Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

We have a string X, which has an even number of characters. Half the characters are S, and the other half are T.

Takahashi, who hates the string ST, will perform the following operation 10^{10000} times:

Among the occurrences of ST in X as (contiguous) substrings, remove the leftmost one. If there is no occurrence, do nothing.

Find the eventual length of X.

Constraints

2 ≦ |X| ≦ 200,000

The length of X is even.

Half the characters in X are S, and the other half are T.

Partial Scores

In test cases worth 200 points, |X| ≦ 200.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

X

Output

Print the eventual length of X.

Sample Input 1

TSTTSS

Sample Output 1

4

In the 1-st operation, the 2-nd and 3-rd characters of TSTTSS are removed.
X becomes TTSS, and since it does not contain ST anymore, nothing is done in the remaining 10^{10000}-1 operations.
Thus, the answer is 4.

Sample Input 2

SSTTST

Sample Output 2

0

X will eventually become an empty string: SSTTST ⇒ STST ⇒ ST ⇒ ``.

Sample Input 3

TSSTTTSS

Sample Output 3

4

X will become: TSSTTTSS ⇒ TSTTSS ⇒ TTSS.

Solution in Haskell (GHC 7.10.3) (judge verdict: Accepted)

{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
import Control.Applicative
import Control.Monad
import Control.Monad.State
import Control.DeepSeq
import Data.Array
import Data.Bits
import Data.Char
import Data.Functor.Identity
import Data.List
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Ord
import Data.Tree
import Data.Tuple
import qualified System.IO
import qualified Data.Map as M
import qualified Data.Set as S
import qualified Data.Sequence as Q
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B

main = do
  s <- getLine
  print $ length $ foldl' go [] s

go [] c = [c]
go ('S':s) 'T' = s
go s c = c:s



 
type Z = Int
type Q = Rational
type R = Double
type S = String

fint :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b
fint = fromIntegral

getInt = fst . fromJust . B.readInt <$> B.getLine
getIntPair = (\[a,b]->(a,b)) <$> getInts
getInts = map (fst . fromJust . B.readInt) . B.words <$> B.getLine
getStr = B.unpack <$> B.getLine

yesNo :: Bool -> String
yesNo True = "Yes"
yesNo False = "No"

printList :: (Show a) => [a] -> IO ()
printList = putStrLn . unwords . map show

readLnList :: (Read a) => IO [a]
readLnList = map read . words <$> getLine


-----  Union-find
type UnionFindT v m a = StateT (M.Map v (UnionFindVal v)) m a
newtype UnionFindVal v = UnionFindVal v

runUnionFindT :: (Monad m) => UnionFindT v m a -> m a
runUnionFindT = flip evalStateT $ M.empty

runUnionFind = runIdentity . runUnionFindT

ufFresh :: (Monad m, Ord v) => v -> UnionFindT v m ()
ufFresh v = modify $ M.insert v (UnionFindVal v)

ufClass :: (Monad m, Ord v) => v -> UnionFindT v m v
ufClass v = do
  (UnionFindVal pv) <- gets (M.! v)
  if v == pv
    then return v
    else do
      c <- ufClass pv
      modify $ M.insert v (UnionFindVal c)
      return c

ufUnify v w = do
  cv <- ufClass v
  cw <- ufClass w
  modify $ M.insert cw (UnionFindVal cv)
  return $ cv /= cw