Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. Every stone is painted white or black.
A string S represents the color of the stones. The i-th stone from the left is white if the i-th character of S is ., and the stone is black if the character is #.

Takahashi wants to change the colors of some stones to black or white so that there will be no white stone immediately to the right of a black stone.
Find the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

S is a string of length N consisting of . and #.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Sample Input 1

3
#.#

Sample Output 1

1

It is enough to change the color of the first stone to white.

Sample Input 2

5
#.##.

Sample Output 2

2

Sample Input 3

9
.........

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

public class Main {
    static InputStream is;
    static PrintWriter out;
    static String INPUT = "";
    static char BLACK = '#';
    static char WHITE = '.';

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        long S = System.currentTimeMillis();
        is = INPUT.isEmpty() ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes());
        out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

        final String answer = solve();
        out.println(answer);
        out.flush();
        long G = System.currentTimeMillis();
        tr(G - S + " ms");
    }

    private static String solve() {
        final int length = ni();
        final String input = ns();
        int res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < input.length() - 1; i++) {
            if (input.charAt(i) == BLACK && input.charAt(i + 1) == WHITE) {
                int countBlack = 0;
                int countWhite = 0;
                for (int j = i; j >= 0; j--) {
                    if (input.charAt(j) == BLACK) {
                        countBlack++;
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                for (int j = i + 1; j < input.length(); j++) {
                    if (input.charAt(j) == WHITE) {
                        countWhite++;
                    } else {
                        break;
                    }
                }

                res += Math.min(countBlack, countWhite);
                i += countWhite - 1;
            }
        }
        return Integer.toString(res);
    }

    private static boolean eof() {
        if (lenbuf == -1) return true;
        int lptr = ptrbuf;
        while (lptr < lenbuf) if (!isSpaceChar(inbuf[lptr++])) return false;

        try {
            is.mark(1000);
            while (true) {
                int b = is.read();
                if (b == -1) {
                    is.reset();
                    return true;
                } else if (!isSpaceChar(b)) {
                    is.reset();
                    return false;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return true;
        }
    }

    private static byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024];
    static int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0;

    private static int readByte() {
        if (lenbuf == -1) throw new InputMismatchException();
        if (ptrbuf >= lenbuf) {
            ptrbuf = 0;
            try {
                lenbuf = is.read(inbuf);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            }
            if (lenbuf <= 0) return -1;
        }
        return inbuf[ptrbuf++];
    }

    private static boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
        return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126);
    }

    //	private static boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 32 && c <= 126); }
    private static int skip() {
        int b;
        while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b)) ;
        return b;
    }

    private static double nd() {
        return Double.parseDouble(ns());
    }

    private static char nc() {
        return (char) skip();
    }

    private static String ns() {
        int b = skip();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while (!(isSpaceChar(b))) {
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private static char[] ns(int n) {
        char[] buf = new char[n];
        int b = skip(), p = 0;
        while (p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))) {
            buf[p++] = (char) b;
            b = readByte();
        }
        return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p);
    }

    private static char[][] nm(int n, int m) {
        char[][] map = new char[n][];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) map[i] = ns(m);
        return map;
    }

    private static int[] na(int n) {
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = ni();
        return a;
    }

    private static int ni() {
        int num = 0, b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-')) ;
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }

        while (true) {
            if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            } else {
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    private static long nl() {
        long num = 0;
        int b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while ((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-')) ;
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }

        while (true) {
            if (b >= '0' && b <= '9') {
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            } else {
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    private static void tr(Object... o) {
        if (INPUT.length() != 0) System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o));
    }
}