Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

Let us denote by f(x, m) the remainder of the Euclidean division of x by m.

Let A be the sequence that is defined by the initial value A_1=X and the recurrence relation A_{n+1} = f(A_n^2, M).
Find \displaystyle{\sum_{i=1}^N A_i}.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^{10}

0 \leq X < M \leq 10^5

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N X M

Output

Print \displaystyle{\sum_{i=1}^N A_i}.

Sample Input 1

6 2 1001

Sample Output 1

1369

The sequence A begins 2,4,16,256,471,620,\ldots Therefore, the answer is 2+4+16+256+471+620=1369.

Sample Input 2

1000 2 16

Sample Output 2

6

The sequence A begins 2,4,0,0,\ldots Therefore, the answer is 6.

Sample Input 3

10000000000 10 99959

Sample Output 3

492443256176507

Solution in Kotlin (1.3.71) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

import java.io.*
import java.util.*
import java.lang.*
import java.lang.Math.*


fun solve() {
    val (N, X, M) = rd.readListLong()

    if (N == 1L) {
        println(X)
        return
    }
    
    fun fn(x: Long, Mod: Long): Long {
        return x*x%Mod
    }

    val A = ArrayList<Long>()
    A.add(X)

    val ms = mutableSetOf<Long>()
    ms.add(A[0])

    var ans = A[0]
    var start = -1L
    for (i in 0 until (N-1).toInt()) {
        val next = fn(A[i], M)

        if (ms.contains(next)) {
            start = next
            break
        }
        ms.add(next)
        A.add(next)
        ans += next
    }
    if (start < 0L) {
        println(ans)
        return
    }

    val s = A.indexOf(start)
    val pLn = max((A.size - s), 0).toLong()
    val pSum = A.slice(s until A.size).sum()

    val pCnt = max((N-A.size), 0)/pLn
    val pRest = max((N-A.size), 0)%pLn

    ans += pSum * pCnt
    ans += A.slice(s until s + pRest.toInt()).sum()

    println(ans)
}


//val rd = debug.Reader("abc", "179", "e", "sample-3")
val rd = Reader()


fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    try {
        var exception: Throwable? = null
        val sth = Thread(null, SolveThread(), "solveThread", 128 * 1024 * 1024)
        sth.setUncaughtExceptionHandler { _, e -> exception = e }
        sth.start(); sth.join()
        if (exception != null) throw exception!! }
    catch (e: Exception) { throw e }
    finally { rd.close() }
}
const val MOD = 1_000_000_007L; const val INF = Int.MAX_VALUE/2; const val LINF = Long.MAX_VALUE/2
const val EPS = 1e-9; fun DBLEQ(a: Double, b: Double): Boolean {return abs(a - b) < EPS}
data class IntPair(val first: Int, val second: Int); data class LongPair(val first: Long, val second: Long)
data class To(val idx: Int, val cost: Long)
fun <T>edge(V: Int): Array<ArrayList<T>> { return Array(V){ArrayList<T>()} }
val errPrintln: (Any) -> Unit = { msg -> System.err.println(msg) }
fun rAssert(exp: Boolean, lazyMsg: () -> String = {""}) {
    if (!exp) { val msg = lazyMsg(); errPrintln("EAssert Error: $msg"); throw Error(msg) }
}
fun tAssert(exp: Boolean, lazyMsg: () -> String = {""}) {
    if (!exp) { val msg = lazyMsg(); errPrintln("TAssert Error: $msg"); Thread.sleep(3000) }
}
class SolveThread : Runnable {
    override fun run() { solve() }
}
class Reader {
    private val br = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(System.`in`))
    val readString: () -> String = { br.readLine() }
    val readInt: () -> Int = { br.readLine().toInt() }
    val readLong: () -> Long = { br.readLine().toLong() }
    val readDouble: () -> Double = { br.readLine().toDouble() }
    val readListInt: () -> List<Int> = { br.readLine().split(' ').map { it.toInt() } }
    val readListLong: () -> List<Long> = { br.readLine().split(' ').map { it.toLong() } }
    val readIntArray: () -> IntArray = { readListInt().toIntArray() }
    val readLongArray: () -> LongArray = { readListLong().toLongArray() }
    val readListStringCol: (Int) -> List<String> = { N -> (0 until N).map { readString() } }
    val readListIntCol: (Int) -> List<Int> = { N -> (0 until N).map { readInt() } }
    val readListIntCols: (Int) -> List<List<Int>> = { N -> (0 until N).map { readListInt() } }
    val readListLongCol: (Int) -> List<Long> = { N -> (0 until N).map { readLong() } }
    val readListLongCols: (Int) -> List<List<Long>> = { N -> (0 until N).map { readListLong() } }
    val close: () -> Unit = { br.close() }
    protected fun finalize() { close() }
}