Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N boxes arranged in a row.
Initially, the i-th box from the left contains a_i candies.

Snuke can perform the following operation any number of times:

Choose a box containing at least one candy, and eat one of the candies in the chosen box.

His objective is as follows:

Any two neighboring boxes contain at most x candies in total.

Find the minimum number of operations required to achieve the objective.

Constraints

2 ≤ N ≤ 10^5

0 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9

0 ≤ x ≤ 10^9

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N x
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the minimum number of operations required to achieve the objective.

Sample Input 1

3 3
2 2 2

Sample Output 1

1

Eat one candy in the second box.
Then, the number of candies in each box becomes (2, 1, 2).

Sample Input 2

6 1
1 6 1 2 0 4

Sample Output 2

11

For example, eat six candies in the second box, two in the fourth box, and three in the sixth box.
Then, the number of candies in each box becomes (1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1).

Sample Input 3

5 9
3 1 4 1 5

Sample Output 3

0

The objective is already achieved without performing operations.

Sample Input 4

2 0
5 5

Sample Output 4

10

All the candies need to be eaten.

Solution in C# (Mono 4.6.2.0) (judge verdict: Accepted)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using static AtCoder;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.ComponentModel;

public class Hello
{
    private const int INF = 1000000007;
    public static void Main()
    {
        long[] Nx = LongLine();
        long[] a = LongLine();
        long ans = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < Nx[0]; i++)
        {
            if (a[i - 1] + a[i] > Nx[1])
            {
                var c = a[i - 1] + a[i] - Nx[1];
                if (a[i] >= c) a[i] -= c;
                else { a[i] = 0; }
                ans += c;
            }
        }
        Console.WriteLine(ans);
    }
}

public class AtCoder
{
    public static void Swap<T>(ref T a, ref T b)
    {
        var t = a;
        a = b;
        b = t;
    }
    public static int GCD(int a, int b)
    {
        if (a < b) Swap(ref a, ref b);
        int d = a % b;
        while (b != 0)
        {
            d = a % b;
            a = b;
            b = d;
        }
        return a;
    }
    public static long LCM(int a, int b)
    {
        return (long)a * b / GCD(a, b);
    }
    public static string StrReverce(string s)
    {
        return new string(s.Reverse().ToArray());
    }
    public static int IntRead()
    {
        return int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
    public static bool IsPrime(int n)
    {
        if (n < 2) return false;
        if (n == 2) return true;
        if (n % 2 == 0) return false;

        //double sqrtNum = Math.Sqrt(n);
        for (int i = 3; i < n; i += 2)
        {
            if (n % i == 0) return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    public static string[] SpRead(char c)
    {
        return Console.ReadLine().Split(c);
    }
    public static long[] LSRead()
    {
        return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
    }
    public static long Combination(int n, int r)
    {
        if (n == r) return 1;
        return
            Enumerable.Range((n - r + 1), r).ToList().Aggregate((now, next) => now * next) /
            Enumerable.Range(1, r).ToList().Aggregate((now, next) => now * next);
    }
    public static long Permutation(int n, int r)
    {
        if (n == r) return 1;
        return
            Enumerable.Range((n - r), r).ToList().Aggregate((now, next) => now * next);
    }
    public static long RepPow(long x, long p, long m = 1000000007)
    {
        if (p == 1) return x % m;
        long b = RepPow(x, p / 2, m) % m;
        if (p % 2 == 0) { return (b * b) % m; }
        else { return (x * ((b * b) % m)) % m; }
    }
    public static long LongRead()
    {
        return long.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    }
    public static long[] LongLine()
    {
        return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(long.Parse).ToArray();
    }
    public static int[] IntLine()
    {
        return Console.ReadLine().Split(' ').Select(int.Parse).ToArray();
    }
}