Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input_byline {
    ($($r:tt)* ) => {
        let stdin = std::io::stdin();
        let mut q = std::collections::VecDeque::new();
        let mut next = || {
            if q.is_empty() {
                let mut s = String::new();
                stdin.read_line(&mut s);
                for v in s.split_whitespace() {
                    q.push_back(v.to_string());
                }
            }
            q.pop_front().unwrap()
        };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };

}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input {
    ($($r:tt)*) => {
        let stdin = std::io::stdin();
        let mut bytes = std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock()));
        let mut next = move || -> String{
            bytes
                .by_ref()
                .map(|r|r.unwrap() as char)
                .skip_while(|c|c.is_whitespace())
                .take_while(|c|!c.is_whitespace())
                .collect()
        };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! input_inner {
    ($next:expr) => {};
    ($next:expr, ) => {};

    ($next:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let $var = read_value!($next, $t);
        input_inner!{$next $($r)*}
    };

    ($next:expr, mut $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut $var = read_value!($next, $t);
        input_inner!{$next $($r)*}
    };
}

#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! read_value {
    ($next:expr, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {
        ( $(read_value!($next, $t)),* )
    };

    ($next:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {
        (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, chars) => {
        read_value!($next, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, bytes) => {
        read_value!($next, String).into_bytes()
    };

    ($next:expr, usize1) => {
        read_value!($next, usize) - 1
    };

    ($next:expr, $t:ty) => {
        $next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")
    };
}

trait Printable {
    fn p(&self);
}

impl<T: std::fmt::Display> Printable for T {
    fn p(&self) {
        println!("{}", self);
    }
}

impl<T: std::fmt::Display> Printable for [T] {
    fn p(&self) {
        for i in 0..self.len() {
            if i != 0 {
                print!(" ");
            }
            print!("{}", self[i]);
        }
        println!("");
    }
}

#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::cmp::{max, min};
#[allow(unused_imports)]
use std::collections::{BinaryHeap, HashMap};

#[allow(dead_code)]
type Graph = Vec<Vec<usize>>;

fn main() {
    input! {
        n: usize,
        b: [usize; n-1],
    }

    let mut ans = vec![0; n];
    ans[0] = b[0];
    ans[n - 1] = b[n - 2];

    for i in 0..n - 2 {
        ans[i + 1] = min(b[i], b[i + 1]);
    }

    println!("{}", ans.iter().sum::<usize>());
}