Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given N positive integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_N.

For a non-negative integer m, let f(m) = (m\ mod\ a_1) + (m\ mod\ a_2) + ... + (m\ mod\ a_N).

Here, X\ mod\ Y denotes the remainder of the division of X by Y.

Find the maximum value of f.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 3000

2 \leq a_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the maximum value of f.

Sample Input 1

3
3 4 6

Sample Output 1

10

f(11) = (11\ mod\ 3) + (11\ mod\ 4) + (11\ mod\ 6) = 10 is the maximum value of f.

Sample Input 2

5
7 46 11 20 11

Sample Output 2

90

Sample Input 3

7
994 518 941 851 647 2 581

Sample Output 3

4527

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use std::io::stdin;
fn get_string() -> String {
    let mut s = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut s).unwrap();
    s.trim().to_string()
}

macro_rules! input {
    ($single:ty) => ( get_string().parse::<$single>().unwrap() );
    ($plural:ty,) => ({
        let line = get_string();
        line.split_whitespace().map(|v| v.parse::<$plural>().unwrap()).collect::<Vec<$plural>>()
    });
    ($($plural:ty),+) => ({
        let line = get_string();
        let mut iter = line.split_whitespace();
        ($(iter.next().unwrap().parse::<$plural>().unwrap()),+)
    });
    ($single:ty; $times:expr) => ( (0..$times).map(|_| input!($single)).collect::<Vec<$single>>() );
    ($($plural:ty),+; $times:expr) => ( (0..$times).map(|_| input!($($plural),+)).collect::<Vec<($($plural),+)>>() );
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn get_value<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> T {
    get_string().parse().ok().unwrap()
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn get_values_for<T: std::str::FromStr>(times: u64) -> Vec<T> {
    (0..times).map(|_| get_value()).collect()
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn get_vector<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    get_string()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|v| v.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect()
}
#[allow(dead_code)]
fn get_vectors_for<T: std::str::FromStr>(times: u64) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
    (0..times).map(|_| get_vector()).collect()
}

fn main() {
    let _n = input!(u64);
    let a = input!(u64,);

    let ans = a.into_iter().fold(0, |sum, x| sum + x - 1);
    println!("{}", ans);
}