Sarmila/GeoWiki-Features huggingface dataset:
Kwango River. The Cuango or Kwango (;;) is a transboundary river of Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo. It is the largest left bank tributary of the Kasai River in the Congo River basin. It flows through Malanje in Angola.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
It flows through Malanje in Angola. The Kwango River basin has large resources of diamonds in the Chitamba-Lulo Kimberlite Cluster in Lunda Norte Province, discovered in the main river channel and on flats and terraces in its flood plains. In the 19th century, the Kwango River was also called the Quango, especially in the works of explorer David Livingstone. History.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
In the 19th century, the Kwango River was also called the Quango, especially in the works of explorer David Livingstone. History. The Rund Kingdom, which expanded to become the Lunda Empire, encompassed territory stretching from Kwango River to the Luapula River. Its rulers partook in the slave trade.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
Its rulers partook in the slave trade. Lunda's expansion in the valley promoted a common political and cultural heritage while also promoting slave trading, accounting for the low population densities between the Kwango and Kwilu rivers. The Portuguese colonized the Kwango River valley and usurped the Kingdom of Kasanje.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
The Portuguese colonized the Kwango River valley and usurped the Kingdom of Kasanje. The Kwango River was subject to a Portuguese treaty signing in Lisbon on 25 May 1891, and the Declaration of 24 March 1894. Cuango, located in Lunda Norte Province within the Cuango River Valley, is considered to be &quot;in the diamond heartland of northeastern Angola&quot;, the richest diamond area in Angola.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
The provinces of Lunda Norte and Lund Sul in the river valley account for largest number of diamond mines in the valley and in Angola. Prospecting permits have been awarded to BRC, extending to an area of between Tembo and Kasonga Lunda over the Kwango River stretch of about.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
Kwango River. The Cuango or Kwango (;;) is a transboundary river of Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo. It is the largest left bank tributary of the Kasai River in the Congo River basin. It flows through Malanje in Angola.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
surface_form: cuango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
Its rulers partook in the slave trade. Lunda's expansion in the valley promoted a common political and cultural heritage while also promoting slave trading, accounting for the low population densities between the Kwango and Kwilu rivers. The Portuguese colonized the Kwango River valley and usurped the Kingdom of Kasanje.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
surface_form: kwilu
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -10.9603
lon: 19.3156
The Portuguese colonized the Kwango River valley and usurped the Kingdom of Kasanje. The Kwango River was subject to a Portuguese treaty signing in Lisbon on 25 May 1891, and the Declaration of 24 March 1894. Cuango, located in Lunda Norte Province within the Cuango River Valley, is considered to be &quot;in the diamond heartland of northeastern Angola&quot;, the richest diamond area in Angola.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: cuango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
surface_form: cuango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
Prospecting permits have been awarded to BRC, extending to an area of between Tembo and Kasonga Lunda over the Kwango River stretch of about. Under the mining license held by Soiadale de Desenvolvimento Mineiro (SDM), the areas of production is on the Tazua and Ginge River diversions on the Cuango.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: cuango
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.3713888888889
lon: 17.358055555556
Thereafter, it empties into the Congo River. Rising in the Lunda plateau, the river forms a deep valley. The Kwango River is long from its source to its confluence with Congo River, of which lies in Angola. The river drains a total catchment area of. Its right bank tributaries are the Wamba and Kwilu rivers. Navigation. The Cuango has a number of falls and rapids.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kwilu
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -10.9603
lon: 19.3156
surface_form: wamba
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Angola
Democratic Republic of the Congo
coordinates: lat: -3.91427
lon: 17.18874
The designs for the mosaics of the church were done by Cesare Vagarini. The work itself was carried out by the Monticelli company of Rome, which was also responsible for the mosaic decoration in Barluzzi's churches at Mount Tabor (the Church of the Transfiguration) and the Gethsemane Garden (the Church of All Nations). Tomb.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Mount Tabor
