Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

Caracal is fighting with a monster.

The health of the monster is H.

Caracal can attack by choosing one monster. When a monster is attacked, depending on that monster's health, the following happens:

If the monster's health is 1, it drops to 0.

If the monster's health, X, is greater than 1, that monster disappears. Then, two new monsters appear, each with the health of \lfloor X/2 \rfloor.

(\lfloor r \rfloor denotes the greatest integer not exceeding r.)

Caracal wins when the healths of all existing monsters become 0 or below.

Find the minimum number of attacks Caracal needs to make before winning.

Constraints

1 \leq H \leq 10^{12}

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

H

Output

Find the minimum number of attacks Caracal needs to make before winning.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

3

When Caracal attacks the initial monster, it disappears, and two monsters appear, each with the health of 1.

Then, Caracal can attack each of these new monsters once and win with a total of three attacks.

Sample Input 2

4

Sample Output 2

7

Sample Input 3

1000000000000

Sample Output 3

1099511627775

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Collections;

namespace Atcoder
{

    class Program
    {

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            StreamScanner scan = new StreamScanner(System.Console.OpenStandardInput());
            long h = scan.Long();
            long mo = (long)(Math.Log(h,2));
            Console.WriteLine(Math.Pow(2, mo) * 2 - 1) ;

        }
        static int solve(int[][] s, int k, int defkaisu)
        {
            int w = s[0].Length;
            int h = s.GetLength(0);
            int[] buf = new int[h];
            int kaisu = defkaisu;
            bool done = false;
            for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
            {
                done = false;
                for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
                {
                    if (done) { continue; }
                    if (s[i][j] > k) { return int.MaxValue; }
                    if (j > 0)
                    {
                        if (buf[i] + s[i][j] > k)
                        {
                            for (int l = 0; l < h; l++)
                            {
                                buf[l] = s[l][j];
                            }
                            kaisu++;done = true;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            buf[i] += s[i][j];
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        for (int l = 0; l < h; l++)
                        {
                            buf[l] = s[l][j]; 
                        }
                    }//j=0で↑をやり過ごしているならカットは不要
                }
            }
            return kaisu;
        }
 
        static long Syakutori(int[]a,long k)//しゃくとり法モデル:連続部分列に含まれるすべての要素の値の和がK以上
        {
            long sum = 0;
            int right = 0;
            long ans = 0;
            for (int left = 0; left < a.Length; left++)
            {
                while (right < a.Length&&sum<k)
                {
                    sum += a[right];right++;
                
                }
                if (k <= sum) { ans += a.Length - right + 1; }
                if (left == right) { right++; }
                else { sum -= a[left]; }
            }
            return ans;
        }
       static int[] zalgo(String s)
        {
            int n = s.Length;
            int[] ret = new int[n];
            ret[0] = n;
            int i = 1, j = 0;
            while (i < n)
            {
                while (i + j < n && s[j] == s[i + j])
                    ++j;
                ret[i] = j;
                if (j == 0)
                {
                    ++i;
                    continue;
                }
                int k = 1;
                while (i + k < n && k + ret[k] < j)
                {
                    ret[i + k] = ret[k];
                    ++k;
                }
                i += k;
                j -= k;
            }
            return ret;
        }
        static int gcd(int a,int b)
        {
            if (a % b == 0) { return b; }
            return gcd(b, a % b);
        }
        static int[]yousogotoplus(int[]a,int[]b)
        {
            int[] c = new int[a.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
            {
                c[i] = a[i] + b[i];
            }
            return c;
        }
        static int[] yousogotoplus(int[] a, int[,] b, int l)
        {
            int[] c = new int[a.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
            {
                c[i] = a[i] + b[l,i];
            }
            return c;
        }
        
        static int[] yousogotoplus(int[,] a,int l)
        {
            int[] c = new int[a.GetLength(1)];
            for (int i = 0; i < a.GetLength(1); i++)
            {
                c[i] = a[l, i];
            }
            return c;
        }
        static long solve(int mae,int ushiro,long[,]dp,int[]a,bool taro)
        {
            if (dp[mae, ushiro] > long.MinValue)
            {
                return dp[mae, ushiro];
            }
            if (ushiro - mae == 1)
            {
                if (taro) { dp[mae, ushiro] = a[mae]; return dp[mae, ushiro]; }
                else { dp[mae, ushiro] = -a[mae]; return dp[mae, ushiro]; }
            }

            if(taro)
            {
                long max = Math.Max(a[mae] + solve(mae + 1, ushiro, dp, a, !taro),
                    a[ushiro-1] + solve(mae, ushiro - 1, dp, a, !taro));
                dp[mae, ushiro] = max;
                return dp[mae, ushiro];
                
