Problem:
Tree Walk

Binary trees are defined recursively. A binary tree T is a structure defined on a finite set of nodes that either

contains no nodes, or

is composed of three disjoint sets of nodes:

- a root node.

- a binary tree called its left subtree.

- a binary tree called its right subtree.

Your task is to write a program which perform tree walks (systematically traverse all nodes in a tree) based on the following algorithms:

Print the root, the left subtree and right subtree (preorder).

Print the left subtree, the root and right subtree (inorder).

Print the left subtree, right subtree and the root (postorder).

Here, the given binary tree consists of n nodes and evey node has a unique ID from 0 to n-1.

Input

The first line of the input includes an integer n, the number of nodes of the tree.

In the next n linen, the information of each node is given in the following format:

id left right

id is the node ID, left is ID of the left child and right is ID of the right child. If the node does not have the left (right) child, the left(right) is indicated by -1

Output

In the 1st line, print "Preorder", and in the 2nd line print a list of node IDs obtained by the preorder tree walk.

In the 3rd line, print "Inorder", and in the 4th line print a list of node IDs obtained by the inorder tree walk.

In the 5th line, print "Postorder", and in the 6th line print a list of node IDs obtained by the postorder tree walk.

Print a space character before each node ID.

Constraints

1 ≤ n ≤ 25

Sample Input 1

9
0 1 4
1 2 3
2 -1 -1
3 -1 -1
4 5 8
5 6 7
6 -1 -1
7 -1 -1
8 -1 -1

Sample Output 1

Preorder
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Inorder
2 1 3 0 6 5 7 4 8
Postorder
2 3 1 6 7 5 8 4 0

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: WA: Presentation Error)

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
		ContestScanner scan = new ContestScanner();

		final int n = scan.nextInt();
		final Node[] nodes = new Node[n];

		for(int i=0; i < n; i++)
		{
			nodes[i] = new Node(scan.nextInt(), scan.nextInt(), scan.nextInt());
		}

		(new Solve(n, nodes)).solve();
	}
}
class Solve {
	private final int n;
	private final Node[] nodes;

	public Solve(final int n, final Node[] nodes)
	{
		this.n = n;
		this.nodes = nodes;
	}

	public void solve()
	{
		Node[] nodeMap = new Node[n];
		Node[] childMap = new Node[n];

		for(int i=0; i < n; i++)
		{
			Node n = nodes[i];
			nodeMap[n.id] = n;
			if(n.l != -1) childMap[n.l] = n;
			if(n.r != -1) childMap[n.r] = n;
		}

		Node root = null;

		for(int i=0; i < n; i++)
		{
			if(childMap[nodes[i].id] == null)
			{
				root = nodeMap[nodes[i].id];
				break;
			}
		}

		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

		sb.append("Preorder \n");
		walkPreorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, root, sb);
		sb.append(" \n");
		sb.append("Inorder \n");
		walkInorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, root, sb);
		sb.append(" \n");
		sb.append("Postorder \n");
		walkPostorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, root, sb);
		System.out.println(sb.toString());
	}

	private void walkPreorder(final int n, final Node[] nodes,
								final Node[] nodeMap, final Node[] childMap,
											final Node node, final StringBuilder sb)
	{
		sb.append(" " + node.id);
		if(node.l != -1) walkPreorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.l], sb);
		if(node.r != -1) walkPreorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.r], sb);
	}

	private void walkInorder(final int n, final Node[] nodes,
								final Node[] nodeMap, final Node[] childMap,
											final Node node, final StringBuilder sb)
	{
		if(node.l != -1) walkInorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.l], sb);
		sb.append(" " + node.id);
		if(node.r != -1) walkInorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.r], sb);
	}

	private void walkPostorder(final int n, final Node[] nodes,
								final Node[] nodeMap, final Node[] childMap,
											final Node node, final StringBuilder sb)
	{
		if(node.l != -1) walkPostorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.l], sb);
		if(node.r != -1) walkPostorder(n, nodes, nodeMap, childMap, nodeMap[node.r], sb);
		sb.append(" " + node.id);
	}
}
class Node {
	public final int id;
	public final int l;
	public final int r;

