Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use itertools::Itertools;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use num::*;
use proconio::input;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use proconio::marker::*;
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::*;

fn solve() {
    input! {
        n: usize,
        bv: [usize; n - 1]
    };

    let mut prev = std::usize::MAX;
    let mut res = 0;
    for &b in &bv {
        res += prev.min(b);
        prev = b;
    }
    res += bv[n - 2];
    println!("{}", res);
}

fn main() {
    std::thread::Builder::new()
        .name("big stack size".into())
        .stack_size(256 * 1024 * 1024)
        .spawn(|| {
            solve();
        })
        .unwrap()
        .join()
        .unwrap();
}