            }
            else
            {
                long min= Math.Min(-a[mae] + solve(mae + 1, ushiro, dp, a, !taro),
                    -a[ushiro-1] + solve(mae, ushiro - 1, dp, a, !taro));
                dp[mae, ushiro] = min;
                return dp[mae, ushiro];
            }
            
        }

        static int nibutan(int med,int[]a)//med以上が何個あるか
        {
            int mae = 0;
            int ato = a.Length;
            while (true)
            {
                if (ato - mae <= 1) {
                    return mae; }
                int mid = (mae + ato) / 2;
                if (a[mid] > med) { ato = mid; }
                if (a[mid] <= med) { mae = mid; }
            }
        }
        static int binary_search(int key, int[] moto)
        {
            int ng = -1;
            int ok = moto.Length;
            while (Math.Abs(ok - ng) > 1)
            {
                int mid = (ok + ng) / 2;
                if (isOK(mid, key, moto)) { ok = mid; }
                else { ng = mid; }
            }
            return ok;
        }
        static bool isOK(int index, int key,int[]moto)
        {
            return moto[index] >= key;
        }

        public static int h;
        public static int w;
        public static int BFS(int height, int width, char[,] map)
        {
            int[] dx = new int[] { -1, 0, 0, 1 };
            int[] dy = new int[] { 0, 1, -1, 0 };
            bool[,] visited = new bool[h, w];
            int[,] len = new int[h, w];
            var queue = new Queue<Tuple<int, int>>();
            queue.Enqueue(new Tuple<int, int>(height, width));
            int max = 0;
            visited[height, width] = true;

            while (queue.Count > 0)
            {
                var now = queue.Dequeue();
                for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                {
                    int ny = now.Item1 + dy[i];
                    int nx = now.Item2 + dx[i];
                    if (ny >= h || ny < 0 || nx >= w || nx < 0)
                        continue;
                    if (visited[ny, nx] || map[ny, nx] == '#')
                        continue;
                    visited[ny, nx] = true;
                    len[ny, nx] = len[now.Item1, now.Item2] + 1;
                    max = Math.Max(max, len[ny, nx]);
                    queue.Enqueue(new Tuple<int, int>(ny, nx));
                }
            }
            return max;
        }
    }
    public class StreamScanner
    {
        public StreamScanner(Stream stream) { str = stream; }
        private readonly Stream str;
        private readonly byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int len, ptr;
        public bool isEof = false;
        public bool IsEndOfStream { get { return isEof; } }
        private byte read()
        {
            if (isEof) throw new EndOfStreamException();
            if (ptr >= len)
            {
                ptr = 0;
                if ((len = str.Read(buf, 0, 1024)) <= 0)
                {
                    isEof = true;
                    return 0;
                }
            }
            return buf[ptr++];
        }
        public char Char()
        {
            byte b = 0;
            do b = read();
            while (b < 33 || 126 < b);
            return (char)b;
        }
        public char[] Char(int n)
        {
            char[] kore = new char[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                kore[i] = Char();
            }
            return kore;
        }
        public string Scan()
        {
            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (var b = Char(); b >= 33 && b <= 126; b = (char)read())
                sb.Append(b);
            return sb.ToString();
        }
        public long Long()
        {
            long ret = 0; byte b = 0; var ng = false;
            do b = read();
            while (b != '-' && (b < '0' || '9' < b));
            if (b == '-') { ng = true; b = read(); }
            for (; true; b = read())
            {
                if (b < '0' || '9' < b)
                    return ng ? -ret : ret;
                else ret = ret * 10 + b - '0';
            }
        }
        public long[]Long(int n)
        {
            long[] kore = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                kore[i] = Long();
            }
            return kore;
        }
        public int Integer() { return (int)Long(); }
        public int[]Integer(int n)
        {
            int[] kore = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                kore[i] = (int)Long();
            }
            return kore;
        }
        public int[,] Integer(int h,int w)
        {
            int[,] kore = new int[h,w];
            for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
                {
                    kore[i, j] = (int)Long();
                }
                
            }
            return kore;
        }

        public int[] StringToInt(int n)
        {
            char[] s = Scan().ToCharArray();
            int[] kore = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            {
                kore[i] = s[i] - '0';
            }
            return kore;
        }
        public int[,] StringToInt(int h,int w)
        {
         
            int[,] kore = new int[h,w];
            for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
            {
                char[] s = Scan().ToCharArray();
                for (int j = 0; j < w; j++)
                {
                    kore[i,j] = s[j] - '0';
                }
               
