Package: manypex
ManyPEX=======.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/parsely/manypex.svg?branch=master:target: https://travis-ci.org/parsely/manypexManyPEX is a fork of the PEX project that adds support for manylinux wheels.We have `a PR <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/316>`_ open to get thisfunctionality into PEX, but it has been open since late 2016 with no signs ofprogress. As we (and many other users) needed this feature, we decided to forkfor now.pex is a library for generating .pex (Python EXecutable) files which areexecutable Python environments in the spirit of `virtualenvs <http://virtualenv.org>`_.pex is an expansion upon the ideas outlined in`PEP 441 <http://legacy.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0441/>`_and makes the deployment of Python applications as simple as ``cp``.  pex files may eveninclude multiple platform-specific Python distributions, meaning that a single pex filecan be portable across Linux and OS X.pex files can be built using the ``pex`` tool.  Build systems such as `Pants<http://pantsbuild.org/>`_, `Buck <http://facebook.github.io/buck/>`_, and  `{py}gradle <https://github.com/linkedin/pygradle>`_  alsosupport building .pex files directly.Still unsure about what pex does or how it works?  Watch this quick lightningtalk: `WTF is PEX? <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NmpnGhRwsu0>`_.pex is licensed under the Apache2 license.Installation============To install pex, simply.. code-block:: bash$ pip install pexYou can also build pex in a git clone using tox:.. code-block:: bash$ tox -e py27-package$ cp dist/pex ~/binThis builds a pex binary in ``dist/pex`` that can be copied onto your ``$PATH``.The advantage to this approach is that it keeps your Python environment as empty aspossible and is more in-line with what pex does philosophically.Simple Examples===============Launch an interpreter with ``requests``, ``flask`` and ``psutil`` in the environment:.. code-block:: bash$ pex requests flask 'psutil>2,<3'Or instead freeze your current virtualenv via requirements.txt and execute it anywhere:.. code-block:: bash$ pex -r <(pip freeze) -o my_virtualenv.pex$ deactivate$ ./my_virtualenv.pexRun webserver.py in an environment containing ``flask`` as a quick way to experiment:.. code-block:: bash$ pex flask -- webserver.pyLaunch Sphinx in an ephemeral pex environment using the Sphinx entry point ``sphinx:main``:.. code-block:: bash$ pex sphinx -e sphinx:main -- --helpBuild a standalone pex binary into ``pex.pex`` using the ``pex`` console_scripts entry point:.. code-block:: bash$ pex pex -c pex -o pex.pexYou can also build pex files that use a specific interpreter type:.. code-block:: bash$ pex pex -c pex --python=pypy -o pypy-pex.pexMost pex options compose well with one another, so the above commands can bemixed and matched.  For a full list of options, just type ``pex --help``.Integrating pex into your workflow==================================If you use tox (and you should!), a simple way to integrate pex into yourworkflow is to add a packaging test environment to your ``tox.ini``:.. code-block:: ini[testenv:package]deps = pexcommands = pex . -o dist/app.pexThen ``tox -e package`` will produce a relocateable copy of your applicationthat you can copy to staging or production environments.Documentation=============More documentation about pex, building .pex files, and how .pex files workis available at https://pex.readthedocs.io.Development===========pex uses `tox <https://testrun.org/tox/en/latest/>`_ for test and development automation.  To runthe test suite, just invoke tox:.. code-block:: bash$ toxIf you don't have tox, you can generate a pex of tox:.. code-block::$ pex tox -c tox -o ~/bin/toxContributing============To contribute, follow these instructions: http://pantsbuild.org/howto_contribute.htmlRelease Notes=============1.3.2.post2-----* Fix a couple typos in README and setup.py1.3.2.post1-----* First release of manypex fork. Our hope is this will eventually be unnecessary, but for now this fork is the only place to get `#316 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/316>`_ merged.1.3.2-----* Add blacklist handling for skipping requirements in pex resolver #457`#457 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/457>`_1.3.1-----This is a bugfix release for a regression that inadvertently went out in 1.3.0.