Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.util.*;

public class Main{
    public static void main(String[] args){

        int score_A = 1;
        int score_B = 0;
        int score_C = -1;
        
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int A = scanner.nextInt();
        int B = scanner.nextInt();
        int C = scanner.nextInt();
        int K = scanner.nextInt();

        int score=0;
        for(int loop=0; loop<K; loop++){
            if(A>0){
                score += score_A;
                A--;

            }else if(B>0){
                score += score_B;
                B--;

            }else{
                score += score_C;
                C--;
            }
        }
        System.out.println( score );
    }
}