Problem:
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

There is a sequence X of length N, where every element is initially 0. Let X_i denote the i-th element of X.

You are given a sequence A of length N. The i-th element of A is A_i. Determine if we can make X equal to A by repeating the operation below. If we can, find the minimum number of operations required.

Choose an integer i such that 1\leq i\leq N-1. Replace the value of X_{i+1} with the value of X_i plus 1.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5

0 \leq A_i \leq 10^9(1\leq i\leq N)

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1
:
A_N

Output

If we can make X equal to A by repeating the operation, print the minimum number of operations required. If we cannot, print -1.

Sample Input 1

4
0
1
1
2

Sample Output 1

3

We can make X equal to A as follows:

Choose i=2. X becomes (0,0,1,0).

Choose i=1. X becomes (0,1,1,0).

Choose i=3. X becomes (0,1,1,2).

Sample Input 2

3
1
2
1

Sample Output 2

-1

Sample Input 3

9
0
1
1
0
1
2
2
1
2

Sample Output 3

8

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		InputStream inputStream = System.in;
		OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
		InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
		TaskX solver = new TaskX();
		solver.solve(1, in, out);
		out.close();
	}

	static int INF = 1 << 30;
	static int MOD = 1000000007;
	static int[] mh4 = { 0, -1, 1, 0 };
	static int[] mw4 = { -1, 0, 0, 1 };

	static class TaskX {
		public void solve(int testNumber, InputReader in, PrintWriter out) {

			int n = in.nextInt();
			long[] a = in.nextLongArray(n);

			long ans = 0;

			for (int i = n-1; i > 0; i--) {
				long sa = a[i] - a[i-1];
				if (a[0] != 0 || sa > 1) {
					out.println(-1);
					return;
				}
				if (sa == 0) {
					ans += a[i];
				} else if (sa == 1) {
					ans++;
				} else if (sa < 0 && a[i] == 1) {
					ans++;
				} else if (sa < 0 && a[i] == 0) {
					continue;
				} else {
					out.println(-1);
					return;
				}
			}

			out.println(ans);

		}
	}

	static class InputReader {
		BufferedReader in;
		StringTokenizer tok;

		public String nextString() {
			while (!tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
				try {
					tok = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine(), " ");
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
			}
			return tok.nextToken();
		}

		public int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(nextString());
		}

		public long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(nextString());
		}

		public double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(nextString());
		}

		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] res = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				res[i] = nextInt();
			}
			return res;
		}

		public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] res = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				res[i] = nextLong();
			}
			return res;
		}

		public InputReader(InputStream inputStream) {
			in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
			tok = new StringTokenizer("");
		}

	}

}