my address or leave, a message telling
they agreed and promised to communicate
with me as so after my release as possible.
"The trial of myself and Iden & was nothing more than a formality,since
the juice was well aware that the prosecution had no solid evidence
(fortunately for us Ten & had already been eliminated and could rot
testify even under furess). Since at least three attempts had been
made to execute us Lefore the trial (or the well-known pretext of
removing us from the prison and assassinating us while supposedly aú-
terpting to escape), I desani an escort after the acquittal to ac-
company us to the airport. He arrived in Mexico City on 13 October
and I was met there by my wife."
Ma chane
.
10. After relating the above, LIRING/3 asked Rowton to keep the proposed
contact with 'Pevel' in strictest confidence, particularly from his wife,
since he felt she would be very upset to learn that be, I/3, was planning
to resume political activity on behalf of FAR. In reply to Rowton's query,
1/3 stated that as yet he had not had time to recontact anyone in the IIRING
office but promised to do so as soon as the opportunity presented itself. He
agreed with Rowton that LIRING/4 would be the logical person to arrange a
discreet meeting with LIRING/10. 1/3 told Rowton incidentally that 1/4 had
- protested to LIRING/10 some weeks previously that, Rodolfo Reves was speading
rumors to the effect that the IRING office did not trust LIRING/4. L/10
replied indignantly that if there was anyone they did not trust it was
Rodolfo Reyes, and that L/4 could bring him in and 1/10 old tell him such
to his face.
:
Will Blutz
Wallace B. Rowton
14-00000
MICROFILMED
DEC 9 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
SECRET
Attachment #2
HMMA-35904
Identity Sheet
Identity A:
Identity B:
تري
Francisco LARA (<7)
Carlos X PERSABAL Marcue
Salon de la Plastica Mexicana
Suites Marne
Identity C:
Identity D:
Identity E: /Sra/ Lourdes'
Identity F:
# Re:ConrecTION WITH /
Subj OF 201-73; 301
#CIT: MEXICO &
Gexc
* CHOUMACERO Sex:F
Manuel MARCUE Pardinas, former
editor of Politica magazine
)
OF
SECRET
S/c att: 1
HMMA- 35904
CS COPY
201-7983c1
14-00000
BCA & T
Chief. H Division
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
Chief of Station, Mexico City
PBRUMEN/LIRIST-3
Action Required: See paragraph 3.
1.
Forvarded herewith is one copy each for Headquarters
and the Guatemala City Station of the report covering the
debriefing by Wallace B. ROSTON of LIRING-3 on his is♫risonment
in Quatemala. Identity A of ROSTON's report is a Gatezalan
rebel living in Mexico who, as addressees will remember,
accidentally shot himself in the leg a few as a te
damant, me fan Jaional with LikING-3. This wound may have
convinced the Gmatesalans that he had recently been involved
in terrorist activities and may, in fact, have cost him his
life. Identity B of the same report is the nephew of Identity F,
a Mexican Communist who was arrested on 19 September 1968
during a student demonstration in Mexico City; be is still in
jail.
2. As this dispatch is being written, LIRING-3 has an
appointment to taik at length about his experience in Guatemala
with the LIRING Station talef, LIRING 19. The general idea
is for LIRING-3 to go to PREUMEN in the hope that he can be
used to penetrate PBRUMEN-sponsored subversion efforts in Latin
America or become, at least for a time, a reporting source in
PBEUNEN.
3. ROWTON and the undersigned are prepared to travel to
Guatemala to discuss the LIRING-3 case and its Guatemalas/FAR
implications whenever the Guatemala City Station, after
reviewing the available information, feels ready for such
discussion. Please advise.
Attachments:
1. Report (1), h/w
2. Identity Sheet (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
for Willard C. CURTIS
Orig & 2 - C/VHD (w/atts - 1 copy each)
-
COS, Guatemala City (w/atts
1 copy each}
HUTHA 35904
7 November 1968
SECRET
201-788301|
14-00000
- ROUTING AND/OR ITS SEEN BI
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON UNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
R SECRET
(When Filled in)
TOTAL COPIES
S
GRO-5
ŋ
2
Tie
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COP PROHIBITED
ADVANCE COPY
☐
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX
☐ VES ☐ NO
AT
TO FILL CO
6°
7
B
9
10
3552
DISSEM
ACTION
553
0/146
PER
INFO
RID COPY
{FILE.
X-REF TO FILE NO.
FILE DO ☐ RET TO
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
JETSD, dwH/0065, dc, dF12, d5003
cles/sso
SECRET 238183Z NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8228
MERI
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY INFO MCOBRA
RYBAI PERUMEN LIRING-3
27 Nov 68 IN 43465
REFS
A.
MEXICO CITY 8159 (*)
139 (1-40612)
CLEZ
...
aaaa
DASE -
1.
B. GUATEMALA CITY 9739
LIRING-3 WRITTEN REPORT PER LIRING-9 REQUEST WAS
REVIEWED BY STATION WITH ASSISTANCE LEONARD S. TORMET. REPORT
LIMITED TO ACTUAL EXPERIENCES WHILE INCARCERATED GUATEMALA CITY
1
AND INFORMATION ACTUALLY RECEIVED FROM FAR MEMBERS IN SAME JAIL.
LIRING-3 BRIEFED TO DECLARE HIMSELF READY HELP GUAT REBELS FOR
IDEOLOGICAL REASONS AND AT SAME TIME IMPLY HE IN NEED MATERIAL
HELP AFTER LONG IMPRISONMENT.
WH!!
INDEX
28
MICROFILMED
DEC 19 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER
20 LIRING-9 WAS WAITING AT LIRING GATE 1730 HOURS WHEN
LIRING-3 ARRIVED WITH REPORT. MEETING HELD IN BACK ROOM CONSULATE
AND LIMITED TO LIRING-3 AND LIRING-9. FOLL HIGH POINTS THIS
MEETING:
A.
LIRING-9 DID NOT READ REPORT BUT HAD LIRING-3 GIVE
HIM MAIN POINTS ORALLY. APPEARED MOST INTERESTED IN LIRING-3
STATEMENTS ON HOW GUAT REBELS FEEL TOWARDS PSRUMEN. NODDED WHEN
LIRING-3 STATED WHAT REBELS NEED IS ADEQUATRE FUNDS HOT ADDITIONAL
Living/4
S COPY
B. 201-818842 * NO RECORD IN d/s 28NOV 6803007.
BB. 201-340938 Living/q
SECRET
27
7 No 68 furing /3
201-7983
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPIES
ROUTING ANOVOR INITIALS - SEEN BY
KONUNIT NOTIF.ED
SECRET
GEGURI
'
(When Fried in)
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INFO
RID COPY
FILE. VR
2207
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8228 SECRET
MEN (MEANING UDVISORS).
B. LIRING-3 EXPLAINED HE ANARCHIST, LEFTIST, IDELAIST
AND FELT TRUE REVOLUTION GOING ON GUATEMALA.
THIS WHY HE
INTERESTED IN HELPING GUAT REBELS ANY WAY POSSIBLE. THIS SEEMED
SATISFY LIRING-9.
C. LIRING-9 AGAIN MENTIONED TRIP TO HIS COUNTRY FOR
.
LIRING-3 AND WIFE AND AGREED ARRANGE FOR PASSAGE LIRING-4 ON
PERUMEN SHIP TO CANADA SO LIRING-4 COULD SEE FATHER WHO NEW YORK
RESIDENT AND ILL. LIRING-9 ADAMANT LIRING-4 SHOULD NOT SEEK VISA
TO UNITED STATES AS THIS WOULD EXPOSE HER TO "GRILLING" BY LOCAL
EMBASSY.
D.
LIRING-9 MADE VAGUE PROMISES HELP LIRING-3 IN CURRENT
DIFFICULT SITUATION ALTHOUGH NO FINANCIAL HELP MENTIONED:
E. LIRING-3 WAS REQUESTED TO RETURN TO LIRING 2 DEC
FOR FUTHER TALKS. LIRING-9 WAS SHOWN LETTERS REVENTLY RECEIVED
1
BY LIRING-3 FROM FAR CONTACTS IS GUATEMALA. LIRING-3 DECLINEDO
HOWEVER TO LET HIM KEEP THEN AND LIRING-9 MADE NO ATTEMPT COPY.
I HEM.
3. POUCHING LIRING-3 REPORT. WILL CABLE FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS.
APPRECIATE TORMET VISIT AND ASSISTANCE.
4. FILE 281-798301.
SECRET
SECRET
14-00000
h
ROUTING AND/OR ITIALS - SEEN BY
5
7
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONUNIT NOTIFIED
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
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TOTAL CORES
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$
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REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
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тое
DISSEM
ACTION
INFO
#761 WAS
☐ RID COPY
FILE.
12
7436
FILE RID ☐ RET TO
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY SIG
d/Ri/so, dwil/c0a5, dci, dF12, d/s003
c/es/sGo
SECRET 280132Z NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8223
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY INFO MCOBRA
RYEAT PERUMEN LIRING-3
REFS A. MEXICO CITY 8159
(1*
19 (140612)
B. GUATEMALA CITY 9739 +
27 Nov 68 IN 43465
الناس
-201 WHII files.
LIRING-3 BRITTEN REPORT PER LIRING-9 REQUEST WAS
REVIEWED BY SPATION WITH ASSISTANCE LEONARD S. TORMET. REPORT
LIMITED TO ACTUAL EXPERIENCES WHILE INCARCERATED GUATEMALA CITY
AND INFORMATION ACTUALLY RECEIVED FROM FAR MEMBERS IN SAME JAIL.
LIRING-3 BRIEFED TO DECLARE HIMSELF READY HELP GUAT REBELS FOR
IDEOLOGICAL REASONS AND AT SAME TIME IMPLY HE IN NEED MATERIAL
HELP AFTER LONG IMPRISONMENT.
2. LIRING-9 WAS WAITING AT LIRING GATE 1730 HOURS WHEN
LIRING-3 ARRIVED WITH REPORT. MEETING HELD IN BACK ROOM CONSULATE
AND LIMITED TO LIRING-3 AND LIRING-9. FOLL HIGH POINTS THIS
MEETING:
A. LIRING-9 DID NOT READ REPORT BUT HAD LIRING-3 GIVE
HIM MAIN POINTS ORALLY. APPEARED MOST INTERESTED IN LIRING-3
STATEMENTS ON HOW GUAT REBELS FEEL TOWARDS PBRUMEN. NODDED WHEN
LIRING-3 STATED WHAT REBELS NEED IS ADEQUATRE FUNDS NOT ADDITIONAL
* NO RECORD IN c/s 28NOV 68.
ds
SECRET
Форми
28NOV 68.099
14-0008
નાણા
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOTE ED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPIES
ROUTING ANCHOR INITIALS DEAD
SECRET
GROUP !
'
.
TRAT
SOUND AS G
2
(When Filled lo
DELOCATIO
3
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
•
ADVANCE COPY
☐
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☐ .
.
"
SLCTTED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ NO
s
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
X-REP TO FILE NO
DSSEM BY
ACTION
PER
FILE NO ☐ RET TO
BRANCH
DESTROG
14F0
☐ RID COPY
FILE. V
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8228 SECRET
MEN (MEASING UDVISORS).
Б. LIRING-3 EXPLAINED HE ANARCHIST, LEFTIST, IDELAIST
AND FELT TRUE REVOLUTION GOING ON GUATEMALA. THIS WHY HE
INTERESTED IN HELPING GUAT REBELS ANY WAY POSSIBLE. THIS SEEMED
SATTSEV (TRT IC-9
i
!
C. LIRING-9 AGAIN MENTIONED TRIP TO HIS COUNTRY FOR
LIRING-3 AND WIFE AND AGREED ARRANGE FOR PASSAGE LIRING-4 ON'
PERUMEN SHIP TO CANADA SO LIRING-4 COULD SEE FATHER WHO NEW YORK
RESIDENT AND ILL. LIRING-9 ADAMANT LIRING-4 SHOULD NOT SEEK VISA
TO UNITED STATES AS THIS WOULD EXPOSE HER TO "GRILLING" BY LOCAL
EMBASSY,
D. LIRING-9-MADE VAGUE PROMISES HELP LIRING-3 IN CURRENT
DIFFICULT SITUATION ALTHOUGH NO FINANCIAL HELP MENTIONED.
E. LIRING-3 WAS REQUESTED TO RETURN TO LIRING 2 DEC
FOR FUTHER TALKS. LIRING-9 WAS SHOW" LETTERS REVENTLY RECEIVEL
BY LIRING-3 FROM FAR CONTACTS IS GUATEMALA. LIRING-3 DECLINEDO
HOWEVER TO LET HIM KEEP THEM AND LIRING-9 MADE NO ATTEMPT COPY
I HEM:
3. POUCHING LIRING-3 REPORT. WILL CABLE FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS.
APPRECIATE TORMET VISIT AND ASSISTANCE.
4. FILE 201-798301..
SECRET
SECRET

14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONLIT NOTIFIED
ADVANCE COPY
7 TOT, COMES
COILY
ACCITING ANDOR INITIALS - SEEN BY
CLASSIFIED VESSAGE
SECRET
en Friedb
C
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROMIBITED
☐
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◉
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ย
10
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DISSEM
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33
0/1/16
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F LE RID GET TO
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RID COPY
FILE. VR
BRANCH_
DESTROY ☐ SIG
dalso, din/c065, dc,, d₤12, ds003
des/sGo
SECRET 2381022 NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8225
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY INFO JACOERA
RYEAT PERUMEN LIRING-3
REFS A. MEXICO CITY 8159
(*
27 Nov 68 IN 43465
125 20. LIRING. JUNI. fl.
B. GUATEMALA CITY 5739 (140612)
WH/
:
LIRING WRITTEN REPORT PER LIRING-9 REQUEST WAS
REVIEWED BY STATION WITH ASSISTANCE LECHARD S. TORMET. REPORT
LIMITED TO ACTUAL EXPERIENCES WHILE INCARCERATED GUATEMALA CITY
AND INFORMATION ACTUALLY RECEIVED FROM FAR MEMBERS IN SAME JAIL.
LIRING-3 BRIEFED TO DECLARE HIMSELF READY HELP GUAT REBELS FOR
IDEOLOGICAL REASONS AND AT SAME TIME IMPLY HE IN NEED MATERIAL
HELP AFTER LONG IMPRISONMENT.
1
20 LIRING-9 WAS WAITING AT LIRING GATE 1736 HOURS WHEN
LIRING-3 ARRIVED WITH REPORT. MEETING HELD IN BACK ROOM CONSULATE
AND LIMITED TO LIRINS-3 AND LIRING-9. FOLL HIGH POINTS THIS
MEETING:
A. LIRING-9 DID NOT READ REPORT BUT HAD LIRING-3 GIVE
HIM MAIN POINTS ORALLY. APPEARED MOST INTERESTED IN LIRING-3
STATEMENTS ON HOW GUAT REBELS FEEL TOWARDS PBRUMEN. NODDED WHEN
LIRING-3 STATED WHAT REBELS NEED IS ADEQUATRE FUNDS BOT ADDITIONAL
* NO RECORD IN d/s 28 NOV 6803007.
SECRET
14-000
POUTING AND/OR SUITIALS - SEEN Or
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERJOW UNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPIES
SECRET
CDJUPI
CKLING FAN
SINENS
2
(When Filled in)
3
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIB TED
ADVANCE COPY
☐
.
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEK ☐ YES ☐ NO
"
CLASSIFY TO FILE TO _
X-REF TO FILE NO
FILE RID RET TO
CSSEM BY
PER
AC
RID COPY
FILE. VR.
°
7
+
9
10
BEANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 3228 SECRET
MEN (MEANING UDVISORS).
B. LIRING-3 EXPLAINED HE ANARCHIST, LEFTIST, IDELAIST
AND FELT TRUE REVOLUTION GOING ON GUATEMALA. THIS WHY HE
INTERESTED IN HELPING GUAT REBELS ANY WAY POSSIBLE. THIS SEEMED
SATISFY LIRING-9.
1
C. LIRING-9 AGAIN MENTIONED TRIP TO HIS COUNTRY FOR
LIRING-3 AND WIFE AND AGREED ARRANGE FOR PASSAGE LIRING-4 ON,
PERUMEN SHIP TO CANADA SO LIRING-4 COULD SEE FATHER WHO NEW YORK
RESIDENT AND ILL. LIRING-9 ADAMANT LIRING-4 SHOULD NOT SEEK VISA
TO UNITED STATES AS THIS WOULD EXPOSE HER TO "GRILLING" BY LOCAL
EMBASSY.
:
D. LIRING-9 MADE VAGUE PROMISES HELP LIRING-3 IN CURRENT
1
DIFFICULT SITUATION ALTHOUGH NO FINANCIAL HELP MENTIONED.
E. LIRING-3 WAS REQUESTED TO RETURN TO LIRING 2 DEC
FOR FUTHER TALKS. LIRING-9 WAS SHOWN LETTERS REVENTLY RECEIVED
BY LIRING-3 FROM FAR CONTACTS IS GUATEMALA.
HOWEVER TO LET HIM KEEP THEM AND LIRING-9 MADE NO ATTEMPT COPY
LIRING-3 DECLINEDO
I HEM.
j
3. POUCHING LIRING-3 REPORT. VILL CABLE FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS.
APPRECIATE TORMET VISIT AND ASSISTANCE. -
4. FILE 201-798301.
SECRET
j
SECRET
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PEASCH/UNIT NOTIF ED
CLASSMESSAGE
TOTAL CORES
SECRET
(When Filled in
ADVANCE COPY
-SSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX
DISSEM BY
ACTION
COUCTION OF THIS COPY FRONTED
YES ☐ MO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
2
PER
☐ RID COPY!
IFLE. V.
W48
#6301
ROUTING AND SPITALS
2
X-REF TO FILE NO
FILE AD ☐ RET TO
BRANCH
DESTROV
CCS2.Caps
SECRET 2622 NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8283
GUATEMALA CITY, INFO DIRECTOR
ADMIN
May 6 IN 42426
M
GUATEMAL A འ་་
T: (~ YOURS)
1. TORMET WILL RETURN GUATEMALA PAA 521, 27 NOV.
2.
APPRECIATE HIS VISIT, WHICH VERY HELPFUL.
SECRET
wilfule:
LIKING - 3 201
291-748301
üle
SECRET
De
14-0000
ACE SECRETAR ASEMINATION
PSORVUNIT
F.E
osod.
DVANCE COPY
ISSUED
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SECRET
(When Filed inj
TOTAL COPIES 18 ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEER E.
GROUP:
HLAD
SCHEME
2
<*>
3
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'
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21
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2240
INFO
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X-WS TO FILE NO
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FILE. V
3
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PRECEDENCE
BRANCH ☐
DEST ☐ SIG
crite cs/03, clwal1065 c/CCS2 0/0525
Guat
SECRET 232206Z NOV 62 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9739
IMMEDIATE MEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR
RYBAT PERUMEN
REFS: A. MEXICO CITY 8159 (IN
WH/3/6
2368 IN 40612
B. DIRECTOR 53469
'
1. LEONARD S. TORMET (IDEN) GUATEMALA CITY CASE OFFICER TO TRAVEL
MEXICO CITY FOR REF DISCUSSIONS. TORMET ATTEMPTING BOOK PASSAGE
PAN AM FLT 502, 24 NOV. WILL ADVISE FIRM ETA BY CABLE, 24 KOV. REQUEST
MEET AND ACCOMODATE.
2. FILE: 201-798301
SECRET.
SECRET
1300168
Jov=798301
ing-3
14-00000
・
CABLE SECRETAR
MEASCOUNT YO FED
8500
SOVANCE COPY
CIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPES
SECRET
T. T
(When Filled In)
M
2 i
GA" OR
3
REPPCOUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
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21
➤SSEM BY
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[471/ CL 6
FILE. Y
SPANCH
DESTROY ☐ S.G.
c/Ri/so, cs/Do, c/WH/COG 5, clccs 2, closes
SECRET 232215Z NOV 68 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9748
IMMEDIATE MEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR
RYBAT PBRUMEN
REF: GUATEMALA CITY 3733 (IN 40012
IDEN: BARRY O. ROYDEN.
SECRET
23ES IN 40611
WHl file.
LIRING-
201
2/01-798301
SECRET
WW
Dilgili te
Kerk We
Жива
14-00000
1
* W. J. KAUFMAN
i, C/E/1
.. 9354
23 November 1963
SE SECRETARIAT PISSEMINATION
M
بج
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c/WAG
ALESSAGE FORM
28
ICAL CORE:
SECRET
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SO TACKEX
RETURN TO
PAITECT
LECS FILE NO.
INFO:
RCD COPY
FILE
VP.
CSDO
(desfication,
SECRET
IMMEDIATE
' MEXICO CITY GUATEMALA CITY
BYZAT/PERUMEX
de
con
OUTING ANC/01 INITIALS - SEEX BY
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☐ FILE RID
201-
201-798301; x-ref 340938
C/R1/SD, C/WH/C65 9/11,
1/5073
(011)
(reference number)
(pica)
53469 -
CITE DIRECTOR
72
G
ROUTINE:
JÚC CERA
RITS: ▲. GUATEMALA CITY 9736 (IN 40291) #
B. MEXICO CITY 8159 (IN 40273) **
C. DIRECTOR 47408 ***. (NOT SENT JMCOBRA)
1. AGREE POINTS REP & PARA 1 A THRU E EUT BELIEVE TIME NOW PROPITIOUS
FOR DIRECT GUAT CITY STATION REP DISCUSSION WITH MEXICO CITY STATION ON GUAT
REPORTED CUsed
}
INSURGENCY SITUATION AND MEZARE INVOLVEMENT. FOR THAT REASON,
UNLESS IMPORTANT NEEDS TO CONTRARY, RECOMMEND KNOWLEDGEABLE GUAT CITY STATION
CASE OFFICER PROCEED MOCICO AS REQUESTED RI? B.
2. BELIEVE AS STATED REF Û THAT LIRING-3 SHOULD BE FACTUAL AS POSSIBLE
IN PREPARING REPORT CH CONTACTS AND EXPERIENCES WHILE IMPRISONED GUATEMALA, AND
Car
IN GIVING OPINION ON HOW HAVE FAILED THERE. TO MAKE HIM APPEAR TOO
KNOW.ZDGEABLE ON FAR/PGT COULD AROUSE SUSPICIONS LIRING 9 AND COLLEAGUES.
3. IT SEEMS POSSIBLE LIRING-9 MAY HAVE BEEN RELATING DIRECTLY TO ACTIVITIES
OF HECTOR SANCHEZ GONZALEZ PER MEXICO CITY 7744 (IN 18686) IF LIREBEL 2' REPORT
TEDED BASED ON FACT.
HELGASING OFFICES
CONTINUED
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
claw!, wh
02/12/19
FOU
Excludes automatic
downgrading and
Eradication
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
"AUTHENTICATING
OFFICER
COPY NO.
14-00000
1
SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PER
DED;
BEILAGE FORM
TOTAL COPIES:
SECRET
2
$
BOUTING AND/OR ENTIALS - SEEK BY
1.6
7
•
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$
10
ENDEZ
DESTROY
☐ Brividi
PRANCH
☐ PLE HD
NOTEX
☐ FEET FILE NO.
DK7-0:
RID COPY
FRE
SECRET
[PAGE TWO
MEXICO CITY GUATEMALA CITI
face and me siled)
CITE DIRECTOR
(strie)
(reference number)
(pica)
53465
VVAL
Cu8915
DOCKS AND EEGATE
4. OBJECTIVE, OF COURSE, IS TO Han us
AKY CUBAN EFFORT THERE. AT SAME TIME DESIRE ENTICE INWES TO EXPOSE HAND
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE WITHIN PEASIBLE KNOWLEDGEABILITY LIRING-3. ACCORDINGLY
BELIEVE DHAILED DISCUSSION IN MEXICO WITH GUAT STATION C/O AT THIS TIME
WOULD ER PROFITABLE AND WELL WORTH VISIT.
Fiqs Comments :
References attached
"
◉H
BRISSAGE
WH/COG: Paul Oberst (telecon)
Jack Huray (draft)
WE/28 1/565)
Janin
Chief, WED
RELEASING OFFICES
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
J. Kaufman
срар
xcluded from offic
downgrading and
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE PROHIBITED.
AUTHENTICATING
OFFIXES
COPY NO..
3
14-00000
3
4
CUTING AND/OR INITIALS
Sz.N BY
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•
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:
☐ FILE RDD
201-
201-798301; x-ref 340938
* W. J. KAUFMAN
A C/WH/1
1. 9354
23 November 1968
S SECRITABAT DISSEMINATION
б
B.
C/WHG
MESSAGE FORM
TOTAL COPIEL
SECRET
INDEX
☐ DESTROY
RETURN TO_
NO INDEX
☑FILES CS FILE NO.
PATO:
RID COPT
FRE
ESDO
(dosadimon
SECRET
IMMEDIATE
• MEXICO CITY
RYBAT/PERUMES
GUATEMALA CITY
72 1978
ROUTINE:
JPCORRA
VR
6/81/50, 2/WH/1065 c/c1,
1/12 1/500/3
1
:
HAFDI A.. vaismala visi; -
B. MEXICO CITY 8159 (IN 40273) **
C. DIRECTOR 47408 *** (NOT SENT JACOBRA)
CITE DEMECTOR
23 Nov: 68
feirtaj
(reference number)
(nic
534697
1. AURKE POINTS RKF A PARA 1 A THRU E BUT BELIEVE TIME HOW PROPITIOUS
FOR DIRECT GEAT CITY STATION HIP DISCUSSION WITH MEXICO CITY STATION ON GUAT
REPORTED CLE
INSURGENCY SITUATION AND
FOR THAT REASON,
UNLESS IMPORTANT HEEDS TO CONTRARY, RECOMEND KNOWLEDGEABLE GUAT CITY STATION
CASE OFFICER PROCEED MEXICO AS REQUESTED REF B.
HP
2. EELIEVE AS STATED REP C THAT LIRING-3 SHOULD BE FACTUAL AS POSSIBLE
IN PREPARING REPORT ON CONTACTS AND EXPERIENCES WHILE IMPRISONED GUATEMALA, AND
IN GIVING OPINION ON HOMES HAVE FAILED THERE. TO MAKE HIM APPEAR TOO
KNOWLEDGEABLE ON FAR/PGT COULD AROUSE SUSPICIONS LURING 9 AND COLLEAGUES.
3. IT SEES POSSIBLE LIRIEG 9 MAY HAVE BEEN RELATING DIRECTLY TO ACTIVITIES
CHECTOR SANCHEZ GONZALEZ PER MEXICO CITY 7744 (IN 18686) IP LIRGEEL 2 REPORT
INDEED BASED CH FACT.
'B.201-340938
LEASH OFFICES
MICROFILMED
DEC 20 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
CONTINUED
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
Luring
23Nov68
3
201-798301
टम्ज
x utamatic
ting and
$ts suitcaTION
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICER
COPY NO.
14-00000
$
E SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PER
(classication)
SECRET
[PAGE TWO
MESSAGE FORM
SCTAL COPIES:
SECRET
INDEX
KO DIDEX
DUO:
RID COPY
FAX
GHATEMALA CITY
DESTROY
idate and time filed)
BOSTING AND/OR INITIALS! SEEN BY
.
