Problem:
Score : 900 points

Problem Statement

For a positive integer n, let us define f(n) as the number of digits in base 10.

You are given an integer S.
Count the number of the pairs of positive integers (l, r) (l \leq r) such that f(l) + f(l + 1) + ... + f(r) = S, and find the count modulo 10^9 + 7.

Constraints

1 \leq S \leq 10^8

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

Output

Print the answer.

Sample Input 1

1

Sample Output 1

9

There are nine pairs (l, r) that satisfies the condition: (1, 1), (2, 2), ..., (9, 9).

Sample Input 2

2

Sample Output 2

98

There are 98 pairs (l, r) that satisfies the condition, such as (1, 2) and (33, 33).

Sample Input 3

123

Sample Output 3

460191684

Sample Input 4

36018

Sample Output 4

966522825

Sample Input 5

1000

Sample Output 5

184984484

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use proconio::input;

// modint {{{
mod modint {
    pub trait ModValue:
        std::ops::Add<Output = Self>
        + std::ops::Sub<Output = Self>
        + std::ops::Mul<Output = Self>
        + std::ops::Div<Output = Self>
        + std::ops::Rem<Output = Self>
        + std::ops::AddAssign
        + std::ops::SubAssign
        + std::ops::MulAssign
        + std::ops::DivAssign
        + std::ops::RemAssign
        + std::ops::Neg
        + std::cmp::Ord
        + Clone
        + Copy
        + Sized
        + std::fmt::Debug
        + std::fmt::Display
    {
    }

    impl<
            Value: std::ops::Add<Output = Self>
                + std::ops::Sub<Output = Self>
                + std::ops::Mul<Output = Self>
                + std::ops::Div<Output = Self>
                + std::ops::Rem<Output = Self>
                + std::ops::AddAssign
                + std::ops::SubAssign
                + std::ops::MulAssign
                + std::ops::DivAssign
                + std::ops::RemAssign
                + std::ops::Neg
                + std::cmp::Ord
                + Clone
                + Copy
                + Sized
                + std::fmt::Debug
                + std::fmt::Display,
        > ModValue for Value
    {
    }

    pub trait Minfo: Clone + Copy + std::fmt::Debug {
        type Value: ModValue;

        fn modulus() -> Self::Value;

        fn zero() -> Self::Value;

        fn one() -> Self::Value;
    }

    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
    pub struct Mint<Mod: Minfo>(Mod::Value);

    impl<Mod: Minfo> Mint<Mod> {
        #[inline]
        #[allow(dead_code)]
        fn is_within_the_range(x: Mod::Value) -> bool {
            Mod::zero() <= x && x < Mod::modulus()
        }

        #[inline]
        #[allow(dead_code)]
        fn normalize(x: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            if Self::is_within_the_range(x) {
                x
            } else {
                let x = x % Mod::modulus();
                if x < Mod::zero() {
                    x + Mod::modulus()
                } else {
                    x
                }
            }
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn zero() -> Self {
            Self(Mod::zero())
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn one() -> Self {
            Self(Mod::one())
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn modulus() -> Mod::Value {
            Mod::modulus()
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn is_zero(&self) -> bool {
            self.value() == Mod::zero()
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn from_value(x: Mod::Value) -> Self {
            Self(Self::normalize(x))
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn value(&self) -> Mod::Value {
            self.0
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn inv(&self) -> Self {
            if self.is_zero() {
                panic!("inv(0)");
            }
            Self(Self::raw_inv(self.value()))
        }

        #[allow(dead_code)]
        pub fn pow(&self, b: u64) -> Self {
            Self(Self::raw_pow(self.value(), b))
        }

        fn raw_add(x: Mod::Value, y: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            let z = x + y;
            if Mod::modulus() <= z {
                z - Mod::modulus()
            } else {
                z
            }
        }

        fn raw_sub(x: Mod::Value, y: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            let z = x - y;
            if z < Mod::zero() {
                z + Mod::modulus()
            } else {
                z
            }
        }

        fn raw_neg(x: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            if x == Mod::zero() {
                Mod::zero()
            } else {
                Mod::modulus() - x
            }
        }

        fn raw_mul(x: Mod::Value, y: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            x * y % Mod::modulus()
        }

        fn raw_div(x: Mod::Value, y: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            Self::raw_mul(x, Self::raw_inv(y))
        }

