Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

We have an integer sequence A of length N, where A_1 = X, A_{i+1} = A_i + D (1 \leq i < N ) holds.

Takahashi will take some (possibly all or none) of the elements in this sequence, and Aoki will take all of the others.

Let S and T be the sum of the numbers taken by Takahashi and Aoki, respectively. How many possible values of S - T are there?

Constraints

-10^8 \leq X, D \leq 10^8

1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N X D

Output

Print the number of possible values of S - T.

Sample Input 1

3 4 2

Sample Output 1

8

A is (4, 6, 8).

There are eight ways for (Takahashi, Aoki) to take the elements: ((), (4, 6, 8)), ((4), (6, 8)), ((6), (4, 8)), ((8), (4, 6))), ((4, 6), (8))), ((4, 8), (6))), ((6, 8), (4))), and ((4, 6, 8), ()).

The values of S - T in these ways are -18, -10, -6, -2, 2, 6, 10, and 18, respectively, so there are eight possible values of S - T.

Sample Input 2

2 3 -3

Sample Output 2

2

A is (3, 0). There are two possible values of S - T: -3 and 3.

Sample Input 3

100 14 20

Sample Output 3

49805

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

// SNIPPET read
pub trait Readable {
    type Output;
    fn words_count() -> usize;
    fn read_words(words: &[&str]) -> Result<Self::Output, String>;
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readable {
    ( $t:ty, $words_count:expr, |$words:ident| $read_words:expr ) => {
        impl Readable for $t {
            type Output = $t;
            fn words_count() -> usize { $words_count }
            fn read_words($words: &[&str]) -> Result<$t, String> {
                Ok($read_words)
            }
        }
    };
}
readable!((), 1, |_ss| ());
readable!(String, 1, |ss| ss[0].to_string());
impl Readable for char {
    type Output = char;
    fn words_count() -> usize { 1 }
    fn read_words(words: &[&str]) -> Result<char, String> {
        let chars: Vec<char> = words[0].chars().collect();
        if chars.len() == 1 {
            Ok(chars[0])
        } else {
            Err(format!("cannot parse `{}` as a char", words[0]))
        }
    }
}
pub struct Chars();
impl Readable for Chars {
    type Output = Vec<char>;
    fn words_count() -> usize { 1 }
    fn read_words(words: &[&str]) -> Result<Vec<char>, String> {
        Ok(words[0].chars().collect())
    }
}
macro_rules! impl_readable_for_ints {
    ( $( $t:ty )* ) => { $(
        impl Readable for $t {
            type Output = Self;
            fn words_count() -> usize { 1 }
            fn read_words(words: &[&str]) -> Result<$t, String> {
                use std::str::FromStr;
                <$t>::from_str(words[0]).map_err(|_| {
                    format!("cannot parse `{}` as {}", words[0], stringify!($t))
                })
            }
        }
    )* };
}
impl_readable_for_ints!(i8 u8 i16 u16 i32 u32 i64 u64 isize usize f32 f64);
macro_rules! define_one_origin_int_types {
    ( $new_t:ident $int_t:ty ) => {
        #[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
        pub struct $new_t;
        impl Readable for $new_t {
            type Output = $int_t;
            fn words_count() -> usize { 1 }
            fn read_words(words: &[&str]) -> Result<Self::Output, String> {
                <$int_t>::read_words(words).map(|n| n-1)
            }
        }
    };
    ( $new_t:ident $int_t:ty; $( $inner_new_t:ident $inner_int_t:ty );* ) => {
        define_one_origin_int_types!($new_t $int_t);
        define_one_origin_int_types!($($inner_new_t $inner_int_t);*);
    };
}
define_one_origin_int_types!(u8_ u8; u16_ u16; u32_ u32; u64_ u64; usize_ usize);
macro_rules! impl_readable_for_tuples {
    ( $t:ident $var:ident ) => ();
    ( $t:ident $var:ident; $( $inner_t:ident $inner_var:ident );* ) => {
        impl_readable_for_tuples!($($inner_t $inner_var);*);
        impl<$t: Readable, $($inner_t: Readable),*> Readable
            for ($t, $($inner_t),*)
        {
            type Output = ( <$t>::Output, $(<$inner_t>::Output),* );
            fn words_count() -> usize {
                let mut n = <$t>::words_count();
                $(
                    n += <$inner_t>::words_count();
                )*
                n
            }
            #[allow(unused_assignments)]
            fn read_words(words: &[&str]) ->
                Result<Self::Output, String>
            {
                let mut start = 0;
                let $var = <$t>::read_words(
                    &words[start .. start+<$t>::words_count()]
                )?;
                start += <$t>::words_count();
                $(
                    let $inner_var =
