Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

A positive integer X is said to be a lunlun number if and only if the following condition is satisfied:

In the base ten representation of X (without leading zeros), for every pair of two adjacent digits, the absolute difference of those digits is at most 1.

For example, 1234, 1, and 334 are lunlun numbers, while none of 31415, 119, or 13579 is.

You are given a positive integer K. Find the K-th smallest lunlun number.

Constraints

1 \leq K \leq 10^5

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

K

Output

Print the answer.

Sample Input 1

15

Sample Output 1

23

We will list the 15 smallest lunlun numbers in ascending order:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
21,
22,
23.

Thus, the answer is 23.

Sample Input 2

1

Sample Output 2

1

Sample Input 3

13

Sample Output 3

21

Sample Input 4

100000

Sample Output 4

3234566667

Note that the answer may not fit into the 32-bit signed integer type.

Solution in Go (1.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"unsafe"
)

const (
	maxBufSize = 1024 * 1024
)

var (
	sc = func() *bufio.Scanner {
		sc := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
		buf := make([]byte, 1)
		sc.Buffer(buf, maxBufSize)
		sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
		return sc
	}()
	out = bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
)


// tbl[n] が、n + 1 桁のるんるん数の昇順の配列
var tbl [][]int64
// n + 1 桁のるんるん数配列を生成する
func makeTbl(n int) {
	m := map[int64]int {}
	prev := tbl[n - 1]
	for _, p := range prev {
		pp := p
		for i := 1; i < n; i ++ {
			pp = pp / 10
		}
		ppp := pp
		for i := 0; i < n; i ++ {
			ppp = ppp * 10
		}
		ppp += p
		m[ppp] = 1
		if pp > 0 {
			ppp := pp -1
			for i := 0; i < n; i ++ {
				ppp = ppp * 10
			}
			ppp += p
			m[ppp] = 1
		}
		if pp < 9 {
			ppp := pp + 1
			for i := 0; i < n; i ++ {
				ppp = ppp * 10
			}
			ppp += p
			m[ppp] = 1
		}
	}
	ret := make([]int64, 0, len(m))
	for k, _ := range m {
		ret = append(ret, k)
	}
	Sort(ret, func(i, j int) bool { return ret[i] < ret[j] })
	tbl[n] = ret
}

var flatTbl []int64

func abs(v int64) int64 {
	if v < 0 {
		return -v
	}
	return v
}

func isHappy(v int64) bool {
	if v <= 12 {
		return true
	}
	if abs(v % 10 - v % 100 / 10) > 1 {
		return false
	}
	return isHappy(v / 10)
}

func main() {
	defer out.Flush()

	tbl = make([][]int64, 11)
	tbl[0] = []int64{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
	for i := 1; i < 11; i++ {
		makeTbl(i)
	}
	flatTbl = make([]int64, 0, 100000)
	minimum := int64(1)
	for i := 0; i < 11; i++ {
		for _, v := range tbl[i] {
			if v < minimum {
				continue
			}
			flatTbl = append(flatTbl, v)
			if len(flatTbl) >= 100000 {
				break
			}
		}
		if len(flatTbl) > 100000 {
			break
		}
		minimum *= 10
	}
	k := nextInt()
	fmt.Fprintln(out, flatTbl[k-1])
}

func next() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}

func nextStringAsBytes() []byte {
	sc.Scan()
	return []byte(sc.Text())
}

func nextInt() int64 {
	a, _ := strconv.ParseInt(next(), 10, 64)
	return a
}

func nextFloat() float64 {
	a, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(next(), 64)
	return a
}

func nextInts(n int64) []int64 {
	ret := make([]int64, n)
	for i := int64(0); i < n; i++ {
		ret[i] = nextInt()
	}
	return ret
}

func nextFloats(n int64) []float64 {
	ret := make([]float64, n)
	for i := int64(0); i < n; i++ {
		ret[i] = nextFloat()
	}
	return ret
}
func nextStrings(n int64) []string {
	ret := make([]string, n)
	for i := int64(0); i < n; i++ {
		ret[i] = next()
	}
	return ret
}