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.68625
lon: 35.392916666667
In that year X &quot;Fretensis&quot;, in conjunction with V &quot;Macedonica&quot;, XII &quot;Fulminata&quot;, and XV &quot;Apollinaris&quot;, began the siege of Jerusalem, stronghold of the rebellion. The Xth camped on the Mount of Olives. During the siege, Legio X gained fame in the effective use of their various war machines.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Mount of Olives
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 31.777946
lon: 35.245686
Rainbow Mountain (Alabama). Rainbow Mountain is a mountain in Madison county, Alabama. The mountain's name is derived from the name of Elisha Rainbolt, who settled on the mountain around 1810. Geology. 1. Below the main elevated mass of the mountain is Fort Payne Chert. 3. Monteagle Limestone. 4. On the very top sits Hartselle Sandstone.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: a mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 32.2925
lon: -106.69777777778
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 63.3090952
lon: -145.6326361
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 34.73473611111111
lon: -86.72911666666667
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 36.1080241
lon: -115.4902857
Rainbow Mountain (Alabama). Rainbow Mountain is a mountain in Madison county, Alabama. The mountain's name is derived from the name of Elisha Rainbolt, who settled on the mountain around 1810. Geology. 1. Below the main elevated mass of the mountain is Fort Payne Chert. 3. Monteagle Limestone. 4. On the very top sits Hartselle Sandstone.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 63.3090952
lon: -145.6326361
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 34.73473611111111
lon: -86.72911666666667
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 36.1080241
lon: -115.4902857
Some rocks have ripple marks on them. The landscape is karstic, riddled with sinkholes and small grottos. Archeology. Paleoindian arrowheads were reportedly found on the Rainbow Mountain. It would make sense that local people found shelter in the limestone crevices. Rainbow Mountain Nature Preserve. A 65-acre nature preserve owned by the City of Madison is located on the mountain.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 63.3090952
lon: -145.6326361
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 34.73473611111111
lon: -86.72911666666667
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 36.1080241
lon: -115.4902857
Archeology. Paleoindian arrowheads were reportedly found on the Rainbow Mountain. It would make sense that local people found shelter in the limestone crevices. Rainbow Mountain Nature Preserve. A 65-acre nature preserve owned by the City of Madison is located on the mountain. The preserve has over three miles of hiking trails, which are managed by the Land Trust of North Alabama.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 63.3090952
lon: -145.6326361
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 34.73473611111111
lon: -86.72911666666667
surface_form: rainbow mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 36.1080241
lon: -115.4902857
Due to the prevalence of caves, waterfalls, chasms, mountains and natural wonders, Speight labelled the valley as one of the &quot;wonders of Yorkshire&quot;, and another writer noting the valley's place between Ingleborough and the flanks of Whernside, said that the valley appeared as &quot;..a green strip of silk connecting two webs of the coarseth cloth.&quot; The dale is also unusual in that it has a railway viaduct at either end.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
surface_form: Whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
surface_form: whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
This road runs parallel to the B6255, and provides access to the Waterfalls Walk. The Domesday Book records the whole area around Selside, Ribblesdale, Clapham, Newby and Chapel-le-Dale as being held by Thorfin of Ravensworth. Ingleton was held by Earl Tosti and belonged to the hundred of Amounderness.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Ribblesdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.144333333333336
lon: -2.296333333333333
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: ribblesdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.144333333333336
lon: -2.296333333333333
This railway only ran trains of stone down to Ingleton railway station for onward transportation, and closed down in 1924. Walking is a popular past-time through the dale; in 1887 two Giggleswick schoolmasters inadvertently created the Three Peaks Challenge by climbing Ingleborough and seeing the good weather, descended through Chapel-le-Dale to Whernside, and later Pen-y-ghent.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Pen-y-ghent
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.155277777778
lon: -2.2497222222222
surface_form: pen-y-ghent
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.155277777778
lon: -2.2497222222222