                        <$inner_t>::read_words(
                            &words[start .. start+<$inner_t>::words_count()]
                        )?;
                    start += <$inner_t>::words_count();
                )*
                Ok(( $var, $($inner_var),* ))
            }
        }
    };
}
impl_readable_for_tuples!(T8 x8; T7 x7; T6 x6; T5 x5; T4 x4; T3 x3; T2 x2; T1 x1);
pub trait ReadableFromLine {
    type Output;
    fn read_line(line: &str) -> Result<Self::Output, String>;
}
fn split_into_words(line: &str) -> Vec<&str> {
    #[allow(deprecated)]
    line.trim_right_matches('\n').split_whitespace().collect()
}
impl<T: Readable> ReadableFromLine for T {
    type Output = T::Output;
    fn read_line(line: &str) -> Result<T::Output, String> {
        let words = split_into_words(line);
        if words.len() != T::words_count() {
            return Err(format!("line `{}` has {} words, expected {}",
                               line, words.len(), T::words_count()));
        }
        T::read_words(&words)
    }
}
macro_rules! impl_readable_from_line_for_tuples_with_from_iterator {
    ( $u:ident : $( + $bound:path )* => $seq_in:ty, $seq_out:ty; $t:ident $var:ident ) => {
        impl<$u: Readable> ReadableFromLine for $seq_in
        where
            <$u as Readable>::Output: Sized $(+ $bound)*
        {
            type Output = $seq_out;
            fn read_line(line: &str) -> Result<$seq_out, String> {
                let n = $u::words_count();
                let words = split_into_words(line);
                if words.len() % n != 0 {
                    return Err(format!("line `{}` has {} words, expected multiple of {}",
                                       line, words.len(), n));
                }
                let mut result = Vec::new();
                for chunk in words.chunks(n) {
                    match $u::read_words(chunk) {
                        Ok(v) => result.push(v),
                        Err(msg) => {
                            let flagment_msg = if n == 1 {
                                format!("word {}", result.len())
                            } else {
                                let l = result.len();
                                format!("words {}-{}", n*l + 1, (n+1) * l)
                            };
                            return Err(format!(
                                "{} of line `{}`: {}", flagment_msg, line, msg
                            ));
                        }
                    }
                }
                Ok(result.into_iter().collect())
            }
        }
        impl<T: Readable, $u: Readable> ReadableFromLine for (T, $seq_in)
        where
            <$u as Readable>::Output: Sized $(+ $bound)*
        {
            type Output = (T::Output, $seq_out);
            fn read_line(line: &str) -> Result<Self::Output, String> {
                let n = T::words_count();
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                let trimmed = line.trim_right_matches('\n');
                let words_and_rest: Vec<&str> = trimmed.splitn(n + 1, ' ').collect();
                if words_and_rest.len() < n {
                    return Err(format!("line `{}` has {} words, expected at least {}",
                                       line, words_and_rest.len(), n));
                }
                let words = &words_and_rest[..n];
                let empty_str = "";
                let rest = words_and_rest.get(n).unwrap_or(&empty_str);
                Ok((T::read_words(words)?, <$seq_in>::read_line(rest)?))
            }
        }
    };
    ( $u:ident : $( + $bound:path )* => $seq_in:ty, $seq_out:ty;
      $t:ident $var:ident, $( $inner_t:ident $inner_var:ident ),+ ) => {
        impl_readable_from_line_for_tuples_with_from_iterator!(
            $u: $(+ $bound)* => $seq_in, $seq_out; $($inner_t $inner_var),+
        );
        impl<$t: Readable, $($inner_t: Readable),+ , $u: Readable> ReadableFromLine
            for ($t, $($inner_t),+ , $seq_in)
        where
            <$u as Readable>::Output: Sized $(+ $bound)*
        {
            type Output = ($t::Output, $($inner_t::Output),+ , $seq_out);
            fn read_line(line: &str) -> Result<Self::Output, String> {
                let mut n = $t::words_count();
                $(
                    n += $inner_t::words_count();
                )+
                #[allow(deprecated)]
                let trimmed = line.trim_right_matches('\n');
                let words_and_rest: Vec<&str> = trimmed.splitn(n + 1, ' ')
                    .collect();
                if words_and_rest.len() < n {
