Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Text;

class Procon {
    static void Main (string[] agrs) {
        int N = Int ();
        int[] B = new int[N + 1];

        for (int i = 1; i <= N - 1; i++) {
            B[i] = Int ();
        }

        B[0] = B[1];
        B[N] = B[N - 1];

        int ret = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            ret += Math.Min (B[i], B[i + 1]);
        }

        Console.WriteLine (ret);
    }

    static string String () => Scanner.nextString ();
    static int Int () => int.Parse (Scanner.nextString ());
    static long Long () => long.Parse (Scanner.nextString ());
    static double Double () => double.Parse (Scanner.nextString ());
    static char[] Chars () => String ().ToCharArray ();
    static string[] Strings () => Console.ReadLine ().Split (' ');
    static int[] Ints () => Strings ().Select (v => int.Parse (v)).ToArray ();
    static long[] Longs () => Strings ().Select (v => long.Parse (v)).ToArray ();
    static double[] Doubles () => Strings ().Select (v => double.Parse (v)).ToArray ();
    const int M = 1000000007;
}

class PriorityQueue<T> where T : IComparable<T> {
    public T[] heap;
    public int size;
    public int sign;
    public PriorityQueue (int N, bool descend = false) {
        heap = new T[N];
        sign = 1;
        if (descend) sign = -1;
    }
    public int Compare (T x, T y) {
        return x.CompareTo (y) * sign;
    }
    public void Push (T x) {
        int i = size++;
        while (i > 0) {
            int p = (i - 1) / 2;
            if (Compare (x, heap[p]) >= 0) {
                break;
            }
            heap[i] = heap[p];
            i = p;
        }
        heap[i] = x;
    }
    public T Pop () {
        T ret = heap[0];
        T x = heap[--size];
        int i = 0;
        while (i * 2 + 1 < size) {
            int a = i * 2 + 1;
            int b = i * 2 + 2;
            if (b < size && Compare (heap[a], heap[b]) > 0) {
                a = b;
            }
            if (Compare (heap[a], x) >= 0) {
                break;
            }
            heap[i] = heap[a];
            i = a;
        }
        heap[i] = x;
        return ret;
    }
    public int Count () {
        return size;
    }
}

class Scanner {
    static string[] s = new string[0];
    static int i = 0;
    static int max_i = 0;
    static public string nextString () {
        if (i >= s.Length) {
            s = Console.ReadLine ().Split (' ');
            max_i = s.Length;
            i = 0;
            if (max_i == 0) {
                return "";
            }
            return s[i++];
        }
        return s[i++];
    }
}