Problem:
Score: 400 points

Problem Statement

Amidakuji is a traditional method of lottery in Japan.

To make an amidakuji, we first draw W parallel vertical lines, and then draw horizontal lines that connect them. The length of each vertical line is H+1 [cm], and the endpoints of the horizontal lines must be at 1, 2, 3, ..., or H [cm] from the top of a vertical line.

A valid amidakuji is an amidakuji that satisfies the following conditions:

No two horizontal lines share an endpoint.

The two endpoints of each horizontal lines must be at the same height.

A horizontal line must connect adjacent vertical lines.

Find the number of the valid amidakuji that satisfy the following condition, modulo 1\ 000\ 000\ 007: if we trace the path from the top of the leftmost vertical line to the bottom, always following horizontal lines when we encounter them, we reach the bottom of the K-th vertical line from the left.

For example, in the following amidakuji, we will reach the bottom of the fourth vertical line from the left.

Constraints

H is an integer between 1 and 100 (inclusive).

W is an integer between 1 and 8 (inclusive).

K is an integer between 1 and W (inclusive).

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

H W K

Output

Print the number of the amidakuji that satisfy the condition, modulo 1\ 000\ 000\ 007.

Sample Input 1

1 3 2

Sample Output 1

1

Only the following one amidakuji satisfies the condition:

Sample Input 2

1 3 1

Sample Output 2

2

Only the following two amidakuji satisfy the condition:

Sample Input 3

2 3 3

Sample Output 3

1

Only the following one amidakuji satisfies the condition:

Sample Input 4

2 3 1

Sample Output 4

5

Only the following five amidakuji satisfy the condition:

Sample Input 5

7 1 1

Sample Output 5

1

As there is only one vertical line, we cannot draw any horizontal lines. Thus, there is only one amidakuji that satisfies the condition: the amidakuji with no horizontal lines.

Sample Input 6

15 8 5

Sample Output 6

437760187

Be sure to print the answer modulo 1\ 000\ 000\ 007.

Solution in Go (1.6) (judge verdict: Accepted)

// https://atcoder.jp/contests/abc113/tasks/abc113_d

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
)

// d: debug IO. it can print debug in test.
func solve(io *Io, d *Io) {
	H := io.NextInt()
	W := io.NextInt()
	K := io.NextInt()

	// H-1 における各点での個数があれば H における各点での個数も求まる → DP

	// dp[h][w]: 高さ h で w (0..W-1) にたどり着く個数
	dp := make([][]int, H+1)
	for i := range dp {
		dp[i] = make([]int, W)
	}
	dp[0][0] = 1

	for i := 1; i <= H; i++ {
		for j := 0; j < W; j++ {
			// W-1 個の bit を用意し、 k(0~W-2) と k+1 を結ぶかどうかを表す
			for k := 0; k < 1<<uint(W-1); k++ {
				ng := false
				// W-1 個の bit のうち連続して立っているものがあれば ng
				for cur := 0; cur < W-2; cur++ {
					next := cur + 1

					// 下から cur (0..) 桁とそのもう一つ上の桁の比較
					if (k>>uint(cur))&1&(k>>uint(next))&1 == 1 {
						ng = true
					}
				}

				if ng {
					continue
				}

				if j >= 1 && k>>uint(W-j-1)&1 == 1 {
					// j の左側が結ばれているケース
					// bit の左から j-1 個目 (0-index) が立っているかどうかを見る
					// これは右から (W-1)-1 - (j-1) = W-j-1個目 (0-index). bit の要素数は W-1 であることに注意
					dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][j-1]
				} else if j < W-1 && k>>uint(W-j-2)&1 == 1 {
					// j の右側が結ばれているケース
					// bit の左から j 個目 (0-index) が立っているかどうかを見る
					// これは右から (W-1)-1 - j = W-j-2個目 (0-index)
					dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][j+1]
				} else {
					dp[i][j] += dp[i-1][j]
				}

				dp[i][j] %= MOD
			}
		}
	}

	io.Println(dp[H][K-1])
}

func main() {
	io := NewIo()
	defer io.Flush()
	solve(io, nil)
}

/* IO Helpers */

// Io combines reader, writer, & tokens as the state when processing the input
type Io struct {
	reader    *bufio.Reader
	writer    *bufio.Writer
	tokens    []string
	nextToken int
}

// NewIo creates Io with Stdin & Stdout
func NewIo() *Io {
	return &Io{
		reader: bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin),
		writer: bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout),
	}
}

// Flush calls the writer's Flush
func (io *Io) Flush() {
	io.writer.Flush()
}

// NextLine returns the string from reader.ReadLine()
func (io *Io) NextLine() string {
	if io.nextToken < len(io.tokens) {
		panic("io.nextToken < len(io.tokens)")
	}

	var buffer bytes.Buffer

	for {
		line, isPrefix, err := io.reader.ReadLine()
		if err != nil {
			panic(err)
		}
		buffer.Write(line)
		if !isPrefix {
			break
		}
	}

	return buffer.String()
}

// NextLines returns []string from next n lines
func (io *Io) NextLines(n int) []string {
	res := make([]string, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = io.NextLine()
	}
	return res
}