                    return Err(
                        format!("line `{}` has {} words, expected at least {}",
                                line, words_and_rest.len(), n)
                    );
                }
                let words = &words_and_rest[..n];
                let empty_str = "";
                let rest = words_and_rest.get(n).unwrap_or(&empty_str);
                let ($var, $($inner_var),*) =
                    <($t, $($inner_t),+)>::read_words(words)?;
                Ok(($var, $($inner_var),* , <$seq_in>::read_line(rest)?))
            }
        }
    };
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readable_collection {
    ($u:ident => $collection_in:ty, $collection_out:ty) => {
        impl_readable_from_line_for_tuples_with_from_iterator!(
            $u: => $collection_in, $collection_out;
            T8 x8, T7 x7, T6 x6, T5 x5, T4 x4, T3 x3, T2 x2, T1 x1
        );
    };
    ($u:ident : $( $bound:path ),* => $collection_in:ty, $collection_out:ty) => {
        impl_readable_from_line_for_tuples_with_from_iterator!(
            $u: $(+ $bound)* => $collection_in, $collection_out;
            T8 x8, T7 x7, T6 x6, T5 x5, T4 x4, T3 x3, T2 x2, T1 x1
        );
    }
}
readable_collection!(U => Vec<U>, Vec<U::Output>);
readable_collection!(
    U => std::collections::VecDeque<U>, std::collections::VecDeque<U::Output>
);
readable_collection!(
    U: Eq, std::hash::Hash => std::collections::HashSet<U>, std::collections::HashSet<U::Output>
);
readable_collection!(
    U: Ord => std::collections::BTreeSet<U>, std::collections::BTreeSet<U::Output>
);
readable_collection!(
    U: Ord => std::collections::BinaryHeap<U>, std::collections::BinaryHeap<U::Output>
);
pub fn read<T: ReadableFromLine>() -> T::Output {
    let mut line = String::new();
    std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
    T::read_line(&line).unwrap()
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! read {
    () => {
        let mut line = String::new();
        std::io::stdin().read_line(&mut line).unwrap();
    };
    ( $pat:pat = $t:ty ) => {
        let $pat = read::<$t>();
    };
    ( $( $pat:pat = $t:ty ),+ ) => {
        read!(($($pat),*) = ($($t),*));
    };
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readls {
    ( $( $pat:pat = $t:ty ),+ ) => {
        $(
            read!($pat = $t);
        )*
    };
}
pub fn readx<T: ReadableFromLine>() -> Vec<T::Output> {
    use std::io::{self, BufRead};
    let stdin = io::stdin();
    let result = stdin.lock().lines().map(|line_result| {
        let line = line_result.expect("read from stdin failed");
        T::read_line(&line).unwrap()
    }).collect();
    result
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readx_loop {
    ( |$pat:pat = $t:ty| $body:expr ) => {
        {
            use std::io::BufRead;
            let stdin = std::io::stdin();
            for line in stdin.lock().lines() {
                let line = line.expect("read from stdin failed");
                let $pat = <$t>::read_line(&line).unwrap();
                $body
            }
        }
    };
    ( |$($pat:pat = $t:ty),*| $body:expr ) => {
        readx_loop!(|($($pat),*) = ($($t),*)| $body);
    };
}
pub fn readn<T: ReadableFromLine>(n: usize) -> Vec<T::Output> {
    use std::io::{self, BufRead};
    let stdin = io::stdin();
    let result: Vec<T::Output> = stdin.lock().lines().take(n).map(|line_result| {
        let line = line_result.expect("read from stdin failed");
        T::read_line(&line).unwrap()
    }).collect();
    if result.len() < n {
        panic!("expected reading {} lines, but only {} lines are read",
               n, result.len());
    }
    result
}
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! readn_loop {
    ( $n:expr, |$pat:pat = $t:ty| $body:expr ) => {
        {
            use std::io::BufRead;
            let stdin = std::io::stdin();
            let mut lock = stdin.lock();
            for _ in 0..$n {
                let mut line = String::new();
                lock.read_line(&mut line).expect("read from stdin failed");
                let $pat = <$t>::read_line(&line).unwrap();
                $body
            }
        }
    };
    ( $n:expr, |$($pat:pat = $t:ty),*| $body:expr ) => {
        readn_loop!($n, |($($pat),*) = ($($t),*)| $body);
    };
}
pub trait Words {
    fn read<T: Readable>(&self) -> T::Output;
}
impl<'a> Words for [&'a str] {
    fn read<T: Readable>(&self) -> T::Output {
        T::read_words(self).unwrap()
    }
}
impl<'a> Words for &'a str {
    fn read<T: Readable>(&self) -> T::Output {
        T::read_words(&[self]).unwrap()
    }
}

