Package: lightSpider
lightSpiderlightsmile个人的用于爬取网络公开语料数据的mini通用爬虫框架。声明本项目仅是本人简单尝试，系统功能并不完善。已有的特性：启用代理池，降低ip被封带来的损失风险启用多进程，加快进程爬取速度实现断点重爬，即使程序因内外在原因挂掉了，可以继续执行任务脚本继续爬取启用进度条，可实时显示当前爬取总进度与爬取速度，用户体验较好提供了爬取百度百科的实现，提供批量爬取和单项查询两种模式，简单易用邮件提醒功能，程序可以在任务执行完成后发送邮件到指定邮箱本项目并没有：验证码登录功能其他复杂功能等等。安装pipinstalllightSpider建议使用国内源来安装，如使用以下命令：pipinstall-ihttps://pypi.douban.com/simple/lightSpider使用step1: 引入必要依赖库fromlightspiderimportSpider,light,DEFAULT_PROXYstep2：编写页面解析函数如：# 编写页面解析函数@lightdefparser(response):"""必要的页面解析函数:param response: 执行Request请求后得到的Response对象，可以自由选择xpath或BeautifulSoup等方式解析处理:return: type：tuple:(解析得到的数据对象, 解析页面得到的新的tasks（要么为List，要么为None)"""html=etree.HTML(response.text)info=html.xpath('//div[@class="col-md-8"]')[0]words=[re.sub(r'\(\d+\)','',item.xpath('string(.)'))foritemininfo.xpath('./b')[:-1]]mean=info.xpath('./a/text()')[0]return{'mean':mean,'words':words},Nonestep3：编写得到tasks脚本如：tasks=[]foriinrange(1,30):tasks.append(i)step4: 创建Spider对象如：base_url='https://www.cilin.org/jyc/b_{}.html'save_format='json'spider=Spider(base_url=base_url,save_format=save_format,save_path=r'D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_search')step5: 执行Spider对象的run方法如：if__name__=='__main__':spider.run(tasks,parser)注意：if-main句式不能省略！完整示例fromlightspiderimportSpider,light,DEFAULT_PROXYfromlxmlimportetreeimportre# 编写页面解析函数@lightdefparser(response):"""必要的页面解析函数:param response: 执行Request请求后得到的Response对象，可以自由选择xpath或BeautifulSoup等方式解析处理:return: type：tuple:(解析得到的数据对象, 解析页面得到的新的tasks（要么为List，要么为None)"""html=etree.HTML(response.text)info=html.xpath('//div[@class="col-md-8"]')[0]words=[re.sub(r'\(\d+\)','',item.xpath('string(.)'))foritemininfo.xpath('./b')[:-1]]mean=info.xpath('./a/text()')[0]return{'mean':mean,'words':words},Nonetasks=[]foriinrange(1,30):tasks.append(i)base_url='https://www.cilin.org/jyc/b_{}.html'save_format='json'spider=Spider(base_url=base_url,save_format=save_format,save_path=r'D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_search')if__name__=='__main__':spider.run(tasks,parser)执行结果说明：批量爬取模式中，会在指定存储目录生成3个文件：handled.txt,result.xxx,task.txt。
其中handled.txt代表已处理的task，task.txt表示初始总的task，result.xxx表示爬取结果数据文件，格式可以选择csv和json，需要自行配合自己写的parser函数使用。如图：断点重爬效果如图：高级功能1.使用代理及启用代理池服务（可选）设置Spider的proxy参数为自己传入的代理（如{ 'http': '127.0.0.1:1080' }，默认为None），即代码修改为：proxy={'http':'127.0.0.1:1080'}spider=Spider(base_url=base_url,format=save_format,save_path=r'D:\Data\NLP\corpus\test',proxy=proxy)即可启用代理若想启用代理池服务，则需要参见Python3WebSpider/ProxyPool: Proxy Pool以进行环境配置并启动服务，代码则修改为：spider=Spider(base_url=base_url,save_format=save_format,save_path=r'D:\Data\NLP\corpus\test',proxy=DEFAULT_PROXY)2.百度百科批量爬取百科条目基本信息使用示例：fromlightspider.baikeimportinfofromlightspiderimportSpidertasks=['曹操','曹操字孟德','司马懿','自然语言处理','知识图谱','人工智能','深度学习','爬虫']spider=Spider(base_url=info.base_url,save_format=info.save_format,save_path=r'D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info')if__name__=='__main__':spider.run(tasks,info.parser)执行结果：[2020-01-1120:29:32][WARNING][MainThread][spider.py:22]指定目录不存在！