Problem:
Prime Factorization

Factorize a given integer n.

Input

n

An integer n is given in a line.

Output

Print the given integer n and :. Then, print prime factors in ascending order. If n is divisible by a prime factor several times, the prime factor should be printed according to the number of times. Print a space before each prime factor.

Constraints

2 ≤ n ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

12

Sample Output 1

12: 2 2 3

Sample Input 2

126

Sample Output 2

126: 2 3 3 7

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
 
public class Main implements Runnable {
	
	static int mod = 1000000007;
	
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    	new Thread(null, new Main(), "", 1024 * 1024 * 1024).start();
    }
    
    public void run() {
    	PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        FastScanner sc = new FastScanner();

        long n = sc.nextLong();

        out.print(n + ": ");
        
        ArrayList<Long> l = primeFactorization(n);
        
        for(int i=0;i<l.size()-1;i++){
        	out.print(l.get(i) + " ");
        }
        out.println(l.get(l.size()-1));
       
        out.flush();
    }

	static ArrayList<Long> primeFactorization(long n) {
		ArrayList<Long> l = new ArrayList<>();
		long i = 3;

		while (n % 2 == 0) {
			n /= 2;
			l.add((long)2);
		}

		while (n != 1 && i*i <= n) {
			while(n%i == 0){
				n /= i;
				l.add(i);
			}
			i += 2;
		}
		
		if(n > 1){	//nは素数
			l.add(n);
		}

		return l;
	}

}


class FastScanner {
	private final InputStream in = System.in;
	private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	private int ptr = 0;
	private int buflen = 0;
	private boolean hasNextByte() {
		if (ptr < buflen) {
			return true;
		} else {
			ptr = 0;
			try {
				buflen = in.read(buffer);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if (buflen <= 0) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}
	private int readByte() {
		if (hasNextByte())
			return buffer[ptr++];
		else
			return -1;
	}
	private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) {
		return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
	}
	public boolean hasNext() {
		while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr]))
			ptr++;
		return hasNextByte();
	}
	public String next() {
		if (!hasNext())
			throw new NoSuchElementException();
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		int b = readByte();
		while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
			sb.appendCodePoint(b);
			b = readByte();
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	public long nextLong() {
		if (!hasNext())
			throw new NoSuchElementException();
		long n = 0;
		boolean minus = false;
		int b = readByte();
		if (b == '-') {
			minus = true;
			b = readByte();
		}
		if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
			throw new NumberFormatException();
		}
		while (true) {
			if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
				n *= 10;
				n += b - '0';
			} else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
				return minus ? -n : n;
			} else {
				throw new NumberFormatException();
			}
			b = readByte();
		}
	}
	public int nextInt() {
		long nl = nextLong();
		if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE)
			throw new NumberFormatException();
		return (int) nl;
	}
	public int[] nextintArray(int n){
		int[] a = new int[n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			a[i] = nextInt();
		}
		return a;
	}
	public long[] nextlongArray(int n){
		long[] a = new long[n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			a[i] = nextLong();
		}
		return a;
	}
	public Integer[] nextIntegerArray(int n){
		Integer[] a = new Integer[n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
			a[i] = nextInt();
		}
		return a;
	}
	public double nextDouble() {
		return Double.parseDouble(next());
	}
}