Sarmila/GeoWiki-Features huggingface dataset:
Formed towards the end of the Pleistocene Epoch, these mountains are underlain by more ancient volcanoes that subsided due to parallel north–south faulting in the surrounding region. The Indian Heaven field lies east of Vancouver, Washington and to the north of the Columbia River. The Indian Heaven volcanic field lies between Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams, about southwest of the latter.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Mount St. Helens
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.200277777778
lon: -122.18944444444
surface_form: st. helens
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.200277777778
lon: -122.18944444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.0867
lon: -74.0258
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 38.0075
lon: -105.605
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.320555555556
lon: -71.291388888889
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
The Lone Butte tuya volcano erupted through this glacier, which had a thickness of. Eruptive history and potential hazards. One of Indian Heaven's vents produced a large effusive eruption about 9,000 years ago, forming the Big Lava Bed, which consisted of basaltic lava. With an area of and a volume of, the Big Lava Bed mostly consists of unvegetated basalt.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Big Lava Bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
surface_form: big lava bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
Blue Lake was carved by glacial motion. One of the most popular camping spots is the Goose Lake Campground, which is frequented by fishermen, boaters, and swimmers. Operated by the United States Forest Service, the campground remains open from July through October.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.9411888
lon: -121.7644477
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.8466112
lon: -97.2727864
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 41.967777777778
lon: -90.402222222222
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.0393356
lon: -122.7915002
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 61.1956
lon: -149.821
surface_form: goose lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.47021
lon: -87.52014
Indian Heaven consists of several, overlapping shield volcanoes that run along a line from Sawtooth Mountain at the north to Red Mountain to the south, as well as cinder cones, lava flows, and spatter cones (low, steep-sided hills or mounds that consist of welded lava fragments).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 33.4867
lon: -86.8064
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.3918
lon: -121.145
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.150277777778
lon: -113.39916666667
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.60041
lon: -120.98678
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 35.5231
lon: -111.876
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.415277777778
lon: -121.46694444444
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.45588
lon: -121.3891607
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.064444444444
lon: -117.24638888889
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.2979
lon: -119.441
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 42.26751
lon: -74.54952
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.5356
lon: -113.424
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.1122
lon: -105.181
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.9036
lon: -107.702
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.9783
lon: -110.872
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.0699611
lon: -121.772014
Major vents. The Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution lists a number of major vents at Indian Heaven, including the Big Lava Bed pyroclastic cone, produced by the most recent eruption in the field; the Bird Mountain, East Crater, Gifford Peak, Lemei Rock, Red Mountain, and Sawtooth Mountain shield volcanoes; and the Lone Butte tuya volcano.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 33.4867
lon: -86.8064
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.3918
lon: -121.145
surface_form: bird mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 41.1414
lon: -74.8589
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.150277777778
lon: -113.39916666667
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.60041
lon: -120.98678
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 35.5231
lon: -111.876
surface_form: lemei rock
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.01817
lon: -121.7598
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.415277777778
lon: -121.46694444444
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.45588
lon: -121.3891607
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.064444444444
lon: -117.24638888889
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.2979
lon: -119.441
surface_form: big lava bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
surface_form: big lava bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 42.26751
lon: -74.54952
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 48.5356
lon: -113.424
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.1122
lon: -105.181
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.9036
lon: -107.702
surface_form: red mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.9783
lon: -110.872
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.0699611
lon: -121.772014
