Problem:
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Union of Rectangles

Given a set of $N$ axis-aligned rectangles in the plane, find the area of regions which are covered by at least one rectangle.

Input

The input is given in the following format.

$N$

$x1_1$ $y1_1$ $x2_1$ $y2_1$

$x1_2$ $y1_2$ $x2_2$ $y2_2$

:

$x1_N$ $y1_N$ $x2_N$ $y2_N$

($x1_i, y1_i$) and ($x2_i, y2_i$) are the coordinates of the top-left corner and the bottom-right corner of the $i$-th rectangle respectively.

Constraints

$ 1 \leq N \leq 2000 $

$ −10^9 \leq x1_i < x2_i\leq 10^9 $

$ −10^9 \leq y1_i < y2_i\leq 10^9 $

Output

Print the area of the regions.

Sample Input 1

2
0 0 3 4
1 2 4 3

Sample Output 1

13

Sample Input 2

3
1 1 2 5
2 1 5 2
1 2 2 5

Sample Output 2

7

Sample Input 3

4
0 0 3 1
0 0 1 3
0 2 3 3
2 0 3 3

Sample Output 3

8

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

class Rec{
	int x1, y1, x2, y2;
	public Rec(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
		super();
		this.x1 = x1;
		this.y1 = y1;
		this.x2 = x2;
		this.y2 = y2;
	}
}

public class Main {
	static void solve() {
		int n = ni();
		Rec recs[] = new Rec[n];
		TreeMap<Integer, Integer> mpX = new TreeMap<>(), mpY = new TreeMap<>();
  		for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
			int x1 = ni(), y1 = ni(), x2 = ni(), y2 = ni();
			recs[i] = new Rec(x1, y1, x2, y2);
			mpX.put(x1, 0); mpX.put(x2, 0);
			mpY.put(y1, 0); mpY.put(y2, 0);
		}
  		long ax[] = new long[mpX.size()], ay[] = new long[mpY.size()];//元の座標に戻すための配列
  		int cnt = 0;
  		for(int key:mpX.keySet()) {
  			ax[cnt] = key;
  			mpX.put(key, cnt++);
  		}
  		cnt = 0;
  		for(int key:mpY.keySet()) {
  			ay[cnt] = key;
  			mpY.put(key, cnt++);
  		}
  		int field[][] = new int[ax.length][ay.length];
  		for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  			Rec r = recs[i];
  			int x1 = mpX.get(r.x1), x2 = mpX.get(r.x2);
  			int y1 = mpY.get(r.y1), y2 = mpY.get(r.y2);
  			for(int j=x1;j<x2;j++) {
  				for(int k=y1;k<y2;k++) {
  					field[j][k] = 1;
  				}
  			}
  		}
  		long ans = 0;
  		for(int i=0;i<ax.length;i++) {
  			for(int j=0;j<ay.length;j++) {
  				if(field[i][j] == 1) {
  					ans += (ax[i+1] - ax[i]) * (ay[j+1] - ay[j]);
  				}
  			}
  		}
  		//debug(field);
  		out.println(ans);
	}
	
	static void debug(int field[][]) {
		for(int i=0;i<field.length;i++) {
			for(int j=0;j<field[0].length;j++) {
				System.out.print(field[i][j]);
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
	}
	
	//constant
	static final long mod = (long) 1e9 + 7;
	static final int dx[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 }, dy[] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 };
	static final int[] dx8 = { -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 }, dy8 = { -1, 0, 1, -1, 1, -1, 0, 1 };
	static final int inf = Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2;
	static final long linf = Long.MAX_VALUE / 3;
	static final double dinf = Double.MAX_VALUE / 3;
	static final double eps = 1e-10;
	static final double pi = Math.PI;
	static StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
	static InputStream is;
	static PrintWriter out;
	static String INPUT = "";

	//libraries
	static void reverse(int ar[]) {
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			int t = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = t;
		}
	}

	static void reverse(long ar[]) {
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			long t = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = t;
		}
	}

	static void reverse(double ar[]) {
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			double t = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = t;
		}
	}

	static void reverse(char ar[]) {
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			char t = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = t;
		}
	}

	static String getReverse(String s) {
		char c[] = s.toCharArray();
		reverse(c);
		s = String.valueOf(c);
		return s;
	}

	static <T> void reverse(List<T> ls) {
		int sz = ls.size();
		for (int i = 0; i < sz / 2; i++) {
			T t = ls.get(i);
			ls.set(i, ls.get(sz - 1 - i));
			ls.set(sz - 1 - i, t);
		}
	}