7
.
•
19
RETURN TO
SRANCH
FILE IN CS FILE NO.
CITE DIRECTOR
(o'ite)
(reference number)
53469
4. OBJECTIVE, OF COURSE, IS TO BREAK UP GUAT INSURGENCY FORCES AND REGATE
Cuzsis
AKY CUBAN EFFORT THIFE. AT SAME TIME DESIRE ENTICE PERVERS TO KIPOSE HAND
AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE WITHIN FEASIBLE KNOWLEDGRABILITY LIRING-3. ACCORDINGLY
BELIEVE DETAILED DISCUSSION IN MEXICO WITH GUAT STATION C/O AT THIS TIE
WOULD BE PROFITABLE AND WELL WUITE VISIT.
Has Comments:
•
References attached
H
Jahon
Chief, WHD
BELEASIO OFFICES
BED OF MESSAGE
WH/COG: Paul Oberst (talecos)
Clearech
MI/2
Jack Murray (draft)
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE
J. Kaufman
cras
CROOF T
Excused from arctic
downgrading and
PROHIBITED.
AUTENTING
OFFIC'S
'xn]
14-00009
ABLE SECRETARIAT DISSECTATION
SONVUNIT
OTHED
6570
VANCE COPY
ISSUED
AT
2240
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
K. He (STATIC
SECRET
[When Filled Inj
TOTAL COPES 18 ROT
172103
BOUTING AND/ORI
1
2
_
31
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
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SLOTTED
INDEX 0 YES ☐ NO
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422 dune
21
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INITIS SEEN BY
6
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DESTROY ☐ SIG
c/2i/50, C5/00, c/WA/10.5 clocsa c/cses
SECRET 232206Z NOV 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9739
IMMEDIATE MEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR
RYBAT PERUMEN
REFS: A. MEXICO CITY 8159 (IN
B. DIRECTON 53469
2369 IN 40612
1. LEONARD S. TORKET (IDEND GUATEMALA CITY CASE OFFICER TO TRAVEL
MEXICO CITY FOR REF DISCUSSIONS. TORMET ATTEMPTING BOOK PASSAGE
PAN AM FLI 502, 24 NOV. WILL ADVISE FIRM ETA BY CABLE 24 NOV. REQUEST
MEET AND ACCOMODATE.
2. FILE: 201-798301
SECRET
firing 3
SECRET
clarli wyk
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AND/OR INITIALS SEEN BY
1
2
3
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4
$
10
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PRECEDENCE
DESTROY ☐ SIG
C/B/SD C/WH COG5, DDP, ADDP,
aslos c/c clailes, c/512,0/5003, aksisso
SECRET 230381Z NOV 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9736
IMMEDIATE NEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR, ROUTINE JMCOBRA
RYBAT/PERUMEN/L IR IN G–3
REF: MEXICO CITY 8159(w✯
27029!
Ө
[
1. BECAUSE LIRING-3 COULD NOT LOGICALLY HAVE GAINED DETAILED
INSIGHT INTO INSURGENCY MOVEMENT IN GUATEMALA DURING ENCARCERATION,
DO NOT BELIEVE IT NECESSARY FOR GUATEMALA CITY STATION OFFICER
* PROVIDE EXTENSIVE AND DETAILED BRIEFING FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3
REPORT. SUGGEST FOLLOWING GENERAL GUIDELINES, SUBJECT TO HQS;
APPROVAL, WHICH OSTENSIBILY TO BE IMPRESSIONS OF LIRING-3 BASED
ON CONVERSATIONS WITH FAR LEADERS WHILE IN JAIL.
A. EMPHASIZE FRAGMENTATION, DISORGANIZATION AND COMPETITION
OF INSURGENT FORCES HAVE SERIOUSLY DISRUPTED INSURGENT MOVEMENT,
WHICH NOW STAGNANT.
'
B. LEADERSHIP IS OBVIOUSLY IMMATURE AND INCAPABLE OF
ORGAN IZ ING AN EFFECTIVE MOVEMENT.
C. ACCORDING ROLANDO "CEBOLLITA" FAR FUNDS MISUSED BY
* LEADERS IN "NON-REVOLUTIONARY WAYS.'
D. RECENT FAR TERRORISM, WHICH FOR MOST PART ILL-CONVEIVED
AND NOT PART OF OVERALL STRATEGY, HAS WEAKENED MOVEMENT THROUGH
*NO RECORD IN c/s 23 NOV 68 04007.
SECRET
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/LNIŤ NOTIFIED
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TOTAL CORE
SECRET
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D
2
(When filled in)
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•
7
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REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
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☐
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10
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INFO
FILE. VR
☐
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'
PAGE 2 GUATEMALA CITY 9736
LOSSES FROM GOG RETALIATION. GOS ABLE TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IMPULSIVE
ACTIONS BY FAR MEMBERS WHO FAILED MAKE ADEQUATE PREPARATIONS:
BEFOREHAND.
E. ESSENTIAL THAT NEW LEADERSHIP CADRE BE FOUND TO REPLACE
PRESENT COMMAND IF REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT TO SUCCEED.
2. FYI: OBJECTIVE OF ABOVE IS TO PAINT AS DISMAL A PICTURE
AS POSSIBLE FOR CUBANS, AND TO SUGGEST THAT LATTER: IMPOSE CONDITIONS
WHICH WILL BE UNACCEPTABLE TO PRESENT INSURGENT LEADERSHIP. FEEL
THAT ANY ATTEMPT BY CUBANS TO REPLACE CURRENT LEADERSHIP WOULD
FURTHER FRACTIONALIZE AND DEMORALIZE INSURGENTS.
3. NO INDEX. FILE: 201-798301,
SECREI
SECRET
101.10
14-0000
OLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
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о
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
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☐ RID COPY
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6
7
8
4
°
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BRANCH ◎
PRECEDENCE
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
CB/SD, C/WH/C065, DDP, ADDP,
05/00, c/c clciles, C/F12, c/5003, clcsisso
SECRET 238381Z NOV 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9736
IMMEDIATE MEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR, ROUTINE JMCOBRA
RYBAT/PERUMEN/LIRING-3
REFA HERICO CITY
221 6840291
A
1. BECAUSE LIRING-3 COULD NOT LOGICALLY HAVE GAINED DETAILED
INSIGHT INTO INSURGENCY MOVEMENT IN GUATEMALA DURING ESCARCERATION,
DO NOT BELIEVE IT NECESSARY FOR GUATEMALA CITY STATION OFFICER
PROVIDE EXTENSIVE AND DETAILED BRIEFING FOR PREPARATIO% LIRING-3
REPORT. SUGGEST FOLLOWING GENERAL GUIDELINES, SUBJECT TO HQS!
APPROVAL, WHICH OSTENSIBILY TO BE IMPRESSIONS OF LIRING 3 BASED
ON CONVERSATIONS WITH FAR LEADERS WHILE IN JAIL.
A. EMPHASIZE FRAGMENTATION, DISORGANIZATION AND COMPETITION
OF INSURGENT FORCES HAVE SERIOUSLY DISRUPTED INSURGENT MOVEMENT,
WHICH NOW STAGIANT.
B. LEADERSHIP IS OBVIOUSLY IMMATURE AND INCAPABLE OF
ORGANIZING AN EFFECTIVE MOVEMENT.
C. ACCORDING ROLANDO "CEBOLLITA" FAR FUNDS MISUSED BY
LEADERS IN "NON-REVOLUTIONARY WAYS.
D. RECENT FAR TERRORISM, WHICH FOR MOST PART ILL-CONXEIVED
AND NOT PART OF OVERALL STRATEGY, HAS WEAKENED MOVEMENT THROUGH
*NO RECORD IN c/s 23 NOV 68 0400Z.
SECRET
ClWHIL
.DE/WH/19
Kuche L
t
:
14-00000
TABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONUT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
SECRET
TOTAL COMES
CROU
EXCLAND PROP
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(When Filed in)
POUTING AND/OR INITIALS-SEEN BY
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PRICED
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DISSEM BY
CTION
PER
☐ RID COPY
FLVZ
PAGE 2 GUATEMALA CITY 9736
LOSSES FROM GCG RETALIATION. GOG ABLE TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IMPULSIVE
ACTIONS BY FAR KEMBERS WHO FAILED MAKE ADEQUATE PREPARATIONS
BEFOREHAND.
"
E. ESSENTIAL THAT NEW LEADERSHIP CADRE BE FOUND TO REPLACE
PRESENT COMMAND IF REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT TO SUCCEED.
I
2. FYI: OBJECTIVE OF ABOVE IS TO PAINT AS DISMAL A PICTURE
AS POSSIBLE FOR CUBANS, AND TO SUGGEST THAT LATTER IMPOSE CONDITIONS
WHICH WILL BE UNACCEPTABLE TO PRESENT INSURGENT LEADERSHIP. FEEL
THAT ANY ATTEMPT BY CUBANS TO REPLACE CURRENT LEADERSHIP WOULD
FURTHER FRACTIONALIZE AND DEMORALIZE INSURGENTS.
3. NO INDEX. FILE: 201-798301.
SECRET
SECRET
101.10
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PLASCAUNIT NOTIFICO
esdo
☑
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
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ROSTING AND/OR INITIALS SEEN BY
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TOTAL COPES
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REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
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SLOTTED
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5
6140
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☐ RID COPY
28.
9/WAL
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PILE RD ☐ RET. TO
wo
9!
$101
7
PRECEDENCE
DESTROY ☐ SIG
NRC/21/SD CS/20, C/WH/COGS,
FLE. VR
0/01, C/F12
SECRET 253032Z NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 8159
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOERA
RYBAI PBRUME” LIRING-3
REF: MEXICO CITY 79002532]]
22 6840273
1. DURING LONG DISCUSSION LIRING-9 HAD AT LIRING WITH
LIRING 3 ON 21 NOV LIRING-9 ASKED LIRING-3 PREPARE DETAILED
WRITTEN REFCRI DUE 1738 HOURS 26 NOV ON HIS EXPERIENCES GUATEMALA
AND HIS CONTACTS WITH FAR PERSONALITIES WHILE INCARCERATED.
WHEN LIRING-3 MENTIONED LACK ADEQUATE PBRUMEN SUPPORT LIRING-9
EXCITEDLY AGREED STATING HIS CAPITAL DID NOT UNDERSTAND FAR AND
!
1
HAD DONE MANY THINGS W. HE ADDER LIRING-3 SHOULD POINT OUT
ON PAPER HOY PBRUMEN HAD FAILED IN GUATEMALA AND GIVE HIS
OPINION OF WHAT NEEDED. LIRING-9 ALSO VERY INTERESTED IN WHAT
LIRING-3 KNOWS OF SQUABBLE BETWEEN GUAT LEFTISTS. AMONG MANY
;
OTHER QUESTIONS LIRING-9 VANTED TO KNOW WHETHER JEANETTE FIRK HAD
FAR MISSION BEFORE HER BEATH.
D
2. LIRING-9 STATED CHIEF LIRING "DOES NOT HAVE VERY MUCH
TO DO WITH THESE THINGS" (CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALA)
AND "HIS OPINION DOES NOT MATTER." SAID WOULD ARRANGE FOR
SECRET
↑
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONST NOTIFIED
-.
ADVANCE COPY
☐
SSUED
☐
SLOTTED
INOTE ☐ VIS
NO
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPES
POLTING ARCVOR INITIALS - SEEN P
SECRET
1331
'
6
2
7
(Wisen Filled in
SITIO
8
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROM BITED
.
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10
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X-REF TO FILE NO
DISSEM BY
ACTION
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O
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SIG.
RID COPY!
{FILE VR
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8159 S E CREI
MEETING AT 1738 ON 25 NOV WITH "SOME MY COLLEAGUES" SO CAN
DISCUSS LIRING-3 REPORT AND SUGGESTIONS AT LENGTH " IN BETTER
PLACE FOR PRIVATE TALK.” WHEN LIRING-3 EXPRESSED HOPE HE MIGHT
AMPLIFY HIS SPORT IM
TRUE OPPITAL, LIRING-9
gea
SUGGESTED HE MIGHT BE INVITED FOR CULTURAL EXPOSITION TO MAKE
TRIP APPEAR INNOCUOUS AND OFFERED IG MAKE ALL NECESSARY ARRANGE-
MENTS.
3. REQUEST GUAT CITY STATION OFFICER FAMILIAR WITH FAR/
FGI OP PROCEED MEXICO CITY MORNING 23 NCV TO DISCUSS ABOVE AND
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3 REPORT TO LIRING. IN
ADDITION TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LIRINC-3 COULD ATTRIBUTE INFO
WHICH WOFIRM MIGHT WANT REACH PERUMENERS TO NOW DEAD JOSE IGNACIO
ROLANDO CLOPEZ RUIZ WITH WHOM MAD CONTACT IN JAIL. PLS ADVISE
ETA BY IMMEDIATE. WILL MEET AT AIRPORT BUT IF ANYTHING GOES
WRONG OFFICER SHOULD PHONE IDEN.
4. FILE 201-798331.
SECRET
JOSE
SECRET
$
14-0000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMPUATION
PERSONUNUT. NOTIFIED
espo
☑.
ADVANCE COPY ISSUED ☐
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359
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(When Filed inf
COLES 18.
TOTAL COPIES
13049
ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
SONGS M
2
REQUEST ESTIO
3
•
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ NO
6140
Z
C/wrta
RID COPY
INFO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO.
X-EF TO FILE NO
FILE RID ☐ RET TO
iFILE Ve
6
7
8
9
10
PRECEDENCE
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY
DESTROY 
☐ SIG.:
C/P1/52 C5/20 C/WH/COGS,
C/CIC/F12'
SECRET 232832Z NOV 68 CITE NEXICO CITY 8159
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOBRA
RYBAT PBRUMEN LIRING-3
REF: MEXICO CITY 7900 En 25321]
22 H 68 IN 40273
}
1. DURING LONG DISCUSSION LIRING-9 HAD AT LIRING WITH
LIRING-3 ON 21 NOV LIRING-9 ASKED LIRING-3 PREPARE DETAILED
WRITTEN REPORT DUE 1730 HOURS 26 NOV O HIS EXPERIENCES GUATEMALA
AND HIS CONTACTS WITH FAR PERSONALITIES WHILE INCARCERATED.
WHEN LIRING-3 MENTIONED LACK ADEQUATE PBRUMEN SUPPORT LIRING-9
EXCITEDLY AGREED STATING HIS CAPITAL DID NOT UNDERSTAND FAR AND
wraig
HAD DONE MANY THINGS WORD. HE ADDER LIRING-3 SHOULD POINT OUT
ON PAPER HOW PERUMEN HAD FAILED IN GUATEMALA AND GIVE HIS
OPINION OF WHAT NEEDED. LIRING-9 ALSO VERY INTERESTED IN WHAT
LIRING-3 KNOWS OF SQUABBLE BETWEEN GUAT LEFTISTS. AMONG MANT
OTHER QUESTIONS LIRING-9 WANTED TO KNOW WHETHER JEANETTE FIRK HAD
FAR MISSION BEFORE HER DEATH.
D
2. LIRING-9 STATED CHIEF LIRING "DOES NOT HAVE VERY MUCH
TO DO WITH THESE THINGS" (CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALÍA)
AND "HIS OPINION DOES NOT MATTER." SAID WOULD ARRANGE FOR
SECRET
14-00009
:
ADVANCE COPY
IS SLED
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐ YE ☐ Yo
CLASSITY TO FILE NO.
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONVUNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPES
POUTING AND/OR INITIALS SEEN BY
SECRET
1
16
SONGS
2
17
{ten Filled in!
21
8
REPRODUCCM OF THIS COPY PROM BITCO
19
·
10
1
X-REF TO FLE NO.
DISSEM BY.
ACTION
PER
FILE RID
RET. TO
CRANCH
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
INFO
RID CCPY
FALE. VR
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8159 SECRET
MEETING AT 1730 ON 25 HOV WITH "SOME MY COLLEAGUES" SO CAN
DISCUSS LIRING-3 REPORT AND SUGGESTIONS AT LENGTH IN BETTER
PLACE FOR PRIVATE TALK." WHEN LIRING-3 EXPRESSED HOPE HE MIGHT
AMPLIFY HIS REPORT IN PERSON IN POROURED CAPITAL, Linimum:
SUGGESTED HE MIGHT BE INVITED FOR CULTURAL EXPOSITION TO MAKE
TRIP APPEAR INNOCUOUS AND OFFERED TO MAKE ALL NECESSARY ARRANGE-
MENTS.
3. REQUEST GUAT CITY STATION OFFICER FAMILIAR WITH FAR/
PGI OP PROCEED MEXICO CITY MORNING 23 HCV TO DISCUSS ABOVE AND
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3 REPORT TO LIRING. IN
ADDITION TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LIRIKC-3 COULD ATTRIBUTE INFO
WHICH WOFIRM MIGHT WANT REACH PERUMENERS TO NOW DEAD JOSE IGNACIO
ROLANDO (LOPEZ) RUIZ WITH WHOM HAD CONTACT IN JAIL. PLS ADVISE
ETA BY IMMEDIATE. WILL MEET AT AIRPORT BUT IF ANYTHING GOES
WRONG OFFICER SHOULD PHONE IDEN.
4. FILE 201-798371.
SECRET
SECRET
14-00000.
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOTIFIED
ADVANCE COPY
esdo
☑.
ISSUED
SLOTTED
"LASSIFIED DRESSAGE
SECRET
Ihan Filled in
TOTAL COPIES
GROUP 1
SXCLUDED FRO
18
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AND
SECTI
12 1
3,
REPWODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
0 YES ☐ NO
51
01
DISSEM BY
ACTION
359
AT
28
PER
6140
c/W176
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
X-EF TO FILE NO.
FLE RO RET TO
BRANCH
FO
☐ [RIC COPY
PRECEDENCE
DESTACY
-C/P1/SD C5/200/WH/COGS,
'0/01 C/F12
SE CREI 238232Z NOV 63 CITE MEXICO CITY 8159
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOBRA
RYBAT FERUMEN LIRING-3
REFS MEXICO CITY 7988 (n 2532]]
WH/1
ZP
22 40273
1. DURING LONG DISCUSSION LIRING-9 HAD AT LIRING WITH
LIRING-3 ON 21 NOV LIRING-9 ASKED LIRING-3 PREPARE DETAILED
WRITTEN REPORT DUE 1730 HOURS 26 NOV ON HIS EXPERIENCES GUATEMALA
AND HIS CONTACTS WITH FAR PERSONALITIES WHILE INCARCERATED.
WHEN LIRING-3 MENTIONED LACK ADEQUATE PBRUMEN SUPPORT LIRING-9
EXCITEDLY AGREED STATING HIS CAPITAL DID NOT UNDERSTAND FAR AND
HAD DONE MANY THINGS
HE ADDER LIRING-3 SHOULD POINT OUT
ON PAPER HOW PERUMEN HAD FAILED IN GUATEMALA AND GIVE HIS
OPINION OF WHAT NEEDED. LIRING-9 ALSO VERY INTERESTED IN WHAI
LIRING-3 KNOWS OF SQUABBLE BETWEEN GUAT LEFTISTS. AMONG MANY
OTHER QUESTIONS LIRING-9 WANTED TO KNOW WHETHER JEANETTE FIRK HAD
FAR MISSION BEFORE HER ZEATH.
D
2. LIRING-9 STATED CHIEF LIRING "DOES NOT HAVE VERY MUCH
IO DO WITH THESE THINGS" (CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALA:
AND "HIS OPINION DOES NOI MAITER." SAID WOULD ARRANGE FOR
Living - 9
8201-340938
CS CCPY
SECRET.
MICROFILMED
DEC 131968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
Pering
201-79830
798301
E
14.20000
E
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONIT NOTIFIED
TOTAL CCP. ES
200441
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
SECRET
When Filled Inj
POUTING AND/OR INTUS SEEN BY
1
CONNO
BEJDES CAT
2
3
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY FROM BITED
ADVICE COPY
SSLED
SLOTTED
INDEX
: -
DSSON B
ACTIONS
C
VES
☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
=
5
X-REF TO FILE NO.
FILE RID RET TO
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DESTROY SE
RID COPY
FLE VR
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 3159 S E CREI
I
MEETING AT 1730 ON 25 O WITH SOME MY COLLEAGUES" SO CAN
DISCUSS LIRING-3 REPORT AND SUGGESTIONS AT LENGTH IN BETTER
PLACE FOR PRIVATE IAL.” WHEN LIRING-3 EXPRESSED HOPE HE MIGHT
AMPLIFY HIS REPORT IN PERSON IN PBRUMEN CAPITAL, LIRING-9
SUGGESTED HE MIGHT BE IMITED FOR CULTURAL EXPOSITION TO MAKE
IRIP APPEAR INNOCIOUS AND OFFERED TO MAKE ALL NECESSARY ARRANGE-
MENTS.
3. REQUEST QUAT CITY STATION OFFICER FAMILIAR WITH FAR/
$
PGI OP PROCEED MEXICO CITY MORNING 23 NCW TO DISCUSS ABOVE AND
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3 REPORT TO LIRING. 15
ADDITION TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LIRING-3 COULD ATTRIBUTE INFO
WHICH WOFIRM MIGHT VAST REACH PERUMENERS TO NOW DEAD JOSE IGNACIO
POLANDG (LOPEZ) RUIZ VITH WHOM HAD CONTACT IN JAIL. PLS ADVISE
ETA BY IMMEDIATE, WILL NEET AT AIRPORT BUT IF ANYTHING GOES
WRONG CFFICER SHOULD PHONE IDEN.
4. FILE 271-798381.
SECRET
SECRET
BID

14-00000
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PRECEDENCE
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DESTROY ☐ SAG.
Inc/P1/SP C5/20, C/WH/COGS,
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SE CRE T 233332Z NOV 63 CITE MEXICO CITY 8159
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOBRA
RYBAT PERUMEN LIRING-3
REF: MEXICO CITY 7982 En
En 
2532]]
i
22 Hoy 68 IN 40273
1. DURING LONG DISCUSSION LIRING-9 HAD AT LIPING WITH
LIRING-3 ON 21 OV LIRIEG-9 ASKED LIRING-3 PREPARE DETAILED
WRITTEN REFCRI DUE 1738 HOURS 25 NOV ON HIS EXPERIENCES GUATEMALA
AND HIS CONTACTS WITH FAR PERSONALITIES WHILE INCARCERATED.
WHEN LIRING-3 MENTIONED LACK ADEQUATE PBRUMEN SUPPORT LIRING-9
EXCITEDLY AGREED STATING HIS CAPITAL DID NOT UNDERSTAND FAR AND
HAD DONE MANY THINGS OPER. HE ADDER LIRING-3 SHOULD POINT OUT
ON PAPER HOW PERUMEN HAD FAILED IN GUATEMALA AND GIVE HIS
OPINION OF WHAT NEEDED. LIRING-9 ALSO VERY INTERESTED IN WHAT
LIRING-3 KNOWS OF SQUABBLE BETWEEN GUAT LEFTISTS. AMONG MASY
OTHER QUESTIONS LIRING-9 WANTED TO KNOW WHETHER JEANETTE FIRK HAD
FAR MISSION BEFORE HER ZEATH.
D
:
2. LIRING-9 STATED CHIEF LIRING "DOES NOT HAVE VERY MUCH
TO DO WITH THESE THINGS" (CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALA)
AND "HIS OPINION DOES NOT MATTER." SAID WOULD ARRANGE FOR
SECRET
Clutch
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14-00000
:
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PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8159 SECRET
MEETING AT 1730 ON 25 NOV WITH "SOME MY COLLEAGUES SO CAN
DISCUSS LIRING-3 REPORT AID SUGGESTIONS AT LENGTH IN BETTER
PLACE FOR PRIVATE TALK." WHEN LIRING-3 EXPRESSED HOPE HE MIGHT
AMPLIFY HIS REPORT IN PERSON IN PBRUMEN CAPITAL, LIRING-9 |
SUGGESTED HE MIGHT BE INVITED FOR CULTURAL EXPOSITION TO MAKE
TRIP APPEAR INNOCUOUS AND OFFERED TO MAKE ALL NECESSARY ARRANGE-
MENTS.
3. REQUEST GUAT CITY STATION OFFICER FAMILIAR WITH FAR/
PGT OP PROCEED MEXICO CITY MORNING 23 NCU TO DISCUSS ABOVE AND
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3 REPORT TO LIRING. IN
ADDITION TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LIRING-3 COULD ATTRIBUTE INFO
WHICH WOFIRM MIGHT WANT REACH PBRUMENERS TO NOW DEAD JOSE IGNACIO
ROLANDOKLOPEZ) RUIZ WITH WHOM HAD CONTACT IN JAIL. PLS ADVISE
ETA BY INMEDIATE. WILL MEET AT AIRPORT BUT IF ANYTHING GOES
WRONG OFFICER SHOULD PHONE IDEN.
4. FILE 281-798301.
SECRET
SECRET
14-0000
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SECRET 232831Z NOV 63 CITE MEXICO CITY 3160
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOBRA
DIRECT OR
RYBAI PBRUMEN LIRING-3
REF XEXICO CITY 3159 [IN 40273
22 Nov 68 IN 40270
1. IDEN IS FRANCIS SHERRY, PHONE NO. 20-76-66.
2. FILE 201-798301.
SECRET
SECRET
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SECREI 2300312 NOV 63 CITE MEXICO CITY 3168
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCOBRA
DIRECT OR
RYBAI PBRUMEN LIRING-3
REF MEXICO CITY 815940273
22 Nov 68 IN 40270
1
1. DEN IS FRANCIS SHERRY, PHONE NO. 28-76-66.
2. FILE 201-798301.
SECRET
1
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- 0/81/50, C5/209/wa/b2065
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SECRET 230031Z NOV 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 3160
MEXI
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JMCGERA
DIRECT OR
22 Nov 68 IN 40270
IP
RYBAT PBRUMEN LIRING-3
OFF MEXICO CITY 8159
9 [IN 40273]
TEL
1. IDEN IS FRANCIS SHERRY, PHONE NO. 23-76-66.
M
2. FILE 201-798301.
#
whil
SECRET
MICROFILMED
DEC 13'1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
་
Living - 9
B201-340938
CS CITY
SECRET
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2.
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Ja/SD, C/WH/C065, DDP, ADDP,
costos, 0/21 c/ciles, C/F12, c/5003, 0ks/560
Guat
BRANCH ☐
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WH/1
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SECRET 2303012 NOY 63 CITE CUATEMALA CITY 9736
IMMEDIATE MEXICO CITY INFO IMMEDIATE DIRECTOR, ROUTINE JMCOBRA
RYBAT/PERIMEN/LIR IN 3-3
REF: MEXICO CITY 8159 (WK
9311
רהויו
D
1. BECAUSE LIRING-3 COULD NOT LOGICALLY HAVE GAINED DETAILED
INSIGHT INTO INSURGENCY MOVEMENT IN GUATEMALA DURING ENCARCERATION,
DO NOT BELIEVE IT NECESSARY SCR. GUATEMALA CITY STATION OFFICER
PROVIDE EXTENSIVE AND DETAILED BRIEFING FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3
REPORT. SUGGEST FOLLOWING GENERAL GUIDELINES, SUBJECT TO HQS
APPROVAL, WHICH OSTENSIBILY TO BE IMPRESSIONS OF LIRING-3 BASED
: ON CONVERSATIONS WITH FAR LEADERS WHILE IN JAIL.
