Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use std::fmt::Debug;
use std::str::FromStr;

#[allow(dead_code)]
#[allow(deprecated)]
fn read_line_from_stdin() -> String {
    let mut buffer = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buffer).unwrap();
    buffer.trim_right().to_owned()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
#[allow(deprecated)]
fn parse_line_to_single<T>() -> T
where
    T: FromStr,
    T::Err: Debug,
{
    let mut buffer = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buffer).unwrap();
    T::from_str(buffer.trim_right()).unwrap()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
#[allow(deprecated)]
fn parse_line_to_multiple<T>() -> Vec<T>
where
    T: FromStr,
    T::Err: Debug,
{
    let mut buffer = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buffer).unwrap();
    buffer
        .trim_right()
        .split_whitespace()
        .flat_map(|s| T::from_str(s))
        .collect()
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! parse_line {
    [$( $x:tt : $t:ty ),+] => {
        //declare variables
        $( let $x: $t; )+
        {
            use std::str::FromStr;
            // read
            let mut buf = String::new();
            std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
            #[allow(deprecated)]
            let mut splits = buf.trim_right().split_whitespace();
            // assign each variable
            $(
                $x = splits.next().and_then(|s| <$t>::from_str(s).ok()).unwrap();
            )+
            // all strs should be used for assignment
            assert!(splits.next().is_none());
        }
    };
}

fn main() {
    parse_line![a: i32, b: i32, c: i32, k: i32];

    let max = if k < a {
        k
    } else if k < a + b {
        a
    } else if k < a + b + c {
        a - (k - (a + b))
    } else {
        a - c
    };

    println!("{}", max);
}