The Big Lava Bed pyroclastic cinder cone has a smooth slope, and produced the Big Lava Bed flow, which represents the newest eruptive activity within the entire Indian Heaven field. Red Mountain, which has an elevation of, marks the southernmost point of the shield volcanoes in the volcanic field, while Sawtooth Mountain is the northernmost volcano. Recreation.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: big lava bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The Blue Lake trail in the Indian Heaven wilderness area runs for; together with the Lemei Lake Trail, it forms a loop that last. A moderate hike, it offers views of lakes, ponds, meadows, and forests, as well as access to popular fishing lakes like Dee Lake, Heather Lake, Thomas Lake, and Eunice Lake. These lakes are also popular swimming spots, particularly among hikers with children.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: eunice lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.9553815
lon: -121.8779863
surface_form: thomas lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.473611111111
lon: -89.390277777778
surface_form: heather lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.4096
lon: -110.9362
Ultimately, the flow extended from its initial source vent, an unnamed cinder cone. It came within of the Columbia River. Another, more ancient lava flow that was especially fluid encompassed the Trout Lake area and extended several miles south, also nearing the Columbia River. Highly voluminous, it also features lava tubes.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.5377039
lon: -73.7045568
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 27.646944444444
lon: -81.5075
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.0431
lon: -89.6708
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.1625
lon: -74.3245
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.824444444444
lon: -107.885
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.266125
lon: -122.27959
surface_form: trout lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.9006
lon: -110.131
Helens and Mount Adams, about southwest of the latter. The Simcoe Mountains volcanic field is located to the east. To the southwest lies a diffuse volcanic belt of at least 22 volcanic centers, in length, that runs in a southeast-trending direction and includes Marble Mountain, Bare Mountain, West Crater, and Trout Creek Hill. The field has a diameter of, with a total area of.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: bare mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 43.675277777778
lon: -75.073888888889
surface_form: west crater
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.874
lon: -122.084
surface_form: marble mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 58.64139
lon: -136.30333
surface_form: marble mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 40.7309
lon: -75.161
surface_form: bare mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 42.3037
lon: -72.5314
surface_form: trout creek hill
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.8365
lon: -121.995
The Big Lava Bed pyroclastic cinder cone has a smooth slope, and produced the Big Lava Bed flow, which represents the newest eruptive activity within the entire Indian Heaven field. Red Mountain, which has an elevation of, marks the southernmost point of the shield volcanoes in the volcanic field, while Sawtooth Mountain is the northernmost volcano. Recreation.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.150277777778
lon: -113.39916666667
surface_form: sawtooth mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.0699611
lon: -121.772014
Similar to other Cascade volcanoes, the Indian Heaven volcanoes were fed by magma chambers produced by the subduction of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate under the western edge of the North American tectonic plate. The field may share a deep magma chamber with Mount St.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: mount st. helens
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.200277777778
lon: -122.18944444444
surface_form: st. helens
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.200277777778
lon: -122.18944444444
Volcanoes within the field have produced smaller amounts of basaltic andesite and andesite with silicon dioxide compositions up to 59 percent, though dacite is not very common among Indian Heaven eruptive products. Unlike Mount St. Helens, the Indian Heaven field has generated large volumes of basalt but has not caused extensive crustal melting.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
However, trails can vary in difficulty for horseback riders and hikers. The Lake Wapiki trail, in length, gains in elevation and provides scenic views of Mount Adams and Mount Rainier. The Blue Lake trail in the Indian Heaven wilderness area runs for; together with the Lemei Lake Trail, it forms a loop that last.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: mount rainier
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.85166666666667
lon: -121.76027777777777
surface_form: rainier
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.85166666666667
lon: -121.76027777777777
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.0867
lon: -74.0258
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 38.0075
lon: -105.605
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.320555555556
lon: -71.291388888889
surface_form: adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
Indian Heaven. Indian Heaven is a volcanic field in Skamania County in the state of Washington, in the United States. Midway between Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams, the field dates from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene epoch.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Geography. Located in Skamania County in the state of Washington, Indian Heaven volcanic field is part of the High Cascades, an eastern segment of the Cascade Range, which trends north–south. Formed towards the end of the Pleistocene Epoch, these mountains are underlain by more ancient volcanoes that subsided due to parallel north–south faulting in the surrounding region.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Formed towards the end of the Pleistocene Epoch, these mountains are underlain by more ancient volcanoes that subsided due to parallel north–south faulting in the surrounding region. The Indian Heaven field lies east of Vancouver, Washington and to the north of the Columbia River. The Indian Heaven volcanic field lies between Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams, about southwest of the latter.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Wilderness. The Indian Heaven Wilderness, which encompasses an area of, lies within a forested high plateau region. It includes subalpine meadows, the volcanic field and a number of other volcanic features, more than 150 lakes, and forests. Created in 1984 by the Washington Wilderness Bill, it sits between Mount Adams and the Columbia River Gorge, a canyon of the Columbia River.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.0867