A. EMPHASIZE FRAGMENTATION, DISORĠAN IZATION AND COMPETITION
CF INSURGENT FORCES HAVE SERIOUSLY DISRUPTED INSURGENT MOVEMENT,
WHICH NOW STAGNANT.
B. LEADERSHIP IS OBVIOUSLY IMMATURE AND INCAPABLE OF
ORGANIZING AN EFFECTIVE MOVEMENT.
C. ACCORDING ROLANDO "CEBOLLITA" FAR FUNDS MISUSED BY
LEADERS IN "NON-REVOLUTIONARY WAYS.
D. RECENT FAR. TERRORISM, WHICH FOR MOST PART ILL-CONȚEIVED
ILL-CONNE IVED
AND NOT PART OF OVERALL STRATEGY, HAS WEAKENED MOVEMENT THROUGH
*NO RECORD IN C/S 23 NOV 68 0400Z. Piring.
SECRET
CS GG7X
22 Nov68
201-798301
-3
સ્વચ્છ ગામ નજીકની
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
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☐ RID COPY
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PAGE 2 GUATEMALA CITY 9736
LOSSES FROM GOG RETALIATION. GOG ABLE TAKE ADVANTAGE OF IMPULSIVE
ACTIONS BY FAR MEMBERS WHO FAILED MAKE ADEQUATE PREPARATIONS
BEFOREHAND.
"
E. ESSENTIAL THAT NEW LEADERSHIP CADRE BE FOUND TO REPLACE
PRESENT COMMAND IF REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT TO SUCCEED..
2. FYI: OBJECTIVE OF ABOVE IS TO PAINT AS DISMAL A PICTURE
AS POSSIBLE FOR CUBANS, AND TO SUGGEST THAT LATTER IMPOSE CONDITIONS
WHICH WILL BE UNACCEPTABLE TO PRESENT INSURGENT LEADERSHIP. FEEL
THAT ANY ATTEMPT BY CUBANS TO REPLACE CURRENT-LEADERSHIP WOULD
FURTHER. FRACTIONALIZE AND DEMORALIZE INSURGENTS.
3. NO INDEX. FILE: 201-798381.
SECRET
梅
SECRET
BID
10610
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CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
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10/21/SD C5/00, C/WH/COGS,
C/C1, C/F12
0/01
SECRE I 233832Z NOV 63 CITE MEXICO CITY 8159
IMMEDIATE GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECTOR INFO JACOBRA
RYBAT FBRUMEN LIRING-3
REF: MEXICO CITY 7922 (2532]
226840273
1. Sumina Lô DISCUSSIGH Linimas new AI LIKIM WITH
LIRING-3 ON 21 NOV LIRING-9 ASKED LIRING-3 PREPARE DETAILED
WRITTEN REPORT DUE 1730 HOURS 25 NOV ON HIS EXPERIENCES GUATEMALA
AND HIS CONTACTS WITH FAR PERSONALITIES WHILE INCARCERATED.
WHEN LIRING-3 MENTIONED LACK ADEGUATE PBRUMEN SUPPORT LIRING-9
EXCITEDLY AGREED STATING HIS CAPITAL DID NOT UNDERSTAND FAR AND
WROTIC
HAD DONE MANY THINGS. HE ADDER LIRING-3 SHOULD POINT OUT
ON PAPER HOW PERUMEN HAD FAILED IN GUATEMALA AND GIVE HIS
OPINION OF WHAT NEEDED. LIRING-9 ALSO VERY INTERESTED IN UNAT
LIRING-3 KNOWS OF SQUABBLE BETWEEN GUAT LEFTISTS. AMONG MANY
OTHER QUESTIONS LIRING-9 WANTED TO KNOW WHETHER JEANETTE FIRK HAD
FAR MISSION BEFORE HER ZEATH.
D
2. LIRING-9 STATED CHIEF LIRING "DOES NOT HAVE VERY MUCH
TO DO WITH THESE THINGS" (CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALA>
AND "HIS OPINION DOES NOT MATTER.' " SAID WOULD ARRANGE FOR
SECRET
Kabe
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSCA/UNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPIES
ROUTING ANCOR TIALS SEEN BY
SECRET
P
'
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C
2
6
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3
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FACE AND ☐ DET TO
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1960
☐ RID COPY
LE. VE
•
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 8159 SECRET
MEETING AT 1738 ON 25 M7 WITH "SOME MY COLLEAGUES" SO CAN
DISCUSS LIRING-3 REPORT AND SUGGESTIONS AT LENGTH " IN BETIER
PLACE FOR PRIVATE TALK." WHEN LIRING-3 EXPRESSED HOPE HE MIGHT
AMPLIFY HIS REPORT IN PERSON IN PARUMEN CAPITAL. LIRING-9
SUGGESTED HE MIGHT BE INVITED FOR CULTURAL EXPOSITION TO MAKE
TRIP APPEAR INNOCUOUS AND OFFERED TO MAKE ALL NECESSARY ARRANGE
MENTS.
1
3. REQUEST GUAT CITY STATION OFFICER FAMILIAR WITH FAR/
PGI OP PROCEED MEXICO CITY MORNING 23 ECV TO DISCUSS ABOVE AND
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR PREPARATION LIRING-3 REPORT TO LIRING. 19
ADDITION TO PERSONAL EXPERIENCE LIRING-3 COULD ATTRIBUTE INFO
WHICH WOFIRM MIGHT WANT REACH FPBRUMENERS TO NOW DEAD JOSE IGNACIO
ROLAND COLOPEZ) RUIZ WITH WHOM HAD CONTACT IN JAIL. PLS ADVISE
ETA BY IMMEDIATE. WILL MEST AT AIRPORT BUT IF ANYTHING GOES
WRONG OFFICER SHOULD PHONE IDEN.
4. FILE 201-798331.
SECRET
'
'
SECRET
14-00000
CLASSIFICATION
PROCESSING ACTION
☑
SECRET
Att
MARKED FOR INDOING
DISPATCH
Chief, WH Division
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
FRCAD
Chief of Station, Mexico City e
SCBJECT
INDEXING RESULRED
¡ONLY QUALIFIED DESK
CA JUDGE INDELAG
MACT OFER
Letter Received by LIRING-3 from Guatemala
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
Action Required:
Reference
FYI
: MEXICO CITY-7945, 4 November 1968
1. Forwarded under separate cover for each addressee is
a Xerox copy of the letter recently received by TPNG from
Guatemale mentioned in science.
2. The Station hopes that contact between LIRING-3 and
representatives of the Guatemalan rebels will be initiated
in the near future. Station plans are to discreetly surveil
meetings between LIRING-3 and his Guatemalan contact after
the first such meeting.
MICROFILMED
NOV 29 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
Raymond A Free.
for Willard C. CURTIS
Attachment:
Letter (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2 - C/WHD (w/att
2 COS,
-
-
1 copy)
Guatemala City (w/att
s/cattil
CROSS REFERENCE TO
CS COPY
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
1 copy)
CATE
HMMA 35822
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
201-798301
18 November 1968
UBER
0¢
201-798301
1

14-00000
Cuntumala 22 de tctubre de 1966.
Señor :
Carlos Jurado Del Mar
ฝากร
ATT HOME.
2P
تمبر کیا
MICROFILMED
NOV 29 1968
DOC. MICRO. BES.
Moxico D. 2.
Apresiable yn distinguido amigo Carlos cuanto custo es para mi saludarlo
desandole dicha y felicidad.
No sabe cuato me alegro que ya hayan recobrado esa angustiada libertai
espero ez Dios que se restablesca pronto de esa gran angustia le causaron
Hi Pais y tambien que esto to vuelta a suscċer ya que eso es muy curo
de coportar.
GB- Es cuanto tengo qus decirle y percone las faltas de
Ortografia que he cometido pero todavia me encuentro un tanto nervioso
colmdemo – Dorsalad y b
was
2:150 saluco C su amigo que verlo
desea :.
Rafael
cit: Guatemala
zi direccion es la siguiente:
2 Av. 27/57zona 12
Guatemala C. r..
en el sobre le voy a poner otra si es que me contesta
Agalo a esta por favor.esta que le anote aca acentro
re:contact with, 501-798 301
i
IDD
_A DALIA AZUL
ENRIQUE PUENTE C.
ARTICULOS PARA CABALLEROS
☐ AVEXICA Y 10%. CALLE
TEL. 44-72
GUATEMALA, C. A.
Seflor:
Carlos Juraco cel Mar
Havre. # 7
Col. Juárez Mexico D.2.
EFEO
ES CORY
*= affi
limm A
757
PREOS
14-00000
LI
Remite: fact
11 AV. 292 12
Guatemala C. 2.
AFT HIMMA
3:522
14-00000
1
x
SECRET
Att
Chief, WH Division
Chief of Station, Guatemala City
Chief of Station, Mexico City
Letter Received by LIRING-3 from Guatemala
Actica Required:
Reference
FYI
:
MEXICO CITY-7945, 4 November 1968
1. Forwarded under senarate cover for each. addressee is
a Xerox copy of the letter recently received by LIRING-3; from
GURER BAUHEN M
2. The Station hopes that contact between LIRING-3 and
representatives of the Guatemalan rebels will be initiated
in the near future. Station plans are to discreetly surveil
meetings between LIBING-3 and his Guatemalan contact after
the first such meeting.
for Willard C. CURTIS
Attachsent:
Letter (1), u/s/c
Distribution:
Orig & 2 - C/HHD (w/att
-
1. copy)
2 - COS, Guatemala City (w/att - 1 copy)
HUMA
-
35822
Car
SECRET
18 November 1968
201-798301
J
14-00900
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION.
PERSONST NOTIFIED
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# 105
C/RI/SD, C/WH/CG-5, C/CI of FI...
SECRET 372311Z NOV. 65 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9675
NEXICO CITY INFO DIRECT OR
RYEAT PERUMEN LIRING
REF A. MEXICO CITY 7945
(IN 27533)
C/FI...
8 Nov 68 IN 301986
M
B. DIRECTOR 48471
1. ESLAIR TEAM CAUTIOUS INVESTIGATION REVEALS:
ހ
'
1
Notre
Staten
A. JUAN CARRERA, WIFE DARIA GARCIA DE CARRERA, AND CHILDREN
LIVE ELEVENTH AVENUE ADDRESS. HOWEVER BROTHERS RIGOBERTO AND RAFAEL
ARGUETA ARE OWNERS AND LIVED I HERE PREVIOUSLY. HOUSE NOW UP. FOR SALE.
LUIS ARGUETA, FATHER OF BROTHERS, LIVES IN CHIQUIMULA:
B. SECOND AVENUE ADDRESS OCCUPIED BY CANDELARIO ALVARADO AND
FAMILY. NO FURTHER DETAILS BUT NAME INDICATES POSSIBLE FAMILY TIE
WITH ARGUETA ALVARADO BROTHERS.
C. "LA DALIA AZUL", OWNED BY ENRIQUE PUENTE C., DOES EXIST AS
INDICATED REFERENCE.
2. STATION FILES SHOW:
A. SO TRACES CARRERA AND FAMILY, PUENTE, LUIS ARGUETA OR
ALVARADO.
B. PRESSA LIBRE, 28 AUGUST 1968, REPORTED THAT RAFAEL ARGUETA
ALVARADO ARRESTED DURING MAY DAY PARADE 1967 AND RELEASED 27 AUGUST 1968
cury, wil
SECRET
Kerbe
J
1
14-00000
DATING AND/OR "TALS SEEN BY
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CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSE
PERSONUT NOTIF.ED
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TOTAL COES
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2
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8
5
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1
PAGE 2 GUATEMALA CIFY 3675 SECRET
PLE LACK EVIDENCE.
no akon du
f
1
C. ON 15 SEPT 1957 LIAISON REPORTED IT INVESTIGATING RIGOBERTO
E
ARGUETA ALVARADO AVE
* འའc=*¢ aཏཿབའ--
GUERRILLA MEETING SITE IN GUATEMALA CITY. HIS RESIDENCE GIVEN AS
: AV. 25-22, ZONE 12, WHERE HE LIVED WITH MOTHER AND TWO BROTHERS.
HIS SONS WORKED IN INTERIOR. PRENSA LIERE OF 25 MAY 1967 AND 28
AUGUST 1968 REPORTED, RESPECTIVELY, THAT THIS INDIVIDUAL DETAINED
I MAY 1957 AND REALEASED FROM PRISON AUGUST 1963 FOR LACK EVIDENCE.
D. MGGA-5375, 23 SEP 1967, REPORTED THAT LIAISON INVESTIGATING
MIGUEL FRANCISCO ARGUETA ALVARADO NHO IT WAS LEARNED "HAD CONTACTS
WITH SUBVERSIVE ELEMENTS WHO RESPONSIBLE FOR SABOTAGE AND TERRORIS
ACTIVITIES." LIAISON MADE DITEMPT TO RECRUIT HIX BUT "OURING INTER-
VIEW HE SHOWED SIGNS OF FEAR INDICATING HE BELIEVED HIMSELF TO BE
ASSASSINATION TARGET."
i
7
i
RIST.
3. FILE: 221-249317. INDEX: ALVARADO, AND RAFAEL, RIGOBERTO,
MIGUEL FRANCISCO-ARGUETA ALVARADO.
SE CREI
$
'
SECRET
14-00000
F201
BEAD
FRANCIS MARY
WH/1
EXT. 4168
SECRET
DY-175
3805
DATE
TUBE DU7
NAKE CHECK AND CONSOLIDATION REQUEST
8 Nov 1968
ID CONTROL NO.
TO
TUEE
FORM
CATE
INITIALS!
RID/INDEX
DT-S
11/5/29
Runh
REQUESTER
RI/FILES
DY #
REQUESTER
RID/ANALYSIS GT-7
RED/201
DO-6
RID/INDEX
DT-S
SURNAME
ATTPADAM
.
Candelowa
SPELLING VARIATIONS TO BE CHECKED
AKA. ALIASES
CHECKING INSTRUCTIONS
24DB NINC
SeJECT TO BE CHECKED
GIDEN NAMES
201 NO. IF
Nov.
09. H
OTHER IDENTIFYING DATA (Occupation, CP membership. I. S.
affiliations, etc.)
SEX
DATE OF BIRTH
| PLACE OF BIRTH
M
CITIZENSHIP RESIDENCE
Guat
RESULTS OF RID/INDEX CHECK
1
Guatemala City, Guatemala
i
COMMENTS
NO PERTINENT IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION
✓ CARD REFERENCES ATTACHED
IN ALL CASES
C20 Tuus NL
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REQUESTERS
Use gummed label; type or print all
entries.
Upon receipt of index card reproductions
draw a green diagonal line across the
items you do not want.
③ Edit (use green) the reproduced index
cards to indicate:
(a) cards to be destroyed (mark with
green D and note reason for destruction)
Examples: document destroyed; duplicate
or less informative than retained in-
formation; information of no CS value.
(b) corrections and additions, inclu-
ding infinity symbol ∞ when card in-
cludes all facts contained in the
document.
-
Note 1. Records of COI, SSU, CSS and CIG
are in RHD/ARD, and those that reet
indexing criteria in CSB 70-1-1 are
carded in the CS Main Index. If you
believe there could be additional in-
formation of value in these records,
you must request an Archives Index
search.
1.
201 CONSOLIDATION
Return this form with the card repro-
ductions, also return pertinent documents,
aperture cards and the dossier if a 201 on
the subject exists.
2. For each document to be included in the
consolidation (i.e., copy or cross reference
to be placed in the 201 file), green D the
corresponding card and check (a) or (b)
below:
(a) ☐ Consolidate into
201-
(b) ☐ Open 201 file on subject.
ESTRICTION (If any)
GHER INTERESTED DESES DR STATIONS
Note 2.
RYPTONYM
YES
- NO
FILE
BEED
910
DESK
Information concerning foreign
public personalities (except mili-
tary) may be available in BR/OCR
×7997.
DATE
SIGNARE OF AE43 OFFICER
N
?.
ALVARADO, C.A.
DQ3 9
CIT COLOMBIA
2004
FORMAL MEMBER OF THE INTERATICAL
PREPARATORY CONT
WYF. TO BE HELD IN
JUL. 59.
AUSTRIA
tim
166903
14-00000
.
1
FROM
PAN
"
FRANCIS MARV
WH/I
EXT. 4168
SECRET
DY-175
3605
DATE
TUBE DUT
NAME CHECK AND CONSOLIDATION REQUEST
8 November 1968
RID CONTROL NO.
TO
TUGE
ROOM
DATE
INITIALS:
RID/INDEX
DT-S
9-1568
REQUESTER
RID/FILES
DT-6
REQUESTER
RID/AKLYSIS GT.7
RID/201
DW. €
RID/INDEX
DT-5
سم
SURNAME
CAPPERA, Juan
SPELLING VARIATIONS TO BE CHECKED
AKA. ALIASES
SEX
DATE OF BIRTH
[PLACE OF BIRTH
K
NO PERTINENT IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION
CARD REFERENCES ATTACHED
SUBJECT TO BE CHECKED
GIVEN NAMES
CHECKING INSTRUCTIONS
201 NO. IF ENDUS
OTHER IDENTIFYING DATA (Occupation. C membership, I. J.
affiliations, etc.)
C1712himit
Guat
RESULTS OF RID/INDEX CHECK
RESIDENCE
| Guatemala City, Guatemala
COMMENTS
IN ALL CASES
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REQUESTERS
Use gummed label; type or print all
entries.
Upon receipt of index card reproductions
draw a green diagonal line across the
items you do not want..
③ Edit (use green) the reproduced index
cards to indicate:
(a) cards to be destroyed (mark with
green D and note reason for destruction)
Examples: document destroyed; duplicate
or less informative than retained in-
formation; information of no CS value.
(b) corrections and additions, inclu-
ding infinity symbol co when card £n-
cludes all facts contained in the
document.
Note 1. Records of COI, SSU, CGS and CIG
are in RID/AFD, and those that zeet
indexing criteria in CSEB 70-1-1 are
carded in the CS Main Index.
if you
believe there could be additional in-
formation of value in these records,
you must request an Archives- Index
search.
1.
201 CONSOLIDATION
Return this form with the card repro-
ductions, also return pertinent documents,
aperture cards and the dossier if a 201 on
the subject exists.
2.
For each document to be included in the
consolidation (i.e., copy or cross reference
to be placed in the 201 file), green D the
corresponding card and check (a) or (b)
below:
(a) ☐ Consolidate into
201-
(b) ☐ Open 201 file on subject.
RESTRICTIO (if any)
OTHER INTERESTED DESES OR STATIONS
Note 2.
YES
wC
FILE TO
BE KEPT
RID
Information concerning foreign
public personalities (except mili-
tary) may be available in BR/OCR
x7997.
DATE
FORM ACR
OREVLONE
SIGNATURE OF RECORDS OFFICE
14-00000
આ તે કેવો
(
SECRET
CARRERA, JUAN
SEX ¼ DOB ?
CIT PANAMA
OCC ?
056-004-109
HEP -05571
29 MAY 63
P1
TREASURER OF THE CTRP. PLANS OF CP LABOR
LDRS TO USE HIM IN EFFORT TO LEARN SOURCE
OF FUNDS OF CRIT-AFFILIATED CTRP.
/CONFEDERACION DE TRABAJADORES DE LA
REPUBLICA/.
таява
SECRET
085223
1 494 004
CARRERA, Juan
63-6-7-348
(TSS-852)
Communist involved in labor matters who escaped arrest
CARRERAS, Juan Durall
DURALL CARRERAS, Juan
085224
-xigl
2
THIS
CARD
FILED IN
MAIN
089225
CARRERA, Juan Jose
230CT 52
Ɔ FILED
IN MAIN INDEX
100-5-13-3134
(178-53293)
(Enci. 1)
201-40334-1
(HGG-165)
(11 May 53)
085226.
THE FILED
ཞ! *** 【b!TR
зяозг
14-00000
:
FRO
BRAN
FRANCIS MARV
WH/1
EXT. 4168
SECRET
NAME CHECK AND CONSOLIDATION REQUEST
DY-175
3805
TUBE DU7
DATE
ΤΟ
TUSC
FCOM
IATE
INITIALS
RID/INDEX
DT. S
9/10/16
PEQUESTER
RID/FILES
BT.6
REQUESTER
eID/ANALYSIS GT-7
RID/201
DW-6
RID/INDEK
BT-S
SUENAME
A GUETA. Rigoberts
SPELLING VARIATIONS TO BE CHECKED
AKA. ALIASES
CATE OF Biath
PLACE OF BIRTH
NO PERTINENT IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION
CARD REFERENCES ATTACHED
0
2 November 1963
SUBJECT TO BE CHECKED
GIVEN NAMES
RIC CENTROL NO.
CHECKING INSTRUCTIONS
201 NO. IF ESOWN
OTHER IDENTIFYING DATA (Occupetson, CP membership. I. S.
affiliations, etc.)
Guatemala City resident who possibly
involved in subversive activities.
CITIZENSHIP
Guat
RESIDENCE
:
"Guatemala City, Guatemala
RESULTS OF RID/INDEX CHECK
COMMENTS
IN ALL CASES
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REQUESTERS
Use gummed label; type or print all
entries.
② Upon receipt of index card reproductions
draw a green diagonal line across the
items you do not went.
③ Edit (use green) the reproducea index
.
cards to indicate:
(a) cards to be destroyed (mark with
green D and note reason for destruction)
Examples: document destroyed; duplicate
or less informative than retained in-
formation; information of no CS value.
(b) corrections and additions, inclu-
ding infinity symbol ∞ when card in-
cludes all facts contained in the
document.
Note 1. Records of COI, SSU, CSS and CIG
are in PID/AFD, and those that meet
indexing criteria in CSHB 70-1-1 are
carded in the CS Main Index.
If you
believe there could be additional in-
formation of value in these records,
you must request an Archives Index
search.
1.
201 CONSOLIDATION
Return this form with the card repro-
ductions, also return pertinent documents,
aperture cards and the dossier if a 201 on
the subject exists.
2.
For each document to be included in the
consolidation (i.e., copy or cross reference
to be placed in the 201 file), green D the
corresponding card and check (a) or (b)
below:
(a) ☐ Consolidate into
201-
(b) ☐ Open 201 fill on subject.
RESTRICTION (If any)
CRYPT
YES
OTHER INTERESTED DESKS OR STATIONS
FILE TO
RECEPT
RID
Note 2.
Information concerning foreign
public personalities (except mili.
tary) may be available in BR/OCR
×7997.
DATE
SIGNATURE
OF RECORDS OFFICER

14-00000
ARGUETA, FNU
DCB ?
CIT GUATEMALA
035-004-124
MGG -01551
29 DEC 3
GUAT-00510
INSPECTOR FOR FENIX BUS COMPANY GUATEMALA CITY
RECEIVED SCHOLARSHIP AND PLANNED TO LEAVE FOR
MOSCOW VIA MEXICO JAN 60.
306942
14-00000
FROM
BPAQ
FRANCIS MARY
WH/1
EXT. 4168
SECRET
DV-175
3805
DATE
TUSE DUT
NAME CHECK AND CONSOLIDATION REQUEST
RID CONTROL NO.
1
1
CHECKING INSTRUCTIONS
B Nov 1968
"
TO
TUBE
ROOM
DATE
INITIALS1
RID/INDEX
DT-S
9-11-68
REQUESTER
RID/FILES
DT-6
REQUESTER
RID/ANALYSIS,
GT.7
RID/201
DW-6
BIG/INDEX
DT.
☑
MPICIA de Carrera, Tarie
SPECTING VARIATIONS TO BE CHECKED
SUBJECT TO BE CHECKED
GIVEN NAMES
AKA. ALIASES
SEX
P
DATE OF BIRTH
PLACE OF BIRTH
EC NO. IF KNOWN
Lov
p.11.
OTHER IDENTIFYING DATA (Occupation, CP membership. I. S.
affiliations, etc.)
Wife of Juan CAFFERA
CITIZENSHIP
Guat
NO PERTINENT IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATION
RESULTS OF RID/INDEX CHECK
COMMENTS
CARD REFERENCES ATTACKED
RESIDENCE
Guatemala City, Guatemala
IN ALL CASES
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REQUESTERS
Use gummed label; type or print all
entries.
② Upon receipt of index card reproductions
draw a green diagonal line across the
items you do not want.
Edit (use green) the reproduced index
cards to indicate:
(a) cards to be destroyed (wark with
green D and note reason for destruction)
Examples: document destroyed; duplicate
or less informative thar retained in-
formation; information of no CS value.
(b) corrections and additions, inclu-
ding infinity symbol ∞ when card in-
cludes all facts contained in the
document.
Note 1. Records of COI, SSU, OSS and CIG
are in RID/AFD, and those that meet
indexing criteria in CSHB 70-1-1 are
carded in the CS Main Index.
If you
believe there could be additional in-
formation of value in these records,
you must request an Archives Index
search.
1.
201 CONSOLIDATION
Return this form with the cari repro-
ductions, also return pertinent documents,
aperture cards and the dossier if a 201 on
the subject exists.
2. For each document to be included in the
consolidation (i.e., copy or cross reference
to be placed in the 201 file), green D the
corresponding card and check (a) or (b)
below:
(a) ☐ Consolidate into
201-
(b) ☐ Open 201 file on subject.
RESTRICTION (If any)
OTHER INTERESTED DESKS 20 STATIONS
Note 2.
FILE
::
Information concerning foreign
public personalities (except mill-
tary) may be available in BR/OCR
x7997.
DITE
SIGNATURE OF RECORDS DER
14-02000
FRANCIS MARV
[FRO
WH/1
BRAU
EXT. 4168
3E05
TO
TUBE
PC-OM
RID, INDEX
CT-S
SECRET
DY-175
DATE
TUBE DU7
INITIALS
160km
11500
NAME CHECK AND CONSOLIDATION REQUEST
8 Nov 1968
PID CONTROL NO.
CHECKING INSTRUCTIONS
REQUESTER
RID/FILES
DT.6
REQUESTER
QID/ANALYSIS
GT-7
RID/20
DE-6
RID/INDEX
DT-5
SURTAME
And wing
SPELLING VAR.ATIONS TO BE CHECKED
AKA. ALIASES
SUBJECT TO BE CHECKED
GIVEN NAMES
Nov
1
1
i
201 80. IF KNOWN
OTHER IDENTIFYING DATA (Ge-spation, CP ceabership. I. S.
affiliations, etc.)
SEX DATE OF BIRTH
☑
PLACE OF BIRTH
NO PERTINENT IDENTIFIABLE INFORMATIO%
A CARD REFERENCES ATTACHED
IN ALL CASES
CITIZENSHIP RESICENCE
Guat
RESULTS OF RID/INDEX CHECK
COMMENTS
Chiquimala, Guatemala
Tanu linlist
INSTRUCTIONS FOR REQUESTERS
Use gummed label; type or print all
entries.