将创建存储目录D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info[2020-01-1120:29:32][INFO][MainThread][spider.py:42]已处理0条数据，还需处理8条数据[2020-01-1120:29:33][INFO][MainThread][spider.py:55]开始爬取，当前时间为：2020-01-1120:29:33[2020-01-1120:29:34][INFO][MainThread][writer.py:10]写入地址为：D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info/result.json，临时文件地址为：D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info/handled.txt100%|██████████|8/8[00:01<00:00,5.69it/s][2020-01-1120:29:35][INFO][MainThread][spider.py:72]执行结束,当前时间为：2020-01-1120:29:35[2020-01-1120:29:35][INFO][MainThread][spider.py:75]本次共计耗时2.57s，共爬取数据条数为8，平均速度为：3.11(task/s)爬取内容示例：{"info":{"word":"自然语言处理","basic":{"title":"自然语言处理","description":"自然语言处理是计算机科学领域与人工智能领域中的一个重要方向。它研究能实现人与计算机之间用自然语言进行有效通信的各种理论和方法。自然语言处理是一门融语言学、计算机科学、数学于一体的科学。因此，这一领域的研究将涉及自然语言，即人们日常使用的语言，所以它与语言学的研究有着密切的联系，但又有重要的区别。自然语言处理并不是一般地研究自然语言，而在于研制能有效地实现自然语言通信的计算机系统，特别是其中的软件系统。因而它是计算机科学的一部分。自然语言处理（NLP）是计算机科学，人工智能，语言学关注计算机和人类（自然）语言之间的相互作用的领域。"},"attrs":{"中文名":"自然语言处理","外文名":"naturallanguageprocessing","适用领域":"计算机、人工智能","缩写":"NLP"},"tags":["科学百科信息科学分类","中国电子学会","科学","学科"]},"type":"signal"}{"info":{"word":"司马懿","means":[["司马懿：三国时期曹魏权臣","司马懿/9367"],["司马懿：手游《我有上将》人物角色","司马懿/21579401"],["司马懿：手游《少年三国志》中人物","司马懿/16819541"],["司马懿：司马懿《唱吧三国》中武将形象","司马懿/17186885"],["司马懿：手游《百将行》游戏角色","司马懿/20178043"],["司马懿：南门太守所著书籍","司马懿/22163927"],["司马懿：日本游戏《真·三国无双》系列中人物","司马懿/4021665"],["司马懿：游戏《英雄三国》角色","司马懿/16184657"],["司马懿：桌游《三国杀》中的武将","司马懿/4021684"],["司马懿：游戏《赛尔号》中的精灵","司马懿/16962770"],["司马懿：方北辰所著书籍","司马懿/13873914"],["司马懿：《阵面对决》中的卡牌","司马懿/19923464"],["司马懿：MOBA手游《英魂之刃口袋版》里的法师类英雄","司马懿/19877986"],["司马懿：TCG桌游《乱战》卡片名","司马懿/16307467"],["司马懿：《梦三国》游戏人物角色","司马懿/13875221"],["司马懿：《虽远必诛》手游武将","司马懿/19519097"],["司马懿：《大皇帝》中人物角色","司马懿/15963229"],["司马懿：小说及漫画《哑舍》角色","司马懿/22664368"],["司马懿：手游《王者荣耀》中的英雄角色","司马懿/22762691"],["司马懿：《Fate/Grand Order》中登场的Rider之一","司马懿/23448742"],["司马懿：漫画《火凤燎原》角色","司马懿/24118117"],["司马懿：MOBA端游《英魂之刃》里的一名法师类的英雄","司马懿/24143256"]]},"type":"ambiguous"}{"info":{"word":"深度学习","basic":{"title":"深度学习","sub_title":"（人工神经网络的研究的概念）","description":"深度学习(DL, Deep Learning)是机器学习(ML, Machine Learning)领域中一个新的研究方向，它被引入机器学习使其更接近于最初的目标——人工智能(AI, Artificial Intelligence)。深度学习是学习样本数据的内在规律和表示层次，这些学习过程中获得的信息对诸如文字，图像和声音等数据的解释有很大的帮助。它的最终目标是让机器能够像人一样具有分析学习能力，能够识别文字、图像和声音等数据。 深度学习是一个复杂的机器学习算法，在语音和图像识别方面取得的效果，远远超过先前相关技术。深度学习在搜索技术，数据挖掘，机器学习，机器翻译，自然语言处理，多媒体学习，语音，推荐和个性化技术，以及其他相关领域都取得了很多成果。深度学习使机器模仿视听和思考等人类的活动，解决了很多复杂的模式识别难题，使得人工智能相关技术取得了很大进步。"},"means":[["人工神经网络的研究的概念","深度学习/3729729"],["Ian Goodfellow 等所著书籍","深度学习/22059753"],["Monica R.Martinez等所著书籍","深度学习/23731499"],["科学出版社2019年出版书籍","深度学习/24204682"]],"attrs":{"中文名":"深度学习","外文名":"DeepLearning","提出者":"GeoffreyHinton，YoshuaBengio，YannLeCun等","提出时间":"2006年","学科":"人工智能","应用":"计算机视觉，自然语言处理，生物信息学等"},"tags":["科学百科信息科学分类","科技术语","科学"]},"type":"multiple"}{"info":{"word":"知识图谱","basic":{"title":"知识图谱","description":"知识图谱（Knowledge 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堀敏一所著历史书籍,北京联合出版公司出版发行。...','result_date':'2019-12-7'},{'title':'曹操墓_百度百科','url':'曹操墓/3652496','description':'曹操墓即安阳高陵,位于河南省安阳市安丰乡西高穴村,在曹操王都邺北城西12公里处。