Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

Given an undirected tree, let the distance between vertices u and v be the
number of edges on the simple path from u to v.
The diameter of a tree is the maximum among the distances between any two vertices.
We will call a tree good if and only if its diameter is at most K.

You are given an undirected tree with N vertices numbered 1 through N.
For each i (1≦i≦N-1), there is an edge connecting vertices A_i and B_i.

You want to remove zero or more vertices from the tree, so that the resulting tree is good.
When a vertex is removed, all incident edges will also be removed.
The resulting graph must be connected.

Find the minimum number of vertices that you need to remove in order to produce a good tree.

Constraints

2≦N≦2000

1≦K≦N-1

1≦A_i≦N, 1≦B_i≦N

The graph defined by A_i and B_i is a tree.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
A_1 B_1
A_2 B_2
:
A_{N-1} B_{N-1}

Output

Print the minimum number of vertices that you need to remove in order to produce a good tree.

Sample Input 1

6 2
1 2
3 2
4 2
1 6
5 6

Sample Output 1

2

The tree is shown below. Removing vertices 5 and 6 will result in a good tree with the diameter of 2.

Sample Input 2

6 5
1 2
3 2
4 2
1 6
5 6

Sample Output 2

0

Since the given tree is already good, you do not need to remove any vertex.

Solution in Java8 (OpenJDK 1.8.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)


import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
	InputStream is;

	int __t__ = 1;
	int __f__ = 0;
	int __FILE_DEBUG_FLAG__ = __f__;
	String __DEBUG_FILE_NAME__ = "src/B1";

	FastScanner in;
	PrintWriter out;

	int N, K;
	ArrayList<Integer>[] g;
	
	void dfs(int[] dist, int u, int par, int depth) {
		dist[u] = depth;
		for (int v : g[u]) {
			if (v == par) continue;
			
			dfs(dist, v, u, depth + 1);
		}
	}
	
	public void solve() {
		N = in.nextInt();
		K = in.nextInt();
		g = new ArrayList[N];
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
			g[i] = new ArrayList<Integer>();
		
		for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++) {
			int a = in.nextInt() - 1, b = in.nextInt() - 1;
			g[a].add(b);
			g[b].add(a);
		}
		
		int[][] dist = new int[N][N];
		for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
			dfs(dist[i], i, -1, 0);
		}
		
		int res = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
		if (K % 2 == 0) {
			for (int center = 0; center < N; center++) {
				int sum = N;
				for (int to = 0; to < N; to++) {
					if (dist[center][to] <= K / 2) sum--;
				}
				res = Math.min(res, sum);
			}
		} else {
			for (int centerU = 0; centerU < N; centerU++) for (int centerV : g[centerU]) {
				int sum = N;
				for (int to = 0; to < N; to++) {
					if (dist[centerU][to] <= (K - 1) / 2 || dist[centerV][to] <= (K - 1) / 2) sum--;
				}
				res = Math.min(res, sum);
			}
		}
		System.out.println(res);
	}

	public void run() {
		if (__FILE_DEBUG_FLAG__ == __t__) {
			try {
				is = new FileInputStream(__DEBUG_FILE_NAME__);
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("FILE_INPUT!");
		} else {
			is = System.in;
		}
		in = new FastScanner(is);
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

		solve();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Main().run();
	}

	public void mapDebug(int[][] a) {
		System.out.println("--------map display---------");

		for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
				System.out.printf("%3d ", a[i][j]);
			}
			System.out.println();
		}

		System.out.println("----------------------------");
		System.out.println();
	}

	public void debug(Object... obj) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(obj));
	}

	class FastScanner {
		private InputStream stream;
		private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		private int curChar;
		private int numChars;

		public FastScanner(InputStream stream) {
			this.stream = stream;
			//stream = new FileInputStream(new File("dec.in"));

		}

		int read() {
			if (numChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= numChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					numChars = stream.read(buf);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (numChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}

		boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}

		boolean isEndline(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] array = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextInt();

			return array;
		}

		int[][] nextIntMap(int n, int m) {
			int[][] map = new int[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextIntArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] array = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextLong();

			return array;
		}

		long[][] nextLongMap(int n, int m) {
			long[][] map = new long[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextLongArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		double[] nextDoubleArray(int n) {
			double[] array = new double[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextDouble();

			return array;
		}

		double[][] nextDoubleMap(int n, int m) {
			double[][] map = new double[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextDoubleArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		String next() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}

		String[] nextStringArray(int n) {
			String[] array = new String[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = next();

			return array;
		}

		String nextLine() {
			int c = read();
			while (isEndline(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndline(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
	}
}