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
surface_form: whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
Wainwright's long-distance walk, a Pennine Journey, wends its way through the dale going up both valley sides. The Dales High Way crosses the valley from Ingleborough over to Dentdale. The Dales High Way at the head of the dale follows the route of the Craven Way (an ancient packhorse route) over Little Deep Dale and past Blea Moor. River names.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: dentdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.278
lon: -2.454
The rock on the basement floor of the valley has no trace of fossilisation, so they were assumed to be of Precambrian age, however, carbon dating has shown them to be some 480 million years old, making them part of the Ordovician era. The scarring from the ice has left the valley as what is termed a &quot;U-shaped valley&quot;, like other Yorkshire Dales such as Upper Wharfedale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: wharfedale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 53.88333
lon: -1.45
Wainwright's long-distance walk, a Pennine Journey, wends its way through the dale going up both valley sides. The Dales High Way crosses the valley from Ingleborough over to Dentdale. The Dales High Way at the head of the dale follows the route of the Craven Way (an ancient packhorse route) over Little Deep Dale and past Blea Moor. River names.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: deep dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 53.24
lon: -1.856
surface_form: deep dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.54
lon: -1.99
Chapel-le-Dale (valley). Chapel-le-Dale is west-facing valley in the Yorkshire Dales, England. The U-shaped valley of Chapel-le-Dale is one of the few which drain westwards towards the Irish Sea, however, the river that flows through the valley has several names with the Environment Agency and the Ordnance Survey listing it as the River Doe.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale (valley)
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
Chapel-le-Dale (valley). Chapel-le-Dale is west-facing valley in the Yorkshire Dales, England. The U-shaped valley of Chapel-le-Dale is one of the few which drain westwards towards the Irish Sea, however, the river that flows through the valley has several names with the Environment Agency and the Ordnance Survey listing it as the River Doe.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
However, some older texts insist the name of the watercourse through the dale is the River Greta, which runs from a point below the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale, and onwards past Ingleton. The dale is sparsely populated with only one settlement, the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale, which has a small chapel.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
The dale has several names, most are tied to the rivers in the dale, with Doedale, Chapeldale, and Upper Gretadale common terms for the area. Before the chapel was built in the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale, the valley was known as Wisedale (or Wasedale/Weasdale), with the chapel building causing a name change for the valley area.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
By the 12th century, the vaccaries (Medieval cattle farms) at Southerscales, Querneside (Whernside), and Winterscales, were in the possession of Furness Abbey. An assessment of the estates held by Furness in 1535 (just before the Dissolution) estimated that Upper Ribblesdale and Chapel-le-Dale were rated as being £76 and 9 shillings ().

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: ribblesdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.144333333333336
lon: -2.296333333333333
Collectively, Southerscales, Winterscales and Bruntscar were worth £24, 17 shillings and 4 pence (). Since the Dissolution, livestock farming has been the predominant lasting occupation for those who lived in the dale. Quarrying was carried out at the lower end of Chapel-le-Dale and many workers came in either from, or brought prosperity to Ingleton.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
In 2015, about eleven farms were still active in the dale, one of these was at Gunnerfleet in the upper dale which bred the renowned &quot;Gunnerfleet Limousin cattle&quot;. The nearest railway station is at the head of the dale (railway station on the Settle-Carlisle Line), which is east of the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
The paper stated that the Ordnance Survey dictated that the River Greta started at the confluence of the two rivers from Kingsdale and Chapel-le-Dale some upstream of the viaduct in Ingleton.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
The local opinion was always that the river or beck flowing down Kingsdale was the tributary of the river flowing down Chapel-le-Dale, and thus, the river upstream of the viaduct to God's Bridge was known as the River Greta.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
