Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

In a flower bed, there are N flowers, numbered 1,2,......,N. Initially, the heights of all flowers are 0.
You are given a sequence h=\{h_1,h_2,h_3,......\} as input. You would like to change the height of Flower k to h_k for all k (1 \leq k \leq N), by repeating the following "watering" operation:

Specify integers l and r. Increase the height of Flower x by 1 for all x such that l \leq x \leq r.

Find the minimum number of watering operations required to satisfy the condition.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq h_i \leq 100

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
h_1 h_2 h_3 ...... h_N

Output

Print the minimum number of watering operations required to satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

4
1 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

The minimum number of watering operations required is 2.
One way to achieve it is:

Perform the operation with (l,r)=(1,3).

Perform the operation with (l,r)=(2,4).

Sample Input 2

5
3 1 2 3 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

8
4 23 75 0 23 96 50 100

Sample Output 3

221

Solution in Haskell (GHC 8.8.3) (judge verdict: Accepted)

import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as BS
import Data.Maybe

readInt = fst . fromJust . BS.readInt

readIntList = map readInt . BS.words

getInt = readInt <$> BS.getLine

getIntList = readIntList <$> BS.getLine

sep :: [Int] -> [Int] -> [[Int]]
sep [] ns = [ns]
sep (h : hs) ns
  | h == 0 = ns : sep hs []
  | otherwise = sep hs (h : ns)

calc :: [Int] -> Int
calc [] = 0
calc ls = lmin + sum (map (\ys -> calc ys) separated)
  where
    lmin = minimum ls
    separated = filter (\as -> as /= []) (sep (map (\x -> x - lmin) ls) [])

main = do
  n <- getInt
  hs <- getIntList
  print $ calc hs