Problem:
Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

Taro and Jiro will play the following game against each other.

Initially, they are given a sequence a = (a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_N).
Until a becomes empty, the two players perform the following operation alternately, starting from Taro:

Remove the element at the beginning or the end of a. The player earns x points, where x is the removed element.

Let X and Y be Taro's and Jiro's total score at the end of the game, respectively.
Taro tries to maximize X - Y, while Jiro tries to minimize X - Y.

Assuming that the two players play optimally, find the resulting value of X - Y.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq N \leq 3000

1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 \ldots a_N

Output

Print the resulting value of X - Y, assuming that the two players play optimally.

Sample Input 1

4
10 80 90 30

Sample Output 1

10

The game proceeds as follows when the two players play optimally (the element being removed is written bold):

Taro: (10, 80, 90, 30) → (10, 80, 90)

Jiro: (10, 80, 90) → (10, 80)

Taro: (10, 80) → (10)

Jiro: (10) → ()

Here, X = 30 + 80 = 110 and Y = 90 + 10 = 100.

Sample Input 2

3
10 100 10

Sample Output 2

-80

The game proceeds, for example, as follows when the two players play optimally:

Taro: (10, 100, 10) → (100, 10)

Jiro: (100, 10) → (10)

Taro: (10) → ()

Here, X = 10 + 10 = 20 and Y = 100.

Sample Input 3

1
10

Sample Output 3

10

Sample Input 4

10
1000000000 1 1000000000 1 1000000000 1 1000000000 1 1000000000 1

Sample Output 4

4999999995

The answer may not fit into a 32-bit integer type.

Sample Input 5

6
4 2 9 7 1 5

Sample Output 5

2

The game proceeds, for example, as follows when the two players play optimally:

Taro: (4, 2, 9, 7, 1, 5) → (4, 2, 9, 7, 1)

Jiro: (4, 2, 9, 7, 1) → (2, 9, 7, 1)

Taro: (2, 9, 7, 1) → (2, 9, 7)

Jiro: (2, 9, 7) → (2, 9)

Taro: (2, 9) → (2)

Jiro: (2) → ()

Here, X = 5 + 1 + 9 = 15 and Y = 4 + 7 + 2 = 13.

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace ProgrammingContest
{
    class Writer : IDisposable
    {
        private System.IO.TextWriter Out { get; }
        private StringBuilder Sb { get; }
        private bool IsReactive { get; }
        public Writer(string path)
            : this(new System.IO.StreamWriter(path))
        {
        }
        public Writer(bool isReactive)
            : this(null, isReactive)
        {
        }
        public Writer(System.IO.TextWriter writer = null, bool isReactive = false)
        {
            this.Out = (writer ?? Console.Out);
            this.IsReactive = isReactive;
            if (!this.IsReactive)
            {
                this.Sb = new StringBuilder();
            }
        }
        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (!this.IsReactive)
            {
                this.Out.Write(Sb.ToString());
            }
            if (!this.Out.Equals(Console.Out))
            {
                this.Out.Dispose();
            }
        }
        public void Write(object val)
        {
            if (this.IsReactive)
            {
                this.Out.Write(val.ToString());
                this.Out.Flush();
            }
            else
            {
                this.Sb.Append(val.ToString());
            }
        }
        public void WriteFormat(string format, params object[] vals)
        {
            if (this.IsReactive)
            {
                this.Out.Write(format, vals);
                this.Out.Flush();
            }
            else
            {
                this.Sb.AppendFormat(format, vals);
            }
        }

        public void WriteLine(object val = null)
            => this.WriteFormat((val?.ToString() ?? string.Empty) + Environment.NewLine);

        public void WriteLine(int val)
            => this.WriteLine(val.ToString());

        public void WriteLine(long val)
            => this.WriteLine(val.ToString());

        public void WriteLine(string val)
            => this.WriteLine((object)val);

        public void WriteLine(string format, params object[] vals)
            => this.WriteFormat(format + Environment.NewLine, vals);
    }

