Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

There is a building with n rooms, numbered 1 to n.

We can move from any room to any other room in the building.

Let us call the following event a move: a person in some room i goes to another room j~ (i \neq j).

Initially, there was one person in each room in the building.

After that, we know that there were exactly k moves happened up to now.

We are interested in the number of people in each of the n rooms now. How many combinations of numbers of people in the n rooms are possible?

Find the count modulo (10^9 + 7).

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 2 \times 10^5

2 \leq k \leq 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n k

Output

Print the number of possible combinations of numbers of people in the n rooms now, modulo (10^9 + 7).

Sample Input 1

3 2

Sample Output 1

10

Let c_1, c_2, and c_3 be the number of people in Room 1, 2, and 3 now, respectively. There are 10 possible combination of (c_1, c_2, c_3):

(0, 0, 3)

(0, 1, 2)

(0, 2, 1)

(0, 3, 0)

(1, 0, 2)

(1, 1, 1)

(1, 2, 0)

(2, 0, 1)

(2, 1, 0)

(3, 0, 0)

For example, (c_1, c_2, c_3) will be (0, 1, 2) if the person in Room 1 goes to Room 2 and then one of the persons in Room 2 goes to Room 3.

Sample Input 2

200000 1000000000

Sample Output 2

607923868

Print the count modulo (10^9 + 7).

Sample Input 3

15 6

Sample Output 3

22583772

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::char::from_digit;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::{max, min};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::fs::File;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::io::prelude::*;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::io::{stdin, stdout, BufReader, BufWriter, Stdin, Stdout, Write};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::mem::swap;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::str::FromStr;

type BoxResult<T> = Result<T, Box<std::error::Error>>;

const MOD: u64 = 1_000_000_000 + 7;

fn main() {
    let mut scanner = Scanner::new(stdin());
    let (n, k) = scanner.read_two::<usize, usize>().unwrap();
    let invs = (1..(n + 1)).map(|i| power(i as u64, MOD - 2, MOD)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
    let combi1 = combis(n as u64, n as u64, &invs);
    let combi2 = combis(n as u64 - 1, n as u64 - 1, &invs);
    let mut ans = 0;
    for i in 0..min(k + 1, n) {
        ans += (combi1[i] * combi2[n - 1 - i]) % MOD;
        ans %= MOD;
    }
    println!("{}", ans);
}

fn combis(n: u64, k: u64, invs: &[u64]) -> Vec<u64> {
    (0..(k + 1)).scan(1, |state, val| {
        if val > 0 {
            *state = (*state * (n - val + 1)) % MOD;
            *state = (*state * invs[val as usize - 1]) % MOD;
        }
        Some(*state)
    }).collect()
}

fn power(x: u64, mut k: u64, modulo: u64) -> u64 {
    let mut pows = vec![x];
    for i in 0..63 {
        let square = (pows[i] * pows[i]) % modulo;
        pows.push(square);
    }
    let mut pow = 1;
    for i in 0..64 {
        let flag = k & 1;
        k >>= 1;
        if flag == 1 {
            pow = (pow * pows[i]) % modulo;
        }
    }
    pow
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
struct Scanner<R> {
    reader: BufReader<R>,
    buffer: String,
}
impl<R> Scanner<R>
where
    R: Read,
{
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn new(inner: R) -> Scanner<R> {
        let reader = BufReader::new(inner);
        let buffer = String::new();
        Scanner {
            reader: reader,
            buffer: buffer,
        }
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn with_capacity(capacity: usize, inner: R) -> Scanner<R> {
        let reader = BufReader::with_capacity(capacity, inner);
        let buffer = String::new();
        Scanner {
            reader: reader,
            buffer: buffer,
        }
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_line(&mut self) -> BoxResult<String> {
        self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
        let cloned = self.buffer.trim().to_string();
        self.buffer.clear();
        Ok(cloned)
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read<T>(&mut self) -> BoxResult<T>
    where
        T: FromStr,
        T::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        T::Err: std::error::Error,
        T::Err: 'static,
    {
        self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
        let parsed = self.buffer.trim().parse()?;
        self.buffer.clear();
        Ok(parsed)
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_two<T, U>(&mut self) -> BoxResult<(T, U)>
    where
        T: FromStr,
        T: Copy,
        T::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        T::Err: std::error::Error,
        T::Err: 'static,
        U: FromStr,
        U: Copy,
        U::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        U::Err: std::error::Error,
        U::Err: 'static,
    {
        self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
        let (a, b) = {
            let params = self.buffer.trim().split_whitespace().collect::<Vec<_>>();
            let a = params[0].parse()?;
            let b = params[1].parse()?;
            (a, b)
        };
        self.buffer.clear();
        Ok((a, b))
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_three<T>(&mut self) -> BoxResult<(T, T, T)>
    where
        T: FromStr,
        T: Copy,
        T::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        T::Err: std::error::Error,
        T::Err: 'static,
    {
        let nums = self.read_vector()?;
        Ok((nums[0], nums[1], nums[2]))
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_vector<T>(&mut self) -> BoxResult<Vec<T>>
    where
        T: FromStr,
        T::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        T::Err: std::error::Error,
        T::Err: 'static,
    {
        self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
        let parsed_vec = self
            .buffer
            .trim()
            .split_whitespace()
            .map(|s| s.parse())
            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
        self.buffer.clear();
        Ok(parsed_vec)
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_matrix<T>(&mut self, lines: usize) -> BoxResult<Vec<Vec<T>>>
    where
        T: FromStr,
        T::Err: std::fmt::Debug,
        T::Err: std::error::Error,
        T::Err: 'static,
    {
        let mut parsed_matrix = vec![];
        for _ in 0..lines {
            self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
            parsed_matrix.push(
                self.buffer
                    .trim()
                    .split_whitespace()
                    .map(|s| s.parse())
                    .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?,
            );
            self.buffer.clear();
        }
        Ok(parsed_matrix)
    }
    #[allow(dead_code)]
    fn read_chars(&mut self) -> BoxResult<Vec<char>> {
        self.reader.read_line(&mut self.buffer)?;
        let chars = self.buffer.trim().chars().collect::<Vec<_>>();
        self.buffer.clear();
        Ok(chars)
    }
}