Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

An uppercase or lowercase English letter \alpha will be given as input.
If \alpha is uppercase, print A; if it is lowercase, print a.

Constraints

\alpha is an uppercase (A - Z) or lowercase (a - z) English letter.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

α

Output

If \alpha is uppercase, print A; if it is lowercase, print a.

Sample Input 1

B

Sample Output 1

A

B is uppercase, so we should print A.

Sample Input 2

a

Sample Output 2

a

a is lowercase, so we should print a.

Solution in Kotlin (1.3.71) (judge verdict: Accepted)

@file:Suppress("NOTHING_TO_INLINE", "EXPERIMENTAL_FEATURE_WARNING", "OVERRIDE_BY_INLINE")

import java.io.File
import java.io.PrintWriter
import kotlin.math.*
import kotlin.random.Random
import kotlin.collections.sort as _sort
import kotlin.collections.sortDescending as _sortDescending
import kotlin.io.println as iprintln

/** @author Spheniscine */
fun main() { _writer.solve(); _writer.flush() }
fun PrintWriter.solve() {
//    val startTime = System.nanoTime()

    val numCases = 1//readInt()
    case@ for(case in 1..numCases) {
//        print("Case #$case: ")
        val ans = if(readChar().isUpperCase()) 'A' else 'a'
        println(ans)
    }

//    iprintln("Time: ${(System.nanoTime() - startTime) / 1000000} ms")
}

/** IO */
//@JvmField val INPUT = File("input.txt").inputStream()
//@JvmField val OUTPUT = File("output.txt").outputStream()
@JvmField val INPUT = System.`in`
@JvmField val OUTPUT = System.out

const val _BUFFER_SIZE = 1 shl 16
@JvmField val _buffer = ByteArray(_BUFFER_SIZE)
@JvmField var _bufferPt = 0
@JvmField var _bytesRead = 0

tailrec fun readChar(): Char {
    if(_bufferPt == _bytesRead) {
        _bufferPt = 0
        _bytesRead = INPUT.read(_buffer, 0, _BUFFER_SIZE)
    }
    return if(_bytesRead < 0) Char.MIN_VALUE
    else {
        val c = _buffer[_bufferPt++].toChar()
        if (c == '\r') readChar()
        else c
    }
}

fun readLine(): String? {
    var c = readChar()
    return if(c == Char.MIN_VALUE) null
    else buildString {
        while(true) {
            when(c) {
                '\n', Char.MIN_VALUE -> return@buildString
                else -> {
                    append(c)
                    c = readChar()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
fun readLn() = readLine()!!

fun read() = buildString {
    var c = readChar()
    while(c <= ' ') {
        if(c == Char.MIN_VALUE) return@buildString
        c = readChar()
    }
    do {
        append(c)
        c = readChar()
    } while(c > ' ')
}
fun readInt() = read().toInt()
fun readDouble() = read().toDouble()
fun readLong() = read().toLong()
fun readStrings(n: Int) = List(n) { read() }
fun readLines(n: Int) = List(n) { readLn() }
fun readInts(n: Int) = List(n) { read().toInt() }
fun readIntArray(n: Int) = IntArray(n) { read().toInt() }
fun readDoubles(n: Int) = List(n) { read().toDouble() }
fun readDoubleArray(n: Int) = DoubleArray(n) { read().toDouble() }
fun readLongs(n: Int) = List(n) { read().toLong() }
fun readLongArray(n: Int) = LongArray(n) { read().toLong() }

@JvmField val _writer = PrintWriter(OUTPUT, false)

/** shuffles and sort overrides to avoid quicksort attacks */
private inline fun <T> _shuffle(rnd: Random, get: (Int) -> T, set: (Int, T) -> Unit, size: Int) {
    // Fisher-Yates shuffle algorithm
    for (i in size - 1 downTo 1) {
        val j = rnd.nextInt(i + 1)
        val temp = get(i)
        set(i, get(j))
        set(j, temp)
    }
}

@JvmField var _random: Random? = null
val random get() = _random ?: Random(0x594E215C123 * System.nanoTime()).also { _random = it }

fun IntArray.shuffle(rnd: Random = random) = _shuffle(rnd, ::get, ::set, size)
fun IntArray.sort() { shuffle(); _sort() }
fun IntArray.sortDescending() { shuffle(); _sortDescending() }

fun LongArray.shuffle(rnd: Random = random) = _shuffle(rnd, ::get, ::set, size)
fun LongArray.sort() { shuffle(); _sort() }
fun LongArray.sortDescending() { shuffle(); _sortDescending() }

fun DoubleArray.shuffle(rnd: Random = random) = _shuffle(rnd, ::get, ::set, size)
fun DoubleArray.sort() { shuffle(); _sort() }
fun DoubleArray.sortDescending() { shuffle(); _sortDescending() }

fun CharArray.shuffle(rnd: Random = random) = _shuffle(rnd, ::get, ::set, size)
inline fun CharArray.sort() { _sort() }
inline fun CharArray.sortDescending() { _sortDescending() }

inline fun <T: Comparable<T>> Array<out T>.sort() = _sort()
inline fun <T: Comparable<T>> Array<out T>.sortDescending() = _sortDescending()
inline fun <T: Comparable<T>> MutableList<out T>.sort() = _sort()
inline fun <T: Comparable<T>> MutableList<out T>.sortDescending() = _sortDescending()

fun `please stop removing these imports IntelliJ`() { iprintln(max(1, 2)) }

/** additional commons */
inline fun <T> Iterable<T>.sumByLong(func: (T) -> Long) = fold(0L) { acc, t -> acc + func(t) }
inline fun <T> Sequence<T>.sumByLong(func: (T) -> Long) = fold(0L) { acc, t -> acc + func(t) }
inline fun <T> Array<T>.sumByLong(func: (T) -> Long) = fold(0L) { acc, t -> acc + func(t) }
fun IntArray.sumLong() = fold(0L, Long::plus)