Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

How many integer sequences A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_N of length N satisfy all of the following conditions?

0 \leq A_i \leq 9

There exists some i such that A_i=0 holds.

There exists some i such that A_i=9 holds.

The answer can be very large, so output it modulo 10^9 + 7.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^6

N is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the answer modulo 10^9 + 7.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

2

Two sequences \{0,9\} and \{9,0\} satisfy all conditions.

Sample Input 2

1

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

869121

Sample Output 3

2511445

Solution in Kotlin (1.3.71) (judge verdict: Accepted)

@file:Suppress("DuplicatedCode")

import java.io.IOException
import java.io.InputStream
import java.io.PrintWriter
import java.util.NoSuchElementException

fun main(args: Array<String>) {
    PrintWriter(System.out).use { out ->
        C.solve(C.FastScanner(), out)
        out.flush()
    }
}

private fun C.solve(sc: C.FastScanner, out: PrintWriter) {
    val n = sc.nextLong()
    val noZero = modPow(10, n, mod)
    val noOne = modPow(9, n, mod)
    val noTwo = modPow(8, n, mod)
    var ans = (noZero - noOne + noTwo - noOne) % mod
    ans = if (ans < 0) ans + mod else ans
    out.println(ans)
}

@Suppress("MemberVisibilityCanBePrivate")
private object C {
    const val mod = 1000000007L
    private const val zeroCode = '0'.toInt()
    private const val nineCode = '9'.toInt()

    class FastScanner {
        private val `in`: InputStream = System.`in`
        private val buffer = ByteArray(2048)
        private var ptr = 0
        private var buflen = 0

        private fun hasNextByte(): Boolean {
            if (ptr < buflen) {
                return true
            } else {
                ptr = 0
                try {
                    buflen = `in`.read(buffer)
                } catch (e: IOException) {
                    e.printStackTrace()
                }
                if (buflen <= 0) {
                    return false
                }
            }
            return true
        }

        private fun readByte(): Byte = if (hasNextByte()) buffer[ptr++] else -1

        private fun readByteAsInt(): Int = if (hasNextByte()) buffer[ptr++].toInt() else -1

        operator fun hasNext(): Boolean {
            while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++
            return hasNextByte()
        }

        operator fun next(): String {
            if (!hasNext()) throw NoSuchElementException()

            return buildString {
                var b = readByteAsInt()

                while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
                    appendCodePoint(b)
                    b = readByteAsInt()
                }
            }
        }

        fun toCharIterator(): CharIterator = object : CharIterator() {
            private var nextByte: Byte = readByte()

            override fun hasNext(): Boolean = isPrintableChar(nextByte)

            override fun nextChar(): Char {
                val res = nextByte
                nextByte = readByte()
                return res.toChar()
            }

        }

        fun nextLong(): Long {
            if (!hasNext()) throw NoSuchElementException()
            var n: Long = 0
            var minus = false
            var b = readByteAsInt()

            if (b == '-'.toInt()) {
                minus = true
                b = readByteAsInt()
            }

            if (b !in zeroCode..nineCode) {
                throw NumberFormatException()
            }

            while (true) {
                if (b in zeroCode..nineCode) {
                    n *= 10
                    n += b - zeroCode.toLong()
                } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
                    return if (minus) -n else n
                } else {
                    throw NumberFormatException()
                }

                b = readByteAsInt()
            }
        }

        fun nextInt(): Int {
            val nl = nextLong()
            if (nl < Int.MIN_VALUE || nl > Int.MAX_VALUE) throw NumberFormatException()
            return nl.toInt()
        }

        fun nextDouble(): Double {
            return next().toDouble()
        }

        fun readIntArray(n: Int): IntArray {
            val arr = IntArray(n)

            for (i in 0 until n) {
                arr[i] = nextInt()
            }

            return arr
        }

        fun readBigInt(capacity: Int): IntArray {
            if (!hasNext()) throw NoSuchElementException()

            val arr = IntArray(capacity)
            var len = 0
            arr[0] = readByteAsInt() - zeroCode
            while (arr[len] in 0..9) {
                len++
                arr[len] = readByteAsInt() - zeroCode
            }

            return arr.sliceArray(0 until len)
        }

        companion object {
            private inline fun isPrintableChar(c: Int): Boolean {
                return c in 33..126
            }

            private inline fun isPrintableChar(c: Byte): Boolean {
                return c in 33..126
            }
        }
    }

    fun modPow(base: Long, expo: Long, mod: Long): Long {
        var res = 1L
        var n = expo
        var a = base
        while (n > 0) {
            if ((n and 1) != 0L) res = (res * a) % mod
            a = (a * a) % mod
            n = n shr 1
        }

        return res
    }
}