lon: -74.0258
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 38.0075
lon: -105.605
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.320555555556
lon: -71.291388888889
surface_form: adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
With a total magma output of, the field has about 50 mafic eruptive edifices (rich in magnesium and iron), whose activity lasted from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene. Roughly half of these vents mark a mountainous highland, in length, which runs parallel to the north–south trend of the Cascade Arc in southern Washington state.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: washington
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.616666666667
lon: -122.26472222222
Indian Heaven has been significantly altered through glacial erosion, including at least four major periods of glaciation. During the Hayden Creek Glaciation from 190,000 to 130,000 years ago, the Lewis River glacier advanced from Mount Adams to fill the Lewis River canyon, partly overlapping the Indian Heaven volcanic field.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.0867
lon: -74.0258
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 38.0075
lon: -105.605
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.320555555556
lon: -71.291388888889
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
Nonetheless, the Volcano Hazards Program directed by the United States Geological Survey lists Indian Heaven's volcanic threat level as &quot;Low/Very Low&quot;. To assess threats from possible lava flows at Indian Heaven or at nearby Mount Adams, geologists from the United States Geological Survey headed by W. E.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.0867
lon: -74.0258
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 38.0075
lon: -105.605
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.320555555556
lon: -71.291388888889
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
surface_form: mount adams
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
With an area of and a volume of, the Big Lava Bed mostly consists of unvegetated basalt. It moved to the south down the Little White Salmon River drainage, which it filled for of its length. Ultimately, the flow extended from its initial source vent, an unnamed cinder cone. It came within of the Columbia River.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: cinder cone
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 40.547386111111
lon: -121.31997222222
To the southwest lies a diffuse volcanic belt of at least 22 volcanic centers, in length, that runs in a southeast-trending direction and includes Marble Mountain, Bare Mountain, West Crater, and Trout Creek Hill. The field has a diameter of, with a total area of. The tallest point within the field is the Lemei Rock shield volcano, which reaches an elevation of. Wilderness.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: lemei rock
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.01817
lon: -121.7598
These lakes are also popular swimming spots, particularly among hikers with children. Before it merges with the Pacific Crest Trail, the route arrives at the Blue Lake, which has a depth of and marks the deepest lake within the entire wilderness. Blue Lake was carved by glacial motion.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 27.4354
lon: -81.5117
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 27.4354
lon: -81.5117
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 41.1635044
lon: -74.2603249
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 41.1635044
lon: -74.2603249
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.1666
lon: -86.6321
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.1666
lon: -86.6321
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.415277777778
lon: -121.51861111111
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.415277777778
lon: -121.51861111111
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 40.501944444444
lon: -114.03222222222
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 40.501944444444
lon: -114.03222222222
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.68
lon: -119.282
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 37.68
lon: -119.282
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.017222222222
lon: -95.005
surface_form: blue lake
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 47.017222222222
lon: -95.005
Operated by the United States Forest Service, the campground remains open from July through October. A designated camp site near Thomas and Blue Lakes within the wilderness was created by wilderness managers for the Gifford Pinchot National Forest, with the hope that it would mitigate resource damage in high use area and focus visitor use impact to smaller, more compact areas.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: blue lakes
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 39.170398
lon: -123.01134
Ecology. The plateau that contains the Indian Heaven Wilderness features forests, which are predominantly made up of Pacific silver fir, noble fir, and subalpine fir trees, though there are also Western red cedars, mountain hemlock, grand firs, and Engelmann spruce.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: hemlock
