Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            long n = long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            long[] pArray = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(i => long.Parse(i)).ToArray();
            long cnt = 0;
            for(int j = 0; j < n-2; j++)
            {
                if (pArray[j + 1] != Math.Min(pArray[j], Math.Min(pArray[j + 1], pArray[j + 2])) 
                    && pArray[j + 1] != Math.Max(pArray[j], Math.Max(pArray[j + 1], pArray[j + 2])))
                {
                    cnt++;
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(cnt);
        }
    }
}
// 文字列の入力
//string s = Console.ReadLine();

// 整数の入力
//long n = long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

// 文字列配列の入力
//string[] inputStrArray = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ');

// 整数配列の入力
//long[] inputLongArray = Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(i => long.Parse(i)).ToArray();