② Upon receipt of index card reproductions
draw a green diagonal line across the
items you do not want.
③Edit (use green) the reproduced index
- cards to indicate:
(a) cards to be destroyed (cark with
green D and note reason for destruction)
Examples: document destroyed; duplicate
or less informative than retained in-..
formation; information of no CS value.
(b) corrections and additions, inclu-
ding infinity symbol ∞ when card in-
cludes all facts contained in the
document.
Hote 1. Records of COI, SSU, CSS and CIG
are in RID/AD, and those that reet
indexing criteria in CSHB 70-1-1 are
carded in the CS Main Index.
If you
believe there could be additional in-
formation of value in these records,
you must request an Archives Index
search.
1.
201 CONSOLIDATION
Return this form with the card repro-
ductions, also return pertinent documents,
aperture cards and the dossier if a 201 c
the subject exists.
2. For each document to be included in the
consolidation (i.e., copy or cross reference
to be placed in the 201 file), green D the
corresponding card and check (a) or (b)
below:
(a) ☐ Consolidate into
201-
(b) ☐ Open 201 21le on subject.
RESTRICTION (If any)
CRYPTC
ISSIG
} VEŠ
S-I
OTHER INTERESTED DESKS OR STATIONS
FILE
BEE
ID
14
Note 2.
Information concerning foreign
public personalities (except zili.
tary) may be available in BR/OC3
*7997.
#
DATE
SIGNATURE OF RECORDS OFFICES
14-00009
(i)ળ બેથ
ARGUETA, LUIS BARRIOS
35-4-134-
HGGA-1558
PENCL. 1
PAGE 3
>>:
1.95
0190
FILED IN
PART
06977
T
ARGUETA, FNU
☐ DCB ?
CIT GUATEMALA
035-004-124
HGG -01551
29 DEC 59
GUAT-00510
INSPECTOR FOR FENIX BUS COMPANY GUATEMALA CITY
RECEIVED SCHOLARSHIP AND PLANNED TO LEAVE, FOR
MOSCOW VIA MEXICO JAN 60.
**
306942
14-00000
OMG:
UNIT:
EXT:
DATE:
M. Francis/re
WH/1
4167/1973
6 November 68
CARE SECRETARIAT OSST
OT
CONF:
3
MI.
J/WH6
SECRET
MESSAGE FORM
TOTAL COPLES.
SECRET
EGUTING AND/OR HALF". SEEM ST
འ
.
.
1-10
NEDEX
DESTROT ☐ BATUEN TO.
BRANCH
☐ MB
NO CHOEX
☐ FILE ON CS FILE NO.
INFO:
RID COPY
FULE
13
(one and fried,
to ✓ MEXICO CITY
INFO:
GUATEMALA CITY
(reteran
CITE DERECTOR 40471
7
04/1
RYBAT PBRUMEN LIRING
REFERENCE:
MEXICO CITY 7945 (IN 27533)*
T
63rov68
1. HQS TRACES NEGATIVE RE RAFAEL ARGUETA AND ENRIQUE PUENTE.
FILF 201:248917, 201-798301 AND 50-9-11.
2.
MICROFILMED
DEC 12 1968
END OF MESSAGE
DOC. MICRO. SER
BH COMMENT: *LIRING/3 received brief typewritten unsigned letter
which expressed happiness his release from Guatemala
Jail. Envelope was from Enrique Puente Men's Store
in Guatemala City and writer identified self as
Rafael Argueta.
WH/COG/OPS.
Calm M. myth.
WILLIAM V. BROE
WH/2/G
:ter
C/WHD
CS COPY
COORDINATING OFFICERS
i
KAUFMAN,
C/WH/1
ONES
B.20-798301
Dj 50-9-11
Luring
XAS E CRET
टाउका
Exthdrew th
AUTHENTICATISIG
OFFICER
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED. 6 No.48
201-248917
14-00000
303
LOTIORS
CABLE SECRETAR AT DISSEVUSTON
PERSONIUNT NOTIFIEƆ
SECRET
When Filled in.
18'
OLD
ON OF THIS COPY PROMATED
ADVANCE COM
☐.
☐
SLOTTED
INDE
_
YES NO
DISSEN BY
ACTION
#787C/WH6
오.
Z
CLASS AV TO FILE NO
& DEF TO FIN
~C
RID COPY
_ .
2
3
ASOOR INITIALS - SEEN BY
7
81
। ‰ ;
10
☐
-
DESTRON SIG
% mc\9RN-༣=-༤༽|-luc༽vz
SECRET 752855Z NOV 62 CITE MEXICO CITY 7945
DIRECTOR GUATEMALA CITY
•
Eines
MEXICO CITY 7553
(1025321)
527533
m
1. LIRING-3 RECEIVED BRIEF TYPEWRITTEN UNSIGNED LETTER
DATED 22 OCT FROM "RAFAEL AR GUSTA A.” LETTER WHICH CONTAINS FANY
TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS EXPRESSED HAPPINESS LIRING-3 FINALLY RELEASED
AND HOPED HE WILL SOON RECOVER FROM THE "GAN ANGUSTIA" CAUSED
BY "HY COUNTRY." WRITER CONCLUDED WITH APOLOGIES FOR XISTAKES
IN ORTHOGRAPHY AND EXPRESSED DESIRE SEE LIRING-3 AGAIN. ASKED
LIRING-3 TO REPLY TO HIM AT FOLLOWING ADDRESS: 2 AVE 27, 57,
ZONA 12, GUATEMALA C.A. RATHER THAN TO ONE APPEARING AS RETURN
ADDRESS ON ENVELOPE.
2. ENVELOPE IS AIRMAIL STATIONERY "LA DALIA AZUL, ENRIQUE
PUENTE C, ARTICULOS PARA CABALLEROS, QUAVENIDA Y IC CALLE,
TEL:. 44-72, GUATEMALA, C.U." WITH RETURN ADDRESS ON BACK: RAFAEL
ARGUETA A., 11 AV. 25 22, ZONA 12, GUATEMALA C.A. ENVELOPE IS
POST MARKED 22 OCTOBER 1963 AND IS ADDRESSED TO LIRING-3 AT CALLE
HAVRE 7, COL. JUAREZ, MEXICO, D.F. (SALON DE LA PLASTICA MEXICANA
WHICH LIRING-3 HAD GIVEN TO JUAN AND MIGUEL LEON BARRIOS AS BEȘT
SECRET
14-00000
I SECARA Ɔ > $* CA
CS MESSAGE
TOTAL COPES
SECRET
3D
When Filled inj
Pro Winsip:J
0
ADVANCE P
☐
31.63
☐
SLOTTED
1530
○
YES NO
CLASSIFY TC, FILE NO
ROASTING BOTA RAS - SEE FY
:::
:C
Z
A-REF TO FILE NO
DISSEMB
FILE R.D _ RET :0
BEACH_
DESTROY SC
4.
☐ RID COPY
.?..
1
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 7945 SECRET
ADDRESS TO USE IN ESTABLISHING CONTACT WITH HIM.)
j. LiniG-3 COMMENTED LETTER PROBABLY SIMPLY DESIGNED
CHECK NEW COKNO CHANNEL. STATED HE HAS EVER HEARD OF HARE
RAFAEL ARGUETA A AND ASSUMES IT ALIAS ON NOTIONAL LETTER DROP.
PLANS REPLY IMMEDIATELY ACKNOWLED GING RECEIPT AND ASKING "A
WRITE NEXT LETTER DIRECTLY TO APARTMENT LIRING-4 RENTED DURING
LIKING-3 ABSINCE. LIRING-3 WILL ASK FRIENDS TO EXPEDITE CONTACT
"SINCE HE PLANNING TRAVEL".
"AQUETA"
4. IS THERE SOME WAY GUATEMALA CITY STATION CAN CHECK OF
PARA
I ADDRESS WITHOUT AT LEAST FOR MOMENT MAKING ON SPCI CHECK
OR USING LIAISCH?
5. FILE 231-245517, 201-793321.
SE CREI
14-009
Ste
DATE:
Marvin Francis/rc
WH/1
4167/1973
1 Nov 68
CASLE SECRETARIAT DISSERISATION
MESSAGE FORM
TOTAL COPIES:
☐ SECRET 19
ENDEX
.
BOUTING AND ASSET/
لك
:
DESTROT
RETURN TO.
STANCS
41
PER
NO DEDEX
☐ FILE IN CS FILE NO.
EXPO
4/WH 6
RED COPY
FILE
· VE
(c.;
SECRET
MEXICO CITY XXX INFO:
RYBAT PERUMEN LIRING
C/FIZ,
pate and me fied)
01 23 12z No7 68
GUATEMALA CITY
REFERENCE: MEXICO CITY 7900 (IN 25321)*
9/21/50, 9/WH/C065, cles,
(0500)
(reference number)
(2600)
CITE DIRECTOR 47403
7
1. SUBJECT TO GUATEMALA STATION CONCURRENCE, WE BELIEVE LIRING/3
SHOULD BE CANDID WITH LIRING/10 AND TELL HIM WHAT AND AS MUCH AS HE
WANTS TO KNOW. WE FEEL IF LIRING/3 ATTEMPTED WITHHOLD OR DISTORT
DETAILS HIS IMPRISONMENT, IT COULD BE COUNTERPRODUCTIVE TO OPERATION
SINCE LIRING/10 PROBABLY COULD CHECK OTHER SOURCES FOR ACCURACY.
2. THERE NO URGENCY FOR LIRING/3 MAKE TRIP TO PBRUMEN. WE
BELIEVE IT MORE ADVANTAGEOUS FOR HIM TO REMAIN MEXICO AND ATTEMPT
BECOME INVOLVED LOCAL PBRUMEN/GUATEMALA EXILE ACTIVITIES. IF, HOW-
EVER, LIRING/10 SUGGESTS LIRING/3 GO FBRUMEN, HE SHOULD NOT HESITATE
DO 80.
3. DEFER TO GUATEMALA CITY FOR IDENTIFICATION REFERENCE WAR
NAMES.
4. FILE 50-6-141/3, 201-798301 AND 201-776733.
Celui M. Smith
WILLIAM V. BROE
for
C/WHD
END OF MESSAGE
TH/COG/OPS
WE/2/G
COORDINATING OFFICERS
7
Keine
lik.
C/W/1
1
RELEASING OFFICER
_ SECRET
GHOUT T
Excluded from tematic
downgrading and
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
.
OFFICER
COPY
!
14-00000
Katz: ☐ YES
CLASSIFY TO FILE RO.
2-BES TO FILE NO.
FILE RID ☐ RET. TO SEARCH
BESTRRY ☐ 618.
SSIFIED MESSAGE
SECRET
TOTAL COPIES
BUREAU
--
OTIFIED
2
REPRODUCTION FROMIS17E2
'
☐ te ☐ SLATTED ☐ TERES
-
ACTIGM
STANCE COPT
1148
☐ BID COPY
LILE
FILE R
RITON, WH/1068, 11, 11/OPS
OT
SECRET JE 53 CITE MEXICO CITY/577524 OCT 68 IN 19623
GUATEMALA CITY, DIRECTOR
(Mexi
시
PEN LIRI+5=5
REWS & *EXITY
B
2
(06501)
(016895)
ANGOL
25
11 MOULD APPRECIATE DISCREET [FFORY OFTRANINE WAETHER
!IPING CREED IF NOT E! RELEASE 60 APPRECIATE KNOWING
WHEN HE SOULED P
RETURN MEYID.
2. TO FACILMATE SUBSEQUENT CONTACT WITH LIRING-3/5%D OPEN
DOOR TO POSSIBLE CAME INSTRUMENTAL IN LIRING-3 RELEASE
STATION FIGNE HOWTON SENG LIRING-3 LETTER UNDER DOUBLE
ENVELOPE 0:4 BEX1049 ABASSY GUATEMALA, LETTER ON MEXICAN
PAS ANTES DE Silve SailRY WILL MENTION ROTON
<19:DER ESE 4S76665 16 LINING-57 UNABLE CONTACT
VIRTAG=3 **65 - '
ck with njar GT
سازيم
LAMINEN 4466895 57 LI1983¯9604E ROVION ANSWERING SERVICE
As sont ASKS SEX:CO
3. FOR DIRECT Whyter wun recipiant AT THIS POIST
REGONTACT LIRīvina Tughr64 ¿E**IS! FRIENDS OR 01BAWS SO FAR UNABLE
RE-TALISM CORIAL WITH HEN
4. FILF 2--269-2
SECRE
B201-818342
SECAST
CS COPY
MICROFILMED
NOV 7 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
P 63
It
2406768
201-798301
:
14-00000
!
. DISPATCH
TO
LCFICATIO
SECRET/KAPOR
Chief, Western Hemisphere Division
KFQ
Deputy Chief WH/C
Chief of Station, Mexico City
BUBJECT
بيد
PROCESSING ACTON
WARKED FOR INDEXING
INDEXING REQUIRED
CKLY QUALIFIED DESK
CAR JUDGE INDEXING
TYPIC/OPERATIONAL/LIRING/Review of LIRING-3 Operation
ESCROFILM:
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
FYI
i
Attached is an operational review of the LIRING-3 operation prepared
by Wallace B. ROWTOM. Attention is also called to PEQ Parts I and II.
Part I was sent as HMM 30540 and mert TT to haina mpa
Attachment;
LIRING 3 Review HEREWITH
Distribution:
- C/WHD w/att
1 - DCWH/C w/att
3 - FILES
Frank C. medbery
for Willard C. CURTIS
73 COPY
CATE
DROPS REFERENCE TO
DEATH SYMBOL AND HUNGER
HIMA-30585
CLATEFICATION
SECRET/LAPOK
201-798301
16 November 1966
HOS FILE BURGESS
201-
forsak
14:
$

SPUBLE (KINS
14-00000
9 Novanter, 1916.
Subject:
L
Beview and Assessner of LTING Operasion.
Background, Cher and Assesment of_=_1ING/A;
1. Liring/3 (Subject) is a 16-vr-old Mexicon of the
Die im School and an eisiti existedalist criented
soward the philosophy of Jean haul inurė, with rely on
leftist political convictions. He has roduced a fair amount of
seinting and had relatively good success in murals both in Juba and
Mexico, but has not succeeded in selling mo. of his works desite
numerous expositions, sponsored bf the Mexican Govern lasic arts
organization Fellas Artes). Beccuse of his family, locational end
Arvidormantai
534 4132
appreciated for its intrinsic word by the Helican overgent and tenis
to blame his icial convictions he his lack of acceptance. Subject,
loveter, hes, as he himself asserts, to feel is of bitterness or re-
setzen. alhora be freuently is the "emish. Forelomness
and onliness" of the existentielist, cux na nes rot a self
to detenerate into beo-nik siber in die ersonal
tic life.
Subject hes confined to lowton that he be no real friends had that he
bos vithamate, from society, the fictates of high ce sent be
enfor the project of travel Cersaieliv chocan "to nevini orta
but also s - n be the one cold-
the sol-
life be has need forced to led in taxico.
2. Short after he met ko
that be felt ti-calf st a critic
life.
in Armii,1066, ject confessed
oins in s ernal artistic
He indicated that he felt the paradoxes in in his bailost-
phy rene overwhelmin” and depressium him and shaped friendshi
with Powton, en experienced foreimer whom he felt he could trust in-
plicitly. At one critical point, dubiect is his recher vedious job
with the Ministry of Education (fan art in a public school) with the
comment that "everyone must make personal decisions and take risks, and
I have decided to throw lot in with ou (hoston) for better or worse.
and so have quit the job since it was interfering with inqilability".
This be did without knowing any more about howton than his name, which
technical surveillance revealed he did not accept as a true name, and
with no guarantees of future financial surcort from howton. Rowton, in.
his conversations with Subject, has been careful not to reveal any deta
concerning his personal life and back round, including his permanent cr
local address, providin Subject caly with the number of a telephone ans-
wering service, and using the safehouse rented by Subfect as a principal
point of connet. Subiect bas eccented mone from Roven, at first onl7
for treviously approved expenses, and subsequently for his personal use,
but has accepted Rowion's initiative in this mester, and asde no demands
on Rexton for remuneration for services remered. le has been meticulous
in accounting for funds and shown no reluctance to i regents presented
to his by kowtos (with his true-nine asi niture). Subject has confessed
(and shown) an almost complete lack of experience in business and intelli-
Fence work, but has accepted howton'a quidance. We required, without
heritation.
:
:
ad. "It HMMA-30585.
CS COPY
201-798301
14-00000
Development of AKT 3/3 by loston:
6. Roston net Subject
art studio where
at the title was
roach in the
enting his latest
works er sponsorship of Rellas Arons.
a la Crpek busi-
necanda interested in Duct's sle and his inedite objective at the
50 certain the address in low for is subject's wife's
father (a Jube of use origin who had 1905 ou a refubes). kov-
on, feeling that he hai to present an love-averse prospect to subject
to sit future mes, lleged that he was axis arrange for the
peiront of a ural to te installed in c
in owned b
Graw friend of his ( Hima Duci-ri, c. for and per
476003
have
felt this i
e advantara of dari Sect's
in Tor
and bourrois viennent.
7. cute
Roma's invite tion to dimmer in the co
evovin. oh biect end is wife tern
TRU CO
carled their mutual
in inexion.
50 -..>
er at the "Chan
btclub" trould
1
isigenta poturi sortint
-- 1 roach and repormed,
Sipt's wife to Len
eveling or arouifio
than
iend slike for the com
cmoval of
sul of i
prent at to either ubiect on
plotted pert-site at the valan Complete, vila be
s rons subtle storage would brve to he ravelord.
strong personal relationship devalo Burgh
and civid wanually lead to useful mession on
for the nural, Howton Ex moved in with an offer to
realized that and
fe, who was then -
mooductive and lat
decided that
would be muctive
ject's part.
8. Then, therefore, on 2 48 Subject X messed provification
at having not hoston and indicated that he wished to continue his friendly
contacts, regardless of whether howton purchased his painting or arranged
ire" Subject as is
business associate on a unofficial basis, so that subject could acquire
a degree of inderence financially and perhaps do traveling for Roton.
In order to develon es much clandestini es posible in his future con-
tects with Subject, Rowton explained that he was simly a Lourist in hexico
and as such not permitted to enrage in lucrative business activities. He
would therefore have to der end on Subject's discretion in any dealings ne
nicht have sich hin. Subject accepted this as quite normal but pointed
out to Raton his limitations xes far as business training and experience
went. In reply to sowton's cuery, he did confess, however, that he had excel-
lent contacts in Havana that could be exploited for business dealings with
Cuba. He volunteered to make an exploratory trip to Havana to renew his
friendship with the perons concerned. Howton accepted this offer, not only
to test Subject's story but also to seize the occasion to be in a position
to provide subject with money to make the trip and thus compromise him some-
what at the outset.
9. Rowson's next move was to explain to Subject that he had a long-
term interest in Cuba and hoped to do a great deal of business in the fu-
utre but first felt it was essential that both he and Subject develop the
treper contacts inside to ensure success. Juliecu readily agreed to this
and felt relieved on did not his to produce concrete results
overnight. when worton, therefore that bic find and rent s
ouse for entertainment and veloment of prosective contacte, Pubject,
to work without question. (to notion's pu estic was
first rate on 17 June, &ject it suco led fringe suitable ri-ca
until the and or fulgý is project, ever, vubject something braci-
fic and rointively clestie do for how without seriously
rinciples. Subfect, devated later, interested
non even to Fic rife, for hip purposes.
ising any on
in met in-sto
14-00000
cris
12
function(
monitions
for the rev
as well 23
advice in
i
Curad
t to m
the men of
tion in the bore of stiprint un g
979
his
sed of his
this to fo
oh which faz
rected subject's friendl
the quick drdstared in nin
7. Takin
to considera-
trouble for sed and the .-
bassy as posible, the need to ton to object the
highl" restricted information the orez scully been arrested by the
hexican police for complicity in the ring that had recently
been uncovered in their options from Texico into tehale. Rowton rave
Subject encueil to make the story convinciis dazed Subject
attribute the information to "estral American friends" and to stress that
it was already inthe hands of the press. in addition Rowton surgested that
Subject ness this i
0 210322 es e po tip so that 16-
pez could discreetly disappear before the reporters rented to question him.
Then subject fides requested by orton, brez was apparently so overwhelmed
with gratitude for Subject's good intentions that he informed the bossador
the following morning (just before his departure for Javana).
then moved swiftly. The imbassador called in Subject and expressed his per-
sonal appreciation for Subject's interact and help in this delicate mater
and agreed ith Subject that the involverent of Embassy personnel in cris
sulinys scil Chen-texinen relations in fedy. Overnight this
mised Outfits in the eve of the Abassador on his closest cd-
visors (telo and Cobeña) to that of a vated confiet ragher than simply
a friend of the revolution. This obvious riced subiect and made hip all
the more anxious to compel the male of town in the affair so that all the
credit would crine fell to him.
13.
vents
res¨ls Jubject subtly called in by curbelo and
Cenode and asked to offem his services to the triceatinental in its
work in Central America. ( houser's advice ( which bent sollicited) pre
offer was accepted or condition that the work to be acne prould be serious
(i.e. worth the resonal risks Subject would have to run and that Subject
would be repfitted to fork without the overt involvement of the local -
bassy, These cditions were probly accepted and Subject was invited to
visit Havana in so that he could be briefed on the spot by Osmani Cier-
fuego and his staff.
14.
Subject was thus catapulted into the level of is activites, with
Roston maneuve ed into a position of éminence Trise. It remains to be seen
following Subject's return from Havana (estin ted at 21 Loventer, 1966) whathe;
Subject will be entrusted with secret requirements by the Tricontinental,
but it appears certain at this point that Howton will be able to provide
full suidance to Jubject and to steer the nations he might be engaged in
. toward tarrets of interest to.
: WOFACT
C-
Biomaricel Data Elicited from MRING/3:
15.
Subject was born in Nexico City in 1930 of middle class family.
Subject's grandfather was a well-known textile orchant who served some 12
years as president of the Chamber of Commerce. At least one of Subject's
aunts is currently well-to-do and the owner of several apartment houses in
Mexico City. Subject has at present little or no contact with his family.
H
"
14-00000
60
as not part
and father FC
likely a
ves
as a prof
see the
the site a
bert-
6.
16. At the of 15
has commented st
and that his ro
trons.
Riscencion.
as very
47.
to have nis bigti
1997 her then
-
var bed
in
]
Esport!
- ha vissed nel
48.
Th
ven 2
Traj
11 e pe of lexico
on to have been in
ruits of vitior and shin-t
Subject entered the University of
A
11
را
.
ariation
beli the
the val service.
1
EMC . Subject of bishoud-yelored
a strong interest in mining and sculture and over the next five or so XE
years, studied under such rosters as Rivere 2nd Sistiaros.
49. Subject was carried in 1950 at the arc of centy years to a
young Nexican woman from Leon, GTC..and durin the next ten vers neå at
at least four children by her. He divorced ris wife in about 1950, just
prior to his departure for Cute, but he had not been on rood terms with
her for several veers or to the divorce. From about 1954 to 1960, sub-
ject worked in the Mexican Goverment Social Service among the Indians in
the southern states of Rexico. Subject attributes some of the tension that
arose between him and his wife to this employment venture.) He demented to
Howton that his first wife wanted to live a bulet normal life in Nexico
City and was unwillin- to share with him the hirishins of social work in
remote areas of trorical Mexico. Daria this period Bubject idally de-
veloped his own style in painting and began to establish close contactS
with exican art circles.
2. Subject went to Juba in about 1960 "to join the revolution",ap-
parently as a result of his increasingly leftist political sympathies. He
did a relatively here arount of cainting and mural work during his four-
year residence in Cuba, while at the same time working in the Ministry of
Labor and Education. In about 1061 he married a Cuban open or Chinese
cririn from Santiso de Juta and the following year (-irl) child was born
to ther in davena. subject has told Howton that he had very little
contact with his first wife rince is divorce and mers no alimony.
that is farily, norever. es contined to the în fatament in his first
vife si the child-au af zrjirst ine has to su them
financial
in Jubject or close frismaking
with Guben revolutionaries, ponticulo riquez, whose wife
worked with subject in theğinistry of Mineylion at the time when inol
Rodriguez was serviainister of abor.
added
7 this time Subject
her modest income
ant privately and
CA Subject returned to Mexico lity in 1054 with his how wife and
child (no ho had paturolines a tattice citizen).
had beste a professional artist but supplemenced the
he schuined from the able of his painting by taschio
in Mexican public socols. His montul income ur ne
did not exceed 3.000 pesos.
And early 1966
.. on
14-00000
તમે મારે
JUN
EDITIONS
TABLE SECRETAR AT ƆÖSSEN AITCA
PERSONEN NOTED
CLASSIFED MESSATE
ADVANCE COPT
ISSLED
s-p
SLOTTED
INDEX =
GV
TOTAL C
ROUTING
LIRING['S ?
INITIALS SEEN BY
SECRET -18-2
(When red in.
REPRODUCTION OF
VES
CLASSIFY TO F
ACTION CRY
X-RLS TO FILE NO
FILE RID_RET -S
ARCH
५
101
DESTROY SIG
9/8/50, 9/2/0/8958/84ckiz
+
D.SSEM Br.
ACT.0"
870/WH76
PER
11270
RID COPY!
IF LE VR.
SECRET 5255Z NOV 53 CITE XEXICO CITY 7945
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY
5327533
in
.9..
REF MEXICO CITY 7953 (1025321)
1. LIRING-3 RECEIVED BRIEF TYPEWRITTEN UNSIGNED LETTER
DATED 22 OCT FROM "RAFAEL ARGUETA A.” LETTER WHICH CONTAINS KANY
TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS EXPRESSED HAPPINESS LIRING-3 FINALLY RELEASED
AND HOPED HE WILL SOON RECOVER FROM THE "GRAN ANGUSTIA" CAUSED
BY "HY COUNTRY." WRITER CONCLUDED WITH APOLOGIES FOR MISTAKES
:
IN ORTHOGRAPHY AND EXPRESSED DESIRE SEE LIRING-3 AGAIN. ASKED
LIRING 3 TO REPLY TO HIM AT FOLLOWING ADDRESS: 2 AVE 27, 57,
ZONA 12, GUATEMALA C.A. RATHER THAN TO ONE APPEARING AS RETURN
ADDRESS ON ENVELOPE.
1
2. ENVELOPE IS AIRMAIL STATIONERY "LA DALIA AZUL ENRIQUE
PJESTE C, ARTICULOS PARA CASALLERUS, QU AVENIDA Y ICA CALLE,
TEL: 44-72, GUATEMALA, C.U." WITH RETURN ADDRESS ON BACK: RAFAEL
ARQUETA A., 11. AV. 25 22, ZONA 12, GUATEMALA C.A. ENVELORE IS
POST MARKED 22 OCTOBER 1963 AND IS ADDRESSED TO LIRING-3 AT CALLE
HAVRE 7, COL JUAREZ, MEXICO, D.F. (SALON DE LA PLASTICA MEXICANA.