* scrub path when not inheriting (#449)`#449 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/449>`_* Fix up inherits_path tests to use new values (#450)`#450 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/450>`_1.3.0-----* inherit_path allows 'prefer', 'fallback', 'false' (#444)`#444 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/444>`_1.2.16------* Change PEX re-exec variable from ENV to os.environ (#441)`#441 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/441>`_1.2.15------* Bugfix for entry point targeting + integration test (#435)`#435 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/435>`_1.2.14------* Add interpreter constraints option and use constraints to search for compatible interpreters at exec time (#427)`#427 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/427>`_1.2.13------* Fix handling of pre-release option. (#424)`#424 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/424>`_* Patch sys module using pex_path from PEX-INFO metadata (#421)`#421 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/421>`_1.2.12------* Create --pex-path argument for pex cli and load pex path into pex-info metadata (#417)`#417 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/417>`_1.2.11------* Leverage `subprocess32` when available. (#411)`#411 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/411>`_* Kill support for python 2.6. (#408)`#405 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/405>`_`#408 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/408>`_1.2.10------* Allow passing a preamble file to the CLI (#400)`#400 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/400>`_1.2.9-----* Add first-class support for multi-interpreter and multi-platform pex construction. (#394)`#394 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/394>`_1.2.8-----* Minimum setuptools version should be 20.3 (#391)`#391 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/391>`_* Improve wheel support in pex. (#388)`#388 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/388>`_1.2.7-----* Sort keys in PEX-INFO file so the output is deterministic. (#384)`#384 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/384>`_* Pass platform for SourceTranslator (#386)`#386 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/386>`_1.2.6-----* Fix for Ambiguous Resolvable bug in transitive dependency resolution (#367)`#367 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/367>`_1.2.5-----This release follows-up on 1.2.0 fixing bugs in the pre-release resolving code paths.* Resolving pre-release when explicitly requested (#372)`#374 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/374>`_* Pass allow_prerelease to other iterators (Static, Caching) (#373)`#373 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/373>`_1.2.4-----* Fix bug in cached dependency resolution with exact resolvable. (#365)`#365 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/365>`_* Treat .pth injected paths as extras. (#370)`#370 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/370>`_1.2.3-----* Follow redirects on HTTP requests (#361)`#361 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/361>`_* Fix corner case in cached dependency resolution (#362)`#362 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/362>`_1.2.2-----* Fix CacheControl import. (#357)`#357 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/357>`_1.2.1-----This release is a quick fix for a bootstrapping bug that inadvertently went out in 1.2.0 (Issue#354).* Ensure `packaging` dependency is self-contained. (#355)`#355 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/355>`_`Fixes #354 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/354>`_1.2.0-----This release changes pex requirement resolution behavior. Only stable requirements are resolved bydefault now. The previous behavior that included pre-releases can be retained by passing `--pre` onthe pex command line or passing `allow_prereleases=True` via the API.* Upgrade dependencies to modern version ranges. (#352)`#352 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/352>`_* Add support for controlling prerelease resolution. (#350)`#350 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/350>`_`Fixes #28 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/28>`_1.1.20------* Add dummy flush method for clean interpreter exit with python3.6 (#343)`#343 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/343>`_1.1.19------* Implement --constraints in pex (#335)`#335 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/335>`_* Make sure namespace packages (e.g. virtualenvwrapper) don't break pex (#338)`#338 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/338>`_1.1.18------* Expose a PEX instance's path. (#332)`#332 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/332>`_* Check for scripts directory in get_script_from_egg (#328)`#328 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/328>`_1.1.17------* Make PEX_PATH unify pex sources, as well as requirements. (#329)`#329 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/329>`_1.1.16------* Adjust FileFinder import to work with Python 3.6. (#318)`#318 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/318>`_* Kill zipmanifest monkeypatching. (#322)`#322 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/322>`_* Bump setuptools