Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

We have a tree with N vertices, whose i-th edge connects Vertex u_i and Vertex v_i.
Vertex i has an integer a_i written on it.
For every integer k from 1 through N, solve the following problem:

We will make a sequence by lining up the integers written on the vertices along the shortest path from Vertex 1 to Vertex k, in the order they appear. Find the length of the longest increasing subsequence of this sequence.

Here, the longest increasing subsequence of a sequence A of length L is the subsequence A_{i_1} , A_{i_2} , ... , A_{i_M} with the greatest possible value of M such that 1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < ... < i_M \leq L and A_{i_1} < A_{i_2} < ... < A_{i_M}.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

1 \leq u_i , v_i \leq N

u_i \neq v_i

The given graph is a tree.

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N
u_1 v_1
u_2 v_2
:
u_{N-1} v_{N-1}

Output

Print N lines. The k-th line, print the length of the longest increasing subsequence of the sequence obtained from the shortest path from Vertex 1 to Vertex k.

Sample Input 1

10
1 2 5 3 4 6 7 3 2 4
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
3 6
6 7
1 8
8 9
9 10

Sample Output 1

1
2
3
3
4
4
5
2
2
3

For example, the sequence A obtained from the shortest path from Vertex 1 to Vertex 5 is 1,2,5,3,4. Its longest increasing subsequence is A_1, A_2, A_4, A_5, with the length of 4.

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

@SuppressWarnings("unused")
public class Main {
    FastScanner in;
    PrintWriter out;
    final static int MOD = (int)1e9+7;
    final static long INF = Long.MAX_VALUE / 2;
    
    int N;
    int[] a;
    ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>> g;
    int[] dp, ans;
    
    void solve(){
        N = in.nextInt();
        a = in.nextIntArray(N);
        g = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) g.add(new ArrayList<>());
        for(int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++){
            int u = in.nextInt() - 1, v = in.nextInt() - 1;
            g.get(u).add(v);
            g.get(v).add(u);
        }
        dp = new int[N];
        Arrays.fill(dp, Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2);
        ans = new int[N];
        
        dfs(0, 0, 1);
        for(int val : ans) out.println(val);
    }
    
    void dfs(int v, int from, int maxLen){
        int idx = binarySearch(a[v], maxLen);
        ans[v] = Math.max(ans[from], idx + 1);
        int pVal = dp[idx];
        dp[idx] = a[v];
        for(int to : g.get(v)){
            if(to == from) continue;
            dfs(to, v, maxLen + 1);
        }
        //roll-back
        dp[idx] = pVal;
    }
    
    int binarySearch(int val, int maxLen){
        int ng = -1, ok = maxLen - 1;
        while(Math.abs(ok - ng) > 1){
            int mid = (ok + ng) / 2;
            if(dp[mid] >= val) ok = mid;
            else ng = mid;
        }
        return ok;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Main().m();
    }
    
    private void m() {
        in = new FastScanner(System.in);
        out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        /*
        try {
            String path = "input.txt";
            out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(new File(path))));
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        */
        solve();
        out.flush();
        in.close();
        out.close();
    }
    
    static class FastScanner {
        private Reader input;
        
        public FastScanner() {this(System.in);}
        public FastScanner(InputStream stream) {this.input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));}
        public void close() {
            try {
                this.input.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        
        public int nextInt() {return (int) nextLong();}
        
        public long nextLong() {
            try {
                int sign = 1;
                int b = input.read();
                while ((b < '0' || '9' < b) && b != '-' && b != '+') {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                if (b == '-') {
                    sign = -1;
                    b = input.read();
                } else if (b == '+') {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                long ret = b - '0';
                while (true) {
                    b = input.read();
                    if (b < '0' || '9' < b) return ret * sign;
                    ret *= 10;
                    ret += b - '0';
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return -1;
            }
        }
        
        public double nextDouble() {
            try {
                double sign = 1;
                int b = input.read();
                while ((b < '0' || '9' < b) && b != '-' && b != '+') {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                if (b == '-') {
                    sign = -1;
                    b = input.read();
                } else if (b == '+') {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                double ret = b - '0';
                while (true) {
                    b = input.read();
                    if (b < '0' || '9' < b) break;
                    ret *= 10;
                    ret += b - '0';
                }
                if (b != '.') return sign * ret;
                double div = 1;
                b = input.read();
                while ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
                    ret *= 10;
                    ret += b - '0';
                    div *= 10;
                    b = input.read();
                }
                return sign * ret / div;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return Double.NaN;
            }
        }
        
        public char nextChar() {
            try {
                int b = input.read();
                while (Character.isWhitespace(b)) {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                return (char) b;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return 0;
            }
        }
        
        public String nextStr() {
            try {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                int b = input.read();
                while (Character.isWhitespace(b)) {
                    b = input.read();
                }
                while (b != -1 && !Character.isWhitespace(b)) {
                    sb.append((char) b);
                    b = input.read();
                }
                return sb.toString();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "";
            }
        }
        
        public String nextLine() {
            try {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                int b = input.read();
                while (b != -1 && b != '\n') {
                    sb.append((char) b);
                    b = input.read();
                }
                return sb.toString();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return "";
            }
        }
        
        public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
            int[] res = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i] = nextInt();
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public int[] nextIntArrayDec(int n) {
            int[] res = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i] = nextInt() - 1;
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public int[] nextIntArray1Index(int n) {
            int[] res = new int[n + 1];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i + 1] = nextInt();
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
            long[] res = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i] = nextLong();
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public long[] nextLongArrayDec(int n) {
            long[] res = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i] = nextLong() - 1;
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public long[] nextLongArray1Index(int n) {
            long[] res = new long[n + 1];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i + 1] = nextLong();
            }
            return res;
        }
        
        public double[] nextDoubleArray(int n) {
            double[] res = new double[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                res[i] = nextDouble();
            }
            return res;
        }
    }
}