Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

There are N bags of biscuits. The i-th bag contains A_i biscuits.

Takaki will select some of these bags and eat all of the biscuits inside.
Here, it is also possible to select all or none of the bags.

He would like to select bags so that the total number of biscuits inside is congruent to P modulo 2.
How many such ways to select bags there are?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 50

P = 0 or 1

1 \leq A_i \leq 100

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N P
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the number of ways to select bags so that the total number of biscuits inside is congruent to P modulo 2.

Sample Input 1

2 0
1 3

Sample Output 1

2

There are two ways to select bags so that the total number of biscuits inside is congruent to 0 modulo 2:

Select neither bag. The total number of biscuits is 0.

Select both bags. The total number of biscuits is 4.

Sample Input 2

1 1
50

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

3 0
1 1 1

Sample Output 3

4

Two bags are distinguished even if they contain the same number of biscuits.

Sample Input 4

45 1
17 55 85 55 74 20 90 67 40 70 39 89 91 50 16 24 14 43 24 66 25 9 89 71 41 16 53 13 61 15 85 72 62 67 42 26 36 66 4 87 59 91 4 25 26

Sample Output 4

17592186044416

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using static System.Math;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
namespace Program
{
    public static class AGC017A
    {
        static public int numberOfRandomCases = 0;
        static public void MakeTestCase(List<string> _input, List<string> _output, ref Func<string[], bool> _outputChecker)
        {
        }
        static public void Solve()
        {
            var N = NN;
            var P = NN;
            var AList = NNList(N);
            var ans = 0L;
            var ki = 0L;
            var kiCount = AList.Count(e => e % 2 == 1);
            var guCount = AList.Count(e => e % 2 == 0);
            if (kiCount == 0)
            {
                if (P == 1)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(0);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine((long)(Math.Pow(2, N) + 0.3) );
                }
                return;
            }
            ki = (long)(Math.Pow(2, N - 1) + 0.3);
            ans = ki;
            if (P == 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ans);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine((long)(Math.Pow(2, N) + 0.3) - ans);
            }
        }
        static public void Main(string[] args) { if (args.Length == 0) { var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false }; Console.SetOut(sw); } var t = new Thread(Solve, 134217728); t.Start(); t.Join(); Console.Out.Flush(); }
        static class Console_
        {
            static Queue<string> param = new Queue<string>();
            public static string NextString() { if (param.Count == 0) foreach (var item in Console.ReadLine().Split(' ')) param.Enqueue(item); return param.Dequeue(); }
        }
        static long NN => long.Parse(Console_.NextString());
        static double ND => double.Parse(Console_.NextString());
        static string NS => Console_.NextString();
        static long[] NNList(long N) => Repeat(0, N).Select(_ => NN).ToArray();
        static double[] NDList(long N) => Repeat(0, N).Select(_ => ND).ToArray();
        static string[] NSList(long N) => Repeat(0, N).Select(_ => NS).ToArray();
        static IEnumerable<T> OrderByRand<T>(this IEnumerable<T> x) => x.OrderBy(_ => xorshift);
        static IEnumerable<T> Repeat<T>(T v, long n) => Enumerable.Repeat<T>(v, (int)n);