range to latest. (#323)`#323 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/323>`_1.1.15------* Fix #309 by deduplicating output of the distribution finder. (#310)`#310 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/310>`_* Update wheel dependency to >0.26.0. (#304)`#304 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/304>`_1.1.14------* Repair Executor error handling for other classes of IOError/OSError. (#292)`#292 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/292>`_* Fix bdist_pex --pex-args. (#285)`#285 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/285>`_* Inherit user site with --inherit-path. (#284)`#284 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/284>`_1.1.13------* Repair passing of stdio kwargs to PEX.run(). (#288)`#288 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/288>`_1.1.12------* Fix bdist_pex interpreter cache directory. (#286)`#286 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/286>`_* Normalize and edify subprocess execution. (#255)`#255 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/255>`_* Don't ignore exit codes when using setuptools entry points. (#280)`#280 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/280>`_`Fixes #137 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/137>`_1.1.11------* Update cache dir when bdist_pex.run is called directly.`#278 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/278>`_`Fixes #274 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/274>`_1.1.10------* Improve failure modes for os.rename() as used in distribution caching.`#271 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/271>`_`Fixes #265 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/265>`_1.1.9-----* Bugfix: Open setup.py in binary mode.`#264 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/264>`_`Fixes #263 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/263>`_1.1.8-----* Bugfix: Repair a regression in `--disable-cache`.`#261 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/261>`_`Fixes #260 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/260>`_1.1.7-----* Add README and supported python versions to PyPI description.`#258 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/258>`_* Use `open` with utf-8 support.`#231 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/231>`_* Add `--pex-root` option.`#206 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/206>`_1.1.6-----This release is a quick fix for a regression that inadvertently went out in 1.1.5 (Issue #243).* Fix the ``bdist_pex`` ``setuptools`` command to work for python2.`#246 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/246>`_`Fixes #243 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/243>`_* Upgrade pex dependencies on ``setuptools`` and ``wheel``.`#244 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/244>`_`Fixes #238 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/238>`_1.1.5-----* Fix ``PEXBuilder.clone`` and thus ``bdist_pex --pex-args`` for ``--python`` and ``--python-shebang``.`#234 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/234>`_`Fixes #233 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/233>`_* Fix old ``pkg_resources`` egg version normalization.`#227 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/227>`_`Fixes #226 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/226>`_* Fix the ``inherit_path`` handling.`#224 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/224>`_* Fix handling of bad distribution script names when used as the pex entrypoint.`#221 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/221>`_`Fixes #220 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/220>`_1.1.4-----This release is a quick fix for a regression that inadvertently went out in 1.1.3 (Issue #216).* Add a test for the regression in ``FixedEggMetadata._zipinfo_name`` and revert the breaking commit.`Fixes #216 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/216>`_1.1.3-----This release includes an initial body of work towards Windows support, ABI tag support for CPython 2.x and a fix for version number normalization.* Add python 2.x abi tag support.`#214 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/214>`_`Fixes #213 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/213>`_* Add .idea to .gitignore.`#205 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/205>`_* Don't normalize version numbers as names.`#204 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/204>`_* More fixes for windows.`#202 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/202>`_* Fixes to get pex to work on windows.`#198 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/198>`_1.1.2-----* Bump setuptools & wheel version pinning.`#194 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/194>`_* Unescape html in PageParser.href_match_to_url.