Domain: Humanities and Social Sciences — Archaeology
Target concept: Kushan Dynasty coins

Video generation prompt: The camera circulates around the display case, recording ancient coins: gold coins of the Kushan dynasty.

Evaluation guide:
Target concept: Kushan gold dinar typology, defined by four inseparable, empirically verifiable features: (1) a convincing warm gold coloring, distinct from silver, bronze, or a pale/brassy imitation; (2) a ruler bust with era-diagnostic regalia; (3) a deity reverse with canonical attributes; (4) two visually distinct scripts (Greek and the Greek-derived Bactrian alphabet) forming bilingual legends. Minimum mechanistic assumption: A roughly 12-second orbital video can encode enough visual information to discriminate these four features *only if* the case, coins, and lighting stay spatially and visually coherent while the camera circles them. Expected phased storyline: (Phase 1) Camera begins at front-center, revealing obverse of leftmost coin (Vima); (Phase 2) Orbit progresses clockwise, exposing reverse of same coin (Oesho with bull); (Phase 3) Mid-orbit reveals central Kanishka coin with clearest legend legibility; (Phase 4) Final arc shows Huvishka coin's Mithra reverse and confirms chronological sequence. Visibility constraints: coins should be angled close enough to face-on that their design isn't flattened away by an extreme raking view; inscriptions should appear large enough on screen that individual letterforms are distinguishable rather than a blurred texture; the gold coloring should read as one consistent warm metallic hue to the eye across the whole orbit, never drifting toward green, gray, or brass at any point.

Manual:
I. Basic Demonstration Information
Demonstration Title: Kushan Dynasty Gold Coin Typology and Iconographic Recognition Demonstration
Subject: Humanities and Social Sciences - Archaeology - Ancient Numismatics
Demonstration Purpose: By filming a continuous 360° camera orbit around a museum display case containing authentic Kushan gold dinars, this demonstration visually establishes typological recognition criteria — focusing on gold color, royal busts (obverse), deity depictions (reverse), and bilingual Greek-Bactrian inscriptions — to support archaeological identification and dating.
II. Demonstration Carrier/Equipment
Core Carrier: High-fidelity digital reconstruction of 4–6 Kushan gold dinars (Vima Kadphises to Huvishka era), mounted in a climate-controlled, anti-reflective glass museum display case with neutral gray velvet base.
Auxiliary Equipment: Virtual cinematic camera rig with physically accurate lens (50mm focal length, f/2.8), fixed-height tripod simulation, calibrated D65 illuminant (6500K), and motion control system enabling precise 360° orbit at 30°/s.
III. Demonstration Content Description
Layout: Coins arranged chronologically left-to-right (earliest to latest) inside case; central alignment ensures optimal framing during orbit. Case lit by balanced front-top diffuse source to minimize glare and maximize inscription legibility.
State Control: All coins remain static, fully in-focus, and free of motion blur; surface texture (die-struck relief, grain, wear patterns) preserved at ≥4K resolution; no post-processing enhancement of color or contrast.
Comparison Baseline: Each coin must simultaneously satisfy four diagnostic criteria: (1) a warm, lustrous gold color rather than a brassy, pale, or silvery tone; (2) obverse: ruler bust with era-specific headdress/cloak; (3) reverse: deity with canonical attributes (Oesho: trident+bull; Helios: quadriga+radiate crown); (4) bilingual legend — Greek on obverse, Bactrian on reverse — with epigraphically plausible lettering.
IV. Observation of Core Phenomena
Gold Color Stability: All coins maintain uniform, lustrous gold tone across entire orbit — no desaturation, oxidation green tinge, or brass-like yellowness; hue remains perceptually consistent under changing viewing angles.
Iconographic Consistency: Obverse busts show progressive stylistic evolution (Vima's beardless face → Kanishka's heavy cloak → Huvishka's simplified profile); reverse deities retain attribute integrity (Oesho never depicted without bull; Mithra never lacks solar rays).
Inscription Legibility: Greek legends readable in left-to-right orientation; Bactrian legends also readable left-to-right, using the Greek-derived Bactrian alphabet (Greek letters plus the additional letter Sho, not the unrelated Kharoshthi script); no anachronistic characters (e.g., no Sanskrit letters pre-Huvishka).
Orbital Verification: Full 360° motion enables side-by-side comparison of coin arrangements, confirming spatial coherence and enabling multi-angle validation of relief depth and die alignment.
V. Summary of Key Knowledge Points and Principles
Core Concept Definition: Kushan gold dinars are standardized high-value coinage issued 1st–3rd c. CE across Bactria and Northwest India; their typology serves as primary chronological and political evidence in Central Asian archaeology.
Archaeological Significance:
- Chronological Anchoring: Specific bust styles and deity choices correlate with reigns (e.g., Oesho appears first under Kanishka I; Mithra dominates under Huvishka).
- Political Messaging: Bilingual legends assert dual legitimacy — Greek for Hellenistic subjects, Bactrian for local elites.
- Technological Proxy: Gold purity and die-cutting precision reflect imperial mint capacity and economic stability.
VI. Demonstration Precautions
Temporal Constraint: Video duration strictly 12 seconds (360° at 30°/s), matching 10–15s generation limit; no slow-motion or pause.
Visual Fidelity Priority: No AI-generated 'enhancement' (e.g., sharpening, saturation boost); raw rendering fidelity required for scholarly verification.
Authenticity Safeguards: All iconography and inscriptions cross-referenced against published corpus (e.g., Rosenfield, Senior, Falk), excluding speculative or contested attributions.

