Problem:
Rooted Trees

A graph G = (V, E) is a data structure where V is a finite set of vertices and E is a binary relation on V represented by a set of edges. Fig. 1 illustrates an example of a graph (or graphs).

Fig. 1

A free tree is a connnected, acyclic, undirected graph. A rooted tree is a free tree in which one of the vertices is distinguished from the others. A vertex of a rooted tree is called "node."

Your task is to write a program which reports the following information for each node u of a given rooted tree T:

node ID of u

parent of u

depth of u

node type (root, internal node or leaf)

a list of chidlren of u

If the last edge on the path from the root r of a tree T to a node x is (p, x), then p is the parent of x, and x is a child of p. The root is the only node in T with no parent.

A node with no children is an external node or leaf. A nonleaf node is an internal node

The number of children of a node x in a rooted tree T is called the degree of x.

The length of the path from the root r to a node x is the depth of x in T.

Here, the given tree consists of n nodes and evey node has a unique ID from 0 to n-1.

Fig. 2 shows an example of rooted trees where ID of each node is indicated by a number in a circle (node). The example corresponds to the first sample input.

Fig. 2

Input

The first line of the input includes an integer n, the number of nodes of the tree.

In the next n lines, the information of each node u is given in the following format:

id k c1 c2 ... ck

where id is the node ID of u, k is the degree of u, c1 ... ck are node IDs of 1st, ... kth child of u. If the node does not have a child, the k is 0.

Output

Print the information of each node in the following format ordered by IDs:

node id: parent = p, depth = d, type, [c1...ck]

p is ID of its parent. If the node does not have a parent, print -1.

d is depth of the node.

type is a type of nodes represented by a string (root, internal node or leaf). If the root can be considered as a leaf or an internal node, print root.

c1...ck is the list of children as a ordered tree.

Please follow the format presented in a sample output below.

Constraints

1 ≤ n ≤ 100000

Sample Input 1

13
0 3 1 4 10
1 2 2 3
2 0
3 0
4 3 5 6 7
5 0
6 0
7 2 8 9
8 0
9 0
10 2 11 12
11 0
12 0

Sample Output 1

node 0: parent = -1, depth = 0, root, [1, 4, 10]
node 1: parent = 0, depth = 1, internal node, [2, 3]
node 2: parent = 1, depth = 2, leaf, []
node 3: parent = 1, depth = 2, leaf, []
node 4: parent = 0, depth = 1, internal node, [5, 6, 7]
node 5: parent = 4, depth = 2, leaf, []
node 6: parent = 4, depth = 2, leaf, []
node 7: parent = 4, depth = 2, internal node, [8, 9]
node 8: parent = 7, depth = 3, leaf, []
node 9: parent = 7, depth = 3, leaf, []
node 10: parent = 0, depth = 1, internal node, [11, 12]
node 11: parent = 10, depth = 2, leaf, []
node 12: parent = 10, depth = 2, leaf, []

Sample Input 2

4
1 3 3 2 0
0 0
3 0
2 0

Sample Output 2

node 0: parent = 1, depth = 1, leaf, []
node 1: parent = -1, depth = 0, root, [3, 2, 0]
node 2: parent = 1, depth = 1, leaf, []
node 3: parent = 1, depth = 1, leaf, []

Note

You can use a left-child, right-sibling representation to implement a tree which has the following data:

the parent of u

the leftmost child of u

the immediate right sibling of u

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main{

    public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException{
        Node[] node = input();
        print(node);
    }

    public static Node[] input() throws IOException{
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        int n = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
        Node[] node = new Node[n];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            node[i] = new Node(i);
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            String[] t = br.readLine().split(" ");
            int id = Integer.parseInt(t[0]);
            int k = Integer.parseInt(t[1]);
            for(int j = 0; j < k; j++){
                int c = Integer.parseInt(t[j + 2]);
                node[id].child.add(node[c]);
                node[c].parent = node[id];
            }
        }
        return node;//return sequence of node                                      
    }
  public static void print(Node[] node){
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for(int i = 0; i < node.length; i++){
            sb.append("node " + node[i].id);
            sb.append(": parent = " + node[i].parent.id);
            sb.append(", depth = " + node[i].getDepth());
            sb.append(", [");
            int c = node[i].child.size();
            for(int j = 0; j < c; j++){
                if(j != 0){
                    sb.append(", ");
                }
                sb.append(node[i].child.get(j).id);
            }
            sb.append("]\n");
        }
        System.out.println(sb);
    }
}

class Node{
    public int id;
    public Node parent;
    public ArrayList<Node> child = new ArrayList<Node>();
    public Node(int id){
        this.id = id;
        if(id != -1){
            parent = new Node(-1);
        }
    }

    public int getDepth(){
        if(parent.id == -1){
            return 0;
        }else{
            return parent.getDepth() + 1;
        }
    }
 public String getType(){
        if(parent.id == -1){
            return "root";
        }else if(child.size() == 0){
            return "leaf";
        }else{
            return "internal node";
        }
    }

}