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 42.718611111111
lon: -77.608888888889
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Human history. Indian Heaven and the surrounding wilderness area have played an important role in local Native American life for about 10,000 years. The vicinity was originally called &quot;Sahalee Tyee&quot; by native peoples, meaning &quot;Up Above Land” or “Heaven Land,” a concept that was anglicized into “Indian Heaven”.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Eruptive history and potential hazards. One of Indian Heaven's vents produced a large effusive eruption about 9,000 years ago, forming the Big Lava Bed, which consisted of basaltic lava. With an area of and a volume of, the Big Lava Bed mostly consists of unvegetated basalt. It moved to the south down the Little White Salmon River drainage, which it filled for of its length.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: big lava bed
instance_of: Landform
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.88373
lon: -121.74869
Indian Heaven. Indian Heaven is a volcanic field in Skamania County in the state of Washington, in the United States. Midway between Mount St. Helens and Mount Adams, the field dates from the Pleistocene to the early Holocene epoch.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The northernmost peak in the field is Sawtooth Mountain and the southernmost is Red Mountain; its highest point is Lemei Rock at an elevation of. Indian Heaven features both polygenetic and monogenetic volcanic activity; many of its volcanoes have only erupted once before coming extinct, while others have erupted several times.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Indian Heaven features both polygenetic and monogenetic volcanic activity; many of its volcanoes have only erupted once before coming extinct, while others have erupted several times. Approximately 50 eruptive centers lie within the Indian Heaven field, which also has approximately 40 lava flows. The field's eruptive output totals, with sporadic activity taking place for the past 700,000 years.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The last volcanic activity in the field produced a large cinder cone, Big Lava Bed, as well as a voluminous lava and scoria flows about 9,000 years ago. Future activity is possible, though the Volcano Hazards Program directed by the United States Geological Survey considers Indian Heaven's volcanic threat level to be low.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Future activity is possible, though the Volcano Hazards Program directed by the United States Geological Survey considers Indian Heaven's volcanic threat level to be low. The volcanic field is surrounded by the Indian Heaven Wilderness, a protected wilderness area within the Gifford Pinchot National Forest, supporting diverse flora and fauna.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The volcanic field is surrounded by the Indian Heaven Wilderness, a protected wilderness area within the Gifford Pinchot National Forest, supporting diverse flora and fauna. The local area has been inhabited by Native American populations for about 10,000 years, and the name Indian Heaven derives from the indigenous name for the vicinity.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The field has a diameter of, with a total area of. The tallest point within the field is the Lemei Rock shield volcano, which reaches an elevation of. Wilderness. The Indian Heaven Wilderness, which encompasses an area of, lies within a forested high plateau region. It includes subalpine meadows, the volcanic field and a number of other volcanic features, more than 150 lakes, and forests.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Many of the area's lakes get stocked with trout species like cutthroat, rainbow, and brook trout. Amphibians such as frogs can be found in the wilderness, while terrestrial animals in the area include deer, elk, and American black bears. Because of the abundance of mosquitoes within the vicinity, Indian Heaven is sometimes informally referred to as Insect Heaven. Human history.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Later fires helped maintain the fields by drying their berries. From 1902 to the mid-1920s, local tribes including the Yakama, Klickitat, Wasco-Wishram, and Umatilla, as well as Native American groups from Montana and Wyoming gathered in the Indian Heaven area during the summers for annual huckleberry feasts.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: klickitat
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 46.202411111111
lon: -121.49089444444
In 1932, the Yakama Nation and the United States Forest Service agreed to set aside a portion of the Berry Fields for exclusive Indian use; the harvest remains an important local tradition. Today, the marks from the Race Track, a meadow used by Native Americans for horse racing, can be seen about off the segment of the Pacific Crest Trail that crosses through the Indian Heaven wilderness.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Geology. The area near the Indian Heaven vicinity is composed of Western Cascade rocks from the Eocene to Miocene including andesite, tuffs, mud flows, pyroclastic flow deposits, and other volcaniclastic materials, as well as High Cascade rocks that date from between the Pliocene and Holocene epochs.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The Indian Heaven field resides within the syncline's trough, and it consists of High Cascade rocks, which are far less altered than the surrounding rock strata. Similar to other Cascade volcanoes, the Indian Heaven volcanoes were fed by magma chambers produced by the subduction of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate under the western edge of the North American tectonic plate.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Roughly half of these vents mark a mountainous highland, in length, which runs parallel to the north–south trend of the Cascade Arc in southern Washington state. Most of the volcanoes that comprise the Indian Heaven field are monogenetic, only erupting once before becoming extinct. The rest are polygenetic shield volcanoes.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The rest are polygenetic shield volcanoes. About 80 percent of the lava erupted by Indian Heaven volcanoes consists of basalt; it represents the most voluminous Quaternary basalt produced by a volcanic field in the Cascade Arc north of Newberry Volcano in Oregon, with an eruptive output volume between.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Highly voluminous, it also features lava tubes. These lava tubes can be found at many of the lava flows that comprise the Indian Heaven volcanic field, which range from basaltic to andesitic in composition, and extend as far as from their source vents.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
