Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

N persons are standing in a row. The height of the i-th person from the front is A_i.

We want to have each person stand on a stool of some heights - at least zero - so that the following condition is satisfied for every person:

Condition: Nobody in front of the person is taller than the person. Here, the height of a person includes the stool.

Find the minimum total height of the stools needed to meet this goal.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 \ldots A_N

Output

Print the minimum total height of the stools needed to meet the goal.

Sample Input 1

5
2 1 5 4 3

Sample Output 1

4

If the persons stand on stools of heights 0, 1, 0, 1, and 2, respectively, their heights will be 2, 2, 5, 5, and 5, satisfying the condition.

We cannot meet the goal with a smaller total height of the stools.

Sample Input 2

5
3 3 3 3 3

Sample Output 2

0

Giving a stool of height 0 to everyone will work.

Solution in C# (.NET Core 3.1.201) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static Assistant.Input;
using static Assistant.Debug;
using System.Linq;
using Assistant;

namespace ABC176C
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var N = RInt;
            var A = RInts;

            int max = A[0];
            long sum = 0;
            for (int i = 1; i < N; i++)
            {
                if (A[i] < max)
                {
                    sum += max - A[i];
                }
                else if(A[i] > max)
                {
                    max = A[i];
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine(sum);
        }


    }


}

namespace Assistant
{
    static class Input
    {
        static List<string> line = new List<string>();
        static int index = 0;
        static String RNext()
        {
            if (line.Count <= index) line.AddRange(Console.ReadLine().Split());
            return line[index++];
        }
        public static int RInt => int.Parse(RNext());
        public static long RLong => long.Parse(RNext());
        public static int[] RInts => Console.ReadLine().Split().Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
        public static long[] RLongs => Console.ReadLine().Split().Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
        public static string RString => RNext();
        //以下未テスト
        public static int[] RIntsC(int c) => Enumerable.Repeat(0, c).Select(x => int.Parse(RNext())).ToArray();
        public static long[] RLongsC(int c) => Enumerable.Repeat(0, c).Select(x => long.Parse(RNext())).ToArray();
        public static char[][] RMap(int h) => Enumerable.Repeat(0, h).Select(x => Console.ReadLine().ToCharArray()).ToArray();
    }

    public struct Mlong
    {
        long _v;
        const long mod = 1000000007;
        public Mlong(long n = 0) : this() { _v = n >= mod ? n % mod : n; }

        public static implicit operator Mlong(long _x) => new Mlong(_x);
        public static implicit operator long(Mlong _x) => _x._v;
        public static Mlong operator +(Mlong m1, Mlong m2) { long m = m1._v + m2._v; return m >= mod ? m - mod : m; }
        public static Mlong operator -(Mlong m1, Mlong m2) { long m = m1._v - m2._v; return m >= 0 ? m : m + mod; }
        public static Mlong operator *(Mlong m1, Mlong m2) => m1._v * m2._v % mod;
        public static Mlong operator /(Mlong m1, Mlong m2) => m1._v * ModPow(m2._v, mod - 2) % mod;

        public static long ModPow(long a, long n)
        {
            if (n == 0) return 1;
            else if (n % 2 == 1) return a * ModPow(a, n - 1) % mod;
            else return ModPow(a * a % mod, n / 2);
        }

        static Mlong[] fac, finv, inv;
        public static void nCkInit(int max)
        {
            fac = new Mlong[max]; finv = new Mlong[max]; inv = new Mlong[max];
            fac[0] = fac[1] = 1;
            finv[0] = finv[1] = 1;
            inv[1] = 1;
            for (int i = 2; i < max; i++)
            {
                fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i;
                inv[i] = mod - inv[mod % i] * (mod / i);
                finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i];
            }
        }

        public static Mlong nCk(int n, int k)
        {
            if (n < k) return 0;
            if (n < 0 || k < 0) return 0;
            return fac[n] * finv[k] * finv[n - k];
        }
    }

    static class Debug
    {
        static public void Draw2D<T>(T[,] map, int mode = 1)
        {
#if DEBUG
            int W = map.GetLength(0);
            int H = map.GetLength(1);

            string[,] map2 = new string[W + 1, H + 1];
            for (int i = 0; i < W + 1; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < H + 1; j++)
                {
                    if (i == 0 && j == 0) map2[i, j] = 0.ToString();
                    else if (i == 0) map2[i, j] = (j - 1).ToString();
                    else if (j == 0) map2[i, j] = (i - 1).ToString();
                    else map2[i, j] = map[i - 1, j - 1].ToString();
                }
            }

            for (int i = 0; i < W + 1; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < H + 1; j++)
                {
                    if (mode == 0) Console.Write(map2[i, j].Last());
                    if (mode == 1) Console.Write(map2[i, j] + " ");
                }
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
#endif
        }

        public static void Draw1D<T>(T[] array, int mode = 0)
        {
#if DEBUG
            Console.WriteLine(string.Join(" ", array));
#endif
        }
    }
}