Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

For an integer N, we will choose a permutation \{P_1, P_2, ..., P_N\} of \{1, 2, ..., N\}.

Then, for each i=1,2,...,N, let M_i be the remainder when i is divided by P_i.

Find the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Constraints

N is an integer satisfying 1 \leq N \leq 10^9.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

1

When the permutation \{P_1, P_2\} = \{2, 1\} is chosen, M_1 + M_2 = 1 + 0 = 1.

Sample Input 2

13

Sample Output 2

78

Sample Input 3

1

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in JavaScript (node.js v5.12) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

process.stdin.resume();
process.stdin.setEncoding('utf8'); 
var lines = [];
var reader = require('readline').createInterface({
	input: process.stdin,
	output: process.stdout
});
 
reader.on('line', (line) => {
	lines.push(line);
});

reader.on('close', () => {
	"use strict"
	const N=+lines[0];
	
	var ans = (N-1) * N / 2;
	console.log(ans);
});