Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace AtCoder
{
    class Program
    {
        static List<List<int>> tree = new List<List<int>>();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MainStream();
        }
        static void MainStream()
        {
            Scan sc = new Scan();
            write wr = new write();

            int n = sc.intarr[0];
            int[] b = sc.intarr;

            int sum = b[0];

            for(int i=1; i<n-1; i++)
            {
                if(b[i-1] >= b[i])
                {
                    sum += b[i];
                }
                else
                {
                    sum += b[i - 1];
                }
            }
            sum += b[n - 2];

            wr.wri(sum);
   
        }

        static void judge(int now, int point)
        {
            for (int i=0; i<tree.Count; i++)
            {
                if(tree[i][1] == now)
                {
                    tree[i][2] += point;
                    judge(tree[i][1], point);
                }
            }
            return;
        }


    }

    class Scan
    {
        public string str => Console.ReadLine();

        public string[] strarr => str.Split(' ');

        public long[] longarr => strarr.Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
        public int[] intarr => strarr.Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
        public char[] chararr => str.ToArray();


    }



    class write
    {
        public void wri<Type>(Type x)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x);
        }
    }

    class Method
    {
        static public int max(params int[] nums)
        {

            int maxx = nums[0];
            for (int i = 1; i < nums.Length; i++)
            {
                maxx = Math.Max(maxx, nums[i]);
            }
            return maxx;
        }
    }
}