据《三国志》等史料记载,220年曹操卒于洛阳,灵柩葬在邺城的西门豹祠以西丘陵...','result_date':'2019-12-27'},{'title':'曹操(2018年张黎执导电视剧)_百度百科','url':'曹操/20481440','description':'《曹操》是由张黎执导,姜文领衔主演古装历史剧。该剧以曹操的一生为主线,讲述了曹操戎马倥偬,功过是非的传奇故事。暂定在2018年9月开机。...','result_date':'2019-12-26'}]}获取词条页面表格内容代码示例：fromlightspider.baikeimporttableif__name__=='__main__':word="曹操"print(table.query(word))foritemintable.query(word):print(table.get_table(item[1]))执行结果：[('三曹七子',4028),('《三国志》人物',4282),('魏国历代皇帝',4417)]{'title':'三曹七子','items':[('孔融','view/27805.htm'),('陈琳','view/26492.htm'),('王粲','view/38236.htm'),('徐干','view/56263.htm'),('阮瑀','view/56207.htm'),('应玚','view/56224.htm'),('刘桢','view/34649.htm')]}{'title':'《三国志》人物','items':[('曹操','subview/1719/5594282.htm'),('曹丕','subview/5199/5369025.htm'),('曹睿','subview/42568/42568.htm'),('曹芳','subview/100735/6279502.htm'),('曹髦','subview/100740/100740.htm'),('曹奂','subview/41563/41563.htm'),('武宣卞皇后','subview/277556/277556.htm'),('文昭甄皇后','subview/967166/967166.htm'),('文德郭皇后','subview/4211902/4211902.htm'),('明悼毛皇后','subview/2125638/2125638.htm'),('明元郭皇后','view/6973626.htm'),('董卓','subview/2664/6380283.htm'),('李儒','subview/47340/47340.htm'),('李傕','subview/115750/115750.htm'),('郭汜','subview/117668/117668.htm'),('袁绍','subview/15761/6346582.htm'),('麴义','subview/198606/198606.htm'),('田丰','subview/62019/5263868.htm'),('沮授','subview/82365/82365.htm'),('颜良','subview/26647/5235941.htm'),('文丑','subview/26543/5235950.htm'),('淳于琼','subview/131773/131773.htm'),('审配','subview/62001/62001.htm'),('袁谭','subview/157252/157252.htm'),('袁熙','subview/115774/6347788.htm'),('袁尚','subview/157237/157237.htm'),('高干','subview/62010/5494749.htm'),('袁术','subview/15719/6346593.htm'),('刘表','subview/6640/6640.htm'),('吕布','subview/3973/5850475.htm'),('陈宫','subview/9918/6381188.htm'),('高顺','subview/9895/5873983.htm'),('臧洪','subview/120985/120985.htm'),('公孙瓒','subview/41595/6455418.htm'),('陶谦','subview/115766/5786369.htm'),('张杨','subview/17526/5819078.htm'),('公孙度','subview/131692/131692.htm'),('公孙渊','subview/288383/288383.htm'),('张燕','subview/32681/5413302.htm'),('张绣','subview/41590/6455441.htm'),('张鲁','subview/54996/5136668.htm'),('夏侯惇','subview/18287/5594022.htm'),('韩浩','subview/109738/6835770.htm'),('史涣','subview/131912/131912.htm'),('夏侯渊','subview/38721/6380200.htm'),('曹仁','subview/16837/5594235.htm'),('曹纯','subview/109751/109751.htm'),('曹洪','subview/45503/6518082.htm'),('曹休','subview/45590/45590.htm'),('曹真','subview/38796/38796.htm'),('曹爽','subview/123332/5118059.htm'),('夏侯尚','subview/134695/134695.htm'),('夏侯玄','subview/34760/34760.htm'),('荀彧','subview/2618/6380210.htm'),('荀攸','subview/2703/6445420.htm'),('贾诩','subview/2491/5795292.htm'),('袁涣','subview/109710/109710.htm'),('张范','subview/120990/120990.htm'),('凉茂','subview/109707/109707.htm'),('国渊','subview/109706/109706.htm'),('田畴','subview/109713/5456254.htm'),('王修','subview/109704/109704.htm'),('邴原','subview/109702/109702.htm'),('管宁','subview/34593/34