Problem:
Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

We will define the median of a sequence b of length M, as follows:

Let b' be the sequence obtained by sorting b in non-decreasing order. Then, the value of the (M / 2 + 1)-th element of b' is the median of b. Here, / is integer division, rounding down.

For example, the median of (10, 30, 20) is 20; the median of (10, 30, 20, 40) is 30; the median of (10, 10, 10, 20, 30) is 10.

Snuke comes up with the following problem.

You are given a sequence a of length N.
For each pair (l, r) (1 \leq l \leq r \leq N), let m_{l, r} be the median of the contiguous subsequence (a_l, a_{l + 1}, ..., a_r) of a.
We will list m_{l, r} for all pairs (l, r) to create a new sequence m.
Find the median of m.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

a_i is an integer.

1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the median of m.

Sample Input 1

3
10 30 20

Sample Output 1

30

The median of each contiguous subsequence of a is as follows:

The median of (10) is 10.

The median of (30) is 30.

The median of (20) is 20.

The median of (10, 30) is 30.

The median of (30, 20) is 30.

The median of (10, 30, 20) is 20.

Thus, m = (10, 30, 20, 30, 30, 20) and the median of m is 30.

Sample Input 2

1
10

Sample Output 2

10

Sample Input 3

10
5 9 5 9 8 9 3 5 4 3

Sample Output 3

8

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.*;
// import java.awt.Point;
 
public class Main {
    InputStream is;
    PrintWriter out;
    String INPUT = "";
 
    int mod = 1_000_000_007;
    long inf = Long.MAX_VALUE;

    void solve(){
        int n = ni();
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            a[i] = ni();
        }
        int left = 0;
        int right = 1100000000;
        while(right-left>1){
            int mid = (left+right)/2;
            if(func(a,mid,n)>=Math.max((long)n*(n+1)/4,1)){
                left = mid;
            }
            else right = mid;
        }
        out.println(left);
    }

    long func(int[] a, int x, int n){
        int[] cum = new int[n+1];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            if(a[i]>=x) cum[i+1] = cum[i]+1;
            else cum[i+1] = cum[i]-1;
        }
        BIT bit = new BIT(2*n+1);
        long ret = 0;
        bit.accumlate(n,1);
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            ret += bit.sum(0,cum[i+1]+n+1);
            bit.accumlate(cum[i+1]+n,1);
        }
        // out.println(x+" "+ret);
        return ret;
    }

    class BIT {
        private int n;
        private long[] bit;
        public BIT(int n) {
            this.n = n;
            bit = new long[n+1];
        }

        public void accumlate(int index,long num) {
            index++;
            while(index<=n) {
                bit[index] += num;
                index+=index&-index;
            }
        }

        /* [begin , end) */
        public long sum(int begin,int end) {
            return sum(end) - sum(begin);
        }

        private long sum(int i) {
            long s = 0;
            while(i>0) {
                s+=bit[i];
                i-=i&-i;
            }
            return s;
        }

        public long get(int index) {
            return sum(index,index+1);
        }

        public void set(int index,long num) {
            accumlate(index,num-(sum(index)-sum(index-1)));
        }

        public String toString() {
            long[] value = new long[n];
            for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
                value[i] = get(i);
            }
            return Arrays.toString(value);
        }
    }

    void run() throws Exception
    {
        is = INPUT.isEmpty() ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes());
        out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
        solve();
        out.flush();
        if(!INPUT.isEmpty())tr(System.currentTimeMillis()-s+"ms");
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { new Main().run(); }
    
    private byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024];
    private int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0;
    
    private int readByte()
    {
        if(lenbuf == -1)throw new InputMismatchException();
        if(ptrbuf >= lenbuf){
            ptrbuf = 0;
            try { lenbuf = is.read(inbuf); } catch (IOException e) { throw new InputMismatchException(); }
            if(lenbuf <= 0)return -1;
        }
        return inbuf[ptrbuf++];
    }
    
    private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126); }
    private int skip() { int b; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b)); return b; }
    
    private double nd() { return Double.parseDouble(ns()); }
    private char nc() { return (char)skip(); }
    
    private String ns()
    {
        int b = skip();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while(!(isSpaceChar(b) && b != ' ')){
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
    
    private char[] ns(int n)
    {
        char[] buf = new char[n];
        int b = skip(), p = 0;
        while(p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))){
            buf[p++] = (char)b;
            b = readByte();
        }
        return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p);
    }
    
    private char[][] nm(int n, int m)
    {
        char[][] map = new char[n][];
        for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)map[i] = ns(m);
        return map;
    }
    
    private int[] na(int n)
    {
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = ni();
        return a;
    }
    
    private int ni()
    {
        int num = 0, b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'));
        if(b == '-'){
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        
        while(true){
            if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            }else{
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }
    
    private long nl()
    {
        long num = 0;
        int b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'));
        if(b == '-'){
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        
        while(true){
            if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            }else{
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }
    
    private static void tr(Object... o) { System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o)); }
 
}