Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

Takahashi has a deposit of 100 yen (the currency of Japan) in AtCoder Bank.

The bank pays an annual interest rate of 1 % compounded annually. (A fraction of less than one yen is discarded.)

Assuming that nothing other than the interest affects Takahashi's balance, in how many years does the balance reach X yen or above for the first time?

Constraints

101 \le X \le 10^{18}

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

X

Output

Print the number of years it takes for Takahashi's balance to reach X yen or above for the first time.

Sample Input 1

103

Sample Output 1

3

The balance after one year is 101 yen.

The balance after two years is 102 yen.

The balance after three years is 103 yen.

Thus, it takes three years for the balance to reach 103 yen or above.

Sample Input 2

1000000000000000000

Sample Output 2

3760

Sample Input 3

1333333333

Sample Output 3

1706

Solution in C# (.NET Core 3.1.201) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;


namespace ClassLibrary1
{
    public class ListNode
    {
        public int val;
        public ListNode next;
        public ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
    }



    class StringComparator2 : IComparer<string>
    {
        int IComparer<string>.Compare(string a, string b)
        {
            int length = Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length);
            //Console.WriteLine("Comparing with length {0}", length);
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            {
                if (a[i] < b[i])
                {
                    //Console.WriteLine("returning -1");
                    return -1;
                }
                else if (a[i] > b[i]) return 1;
            }
            if (a.Length < b.Length) return -1;
            if (a.Length > b.Length) return 1;

            //Console.WriteLine("Why are we at the end?");
            return 0;
        }


    }

    class StringComparator3 : IEqualityComparer<string>
    {
        public bool Equals(string b1, string b2)
        {
            return Compare(b1, b2) == 0;
        }

        public int GetHashCode(string bx)
        {
            return bx.GetHashCode();
        }

        int Compare(string a, string b)
        {
            int length = Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length);
            //Console.WriteLine("Comparing with length {0}", length);
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            {
                if (a[i] < b[i])
                {
                    //Console.WriteLine("returning -1");
                    return -1;
                }
                else if (a[i] > b[i]) return 1;
            }
            if (a.Length < b.Length) return -1;
            if (a.Length > b.Length) return 1;

            //Console.WriteLine("Why are we at the end?");
            return 0;
        }
    }

    public class PriorityQueue<T> where T : IComparable
    {
        private IComparer<T> _comparer = null;
        private int _type = 0;

        private T[] _heap;
        private int _sz = 0;

        private int _count = 0;

        /// <summary>
        /// Priority Queue with custom comparer
        /// </summary>
        public PriorityQueue(int maxSize, IComparer<T> comparer)
        {
            _heap = new T[maxSize];
            _comparer = comparer;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Priority queue
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="maxSize">max size</param>
        /// <param name="type">0: asc, 1:desc</param>
        public PriorityQueue(int maxSize, int type = 0)
        {
            _heap = new T[maxSize];
            _type = type;
        }

        private int Compare(T x, T y)
        {
            if (_comparer != null) return _comparer.Compare(x, y);
            return _type == 0 ? x.CompareTo(y) : y.CompareTo(x);
        }

        public void Push(T x)
        {
            _count++;

            //node number
            var i = _sz++;

            while (i > 0)
            {
                //parent node number
                var p = (i - 1) / 2;

                if (Compare(_heap[p], x) <= 0) break;

                _heap[i] = _heap[p];
                i = p;
            }

            _heap[i] = x;
        }

        public T Pop()
        {
            _count--;

            T ret = _heap[0];
            T x = _heap[--_sz];

            int i = 0;
            while (i * 2 + 1 < _sz)
            {
                //children
                int a = i * 2 + 1;
                int b = i * 2 + 2;

                if (b < _sz && Compare(_heap[b], _heap[a]) < 0) a = b;

                if (Compare(_heap[a], x) >= 0) break;

