Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.function.DoubleUnaryOperator;
import java.util.function.IntUnaryOperator;
import java.util.function.LongUnaryOperator;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
        solve(out);
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        pw.println(out);
        pw.flush();
        pw.close();
    }

    public static void solve(StringBuilder out) {
        long a = In.nl();
        long b = In.nl();
        long c = In.nl();
        long k = In.nl();
        if (a >= k) {
            out.append(k);
        } else if (a + b >= k) {
            out.append(a);
        } else {
            out.append(a - (k - (a + b)));
        }
    }
}


/**
 * @author https://atcoder.jp/users/suisen
 */
final class In {
    public static final FastScanner fsc = new FastScanner();

    public static int ni() {
        return fsc.nextInt();
    }

    public static int ni(final IntUnaryOperator f) {
        return f.applyAsInt(fsc.nextInt());
    }

    public static int[] ni(final int n) {
        final int[] a = new int[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> fsc.nextInt());
        return a;
    }

    public static int[] ni(final int n, final IntUnaryOperator f) {
        final int[] a = new int[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> ni(f));
        return a;
    }

    public static int[][] ni(final int n, final int m) {
        final int[][] a = new int[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> ni(m));
        return a;
    }

    public static int[][] ni(final int n, final int m, final IntUnaryOperator f) {
        final int[][] a = new int[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> ni(m, f));
        return a;
    }

    public static long nl() {
        return fsc.nextLong();
    }

    public static long nl(final LongUnaryOperator f) {
        return f.applyAsLong(fsc.nextLong());
    }

    public static long[] nl(final int n) {
        final long[] a = new long[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> fsc.nextLong());
        return a;
    }

    public static long[] nl(final int n, final LongUnaryOperator f) {
        final long[] a = new long[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nl(f));
        return a;
    }

    public static long[][] nl(final int n, final int m) {
        final long[][] a = new long[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nl(m));
        return a;
    }

    public static long[][] nl(final int n, final int m, final LongUnaryOperator f) {
        final long[][] a = new long[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nl(m, f));
        return a;
    }

    public static char[] nc() {
        return fsc.next().toCharArray();
    }

    public static char[][] nc(final int n, final int m) {
        final char[][] c = new char[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(c, i -> nc());
        return c;
    }

    public static double nd() {
        return fsc.nextDouble();
    }

    public static double nd(final DoubleUnaryOperator f) {
        return f.applyAsDouble(fsc.nextDouble());
    }

    public static double[] nd(final int n) {
        final double[] a = new double[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> fsc.nextDouble());
        return a;
    }

    public static double[] nd(final int n, final DoubleUnaryOperator f) {
        final double[] a = new double[n];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nd(f));
        return a;
    }

    public static double[][] nd(final int n, final int m) {
        final double[][] a = new double[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nd(m));
        return a;
    }

    public static double[][] nd(final int n, final int m, final DoubleUnaryOperator f) {
        final double[][] a = new double[n][m];
        Arrays.setAll(a, i -> nd(m, f));
        return a;
    }

    public static String ns() {
        return fsc.next();
    }

    public static String[] ns(final int n) {
        final String[] s = new String[n];
        Arrays.setAll(s, i -> ns());
        return s;
    }

    public static boolean[][] grid(final int h, final int w, final char trueCharacter) {
        final boolean[][] grid = new boolean[h][w];
        for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
            final char[] s = fsc.next().toCharArray();
            for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
                grid[i][j] = s[j] == trueCharacter;
            }
        }
        return grid;
    }
}


final class FastScanner {
    private final InputStream in = System.in;
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int buflen = 0;

    private boolean hasNextByte() {
        if (ptr < buflen) {
            return true;
        } else {
            ptr = 0;
            try {
                buflen = in.read(buffer);
            } catch (final IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (buflen <= 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    private int readByte() {
        if (hasNextByte()) {
            return buffer[ptr++];
        } else {
            return -1;
        }
    }

    private static boolean isPrintableChar(final int c) {
        return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
        while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) {
            ptr++;
        }
        return hasNextByte();
    }

    public String next() {
        if (!hasNext()) {
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        }
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int b = readByte();
        while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public long nextLong() {
        if (!hasNext()) {
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        }
        long n = 0;
        boolean minus = false;
        int b = readByte();
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
            throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        while (true) {
            if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
                n *= 10;
                n += b - '0';
            } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
                return minus ? -n : n;
            } else {
                throw new NumberFormatException();
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    public int nextInt() {
        final long nl = nextLong();
        if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
            throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        return (int) nl;
    }

    public double nextDouble() {
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
}