// Next returns the string token (partial string of the line divided by spaces)
func (io *Io) Next() string {
	if io.nextToken >= len(io.tokens) {
		line := io.NextLine()
		io.tokens = strings.Fields(line)
		io.nextToken = 0
	}

	res := io.tokens[io.nextToken]
	io.nextToken++
	return res
}

// NextStrings returns the []string from the next n tokens
func (io *Io) NextStrings(n int) []string {
	res := make([]string, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = io.Next()
	}
	return res
}

// NextInt returns the int from the next token
func (io *Io) NextInt() int {
	res, err := strconv.Atoi(io.Next())
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return res
}

// NextInts returns the []int from the next n tokens
func (io *Io) NextInts(n int) []int {
	res := make([]int, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = io.NextInt()
	}
	return res
}

// NextFloat returns the float64 from the next token
func (io *Io) NextFloat() float64 {
	res, err := strconv.ParseFloat(io.Next(), 64)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return res
}

// NextFloats returns the []float64 from the next n tokens
func (io *Io) NextFloats(n int) []float64 {
	res := make([]float64, n)
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		res[i] = io.NextFloat()
	}
	return res
}

// Println prints the input to the writer in an easy-to-see form
func (io *Io) Println(a ...interface{}) {
	var values []string
	for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
		values = append(values, "%v")
	}
	io.Printfln(strings.Join(values, " "), a...)
}

// Print calls Fprint to the writer
func (io *Io) Print(a interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprint(io.writer, a)
}

// Printfln calls Fprint to the writer
func (io *Io) Printfln(format string, a ...interface{}) {
	fmt.Fprintf(io.writer, format+"\n", a...)
}

// Debug calls Println and Flush immediately
func (io *Io) Debug(a ...interface{}) {
	if io == nil {
		return
	}

	io.Println(a...)
	io.Flush()
}

/* Math Helpers */

// MOD is 10^9 + 7
const MOD = 1000000007

// Max of the ints
func Max(numbers ...int) int {
	max := numbers[0]
	for i, number := range numbers {
		if i == 0 {
			continue
		}
		if number > max {
			max = number
		}
	}
	return max
}

// Min of the ints
func Min(numbers ...int) int {
	max := numbers[0]
	for i, number := range numbers {
		if i == 0 {
			continue
		}
		if max > number {
			max = number
		}
	}
	return max
}

// DigitSum returns sum of the int's digits
func DigitSum(n int) int {
	if n < 0 {
		return -1
	}

	res := 0

	for n > 0 {
		res += n % 10
		n /= 10
	}

	return res
}

// Sum of the ints
func Sum(numbers ...int) int {
	sum := 0

	for _, number := range numbers {
		sum += number
	}

	return sum
}

// Pow calculates the pow for int with O(log e)
func Pow(a, e int) int {
	if a < 0 || e < 0 {
		panic(fmt.Sprintf("Pow was called for a < 0 or e < 0, a: %d, e: %d", a, e))
	}

	if e == 0 {
		return 1
	}

	if e%2 == 0 {
		half := Pow(a, e/2)
		return half * half
	}

	return a * Pow(a, e-1)
}

// Abs returns the absolute value of the input
func Abs(a int) int {
	if a < 0 {
		return -a
	}

	return a
}

/* Structure Helpers */

// Set is orderless List
type Set map[interface{}]struct{}

// NewSet returns empty Set
func NewSet() *Set {
	return &Set{}
}

// Add the value to the set
func (set *Set) Add(value interface{}) {
	(*set)[value] = struct{}{}
}

// Includes check the set has the value
func (set *Set) Includes(value interface{}) bool {
	_, included := (*set)[value]
	return included
}

// Remove deletes the value from the set if exists
func (set *Set) Remove(value interface{}) {
	if !set.Includes(value) {
		return
	}

	delete(*set, value)
}

// ImmutableSort returns sorted slice without mutating original one
func ImmutableSort(slice []int) []int {
	res := make([]int, len(slice))
	copy(res, slice)
	sort.Ints(res)
	return res
}

/* Util helpers */

// Ternary is like `cond ? a : b`. should assert the returned value like `Ternary(cond, a, b).(int)`
func Ternary(cond bool, a, b interface{}) interface{} {
	if cond {
		return a
	}

	return b
}

// TernaryInt uses Ternary and assert the value as int
func TernaryInt(cond bool, a, b int) int {
	return Ternary(cond, a, b).(int)
}

// TernaryString uses Ternary and assert the value as string
func TernaryString(cond bool, a, b string) string {
	return Ternary(cond, a, b).(string)
}