Problem:
0-1 Knapsack Problem

You have N items that you want to put them into a knapsack. Item i has value vi and weight wi.

You want to find a subset of items to put such that:

The total value of the items is as large as possible.

The items have combined weight at most W, that is capacity of the knapsack.

Find the maximum total value of items in the knapsack.

Input

N W
v1 w1
v2 w2
:
vN wN

The first line consists of the integers N and W. In the following lines, the value and weight of the i-th item are given.

Output

Print the maximum total values of the items in a line.

Constraints

1 ≤ N ≤ 100

1 ≤ vi ≤ 1000

1 ≤ wi ≤ 1000

1 ≤ W ≤ 10000

Sample Input 1

4 5
4 2
5 2
2 1
8 3

Sample Output 1

13

Sample Input 2

2 20
5 9
4 10

Sample Output 2

9

Solution in C# (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using static System.Math;

namespace CsharpSpiral {
    partial class Program {
        static void Main(string[] args) {
            var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false };
            Console.SetOut(sw);
            new Program().Solve(new ConsoleInput(Console.In, ' '));
            Console.Out.Flush();
        }
        public void Solve(ConsoleInput cin) {
            var N = cin.ReadInt;
            var W = cin.ReadInt;
            var dp = new int[W + 1];   //weight to value
            dp[0] = 0;
            for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
                var item = cin.ReadIntArray(2);
                var v = item[0];
                var w = item[1];
                for(int j = W - w; j >= 0; j--) {
                    dp[j + w] = Max(dp[j + w], dp[j] + v);
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine(dp.Last());
        }
    }

    static class ExtendClass {
        public static string Join<T>(this IEnumerable<T> X, string separator = " ") => string.Join(separator, X);
    }

    class ConsoleInput {
        private readonly TextReader _stream;
        private readonly char _separator = ' ';
        private readonly Queue<string> inputStream;
        public ConsoleInput(TextReader stream, char separator = ' ') {
            this._separator = separator;
            this._stream = stream;
            inputStream = new Queue<string>();
        }
        public string Read {
            get {
                if(inputStream.Count != 0) return inputStream.Dequeue();
                string[] tmp = _stream.ReadLine().Split(_separator);
                for(int i = 0; i < tmp.Length; ++i)
                    inputStream.Enqueue(tmp[i]);
                return inputStream.Dequeue();
            }
        }
        public string ReadLine { get { return _stream.ReadLine(); } }
        public int ReadInt { get { return int.Parse(Read); } }
        public long ReadLong { get { return long.Parse(Read); } }
        public double ReadDouble { get { return double.Parse(Read); } }
        public string[] ReadStrArray(long N) {
            var ret = new string[N];
            for(long i = 0; i < N; ++i)
                ret[i] = Read;
            return ret;
        }
        public int[] ReadIntArray(long N) { var ret = new int[N]; for(long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ReadInt; return ret; }
        public long[] ReadLongArray(long N) { var ret = new long[N]; for(long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ReadLong; return ret; }
        public double[] ReadDoubleArray(long N) { var ret = new double[N]; for(long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ReadDouble; return ret; }
    }

}