    class Scanner : IDisposable
    {
        private Queue<string> Buffer { get; }
        private char[] Sep { get; }
        private System.IO.TextReader Reader { get; }
        public Scanner(string path, char[] sep = null)
            : this(new System.IO.StreamReader(path), sep)
        {
        }
        public Scanner(System.IO.TextReader reader = null,
                        char[] sep = null)
        {
            this.Buffer = new Queue<string>();
            this.Sep = (sep ?? new char[] { ' ' });
            this.Reader = (reader ?? Console.In);
        }
        private void CheckBuffer()
        {
            if (this.Buffer.Count == 0 && this.Reader.Peek() != -1)
            {
                string str = string.Empty;
                for (; string.IsNullOrEmpty(str) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(str);
                str = this.Reader.ReadLine()) ;

                var strs = str.Split(this.Sep)
                    .Where(el => !(string.IsNullOrEmpty(el) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(el)));
                foreach (var el in strs)
                {
                    this.Buffer.Enqueue(el);
                }
            }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            if (!this.Reader.Equals(Console.In))
            {
                this.Reader.Dispose();
            }
        }

        public string Next()
        {
            this.CheckBuffer();
            return this.Buffer.Dequeue();
        }

        public string[] GetStringArray(int N)
            => Enumerable.Range(0, N)
                         .Select(e => this.Next())
                         .ToArray();

        public int NextInt()
            => int.Parse(this.Next());

        public int[] GetIntArray(int N)
            => Enumerable.Range(0, N)
                         .Select(e => this.NextInt())
                         .ToArray();

        public double NextDouble()
            => double.Parse(this.Next());

        public double[] GetdoubleArray(int N)
            => Enumerable.Range(0, N)
                         .Select(e => this.NextDouble())
                         .ToArray();

        public long NextLong()
            => long.Parse(this.Next());

        public long[] GetLongArray(int N)
            => Enumerable.Range(0, N)
                         .Select(e => this.NextLong())
                         .ToArray();

        public bool IsEnd
        {
            get
            {
                this.CheckBuffer();
                return this.Buffer.Count == 0;
            }
        }
    }

    class MainClass : IDisposable
    {
        private Scanner Sc { get; }
        private Writer Wr { get; }
        private string InFilePath => "in.txt";
        private string OutFilePath => "out.txt";
        public MainClass()
        {
            this.Wr = new Writer(this.IsReactive);
            //this.Wr = new Writer(this.OutFilePath);
#if DEBUG
            if (!this.IsReactive)
            {
                this.Sc = new Scanner(this.InFilePath);
            }
            else
            {
                this.Sc = new Scanner();
            }
#else
            this.Sc = new Scanner();
#endif
            this.Solve();
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (new MainClass()) { }
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            this.Sc?.Dispose();
            this.Wr?.Dispose();
#if DEBUG
            Console.WriteLine("press any key to continue...");
            Console.ReadKey();
#endif
        }

        long[,,] dp;
        bool[,,] vis;
        long[] a;
        long Calc(int l, int r, int turn)
        {
            if (vis[l, r, turn])
            {
                return dp[l, r, turn];
            }
            vis[l, r, turn] = true;
            if (l == r)
            {
                if (turn % 2 == 0)
                {
                    dp[l, r, turn] = a[l];
                }
                else
                {
                    dp[l, r, turn] = -a[l];
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (turn % 2 == 0)
                {
                    dp[l, r, turn] = Math.Max(Calc(l + 1, r, (turn + 1) % 2) + a[l], Calc(l, r - 1, (turn + 1) % 2) + a[r]);
                }
                else
                {
                    dp[l, r, turn] = Math.Min(Calc(l + 1, r, (turn + 1) % 2) - a[l], Calc(l, r - 1, (turn + 1) % 2) - a[r]);
                }
            }
            
            return dp[l, r, turn];
        }
        void Solve()
        {
            int N = Sc.NextInt();
            a = Sc.GetLongArray(N);
            dp = new long[N, N, 2];
            vis = new bool[N, N, 2];
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)
                {
                    for (int k = 0; k < 2; k++)
                    {
                        dp[i, j, k] = -1;
                    }
                }
            }
            Wr.WriteLine(Calc(0, N - 1, 0));
        }

        private bool IsReactive => false; // TODO: reactive check !!
    }
}