Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

We have a set S of N points in a two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th point are (x_i, y_i). The N points have distinct x-coordinates and distinct y-coordinates.

For a non-empty subset T of S, let f(T) be the number of points contained in the smallest rectangle, whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axes, that contains all the points in T. More formally, we define f(T) as follows:

f(T) := (the number of integers i (1 \leq i \leq N) such that a \leq x_i \leq b and c \leq y_i \leq d, where a, b, c, and d are the minimum x-coordinate, the maximum x-coordinate, the minimum y-coordinate, and the maximum y-coordinate of the points in T)

Find the sum of f(T) over all non-empty subset T of S. Since it can be enormous, print the sum modulo 998244353.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

-10^9 \leq x_i, y_i \leq 10^9

x_i \neq x_j (i \neq j)

y_i \neq y_j (i \neq j)

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the sum of f(T) over all non-empty subset T of S, modulo 998244353.

Sample Input 1

3
-1 3
2 1
3 -2

Sample Output 1

13

Let the first, second, and third points be P_1, P_2, and P_3, respectively. S = \{P_1, P_2, P_3\} has seven non-empty subsets, and f has the following values for each of them:

f(\{P_1\}) = 1

f(\{P_2\}) = 1

f(\{P_3\}) = 1

f(\{P_1, P_2\}) = 2

f(\{P_2, P_3\}) = 2

f(\{P_3, P_1\}) = 3

f(\{P_1, P_2, P_3\}) = 3

The sum of these is 13.

Sample Input 2

4
1 4
2 1
3 3
4 2

Sample Output 2

34

Sample Input 3

10
19 -11
-3 -12
5 3
3 -15
8 -14
-9 -20
10 -9
0 2
-7 17
6 -6

Sample Output 3

7222

Be sure to print the sum modulo 998244353.