                _heap[i] = _heap[a];
                i = a;
            }

            _heap[i] = x;

            return ret;
        }

        public int Count()
        {
            return _count;
        }

        public T Peek()
        {
            return _heap[0];
        }

        public bool Contains(T x)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < _sz; i++) if (x.Equals(_heap[i])) return true;
            return false;
        }

        public void Clear()
        {
            while (this.Count() > 0) this.Pop();
        }

        public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
        {
            var ret = new List<T>();

            while (this.Count() > 0)
            {
                ret.Add(this.Pop());
            }

            foreach (var r in ret)
            {
                this.Push(r);
                yield return r;
            }
        }

        public T[] ToArray()
        {
            T[] array = new T[_sz];
            int i = 0;

            foreach (var r in this)
            {
                array[i++] = r;
            }

            return array;
        }


    }

    public class Class1
    {
        //static Dictionary<Tuple<long, long>, long> dic = new Dictionary<Tuple<long, long>, long>();

        static long mod = 1000000007;
        static long[] factorial = new long[1000001];
        static long[] invFactorial = new long[1000001];

        private static void calcFanctorial(long N)
        {
            factorial[0] = 1;
            for (int i = 1; i < N + 1; i++)
            {
                factorial[i] = factorial[i - 1] * i;
                factorial[i] %= mod;
            }
            invFactorial[N] = inv(factorial[N]);
            for (int i = (int)N; i > 0; i--)
            {
                invFactorial[i - 1] = invFactorial[i] * i % mod;
            }

        }



        class Tree
        {
            public HashSet<long> conn = new HashSet<long>();
        }


        static long bin(long a, long x, long n)
        {
            long y = a;
            long res = 1;
            while (x > 0)
            {
                if (x % 2 == 1)
                {
                    res = res * y % n;
                }
                x /= 2;
                y = y * y % n;
            }
            return res;
        }

        int cmp(string a, string b)
        {
            for (var i = 0; i < Math.Min(a.Length, b.Length); i++)
                if (a[i] < b[i]) return -1;
                else if (a[i] > b[i]) return 1;
            if (a.Length == b.Length) return 0;
            if (a.Length > b.Length) return 1;
            else return -1;
        }

        private static long nCm(long n, long m)
        {
            if (n < m) return 0;
            if (m < 0) return 0;

            return (factorial[n] * invFactorial[m] % mod) * invFactorial[n - m] % mod;
        }

        private static long nCm2(long n, long m)
        {
            if (n < m) return 0;
            if (m < 0) return 0;

            long res = 1;
            for (long i = n; i > n - m; i--)
            {
                res *= i;
                res %= mod;
            }

            return res * invFactorial[m] % mod;
        }

        public static long pow(long a, long b, long mod)
        {
            a %= mod;

            if (b <= 0) return 1;
            var t = pow(a, b / 2, mod);
            if ((b & 1) == 0) return t * t % mod;
            return t * t % mod * a % mod;
        }

        public static long Lcm(long a, long b)
        {
            return a * b % mod * inv(Gcd(a, b)) % mod;
        }

        public static long Lcm(long[] a)
        {
            List<long> vect = new List<long>();
            long lcm = 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Count(); i++)
            {
                var factor = a[i] / GcdVector(vect, a[i]);
                vect.Add(factor);
                lcm = lcm * factor % mod;
            }
            return lcm;
        }

        static long GcdVector(List<long> a, long b)
        {
            long ma = 1;
            for (int i = 0; i < a.Count; i++)
                ma = ma * a[i] % b;
            return Gcd(b, ma);
        }

        public static long Gcd(long a, long b)
        {
            if (a < b)
                // 引数を入替えて自分を呼び出す
                return Gcd(b, a);
            while (b != 0)
            {
                var remainder = a % b;
                a = b;
                b = remainder;
            }
            return a;
        }

        public static long pow(long a, long b) => pow(a, b, mod);
        public static long inv(long a) => pow(a, mod - 2);

        private static char[][] ReadCharMatrix(long h)
        {
            char[][] mtx = new char[h][];
            for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
            {
                var s = ReadString();
                mtx[i] = s.ToCharArray();
            }
            return mtx;
        }

        private static int[][] CreateIntMatrix(long h, long w)
        {
            int[][] mtx = new int[h][];
            for (int i = 0; i < h; i++)
            {
                mtx[i] = new int[w];
            }
            return mtx;
        }


        private static string ReadString()
        {
            return Console.ReadLine();
        }
        private static string[] ReadStringArr()
        {
            return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ');
        }
        private static long ReadLong()
        {
            return long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        }
        private static long[] ReadLongArr()
        {
            string[] s = ReadStringArr();
            long[] l = new long[s.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < l.Length; i++)
            {
                l[i] = long.Parse(s[i]);
            }

            return l;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            var N = ReadLong();

            long cash = 100;
            int y = 0;
            while (true)
            {
                if (cash >= N) break;
                cash = (long)(cash * 1.01);
                y++;
            }


            Console.WriteLine(y);
        }

    }
}