// SNIPPET num
pub trait PrimitiveInteger:
    Sized + Ord +
    std::ops::Add<Output=Self> +
    std::ops::Sub<Output=Self> +
    std::ops::Div<Output=Self>
{
    fn one() -> Self;
    fn abs_diff(self, rhs: Self) -> Self;
    fn rem_euclid(self, rhs: Self) -> Self;
}
macro_rules! impl_primitive_integer {
    ( $($t: ty)* ) => { $(
        impl PrimitiveInteger for $t {
            fn one() -> $t {
                1
            }
            fn abs_diff(self, rhs: $t) -> $t {
                if self < rhs { rhs - self } else { self - rhs }
            }
            #[allow(unused_comparisons)]
            fn rem_euclid(self, rhs: $t) -> $t {
                let r = self % rhs;
                if r < 0 {
                    if rhs < 0 { r - rhs } else { r + rhs }
                } else {
                    r
                }
            }
        }
    )* }
}
impl_primitive_integer!(u8 u16 u32 u64 usize i8 i16 i32 i64 isize);
pub trait PrimitiveUnsigned: PrimitiveInteger {
    fn ceil_div(self, rhs: Self) -> Self;
    fn round_div(self, rhs: Self) -> Self;
    fn log2(self) -> Option<Self>;
    fn ceil_log2(self) -> Option<Self>;
    fn sqrt(self) -> Self;
}
macro_rules! impl_primitive_unsigned {
    ( $($t: ty)* ) => { $(
        impl PrimitiveUnsigned for $t {
            fn ceil_div(self, rhs: $t) -> $t {
                (self + rhs - 1) / rhs
            }
            fn round_div(self, rhs: $t) -> $t {
                (self + rhs/2) / rhs
            }
            fn log2(mut self) -> Option<$t> {
                if self == 0 {
                    None
                } else {
                    let mut ans = 0;
                    while self > 1 {
                        ans += 1;
                        self /= 2;
                    }
                    Some(ans)
                }
            }
            fn ceil_log2(self) -> Option<$t> {
                self.log2().map(|x| {
                    (self + ((1<<x) - 1)).log2().unwrap()
                })
            }
            fn sqrt(self) -> $t {
                (self as f64).sqrt() as $t
            }
        }
    )* }
}
impl_primitive_unsigned!(u8 u16 u32 u64 usize);
pub fn gcd(a: u64, b: u64) -> u64 {
    if b == 0 { a } else { gcd(b, a%b) }
}
pub fn bezout(a: i64, b: i64) -> (i64, i64, u64) {
    let (x, y, g) = bezout_sub((a * a.signum()) as u64, (b * b.signum()) as u64);
    (x * a.signum(), y * b.signum(), g)
}
fn bezout_sub(a: u64, b: u64) -> (i64, i64, u64) {
    if b == 0 { (1, 0, a) } else {
        let m = (a / b) as i64;
        let (x, y, g) = bezout_sub(b, a%b);
        (y, x - m*y, g)
    }
}
macro_rules! forward_ref_unop {
    (impl $op:ident, $method:ident for $t:ty) => {
        impl std::ops::$op for &$t {
            type Output = <$t as std::ops::$op>::Output;
            fn $method(self) -> <$t as std::ops::$op>::Output {
                std::ops::$op::$method(*self)
            }
        }
    }
}
macro_rules! forward_ref_binop {
    (impl $op:ident, $method:ident for $t:ty, $u:ty) => {
        impl<'a> std::ops::$op<$u> for &'a $t {
            type Output = <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output;
            fn $method(self, other: $u) -> <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output {
                std::ops::$op::$method(*self, other)
            }
        }
        impl std::ops::$op<&$u> for $t {
            type Output = <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output;
            fn $method(self, other: &$u) -> <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output {
                std::ops::$op::$method(self, *other)
            }
        }
        impl std::ops::$op<&$u> for &$t {
            type Output = <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output;
            fn $method(self, other: &$u) -> <$t as std::ops::$op<$u>>::Output {
                std::ops::$op::$method(*self, *other)
            }
        }
    }
}
macro_rules! forward_ref_op_assign {
    (impl $op:ident, $method:ident for $t:ty, $u:ty) => {
        impl std::ops::$op<&$u> for $t {
            fn $method(&mut self, other: &$u) {
                std::ops::$op::$method(self, *other);
            }
        }
    }
}

