Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using static CS_Contest.Utils;
using System.Numerics;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using Nakov.IO;
using static Nakov.IO.Cin;

//using static CS_Contest.Library;

namespace CS_Contest {
	using Li = List<int>;
	using LLi = List<List<int>>;
	using Ll = List<long>;

	internal class Program {
		private static void Main(string[] args) {
			var sw = new StreamWriter(OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false };
			SetOut(sw);
			new Calc().Solve();
			Out.Flush();
		}
		
		public class Calc {
			enum Cond {
				UE,
				SITA,
				WAKARAN
			}

			public void Solve() {
				int N = NextInt();
				int cnt = 0;

				var A = IntList();

				if (N == 1) { 1.WL();return; }

				Func<int, int, Cond> getDirection = (x, y) => {
					return  A[x] < A[y] ? Cond.UE : A[x] == A[y] ? Cond.WAKARAN : Cond.SITA;
				};

				Cond cond = getDirection(0, 1);


				for (int i = 1; i < N-1; i++) {
					switch (cond) {
						case Cond.UE:
							if (A[i] > A[i + 1]) {
								cond = Cond.WAKARAN;
								cnt++;
							}
							break;
						case Cond.SITA:
							if (A[i] < A[i + 1]) {
								cond = Cond.WAKARAN;
								cnt++;
							}
							break;
						case Cond.WAKARAN:
							cond = getDirection(i, i + 1);
							break;
						default:
							break;
					}
				}
				cnt++;
				cnt.WL();

				return;
			}

		}
	}

	public static class Utils {
		public static long ModValue = (long)1e9 + 7;
		public static long INF = long.MaxValue;

		public static long Mod(long x) => x % ModValue;

		public static long ModPow(long x, long n) {
			long tmp = 1; while (n != 0) { if (n % 2 == 1) { tmp = Mod(tmp * x); } x = Mod(x * x); n /= 2; }
			return tmp;
		}

		public static long DivMod(long x, long y) => Mod(x * ModPow(y, (long)(1e9 + 5)));

		public static void WL(this object obj) => WriteLine(obj);

		public static void WL(this string obj) => WriteLine(obj);

		public static void WL<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list) => list.ToList().ForEach(x => x.WL());

		public static Li IntList() => ReadLine().Split().Select(int.Parse).ToList();
		public static Ll LongList() => ReadLine().Split().Select(long.Parse).ToList();

		public static string StringJoin<T>(this IEnumerable<T> l, string separator = "") => string.Join(separator, l);

		public static long GCD(long m, long n) {
			long tmp;
			if (m < n) { tmp = n; n = m; m = tmp; }
			while (m % n != 0) {
				tmp = n;
				n = m % n;
				m = tmp;
			}
			return n;
		}

		public static long LCM(long m, long n) => m * (n / GCD(m, n));

		public static void REP(int n, Action<int> act) {
			for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				act(i);
			}
		}

		public static IEnumerable<int> ToImos(this IEnumerable<int> ie) {
			var s = 0;
			List<int> rt = new Li();
			foreach (var item in ie) {
				s += item;
				rt.Add(s);
			}
			return rt;
		} 

		public static void ForeachWithIndex<T>(IEnumerable<T> ie,Action<int,T> action) {
			int i = 0;
			foreach (var item in ie) {
				action(i, item);
				i++;
			}
		}


		public static int ManhattanDistance(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) => Abs(x2 - x1) + Abs(y2 - y1);



		public static Queue<T> ToQueue<T>(this IEnumerable<T> iEnumerable) {
			var rt = new Queue<T>();
			foreach (var item in iEnumerable) {
				rt.Enqueue(item);
			}
			return rt;
		}




		public static Dictionary<TKey,int> CountUp<TKey>(this IEnumerable<TKey> l) {
			var dic = new Dictionary<TKey, int>();
			foreach (var item in l) {
				if (dic.ContainsKey(item)) dic[item]++;
				else dic.Add(item, 1);
			}
			return dic;
		}


		public static int Count<T>(this IEnumerable<T> l, T target) => l.Count(x => x.Equals(target));

		public static int UpperBound<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list,T target) where T : IComparable {
			var idx=list.ToList().BinarySearch(target);
			idx = idx < 0 ? ~idx : (idx+1);
			return Min(idx, list.Count());
		}

		public static int LowerBound<T>(this IEnumerable<T> list, T target) where T : IComparable {
			var idx = list.ToList().BinarySearch(target);
			idx = idx < 0 ? ~idx : idx;
			return Max(0, idx - 1);
		}

	}

}
namespace Nakov.IO {
	using System;
	using System.Text;
	using System.Globalization;

	public static class Cin {
		public static string NextToken() {
			StringBuilder tokenChars = new StringBuilder();
			bool tokenFinished = false;
			bool skipWhiteSpaceMode = true;
			while (!tokenFinished) {
				int nextChar = Console.Read();
				if (nextChar == -1) {
					tokenFinished = true;
				} else {
					char ch = (char)nextChar;
					if (char.IsWhiteSpace(ch)) {
						if (!skipWhiteSpaceMode) {
							tokenFinished = true;
							if (ch == '\r' && (Environment.NewLine == "\r\n")) {
								Console.Read();
							}
						}
					} else {
						skipWhiteSpaceMode = false;
						tokenChars.Append(ch);
					}
				}
			}

			string token = tokenChars.ToString();
			return token;
		}

		public static int NextInt() {
			string token = Cin.NextToken();
			return int.Parse(token);
		}
		public static long NextLong() {
			string token = Cin.NextToken();
			return long.Parse(token);
		}
		public static double NextDouble(bool acceptAnyDecimalSeparator = true) {
			string token = Cin.NextToken();
			if (acceptAnyDecimalSeparator) {
				token = token.Replace(',', '.');
				double result = double.Parse(token, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
				return result;
			} else {
				double result = double.Parse(token);
				return result;
			}
		}
		public static decimal NextDecimal(bool acceptAnyDecimalSeparator = true) {
			string token = Cin.NextToken();
			if (acceptAnyDecimalSeparator) {
				token = token.Replace(',', '.');
				decimal result = decimal.Parse(token, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
				return result;
			} else {
				decimal result = decimal.Parse(token);
				return result;
			}
		}

	}
}