Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

We have a set S of N points in a two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th point are (x_i, y_i). The N points have distinct x-coordinates and distinct y-coordinates.

For a non-empty subset T of S, let f(T) be the number of points contained in the smallest rectangle, whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axes, that contains all the points in T. More formally, we define f(T) as follows:

f(T) := (the number of integers i (1 \leq i \leq N) such that a \leq x_i \leq b and c \leq y_i \leq d, where a, b, c, and d are the minimum x-coordinate, the maximum x-coordinate, the minimum y-coordinate, and the maximum y-coordinate of the points in T)

Find the sum of f(T) over all non-empty subset T of S. Since it can be enormous, print the sum modulo 998244353.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

-10^9 \leq x_i, y_i \leq 10^9

x_i \neq x_j (i \neq j)

y_i \neq y_j (i \neq j)

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the sum of f(T) over all non-empty subset T of S, modulo 998244353.

Sample Input 1

3
-1 3
2 1
3 -2

Sample Output 1

13

Let the first, second, and third points be P_1, P_2, and P_3, respectively. S = \{P_1, P_2, P_3\} has seven non-empty subsets, and f has the following values for each of them:

f(\{P_1\}) = 1

f(\{P_2\}) = 1

f(\{P_3\}) = 1

f(\{P_1, P_2\}) = 2

f(\{P_2, P_3\}) = 2

f(\{P_3, P_1\}) = 3

f(\{P_1, P_2, P_3\}) = 3

The sum of these is 13.

Sample Input 2

4
1 4
2 1
3 3
4 2

Sample Output 2

34

Sample Input 3

10
19 -11
-3 -12
5 3
3 -15
8 -14
-9 -20
10 -9
0 2
-7 17
6 -6

Sample Output 3

7222

Be sure to print the sum modulo 998244353.

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;

public class Main {

	static PrintWriter out;
	static InputReader ir;

	static void solve() {
		int n = ir.nextInt();
		int[] x = new int[n];
		int[] y = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			x[i] = ir.nextInt();
			y[i] = ir.nextInt();
		}
		x = compress(x);
		y = compress(y);
		int[] co = new int[n];
		BinaryIndexedTree bit = new BinaryIndexedTree(n);
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			co[x[i]] = y[i];
		}
		// tr(co);
		long res = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			res = add(res, modpow(2, n));
			long a = bit.sum(co[i]);
			long b = i - a;
			long c = co[i] - a;
			long d = n - 1 - a - b - c;
			res = sub(res, modpow(2, a + b));
			res = sub(res, modpow(2, b + d));
			res = sub(res, modpow(2, c + d));
			res = sub(res, modpow(2, a + c));
			res = add(res, modpow(2, a));
			res = add(res, modpow(2, b));
			res = add(res, modpow(2, c));
			res = add(res, modpow(2, d));
			bit.update(co[i], 1);
			// tr(res);
		}
		out.println(sub(res, n));
	}

	static class BinaryIndexedTree {
		// 0-indexed
		private long[] bit;
		private int SIZE;

		public BinaryIndexedTree(int n) {
			bit = new long[n + 1];
			SIZE = n;
		}

		// sum of segment[0,i)
		public long sum(int i) {
			long res = 0;
			while (i > 0) {
				res += bit[i];
				i -= i & -i;
			}
			return res;
		}

		// sum of segment[start,end)
		public long sum(int start, int end) {
			return sum(end) - sum(start);
		}

		public long get(int i) {
			return sum(i + 1) - sum(i);
		}

		public void update(int i, long x) {
			i++;
			while (i <= SIZE) {
				bit[i] += x;
				i += i & -i;
			}
		}

		public int size() {
			return SIZE;
		}
	}

	public static int[] compress(int[] a) {
		int n = a.length;
		int[] r = a.clone();
		Arrays.sort(r);
		int[] ret = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			ret[i] = lower_bound(r, 0, n - 1, a[i]);
		return ret;
	}

