Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

A positive integer X is said to be a lunlun number if and only if the following condition is satisfied:

In the base ten representation of X (without leading zeros), for every pair of two adjacent digits, the absolute difference of those digits is at most 1.

For example, 1234, 1, and 334 are lunlun numbers, while none of 31415, 119, or 13579 is.

You are given a positive integer K. Find the K-th smallest lunlun number.

Constraints

1 \leq K \leq 10^5

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

K

Output

Print the answer.

Sample Input 1

15

Sample Output 1

23

We will list the 15 smallest lunlun numbers in ascending order:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
21,
22,
23.

Thus, the answer is 23.

Sample Input 2

1

Sample Output 2

1

Sample Input 3

13

Sample Output 3

21

Sample Input 4

100000

Sample Output 4

3234566667

Note that the answer may not fit into the 32-bit signed integer type.

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#region いつもの
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using IEnumerable = System.Collections.IEnumerable;
using IEnumerator = System.Collections.IEnumerator;
using BigInteger = System.Numerics.BigInteger;
using TextReader = System.IO.TextReader;
using StringBuilder = System.Text.StringBuilder;
using static Global;
using static NumGlobal;

static class Global
{
    public static void Swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b) { T tmp = a; a = b; b = tmp; }
    public static T[] NewArray<T>(int len0, T value) => new T[len0].Fill(value);
    public static T[] NewArray<T>(int len0, Func<T> factory)
    {
        var arr = new T[len0];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = factory();
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, T value) where T : struct
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, value);
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, Func<T> factory)
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, factory);
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, int len2, T value) where T : struct
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, len2, value);
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, int len2, Func<T> factory)
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, len2, factory);
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][][][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, int len2, int len3, T value) where T : struct
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][][][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, len2, len3, value);
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[][][][] NewArray<T>(int len0, int len1, int len2, int len3, Func<T> factory)
    {
        var arr = new T[len0][][][];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = NewArray(len1, len2, len3, factory);
        return arr;
    }
    private class ComparerReverseImpl<T> : Comparer<T> where T : IComparable<T> { public override int Compare(T y, T x) => x.CompareTo(y); public override bool Equals(object obj) => obj != null && GetType() == obj.GetType(); public override int GetHashCode() => GetType().GetHashCode(); }
    public static IComparer<T> ComparerReverse<T>() where T : IComparable<T> => new ComparerReverseImpl<T>();
    public static string AllLines<T>(IEnumerable<T> source) => string.Join("\n", source);
    public static string AllJoin<T>(IEnumerable<T> source) => string.Join(" ", source);
}
static class NumGlobal
{
    public static int Pow(int x, int y)
    {
        int res = 1;
        for (; y > 0; y >>= 1)
        {
            if ((y & 1) == 1) res *= x;
            x *= x;
        }
        return res;
    }
    public static BigInteger ParseBigInteger(string s)
    {
        // 自前実装の方が速い
        var res = BigInteger.Zero;
        var splited = new string[(s.Length + 7) / 8];
        for (var i = 0; i < splited.Length - 1; i++)
        {
            splited[i] = s.Substring(8 * i, 8);
        }
        splited[splited.Length - 1] = s.Substring(8 * (splited.Length - 1));
        foreach (var sp in splited)
        {
            res *= (int)Math.Pow(10, sp.Length);
            res += int.Parse(sp);
        }
        return res;
    }
    public static int BitCount(int x) { x -= (x >> 1) & 0x55555555; x = (x & 0x33333333) + ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333); x = (x + (x >> 4)) & 0x0f0f0f0f; x += x >> 8; x += x >> 16; return x & 0x3f; }
    public static int BitCount(long x) { x -= (x >> 1) & 0x5555555555555555; x = (x & 0x3333333333333333) + ((x >> 2) & 0x3333333333333333); x = (x + (x >> 4)) & 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f; x += x >> 8; x += x >> 16; x += x >> 32; return (int)(x & 0x0000007f); }
    public static int MSB(int x) { x |= x >> 1; x |= x >> 2; x |= x >> 4; x |= x >> 8; x |= x >> 16; return BitCount(x) - 1; }
    public static int MSB(long x) { x |= x >> 1; x |= x >> 2; x |= x >> 4; x |= x >> 8; x |= x >> 16; x |= x >> 32; return BitCount(x) - 1; }
    public static int LSB(int x) { x |= x << 1; x |= x << 2; x |= x << 4; x |= x << 8; x |= x << 16; return 32 - BitCount(x); }
    public static int LSB(long x) { x |= x << 1; x |= x << 2; x |= x << 4; x |= x << 8; x |= x << 16; x |= x << 32; return 64 - BitCount(x); }
}
static class Ext
{
    public static T[] Fill<T>(this T[] arr, T value)
    {
        for (var i = 0; i < arr.Length; i++) arr[i] = value;
        return arr;
    }
    public static T[] Sort<T>(this T[] arr) { Array.Sort(arr); return arr; }
    public static string[] Sort(this string[] arr) => Sort(arr, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
    public static T[] Sort<T, U>(this T[] arr, Func<T, U> selector) where U : IComparable<U> => Sort(arr, (a, b) => selector(a).CompareTo(selector(b)));
    public static T[] Sort<T>(this T[] arr, Comparison<T> comparison) { Array.Sort(arr, comparison); return arr; }
    public static T[] Sort<T>(this T[] arr, IComparer<T> comparer) { Array.Sort(arr, comparer); return arr; }
    public static T[] Reverse<T>(this T[] arr) { Array.Reverse(arr); return arr; }