	public Node(final int id, final int l, final int r)
	{
		this.id = id;
		this.l = l;
		this.r = r;
	}
}
class ContestScanner {
	BufferedReader reader;
	String[] line;
	int index;
	public ContestScanner() {
		reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	}

	public ContestScanner(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException {
		reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(filename)));
	}

	public static interface ICreator<T> {
		public T createFromToken(final ContestScanner scanner) throws IOException;
	}

	public static interface IArrayInitializer {
		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException;
	}

	public static interface IObjectInitializer<T> {
		public T initialValue(final ContestScanner scanner);
	}

	public static class ObjectArrayInitializer<T> implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected T[] arr;
		protected final IObjectInitializer<T> initializer;

		private ObjectArrayInitializer(T[] arr, final IObjectInitializer<T> initializer)
		{
			this.arr = arr;
			this.initializer = initializer;
		}

		public static <T> ObjectArrayInitializer<T> create(T[] arr, final IObjectInitializer<T> initializer)
		{
			return new ObjectArrayInitializer<T>(arr, initializer);
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = initializer.initialValue(scanner);
		}

		public T[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}


	public static class ByteArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected byte[] arr;

		private ByteArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new byte[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextByte();
		}

		public byte[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public static class ShortArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected short[] arr;

		private ShortArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new short[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextShort();
		}

		public short[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public static class IntArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected int[] arr;

		private IntArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new int[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextInt();
		}

		public int[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public static class LongArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected long[] arr;

		private LongArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new long[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextLong();
		}

		public long[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public static class FloatArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected float[] arr;

		private FloatArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new float[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextFloat();
		}

		public float[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public static class DoubleArrayInitializer implements IArrayInitializer {
		protected double[] arr;

		private DoubleArrayInitializer(final int n)
		{
			this.arr = new double[n];
		}

		public void initialize(final ContestScanner scanner, final int i) throws IOException {
			this.arr[i] = scanner.nextDouble();
		}

		public double[] getArray()
		{
			return this.arr;
		}
	}

	public String nextToken() throws IOException {
		if(line == null || index >= line.length)
		{
			line = reader.readLine().trim().split(" ");
			index = 0;
		}

		return line[index++];
	}

	public String next() throws IOException {
		return nextToken();
	}

	public String readLine() throws IOException {
		line = null;
		index = 0;

		return reader.readLine();
	}

	public byte nextByte() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Byte.parseByte(nextToken());
	}

	public short nextShort() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Short.parseShort(nextToken());
	}

	public int nextInt() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Integer.parseInt(nextToken());
	}

	public long nextLong() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Long.parseLong(nextToken());
	}

	public float nextFloat() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Float.parseFloat(nextToken());
	}

	public double nextDouble() throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return Double.parseDouble(nextToken());
	}

	public <T> T nextObject(final ICreator<T> creator) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		return creator.createFromToken(this);
	}

	public int[] nextIntArray(final int N) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		int[] result = new int[N];

		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) result[i] = nextInt();

		return result;
	}

	public long[] nextLongArray(final int N) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		long[] result = new long[N];

		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) result[i] = nextLong();

		return result;
	}

	public float[] nexFloatArray(final int N) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		float[] result = new float[N];

		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) result[i] = nextFloat();

		return result;
	}

	public double[] nexDoubleArray(final int N) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		double[] result = new double[N];

		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) result[i] = nextDouble();

		return result;
	}

	public <T> T[] nextObjectArray(T[] result, final ICreator<T> creator) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		for(int i=0, N=result.length; i < N; i++) result[i] = nextObject(creator);

		return result;
	}

	public <T> ArrayList<T> nextGenericObjectArrayList(final int N, final ICreator<T> creator) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		ArrayList<T> result = new ArrayList<T>();
		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) result.add(nextObject(creator));

		return result;
	}

	public void nextTable(final int N, IArrayInitializer... arrayInitializers) throws IOException, NumberFormatException {
		for(int i=0; i < N; i++) for(IArrayInitializer initializer: arrayInitializers)
		{
			initializer.initialize(this, i);
		}
	}
}