Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There is a simple directed graph G with N vertices, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N.

For each i and j (1 \leq i, j \leq N), you are given an integer a_{i, j} that represents whether there is a directed edge from Vertex i to j.
If a_{i, j} = 1, there is a directed edge from Vertex i to j; if a_{i, j} = 0, there is not.

Find the number of different directed paths of length K in G, modulo 10^9 + 7.
We will also count a path that traverses the same edge multiple times.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 50

1 \leq K \leq 10^{18}

a_{i, j} is 0 or 1.

a_{i, i} = 0

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
a_{1, 1} \ldots a_{1, N}
:
a_{N, 1} \ldots a_{N, N}

Output

Print the number of different directed paths of length K in G, modulo 10^9 + 7.

Sample Input 1

4 2
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1
0 0 0 1
1 0 0 0

Sample Output 1

6

G is drawn in the figure below:

There are six directed paths of length 2:

1 → 2 → 3

1 → 2 → 4

2 → 3 → 4

2 → 4 → 1

3 → 4 → 1

4 → 1 → 2

Sample Input 2

3 3
0 1 0
1 0 1
0 0 0

Sample Output 2

3

G is drawn in the figure below:

There are three directed paths of length 3:

1 → 2 → 1 → 2

2 → 1 → 2 → 1

2 → 1 → 2 → 3

Sample Input 3

6 2
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0

Sample Output 3

1

G is drawn in the figure below:

There is one directed path of length 2:

4 → 5 → 6

Sample Input 4

1 1
0

Sample Output 4

0

Sample Input 5

10 1000000000000000000
0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0

Sample Output 5

957538352

Be sure to print the count modulo 10^9 + 7.

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::Ordering;

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::io::{stdin, stdout, BufWriter, Write};

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::iter::FromIterator;

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! min {
    ($x: expr) => ($x);
    ($x: expr, $($z: expr),+) => {{
        std::cmp::min($x, min!($($z),*))
    }}
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! max {
    ($x: expr) => ($x);
    ($x: expr, $($z: expr),+) => {{
        std::cmp::max($x, max!($($z),*))
    }}
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! get {
    ([$t: ty]) => {
        {
            let mut line = String::new();
            stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
            line.split_whitespace().map(|t|t.parse::<$t>().unwrap()).collect::<Vec<_>>()
        }
    };
    ([$t: ty];$n: expr) => {
        (0..$n).map(|_|get!([$t])).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };
    ($t: ty) => {
        {
            let mut line = String::new();
            stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
            line.trim().parse::<$t>().unwrap()
        }
    };
    ($($t: ty),*) => {
        {
            let mut line = String::new();
            stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
            let mut iter = line.split_whitespace();
            ($(iter.next().unwrap().parse::<$t>().unwrap(),)*)
        }
    };
    ($t: ty; $n: expr) => {
        (0..$n).map(|_|get!($t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };
    ($($t: ty),*; $n: expr) => {
        (0..$n).map(|_|get!($($t),*)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! debug {
    ($($a:expr),*) => {
        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
        writeln!(&mut std::io::stderr(), concat!("[DEBUG] ", $(stringify!($a), "={:?} "),*), $($a),*).unwrap();
    }
}

const BIG_STACK_SIZE: bool = true;

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn main() {
    use std::thread;
    if BIG_STACK_SIZE {
        thread::Builder::new()
            .stack_size(32 * 1024 * 1024)
            .name("solve".into())
            .spawn(solve)
            .unwrap()
            .join()
            .unwrap();
    } else {
        solve();
    }
}

use self::modint::ModInt;
mod modint {
    use std;
    #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    pub struct ModInt(usize);
    impl ModInt {
        pub fn new(value: usize) -> Self {
            ModInt(value % Self::modulo())
        }
        fn modulo() -> usize {
            1_000_000_007
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Add for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let mut value = self.0 + other.0;
            if value > Self::modulo() {
                value -= Self::modulo();
            }
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Add<usize> for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn add(self, other: usize) -> Self {
            let mut value = self.0 + other;
            if value > Self::modulo() {
                value -= Self::modulo();
            }
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Sub for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let mut value = self.0;
            if value < other.0 {
                value += Self::modulo();
            }
            value -= other.0;
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Sub<usize> for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn sub(self, other: usize) -> Self {
            let mut value = self.0;
            if value < other {
                value += Self::modulo();
            }
            value -= other;
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Mul for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn mul(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let value = self.0 * other.0 % Self::modulo();
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Mul<usize> for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn mul(self, other: usize) -> Self {
            let value = self.0 * other % Self::modulo();
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Div for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn div(self, other: Self) -> Self {
            let mut exp = Self::modulo() - 2;
            let mut value = self.0;
            let mut ovalue = other.0;
            while exp > 0 {
                if exp % 2 == 1 {
                    value = value * ovalue % Self::modulo();
                }
                ovalue = ovalue * ovalue % Self::modulo();
                exp /= 2;
            }
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::Div<usize> for ModInt {
        type Output = Self;
        fn div(self, other: usize) -> Self {
            let mut exp = Self::modulo() - 2;
            let mut value = self.0;
            let mut ovalue = other;
            while exp > 0 {
                if exp % 2 == 1 {
                    value = value * ovalue % Self::modulo();
                }
                ovalue = ovalue * ovalue % Self::modulo();
                exp /= 2;
            }
            ModInt::new(value)
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::AddAssign for ModInt {
        fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = *self + other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::AddAssign<usize> for ModInt {
        fn add_assign(&mut self, other: usize) {
            *self = *self + other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::SubAssign for ModInt {
        fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = *self - other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::SubAssign<usize> for ModInt {
        fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: usize) {
            *self = *self - other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::MulAssign for ModInt {
        fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = *self * other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::MulAssign<usize> for ModInt {
        fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: usize) {
            *self = *self * other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::DivAssign for ModInt {
        fn div_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = *self / other;
        }
    }
    impl std::ops::DivAssign<usize> for ModInt {
        fn div_assign(&mut self, other: usize) {
            *self = *self / other;
        }
    }
    impl std::fmt::Debug for ModInt {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(f, "{}", self.0)
        }
    }
    impl std::fmt::Display for ModInt {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(f, "{}", self.0)
        }
    }
}

fn log2(n: usize) -> usize {
    let mut count = 0;
    let mut n = n;
    while n > 0 {
        count += 1;
        n /= 2;
    }
    count
}

fn solve() {
    let (n, k) = get!(usize, usize);
    let a = get!([usize]; n);

    let mut dp = vec![vec![vec![ModInt::new(0); n]; 62]; n];
    for i in 0..n {
        for j in 0..n {
            dp[i][0][j] += a[i][j];
        }
    }

    for k in 1..62 {
        for i in 0..n {
            for j in 0..n {
                for l in 0..n {
                    dp[i][k][l] = dp[i][k][l] + dp[i][k - 1][j] * dp[j][k - 1][l];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    let mut res = vec![ModInt::new(1); n];
    for i in 0..log2(k) {
        if (k >> i) & 1 == 1 {
            let mut new = vec![ModInt::new(0); n];
            for j in 0..n {
                for m in 0..n {
                    new[m] += res[j] * dp[j][i][m];
                }
            }
            res = new;
        }
    }
    let mut sum = ModInt::new(0);
    for i in 0..n {
        sum += res[i];
    }
    println!("{}", sum);
}