Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

You have an integer variable x.
Initially, x=0.

Some person gave you a string S of length N, and using the string you performed the following operation N times.
In the i-th operation, you incremented the value of x by 1 if S_i=I, and decremented the value of x by 1 if S_i=D.

Find the maximum value taken by x during the operations (including before the first operation, and after the last operation).

Constraints

1≤N≤100

|S|=N

No characters except I and D occur in S.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the maximum value taken by x during the operations.

Sample Input 1

5
IIDID

Sample Output 1

2

After each operation, the value of x becomes 1, 2, 1, 2 and 1, respectively. Thus, the output should be 2, the maximum value.

Sample Input 2

7
DDIDDII

Sample Output 2

0

The initial value x=0 is the maximum value taken by x, thus the output should be 0.

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

		int n = getInt(sc);
		String s = getString(sc);
		String[] sa = s.split("");
		int max = 0;
		int score = 0;
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			if (sa[i].equals("I")) {
				score += 1;
			} else {
				score -= 1;
			}

			if (max < score) {
				max = score;
			}
		}

		System.out.println(max);
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド<br>
	 * 入力した配列に対する順列を取得
	 *
	 * @param numArray
	 * @return
	 */
	private static List<Integer[]> getPermutation(int[] numArray) {
		List<Integer[]> permutation = new ArrayList<>();
		Integer[] ans = new Integer[numArray.length];
		boolean[] used = new boolean[numArray.length];

		return buildPermutaion(permutation, numArray, ans, used, 0);
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド(内部)<br>
	 * 入力した配列に対する順列を作成
	 *
	 * @param list
	 * @param numArray
	 * @param ans
	 * @param used
	 * @param depth
	 * @return
	 */
	private static List<Integer[]> buildPermutaion(List<Integer[]> list, int[] numArray, Integer[] ans, boolean[] used,
			int depth) {

		// 全部使い切った時=>できた順列を返す
		if (depth == numArray.length) {
			list.add(ans.clone());
			return list;
		}
		// 使い切っていない場合

		for (int i = 0; i < numArray.length; i++) {
			if (used[i]) {
				continue;
			}
			ans[depth] = numArray[i];
			used[i] = true;
			list = buildPermutaion(list, numArray, ans, used, depth + 1);

			used[i] = false;
		}

		return list;
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド <br>
	 * スキャナーからの入力値をlongで返却
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	public static long getLong(Scanner sc) {

		return Long.parseLong(sc.next());
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド <br>
	 * スキャナーからの入力値をintで返却
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	public static int getInt(Scanner sc) {

		return Integer.parseInt(sc.next());
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド <br>
	 * スキャナーからの入力値をStringで返却
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String getString(Scanner sc) {

		return sc.next();
	}

	/**
	 * *汎用メソッド <br>
	 * スキャナーからの入力値をint配列で返却
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	public static int[] getIntArray(Scanner sc) {
		String line = "";
		// 直前にnext()を実行していると改行コードだけ取ってしまうのでその対策
		while (line.equals("")) {
			line = sc.nextLine();
		}

		String[] strArray = line.split(" ");
		int[] intArray = new int[strArray.length];
		for (int i = 0; i < strArray.length; i++) {
			intArray[i] = Integer.parseInt(strArray[i]);
		}
		return intArray;
	}

}

class Status {
	long x;
	long tmpCoins;

	public Status(long x, long tmpCoins) {
		this.x = x;
		this.tmpCoins = tmpCoins;
	}
}