	static <T> void reverse(T[] ar) {
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			T t = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = t;
		}
	}

	static void sbnl() {//StringBuilderに改行文字をappendする
		sb.append("\n");
	}

	static int lowerBound(int[] a, int x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] < x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int upperBound(int[] a, int x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] <= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rlowerBound(int[] a, int x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] > x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rupperBound(int[] a, int x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] >= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int lowerBound(long[] a, long x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] < x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int upperBound(long[] a, long x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] <= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rlowerBound(long[] a, long x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] > x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rupperBound(long[] a, long x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] >= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int lowerBound(double[] a, double x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] < x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int upperBound(double[] a, double x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] <= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rlowerBound(double[] a, double x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] > x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rupperBound(double[] a, double x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] >= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int lowerBound(char[] a, char x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] < x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int upperBound(char[] a, char x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] <= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rlowerBound(char[] a, char x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] > x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static int rupperBound(char[] a, char x) {
		int l = -1, r = a.length;
		while (r - l > 1) {
			int c = (l + r) / 2;
			if (a[c] >= x) {
				l = c;
			} else {
				r = c;
			}
		}
		return r;
	}

	static <T> int lowerBound(List<T> ls, T x) throws RuntimeException {
		if (ls.size() == 0)
			return -1;
		if (ls.get(0) instanceof Integer) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Integer) t1).compareTo((Integer) t2) >= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Long) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Long) t1).compareTo((Long) t2) >= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Double) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Double) t1).compareTo((Double) t2) >= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else {
			System.err.println(
					String.format("%s:数値でないリストを二分探索しています。", Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName()));
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}

	static <T> int upperBound(List<T> ls, T x) throws RuntimeException {
		if (ls.size() == 0)
			return -1;
		if (ls.get(0) instanceof Integer) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Integer) t1).compareTo((Integer) t2) > 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Long) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Long) t1).compareTo((Long) t2) > 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Double) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Double) t1).compareTo((Double) t2) > 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else {
			System.err.println(
					String.format("%s:数値でないリストを二分探索しています。", Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName()));
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}

	static <T> int rupperBound(List<T> ls, T x) throws RuntimeException {
		if (ls.size() == 0)
			return -1;
		if (ls.get(0) instanceof Integer) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Integer) t1).compareTo((Integer) t2) < 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Long) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Long) t1).compareTo((Long) t2) < 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Double) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Double) t1).compareTo((Double) t2) < 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else {
			System.err.println(
					String.format("%s:数値でないリストを二分探索しています。", Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName()));
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}

	static <T> int rlowerBound(List<T> ls, T x) {
		if (ls.size() == 0)
			return -1;
		if (ls.get(0) instanceof Integer) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Integer) t1).compareTo((Integer) t2) <= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Long) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Long) t1).compareTo((Long) t2) <= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else if (ls.get(0) instanceof Double) {
			return ~Collections.binarySearch(ls, x, (t1, t2) -> ((Double) t1).compareTo((Double) t2) <= 0 ? 1 : -1);
		} else {
			System.err.println(
					String.format("%s:数値でないリストを二分探索しています。", Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1].getMethodName()));
			throw new RuntimeException();
		}
	}

	static int[] concat(int x, int arr[]) {
		int ret[] = new int[arr.length + 1];
		System.arraycopy(arr, 0, ret, 1, ret.length - 1);
		ret[0] = x;
		return ret;
	}

	static int[] concat(int arr[], int x) {
		int ret[] = new int[arr.length + 1];
		System.arraycopy(arr, 0, ret, 0, ret.length - 1);
		ret[ret.length - 1] = x;
		return ret;
	}

	static long[] concat(long x, long arr[]) {
		long ret[] = new long[arr.length + 1];
		System.arraycopy(arr, 0, ret, 1, ret.length - 1);
		ret[0] = x;
		return ret;
	}

	static long[] concat(long arr[], long x) {
		long ret[] = new long[arr.length + 1];
		System.arraycopy(arr, 0, ret, 0, ret.length - 1);
		ret[ret.length - 1] = x;
		return ret;
	}

	static int max(int x, int y) {
		return Math.max(x, y);
	}

	static int min(int x, int y) {
		return Math.min(x, y);
	}

	static int max(int x, int y, int z) {
		x = Math.max(x, y);
		x = Math.max(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static int min(int x, int y, int z) {
		x = Math.min(x, y);
		x = Math.min(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static long max(long x, long y) {
		return Math.max(x, y);
	}

