Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There is a tree with N vertices, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N.
For each i (1 \leq i \leq N - 1), the i-th edge connects Vertex x_i and y_i.

Taro has decided to paint each vertex in white or black.
Here, it is not allowed to paint two adjacent vertices both in black.

Find the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo 10^9 + 7.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq N

The given graph is a tree.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
x_2 y_2
:
x_{N - 1} y_{N - 1}

Output

Print the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo 10^9 + 7.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2
2 3

Sample Output 1

5

There are five ways to paint the vertices, as follows:

Sample Input 2

4
1 2
1 3
1 4

Sample Output 2

9

There are nine ways to paint the vertices, as follows:

Sample Input 3

1

Sample Output 3

2

Sample Input 4

10
8 5
10 8
6 5
1 5
4 8
2 10
3 6
9 2
1 7

Sample Output 4

157

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

/**
 * Created at 18:26 on 2019-06-25
 */

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {

  static FastScanner sc = new FastScanner();

  static int[] dx = {0, 1, 0, -1};
  static int[] dy = {-1, 0, 1, 0};

  static long MOD = (long) (1e9 + 7);

  static long[][] memo;

  static ArrayList<Integer>[] list;
  static int[] parent;

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    int N = sc.nextInt();

    list = new ArrayList[N];

    for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
      list[i] = new ArrayList();
    }

    for (int i=0; i<N-1; i++) {
      int from = sc.nextInt()-1;
      int to = sc.nextInt()-1;
      list[from].add(to);
      list[to].add(from);
    }

    memo = new long[N][2];
    parent = new int[N];

    solve(0);
    System.out.println((memo[0][0] + memo[0][1]) % MOD) ;

  }

  public static void solve(int n) {
    if (memo[n][0] > 0) {
       return;
    }

    memo[n][0] = 1;
    memo[n][1] = 1;

    for (int i: list[n]) {
      if (i == parent[n]) continue;

      parent[i] = n;
      solve(i);
      memo[n][0] *= (memo[i][0] + memo[i][1]) % MOD;
      memo[n][0] %= MOD;
      memo[n][1] *= memo[i][0];
      memo[n][1] %= MOD;

    }

  }

  public static class Mathf {

    public static int max(int[] a) {
      int M = a[0];
      for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
        M = Math.max(M, a[i]);
      }
      return M;
    }

    public static int min(int[] a) {
      int m = a[0];
      for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
        m = Math.min(m, a[i]);
      }
      return m;
    }

    public static long max(long[] a) {
      long M = a[0];
      for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
        M = Math.max(M, a[i]);
      }
      return M;
    }

    public static long min(long[] a) {
      long m = a[0];
      for (int i = 1; i < a.length; i++) {
        m = Math.min(m, a[i]);
      }
      return m;
    }

  }

  /*
    add()でインデックスを指定しない場合指定されたソート順に違わない位置に追加する
    (ただしソートされていることが前提となる)
    Comparatorが0を返したとき、それらの順序は保証しない
    (TreeSet, TreeMapと違い削除はしない)
   */
  static class TreeList<E> extends ArrayList<E> {

    Comparator<? super E> comparator;

    TreeList(Comparator<? super E> c) {
      super();
      comparator = c;
    }

    /*
      ソート済みのリストに要素を追加する
     */
    public boolean add(E e) {
      int lowIndex = 0;
      int highIndex = size() - 1;
      int index = 0;

      if (size() == 0) {
        super.add(e);
        return true;
      }

      if (comparator.compare(e, get(0)) < 0) {
        index = 0;
      } else if (comparator.compare(e, get(highIndex)) > 0) {
        index = highIndex + 1;
      } else {
        while (lowIndex <= highIndex) {

          if (highIndex == lowIndex + 1 || highIndex == lowIndex) {
            index = highIndex;
            break;
          }

          int midIndex = (lowIndex + highIndex) / 2;
          ;

          if (comparator.compare(e, get(midIndex)) > 0) {
            lowIndex = midIndex;
          } else {
            highIndex = midIndex;
          }

        }
      }

      super.add(index, e);
      return true;
    }

  }

  static class FastScanner {
    private final InputStream in = System.in;
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int buflen = 0;

    private boolean hasNextByte() {
      if (ptr < buflen) {
        return true;
      } else {
        ptr = 0;
        try {
          buflen = in.read(buffer);
        } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
        }
        if (buflen <= 0) {
          return false;
        }
      }
      return true;
    }

    private int readByte() {
      if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++];
      else return -1;
    }

    private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) {
      return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
    }

    private void skipUnprintable() {
      while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++;
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
      skipUnprintable();
      return hasNextByte();
    }

    public String next() {
      if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
      int b = readByte();
      while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
        sb.appendCodePoint(b);
        b = readByte();
      }
      return sb.toString();
    }

    public long nextLong() {
      if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
      long n = 0;
      boolean minus = false;
      int b = readByte();
      if (b == '-') {
        minus = true;
        b = readByte();
      }
      if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
        throw new NumberFormatException();
      }
      while (true) {
        if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
          n *= 10;
          n += b - '0';
        } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
          return minus ? -n : n;
        } else {
          throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        b = readByte();
      }
    }

    public int nextInt() {
      return (int) nextLong();
    }

    public int[] nextIntArray(int N, boolean oneBased) {
      if (oneBased) {
        int[] array = new int[N + 1];
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
          array[i] = sc.nextInt();
        }
        return array;
      } else {
        int[] array = new int[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
          array[i] = sc.nextInt();
        }
        return array;
      }
    }

    public long[] nextLongArray(int N, boolean oneBased) {
      if (oneBased) {
        long[] array = new long[N + 1];
        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
          array[i] = sc.nextLong();
        }
        return array;
      } else {
        long[] array = new long[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
          array[i] = sc.nextLong();
        }
        return array;
      }
    }
  }

}