Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C# (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;

namespace ALDS1_5_B_mergesort_
{
    class Program
    {
        static int count;


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
           int n = getint(null);
            var S = getsplit();
            var A = Array.ConvertAll(S, int.Parse);
            mergesort(A, 0, n);
            for (int i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
            {
                Console.Write(A[i]+" ");
            }
            Console.WriteLine(A[n-1]);
            Console.WriteLine(count);
        }
        static void merge(int[] A,int left,int mid ,int right)
        {
            int n1 = mid - left;
            int n2 = right - mid;
            var L = new int[n1 + 1];
            var R = new int[n2 + 1];
            int i;
            for (i = 0; i < n1; i++)
            {
                L[i] = A[left + i];
            }
            for (i = 0; i < n2; i++)
            {
                R[i] = A[mid + i];
            }
            L[n1] = int.MaxValue;
            R[n2] = int.MaxValue;
            i = 0;
            int j = 0;
            for (int k = left; k < right; k++)
            {
                if (L[i]<=R[j])
                {
                    A[k] = L[i];
                    i = i + 1;
                }
                else
                {
                    A[k] = R[j];
                    j = j + 1;
                }
                count++;
            }
        } 
        static void mergesort(int[] A,int left,int right)
        {
            if (left+1<right)
            {
               int mid =(left + right) / 2;
                mergesort(A, left, mid);
                mergesort(A, mid, right);
                merge(A, left, mid, right);
            }
        }

        public static string[] getsplit()
        {
            string[] x = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ');
            return x;
        }
        public static int getint(string a)
        {
            if (a == null || a.Length == 0)
            {
                int x = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
                return x;
            }
            else
            {
                int x = int.Parse(a);
                return x;
            }
        }

    }
}