        static IEnumerable<int> Range(long s, long c) => Enumerable.Range((int)s, (int)c);
        static void RevSort<T>(T[] l) where T : IComparable { Array.Sort(l, (x, y) => y.CompareTo(x)); }
        static void RevSort<T>(T[] l, Comparison<T> comp) where T : IComparable { Array.Sort(l, (x, y) => comp(y, x)); }
        static IEnumerable<long> Primes(long x) { if (x < 2) yield break; yield return 2; var halfx = x / 2; var table = new bool[halfx + 1]; var max = (long)(Math.Sqrt(x) / 2); for (long i = 1; i <= max; ++i) { if (table[i]) continue; var add = 2 * i + 1; yield return add; for (long j = 2 * i * (i + 1); j <= halfx; j += add) table[j] = true; } for (long i = max + 1; i <= halfx; ++i) if (!table[i] && 2 * i + 1 <= x) yield return 2 * i + 1; }
        static IEnumerable<long> Factors(long x) { if (x < 2) yield break; while (x % 2 == 0) { x /= 2; yield return 2; } var max = (long)Math.Sqrt(x); for (long i = 3; i <= max; i += 2) while (x % i == 0) { x /= i; yield return i; } if (x != 1) yield return x; }
        static IEnumerable<long> Divisor(long x) { if (x < 1) yield break; var max = (long)Math.Sqrt(x); for (long i = 1; i <= max; ++i) { if (x % i != 0) continue; yield return i; if (i != x / i) yield return x / i; } }
        static uint xorshift { get { _xsi.MoveNext(); return _xsi.Current; } }
        static IEnumerator<uint> _xsi = _xsc();
        static IEnumerator<uint> _xsc() { uint x = 123456789, y = 362436069, z = 521288629, w = (uint)(DateTime.Now.Ticks & 0xffffffff); while (true) { var t = x ^ (x << 11); x = y; y = z; z = w; w = (w ^ (w >> 19)) ^ (t ^ (t >> 8)); yield return w; } }
        static long GCD(long a, long b) { while (b > 0) { var tmp = b; b = a % b; a = tmp; } return a; }
        static long LCM(long a, long b) => a * b / GCD(a, b);
        static Mat<T> Pow<T>(Mat<T> x, long y) => Mat<T>.Pow(x, y);
        static Mod Pow(Mod x, long y) { Mod a = 1; while (y != 0) { if ((y & 1) == 1) a.Mul(x); x.Mul(x); y >>= 1; } return a; }
        static long Pow(long x, long y) { long a = 1; while (y != 0) { if ((y & 1) == 1) a *= x; x *= x; y >>= 1; } return a; }
        static List<long> _fact = new List<long>() { 1 };
        static void _B(long n) { if (n >= _fact.Count) for (int i = _fact.Count; i <= n; ++i) _fact.Add(_fact[i - 1] * i); }
        static long Comb(long n, long k) { _B(n); if (n == 0 && k == 0) return 1; if (n < k || n < 0) return 0; return _fact[(int)n] / _fact[(int)(n - k)] / _fact[(int)k]; }
        static long Perm(long n, long k) { _B(n); if (n == 0 && k == 0) return 1; if (n < k || n < 0) return 0; return _fact[(int)n] / _fact[(int)(n - k)]; }
        static Func<TR> Lambda<TR>(Func<Func<TR>, TR> f) { Func<TR> t = () => default(TR); return t = () => f(t); }
        static Func<T1, TR> Lambda<T1, TR>(Func<T1, Func<T1, TR>, TR> f) { Func<T1, TR> t = x1 => default(TR); return t = x1 => f(x1, t); }
        static Func<T1, T2, TR> Lambda<T1, T2, TR>(Func<T1, T2, Func<T1, T2, TR>, TR> f) { Func<T1, T2, TR> t = (x1, x2) => default(TR); return t = (x1, x2) => f(x1, x2, t); }
        static Func<T1, T2, T3, TR> Lambda<T1, T2, T3, TR>(Func<T1, T2, T3, Func<T1, T2, T3, TR>, TR> f) { Func<T1, T2, T3, TR> t = (x1, x2, x3) => default(TR); return t = (x1, x2, x3) => f(x1, x2, x3, t); }
        static Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, TR> Lambda<T1, T2, T3, T4, TR>(Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, TR>, TR> f) { Func<T1, T2, T3, T4, TR> t = (x1, x2, x3, x4) => default(TR); return t = (x1, x2, x3, x4) => f(x1, x2, x3, x4, t); }
