Sazuna/UAT_keywords huggingface dataset:
Re-crowning The Queen: Membership, Age, and Rotation Periods for the Open Cluster Coma Berenices. Coma Berenices (Coma Ber), an open cluster about the same age as Praesepe and the Hyades (700-800 Myr) is, despite being only 85 pc away, less well studied than its famous cousins. This is due principally to its sparseness and low proper motion, which together made Coma Ber's membership challenging to establish pre-Gaia. We have curated a new list of its members based on Gaia DR2 astrometry, derived its metallicity and interstellar reddening using LAMOST data, and inferred the cluster's age by fitting PARSEC isochrones to its color-magnitude diagram. We then measured rotation periods for Coma Ber's low-mass members using TESS and ZTF photometry. Our isochrone fitting and the TESS- and ZTF-derived rotation periods confirm that Coma Ber is coeval with the Hyades and Praesepe. This work is the first step toward re-establishing Coma Ber as another valuable benchmark cluster for age-rotation-activity studies.

Keywords: Open star clusters, Low mass stars
SED Machine Spectra for HO Puppis and V722 Tauri. We present low-resolution spectra collected with the Spectral Energy Distribution Machine (SEDM) for an IW And-type dwarf nova, HO Puppis, and a Be star, V722 Tauri. The SEDM is an integrated field unit spectrograph mounted on the 60 inch telescope at the Palomar Observatory, with a spectral resolution of R ∼ 100 in the optical wavelength range. The Hα emission line was clearly detected for the bright Be star V722 Tauri at ∼12.5 mag, but barely detected in the spectra for the ∼13.7 mag HO Puppis. Our SEDM observations could be used as guidance for observing similar objects with the SEDM, as well as other R ∼ 100 spectrographs, in the future.

Keywords: Dwarf novae, Emission line stars, Spectroscopy
Accretion Belt Characteristics in a Hydrodynamic Evolution of a Contact Binary. We compare features from the circulation model developed in Stȩpień for contact binaries to a long-term hydrodynamical evolution of a symmetric contact binary. The numerical evolution is fully three-dimensional and begins from an equilibrium structure in contact at one grid cell. As the evolution is conducted with Flow-ER, an explicit hydrodynamics code for self-gravitating fluids, we are not able to address energy transport or evolution on a thermal timescale. However, we are able to investigate the width and height of the equatorial accretion belt and the flow of material in and out of the inner Lagrange point. The flow of material between the two components arises quickly in the evolution and does not change significantly through tens of orbital periods. As the stellar components are modeled as polytropes of index 3/2 a slight numerical mass imbalance causes one component to only gain mass over the course of the simulation leading eventually to a dynamical merger of the contact binary.

Keywords: Hydrodynamical simulations, Contact binary stars
Relevant Coma Composition Investigations for the Comet Interceptor Mission. The Comet Interceptor Mission (ESA/JAXA) aims to visit a long-period comet or interstellar object. Its primary science goals are to characterize the object's shape, structure, and the composition of its surface and gas coma. The mission consists of three spacecraft, the primary and two accompanying ones. The focus of this paper is the unique synergetic activities between two mass spectrometers to investigate the chemical composition of the coma, one on the primary spacecraft and another on an accompanying spacecraft. Both can be operated in a complementary fashion, at different locations and at the same time, to sort out spatial from temporal effects. Relevant investigations of the coma composition and chemistry within the technical specifications of the instruments could address several unsolved questions. The Comet Interceptor Mission is posed to be an important mission for advancing our knowledge of comets, especially clues for understanding coma chemistry and composition.

Keywords: Long period comets, Comets, Chemical abundances, Comae
The M<SUB>*</SUB>-M<SUB>halo</SUB> Relation at 0.08 &lt; z &lt; 1.53 in COSMOS: The Role of Active Galactic Nucleus Radio-mode Feedback. In the current picture of cosmology and astrophysics, the formation and evolution of galaxies is closely linked to that of their dark matter haloes. The best representation of this galaxy-dark matter halo co-evolution is the ${M}_{* }\mbox{--}{M}_{\mathrm{halo}}$ relation. In this study we investigate how the radio-mode feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) affects the ${M}_{* }\mbox{--}{M}_{\mathrm{halo}}$ relation at redshifts 0.08 &lt; z &lt; 1.53. We use a set of 111 radio-selected AGN at 3 GHz VLA-COSMOS within the X-ray galaxy groups in the COSMOS field. We compare these results to those for 171 star-forming galaxies (SFGs), using the theoretical relation of Moster et al. We find that AGN agree within 1% with the Moster et al. relation, SFGs show an offset of 37%, suggesting that the radio-mode feedback from AGN at a median redshift of ∼0.5 still plays a significant role in the ${M}_{* }\mbox{--}{M}_{\mathrm{halo}}$ relation.

