Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

There are N blocks arranged in a row. Let us paint these blocks.

We will consider two ways to paint the blocks different if and only if there is a block painted in different colors in those two ways.

Find the number of ways to paint the blocks under the following conditions:

For each block, use one of the M colors, Color 1 through Color M, to paint it. It is not mandatory to use all the colors.

There may be at most K pairs of adjacent blocks that are painted in the same color.

Since the count may be enormous, print it modulo 998244353.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N, M \leq 2 \times 10^5

0 \leq K \leq N - 1

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M K

Output

Print the answer.

Sample Input 1

3 2 1

Sample Output 1

6

The following ways to paint the blocks satisfy the conditions: 112, 121, 122, 211, 212, and 221. Here, digits represent the colors of the blocks.

Sample Input 2

100 100 0

Sample Output 2

73074801

Sample Input 3

60522 114575 7559

Sample Output 3

479519525

Solution in C# (.NET Core 3.1.201) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;

namespace AtCoder
{
	public class Program
	{
		static void Main()
		{
			var cin = new Scanner();
			int n = cin.Int();
			int m = cin.Int();
			int k = cin.Int();

			ModInt.P = 998244353;
			ModCounting.InitializeFactorial(Math.Max(n, m), 998244353);

			var rui = new ModInt[n + 1];
			rui[0] = 1;
			rui[1] = m - 1;
			for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
				rui[i] = rui[i - 1] * (m - 1);
			}

			ModInt ans = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++) {
				ModInt temp = m; 
				temp *= ModCounting.Combination(n - 1, i) * rui[n - 1 - i];
				ans += temp;
			}

			Console.WriteLine(ans.Value);
		}
	}

	public struct ModInt
	{
		public static long P { get; set; } = (long)1e9 + 7;

		public static ModInt Pow(ModInt value, long k)
		{
			return Pow(value.Value, k);
		}

		public static ModInt Pow(long value, long k)
		{
			long ret = 1;
			for (k %= P - 1; k > 0; k >>= 1, value = value * value % P) {
				if ((k & 1) == 1) {
					ret = ret * value % P;
				}
			}
			return new ModInt(ret);
		}

		public static ModInt Inverse(ModInt value)
		{
			return Pow(value, P - 2);
		}

		public long Value;

		public ModInt(long value)
		{
			value %= P;
			if (value < 0) {
				value += P;
			}

			Value = value;
		}

		public static ModInt operator +(ModInt lhs, ModInt rhs)
		{
			lhs.Value += rhs.Value;
			if (lhs.Value >= P) {
				lhs.Value -= P;
			}
			return lhs;
		}

		public static ModInt operator -(ModInt lhs, ModInt rhs)
		{
			lhs.Value -= rhs.Value;
			if (lhs.Value < 0) {
				lhs.Value += P;
			}

			return lhs;
		}

		public static ModInt operator *(ModInt lhs, ModInt rhs)
		{
			return new ModInt(lhs.Value * rhs.Value % P);
		}
		public static ModInt operator /(ModInt lhs, ModInt rhs)
		{
			long exp = P - 2;
			while (exp > 0) {
				if (exp % 2 > 0) {
					lhs *= rhs;
				}

				rhs *= rhs;
				exp /= 2;
			}

			return lhs;
		}

		public static implicit operator ModInt(long n)
		{
			n %= P;
			if (n < 0) {
				n += P;
			}

			return new ModInt(n);
		}

		public override string ToString()
		{
			return Value.ToString();
		}
	}

	public static class ModCounting
	{
		private static long p_;

		private static long[] factorial_;
		private static long[] inverseFactorial_;
		private static long[] inverse_;

		public static void InitializeFactorial(long max, long p = 1000000007)
		{
			p_ = p;

			factorial_ = new long[max + 1];
			inverseFactorial_ = new long[max + 1];
			inverse_ = new long[max + 1];

			factorial_[0] = factorial_[1] = 1;
			inverseFactorial_[0] = inverseFactorial_[1] = 1;
			inverse_[1] = 1;
			for (int i = 2; i <= max; i++) {
				factorial_[i] = factorial_[i - 1] * i % p;
				inverse_[i] = p - inverse_[p % i] * (p / i) % p;
				inverseFactorial_[i] = inverseFactorial_[i - 1] * inverse_[i] % p;
			}
		}

		public static long Factorial(long n)
		{
			if (n < 0) {
				return 0;
			}

			return factorial_[n];
		}

		public static long InverseFactorial(long n)
		{
			if (n < 0) {
				return 0;
			}

			return inverseFactorial_[n];
		}

		public static long Inverse(long n)
		{
			if (n < 0) {
				return 0;
			}

			return inverse_[n];
		}

		public static long Permutation(long n, long k)
		{
			if (n < k || (n < 0 || k < 0)) {
				return 0;
			}

			return factorial_[n] * inverseFactorial_[n - k] % p_;
		}

		public static long RepeatedPermutation(long n, long k)
		{
			long ret = 1;
			for (k %= p_ - 1; k > 0; k >>= 1, n = n * n % p_) {
				if ((k & 1) == 1) {
					ret = ret * n % p_;
				}
			}

