Problem:
Problem B: Prime Gap

The sequence of n - 1 consecutive composite numbers (positive integers that are not prime and
not equal to 1) lying between two successive prime numbers p and p + n is called a prime gap of length n. For example, (24, 25, 26, 27, 28) between 23 and 29 is a prime gap of length 6.

Your mission is to write a program to calculate, for a given positive integer k, the length of the prime gap that contains k. For convenience, the length is considered 0 in case no prime gap
contains k.

Input

The input is a sequence of lines each of which contains a single positive integer. Each positive
integer is greater than 1 and less than or equal to the 100000th prime number, which is 1299709.
The end of the input is indicated by a line containing a single zero.

Output

The output should be composed of lines each of which contains a single non-negative integer. It
is the length of the prime gap that contains the corresponding positive integer in the input if it
is a composite number, or 0 otherwise. No other characters should occur in the output.

Sample Input

10
11
27
2
492170
0

Output for the Sample Input

4
0
6
0
114

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;

public class Main {
	void run() {
		MyScanner sc = new MyScanner();

		int MAX = 1300000;
		boolean[] prime = new boolean[MAX];
		Arrays.fill(prime, true);
		prime[0] = prime[1] = false;
		for (int i = 0; i * i <= MAX; i++) {
			if (!prime[i]) continue;
			for (int j = i * i; j < MAX; j += i) {
				prime[j] = false;
			}
		}

		int[] len = new int[MAX];
		for (int i = 1; i < MAX; i++) {
			if (prime[i]) {
				len[i] = 0;
			} else {
				len[i] = len[i - 1] + 1;
			}
		}
		for (int i = MAX - 2; 0 <= i; i--) {
			if (len[i] != 0 && len[i + 1] != 0) {
				len[i] = len[i + 1];
			}
		}

		while (true) {
			int n = sc.nextInt();
			if (n == 0) {
				break;
			}

			if (prime[n]) {
				System.out.println(0);
			} else {
				System.out.println(len[n] + 1);
			}
		}
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Main().run();
	}

	public void mapDebug(int[][] a) {
		System.out.println("--------map display---------");
		for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
				System.out.printf("%3d ", a[i][j]);
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
		System.out.println("----------------------------" + '\n');
	}

	class MyScanner {
		int read() {
			try {
				return System.in.read();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			}
		}

		boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}

		boolean isEndline(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] array = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextInt();
			return array;
		}

		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] array = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextLong();
			return array;
		}

		double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		double[] nextDoubleArray(int n) {
			double[] array = new double[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextDouble();
			return array;
		}

		String next() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}

		String[] nextStringArray(int n) {
			String[] array = new String[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = next();

			return array;
		}

		String nextLine() {
			int c = read();
			while (isEndline(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndline(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
	}

}