Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

There are N Snuke Cats numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N, where N is even.

Each Snuke Cat wears a red scarf, on which his favorite non-negative integer is written.

Recently, they learned the operation called xor (exclusive OR).

What is xor?

For n non-negative integers x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n, their xor, x_1~\textrm{xor}~x_2~\textrm{xor}~\ldots~\textrm{xor}~x_n is defined as follows:

When x_1~\textrm{xor}~x_2~\textrm{xor}~\ldots~\textrm{xor}~x_n is written in base two, the digit in the 2^k's place (k \geq 0) is 1 if the number of integers among x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n whose binary representations have 1 in the 2^k's place is odd, and 0 if that count is even.

For example, 3~\textrm{xor}~5 = 6.

They wanted to use this operation quickly, so each of them calculated the xor of the integers written on their scarfs except his scarf.

We know that the xor calculated by Snuke Cat i, that is, the xor of the integers written on the scarfs except the scarf of Snuke Cat i is a_i.
Using this information, restore the integer written on the scarf of each Snuke Cat.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 200000

N is even.

0 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

There exists a combination of integers on the scarfs that is consistent with the given information.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 \ldots a_N

Output

Print a line containing N integers separated with space.

The i-th of the integers from the left should represent the integer written on the scarf of Snuke Cat i.

If there are multiple possible solutions, you may print any of them.

Sample Input 1

4
20 11 9 24

Sample Output 1

26 5 7 22

5~\textrm{xor}~7~\textrm{xor}~22 = 20

26~\textrm{xor}~7~\textrm{xor}~22 = 11

26~\textrm{xor}~5~\textrm{xor}~22 = 9

26~\textrm{xor}~5~\textrm{xor}~7 = 24

Thus, this output is consistent with the given information.

Solution in Java (OpenJDK 11.0.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

/*
    Author: Anthony Ngene
    Created: 11/07/2020 - 04:03
*/
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
    private static final FastReader in = new FastReader();
    private static final FastWriter out = new FastWriter();
    static ArrayList<Integer>[] adj;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        int n = in.intNext();
        long[] arr = in.nextLongArray(n);

        long total = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) total = (total ^ arr[i]);

        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            out.p(total ^ arr[i]).p(" ");
        }

        out.close();
    }


    static class FastWriter {
        private static final int IO_BUFFERS = 128 * 1024;
        private final StringBuilder out;

        public FastWriter() {
            out = new StringBuilder(IO_BUFFERS);
        }

        public FastWriter p(Object object) {
            out.append(object);
            return this;
        }

        public FastWriter p(String format, Object... args) {
            out.append(String.format(format, args));
            return this;
        }

        public FastWriter println(Object object) {
            out.append(object).append("\n");
            return this;
        }

        public void close() throws IOException {
            System.out.print(out);
        }
    }

    static class FastReader {
        private static final int IO_BUFFERS = 128 * 1024;
        private DataInputStream din;
        private byte[] buffer;
        private int bufferPointer, bytesRead;

        public FastReader() {
            din = new DataInputStream(System.in);
            buffer = new byte[IO_BUFFERS];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public FastReader(String file_name) throws IOException {
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name));
            buffer = new byte[IO_BUFFERS];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public String readLine() throws IOException {
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length
            int cnt = 0, c;
            while ((c = read()) != -1) {
                if (c == '\n') break;
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c;
            }
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt);
        }

        public int intNext() throws IOException {
            int ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ') c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg) c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (neg) return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public long longNext() throws IOException {
            long ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ') c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg) c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
            if (neg) return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public double doubleNext() throws IOException {
            double ret = 0, div = 1;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ') c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg) c = read();

