Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Array;

namespace AtCoderSolve
{
    class Solve
    {

        const int mod = 1000000007;
        const int INF = int.MaxValue / 2;
        const long SINF = long.MaxValue / 2;


        static int N;
        static long[] B;
        
        //static double[] p;
        
        //static long[] A, B;


        public static void Input()
        {
            var cin = new Scanner();
            N = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            B = cin.SplitReaderL();
           
        }


        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Input();
            //var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false };
            //Console.SetOut(sw);

            
            long ans = 0;
            for(var i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                if (i == 0)
                {
                    ans += B[0];
                }
                else if (i == N - 1)
                {
                    ans += B[N - 2];
                }
                else
                {
                    ans += Min(B[i - 1], B[i]);
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine(ans);


            //Console.Out.Flush();
        }
    }
    

    public class Scanner
    {
        public int[] SplitReader()
        {
            int[] array = Console.ReadLine().Split().Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
            return array;
        }
        public long[] SplitReaderL()
        {
            long[] array = Console.ReadLine().Split().Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
            return array;
        }
    }

    public class PriorityQueue<T> where T : IComparable<T>
    {
       
        private List<T> Q;
        private readonly int r;

        public PriorityQueue(bool ascending)
        {
            if (ascending)
            {
                r = 1;
            }
            else
            {
                r = -1;
            }
            Q = new List<T>();
        }

        private void PushHeap(List<T> list, T item)
        {
            int n = list.Count();
            list.Add(item);

            while (n != 0)
            {
                int pIndex = (n - 1) / 2;

                if (list[n].CompareTo(list[pIndex]) * r > 0)
                {
                    Swap(Q, n, pIndex);
                }
                else { break; }

                n = pIndex;
            }
        }

        private void PopHeap(List<T> list)
        {
            int n = list.Count() - 1;
            list[0] = list[n];
            list.RemoveAt(n);

            int cur = 0;
            int comp;

            while (2 * cur + 1 <= n - 1)
            {
                int c1 = 2 * cur + 1;
                int c2 = 2 * (cur + 1);
                if (c1 == n - 1)
                {
                    comp = c1;
                }
                else
                {

                    comp = list[c1].CompareTo(list[c2]) * r > 0 ? c1 : c2;
                }

                if (list[cur].CompareTo(list[comp]) * r < 0)
                {
                    Swap(Q, cur, comp);
                }
                else { break; }

                cur = comp;
            }
        }

        private void Swap(List<T> list, int a, int b)
        {
            T keep = list[a];
            list[a] = list[b];
            list[b] = keep;
        }


        public void Enqueue(T value)
        {
            PushHeap(Q, value);
        }

        public T Dequeue()
        {
            T ret = Q[0];
            PopHeap(Q);
            return ret;
        }

        public T Peek()
        {
            return Q[0];
        }

        public int CountItem()
        {
            return Q.Count();
        }
    }

    struct Pair<T> : IComparable<Pair<T>> where T : IComparable<T>
    {
        public T variable;
        public int index;

        public Pair(T val, int i)
        {
            variable = val;
            index = i;
        }

        public int CompareTo(Pair<T> otherPair)
        {
            return variable.CompareTo(otherPair.variable);
        }

        public int CompareIndex(Pair<T> otherPair)
        {
            return index.CompareTo(otherPair.index);
        }
    }


}