Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

Find the number of integers between 1 and N (inclusive) that contains exactly K non-zero digits when written in base ten.

Constraints

1 \leq N < 10^{100}

1 \leq K \leq 3

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
K

Output

Print the count.

Sample Input 1

100
1

Sample Output 1

19

The following 19 integers satisfy the condition:

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100

Sample Input 2

25
2

Sample Output 2

14

The following 14 integers satisfy the condition:

11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,21,22,23,24,25

Sample Input 3

314159
2

Sample Output 3

937

Sample Input 4

9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
3

Sample Output 4

117879300

Solution in Java7 (OpenJDK 1.7.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeSet;

import java.lang.Integer; 

public class Main {
	static  ArrayList<Pair>adj[];
	static PrintWriter out=new PrintWriter(System.out);
	 public static int mod = 1000000007;

	static int notmemo[][][][];
	static int k;
	static int a[];
	static int b[];
	static int m;
	static char c[];
	
	static int trace[];
	static int h;
	static int x;
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
	s=sc.nextLine();
	c=s.toCharArray();
	k=sc.nextInt();
	n=c.length;
	memo=new long[c.length+1][k+1][2];
	for (int i = 0; i < c.length+1; i++) {
		for (int j = 0; j <k+1; j++) {
			Arrays.fill(memo[i][j], -1);
		}
	}
	int count=0;
	
	System.out.println(dp(0,0,0));
	}
	static String s;
		static boolean isOn(int S, int j) { return (S & 1 << j) != 0; }
	static int y, d;
	static void extendedEuclid(int a, int b)
	{
		if(b == 0) { x = 1; y = 0; d = a; return; }
		extendedEuclid(b, a % b);
		int x1 = y;
		int y1 = x - a / b * y;
		x = x1; y = y1;
	}
	static long dp(int i,int count,int state) {
		if(count>k) {
			return 0;
		}
	if(i==n) {
		if(count==k) {
			return 1;
		}
		else
		return 0;
	}
	
	if(memo[i][count][state]!=-1) {
		return memo[i][count][state];
	}
	
	long total=0;
	for (int j = 0; j <10; j++) {
		if(state==0&&j>Integer.parseInt(""+c[i])) {
			continue;
		}
		

		
		else if(state==0&&j==Integer.parseInt(""+c[i])) {
		if(j==0)
			total+=dp(i+1,count,0);	
		else
			total+=dp(i+1,count+1,0);	
			
		}
		else if(j==0) {
			total+=dp(i+1,count,1);
		}
		else {
			total+=dp(i+1,count+1,1);	
		}
	}
	
	return memo[i][count][state]=total;
	
	}
	static boolean f=true;
	static class SegmentTree {		// 1-based DS, OOP
		int N; 			//the number of elements in the array as a power of 2 (i.e. after padding)
		int[] array, sTree, lazy;
		
		SegmentTree(int[] in)		
		{
			array = in; N = in.length - 1;
			sTree = new int[N*4];		//no. of nodes = 2*N - 1, we add one to cross out index zero
			lazy = new int[N*4];
			
		//	build(1,1,N);
		}
		
		void build(int node, int b, int e)	// O(n)
		{
			if(b == e)					
				sTree[node] = array[b];
			else						
			{
				int mid = b + e >> 1;
				build(node<<1,b,mid);
				build(node<<1|1,mid+1,e);
				sTree[node] = sTree[node<<1]&sTree[node<<1|1];
			}
		}
		
		
		void update_point(int index, int val)			// O(log n)
		{
			index += N - 1;				
			sTree[index] += val;			
			while(index>1)				
			{
				index >>= 1;
				sTree[index] = sTree[index<<1] + sTree[index<<1|1];		
			}
		}
		
		
		void update_range(int i, int j,int val)		// O(log n) 
		{
			update_range(1,1,N,i,j,val);
		}
		
		void update_range(int node, int b, int e, int i, int j,int val)
		{
			if(i > e || j < b)		
				return;
			if(b >= i && e <= j)		
			{
				sTree[node]|= val;			
				lazy[node]|=val;
		
			//LAZY LAZY
			}							
			else		
			{
				int mid = b + e >> 1;
				propagate(node, b, mid, e);
				update_range(node<<1,b,mid,i,j,val);
				update_range(node<<1|1,mid+1,e,i,j,val);
				sTree[node] = sTree[node<<1]&sTree[node<<1|1];		
			}
			
		}
		void propagate(int node, int b, int mid, int e)		
		{

			lazy[node<<1] |= lazy[node];
			lazy[(node<<1)|1] |= lazy[node];
			sTree[node<<1] |= lazy[node];		
			sTree[(node<<1)|1] |= lazy[node];		
			lazy[node] = 0;
			
		}
		
		int query(int i, int j)
		{
			return query(1,1,N,i,j);
		}
		
		int query(int node, int b, int e, int i, int j)	// O(log n)
		{
			if(i>e || j <b)
				return -1;		
			if(b>= i && e <= j)
				return sTree[node];
			int mid = b + e >> 1;
			propagate(node, b, mid, e);
			int q1 = query(node<<1,b,mid,i,j);
			int q2 = query(node<<1|1,mid+1,e,i,j);
			return q1 &q2;	
					
