Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::char::*;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::*;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::*;
use std::io::*;
use std::str::FromStr;

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! debug {($($a:expr),*) => {println!(concat!($(stringify!($a), " = {:?}, "),*), $($a),*);}}
#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input {(source=$s:expr,$($r:tt)*) => {let mut iter=$s.split_whitespace(); let mut next=||{iter.next().unwrap()}; input_inner! {next,$($r)*}};($($r:tt)*) => {let stdin=std::io::stdin();let mut bytes=std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock())); let mut next=move||->String{bytes.by_ref().map(|r|r.unwrap() as char).skip_while(|c|c.is_whitespace()).take_while(|c|!c.is_whitespace()).collect()}; input_inner! {next,$($r)*}};}
#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input_inner {($next:expr) => {}; ($next:expr,) => {}; ($next:expr,$var:ident:$t:tt$($r:tt)*) => {let $var=read_value!($next,$t); input_inner! {$next$($r)*}};}
#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! read_value {($next:expr,($($t:tt),*)) => {($(read_value! ($next,$t)),*)}; ($next:expr, [$t:tt; $len:expr]) => {(0..$len).map(|_|read_value! ($next,$t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()}; ($next:expr,chars) => {read_value! ($next,String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()}; ($next:expr,usize1) => {read_value! ($next,usize)-1}; ($next:expr,$t:ty) => {$next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")};}

#[derive(PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
pub struct Total<T>(pub T);
impl<T: PartialEq> Eq for Total<T> {}
impl<T: PartialOrd> Ord for Total<T> {
    fn cmp(&self, other: &Total<T>) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
        self.0.partial_cmp(&other.0).unwrap()
    }
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
const MAX: usize = 100006;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const INF_U32: u32 = 1 << 31;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const INF_I32: i32 = 1 << 30;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const INF_U64: u64 = 1 << 63;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const INF_I64: i64 = 1 << 62;
#[allow(dead_code)]
const MOD: i64 = 1e9 as i64 + 7;

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read<T: FromStr>() -> T {
    let stdin = stdin();
    let stdin = stdin.lock();
    let token: String = stdin
        .bytes()
        .map(|c| c.expect("failed to read char") as char)
        .skip_while(|c| c.is_whitespace())
        .take_while(|c| !c.is_whitespace())
        .collect();
    token.parse().ok().expect("failed to parse token")
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
fn read_vec<T: std::str::FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    let mut s = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut s).ok();
    s.trim()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|e| e.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect()
}

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::f64;


fn main() {
    input!{n:usize, a:[i64;n]};

    let mut f = 2;
    let mut cnt1 = 0i64;
    for i in 0..n-1 {
        if f==2 {
            if a[i] < a[i+1] { f=0; }
            else if a[i] > a[i+1] { f=1; }
        }
        else if a[i] < a[i+1] && f!=0 {
            cnt1 += 1;
            f = 2;
        }
        else if a[i] > a[i+1] && f!=1 {
            cnt1 += 1;
            f = 2;
        }
        //debug!(a[i],a[i+1],f,cnt1);
    }

    println!("{}", cnt1+1);

}