WHICH LIRING-3 HAD GIVEN TO JUAN AND MIGUEL LEON BARRIOS AS BEST
SECRET
Herbe
14-00000
CHIO:
CRIT
TATE:
Marvin Francis/rc
WH/1
4167/1973
1 Nov 68
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
CORP
41
MESSAGE POZZA
TOTAL COPIES:
SECRET 18
INDEX
DESTROY
ROUTING AND/OR INITIA'S
१०
7
10
EXTUEN TC
BRANCH
FILE &
THE ICE FILE NO.
NO INDEX
SKPO
C/WH 6
RID COPY
FILE
VR
(clocation)
SECRET
C/F12,
idate and 'ume tied)
TO
୮
CITE DIRECTOR
01 23 12 z Nov 68
GUATEMALA CITY
. 9\/R1/SD, C/WH/C065, clc.,
(olita)
(reference number)
4Z408
MEXICO CITY MER INFO:
RYBAT PERUMEN LIRING
REFERENCE: MEXICO CITY 7900 (IN 25321)*
7
TEX
101
1. SUBJECT TO GUATEMALA STATION CONCURRENCE, WE BELIEVE LIRING/3
SHOULD BE CANDID WITH LIRING/10 AND TELL HIM WHAT AND AS MUCH AS HE
WANTS TO KNOW. WE FEEL IF LIRING/3 ATTEMPTED WITHHOLD OR DISTORT
DETAILS HIS IMPRISONMENT, IT COULD BE COUNTERPRODUCTIVE TO OPERATION
SINCE LIRING/10 PROBABLY COULD CHECK OTHER SOURCES FOR ACCURACY.
2. THERE NO URGENCY FOR LIRING/3 MAKE TRIP TO PBRUMEN. WE
BELIEVE IT MORE ADVANTAGEOUS FOR HIM TO REMAIN MEXICO AND ATTEMPT
BECOME INVOLVED LOCAL PBRUMEN/GUATEMALA EXILE ACTIVITIES.
EVER, LIRING/10 SUGGESTS LIRING/3 GO PBRUMEN, HE SHOULD NOT HESITATE
IF,
HOW-
DO 80.
NAMES.
3. DEFER TO GUATEMALA CITY FOR IDENTIFICATION REFERENCE WAR
4. FILE 50-6–141/3, 201-798301 AND 201-776733.
Celui M. Smith.
WILLIAM V. BROE
:for
C/WHD
SELEASING OFFICES
B.201-7983.0% REPRODUCTION
Living - 
3
END OF MESSAGE
WH/COG/OPS
Дим
WH/2/G D
COORDINATING OFFICERS
Витс
SECRET
GROUP
MICROFILMED
DEC 12 1968
MICRO.
DOC.
SER.
Kaufman
/C/WE/1
ceded from t
downgrading and
designulsation
BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
B.201-776733 Liring-16
CS COPY.
KAUFMAN
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICER
COPY
50-6-14113
s
14-00000
CABLE SECRETAPAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOT ED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
33 SECRET
TOTAL COPIES
GROUP
LECLUDED FR
(When Filled in) BEVOR
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX. ☐ YES ☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS SEE?
12
3
°
.
°
5
10
DISSEM 835
ACTION
шнь
15541
X-REF TO FILE NO.
PER
LE RID ✓ RCT. TO
INFO
☐ RID COPY)
FILE. VR
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY
3. C❘WH/C065, dci, dez
MEXI
SECRET B12137Z NOV 6 CITE MEXICO CITY 7928
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY
RYBAT PBRUMEN LIRING-3
fet
witll
loy 6825321
1. ROWTON REESTABLISHED CONTACT LIRING-3 29 CCT AND
BEGAN DETAILED DEBRIEFING EVENING SAME DAY. ROWTON Atton con
HE ARRANGED RELEASE THROUGH BROTHER OF BUSINESS CONTACT WHO
COLONEL GNA. LIRING-3, WHO ACCEPTED STORY WITHOUT QUESTION,
STATED HE UNDERSIOCD ROWION COULD NOT HAVE ARRANGED EARLY
RELEASE FOR OBVIOUS SECURITY REASONS AND FELT ALMOST
INTOLERABLE SUFFERING WORTH PAIN SINCE HAS COME OUT IN BEST
POSSIBLE POSITION VISA-A-VIS FAR AS WELL AS PERUMEN.
2. LIRING-3 HAS BEGUN GIVE COMPLETE DETAILS ARREST
DETENTION AND CONTACTS ESTYLISHED DURING AND AFTER RELEASE.
ASKED ROWTON KEEP SENSITIVE POINTS IN STRICTEST CONFIDENCE.
· PARTICULARLY FROM LIRING-4, WHOM FEELS WOULD NOT APPROVE HIS
CONTINUED POLITICAL ACTIVITY EVEN ON BEHALF ROWION. HIGHLIGHTS
DEBRIEFING FOLLOW:
A. ROLANDO CEBOLLITA".
°
FAR OFFICIAL, WHO SHARED CELL
BLOCK 408 WITH LIRING-3 TOLD LAITER THAT HE HAD SENT REPORT
OF ARREST FAVORABLE TO LIRING 3 FOLD LATTER THAT HE HAD ESENT
OF ARREST FAVORABLE TO LIRIN-3 AND PLACING BLAME ON FRANCISCO
CS COPY
SECRET
ivores
201-798301
J
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSORUUNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL CORIS
SECRET
(When Fified in)
POUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
16
7
B
9
10
2
__ASSE CO
3
REPROCA OF THIS COPY PROBITED
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILLE NO
AT
X-REF TO FLE ND
DISSEM BY.
ACTION
PER
FILE RD RET TO
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
☐ R
14FO
RED COPY
FILE. VR
i
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 7938 SECRET
LARA AND CARLOS PERSABAL TO FAR HUGS THROUGH HIS MOTHER WHO
ALLOWED TO VISIT HIM PRIOR TO HIS EXECUTION.
B. BROTHERS JUAN AND MIGUEL (LEON) BARRICS, WHO
CLAIMED TO BE C-2 FAR, WHO ALSO SHARED CELLELOCK AND REMAINED
IN CLOSE CONTACT LIRING-3 THROUGHOUT HIS DETENTION, SHOWED
LIRING-3 REPORT THEY HAD RECEIVED JULY FROM "RELIABLE FAR SOURCES
EXICO" DESCRIBING LIRING-3 RS "ANARQUICO, SIN PARTIDO,
CONDUCTA BUENA, CONFIABLE, RESPONSABLE PERO DIFICIL CONTROLAR."
FOLLOWING THIS GENERALLY FAVORABLE REPORT JUAN AND MIGUEL
CLEON) BARRIOS DISCUSSED FAR SITUATION FREELY WITH LIRING-3
AND ARRANGED FOR SECRET CONTACT WITH FAR REPRESENTATIVE
MEXICO PAVEL”. ALSO TOLD LIRING-3 MONTES COMPLETELY STRIPPED
OF POWER SINCE HAD IN FACT DESERTED REVOLUTION BY REMAINING'
OUTSIDE COUNTRY FOR EXTENDED PERICD. MONIES CURRENTLY MEXICO
WHERE EXPECTED REMAIN. FAR HAS COMPLETELY BROKEN WITH
GUAT CP. THIS ACCORDING LIRING-3 REFLECTED IN COOLNESS EVIDENT
BETWEEN LEON BROTHERS AND FRANCISCO CORADO, CP RESPONSIBLE IN
PAVON PRISON. FAR HAS NOT SEEN RECEIVING FINANCIAL CR MATERIAL
SUPPORT FROM PERUMEN FOR PAST SIX MONTHS SINCE REFUSAL FAR ACCEPI
PBRUMEN TERMS (SUPERVISION PERUMEN EXPERTS, FAVORED POSITION)
SECRET
HIL
14-00000
LABLE DELARIANAI LASSEN
CLASSO NEO MESSAGE
PERSON/UNIT NOTIFIED
SECRET
(When filled in)
IOTAL COPIES
GROLP
EXCLCHE
DECASE
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBIT
ADVANCE COPT
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX
0 YES ☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
ROUTING ANTALS-SEENT
6
N
.
,
3
°
.
°
10
X-REF TO FILE NO
DISSEM BY
ACTION
PER
FILINDRET TO
PLANCH
DESTROY ☐ SIG
☐ RID COPY
IMFO
FILE. VR
1
PAGE 3 MEXICO CITY 7922 SECRET
FAR MEMBERS TRAINED IN PERUMEN? ALL FUNDS IN FAST CHANNELED
THROUGH GUAT CP ETC).
3. LIRING -3 TOLD RCWION HE INSTRUCTED LEON BROTHERS HAVE
"PAVEL" GET IN TOUCH WITH HIM DETERMINE HIS ADDRESS) THROUGH
SALON DE LA PLASTICA MEXICAN BY POSING AS PERSON REPRESENTING
"VILEIA"WHO INTERESTED IN BUYING LIRING-3 WATERCOLORS C'ONE IN
PRISON). LIRIKE 3 PLANS FOR COVER PURPOSES WORK IN SIQUEIROS
STUDIO CUERNAVACA AND ARRANGE SOONEST BELLAS ARTES SPONSORED
EXPOSTION HIS LATEST PAINTINGS.
4. WILL POUCH COMPLETE LIRING-3 DEBRIEFING AS SOON
IN COMPLETED. STATION HOPES LIRING AND PARTICULARLY LIRING-10
WILL TRY ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH LIRING-3 AS HE CAN BE EXPECTED
HA
SAVE INFO OF VALUE TO PERUMEN REGIME.
LIRING -3 TELL LIRING-18 ENOUGH TO WET HIS APPETITE AND CONVINCE HIM
STATION INTENDS HAVE
LIRING-3 SHOULD BE DEBRIEFED AT SOME LENGTH. LIRING-3 WOULD
TELL LIRING 10 HE WILLING OUTLINE DETAILS HIS ORDEAL INCLUDING
INFO"PBRUMENS SHOULD KNOW" BUT ONLY TO HIGH PERUMEN
FUNCTIONARY AND IN PBRUNES. PRIOR TO POSSIBLE LIRING-3 TRIP
PBRUMEN, SUGGEST HQS, GUATEMALA CITY AND MEXICO CITY STATIONS
DETERMINE WHAT CAN BE PASSED PBRUMENS.
CONFERENCE IN GUATEMALA
SECRET
คก.กา
14-0000
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°
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DESTROY ☐ SIG
PAGE 4 MEXICO CITY 7923 SECRET
!
CITY BETWEEN ROWTON, FRADYER AND GUAT CITY STATION REPS MIGHT
BE USEFUL IN THIS CONNECTION.
5. ASSUME GUAT NAMES MENTIONED ABOVE ARE "WAR NAMES”'
COMAIR
TTV CLA CAME OUT TUTIO TROW TIES
6. FILE 221-798381.
SECRET
SECRET
1
+ BID

14-00000
LABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
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33.
SECRET
When fai ed in
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RIALS SEEN BY
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7
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RID COPY
FILE v.
BRANCH
DESTROY SIG
C/R'SD CINH|C065, dei, deiz
SECRET 8121322 NOV S CITE MEXICO CITY 7922
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY
RYBAT PBRUMEN LIRING-3
1.
Hoy 6925321
RCWTON REESTABLISHED CONTACT LIRING-3 29 OCT AND
SEGAN DETAILED DEBRIEFING EVENING SAME DAY, ROUTON ALLED GED
HE ARRANGED RELEASE THROUGH BROTHER UP BUSINESS LUNIACI MU
COLONEL GNA. LIRING-3, WHO ACCEPTED STORY WITHOUT QUESTICH,
STATED HE UNDERSTOOD ROWTON COULD NOT HAVE ARRANGED EARLY
RELEASE FOR OBVIOUS SECURITY REASONS AND FELT ALMOST
INTOLERABLE SUFFERING WORTH PAIN SINCE HAS COME OUT IN BEST
POSSIBLE POSITION VISA-A-VIS FAR AS WELL AS PERUPEN.
2. LIRING-3 HAS BEGUN GIVE COMPLETE DETAILS ARREST,
DETENTION AND CONTACTS ESTYLISHED DURING AND AFTER RELEASE.
ASKED ROWTON KEEP SENSITIVE POINTS IN STRICTEST CONFIDENCE,
PARTICULARLY FROM LIRING-4, WHOM FEELS WOULD NOT APPROVE HIS
CONTINUED POLITICAL ACTIVITY EVEN ON BEHALF ROSION. HIGH IGHTS
DEBRIEFING FOLLOW :
A. ROLANDO CEBOLLITA", FAR OFFICIAL, WHO SHARED CEL
BLOCK 422 WITH LIRING-3 TOLD LATTER THAT HE HAS SENT REPORT
OF ARREST FAVORABLE TO LIRING & FOLE LATTER THAT HE HAD DEENT REPS
OF ARREST FAVORABLE TO LIRIN-3 AND FLACING BLANC ON FRANCISCO
SECRET
De Eq
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20
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PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 7922 SECRET
LARA AND CARLOS PERSABAL TO FAR HDGS THROUGH HIS MOTHER WHO
ALLOWED TO VISIT HIM PRIOR TO HIS EXECUTION.
B. BROTHERS JUAN AND MIGUEL LEON) BARRIOS, WHO
CLAIMED TO BE G-2 FAR, WHO ALSO SHARED CELLBLOCK AND REMAINED
IN CLOSE CONTACT LIRING-3 THROUGHOUT HIS DETENTION, SHOWED
LIRING 3 REPORT THEY HAD RECEIVED JULY FROM "RELIABLE FAR SOURCES
MEXICO DESCRIBING LIRING-3 AS "ANANQUICO, SIN PARTIDO,
CONDUCTA BUEHA, CONFIABLE, RESPONSABLE PERO DIFICIL CONTROLAR.
FOLLOWING THIS GENERALLY FAVORABLE REPORT JUAN AND MIGUEL
GEOK) BARRIOS DISCUSSED FAR SITUATION FREELY WITH LIRING-3
AND ARRANGED FOR SECRET CONTACT WITH FAR REPRESENTATIVE
!
EXICO PAVEL". ALSO TOLD LIRING-3 MONTES COMPLETELY STRIPPED
OF POWER SINCE HAD IN FACT DESERTED REVOLUTION BY REMAINING
CUTSIDE COUNTRY FOR EXTENDED PERIOD. MONTES CURRENTLY MEXICO
WHERE EXPECTED REMAIN. FAR HAS COMPLETELY BROKEN WITH
GUAT CP. THIS ACCORDING LIRING-3 REFLECTED IN COOLNESS EVIDENT
BETWEEN LEON BROTHERS AND FRANCISCO CORADO, CP RESPONSIBLE IN
PAVON PRISON. FAR HAS NOT BEEN RECEIVING FINANCIAL CR MATERIAL
SUPPORT FROM PBRUMEN. FOR PAST SIX MONTHS SINCE REFUSAL FAR ACCEPI
PBRUMEN TERMS (SUPERVISION PBRUMEN EXPERTS, FAVORED POSITION
SECRET
B
14-00000
1
ROUTING ANUYUN INITIALS - SEEN BY
GABLE DEL NETARA LAJOR MIRAT
PERSONST NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
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GROUP
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PAGE 3 MEXICO CITY 7928 SE CRET
I'
FAR MEMBERS TRAINED" IN PSRUMEN) ALL FUNDSIN PAST CHANNELED
THROUGH GUAT CP ETC).
3. LIRING -3 TOLD ROWION HE INSTRUCTED LEON BROTHERS HAVE
"PAVEL * GET IN TROU WITH "*" STERNTRE IS ADDRESS) THROUGH
SALON DE LA PLASTICA MEXICAN BY POSING AS PERSON REPRESENTING
"UILETA WHO INTERESTED IN BUYING LIRING-3 WATERCOLORS ONE IN
PRISON). LIRING 3 PLANS FOR COVER PURPOSES WORK IN SIQUEIROS
STUDIO CUERNAVACA AND ARRANGE SOONEST BELLAS ARTES SPONSORED
EXPOSTION HIS LATEST PAINTICS.
4. KILL POUCH COMPLETE LIRING-3 DEBRIEFING AS SOON
IN COMPLETED. STATION HOPES LIRING AND PARTICULARLY LIRING-IS
WILL TRY ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH LIRING-3 AS HE CAN BE EXPECTED
HA
LIVE INFO OF VALUE TO PERUMEN REGIME.
STATION INTENDS HAVE
1
LIRING -3 TELL LIRING-13 ENCUGH TO WET HIS APPETITE AND CONVINCE HIM.
LIRING-3 SHOULD BE DEBRIEFED AT SOME LENGTH. LIRING-3 WOULD
TELL LIRING 10 HE WILLING OUTLINE DETAILS HIS ORDEAL INCLUDING
INFO PERUMENS SHOULD KNOW" BUT ONLY TO HIGH PERUEN
FUNCTIONARY AND IN PBRUMEN. PRIOR TO POSSIBLE LIRING-3 TRIP
PBRUPEN, SUGGEST HQS, GUATEMALA CITY AND MEXICO CITY STATIONS
DETERMINE WHAT CAN BE PASSED PBRUMENS.
SECRET
CONFERENCE IN GUATEMALA
urkol
til all
itsin tality Hayley
Min 1744
22 Ect
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14.
PAGE 4 MEXICO CITY 7903 SECRET
CITY BETWEEN ROWTON, FRADYER AND GUAT CITY STATION REPS MIGHT
BE USEFUL IN THIS CONNECTION.
5. ASSUME GUAT NAMES MENTIONED ABOVE ARE "WAR NAMES”.
CAN GUATEMALA CITY SHED SOME LIGHT THEIR IDENTITIES.
. 6. FILE 281-798381.
SECRET
SECRET
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DESTAGN SIG
111/1068, R1/E1 Pl, C1/OPS, F12,
SECRET 241826Z COT 68 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9614
MEXICO CITY INFO DIRECTOR
PERUMEN LIRING/3
DEFI HERICO CITY, 1775 (~ 19623)
24 OCT 68 IN 20246
246 ✓
سية
1. ESMICA/13 REPORTED LIRING/3 AND COMPANION DEPARTED GUATEMALA
18 OCTOBER 1968 VIA TACA FLIGHT 218 FOR MEXICO CITY. THEY ASKED FOR
AND RECEIVED ESCORT DIRECTLY FROM PRISON FARM TO AIRPORT.
2. FILE:
SECRET
231-248917.
WHlife.
'LIKAVINE 015
ce's: LIRING-I
50-6-128/3
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"☐
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923
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CUELA CITY, PECTOR
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DESTROY ☐ SIS
RI/AN, CAS, CA/PEG, C/OPS, C/1c2, 512
130CT 616895
SECRET 191835Z OCT 68 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9602
MEXICO CITY INFO DIRECTOR
REF: MEXICO CITY 7486
(IN 06501)
GUAT
1. 19 OCTOBER GUATEMALAN DAILY PRENSA LIBRE REPORTED COURT OF
APPEALS CONFIRMED DECISION OF LOWER COURT ABSOLVING LIRING-3 AND
COMPANION OF CHARGES VIOLATION LAW OF DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS,
MENTION MADE WHET HER THEY ACTUALLY RELEASED FROM CUSTODY.
WILL REPORT ANY INFO RECEIVED ON RELEASE LIRING-3
2.
30 FILE:
SECRET
201-248917.
į
ANW
AB
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☑
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201-798301
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BRANCH ☐
DESTROY S
C/RIKED, c/ WH6, c/c F. 2/C/
이배6,
xeif
SECRET 042307Z OCT 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 7486
DIRECTOR, GUATEMALA CITY
REFS: A. DIRECT CR 365 84
B.
GUATEMALA CITY 9517
C.
HMMA 35500 PARA 5
(~02566)
m
5CC6306501 JP
MICROFILMED
OCT 311968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
1. STATION WISHES TO REITERATE ONCE MORE ITS RELUCTANCE TO
SOMEHOW TRY TO FREE LIRING-3 FROM JAIL IN GUATEMALA CITY BY GOING
1
i
TO LIAISON AND EXPOSING HIS WOFIRM CONNECTION. MEXICO CITY STATION
IN AGREEMENT WITH REF B STATEMENT THAT MORE TIME SHOULD BE ALLOWED
TO SEE IF LIRING-3 WILL NOT BE RELEASED IN NOT TOO DISTANT FUTURE
WITHOUT INDICATING WOFIRM INTEREST. AS STATED IN REF C SUCH INDICA-
TIDE IF IT LEAKED (AND STATION ASSUMES THIS POSSIBLE IN GUATEMALA) OR
IF IT ATTRACTED SUSPICION GUAT REBELS, MEXICAN LEFTISTS OR
PBRUMENERS WOULD RENDER FURTHER OPERATIONAL EXPERITATION LIRING-3
AND LIRING-4 PROBLEMATIC. IT MIGHT EVEN PROMPT GUAT REBELS TO
TAKE REPRISALS AGAINST LIRING-3 AND LIRING-4.
NOT AT ALL SURE THAT FREEING LIRING-3 THROUGH INTERVENTION
LIAISON MIGHT NOT JEOPARDIZE ROWION SECURITY.
Lo
FURTHERMORE STATION
2. IF LIRING-3 RELEASED AFTER. NORMAL TRIAL WITHOUT ANY
INDICATION OF OUTSIDE INFLUENCE STATION ASSUMES BOTH HE AND LIRING-4
B.201-818842
CS CERT
SECRET
5.0.68
201-798301
$
14-00000
PERSON/UNIT NOT SIED
SECRET
(When Filled ing
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
63008:
$
EXCLATED FRO
HEADS16
MINAT
2
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4
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INFO
RID COPY
FILE. VR.
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 7486 SECRET
WILL HAVE INCREASED OPERATIONAL POTENTIAL. IF LIRING-3 NOT
RELEASED IN NEAR FUTURE LIRING-4 MAY FIND ONLY WAY OUT HER CURRENT
PREDICAMENT IS AT LEAST TEMPORARY RETURN TO PERUMEN. SHE MIGHT
AT THAT POINT BE AMENABLE UNDERTAKE MISSION THILAR TO ÅHAT
PREVIOUSLY AGREEABLE ATTEMPT FOR WOFIRM.
anc
3. STATION WOULD NATURALLY BE WILLING RE-EXAMINE ITS
POSITION RE LIRING-3 IF GUATEMALA CITY STATION COULD DETERMINE
BEYOND ANY REASONABLE DOUBT THAT. APPROACH OF JUDGE THROUGH
LIAISON WOULD NOT LEAK. CAN GUATEMALA CITY STATION GIVE SUCH
ASSURANCE?
4. FILE 201-798301.
SECRET
SECRET
J
14-00000
ome, Marvin Francis/lq
WH/1/3E04
EXT: 4167:1973
DATE: 4 October 1968
CABLE SECRETARIAT SESEESIATION
ST...
46
COMP
WH8
MESAGE F
TUTA COTE„:
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DESTROY
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FILE T
☑ KO HIDEX
☐ FRICS FILE NO.
DEPOS
RID COPY
FILE
(diction)
SECRET
13/AN, WH/COGR, 41/6/015,72
CITE DIRECTOR
(referance AUTOS
DIR
8881
(date and time.
INFO:
20 23753
MEXICO CITY
GUATEMALA CITY 9517 (TN 02590) +
GUATEMALA CITY
REFS: A.
B.
DIRECTOR 36584**
Joce68
1.
APPRECIATE REF A RESPONSE.
AGREE WE DO NOT WANT, SURFACE
WOFIRM INTEREST LIRING-3 OR WIFE TO GUATS IF CAN BE AVOIDED!
=
; 2.
REF B WAS SENT FOLLOWING DISCUSSION WITH LIRING-3'S
CASE OFFICER, ROWTON WHO STILL TDY HQS. AFTER FURTHER DISCUSSION
WITH ROWTON, HOWEVER, WE PREFER GUAT STATION TAKE NO ACTION ON
REFERENCE B REQUEST UNTIL RCWTON RETURNS MEXICO. HE CAN THEN AT-
1
TEMPT OBTAIN UPDATED READING ON LIRING-3 STATUS FROM LIRING-4 OR OTHER |
SOURCE, AFTER WHICH ROWTON AND MEXICO CITY STATION CAN DECIDE IF
ESMAJOR-20 INTERVENTION WARRANTED.
3. INDEX 201-248917, 201-79830).
B201-245917
AR Ch
AB
END OF MESSAGE
BX 4
LIGHT
MICROFILMED
ILMET
OCT 14 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
(stering-3.
68
1201-798301
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICER
CQ? KQ..
CS COPY
COORDINATING OFFICIES
SECRET
Excluded on
congres and
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE 3D NO OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
RELEASING OFFICES
6201-818842

14-00000
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MESSAGE FOR
ome: Marvin Francis/lq
HET: WH/1/3E04
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(nication)
SECRET
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WH/1 COMMENT:
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17
SECRET
LCT 10
4
10
BRANCH
DESTROY
INDEX
☑NO IXDEX
INFO1
RID COPY
FILE
(date and time fiecj
CITE DIRECTOR
PAGE 2
'elita)
reference numbe)
38881
* Indicated liaison content BOKA TAo an
intercede on LIRING-3's behalf to learn when his
trial would take place or possibly to obtain his `
release. Station reluctant surface WOFIRM interest
however without Mexico City Station concurrance.
**Headquarters commented on fact LIRING-4 recently
took up residence in Cuban Embassy, Mexico City
because lacked funds pay rent. Also asked Guatemala
Station if could arrange for early release LIRING-3
and associate from jail through high level Guat
official.
Calvin M. Smythe
WILLIAM V. BROK
C/WHD
for
GELEAMING OFFICER
REPRODUK
-
WE/COG/
WH/2/G
Jane
дам
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRAT
IN BY OTHER THAN THE ISSU: NG OFFICE
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KAUFMAN
C/WE/1
PROHIBITED.
(pfox
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICES
COPY NO.
14-00000
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PERSONUNT NOTIFIED
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TOTAL CORIES
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143401
1
EXCL
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C/WH/1065 ☐ RID COPY
INFO
FILE VR
BRANCH ☐
DEST ☐ SIG.
C/WAG, C/RI/SD, C/C1, C/Fiz,
Gunt
SECRET 3818422 SEP 68 CE GUATEMALA CITY 02560
DIRECTOR INFO MEXICO CITY
RYBAI TYPIC LIRING
Pr
EX
}
'
1. GUATEMALA CITY STATION IS WILLING TO USE ITS PATOON
RELATIONSHIP IN ANY WAY NECESSARY TO SUPPORT UNILATERAL WOFIRM
OPERATIONS. NEVERTHELESS IT MUST BE REALIZED THAT AFTER 6 MONTHS,
REVEALING WOFIRM INTEREST IN LIRING-3 IS SOMEWHAT AWKWARD, WHILE
.GUATEMALAN CITY STATION IS NOT FULLY COGNIZANI OF ALL OPERATIONAL IMPLI-
'CATIONS LIRING-4 OPERATION AND ITS VALUE TO WOFIRM, WE CONTINUE TO BE-
LIEVE THAT BY ALLOWING MORE TIME LIRING-3 AND COMPANION WILL BE RE
LEASED WITHOUT NEED INDICATE WOFIRM INTEREST. THIS APPEARS MORE IN LIKE
WITH MEXICO CITY STATION POSITION THEY DEFINITELY NOT IE FAVOR
INTERVENTION WITH GUAT AUTHORITIES WHICH WOULD FINGER LARING-3
AS SOME TYPE VOFIRM ASSET (MEXICO CITY 5984).