// SNIPPET dbg
#[macro_export]
#[cfg(local)]
macro_rules! dbg {
    () => {
        {
            use std::io::{self, Write};
            writeln!(io::stderr(), "{}: dbg", line!()).unwrap();
        }
    };
    ($e: expr) => {
        {
            use std::io::{self, Write};
            let result = $e;
            writeln!(io::stderr(), "{}: {} = {:?}",
                     line!(), stringify!($e), result)
                .unwrap();
            result
        }
    }
}
#[macro_export]
#[cfg(not(local))]
macro_rules! dbg {
    () => {};
    ($e: expr) => {
        { $e }
    }
}

// END SNIPPETS

use std::cmp;

fn segment_union_len(segs: &[(i64, i64)]) -> i64 {
    let mut points: Vec<(i64, isize)> = Vec::new();
    points.extend(segs.iter().map(|&(l, _)| (l, 1)));
    points.extend(segs.iter().map(|&(_, r)| (r, -1)));
    points.sort_by_key(|&(point, _)| point);

    points.into_iter().fold((0, 0, 0), |(left, count, sum), (point, d)| {
        if count == 0 {
            assert!(d == 1);
            (point, 1, sum)
        } else if count + d == 0 {
            assert!(d == -1);
            (0, 0, sum + (point - left))
        } else {
            (left, count + d, sum)
        }
    }).2
}

fn main() {
    read!(n = i64, x = i64, d = i64);
    if d == 0 {
        if x == 0 {
            println!("1");
        } else {
            println!("{}", n+1);
        }
        return;
    }
    let (d, x) = if d >= 0 { (d, x) } else { (-d, -x) };

    let g = gcd(x.abs() as u64, d as u64) as i64;
    let d = d/g;
    let x = x/g;
    dbg!((n, d, x));
    let mut ans = 0;
    for i in 0..cmp::min(d, n+1) {
        let len = if i < (n+1)%d { (n+1)/d + 1 } else { (n+1)/d };
        let segs: Vec<(i64, i64)> = (0..len).map(|j| {
            let count = d*j + i;
            dbg!(count);
            let min = count*(count-1)/2 + j*x;
            let max = (n-1)*count - count*(count-1)/2 + j*x;
            dbg!((min, max+1))
        }).collect();
        // ans += sets.into_iter().merged_intervals().map(|itv| itv.len()).sum::<u64>();
        ans += dbg!(segment_union_len(&segs));
    }
    println!("{}", ans);
}