Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

For an integer N, we will choose a permutation \{P_1, P_2, ..., P_N\} of \{1, 2, ..., N\}.

Then, for each i=1,2,...,N, let M_i be the remainder when i is divided by P_i.

Find the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Constraints

N is an integer satisfying 1 \leq N \leq 10^9.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

1

When the permutation \{P_1, P_2\} = \{2, 1\} is chosen, M_1 + M_2 = 1 + 0 = 1.

Sample Input 2

13

Sample Output 2

78

Sample Input 3

1

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in Kotlin (1.0.0) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

import java.io.PrintWriter
val pw = PrintWriter(System.out)

fun main(args : Array<String>) {
    func()
    pw.flush()
}

fun func() {
    val n = nextInt()
    println((1 + (n-1)) * (n-1) / 2)
}

fun next() = readLine()!!
fun nextInt() = next().toInt()

fun println(value : Any) {
    pw.println(value)
}