The field also has tuyas, such as Lone Buttle, which formed as flat and steep volcanic cones created by lava that erupted through glaciers or ice sheets. Lone Butte in particular erupted through a glacier in the Indian Heaven field, building its upper cone above water and generating pyroclastic materials, lava flows, and tephra to reach a height of above its base.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Activity at the volcanic field has occurred sporadically for the past 700,000 years. Therefore, it remains likely that volcanoes from the field will erupt in the future, generating voluminous lava flows. Nonetheless, the Volcano Hazards Program directed by the United States Geological Survey lists Indian Heaven's volcanic threat level as &quot;Low/Very Low&quot;.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
They found that Indian Heaven's average burial rate was low, but noted that Indian Heaven &quot;has had a large lava flow in the past 10,000 years.&quot; Estimating the probability of lava flows from Indian Heaven covering a certain point in the zone surrounding the field, the geologists arrived at a range between one in 100,000 to one in a million. Major vents.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Red Mountain, which has an elevation of, marks the southernmost point of the shield volcanoes in the volcanic field, while Sawtooth Mountain is the northernmost volcano. Recreation. Within the Indian Heaven Wilderness, visitors can fish in lakes and ponds, hike, backpack, ride horses, and view wildlife. A popular trail is the Indian Heaven loop, which runs for from the Cultus Creek campground.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Following the Indian Heaven Trail to Deep Trail and then Lemei Lake Trail, it passes through meadows and lakes to join the Pacific Crest Trail before it returns to the Cultus Creek campground where it starts. After the climb from the final paved road to enter the wilderness area, which lasts about, hiking in Indian Heaven is relatively undemanding.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: indian heaven
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 45.933333333333
lon: -121.81666666667
Both species are largely absent from the highlands of New Guinea. Victoria's riflebirds are found on the Atherton Tablelands of Queensland, Australia, from just south of Cooktown to just south of Townsville. Paradise riflebirds are found in southeast Queensland and northeast New South Wales, Australia. Riflebirds are widespread throughout their ranges. Diet and feeding.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Atherton Tableland
instance_of: Plateau
countries: Australia
coordinates: lat: -17.16666667
lon: 145.53333333
History. In the beginning of the 19th century, several small towns in Vermont's Green Mountains, including Morristown, began supplying lumber from their forests. The Central Vermont Railroad was established in 1849 to transport this supply from the mountains to Burlington (the state's commercial center and a port on Lake Champlain).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Champlain
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
Canada
coordinates: lat: 44.53
lon: -73.33
For their terminal they chose the relatively flat mountain township of Waterbury. This would open up new heights of demand for Morristown, located just away. In 1866 the speculative Mt. Mansfield Railroad Company raised $10,000 to build a line around its namesake mountain, from Waterbury to Morrisville.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: namesake mountain
instance_of: Mountain
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.543611111111
lon: -72.814166666667
However, this plan fell through three years later when the Portland and Ogensburg Railroad began planning a Maine-New York throughway. On its way from Atlantic coastal New England to Lake Ontario (itself a transportation hub for the Midwest and Canada) the line could be opened to Morrisville lumber transport as long as the village agreed to build and maintain its own station and roadways.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Ontario
instance_of: Lake
countries: Canada
United States
coordinates: lat: 43.72888888888889
lon: -78.10638888888889
History. During the Ottoman Period, the Menashe Hills formed part of Turabay Emirate (1517-1683), which encompassed also the Jezreel Valley, Haifa, Jenin, Beit She'an Valley, Mount Carmel, northern Jabal Nablus, and the northern part of the Sharon plain.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Jezreel Valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.596388888889
lon: 35.241944444444
surface_form: Beit She'an Valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.4794
lon: 35.5058
surface_form: jezreel
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.557852777778
lon: 35.327952777778
surface_form: beit she'an valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.4794
lon: 35.5058
surface_form: jezreel
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.596388888889
lon: 35.241944444444
Despite this immigration, the area was not very populated.'
