Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

There are N integers, A_1, A_2, ..., A_N, written on a blackboard.

We will repeat the following operation N-1 times so that we have only one integer on the blackboard.

Choose two integers x and y on the blackboard and erase these two integers. Then, write a new integer x-y.

Find the maximum possible value of the final integer on the blackboard and a sequence of operations that maximizes the final integer.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 10^5

-10^4 \leq A_i \leq 10^4

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the maximum possible value M of the final integer on the blackboard, and a sequence of operations x_i, y_i that maximizes the final integer, in the format below.

Here x_i and y_i represent the integers x and y chosen in the i-th operation, respectively.

If there are multiple sequences of operations that maximize the final integer, any of them will be accepted.

M
x_1 y_1
:
x_{N-1} y_{N-1}

Sample Input 1

3
1 -1 2

Sample Output 1

4
-1 1
2 -2

If we choose x = -1 and y = 1 in the first operation, the set of integers written on the blackboard becomes (-2, 2).

Then, if we choose x = 2 and y = -2 in the second operation, the set of integers written on the blackboard becomes (4).

In this case, we have 4 as the final integer. We cannot end with a greater integer, so the answer is 4.

Sample Input 2

3
1 1 1

Sample Output 2

1
1 1
1 0

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;

class Program
{
    const int MOD = 1000000007;
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        new Program().Solve();
    }

    void Solve()
    {
        Scanner cin = new Scanner();
        int n = cin.NextInt();
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            a[i] = cin.NextInt();
        }
        int max = a.Max();
        int min = a.Min();

        int maxIndex = Array.IndexOf(a, max);
        int minIndex = Array.LastIndexOf(a, min); // if max num is the same as min num, min index is also the same max index.

        var others = a.Where((num, i) => i != maxIndex && i != minIndex).ToArray();
        int result = max - min + others.Sum(Math.Abs);

        var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false };
        Console.SetOut(sw);

        Console.WriteLine(result);

        int tmpMin = min;
        foreach (var num in others.Where(e => e >= 0))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", tmpMin, num); // Remarks: order as x - y
            tmpMin -= num;
        }

        int tmpMax = max;
        foreach (var num in others.Where(e => e < 0))
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", tmpMax, num); // Remarks: order as x - y
            tmpMax -= num;
        }

        Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", tmpMax, tmpMin);// Remarks: x - y == result -> true.

        Console.Out.Flush();
        
    }
}


class Scanner
{
    string[] s;
    int i;

    char[] cs = new char[] { ' ' };

    public Scanner()
    {
        s = new string[0];
        i = 0;
    }

    public string Next()
    {
        if (i < s.Length) return s[i++];
        string st = Console.ReadLine();
        while (st == "") st = Console.ReadLine();
        s = st.Split(cs, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
        if (s.Length == 0) return Next();
        i = 0;
        return s[i++];
    }

    public int NextInt()
    {
        return int.Parse(Next());
    }

    public char[] ArrayChar()
    {
        return Next().ToCharArray();
    }
    public int[] ArrayInt(int N, int add = 0)
    {
        int[] Array = new int[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        {
            Array[i] = NextInt() + add;
        }
        return Array;
    }

    public long NextLong()
    {
        return long.Parse(Next());
    }

    public long[] ArrayLong(int N, long add = 0)
    {
        long[] Array = new long[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        {
            Array[i] = NextLong() + add;
        }
        return Array;
    }

    public double NextDouble()
    {
        return double.Parse(Next());
    }


    public double[] ArrayDouble(int N, double add = 0)
    {
        double[] Array = new double[N];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
        {
            Array[i] = NextDouble() + add;
        }
        return Array;
    }
}