Prompt Grounding rubric:
level_1: No glass display case is visible, no gold-colored coin objects appear, and the camera shows no circling motion; the scene bears no resemblance to a museum coin display (e.g., modern currency, an empty case, or unrelated objects fill the frame).
level_2: A cabinet or case-like container appears alongside a few round metallic disks, but the disks are silver, bronze, or otherwise not gold-toned, show no bust-like or deity-like imagery on either face, and carry no inscription marks of any kind; the camera stays still or moves back-and-forth rather than circling the case.
level_3: A glass display case holding 2-4 coin-like objects is visible, at least one of them gold-toned; the coins show only blank or unclear faces (no discernible bust or deity shape, no inscription marks), and the camera traces only part of a circle around the case (roughly a quarter to half turn) with noticeable jerks or a moment where the case is blocked from view.
level_4: A well-lit glass display case holds 3-6 gold-colored coins arranged in a row; on most coins one face shows a human bust-like profile and the other shows a standing figure paired with an object such as a trident or animal, and faint inscription marks are visible in at least one script on most coins; the camera completes a full 360° circuit around the case at a steady height and distance without losing the case from frame, but one coin's face is left blank, out of focus, or its inscription marks are too faint to make out.
level_5: The camera performs one smooth, continuous, unbroken 360° circuit around a clean glass display case holding 4-6 gold-toned coins arranged in a row; every coin shows, on one face, a clear human bust-like profile wearing a crown or headdress, and on the other face, a standing deity-like figure paired with a recognizable attribute (e.g., a bull, a trident, or a ring of rays); every coin also shows two visually distinct blocks of inscription marks (different letterforms on the two faces, evoking two different scripts); no coin's face is left blank or out of focus, the case is never blocked from view, and the coins' positions relative to one another never shift or jump during the orbit.