Geography. While Manasseh hill country (Ramat Menashe) is part of the mountain range, it is just 200 m above sea level on average, and peaks at 400 m. The plateau is bordered by the Jezreel Valley to the northeast, Wadi Milh (the Yokne'am Stream) to the northwest, Wadi Ara to the southeast, and the Nadiv Valley to the southwest.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Jezreel Valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.596388888889
lon: 35.241944444444
surface_form: jezreel
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.557852777778
lon: 35.327952777778
surface_form: jezreel
instance_of: Valley
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.596388888889
lon: 35.241944444444
Despite this immigration, the area was not very populated.'
Geography. While Manasseh hill country (Ramat Menashe) is part of the mountain range, it is just 200 m above sea level on average, and peaks at 400 m. The plateau is bordered by the Jezreel Valley to the northeast, Wadi Milh (the Yokne'am Stream) to the northwest, Wadi Ara to the southeast, and the Nadiv Valley to the southwest.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: ramat menashe
instance_of: Mountain
Plateau
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.583333333333
lon: 35.133333333333
Manasseh Hills. The Manasseh Hills or hill country of Manasseh, directly derived from Hebrew: Menashe Heights (), called Bilad ar-Ruha in Arabic, meaning &quot;Land of Winds&quot;, is a geographical region in northern Israel, located on the Carmel Range, between Mount Carmel and Mount Amir/Umm al-Fahm. Etymology.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: manasseh hills
instance_of: Mountain
Plateau
countries: Israel
coordinates: lat: 32.583333333333
lon: 35.133333333333
With help from Ginny Fiennes and Giles Kershaw, they built a base camp near the SANAE III base. They named the base camp Ryvingen, after the nearby Ryvingen Peak. Burton, Shepard, Ranulph Fiennes, and Ginny Fiennes (and their dog Bothie) remained at this base all winter, in four cardboard huts which quickly became buried in the snow.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Ryvingen Peak
instance_of: Mountain
coordinates: lat: -72.91666667
lon: -3.48333333
Their journey was the first open boat transit of the Northwest Passage from West to East, and covered around, taking a route through Dolphin and Union Strait following the South coast of Victoria and King William Islands, North, via Franklin Strait and Peel Sound, to Resolute Bay (on the southern side of Cornwallis Island), around the South and East coasts of Devon Island, through Hell Gate (near Cardigan Strait) and across Norwegian Bay to Eureka, Greely Bay and the head of Tanquary Fiord.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Peel Sound
instance_of: Watercourse
countries: Canada
coordinates: lat: 73
lon: -96.5
Between Tuktoyaktuk and Tanquary Fiord, they traveled at an average speed of around per day. Once they reached Tanquary Fiord they had to trek overland, via Lake Hazen, to Alert, Nunavut, before setting up their winter base camp. Impact.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Hazen
instance_of: Lake
countries: Canada
coordinates: lat: 81.79722222222222
lon: -71.01666666666667
Weickertshöhe. Weickertshöhe is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: weickertshöhe
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 49.9933
lon: 9.4753
Hernando de Escalante Fontaneda, a Spaniard who was held captive by Florida Indians from 1545 until 1566, described the Calusa realm as extending from Tanpa, at the mouth of Charlotte Harbor, down the coast to Muspa, at the southern end of Marco Island, and inland to Guacata on Lake Mayaimi (Lake Okeechobee).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Okeechobee
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 26.933333333333
lon: -80.8
They had the highest population density of South Florida; estimates of total population at the time of European contact range from 10,000 to several times that, but these are speculative. Calusa political influence and control also extended over other tribes in southern Florida, including the Mayaimi around Lake Okeechobee, and the Tequesta and Jaega on the southeast coast of the peninsula.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Okeechobee
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 26.933333333333
lon: -80.8
For better prospects of life, Akazais migrated to adjoining area and cities within Pakistan. Akazais who migrated from Tor Ghar are now living in Tehsil Oghi (adjoining Tor Ghar), Pakhal Valley and Konsh Valley - Chinarkot Mansehra district, Malikpura - Abbottabad, Khalabat Township, Haripur, Karachi, Rawalpindi and Burhan in District Attock.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Konsh Valley
instance_of: Valley
countries: Pakistan
coordinates: lat: 34.58
lon: 73.15
Edakkal. Edakkal is a remote location in Wayanad district of Kerala, India, the site of the Edakkal Caves. The tallest mountain in the district, Ambukuthi mala, is located here. Above the caves are views of the mountainous junction of the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Ambukuthi mala
instance_of: Mountain
countries: India
coordinates: lat: 11.62979167
lon: 76.23395833
Hinode Peak. Hinode Peak () is a small coastal peak, high, located southwest of Cape Hinode on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped from surveys and air photos by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1957–62, and named Hinode-yama (sunrise mountain).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: small
instance_of: Mountain
coordinates: lat: -70.5
lon: 64.7
surface_form: hinode peak
instance_of: Mountain
coordinates: lat: -68.1667
lon: 42.5833
Hinode Peak. Hinode Peak () is a small coastal peak, high, located southwest of Cape Hinode on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped from surveys and air photos by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1957–62, and named Hinode-yama (sunrise mountain).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: hinode peak
instance_of: Mountain
coordinates: lat: -68.1667
lon: 42.5833
Hinode Peak. Hinode Peak () is a small coastal peak, high, located southwest of Cape Hinode on the coast of Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped from surveys and air photos by the Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, 1957–62, and named Hinode-yama (sunrise mountain).