        #[allow(clippy::many_single_char_names)]
        fn raw_inv(mut x: Mod::Value) -> Mod::Value {
            let mut y = Mod::modulus();
            let mut u = Mod::one();
            let mut v = Mod::zero();
            while x != Mod::zero() {
                let q = y / x;
                y -= x * q;
                v -= u * q;
                std::mem::swap(&mut x, &mut y);
                std::mem::swap(&mut u, &mut v);
            }
            Self::normalize(v)
        }

        fn raw_pow(mut a: Mod::Value, mut b: u64) -> Mod::Value {
            let mut x = Mod::one();
            while 0 < b {
                if b % 2 == 1 {
                    x = Self::raw_mul(x, a);
                }
                a = Self::raw_mul(a, a);
                b /= 2
            }
            x
        }
    }

    macro_rules! impl_biop {
        (
            $(
                $biop_trait: ident::$biop_fn: ident,
                $biop_assign_trait: ident::$biop_assign_fn: ident,
                $biop_impl: ident;
            )*
        ) => {
            $(
                impl<Mod: Minfo> std::ops::$biop_trait for Mint<Mod> {
                    type Output = Self;
                    fn $biop_fn(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
                        Mint(Self::$biop_impl(self.value(), rhs.value()))
                    }
                }
                impl<Mod: Minfo> std::ops::$biop_assign_trait for Mint<Mod>
                where
                    Self: Copy
                {
                    fn $biop_assign_fn(&mut self, rhs: Self) {
                        use std::ops::$biop_trait;
                        *self = Mint::$biop_fn(*self, rhs)
                    }
                }
            )*
        };
    }

    impl_biop! {
        Add::add, AddAssign::add_assign, raw_add;
        Sub::sub, SubAssign::sub_assign, raw_sub;
        Mul::mul, MulAssign::mul_assign, raw_mul;
        Div::div, DivAssign::div_assign, raw_div;
    }

    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::ops::Neg for Mint<Mod> {
        type Output = Self;
        fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
            Self(Self::raw_neg(self.value()))
        }
    }

    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::cmp::PartialEq for Mint<Mod> {
        fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
            self.value().eq(&other.value())
        }
    }
    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::cmp::Eq for Mint<Mod> {}

    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::fmt::Display for Mint<Mod> {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(f, "{}", self.value())
        }
    }

    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::iter::Sum<Self> for Mint<Mod> {
        fn sum<I: Iterator<Item = Self>>(iter: I) -> Self {
            iter.fold(Mint::zero(), |acc, x| acc + x)
        }
    }

    impl<Mod: Minfo> std::iter::Product<Self> for Mint<Mod> {
        fn product<I: Iterator<Item = Self>>(iter: I) -> Self {
            iter.fold(Mint::one(), |acc, x| acc * x)
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub struct Factorial<Mod: Minfo> {
        normal: Vec<Mint<Mod>>,
        inverted: Vec<Mint<Mod>>,
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo> Factorial<Mod>
    where
        Mod::Value: std::convert::TryFrom<usize, Error = std::num::TryFromIntError>,
    {
        pub fn new(n: usize) -> Self {
            if n == 0 {
                Self {
                    normal: Vec::new(),
                    inverted: Vec::new(),
                }
            } else {
                use std::convert::TryFrom;
                let mut normal = vec![Mint::one(); n];
                for i in 1..n {
                    normal[i] = normal[i - 1] * Mint::from_value(Mod::Value::try_from(i).unwrap());
                }
                let mut inverted = vec![Mint::one(); n];
                inverted[n - 1] = normal[n - 1].inv();
                for i in (1..n).rev() {
                    inverted[i - 1] =
                        inverted[i] * Mint::from_value(Mod::Value::try_from(i).unwrap());
                }
                Self { normal, inverted }
            }
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo> Factorial<Mod> {
        pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
            self.normal.is_empty()
        }

        pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
            self.normal.len()
        }

        pub fn inverted(&self, i: usize) -> Mint<Mod> {
            self.inverted[i]
        }

        pub fn falling(&self, x: usize, p: usize) -> Mint<Mod> {
            if p == 0 {
                Mint::one()
            } else if x < p {
                Mint::zero()
            } else {
                assert!(x < self.len());
                self[x] * self.inverted(x - p)
            }
        }

        pub fn binom(&self, n: usize, k: usize) -> Mint<Mod> {
            if n < k {
                Mint::zero()
            } else {
                assert!(n < self.len());
                self[n] * self.inverted(k) * self.inverted(n - k)
            }
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo, I: std::slice::SliceIndex<[Mint<Mod>]>> std::ops::Index<I> for Factorial<Mod> {
        type Output = I::Output;