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

macro_rules ! input { ( source = $ s : expr , $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { let mut iter = $ s . split_whitespace ( ) ; input_inner ! { iter , $ ( $ r ) * } } ; ( iter = $ iter : ident , $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { let s = { use std :: io :: Read ; let mut s = String :: new ( ) ; std :: io :: stdin ( ) . read_to_string ( & mut s ) . unwrap ( ) ; s } ; let mut $ iter = s . split_whitespace ( ) ; input_inner ! { $ iter , $ ( $ r ) * } } ; ( $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { let s = { use std :: io :: Read ; let mut s = String :: new ( ) ; std :: io :: stdin ( ) . read_to_string ( & mut s ) . unwrap ( ) ; s } ; let mut iter = s . split_whitespace ( ) ; input_inner ! { iter , $ ( $ r ) * } } ; }
macro_rules ! input_inner { ( $ iter : expr ) => { } ; ( $ iter : expr , ) => { } ; ( $ iter : expr , mut $ var : ident : $ t : tt $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { let mut $ var = read_value ! ( $ iter , $ t ) ; input_inner ! { $ iter $ ( $ r ) * } } ; ( $ iter : expr , mut $ var : ident $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { input_inner ! { $ iter , mut $ var : usize $ ( $ r ) * } } ; ( $ iter : expr , $ var : ident : $ t : tt $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { let $ var = read_value ! ( $ iter , $ t ) ; input_inner ! { $ iter $ ( $ r ) * } } ; ( $ iter : expr , $ var : ident $ ( $ r : tt ) * ) => { input_inner ! { $ iter , $ var : usize $ ( $ r ) * } } ; }
macro_rules ! read_value { ( $ iter : expr , ( $ ( $ t : tt ) ,* ) ) => { ( $ ( read_value ! ( $ iter , $ t ) ) ,* ) } ; ( $ iter : expr , [ $ t : tt ; $ len : expr ] ) => { ( 0 ..$ len ) . map ( | _ | read_value ! ( $ iter , $ t ) ) . collect ::< Vec < _ >> ( ) } ; ( $ iter : expr , { chars : $ base : expr } ) => { read_value ! ( $ iter , String ) . chars ( ) . map ( | c | ( c as u8 - $ base as u8 ) as usize ) . collect ::< Vec < usize >> ( ) } ; ( $ iter : expr , { char : $ base : expr } ) => { read_value ! ( $ iter , { chars : $ base } ) [ 0 ] } ; ( $ iter : expr , chars ) => { read_value ! ( $ iter , String ) . chars ( ) . collect ::< Vec < char >> ( ) } ; ( $ iter : expr , char ) => { read_value ! ( $ iter , chars ) [ 0 ] } ; ( $ iter : expr , usize1 ) => { read_value ! ( $ iter , usize ) - 1 } ; ( $ iter : expr , $ t : ty ) => { $ iter . next ( ) . unwrap ( ) . parse ::<$ t > ( ) . unwrap ( ) } ; }
const MOD: i64 = 998244353;
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
pub struct Modi64(pub i64);
impl Modi64 {
    #[inline]
    pub fn new(i: i64) -> Modi64 {
        Modi64(Modi64::modulo(i, MOD))
    }
    #[inline]
    pub fn modulo(i: i64, m: i64) -> i64 {
        if i < 0 {
            i % m + m
        } else {
            i % m
        }
    }
    pub fn pow(self, y: i64) -> Modi64 {
        let mut y = Modi64(Modi64::modulo(y, MOD - 1));
        let mut x = 1.into();
        let mut base = self;
        while y.0 > 0 {
            if y.0 & 1 == 1 {
                x *= base;
            }
            base *= base;
            y = Modi64(y.0 >> 1);
        }
        x
    }
    #[inline]
    pub fn inv(self) -> Modi64 {
        self.pow(MOD - 2)
    }
}
impl From<i64> for Modi64 {
    fn from(i: i64) -> Modi64 {
        Modi64::new(i)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Add for Modi64 {
    type Output = Modi64;
    fn add(self, rhs: Modi64) -> Modi64 {
        (self.0 + rhs.0).into()
    }
}
impl std::ops::AddAssign for Modi64 {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Modi64) {
        *self = *self + rhs;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Sub for Modi64 {
    type Output = Modi64;
    fn sub(self, rhs: Modi64) -> Modi64 {
        (self.0 - rhs.0).into()
    }
}
impl std::ops::SubAssign for Modi64 {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Modi64) {
        *self = *self - rhs;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Mul for Modi64 {
    type Output = Modi64;
    fn mul(self, rhs: Modi64) -> Modi64 {
        (self.0 * rhs.0).into()
    }
}
impl std::ops::MulAssign for Modi64 {
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: Modi64) {
        *self = *self * rhs;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Div for Modi64 {
    type Output = Modi64;
    fn div(self, rhs: Modi64) -> Modi64 {
        self * rhs.inv()
    }
}
impl std::ops::DivAssign for Modi64 {
    fn div_assign(&mut self, rhs: Modi64) {
        *self = *self / rhs;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Neg for Modi64 {
    type Output = Modi64;
    fn neg(self) -> Modi64 {
        (-self.0).into()
    }
}
impl std::iter::Sum for Modi64 {
    fn sum<I: Iterator<Item = Modi64>>(iter: I) -> Modi64 {
        iter.fold(0.into(), std::ops::Add::add)
    }
}
impl<'a> std::iter::Sum<&'a Modi64> for Modi64 {
    fn sum<I: Iterator<Item = &'a Modi64>>(iter: I) -> Modi64 {
        iter.fold(0.into(), |x, &y| x + y)
    }
}
impl std::fmt::Display for Modi64 {
    fn fmt<'a>(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'a>) -> Result<(), std::fmt::Error> {
        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
    }
}
pub trait Bisect: Copy {
    fn halve(self, other: Self) -> Self;
    fn section_end(self, other: Self) -> bool;
}
impl Bisect for usize {
    fn halve(self, other: Self) -> Self {
        if self > other {
            other + (self - other) / 2
        } else {
            self + (other - self) / 2
        }
    }
    fn section_end(self, other: Self) -> bool {
        (if self > other {