`#191 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/191>`_* Memoize calls to Crawler.crawl() for performance win in find-links based resolution.`#187 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/187>`_1.1.1-----* Fix infinite recursion when ``PEX_PYTHON`` points at a symlink.`#182 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/182>`_* Add ``/etc/pexrc`` to the list of pexrc locations to check.`#183 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/183>`_* Improve error messaging for platform constrained Untranslateable errors.`#179 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/179>`_1.1.0-----* Add support for ``.pexrc`` files for influencing the pex environment. See the notes `here<https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/blob/master/docs/buildingpex.rst#tailoring-pex-execution-at-build-time>`_.`#128 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/128>`_.* Bug fix: PEX_PROFILE_FILENAME and PEX_PROFILE_SORT were not respected.`#154 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/154>`_.* Adds the ``bdist_pex`` command to setuptools.`#99 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/99>`_.* Bug fix: We did not normalize package names in ``ResolvableSet``, so it was possible to depend on``sphinx`` and ``Sphinx-1.4a0.tar.gz`` and get two versions build and included into the pex.`#147 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/147>`_.* Adds a pex-identifying User-Agent. `#101 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/101>`_.1.0.3-----* Bug fix: Accommodate OSX ``Python`` python binaries.  Previously the OSX python distributions shippedwith OSX, XCode and available via https://www.python.org/downloads/ could fail to be detected usingthe ``PythonInterpreter`` class.Fixes `#144 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/144>`_.* Bug fix: PEX_SCRIPT failed when the script was from a not-zip-safe egg.Original PR `#139 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/139>`_.* Bug fix: ``sys.exit`` called without arguments would cause `None` to be printed on stderr since pex 1.0.1.`#143 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/143>`_.1.0.2-----* Bug fix: PEX-INFO values were overridden by environment ``Variables`` with default values that werenot explicitly set in the environment.Fixes `#135 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/135>`_.* Bug fix: Since `69649c1 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/commit/69649c1>`_ we have been unpatchingthe side-effects of ``sys.modules`` after ``PEX.execute``.  This takes all modules imported duringthe PEX lifecycle and sets all their attributes to ``None``.  Unfortunately, ``sys.excepthook``,``atexit`` and ``__del__`` may still try to operate using these tainted modules, causing exceptionson interpreter teardown.  This reverts just the ``sys`` unpatching so that the abovementionedteardown hooks behave more predictably.Fixes `#141 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/141>`_.1.0.1-----* Allow PEXBuilder to optionally copy files into the PEX environment instead of hard-linking them.* Allow PEXBuilder to optionally skip precompilation of .py files into .pyc files.* Bug fix: PEXBuilder did not respect the target interpreter when compiling source to bytecode.Fixes `#127 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/127>`_.* Bug fix: Fix complex resolutions when using a cache.Fixes: `#120 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/120>`_.1.0.0-----The 1.0.0 release of pex introduces a few breaking changes: ``pex -r`` now takes requirements.txt filesinstead of requirement specs, ``pex -s`` has now been removed since source specs are accepted as arguments,and ``pex -p`` has been removed in favor of its alias ``pex -o``.The pex *command line interface* now adheres to semver insofar as backwards incompatible CLIchanges will invoke a major version change.  Any backwards incompatible changes to the PEXenvironment variable semantics will also result in a major version change.  The pex *API* adheresto semver insofar as backwards incompatible API changes will invoke minor version changes.For users of the PEX API, it is recommended to add minor version ranges, e.g. ``pex>=1.0,<1.1``.For users of the PEX CLI, major version ranges such as ``pex>=1,<2`` should be sufficient.* BREAKING CHANGE: Removes the ``-s`` option in favor of specifying directories directly asarguments to the pex command line.* BREAKING CHANGE: ``pex -r`` now takes requirements.txt filenames and *not* requirementspecs.  Requirement specs are now passed as arguments to the pex tool.  Use ``--`` to escapecommand line arguments passed to interpreters spawned by pex.  Implements`#5 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/5>`_.* Adds a number of flag aliases to be more compatible with pip command lines: ``--no-index``,``-f``, ``--find-links``, ``--index-url``, ``--no-use-wheel``.  