Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer N. Among the integers between 1 and N (inclusive), how many Shichi-Go-San numbers (literally "Seven-Five-Three numbers") are there?

Here, a Shichi-Go-San number is a positive integer that satisfies the following condition:

When the number is written in base ten, each of the digits 7, 5 and 3 appears at least once, and the other digits never appear.

Constraints

1 \leq N < 10^9

N is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of the Shichi-Go-San numbers between 1 and N (inclusive).

Sample Input 1

575

Sample Output 1

4

There are four Shichi-Go-San numbers not greater than 575: 357, 375, 537 and 573.

Sample Input 2

3600

Sample Output 2

13

There are 13 Shichi-Go-San numbers not greater than 3600: the above four numbers, 735, 753, 3357, 3375, 3537, 3557, 3573, 3575 and 3577.

Sample Input 3

999999999

Sample Output 3

26484

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using static ABC114C.Input;

namespace ABC114C
{
    static class Input
    {
        private static Func<string, T[]> Cast<T>() => _ => _.Split(' ').Select(Convert<T>()).ToArray();

        private static Func<string, T> Convert<T>()
        {
            Type t = typeof(T);
            if (t == typeof(string)) return _ => (T) (object) _;
            if (t == typeof(int)) return _ => (T) (object) int.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(long)) return _ => (T) (object) long.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(double)) return _ => (T) (object) double.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(string[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<string>()(_);
            if (t == typeof(int[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<int>()(_);
            if (t == typeof(long[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<long>()(_);
            if (t == typeof(double[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<double>()(_);

            throw new NotSupportedException(t + "is not supported.");
        }

        private static T Convert<T>(string s) => Convert<T>()(s);

        private static string String() => Console.ReadLine();

        private static string[] String(long rowNumber) => new bool[rowNumber].Select(_ => String()).ToArray();

        public static void Cin<T>(out T a) => a = Convert<T>(String());

        public static void Cin<T1, T2>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2)
        {
            var v = Convert<string[]>(String());
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3)
        {
            var v = Convert<string[]>(String());
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4)
        {
            var v = Convert<string[]>(String());
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4, out T5 a5)
        {
            var v = Convert<string[]>(String());
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
            set(v[4], out a5);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4, out T5 a5, out T6 a6)
        {
            var v = Convert<string[]>(String());
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
            set(v[4], out a5);
            set(v[5], out a6);
        }

        private static void set<T1>(string s, out T1 o1) => o1 = Convert<T1>(s);

        public static void Cin<T>(long n, out T[] l) => l = String(n).Select(Convert<T>()).ToArray();

        public static void Cin<T1, T2>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2, out T3[] l3)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            l3 = new T3[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i], out l3[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2, out T3[] l3, out T4[] l4)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            l3 = new T3[n];
            l4 = new T4[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i], out l3[i], out l4[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T>(out T[] a) => a = Convert<T[]>(String());

        public static void Cin<T>(long h, out T[][] map) => map = String(h).Select(Convert<T[]>()).ToArray();
    }

    class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) {AutoFlush = false};
            Console.SetOut(streamWriter);
            new Solver().Solve();
            Console.Out.Flush();
        }

        public static void Debug()
        {
            new Solver().Solve();
        }
    }

    class Solver
    {
        private long N;
        List<long> list = new List<long>();

        public void Solve()
        {
            Cin(out N);

            memo.Add("357");
            add("357");

            foreach (string s in memo)
            {
                Permutate(s.ToCharArray().ToList());
            }

            list.Sort();
            int count = 0;
            foreach (long l in list)
            {
                if (l <= N) count++;
            }

            Console.WriteLine(count);
        }

        private char[] three = {'3', '5', '7'};
        HashSet<string> memo = new HashSet<string>();

        void add(string cur)
        {
            if (cur.Length == 9) return;

            foreach (char l in three)
            {
                var next = cur + l;
                var k = next.ToCharArray().ToList();
                k.Sort();
                var key = new string(k.ToArray());
                if (memo.Contains(key))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                memo.Add(key);
                add(next);
            }
        }

        private void Permutate(List<char> rest, List<char> current = null)
        {
            if (current == null)
            {
                current = new List<char>();
                m = new HashSet<string>();
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < rest.Count; i++)
            {
                var l = rest[i];
                var next = new List<char>();
                foreach (char v in current)
                {
                    next.Add(v);
                }

                next.Add(l);

                if (rest.Count == 1)
                {
                    list.Add(long.Parse(new string(next.ToArray())));
                    continue;
                }

                var nextRest = new List<char>();
                for (int j = 0; j < rest.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (i == j) continue;
                    nextRest.Add(rest[j]);
                }

                var k = new string(next.ToArray());
                if (m.Contains(k))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                m.Add(k);
                Permutate(nextRest, next);
            }
        }

        HashSet<string> m;
    }
}