Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeMap;

public class Main {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		try(Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in)){
			final int N = sc.nextInt();
			
			long[] array = new long[N];
			for(int i = 0; i < N; i++){
				array[i] = sc.nextLong();
			}
			
			if(N <= 2){
				System.out.println(1);
				return;
			}
			
			long sign = Long.signum(array[1] - array[0]);
			long answer = 0;
			for(int i = 2; i < N; i++){
				final long curr_sign = Long.signum(array[i] - array[i - 1]);
				
				//System.out.println(i + " " + sign + " " + curr_sign);
				
				if(sign != 0 && curr_sign != 0 && sign != curr_sign){
					sign = 0;
					answer++;
				}else if(sign == 0){
					sign = curr_sign;
				}
			}
			
			System.out.println(answer + 1);
		}
	}
	
	public static class Scanner implements Closeable {
		private BufferedReader br;
		private StringTokenizer tok;
 
		public Scanner(InputStream is) throws IOException {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
		}
 
		private void getLine() throws IOException {
			while (!hasNext()) {
				tok = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			}
		}
 
		private boolean hasNext() {
			return tok != null && tok.hasMoreTokens();
		}
 
		public String next() throws IOException {
			getLine();
			return tok.nextToken();
		}
 
		public int nextInt() throws IOException {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}
 
		public long nextLong() throws IOException {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}
 
		public double nextDouble() throws IOException {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}
		
		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) throws IOException {
			final int[] ret = new int[n];
			for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
				ret[i] = this.nextInt();
			}
			return ret;
		}
		
		public long[] nextLongArray(int n) throws IOException {
			final long[] ret = new long[n];
			for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
				ret[i] = this.nextLong();
			}
			return ret;
		}
 
		public void close() throws IOException {
			br.close();
		}
	}
}