Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. Every stone is painted white or black.
A string S represents the color of the stones. The i-th stone from the left is white if the i-th character of S is ., and the stone is black if the character is #.

Takahashi wants to change the colors of some stones to black or white so that there will be no white stone immediately to the right of a black stone.
Find the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

S is a string of length N consisting of . and #.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Sample Input 1

3
#.#

Sample Output 1

1

It is enough to change the color of the first stone to white.

Sample Input 2

5
#.##.

Sample Output 2

2

Sample Input 3

9
.........

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in Ruby (2.3.3) (judge verdict: Accepted)

WHITE = '.'
BLACK = '#'

N = gets.chomp.to_i
S = gets.chomp

whites = S.count(WHITE)

# しゃくとり法
# 全部白にする場合の要変更数をセット
cumulative = [whites]

N.times do |i|
  cumulative[i + 1] =
    if S[i] == BLACK
      cumulative[i] + 1
    else
      cumulative[i] - 1
    end
end

puts cumulative.min