Keywords: AGN host galaxies, Galaxy dark matter halos, Extragalactic radio sources, Active galaxies, Baryonic dark matter, Radio active galactic nuclei, Dark matter
ZTF-identified HW Virginis Systems. We present 46 HW Virginis Post-Common Envelope Binary Systems identified by the Zwicky Transient Facility, 26 of which appear to be new discoveries. Through the application of the Box Least-Squares Algorithm to ZTF data, we searched a data set of 17,473 systems for periodicity and phase-folded all of the ZTF lightcurves of the objects at their best period. Through visual analysis of these phase-folded lightcurves, we identified the 46 HW Vir Systems.

Keywords: Light curve classification , Optical astronomy, Surveys, Light curves, B subdwarf stars, Interacting binary stars, Eclipsing binary stars, O subdwarf stars, Cataclysmic variable stars, Common envelope evolution, Automated telescopes, Common envelope binary stars
Exploiting Kepler's Heritage: A Transfer Learning Approach for Identifying Exoplanets' Transits in TESS Data. In the last decade, exoplanets space missions started to collect a huge amount of photometric observations, with over ∼1,000,000 new light curves generated every month from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) full-frame images alone. In order to analyze such an unprecedented volume of data, automated planet-candidate detection has become an appreciable replacement to human vetting. In this work, we present a Machine Learning approach, based on Deep Neural Networks, to perform a binary classification of TESS light curves in terms of planet candidate and not-planet. Since few TESS labeled data exist to date, we pre-train the network with Kepler DR24 data set, including ≳15,000 labeled light curves. Our pre-trained model is then tested on ExoFOP data, showing an appreciable gain in terms of reliability with respect to a randomly initialized model.

Keywords: Astronomy data analysis, Exoplanets, Neural networks
Linemake: An Atomic and Molecular Line List Generator. In this research note, we present linemake, an open-source atomic and molecular line list generator. Rather than a replacement for a number of well-established atomic and molecular spectral databases, linemake aims to be a lightweight, easy-to-use tool to generate formatted and curated lists suitable for spectral synthesis work. We encourage users of linemake to understand the sources of their transition data and cite them as appropriate in published work. We provide the code, line database, and an extensive list of literature references in a GitHub repository (https://github.com/vmplacco/linemake), which will be updated regularly as new data become available.

Keywords: Spectral line lists, Atomic physics, Laboratory astrophysics, Molecular physics, Spectroscopy
The Pleiades Experience in Polynesia, Mesoamerica, and the Andes. The Sun, Moon, planets, and stars have accompanied sky watchers over millennia. The Pleiades star cluster, observable from every continent except Antarctica, is tied to Indigenous worldviews, astronomy, calendaring, traditional weaving, weather prediction, and agriculture. The heliacal rising of the cluster—its first visible sighting in the morning twilight before sunrise, is particularly significant. For the original peoples of Polynesia, Mesoamerica, and the Andes, the Pleiades continue to be a source of knowledge, both culturally and scientifically. Due to the loss of Indigenous languages and the pressures of globalization, the knowledge is eroding at a fast pace. We describe a Fulbright U.S. Global Scholar project and emerging results from collaborative research conducted in ancestral lands with Indigenous elders, young adults, and academics, as well as with other knowledge holders in Aotearoa/New Zealand, Guatemala, and Peru. Results are being shared locally for the benefit of the host communities and future generations.

Keywords: A stars
Recovering the Maya Constellations in the Highlands of Guatemala. For many generations, the Maya people of the highlands of Guatemala have been engaged in continual knowledge creation emerging from a deep and sustained relationship with the Earth and the sky. Maya elders and youth who are Calendar Keepers, or Ajq'ijab' in the K'iche' Mayan language, curate calendars with roots in pre-colonial times. The pressures of colonial invasion, civil war, and globalization have eroded the oral tradition and ancestral memory in the community, causing the loss of invaluable cultural information. Today, certain sectors of Maya youth are engaged in cultural revitalization and the recovery of ancestral astronomical knowledge. Our elders are extremely important for strengthening the oral tradition and the historical, scientific, and cultural understandings of the night sky. I describe a project of recovery of the Maya constellations, ancestral observation sites, and measurement techniques in the Guatemala highlands.

