Problem:
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

We have a rooted binary tree with N vertices, where the vertices are numbered 1 to N.
Vertex 1 is the root, and the parent of Vertex i (i \geq 2) is Vertex \left[ \frac{i}{2} \right].

Each vertex has one item in it. The item in Vertex i has a value of V_i and a weight of W_i.
Now, process the following query Q times:

Given are a vertex v of the tree and a positive integer L.
Let us choose some (possibly none) of the items in v and the ancestors of v so that their total weight is at most L.
Find the maximum possible total value of the chosen items.

Here, Vertex u is said to be an ancestor of Vertex v when u is an indirect parent of v, that is, there exists a sequence of vertices w_1,w_2,\ldots,w_k (k\geq 2) where w_1=v, w_k=u, and w_{i+1} is the parent of w_i for each i.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N < 2^{18}

1 \leq Q \leq 10^5

1 \leq V_i \leq 10^5

1 \leq W_i \leq 10^5

For the values v and L given in each query, 1 \leq v \leq N and 1 \leq L \leq 10^5.

Input

Let v_i and L_i be the values v and L given in the i-th query.
Then, Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
V_1 W_1
:
V_N W_N
Q
v_1 L_1
:
v_Q L_Q

Output

For each integer i from 1 through Q,
the i-th line should contain the response to the i-th query.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2
2 3
3 4
3
1 1
2 5
3 5

Sample Output 1

0
3
3

In the first query, we are given only one choice: the item with (V, W)=(1,2). Since L = 1, we cannot actually choose it, so our response should be 0.

In the second query, we are given two choices: the items with (V, W)=(1,2) and (V, W)=(2,3). Since L = 5, we can choose both of them, so our response should be 3.

Sample Input 2

15
123 119
129 120
132 112
126 109
118 103
115 109
102 100
130 120
105 105
132 115
104 102
107 107
127 116
121 104
121 115
8
8 234
9 244
10 226
11 227
12 240
13 237
14 206
15 227

Sample Output 2

256
255
250
247
255
259
223
253

Solution in Rust (1.42.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#![allow(unused_imports)]

macro_rules! input {
    (source = $s:expr, $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut iter = $s.split_whitespace();
        let mut next = || { iter.next().unwrap() };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };
    ($($r:tt)*) => {
        let stdin = std::io::stdin();
        let mut bytes = std::io::Read::bytes(std::io::BufReader::new(stdin.lock()));
        let mut next = move || -> String {
            bytes
                .by_ref()
                .map(|r| r.unwrap() as char)
                .skip_while(|c| c.is_whitespace())
                .take_while(|c| !c.is_whitespace())
                .collect()
        };
        input_inner!{next, $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! input_inner {
    ($next:expr) => {};
    ($next:expr, ) => {};

    ($next:expr, $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let $var = read_value!($next, $t);
        input_inner!{$next $($r)*}
    };

    ($next:expr, mut $var:ident : $t:tt $($r:tt)*) => {
        let mut $var = read_value!($next, $t);
        input_inner!{$next $($r)*}
    };
}

macro_rules! read_value {
    ($next:expr, ( $($t:tt),* )) => {
        ( $(read_value!($next, $t)),* )
    };

    ($next:expr, [ $t:tt ; $len:expr ]) => {
        (0..$len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, [ $t:tt ]) => {
        {
            let len = read_value!($next, usize);
            (0..len).map(|_| read_value!($next, $t)).collect::<Vec<_>>()
        }
    };

    ($next:expr, chars) => {
        read_value!($next, String).chars().collect::<Vec<char>>()
    };

    ($next:expr, usize1) => {
        read_value!($next, usize) - 1
    };

    ($next:expr, $t:ty) => {
        $next().parse::<$t>().expect("Parse error")
    };
}

use std::cmp::{min, max};
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, VecDeque, BinaryHeap};

fn main() {
    input!{
        n: usize,
        v: [(usize, usize); n],
        q: usize,
        qs: [(usize1, usize); q]
    }
    let lmax = 100001;
    let mut b = 1;
    for _ in 0..9 {
        if b << 1 > n {
            b = n + 1;
            break;
        }
        b <<= 1;
    }
    let mut dp = vec![vec![0; lmax]; b - 1];
    for i in v[0].1..lmax {
        dp[0][i] = v[0].0;
    }
    for i in 1..b - 1 {
        let p = (i - 1) >> 1;
        let v0 = v[i].0;
        let v1 = v[i].1;
        for j in 0..v1 {
            dp[i][j] = dp[p][j];
        }
        for j in v1..lmax {
            dp[i][j] = max(max(dp[p][j], dp[i][j - 1]), dp[p][j - v1] + v0);
        }
    }
    for &(u, l) in &qs {
        if u < b - 1 {
            println!("{}", dp[u][l]);
            continue;
        }
        let mut m = u;
        let mut vs = vec![];
        while m >= b - 1 {
            vs.push(m);
            m = (m - 1) >> 1;
        }
        let mut ans = 0;
        let mut list = vec![];
        search(&mut vs, &v, &mut list);
        for &(val, w) in &list {
            if w <= l {
                ans = max(ans, val + dp[m][l - w]);
            }
        }
        println!("{}", ans);
    }
}

fn search(ps: &mut Vec<usize>, v: &Vec<(usize, usize)>, ret: &mut Vec<(usize, usize)>) {
    if let Some(x) = ps.pop() {
        search(ps, v, ret);
        for i in 0..ret.len() {
            ret.push((ret[i].0 + v[x].0, ret[i].1 + v[x].1));
        }
    } else {
        ret.push((0, 0));
    }
}