Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

There are N cells arranged in a row, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N from left to right.

Tak lives in these cells and is currently on Cell 1. He is trying to reach Cell N by using the procedure described below.

You are given an integer K that is less than or equal to 10, and K non-intersecting segments [L_1, R_1], [L_2, R_2], \ldots, [L_K, R_K].
Let S be the union of these K segments.
Here, the segment [l, r] denotes the set consisting of all integers i that satisfy l \leq i \leq r.

When you are on Cell i, pick an integer d from S and move to Cell i + d. You cannot move out of the cells.

To help Tak, find the number of ways to go to Cell N, modulo 998244353.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

1 \leq K \leq \min(N, 10)

1 \leq L_i \leq R_i \leq N

[L_i, R_i] and [L_j, R_j] do not intersect (i \neq j)

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
L_1 R_1
L_2 R_2
:
L_K R_K

Output

Print the number of ways for Tak to go from Cell 1 to Cell N, modulo 998244353.

Sample Input 1

5 2
1 1
3 4

Sample Output 1

4

The set S is the union of the segment [1, 1] and the segment [3, 4], therefore S = \{ 1, 3, 4 \} holds.

There are 4 possible ways to get to Cell 5:

1 \to 2 \to 3 \to 4 \to 5,

1 \to 2 \to 5,

1 \to 4 \to 5 and

1 \to 5.

Sample Input 2

5 2
3 3
5 5

Sample Output 2

0

Because S = \{ 3, 5 \} holds, you cannot reach to Cell 5.
Print 0.

Sample Input 3

5 1
1 2

Sample Output 3

5

Sample Input 4

60 3
5 8
1 3
10 15

Sample Output 4

221823067

Note that you have to print the answer modulo 998244353.

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports, unused_macros, dead_code)]

macro_rules! min {
    (.. $x:expr) => {{
        let mut it = $x.iter();
        it.next().map(|z| it.fold(z, |x, y| min!(x, y)))
    }};
    ($x:expr) => ($x);
    ($x:expr, $($ys:expr),*) => {{
        let t = min!($($ys),*);
        if $x < t { $x } else { t }
    }}
}
macro_rules! max {
    (.. $x:expr) => {{
        let mut it = $x.iter();
        it.next().map(|z| it.fold(z, |x, y| max!(x, y)))
    }};
    ($x:expr) => ($x);
    ($x:expr, $($ys:expr),*) => {{
        let t = max!($($ys),*);
        if $x > t { $x } else { t }
    }}
}
macro_rules! ewriteln {
    ($($args:expr),*) => { let _ = writeln!(&mut std::io::stderr(), $($args),*); };
}
macro_rules! trace {
    ($x:expr) => {
        #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
        eprintln!(">>> {} = {:?}", stringify!($x), $x)
    };
    ($($xs:expr),*) => { trace!(($($xs),*)) }
}
macro_rules! flush {
    () => {
        std::io::stdout().flush().unwrap();
    };
}
macro_rules! put {
    (.. $x:expr) => {{
        let mut it = $x.iter();
        if let Some(x) = it.next() { print!("{}", x); }
        for x in it { print!(" {}", x); }
        println!("");
    }};
    ($x:expr) => { println!("{}", $x) };
    ($x:expr, $($xs:expr),*) => { print!("{} ", $x); put!($($xs),*) }
}

const M: i64 = 998244353;

// @algebra/modint
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct ModInt(pub i64, pub i64); // (residual, modulo)