			return ret;
		}

		public static long Combination(long n, long k)
		{
			if (n < k || (n < 0 || k < 0)) {
				return 0;
			}

			return factorial_[n] * (inverseFactorial_[k] * inverseFactorial_[n - k] % p_) % p_;
		}

		public static long CombinationK(long n, long k)
		{
			long ret = 1;
			for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
				ret = (ret * (n - i)) % p_;
				ret = (ret * inverse_[i + 1]) % p_;
			}

			return ret;
		}

		public static long HomogeneousProduct(long n, long k)
		{
			if (n < 0 || k < 0) {
				return 0;
			}

			return Combination(n + k - 1, k);
		}
	}

	public class HashMap<TKey, TValue> : Dictionary<TKey, TValue>
	{
		private readonly Func<TKey, TValue> initialzier_;
		public HashMap(Func<TKey, TValue> initialzier)
			: base()
		{
			initialzier_ = initialzier;
		}

		public HashMap(Func<TKey, TValue> initialzier, int capacity)
			: base(capacity)
		{
			initialzier_ = initialzier;
		}

		new public TValue this[TKey key]
		{
			get
			{
				if (ContainsKey(key) == false) {
					base[key] = initialzier_(key);
				}

				return base[key];
			}

			set { base[key] = value; }
		}
	}

	public static class Helper
	{
		public static void UpdateMin<T>(ref T target, T value) where T : IComparable<T>
			=> target = target.CompareTo(value) > 0 ? value : target;

		public static void UpdateMin<T>(ref T target, T value, Action<T> onUpdated) where T : IComparable<T>
		{
			if (target.CompareTo(value) > 0) {
				target = value;
				onUpdated(value);
			}
		}

		public static void UpdateMax<T>(ref T target, T value) where T : IComparable<T>
			=> target = target.CompareTo(value) < 0 ? value : target;
		public static void UpdateMax<T>(ref T target, T value, Action<T> onUpdated) where T : IComparable<T>
		{
			if (target.CompareTo(value) < 0) {
				target = value;
				onUpdated(value);
			}
		}

		public static T[] Array<T>(int n, Func<int, T> init)
			=> Enumerable.Range(0, n).Select(x => init(x)).ToArray();
		public static List<T> List<T>(int n, Func<int, T> init)
			=> Enumerable.Range(0, n).Select(x => init(x)).ToList();
		public static T[,] Array2<T>(int n, int m, T init)
		{
			var array = new T[n, m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
					array[i, j] = init;
				}
			}

			return array;
		}

		public static T[,] Array2<T>(int n, int m, Func<int, int, T> initializer)
		{
			var array = new T[n, m];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
					array[i, j] = initializer(i, j);
				}
			}

			return array;
		}

		public static T[,,] Array3<T>(int n1, int n2, int n3, T init)
		{
			var array = new T[n1, n2, n3];
			for (int i1 = 0; i1 < n1; i1++) {
				for (int i2 = 0; i2 < n2; i2++) {
					for (int i3 = 0; i3 < n3; i3++) {
						array[i1, i2, i3] = init;
					}
				}
			}

			return array;
		}

		private static readonly int[] delta4_ = { 1, 0, -1, 0, 1 };
		public static void DoAt4(int i, int j, int imax, int jmax, Action<int, int> action)
		{
			for (int n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
				int ii = i + delta4_[n];
				int jj = j + delta4_[n + 1];
				if ((uint)ii < (uint)imax && (uint)jj < (uint)jmax) {
					action(ii, jj);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	public class Scanner
	{
		private readonly char[] delimiter_ = new char[] { ' ' };
		private readonly string filePath_;
		private readonly Func<string> reader_;
		private string[] buf_;
		private int index_;

		public Scanner(string file = "")
		{
			if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(file)) {
				reader_ = Console.ReadLine;
			} else {
				filePath_ = file;
				var fs = new StreamReader(file);
				reader_ = fs.ReadLine;
			}
			buf_ = new string[0];
			index_ = 0;
		}

		public string Next()
		{
			if (index_ < buf_.Length) {
				return buf_[index_++];
			}

			string st = reader_();
			while (st == "") {
				st = reader_();
			}

			buf_ = st.Split(delimiter_, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
			if (buf_.Length == 0) {
				return Next();
			}

			index_ = 0;
			return buf_[index_++];
		}

		public int Int() => int.Parse(Next());
		public long Long() => long.Parse(Next());
		public double Double() => double.Parse(Next());

		public int[] ArrayInt(int N, int add = 0)
		{
			int[] Array = new int[N];
			for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				Array[i] = Int() + add;
			}
			return Array;
		}

		public long[] ArrayLong(int N, long add = 0)
		{
			long[] Array = new long[N];
			for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				Array[i] = Long() + add;
			}
			return Array;
		}

		public double[] ArrayDouble(int N, double add = 0)
		{
			double[] Array = new double[N];
			for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
				Array[i] = Double() + add;
			}
			return Array;
		}

		public void Save(string text)
		{
			if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(filePath_)) {
				return;
			}

			File.WriteAllText(filePath_ + "_output.txt", text);
		}
	}
}