func containStr(arr []string, target string) bool {
	for _, v := range arr {
		if v == target {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

func PrintOut(src interface{}, joinner string) {
	switch reflect.TypeOf(src).Kind() {
	case reflect.Slice:
		s := reflect.ValueOf(src)
		for idx := 0; idx < s.Len(); idx++ {
			fmt.Fprintf(out, "%v", s.Index(idx))
			if idx < s.Len()-1 {
				fmt.Fprintf(out, "%s", joinner)
			} else {
				fmt.Fprintln(out)
			}
		}
	default:
		fmt.Fprintln(out, "orz")
	}
}

// mapからkeysとvaluesを返す
func splitKeyValue(m map[interface{}]interface{}) (keys, values []interface{}) {
	switch reflect.TypeOf(m).Kind() {
	case reflect.Map:
		s := reflect.ValueOf(m)
		for _, v := range s.MapKeys() {
			keys = append(keys, v)
			values = append(values, s.MapIndex(v))
		}
	default:
		fmt.Fprintln(out, "orz")
	}
	return
}

// =============================================================================

// Copyright 2017 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

// name of functions are changed

// The function panics if the provided interface is not a slice.
func Sort(slice interface{}, less func(i, j int) bool) {
	rv := reflect.ValueOf(slice)
	swap := _sort_Swapper(slice)
	length := rv.Len()
	_sort_quickSort_func(_sort_lessSwap{less, swap}, 0, length, _sort_maxDepth(length))
}

func _sort_maxDepth(n int) int {
	var depth int
	for i := n; i > 0; i >>= 1 {
		depth++
	}
	return depth * 2
}

type _sort_lessSwap struct {
	Less func(i, j int) bool
	Swap func(i, j int)
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:insertionSort
func _sort_insertionSort_func(data _sort_lessSwap, a, b int) {
	for i := a + 1; i < b; i++ {
		for j := i; j > a && data.Less(j, j-1); j-- {
			data.Swap(j, j-1)
		}
	}
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:siftDown
func _sort_siftDown_func(data _sort_lessSwap, lo, hi, first int) {
	root := lo
	for {
		child := 2*root + 1
		if child >= hi {
			break
		}
		if child+1 < hi && data.Less(first+child, first+child+1) {
			child++
		}
		if !data.Less(first+root, first+child) {
			return
		}
		data.Swap(first+root, first+child)
		root = child
	}
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:heapSort
func _sort_heapSort_func(data _sort_lessSwap, a, b int) {
	first := a
	lo := 0
	hi := b - a
	for i := (hi - 1) / 2; i >= 0; i-- {
		_sort_siftDown_func(data, i, hi, first)
	}
	for i := hi - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		data.Swap(first, first+i)
		_sort_siftDown_func(data, lo, i, first)
	}
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:medianOfThree
func _sort_medianOfThree_func(data _sort_lessSwap, m1, m0, m2 int) {
	if data.Less(m1, m0) {
		data.Swap(m1, m0)
	}
	if data.Less(m2, m1) {
		data.Swap(m2, m1)
		if data.Less(m1, m0) {
			data.Swap(m1, m0)
		}
	}
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:doPivot
func _sort_doPivot_func(data _sort_lessSwap, lo, hi int) (midlo, midhi int) {
	m := int(uint(lo+hi) >> 1)
	if hi-lo > 40 {
		s := (hi - lo) / 8
		_sort_medianOfThree_func(data, lo, lo+s, lo+2*s)
		_sort_medianOfThree_func(data, m, m-s, m+s)
		_sort_medianOfThree_func(data, hi-1, hi-1-s, hi-1-2*s)
	}
	_sort_medianOfThree_func(data, lo, m, hi-1)
	pivot := lo
	a, c := lo+1, hi-1
	for ; a < c && data.Less(a, pivot); a++ {
	}
	b := a
	for {
		for ; b < c && !data.Less(pivot, b); b++ {
		}
		for ; b < c && data.Less(pivot, c-1); c-- {
		}
		if b >= c {
			break
		}
		data.Swap(b, c-1)
		b++
		c--
	}
	protect := hi-c < 5
	if !protect && hi-c < (hi-lo)/4 {
		dups := 0
		if !data.Less(pivot, hi-1) {
			data.Swap(c, hi-1)
			c++
			dups++
		}
		if !data.Less(b-1, pivot) {
			b--
			dups++
		}
		if !data.Less(m, pivot) {
			data.Swap(m, b-1)
			b--
			dups++
		}
		protect = dups > 1
	}
	if protect {
		for {
			for ; a < b && !data.Less(b-1, pivot); b-- {
			}
			for ; a < b && data.Less(a, pivot); a++ {
			}
			if a >= b {
				break
			}
			data.Swap(a, b-1)
			a++
			b--
		}
	}
	data.Swap(pivot, b-1)
	return b - 1, c
}