		}
	}
static long memo[][][];

		static long nCr1(int n , int k)
	{
		if(n < k)
			return 0;
		if(k == 0 || k == n)
			return 1;
		if(comb[n][k] != -1)
			return comb[n][k];
		if(n - k < k)
			return comb[n][k] = nCr1(n, n - k);
		return comb[n][k] = ((nCr1(n - 1, k - 1)%mod) +( nCr1(n - 1, k)%mod))%mod;
	}
	
	
static class UnionFind {                                              
	int[] p, rank, setSize;
	int numSets;
	int max[];
	public UnionFind(int N) 
	{
		max=new int[N];
		p = new int[numSets = N];
		rank = new int[N];
		setSize = new int[N];
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {  p[i] = i; setSize[i] = 1;
		max[i]=i;
		}
	}

	public int findSet(int i) { return p[i] == i ? i : (p[i] = findSet(p[i])); }

	public boolean isSameSet(int i, int j) { return findSet(i) == findSet(j); }

	public void unionSet(int i, int j) 
	{ 
		if (isSameSet(i, j)) 
			return;
		numSets--; 
		int x = findSet(i), y = findSet(j);
		if(rank[x] > rank[y]) { p[y] = x; setSize[x] += setSize[y];
		max[x]=Math.max(max[x], max[y]);
		
		}
		else
		{	p[x] = y; setSize[y] += setSize[x];
			if(rank[x] == rank[y]) rank[y]++; 
			max[y]=Math.max(max[x],max[y]);
			
		} 
	}

	private int getmax(int j) {
	return max[findSet(j)];
	}

	public int numDisjointSets() { return numSets; }

	public int sizeOfSet(int i) { return setSize[findSet(i)]; }
}









/**private static void trace(int i, int time) {
if(i==n) 
	return;


long ans=dp(i,time);
if(time+a[i].t<a[i].burn&&(ans==dp(i+1,time+a[i].t)+a[i].cost)) {
	
	trace(i+1, time+a[i].t);
    
	l1.add(a[i].idx);
    return;
}
    trace(i+1,time);

}**/



	static class incpair implements Comparable<incpair>
{
	int a; long b;
	int idx;
	incpair(int a, long dirg,int i) {this.a = a;	b = dirg; idx=i; }
	
	public int compareTo(incpair e){ return (int) (b - e.b);	}
}
	static class decpair implements Comparable<decpair>
{
	int a; long b;int idx;
	
	decpair(int a, long dirg,int i) {this.a = a;	b = dirg; idx=i;}
	
	public int compareTo(decpair e){ return (int) (e.b- b);	}
}

	
	
	
	
	
	


	static long allpowers[];
	static class Quad implements Comparable<Quad>{
		int u;
		int v;
		char state;
		int turns;
		public Quad(int i, int j, char c, int k) {
		u=i;
		v=j;
		state=c;
		turns=k;
		}
		public int compareTo(Quad e){ return (int) (turns - e.turns);	}
		
	}
	static long dirg[][];
	static Edge[] driver;
	
	static int n;
		static class Edge implements Comparable<Edge>
	{
		int node; long cost;
		
		Edge(int a, long dirg) { node = a;	cost = dirg; }
		
		public int compareTo(Edge e){ return (int) (cost - e.cost);	}
	}

	



	  static long manhatandistance(long x,long x2,long y,long y2) {
		  return  Math.abs(x-x2)+Math.abs(y-y2);
	  }
	  static long fib[];
	  static long fib(int n) {
		  if(n==1||n==0) {
			  return 1;
		  }
		  if(fib[n]!=-1) {
			  return fib[n];
		  }
		  else 
			  return  fib[n]=  ((fib(n-2)%mod+fib(n-1)%mod)%mod);
	  }
	  static class Pair {
			int a, b;
	 
			Pair(int x, int y) {
				a = x;
				b = y;
			}
	 
			
		}
		  
	
		
		
	static long[][] comb;		
	
	
	
static  class Triple implements Comparable<Triple>{

int l;
int r;
long cost;
int idx;
		public Triple(int a,int b,long l1,int l2) {
			l=a;
			r=b;
			cost=l1;
			idx=l2;
		}
		public int compareTo(Triple x)
		{
			if(l!=x.l || idx==x.idx)
				return l-x.l;
			return -idx;
		}
		
