Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

Consider the following arithmetic progression with n terms:

x, x + d, x + 2d, \ldots, x + (n-1)d

What is the product of all terms in this sequence?
Compute the answer modulo 1\ 000\ 003.

You are given Q queries of this form.
In the i-th query, compute the answer in case x = x_i, d = d_i, n = n_i.

Constraints

1 \leq Q \leq 10^5

0 \leq x_i, d_i \leq 1\ 000\ 002

1 \leq n_i \leq 10^9

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

Q
x_1 d_1 n_1
:
x_Q d_Q n_Q

Output

Print Q lines.

In the i-th line, print the answer for the i-th query.

Sample Input 1

2
7 2 4
12345 67890 2019

Sample Output 1

9009
916936

For the first query, the answer is 7 \times 9 \times 11 \times 13 = 9009.
Don't forget to compute the answer modulo 1\ 000\ 003.

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using BitArray = System.Collections.BitArray;
using BigInteger = System.Numerics.BigInteger;

namespace AtCoderProject
{
    public class Program
    {
        public object Calc()
        {
            var Q = consoleReader.Int;
            var res = new List<long>(Q);
            Mod.InitCombine(1000003);
            foreach (var line in consoleReader.Repeat(Q).SplitInt)
            {
                var x = line[0];
                var d = line[1];
                var n = line[2];

                if (d == 0) res.Add(Mod.Pow(x, n).val);
                else if (d == 1)
                {
                    if (1000003 <= x + n - 1) res.Add(0);
                    else res.Add((Mod.fac[x + n - 1] * Mod.finv[x - 1]).val);
                }
                else
                {
                    var xMod = x / new Mod(d);
                    if (1000003 <= xMod.val + n - 1) res.Add(0);
                    else res.Add((Mod.fac[xMod.val + n - 1] * Mod.finv[xMod.val - 1] * Mod.Pow(d, n)).val);
                }
            }

            return AllLines(res);
        }

        #region いつもの
        private readonly ConsoleReader consoleReader;
        public Program(ConsoleReader consoleReader) { this.consoleReader = consoleReader; }
        static void Main() => Console.WriteLine(new Program(new ConsoleReader()).Calc()); static string AllLines<T>(IEnumerable<T> source) => string.Join("\n", source);
        #endregion
    }
    struct Mod : IEquatable<Mod>
    {
        public const long mod = 1000003;
        public readonly long val;
        public Mod(long val) { this.val = val; }
        public override bool Equals(object obj) => (obj is Mod) ? this == ((Mod)obj) : false;
        public bool Equals(Mod obj) => this == obj;
        public override int GetHashCode() => val.GetHashCode();
        public override string ToString() => val.ToString();
        public static implicit operator Mod(long x) => new Mod(x);
        public static Mod operator +(Mod x, Mod y) => (x.val + y.val) % mod;
        public static Mod operator -(Mod x, Mod y) => x.val >= y.val ? (x.val - y.val) % mod : (x.val - y.val) % mod + mod;
        public static Mod operator *(Mod x, Mod y) => (x.val * y.val) % mod;
        public static Mod operator /(Mod x, Mod y) => x * y.Inverse();
        public static bool operator ==(Mod x, Mod y) => x.val == y.val;
        public static bool operator !=(Mod x, Mod y) => x.val != y.val;
        public Mod Inverse()
        {
            long a = val, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0;
            while (b > 0)
            {
                long t = a / b;
                var b2 = a - t * b;
                a = b; b = b2;
                var v2 = u - t * v;
                u = v; v = v2;
            }
            u %= mod;
            if (u < 0) u += mod;
            return u;
        }
        public static Mod Pow(Mod x, int y)
        {
            Mod res = 1;
            for (; y > 0; y >>= 1)
            {
                if ((y & 1) == 1) res *= x;
                x *= x;
            }
            return res;
        }

        public static Mod[] fac, finv, inv;
        public static void InitCombine(int max)
        {
            fac = new Mod[max]; finv = new Mod[max]; inv = new Mod[max];
            fac[0] = fac[1] = 1;
            finv[0] = finv[1] = 1;
            inv[1] = 1;
            for (int i = 2; i < max; i++)
            {
                fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i;
                inv[i] = mod - inv[mod % i].val * (mod / i) % mod;
                finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i];
            }
        }

        // 二項係数計算
        public static Mod Combine(int n, int k)
        {
            if (n < k) return 0;
            if (n < 0 || k < 0) return 0;
            return fac[n] * finv[k] * finv[n - k];
        }

    }

#pragma warning disable
    public class ConsoleReader { public class SplitLine { string[] splited; public SplitLine(string line) { splited = line.Split(); } public string[] String => splited.ToArray(); public int[] Int => splited.Select(int.Parse).ToArray(); public long[] Long => splited.Select(long.Parse).ToArray(); public ulong[] ULong => splited.Select(ulong.Parse).ToArray(); public double[] Double => splited.Select(double.Parse).ToArray(); } public class RepeatLine { ConsoleReader reader; int num; public RepeatLine(ConsoleReader reader, int num) { this.reader = reader; this.num = num; } public IEnumerable<string> String { get { for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) yield return reader.String; } } public IEnumerable<int> Int { get { for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) yield return reader.Int; } } public IEnumerable<long> Long { get { for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) yield return reader.Long; } } public IEnumerable<string[]> Split { get { for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) yield return reader.Split.String; } } public IEnumerable<int[]> SplitInt { get { for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) yield return reader.Split.Int; } } } public virtual string String => Console.ReadLine(); public int Int => int.Parse(String); public long Long => long.Parse(String); public ulong ULong => ulong.Parse(String); public double Double => double.Parse(String); public SplitLine Split => new SplitLine(String); public RepeatLine Repeat(int count) => new RepeatLine(this, count); }
}