Noted writer on Dales history, Marie Hartley, states in her book, &quot;The Yorkshire Dales&quot;
Ordnance Survey mapping from between 1892 and 1914 shows the River Doe to be flowing down Kingsdale, and the River Greta to be flowing down Chapel-le-Dale, and named as the Greta from God's Bridge. Modern OS mapping lists the two rivers as Kingsdale Beck, and the River Doe through Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
Noted writer on Dales history, Marie Hartley, states in her book, &quot;The Yorkshire Dales&quot;
Ordnance Survey mapping from between 1892 and 1914 shows the River Doe to be flowing down Kingsdale, and the River Greta to be flowing down Chapel-le-Dale, and named as the Greta from God's Bridge. Modern OS mapping lists the two rivers as Kingsdale Beck, and the River Doe through Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
Etymology. The dale has various names, as it extends from Ribblehead Viaduct westwards to Ingleton, and is drained by Winterscales Beck, Chapel Beck, the River Doe, and becoming the River Greta at Ingleton. As such it is known as Chapeldale, Chapel le Dale, Chapel-le-Dale, Dale Beck, Doedale, Twisleton Dale, and Upper Gretadale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
As such it is known as Chapeldale, Chapel le Dale, Chapel-le-Dale, Dale Beck, Doedale, Twisleton Dale, and Upper Gretadale. In addition, the river through Chapel-le-Dale was historically also known as &quot;Ingleton Beck&quot; (and that through adjacent Kingsdale as &quot;Thornton Beck&quot;).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
Ice flows shaped the valley of Chapel-le-Dale by eating away at the limestone between Whernside and Ingleborough. A glacier moved south-westwards from Newby Head and Cam Fell splitting at Ribblehead, with most of the flow carving out Ribblesdale, and a smaller section carving out Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: ribblesdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.144333333333336
lon: -2.296333333333333
Winterscales Beck drains Whernside and Blea Moor, but in times of normal flow, will disappear into the cave system below Chapel-le-Dale at Haws Gill Wheel, before re-appearing at God's Bridge, further down the valley beyond the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
John Self states that the river must be a torrent, as you can &quot;stand in the dry [river]bed and see debris in the trees several metres above.&quot; Water also enters the dale via the cave systems underneath the plateau of Scales Moor () as Dale Barn Cave carries water from Kingsdale into Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
In 1800, John Housman travelled up Kingsdale and across Scales Moor, standing at the head of the dale, and due to its well-rained and farmed nature between the two peaks of Whernside and Ingleborough, he said that it looked like &quot;a green strip of cloth connecting two webs of the coarseth cloth.&quot;
Settlements and governance.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
surface_form: whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
There was a village at Southerscales on the northern flank of Ingleborough, but this has been recorded as a deserted medieval village. The population of the dale in 1879 was given as 1,125, and after the 2011 Census, it was estimated to be 108. St Leonards Church in the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale was built in the late 17th century as a chapel of ease to the church in Ingleton.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
Since 1991, access to the Battlefield cavern has been provided (which is) in, by a team of Cornish tin miners who blasted away the rock. Also popular, at the southern end of the dale is the Ingleton Waterfalls Trail, which has several waterfalls on both the Kingsdale Beck and the river flowing down Chapel-le-Dale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
Great Douk Cave, Meregill Hole and Gatekirk cave were all subject to assessment for at least five species of bat. However, the dale of Upper Wharfedale between Kettlewell and Yockenthwaite were favoured by the bats over Chapel-le-Dale, which is thought to be down to the greater insect densities, and also low water noise which would not be too detrimental to the bats' echo-location.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: chapel-le-dale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.189
lon: -2.403
Raistrick describes the wonder of being able to touch the ages by holding a hand across the layers and touching what is in effect 300 million years of geology. The head of the dale is at the viaduct of Ribblehead, with water flowing westwards as Winterscales Beck in the upper dale, and the flow of the River Ribble flowing southwards to form Ribblesdale.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ribblesdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.144333333333336
lon: -2.296333333333333
History. Chapel-le-Dale lies between the two highest mountains in Yorkshire; Ingleborough to the south, and Whernside to the north. The dale has several names, most are tied to the rivers in the dale, with Doedale, Chapeldale, and Upper Gretadale common terms for the area.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
