Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given a sequence of positive integers of length N, a = (a_1, a_2, ..., a_N).
Your objective is to remove some of the elements in a so that a will be a good sequence.

Here, an sequence b is a good sequence when the following condition holds true:

For each element x in b, the value x occurs exactly x times in b.

For example, (3, 3, 3), (4, 2, 4, 1, 4, 2, 4) and () (an empty sequence) are good sequences, while (3, 3, 3, 3) and (2, 4, 1, 4, 2) are not.

Find the minimum number of elements that needs to be removed so that a will be a good sequence.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

a_i is an integer.

1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the minimum number of elements that needs to be removed so that a will be a good sequence.

Sample Input 1

4
3 3 3 3

Sample Output 1

1

We can, for example, remove one occurrence of 3. Then, (3, 3, 3) is a good sequence.

Sample Input 2

5
2 4 1 4 2

Sample Output 2

2

We can, for example, remove two occurrences of 4. Then, (2, 1, 2) is a good sequence.

Sample Input 3

6
1 2 2 3 3 3

Sample Output 3

0

Sample Input 4

1
1000000000

Sample Output 4

1

Remove one occurrence of 10^9. Then, () is a good sequence.

Sample Input 5

8
2 7 1 8 2 8 1 8

Sample Output 5

5

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]
#![allow(non_snake_case)]
#![allow(dead_code)]
use std::cell::RefCell;
use std::cmp::{max, min, Ordering};
use std::collections::*;
use std::fmt::{Debug, Formatter, Write as FmtWrite};
use std::io::{stderr, stdin, BufRead, Write};
use std::mem::{replace, swap};
use std::ops::*;
use std::rc::Rc;
use std::usize;

const MOD_10_9_7: u64 = 1_000_000_007;

/// FYI: https://github.com/vain0x/scan-bench
#[allow(unused_macros)]
macro_rules! read {
    ([$t:ty] ; $n:expr) =>
        ((0..$n).map(|_| read!([$t])).collect::<Vec<_>>());
    ($($t:ty),+ ; $n:expr) =>
        ((0..$n).map(|_| read!($($t),+)).collect::<Vec<_>>());
    ([$t:ty]) =>
        (rl().split_whitespace().map(|w| w.parse().unwrap()).collect::<Vec<$t>>());
    ($t:ty) =>
        (rl().parse::<$t>().unwrap());
    ($($t:ty),*) => {{
        let buf = rl();
        let mut w = buf.split_whitespace();
        ($(w.next().unwrap().parse::<$t>().unwrap()),*)
    }};
}

fn rl() -> String {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).unwrap();
    buf.trim_right().to_owned()
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// 飛ばし飛ばしで値を使うイテレータ Rust v1.28以降でしか使えないため独自実装
/// 簡易実装のためインデックスのオーバーフロー等は考慮していない
pub struct StepBy<I> {
    iter: I,
    step: usize,
    first_take: bool,
}
impl<I> StepBy<I> {
    pub fn new(iter: I, step: usize) -> StepBy<I> {
        StepBy {
            iter: iter,
            step: step - 1,
            first_take: true,
        }
    }
}
impl<I> Iterator for StepBy<I>
where
    I: Iterator,
{
    type Item = I::Item;

    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        if self.first_take {
            self.first_take = false;
            self.iter.next()
        } else {
            self.iter.nth(self.step)
        }
    }

    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        let inner_hint = self.iter.size_hint();
        if self.first_take {
            let f = |n| {
                if n == 0 {
                    0
                } else {
                    1 + (n - 1) / (self.step + 1)
                }
            };
            (f(inner_hint.0), inner_hint.1.map(f))
        } else {
            let f = |n| n / (self.step + 1);
            (f(inner_hint.0), inner_hint.1.map(f))
        }
    }
}
impl<I> ExactSizeIterator for StepBy<I> where I: ExactSizeIterator {}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

trait IteratorExt: Iterator + Sized {
    // ref: https://qiita.com/vain0x/items/512784ff60ce599dccae#vec
    fn vec(self) -> Vec<Self::Item> {
        self.collect()
    }

    // step_by は v1.28.0 以降でしか使えないため独自実装
    fn stepby(self, step: usize) -> StepBy<Self>
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        StepBy::new(self, step)
    }
}

impl<T: Iterator> IteratorExt for T {}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// 逆順ソート ReverseがRust v1.19以降でしか使えないため独自実装
#[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Rev<T>(pub T);

impl<T: PartialOrd> PartialOrd for Rev<T> {
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Rev<T>) -> Option<Ordering> {
        other.0.partial_cmp(&self.0)
    }
}

impl<T: Ord> Ord for Rev<T> {
    fn cmp(&self, other: &Rev<T>) -> Ordering {
        other.0.cmp(&self.0)
    }
}
// 逆順ソートここまで
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// べき乗のmodを効率的に求める関数
/// ref: https://algorithmbeginner.blogspot.com/2018/02/blog-post_23.html
fn pow(x: u64, n: u64, modulo: u64) -> u64 {
    let mut res = 1;
    if n > 0 {
        res = pow(x, n / 2, modulo);
        if n % 2 == 0 {
            res = (res * res) % modulo;
        } else {
            res = (((res * res) % modulo) * x) % modulo;
        }
    }
    res
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

fn main() {
    let n = read!(usize);
    let a: Vec<usize> = read![[usize]];

    // 数字 > その数字の出現回数 の場合、その数字は全部削除するしかない
    // 数字 < その数字の出現回数 の場合、(回数 - 数字) 個だけ削除すればOK
    // イコールの場合は当然そのままでOK

    let mut h = HashMap::new();
    for i in 0..n {
        *h.entry(a[i]).or_insert(0usize) += 1;
    }

    let mut count = 0usize;
    for (&k, &v) in &h {
        count += if k > v { v } else { v - k };
    }

    println!("{}", &count);
}