Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	InputStream in = System.in;
	PrintStream out = System.out;

	public void _main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(in);

		int n = sc.nextInt();
		int[] p = nextIntArray(sc, n);

		sc.close();

		int ans = 0;
		for (int i = 1; i < n - 1; i++) {
			if (p[i - 1] < p[i] && p[i] < p[i + 1] ||
				p[i - 1] > p[i] && p[i] > p[i + 1]) {
				ans++;
			}
		}

		out.println(ans);
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Main()._main(args);
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private int[] nextIntArray(Scanner sc, int n) {
		int[] result = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			result[i] = sc.nextInt();
		}
		return result;
	}
}