impl ModInt {
    pub fn new(residual: i64, modulo: i64) -> ModInt {
        if residual >= modulo {
            ModInt(residual % modulo, modulo)
        } else if residual < 0 {
            ModInt((residual % modulo) + modulo, modulo)
        } else {
            ModInt(residual, modulo)
        }
    }
    pub fn unwrap(self) -> i64 {
        self.0
    }
    pub fn inv(self) -> Self {
        fn exgcd(r0: i64, a0: i64, b0: i64, r: i64, a: i64, b: i64) -> (i64, i64, i64) {
            if r > 0 {
                exgcd(r, a, b, r0 % r, a0 - r0 / r * a, b0 - r0 / r * b)
            } else {
                (a0, b0, r0)
            }
        }
        let (a, _, r) = exgcd(self.0, 1, 0, self.1, 0, 1);
        if r != 1 {
            panic!("{:?} has no inverse!", self);
        }
        ModInt(((a % self.1) + self.1) % self.1, self.1)
    }
    pub fn pow(self, n: i64) -> Self {
        if n < 0 {
            self.pow(-n).inv()
        } else if n == 0 {
            ModInt(1, self.1)
        } else if n == 1 {
            self
        } else {
            let mut x = (self * self).pow(n / 2);
            if n % 2 == 1 {
                x *= self
            }
            x
        }
    }
}
impl std::fmt::Display for ModInt {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "{}", self.0)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Neg for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn neg(self) -> Self {
        if self.0 == 0 {
            return self;
        }
        ModInt(self.1 - self.0, self.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Add<i64> for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn add(self, other: i64) -> Self {
        ModInt::new(self.0 + other, self.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Add for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn add(self, other: ModInt) -> Self {
        self + other.0
    }
}
impl std::ops::Add<ModInt> for i64 {
    type Output = ModInt;
    fn add(self, other: ModInt) -> ModInt {
        other + self
    }
}
impl std::ops::AddAssign<i64> for ModInt {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, other: i64) {
        self.0 = ModInt::new(self.0 + other, self.1).0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::AddAssign for ModInt {
    fn add_assign(&mut self, other: ModInt) {
        *self += other.0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Sub<i64> for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn sub(self, other: i64) -> Self {
        ModInt::new(self.0 - other, self.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Sub for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn sub(self, other: ModInt) -> Self {
        self - other.0
    }
}
impl std::ops::Sub<ModInt> for i64 {
    type Output = ModInt;
    fn sub(self, other: ModInt) -> ModInt {
        ModInt::new(self - other.0, other.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::SubAssign<i64> for ModInt {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: i64) {
        self.0 = ModInt::new(self.0 - other, self.1).0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::SubAssign for ModInt {
    fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: ModInt) {
        *self -= other.0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Mul<i64> for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn mul(self, other: i64) -> Self {
        ModInt::new(self.0 * other, self.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Mul for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn mul(self, other: ModInt) -> Self {
        self * other.0
    }
}
impl std::ops::Mul<ModInt> for i64 {
    type Output = ModInt;
    fn mul(self, other: ModInt) -> ModInt {
        other * self
    }
}
impl std::ops::MulAssign<i64> for ModInt {
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: i64) {
        self.0 = ModInt::new(self.0 * other, self.1).0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::MulAssign for ModInt {
    fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: ModInt) {
        *self *= other.0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::Div for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn div(self, other: ModInt) -> Self {
        self * other.inv()
    }
}
impl std::ops::Div<i64> for ModInt {
    type Output = Self;
    fn div(self, other: i64) -> Self {
        self / ModInt(other, self.1)
    }
}
impl std::ops::Div<ModInt> for i64 {
    type Output = ModInt;
    fn div(self, other: ModInt) -> ModInt {
        other.inv() * self
    }
}
impl std::ops::DivAssign for ModInt {
    fn div_assign(&mut self, other: ModInt) {
        self.0 = (self.clone() / other).0;
    }
}
impl std::ops::DivAssign<i64> for ModInt {
    fn div_assign(&mut self, other: i64) {
        *self /= ModInt(other, self.1);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut sc = Scanner::new();
    let n: usize = sc.cin();
    let k: usize = sc.cin();
    let spans: Vec<_> = (0..k)
        .map(|_| {
            let l: usize = sc.cin();
            let r: usize = sc.cin();
            (l, r)
        })
        .collect();

    let mut dp = vec![ModInt(0, M); n + 10];
    let mut cum = vec![ModInt(0, M); n + 10];
    dp[1] = ModInt(1, M);
    cum[1] = ModInt(1, M);

    for i in 2..=n {
        for j in 0..k {
            let (l, r) = spans[j];
            if i <= l {
                continue;
            } else if i <= r {
                dp[i] += cum[i - l];
            } else {
                dp[i] += cum[i - l] - cum[i - r - 1];
            }
        }
        cum[i] = cum[i - 1] + dp[i]; // cum[i] = dp[0] + ... + dp[i];
    }

    put!(dp[n]);
}

use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::io::{self, Write};
use std::str::FromStr;

struct Scanner {
    stdin: io::Stdin,
    buffer: VecDeque<String>,
}
impl Scanner {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Scanner {
            stdin: io::stdin(),
            buffer: VecDeque::new(),
        }
    }
    fn cin<T: FromStr>(&mut self) -> T {
        while self.buffer.is_empty() {
            let mut line = String::new();
            let _ = self.stdin.read_line(&mut line);
            for w in line.split_whitespace() {
                self.buffer.push_back(String::from(w));
            }
        }
        self.buffer.pop_front().unwrap().parse::<T>().ok().unwrap()
    }
    fn chars(&mut self) -> Vec<char> {
        self.cin::<String>().chars().collect()
    }
    fn vec<T: FromStr>(&mut self, n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
        (0..n).map(|_| self.cin()).collect()
    }
}