Problem:
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Maximum Heap

A binary heap which satisfies max-heap property is called max-heap. In a max-heap, for every node $i$ other than the root, $A[i] \leq A[parent(i)]$, that is, the value of a node is at most the value of its parent. The largest element in a max-heap is stored at the root, and the subtree rooted at a node contains values no larger than that contained at the node itself.

Here is an example of a max-heap.

Write a program which reads an array and constructs a max-heap from the array based on the following pseudo code.

$maxHeapify(A, i)$ move the value of $A[i]$ down to leaves to make a sub-tree of node $i$ a max-heap. Here, $H$ is the size of the heap.

1 maxHeapify(A, i)
2 l = left(i)
3 r = right(i)
4 // select the node which has the maximum value
5 if l ≤ H and A[l] > A[i]
6 largest = l
7 else
8 largest = i
9 if r ≤ H and A[r] > A[largest]
10 largest = r
11
12 if largest ≠ i　// value of children is larger than that of i
13 swap A[i] and A[largest]
14 maxHeapify(A, largest) // call recursively

The following procedure buildMaxHeap(A) makes $A$ a max-heap by performing maxHeapify in a bottom-up manner.

1 buildMaxHeap(A)
2 for i = H/2 downto 1
3 maxHeapify(A, i)

Input

In the first line, an integer $H$ is given. In the second line, $H$ integers which represent elements in the binary heap are given in order of node id (from $1$ to $H$).

Output

Print values of nodes in the max-heap in order of their id (from $1$ to $H$). Print a single space character before each value.

Constraint

$1 \leq H \leq 500,000$

$-2,000,000,000 \leq$ value of a node $\leq 2,000,000,000$

Sample Input 1

10
4 1 3 2 16 9 10 14 8 7

Sample Output 1

16 14 10 8 7 9 3 2 4 1

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in Ruby (judge verdict: WA: Presentation Error)

class MaximumHeap
  attr_accessor :tree

  def initialize(tree, heap_size)
    @tree = tree
    @heap_size = heap_size
  end

  def max_heapify(i)
    l = 2 * i + 1
    r = 2 * i + 2
    larget = nil
    if l < @heap_size && @tree[l] > @tree[i]
      largest = l
    else
      largest = i
    end
    if r < @heap_size && @tree[r] > @tree[largest]
      largest = r
    end

    if largest != i
      @tree[largest], @tree[i] = @tree[i], @tree[largest]
      max_heapify(largest)
    end
  end

  def build_max_heap
    (@heap_size / 2).downto(0) do |i|
      max_heapify(i)
    end
  end

end

h = gets.to_i
tree = gets.split.map { |i| i.to_i }
mh = MaximumHeap.new(tree, h)
mh.build_max_heap
puts mh.tree*' '