Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N.
Among its subsequences, count the ones such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7. Two subsequences are considered different if their characters come from different positions in the string, even if they are the same as strings.

Here, a subsequence of a string is a concatenation of one or more characters from the string without changing the order.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 100000

S consists of lowercase English letters.

|S|=N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the number of the subsequences such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

4
abcd

Sample Output 1

15

Since all characters in S itself are different, all its subsequences satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

3
baa

Sample Output 2

5

The answer is five: b, two occurrences of a, two occurrences of ba. Note that we do not count baa, since it contains two as.

Sample Input 3

5
abcab

Sample Output 3

17

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]

use std::cmp::{max, min, Ordering};
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque};
use std::io::stdin;
use std::ops::*;
use std::process::exit;
use std::str::FromStr;

const MOD: usize = 1000000007;

fn main() {
    let n: usize = input();
    let s: String = input();
    let mut map = HashMap::new();
    for c in s.chars() {
        let h = map.entry(c).or_insert(0);
        *h += 1usize;
    }

    let mut ans = 1;
    for v in map.values() {
        ans *= v + 1;
        ans %= MOD;
    }
    ans -= 1;
    ans %= MOD;
    println!("{}", ans);
}

pub fn input<T: FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim().parse().ok().unwrap()
}

pub fn input_vec<T: FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim()
        .split_whitespace()
        .map(|x| x.parse().ok().unwrap())
        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
}

pub fn input_lines<T: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<T> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_lines_two<T: FromStr, U: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<(T, U)> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input_two());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_lines_three<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr>(l: usize) -> Vec<(T, U, V)> {
    let mut res = Vec::new();
    for _i in 0..l {
        res.push(input_three());
    }
    res
}

pub fn input_two<T: FromStr, U: FromStr>() -> (T, U) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse::<T>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse::<U>().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}

pub fn input_three<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr>() -> (T, U, V) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse::<T>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse::<U>().ok().unwrap(),
        s[2].parse::<V>().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}

pub fn input_four<T: FromStr, U: FromStr, V: FromStr, W: FromStr>() -> (T, U, V, W) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let s: Vec<&str> = buf.split_whitespace().collect();
    (
        s[0].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[1].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[2].parse().ok().unwrap(),
        s[3].parse().ok().unwrap(),
    )
}