	public static int lower_bound(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int val) {
		if (val > a[toIndex])
			return toIndex + 1;
		if (val <= a[fromIndex])
			return fromIndex;
		int lb = fromIndex - 1, ub = toIndex;
		while (ub - lb > 1) {
			int mid = (ub - lb) / 2 + lb;
			if (a[mid] >= val) {
				ub = mid;
			} else {
				lb = mid;
			}
		}
		return ub;
	}

	static long mod = 998244353;

	static long add(long a, long b) {
		return (a + b) % mod;
	}

	static long sub(long a, long b) {
		long d = a - b;
		while (d < 0)
			d += mod;
		return d;
	}

	static long mul(long a, long b) {
		return a * b % mod;
	}

	static long div(long a, long b) {
		return a * mod_inverse(b) % mod;
	}

	private static long[] fact(int n) {
		long[] ret = new long[n + 1];
		ret[0] = 1 % mod;
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
			ret[i] = mul(ret[i - 1], i);
		}
		return ret;
	}

	private static long[] factInv(int n) {
		long[] ret = new long[n + 1];
		ret[0] = 1;
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
			ret[i] = div(ret[i - 1], i);
		}
		return ret;
	}

	public static long comb(int n, int m, long[] fact, long[] factInv) {
		long ret = fact[n];
		ret = mul(ret, factInv[m]);
		ret = mul(ret, factInv[n - m]);
		return ret;
	}

	public static long[][] stirling(int n) {
		long[][] ret = new long[n + 1][n + 1];
		ret[0][0] = 1;
		for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
			for (int j = 1; j <= i; j++)
				ret[i][j] = add(ret[i - 1][j - 1], mul(ret[i - 1][j], j));
		return ret;
	}

	public static long mod_inverse(long a) {
		long[] ret = extgcd(a, mod);
		return add(mod, ret[0] % mod);
	}

	public static long[] extgcd(long a, long b) {
		long[] ret = new long[3];
		ret[2] = _extgcd(a, b, ret);
		return ret;
	}

	private static long _extgcd(long a, long b, long[] x) {
		long g = a;
		x[0] = 1;
		x[1] = 0;
		if (b != 0) {
			g = _extgcd(b, a % b, x);
			long temp = x[0];
			x[0] = x[1];
			x[1] = temp;
			x[1] -= (a / b) * x[0];
		}
		return g;
	}

	static long modpow(long a, long n) {
		long res = 1;
		while (n > 0) {
			if ((n & 1) != 0)
				res = res * a % mod;
			a = a * a % mod;
			n >>= 1;
		}
		return res;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ir = new InputReader(System.in);
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		solve();
		out.flush();
	}

	static class InputReader {

		private InputStream in;
		private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		private int curbuf;
		private int lenbuf;

		public InputReader(InputStream in) {
			this.in = in;
			this.curbuf = this.lenbuf = 0;
		}

		public boolean hasNextByte() {
			if (curbuf >= lenbuf) {
				curbuf = 0;
				try {
					lenbuf = in.read(buffer);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (lenbuf <= 0)
					return false;
			}
			return true;
		}

		private int readByte() {
			if (hasNextByte())
				return buffer[curbuf++];
			else
				return -1;
		}

		private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126);
		}

		private void skip() {
			while (hasNextByte() && isSpaceChar(buffer[curbuf]))
				curbuf++;
		}

		public boolean hasNext() {
			skip();
			return hasNextByte();
		}

		public String next() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			int b = readByte();
			while (!isSpaceChar(b)) {
				sb.appendCodePoint(b);
				b = readByte();
			}
			return sb.toString();
		}

		public int nextInt() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			int c = readByte();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = readByte();
			boolean minus = false;
			if (c == '-') {
				minus = true;
				c = readByte();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res = res * 10 + c - '0';
				c = readByte();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return (minus) ? -res : res;
		}

		public long nextLong() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			int c = readByte();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = readByte();
			boolean minus = false;
			if (c == '-') {
				minus = true;
				c = readByte();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res = res * 10 + c - '0';
				c = readByte();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return (minus) ? -res : res;
		}

		public double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] a = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}

		public char[][] nextCharMap(int n, int m) {
			char[][] map = new char[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				map[i] = next().toCharArray();
			return map;
		}
	}

	static void tr(Object... o) {
		out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o));
	}
}