Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

There are N dots in a two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th dot are (x_i, y_i).

We will repeat the following operation as long as possible:

Choose four integers a, b, c, d (a \neq c, b \neq d) such that there are dots at exactly three of the positions (a, b), (a, d), (c, b) and (c, d), and add a dot at the remaining position.

We can prove that we can only do this operation a finite number of times. Find the maximum number of times we can do the operation.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq 10^5

If i \neq j, x_i \neq x_j or y_i \neq y_j.

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the maximum number of times we can do the operation.

Sample Input 1

3
1 1
5 1
5 5

Sample Output 1

1

By choosing a = 1, b = 1, c = 5, d = 5, we can add a dot at (1, 5). We cannot do the operation any more, so the maximum number of operations is 1.

Sample Input 2

2
10 10
20 20

Sample Output 2

0

There are only two dots, so we cannot do the operation at all.

Sample Input 3

9
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 1
5 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5

Sample Output 3

16

We can do the operation for all choices of the form a = 1, b = 1, c = i, d = j (2 \leq i,j \leq 5), and no more. Thus, the maximum number of operations is 16.

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.Map;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.util.Set;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author mikit
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        LightScanner in = new LightScanner(inputStream);
        LightWriter out = new LightWriter(outputStream);
        FMustBeRectangular solver = new FMustBeRectangular();
        solver.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }

    static class FMustBeRectangular {
        public void solve(int testNumber, LightScanner in, LightWriter out) {
            // out.setBoolLabel(LightWriter.BoolLabel.YES_NO_FIRST_UP);
            int n = in.ints();
            FMustBeRectangular.P[] p = new FMustBeRectangular.P[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                p[i] = new FMustBeRectangular.P(i, in.ints(), in.ints());
            }
            IntUnionFind uf = new IntUnionFind(n);
            IntroSort.sort(p, Comparator.comparing(q -> q.x));
            for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
                if (p[i - 1].x == p[i].x) {
                    uf.union(p[i - 1].i, p[i].i);
                }
            }
            IntroSort.sort(p, Comparator.comparing(q -> q.y));
            for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
                if (p[i - 1].y == p[i].y) {
                    uf.union(p[i - 1].i, p[i].i);
                }
            }

            Map<Integer, Set<Integer>> xsize = new HashMap<>(), ysize = new HashMap<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                if (uf.find(i) != i) continue;
                xsize.put(i, new HashSet<>());
                ysize.put(i, new HashSet<>());
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                int j = uf.find(p[i].i);
                xsize.get(j).add(p[i].x);
                ysize.get(j).add(p[i].y);
            }
            long ans = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                if (uf.find(i) != i) continue;
                ans += xsize.get(i).size() * (long) ysize.get(i).size() - uf.size(i);
            }
            out.ans(ans).ln();
        }

        private static class P {
            int i;
            int x;
            int y;

            P(int i, int x, int y) {
                this.i = i;
                this.x = x;
                this.y = y;
            }

            public boolean equals(Object o) {
                if (this == o) return true;
                if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

                FMustBeRectangular.P p = (FMustBeRectangular.P) o;

                if (i != p.i) return false;
                if (x != p.x) return false;
                return y == p.y;
            }

            public int hashCode() {
                int result = i;
                result = 31 * result + x;
                result = 31 * result + y;
                return result;
            }

        }

    }

    static final class IntUnionFind {
        private int groups;
        private final int[] nodes;
        private final int[] rank;

        public IntUnionFind(int n) {
            groups = n;
            nodes = new int[n];
            Arrays.fill(nodes, -1);
            rank = new int[n];
        }

        public int find(int i) {
            int ans = nodes[i];
            if (ans < 0) {
                return i;
            } else {
                return nodes[i] = find(ans);
            }
        }

        public int size(int i) {
            return -nodes[find(i)];
        }

        public boolean union(int x, int y) {
            x = find(x);
            y = find(y);
            if (x == y) {
                return false;
            } else if (rank[x] < rank[y]) {
                nodes[y] += nodes[x];
                nodes[x] = y;
            } else if (rank[x] == rank[y]) {
                rank[x]++;
                nodes[x] += nodes[y];
                nodes[y] = x;
            } else {
                nodes[x] += nodes[y];
                nodes[y] = x;
            }
            groups--;
            return true;
        }

    }

    static final class ArrayUtil {
        private ArrayUtil() {
        }

        public static <T> void swap(T[] a, int x, int y) {
            T t = a[x];
            a[x] = a[y];
            a[y] = t;
        }

