Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N cubes stacked vertically on a desk.

You are given a string S of length N. The color of the i-th cube from the bottom is red if the i-th character in S is 0, and blue if that character is 1.

You can perform the following operation any number of times: choose a red cube and a blue cube that are adjacent, and remove them. Here, the cubes that were stacked on the removed cubes will fall down onto the object below them.

At most how many cubes can be removed?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

|S| = N

Each character in S is 0 or 1.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

Output

Print the maximum number of cubes that can be removed.

Sample Input 1

0011

Sample Output 1

4

All four cubes can be removed, by performing the operation as follows:

Remove the second and third cubes from the bottom. Then, the fourth cube drops onto the first cube.

Remove the first and second cubes from the bottom.

Sample Input 2

11011010001011

Sample Output 2

12

Sample Input 3

0

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using static Asakatsu20200325B.Input;

namespace Asakatsu20200325B
{
    static class Input
    {
        private static Func<string, T[]> Cast<T>() => _ => _.Split(' ').Select(Convert<T>()).ToArray();

        private static Func<string, T> Convert<T>()
        {
            Type t = typeof(T);
            if (t == typeof(string)) return _ => (T) (object) _;
            if (t == typeof(int)) return _ => (T) (object) int.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(long)) return _ => (T) (object) long.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(double)) return _ => (T) (object) double.Parse(_);
            if (t == typeof(string[])) return _ => (T) (object) _.Split(' ');
            if (t == typeof(int[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<int>()(_);
            if (t == typeof(long[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<long>()(_);
            if (t == typeof(double[])) return _ => (T) (object) Cast<double>()(_);

            throw new NotSupportedException(t + "is not supported.");
        }

        private static T Convert<T>(string s) => Convert<T>()(s);

        private static string String() => Console.ReadLine();

        private static string[] String(long rowNumber) => new bool[rowNumber].Select(_ => String()).ToArray();

        public static void Cin<T>(out T a) => a = Convert<T>(String());

        public static void Cin<T1, T2>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2)
        {
            var v = String().Split(' ');
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3)
        {
            var v = String().Split(' ');
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4)
        {
            var v = String().Split(' ');
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4, out T5 a5)
        {
            var v = String().Split(' ');
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
            set(v[4], out a5);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>(out T1 a1, out T2 a2, out T3 a3, out T4 a4, out T5 a5, out T6 a6)
        {
            var v = String().Split(' ');
            set(v[0], out a1);
            set(v[1], out a2);
            set(v[2], out a3);
            set(v[3], out a4);
            set(v[4], out a5);
            set(v[5], out a6);
        }

        private static void set<T1>(string s, out T1 o1) => o1 = Convert<T1>(s);

        public static void Cin<T>(long n, out T[] l) => l = String(n).Select(Convert<T>()).ToArray();

        public static void Cin<T1, T2>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2, out T3[] l3)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            l3 = new T3[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i], out l3[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T1, T2, T3, T4>(long n, out T1[] l1, out T2[] l2, out T3[] l3, out T4[] l4)
        {
            l1 = new T1[n];
            l2 = new T2[n];
            l3 = new T3[n];
            l4 = new T4[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) Cin(out l1[i], out l2[i], out l3[i], out l4[i]);
        }

        public static void Cin<T>(out T[] a) => a = Convert<T[]>(String());

        public static void Cin<T>(long h, out T[][] map) => map = String(h).Select(Convert<T[]>()).ToArray();
    }

    class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) {AutoFlush = false};
            Console.SetOut(streamWriter);
            new Solver().Solve();
            Console.Out.Flush();
        }

        public static void Debug()
        {
            new Solver().Solve();
        }
    }

    class Solver
    {
        private string S;

        public void Solve()
        {
            Cin(out S);
            int z = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < S.Length; i++)
            {
                if (S[i] == '0') z++;
            }

            Console.WriteLine(S.Length - Math.Abs(S.Length - z * 2));
        }
    }
}