        static List<T> LCS<T>(T[] s, T[] t) where T : IEquatable<T> { int sl = s.Length, tl = t.Length; var dp = new int[sl + 1, tl + 1]; for (var i = 0; i < sl; i++) for (var j = 0; j < tl; j++) dp[i + 1, j + 1] = s[i].Equals(t[j]) ? dp[i, j] + 1 : Max(dp[i + 1, j], dp[i, j + 1]); { var r = new List<T>(); int i = sl, j = tl; while (i > 0 && j > 0) if (s[--i].Equals(t[--j])) r.Add(s[i]); else if (dp[i, j + 1] > dp[i + 1, j]) ++j; else ++i; r.Reverse(); return r; } }
        static long LIS<T>(T[] array, bool strict) { var l = new List<T>(); foreach (var e in array) { var i = l.BinarySearch(e); if (i < 0) i = ~i; else if (!strict) ++i; if (i == l.Count) l.Add(e); else l[i] = e; } return l.Count; }
        class PQ<T> where T : IComparable
        {
            List<T> h; Comparison<T> c; public T Peek => h[0]; public int Count => h.Count;
            public PQ(int cap, Comparison<T> c, bool asc = true) { h = new List<T>(cap); this.c = asc ? c : (x, y) => c(y, x); }
            public PQ(Comparison<T> c, bool asc = true) { h = new List<T>(); this.c = asc ? c : (x, y) => c(y, x); }
            public PQ(int cap, bool asc = true) : this(cap, (x, y) => x.CompareTo(y), asc) { }
            public PQ(bool asc = true) : this((x, y) => x.CompareTo(y), asc) { }
            public void Push(T v) { var i = h.Count; h.Add(v); while (i > 0) { var ni = (i - 1) / 2; if (c(v, h[ni]) >= 0) break; h[i] = h[ni]; i = ni; } h[i] = v; }
            public T Pop() { var r = h[0]; var v = h[h.Count - 1]; h.RemoveAt(h.Count - 1); if (h.Count == 0) return r; var i = 0; while (i * 2 + 1 < h.Count) { var i1 = i * 2 + 1; var i2 = i * 2 + 2; if (i2 < h.Count && c(h[i1], h[i2]) > 0) i1 = i2; if (c(v, h[i1]) <= 0) break; h[i] = h[i1]; i = i1; } h[i] = v; return r; }
        }
        class PQ<TK, TV> where TK : IComparable
        {
            PQ<Tuple<TK, TV>> q; public Tuple<TK, TV> Peek => q.Peek; public int Count => q.Count;
            public PQ(int cap, Comparison<TK> c, bool asc = true) { q = new PQ<Tuple<TK, TV>>(cap, (x, y) => c(x.Item1, y.Item1), asc); }
            public PQ(Comparison<TK> c, bool asc = true) { q = new PQ<Tuple<TK, TV>>((x, y) => c(x.Item1, y.Item1), asc); }
            public PQ(int cap, bool asc = true) : this(cap, (x, y) => x.CompareTo(y), asc) { }
            public PQ(bool asc = true) : this((x, y) => x.CompareTo(y), asc) { }
            public void Push(TK k, TV v) => q.Push(Tuple.Create(k, v));
            public Tuple<TK, TV> Pop() => q.Pop();
        }
        public class UF
        {
            long[] d;
            public UF(long s) { d = Repeat(-1L, s).ToArray(); }
            public bool Unite(long x, long y) { x = Root(x); y = Root(y); if (x != y) { if (d[y] < d[x]) { var t = y; y = x; x = t; } d[x] += d[y]; d[y] = x; } return x != y; }
            public bool IsSame(long x, long y) => Root(x) == Root(y);
            public long Root(long x) => d[x] < 0 ? x : d[x] = Root(d[x]);
            public long Count(long x) => -d[Root(x)];
        }
        struct Mod : IEquatable<Mod>, IEquatable<long>
        {
            static public long _mod = 1000000007; long v;
            public Mod(long x) { if (x < _mod && x >= 0) v = x; else if ((v = x % _mod) < 0) v += _mod; }
            static public implicit operator Mod(long x) => new Mod(x);
            static public implicit operator long(Mod x) => x.v;
            public void Add(Mod x) { if ((v += x.v) >= _mod) v -= _mod; }
            public void Sub(Mod x) { if ((v -= x.v) < 0) v += _mod; }
            public void Mul(Mod x) => v = (v * x.v) % _mod;
            public void Div(Mod x) => v = (v * Inverse(x.v)) % _mod;
            static public Mod operator +(Mod x, Mod y) { var t = x.v + y.v; return t >= _mod ? new Mod { v = t - _mod } : new Mod { v = t }; }
