Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N.
Among its subsequences, count the ones such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7. Two subsequences are considered different if their characters come from different positions in the string, even if they are the same as strings.

Here, a subsequence of a string is a concatenation of one or more characters from the string without changing the order.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 100000

S consists of lowercase English letters.

|S|=N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the number of the subsequences such that all characters are different, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

4
abcd

Sample Output 1

15

Since all characters in S itself are different, all its subsequences satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

3
baa

Sample Output 2

5

The answer is five: b, two occurrences of a, two occurrences of ba. Note that we do not count baa, since it contains two as.

Sample Input 3

5
abcab

Sample Output 3

17

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

// A - Colorful Subsequence
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
class Z { static void Main() => new K(); }
class K
{
	int F => int.Parse(Str);
	long FL => long.Parse(Str);
	int[] G => Strs.Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
	decimal[] GD => Strs.Select(decimal.Parse).ToArray();
	long[] GL => Strs.Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
	string Str => ReadLine();
	string[] Strs => Str.Split(new char[] { ' ', '\t' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
	static T[] ConstantArray<T>(int n, T val) { var a = new T[n]; for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = val; return a; }
	static T[] MakeArray<T>(int n, Func<int, T> f) { var a = new T[n]; for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = f(i); return a; }
	const int MOD = 1000000007;
	public K()
	{
		SetOut(new StreamWriter(OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false });
		Solve();
		Out.Flush();
	}
	void Solve()
	{
		var N = F;
		var S = Str;
		var cnt = new int[26];
		foreach (var c in S) cnt[c - 'a']++;
		var icnt = new long[26];
		for (var i = 0; i < 26; i++) icnt[i] = cnt[i] == 0 ? 0 : Inverse(cnt[i], MOD);
		var sum = 0L;
		var lim = 1u << 26;
		var G = 0u;
		var prod = 1L;
		var zero = 0;
		for (var i = 1u; i < lim; i++)
		{
			var Gnext = i ^ (i >> 1);
			var f = Gnext > G;
			var k = MSB(G ^ Gnext);
			G = Gnext;
			if (f)
			{
				if (cnt[k] == 0) zero++;
				else prod = prod * cnt[k] % MOD;
			}
			else
			{
				if (cnt[k] == 0) zero--;
				else prod = prod * icnt[k] % MOD;
			}
			if (zero == 0) sum += prod;
		}
		WriteLine(sum % MOD);
	}
	public static long Inverse(long a, long mod)
	{
		if (a < 0) { a %= mod; if (a < 0) a += mod; }
		var t = SolveLinear(a, mod);
		return t.Item1 > 0 ? t.Item1 : t.Item1 + mod;
	}
	public static Tuple<long, long> SolveLinear(long n, long m)
	{
		if (n < 0) { var p = SolveLinear(-n, m); return p == null ? p : new Tuple<long, long>(-p.Item1, p.Item2); }
		if (m < 0) { var p = SolveLinear(n, -m); return p == null ? p : new Tuple<long, long>(p.Item1, -p.Item2); }
		if (n < m) { var p = SolveLinear(m, n); return p == null ? p : new Tuple<long, long>(p.Item2, p.Item1); }
		long a = 1, b = 0, c = 0, d = 1;
		while (m > 0)
		{
			var r = n % m;
			var q = n / m;
			n = m;
			m = r;
			var tmp = a;
			a = -a * q + b;
			b = tmp;
			tmp = c;
			c = -c * q + d;
			d = tmp;
		}
		return n != 1 ? null : new Tuple<long, long>(d, b);
	}
	public static int MSB(uint n)
	{
		n |= (n >> 1);
		n |= (n >> 2);
		n |= (n >> 4);
		n |= (n >> 8);
		n |= (n >> 16);
		return BitCount(n) - 1;
	}
	public static int BitCount(uint n)
	{
		n = (n & 0x55555555) + ((n >> 1) & 0x55555555);
		n = (n & 0x33333333) + ((n >> 2) & 0x33333333);
		n = (n & 0x0f0f0f0f) + ((n >> 4) & 0x0f0f0f0f);
		n = (n & 0x00ff00ff) + ((n >> 8) & 0x00ff00ff);
		return (int)((n & 0x0000ffff) + ((n >> 16) & 0x0000ffff));
	}
}