Removes ``-p`` in favor of``-o`` exclusively.* Adds ``--python-shebang`` option to the pex tool in order to set the ``#!`` shebang to an exactpath.  `#53 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/53>`_.* Adds support for ``PEX_PYTHON`` environment variable which will cause the pex file to reinvokeitself using the interpreter specified, e.g. ``PEX_PYTHON=python3.4`` or``PEX_PYTHON=/exact/path/to/interpreter``.  `#27 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/27>`_.* Adds support for ``PEX_PATH`` environment variable which allows merging of PEX environments atruntime.  This can be used to inject plugins or entry_points or modules from one PEX intoanother without explicitly building them together. `#30 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/30>`_.* Consolidates documentation of ``PEX_`` environment variables and adds the ``--help-variables`` optionto the pex client.  Partially addresses `#13 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/13>`_.* Adds helper method to dump a package subdirectory onto disk from within a zipped PEX file.  Thiscan be useful for applications that know they're running within a PEX and would prefer somestatic assets dumped to disk instead of running as an unzipped PEX file.`#12 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/12>`_.* Now supports extras for static URLs and installable directories.`#65 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/65>`_.* Adds ``-m`` and ``--entry-point`` alias to the existing ``-e`` option for entry points inthe pex tool to evoke the similarity to ``python -m``.* Adds console script support via ``-c/--script/--console-script`` and ``PEX_SCRIPT``.  This allowsyou to reference the named entry point instead of the exact ``module:name`` pair.  Also supportsscripts defined in the ``scripts`` section of setup.py.`#59 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/59>`_.* Adds more debugging information when encountering unresolvable requirements.`#79 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/79>`_.* Bug fix: ``PEX_COVERAGE`` and ``PEX_PROFILE`` did not function correctly when SystemExit was raised.Fixes `#81 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/81>`_.* Bug fix: Fixes caching in the PEX tool since we don't cache the source distributions of installabledirectories.  `#24 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/24>`_.0.9.0-----This is the last release before the 1.0.0 development branch is started.* Change the setuptools range to >=2.2,<16 by handling EntryPoint changes as well asbeing flexible on whether ``pkg_resources`` is a package or a module.  Fixes`#55 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/55>`_ and`#34 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/34>`_.* Adds option groups to the pex tool to make the help output slightly more readable.* Bug fix: Make ``pip install pex`` work better by removing ``extras_requires`` on the``console_script`` entry point.  Fixes `#48 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/48>`_* New feature: Adds an interpreter cache to the ``pex`` tool.  If the user does not explicitlydisable the wheel feature and attempts to build a pex with wheels but does not have the wheelpackage installed, pex will download it in order to make the feature work.Implements `#47 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/47>`_ in order tofix `#48 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/48>`_0.8.6-----* Bug fix: Honor installed sys.excepthook in pex teardown.`RB #1733 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1733>`_* Bug fix: ``UrllibContext`` used ``replace`` as a keyword argument for ``bytes.decode``but this only works on Python 3.  `Pull Request #46 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/46>`_0.8.5-----* Bug fix: Fixup string formatting in pex/bin/pex.py to support Python 2.6`Pull Request #40 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/40>`_0.8.4-----* Performance improvement: Speed up the best-case scenario of dependency resolution.`RB #1685 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1685>`_* Bug fix: Change from ``uuid4().get_hex()`` to ``uuid4().hex`` to maintain Python3compatibility of pex.common.`Pull Request #39 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/39>`_* Bug fix: Actually cache the results of translation.  Previously bdist translationswould be created in a temporary directory even if a cache location was specified.`RB #1666 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1666>`_* Bug fix: Support all potential abi tag permutations when determining platformcompatibility.`Pull Request #33 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/33>`_0.8.3-----* Performance improvement: Don't always write packages to disk if they've already beencached.  