Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

There are N dots in a two-dimensional plane. The coordinates of the i-th dot are (x_i, y_i).

We will repeat the following operation as long as possible:

Choose four integers a, b, c, d (a \neq c, b \neq d) such that there are dots at exactly three of the positions (a, b), (a, d), (c, b) and (c, d), and add a dot at the remaining position.

We can prove that we can only do this operation a finite number of times. Find the maximum number of times we can do the operation.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq x_i, y_i \leq 10^5

If i \neq j, x_i \neq x_j or y_i \neq y_j.

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the maximum number of times we can do the operation.

Sample Input 1

3
1 1
5 1
5 5

Sample Output 1

1

By choosing a = 1, b = 1, c = 5, d = 5, we can add a dot at (1, 5). We cannot do the operation any more, so the maximum number of operations is 1.

Sample Input 2

2
10 10
20 20

Sample Output 2

0

There are only two dots, so we cannot do the operation at all.

Sample Input 3

9
1 1
2 1
3 1
4 1
5 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
1 5

Sample Output 3

16

We can do the operation for all choices of the form a = 1, b = 1, c = i, d = j (2 \leq i,j \leq 5), and no more. Thus, the maximum number of operations is 16.

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

class TEST{
	static void Main(){
		Sol mySol =new Sol();
		mySol.Solve();
	}
}

class Sol{
	public void Solve(){
		var uf = new UnionFind(N);
		var di = new Dictionary<int,int>();
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			if(!di.ContainsKey(X[i])) di.Add(X[i],i);
			uf.Unite(i, di[X[i]]);
		}
		di.Clear();
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			if(!di.ContainsKey(Y[i])) di.Add(Y[i],i);
			uf.Unite(i, di[Y[i]]);	
		}
		var hx = new HashSet<int>[N];
		var hy = new HashSet<int>[N];
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			hx[i] = new HashSet<int>();
			hy[i] = new HashSet<int>();
		}
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			hx[uf.Parent(i)].Add(X[i]);
			hy[uf.Parent(i)].Add(Y[i]);
		}
		long tot = 0;
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			tot += (long)hx[i].Count * (long)hy[i].Count;
		}
		Console.WriteLine(tot - N);
	}
	int N;
	int[] X,Y;
	public Sol(){
		N = ri();
		X = new int[N];
		Y = new int[N];
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			var d = ria();
			X[i] = d[0]; Y[i] = d[1];
		}
	}

	static String rs(){return Console.ReadLine();}
	static int ri(){return int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());}
	static long rl(){return long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());}
	static double rd(){return double.Parse(Console.ReadLine());}
	static String[] rsa(char sep=' '){return Console.ReadLine().Split(sep);}
	static int[] ria(char sep=' '){return Array.ConvertAll(Console.ReadLine().Split(sep),e=>int.Parse(e));}
	static long[] rla(char sep=' '){return Array.ConvertAll(Console.ReadLine().Split(sep),e=>long.Parse(e));}
	static double[] rda(char sep=' '){return Array.ConvertAll(Console.ReadLine().Split(sep),e=>double.Parse(e));}
}

class UnionFind{
	
	int[] parent;
	int[] mem;
	int compo;
	int N;
	public UnionFind(int n_){
		Initialize(n_);
	}
	
	public void Initialize(int n_){
		N=n_;
		parent=new int[N];
		mem=new int[N];
		for(int i=0;i<N;i++){
			parent[i]=i;
			mem[i]=1;
		}
		compo=N;
	}
	
	public int Parent(int a){
		if(parent[a]==a) return a;
		return parent[a] = Parent(parent[a]);
	}
	
	public bool IsUnited(int a,int b){
		return Parent(a) == Parent(b);
	}
	
	public void Unite(int a,int b){
		a = Parent(a); b = Parent(b);
		if(a == b) return;
		if(mem[a] > mem[b]){var t = a; a = b; b = t;}
		parent[a] = b;
		mem[b] += mem[a];
		compo -= 1;
	}
	
	public bool IsRoot(int x){
		return x == parent[x];
	}
	public int MemCnt(int x){
		return mem[Parent(x)];
	}
	
	public void Dump(){
		for(int i=0;i<parent.Length;i++){
			Console.Write(i==0?"{0}":" {0}",parent[i]);
		}
		Console.WriteLine("");
	}
	
	public int Compo{
		get{
			return compo;
		}
	}
	
}