Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

One day, Snuke was given a permutation of length N, a_1, a_2, ..., a_N, from his friend.

Find the following:

Constraints

1 ≦ N ≦ 200,000

(a_1, a_2, ..., a_N) is a permutation of (1, 2, ..., N).

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the answer.

Note that the answer may not fit into a 32-bit integer.

Sample Input 1

3
2 1 3

Sample Output 1

9

Sample Input 2

4
1 3 2 4

Sample Output 2

19

Sample Input 3

8
5 4 8 1 2 6 7 3

Sample Output 3

85

Solution in Rust (1.15.1) (judge verdict: Time Limit Exceeded)

fn main() {
  let n: usize = get::val();
  let xs: Vec<usize> = get::list();
  
  let mut ans = 0;
  for i in 0 .. n {
    let a = xs[i];
    let l = &xs[..i].iter().rev().take_while(|&&x|x>a).count();
    let r = &xs[i+1..].iter().take_while(|&&x|x>a).count();
    ans += (l + 1) * (r + 1) * a
  }
  
  println!("{}", ans);
}

#[allow(dead_code)]
mod get {
  use std::io::*;
  use std::str::*;

  pub fn val<T: FromStr>() -> T {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().parse::<T>().ok().unwrap()
  }

  pub fn vals<T: FromStr>(n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
    let mut vec: Vec<T> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. n {
      vec.push(val());
    }
    vec
  }

  pub fn tuple<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr>() -> (T1, T2) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    let mut it = buf.trim().split_whitespace();
    let x = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T1>().ok().unwrap();
    let y = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T2>().ok().unwrap();
    (x, y)
  }

  pub fn tuples<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr>(n: usize) -> Vec<(T1, T2)> {
    let mut vec: Vec<(T1, T2)> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. n {
      vec.push(tuple());
    }
    vec
  }

  pub fn tuple3<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr, T3: FromStr>() -> (T1, T2, T3) {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    let mut it = buf.trim().split_whitespace();
    let x = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T1>().ok().unwrap();
    let y = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T2>().ok().unwrap();
    let z = it.next().unwrap().parse::<T3>().ok().unwrap();
    (x, y, z)
  }

  pub fn tuple3s<T1: FromStr, T2: FromStr, T3: FromStr>(n: usize) -> Vec<(T1, T2, T3)> {
    let mut vec: Vec<(T1, T2, T3)> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. n {
      vec.push(tuple3());
    }
    vec
  }

  pub fn list<T: FromStr>() -> Vec<T> {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().split_whitespace().map(|t| t.parse::<T>().ok().unwrap()).collect()
  }

  pub fn lists<T: FromStr>(h: usize) -> Vec<Vec<T>> {
    let mut mat: Vec<Vec<T>> = vec![];
    for _ in 0 .. h {
      mat.push(list());
    }
    mat
  }

  pub fn chars() -> Vec<char> {
    let mut buf = String::new();
    stdin().read_line(&mut buf).ok();
    buf.trim().chars().collect()
  }
}