            static public Mod operator -(Mod x, Mod y) { var t = x.v - y.v; return t < 0 ? new Mod { v = t + _mod } : new Mod { v = t }; }
            static public Mod operator *(Mod x, Mod y) => x.v * y.v;
            static public Mod operator /(Mod x, Mod y) => x.v * Inverse(y.v);
            static public bool operator ==(Mod x, Mod y) => x.v == y.v;
            static public bool operator !=(Mod x, Mod y) => x.v != y.v;
            static public long Inverse(long x) { long b = _mod, r = 1, u = 0, t = 0; while (b > 0) { var q = x / b; t = u; u = r - q * u; r = t; t = b; b = x - q * b; x = t; } return r < 0 ? r + _mod : r; }
            public bool Equals(Mod x) => v == x.v;
            public bool Equals(long x) => v == x;
            public override bool Equals(object x) => x == null ? false : Equals((Mod)x);
            public override int GetHashCode() => v.GetHashCode();
            public override string ToString() => v.ToString();
            static List<Mod> _fact = new List<Mod>() { 1 };
            static void B(long n) { if (n >= _fact.Count) for (int i = _fact.Count; i <= n; ++i) _fact.Add(_fact[i - 1] * i); }
            static public Mod Comb(long n, long k) { B(n); if (n == 0 && k == 0) return 1; if (n < k || n < 0) return 0; return _fact[(int)n] / _fact[(int)(n - k)] / _fact[(int)k]; }
            static public Mod Perm(long n, long k) { B(n); if (n == 0 && k == 0) return 1; if (n < k || n < 0) return 0; return _fact[(int)n] / _fact[(int)(n - k)]; }
        }
        struct Mat<T>
        {
            T[,] m;
            public Mat(T[,] v) { m = (T[,])v.Clone(); }
            static public implicit operator Mat<T>(T[,] v) => new Mat<T>(v);
            public T this[int r, int c] { get { return m[r, c]; } set { m[r, c] = value; } }
            static public Mat<T> operator +(Mat<T> a, T x) { var tm = (T[,])a.m.Clone(); for (int r = 0; r < tm.GetLength(0); ++r) for (int c = 0; c < tm.GetLength(1); ++c) tm[r, c] += (dynamic)x; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> operator +(Mat<T> a, Mat<T> b) { var tm = (T[,])a.m.Clone(); for (int r = 0; r < tm.GetLength(0); ++r) for (int c = 0; c < tm.GetLength(1); ++c) tm[r, c] += (dynamic)b[r, c]; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> operator -(Mat<T> a, T x) { var tm = (T[,])a.m.Clone(); for (int r = 0; r < tm.GetLength(0); ++r) for (int c = 0; c < tm.GetLength(1); ++c) tm[r, c] -= (dynamic)x; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> operator -(Mat<T> a, Mat<T> b) { var tm = (T[,])a.m.Clone(); for (int r = 0; r < tm.GetLength(0); ++r) for (int c = 0; c < tm.GetLength(1); ++c) tm[r, c] -= (dynamic)b[r, c]; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> operator *(Mat<T> a, T x) { var tm = (T[,])a.m.Clone(); for (int r = 0; r < tm.GetLength(0); ++r) for (int c = 0; c < tm.GetLength(1); ++c) tm[r, c] *= (dynamic)x; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> operator *(Mat<T> a, Mat<T> b) { var nr = a.m.GetLength(0); var nc = b.m.GetLength(1); var tm = new T[nr, nc]; for (int i = 0; i < nr; ++i) for (int j = 0; j < nc; ++j) tm[i, j] = (dynamic)0; for (int r = 0; r < nr; ++r) for (int c = 0; c < nc; ++c) for (int i = 0; i < a.m.GetLength(1); ++i) tm[r, c] += a[r, i] * (dynamic)b[i, c]; return tm; }
            static public Mat<T> Pow(Mat<T> x, long y) { var n = x.m.GetLength(0); var t = (Mat<T>)new T[n, n]; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) t[i, j] = (dynamic)(i == j ? 1 : 0); while (y != 0) { if ((y & 1) == 1) t *= x; x *= x; y >>= 1; } return t; }
        }
        class Tree
        {