surface_form: whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
The common name for the dale is taken from the chapel in the hamlet of Chapel-le-Dale (the chapel of St Leonard). Geology and geomorphology. Ice carved out the Yorkshire Dales in the Anglian, Wolstonian and the Devensian stages of geological history. Ice flows shaped the valley of Chapel-le-Dale by eating away at the limestone between Whernside and Ingleborough.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
The river system is known for its brown trout in the middle of the dale, and for its trout, sea trout and salmon in the Ingleton Glens area. There are several protected areas with designations within the valley: Southerscales, which is part of the Ingleborough Nature Reserve, is also an SSSI, and an SAC - it is also protected by a Limestone Pavement Order (LPO).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ingleborough
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.165833333333
lon: -2.3975
The Domesday Book records the whole area around Selside, Ribblesdale, Clapham, Newby and Chapel-le-Dale as being held by Thorfin of Ravensworth. Ingleton was held by Earl Tosti and belonged to the hundred of Amounderness. By the 12th century, the vaccaries (Medieval cattle farms) at Southerscales, Querneside (Whernside), and Winterscales, were in the possession of Furness Abbey.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: whernside
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.227777777778
lon: -2.4033333333333
Alfred Wainwright's Walking in Limestone Country describes a circular clockwise walk from Ingleton travelling up Kingsdale as &quot;..the valley of the Doe, and returning to Ingleton down the valley of the Greta.&quot; Likewise, another writer describes Ingleton as the place where the rivers Doe and Greta meet, having the river Greta named before the river's confluence.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: kingsdale
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 54.192
lon: -2.461
Hunting, reindeer husbandry and habitat degradation through forestry led to their near complete extinction in Finland by the end of the 19th century. In 1700, in Russia the population was concentrated in Kandalaksha (&quot;Kantalahti)&quot; and Lake Onega &quot;(Äänisjärvi))&quot; but hunting and reindeer farming wiped them out in that area as well.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Onega
instance_of: Lake
countries: Russia
Russian Empire
Soviet Union
coordinates: lat: 61.690555555556
lon: 35.655555555556
Railways. St Briavels railway station was a station along the Wye Valley Railway. It was built in 1876 during the construction of the line on the Monmouthshire side of the River Wye at Bigsweir, and was intended to serve the nearby villages of St Briavels, across the river in the Forest of Dean, and Llandogo, which is further down the Wye Valley.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Wye Valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 51.69255
lon: -2.66283
El Cariso, California. El Cariso is an unincorporated community in Riverside County, California. It lies along the Ortega Highway, just west of where it crosses the crest of the Santa Ana Mountains a few miles southwest of Lake Elsinore. It lies within the Trabuco District of the Cleveland National Forest.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Elsinore
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 33.660069444444
lon: -117.35183888889
Hamilton-Leslie turned his own house into a garrison. In 1716, after the defeat of the Jacobites, George I appointed Hamilton-Leslie as governor of Stirling Castle to compensate him for his property losses during the insurgency. Hamilton-Leslie held this command until 1722. He was also named chamberlain of Fife and Strathearn. John Hamilton-Leslie died on 9 May 1722 at Leslie House.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Strathearn
instance_of: Valley
countries: United Kingdom
coordinates: lat: 56.3325
lon: -3.6825
The highest peak is Bjelolasica-Kula at 1533 m.a.s.l. It overlooks Velebit, Plješivica, islands Krk, Cres, Lošinj, and the Kvarner Gulf. Velika Kapela belongs to the Dinaric Alps, and it stretches from the Gorski Kotar region in the west, to the Mala Kapela and Lika in the east, from the Ogulin-Plaški valley in the north, and to the Vinodol coastline in the south.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Ogulin-Plaški valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Croatia
coordinates: lat: 45.188624
lon: 15.284755
Velika Kapela is mainly composed of karst — limestone rocks. On the Velika Kapela, there are many protected areas and landscapes. The famous are White cliffs and Samarske cliffs (), and Klek above Frankopan town of Ogulin. Infrastructure. An old road used to run from Vitunj over Lumbarda mountain through Bjelsko (by Potok Musulinski) and Gvozd to Drežnica, and from there to Ledenica and Bribir.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Klek
