Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There is a tree with N vertices, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N.
For each i (1 \leq i \leq N - 1), the i-th edge connects Vertex x_i and y_i.

Taro has decided to paint each vertex in white or black.
Here, it is not allowed to paint two adjacent vertices both in black.

Find the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo 10^9 + 7.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq N

The given graph is a tree.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
x_2 y_2
:
x_{N - 1} y_{N - 1}

Output

Print the number of ways in which the vertices can be painted, modulo 10^9 + 7.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2
2 3

Sample Output 1

5

There are five ways to paint the vertices, as follows:

Sample Input 2

4
1 2
1 3
1 4

Sample Output 2

9

There are nine ways to paint the vertices, as follows:

Sample Input 3

1

Sample Output 3

2

Sample Input 4

10
8 5
10 8
6 5
1 5
4 8
2 10
3 6
9 2
1 7

Sample Output 4

157

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
	static final long MOD=1000000007;//998244353;
	static long[] dp1;
	static long[] dp2;
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		InputReader sc=new InputReader(System.in);
		int N=sc.nextInt();
		graph G=new graph(N);
		for (int i = 0; i < N-1; i++) {
			int a=sc.nextInt()-1;
			int b=sc.nextInt()-1;
			G.addEdge(a, b, 1);
			G.addEdge(b, a, 1);
		}
		dp1=new long[N];
		dp2=new long[N];//kuro
		G.Treedfs(0, -1);
		System.out.println((dp1[0]+dp2[0])%MOD);
   	}
	static class Edge implements Comparable<Edge>{
		int to;
		long v;
		public Edge(int to,long v) {
			this.to=to;
			this.v=v;
		}
		@Override
    	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
    		if(obj instanceof Edge) {
    			Edge other = (Edge) obj;
    			return other.to==this.to && other.v==this.v;
    		}
    		return false;
    	}//同値の定義
    	@Override
    	public int hashCode() {
    		return Objects.hash(this.to,this.v);
    	}
    	@Override
		  public int compareTo( Edge p2 ){
			 if (this.v>p2.v) {
				return 1;
			}
			 else if (this.v<p2.v) {
				return -1;
			}
			 else {
				return 0;
			}
		  }
	} 
	static class graph{
		ArrayList<Edge>[] list;
		int size;
		long INF=Long.MAX_VALUE/2;
		int[] color;
		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
		public graph(int n) {
			size = n;
			list = new ArrayList[n];
			color =new int[n];
			for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
				list[i] = new ArrayList<Edge>();
			}
		}
		void addEdge(int from,int to,long w) {
			list[from].add(new Edge(to,w));
		}
		void Treedfs(int v, int p ) {
			long c1=1;
			long c2=1;
			for (Edge nv : list[v]) {
				if (nv.to == p) continue;  
				Treedfs(nv.to, v);
				c2*=dp1[nv.to];
				c2%=MOD;
				c1*=(dp1[nv.to]+dp2[nv.to]);
				c1%=MOD;
			}
			dp1[v]=c1;
			dp2[v]=c2;
		}
	    int[] topological(){
			int[] indegree = new int[size];//入次数
	        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
	        	for (Edge edge: list[i]) {
					indegree[edge.to]++;
				}
	        }
	        ArrayDeque<Integer> q = new ArrayDeque<Integer>();
	        int[] count=new int[size];
	        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
	            if (indegree[i] == 0) {
	                q.addLast(i);
	            }
	        }
	        int cnt = 0;
	        List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<Integer>();
	        while (!q.isEmpty()) {
	            // 接続先の頂点を探索開始
	            int u = q.removeLast();
	            res.add(u);
	            for (Edge edge : list[u]) {
	                indegree[edge.to]--;
	                count[edge.to]=Math.max(count[u]+1,count[edge.to]);
	                if (indegree[edge.to] == 0) {
	                    q.addFirst(edge.to);
	                }
	            }
	            cnt++;
	        }
	        if (cnt<size) {
				return null;
			}//閉路があればその頂点は一度もキューに入らない
	        return count;
	        //countはその頂点までの最大パス長
	        //resにcountの値が小さい順にソートされたものが入っている。
		}
	}
		static class InputReader { 
		private InputStream in;
		private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		private int curbuf;
		private int lenbuf;
		public InputReader(InputStream in) {
			this.in = in;
			this.curbuf = this.lenbuf = 0;
		}
 
		public boolean hasNextByte() {
			if (curbuf >= lenbuf) {
				curbuf = 0;
				try {
					lenbuf = in.read(buffer);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (lenbuf <= 0)
					return false;
			}
			return true;
		}
 
		private int readByte() {
			if (hasNextByte())
				return buffer[curbuf++];
			else
				return -1;
		}
 
		private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126);
		}
 
		private void skip() {
			while (hasNextByte() && isSpaceChar(buffer[curbuf]))
				curbuf++;
		}
 
		public boolean hasNext() {
			skip();
			return hasNextByte();
		}
 
		public String next() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
			int b = readByte();
			while (!isSpaceChar(b)) {
				sb.appendCodePoint(b);
				b = readByte();
			}
			return sb.toString();
		}
 
		public int nextInt() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			int c = readByte();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = readByte();
			boolean minus = false;
			if (c == '-') {
				minus = true;
				c = readByte();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res = res * 10 + c - '0';
				c = readByte();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return (minus) ? -res : res;
		}
 
		public long nextLong() {
			if (!hasNext())
				throw new NoSuchElementException();
			int c = readByte();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = readByte();
			boolean minus = false;
			if (c == '-') {
				minus = true;
				c = readByte();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res = res * 10 + c - '0';
				c = readByte();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return (minus) ? -res : res;
		}
 
		public double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}
 
		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] a = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextInt();
			return a;
		}
 
		public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] a = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				a[i] = nextLong();
			return a;
		}
 
		public char[][] nextCharMap(int n, int m) {
			char[][] map = new char[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				map[i] = next().toCharArray();
			return map;
		}
	}
	}