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: hinode-yama
instance_of: Mountain
coordinates: lat: -68.1667
lon: 42.5833
The Bundesliga club 1. FC Kaiserslautern therefore became interested in the attacker and Ferdinand completed a trial training on the Betzenberg through the mediation of Fritz Walter. A two-year contract had already been signed, but Koblenz refused to release him so he remained in the club for the 1965–66 Regionalliga.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Betzenberg
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Germany
coordinates: lat: 49.43319406
lon: 7.79042244
Chiasso, a border town to Italy and located in the immediate vicinity of Lake Como, developed into a formative experience for Ferdinand. He took particular interest in Ticino with its mild climate, the picturesque towns on Lake Maggiore, Lake Lugano and Lake Como were very impressive for the newcomer from Aachen. He was also fond of Italian cuisine, which had been foreign to him before.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Maggiore
instance_of: Lake
countries: Switzerland
Italy
coordinates: lat: 46.098055555555554
lon: 8.714722222222223
surface_form: Lake Lugano
instance_of: Lake
countries: Switzerland
Italy
coordinates: lat: 46
lon: 9
The building has been named for Birger Jarl who traditionally is attributed as the founder of Stockholm, but it was built several hundred years later and the name is mostly the product of a 17th-century myth. Stockholm literally translates to &quot;Log-Islet&quot;, and according to that myth the city was founded where a log drifting ashore from Lake Mälar. History.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Mälar
instance_of: Lake
countries: Sweden
coordinates: lat: 59.5
lon: 17.2
Allotoca meeki. &quot;Allotoca meeki&quot;, commonly known as the Zirahuen allotoca or the &quot;tiro de Zirahuén&quot;, is a species of fish endemic to Lake Zirahuén, a small endorheic mountain lake in Michoacán state of central Mexico. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist Seth Eugene Meek (1859-1914) who wrote the first review of the fishes of Mexico. Conservation.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Zirahuén
instance_of: Lake
countries: Mexico
coordinates: lat: 19.435888888889
lon: -101.7395
It is situated in the Huánuco Region, Huamalíes Province, Tantamayo District. The site was declared a National Cultural Heritage by &quot;Resolución Directoral&quot; No. 533/INC on June 18, 2002. Isog lies on the northern slope of the mountain Susupillo, which is also the name of the archaeological site south of Isog.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Susupillo
instance_of: Mountain
countries: Peru
coordinates: lat: -9.4
lon: -76.6844
Annual precipitation in Chicago is moderate and relatively evenly distributed, the driest months being January and February and the wettest July and August. Chicago's weather is influenced during all four seasons by the nearby presence of Lake Michigan. Official locations.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Michigan
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.007874
lon: -86.756451
At O'Hare, temperatures as low as have been recorded as late as April 7 and May 21, respectively. Conversely, in official records, the earliest high occurred on June 1, 1934, when official readings were taken closer to Lake Michigan. Though rare, triple-digit heat has occurred in late May at Midway Airport and in outlying suburban locations.

Geographic entities mentioned:
surface_form: Lake Michigan
instance_of: Lake
countries: United States
coordinates: lat: 44.007874
lon: -86.756451