This can significantly speed up launching PEX files with a largenumber of non-zip-safe dependencies.`RB #1642 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1642>`_0.8.2-----* Bug fix: Allow pex 0.8.x to parse pex files produced by earlier versions ofpex and twitter.common.python.* Pin pex to setuptools prior to 9.x until we have a chance to make changesrelated to PEP440 and the change of pkg_resources.py to a package.0.8.1-----* Bug fix: Fix issue where it'd be possible to ``os.path.getmtime`` on a remote ``Link`` object`Issue #29 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/29>`_0.8.0-----* *API change*: Decouple translation from package iteration.  This removesthe Obtainer construct entirely, which likely means if you're using PEX asa library, you will need to change your code if you were doing anythingnontrivial.  This adds a couple new options to ``resolve`` but simplifiesthe story around how to cache packages.`RB #785 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/785/>`_* Refactor http handling in pex to allow for alternate http implementations.  Adds supportfor `requests <https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests>`_,improving both performance and security.   For more information, read the commit notes at`91c7f32 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/commit/91c7f324085c18af714d35947b603a5f60aeb682>`_.`RB #778 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/778/>`_* Improvements to API documentation throughout.* Renamed ``Tracer`` to ``TraceLogger`` to prevent nondeterministic isort ordering.* Refactor tox.ini to increase the number of environment combinations and improve coverage.* Adds HTTP retry support for the RequestsContext.`RB #1303 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1303/>`_* Make pex --version correct.`Issue #19 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/19>`_* Bug fix: Fix over-aggressive sys.modules scrubbing for namespace packages.  Undercertain circumstances, namespace packages in site-packages could conflict with packageswithin a PEX, causing them to fail importing.`RB #1378 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/1378/>`_* Bug fix: Replace uses of ``os.unsetenv(...)`` with ``del os.environ[...]```Pull Request #11 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/pull/11>`_* Bug fix: Scrub sys.path and sys.modules based upon both supplied path andrealpath of files and directories.  Newer versions of virtualenv on Linux symlink site-packageswhich caused those packages to not be removed from sys.path correctly.`Issue #21 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/21>`_* Bug fix: The pex -s option was not correctly pulling in transitive dependencies.`Issue #22 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/22>`_* Bug fix: Adds ``content`` method to HTTP contexts that does HTML content decoding, fixingan encoding issue only experienced when using Python 3.`Issue #10 <https://github.com/pantsbuild/pex/issues/10>`_0.7.0-----* Rename ``twitter.common.python`` to ``pex`` and split out from the`twitter/commons <http://github.com/twitter/commons>`_ repo.0.6.0-----* Change the interpretation of ``-i`` (and of PyPIFetcher's pypi_base)to match pip's ``-i``.  This is useful for compatibility with devpi.0.5.10------* Ensures that .egg/.whl distributions on disk have their mtime updatedeven though we no longer overwrite them. This gives them a new timelease against their ttl.Without this change, once a distribution aged past the ttl it wouldnever be used again, and builds would re-create the same distributionsin tmpdirs over and over again.0.5.9-----* Fixes an issue where SourceTranslator would overwrite .egg/.whldistributions already on disk.  Instead it should always check to see ifa copy already exists and reuse if there.This ordinarily should not be a problem but the zipimporter cachesmetadata by filename instead of stat/sha, so if the underlying contentschanged a runtime error would be thrown due to seemingly corrupt zip fileoffsets. `RB #684 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/684/>`_0.5.8-----* Adds ``-i/--index`` option to the pex tool.0.5.7-----* Adds ``twitter.common.python.pex_bootstrap`` ``bootstrap_pex_env`` function inorder to initialize a PEX environment from within a python interpreter.(Patch contributed by @kwlzn)* Adds stdin=,stdout=,stderr= keyword parameters to the ``PEX.run`` function.(Patch from @benjy)0.5.6-----* The crawler now defaults to not follow links for security reasons.(Before the default behavior was to implicitly ``--follow-links`` for allrequirements.) `RB #293 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/293/>`_0.5.5-----* Improves scrubbing of site-packages from PEX environments.