Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

//use itertools::Itertools;
use std::cmp;
use std::collections::BinaryHeap;
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::collections::HashSet;
use std::collections::VecDeque;
use std::io::Read;
use std::usize::MAX;

macro_rules! input {(source = $s:expr, $($r:tt)*) => {let mut iter = $s.split_whitespace();let mut next = || { iter.next().unwrap() };input_inner!{next, $($r)*}};($($r:tt)*) => {let stdin = std::io::stdin();let mut bytes = std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock()));let mut next = move || -> String{bytes.by_ref().map(|r|r.unwrap() as char).skip_while(|c|c.is_whitespace()).take_while(|c|!c.is_whitespace()).collect()};input_inner!{next, $($r)*}};}
macro_rules! input_inner {($next:expr) => {};($next:expr, ) => {};($next:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {let $var = read_value!($next, $t);input_inner!{$next $($r)*}};}
macro_rules! read_value {($next:expr, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {( $(read_value!($next, $t)),* )};($next:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {(0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()};($next:expr, chars) => {read_value!($next, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()};($next:expr, usize1) => {read_value!($next, usize) - 1};($next:expr, [ $t:tt ]) => {{let len = read_value!($next, usize);(0..len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()}};($next:expr, $t:ty) => {$next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")};}

fn solve() {
    input! {
        a: i64,
        b: i64,
        c: i64,
        k: i64
    }

    if a > k {
        println!("{}", k);
    } else if a + b >= k {
        println!("{}", a);
    } else {
        let c_num = cmp::min(k - (a + b), c);
        println!("{}", a - c_num);
    }
}

fn main() {
    let thd = std::thread::Builder::new().stack_size(104_857_600);
    thd.spawn(|| solve()).unwrap().join().unwrap();

    /*
    // 入力を一括で読み込む場合
    let mut buf = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_to_string(&mut buf).unwrap();
    let mut input = buf.split_whitespace();

    // inputに対しnext()で読み込んでいく
    let q: usize = input.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
    */
}

const LARGE_PRIME: u64 = 1_000_000_007;

// @〜でsnippet