Package: postnormalism
postnormalism: PostgreSQL Schema Managementpostnormalism is Not an Object Relational Mapper (NORM) it is a lightweight and simple-to-use Python library for managing PostgreSQL database schemas. It provides an easy way to define tables and functions, organize schema items, and create them in a database with a specified load order.FeaturesDefine schemas, tables, views, triggers and functions using Python dataclassesCreate database items with commentsGroup related database items and create them within a single transactionCreate a Database object that allows loading database items in a specified load order and managing database extensionsexists mode for loading database items with IF NOT EXISTS and OR REPLACESQL Migration LoaderNORM vs. ORM: Features Comparisonpostnormalism is a lightweight and simple-to-use Python library for managing PostgreSQL database schemas. It does not possess all the characteristics of a full-fledged ORM, focusing mainly on schema management and organization.Here is a comparison of postnormalism's features with typical ORM characteristics:Object-oriented representation: postnormalism does not map database tables to classes or table rows to instances. Instead, it uses dataclasses to represent schema items, like tables and functions, for organizing and generating schema items.Abstraction: postnormalism provides a smidgen of abstraction for creating schema items, but doesn't bother with things like query generation.Query generation: postnormalism does not include a query builder or DSL for constructing database queries. It focuses on schema management, not query generation.  You are the query generator.Transactions and concurrency: postnormalism kindly allows you to group related schema items and create them within a single transaction. However, it knows when to draw the line and leaves transaction management and concurrency handling for other database operations to more heavyweight solutions.Schema management: postnormalism excels at schema management by allowing you to excel at schema management. Create schema items and load them in a specified order.Relationships and associations: postnormalism doesn't get entangled in relationships or associations between tables or objects. After all, it's just a simple library with simple needs.  You have to understand your schema.Data validation and constraints: postnormalism doesn't have time for built-in data validation or constraint enforcement. But fear not, you can still define constraints in your schema items.Caching: postnormalism believes in living in the moment, so caching mechanisms to improve performance are left to others.Should you require a complete ORM solution for your project, consider using a full-fledged ORM like SQLAlchemy or Django's ORM for Python. postnormalism is for those brave souls who seek a lightweight way to manage PostgreSQL schemas without all the bells and whistles.InstallationYou can install postnormalism using pip:pipinstallpostnormalismUsageDefining Database ItemsTo define a table or a function, use theTableandFunctiondataclasses from thepostnormalismmodule:frompostnormalism.schemaimportSchema,Table,Function,View,TriggerDefine a Schemafrompostnormalismimportschemacreate="""CREATE SCHEMA basic_auth;"""comment="""COMMENT ON SCHEMA basic_auth IS$$ The basic auth schema $$;"""basic_auth=schema.Schema(create=create,comment=comment)Define a Tablefrompostnormalism.schemaimportTablecreate_table_sql="""CREATE TABLE material (id uuid PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),name varchar(120) NOT NULL,description varchar(240));"""Material=Table(create=create_table_sql)Define a Postgresql Functionfrompostnormalism.schemaimportFunctioncreate_function_sql="""CREATE FUNCTION get_material_for_variant(variant uuid)RETURNS uuidAS $$material_plan = plpy.prepare("SELECT material FROM material_variant WHERE id = $1",["uuid"])material = plpy.execute(material_plan, [variant])[0]["material"]return material$$ LANGUAGE plpython3u;"""comment_function_sql="""COMMENT ON FUNCTION get_material_for_variant IS$$ An example function $$;"""get_material_for_variant=Function(create=create_function_sql,comment=comment_function_sql)Creating Database Items in a DatabaseTo create database items in a PostgreSQL database, use theDatabaseclass:importpsycopgfrompostnormalism.schemaimportDatabasefromyour_example_fileimportMaterial,get_material_for_variant,Player,Inventory,basic_authuniverse=Database(load_order=[basic_auth,Material,get_material_for_variant,[Player,Inventory],# example of grouping DatabaseItems into a transaction],extensions=['uuid-ossp','plpython3u','pgcrypto'])db_connection_string="dbname=test user=postgres password=secret host=localhost port=port"connection=psycopg.connect(db_connection_string)cursor=connection.cursor()universe.create(cursor)connection.commit()connection.close()Using exists ModeCalling Database.create with exists=True inserts IF NOT EXISTS or OR REPLACE into all of your CREATE statements allowing you to easily add new items.universe.create(cursor,exists=True)Doing migrationsUpdate yourDatabaseItems and write your SQL migration transaction.  If you create your Database instance with
amigrations_folderthey will run during the create call.  Migration files should ideally be prefixed with a
load order (ex: 0001) and must end with.sql.universe=Database(load_order=[Material,get_material_for_variant,[Player,Inventory],# example of grouping DatabaseItems into a transaction],extensions=['uuid-ossp','plpython3u','pgcrypto'],migrations_folder='/example/folder/path')ContributingPlease submit a pull request or create an issue if you have any suggestions or improvements.Licensepostnormalism is released under the MIT License. See theLICENSEfile for more information.