            }
            return kore;
        }

        public double Double() { return double.Parse(Scan(), CultureInfo.InvariantCulture); }
    }
    public class UnionFind
    {
        public int[] data;

        public UnionFind(int size)
        {
            data = new int[size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) data[i] = -1;
        }

        public bool Unite(int x, int y)
        {
            x = Root(x);
            y = Root(y);

            if (x != y)
            {
                if (data[y] < data[x])
                {
                    var tmp = y;
                    y = x;
                    x = tmp;
                }
                data[x] += data[y];
                data[y] = x;
            }
            return x != y;
        }

        public bool IsSameGroup(int x, int y)
        {
            return Root(x) == Root(y);
        }

        public int Root(int x)
        {
            return data[x] < 0 ? x : data[x] = Root(data[x]);
        }
    }
    public class Mlong
    {
        private static long mod = 1000000007;
        public long num;
        public Mlong(long num) { this.num = num; }
        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return num.GetHashCode();
        }
        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            return num.Equals(obj);
        }
        public static Mlong operator +(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return new Mlong((x.num + y.num) % mod);
        }
        public static Mlong operator -(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return new Mlong((x.num - y.num + mod) % mod);
        }
        public static Mlong operator *(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return new Mlong((long)(((1L * x.num) * y.num) % mod));
        }
        public Mlong hutujyo(Mlong x)
        {
            return new Mlong(num / x.num);
        }
        public Mlong modjyo(Mlong x)
        {
            return num * x.Pow(mod - 2);
        }
        public static implicit operator Mlong(long x)
        {
            return new Mlong(x);
        }
        public static Mlong operator %(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return new Mlong(x.num % y.num);
        }
        public static bool operator ==(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num == y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator !=(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num != y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator <(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num < y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator >(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num > y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator <=(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num <= y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator >=(Mlong x, Mlong y)
        {
            return x.num >= y.num;
        }
        public Mlong Pow(Mlong n)
        {

            if (n == 1) { return this % mod; }
            if (n % 2 == 1) { return (this * Pow(n - 1)) % mod; }
            Mlong buf = Pow(n.hutujyo(2));
            return (buf * buf) % mod;
        }
        public static Mlong Pow(Mlong a, Mlong n)
        {
            return a.Pow(n);
        }
        public static Mlong Comb(Mlong n, Mlong a)
        {
            Mlong buf1 = 1;
            Mlong buf2 = 1;
            for (long i = 0; i < a; i++)
            {
                buf1 *= n - i;
                buf2 *= (i + 1);
            }
            return buf1.modjyo(buf2);

        }
        public static void WriteLine(Mlong x)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x.num);

        }
    }
    public class Mint
    {
        private static int mod = 1000000007;
        public int num;
        public Mint(int Num) { num = Num; }
        public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            return num.GetHashCode();
        }
        public override bool Equals(object obj)
        {
            return num.Equals(obj);
        }
        public static Mint operator +(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return new Mint((x.num + y.num) % mod);
        }
        public static Mint operator -(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return new Mint((x.num - y.num + mod) % mod);
        }
        public static Mint operator *(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return new Mint((int)(((1L * x.num) * y.num) % mod));
        }
        public Mint hutujyo(Mint x)
        {
            return new Mint(num / x.num);
        }
        public Mint modjyo(Mint x)
        {
            return num * x.Pow(mod - 2);
        }
        public static implicit operator Mint(int x)
        {
            return new Mint(x);
        }
        public static Mint[] Toarray(int[] x)
        {
            Mint[] buf = new Mint[x.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; i++)
            {
                buf[i] = x[i];
            }
            return buf;
        }
        public static explicit operator int(Mint x)
        {
            return x.num;
        }
        public static Mint operator %(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return new Mint(x.num % y.num);
        }
        public static bool operator ==(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num == y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator !=(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num != y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator <(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num < y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator >(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num > y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator <=(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num <= y.num;
        }
        public static bool operator >=(Mint x, Mint y)
        {
            return x.num >= y.num;
        }
        public Mint Pow(Mint n)
        {

            if (n == 1) { return this % mod; }
            if (n % 2 == 1) { return (this * Pow(n - 1)) % mod; }
            Mint buf = Pow(n.hutujyo(2));
            return (buf * buf) % mod;
        }
        public static Mint Pow(Mint a, Mint n)
        {
            return a.Pow(n);
        }
        public static Mint Comb(Mint n, Mint a)
        {
            Mint buf1 = 1;
            Mint buf2 = 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < a; i++)
            {
                buf1 *= n - i;
                buf2 *= (i + 1);
            }
            return buf1.modjyo(buf2);

