Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

Given is an integer N. Find the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits (in base ten without leading zeros).

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits.

Sample Input 1

11

Sample Output 1

9

Among the positive integers less than or equal to 11, nine integers have an odd number of digits: 1, 2, \ldots, 9.

Sample Input 2

136

Sample Output 2

46

In addition to 1, 2, \ldots, 9, another 37 integers also have an odd number of digits: 100, 101, \ldots, 136.

Sample Input 3

100000

Sample Output 3

90909

Solution in Ruby (2.3.3) (judge verdict: Accepted)

n = gets

ans = 0
n.size.times do |i|
  next if i.odd?
  lower = ("1" + ("0" * i)).to_i
  upper = [("9" * (i + 1)).to_i, n.to_i].min
  next if upper < lower

  ans += upper - lower + 1
end

puts ans