Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. Every stone is painted white or black.
A string S represents the color of the stones. The i-th stone from the left is white if the i-th character of S is ., and the stone is black if the character is #.

Takahashi wants to change the colors of some stones to black or white so that there will be no white stone immediately to the right of a black stone.
Find the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

S is a string of length N consisting of . and #.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Sample Input 1

3
#.#

Sample Output 1

1

It is enough to change the color of the first stone to white.

Sample Input 2

5
#.##.

Sample Output 2

2

Sample Input 3

9
.........

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace test
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var N = ReadInt();
            var S = Read();
            var black = 0;
            var white = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                if (S[i] == '.') white++;
            }
            var ans = white;
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                if (S[i] == '#')
                {
                    black++;
                }
                else
                {
                    white--;
                }
                if (black + white < ans) ans = black + white;
            }

            Console.WriteLine(ans);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        static string Read() { return Console.ReadLine(); }
        static int ReadInt() { return int.Parse(Read()); }
        static long ReadLong() { return long.Parse(Read()); }
        static int[] ReadArrayInt() { return Read().Split(' ').Select(s => int.Parse(s)).ToArray(); }
        static long[] ReadArrayLong() { return Read().Split(' ').Select(s => long.Parse(s)).ToArray(); }
    }
}