Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer N. Find the number of strings of length N that satisfy the following conditions, modulo 10^9+7:

The string does not contain characters other than A, C, G and T.

The string does not contain AGC as a substring.

The condition above cannot be violated by swapping two adjacent characters once.

Notes

A substring of a string T is a string obtained by removing zero or more characters from the beginning and the end of T.

For example, the substrings of ATCODER include TCO, AT, CODER, ATCODER and (the empty string), but not AC.

Constraints

3 \leq N \leq 100

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of strings of length N that satisfy the following conditions, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

3

Sample Output 1

61

There are 4^3 = 64 strings of length 3 that do not contain characters other than A, C, G and T. Among them, only AGC, ACG and GAC violate the condition, so the answer is 64 - 3 = 61.

Sample Input 2

4

Sample Output 2

230

Sample Input 3

100

Sample Output 3

388130742

Be sure to print the number of strings modulo 10^9+7.

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*------------------------- begin template -------------------------*/
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

// ref: tanakh <https://qiita.com/tanakh/items/0ba42c7ca36cd29d0ac8>
// diff: using Parser
macro_rules! input {
    (source = $s:expr, $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut parser = Parser::from_str($s);
        input_inner!{parser, $($r)*}
    };
    (parser = $parser:ident, $($r:tt)*) => {
        input_inner!{$parser, $($r)*}
    };
    (new_stdin_parser = $parser:ident, $($r:tt)*) => {
        let stdin = std::io::stdin();
        let reader = std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock());
        let mut $parser = Parser::new(reader);
        input_inner!{$parser, $($r)*}
    };
    ($($r:tt)*) => {
        input!{new_stdin_parser = parser, $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! input_inner {
    ($parser:ident) => {};
    ($parser:ident, ) => {};
    ($parser:ident, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let $var = read_value!($parser, $t);
        input_inner!{$parser $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! read_value {
    ($parser:ident, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {
        ( $(read_value!($parser, $t)),* )
    };
    ($parser:ident, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {
        (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($parser, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };
    ($parser:ident, chars) => {
        read_value!($parser, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()
    };
    ($parser:ident, usize1) => {
        read_value!($parser, usize) - 1
    };
    ($parser:ident, i64_) => {
        $parser.fast_i64()
    };
    ($parser:ident, usize_) => {
        $parser.fast_i64() as usize
    };
    ($parser:ident, usize1_) => {
        ($parser.fast_i64() - 1) as usize
    };
    ($parser:ident, $t:ty) => {
        $parser.next::<$t>().expect("Parse error")
    };
}

use std::io;
use std::io::BufRead;
use std::str;

// ref: tatsuya6502 <https://qiita.com/tatsuya6502/items/cd448486f7ef7b5b8c7e>
// ref: wariuni <https://qiita.com/tatsuya6502/items/cd448486f7ef7b5b8c7e#comment-7040a5ae96305e884eb9>
// diff: using std::io::BufRead::fill_buf()
pub struct Parser<R> {
    pub reader: R,
    buf: Vec<u8>,
    pos: usize,
}

impl Parser<io::Empty> {
    pub fn from_str(s: &str) -> Parser<io::Empty> {
        Parser {
            reader: io::empty(),
            buf: s.as_bytes().to_vec(),
            pos: 0,
        }
    }
}

impl<R: BufRead> Parser<R> {
    pub fn new(reader: R) -> Parser<R> {
        Parser {
            reader: reader,
            buf: vec![],
            pos: 0,
        }
    }
    pub fn update_buf(&mut self) {
        self.buf.clear();
        self.pos = 0;
        loop {
            let (len, complete) = {
                let buf2 = self.reader.fill_buf().unwrap();
                self.buf.extend_from_slice(buf2);
                let len = buf2.len();
                (len, buf2[len - 1] <= 0x20)
            };
            self.reader.consume(len);
            if complete {
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    pub fn next<T: str::FromStr>(&mut self) -> Result<T, T::Err> {
        loop {
            let mut begin = self.pos;
            while begin < self.buf.len() && (self.buf[begin] <= 0x20) {
                begin += 1;
            }
            let mut end = begin;
            while end < self.buf.len() && (self.buf[end] > 0x20) {
                end += 1;
            }
            if begin != self.buf.len() {
                self.pos = end;
                return unsafe { str::from_utf8_unchecked(&self.buf[begin..end]) }.parse::<T>();
            } else {
                self.update_buf();
            }
        }
    }
    pub fn fast_i64(&mut self) -> i64 {
        loop {
            let mut begin = self.pos;
            while begin < self.buf.len() && (self.buf[begin] <= 0x20) {
                begin += 1;
            }
            if begin == self.buf.len() {
                self.update_buf();
                continue;
            }
            let mut res = 0;
            let (is_positive, mut end) = match self.buf[begin] {
                b'+' => (true, begin + 1),
                b'-' => (false, begin + 1),
                _ => (true, begin),
            };
            while end < self.buf.len() && (self.buf[end] > 0x20) {
                res = res * 10 + (self.buf[end] as i64 - '0' as i64);
                end += 1;
            }
            if begin != self.buf.len() {
                self.pos = end;
                return if is_positive { res } else { -res };
            } else {
                self.update_buf();
            }
        }
    }
}

