Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. Every stone is painted white or black.
A string S represents the color of the stones. The i-th stone from the left is white if the i-th character of S is ., and the stone is black if the character is #.

Takahashi wants to change the colors of some stones to black or white so that there will be no white stone immediately to the right of a black stone.
Find the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

S is a string of length N consisting of . and #.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Sample Input 1

3
#.#

Sample Output 1

1

It is enough to change the color of the first stone to white.

Sample Input 2

5
#.##.

Sample Output 2

2

Sample Input 3

9
.........

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in Go (1.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

func getNextLine(scanner *bufio.Reader) string {
	var buffer string
	for {
		line, isPrefix, _ := scanner.ReadLine()
		buffer += string(line)
		if isPrefix == false {
			break
		}
	}
	return buffer
}

func getIntList(scanner *bufio.Reader) []int {
	list := strings.Split(getNextLine(scanner), " ")
	l := len(list)
	result := make([]int, l)
	for i := 0; i < l; i++ {
		result[i], _ = strconv.Atoi(list[i])
	}
	return result
}

func main() {
	fp := os.Stdin
	if len(os.Args) > 1 {
		fp, _ = os.Open(os.Args[1])
	}

	scanner := bufio.NewReader(fp)

	var n int
	var s string
	fmt.Sscan(getNextLine(scanner), &n)
	fmt.Sscan(getNextLine(scanner), &s)
	min := n
	sums := make([]int, n+1)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		sums[i+1] = sums[i]
		if s[i] == '#' {
			sums[i+1]++
		}
	}
	for i := 0; i <= n; i++ {
		sum := sums[i] + (n - i) - (sums[n] - sums[i])
		if sum < min {
			min = sum
		}
	}
	fmt.Println(min)
}