        }
        public static void WriteLine(Mint x)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(x.num);

        }
    }
    public class PriorityQueue<T> : IEnumerable<T>
    {
        private readonly List<T> _data = new List<T>();
        private readonly IComparer<T> _comparer;
        private readonly bool _isDescending;

        public PriorityQueue(IComparer<T> comparer, bool isDescending = true)
        {
            _comparer = comparer;
            _isDescending = isDescending;
        }

        public PriorityQueue(Comparison<T> comparison, bool isDescending = true)
            : this(Comparer<T>.Create(comparison), isDescending)
        {
        }

        public PriorityQueue(bool isDescending = true)
            : this(Comparer<T>.Default, isDescending)
        {
        }

        public void Enqueue(T item)
        {
            _data.Add(item);
            var childIndex = _data.Count - 1;
            while (childIndex > 0)
            {
                var parentIndex = (childIndex - 1) / 2;
                if (Compare(_data[childIndex], _data[parentIndex]) >= 0)
                    break;
                Swap(childIndex, parentIndex);
                childIndex = parentIndex;
            }
        }

        public T Dequeue()
        {
            var lastIndex = _data.Count - 1;
            var firstItem = _data[0];
            _data[0] = _data[lastIndex];
            _data.RemoveAt(lastIndex--);
            var parentIndex = 0;
            while (true)
            {
                var childIndex = parentIndex * 2 + 1;
                if (childIndex > lastIndex)
                    break;
                var rightChild = childIndex + 1;
                if (rightChild <= lastIndex && Compare(_data[rightChild], _data[childIndex]) < 0)
                    childIndex = rightChild;
                if (Compare(_data[parentIndex], _data[childIndex]) <= 0)
                    break;
                Swap(parentIndex, childIndex);
                parentIndex = childIndex;
            }
            return firstItem;
        }

        public T Peek()
        {
            return _data[0];
        }

        private void Swap(int a, int b)
        {
            var tmp = _data[a];
            _data[a] = _data[b];
            _data[b] = tmp;
        }

        private int Compare(T a, T b)
        {
            return _isDescending ? _comparer.Compare(b, a) : _comparer.Compare(a, b);
        }

        public int Count => _data.Count;

        public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
        {
            return _data.GetEnumerator();
        }

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Self-Balancing Binary Search Tree
    /// (using Randamized BST)
    /// </summary>
    public class SB_BinarySearchTree<T> where T : IComparable
    {
        public class Node
        {
            public T Value;
            public Node LChild;
            public Node RChild;
            public int Count;     //size of the sub tree

            public Node(T v)
            {
                Value = v;
                Count = 1;
            }
        }

        static Random _rnd = new Random();

        public static int Count(Node t)
        {
            return t == null ? 0 : t.Count;
        }

        static Node Update(Node t)
        {
            t.Count = Count(t.LChild) + Count(t.RChild) + 1;
            return t;
        }

        public static Node Merge(Node l, Node r)
        {
            if (l == null || r == null) return l == null ? r : l;

            if ((double)Count(l) / (double)(Count(l) + Count(r)) > _rnd.NextDouble())
            {
                l.RChild = Merge(l.RChild, r);
                return Update(l);
            }
            else
            {
                r.LChild = Merge(l, r.LChild);
                return Update(r);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// split as [0, k), [k, n)
        /// </summary>
        public static Tuple<Node, Node> Split(Node t, int k)
        {
            if (t == null) return new Tuple<Node, Node>(null, null);
            if (k <= Count(t.LChild))
            {
                var s = Split(t.LChild, k);
                t.LChild = s.Item2;
                return new Tuple<Node, Node>(s.Item1, Update(t));
            }
            else
            {
                var s = Split(t.RChild, k - Count(t.LChild) - 1);
                t.RChild = s.Item1;
                return new Tuple<Node, Node>(Update(t), s.Item2);
            }
        }

        public static Node Remove(Node t, T v)
        {
            if (Find(t, v) == null) return t;
            return RemoveAt(t, LowerBound(t, v));
        }

        public static Node RemoveAt(Node t, int k)
        {
            var s = Split(t, k);
            var s2 = Split(s.Item2, 1);
            return Merge(s.Item1, s2.Item2);
        }

        public static bool Contains(Node t, T v)
        {
            return Find(t, v) != null;
        }

        public static Node Find(Node t, T v)
        {
            while (t != null)
            {
                var cmp = t.Value.CompareTo(v);
                if (cmp > 0) t = t.LChild;
                else if (cmp < 0) t = t.RChild;
                else break;
            }
            return t;
        }