            self - other
        } else {
            other - self
        }) <= 1
    }
}
impl Bisect for i64 {
    fn halve(self, other: Self) -> Self {
        (self + other) / 2
    }
    fn section_end(self, other: Self) -> bool {
        (self - other).abs() <= 1
    }
}
impl Bisect for f64 {
    fn halve(self, other: Self) -> Self {
        (self + other) / 2.
    }
    fn section_end(self, other: Self) -> bool {
        (self - other).abs() <= 1e-8
    }
}
pub fn binary_search<T: Bisect, F: Fn(T) -> bool>(f: F, ok: T, err: T) -> T {
    let mut ok = ok;
    let mut err = err;
    while !ok.section_end(err) {
        let m = ok.halve(err);
        if f(m) {
            ok = m;
        } else {
            err = m;
        }
    }
    ok
}
pub fn lower_bound<T: Bisect + Ord>(v: &[T], x: T) -> usize {
    binary_search(|i| v[i as usize] >= x, v.len() as i64, -1) as usize
}
pub fn upper_bound<T: Bisect + Ord>(v: &[T], x: T) -> usize {
    binary_search(|i| v[i as usize] > x, v.len() as i64, -1) as usize
}
pub struct Compress<T: Ord> {
    v: Vec<T>,
}
impl<T: Bisect + Ord> Compress<T> {
    pub fn get(&self, x: T) -> usize {
        lower_bound(&self.v, x)
    }
}
impl<T: Ord> std::iter::FromIterator<T> for Compress<T> {
    fn from_iter<I: IntoIterator<Item = T>>(iter: I) -> Compress<T> {
        use std::collections::BTreeSet;
        let v = iter
            .into_iter()
            .collect::<BTreeSet<T>>()
            .into_iter()
            .collect::<Vec<T>>();
        Compress { v: v }
    }
}
#[inline]
fn rmb(k: usize) -> usize {
    (k as isize & -(k as isize)) as usize
}
pub trait Monoid {
    type T: Clone + PartialEq;
    fn mempty(&self) -> Self::T;
    fn mappend(&self, x: &Self::T, y: &Self::T) -> Self::T;
}
pub struct BinaryIndexedTree<M: Monoid> {
    bit: Vec<M::T>,
    m: M,
}
impl<M: Monoid> BinaryIndexedTree<M> {
    pub fn new(n: usize, m: M) -> BinaryIndexedTree<M> {
        let bit = vec![m.mempty(); n + 1];
        BinaryIndexedTree { bit: bit, m: m }
    }
    #[doc = " 1-indexed"]
    pub fn query(&self, k: usize) -> M::T {
        let mut res = self.m.mempty();
        let mut k = k;
        while k > 0 {
            res = self.m.mappend(&res, &self.bit[k]);
            k -= rmb(k);
        }
        res
    }
    #[doc = " 1-indexed"]
    pub fn update(&mut self, k: usize, x: M::T) {
        let mut k = k;
        while k < self.bit.len() {
            self.bit[k] = self.m.mappend(&self.bit[k], &x);
            k += rmb(k);
        }
    }
}
pub trait Group: Monoid {
    fn invert(&self, x: &Self::T) -> Self::T;
}
impl<G: Group> BinaryIndexedTree<G> {
    #[doc = " 0-indexed [l, r)"]
    pub fn query_section(&self, l: usize, r: usize) -> G::T {
        self.m
            .mappend(&self.m.invert(&self.query(l)), &self.query(r))
    }
    #[doc = " 1-indexed"]
    pub fn get_val(&self, k: usize) -> G::T {
        self.query_section(k - 1, k)
    }
    #[doc = " 1-indexed"]
    pub fn set_val(&mut self, k: usize, x: G::T) {
        let y = self.m.invert(&self.get_val(k));
        let z = self.m.mappend(&y, &x);
        self.update(k, z);
    }
}
pub struct AnyGroup<T: Clone, F: Fn(&T, &T) -> T, G: Fn(&T) -> T> {
    id: T,
    op: F,
    inv: G,
}
impl<T: Clone, F: Fn(&T, &T) -> T, G: Fn(&T) -> T> AnyGroup<T, F, G> {
    pub fn new(id: T, op: F, inv: G) -> AnyGroup<T, F, G> {
        AnyGroup {
            id: id,
            op: op,
            inv: inv,
        }
    }
}
impl<T: Clone + PartialEq, F: Fn(&T, &T) -> T, G: Fn(&T) -> T> Monoid for AnyGroup<T, F, G> {
    type T = T;
    fn mempty(&self) -> T {
        self.id.clone()
    }
    fn mappend(&self, x: &T, y: &T) -> T {
        (self.op)(x, y)
    }
}
impl<T: Clone + PartialEq, F: Fn(&T, &T) -> T, G: Fn(&T) -> T> Group for AnyGroup<T, F, G> {
    fn invert(&self, x: &T) -> T {
        (self.inv)(x)
    }
}
fn main() {
    input! { n, mut xy: [(i64, i64); n] };
    xy.sort();
    let xzip = xy.iter().map(|&(x, _y)| x).collect::<Compress<_>>();
    let yzip = xy.iter().map(|&(_x, y)| y).collect::<Compress<_>>();
    let mut xs = xy.iter().map(|&(x, _y)| x).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let mut ys = xy.iter().map(|&(_x, y)| y).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    xs.sort();
    ys.sort();
    let mut tab = vec![Modi64(0); n + 1];
    for i in 0..n {
        tab[i + 1] = tab[i] * 2.into() + 1.into();
    }
    let mut xcnt = vec![vec![]; n];
    for &(x, y) in xy.iter() {
        let (a, b) = (xzip.get(x), yzip.get(y));
        xcnt[a].push(b);
    }
    let mut ans = tab[n] * (n as i64).into();
    let mut bit = BinaryIndexedTree::new(n, AnyGroup::new(0, |&x, &y| x + y, |&x| -x));
    for a in 0..n {
        for &b in &xcnt[a] {
            ans += tab[bit.query_section(0, b) as usize];
            ans += tab[bit.query_section(b + 1, n) as usize];
        }
        for &b in &xcnt[a] {
            bit.update(b + 1, 1);
        }
    }
    let mut bit = BinaryIndexedTree::new(n, AnyGroup::new(0, |&x, &y| x + y, |&x| -x));
    for a in (0..n).rev() {
        for &b in &xcnt[a] {
            ans += tab[bit.query_section(0, b) as usize];
            ans += tab[bit.query_section(b + 1, n) as usize];
        }
        for &b in &xcnt[a] {
            bit.update(b + 1, 1);
        }
    }
    for &(x, y) in xy.iter() {
        let (xlb, xub) = (lower_bound(&xs, x), upper_bound(&xs, x));
        let (ylb, yub) = (lower_bound(&ys, y), upper_bound(&ys, y));
        ans -= tab[xlb];
        ans -= tab[n - xub];
        ans -= tab[ylb];
        ans -= tab[n - yub];
    }
    println!("{}", ans);
}