Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There is a directed graph G with N vertices and M edges.
The vertices are numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N, and for each i (1 \leq i \leq M), the i-th directed edge goes from Vertex x_i to y_i.
G does not contain directed cycles.

Find the length of the longest directed path in G.
Here, the length of a directed path is the number of edges in it.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq M \leq 10^5

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq N

All pairs (x_i, y_i) are distinct.

G does not contain directed cycles.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M
x_1 y_1
x_2 y_2
:
x_M y_M

Output

Print the length of the longest directed path in G.

Sample Input 1

4 5
1 2
1 3
3 2
2 4
3 4

Sample Output 1

3

The red directed path in the following figure is the longest:

Sample Input 2

6 3
2 3
4 5
5 6

Sample Output 2

2

The red directed path in the following figure is the longest:

Sample Input 3

5 8
5 3
2 3
2 4
5 2
5 1
1 4
4 3
1 3

Sample Output 3

3

The red directed path in the following figure is one of the longest:

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use std::cmp::*;

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input {
    (source = $s:expr, $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut iter = $s.split_whitespace();
        let mut next = || { iter.next().unwrap() };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };
    ($($r:tt)*) => {
        let stdin = std::io::stdin();
        let mut bytes = std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock()));
        let mut next = move || -> String{
            bytes
                .by_ref()
                .map(|r|r.unwrap() as char)
                .skip_while(|c|c.is_whitespace())
                .take_while(|c|!c.is_whitespace())
                .collect()
        };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input_inner {
    ($next:expr) => {};
    ($next:expr, ) => {};

    ($next:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let $var = read_value!($next, $t);
        input_inner!{$next $($r)*}
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! read_value {
    ($next:expr, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {
        ( $(read_value!($next, $t)),* )
    };

    ($next:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {
        (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, chars) => {
        read_value!($next, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, usize1) => {
        read_value!($next, usize) - 1
    };

    ($next:expr, $t:ty) => {
        $next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! debug {
    ($($a:expr),*) => {
        eprintln!(concat!($(stringify!($a), " = {:?}, "),*), $($a),*);
    }
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! max {
    ($x:expr) => {
      $x
    };
    ($x:expr, $($xs:tt)+) => {
      max($x,max!($($xs)+))
    };
  }

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! min {
    ($x:expr) => {
      $x
    };
    ($x:expr, $($xs:tt)+) => {
      min($x,min!($($xs)+))
    };
  }

use std::ascii::AsciiExt;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::io::Write;
use std::iter::Iterator;

#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct UnionFindNode {
    pub par: usize,
    pub rank: usize,
}

#[derive(PartialEq, Debug, Clone)]
pub struct UnionFind(pub Vec<UnionFindNode>);

impl UnionFind {
    //初期化
    pub fn new(size: usize) -> UnionFind {
        let mut vec = Vec::new();
        for i in 0..size {
            vec.push(UnionFindNode { par: i, rank: 0 });
        }

        UnionFind(vec)
    }

    //根を求める
    pub fn find(&mut self, x: usize) -> usize {
        if self.0[x].par == x {
            x
        } else {
            let par = self.0[x].par;
            let v = self.find(par);
            self.0[x].par = v;
            v
        }
    }

    //xとyの集合を併合
    pub fn unite(&mut self, x: usize, y: usize) {
        let x = self.find(x);
        let y = self.find(y);
        if x == y {
            return;
        }

        if self.0[x].rank < self.0[y].rank {
            self.0[x].par = y;
        } else {
            self.0[y].par = x;
            if self.0[x].rank == self.0[y].rank {
                self.0[x].rank += 1;
            }
        }
    }

    //xとyが同じ集合に属するか
    pub fn same(&mut self, x: usize, y: usize) -> bool {
        self.find(x) == self.find(y)
    }
}

fn main() {
    input! {
        n: usize,
        m: usize,
        xy_vec:[(usize,usize);m]
    }

    let mut g = vec![vec![]; n];
    for xy in xy_vec {
        g[xy.0 - 1].push(xy.1 - 1);
    }

    //dp[i] node iを始点としたときのＧの有効パスの長さの最大値
    let mut dp = vec![-1; 100100];
    for v in 0..n {
        dfs(&g, v, &mut dp);
    }

    println!("{}", dp.iter().max().unwrap());
}

//もろもろ渡してパス最大値
fn dfs(g: &Vec<Vec<usize>>, v: usize, dp: &mut Vec<i64>) -> i64 {
    if dp[v] != -1 {
        return dp[v];
    }

    let mut res = 0;
    for &n in &g[v] {
        res = max!(res, dfs(g, n, dp) + 1);
    }
    dp[v] = res;
    res
}