Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in C# (Mono-csc 3.5.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Contest
{
  class Program
  {
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
      ABC167.B();
    }
    class ABC167
    {
      public static void A()
      {
        var S = Read.Str();
        var T = Read.Str();
        Console.WriteLine(S == T.Substring(0, S.Length) ? "Yes" : "No");
      }
      public static void B()
      {
        var A = Read.Long();
        var B = Read.Long();
        var C = Read.Long();
        var K = Read.Long();
        if (K <= A) { Console.WriteLine(K); return; }
        if (K <= A + B) { Console.WriteLine(A); return; }
        Console.WriteLine(A - (K - A - B));
      }
      public static void C()
      {
        var N = Read.Int();
        var M = Read.Int();
        var X = Read.Int();
        var CA = Enumerable.Range(0, N).Select(i => Read.IntN()).ToArray();
        int min = (int)1e8;
        for(int i = 0; i < (1 << N); ++i)
        {
          var sum = new int[M];
          var cost = 0;
          for(int j = 0; j < N; ++j)
          {
            if((i & (1 << j)) > 0)
            {
              cost += CA[j][0];
              for(int k = 0; k < M; ++k)
              {
                sum[k] += CA[j][k + 1];
              }
            }
          }
          if (sum.Count(x => x >= X) == M)
          {
            min = Math.Min(min, cost);
          }
        }
        Console.WriteLine(min == (int)1e8 ? -1 : min);
      }
      public static void D()
      {
        var N = Read.Int();
        var K = Read.Long();
        var A = Read.IntN();

        List<int> list = new List<int>();
        var hash = new HashSet<int>();
        int current = 1;
        list.Add(current);
        hash.Add(current);
        while (true)
        {
          var to = A[current - 1];
          list.Add(to);
          if (hash.Contains(to))
          {
            break;
          }
          hash.Add(to);
          current = to;
        }
        var last = list.Last();
        var idx = list.IndexOf(last);
        if (K < list.Count) { Console.WriteLine(list[(int)K]); return; }
        var K2 = (K - idx) % (list.Count - idx - 1);
        Console.WriteLine(list[idx + (int)K2]);
      }
      public static void E()
      {

      }
      public static void F()
      {

      }
    }
    class Util
    {
      public static readonly long P = 1000000007;
      public static long[] ASum(long[] array)
      {
        var res = new long[array.Length + 1];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; ++i)
        {
          res[i + 1] = res[i] + array[i];
        }
        return res;
      }
      public static Dictionary<T, long> Frequency<T>(T[] array)
      {
        var dict = new Dictionary<T, long>();
        foreach (var a in array)
        {
          if (!dict.ContainsKey(a)) { dict.Add(a, 0); }
          dict[a]++;
        }
        return dict;
      }
    }
    struct MOD
    {
      public static long P = 1000000007;
      public readonly long V;

      public MOD(long a) { this.V = a % P; }
      public static implicit operator MOD(long a) { return new MOD(a); }
      public static MOD operator +(MOD a, MOD b) { return new MOD((a.V + b.V) % P); }
      public static MOD operator -(MOD a, MOD b) { return new MOD((a.V - b.V + P) % P); }
      public static MOD operator *(MOD a, MOD b) { return new MOD((a.V * b.V) % P); }
      public static MOD operator /(MOD a, MOD b) { return new MOD((a.V * b.Inverse().V) % P); }
      public MOD Inverse()
      {
        long a = V, p = P; long b = p, c = 1, d = 0, e = 0, f = 0;
        while (b != 0) { e = a / b; f = b; b = a - e * b; a = f; f = d; d = c - e * d; c = f; }
        c %= p;
        return c + (c < 0 ? p : 0);
      }
      public MOD Power(long n)
      {
        long a = V, p = P; long res = 1; long mult = a;
        for (int i = 0; i < 63; ++i) { if ((n & ((long)1 << i)) > 0) { res = (res * mult) % p; } mult = (mult * mult) % p; }
        return res;
      }
      public override string ToString() { return V.ToString(); }
    }


    static class Read
{
static Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
static void Enqueue() { var ss = Console.ReadLine().Split(' '); foreach (var s in ss) { queue.Enqueue(s); } }
public static int Int() { if (queue.Count == 0) { Enqueue(); } return Convert.ToInt32(queue.Dequeue()); }
public static long Long() { if (queue.Count == 0) { Enqueue(); } return Convert.ToInt64(queue.Dequeue()); }
public static string Str() { if (queue.Count == 0) { Enqueue(); } return queue.Dequeue(); }
public static int[] IntN() { return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(s => Convert.ToInt32(s)).ToArray(); }
public static long[] LongN() { return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(s => Convert.ToInt64(s)).ToArray(); }
public static ulong[] ULongN() { return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(s => Convert.ToUInt64(s)).ToArray(); }
public static string[] StrN() { return Console.ReadLine().Split(' '); }
public static Tuple<int, int>[] TupleInt(int n) { List<Tuple<int, int>> list = new List<Tuple<int, int>>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { var ab = Read.IntN(); list.Add(new Tuple<int, int>(ab[0], ab[1])); } return list.ToArray(); }
public static Tuple<long, long>[] TupleLong(int n) { List<Tuple<long, long>> list = new List<Tuple<long, long>>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { var ab = Read.LongN(); list.Add(new Tuple<long, long>(ab[0], ab[1])); } return list.ToArray(); }
public static Tuple<string, string>[] TupleStr(int n) { List<Tuple<string, string>> list = new List<Tuple<string, string>>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { var ab = Read.StrN(); list.Add(new Tuple<string, string>(ab[0], ab[1])); } return list.ToArray(); }
public static Tuple<double, double>[] TupleDouble(int n) { List<Tuple<double, double>> list = new List<Tuple<double, double>>(); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) { var ab = Read.LongN(); list.Add(new Tuple<double, double>(ab[0], ab[1])); } return list.ToArray(); }
public static long[,] LongMatrix(int r, int c) { var mat = new long[r, c]; for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) { var x = Read.LongN(); for (int j = 0; j < c; ++j) { mat[i, j] = x[j]; } } return mat; }
public static Dictionary<int, HashSet<int>> AdjacencyList(int N, int M, bool isDirectional = false)
{
Dictionary<int, HashSet<int>> dict = new Dictionary<int, HashSet<int>>();
for (int i = 0; i <= N; ++i) { dict.Add(i, new HashSet<int>()); }
        for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) { var ab = Read.IntN(); if (!dict[ab[0]].Contains(ab[1])) { dict[ab[0]].Add(ab[1]); } if (!isDirectional && !dict[ab[1]].Contains(ab[0])) { dict[ab[1]].Add(ab[0]); } }
        return dict;
}
public static Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, long>> AdjacencyListWithWeight(int N, int M)
{
Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, long>> dict = new Dictionary<int, Dictionary<int, long>>(); for (int i = 0; i <= N; ++i) { dict.Add(i, new Dictionary<int, long>()); }
for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) { var ab = Read.IntN(); dict[ab[0]].Add(ab[1], ab[2]); dict[ab[1]].Add(ab[0], ab[2]); }
return dict;
}
}
    }
}