    public static Tuple<TSource, TMax> MaxBy<TSource, TMax>
        (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TMax> maxBySelector)
        where TMax : IComparable<TMax>
    {
        TMax max;
        TSource maxByItem;

        var e = source.GetEnumerator();
        e.MoveNext();
        maxByItem = e.Current;
        max = maxBySelector(maxByItem);
        while (e.MoveNext())
        {
            var item = e.Current;
            var next = maxBySelector(item);
            if (max.CompareTo(next) < 0)
            {
                max = next;
                maxByItem = item;
            }
        }
        return Tuple.Create(maxByItem, max);
    }
    public static Tuple<TSource, TMin> MinBy<TSource, TMin>
        (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TMin> minBySelector)
        where TMin : IComparable<TMin>
    {
        TMin min;
        TSource minByItem;

        var e = source.GetEnumerator();
        e.MoveNext();
        minByItem = e.Current;
        min = minBySelector(minByItem);
        while (e.MoveNext())
        {
            var item = e.Current;
            var next = minBySelector(item);
            if (min.CompareTo(next) > 0)
            {
                min = next;
                minByItem = item;
            }
        }
        return Tuple.Create(minByItem, min);
    }
    public static IComparer<T> Reverse<T>(this IComparer<T> comparer) => Comparer<T>.Create((x, y) => comparer.Compare(y, x));
    public static Dictionary<TKey, int> GroupCount<TSource, TKey>(this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector) => source.GroupBy(keySelector).ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.Count());
    public static Dictionary<TKey, int> GroupCount<TKey>(this IEnumerable<TKey> source) => source.GroupCount(i => i);
    public static TValue Get<TKey, TValue>(this Dictionary<TKey, TValue> dic, TKey key)
    {
        TValue v;
        dic.TryGetValue(key, out v);
        return v;
    }
    public static TValue GetOrInit<TKey, TValue>(this Dictionary<TKey, TValue> dic, TKey key, TValue value)
    {
        TValue v;
        if (dic.TryGetValue(key, out v))
            return v;
        return dic[key] = value;
    }
}
#pragma warning disable CA1819
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerNonUserCode]
public class ConsoleReader { private string[] ReadLineSplit() => textReader.ReadLine().Split(Array.Empty<char>(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries); private string[] line = Array.Empty<string>(); private int linePosition; private TextReader textReader; public ConsoleReader(TextReader tr) { textReader = tr; } public int Int => int.Parse(String); public int Int0 => Int - 1; public long Long => long.Parse(String); public double Double => double.Parse(String); public string String { get { if (linePosition >= line.Length) { linePosition = 0; line = ReadLineSplit(); } return line[linePosition++]; } } public class SplitLine { public SplitLine(ConsoleReader cr) { String = cr.ReadLineSplit(); cr.line = Array.Empty<string>(); } public int[] Int => String.Select(x => int.Parse(x)).ToArray(); public int[] Int0 => String.Select(x => int.Parse(x) - 1).ToArray(); public long[] Long => String.Select(x => long.Parse(x)).ToArray(); public double[] Double => String.Select(x => double.Parse(x)).ToArray(); public string[] String { get; } } public SplitLine Split => new SplitLine(this); public class RepeatReader { ConsoleReader cr; int count; public RepeatReader(ConsoleReader cr, int count) { this.cr = cr; this.count = count; } public T[] Select<T>(Func<ConsoleReader, T> factory) { var arr = new T[count]; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) arr[i] = factory(cr); return arr; } public string[] String => this.Select(cr => cr.String); public int[] Int => this.Select(cr => cr.Int); public int[] Int0 => this.Select(cr => cr.Int - 1); public long[] Long => this.Select(cr => cr.Long); public double[] Double => this.Select(cr => cr.Double); } public RepeatReader Repeat(int count) => new RepeatReader(this, count); }
public class Program
{
    [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerBrowsable(System.Diagnostics.DebuggerBrowsableState.Never)] private ConsoleReader cr;

    public Program(ConsoleReader consoleReader) { this.cr = consoleReader; }
    static void Main(string[] args) => Console.WriteLine(new Program(new ConsoleReader(args.Length > 0 ? new System.IO.StreamReader(args[0]) : Console.In)).Calc());

    #endregion
    public object Calc()
    {
        var K = cr.Int;

        var arr = CalcImpl().ToArray();
        return arr[K - 1];
    }

    IEnumerable<long> CalcImpl()
    {
        var cache = NewArray(10, 10, () => (long[])null);
        cache[0] = new long[][]
        {
            new long[]{0},
            new long[]{1},
            new long[]{2},
            new long[]{3},
            new long[]{4},
            new long[]{5},
            new long[]{6},
            new long[]{7},
            new long[]{8},
            new long[]{9},
        };
        for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
        {
            var zl = new List<long>();
            foreach (var zero in cache[i - 1][0])
                zl.Add(zero);
            foreach (var one in cache[i - 1][1])
                zl.Add(one);
            cache[i][0] = zl.ToArray();

            for (int j = 1; j < 9; j++)
            {
                var list = new List<long>();
                foreach (var mae in cache[i - 1][j - 1])
                    list.Add(j * tens[i] + mae);
                foreach (var same in cache[i - 1][j])
                    list.Add(j * tens[i] + same);
                foreach (var ato in cache[i - 1][j + 1])
                    list.Add(j * tens[i] + ato);
                cache[i][j] = list.ToArray();
            }

            var nl = new List<long>();
            foreach (var eight in cache[i - 1][8])
                nl.Add(9 * tens[i] + eight);
            foreach (var nine in cache[i - 1][9])
                nl.Add(9 * tens[i] + nine);
            cache[i][9] = nl.ToArray();
        }
        return cache.SelectMany(arr => arr.Skip(1).SelectMany(brr => brr));
    }

    static long[] tens = new long[]
    {
        1,
        10,
        100,
        1000,
        10000,
        100000,
        1000000,
        10000000,
        100000000,
        1000000000,
        10000000000,
        100000000000,
        1000000000000,
        10000000000000,
    };
}