		
	}
	
	static TreeSet<Long> primeFactors(long N)		// O(sqrt(N) / ln sqrt(N))
	{
		TreeSet<Long> factors = new TreeSet<Long>();		//take abs(N) in case of -ve integers
		int idx = 0, p = primes.get(idx);

		while(p * p <= N)
		{
			while(N % p == 0) { factors.add((long) p); N /= p; }
			if(primes.size()>idx+1)
			p = primes.get(++idx);
			else
				break;
		}

		if(N != 1)						// last prime factor may be > sqrt(N)
			factors.add(N);				// for integers whose largest prime factor has a power of 1
		return factors;
	}
	
	static boolean visited[];
	/**static int bfs(int s)
	{
		Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedList<Integer>();
		q.add(s);
		int count=0;
		int maxcost=0;
		int dist[]=new int[n];
		dist[s]=0;
		while(!q.isEmpty())
		{
			
			int u = q.remove();
			if(dist[u]==k) {
				break;
			}
			for(Pair v: adj[u])
			{	
				maxcost=Math.max(maxcost, v.cost);
			
			
			
			if(!visited[v.v])	{
				
				visited[v.v]=true;
				q.add(v.v);
				dist[v.v]=dist[u]+1;
				maxcost=Math.max(maxcost, v.cost);
			}
			}	
			
		}
		return maxcost;
	}**/
	public static boolean FindAllElements(int n, int k) {
	 int sum = k;  
     int[] A = new int[k];  
      Arrays.fill(A, 0, k, 1);  
        
      for (int i = k - 1; i >= 0; --i) {  
      
           while (sum + A[i] <= n) {  
      
              sum += A[i];  
              A[i] *= 2;  
          }  
      }  
      if(sum==n) {
      	return true;
      }
      else
    	return false; 
	}
	

	
	static boolean vis2[][];
	
	
	static boolean f2=false;
	static long[][] matMul(long[][] a2, long[][] b, int p, int q, int r)	//C(p x r) = A(p x q) x (q x r) -- O(p x q x r)
	{
		long[][] C = new long[p][r];
		for(int i = 0; i < p; ++i) {
			for(int j = 0; j < r; ++j) {
				for(int k = 0; k < q; ++k) {
					C[i][j] = (C[i][j]+(a2[i][k]%mod * b[k][j]%mod))%mod;
		 C[i][j]%=mod;
				}
		
			}
		}
		return C;
	}
		
	
	
		
		
		
		

		
	
	static ArrayList<Pair> a1[];
	static int memo1[];
	
	static boolean vis[];
	static TreeSet<Integer> set=new TreeSet<Integer>();
	
	static long modPow(long ways, long count, long mod)	// O(log e)
	{
		ways %= mod;
		long res = 1;
		while(count > 0)
		{
			if((count & 1) == 1)
				res = (res * ways) % mod;
			ways = (ways * ways) % mod;
			count >>= 1;
		}
		return res%mod;
	}
	
	
	

	static long gcd(long ans,long b) {
		if(b==0) {
			return ans;
		}
		return gcd(b,ans%b);
	}
	static int[] isComposite;
	static int[] valid;
	
	static ArrayList<Integer> primes;
	static ArrayList<Integer> l;
	static void sieve(int N)	// O(N log log N) 
	{
		isComposite = new int[N+1];					
		isComposite[0] = isComposite[1] = 1;			// 0 indicates a prime number
		primes = new ArrayList<Integer>();
		l=new ArrayList<>();
		valid=new int[N+1];
		for (int i = 2; i <= N; ++i) 					//can loop till i*i <= N if primes array is not needed O(N log log sqrt(N)) 
			if (isComposite[i] == 0) 					//can loop in 2 and odd integers for slightly better performance
			{
				primes.add(i);
				l.add(i);
				valid[i]=1;
				
				for (int j = i*2; j <=N; j +=i) {	// j = i * 2 will not affect performance too much, may alter in modified sieve
						isComposite[j] = 1;
						
						
						
				      
					}
			}
		
		for(int i=0 ; i<primes.size() ; i++) {
			for(int j:primes) {
				if(primes.get(i)*j>N) {
					break;
				}
				valid[primes.get(i)*j]=1;
			}
		}
	}
	
	public static int[] schuffle(int[] a2) {
		for (int i = 0; i < a2.length; i++) {
			int x=(int)(Math.random()*a2.length);
		int temp=a2[x];
		a2[x]=a2[i];
		a2[i]=temp;
		}
		return a2;
	}
		static int V;
	static long INF=(long) 1E16;
		
		static class Edge2 
		{
			int node;
		long cost;
			long next;
			Edge2(int a, int c,Long long1) { node = a;	cost = long1; next=c;}
			
		}
static class Scanner {
		StringTokenizer st;
		BufferedReader br;
 
		public Scanner(InputStream system) {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(system));
		}
 
		public Scanner(String file) throws Exception {
			br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
		}
 
		public String next() throws IOException {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
				st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			return st.nextToken();
		}
 
		public String nextLine() throws IOException {
			return br.readLine();
		}
 
		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}
 
		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}
 
		public char nextChar() throws IOException {
			return next().charAt(0);
		}
 
		public Long nextLong() throws IOException {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}
 
		public boolean ready() throws IOException {
			return br.ready();
		}
 
		public void waitForInput() throws InterruptedException {
			Thread.sleep(3000);
		}
	}	
}