            long N; int l; List<long>[] p; int[] d; long[][] pr; long r; Tuple<long, long, int>[] e; Tuple<long, long>[] b; bool lca; bool euler; bool bfs;
            public Tree(List<long>[] p_, long r_) { N = p_.Length; p = p_; r = r_; lca = false; euler = false; }
            public Tuple<long, long>[] BFSRoot() { if (!bfs) { var nb = new List<Tuple<long, long>>(); var q = new Queue<long>(); var d = new bool[N]; nb.Add(Tuple.Create(r, -1L)); d[r] = true; q.Enqueue(r); while (q.Count > 0) { var w = q.Dequeue(); foreach (var i in p[w]) { if (d[i]) continue; d[i] = true; q.Enqueue(i); nb.Add(Tuple.Create(i, w)); } } b = nb.ToArray(); bfs = true; } return b; }
            public Tuple<long, long>[] BFSLeaf() => BFSRoot().Reverse().ToArray();
            public Tuple<long, long, int>[] Euler() { if (!euler) { var ne = new List<Tuple<long, long, int>>(); var s = new Stack<Tuple<long, long>>(); var d = new bool[N]; d[r] = true; s.Push(Tuple.Create(r, -1L)); while (s.Count > 0) { var w = s.Peek(); var ad = true; foreach (var i in p[w.Item1]) { if (d[i]) continue; d[i] = true; ad = false; s.Push(Tuple.Create(i, w.Item1)); } if (!ad || p[w.Item1].Count == 1) ne.Add(Tuple.Create(w.Item1, w.Item2, 1)); if (ad) { s.Pop(); ne.Add(Tuple.Create(w.Item1, w.Item2, -1)); } } e = ne.ToArray(); euler = true; } return e; }
            public long LCA(long u, long v) { if (!lca) { l = 0; while (N > (1 << l)) l++; d = new int[N]; pr = Repeat(0, l).Select(_ => new long[N]).ToArray(); d[r] = 0; pr[0][r] = -1; var q = new Stack<long>(); q.Push(r); while (q.Count > 0) { var w = q.Pop(); foreach (var i in p[w]) { if (i == pr[0][w]) continue; q.Push(i); d[i] = d[w] + 1; pr[0][i] = w; } } for (var k = 0; k + 1 < l; k++) for (var w = 0; w < N; w++) if (pr[k][w] < 0) pr[k + 1][w] = -1; else pr[k + 1][w] = pr[k][pr[k][w]]; lca = true; } if (d[u] > d[v]) { var t = u; u = v; v = t; } for (var k = 0; k < l; k++) if ((((d[v] - d[u]) >> k) & 1) != 0) v = pr[k][v]; if (u == v) return u; for (var k = l - 1; k >= 0; k--) if (pr[k][u] != pr[k][v]) { u = pr[k][u]; v = pr[k][v]; } return pr[0][u]; }
        }
        class Graph
        {
            int n; List<Tuple<int, int, long>> pathList; Dictionary<int, long>[] vtxPath; long INF = (long.MaxValue >> 1) - 1;
            public Graph(long _n)
            {
                n = (int)_n;
                pathList = new List<Tuple<int, int, long>>();
                vtxPath = Repeat(0, n).Select(_ => new Dictionary<int, long>()).ToArray();
            }
            public void AddPath(long a, long b, long c)
            {
                pathList.Add(Tuple.Create((int)a, (int)b, c));
                vtxPath[a][(int)b] = vtxPath[a].ContainsKey((int)b) ? Min(vtxPath[a][(int)b], c) : c;
            }
            public long[,] WarshallFloyd()
            {
                var ret = new long[n, n];
                for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
                    for (var j = 0; j < n; j++)
                        ret[i, j] = vtxPath[i].ContainsKey(j) ? vtxPath[i][j] : INF;
                for (var k = 0; k < n; k++)
                    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
                        for (var j = 0; j < n; j++)
                            ret[i, j] = Min(ret[i, j], ret[i, k] + ret[k, j]);
                return ret;
            }
            public Tuple<long[], int?[], bool[]> BellmanFord(long s)
            {
                var dist = Repeat(INF, n).ToArray();
                var pred = new int?[n];
                var neg = new bool[n];
                dist[s] = 0;
                for (var i = 1; i < n; i++)
                    foreach (var path in pathList)