// Auto-generated variant of sort.go:quickSort
func _sort_quickSort_func(data _sort_lessSwap, a, b, maxDepth int) {
	for b-a > 12 {
		if maxDepth == 0 {
			_sort_heapSort_func(data, a, b)
			return
		}
		maxDepth--
		mlo, mhi := _sort_doPivot_func(data, a, b)
		if mlo-a < b-mhi {
			_sort_quickSort_func(data, a, mlo, maxDepth)
			a = mhi
		} else {
			_sort_quickSort_func(data, mhi, b, maxDepth)
			b = mlo
		}
	}
	if b-a > 1 {
		for i := a + 6; i < b; i++ {
			if data.Less(i, i-6) {
				data.Swap(i, i-6)
			}
		}
		_sort_insertionSort_func(data, a, b)
	}
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

func _sort_Swapper(slice interface{}) func(i, j int) {
	v := reflect.ValueOf(slice)
	vdata := v.Pointer()
	vlen := v.Len()
	vcap := v.Cap()

	sz := int(v.Type().Elem().Size())

	// for typical small elements
	switch sz {
	case 24: // for slice
		var s [][3]int64
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	case 16: // for string
		var s [][2]int64
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	case 8:
		var s []int64
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	case 4:
		var s []int32
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	case 2:
		var s []int16
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	case 1:
		var s []int8
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen
		h.Cap = vcap
		return func(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
	}

	// for large elements
	if sz%16 == 0 {
		m := sz / 16
		var s [][2]int64
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen * m
		h.Cap = vcap * m
		return func(i, j int) {
			for k := 0; k < m; k++ {
				ri := i*m + k
				rj := j*m + k
				s[ri], s[rj] = s[rj], s[ri]
			}
		}
	}
	if sz%8 == 0 {
		m := sz / 8
		var s []int64
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen * m
		h.Cap = vcap * m
		return func(i, j int) {
			for k := 0; k < m; k++ {
				ri := i*m + k
				rj := j*m + k
				s[ri], s[rj] = s[rj], s[ri]
			}
		}
	}
	if sz%4 == 0 {
		m := sz / 4
		var s []int32
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen * m
		h.Cap = vcap * m
		return func(i, j int) {
			for k := 0; k < m; k++ {
				ri := i*m + k
				rj := j*m + k
				s[ri], s[rj] = s[rj], s[ri]
			}
		}
	}
	if sz%2 == 0 {
		m := sz / 2
		var s []int16
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen * m
		h.Cap = vcap * m
		return func(i, j int) {
			for k := 0; k < m; k++ {
				ri := i*m + k
				rj := j*m + k
				s[ri], s[rj] = s[rj], s[ri]
			}
		}
	} else {
		m := sz
		var s []int8
		h := (*reflect.SliceHeader)(unsafe.Pointer(&s))
		h.Data = vdata
		h.Len = vlen * m
		h.Cap = vcap * m
		return func(i, j int) {
			for k := 0; k < m; k++ {
				ri := i*m + k
				rj := j*m + k
				s[ri], s[rj] = s[rj], s[ri]
			}
		}
	}
}

// =============================================================================