Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

Given is an integer N. Find the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits (in base ten without leading zeros).

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the number of positive integers less than or equal to N that have an odd number of digits.

Sample Input 1

11

Sample Output 1

9

Among the positive integers less than or equal to 11, nine integers have an odd number of digits: 1, 2, \ldots, 9.

Sample Input 2

136

Sample Output 2

46

In addition to 1, 2, \ldots, 9, another 37 integers also have an odd number of digits: 100, 101, \ldots, 136.

Sample Input 3

100000

Sample Output 3

90909

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Math;
using static System.Console;
using System.Text;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        solve();
    }
    static Scanner cin;
    static int N;

    static void input()
    {
        cin = new Scanner();
        N = cin.nextInt();
    }
    static void solve()
    {
        input();
        int sum = 0;
        if (N >= 10)
            sum += 9;
        else
        {
            sum += N;
            WriteLine(sum);
            return;
        }

        if (N >= 1000)
            sum += 900;
        else if(N >= 100)
        {
            sum += N - 99;
            WriteLine(sum);
            return;
        }

        if (N >= 100000)
            sum += 90000;
        else if(N >= 10000)
        {
            sum += N - 9999;
            WriteLine(sum);
            return;
        }
        WriteLine(sum);
    }
    class Scanner
    {
        string[] s;
        int i;

        char[] cs = new char[] { ' ' };

        public Scanner()
        {
            s = new string[0];
            i = 0;
        }
        
        public string next()
        {
            if (i < s.Length) return s[i++];
            string st = Console.ReadLine();
            while (st == "") st = Console.ReadLine();
            s = st.Split(cs, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
            if (s.Length == 0) return next();
            i = 0;
            return s[i++];
        }

        public int nextInt()
        {
            return int.Parse(next());
        }

        public int[] ArrayInt(int N, int add = 0)
        {
            int[] Array = new int[N];
            for(int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                Array[i] = nextInt() + add;
            }
            return Array;
        }

        public long nextLong()
        {
            return long.Parse(next());
        }

        public long[] ArrayLong(int N, long add = 0)
        {
            long[] Array = new long[N];
            for(int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                Array[i] = nextLong() + add;
            }
            return Array;
        }

        public double nextDouble()
        {
            return double.Parse(next());
        }

        public double[] ArrayDounble(int N, int add = 0)
        {
            double[] Array = new double[N];
            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
            {
                Array[i] = nextDouble() + add;
            }
            return Array;
        }
    }
}