Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

use std::io;
use std::collections::VecDeque;

fn main() {
    let mut input = Input::new();
    let n: usize = input.next();
    let mut a: i64 = input.next();
    let mut x: i64 = 1;
    let mut h: i64 = 0;
    for _ in 0..n - 1 {
        let t: i64 = input.next();
        if a < t {
            if h == -1 {
                h = 0;
                x += 1;
            } else {
                h = 1;
            }
        }
        if a > t {
            if h == 1 {
                h = 0;
                x += 1;
            } else {
                h = -1;
            }
        }
        a = t;
    }
    println!("{}", x);
}

struct Input {
    queue: VecDeque<String>,
}

impl Input {
    fn new() -> Input {
        Input { queue: VecDeque::new() }
    }

    fn next<T>(&mut self) -> T
        where T: std::str::FromStr,
              T::Err: std::fmt::Debug
    {
        if self.queue.is_empty() {
            let mut line = String::new();
            let _ = io::stdin().read_line(&mut line);
            for x in line.split_whitespace() {
                self.queue.push_back(String::from(x));
            }
        }
        return self.queue.pop_front().unwrap().parse::<T>().unwrap();
    }
}