Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

There are N piles of stones. The i-th pile has A_i stones.

Aoki and Takahashi are about to use them to play the following game:

Starting with Aoki, the two players alternately do the following operation:

Operation: Choose one pile of stones, and remove one or more stones from it.

When a player is unable to do the operation, he loses, and the other player wins.

When the two players play optimally, there are two possibilities in this game: the player who moves first always wins, or the player who moves second always wins, only depending on the initial number of stones in each pile.

In such a situation, Takahashi, the second player to act, is trying to guarantee his win by moving at least zero and at most (A_1 - 1) stones from the 1-st pile to the 2-nd pile before the game begins.

If this is possible, print the minimum number of stones to move to guarantee his victory; otherwise, print -1 instead.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 300

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^{12}

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 \ldots A_N

Output

Print the minimum number of stones to move to guarantee Takahashi's win; otherwise, print -1 instead.

Sample Input 1

2
5 3

Sample Output 1

1

Without moving stones, if Aoki first removes 2 stones from the 1-st pile, Takahashi cannot win in any way.

If Takahashi moves 1 stone from the 1-st pile to the 2-nd before the game begins so that both piles have 4 stones, Takahashi can always win by properly choosing his actions.

Sample Input 2

2
3 5

Sample Output 2

-1

It is not allowed to move stones from the 2-nd pile to the 1-st.

Sample Input 3

3
1 1 2

Sample Output 3

-1

It is not allowed to move all stones from the 1-st pile.

Sample Input 4

8
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3

Sample Output 4

3

Sample Input 5

3
4294967297 8589934593 12884901890

Sample Output 5

1

Watch out for overflows.

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 解説通りに実装したソースコード
 */
public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in)) {
			int n = scanner.nextInt();
			long a1 = scanner.nextLong(), a2 = scanner.nextLong();
			long s = a1 + a2, x = 0L;
			for (int i = 2; i < n; i++) {
				long ai = scanner.nextLong();
				x ^= ai;
			}
			long d = (s - x) >> 1;
			if ((d < 0) || (0 != (d & x)) || (d >= a1)) {
				System.out.println(-1);
				return;
			}
			long y = 0L;
			for (int i = 62; i >= 0; i--) {
				if ((x & (1L << i)) > 0) {
					if ((d ^ (y | (1L << i))) < a1) {
						y |= (1L << i);
					}
				}
			}
			System.out.println((0 == (d ^ y)) ? -1 : (a1 - (d ^ y)));
		}
	}
}