Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

Given is an integer N. Find the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits (in base ten without leading zeros).

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits.

Sample Input 1

11

Sample Output 1

9

Among the positive integers less than or equal to 11, nine integers have an odd number of digits: 1, 2, \ldots, 9.

Sample Input 2

136

Sample Output 2

46

In addition to 1, 2, \ldots, 9, another 37 integers also have an odd number of digits: 100, 101, \ldots, 136.

Sample Input 3

100000

Sample Output 3

90909

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

fn main() {
    let n: i32 = read();
    let f = |a:i32, b:i32|
        std::cmp::max(0,std::cmp::min(n,b)-a+1);
    println!("{}",f(1,9)+f(100,999)+f(10000,99999));
}

fn get_line() -> String {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().to_owned()
}

fn read<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> T{
    get_line().parse().ok().unwrap()
}