        public static Node FindByIndex(Node t, int idx)
        {
            if (t == null) return null;

            var currentIdx = Count(t) - Count(t.RChild) - 1;
            while (t != null)
            {
                if (currentIdx == idx) return t;
                if (currentIdx > idx)
                {
                    t = t.LChild;
                    currentIdx -= (Count(t == null ? null : t.RChild) + 1);
                }
                else
                {
                    t = t.RChild;
                    currentIdx += (Count(t == null ? null : t.LChild) + 1);
                }
            }

            return null;
        }

        public static int UpperBound(Node t, T v)
        {
            var torg = t;
            if (t == null) return -1;

            var ret = Int32.MaxValue;
            var idx = Count(t) - Count(t.RChild) - 1;
            while (t != null)
            {
                var cmp = t.Value.CompareTo(v);

                if (cmp > 0)
                {
                    ret = Math.Min(ret, idx);
                    t = t.LChild;
                    idx -= (Count(t == null ? null : t.RChild) + 1);
                }
                else if (cmp <= 0)
                {
                    t = t.RChild;
                    idx += (Count(t == null ? null : t.LChild) + 1);
                }
            }
            return ret == Int32.MaxValue ? Count(torg) : ret;
        }

        public static int LowerBound(Node t, T v)
        {
            var torg = t;
            if (t == null) return -1;

            var idx = Count(t) - Count(t.RChild) - 1;
            var ret = Int32.MaxValue;
            while (t != null)
            {
                var cmp = t.Value.CompareTo(v);
                if (cmp >= 0)
                {
                    if (cmp == 0) ret = Math.Min(ret, idx);
                    t = t.LChild;
                    if (t == null) ret = Math.Min(ret, idx);
                    idx -= t == null ? 0 : (Count(t.RChild) + 1);
                }
                else if (cmp < 0)
                {
                    t = t.RChild;
                    idx += (Count(t == null ? null : t.LChild) + 1);
                    if (t == null) return idx;
                }
            }
           // return ret;
           return ret == Int32.MaxValue ? Count(torg) : ret;
        }

        public static Node Insert(Node t, T v)
        {
            var ub = LowerBound(t, v);
            return InsertByIdx(t, ub, v);
        }

        static Node InsertByIdx(Node t, int k, T v)
        {
            var s = Split(t, k);
            return Merge(Merge(s.Item1, new Node(v)), s.Item2);
        }

        public static IEnumerable<T> Enumerate(Node t)
        {
            var ret = new List<T>();
            Enumerate(t, ret);
            return ret;
        }

        static void Enumerate(Node t, List<T> ret)
        {
            if (t == null) return;
            Enumerate(t.LChild, ret);
            ret.Add(t.Value);
            Enumerate(t.RChild, ret);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// C-like set
    /// </summary>
    public class Set<T> where T : IComparable
    {
        protected SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Node _root;

        public T this[int idx] { get { return ElementAt(idx); } }

        public int Count()
        {
            return SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Count(_root);
        }

        public virtual void Insert(T v)
        {
            if (_root == null) _root = new SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Node(v);
            else
            {
                if (SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Find(_root, v) != null) return;
                _root = SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Insert(_root, v);
            }
        }

        public void Clear()
        {
            _root = null;
        }

        public void Remove(T v)
        {
            _root = SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Remove(_root, v);
        }

        public bool Contains(T v)
        {
            return SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Contains(_root, v);
        }

        public T ElementAt(int k)
        {
            var node = SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.FindByIndex(_root, k);
            if (node == null) throw new IndexOutOfRangeException();
            return node.Value;
        }

        public int Count(T v)
        {
            return SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.UpperBound(_root, v) - SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.LowerBound(_root, v);
        }

        public int LowerBound(T v)
        {
            return SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.LowerBound(_root, v);
        }

        public int UpperBound(T v)
        {
            return SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.UpperBound(_root, v);
        }

        public Tuple<int, int> EqualRange(T v)
        {
            if (!Contains(v)) return new Tuple<int, int>(-1, -1);
            return new Tuple<int, int>(SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.LowerBound(_root, v), SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.UpperBound(_root, v) - 1);
        }

        public List<T> ToList()
        {
            return new List<T>(SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Enumerate(_root));
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// C-like multiset
    /// </summary>
    public class MultiSet<T> : Set<T> where T : IComparable
    {
        public override void Insert(T v)
        {
            if (_root == null) _root = new SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Node(v);
            else _root = SB_BinarySearchTree<T>.Insert(_root, v);
        }
    }
}