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Croatia
coordinates: lat: 45.26033333
lon: 15.14547222
Pumpkin Glacier. Pumpkin Glacier is a glacier in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. It is northeast of Blackfoot Mountain and adjacent to Pumpelly Glacier, the two glaciers separated by crevasses. Pumpkin Glacier covers approximately at elevations between and above sea level. Pumpkin Glacier is immediately west of the Continental Divide.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Blackfoot Mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.5819
lon: -113.668
Biography. Hartley graduated from Arroyo High School in San Lorenzo, California in 1960. He served a mission for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in the Eastern States Mission and the Cumorah Mission from 1962 to 1964. Hartley received both his bachelor's and master's degrees from Brigham Young University (BYU). He did course work towards a Ph.D.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Cumorah
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.0062
lon: -77.224
It is part of the North Cascades, a subset of the Cascade Range. Magic Mountain is situated southeast of Cascade Pass on the shared border of North Cascades National Park and Glacier Peak Wilderness. The nearest peak is Pelton Peak to the northeast, and the nearest higher peak is Hurry-up Peak to the south. The Yawning Glacier and Cache Col Glacier rest on its northern flank.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Pelton Peak
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.44874
lon: -121.03289
surface_form: Hurry-up Peak
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.43402
lon: -121.03789
Magic Mountain (Washington). Magic Mountain is a mountain summit located on the shared boundary of Skagit County and Chelan County in Washington state. It is part of the North Cascades, a subset of the Cascade Range. Magic Mountain is situated southeast of Cascade Pass on the shared border of North Cascades National Park and Glacier Peak Wilderness.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: magic mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.446
lon: -121.041379
Magic Mountain (Washington). Magic Mountain is a mountain summit located on the shared boundary of Skagit County and Chelan County in Washington state. It is part of the North Cascades, a subset of the Cascade Range. Magic Mountain is situated southeast of Cascade Pass on the shared border of North Cascades National Park and Glacier Peak Wilderness.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: a mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 32.2925
lon: -106.69777777778
surface_form: chelan
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.841111111111
lon: -120.04638888889
surface_form: magic mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.446
lon: -121.041379
It is part of the North Cascades, a subset of the Cascade Range. Magic Mountain is situated southeast of Cascade Pass on the shared border of North Cascades National Park and Glacier Peak Wilderness. The nearest peak is Pelton Peak to the northeast, and the nearest higher peak is Hurry-up Peak to the south. The Yawning Glacier and Cache Col Glacier rest on its northern flank.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: glacier peak
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.11194444444445
lon: -121.11416666666666
surface_form: glacier peak
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.14972222
lon: -109.84944444
surface_form: glacier peak
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.155013
lon: -117.293429
surface_form: magic mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.446
lon: -121.041379
Magic Mountain is situated southeast of Cascade Pass on the shared border of North Cascades National Park and Glacier Peak Wilderness. The nearest peak is Pelton Peak to the northeast, and the nearest higher peak is Hurry-up Peak to the south. The Yawning Glacier and Cache Col Glacier rest on its northern flank. Magic Mountain is at the northern end of the Ptarmigan Traverse.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: cache col
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.4484594
lon: -121.0528892
The nearest peak is Pelton Peak to the northeast, and the nearest higher peak is Hurry-up Peak to the south. The Yawning Glacier and Cache Col Glacier rest on its northern flank. Magic Mountain is at the northern end of the Ptarmigan Traverse. Surface runoff on the north side the mountain drains into the Stehekin River, while precipitation drains into the Cascade River from the southwest side.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: magic mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.446
lon: -121.041379
Surface runoff on the north side the mountain drains into the Stehekin River, while precipitation drains into the Cascade River from the southwest side. Climate. Magic Mountain is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts coming off the Pacific Ocean travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: magic mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.446