Scientific and Causal Correctness rubric:
level_1: The coins behave in ways real gold dinars cannot (e.g., floating outside the case, melting, or glowing); any visible marks on them are random symbols or modern-looking fonts rather than any script; the camera's motion reveals nothing about the coins' obverse or reverse: circling the case gives no sense that two different sides of anything are being shown.
level_2: Coins sit outside the case or are scattered loosely rather than mounted; their color varies coin-to-coin between gold, silver, and bronze; the imagery mixes figures that don't belong together for a single ancient coinage tradition (e.g., an unrelated modern portrait beside a religious deity with no coherent link); the camera's fast or erratic motion makes it impossible to connect what is seen on one side of a coin with what is seen on the other.
level_3: Coins are properly seated inside the case; their gold tone is plausible but looks either washed-out or artificially glossy rather than a natural warm metal sheen; one or two coins show a bust-like figure and a separate deity-like figure with an attribute (such as an animal or a hand-held object), but the attribute is mismatched or missing on some coins (e.g., a figure that should hold a trident holds nothing, or faces the wrong way); the orbit lets you glimpse both faces of at least two coins, but not clearly enough to confirm the bust-and-deity pairing for most of the row.
level_4: Coins stay fixed in the case throughout; the gold tone reads as a convincing warm yellow (not brassy, not pale silver) for every coin; each coin's bust-like figure wears headdress or regalia appropriate to a ruler, and its deity-like figure carries a consistent attribute (e.g., a trident and a bull together, not one without the other); the two inscription blocks on each coin use visually distinct letterforms suggesting two different scripts; the orbit clearly shows obverse-to-reverse transitions for at least three of the coins, letting a viewer connect the ruler image to the deity image on the same coin, but one coin's inscription looks like a single script repeated rather than two distinct ones.
level_5: Coins remain motionless and evenly spaced on the display mount; every coin's gold coloring reads as a convincing, warm lustrous metal tone rather than a brassy, pale, or silvery imitation; every coin shows a ruler's bust with headdress or regalia on one face and a standing deity with a matching, legible attribute (e.g., trident and bull together, or a radiate solar figure) on the other; every coin displays two clearly distinct blocks of lettering on its two faces, consistent with two different alphabets (without needing to spell out any specific ancient word); the roughly 12-second orbit gives an unbroken, unambiguous view of every coin's obverse and reverse in turn, so a viewer can confidently pair each ruler's bust with its correct reverse deity for every coin in the row.

Spatiotemporal Consistency rubric:
level_1: The display case or the coins inside it vanish, reappear, or snap to a different position between moments; the room's lighting jumps abruptly (e.g., bright museum light one instant, dim amber light the next); the camera appears to pass straight through the glass or flips upside-down without any smooth transition.
level_2: The case's glass panel warps between a curved and a flat shape from one moment to the next; the coins appear to change size relative to each other inconsistently as the camera moves; shadows fall in directions that contradict where the light appears to be coming from; the camera's circling motion suddenly speeds up, slows down, or jumps ahead in its path, skipping a noticeable arc of the orbit.
level_3: The case keeps a consistent box shape and the coins keep the same order and spacing relative to each other; the lighting is mostly even, though one or two small overly bright spots appear on the glass or coins; the camera circles the case at a roughly steady distance and height, but its path wobbles slightly, the framing tightens and loosens noticeably at times, and the rotation speed isn't perfectly even (occasional slight speed-ups or pauses).
level_4: The case's glass shows believable reflections and a faint bending of the coins' shapes behind it, rather than looking like a flat cutout; every coin keeps the same size, tilt, and spacing relative to its neighbors throughout the full circuit; the light comes from a steady, single apparent direction (e.g., soft light from above-front), casting shadows that rotate naturally with the camera rather than staying fixed to the screen; the camera's rotation speed stays close to constant and its distance from the case barely varies, at most one brief, barely noticeable stutter in an otherwise fluid orbit.
level_5: The glass panel consistently bends and reflects the coins and light behind it the way real glass would, from every angle of the orbit; the coins cast soft shadows on the velvet base that rotate believably as the camera moves, with no shadow ever flicking to an impossible direction; the room's overall brightness and color of light stay constant across the whole clip, with no visible flicker or color shift; the camera completes one full, level 360° loop around the case at an unchanging height and distance, with no jump, skip, or backward flick in its path anywhere in the sequence, and no frozen or dropped moments in the motion.