Problem:
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Single Source Shortest Path

For a given weighted graph $G = (V, E)$, find the shortest path from a source to each vertex. For each vertex $u$, print the total weight of edges on the shortest path from vertex $0$ to $u$.

Input

In the first line, an integer $n$ denoting the number of vertices in $G$ is given. In the following $n$ lines, adjacency lists for each vertex $u$ are respectively given in the following format:

$u$ $k$ $v_1$ $c_1$ $v_2$ $c_2$ ... $v_k$ $c_k$

Vertices in $G$ are named with IDs $0, 1, ..., n-1$. $u$ is ID of the target vertex and $k$ denotes its degree. $v_i (i = 1, 2, ... k)$ denote IDs of vertices adjacent to $u$ and $c_i$ denotes the weight of a directed edge connecting $u$ and $v_i$ (from $u$ to $v_i$).

Output

For each vertex, print its ID and the distance separated by a space character in a line respectively. Print in order of vertex IDs.

Constraints

$1 \leq n \leq 100$

$0 \leq c_i \leq 100,000$

$|E| \leq 10,000$

All vertices are reachable from vertex $0$

Sample Input 1

5
0 3 2 3 3 1 1 2
1 2 0 2 3 4
2 3 0 3 3 1 4 1
3 4 2 1 0 1 1 4 4 3
4 2 2 1 3 3

Sample Output 1

0 0
1 2
2 2
3 1
4 3

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in JAVA (judge verdict: Accepted)

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Iterator;

class Graph {
	private int totalVertex;
	//adjMatrix[u][v] = 1 if there is an edge from u to v, otherwise 0
	private int[][] adjMatrix;
	//adjWeight[u][v] -- the weight of the edge from u to v if there is one
	private int[][] adjWeight;
	//if a node is settled (e.g., processed in the Dijkstra's algorithm)
	private Boolean[] ifSettled;
	public Graph() { totalVertex = 0; }
	public int getTotalVertex() { return totalVertex; }
	//load graph from standard input
	public void loadAdjMatrix() {
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		totalVertex = in.nextInt();
		adjMatrix = new int[totalVertex][totalVertex];
		adjWeight = new int[totalVertex][totalVertex];
		ifSettled = new Boolean[totalVertex];
		int i, j;
		for(i = 0; i < totalVertex; i ++) {
			ifSettled[i] = false;
			for(j = 0; j < totalVertex; j ++) {
				adjMatrix[i][j] = adjWeight[i][j] = 0;
			}
		}
		int u, v;
		for(i = 0; i < totalVertex; i ++) {
			u = in.nextInt();
			int degree = in.nextInt();
			for(j = 0; j < degree; j ++) {
				v = in.nextInt(); 
				adjMatrix[u][v] = 1;
				adjWeight[u][v] = in.nextInt();
			}	
		}
		in.close();
	}
	//return weight of the edge from u to v if there is one
	public int getWeight(int u, int v) {
		return adjWeight[u][v];
	}
	//return neighbors of u as a LinkedList
	public LinkedList<Integer> getNeighbors(int u) {
		LinkedList<Integer> tmp = new LinkedList<Integer>();
		for(int v = 0; v < totalVertex; v ++) {
			if(adjMatrix[u][v] == 1) tmp.add(v);
		}
		return tmp;
	}
	//return unsettled neighbors of u as a LinkedList
	public LinkedList<Integer> getUnsettledNeighbors(int u) {
		LinkedList<Integer> tmp = new LinkedList<Integer>();
		for(int v = 0; v < totalVertex; v ++) {
			if((adjMatrix[u][v] == 1) && (ifSettled[v] == false)) tmp.add(v);
		}
		return tmp;
	}
	//return the unsettled node that has the smallest dist
	public int getUnsettledNearest(int[] dist) {
		int md = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
		int mv = -1;
		int v;
		for(v = 0; v < totalVertex; v ++) {
			if((ifSettled[v] == false) && (dist[v] < md)) {
				md = dist[v];
				mv = v;
			}
		}
		return mv;
	}
	//implement the following	
	public int[] Dijkstra(int s) {
		int [] D = new int[totalVertex];
		for(int i=0; i<totalVertex; i++){
			D[i] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
		}
		D[s] = 0;
		for(int i=0; i<totalVertex; i++){			
			ifSettled[s] = true;
//			if(D[s] == Integer.MAX_VALUE) return void; // unreachable
			LinkedList<Integer> UnsettleNeighbors = getUnsettledNeighbors(s);
			Iterator<Integer> it = UnsettleNeighbors.iterator();
			while(it.hasNext()){
				int v = it.next();
				if(D[v] > (D[s] + adjWeight[s][v]))
					D[v] = D[s] + adjWeight[s][v];
			}
			s = getUnsettledNearest(D);
		}		
		return D;
	}
}

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] argv) {
		Graph g = new Graph();
		g.loadAdjMatrix();
		int[] dist = g.Dijkstra(0);
		for(int i = 0; i < g.getTotalVertex(); i ++) {
			System.out.println(i + " " + dist[i]);
		}
	}
}