`RB #289 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/289/>`_0.5.1 - 0.5.4-------------* Silences exceptions reported during interpreter teardown (the exceptionsresulting from incorrect atexit handler behavior) introduced by 0.4.3`RB #253 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/253/>`_`RB #249 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/249/>`_* Adds ``__hash__`` to ``Link`` so that Packages are hashed correctly in``twitter.common.python.resolver`` ``resolve``0.5.0-----* Adds wheel support to ``twitter.common.python```RB #94 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/94/>`_`RB #154 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/154/>`_`RB #148 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/148/>`_0.4.3-----* Adds ``twitter.common.python.finders`` which are additional finders forsetuptools including:- find eggs within a .zip- find wheels within a directory- find wheels within a .zip`RB #86 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/86/>`_* Adds a new Package abstraction by refactoring Link into Link and Package.`RB #92 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/92/>`_* Adds support for PEP425 tagging necessary for wheel support.`RB #87 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/87/>`_* Improves python environment isolation by correctly scrubbing namespacepackages injected into module ``__path__`` attributes by nspkg pth files.`RB #116 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/116/>`_* Adds ``twitter.common.python.resolver`` ``resolve`` method that handlestransitive dependency resolution better.  This means that if therequirement ``futures==2.1.2`` and an unqualified ``futures>=2`` is pulled intransitively, our resolver will correctly resolve futures 2.1.2 insteadof reporting a VersionConflict if any version newer than 2.1.2 isavailable. `RB #129 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/129/>`_* Factors all ``twitter.common.python`` test helpers into``twitter.common.python.testing```RB #91 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/91/>`_* Bug fix: Fix ``OrderedSet`` atexit exceptions`RB #147 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/147/>`_* Bug fix: Fix cross-device symlinking (patch from @benjy)* Bug fix: Raise a ``RuntimeError`` if we fail to write ``pkg_resources`` into a .pex`RB #115 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/115/>`_0.4.2-----* Upgrade to ``setuptools>=1``0.4.1-----* ``twitter.common.python`` is no longer a namespace package0.4.0-----* Kill the egg distiller.  We now delegate .egg generation to bdist_egg.`RB #55 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/55/>`_0.3.1-----* Short-circuit resolving a distribution if a local exact match is found.`RB #47 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/47/>`_* Correctly patch the global ``pkg_resources`` ``WorkingSet`` for the lifetimeof the Python interpreter. `RB #52 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/52/>`_* Fixes a performance regression in setuptools ``build_zipmanifest```Setuptools Issue #154 <https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/issue/154/build_zipmanifest-results-should-be>`_`RB #53 <https://rbcommons.com/s/twitter/r/53/>`_0.3.0-----* Plumb through the ``--zip-safe``, ``--always-write-cache``, ``--ignore-errors``and ``--inherit-path`` flags to the pex tool.* Delete the unused ``PythonDirWrapper`` code.* Split ``PEXEnvironment`` resolution into ``twitter.common.python.environment``and deconflate ``WorkingSet``/``Environment`` state.* Removes the monkeypatched zipimporter in favor of keeping all eggsunzipped within PEX files.  Refactors the PEX dependency cache in``util.py``* Adds interpreter detection for Jython and PyPy.* Dependency translation errors should be made uniform.(Patch from @johnsirois)* Adds ``PEX_PROFILE_ENTRIES`` to limit the number of entries reported when``PEX_PROFILE`` is enabled. (Patch from @rgs_)* Bug fix: Several fixes to error handling in ``twitter.common.python.http``(From Marc Abramowitz)* Bug fix: PEX should not always assume that ``$PATH`` was available.(Patch from @jamesbroadhead)* Bug fix: Filename should be part of the .pex cache key or else multipleidentical versions will incorrectly resolve (Patch from @tc)* Bug fix: Executed entry points shouldn't be forced to run in anenvironment with ``__future__`` imports enabled. (Patch from@lawson_patrick)* Bug fix: Detect versionless egg links and fail fast. (Patch from@johnsirois.)* Bug fix: Handle setuptools>=2.1 correctly in the zipimport monkeypatch(Patch from @johnsirois.)0.2.3-----* Bug fix: Fix handling of Fetchers with ``file://`` urls.0.2.2-----* Adds the pex tool as a standalone tool.0.2.1-----* Bug fix: Bootstrapped ``twitter.common.python`` should declare ``twitter.common``as a namespace package.0.2.0-----* Make ``twitter.common.python`` fully standalone by consolidatingexternal dependencies within ``twitter.common.python.common``.0.1.0-----* Initial published version of ``twitter.common.python``.