Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]
#![allow(non_snake_case)]
use std::io::Read;
use std::io::{stdout, BufWriter, Write};
 
fn main() {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    
    let out = stdout();
    let mut out = BufWriter::new(out.lock());
 
    // 標準入力から全部bufに読み込む
    std::io::stdin().read_to_string(&mut buf).unwrap();
 
    // 読み込んだStringを空白で分解する
    let mut iter = buf.split_whitespace();
 
    
    let n: usize = iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    
    let p : Vec<u32> = (0..n).map(|_| {
        iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap()
        }).collect();
    
    let mut cnt = 0;
    
    for i in 1..n-1 {
        if p[i-1] < p[i] && p[i] < p[i+1] {
            cnt += 1;
        }
        if p[i-1] > p[i] && p[i] > p[i+1] {
            cnt += 1;
        }
    }
    //println!("{:?}", p);
    println!("{}", cnt);
}