Problem:
Edit Distance (Levenshtein Distance)

Find the edit distance between given two words s1 and s2.

The disntace is the minimum number of single-character edits required to change one word into the other. The edits including the following operations:

insertion: Insert a character at a particular position.

deletion: Delete a character at a particular position.

substitution: Change the character at a particular position to a different character

Input

s1
s2

Two words s1 and s2 are given in the first line and the second line respectively. The words will consist of lower case characters.

Output

Print the edit distance in a line.

Constraints

1 ≤ length of s1 ≤ 1000

1 ≤ length of s2 ≤ 1000

Sample Input 1

acac
acm

Sample Output 1

2

Sample Input 2

icpc
icpc

Sample Output 2

0

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		FastScanner sc = new FastScanner(System.in);
		
		String s1 = sc.next();
		String s2 = sc.next();
		
		int[][] dp = new int[s1.length()+1][s2.length()+1];
		
		for(int i = 0; i <= s1.length(); i++)
			dp[i][0] = i;
		for(int j = 0; j <= s2.length(); j++)
			dp[0][j] = j;
		
		for(int i = 1; i <= s1.length(); i++){
			for(int j = 1; j <= s2.length(); j++){
				if(s1.charAt(i-1) == s2.charAt(j-1))
					dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1];
				else
					dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1] + 1;
				dp[i][j] = Math.min(dp[i][j], dp[i-1][j] + 1);
				dp[i][j] = Math.min(dp[i][j], dp[i][j-1] + 1);
			}
		}
		
		System.out.println(dp[s1.length()][s2.length()]);
		
	}//end main
}//end Main

class FastScanner {
    private InputStream in;
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int buflen = 0;
    public FastScanner(InputStream in) {
		this.in = in;
	}
    private boolean hasNextByte() {
        if (ptr < buflen) {
            return true;
        }else{
            ptr = 0;
            try {
                buflen = in.read(buffer);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (buflen <= 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    private int readByte() {
    	if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++];
    	else return -1;
    }
    private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c){
    	return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
    }
    public boolean hasNext() {
    	while(hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr]))
    		ptr++; return hasNextByte();
    }
    public String next() {
        if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int b = readByte();
        while(isPrintableChar(b)) {
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
    public long nextLong() {
        if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
        long n = 0;
        boolean minus = false;
        int b = readByte();
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
            throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        while(true){
            if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
                n *= 10;
                n += b - '0';
            }else if(b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)){
                return minus ? -n : n;
            }else{
                throw new NumberFormatException();
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }
    public int nextInt() {
        long nl = nextLong();
        if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE) throw new NumberFormatException();
        return (int) nl;
    }
    public double nextDouble() {
    	return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
}