Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

You have a sequence A composed of N positive integers: A_{1}, A_{2}, \cdots, A_{N}.

You will now successively do the following Q operations:

In the i-th operation, you replace every element whose value is B_{i} with C_{i}.

For each i (1 \leq i \leq Q), find S_{i}: the sum of all elements in A just after the i-th operation.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N, Q, A_{i}, B_{i}, C_{i} \leq 10^{5}

B_{i} \neq C_{i}

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_{1} A_{2} \cdots A_{N}
Q
B_{1} C_{1}
B_{2} C_{2}
\vdots
B_{Q} C_{Q}

Output

Print Q integers S_{i} to Standard Output in the following format:

S_{1}
S_{2}
\vdots
S_{Q}

Note that S_{i} may not fit into a 32-bit integer.

Sample Input 1

4
1 2 3 4
3
1 2
3 4
2 4

Sample Output 1

11
12
16

Initially, the sequence A is 1,2,3,4.

After each operation, it becomes the following:

2, 2, 3, 4

2, 2, 4, 4

4, 4, 4, 4

Sample Input 2

4
1 1 1 1
3
1 2
2 1
3 5

Sample Output 2

8
4
4

Note that the sequence A may not contain an element whose value is B_{i}.

Sample Input 3

2
1 2
3
1 100
2 100
100 1000

Sample Output 3

102
200
2000

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]
#![allow(dead_code)]
use datastructure::*;
use grapth::*;
use input_scanner::*;
use math::*;
use string_algorithm::*;
use util::*;

use std::cmp;
use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, BinaryHeap, HashMap, HashSet, LinkedList, VecDeque};

fn main() {
    let mut scan = Scanner::new();
    let n: usize = scan.next();
    let a: Vec<i64> = scan.next_vec(n);
    let mut h: HashMap<i64, i64> = HashMap::new();

    let mut sum = 0;
    for x in a {
        let e = h.entry(x).or_insert(0);
        *e += 1;
        sum += x;
    }
    let q: usize = scan.next();
    for _ in 0..q {
        let b: i64 = scan.next();
        let c: i64 = scan.next();
        let mut cnt = 0;
        if let Some(v) = h.get_mut(&b) {
            cnt = *v;
            *v = 0;
        }
        sum -= b * cnt;
        *h.entry(c).or_insert(0) += cnt;
        sum += c * cnt;

        println!("{}", sum);
    }
}

mod datastructure {}
mod grapth {}
mod math {}
mod string_algorithm {}
mod util {}
mod input_scanner {
    pub struct Scanner {
        bytes: Vec<u8>,
        begin: usize,
        end: usize,
    }

    impl Scanner {
        pub fn new() -> Self {
            use std::io::Read;
            let mut buffer: Vec<u8> = Vec::new();
            std::io::stdin().read_to_end(&mut buffer).unwrap();
            let end = (0..buffer.len())
                .find(|i| buffer[*i].is_ascii_whitespace())
                .unwrap_or(buffer.len());
            Scanner {
                bytes: buffer,
                begin: 0,
                end: end,
            }
        }
        pub fn next<T: std::str::FromStr>(&mut self) -> T {
            let s: &str =
                unsafe { std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(&self.bytes[self.begin..self.end]) };
            let ret: T = s.parse::<T>().ok().expect("Parse error.");
            self.skip();
            ret
        }
        pub fn next_vec<T: std::str::FromStr>(&mut self, n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
            (0..n).map(|_| self.next()).collect()
        }
        pub fn next_word(&mut self) -> Vec<u8> {
            let r = Vec::from(&self.bytes[self.begin..self.end]);
            self.skip();
            r
        }
        fn skip(&mut self) {
            self.begin = (self.end..self.bytes.len())
                .find(|i| !self.bytes[*i].is_ascii_whitespace())
                .unwrap_or(self.bytes.len());
            self.end = (self.begin..self.bytes.len())
                .find(|i| self.bytes[*i].is_ascii_whitespace())
                .unwrap_or(self.bytes.len());
        }
    }
}