Keywords: A stars
Fourteen E+A Galaxy Candidates Involved in Interactions. Galaxy mergers are a mechanism for rapid quenching of star formation. We are studying E+A galaxies (a type of post-starburst galaxy) and how they are impacted by merging. Examining E+A galaxies with companions offers insight into the evolution of E+As and the quenching process. The Y/Dim Collaboration collected a sample of E+A candidate galaxies from the SDSS DR16. Among the E+A candidates that were visually identified as interacting, 14 were spectroscopically confirmed to have companions. Our sample contained 11 pairs of galaxies and two groups of three galaxies. In one of these groups of three, there are two E+A candidates. Nine of these E+A candidates are involved in minor interactions with their companions.

Keywords: Galaxy interactions, Companion galaxies, E+A galaxies, Galaxy evolution, Galaxy mergers, Galaxy quenching, Post-starburst galaxies
3D Radiative Transfer Simulations of the Atmospheric Environment of the Carbon-rich AGB Star RU Vir. We report the preliminary near- and mid-infrared 3D radiative transfer simulations of the carbon-rich AGB star RU Vir using the 3D radiative transfer code RADMC-3D. We found that the inclusion of molecular and dust species reproduces the extended atmosphere of this star well. This study is the beginning of an in-progress effort toward a more systematic 3D radiative transfer modeling of RU Vir's extended atmosphere, and other AGB stars. These efforts aim at constraining the stars' stellar parameters, and as preparatory work for the first multi-wavelength imaging of carbon-rich AGB stars with the newest VLTI/MATISSE interferometric instrument.

Keywords: Optical interferometry, Astronomical models, Evolved stars, Stellar mass loss, Asymptotic giant branch stars, Stellar winds, Radiative transfer, Interstellar medium
Broadening Astronomy Education through Professional Development. We report on the processes and findings related to the iterative design of the San Antonio Teacher Training Astronomy Academy (SATTAA). In particular, we show how the initial iteration in 2018, limited to only future (or preservice) secondary school STEM teachers, broadened to include current (or in-service) secondary school teachers in 2019, and then added primary school pre- and in-service teachers in 2020. The participants of all three years are now part of a community of practice that continues to engage in astronomy education in varied ways.

Keywords: Astronomy education
DEEPCR on ACS/WFC: Cosmic-Ray Rejection for HST ACS/WFC Photometry. DEEPCR is a deep-learning-based cosmic-ray rejection algorithm previously demonstrated to be superior to state-of-the-art LACosmic on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/WFC F606W imaging data. In this research note, we present a new DEEPCR model for use on all filters of HST ACS/WFC. We train and test the model with ACS/WFC F435W, F606W, and F814W images, covering the entire spectral range of the ACS optical channel. The global model demonstrates near 100% detection rates of CRs in extragalactic fields and globular clusters and 91% in resolved galaxy fields. We further confirm the global applicability of the model by comparing its performance against single-filter models that were trained simultaneously and by testing the global model on data from another filter which was not previously used for training.

Keywords: Classification, Neural networks, Hubble Space Telescope, Convolutional neural networks, Astronomical detectors, Astronomy data reduction, Cosmic rays
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Characterizing E+A Galaxy Candidates in the Coma Cluster. Using data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) Survey, we examined a subsample of 29 E+A galaxy candidates in the Coma Cluster. We created spatially-resolved maps of spectral features and the kinematics of the underlying stellar population by utilizing the Marvin toolkit. We rule out star formation in the entire subsample, and do not find evidence for AGN activity. For the majority of the subsample, stellar rotation is coherent.

Keywords: Coma Cluster, Quenched galaxies, Post-starburst galaxies, E+A galaxies
The Simons Observatory: The Large Aperture Telescope (LAT). The Simons Observatory is a Cosmic Microwave Background experiment to observe the microwave sky in six frequency bands from 30 to 290 GHz. The Observatory—at ∼5200 m altitude—comprises three Small Aperture Telescopes and one Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) at the Atacama Desert, Chile. This research note describes the design and current status of the LAT along with its future timeline.