                        if (dist[path.Item2] > (dist[path.Item1] == INF ? INF : dist[path.Item1] + path.Item3))
                        {
                            dist[path.Item2] = dist[path.Item1] + path.Item3;
                            pred[path.Item2] = path.Item1;
                        }
                for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
                    foreach (var path in pathList)
                        if (dist[path.Item2] > (dist[path.Item1] == INF ? INF : dist[path.Item1] + path.Item3) || neg[path.Item1])
                        {
                            dist[path.Item2] = dist[path.Item1] + path.Item3;
                            neg[path.Item2] = true;
                        }
                return Tuple.Create(dist, pred, neg);
            }
            public Tuple<long[], int?[]> Dijkstra(long s)
            {
                var dist = Repeat(long.MaxValue >> 2, n).ToArray();
                var pred = new int?[n];
                dist[s] = 0;
                var q = new PQ<long, int>();
                q.Push(0, (int)s);
                while (q.Count > 0)
                {
                    var u = q.Pop().Item2;
                    foreach (var path in vtxPath[u])
                    {
                        var v = path.Key;
                        var alt = dist[u] + path.Value;
                        if (dist[v] > alt)
                        {
                            dist[v] = alt;
                            pred[v] = u;
                            q.Push(alt, v);
                        }
                    }
                }
                return Tuple.Create(dist, pred);
            }
        }
        class BT<T> where T : IComparable
        {
            class Node { public Node l; public Node r; public T v; public bool b; public int c; }
            Comparison<T> c; Node r; bool ch; T lm;
            public BT(Comparison<T> _c) { c = _c; }
            public BT() : this((x, y) => x.CompareTo(y)) { }
            bool R(Node n) => n != null && !n.b;
            bool B(Node n) => n != null && n.b;
            long C(Node n) => n?.c ?? 0;
            Node RtL(Node n) { Node m = n.r, t = m.l; m.l = n; n.r = t; n.c -= m.c - (t?.c ?? 0); m.c += n.c - (t?.c ?? 0); return m; }
            Node RtR(Node n) { Node m = n.l, t = m.r; m.r = n; n.l = t; n.c -= m.c - (t?.c ?? 0); m.c += n.c - (t?.c ?? 0); return m; }
            Node RtLR(Node n) { n.l = RtL(n.l); return RtR(n); }
            Node RtRL(Node n) { n.r = RtR(n.r); return RtL(n); }
            public void Add(T x) { r = A(r, x); r.b = true; }
            Node A(Node n, T x) { if (n == null) { ch = true; return new Node() { v = x, c = 1 }; } if (c(x, n.v) < 0) n.l = A(n.l, x); else n.r = A(n.r, x); n.c++; return Bl(n); }
            Node Bl(Node n) { if (!ch) return n; if (!B(n)) return n; if (R(n.l) && R(n.l.l)) { n = RtR(n); n.l.b = true; } else if (R(n.l) && R(n.l.r)) { n = RtLR(n); n.l.b = true; } else if (R(n.r) && R(n.r.l)) { n = RtRL(n); n.r.b = true; } else if (R(n.r) && R(n.r.r)) { n = RtL(n); n.r.b = true; } else ch = false; return n; }
            public void Remove(T x) { r = Rm(r, x); if (r != null) r.b = true; }
            Node Rm(Node n, T x) { if (n == null) { ch = false; return n; } n.c--; var r = c(x, n.v); if (r < 0) { n.l = Rm(n.l, x); return BlL(n); } if (r > 0) { n.r = Rm(n.r, x); return BlR(n); } if (n.l == null) { ch = n.b; return n.r; } n.l = RmM(n.l); n.v = lm; return BlL(n); }
            Node RmM(Node n) { n.c--; if (n.r != null) { n.r = RmM(n.r); return BlR(n); } lm = n.v; ch = n.b; return n.l; }
