Domain: Humanities and Social Sciences — Geography
Target concept: Chemical Weathering: Karst Dissolution in Guilin (Limestone Peak Forest, Conical) vs. Karst Dissolution in Croatia (Limestone Pillar Forest, Columnar)

Video generation prompt: The video first presents the karst dissolution landscape in Guilin, followed by the karst dissolution landscape in Croatia. The focus is on the differences in morphology between these two limestone landscapes.

Evaluation guide:
(i) Target concept: Visual differentiation of two end-member karst morphologies formed by dissolutional weathering of limestone under contrasting environmental controls.
Minimum mechanism: Limestone must be visibly bare or sparsely vegetated; morphology must arise from solutional shaping (not collapse, tectonics, or erosion), requiring smooth, rounded, or vertically grooved surfaces without mechanical breakage signatures.
(ii)Storyline: Frame 1–5: Stable wide shot of Guilin landscape: conical peaks dominate, evenly spaced, soft contours, flat base plane visible. Frame 6–7: Seamless transition (cut/fade/pan) preserving horizon and scale. Frame 8–10: Stable wide shot of Croatian landscape: slender pillars stand in isolation, tall and straight, with deep shadowed corridors between them; ground plane remains level and exposed. Perspective must be consistent (oblique aerial, ~30° angle), no close-ups or rotating views; visibility requires full silhouette definition against sky/ground: no fog, haze, or occlusion.

Manual:
Experimental Procedure
1. Show aerial or oblique view of Guilin karst: clustered, isolated, conical limestone peaks rising from flat alluvial plain.
2. Transition to aerial or oblique view of Croatian karst: scattered, isolated, slender, columnar limestone pillars rising from karstified plateau.
Observation of Experimental Phenomena
- Guilin: conical, rounded, symmetrical peaks with gentle lower slopes and clustered distribution.
- Croatia: tall, narrow, vertically oriented pillars with high height-to-width ratio and wide inter-pillar spacing.
Summary of Experimental Principles
Chemical weathering (carbonic acid dissolution) is the primary shaper of both landscapes, though the resulting morphology differs with climate, lithology, and structural control. Guilin's thick, pure, flat-lying limestone in a humid subtropical climate dissolves broadly across bedding surfaces, rounding isolated blocks into a widespread field of clustered conical peaks rising from a flat alluvial plain. In Croatia's Dinaric karst, dissolution instead concentrates along closely spaced, near-vertical joint sets within thick limestone, producing isolated, slender limestone pillars with a high height-to-width ratio; this fully columnar relief is more localized to specific structurally-controlled sectors of the plateau, rather than characterizing the entire karst region the way conical peak forests dominate the Guilin landscape.

Prompt Grounding rubric:
level_1: No karst landform visuals present; neither Guilin nor Croatia morphology appears; no sequential presentation; no limestone peak forest or pillar forest shown.
level_2: Only one karst region appears (either Guilin OR Croatia), but not both; or both appear but without sequential order (e.g., overlaid, mixed, or reversed); or morphology type is unidentifiable (e.g., generic hills instead of conical peaks or columnar pillars).
level_3: Both Guilin and Croatia karst landforms appear in correct sequential order (Guilin first, then Croatia), and each is visually recognizable as a distinct karst landscape; however, at least one morphology lacks defining structural clarity, e.g., Guilin scene shows undulating terrain without clear conical limestone peaks, or Croatia scene shows vertical rock forms but without columnar/column-like regularity and separation.
level_4: Both regions appear in correct sequence (Guilin → Croatia); Guilin shows clearly separated, rounded, conical limestone peaks rising from flat floodplain; Croatia shows clearly separated, tall, slender, vertically oriented limestone pillars with distinct inter-pillar spacing; no morphological ambiguity; no mislabeling or substitution (e.g., no dolines, caves, or non-karst cliffs used as proxies).
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, AND both scenes maintain identical visual framing (same horizon line, same relative scale, same ground plane continuity), enabling direct side-by-side morphological comparison; no visual artifacts obscure shape definition (e.g., fog, excessive blur, occlusion); conical vs. columnar distinction is unambiguously legible without annotation.