Keywords: Early universe, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Observational cosmology, Cosmic inflation, Astronomical instrumentation, Time domain astronomy
The α<SUB>ox</SUB>-He II EW Connection in Radio-loud Quasars. Radio-loud quasars (RLQs) are known to produce excess X-ray emission, compared to radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) of the same luminosity, commonly attributed to jet-related emission. Recently, we found that the He II EW and αox in RQQs are strongly correlated, which suggests that their extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray emission mechanisms are tightly related. Using 48 RLQs, we show that steep-spectrum radio quasars (SSRQs) and low radio-luminosity ( ${L}_{{\rm{R}}}$ ) flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) follow the ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{ox}}$ - He II EW relation of RQQs. This suggests that the X-ray and EUV emission mechanisms in these types of RLQs is the same as in RQQs, and is not jet related. High- ${L}_{{\rm{R}}}$ FSRQs show excess X-ray emission given their He II EW by a factor of ≈3.5, which suggests that only in this type of RLQ is the X-ray production likely jet related.

Keywords: Radio loud quasars, X-ray quasars, Quasars
Visualizing Multiwavelength Properties of Classified X-Ray Sources from Chandra Source Catalog. We present a simple but informative online tool to visualize the multiwavelength (MW) properties of ≈2700 X-ray sources from Chandra Source Catalog version 2.0 with literature verified classifications. Here we describe the catalogs that we used to collect the classifications and extract the MW properties of these sources, and the properties themselves. We also describe the design and functionality of the tool.

Keywords: X-ray astronomy, Neutron stars, Surveys, High mass x-ray binary stars, Young stellar objects, X-ray active galactic nuclei, X-ray stars, Low-mass x-ray binary stars, Cataclysmic variable stars, Catalogs
Hardness Test of GRB 950830 as a Gravitationally Lensed Echo. Cumulative hardness comparisons are a simple but statistically powerful test for the presence of gravitational lensing in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Since gravitational lensing does not change photon energies, all source images should have the same spectra—and hence hardness. Applied to the recent claim that the two pulses in GRB 950830 are lensed images of the same pulse, the measured flux ratio between the two main pulses should be the same at all energies. After summing up all the counts in both of GRB 950830's two pulses in all four BATSE energy bands, it was found that in energy channel 3, the second pulse appears somewhat weak. In comparison with the other BATSE energy channels, the difference was statistically significant at above 90%. This model-independent test indicates that the case for GRB 950830 involving a gravitational lens may be intriguing—but should not be considered proven.

Keywords: Gamma-ray bursts, Gravitational lensing
The Surface Abundances of Maia Revisited. Abundances for 20 chemical elements are derived for Maia, the fourth brightest member of the Pleiades, using updated atomic data. Maia does not seem to be a typical helium-weak star nor a classical HgMn star. Instead Maia might be related to the phosphorus and gallium-rich stars.

Keywords: Chemically peculiar stars, Chemical abundances
Charge Injection Device Extreme Contrast Imaging of the Sirius Field. The intrinsic nature of many astronomical objects, such as binary systems, exoplanets, circumstellar disks, and quasar host galaxies, introduces challenging requirements on observational instrumentation and techniques. In each case, we encounter situations where the light from bright sources completely outshines the surrounding faint targets. As a result, we are yet to fully understand the processes governing star and galaxy formation and evolution, and there are ongoing attempts to search for habitable worlds around other stars. To explore all features of such astronomical objects, we must perform observations at the maximum possible contrast ratios. Here, we demonstrate the extreme contrast ratio imaging capabilities of the latest generation of commercially available charge injection devices, the SpectraCAM XDR, using Sirius field observations from a world-class observing site. Based on wavelet-based image analysis and precise photometric calibration, we report a direct contrast ratio of 1 part in 100 million.

Keywords: Astronomical techniques, Astronomical instrumentation, Astronomy data analysis
State-space Representation of Matérn and Damped Simple Harmonic Oscillator Gaussian Processes. Gaussian processes (GPs) are used widely in the analysis of astronomical time series. GPs with rational spectral densities have state-space representations which allow ${ \mathcal O }(n)$ evaluation of the likelihood. We calculate analytic state space representations for the damped simple harmonic oscillator and the Matérn 1/2, 3/2 and 5/2 processes.

