Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

For an integer N, we will choose a permutation \{P_1, P_2, ..., P_N\} of \{1, 2, ..., N\}.

Then, for each i=1,2,...,N, let M_i be the remainder when i is divided by P_i.

Find the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Constraints

N is an integer satisfying 1 \leq N \leq 10^9.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

Print the maximum possible value of M_1 + M_2 + \cdots + M_N.

Sample Input 1

2

Sample Output 1

1

When the permutation \{P_1, P_2\} = \{2, 1\} is chosen, M_1 + M_2 = 1 + 0 = 1.

Sample Input 2

13

Sample Output 2

78

Sample Input 3

1

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;//list用
using System.Text;//StringBuilder用
using System.Collections;
class Program
{
    static List<int> s = new List<int>();
static long result;
static string[] S;
  static int A,B;
    static void Main()
    {
      A=int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
if(A==1){result=0;}
      if(A==2){result=1;}
      if(A>2){for(int i=0;i<A;i++){result+=i;}}
      
      
      
                    Console.WriteLine(result.ToString());

    }

}