Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

You have a string A = A_1 A_2 ... A_n consisting of lowercase English letters.

You can choose any two indices i and j such that 1 \leq i \leq j \leq n and reverse substring A_i A_{i+1} ... A_j.

You can perform this operation at most once.

How many different strings can you obtain?

Constraints

1 \leq |A| \leq 200,000

A consists of lowercase English letters.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A

Output

Print the number of different strings you can obtain by reversing any substring in A at most once.

Sample Input 1

aatt

Sample Output 1

5

You can obtain aatt (don't do anything), atat (reverse A[2..3]), atta (reverse A[2..4]), ttaa (reverse A[1..4]) and taat (reverse A[1..3]).

Sample Input 2

xxxxxxxxxx

Sample Output 2

1

Whatever substring you reverse, you'll always get xxxxxxxxxx.

Sample Input 3

abracadabra

Sample Output 3

44

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::{max, min, Ordering};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, BinaryHeap};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::iter::FromIterator;

mod util {
    use std::io::stdin;
    use std::str::FromStr;
    use std::fmt::Debug;

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn line() -> String {
        let mut line: String = String::new();
        stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
        line.trim().to_string()
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn get<T: FromStr>() -> T
    where
        <T as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
    {
        let mut line: String = String::new();
        stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
        line.trim().parse().unwrap()
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn gets<T: FromStr>() -> Vec<T>
    where
        <T as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
    {
        let mut line: String = String::new();
        stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
        line.split_whitespace()
            .map(|t| t.parse().unwrap())
            .collect()
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn get2<T: FromStr, U: FromStr>() -> (T, U)
    where
        <T as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
        <U as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
    {
        let mut line: String = String::new();
        stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
        let mut iter = line.split_whitespace();
        (
            iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap(),
            iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap(),
        )
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub fn get3<S: FromStr, T: FromStr, U: FromStr>() -> (S, T, U)
    where
        <S as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
        <T as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
        <U as FromStr>::Err: Debug,
    {
        let mut line: String = String::new();
        stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
        let mut iter = line.split_whitespace();
        (
            iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap(),
            iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap(),
            iter.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap(),
        )
    }
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! debug {
    ($($a:expr),*) => {
        println!(concat!($(stringify!($a), " = {:?}, "),*), $($a),*);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let a: Vec<char> = util::line().chars().collect();
    let n = a.len();
    let mut count = HashMap::new();

    for &c in &a {
        *count.entry(c).or_insert(0) += 1;
    }

    let ans = 1 + n * (n - 1) / 2 - count.values().map(|&c| c * (c - 1) / 2).sum::<usize>();

    println!("{}", ans);
}