Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use proconio::{fastout, input};
use std::io::*;
use std::str::FromStr;

use std::cmp::{max, min};

fn main() {
    input! {
        n: usize,
        p: [i64; n],
    }

    let mut cnt = 0;
    for i in 1..n - 1 {
        let a = p[i - 1];
        let b = p[i];
        let c = p[i + 1];
        let mid = a + b + c - min(a, min(b, c)) - max(a, max(b, c));
        if mid == b {
            cnt += 1;
        }
    }
    println!("{}", cnt);
}