lon: -121.041379
Brown State Fishing Lake. Brown State Fishing Lake (sometimes also known as Brown State Fishing Lake And Wildlife Area) is a protected area in Brown County, Kansas in the United States. The lake is 62 acres (0.25 km2) in area and up to 13 feet (4 m) deep. The area was formerly known as Brown County State Park, and is 8 miles (13 km) east of Hiawatha, Kansas.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: brown state fishing lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.8483
lon: -95.375
surface_form: brown state fishing lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.8483
lon: -95.375
Brown State Fishing Lake. Brown State Fishing Lake (sometimes also known as Brown State Fishing Lake And Wildlife Area) is a protected area in Brown County, Kansas in the United States. The lake is 62 acres (0.25 km2) in area and up to 13 feet (4 m) deep. The area was formerly known as Brown County State Park, and is 8 miles (13 km) east of Hiawatha, Kansas.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: brown state fishing lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.8483
lon: -95.375
Umanka (river). The Umanka (Ukrainian: Уманка) is a river in Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine. It is a tributary of the Yatran River, which it enters southeast of Uman.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: уманка
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Ukraine
coordinates: lat: 48.657
lon: 30.3658
surface_form: umanka
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Ukraine
coordinates: lat: 48.657
lon: 30.3658
Umanka (river). The Umanka (Ukrainian: Уманка) is a river in Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine. It is a tributary of the Yatran River, which it enters southeast of Uman.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: umanka (river)
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Ukraine
coordinates: lat: 48.657
lon: 30.3658
They departed the Shortlands on 11 October 1942 bound for Tassafaronga Point on the north coast of Guadalcanal escorted by six destroyers — four of them also carrying reinforcements — and covered by a force of heavy cruisers and destroyers which planned to distract Allied forces by bombarding Henderson Field on Guadalcanal.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Tassafaronga Point
instance_of: Landform
countries: Solomon Islands
coordinates: lat: -9.368055555555555
lon: 159.86416666666668
Hardberg (Black Forest). Hardberg (Schwarzwald) is a mountain at the western edge of the Black Forest in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: hardberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 49.54
lon: 8.80361
surface_form: hardberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 48.7854
lon: 8.23278
Hardberg (Black Forest). Hardberg (Schwarzwald) is a mountain at the western edge of the Black Forest in Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: hardberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 49.54
lon: 8.80361
surface_form: württemberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 48.7821
lon: 9.26867
surface_form: hardberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 48.7854
lon: 8.23278
Castle Hill, Townsville. Castle Hill is a heritage-listed isolated pink granite monolith in the suburb of Castle Hill, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Its Indigenous name is Cootharinga, sometimes written as Cooderinga. It rises to a height of some above sea level and dominates the city skyline. It is one of the most distinctive natural features on the Queensland coast.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill, townsville
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
Castle Hill, Townsville. Castle Hill is a heritage-listed isolated pink granite monolith in the suburb of Castle Hill, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Its Indigenous name is Cootharinga, sometimes written as Cooderinga. It rises to a height of some above sea level and dominates the city skyline. It is one of the most distinctive natural features on the Queensland coast.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
It rises to a height of some above sea level and dominates the city skyline. It is one of the most distinctive natural features on the Queensland coast. There are a number of vantage points from which to view the city below and also across Cleveland Bay to nearby Magnetic Island. Castle Hill (as a hill) was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register in 1993. Geography and features.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
There is a former quarry site on the southern slopes, accessed via Stagpole Street, and on the northern cliff face a large graffiti of 'The Saint' is painted. The bitumen &quot;Castle Hill Road&quot; winds for from the northeast slopes to the summit of the second peak, on which the Hynes Lookout platform has been erected. There are several buildings and installations on the hill.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
