Problem:
Problem D: Find the Outlier

Professor Abacus has just built a new computing engine for making numerical tables. It was designed to calculate the values of a polynomial function in one variable at several points at a time. With the polynomial function f(x) = x2 + 2x + 1, for instance, a possible expected calculation result is 1 (= f(0)), 4 (= f(1)), 9 (= f(2)), 16 (= f(3)), and 25 (= f(4)).

It is a pity, however, the engine seemingly has faulty components and exactly one value among those calculated simultaneously is always wrong. With the same polynomial function as above, it can, for instance, output 1, 4, 12, 16, and 25 instead of 1, 4, 9, 16, and 25.

You are requested to help the professor identify the faulty components. As the first step, you should write a program that scans calculation results of the engine and finds the wrong values.

Input

The input is a sequence of datasets, each representing a calculation result in the following format.

d

v0

v1

...

vd+2

Here, d in the first line is a positive integer that represents the degree of the polynomial, namely, the highest exponent of the variable. For instance, the degree of 4x5 + 3x + 0.5 is five and that of 2.4x + 3.8 is one. d is at most five.

The following d + 3 lines contain the calculation result of f(0), f(1), ... , and f(d + 2) in this order, where f is the polynomial function. Each of the lines contains a decimal fraction between -100.0 and 100.0, exclusive.

You can assume that the wrong value, which is exactly one of f(0), f(1), ... , and f(d+2), has an error greater than 1.0. Since rounding errors are inevitable, the other values may also have errors but they are small and never exceed 10-6.

The end of the input is indicated by a line containing a zero.

Output

For each dataset, output i in a line when vi is wrong.

Sample Input

2
1.0
4.0
12.0
16.0
25.0
1
-30.5893962764
5.76397083962
39.3853798058
74.3727663177
4
42.4715310246
79.5420238202
28.0282396675
-30.3627807522
-49.8363481393
-25.5101480106
7.58575761381
5
-21.9161699038
-48.469304271
-24.3188578417
-2.35085940324
-9.70239202086
-47.2709510623
-93.5066246072
-82.5073836498
0

Output for the Sample Input

2
1
1
6

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)


import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;

public class Main {
	InputStream is;

	int __t__ = 1;
	int __f__ = 0;
	int __FILE_DEBUG_FLAG__ = __f__;
	String __DEBUG_FILE_NAME__ = "src/T";

	FastScanner in;
	PrintWriter out;
	
	double EPS = 1e-3;
	boolean isZero(double a) {
		return a - EPS <= 0 && a + EPS >= 0;
	}
	
	double calc(int x, int rem1, int rem2, int upper) {
		double res = 1.0;
		for (int i = 0; i <= upper; i++) {
			if (i == rem1 || i == rem2) continue;
			res *= (x - i);
		}
		return res;
	}
	
	public void solve() {
		main : 
		while (true) {
			int d = in.nextInt();
			if (d == 0) break;
			double[] v = in.nextDoubleArray(d+3);
			
			double[] xx = new double[d+3];
			for (int next = 0; next <= d + 1; next++) {
				double res1 = 0, res2 = 0;
				for (int x = 0; x <= d + 1; x++) {
					if (x == next) continue;
					double sum = 0;
					for (int rem = 0; rem <= d + 1; rem++) {
						if (rem == next) continue;
						sum += calc(x, rem, next, d + 1);
					}
					xx[x] = v[x] / sum;
//					System.out.println(x + " " + sum + " " + v[x] + " " + xx[x]);
				}
				
				for (int rem = 0; rem <= d + 1; rem++) {
					if (rem == next) continue;
					res1 += xx[rem] * calc(next, rem, next, d + 1);
					res2 += xx[rem] * calc(d + 2, rem, next, d + 1);
				}
				
//				System.out.println(next + " : " + res1 + " " + v[next] + ", " + (d+2) + " : " + res2 + " " + v[d+2]);
				if (isZero(res1 - v[next]) && !isZero(res2 - v[d+2])) {
					System.out.println(d+2);
					continue main;
				} else if (!isZero(res1 - v[next]) && isZero(res2 - v[d+2])){
					System.out.println(next);
					continue main;
				}				
			}				
			System.out.println("dont find");
		}
	}

	public void run() {
		if (__FILE_DEBUG_FLAG__ == __t__) {
			try {
				is = new FileInputStream(__DEBUG_FILE_NAME__);
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				// TODO ????????????????????? catch ????????????
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println("FILE_INPUT!");
		} else {
			is = System.in;
		}
		in = new FastScanner(is);
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

		solve();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Main().run();
	}

	public void mapDebug(int[][] a) {
		System.out.println("--------map display---------");

		for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
			for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
				System.out.printf("%3d ", a[i][j]);
			}
			System.out.println();
		}

		System.out.println("----------------------------");
		System.out.println();
	}

	public void debug(Object... obj) {
		System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(obj));
	}

	class FastScanner {
		private InputStream stream;
		private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		private int curChar;
		private int numChars;

		public FastScanner(InputStream stream) {
			this.stream = stream;
			//stream = new FileInputStream(new File("dec.in"));

		}

		int read() {
			if (numChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= numChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					numChars = stream.read(buf);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (numChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}

		boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}

		boolean isEndline(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] array = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextInt();

			return array;
		}

		int[][] nextIntMap(int n, int m) {
			int[][] map = new int[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextIntArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
			long[] array = new long[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextLong();

			return array;
		}

		long[][] nextLongMap(int n, int m) {
			long[][] map = new long[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextLongArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		double nextDouble() {
			return Double.parseDouble(next());
		}

		double[] nextDoubleArray(int n) {
			double[] array = new double[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = nextDouble();

			return array;
		}

		double[][] nextDoubleMap(int n, int m) {
			double[][] map = new double[n][m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				map[i] = in.nextDoubleArray(m);
			}
			return map;
		}

		String next() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}

		String[] nextStringArray(int n) {
			String[] array = new String[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				array[i] = next();

			return array;
		}

		String nextLine() {
			int c = read();
			while (isEndline(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndline(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
	}
}