            Node BlL(Node n) { if (!ch) return n; if (B(n.r) && R(n.r.l)) { var b = n.b; n = RtRL(n); n.b = b; n.l.b = true; ch = false; } else if (B(n.r) && R(n.r.r)) { var b = n.b; n = RtL(n); n.b = b; n.r.b = true; n.l.b = true; ch = false; } else if (B(n.r)) { ch = n.b; n.b = true; n.r.b = false; } else { n = RtL(n); n.b = true; n.l.b = false; n.l = BlL(n.l); ch = false; } return n; }
            Node BlR(Node n) { if (!ch) return n; if (B(n.l) && R(n.l.r)) { var b = n.b; n = RtLR(n); n.b = b; n.r.b = true; ch = false; } else if (B(n.l) && R(n.l.l)) { var b = n.b; n = RtR(n); n.b = b; n.l.b = true; n.r.b = true; ch = false; } else if (B(n.l)) { ch = n.b; n.b = true; n.l.b = false; } else { n = RtR(n); n.b = true; n.r.b = false; n.r = BlR(n.r); ch = false; } return n; }
            public T this[long i] { get { return At(r, i); } }
            T At(Node n, long i) { if (n == null) return default(T); if (n.l == null) if (i == 0) return n.v; else return At(n.r, i - 1); if (n.l.c == i) return n.v; if (n.l.c > i) return At(n.l, i); return At(n.r, i - n.l.c - 1); }
            public bool Have(T x) { var t = FindUpper(x); return t < C(r) && At(r, t).CompareTo(x) == 0; }
            public long FindUpper(T x, bool allowSame = true) => allowSame ? FL(r, x) + 1 : FU(r, x);
            long FU(Node n, T x) { if (n == null) return 0; var r = c(x, n.v); if (r < 0) return FU(n.l, x); return C(n.l) + 1 + FU(n.r, x); }
            public long FindLower(T x, bool allowSame = true) { var t = FL(r, x); if (allowSame) return t + 1 < C(r) && At(r, t + 1).CompareTo(x) == 0 ? t + 1 : t < 0 ? C(r) : t; return t < 0 ? C(r) : t; }
            long FL(Node n, T x) { if (n == null) return -1; var r = c(x, n.v); if (r > 0) return C(n.l) + 1 + FL(n.r, x); return FL(n.l, x); }
            public T Min() { Node n = r, p = null; while (n != null) { p = n; n = n.l; } return p == null ? default(T) : p.v; }
            public T Max() { Node n = r, p = null; while (n != null) { p = n; n = n.r; } return p == null ? default(T) : p.v; }
            public bool Any() => r != null;
            public long Count() => C(r);
            public IEnumerable<T> List() => L(r);
            IEnumerable<T> L(Node n) { if (n == null) yield break; foreach (var i in L(n.l)) yield return i; yield return n.v; foreach (var i in L(n.r)) yield return i; }
        }
        class Dict<K, V> : Dictionary<K, V>
        {
            Func<K, V> d;
            public Dict(Func<K, V> _d) { d = _d; }
            public Dict() : this(_ => default(V)) { }
            new public V this[K i] { get { V v; return TryGetValue(i, out v) ? v : base[i] = d(i); } set { base[i] = value; } }
        }
        class Deque<T>
        {
            T[] b; int o, c;
            public int Count;
            public T this[int i] { get { return b[gi(i)]; } set { b[gi(i)] = value; } }
            public Deque(int cap = 16) { b = new T[c = cap]; }
            int gi(int i) { if (i >= c) throw new Exception(); var r = o + i; return r >= c ? r - c : r; }
            public void PushFront(T x) { if (Count == c) e(); if (--o < 0) o += b.Length; b[o] = x; ++Count; }
            public T PopFront() { if (Count-- == 0) throw new Exception(); var r = b[o++]; if (o >= c) o -= c; return r; }
            public T Front => b[o];
            public void PushBack(T x) { if (Count == c) e(); var i = o + Count++; b[i >= c ? i - c : i] = x; }
            public T PopBack() { if (Count == 0) throw new Exception(); return b[gi(--Count)]; }
            public T Back => b[gi(Count - 1)];
            void e() { T[] nb = new T[c << 1]; if (o > c - Count) { var l = b.Length - o; Array.Copy(b, o, nb, 0, l); Array.Copy(b, 0, nb, l, Count - l); } else Array.Copy(b, o, nb, 0, Count); b = nb; o = 0; c <<= 1; }