-2, IF MEXICO CITY HAS CHANGED ABOVE POSITION AND NOW AGREES
WOFIRM INTEREST CAN BE INDICATED, SUGGEST FOLLOWING APPROACH:
STATION WILL ADVISE ESMAJOR-20 THAT MEXICO CITY HAS DEVELOPED
AN OPERATIONAL INTEREST IN LIRING-3'S WIFE BUTUNABLE PROCEED
CITY
WITH OPERATION BECAUSE OF HER CONCERN OVER FATE OF HER HUSBA
.
WE CAN THEN ASK ESMAJOR-20 ATTEMPT ASCERTAIN WHEN TRIAL
MICROFILMED
OCT 11 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
RB 201.
42.
CS COPY
SECRET
1
30 Sept 68
201-798301
14-00000
CABLE SELPETARIAT DISSEMINATION
CLASSIFIED ESSAGE
TOTAL COPES
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|FILE.R
PAGE 2 GUATEMALA CITY 95 17 SE CREI
SCHEDULED AND INDICATION WHAT SENTENCE MAY BE, BELIEVE ANY
INTEREST
S ESMAJOR-28 MAY PEVEAL TO THE COURTS WILL DEVELOP
RESPONSE. ON THE OTHER HAND, IF THERE IS NO OBJECTION TO
REVEALING WOFIRM INTEREST DIRECTLY IN LIRING-3, THE STATION
CAN SO ADVISE ESMAJOR-22 AND REQUEST HIS HELP.
3. FILE: 201-248917,
SECRET
1
BT
SECRET
BID
14-00000
TO
INFO.
DISPATCH
:
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
X
Chief, Western Hemisphere Division
FROM
Chief of Station, Mexico City!
2P
PROCESSING ACTION
MARKED FOR DEXING
NO DEXING REQUIREN
[ONLY QUALIFIE XX
CAN JUDGE ENCEING
MCROFAU
1
SUBJECT
Ò PRRUMEN: Activities of LIRING-3, LIRING-4 May through wid-September 1968
ACTION REQUSED - REFERENCES
201-278892
REF: HMMA 34682, 17 May 1968
Action Required: For your information.
MICROFILMED
OCT 12 1968
DOC. MICRO. SER.
1.
Forwarded under separate cover are twelve reports prepared by
Wallace B. ROIC on the activities of LIRING-3, LIRING-4, and contacts of
the latter.
2. The sain topic covered in ROWTON's reports is LIRING-4's efforts to
obtain help in getting LIRING-3 out of jail in Guatemala as soon as possible.
LIRING-4 is almost penniless (RWTON has made only token payments to her
after 15 June) and has been moving from one apartment to a cheaper one living
on the sale of paintings left by LIRING-3 and small loans from leftist contacts.
In the hope that she may be able to do something for LTRING-3, LIRING-4 has
resisted all of ROWTON's efforts to get her to undertake a clandestine mission
to PBRUMEN, a mission, as Headquarters knows, was plaaned long agɔ. As a
foreigner, LIRING-4 cannot work in Mexico without taking the chance of being
deported, if caught. Although she has not tried it, she would probably be
refused a visa to go to Guaterala to visit LIRINC-3. She might also face
difficulties in Guatemala including possible detention and interrogation if
she succeeded in obtaining an entry permit to that country.
3. By mid-September 1968 LIBING-4 had received very little help from
her Mexican leftist or outright Communist friends. In spite of promises to
try to bribe the Guatemalan judge scheduled to try LIRING-? all LIRING-4's
"Friends" succeeded in doing was to print several articles in the local press
(some of them with LIRING-3's photo) claining that LIRIK-3 was unjustly
imprisoned, that he was about to be executed, etc. If anything, these
continued
•
Attachments: 12 reports u/s/c #1
Distribution:
S/catt:
CROSS REFERENCE TO
✓ Iden rpts u/s/c #2
Orig & 2 C/WED w/atts
Sepp Filed in 201-775301.
CS COPY
DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
HMA- 35502
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
201-818842
26 September 1968
DOS FILE BUMBER
201-798301
14-00000
CONTINUATION OF
DISPATCH
CLASSINATION
SECRET
DISPATCH SYMBOLAND ROMain.
HMMA - 35502
articles did little to prejudice the Guatemalans in favor of LIBING-3.
As a matter of fact, the latter who succeeded in sending LIRING-4 a few
letters via the Mexican Consul in Guatemala City who comes to visit him in
jail, recently claimed that he was saved from à prison "transfer" by the
Guatemalan army by the arrival of the Mexican Consul. LIRING-3 viewed this
"transfer" purely and simply as an execution attent.
4. LIRING-4 received even less help from LIRING who told her that!
there was nothing it could do to help LIRING-3. LIFING-4, on the advice
contained in one of the notes sent from prison by LIRING-3, kept away from
LIRING and its employees until she met LIRING-10 by accident at the office
of one of the leftist papers on 27 July. LILING-10 convinced her to resume
her visits to LIRING. That the local PERUMEN still have doubts about
LIRING-3 despite his imprisonment in Guatemala is indicated by the statements
sade by Rodolfo REYES (see OZON's 17 July report) to the effect that the
latter would not be willing to help LIRING-3 until he found out on what
side of "el griego" (HOWTON under false identity) he was. REYES added that
LIRING suspects the "griego" of WCPIPM connections, although it has no
definite proof of this.
i
5. Statements such as those made by REYES confirm the Station's belief
that LIRING, upon orders from home, is still attempting to investigate
ROWTON. Such statements also re-enforce the decision of the Station not to
attempt, through liaisen, to obtain the rolesea OF "TOTUM-7
attempt, if it leaked, would not only expose LIRING-3 to PBRUMEN and
Guatemalan FAR reprisals. It would probably also have adverse repercussions
on ROWION's security. LIRING-11 whom ROTC met briefly ca 5 July (see
EOWTON's report dated 9 July) said nothing about LIRING-3's arrest when
ROWTON complained that mail which he said he sent to IRING-3 remained
unanswered. It is also to be noted that REYES, who of course knows that
LIZING-4 is in Mexico, told 1070 that she was probably in PBRUMEN. This
shows clearly the distrust with which LIBING views ROTON.
6. LIRING-4 developed close relationship with Orlando ganz of the
Ministry of Culture now in Mexico at the invitation of the Mexican Communist
mural painter David ALFARO Siaceiros. By mid-September, in fact, STAREZ
was staying at LIRING-4's apartment although LIRING-4 claimed to RO-TCN that
there was no romancing between the two and that SUAREZ used her apartment
because he was too broke to get one of his own. In view of LIRING-4's
assessment of SUAREZ as very leftist and pro-AMTHUG-1 no effort was made to
approach him.
7. Contacts between RO-TON and I.IRING-4 have taken place with decreasing
frequency because the usefulness of LIRING-4 to %OFIRM has sharply decreased
and because LIRING-4 is more and more convinced that ROWTON cannot or will
not help her obtain the release of LIRING-3. In her frantic efforts to do
something for LIRING-3, LIRING-4 has in fact not had any contact with ROWTON
since early September. Caless LIRING-3 is released by the Guatemalan
authorities or receives only a light sentence keeping him in jail only a short
time longer, it is doubtful that LIRING-4 will be of much use to PONTON and
the Station.
Marid D. Falan
for Willard C. CURTIS
CLASSIFICATION
FORM
8-64
53a
USE PREVIOUS EDITION.
SEC.R. ET
101
CONTINUED
FIGE NO
2 of 2
14-009
Subject:
SECRET
17 May, 1968
Wallace B. Horton Meeting with LIRING/4.
1. Howton met with MING/A at the Punto Blanco Restaurant from about
1900 until 2015 on 16/5/68. LIRING/4 had telephoned Hostin's answering
service and left a message that "Dr. Barragán would see him at his
office at that time and date.
2. LIRING/4 reported that she had learned that seven Guatemalans resi-
ding in Mexico City had been arrested along with Rodolfo Sandoval. She
had learned this from Manuel Marcué Pardiñas but was not able to learn
the identities of the other seven. She recalled that Marcué þad said
that Sandoval had been arrested on 5 May, 1968, just after his wife had
arrived from Guatezala, and that he, Marcué, was burdened with the support
not only of Francisco Lara's family (wife, mother and children) but now
of sanuoval's wile. Lining/4 understood that arcué naɑoved these de-
pendents into one of his several houses in the city. IlRING/4 added that
finally she decicied to avoid any further contact with Marcué since he
has become a complete nuisance, telephoning and droppping in unannounced
at all hours of the night.
1
i
3. LIRING/4 also reported that she had obtained a job at the Secretaría
de Comercio y Industria,paying 1,200 pesos permonth, through Sergio Gon-
zalez Kerin, and had started working regular hours (1000-1400) on 13/5/68.
When she, however, mentioned this to Zacosta (FIU,phon.), Director of the
office of Relaciones Culturales of the Sec Relaci nes Exteriores, he told
her to quit the job immediately since it was not legal for her to work,
particularly in a government office where official records were kept. He
promised to help her find a job where she could work on the Q.P. without
jeopardizing her immi ration status.
4. LIÊ NG/4 also reported that she and received three short notes from
LIRING/3 mailed from the prison where he is being detained. She stated
that she was reassured by these letters that L/3 is in ressonably good
bealth, despite the fact that he and his fellow arrestees were not given
any food for nine days following their arrest on 13/4/68.
5. LIÄING/4 stated that she had talked to LINING/2 after his return from
FBRUMEN and found him very suntanned and thinner. 1/2 told her that he
had been cutting cane and had gotter engaged to a local woman while he was
"on vacation". L/2 stated that he most probably would remain in Eexico
through the Clympics, although he did not state when he planned to get
married. L/2 ropretted that he and his office could not help 1/4 financia)
ly, but he encouraged 1/4 to visi4 REIce whenever she wished.
14-00000
SECRET
6. LIRING/4 also told Roten that she had managed to find a suitable-
apartment in the Edificio Condesa, letra 1,46, for 1,100 pesos per month,
throug her friend, Blanca Peña,who lives in apartment 2 of letra 0. She
added that she had overcome the problem of the fiador by applying to a
Br. Huñoz who advertised in the newspaper and provided her with a certain
sra. Gloria Beltréa, Calle Fajin 27,Col. Naverte (at a fee of 330 pesos).
She also stated that she has already given the administrator of the edi-
ficio Condesa at 300 peso "cratificación" to hold the apartent until she
can arrange the Plador contract.
7. Horton then suggested that 11-ING/4 right consider making her trip to
PBRUNER in the near future since it appeared to him an ideal time. L/4
replied that, although she felt obliged to make the trip'in view c² her
previc s commitment to kowton, she felt it premature. She stressed her co.
1/s, commenting that she was the only
person who could be counted on to correspond with hin, and that such cor-
respondence from BMX would be very difficult and slow. Heston then
suggested that perhaps 1/4 might be able to obtain a visa to visit 1/3
for a short time to discuss with his the desirability of the trip and ar-
range to provide him with paints and canvasses. L/4 agreed that this woul
ease her mind and permit her to make the trip to PBRUMEN with less concer
but she wondered whether a trip to Guatemala, provided, of course, that sh
could get the visa, right possibly make matters worse for 1/3 since L/4
would have to travel on her PBRUHEN passport. Roston agreed with this
and su gested the following: (a) / write immediately to the Mexican Con-
sul asking him his opinion and requesting him to check it out with L/3;
(b) L/ discuss the matter sconest with 1/2, explaining that she has de-
cided to make her trip to PRÄCKEN during 1/3's imprisonment but that she
hoped to visit him before leaving Mexico. 1/4 agreed and aided that she
would invite L/2 to dinner at the home of Blanca Peña (de Amand) where sh
was currently staying as a house guest.
i
8. Howton stressed that he did not wish under any circunst Lees to "force
1/4 to make the trip to EUMEN,but he felt the time cost oprørtune and
he was not in a position financially to assist L/4 to any significant de-
gree if she remained in Mexico. Howton added that he failed to see how L/4
could earn enough in any "unofficial" job she might obtain. 1/4 agreed to
think the matter over and give Roston her decision at their next meeting
scheduled for 1300 on 20/5/68.
SEC
Wallece B. Roston
14-000003
1
Subject:
ས
SECT
20 May, 1965
ZIRING/4 Report of Conversation with LINING/2.
1. At 1300 on 20 Hay, 1968, SI±ING/4 reported to Howton at the Pusto
Blanco restaurant that she had seen LIRING/2 at the I-IIG offices and,
as instructed by moston, discussed with him her difficult financial
situation resulting from the detention of LIRING/3. She then stated that
she was seriously considering taking her long planned trip to BD,
since there she would be able to resolve the problem of living expcases,
LIKING/C sympathized with her but asked her not to make any rash decision.
He pointed out that although her forary financial problem would be
solved, the moral obligation she had to follow LINING/3's case from as
close to Guatemala as possible would argue in favor of her witing a
little more. DIRING/4 told norton that she felt that LIRING/B as prompted
to say this in light of a comment she had just made to in that a certain
Lic. Castillo, a Guatemalan lawyer affiliated with the Mexican Embassy
in Guatemala City, had gotten in touch with her over the weekend and told
her he had come to Mexico City in connection with LIRING/3's case which.
he was handling at the request of the Embassy. ( LIGING/4 told Horton
that Castillo was staying in roca 104 of the El Presidente Hotel and tist
she talked to him there for about 15 minutes.)
2. LIZING/2 then said that he would do everything he could to find some
sort of work to help I1RING/4 financially. He commented that work in the
LIRING offices proper was out of the question, since the only fer
persoas en-
plyed there now are party nezbers sit from the BAUMEN capital. Ee aided,
however, that he would propose to the LIKING "consejo" that LIRING/4 be
given a position in the outside cultural office. He stressed that he could
not promise anything, but he would do what he could to convince the powers
that be.
3. LIRING/4 promised howton to press ITING/2 for this job since it would
indicate the extent to which the LIRING Chief trusted her and give her
some official access to the establishment, limited though it might be.
SE
W.B. Rowton
14-00000
SECRET
12 June, 1968
:
Subject:
A LACE B. koston Neeting with 1IZING/4.
1. Rowton met with IRING/4 at the Diana Restaurant, Calle Mississippi,
from 1300 until about 1410 on 11 June, 1968. LIRING/4 reported that the
had finally moved into the apartment in the Edificio Condesa with the
few pieces of furniture of the Tacubaya apartment. She stated that she
intended to remain in close touch with her frienȧ Blanca Feña de Anand
and, of course, Catalina Cepero, at whose homes she hoped to be able to
take her main meals. DIAING/4 added that she was still astmepting to
find some sort of work to help her meet her expenses, as well as to find
a person, preferably a FEU student, to rent a room in her apartment.
2. With mogond to suplement TTSTIC/ stated that LIRTEG/2 had told her
"the previous week that his recommendation that she been employed in the
(outside) LIRING cultural office had been turned down and consequently
she had appealed to Mexican friends to help her find employment. She
also told Rowton that she had queried LIRING/2 about FBAUMEN students who
might share her apartment but was told that the only female students (two)
at present in Mexico were studying in Fátzcuaro.
1
3. LIRING/4 continued that she had been receiving letters regularly from
LIRING/3 directly from his place of confinement. She shoved Rowton & For-
tion of one of the letters in which LIRING/3 stated that there were about
2,000 prisoners in all and that he feels obliged to share whatever food
he can purchase with the money sent to him by LIRING/4 with six others who
are closest to him and whose relatives cannot provide even the essentials
of a basic diet. According to LIRING/4, LINING/3 has not complained about
what appear to be very difficult conditions but has revealed his constant
fear of physical violence, the threat of which he feels hangs over the
prison. LIAING/4 told howton that she had finally obtained officially no-
tarized statements from the proper Mexican authorities testifying to LI-
RING/3's bona fides as an artist, as requested by the Nexican Consul. She
gave Howton a letter from the latter which requests this information(copy
of which is attached)..
4. LIRING/4, in reply to Rowton's queries, stated that she still hoped to
be able to make the trip to FBRUMEN but could not consider leaving Mexico.
at this time in view of LIRING/3's situation and the fact that she was the
only point of contact he had on the outside. Ruston stapathized with her
but stressed that his ability to help her financially was limited by her
SEC
:
14-00000
2.
SL
performance in terms of the contract between them. Howton resinded
LIRING/4 that he contract bad terminated as of 15,kay, 1968, and could
be extended only on the condition that she would be able to make the
trip. He added that he felt he could pay her for the period 15 May until
15 June, 1952, but that would have to constitute a final payment unless
LIKING/4 could commit herself to future production. Howton added that in
addition he would have to deduct the 1,075 pesos he gave to her as a
travel advance inasmuch as this money was not used for the purpose in-
tended.
i
5. LIKING/4 replied that, much to her regret, she could not make any firm
commitment regarding the trip at the moment. She stated that she was at-
tempting to maintain friendly relations with the LIRING personnel but had
to be contime in the light of Likings's Edmonition to her to avoid con-
tact with the establishment ( "la casa grande" as he described it. She
then stated that she had attended a play on the evening of 7 June at which
she met socially with LIRING personnel in the audience. She added that
LIRING/10 greeted her códially and that she spoke briefly with LIRING/S
and LIRING/13 as well as LIRING/16. LIRING/4 also stated that she had
learned from II.ING/17, who had just returned from an unexpected TDY that
their mutual friend "Echemendia" had been called up on the carpet for
the inferior job he had done during his last commercial mission to Mexico
City. LIRING/4 also reported that she had been given a very brief note
from her friend Yolanda hand-carried by LIKING/17 in which Yolanda wrots
that she as still hoping that LIRING/4 would be able to make the trip.
ROWTON COMMENT: Rowton feels that LIRING/4 will make the trip to PBRUMEN
wit in the next two months or sooner, provided she is assured that LIRING/3
is resigned to his fate and that everything has been done to support his
appeɛl. Roxton has told LIRING/4 that be can give her only minimum financial
support in the future, and that only on behalf of LIRING/3. Rowton feels
that LIRING/4 will have great difficulty supporting herself even on a sub-
sistence level during the next month, and will probably reconsider her
decision regarding the trip. Rowton feels he should not put any direct
pressure on LIRING/4 in the light on her personal situation.
SECRET Wallace B. Howton
i
;

14-00000
:
SECRET
-IMA. DUAR
NAYAS A LA C
ORANGE. URGEVE
NOTE WATA MÁGICA
Bass:
CARLOS
Спа
BLANCA
VIA AIR MAIL
EDIFICIO CONIDIA LETRA"C" DEPTO. 2
AV VERACRUZ V MATERUAĆA
( Etana Ye MATERIALA)
Mexico 11. D.P
SECRET
17
14-00000
Ing. Cetrio K. Ferrame
Cónsul Geveral de alléxico
SECRET
i
Guatemala, 21 de mayo de 1968.
Sra. Miriam Chichay de Jurado.
México, D. 3.
Estimada 3ra:
Me refiero a si grata carta de 17 del actual para in-
formar a Jd. que Carlos se encuentra sin novedad, sujaspects fisico
my evento, pues na sapido asıllar
esta emergencia con filosofía.
Raspecto a su situación, estamos bastante optimistas
pues confiance epliszente en la rectitui del juez. Yå be presenta-
ron tres tesigos de descargo y el el curdo de la presente semana
sa punará declaración a otros dos. Hemos corrido con la suerte de
que para todas las 'diligencies los plazos se han acortado al máximo.
Ni un solo momento lo hemos dejado solo, tanto a él
como a Manuel, pues constantemente se les ha estado visitanio, unas
veces nuestro Encargado de Negocios, otras nuestro abogado asesor g
el suscrito.
Su carta anterior la recibió en propias manos y tambie:
le informé de la tarjeta que d. me puso.
Tanto la Sra. Harcué de Persabal, como la esposa d
Manuel, los estuvieron visitanio casi a diario durante su estancia
en ésta.
No les ha faltado main pues la 3a. “arcué dejó 175 dola-
res para que se les estuviere proviendo de lo necesario. Clos
se le llevó un block para dibujo que pidió y se les llevan periodi-
camente cigarros, etc.
su carta.
El jueves iré a verlos de nuevo y ya le informaré de
No creo que sea necesario que venga Ud. pues puede
tener la seguridad de que estamos haciendo todo lo que está a nues-
tras manos por resolverles su situación a la brevedad posible. No
sería de lc zalo que esté d. en contacto con la Sría de Relaciones
para estar al tanto del caso, pues estoy informando constantemente
del curso del proceso. Creo que será cuestión de más o menos tiempo
pero tengo confiana en que todo se resolverá favorablemente.
Por conducto de la esposa de Manuel le cavi recado
que sería conveniente enviara una constancia de Bellas Artes abonan-
do la condus de su sposo y que este documento lo llevara a legali-
zar ante el Consulado de Guatemala en México (Vallarth 1) pues
ayudaría mucho para probar su solvencia moral.
SECRET
AVN
14-00000
:
SECRET
Perdóneme si con anterioridad no le había informado, pero
consideré que era innotesc celo mientras no se tuviera
algo contrato como es la declaración de los testigos de descargo.
Tenga confianza y calma que estamos viendo éste caso
con profundo interés y simpatín.
Le ruego saludar de mi parte a mi buen amigo Daniel
(su suegro) de quien hace ciempo no tento noticias y decirle que
su amigo de Arriaga lo recueria con afecto.
Procuraré tenerla informada y quede/escribirme cuantas
veces lo desee.
Suyo afmo. atto. y S. S.
SECRET
1
Clans uda:
SECRET
Citas mo at
pricesja muidh; ¿
As in
points qui
slape pansits
novela de
la comida de
face
mino ya te
Infot Blond l
Sianón Na čun
(SECURE FUERE LA
So front:
indami dicis (come t
4
Bilbo) a la provin is die direct amunic
mudhhey au ya mmbre. 
Teda
la Comesprained lost incurada.
Lei la resta au mandante al Comut.
NO SE TE OCURRA POR NINGUN MOTIVO
SALIR DE MEXICO.
que
Recibe Todo
Carlis
mica
претхо
SECRITI
14-00000
1. Agent:
1
LIBING/4
SEC.
CONTACT REI 128
18 Juce, 1968
2. Date and Site of Meeting:
1300,18/6/60; Diana Restaurant.
3. Date and Site of Next Meeting: 1030, 20/6/66; Diana Restaurant.
-
very
4. Information/Reports Passed by Agent: LIRIK/4 reported to Horton that she
had received two distressing letters from 11HING/3 complaining
about the miserable conditions under which he is living
meager food, unsanitary quarters, and the constant fear of physi-
cal violence. LIRING/4 showed Roston a paragraph of one of the
letters in which LIRING/3 asks her to appeal to the "socic" to
influence the judge by a gratificación of 100 quetzals so that
he sould dismiss one case when it finally came to trial early
the following month. LISING/3 stated that the judge to be in-
fluenced was a certain Juan Sanchez, Cficial Tercero del Juz-
gado Cuarto de Primera Instancia. LIRING/3 added that he felt
there was no other solution, since it had become evälent that
the Mexican Imbassy could do nothing to speed up the final re-
lease and that if Roxton could not intervene, anything. could
happen.
IIMING/4 also reported that she had been asked by LIKING/9 to
see him the next day (19/6/68) at his office. She did not know
the purpose of the invitation, but assured LINING/ŷ wanted to
be briefed on the latest developments in the LIRING/3 case.
I
"
5. Information/Guidance Given to Agent: Rowten sympathized with LINING/4 in
her distress over the desperate situation being faced by LIZING/3
but stressed that intervention on his part was not as easy as
LIHING/3 might think. He pointed out that since LIKING/4 to date
had not been able to zake the SHINEN trip he could not ask his
own colleagues in Europe to intervene through their Guatemalan
government contacts and that therefore anything that he could
do himself would not be effective. LIIGG/4 did not volunteer
any indication of her intention regarding the trip, and Korten
felt he could not press her in view of her frame of mind at the
time. He suggested that they meet again after LIRING/4 talked
with LIRING/9 in the hope that the latter might make some in-
portant comments on the case.
SEC
•
Rowton
14-00000
Subject:
SECR
9 July, 1968
Wallace B. Rowton Meeting with LIRING/11.
•
1. After several days of attempts by Rowton to met with LIRING/11 in
the vicinity of his (LIRING/11's) residence ( which is about six blocks
frog Rowton's home) Howton finally succeeded at about 1600 on 5 July, 1968.
2. Rosbon hadchecked the home address of LIRING/11 about 1550 that day
and when he had found that LIRING/11's car had not beeen parked in front,
hailed a cab passing in the opposite direction. As an after-thought, however,
Royton neked the cab to go round the block on the off chance that he might
catch LIRING/11 approaching his home from the intersection of Gutenberg and
Ejercito Nacional. Fortunately just as Rowton's cab approached LIRING/11's
apartment house, he spotted LIRING/11 alighting from his car in front of
the building. Howton stopped the cab and ran over to greet LIRING/11.
3. LIRING/11 although obviously surprised at seeing Rowton in that area,
responded cordially. Rowton alleged that he had been in Switzerland and
Canada most of the time since he had last seen LIRING/11, and to his regret
had lost contact withth mutual friends;LIRING/3 and Iden A. Roston continued
that he had written LIRING/3 at least five letters from Europe had not
received any answer, and had found that he had moved from his Atoyac address
as well as his Tacubaya studio. LIRING/11 did not volunteer any information
concerning the whereabouts of LIRING/3 but immediately gave Howton the news
that Iden A was working at a sort of night club (giving the name and street,
on which it was located.)
ht.
4. Rowton then said that he had hoped to be able to invite LIRING/11 to-lunc
but he had to take a short trip to Nuevo Laredo to attempt to arrange for the
purchase of a car. (This was thrown out as bait in view of a comment
by LIRING/4 that LIRING/11 was scheduled to return PCS and would have to
sell his car). LIRING/11 did not react to this, simply suggesting that Rowton
get in touch with him as soon as Rowton returned.
5. Rowton then returned to the waiting cab and continued his trip, taking
the opportunity to mention to the driver in the course of conversation that
he vas a businessman from Europe (Switzerland) who often visited Nexico.
SECRET will overs
૩૬).
Wallace BRowton
✓
8.11.264
14-00000
SEC
9 July 1968
Subject:
LIRING/4 ecrt of activities.
1. Howton met with 10/4 at 1000 on 8 July, 1968, at the Sears Restaurant
on insurgentes, Fe had not seen her for the previous ten days because of
his leave (20/6/50-5/9/65).
2. HIKING/4 reported that an old friend, Iden A, had arrived the previous
week from the
capital, and that she had seen him several times pricr
to his moving to Cuernavaca. She commented that Iden was divorced and
lived alone ( his life having been a notorious acdel of loose morals). She
added that his apparent ore is 40, on thit he must have political influ-
ence since he obtained a six-month exit permit following the invitation of
Siqueiros.
