Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

N persons are standing in a row. The height of the i-th person from the front is A_i.

We want to have each person stand on a stool of some heights - at least zero - so that the following condition is satisfied for every person:

Condition: Nobody in front of the person is taller than the person. Here, the height of a person includes the stool.

Find the minimum total height of the stools needed to meet this goal.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 \ldots A_N

Output

Print the minimum total height of the stools needed to meet the goal.

Sample Input 1

5
2 1 5 4 3

Sample Output 1

4

If the persons stand on stools of heights 0, 1, 0, 1, and 2, respectively, their heights will be 2, 2, 5, 5, and 5, satisfying the condition.

We cannot meet the goal with a smaller total height of the stools.

Sample Input 2

5
3 3 3 3 3

Sample Output 2

0

Giving a stool of height 0 to everyone will work.

Solution in C# (.NET Core 3.1.201) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using static System.Console;
using static System.Math;
using System.Numerics;

namespace AtCoder
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            new Program().Solve(new ConsoleInput(Console.In, ' '));
        }

        public void Solve(ConsoleInput cin)
        {
            var N = cin.ReadInt;
            var A = cin.ReadLongArray(N);

            var ans = 0L;

            for (int i = 1; i < N; i++)
            {
                if (A[i - 1] > A[i]) 
                {
                    ans += A[i - 1] - A[i];
                    A[i] = A[i - 1];
                }
            }
            WriteLine(ans);
        }

        private BigInteger Lcm(BigInteger a, BigInteger b)
        {
            return (a * b) / Gcd(a, b);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 最大公約数計算
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="a"></param>
        /// <param name="b"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private BigInteger Gcd(BigInteger a, BigInteger b)
        {
            if (a < b) return Gcd(b, a);

            while (b != 0)
            {
                var mod = a % b;
                a = b;
                b = mod;
            }
            return a;
        }
    }

    public class ConsoleInput
    {
        private readonly System.IO.TextReader _stream;
        private char _separator = ' ';
        private Queue<string> inputStream;
        public ConsoleInput(System.IO.TextReader stream, char separator = ' ')
        {
            this._separator = separator;
            this._stream = stream;
            inputStream = new Queue<string>();
        }

        public string Read
        {
            get
            {
                if (inputStream.Count != 0) return inputStream.Dequeue();
                string[] tmp = _stream.ReadLine().Split(_separator);
                for (int i = 0; i < tmp.Length; i++)
                    inputStream.Enqueue(tmp[i]);
                return inputStream.Dequeue();
            }
        }

        public string ReadLine { get { return _stream.ReadLine(); } }
        public int ReadInt { get { return int.Parse(Read); } }
        public long ReadLong { get { return long.Parse(Read); } }
        public double ReadDouble { get { return double.Parse(Read); } }
        public string[] ReadStrArray(long N) { var ret = new string[N]; for (long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = Read; return ret; }
        public int[] ReadIntArray(long N) { var ret = new int[N]; for (long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ReadInt; return ret; }
        public long[] ReadLongArray(long N) { var ret = new long[N]; for (long i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ReadLong; return ret; }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Mod計算用クラス
    /// </summary>
    struct ModInt
    {
        const int M = 1000000007;
        public long V;
        public ModInt(long v) { V = (v %= M) < 0 ? v + M : v; }

        public static implicit operator ModInt(long v) => new ModInt(v);
        public static ModInt operator +(ModInt x) => x;
        public static ModInt operator -(ModInt x) => -x.V;
        public static ModInt operator +(ModInt x, ModInt y) => x.V + y.V;
        public static ModInt operator -(ModInt x, ModInt y) => x.V - y.V;
        public static ModInt operator *(ModInt x, ModInt y) => x.V * y.V;
        public static ModInt operator /(ModInt x, ModInt y) => x.V * y.Inv();

        public ModInt Pow(int i) => MPow(V, i);
        public ModInt Inv() => MPow(V, M - 2);
        public override string ToString() => $"{V}";

        static long MPow(long b, int i)
        {
            for (var r = 1L; ; b = b * b % M)
            {
                if (i % 2 > 0) r = r * b % M;
                if ((i /= 2) < 1) return r;
            }
        }

        public static long MFactorial(int n) { for (long x = 1, i = 1; ; x = x * ++i % M) if (i >= n) return x; }
        public static long MNpr(int n, int r)
        {
            if (n < r) return 0;
            for (long x = 1, i = n - r; ; x = x * ++i % M) if (i >= n) return x;
        }
        public static ModInt MNcr(int n, int r) => n < r ? 0 : n - r < r ? MNcr(n, n - r) : (ModInt)MNpr(n, r) / MFactorial(r);
    }
}