            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (c == '.') {
                while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9') {
                    ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10);
                }
            }

            if (neg) return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public int[] nextIntArray(final int n) throws IOException {
            final int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = intNext();
            return a;
        }

        public long[] nextLongArray(final int n) throws IOException {
            final long[] a = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = longNext();
            return a;
        }

        public ArrayList<Integer>[] adjacencyList(int n, int m) throws IOException {
            ArrayList<Integer>[] adj = new ArrayList[n + 1];
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) adj[i] = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
                int a = intNext(), b = intNext();
                adj[a].add(b);
                adj[b].add(a);
            }
            return adj;
        }

        private void fillBuffer() throws IOException {
            bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, IO_BUFFERS);
            if (bytesRead == -1) buffer[0] = -1;
        }

        private byte read() throws IOException {
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead) fillBuffer();
            return buffer[bufferPointer++];
        }

        public void close() throws IOException {
            if (din == null) return;
            din.close();
        }
    }

    static class util {
        public static int upperBound(long[] array, long obj) {
            int l = 0, r = array.length - 1;
            while (r - l >= 0) {
                int c = (l + r) / 2;
                if (obj < array[c]) {
                    r = c - 1;
                } else {
                    l = c + 1;
                }
            }
            return l;
        }

        public static int upperBound(ArrayList<Long> array, long obj) {
            int l = 0, r = array.size() - 1;
            while (r - l >= 0) {
                int c = (l + r) / 2;
                if (obj < array.get(c)) {
                    r = c - 1;
                } else {
                    l = c + 1;
                }
            }
            return l;
        }

        public static int lowerBound(long[] array, long obj) {
            int l = 0, r = array.length - 1;
            while (r - l >= 0) {
                int c = (l + r) / 2;
                if (obj <= array[c]) {
                    r = c - 1;
                } else {
                    l = c + 1;
                }
            }
            return l;
        }

        public static int lowerBound(ArrayList<Long> array, long obj) {
            int l = 0, r = array.size() - 1;
            while (r - l >= 0) {
                int c = (l + r) / 2;
                if (obj <= array.get(c)) {
                    r = c - 1;
                } else {
                    l = c + 1;
                }
            }
            return l;
        }

        public static void print(long[] arr) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
        }

        public static void print(int[] arr) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
        }

        public static void print(char[] arr) {
            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
        }
    }

    static class Tuple implements Comparable<Tuple> {
        int a;
        int b;

        public Tuple(int a, int b) {
            this.a = a;
            this.b = b;
        }

        public int getA() {
            return a;
        }

        public int getB() {
            return b;
        }

        public int compareTo(Tuple other) {
            if (this.a == other.a) return Integer.compare(this.b, other.b);
            return Integer.compare(this.a, other.a);
        }

        @Override
        public int hashCode() {
            return Arrays.deepHashCode(new Integer[]{a, b});
        }

        @Override
        public boolean equals(Object o) {
            if (!(o instanceof Tuple)) return false;
            Tuple pairo = (Tuple) o;
            return (this.a == pairo.a && this.b == pairo.b);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return String.format("%d,%d  ", this.a, this.b);
        }
    }

    static class CF_Reader {
        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public CF_Reader() throws IOException {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        }

        public ArrayList<Integer>[] adjacencyList(int n, int m) throws IOException {
            ArrayList<Integer>[] adj = new ArrayList[n + 1];
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) adj[i] = new ArrayList<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
                int a = intNext(), b = intNext();
                adj[a].add(b);
                adj[b].add(a);
            }
            return adj;
        }

        String next() throws IOException {
            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens())
                st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine().trim());
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        long longNext() throws IOException {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        int intNext() throws IOException {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        double doubleNext() throws IOException {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        char charNext() throws IOException {
            return next().charAt(0);
        }

        public int[] nextIntArray(final int n) throws IOException {
            final int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = intNext();
            return a;
        }

        public long[] nextLongArray(final int n) throws IOException {
            final long[] a = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = longNext();
            return a;
        }

        String line() throws IOException {
            return br.readLine().trim();
        }
    }

    static <T> T[][] deepCopy(T[][] matrix) {
        return Arrays.stream(matrix).map(el -> el.clone()).toArray($ -> matrix.clone());
    }

    static int[][] deepCopy(int[][] matrix) {
        return Arrays.stream(matrix).map(int[]::clone).toArray($ -> matrix.clone());
    }
}