Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There is a tree with N vertices, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N.
For each i (1 \leq i \leq N - 1), the i-th edge connects Vertex x_i and y_i.

Taro has decided to paint each vertex in white or black, so that any black vertex can be reached from any other black vertex by passing through only black vertices.

You are given a positive integer M.
For each v (1 \leq v \leq N), answer the following question:

Assuming that Vertex v has to be black, find the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo M.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

2 \leq M \leq 10^9

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq N

The given graph is a tree.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M
x_1 y_1
x_2 y_2
:
x_{N - 1} y_{N - 1}

Output

Print N lines.
The v-th (1 \leq v \leq N) line should contain the answer to the following question:

Assuming that Vertex v has to be black, find the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo M.

Sample Input 1

3 100
1 2
2 3

Sample Output 1

3
4
3

There are seven ways to paint the vertices, as shown in the figure below.
Among them, there are three ways such that Vertex 1 is black, four ways such that Vertex 2 is black and three ways such that Vertex 3 is black.

Sample Input 2

4 100
1 2
1 3
1 4

Sample Output 2

8
5
5
5

Sample Input 3

1 100

Sample Output 3

1

Sample Input 4

10 2
8 5
10 8
6 5
1 5
4 8
2 10
3 6
9 2
1 7

Sample Output 4

0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1

Be sure to print the answers modulo M.

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

// ---------- begin Rerooting ----------
pub trait RerootingOperator {
    type Value: Clone;
    type Edge: Clone;
    fn init(&mut self, v: usize) -> Self::Value;
    fn merge(
        &mut self,
        parent: &Self::Value,
        child: &Self::Value,
        edge: &Self::Edge,
    ) -> Self::Value;
}

pub struct Rerooting<R: RerootingOperator> {
    manager: R,
    size: usize,
    edge: Vec<(usize, usize, R::Edge, R::Edge)>,
}

impl<R: RerootingOperator> Rerooting<R> {
    pub fn new(size: usize, manager: R) -> Self {
        Rerooting {
            manager: manager,
            size: size,
            edge: vec![],
        }
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn add_edge(&mut self, a: usize, b: usize, cost: R::Edge) {
        assert!(a < self.size && b < self.size && a != b);
        self.add_edge_bi(a, b, cost.clone(), cost);
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn add_edge_bi(&mut self, a: usize, b: usize, ab: R::Edge, ba: R::Edge) {
        assert!(a < self.size && b < self.size && a != b);
        self.edge.push((a, b, ab, ba));
    }
    pub fn solve(&mut self) -> Vec<R::Value> {
        let size = self.size;
        let mut graph = vec![vec![]; size];
        for e in self.edge.iter() {
            graph[e.0].push((e.1, e.2.clone()));
            graph[e.1].push((e.0, e.3.clone()));
        }
        let root = 0;
        let mut topo = vec![];
        let mut parent = vec![root; size];
        let mut stack = vec![root];
        let mut parent_edge: Vec<Option<R::Edge>> = (0..size).map(|_| None).collect();
        while let Some(v) = stack.pop() {
            topo.push(v);
            if let Some(k) = graph[v].iter().position(|e| e.0 == parent[v]) {
                let (_, c) = graph[v].remove(k);
                parent_edge[v] = Some(c);
            }
            for e in graph[v].iter() {
                parent[e.0] = v;
                stack.push(e.0);
            }
        }
        assert!(topo.len() == size);
        let manager = &mut self.manager;
        let mut down: Vec<_> = (0..size).map(|v| manager.init(v)).collect();
        for &v in topo.iter().rev() {
            for e in graph[v].iter() {
                down[v] = manager.merge(&down[v], &down[e.0], &e.1);
            }
        }
        let mut up: Vec<_> = (0..size).map(|v| manager.init(v)).collect();
        let mut stack = vec![];
        for &v in topo.iter() {
            if let Some(e) = parent_edge[v].take() {
                let ini = manager.init(v);
                up[v] = manager.merge(&ini, &up[v], &e);
            }
            if !graph[v].is_empty() {
                stack.push((graph[v].as_slice(), up[v].clone()));
                while let Some((g, val)) = stack.pop() {
                    if g.len() == 1 {
                        up[g[0].0] = val;
                    } else {
                        let m = g.len() / 2;
                        let (a, b) = g.split_at(m);
                        for a in [(a, b), (b, a)].iter() {
                            let mut p = val.clone();
                            for a in a.0.iter() {
                                p = manager.merge(&p, &down[a.0], &a.1);
                            }
                            stack.push((a.1, p));
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            for e in graph[v].iter() {
                up[v] = manager.merge(&up[v], &down[e.0], &e.1);
            }
        }
        up
    }
}
// ---------- end Rerooting ----------

struct DP(usize);

impl RerootingOperator for DP {
    type Value = usize;
    type Edge = ();
    fn init(&mut self, _v: usize) -> Self::Value {
        1
    }
    fn merge(
        &mut self,
        parent: &Self::Value,
        child: &Self::Value,
        _edge: &Self::Edge,
    ) -> Self::Value {
        parent * (child + 1) % self.0
    }
}

use std::io::Read;
use std::io::Write;

fn run() {
    let mut s = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
    let mut it = s.trim().split_whitespace();
    let n: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    let p = DP(it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap());
    let mut solver = Rerooting::new(n, p);
    for _ in 1..n {
        let a: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
        let b: usize = it.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
        solver.add_edge(a - 1, b - 1, ());
    }
    let ans = solver.solve();
    let out = std::io::stdout();
    let mut out = std::io::BufWriter::new(out.lock());
    for a in ans {
        writeln!(out, "{}", a).ok();
    }
}

fn main() {
    run();
}