Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in Go (1.6) (judge verdict: Runtime Error)

package main
 
import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"strconv"
)
 
func run() {
	n := nextInt()
	
	v := make([]int, 0)
	l := make([]int, 0)
	
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		v = append(v, nextInt())
	}

	answer := 0
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		if(i == 0){ 
			l = append(l, v[i])
		}else{
			if(l[i-1] <= v[i] ){
				l = append(l, v[i])
			}else{
				l = append(l, l[i-1] - v[i])
			}
		}	
	} 	
	
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
		answer += l[i]
	}
	
	Println(answer)
}
 
// --- template ---
// Thanks https://gist.github.com/halllllll/853ab587fd82ee3ffe6f7fb7fb499695
 
var sc = bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
var out = bufio.NewWriter(os.Stdout)
 
// Caution: You will get unexpected result if a single token is larger than this size.
const BufferSize = 64 * 1024 * 1024
 
func Print(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
	return fmt.Fprint(out, a...)
}
 
func Printf(format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
	return fmt.Fprintf(out, format, a...)
}
 
func Println(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {
	return fmt.Fprintln(out, a...)
}
 
func next() string {
	sc.Scan()
	return sc.Text()
}
 
func nextInt() int {
	a, err := strconv.Atoi(next())
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return a
}
 
func nextFloat() float64 {
	a, err := strconv.ParseFloat(next(), 64)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return a
}
 
func main() {
	sc.Buffer(make([]byte, 0, BufferSize), BufferSize)
	sc.Split(bufio.ScanWords)
	run()
	out.Flush()
}