Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Ruby (2.3.3) (judge verdict: Accepted)

def main(argv)
  n = gets.chomp.to_i
  b = gets.chomp.split(' ').map(&:to_i)
  
  a = [0] * n
  a[0] = b[0]
  (n - 1).times do |i|
    a[i] = [a[i], b[i]].min
    a[i + 1] = b[i]
  end
  puts a.reduce(:+).to_s
end

if self.to_s == 'main' then
  main(ARGV)
end