Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

Takahashi's house has only one socket.

Takahashi wants to extend it with some number of power strips, each with A sockets, into B or more empty sockets.

One power strip with A sockets can extend one empty socket into A empty sockets.

Find the minimum number of power strips required.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq A \leq 20

1 \leq B \leq 20

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B

Output

Print the minimum number of power strips required.

Sample Input 1

4 10

Sample Output 1

3

3 power strips, each with 4 sockets, extend the socket into 10 empty sockets.

Sample Input 2

8 9

Sample Output 2

2

2 power strips, each with 8 sockets, extend the socket into 15 empty sockets.

Sample Input 3

8 8

Sample Output 3

1

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

namespace AtCoder
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using static System.Console;
    using static System.Math;
    using static Util;

    class AtCoder
    {
        /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
        void Solve()
        {
            int A, B;
            io.i(out A, out B);
            A--;
            B--;
            var ans = (B / A) + (B % A == 0 ? 0 : 1);
            WriteLine(ans);
        }

        /*------------------------------------------------------------------*/
        void Test()
        {
            //--- TEST ---//
        }

        public static void Main(string[] args) => new AtCoder().Stream();
        IO io = new IO();

        private void Stream()
        {
            /*
            var exStdIn = new System.IO.StreamReader("stdin.txt");
            SetIn(exStdIn);
            Test();
            */
            Solve();
            io.Flush();
        }
    }

    class IO
    {
        #region INPUT

        #region FastRead

        private const int Size = 1 << 12;
        private readonly Stream _stream = OpenStandardInput();
        private readonly byte[] _buffer = new byte[Size];
        private int _ptr = 0, _buffLen = 0;

        private bool HasNextByte()
        {
            if (_ptr < _buffLen) return true;
            _ptr = 0;
            _buffLen = _stream.Read(_buffer, 0, Size);
            return _buffLen > 0;
        }

        private byte ReadByte()
        {
            if (HasNextByte()) return _buffer[_ptr++];
            else
                //inputの末尾の改行がないとerror
                throw new EndOfStreamException();
        }

        private bool IsAscii(int c) => '!' <= c && c <= '~';

        private char NextChar()
        {
            var b = ReadByte();
            while (!IsAscii(b)) b = ReadByte();
            return (char) b;
        }

        private string Next()
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (var b = NextChar(); IsAscii(b); b = (char) ReadByte()) sb.Append(b);
            return sb.ToString();
        }

        public string String => Next();
        public char Char => NextChar();
        public int Int => int.Parse(Next());
        public long Long => long.Parse(Next());
        public double Double => double.Parse(Next());

        #endregion

        #region LazyRead

        private void scan<T>(ref T x)
        {
            if (x is int) __refvalue(__makeref(x), int) = int.Parse(Next());
            else if (x is long) __refvalue(__makeref(x), long) = long.Parse(Next());
            else if (x is double) __refvalue(__makeref(x), double) = double.Parse(Next());
            else if (x is char) __refvalue(__makeref(x), char) = NextChar();
            else __refvalue(__makeref(x), string) = Next();
        }

        public void i<T>(out T t)
        {
            t = default(T);
            scan(ref t);
        }

        public void i<T, TU>(out T t, out TU u)
        {
            i(out t);
            i(out u);
        }

        public void i<T, TU, TV>(out T t, out TU u, out TV v)
        {
            i(out t, out u);
            i(out v);
        }

        public void i<T, TU, TV, TW>(out T t, out TU u, out TV v, out TW w)
        {
            i(out t, out u);
            i(out v, out w);
        }

        public void i<T, TU, TV, TW, TX>(out T t, out TU u, out TV v, out TW w, out TX x)
        {
            i(out t, out u, out v);
            i(out w, out x);
        }

        public void i<T, TU, TV, TW, TX, TY>(out T t, out TU u, out TV v, out TW w, out TX x, out TY y)
        {
            i(out t, out u, out v);
            i(out w, out x, out y);
        }

        public void ini<T>(out T[] a, int n)
        {
            a = new T[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) i<T>(out a[i]);
        }

        public void ini<T, TU>(out T[] a, out TU[] b, int n)
        {
            a = new T[n];
            b = new TU[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) i<T, TU>(out a[i], out b[i]);
        }

        public void ini<T, TU, TV>(out T[] a, out TU[] b, out TV[] c, int n)
        {
            a = new T[n];
            b = new TU[n];
            c = new TV[n];
            for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i) i<T, TU, TV>(out a[i], out b[i], out c[i]);
        }

        public void ini<T>(out T[,] a, int h, int w)
        {
            a = new T[h, w];
            for (int i = 0; i < h; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j)
                i<T>(out a[i, j]);
        }

        #endregion

        #endregion

        #region OUTPUT

        private readonly StreamWriter _sw = new StreamWriter(OpenStandardOutput())
        {
#if DEBUG
            AutoFlush = true
#else
        AutoFlush = false
#endif
        };

        public void Flush() => Out.Flush();
        public void YN(bool f) => yn(f, "YES", "NO");
        public void Yn(bool f) => yn(f, "Yes", "No");
        public void yn(bool f, string y = "yes", string n = "no") => WriteLine(f ? y : n);

        #endregion

        public IO()
        {
            SetOut(_sw);
        }
    }

    static class Util
    {
        public static IEnumerable<TResult> ZIP<T1, T2, TResult>(IEnumerable<T1> xs, IEnumerable<T2> ys,
            Func<T1, T2, TResult> f = null)
        {
            using (var e1 = xs.GetEnumerator())
            using (var e2 = ys.GetEnumerator())
                while (e1.MoveNext() && e2.MoveNext())
                    yield return f(e1.Current, e2.Current);
        }

        public static IEnumerable<Tuple<T1, T2>> ZIP<T1, T2>(IEnumerable<T1> xs, IEnumerable<T2> ys)
            => ZIP(xs, ys, (x, y) => new Tuple<T1, T2>(x, y));

        public static IEnumerable<TResult> ZIP<T1, T2, T3, TResult>(IEnumerable<T1> xs, IEnumerable<T2> ys,
            IEnumerable<T3> zs, Func<T1, T2, T3, TResult> f)
        {
            using (var e1 = xs.GetEnumerator())
            using (var e2 = ys.GetEnumerator())
            using (var e3 = zs.GetEnumerator())
                while (e1.MoveNext() && e2.MoveNext() && e3.MoveNext())
                    yield return f(e1.Current, e2.Current, e3.Current);
        }

        public static IEnumerable<Tuple<T1, T2, T3>> ZIP<T1, T2, T3>(IEnumerable<T1> xs, IEnumerable<T2> ys,
            IEnumerable<T3> zs) => ZIP(xs, ys, zs, (x, y, z) => new Tuple<T1, T2, T3>(x, y, z));
    }
}