Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]

use std::cmp::{max, min, Ordering};
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
use std::io::stdin;
use std::ops::*;
use std::process::exit;
use std::str::FromStr;

fn main() {
    let n: usize = input();
    let a: Vec<usize> = input_vec();

    let mut ans = 1;
    let mut tmp = Ordering::Equal;

    for (i, j) in a.windows(2).map(|x| (x[0], x[1])) {
        match (tmp, i.cmp(&j)) {
            (Ordering::Equal, now) => {
                tmp = now;
            }
            (Ordering::Less, Ordering::Greater) => {
                ans += 1;
                tmp = Ordering::Equal;
            }
            (Ordering::Greater, Ordering::Less) => {
                ans += 1;
                tmp = Ordering::Equal;
            }
            _ => {}
        }
    }
    
    println!("{}", ans);
}

pub fn input<T: FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim().parse().ok().unwrap()
}

pub fn input_vec<T: FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|x| x.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
}

pub fn input_lines<T: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<T> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_lines_two<T: FromStr, U: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<(T, U)> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input_two());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_lines_three<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<(T, U, V)> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input_three());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_two<T: FromStr, U: FromStr>() -> (T, U) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse::<T>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse::<U>().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}

pub fn input_three<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr>() -> (T, U, V) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse::<T>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse::<U>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[2].parse::<V>().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}

pub fn input_four<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr, W: FromStr>() -> (T, U, V, W) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[2].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[3].parse().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}