Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

Given an integer N, find the base -2 representation of N.

Here, S is the base -2 representation of N when the following are all satisfied:

S is a string consisting of 0 and 1.

Unless S = 0, the initial character of S is 1.

Let S = S_k S_{k-1} ... S_0, then S_0 \times (-2)^0 + S_1 \times (-2)^1 + ... + S_k \times (-2)^k = N.

It can be proved that, for any integer M, the base -2 representation of M is uniquely determined.

Constraints

Every value in input is integer.

-10^9 \leq N \leq 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the base -2 representation of N.

Sample Input 1

-9

Sample Output 1

1011

As (-2)^0 + (-2)^1 + (-2)^3 = 1 + (-2) + (-8) = -9, 1011 is the base -2 representation of -9.

Sample Input 2

123456789

Sample Output 2

11000101011001101110100010101

Sample Input 3

0

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use std::io;


/// 22:23 ~ 22:53
fn main() {
    let mut n = read_one::<isize>();
    let mut buf = Vec::new();
    if n == 0 { println!("0"); return; }
    while n != 0 {
        if n % 2 != 0 {
            buf.push("1");
            n -= 1;
        } else { buf.push("0"); }
        n /= -2;
    }

    for c in buf.iter().rev() {
        print!("{}", c);
    }
    println!();
}


#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read<T>() -> Vec<T>
where T:
std::str::FromStr,
T::Err: std::fmt::Debug {

    let mut buf = String::new();
    io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.split_whitespace()
        .map(|s| s.trim().parse().unwrap())
        .collect()
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read_one<T>() -> T
where T:
std::str::FromStr,
T::Err: std::fmt::Debug {

    let mut buf = String::new();
    io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim().parse().unwrap()
}