Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

You have a sequence A composed of N positive integers: A_{1}, A_{2}, \cdots, A_{N}.

You will now successively do the following Q operations:

In the i-th operation, you replace every element whose value is B_{i} with C_{i}.

For each i (1 \leq i \leq Q), find S_{i}: the sum of all elements in A just after the i-th operation.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N, Q, A_{i}, B_{i}, C_{i} \leq 10^{5}

B_{i} \neq C_{i}

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_{1} A_{2} \cdots A_{N}
Q
B_{1} C_{1}
B_{2} C_{2}
\vdots
B_{Q} C_{Q}

Output

Print Q integers S_{i} to Standard Output in the following format:

S_{1}
S_{2}
\vdots
S_{Q}

Note that S_{i} may not fit into a 32-bit integer.

Sample Input 1

4
1 2 3 4
3
1 2
3 4
2 4

Sample Output 1

11
12
16

Initially, the sequence A is 1,2,3,4.

After each operation, it becomes the following:

2, 2, 3, 4

2, 2, 4, 4

4, 4, 4, 4

Sample Input 2

4
1 1 1 1
3
1 2
2 1
3 5

Sample Output 2

8
4
4

Note that the sequence A may not contain an element whose value is B_{i}.

Sample Input 3

2
1 2
3
1 100
2 100
100 1000

Sample Output 3

102
200
2000

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

macro_rules! scan_sub {
    ( $itr:ident, $t:ty ) => {
        let mut buf = String::new();
        let $itr = {
            while buf.trim().len() == 0 {
                buf = String::new();
                std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
            }
            buf.split_whitespace().map(|n| n.parse::<$t>().unwrap())
        };
    };
}

macro_rules! scan {
    ( $x:ident; Vec<$t:ty> ) => {
        scan_sub!(itr, $t);
        let $x = itr.collect::<Vec<_>>();
    };
    ( $( $x:ident ),*; $t:ty ) => {
        scan_sub!(itr, $t);
        let mut itr = itr;
        $(
            let $x = itr.next().unwrap();
        )*
    };
}

use std::collections::HashMap;

fn main() {
    scan!(_n; usize);
    scan!(array; Vec<i128>);

    let mut book: HashMap<i128, i128> = HashMap::new();
    let mut sum: i128 = 0;
    for &a in array.iter() {
        sum += a;
        let elm = book.entry(a).or_insert(0);
        *elm += 1;
    }

    scan!(q; usize);

    for _ in 0..q {
        scan!(b, c; i128);

        let b_num = match book.get(&b) {
            Some(v) => *v,
            None => 0,
        };
        sum -= b_num * b;
        sum += b_num * c;
        let c_num = match book.get(&c) {
            Some(v) => *v,
            None => 0,
        };
        book.insert(b, 0);
        book.insert(c, b_num + c_num);

        println!("{}", sum);
    }
}