593.htm'),('崔琰','subview/56249/56249.htm'),('毛玠','subview/52133/52133.htm'),('徐奕','subview/109763/109763.htm'),('何夔','subview/120994/120994.htm'),('邢颙','subview/109764/109764.htm'),('鲍勋','subview/120995/120995.htm'),('司马芝','subview/986940/986940.htm'),('钟繇','subview/38702/5356077.htm'),('华歆','subview/56268/56268.htm'),('王朗','subview/109690/5566018.htm'),('王肃','subview/56252/5893971.htm'),('程昱','subview/2643/2643.htm'),('郭嘉','subview/2669/5787364.htm'),('董昭','subview/62025/62025.htm'),('刘晔','subview/20755/5236468.htm'),('蒋济','subview/38746/38746.htm'),('刘放','subview/48283/48283.htm'),('刘馥','subview/109600/109600.htm'),('司马朗','subview/329756/329756.htm'),('梁习','subview/120996/120996.htm'),('张既','subview/120997/120997.htm'),('温恢','subview/120999/120999.htm'),('贾逵','subview/34556/5664903.htm'),('任峻','subview/56250/5914756.htm'),('苏则','subview/790369/790369.htm'),('杜畿','subview/232982/232982.htm'),('杜恕','subview/215999/215999.htm'),('郑浑','subview/56255/56255.htm'),('仓慈','subview/752832/752832.htm'),('张辽','subview/2844/5594000.htm'),('乐进','subview/38691/6415175.htm'),('于禁','subview/52089/6380369.htm'),('张郃','subview/18325/5594249.htm'),('徐晃','subview/18346/6380235.htm'),('朱灵','subview/790385/5753644.htm'),('李典','subview/33362/33362.htm'),('李通','subview/217012/5614276.htm'),('臧霸','subview/41613/41613.htm'),('文聘','subview/38733/38733.htm'),('吕虔','subview/131716/131716.htm'),('许褚','subview/20492/5594242.htm'),('典韦','subview/16815/5533215.htm'),('庞德','subview/3869/5064758.htm'),('庞淯','subview/238878/238878.htm'),('阎温','subview/1071838/1071838.htm'),('曹彰','subview/26716/26716.htm'),('曹植','subview/6255/6380335.htm'),('曹熊','subview/64887/64887.htm'),('曹昂','subview/38757/38757.htm'),('曹铄','subview/943171/943171.htm'),('曹冲','subview/59871/5037304.htm'),('曹宇','subview/401316/5833679.htm'),('曹林','subview/943175/6521529.htm'),('曹峻','subview/943182/943182.htm'),('曹彪','subview/955516/955516.htm'),('曹协','subview/4619605/4619605.htm'),('曹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09:45:58] [INFO] [MainThread] [spider.py:43] 已处理0条数据，还需处理8条数据
[2020-02-05 09:45:59] [INFO] [MainThread] [spider.py:57] 开始爬取，当前时间为：2020-02-05 09:45:59
[2020-02-05 09:46:00] [INFO] [MainThread] [writer.py:12] 写入地址为：D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info\result.json， 临时文件地址为：D:\Data\NLP\corpus\baike_info\handled.txt
100%|██████████| 8/8 [00:00<00:00, 17.78it/s]
[2020-02-05 09:46:00] [INFO] [MainThread] [spider.py:76] 执行结束, 当前时间为：2020-02-05 09:46:00
[2020-02-05 09:46:00] [INFO] [MainThread] [spider.py:80] 本次共计耗时1.42秒，共爬取8条数据，平均速度为：5.62(task/s)
[2020-02-05 09:46:03] [INFO] [MainThread] [spider.py:96] 邮件发送成功！同时邮件内容如下：参考Python3WebSpider/ProxyPool: Proxy Pool如何在python中通过多进程使用tqdm？ - VoidCC编写多进程爬虫 - 知乎Python中保留两位小数的几种方法_杰瑞的专栏-CSDN博客[快学Python3]日期和时间处理 - 简书multiprocessing --- 基于进程的并行 — Python 3.8.1 文档python去掉字符串中的空白字符_drbing的博客-CSDN博客git - ssh: connect to host github.com port 22: Connection timed out - Stack Overflowmongodb 导入json文件遇到的坑 - xibuhaohao - 博客园打赏如果该项目对您有所帮助，欢迎打赏~