Domain: Engineering — Electrical Engineering
Target concept: Motion sensor integrated into a microcontroller for triggering a buzzer or lights

Video generation prompt: On the workbench, a microcontroller is connected to a PIR motion sensor and an LED, and is powered on. A hand enters the frame and waves back and forth in front of the sensor for a few seconds before withdrawing.

Evaluation guide:
(i) Target concept: Digital control of an actuator (the LED) via a motion-triggered signal from a PIR sensor, processed by a microcontroller.
Minimum mechanism: The PIR sensor must produce a digital output pulse upon detecting motion; the microcontroller must execute conditional logic (read the sensor input → set the LED output accordingly); the LED must respond only to that digital output state; no external timer, remote control, or manual switch is involved. Because real PIR modules commonly hold their output HIGH for a short interval (typically a few seconds) after the last detected motion, the LED turning off a short time after (rather than in the very same instant) the hand stops moving is expected and scientifically correct, not a flaw.
(ii) Storyline: [Frame 0–2] Static setup shot: microcontroller, PIR sensor, and LED co-located on the workbench with visible wiring; [Frame 3–5] A hand enters the frame and waves back and forth in front of the PIR sensor; [Frame 6–7] The PIR sensor's own status indicator (if present) activates, and shortly after, the LED illuminates; [Frame 8–9] The hand stops moving and is withdrawn or held still → the PIR indicator deactivates → the LED extinguishes a short time later, consistent with a brief sensor hold-time, not necessarily in the very same instant; all events occur from a fixed frontal viewpoint with steady lighting and no camera motion.

Manual:
Experimental Procedure
1. Place the microcontroller, PIR motion sensor, and LED on the workbench.
2. Wire the PIR sensor's output to a microcontroller input pin; wire a microcontroller output pin to the LED anode; connect the LED cathode to ground.
3. Power on the microcontroller.
4. Wave a hand steadily in front of the PIR sensor.
Observation of Experimental Phenomena
The LED illuminates while the hand moves in front of the PIR sensor and stays on for as long as the motion continues; after the hand stops moving and is held still, the LED turns off a short time later — typically within a few seconds, matching the sensor's built-in hold-time — rather than in the exact same instant the hand stops.
Summary of Experimental Principles
The PIR sensor detects the change in infrared radiation caused by the moving hand and outputs a HIGH signal; the microcontroller reads this signal and drives its GPIO pin HIGH, turning the LED ON. Many PIR modules keep their output HIGH for a brief hold-time (commonly a few seconds) after the last detected motion; once that hold-time elapses without further motion, the PIR output goes LOW, the microcontroller drives the GPIO pin LOW, and the LED turns OFF.

Prompt Grounding rubric:
level_1: The workbench does not show all three core components: no microcontroller, no PIR sensor, or no LED is visible; or no hand-waving action is shown at all; or the workbench setting itself is absent.
level_2: At least one of the three components (microcontroller, PIR sensor, LED) is visible and identifiable, but at least two are missing or unclear; hand motion is implied (e.g., referenced by a change in the scene) but never actually shown near the sensor; the workbench is only partly visible, without clear framing of the setup.
level_3: The microcontroller, PIR sensor, and LED are all visibly present on the workbench; the microcontroller is connected to both the PIR sensor and the LED by visible wires; a hand is shown waving in front of the PIR sensor; none of the three components is swapped for something else (no camera instead of PIR sensor, no incandescent bulb instead of LED).
level_4: All conditions for score 3 are met, and additionally: the wiring looks physically plausible; the PIR sensor shows its typical three-pin layout (power/ground/output) connected to the microcontroller, the LED has two leads with a current-limiting resistor visible or clearly implied by the board layout, and the microcontroller's connection points line up with where the wires attach.
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, and additionally: the PIR sensor and LED sit near each other on the same board or breadboard next to the microcontroller, matching how such a setup is normally laid out; the hand waves only in the sensor's forward-facing detection area (not from behind or directly above it); every component stays fully in frame for the whole clip, with the camera never cutting away or losing any of them.

Scientific and Causal Correctness rubric:
level_1: The LED stays off through the entire clip despite the hand moving in front of the sensor; or the LED turns on with no hand or motion anywhere nearby; or the LED changes color instead of just turning on/off; or a PIR status indicator (if shown) and the LED clearly move in opposite directions (one turns on while the other turns off) at the same moment.
level_2: The LED does turn on at some point, but its timing doesn't track the hand: for example it lights up well before the hand ever appears near the sensor, or it's still on well after the hand has left and stayed still for many seconds; or a visible PIR status light never reacts at all while the LED turns on; or the LED stays lit continuously with no sign of ever responding to the hand leaving.
level_3: The LED turns on only after the hand begins moving in front of the sensor and stays on while the hand keeps moving nearby; after the hand stops moving and is held still for a few seconds, the LED turns off and stays off (no flicker, no re-lighting) for the rest of the clip.
level_4: All conditions for score 3 are met, and additionally: if the PIR module has its own status indicator, it visibly reacts (lights up or blinks) at roughly the same time as the LED turns on; the LED's brightness stays steady while lit: it doesn't dim, pulse, or flicker partway through.
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, and additionally: the order of events is clear and easy to follow on a single watch-through: the hand starts moving near the sensor, then (within roughly a second) the PIR indicator (if present) reacts, then (within roughly another second) the LED lights up; when the hand stops and stays still, the LED turns off within a few seconds, consistent with a short sensor hold-time rather than an unexplained long delay; there is no point in the clip where the viewer would have to guess whether the LED responded to this specific hand motion or something else.

Spatiotemporal Consistency rubric:
level_1: Objects appear or disappear abruptly (e.g., the LED, PIR sensor, or hand vanishes and reappears without leaving or entering the frame); the microcontroller or sensor tilts or rotates suddenly with no hand or tool touching it; a strong shadow across the workbench appears or disappears from one frame to the next with no change in the scene; the workbench's surface pattern jumps to a different texture partway through the clip.
level_2: At least one clear glitch remains: a wire appears to float free of its connector or bend impossibly; the hand's motion skips or jumps between frames instead of moving smoothly; the shadow cast by the hand or the LED's glow on the desk switches to the opposite side of the object between nearby frames; the camera view zooms, pans, or refocuses even though the shot is meant to stay fixed.
level_3: The microcontroller, PIR sensor, and LED all stay in the same relative positions on the workbench for the whole clip; the hand moves along one smooth path in front of the sensor without jumping; the LED's glow and the shadows cast by the hand and components on the workbench keep pointing the same way and staying about the same size for the whole clip; the microcontroller, sensor, and LED never blink out of view or reappear partway through the clip.
level_4: All conditions for score 3 are met, and additionally: the hand's approach and withdrawal happen at a natural, even speed with no sudden speed-ups; the wires connecting the components stay a consistent length and curve (they don't stretch, shrink, or snap taut unnaturally); the LED's glow on the nearby desk surface stays a consistent size and softness without suddenly spreading or shrinking.
level_5: All conditions for score 4 are met, and additionally: there is no visible warping of the microcontroller board, sensor dome, or LED casing at any point; the hand's position relative to the sensor's dome looks consistent with its apparent distance in every frame (no moments where it looks like the hand jumped nearer or farther without moving through the space in between); the sensor dome's highlight and the LED's glow stay visually steady rather than flickering; the whole clip plays as one continuous, unbroken motion with nothing skipped or repeated.