    }

    static class IntroSort {
        private static int INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD = 16;

        private IntroSort() {
        }

        static <T> void sort(T[] a, int low, int high, int maxDepth, Comparator<T> comparator) {
            while (high - low > INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD) {
                if (maxDepth-- == 0) {
                    HeapSort.sort(a, low, high, comparator);
                    return;
                }
                int cut = QuickSort.step(a, low, high, comparator);
                sort(a, cut, high, maxDepth, comparator);
                high = cut;
            }
            InsertionSort.sort(a, low, high, comparator);
        }

        public static <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<T> comparator) {
            if (a.length <= INSERTIONSORT_THRESHOLD) {
                InsertionSort.sort(a, 0, a.length, comparator);
            } else {
                sort(a, 0, a.length, 2 * BitMath.msb(a.length), comparator);
            }
        }

    }

    static class InsertionSort {
        private InsertionSort() {
        }

        static <T> void sort(T[] a, int low, int high, Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
            for (int i = low; i < high; i++) {
                for (int j = i; j > low && comparator.compare(a[j - 1], a[j]) > 0; j--) {
                    ArrayUtil.swap(a, j - 1, j);
                }
            }
        }

    }

    static class QuickSort {
        private QuickSort() {
        }

        private static <T> void med(T[] a, int low, int x, int y, int z, Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
            if (comparator.compare(a[z], a[x]) < 0) {
                ArrayUtil.swap(a, low, x);
            } else if (comparator.compare(a[y], a[z]) < 0) {
                ArrayUtil.swap(a, low, y);
            } else {
                ArrayUtil.swap(a, low, z);
            }
        }

        static <T> int step(T[] a, int low, int high, Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
            int x = low + 1, y = low + (high - low) / 2, z = high - 1;
            if (comparator.compare(a[x], a[y]) < 0) {
                med(a, low, x, y, z, comparator);
            } else {
                med(a, low, y, x, z, comparator);
            }

            int lb = low + 1, ub = high;
            while (true) {
                while (comparator.compare(a[lb], a[low]) < 0) {
                    lb++;
                }
                ub--;
                while (comparator.compare(a[low], a[ub]) < 0) {
                    ub--;
                }
                if (lb >= ub) {
                    return lb;
                }
                ArrayUtil.swap(a, lb, ub);
                lb++;
            }
        }

    }

    static class LightScanner {
        private BufferedReader reader = null;
        private StringTokenizer tokenizer = null;

        public LightScanner(InputStream in) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
        }

        public String string() {
            if (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public int ints() {
            return Integer.parseInt(string());
        }

    }

    static class HeapSort {
        private HeapSort() {
        }

        private static <T> void heapfy(T[] a, int low, int high, int i, T val, Comparator<? super T> comparator) {
            int child = 2 * i - low + 1;
            while (child < high) {
                if (child + 1 < high && comparator.compare(a[child], a[child + 1]) < 0) {
                    child++;
                }
                if (comparator.compare(val, a[child]) >= 0) {
                    break;
                }
                a[i] = a[child];
                i = child;
                child = 2 * i - low + 1;
            }
            a[i] = val;
        }

        static <T> void sort(T[] a, int low, int high, Comparator<T> comparator) {
            for (int p = (high + low) / 2 - 1; p >= low; p--) {
                heapfy(a, low, high, p, a[p], comparator);
            }
            while (high > low) {
                high--;
                T pval = a[high];
                a[high] = a[low];
                heapfy(a, low, high, low, pval, comparator);
            }
        }

    }

    static final class BitMath {
        private BitMath() {
        }

        public static int count(int v) {
            v = (v & 0x55555555) + ((v >> 1) & 0x55555555);
            v = (v & 0x33333333) + ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333);
            v = (v & 0x0f0f0f0f) + ((v >> 4) & 0x0f0f0f0f);
            v = (v & 0x00ff00ff) + ((v >> 8) & 0x00ff00ff);
            v = (v & 0x0000ffff) + ((v >> 16) & 0x0000ffff);
            return v;
        }

        public static int msb(int v) {
            if (v == 0) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bit not found");
            }
            v |= (v >> 1);
            v |= (v >> 2);
            v |= (v >> 4);
            v |= (v >> 8);
            v |= (v >> 16);
            return count(v) - 1;
        }

    }

    static class LightWriter implements AutoCloseable {
        private final Writer out;
        private boolean autoflush = false;
        private boolean breaked = true;

        public LightWriter(Writer out) {
            this.out = out;
        }

        public LightWriter(OutputStream out) {
            this(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(out, Charset.defaultCharset())));
        }

        public LightWriter print(char c) {
            try {
                out.write(c);
                breaked = false;
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
            }
            return this;
        }

        public LightWriter print(String s) {
            try {
                out.write(s, 0, s.length());
                breaked = false;
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
            }
            return this;
        }

        public LightWriter ans(String s) {
            if (!breaked) {
                print(' ');
            }
            return print(s);
        }

        public LightWriter ans(long l) {
            return ans(Long.toString(l));
        }

        public LightWriter ln() {
            print(System.lineSeparator());
            breaked = true;
            if (autoflush) {
                try {
                    out.flush();
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
                }
            }
            return this;
        }

        public void close() {
            try {
                out.close();
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
            }
        }

    }

    static interface Verified {
    }
}