Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class Main {
    private static final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    private static final Consumer<List<String>> consumer = solve();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        consumer.accept(readInput());
    }

    private static List<String> readInput() {
        final List<String> lineList = new ArrayList<>();
        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            lineList.add(scanner.nextLine());
        }
        return lineList;
    }

    private static Consumer<List<String>> solve() {
        return args -> {
            List<Integer> numList = Arrays.stream(args.get(1).split(" ")).map(Integer::valueOf).collect(Collectors.toList());
            int ans = 0;
            for (int i = 1; i < numList.size() - 1; i++) {
                if (numList.get(i - 1) < numList.get(i) && numList.get(i) < numList.get(i + 1)) {
                    ans++;
                }
                if (numList.get(i - 1) > numList.get(i) && numList.get(i) > numList.get(i + 1)) {
                    ans++;
                }
            }
            System.out.println(ans);
        };
    }

}