Problem:
Score: 300 points

Problem Statement

Consider an analog clock whose hour and minute hands are A and B centimeters long, respectively.

An endpoint of the hour hand and an endpoint of the minute hand are fixed at the same point, around which each hand rotates clockwise at constant angular velocity. It takes the hour and minute hands 12 hours and 1 hour to make one full rotation, respectively.

At 0 o'clock, the two hands overlap each other. H hours and M minutes later, what is the distance in centimeters between the unfixed endpoints of the hands?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq A, B \leq 1000

0 \leq H \leq 11

0 \leq M \leq 59

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B H M

Output

Print the answer without units. Your output will be accepted when its absolute or relative error from the correct value is at most 10^{-9}.

Sample Input 1

3 4 9 0

Sample Output 1

5.00000000000000000000

The two hands will be in the positions shown in the figure below, so the answer is 5 centimeters.

Sample Input 2

3 4 10 40

Sample Output 2

4.56425719433005567605

The two hands will be in the positions shown in the figure below. Note that each hand always rotates at constant angular velocity.

Solution in C# (Mono-csc 3.5.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Diagnostics;
using static util;
using P = pair<int, int>;

class Program {
    static void Main(string[] args) {
        var sw = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput()) { AutoFlush = false };
        var solver = new Solver(sw);
        // var t = new Thread(solver.solve, 1 << 26); // 64 MB
        // t.Start();
        // t.Join();
        solver.solve();
        sw.Flush();
    }
}

class Solver {
    StreamWriter sw;
    Scan sc;
    void Prt(string a) => sw.WriteLine(a);
    void Prt<T>(IEnumerable<T> a) => Prt(string.Join(" ", a));
    void Prt(params object[] a) => Prt(string.Join(" ", a));
    public Solver(StreamWriter sw) {
        this.sw = sw;
        this.sc = new Scan();
    }

    public void solve() {
        int a, b, h, m;
        sc.Multi(out a, out b, out h, out m);
        double a1 = Math.PI * m / 30;
        double a2 = Math.PI * (h * 60 + m) / 360;
        Prt(Math.Sqrt(a * a + b * b - 2 * a * b * Math.Cos(a1 - a2)));
    }
}

class pair<T, U> : IComparable<pair<T, U>> {
    public T v1;
    public U v2;
    public pair() : this(default(T), default(U)) {}
    public pair(T v1, U v2) { this.v1 = v1; this.v2 = v2; }
    public int CompareTo(pair<T, U> a) {
        int c = Comparer<T>.Default.Compare(v1, a.v1);
        return c != 0 ? c : Comparer<U>.Default.Compare(v2, a.v2);
    }
    public override string ToString() => v1 + " " + v2;
    public void Deconstruct(out T a, out U b) { a = v1; b = v2; }
}
static class util {
    public static readonly int M = 1000000007;
    // public static readonly int M = 998244353;
    public static readonly long LM = 1L << 60;
    public static readonly double eps = 1e-11;
    public static void DBG(string a) => Console.Error.WriteLine(a);
    public static void DBG<T>(IEnumerable<T> a) => DBG(string.Join(" ", a));
    public static void DBG(params object[] a) => DBG(string.Join(" ", a));
    public static void Assert(params bool[] conds) {
        if (conds.Any(x => !x)) throw new Exception();
    }
    public static pair<T, U> make_pair<T, U>(T v1, U v2) => new pair<T, U>(v1, v2);
    public static int CompareList<T>(IList<T> a, IList<T> b) where T : IComparable<T> {
        for (int i = 0; i < a.Count && i < b.Count; i++)
            if (a[i].CompareTo(b[i]) != 0) return a[i].CompareTo(b[i]);
        return a.Count.CompareTo(b.Count);
    }
    public static bool inside(int i, int j, int h, int w) => i >= 0 && i < h && j >= 0 && j < w;
    public static readonly int[] dd = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };
    // static readonly string dstring = "RDLU";
    public static IEnumerable<P> adjacents(int i, int j)
        => Enumerable.Range(0, dd.Length).Select(k => new P(i + dd[k], j + dd[k ^ 1]));
    public static IEnumerable<P> adjacents(int i, int j, int h, int w)
        => adjacents(i, j).Where(p => inside(p.v1, p.v2, h, w));
    public static IEnumerable<P> adjacents(this P p) => adjacents(p.v1, p.v2);
    public static IEnumerable<P> adjacents(this P p, int h, int w) => adjacents(p.v1, p.v2, h, w);
    public static IEnumerable<int> all_subset(this int p) {
        for (int i = 0; ; i = i - p & p) {
            yield return i;
            if (i == p) break;
        }
    }
    public static Dictionary<T, int> compress<T>(this IEnumerable<T> a)
        => a.Distinct().OrderBy(v => v).Select((v, i) => new { v, i }).ToDictionary(p => p.v, p => p.i);
    public static Dictionary<T, int> compress<T>(params IEnumerable<T>[] a) => compress(a.SelectMany(x => x));
    public static T[] inv<T>(this Dictionary<T, int> dic) {
        var res = new T[dic.Count];
        foreach (var item in dic) res[item.Value] = item.Key;
        return res;
    }
    public static void swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b) where T : struct { var t = a; a = b; b = t; }
    public static void swap<T>(this IList<T> a, int i, int j) where T : struct { var t = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = t; }
    public static T[] copy<T>(this IList<T> a) {
        var ret = new T[a.Count];
        for (int i = 0; i < a.Count; i++) ret[i] = a[i];
        return ret;
    }
}