            public void Insert(int i, T x) { if (i > Count) throw new Exception(); this.PushFront(x); for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) this[j] = this[j + 1]; this[i] = x; }
            public T RemoveAt(int i) { if (i < 0 || i >= Count) throw new Exception(); var r = this[i]; for (int j = i; j > 0; j--) this[j] = this[j - 1]; this.PopFront(); return r; }
        }
        class SegTree<T>
        {
            int n; T ti; Func<T, T, T> f; T[] dat;
            public SegTree(long _n, T _ti, Func<T, T, T> _f) { n = 1; while (n < _n) n <<= 1; ti = _ti; f = _f; dat = Repeat(ti, n << 1).ToArray(); for (var i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) dat[i] = f(dat[(i << 1) | 0], dat[(i << 1) | 1]); }
            public SegTree(List<T> l, T _ti, Func<T, T, T> _f) : this(l.Count, _ti, _f) { for (var i = 0; i < l.Count; i++) dat[n + i] = l[i]; for (var i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) dat[i] = f(dat[(i << 1) | 0], dat[(i << 1) | 1]); }
            public void Update(long i, T v) { dat[i += n] = v; while ((i >>= 1) > 0) dat[i] = f(dat[(i << 1) | 0], dat[(i << 1) | 1]); }
            public T Query(long l, long r) { var vl = ti; var vr = ti; for (long li = n + l, ri = n + r; li < ri; li >>= 1, ri >>= 1) { if ((li & 1) == 1) vl = f(vl, dat[li++]); if ((ri & 1) == 1) vr = f(dat[--ri], vr); } return f(vl, vr); }
            public T this[long idx] { get { return dat[idx + n]; } set { Update(idx, value); } }
        }
        class LazySegTree<T, E>
        {
            int n, height; T ti; E ei; Func<T, T, T> f; Func<T, E, T> g; Func<E, E, E> h; T[] dat; E[] laz;
            public LazySegTree(long _n, T _ti, E _ei, Func<T, T, T> _f, Func<T, E, T> _g, Func<E, E, E> _h) { n = 1; height = 0; while (n < _n) { n <<= 1; ++height; } ti = _ti; ei = _ei; f = _f; g = _g; h = _h; dat = Repeat(ti, n << 1).ToArray(); laz = Repeat(ei, n << 1).ToArray(); for (var i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) dat[i] = f(dat[(i << 1) | 0], dat[(i << 1) | 1]); }
            public LazySegTree(List<T> l, T _ti, E _ei, Func<T, T, T> _f, Func<T, E, T> _g, Func<E, E, E> _h) : this(l.Count, _ti, _ei, _f, _g, _h) { for (var i = 0; i < l.Count; i++) dat[n + i] = l[i]; for (var i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) dat[i] = f(dat[(i << 1) | 0], dat[(i << 1) | 1]); }
            T Reflect(long i) => laz[i].Equals(ei) ? dat[i] : g(dat[i], laz[i]);
            void Eval(long i) { if (laz[i].Equals(ei)) return; laz[(i << 1) | 0] = h(laz[(i << 1) | 0], laz[i]); laz[(i << 1) | 1] = h(laz[(i << 1) | 1], laz[i]); dat[i] = Reflect(i); laz[i] = ei; }
            void Thrust(long i) { for (var j = height; j > 0; j--) Eval(i >> j); }
            void Recalc(long i) { while ((i >>= 1) > 0) dat[i] = f(Reflect((i << 1) | 0), Reflect((i << 1) | 1)); }
            public void Update(long l, long r, E v) { Thrust(l += n); Thrust(r += n - 1); for (long li = l, ri = r + 1; li < ri; li >>= 1, ri >>= 1) { if ((li & 1) == 1) { laz[li] = h(laz[li], v); ++li; } if ((ri & 1) == 1) { --ri; laz[ri] = h(laz[ri], v); } } Recalc(l); Recalc(r); }
            public T Query(long l, long r) { Thrust(l += n); Thrust(r += n - 1); var vl = ti; var vr = ti; for (long li = l, ri = r + 1; li < ri; li >>= 1, ri >>= 1) { if ((li & 1) == 1) vl = f(vl, Reflect(li++)); if ((ri & 1) == 1) vr = f(Reflect(--ri), vr); } return f(vl, vr); }
            public T this[long idx] { get { Thrust(idx += n); return dat[idx] = Reflect(idx); } set { Thrust(idx += n); dat[idx] = value; laz[idx] = ei; Recalc(idx); } }
        }
    }
}