Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use whiteread::parse_line;

fn main() {
    let n: usize = parse_line().unwrap();
    let b: Vec<u32> = parse_line().unwrap();
    let mut a: Vec<u32> = vec![0; n];
    a[0] = b[0];
    a[n - 1] = b[n - 2];

    if n > 2 {
        for i in 1..n - 1 {
            a[i] = b[i - 1].min(b[i]);
        }
    }
    println!("{}", a.iter().sum::<u32>());
}