Package: auditwheel
Auditing and relabeling ofPEP 600 manylinux_x_y,PEP 513 manylinux1,PEP 571 manylinux2010andPEP 599 manylinux2014Linux wheels.Overviewauditwheelis a command line tool to facilitate the creation of Pythonwheel packagesfor Linux (containing pre-compiled
binary extensions) that are compatible with a wide variety of Linux distributions,
consistent with thePEP 600 manylinux_x_y,PEP 513 manylinux1,PEP 571 manylinux2010andPEP 599 manylinux2014platform tags.auditwheel show: shows external shared libraries that the wheel depends on
(beyond the libraries included in themanylinuxpolicies), and
checks the extension modules for the use of versioned symbols that exceed
themanylinuxABI.auditwheel repair: copies these external shared libraries into the wheel itself,
and automatically modifies the appropriateRPATHentries such that these libraries
will be picked up at runtime. This accomplishes a similar result as if the libraries had
been statically linked without requiring changes to the build system. Packagers are
advised that bundling, like static linking, may implicate copyright concerns.RequirementsOS: LinuxPython: 3.8+patchelf: 0.14+Only systems that useELF-based linkage
are supported (this should be essentially every Linux).In general, buildingmanylinux1wheels requires running on a CentOS5
machine, buildingmanylinux2010wheels requires running on a CentOS6
machine, and buildingmanylinux2014wheels requires running on a CentOS7
machine, so we recommend using the pre-built manylinuxDocker images, e.g.$ docker run -i -t -v `pwd`:/io quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64 /bin/bashInstallationauditwheelcan be installed using pip:$pip3installauditwheelExamplesInspecting a wheel:$ auditwheel show cffi-1.5.0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl

cffi-1.5.0-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl is consistent with the
following platform tag: "linux_x86_64".

The wheel references the following external versioned symbols in
system-provided shared libraries: GLIBC_2.3.

The following external shared libraries are required by the wheel:
{
    "libc.so.6": "/lib64/libc-2.5.so",
    "libffi.so.5": "/usr/lib64/libffi.so.5.0.6",
    "libpthread.so.0": "/lib64/libpthread-2.5.so"
}

In order to achieve the tag platform tag "manylinux1_x86_64" the
following shared library dependencies will need to be eliminated:

libffi.so.5Repairing a wheel.$ auditwheel repair cffi-1.5.2-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl
Repairing cffi-1.5.2-cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64.whl
Grafting: /usr/lib64/libffi.so.5.0.6
Setting RPATH: _cffi_backend.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so to "$ORIGIN/.libs_cffi_backend"
Previous filename tags: linux_x86_64
New filename tags: manylinux1_x86_64
Previous WHEEL info tags: cp35-cp35m-linux_x86_64
New WHEEL info tags: cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64

Fixed-up wheel written to /wheelhouse/cffi-1.5.2-cp35-cp35m-manylinux1_x86_64.whlLimitationsauditwheeluses theDT_NEEDEDinformation (likeldd) from the Python extension modules to determine
which system libraries they depend on. Code that dynamically
loads libraries at runtime usingctypes/cffi(from Python) ordlopen(from C/C++) doesn’t contain this information in a way that can
be statically determined, so dependencies that are loaded via those
mechanisms will be missed.There’s nothing we can do about “fixing” binaries if they were compiled and
linked against a too-recent version oflibcorlibstdc++. These
libraries (and some others) use symbol versioning for backward
compatibility. In general, this means that code that was compiled against an
old version ofglibcwill run fine on systems with a newer version ofglibc, but code what was compiled on a new system won’t / might not run
on older system.So, to compile widely-compatible binaries, you’re best off doing the build
on an old Linux distribution, such as a manylinux Docker image.TestingThe tests can be run withnox, which will automatically install
test dependencies.Some of the integration tests also require a running and accessible Docker
daemon. These tests will pull a number of docker images if they are not already
available on your system, but it won’t update existing images.
To update these images manually, run:docker pull python:3.8-slim
docker pull quay.io/pypa/manylinux1_x86_64
docker pull quay.io/pypa/manylinux2010_x86_64
docker pull quay.io/pypa/manylinux2014_x86_64
docker pull quay.io/pypa/manylinux_2_28_x86_64You may also remove these images usingdocker rmi.Code of ConductEveryone interacting in theauditwheelproject’s codebases, issue trackers,
chat rooms, and mailing lists is expected to follow thePSF Code of Conduct.