        #[inline]
        fn index(&self, index: I) -> &Self::Output {
            &self.normal[index]
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub struct DoubleFactorial<Mod: Minfo> {
        normal: Vec<Mint<Mod>>,
        inverted: Vec<Mint<Mod>>,
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo> DoubleFactorial<Mod>
    where
        Mod::Value: std::convert::TryFrom<usize, Error = std::num::TryFromIntError>,
    {
        pub fn new(n: usize) -> Self {
            use std::convert::TryFrom;
            let mut normal = vec![Mint::one(); n];
            for i in 2..n {
                normal[i] = normal[i - 2] * Mint::from_value(Mod::Value::try_from(i).unwrap());
            }
            let mut inverted = vec![Mint::one(); n];
            inverted[n - 1] = normal[n - 1].inv();
            inverted[n - 2] = normal[n - 2].inv();
            for i in (2..n).rev() {
                inverted[i - 2] = inverted[i] * Mint::from_value(Mod::Value::try_from(i).unwrap());
            }
            Self { normal, inverted }
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo> DoubleFactorial<Mod> {
        pub fn inverted(&self, i: usize) -> Mint<Mod> {
            self.inverted[i]
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    impl<Mod: Minfo, I: std::slice::SliceIndex<[Mint<Mod>]>> std::ops::Index<I>
        for DoubleFactorial<Mod>
    {
        type Output = I::Output;

        #[inline]
        fn index(&self, index: I) -> &Self::Output {
            &self.normal[index]
        }
    }

    #[macro_export]
    macro_rules! define_mint {
        (
            struct $modint: ident ($modinfo: ident ($modvalue: expr; $modty: ty));
        ) => {
            #[allow(dead_code)]
            #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
            pub struct $modinfo {}
            impl Minfo for $modinfo {
                type Value = $modty;
                fn modulus() -> Self::Value {
                    $modvalue
                }
                fn zero() -> Self::Value {
                    0
                }
                fn one() -> Self::Value {
                    1
                }
            }
            type $modint = Mint<$modinfo>;
        };
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
    pub struct Minfo1000000007 {}

    impl Minfo for Minfo1000000007 {
        type Value = i64;
        fn modulus() -> Self::Value {
            1_000_000_007
        }
        fn zero() -> Self::Value {
            0
        }
        fn one() -> Self::Value {
            1
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub type Mint1000000007 = Mint<Minfo1000000007>;

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
    pub struct Minfo998244353 {}

    impl Minfo for Minfo998244353 {
        type Value = i64;
        fn modulus() -> Self::Value {
            998_244_353
        }
        fn zero() -> Self::Value {
            0
        }
        fn one() -> Self::Value {
            1
        }
    }

    #[allow(dead_code)]
    pub type Mint998244353 = Mint<Minfo998244353>;
}
// }}}

type Mint = modint::Mint1000000007;

fn main() {
    input!(s: u64);

    let p0 = 8;

    let a: Vec<u64> = (1..p0)
        .map(|p| std::iter::repeat(p).take(9 * 10usize.pow(p as u32 - 1)))
        .flatten()
        .collect();

    let mut ans = Mint::zero();
    {
        let mut r = 0;
        let mut now = 0;
        for l in 0..a.len() {
            while r < a.len() && now + a[r] <= s {
                now += a[r];
                r += 1;
            }
            if now == s || r == a.len() && (s - now) % p0 == 0 {
                ans += Mint::one();
            }
            if l == r {
                r += 1;
            } else {
                now -= a[l];
            }
        }
    }

    ans += (1..=s / p0)
        .map(|len| {
            let q = s / len;
            let r = s % len;
            assert!(p0 <= q);
            let ret = if r == 0 {
                Mint::from_value(9) * Mint::from_value(10).pow(q - 1) - Mint::from_value(len as i64)
                    + Mint::one()
            } else {
                Mint::one()
            };
            ret
        })
        .sum::<Mint>();

    println!("{}", ans);
}