Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

Rng has a connected undirected graph with N vertices.
Currently, there are M edges in the graph, and the i-th edge connects Vertices A_i and B_i.

Rng will add new edges to the graph by repeating the following operation:

Operation: Choose u and v (u \neq v) such that Vertex v can be reached by traversing exactly three edges from Vertex u, and add an edge connecting Vertices u and v. It is not allowed to add an edge if there is already an edge connecting Vertices u and v.

Find the maximum possible number of edges that can be added.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq M \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i,B_i \leq N

The graph has no self-loops or multiple edges.

The graph is connected.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M
A_1 B_1
A_2 B_2
:
A_M B_M

Output

Find the maximum possible number of edges that can be added.

Sample Input 1

6 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 6

Sample Output 1

4

If we add edges as shown below, four edges can be added, and no more.

Sample Input 2

5 5
1 2
2 3
3 1
5 4
5 1

Sample Output 2

5

Five edges can be added, for example, as follows:

Add an edge connecting Vertex 5 and Vertex 3.

Add an edge connecting Vertex 5 and Vertex 2.

Add an edge connecting Vertex 4 and Vertex 1.

Add an edge connecting Vertex 4 and Vertex 2.

Add an edge connecting Vertex 4 and Vertex 3.

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

fn main() {
  let (n, m): (usize, usize) = get::read_tuple();
  let edges: Vec<(usize, usize)> = get::read_tuples(m);

  let edges = edges.iter().map(|&(a,b)|(a-1,b-1)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
  let graph = Graph::new_nonlabeled(n, &edges);

  match graph.coloring2() {
    None => println!("{}", n * (n-1) / 2 - m),
    Some((bs,ws)) => println!("{}", bs.len() * ws.len() - m)
  }
}

struct Graph {
  size: usize,
  adj: Vec<Vec<(usize,isize)>>
}

impl Clone for Graph {
  fn clone(&self) -> Graph {
    Graph {
      size: self.size,
      adj: self.adj.clone()
    }
  }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
impl Graph {
  fn new_nonlabeled(n: usize, edges: &[(usize,usize)]) -> Graph {
    let mut g: Vec<Vec<(usize,isize)>> = vec![vec![]; n];
    for &(a, b) in edges {
      g[a].push((b,0));
      g[b].push((a,0));
    }
    Graph {
      size: n,
      adj: g
    }
  }

  fn is_connected(&self) -> bool {
    self.dfs(0).len() == self.adj.len()
  }

  fn size(&self) -> usize {
    self.size
  }

  fn coloring2(&self) -> Option<(Vec<usize>, Vec<usize>)> {
    fn paint(v: usize, p: bool, g: &Graph, cv: &mut Vec<Option<bool>>) -> bool {
      match cv[v] {
        None => {
          let next = &g.adj[v];
          cv[v] = Some(p);
          next.iter().all(|&(w,_)|paint(w,!p,g,cv))},
        Some(q) => {q == p}
      }
    }

    let mut canvas: Vec<Option<bool>> = vec![None; self.size];
    let ans = paint(0, false, self, &mut canvas);
    let bs = canvas.iter().enumerate().filter(|&(_,&v)|v==Some(false)).map(|(i,_)|i).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let ws = canvas.iter().enumerate().filter(|&(_,&v)|v==Some(true)).map(|(i,_)|i).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    if ans {Some((bs,ws))} else {None}
  }

  fn cut(&mut self, v: usize, w: usize) {
    self.adj[v].retain(|&(t,_)| t != w);
    self.adj[w].retain(|&(t,_)| t != v);
  }

  fn dfs(&self, s: usize) -> Vec<usize> {
    fn go(g: &Graph, current: usize, mut path: &mut Vec<usize>, mut visited: &mut Vec<bool>) {
      for &(next, _) in &g.adj[current] {
        if visited[next] {
          continue
        } else {
          visited[next] = true;
          path.push(next);
          go(&g, next, &mut path, &mut visited)
        }
      }
    }
    let mut path = vec![s];
    let mut visited = vec![false; self.adj.len()];
    visited[s] = true;
    go(&self, s, &mut path, &mut visited);
    path
  }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
mod get {
  use std::io::*;
  use std::str::*;

  pub fn read<T: FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().parse::<T>().ok().unwrap()
  }

  pub fn reads<T: FromStr>(n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
    let mut vec: Vec<T> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. n {
      vec.push(read());
    }
    vec
  }

  pub fn read_tuple<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr>() -> (T1, T2) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    let mut it = buf.trim().split_whitespace();
    let x = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T1>().ok().unwrap();
    let y = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T2>().ok().unwrap();
    (x, y)
  }

  pub fn read_tuples<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr>(n: usize) -> Vec<(T1, T2)> {
    let mut vec: Vec<(T1, T2)> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. n {
      vec.push(read_tuple());
    }
    vec
  }

  pub fn read_vec<T: FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().split_whitespace().map(|t| t.parse::<T>().ok().unwrap()).collect()
  }

  pub fn read_mat<T: FromStr>(h: usize) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
    let mut mat: Vec<Vec<T>> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. h {
      mat.push(read_vec());
    }
    mat
  }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
mod put {
  use std::string::*;

  pub fn print_vec<T: ToString>(vec: &Vec<T>, sep: &str) {
    let out = vec.iter().map(|e| e.to_string()).collect::<Vec<_>>().as_slice().join(sep);
    println!("{}", out);
  }

  pub fn print_mat<T: ToString>(mat: &Vec<Vec<T>>, sep: &str) {
    for v in mat {
      print_vec(v, sep);
    }
  }
}