class Scan {
    StreamReader sr;
    public Scan() { sr = new StreamReader(Console.OpenStandardInput()); }
    public Scan(string path) { sr = new StreamReader(path); }
    public int Int => int.Parse(Str);
    public long Long => long.Parse(Str);
    public double Double => double.Parse(Str);
    public string Str => sr.ReadLine().Trim();
    public pair<T, U> Pair<T, U>() {
        T a; U b;
        Multi(out a, out b);
        return new pair<T, U>(a, b);
    }
    public P P => Pair<int, int>();
    public int[] IntArr => StrArr.Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
    public long[] LongArr => StrArr.Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
    public double[] DoubleArr => StrArr.Select(double.Parse).ToArray();
    public string[] StrArr => Str.Split(new[]{' '}, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
    bool eq<T, U>() => typeof(T).Equals(typeof(U));
    T ct<T, U>(U a) => (T)Convert.ChangeType(a, typeof(T));
    T cv<T>(string s) => eq<T, int>()    ? ct<T, int>(int.Parse(s))
                       : eq<T, long>()   ? ct<T, long>(long.Parse(s))
                       : eq<T, double>() ? ct<T, double>(double.Parse(s))
                       : eq<T, char>()   ? ct<T, char>(s[0])
                                         : ct<T, string>(s);
    public void Multi<T>(out T a) => a = cv<T>(Str);
    public void Multi<T, U>(out T a, out U b) {
        var ar = StrArr; a = cv<T>(ar[0]); b = cv<U>(ar[1]);
    }
    public void Multi<T, U, V>(out T a, out U b, out V c) {
        var ar = StrArr; a = cv<T>(ar[0]); b = cv<U>(ar[1]); c = cv<V>(ar[2]);
    }
    public void Multi<T, U, V, W>(out T a, out U b, out V c, out W d) {
        var ar = StrArr; a = cv<T>(ar[0]); b = cv<U>(ar[1]); c = cv<V>(ar[2]); d = cv<W>(ar[3]);
    }
    public void Multi<T, U, V, W, X>(out T a, out U b, out V c, out W d, out X e) {
        var ar = StrArr; a = cv<T>(ar[0]); b = cv<U>(ar[1]); c = cv<V>(ar[2]); d = cv<W>(ar[3]); e = cv<X>(ar[4]);
    }
}