The decision to accept the monument was opposed by two councillors, one claiming that Robert Towns had done nothing for Townsville and it was only sheer good luck that caused the city to bear his name. A local resident, Tom Gleeson, proposed &quot;high on the peak of Castle Hill, overlooking the harbour&quot; would be a suitable location for the monument.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
Having arrived in Townsville, the monument was then placed in storage for a number of years. It was not until October 1947 that the Council discussed where to place the monument. A number of locations were considered: Castle Hill, the Botanic Gardens, in front of the Queens Hotel, the Anzac Memorial Park and the Railway Oval, but Castle Hill was ultimately the council's choice.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
A number of locations were considered: Castle Hill, the Botanic Gardens, in front of the Queens Hotel, the Anzac Memorial Park and the Railway Oval, but Castle Hill was ultimately the council's choice. In February 1948, the Queensland Government gave its approval to the council to place the monument in the centre of the car parking area on the top of Castle Hill.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
In February 1948, the Queensland Government gave its approval to the council to place the monument in the centre of the car parking area on the top of Castle Hill. Over two years later, in November 1949, the monument was finally placed on Castle Hill, where it stands to the present day. A plaque was added to explain the origins of the monument. Flora.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
This prominent link between urban life and nature largely determined the disordered layout of Townsville's streets and in the late 19th century was frequented for recreational pursuits such as botanising and nature study. Townsville residents also illegally plundered timber and firewood from Castle Hill. Wild goats further ravaged the native vegetation.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
Townsville residents also illegally plundered timber and firewood from Castle Hill. Wild goats further ravaged the native vegetation. By the late 1880s, the Townsville Herald (1822–97) voiced considerable public outrage at the continued denudation of Castle Hill. These concerns were part of Queensland-wide debates on forest resource use and conservation.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
These concerns were part of Queensland-wide debates on forest resource use and conservation. In an innovative approach to conservation, the Townsville Municipal Council applied to the Crown to establish the Hill as a reserve under their protective trusteeship, and on 30 June, Castle Hill was gazetted a Recreation Reserve of.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
However, despite the appointment of Crown Land Rangers and later, a Conservator of Trees for Castle Hill, the council was able to do little to restore the tree cover of the reserve during the depression years of the 1890s.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
Alderman Edward Downs and EJ Banfield privately planted various trees through the 1890s, including the surviving banyans, but by the 20th century, popular interest in preserving the natural vegetation of Castle Hill had waned. Small areas of the reserve were excised in the 1890s for water reserves and quarrying, but by 1900 it remained an unimproved reserve of close to.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
Small areas of the reserve were excised in the 1890s for water reserves and quarrying, but by 1900 it remained an unimproved reserve of close to. Only into the 1930s did the Council appear to directly address the Castle Hill environment.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
The road up Castle Hill was closed to traffic on 12 March 1942 to enable the construction of the above-ground Green Street Bunker near Sidney Street, West End. Unconfirmed reports indicate approval was given for the construction of an underground Area Combined Headquarters in Castle Hill in 1943. Development.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
In 1983 a further were granted to Yarrawonga Pty Ltd under special lease as a potential development site. The Yarrawonga subdivision is situated in the foothills of Castle Hill. With views of North Ward and Magnetic Island; it has been described as the most expensive real estate outside south-east Queensland and is noted for its elevation and large homes, precariously placed on the foothills.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801
With views of North Ward and Magnetic Island; it has been described as the most expensive real estate outside south-east Queensland and is noted for its elevation and large homes, precariously placed on the foothills. There have been at least two attempts to raise the height of Castle Hill so that it would qualify as a mountain. Heritage listing.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: castle hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -19.2584
lon: 146.801