Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.util.*;

public class Main{
  public static void main(String[] args){
    Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
    int n = scan.nextInt();
    int[] b = new int[n-1];
    for (int i=0;i<n-1;i++){
      b[i] = scan.nextInt();
    }
    int sum = b[n-2]+b[0];
    for (int j=n-2;j>=1;j--){
      sum += b[j];
      if (b[j-1] < b[j]){
        sum += b[j-1] - b[j];
      }
    }

    System.out.println(sum);

  }
}