Scientific and Causal Correctness rubric:
level_1: No scientifically valid karst dissolution morphology shown; e.g., volcanic cones, sand dunes, or folded mountains presented as Guilin/Croatia; or dissolution process (e.g., water flow, chemical weathering) falsely depicted as mechanical erosion or tectonic uplift.
level_2: At least one region displays a karst morphology incompatible with its real-world geology: e.g., Guilin shown with isolated columnar pillars (not conical peaks), or Croatia shown with clustered, low, rounded mounds (not slender pillars); or dissolution mechanism misrepresented (e.g., visible ice wedging, root wedging, or wind scour shown instead of solutional shaping).
level_3: Both regions show karst landforms, and sequence matches real-world geography (Guilin = conical peak forest; Croatia = columnar pillar forest), but at least one scene violates dissolution-driven morphology: e.g., Guilin peaks lack smooth, rounded, solution-sculpted surfaces (show jagged, angular, or fractured profiles); or Croatia pillars lack vertical dominance and base isolation (appear fused, tapered, or embedded in continuous cliff).
level_4: Guilin scene shows conical, steep-sided but smoothly curved limestone peaks with gentle lower slopes and no sharp ridges, consistent with long-term carbonic acid dissolution in humid subtropical climate; Croatia scene shows tall, narrow, freestanding limestone pillars with vertical flanks, minimal taper, and clearly defined inter-pillar corridors, consistent with dissolution along orthogonal joint sets in Mediterranean climate; no dissolution-inconsistent features (e.g., talus slopes, scree, glacial striations, or vegetation patterns contradicting bare limestone exposure).
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, AND surface texture and weathering expression remain morphologically consistent at wide-shot scale: Guilin peaks show smooth, evenly rounded summit caps with no jagged fracture texture; Croatia pillars show clean, vertically streaked flanks consistent with joint-controlled dissolution grooving, discernible even without close-up framing; no biotic or anthropogenic features override dissolution signature (e.g., dense forest canopy fully covering peaks/pillars, or roads built across pillar bases distorting isolation).

Spatiotemporal Consistency rubric:
level_1: Severe spatiotemporal rupture: abrupt cut between scenes with mismatched lighting, horizon tilt, or scale jump; or objects teleport (e.g., pillar appears fully formed in single frame without continuity); or scene warps, stretches, or fractures mid-sequence.
level_2: Moderate discontinuity: lighting shifts dramatically between Guilin and Croatia scenes (e.g., overcast → harsh noon sun); or horizon line shifts >10% vertical position; or pillar/peak count changes discontinuously within same scene (e.g., 5 pillars → 12 pillars in one cut); or motion jerks (e.g., camera lurches, zoom snaps, or frame drops).
level_3: Minor but detectable spatiotemporal flaws: slight horizon drift (<10%); the angle of the shadows cast by the Guilin peaks or the Croatian pillars onto the ground appears to shift slightly between the two scenes with no time-of-day or time-lapse cue to justify it; or static background elements flicker (e.g., cloud shapes jump position across the transition cut); or camera motion is present but lacks smooth acceleration/deceleration (e.g., constant-velocity pan only).
level_4: All transitions are spatially coherent: horizon remains fixed; the shadows cast by the Guilin peaks and by the Croatian pillars fall in a plausible, unchanging direction consistent with a single implied sun position across both scenes; no object count or placement changes without logical motion (e.g., pillars do not blink in/out); camera motion (if any) is uniformly smooth and physically plausible (e.g., slow lateral pan or gentle dolly forward); no visual tearing, warping, or temporal stutter.
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, AND spatial relationship is explicitly maintained: both scenes occupy the same virtual camera volume (i.e., same focal length, same depth of field, same ground plane alignment), enabling direct morphological comparison without perspective distortion; no parallax error between foreground/midground/background layers; motion (if any) preserves relative scale and parallax ratios throughout.