	static long min(long x, long y) {
		return Math.min(x, y);
	}

	static long max(long x, long y, long z) {
		x = Math.max(x, y);
		x = Math.max(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static long min(long x, long y, long z) {
		x = Math.min(x, y);
		x = Math.min(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static double max(double x, double y) {
		return Math.max(x, y);
	}

	static double min(double x, double y) {
		return Math.min(x, y);
	}

	static double max(double x, double y, double z) {
		x = Math.max(x, y);
		x = Math.max(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static double min(double x, double y, double z) {
		x = Math.min(x, y);
		x = Math.min(x, z);
		return x;
	}

	static void sort(int[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
	}

	static void sort(long[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
	}

	static void sort(double[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
	}

	static void sort(char[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
	}

	static void rsort(int[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			int tmp = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = tmp;
		}
	}

	static void rsort(long[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			long tmp = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = tmp;
		}
	}

	static void rsort(double[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			double tmp = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = tmp;
		}
	}

	static void rsort(char[] ar) {
		Arrays.sort(ar);
		int len = ar.length;
		for (int i = 0; i < len / 2; i++) {
			char tmp = ar[i];
			ar[i] = ar[len - 1 - i];
			ar[len - 1 - i] = tmp;
		}
	}

	static void fill(int arr[], int x) {
		Arrays.fill(arr, x);
	}

	static void fill(long arr[], long x) {
		Arrays.fill(arr, x);
	}

	static void fill(boolean arr[], boolean x) {
		Arrays.fill(arr, x);
	}

	static void fill(double arr[], double x) {
		Arrays.fill(arr, x);
	}

	static void fill(int arr[][], int x) {
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
			Arrays.fill(arr[i], x);
	}

	static void fill(long arr[][], long x) {
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
			Arrays.fill(arr[i], x);
	}

	static void fill(double arr[][], double x) {
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
			Arrays.fill(arr[i], x);
	}

	static void fill(boolean arr[][], boolean x) {
		for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++)
			Arrays.fill(arr[i], x);
	}

	//MOD culc
	static long plus(long x, long y) {
		long res = (x + y) % mod;
		return res < 0 ? res + mod : res;
	}

	static long sub(long x, long y) {
		long res = (x - y) % mod;
		return res < 0 ? res + mod : res;
	}

	static long mul(long x, long y) {
		long res = (x * y) % mod;
		return res < 0 ? res + mod : res;
	}

	static long div(long x, long y) {
		long res = x * pow(y, mod - 2) % mod;
		return res < 0 ? res + mod : res;
	}

	static long pow(long x, long y) {
		if (y < 0)
			return 0;
		if (y == 0)
			return 1;
		if (y % 2 == 1)
			return (x * pow(x, y - 1)) % mod;
		long root = pow(x, y / 2);
		return root * root % mod;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		is = INPUT.isEmpty() ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes());
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		solve();
		out.flush();
	}

	//input
	private static byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024];
	static int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0;

	private static int readByte() {
		if (lenbuf == -1)
			throw new InputMismatchException();
		if (ptrbuf >= lenbuf) {
			ptrbuf = 0;
			try {
				lenbuf = is.read(inbuf);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
			if (lenbuf <= 0)
				return -1;
		}
		return inbuf[ptrbuf++];
	}

	private static boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
		return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126);
	}

	private static int skip() {
		int b;
		while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b))
			;
		return b;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static double nd() {
		return Double.parseDouble(ns());
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static char nc() {
		return (char) skip();
	}

	private static String ns() {
		int b = skip();
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		while (!(isSpaceChar(b))) {
			sb.appendCodePoint(b);
			b = readByte();
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}

	private static char[] ns(int n) {
		char[] buf = new char[n];
		int b = skip(), p = 0;
		while (p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))) {
			buf[p++] = (char) b;
			b = readByte();
		}
		return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p);
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static char[][] nm(int n, int m) {
		char[][] map = new char[n][];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			map[i] = ns(m);
		return map;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static int[] na(int n) {
		int[] a = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			a[i] = ni();
		return a;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static long[] nla(int n) {
		long[] a = new long[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			a[i] = nl();
		return a;
	}

	private static int ni() {
		int num = 0, b;
		boolean minus = false;
		while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'))
			;
		if (b == '-') {
			minus = true;
			b = readByte();
		}

		while (true) {
			if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
				num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
			} else {
				return minus ? -num : num;
			}
			b = readByte();
		}
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unused")
	private static long nl() {
		long num = 0;
		int b;
		boolean minus = false;
		while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'))
			;
		if (b == '-') {
			minus = true;
			b = readByte();
		}

		while (true) {
			if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
				num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
			} else {
				return minus ? -num : num;
			}
			b = readByte();
		}
	}

}