Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N consisting of A, C, G and T. Answer the following Q queries:

Query i (1 \leq i \leq Q): You will be given integers l_i and r_i (1 \leq l_i < r_i \leq N). Consider the substring of S starting at index l_i and ending at index r_i (both inclusive). In this string, how many times does AC occurs as a substring?

Notes

A substring of a string T is a string obtained by removing zero or more characters from the beginning and the end of T.

For example, the substrings of ATCODER include TCO, AT, CODER, ATCODER and (the empty string), but not AC.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq Q \leq 10^5

S is a string of length N.

Each character in S is A, C, G or T.

1 \leq l_i < r_i \leq N

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N Q
S
l_1 r_1
:
l_Q r_Q

Output

Print Q lines. The i-th line should contain the answer to the i-th query.

Sample Input 1

8 3
ACACTACG
3 7
2 3
1 8

Sample Output 1

2
0
3

Query 1: the substring of S starting at index 3 and ending at index 7 is ACTAC. In this string, AC occurs twice as a substring.

Query 2: the substring of S starting at index 2 and ending at index 3 is CA. In this string, AC occurs zero times as a substring.

Query 3: the substring of S starting at index 1 and ending at index 8 is ACACTACG. In this string, AC occurs three times as a substring.

Solution in C# (Mono-mcs 6.8.0.105) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
//using System.Windows;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Atcoder
{
    public class Program
    {
        private static long mod = 1000000007;
        private static long max = 999999999999;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var r1 = ReadSplit();
            var n = r1[0].Int();
            var q = r1[1].Int();
            var s = Read();
            var rs = new int[n];
            var pre = "";
            var count = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                if (pre == "A" && s[i] == 'C')
                {
                    count++;
                }
                rs[i] = count;
                pre = s[i].ToString();
            }

            var ansl = new List<int>();
            for (int i = 0; i < q; i++)
            {
                var r2 = ReadSplit();
                var l = r2[0].Int();
                var ri = r2[1].Int();
                var ans = rs[ri - 1] - rs[l - 1];
                ansl.Add(ans);
            }
            foreach (var item in ansl)
            {
                Write(item);
            }
            Read();
        }

        public static string Read()
        {
            return Console.ReadLine();
        }

        public static string[] ReadSplit()
        {
            return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ');
        }

        public static void WriteRead(object str)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(str);
            Read();
        }

        public static void Write(object str)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(str);
        }

        private static bool ChangeMin<T>(ref T a, T b) where T : IComparable
        {
            if (a.CompareTo(b) > 0)
            {
                a = b;
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        private static bool ChangekMax<T>(ref T a, T b) where T : IComparable
        {
            if (b.CompareTo(a) > 0)
            {
                a = b;
                return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

        /*優先度付きキュー*/
        class PriorityQueue<T> where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            public readonly T[] Array;
            public readonly bool Greater;
            public int Count { get; private set; } = 0;

            public PriorityQueue(int capacity, bool greater = true)
            {
                this.Array = new T[capacity];
                this.Greater = greater;
            }

            public void Enqueue(T item)
            {
                this.Array[this.Count] = item;
                this.Count += 1;
                this.UpHeap();
            }

            public T Dequeue()
            {
                // 先頭要素を末尾にして再構成
                this.Swap(0, this.Count - 1);
                this.Count -= 1;
                this.DownHeap();

                return this.Array[this.Count];
            }


            private void UpHeap()
            {
                var n = this.Count - 1;
                while (n != 0)
                {
                    // 親要素の座標
                    var parent = (n - 1) / 2;

                    if (this.Compare(this.Array[n], this.Array[parent]) > 0)
                    {
                        this.Swap(n, parent);
                        n = parent;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            private void DownHeap()
            {
                var parent = 0;
                while (true)
                {
                    var child = 2 * parent + 1;
                    if (child > this.Count - 1) break;

                    if (child < this.Count - 1 && this.Compare(this.Array[child], this.Array[child + 1]) < 0)
                    {
                        // 左より右の子のほうが大きい値の場合、右を入れ替え対象にする
                        child += 1;
                    }

                    if (this.Compare(this.Array[parent], this.Array[child]) < 0)
                    {
                        this.Swap(parent, child);
                        parent = child;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            //aとbを比較する
            private int Compare(T a, T b)
            {
                var c = a.CompareTo(b);
                if (!this.Greater)
                {
                    c = -c;
                }
                return c;
            }

            //aとbを入れ替える
            private void Swap(int a, int b)
            {
                var tmp = this.Array[a];
                this.Array[a] = this.Array[b];
                this.Array[b] = tmp;
            }
        }

        private static bool NextPermutation(int[] array)
        {
            var size = array.Length;
            var ok = false;

            //array[i]<array[i+1]を満たす最大のiを求める
            int i = size - 2;
            for (; 0 <= i; i--)
            {
                if (array[i] < array[i + 1])
                {
                    ok = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            //全ての要素が降順の場合、NextPermutationは存在しない
            if (ok == false) return false;

            //array[i]<array[j]を満たす最大のjを求める
            int j = size - 1;
            for (; ; j--)
            {
                if (array[i] < array[j]) break;
            }

            //iとjの要素をswapする
            var tmp = array[i];
            array[i] = array[j];
            array[j] = tmp;

            //i以降の要素を反転させる
            Array.Reverse(array, i + 1, size - (i + 1));

            return true;
        }

        //要素数Nを引数として渡し、0～N-1でできた順列をすべて返す
        static List<int[]> GetAllPermutation(int N)
        {
            var res = new List<int[]>();
            var array = Enumerable.Range(0, N).ToArray();
            do
            {
                var copy = new int[N];
                array.CopyTo(copy, 0);
                res.Add(copy);
            } while (NextPermutation(array));

            return res;
        }

        //配列arrayを引数として渡し,辞書順がarray以上の順列をすべて返す
        static List<int[]> GetAllPermutation(int[] array)
        {
            var size = array.Length;
            var res = new List<int[]>();
            do
            {
                var copy = new int[size];
                array.CopyTo(copy, 0);
                res.Add(copy);
            } while (NextPermutation(array));

            return res;
        }
    }
}


public static class Extentions
{
    public static int Int(this object obj)
    {
        return int.Parse(obj.ToString());
    }

    public static long Long(this object obj)
    {
        return long.Parse(obj.ToString());
    }

    public static decimal Decimal(this object obj)
    {
        return decimal.Parse(obj.ToString());
    }

    public static double Double(this object obj)
    {
        return double.Parse(obj.ToString());
    }

    public static T2 GetValueZero<T1, T2>(this Dictionary<T1, T2> d, T1 key) where T2 : struct
    {
        T2 value;
        if (d.TryGetValue(key, out value))
        {
            return value;
        }
        return new T2();
    }
}