1
3. LIKING/4 then related that she received a message early in the previous
week that Iden i was trying to get in touch with her and she accordingly
went to the IING offices on 27/6/68 to find Hs address. When she entered
the office of HIRING/9, she found it crowdei and was on the point of leaving
(after getting the address of Iden A) When HIRING/9 approached her and asked
her to take a ride in his car so that he could "chat "with her. IIRING/4
told hoston that she assumed that IHING/9 Jas enroute to one of the Secre-
tariats in a rush and had asked her to accompany him to that he could save
time by talking to her to the way. She was therefore surprised when he drove
her to the Vaca begra én Insurgentes and later returned with her to the offic
4. According to MINING/4, LIKING/9 asked her routine questions as to how she
was making out living as she was on her own. LINING/4 relied that she was
doing the best she cold to raise enough money to survive, through part-time
work arranged by Sra. Chumaceira of Artes ¡lasticas, the sale of some of
LIRING/3's paintings and financial help from her father (all of which is
partly true). She then asked LINING/9 for a "loan" to tide her over the week-
end, to which he responded with a 100 peso 111. TING/9 consented that
things were going well with his office financially as a result of the increa-
sed fees. He dropped the figure $5,000 (US) as receipts for the previoss mont
LIRING/4 asked äoſton for his opinion as to why DINING/9 would take off an
hour or so on such a busy day to drive her around town, commenting that she
herself could not understand his motives. She aid not get the impression
that be war interested in her personally" since in that case he would have
invited himself to her apartment to asked her out to dinner in the evening
SECRET
3. Howton replied that he assumed that LANG/9 had received some port of
14-00000
SECF IT
2.
official request from his superiors to determine the conditions under
which IG/4 was living as well as her general attitude following the
arrest of PAG/3. HG/4 promised to continue to see LIRING and
her other LIR NC friends as often as possible, but stressed that she could
not tarcy herself at them without attracting undue attention.
6. LINING/4 then continued that when she finally get in touch with Iden A
he was scat cordial, inviting her for a trip to Cuernavaca, and expressing
concern for the welfare of DG/3. Iden A commented to IIRILG/4 that be
had arrived from the
capital with only twenty Mexican pesos which he
had left from a trevicus trip and that he would have to count or the reze-
roaity of Siqueiros for His living expenses during his anticipated three-
month star in Mexico. HIRING/4 tcld dewton that she felt certain that
she could not as yet determike wasther
TA¬¬
A was not a 27
or not her was pro-regine. She explained that at their first meetings ahe
felt it best to steer clear of politics and let Iden à do the talking. LI-
SING/4 added that she expected to see Iden & whenever be cand to sexico City
and if and when she herself could take a brief trip to Cuernavaca (if Howton
felt that recessary).
7. LIRING/4 then asked bather Howton had been able to arrange sole sort of
intervention with the judge who would preside over the court in LIRING/3'8
case. Aben Roston replied that he had asked some of his friends to inform his
as to the status of the case, she commented that IdeL B had offered to do
what he could since he bɛd close friends exong the Guatemalans. Rewton sugge:
ted that LIRING/4 get in touch with Iden B again and find out as any detail:
as possible concerning the channels he would use both in Mexico Cit and Guat
mala City. HIRING/4 explained that at that point all she knew was that Iden :
whom she described as an active member of the CF Nexico, had a close friend
among the Guatemalan exiles and that this friend could forward bribe snay
to the judge through his family in Guatemala City. 17110/4 promised souten
that she would try to meet with this Guatemalan to get details from him.
8. LIRING/4 also reported incidentally that HlaING/16 bad left PCS and that
her friendntle wife of LILING/17, las planning to go on hose leave in the
near future. She added that she thought that lIKING/16's replacement was
a bit "tonto". LIAIRG/4 also mentioned that she had learned from iden å that
Iden Cohad been forced to take "incefinite leave" from her job and wheib
was tantmount to dismissal.
}
SECRET
Wallace B. Rowton'
14-00000
SECT
9 July,1968
Subject:
LINING/4 Report of Activities.
Iden à is Orlando Suarez, Director de Cultura.
Iden 3 is Arturo Serrano.
Iden C is Mercedes Morales.
Wallace B. Royton
SECRET
:
}
14-00000
SECT
12 July,1962
Subject:
LIAING/4 Report of Activities.
1. kowton met with LIRING/4 at a safercom of the Suites Marne for about
two hours on the morning of 10 July and again on 12 July, 1968. Rowton
attempted to clarify his position for the future with LIKING/4, as well
as LIBING/3. He stated that he was doing the best he could to determine
the probable outcome of the case of LIRIN /3, and stressed that any preci-
pitous intervention, even if could be arranged, might do more harm to LI-
HING/3 than good at this point. LIMING/4 confessed that her only concern
at the moment was somehow to get HIRING/3 out of prison and back to Mexico.
She adritted that it was hard for her to be concerned about the future.
particulerly about either ner or II-ING/3's usefulness to Horton, in view of
what had happened to him. She said that she felt he had sacrificed enough
during his three month imprisonment in such a "horrible" place, and that
Rowton should himself "influence" the judge to speed up the formalities and
issue & verdict simply expelling LIRING/3 and his companion. She did not
see any other solution in view of the inability of the lexican Consulate to
arrange the release.
2. In reply to Roston's query, LIRING/4 stated that she had seen Arturo
Serrano of the CP Mexico during lunch at his home on 10 and 11 July, 1968,
and that the latter had told her that he would arrange for the 100 Quetzal
bribe to be transmitted to the fudge concerned via the CF Mexico and the
CP Guatemala. He added that, of course, the bribe would finally be offered
by a person in Guatemala completely clean of any Cr ties. LIRING/4 continued
to Rowton that she then alleged to derrano that she would telephone her father
at once so obtain the money. Serrano suggested that a letter or telegran
might be more advisable, at which LIRING/4 wrote a letter to her father in
his presence and accepted an offer from his to accompany her to the post
office to mail the letter at once. LIRING/4 told hoston that in fact she
does not expect any further finacial help from her father (who is unwitting
of LIRING/3's situation) since he is very ill with cancer of the throat and
in no position to help her at this time.
3. Roston then expressed to LIZING/4 his doubts that the bribe would work
but he agreed that it might be worth trying, particularly through Serrano.
Howton added that if this did not war would be only one alternative.
howton, through his contact in Europe, might be able to approach the Guate-
Balans on a level higher than the judge and offer to supply ther with
:

14-00000
information on the Guatemalan rebel activities in PERUMEN.' This would
of course necessitate II-INC/4's travelins to BAUEN and remaining there
at least two months to obtain such information. Roston felt morally certain
that through this offer he could arrange for a mild sentence for LIKING/3
f:sibily 6 months, three months of which he has already served) and
subsequent expulsion to Mexico.
4. LIRING/4 took this proposal very seriously, at first expressing revulsion
at the thought of providing information that would cost probably mean the
arrest and execution of revolutioneries who might be the subject of her report.
but subsequently accepting the ides, when assured by Rowton that he himself
would control the dissemination of such information. Roston stressed that he
was presenting this proposal on his own so thei be coula một het
action. Howton added that even if this were acceptable to the Guatemalan
authorities, the release of LIRING/3 could not be expected for several months
this is until III:G/4 had accomplished her mission in IBRUMEN, although his
living conditions might be improved by rezoval to another prison (if such
existed) where he could be treated more humanely.
Rowton Comment: Rowton made the above proposal to LIRING/4 to determine her
true attitude toward the release of LIRING/3 and to establish stronger con-
trol over her in the event she does make the trip.
Rowton feels that it might be feasible for Guatemala liaison to arrange the
eventual release of LIMING/3 or at least to speed up the formalities (in the
event that it is planned to issue a stiff sentence) in exchange for the
alleged recruitment of LIMING/3's wife who could be sent to PERUMEN for the
collection of information of interest not only to #CFIRM but also Guatemala.
This would, of course, blow LIRING/4 to the Guatemalans, but this might be
the only sciution if LIRING/3 is given a long prison term.
SECRET
wallace B. Rowton
14-00000
lections to
atta meat Filich-in Fian
17 July.1968
ILLICH
2017-817833
SEC-1
I
Subject:
LIPING/4 Report of howton Affiliation with :CFIRM.
1. Rosten met with llRING/4 at the Duca D'Este tea shop from 1200 until
about 1245 on 15/7/68. LIRING/4 stated that she had again spent the week-ord
in Cuernavaca with Orlando Suarez, staying at the Casino de la Selva with
her daughter in a room of an artist friend of Suarez (who had gone to Mexico
City for the week-end). She added that she had been to visit the CIDCC
(Centro Internacional de Documentación) again with Crlendo Suarez and was
impressed by its extensive library as ell as the leftist orientation of
its staff. The recalled the name of the director as Larry Green and one
other northamerican McGregor (fru) from the University of Fuebia. The said
that she learned in the course of conversation that a group of the students
(nnaathi- tan {a anaham) had boom
to
1
van
government there (LIRING/4 said that she did not believe that the BLUMEN
consulate was as yet invloved). HIRING/4 also commented that Crlando Suarez
had been invited to give a lecture on FBRUM culture (for a fee of 200
pesos) although as yet the date had hot been determined.
1
2. LIRING/4 then stated that she had again visited the home of Arturo
Serrano of the Mexican CP and that on this occasion Serrano's
Fife pad
told her that he had succeeded in locating Rodolfo Reyes and had told him
about the current financial plight of LINING/4 and urged him to help her
if hee could. Serrano's wife continued that Reyes then remarked: "I won't
help her until I find out on what side LIRING/3 is. If he's with "El Griego
'I won't help since the G-2 of LINING told me that they suspect him of being
with #OFIRM, although they have no proof ("datos"). They also think he's an
arms smuggler." Serrano's wife added that Reyes concluded with the state-
ment that if it turns out that LIRING/3 acted on his own, then be sbuld
personally go to the LIRING Chief and have him request the President of
Mexico to intervene.
3. LIRING/4 stated that although these comments of Rodolfo Reyes were ap-
parently not taken seriously by Serrano or his wife (Serrano at this same
cócasion of Frred again to pass bribe money to the CP Gustezala via the CF
Mexico), she herself was badly shaken and angry with Reyes whom she describeć
as a homosexual gossip, worse than a woman. She stated that she intended to
tell LIRING/9 that Rodolfo Reyes owed her money for the use of
her telephone
to call the BRUMEN capital several months previously and had never paid her
kowton agreed that this world not serve to collect the badly nood--
money but also dispel any notion Reyes might have that Roste
the telephone call.
#.B. KOWton
14-00000
"
SECKET
18 July, 1968
Subject:
LIHIN 1/4 Report on CIDOC, Cuernavaca.
1. Horton saw LIRING/4 again briefly at 1000, 18/7/62,at the Ducal
d'Este tea shop, to paso her 500 pesos to forward to LIMING/3 with
vitamins.
2. LIR.NG/4 reported that she was continuing to see Crlando Suares
and hoped to ascertain the exact date when he would be giving the
lecture at CIDCC in Cuernavaca. In reply to Howton's queries, she i
stated that she had first gotten in contact with CIDOC through Prof.
Jerjes Aguirre, whom she and LAING/3 had known in PERUMI where
Aguirre had spent some six years (part of the time at the University
which IIBING/4 had herself attended). LINING/4 continued that Aguirre
had recently mentioned to her at a chance meeting that he was giving
a series of lectures at CIDCC and was being well paid (125.00 US) per
lecture. when IING/4 met Asuirre again in Cuernavere he intuiffe
der to the director, a certain Larry Green, and to an American Frof
McGregor, who both invited her, LIRI. C/4. to give & lecture on
women.
3. LIRING/4 told Roston that, although she was interested in the compen-
sation she felt totally unqualified, and took the ccasion of Crlando
Suarez' visit to introduce him and recommend that he give a lecture.
Orlando Suarez jumped at the chance to make sore money to supplement
the meager allowance doled out to him by Siqueiros, and is prepared to
give the lecture when a definite date is set.
i
4. LIRING/4 continued that when she casually mentioned this developezta
to the wife of Arturo Serrano ( Ruth), the latter exclaimed: "Ch, don't
you know that CIDCC is just an instrument of WOFIRM. You might as well
recommend Crlando to the PERIME Embassy here." LIRING/4 was shocked by
this and after reflection thought is best to repeat the comment to
Crlando Suarez. She did this when he visited Mexico City on 15-16 July
(and stayed at her apartment). Suarez' only comment was that such people
as Ruth Serrano were "sectarian" and whether CIDCC was with „OFIEN or
not did not bother him.
JOPIAN
5. IIHING/4 also commented incidentally that Ruth Serrano was escorting
a group of French journalists from L'Humanité" around town and that she
had com lained to iIHING/4 that she had been given only 200 pesos by the
CP Mexico to cover the expenses (fijstel). L/4 recalled that uth rano
had mentioned that these Frenchzen had been to PBRUM and were planning
to return very shortly.
SE
Wallace B. Rowton
14-00000
+3
&
20 July, 1968
Subject:
Wallace B. kowton Recontact with RODOLFO REYES.
1. Rowton met Rodolfo Reyes at about 2230 in the dining room of the
Vendimia Restaurant and night club (60 calle Liverpool) by design on
15 July, 1968. Rowton had previously been informed by LIRING/11 that
Reyes was currently working at the Vendimia and felt that he should
meet Reyes again to pass along the story that he had given to LIRING/11
that he was unable to locate LIRING/3 or LIRING/4 in the hope that Reyes
would disclose LIRING/3's arrest.
2. As soon as Rowton met Reyes the latter invited him to a corner table
with what appeared to be superficial cordiality. He asked howton how be
had located him and appeared a little surprised when Rowton sejid that
LIRING/11 had given him hthename of the night club and the address. Rowton
then alleged that he had been away for the past three months in Switzerland
and Canada and just the previous week in Monterrey and Nuevo Laredo trying
to buy a car (Rowton had given the same story to LIRING/11). Rowton continueć
that when he returned he had been unable to locate LIRING/3 or his wife and
that they had not replied to his letters from Europe.
3. Reyes then revealed that LIRING/3 had been arrested in Guatemala and
charged with the murder of three men! Rowton feigned surprise, shock and
fear at this news. He told Reyes that this might have serious consequences
for his commercial contacts, whose names LIRING/3 might reveal as well as
for himself. Reyes then said he thought LIRING/3 was very stupid to get
himself arrested in such a country where anything can happen inside as well
as outside of jail. In reply to Rowton's query Reyes stated that LIRING/4
was probably in PBRUMEN.
4. When Rowton remarked that he could not believe that LIRING/11 had refused
to tell him the news about LIRING/3, Reyes replied that it was quite possible
that LIRING/11 did not know about it, especially since he, Reyes, had just
leanred about it some three days previously. At this point the conversation
was interrupted by the arrival at the table of a negro choreographer and
his (white) Mexican wife, who appeared to be close friends of Reyes. Rowton
sat with them through the floorshow and in the course ɗf conversation Rowton
discovered that the negro was a Cuban who had emigrated to Mexico some
fifteen years previously. Neither he nor his wife appeared to be interested
in politics. They both seemed dedicated to his career in Bellas Artes.
SECRET Wallace B. Rowt
i
14-00000
CONTACT REPO. T
23 August, 1968
1. Agents LIKING/4
2. Date and Sito of Heeting:
3. Next Mooting:
1700, 21/8/63 and 1500, 22/8/68; Stuites
Marne.
1000, 28/8/08; Duca d'Este coffeeshop.
4. Information/Re, orts iassed by Agent:
:
i
LIRING/4 stated that she had been doing her best to get Mexican
leftist writers and artists to show interest in LIRING/3's
caso by sending telegrams und letters to the Guatemalan govern-
ment urging his prompt release. She shound Dayton the article
in Sucesos which she claimed credit for (attached beresith)
but did not appear to have any knowledge of the notice in the
5 August edition of the News, commenting that it must have been
picked up from articles she had planted in other Mexican popsers
LIRI:G/4 reported that she ad purposely avoided direct contact.
with the LIRING office, especially during the student demon-
strations, since it appeared to be closely watched by the local
police. She stated that she was maintaining some contact, how-
ever, through her friendship with Iden A, who called on her
whenever he came to Nexico City and on occasion stayed at her
apartment overnight. She added that Iden A generally stayed at
the apartment of LIKING/2 when he was in town although he com-
mented to her that he felt he was imposing on LAING/2 and his
roomates in the already led quarters. LIRING/4 added that
Iden A informed her that LIRING/9 had returned to PBRUMEN AND
was remaining there during the student unrest in order to
protect himself", implying that LIRING/9 had been in direct
touch with some of the student leaders and could not afford to
compromise himself and his office by his physical presence in
Mexico City during the demonstrations.
In reply to Ro'ston's query, !INING/4 stated that although Iden &
appeared to be quite liberal in his views and mixed easily with
all sorts of people he ran into, he was definitely a "revolu-
tionary" at heart and she assumed loyal to the present 1 BACKEN
GOVERNMENT.
LIRING/4 aslo reported that she hoped to persude and influentia:
lawyer from Chiapas to travel to Guatemala City on her behalf
14-00000
2.'
to investigate LIRING/3's case and possibly influence
the judge in his favor. She added that she was quite
sure that the lawyer, who was a personal friend of LIRING/3,
would take the case without a fee, but she felt obliged to
offer to cover his expenses. Rowton suggested that she talk
this over with the family of Iden 3 who would also benefit
from any success the lawyer might have.
5. Administrative:
LIRING/4 told moſton that she had spent a "considerable"
amount of money ( Q310 300 pesos) in talas, pq stampo
and vitamins for LIRING/3 since his arrest. She stated that
she was able to survive and meet these expenses by supplementing
the money giver to her by Rowton through the sale of works
produced by LIRING/3 and sent to her periodcially. Routon asked
LIRING/4 to keep account of such incidental expenses, since be
felt it better to charge these items off as operational ex-
penses rather than to continue to charge money given to her on
LIRING/3's behalf simply as "sorvicios".
Wallace B. Howton
i
14-00000
SEC
23 August, 1968
Iden A:
Orlando Suarez
Iden B:
Carlos Perzabal
URR
Wallace B. Rowton
SECRET
14-00000
:
Por
AZOR
SUCESOS
Y SUCEDIDOS
Carlos Perzabal, catedrá
tico de la Universidad de
México, y Carlos Jurado
Delmar, destacado pintor
do
la cacería de brujas ir.stau-
rada en Guatemala con ex-
tremos que llegan al absur-
do.
Los dos mexicanos están
propiamente secuestrados
por las autoridades guate-
maltecas desde el 15 de
abril del año en curso. Se
les hacen una serie de car-
gos dignos de la mentali-
dad de un mosquito. Desde
luego, como es costumbre
en estos casos, cuatro me-
ses después de su ilegal
aprehensión ni siquiera han
sido puestos a disposición
de un juez que los juzgue.
El licenciado Antonio Ca-
rrillo Flores, nuestro secre-
tario de Relaciones Exterio-
res, ha venido interviniendo
en defensa de estos infor-
tunados compatriotas, pero
hasta ahora sus gestiones
oficiales no han sido aten-
didas debidamente por el
gobierno de Guatemala.
Para que usted, lector,
tenga idea del atropello in-
calificable de que son vic-
timas los dos mexicanos,
publicamos copia de la car-
ta que Carlos Jurado Del
mar y Carlos Perzabal diri-
د.
Comisión de Derechos Hu-
manos de la ONU:
Comisión por los Dere-
chos Humanos.
ONU.
Por este medic nos diri-
gimos a ustedes, pidiéndo-
les su intervención en nues
tro caso.
El dia 13 de abril de
1968, mientras nos dirigía-
mos pacíficamente a la Re-
polica del Salvador y Hon-
duras, fuimos detenidos con
luo de violencia por ele
mentos del Ejército de Gua-
temala, en un lugar llame-
do E Cable" a cuatro ki-
lómetros escasamente de la
frontera de México con
Guatemala denominada "La
Mesilla".
De ahí, llevados a un lu-
par llamado "Buenos Ai-
res
donde permanecimos
por una noche sujetos a for-
tures fisicas y morales. Al
dia siguiente fuimos condu-
cidos en un avión (No. 540)
de la FAG a la ciudad capt
tal, donde quedamos encar-
celados en el 20. Cuerpo de
la Policía Nacional, sujetos
también a torturas fisicas y
morales que hicieron v ha
can poligrar nuestra vida.
Tan obvio es el error co-
metido con nosotros, que a
pesar de que nuestra de
tención se llevó a cabo des-
de el dia 13 de abril, como
puede ser probedo fácil
mente con testigos presen-
ciales y desde entonces
mantenidos en prisión, el
gobierno guatemalteco nos
acusa de haber sido deteni-
dos el día 17 del mismo
mes, en las calles de la ciu-
dad. Repartiendo propa-
ganda subversiva!! Incon-
gruencia mayor no cabe en
ninguna mente que se pre-
cie de normal.
Desde el día 26 de abril
de 1968 fuimos confinados
al campo de concentración
de Pavón, mal llamado
"Granja Penal". Donde las
condiciones de vida para
los reclusos y la violencia
al que están sometidos, son
espeluznantes como puede
ser fácilmente .comprobado
por la H. Comisión de los
Derechos Humanos.
Hemos sido sujetos a un
"juicio que el gobierno
guatemalteco alarga delibe.
adamente con el único pro-
pícito de rubrio es moona u
a la vez perjudicarnos; por
esto y sobre todo por com
siderar en grave peligro
nuestra integridad fisica,
pedimos la rápida interven.
ción de la H. Comisión de
los Derechos Humanos pa-
ra que se exija nuestra in-
mediata libertad.
Atentamente, Cárcel de
Pavón, Guatemala, Julio 68.
Carlos Jurado, Pintor
Miembro del Salón de la
Plástica Mexicana
Carlos Perzabal, Catedrá
tico de la Universidad de
Méxica
!
El actual ministro de Re-
laciones Exteriores de Gua
temala, licenciado Emilio
Arenales Catalán, ha sido
mencionado varias veces
como candidato a presidir
la Comisión de Derechos
Humanos de la ONU. Ojalá
no espere a obtener ese
cargo para intervenir en es.
te caso, que según parece
es de su especialided.
CARLOS JURADO DEL.
MAR, secuestrado por las
autoridades quatemaltecas
LIC.
ANTONIO
LLO FLORES en defensa de.
Ax moviranne on deanmaria
CARRL
CARLOS PERZABAL,
cuestrado por las autorida
14-00000
29 August, 1968
:
:
1. Agent:
LIKING/4
1000, 28/8/68; Duca d'Este Tearoom.
Same time and place, 2/9/68.
2. Date and Site of Meeting:
3. Next Meeting:
4. Information/Reports Fassed by Agent:
1.
LINING/4 informed Rowton that she had run into
LIRING/10 and his assistant, Iden A, the previous
afternoon (27/2/63) at about 1345 at the office of
the director of Siempre, where she had gone in con-
nection with added publicity for HIRING/3. She stated
that TTSTUG/40nted her condfully than m
and asked how she was doing. He seezed genuinely dis-
turbed to hear that things were no better, and com-
mented that he had been hearing about her from time
to time from Iden B, but felt that she should make
ber problems known to the LINING office herself.
when LIRING/4 commented that Iden C had told her and
Iden B that it might be aiser for her to avoid contact
openly with the LIRING office, LIRING/10 brushed this
off, remarking that he felt it would be perfectly al-
right for LINING/4 to come in whenever she felt it
necessary for moral and whatever material help could
be offered.
LINING/4 told Roston that in view of this comment of
LIKING/10, she visited the LIRING office early that same
morning (28/8/63) and found that HaING/2 had returned
from his TDY. She said that LINING/2 greeted her cordi-
ally as usual, but he apparently did not have time to
chat with her on that occasion.
5. Information/Guidance Given to Agent:
Rowton asked LIRING/4 to follow up on her contact with
LIRING/10, especially since he appeared so friendly.
Rowton suggested that 1/4 ask L/10 to appeal to the
Director of Siempre to give L/3's case good publicity.
L/4 promised to do so and commented that L/10 appeared
to be quite chummy with the director and apparently
had a luncheon date with him for that same day.
Wallace B. Rowton
$
14-00000
SECRE
Iden's of LIRING/4 Contact Report
29 August, 1968
Iden A:
Felix Luna Mederos
Iden B:
Orlando Suarez
Iden C:
Jesus Cruz Gonzalez
WPR
Wallace B. Rowton

14-00000
13
B-3.
DISPATCH
Chief, Western Hemisphere Division
FICAL
Chief of Station, Maxico City
SUFLECT
CLASSIFICATE
PROCESSING ACTION
SECRET
K
MARKED FOR NICEXING
NO INDEXING REQUIRED
ORRY QUAFED DESK
CAN JUDGE NDEXING
MICROFARM
PREZHEN: Activities of LIRING-3, LINING-4 May through Mid-September 1968
ACTION REQUIRED - REFERENCES
REF: EDSA 34682, 17 May 1968
Action Required: For your informstise.
1. Forwarded under supersta cover are twelve reports prepered by
Wallace B. ROSTON on the activities of LIRING-3, LIRIK-4, and contacts of
the latter.
p
----
obtain help in getting LIKE-3 out of jail in Guntersle as soon as possible,
LIKING-↳ is almost penniless (RONTON has unde only token payments to her ;
after 15 June) and has been moving from one apartment to a cheaper one living
on the sale of paintings left by LIRING-3 and small loans from !. ftist contacts.
In the hope that she may be able to do something for LIRING-3, LIRING-4 has
resisted all of BONTON's efforts to get her to undertake a classestice missien
to PERUMEH, a mission, as Reséquarters knows, was plamad long ago. As a
foreigner, LIRIES-4 cannot werk in Mexico without taking the chance of being
departed, if caught. Although she has not tried it, she would probably be
refused a visa to go to Customia to visit LIRIED-3. 5 night sino face
difficulties in Sustela including possible detention and interrogation if
she succeeded in obtaining an entry permit to that country.
3. By mid-September 1958 LIRING™4 had received very little halp from
her Merican leftist or outright Commmist friends. In spite of promises to
try to bribe the Guatemalan judge scheduled to try LIRING-3 all imIEC-4's
"Friends" succeeded in doing was to print several articles in the local press
(some of them with LIRING-3's photo) claiming that LIRING-3 mas mjustly
imprisoned, that he was about to be executed, etc. If anything, these
continued..
..
Attachments: 12 reports u/s/e
Bistribution:
CROSS REFERENCE 10
4 Men rots 's/c #2
Orig & 2 - C/BD w/atts
IN 201-818542
| DISPATCH SYMBOL AND NUMBER
DEA - 33502
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
DAZE
Rin
201-795301
26 September 1968
ROS FILE UNDER
201-798301
14-00000
CLASS
BOL AND NUMBER
CONTINUATION OF
DISPATCH
SECRET
EMMA-
35502
3
articles did little to prejudice the Guatemalans in favor of LIRING-3.
As a matter of fact, the latter who succeeded in sending LIRING-4 a few
letters via the Mexican Consulia Guatemala City who comes to visit him in
jail, recently claimed that he was saved from a prison "transfer" by the
Guatemalan army by the arrival of the Mexican Consul, LIRING-3 viewed this
"transfer" purely and simply as an execution attempt.