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::*;
use std::marker::PhantomData;
use std::ops::*;

pub trait ModP {
    fn as_u64() -> u64;
}

#[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct Mod_1_000_000_007();
impl ModP for Mod_1_000_000_007 {
    fn as_u64() -> u64 {
        1_000_000_007
    }
}

#[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct Mod_998_244_353();
impl ModP for Mod_998_244_353 {
    fn as_u64() -> u64 {
        998_244_353
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Debug)]
pub struct Modular<P: ModP + Copy>(u64, PhantomData<P>);

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Modular<P> {
    pub fn new(x: u64) -> Modular<P> {
        Modular(x % P::as_u64(), PhantomData)
    }
    pub fn pow(self, n: u64) -> Modular<P> {
        if n == 0 {
            return Modular(1, PhantomData);
        }
        let t = self.pow(n / 2);
        if n % 2 == 0 {
            t * t
        } else {
            t * t * self
        }
    }
    pub fn as_u64(self) -> u64 {
        self.0
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Add for Modular<P> {
    type Output = Self;
    fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        Modular((self.0 + rhs.0) % P::as_u64(), PhantomData)
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> AddAssign for Modular<P> {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, rhs: Self) {
        *self = *self + rhs;
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Sub for Modular<P> {
    type Output = Self;
    fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        Modular(
            (self.0 + P::as_u64() - rhs.0 % P::as_u64()) % P::as_u64(),
            PhantomData,
        )
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> SubAssign for Modular<P> {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, rhs: Self) {
        *self = *self - rhs;
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Neg for Modular<P> {
    type Output = Modular<P>;
    fn neg(self) -> Modular<P> {
        Modular(P::as_u64() - self.0, PhantomData)
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Mul for Modular<P> {
    type Output = Self;
    fn mul(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        Modular(
            (self.0 % P::as_u64()) * (rhs.0 % P::as_u64()) % P::as_u64(),
            PhantomData,
        )
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> MulAssign for Modular<P> {
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, rhs: Self) {
        *self = *self * rhs;
    }
}

impl<P: ModP + Copy> Div for Modular<P> {
    type Output = Self;
    fn div(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
        if rhs.0 == 0 {
            loop {}
        }
        assert!(rhs.0 != 0);
        self * rhs.pow(P::as_u64() - 2)
    }
}

pub fn gen_fact_table<P: ModP + Copy>(n: usize) -> Vec<Modular<P>> {
    let mut res = vec![Modular::<P>::new(1); n + 1];
    for i in 0..n {
        res[i + 1] = res[i] * Modular::<P>::new((i + 1) as u64);
    }
    res
}

pub fn gen_inv_table<P: ModP + Copy>(n: usize) -> Vec<Modular<P>> {
    let mut res = vec![Modular::<P>::new(0); n + 1];
    res[1] = Modular::<P>::new(1);
    for i in 2..n + 1 {
        res[i] = -res[P::as_u64() as usize % i] * Modular::<P>::new(P::as_u64() / i as u64);
    }
    res
}

fn main() {
    input! {
        new_stdin_parser = parser,
    }
    let res = solve(&mut parser);
    print!("{}", res);
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/*-------------------------- end template --------------------------*/
/*------------------------------------------------------------------*/

type Mod = Modular<Mod_1_000_000_007>;

use std::fmt::Write;
fn solve<R: BufRead>(parser: &mut Parser<R>) -> String {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    input! {
        parser = parser,
        n: usize,
    }
    // trans
    let mut trans = vec![vec![]; 4 * 4 * 4];
    for i in 0..4 * 4 * 4 {
        let (i1, i2, i3) = (i / 4 / 4, i / 4 % 4, i % 4);
        for k in 0..4 * 4 * 4 {
            let (k1, k2, k3) = (k / 4 / 4, k / 4 % 4, k % 4);
            if i2 == k1 && i3 == k2 {
                if k1 == 0 && k2 == 2 && k3 == 1 {
                } else if k1 == 2 && k2 == 0 && k3 == 1 {
                } else if k1 == 0 && k2 == 1 && k3 == 2 {
                } else if i1 == 0 && k2 == 2 && k3 == 1 {
                } else if i1 == 0 && k1 == 2 && k3 == 1 {
                } else {
                    trans[i].push(k);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    // init?
    let mut dp = vec![Mod::new(1); 4 * 4 * 4];
    dp[0 * 4 * 4 + 2 * 4 + 1] = Mod::new(0);
    dp[2 * 4 * 4 + 0 * 4 + 1] = Mod::new(0);
    dp[0 * 4 * 4 + 1 * 4 + 2] = Mod::new(0);
    // dp
    for _ in 0..n - 3 {
        let mut dp2 = vec![Mod::new(0); 4 * 4 * 4];
        for i in 0..4 * 4 * 4 {
            for &next in &trans[i] {
                dp2[next] += dp[i];
            }
        }
        dp = dp2;
    }
    let mut res = Mod::new(0);
    for i in 0..64 {
        res += dp[i];
    }
    writeln!(buf, "{}", res.as_u64());
    buf
}