Keywords: Time series analysis
Looking for Astrometric Signals below 20 m s<SUP>-1</SUP>: A Candidate Exo-Jupiter in δ Pav. We use a combination of Hipparcos space mission data with the USNO dedicated ground-based astrometric program URAT-Bright designed to complement and verify Gaia results for the brightest stars in the south to estimate the small perturbations of observed proper motions caused by exoplanets. One of the 1423 bright stars in the program, δ Pav, stands out with a small proper motion difference between our long-term estimate and Gaia EDR3 value, which corresponds to a projected velocity of (-17, +13) m s-1. This difference is significant at a 0.994 confidence in the R.A. component, owing to the proximity of the star and the impressive precision of proper motions. The effect is confirmed by a comparison of long-term EDR3-Hipparcos and short-term Gaia EDR3 proper motions at a smaller velocity, but with formally absolute confidence. We surmise that the close Solar analog δ Pav harbors a long-period exoplanet similar to Jupiter.

Keywords: Astrometry, Exoplanets, Proper motions
Intraday Mid-infrared Variability of PMN J0948+0022 on 2020 April 26. We report a new period mid-infrared variability of PMN J0948+0022 on 2020 April 26, observed by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explore (WISE). This source faded consistently over a period of one day. The amplitude of variability is about 0.21 and 0.18 mag in the W1 (3.4 μm) and W2 (4.6 μm) bands, respectively. The intraday variability constrains the size of the mid-infrared emission region to about 5 × 10-4 pc, which is rather smaller than that of the dust torus but consistent with the base of a jet. The mid-infrared color showed a significant bluer-when-brighter trend, similar to γ-ray emitting blazars. These characteristics suggest that the mid-infrared emission was dominated by the synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons in the jet.

Keywords: Seyfert galaxies, Relativistic jets, Infrared photometry
Radial Velocities in the Fields of RR Lyr Variables NO Cas, NR Lyr, and V1176 Sgr. We report 14 radial velocities for three field stars located near the RR Lyrae variables NO Cas, NR Lyr, and V1176 Sgr. We identified the three field stars using Gaia Early Data Release 3. Two of these stars confirm the Gaia radial velocities. The third has no previously published radial velocity.

Keywords: RR Lyrae variable stars
Asteroid Lightcurves and Detection, Shape, and Size Biases in Large-scale Surveys. Most asteroids are somewhat elongated and have non-zero lightcurve amplitudes. Such asteroids can be detected in large-scale sky surveys even if their mean magnitudes are fainter than the stated sensitivity limits. We explore the detection of elongated asteroids under a set of idealized but useful approximations. We find that objects up to 1 mag fainter than a survey's sensitivity limit are likely to be detected, and that the effect is most pronounced for asteroids with lightcurve amplitudes 0.1-0.4 mag. This imposes a bias on the derived size and shape distributions of the population that must be properly accounted for.

Keywords: Surveys, Asteroids
Multicolor Photometry of the Semiregular Variable V698 Tau. We present photometric B, V, and R observations of the semiregular variable V698 Tau taken in 2020-2021. The star varies by ∼1 mag in each filter with a mean period of ∼185 days. At minimum light the star is noticeably redder in V - R than at maximum while slightly bluer in B - V. The magnitudes and colors are consistent with those of a reddened M8 giant.

Keywords: Semi-regular variable stars
A Data-driven Approach to X-Ray Spectral Fitting: Quasi-deconvolution. X-ray spectral fitting of astronomical sources requires convolving the intrinsic spectrum or model with the instrumental response. Standard forward modeling techniques have proven success in recovering the underlying physical parameters in moderate to high signal-to-noise regimes; however, they struggle to achieve the same level of accuracy in low signal-to-noise regimes. Additionally, the use of machine learning techniques on X-ray spectra requires access to the intrinsic spectrum. Therefore, the measured spectrum must be effectively deconvolved from the instrumental response. In this note, we explore numerical methods for inverting the matrix equation describing X-ray spectral convolution. We demonstrate that traditional methods are insufficient to recover the intrinsic X-ray spectrum and argue that a novel approach is required.

Keywords: X-ray astronomy, Computational astronomy, Astronomical methods