4. LIRING-4 received even less help from LIRING who told her that
there was nothing it could do to help LIRING-3. LIKING-4, on the advice
contained in one of the notes sent from prison by LIRING-3, kept away from
LIRING and its employees until she met LIRING-10 by accident at the office
of one of the leftist papers en 27 July. LIRING-10 convinced her to resume
her visits to LIRING. That the local PRRUMEs still have doubts about
LIRING-3 despite his imprisonment in Guatemala is indicated by the statements
made by Rodolfo REYES (see RODICH's 17 July report) to the effect that the
latter would not be willing to help LIRING-3 until he found out on what
side of "el griego" (ROWTON under false identity) he was. REYES added that
LIRING suspects the "griego" of WOFIRM comections, although it has no
definite proof of this.
5. Statements such as those made by REYES confirm the Station's belief
that LIRING, upon orders from home, is still attempting to investigate
DEERMES
Cuch atom alan for the dentotan of tha
' ant
attempt, through liaison, to obtain the release of LIRING-3. Such an
attempt, if it leaked, would not only expose LIRING-3 to PBRUMN and
Guatemalan FAR reprisals. it would probably also have adverse repercussions
on ROMTON's security. LIRIHG-11 whom ROWTCH met briefly on 5 July (see
ROWTON's report dated 9 July) said nothing about LIRING-Ĺ's arrest when
ROSTON complained that mail which he said be sent to LIRING-3 remained
222swered. It is also to be noted that REYES, who of course knows that
LIRING-4 is in Mexico, told ROITOH that she was probably in PBRUMEN. This
shows clearly the distrust with which LIRING views ROUTON.
6. LIRING-4 developed close relationship with Orlando *SUAREZ of the:
Ministry of Culture now in Mexico at the invitation of the Mexican Communist
mural painter David ALFARO Siqueiros. By mid-September, in fact, STAREZ
was staying at LIRING-4's apartment although LIRING-4 claimed to RONTOH that
there was no romancing between the two and that SUAREZ used her apartment
because he was too broke to get one of his own. In view of LIRING-4's
assessment of SUAREZ as very leftist and pro-AMTHOG-1 no effort uss unde to
approach hin.
7. Contacts between ROWTOH and LIRING-6 have taken place with decreasing
frequency because the usefulness of LIRING-4 to SOFIEM has sharply decreased
and because LIRING-4 is more and more convinced that ROWTON cannot or will
not help her obtain the release of LIRING-3. In her frantic efforts to do
something for LIRING-3, LIRING-4 has in fact not had any contact with ROWTON
since early September. Unless LIRING-3 is released by the Guatemalan
authorities or receives only a light sentence keeping him in jail only a short
time longer, it is doubtful that LIRING-4 will be of much use to ROSTON and
the Station.
CLASSIFICATION
530
USE PREVIOUS EDITION.
SECRET
for Willard C. CURTIS
CONTINUED
14-00000
3836
PP:
EXIT:
DATE:
ETsikerdanos/jmw
DC/WH/1
7375
26 Sept 68
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
SY
CONS
clurth
J a
SECRET
)
MESSAGE FOR
TOTAL COME:
Be
SECRET
DESTROY
ROUTING AND/CE DITALS SEEN LI
21
'
31
'P
$
518
SETURN TO
EZANCH
FILE RIL
NO INDEX
☐ FRE ON CS FIRE NO.
DIFO:
MD COPY
FILE
face and time fund,
slust/2095, clcs.
c/Fz, c/R/ED
3/11/20
(retarecce number)
26 22 37 z Sep 3
€3
CITE DIRECTOR
3658
(pica)
__
MEXICO CITY, GUATEMALA CITY
BYBAT TIPIC RU
REF:
MEXICO CITY 7335 (IN 99476)*
WH
1. ROWTON RETURN STILL UNCERTAIN PENDING RESOLUTION DEVELOPMENT
ACCESS TO AMCAGE/1.
2. RE LIRING/4, ROWTON COULD SEND MONEY OSTENSIBLY FROM L/4'S
FATHER IN NEW YORK TO BAIL HER OUT OF PRESENT DESPERATE SITUATION,
BUT THIS WOULD BE ONLY TEMPORARY SOLUTION IN ADDITION INHERENT
SECURITY RISKS (FATHER IS REPORTEDLY HOSPITALIZED AND NOT IN
POSITION PROVIDE FINANCIAL HELP AT THIS TIME). L/4'S REFUGE IN
LIRING ESTABLISHMENT, ON OTHER HAND, WHICH ROWTON COULD NOT CONVINCE
HER TO TAKE AS LONG AS HE WAS GIVING HER HONEY, WILL SERVE TO IMPROVE
HER ACCESS AND MAY LEAD TO REPATRIATION. ROWTON FEELS LATTER
EVENTUALITY LIKELY ONLY IN EVENT HIS CONTINUED FAILURE RECONTACT
HER SINCE L/4 WOULD POSSIBLY HAVE NO OTHER ALTERNATIVE. IN THAT
CASE, REBRIEFING AND RESUPPLY S/W PRECLUDED PRIOR DEPARTURE.
COULD DEBRIEF L/4 UPON HER RETURN MEXICO IF AND WHEN LIRING/3
RELEASED FROM PRISON AND CONTACT REESTABLISHED.
BELEASING OFFICER
CS COPY
CODEDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
:
ROWTON
26 Sept 68
201-798301
CHOLAT
Sown.yeding and
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
3.
TUTICATING
OFFICER
COPY HO
ཙ ཝཱ
14-00000-
EXP
BALES
GASLE SECRETARIAT SIĘSERINATION
COUPS
MESSAGE FORA
TOTAL COPIES:
SECRET
☐ CALDE
NO MEDEX
HEPC:
RED COPY
FELR
DESTROY
1
ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
.
.
10
RETURN TO.
BLANCH
FILE REDD
FILE NCS FIRE NO.
:
3. FOR GUATEMALA:
650)
reference Decr.ber;
(date and time fued)
PAGE TWO
CITE DIRECTOR
7
365847
WOULD APPRECIATE RECOMMENDATIONS RE
ADM
POSSIBILITY EARLY RELEASE OF LIRING/3 AND ASSOCIATE FROM JAIL.
AWARE WOFIRM INTEREST MUST BE SHOWN AT HIGH LEVEL BUT Fm Joan
OFFICIALS COULD ALLEGE MEXICAN GOVT INTEREST TO THEIR SUBORDINATES
AS BASIS OF RELEASE.
4. FILE 201-798301.
KYBAT
END OF MESSAGE
William V./Broe
C/WH
GELEASING OFFICER
WH/COG
Da
C/TH/2/Quatenta mi
COORDINATING OFFICEES
SECRET
CHOLY
downgroting an
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.
1. Juchecke
Kaufman
BUTHENTICATING
OFFICES
14-00000
Chal
BECKET
EMMA-35523
50-120-13
30 September 68
1. A. LIRING-3: LIBING-3 is still in jail in
Gusterala.
CEITET
13-14
14-00000
:
*CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL CORES
PERSONT NOTIFIED
SECRET
4361
ROUTING ANCO INTIALS SEEM BY
5
5།།99/
C
(When Frilled in)
12
3
81
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PH Ove to ED
4
ADVANCE COPY
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐
YES ☐ NO
163
2
101
i
DISSEW BY.
ACTION
PER
CLASSITY TO FILE NO
-REF TO FILE NO
FILE RID ☐ RET TO
WH RID COPY...VR
216
FLE.
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIE
RE/AN, WHICG-8, CI, CHOPS,
CE/IC-2 FI, FI/INT-2, CI/OA
SECRET 072243Z AUG 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 6658
GUATEMALA CITY,DIRECT OR
REFS: A. MEXICO CITY 6223 (IN
B. DIRECTOR 16824
47056)
€ AUG 68 66274
1. ROWTON SO FAR UNABLE LEARN MORE FROM LIRING-4 ABOUT HOW
JUDGE SCHEDULED TRY CARLOS (JURADO) DELMAR COULD BE BRIBED OTHER
THAN STATEMENT BY ARTURO (SERRANO) BEREA TO EFFECT THIS TO BE
ARRANGED BY GUAT COMMUNIST PARTY AT REQUEST MEXICAN COMMUNIST
PARTY. PERSON TO MAKE ACTUAL BRIBE, HOWEVER, WOULD NOT BE KNOWN
AS LEFTIST.
2. MEXICO CITY ENGLISH LANGUAGE DAILY THE NEWS" 5 AUG CARRIED
ARTICLE TITLED "MEXICAN ARTIST TO BE EXECUTED". ARTICLE QU
QUOTED
✓ RCP OF INTELLECTUALS INCLUDING PAINTERS, WRITERS, POETS AND
GVT PLANNING EX
"
SCULPTORS TO SAY GUAT 25 6)-,,,& 3/ECUTE JURADO BECAUSE HE
ENTERED GUATEMALA IN HIS CAR FOUR MONTHS AGO AND PICKED UP SOME
HITCHHIKING YOUTHS WHO LATER TURNED OUT BE CONNECTED WITH GUAT
COMMUNIST GUERRILLAS. ARTICLE OBVIOUSLY PLANTED BY LOCAL LEFTISTS
IN EFFORT SPREAD NEWS JURADO ARREST AND DETENTION TO FORCE OFFICIAL
GVT INTERVENTION. ROWTON TRYING ESTABLISH FROM LIRING-4 WHO
* PLANTED ARTICLE.
" WHI₁ fib:
SECRET
LIRING-3
201
ик
K
14.00000
"
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONUNIT NOTIF ED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAS COTES
ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
SECRET
G30,91
CROTONATIC
6
:
(When Filled in;
2
3
7
8
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PRC-43:TED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ 12
.
9
10
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO.
AT.
X-REF TO FILE NO
DISSEM Br
ACTION
FILE RID ☐ RET TC
BRANCH ◎
DESTROY ☐ SIG
FO
RID COPY
FILE VR
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 6658 SE CREI
3. BELIEVE NEWS ARTICLE COULD BE USED TO APPROACH LIAISON
AND ASK FOR DETAILS CH JURADO CASE WITHOUT INDICATING ANY SPECIAL
CONNECTION TO JURADO. SPECIFICALLY, WHAT SENTENCE CAN BE EXPECTED
IN JURADO CASE AND WHEN?
I
4. FOR DIRECTOR: DESPITE SOMEWHAT COOLER RELATIONSHIP WITH
ROWTON AT THIS POINT BECAUSE JURADO SITUATION, LIRING-4 STILL
WILLING GO PBRUMEN AS SOON AS JURADO FUTURE SETTLED, PARTICULARLY
IF HE DEPORTED OR SENTENCED RELATIVELY SHORI JAIL SENTENCE.
SECRET
BI
SECRET
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSCAVUNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
8
SECRET
TOTAL COMES 28 ROUTING AND/OR RATIALS - SEEN BY
GROUP
EXCLUDED FRO
(When Filled inj
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
1
2
6
7
3
8
.
°
10
ADVAN: COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEA ☐ YES ☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO.
X-REP TO FILE NO
26
DISSEM BY.
ACTION
PER
FILE RID ☐ RET. TO
#223
WHT O
INFO
RID COPY
FILE. VA
(TRENCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ BIG.
"RY/AN, C1, C1/009, C1/16 2 F1, F/1052
WH/CO2 8
SECRET 081854Z AUG 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 9326
MEXICO CITY INFO DIRECTOR
REF A. MEXICO CITY 6658 (IN 66274)
B. GUATEMALA CITY 9242 (IN
49331)
C. GUATEMALA CITY 9132 (3592)
LATION POSITION ON LIRING
1. ST 294609,
THAT REPORTED REF B.
Aus 68 IN 670II
073 CASE CONTINUES BE SAME AS
2. DURING LAST QUERY OF LIAISON RE STATUS OF CASE (REPORTED
REF C), LIAISON OFFICER SAID SINCE CASE IN HANDS OF COURT THEY
UNABLE PROBE FURTHER RE OUT COME. BELIEVE ANY ADDITIONAL QUERY, OF
LIAISON WOULD BE CLEAR INDICATION OF SPECIFIC STATION INTEREST
IN LIRING/3.
3. DIRECTOR 16024 (REF B OF MEXICO CITY 6658) NOT RECEIVED
BY GUATEMALA CITY.
SECRE I
BT
Ft: LIRING/3
SECRET
j
14-00000
J
201-798301
Carlos JUHADO was target of LIFEAT coverage on behalf of Cuba section. Coverage
terminated 2 April 68. Name included in list attache to HMMA 35074, 19July68
S
heleng-3
14-000065
46
MESSAGE FORM
TOTAL COPIES:
SECRET
+3
OBIG:
UNIT:
Marvin FrancisMCROFILMED
WH/1/3E04
6924
DATE: 11 July 1968
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
IT26
CONF:
SEB
WH T
JUL 25 1968
DOE PRO. BER.
DEDEX
ED COPY
80
୮
NO BIDEX
1
21
DESTROY
JETO.
☑FILE IN S FILE NO.
BOUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
.
7
.
14
BRANCH
FAR SID
201-798301L
IMPO: <ref 50-9-11- 2018 2942:
(classification)
SECRET
Hmm
HGG
MEXICO CITY INFO GUATEMALA CITY
Fiu
VR
CL
RITAN, C1/115, c/o A
01 01/102
(date and tume hig
11 22 0 6 z Ju. 68
REFS: A.
MEXICO CITY 6223 (IN 47056)*
B.
GUATEMALA CITY 9236 (IN 47690)**
CITE DIRECTOR
11 July 68
ReciPublisher.
Mexico
CIT: тел
(elito)
refare ke number)
DIR
(15576
(aics:
2P
1. HQS FILES INDICATE ARTURO SERRANO IN 1966 WAS DIRECTOR
PCM PUBLISHING HOUSE FONDO DE CULTURA IN MEXICO CITY, BUT THERE NO
DETAILS RE HIS CONTACTS WITH THIRD COUNTRY EXILES OR OFFICIALS. WE
THEREFORE UNABLE COMMENT ON VALIDITY HIS CLAIM TO ASSIST LIRING/3.
2.
-
CONCUR GUATEMALA CITY COMMENT REF B. FEEL LIRING/4 SHOULD
CONTINUE FRESS SERRANO FOR MORE DETAILS HIS CHANNEL TO AND IDENTITY OF
GUATEMALAN OFFICIALS INVOLVED. BELIEVE LIRING/4 AND STATION WILL THEN
BE IN BETTER POSITION TO ASSESS VALIDITY SERRANO CLAIM. SUGGEST LIRING/4
ALSO CHECK SERRANO STORY WITH LEFTIST CIRCLE OF FRIENDS TO ATTEMPT
VERIFY AND EXPLORE POSSIBLE SOURCES OF FUNDS IF FEASIBLE.
Offered help to 201-818542 rc: imprisoned 201798301
ANPFL
ESTR
A3STPACT
INDEY
1
STATION
hering
S
11. July 68
201-798301
and
AUTHENTICATING
OFFICEE
COPY HO.
: 0.50-9-11
B201-818842
RELEASING OFFICER
CS COPY
COORDINATING OFFICERS
| SECRET
CHOUFT
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED.

14-00000
OND
UST
EXT
BAMEI
Marvin Francis:lq
WH/1/3E04
6924
11 Jul 1. PM 08
CARLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
ET.
RECEIVED
RID/ECT
COMP
(classification)
SECRET
(TO MEXICO CITY
MESSAGE FORM
TOTAL COPIES:
SECRET
Jul 27
1
4
BOUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEM OV
.
.
10
SEDEX
DESTROY
☐ RETURN TO
BRANCH
FILE PID
NO RIDEX
CP FILE NO.
DITO!
RED COPY
IKB
(date and time tried)
(ir❤)
(reference number;
15576
CITE DIRECTOR
PAGE 2
7
-
SHOULD NOT ADVANCE LIRING/4 ANY FUNDS UNLESS LIRING/4 ABLE SECURELY
EXPLAIN THEIR SOURCE.
END OF MESSAGE
INDEX SERRANO
-
WH COMMENTS:
*LIRING/4 approached by PM member Arturo SERRANO who
claimed he has contact with Guatemalan exile who could
arrange bribe through relatives in Guatemala to assist
LIRING/3 who imprisoned that country.
**Guatemala City requested more information prior to
commenting on feasibility of bribe offer by SERRANO.
BAV
JW
WILLIAM V. BROS
C/WHD
RELEASING OFFICER
WH/2/G:
Ear
Aquat]
KAUFMAN
C/WH/1
COORDINATING OFFICERS
SECRET
Bud
க்ண
AUTHENTICATING
downgrading and
149.
OFFICER.
REPRODUCTION BY OTHER THAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PROHIBITED
(pica)
14-00000
མ
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOTIFIED
SSIFIED MESSAGE
SECRET
(When Filled in)
TOTAL COPIES
GROUP I
EXCLADES FR
AND
BECLASSIFICATION
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
ADVANCE COPY
☐.
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX: ☐ YES
NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO.
AT.
Z
X-REF TO FILE NO.
19
TING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
6
2
7
3
8
9
10
DISSEM BY.
53
PER
ACTION
WH 8
☑
R:D COPY
FILE RID ☐ KET. TO
INFO:
FILE.
FI/INT 2
BRANCH ☐
+ DESTROY ☐ SIG.
VR. C1, C1/OPS, 11/162, Ci/OA, FI,
SECRET 258185Z MAY 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 5683
GUATEMALA CITY INFO DIRECTOR
REFS: A. MEXICO CITY 5598 (IN 12717)
B. GUATEMALA CITY 9882 (IN 13509)
WHtifule:
LIRING. 3
201
25 Har 6818245
m
1. HECTOR RODOLFO (SANDOVAL) ALEGRIA IS GUAT REBEL WHO
TOGETHER WITH FRANCISCO (LARA) ENGINEERED LIRING-3 AND FRANCISCO
LARA TRIP TO GUATEMALA WHERE NOW INCARCERATED. SANDOVAL SAW
LIRING-4 SEVERAL TIMES AFTER LIRING-3 ARREST AT ONE POINT SAYING
HE MIGHT HAVE TO HOLD UP BANK TO COME TO LIRING-4 ASSISTANCE..
ACCORDING MANUEL (MARCUE) PARDINAS, SANDOVAL ARRESTED 5 MAY SHORTLY
AFTER HIS WIFE RETURNED FROM TRIP TO GUATEMALA. SANDOVAL WIFE
NOW STAYING AT HOUSE OWNED BY MARCUE TOGETHER WITH FAMILY FRANCISCO
LARA.
!
2. IN ATTEMPT COUNTER EVENTUALITY MEXICAN POLICE (ON BASIS
INFO PROVIDED BY SANDOVAL) MIGHT BE LOOKING FOR LIRING-4 FOR
INTERROGATION, STATION HAS ASKED LIRING-4 GIVE UP BOTH APARTMENTS
SHE AND LIRING-3 HAVE BEEN RENTING. LIRING-4 NOW LIVING WITH
GIRLFRIEN BEFORE MOVING SHE RECEIVED VISIT OF MAN WHO DESCRIBED
•
SELF AS LAWYER OF MEXICAN EMBASSY GUATEMALA CITY. LAWYER SAID HE
APPOINTED DEFEND LIRING-3. LIRING-4 HAS RECEIVED FIVE SHORT
SECRET
$
14-00000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOTIFIED
CLASSIFIED MESSAGE
TOTAL COPIES
ROUTING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY
SECRET
(When F lled In)
GROUP 1
EXCLUDED FROM ATT
MAD
1
6
2
7
SECLASSICATION
3
B
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED
4
9
/ ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
INDEX. ☐ YES ☐ NO
S
1
10
:
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO.
DISSEM BY
PER
: ACTION
;
;
;
;
X-REP TO FILE NO.
FILE RID ☐ RET TO
IMFO
RID COPY
FILE.
VR
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
PAGE 2 MEXICO CITY 5683 SECRET
MESSAGES FROM LIRING-3 SMUGGLED FROM JAIL. ONE IN OPEN CODE
SUGGESTED S/W BE PASSED TO HIM. STATION NATURALLY WILL DO NO
SUCH THING.
SECRET
BT
į
SECRET
'
14-00000
CABLE SECRETAPAT DISSEMINATION
PERSON/UNIT NOT FILD
PULASSED MESSAGE
SECRET
TOTAL COMES
GROUP 1
UTING ANDOR INITIALS. SEEN B
6
EXCE
(When Fdled in)
G
2
7
3
8
FERRODUCTION OF THE COPY PROMIBITED
4
9
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
SLOTTED
SC4x ☐ YES ☐ to
5
10
CLASMAY TO FILE NNC
Z
-PE TO FILE NO.
DISSEM BY
ACTION
WH8
PER
FLEGO ☐ PET 10
INFO
RID COPY
FILE.
VR
BRATCH ☐
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
WH/COG 8, CA5, CA/PROP.
01. 41/OPS, 01/102,0/CA, F1, 9/INTZ
SECRET 1621032 MAY 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 2S96
MEXICO CITY INFO DIRECTOR
REF: MEXICO CITY
5548 (11-02571)
5/6may 6811/2603
LIAISON REPORTS THAT PERSAVAL AND LIRING/3 BEING HELD PAVON
PRISON FARM PENDING SENTENCING BY FOURTH JUZGADO DE PRIMERA
CNSTANCIA. ONLY CHARGE IS DISTRIBUTING COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA.
LIAISON SPECULATES THEY WILL RECEIVE LIGHT SENTENCE IF ANY.
SECRET
BT
D
WML file:
LIRING- 3 201
Like
201-798301
Kinh
SECRET
CABLES.
FL-5
ADVANCE
By
DISSEM £
14-02000
CABLE SECRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
PERSONAT NOTIFIED
SIFIED MESSAGE
SECRET
TOTAL CORES
GRO
EXCLANS FIRTI
☑G AND/OR INITIALS SEEN BY
£
S
2
ว
(When Filled inj
BECLASSE CATOO
3
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROHIBITED'
ADVANCE COPY
ISSUED
☐
4
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ NO
5
Z
D
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
BV
DISSEM BY
ACTION
300
√648
☑
X-REF TO FILE NO
FILE RID ☐ REY TO
INFO.
R:D COP
FILE.
VR
BRANCH ☐
DESTROY&G.
WH/COG8 a cife's c/102
CilOA F 5/INTZ DDP ADDP.C500
SECRE I 102305Z MAY 68 CITE MEXICO CITY 5540
GUATEMALA CITY INFO DIRECTOR
PERUMEN
10 MAY 6008570
1
REF: MEXICO CITY 5375 (~98384)
With file:
LIRING. 3
231
1 MALICE MARCHE) PARDINAS INFORMED LIRING-4 8 MAY THAT HIS
SISTER AND DAUGHTER IN LAW HAD SUCCEEDED IN OBTAINING GUAT VISA
AND TRAVELED GUATEMALA CITY IN AN EFFORT TO SEE CARLOS MINUEL
(PERSAVAL) MARCUE IN JAIL. MARCUE SAID SISTER AND DAUGHTER IN LAW
WHO RETURNING WEEK 12 MAY LEARNED PERSAVAL AND LIRING-3SENTENCED
TO MINIMUM TERM OF SIX MONTHS.
E
2. LIRING-4 CURRENTLY EXPLORING POSSIBILITY TRAVEL GUATEMALA
TO TALK TO LIRING-3. STATION IN FAVOR SUCH TRAVEL IF SHE CAN GET
VISA AS LIRING-3 CAN BE EXPECTED URGE LIRING-4G0 CUBA DURING HIS
TERM OF IMPRISONMENT.
3. CAN GUATEMALA CITY STATION CONFIRM LIRING-3 SENTENCE AND
PROVIDE DETAILS.
SECRET
BT
шк
SECRET
K
14-00000
IDMA-34623
10 May 1368
19-120-13/1
201-7983₤1
E. LIRING-3: During this period, LIRING-3
was introduced to members of a Guatemalan exile
BIBLEY OI Als mistress.
LIRING-3 agreed to belp one or more representatives
of this group cross the Guatemalan border. At the
urging of these representatives he also agreed to
most in Guatemala with a woman in charge of logistics
for the FAR movement. LIRING-3 spent the better
part of the period under review manufacturing false
documentation for the Guatemalan exiles. The
Station used the LIEMBRACE surveillance team to
cover some of the asetings between LIRING-3 and
some of his nervous Guatemalan friends. Copies of
photographs taken by the LIEMBRACES of these meetings
were forwarded to the Guatemala City Station and
Headquarters. Due to several postponements, LIRING-3
and his Guatemalan contacts had not left for
Guatemala by the end of the period under revisu.
24
14-00000
27318
def of Station, Dexico City
__-Cráef; Pestori taispere division
thist of state tuatemala City
حمد
Lixin untatis teatralan Avolutionaries in Maice
A-34413, ril 19
e atuala City Station was not reth to Wentify my
of the person dose photograpas more jorratud as an sitachment
to Reference.
Distribution
Dico City
23% Cief, *
2 - tiles
2013749304
Peter MENTA
HGGA-9386
SECRET
3 May 1968
35-9-8
SECRET
201
14-00000
;
CRETARIAT DISSEMINATION
NIT NOTIFIED
SSIFIED MESSAGE
E
2
TOTAL COPIES
SECRET
69303.
LIGLADES FROENTUATIC
(When Filled in)
N
SECLASI
REPRODUCTION OF THIS COPY PROH BITED
COPY
ASSUDD
SLOTTED
INDEX ☐ YES ☐ NO
CLASSIFY TO FILE NO
Z
X-REF TO FILE NO.
PER
WiH 8
FILE RD ☐ RET TO
IN "
☑
AID COPY
FILE
VR
ކ
BRANCH
TING AND/OR INITIALS - SEEN BY,
21
"
3
4
6
"
8
9
10
DESTROY ☐ SIG.
WH/NES 01, C1/OPS, FI,
ECRET 832 12 1Z MAY 63 CITE GUATEMALA CITY 8961
EXICO CITY INFO DIRECTOR
BRUMEN LIRING-3 LIRING-4
3 Nr 5303831
m
WHL file:
lek
EF: MENICU CITY 5423 IN 01169) 201.
E
1. CLAIR TEAM PRETEXT INVESTIGATION CHRRIED OUT TO
CIT
TERMINE OCCUPANTS OF 35 AVENIDA 22-67, ZONA 5 GUATEMALA CI
ITH FOLLOWING RESULTS:
A. OCCUPANTS OF HOUSE ARE TIRZO (FUENTES) SANDOVAL
ORN 19 JULY 1922 AT SAN ANTONIO VILLASECA, DEPT OF RETALHULEU,.
ND HIS WIFE, MARIA DEL MILAGRO (PERALTA) E. DE FUENTES. (NO
TATION TRACES EITHER FUENTES OR WIFE.) BEAUTY SHIP (SALON DE
ELLEZA "LILLIAN") ALSO INSTALLED IN HOUSE, BUT NOT YET ABLE
ETERMINE NAMES OF EMPLOYEES.
B. ESLAIRS HAVE NOTICED 1963 MERCURY WITH GUAT LICENSE
LATES P-31-341 PARKED AT HOUSE ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS. THIS CAR
EGISTERED TO FEDERICO (CALDERON) GALICIA WHO ADDRESS 21 AVENIDA
3-36, ZONA 7. (NO STATION TRACES CALDERON.)
2. ESLAIRS WILL ATTEMPT IDENTIFY ANY OTHER PERSONS
EMPLOYEES
E CRET
BT
--
WHO MAY BE AT ADDRESS.
-->
SERVANTS
SECRET
ше
Kut