Problem:
Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

In some other world, today is Christmas.

Mr. Takaha decides to make a multi-dimensional burger in his party. A level-L burger (L is an integer greater than or equal to 0) is the following thing:

A level-0 burger is a patty.

A level-L burger (L \geq 1) is a bun, a level-(L-1) burger, a patty, another level-(L-1) burger and another bun, stacked vertically in this order from the bottom.

For example, a level-1 burger and a level-2 burger look like BPPPB and BBPPPBPBPPPBB (rotated 90 degrees), where B and P stands for a bun and a patty.

The burger Mr. Takaha will make is a level-N burger. Lunlun the Dachshund will eat X layers from the bottom of this burger (a layer is a patty or a bun). How many patties will she eat?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 50

1 \leq X \leq ( the total number of layers in a level-N burger )

N and X are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N X

Output

Print the number of patties in the bottom-most X layers from the bottom of a level-N burger.

Sample Input 1

2 7

Sample Output 1

4

There are 4 patties in the bottom-most 7 layers of a level-2 burger (BBPPPBPBPPPBB).

Sample Input 2

1 1

Sample Output 2

0

The bottom-most layer of a level-1 burger is a bun.

Sample Input 3

50 4321098765432109

Sample Output 3

2160549382716056

A level-50 burger is rather thick, to the extent that the number of its layers does not fit into a 32-bit integer.

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include "bits/stdc++.h"
#define rep(i,b) for(ll i=0;i<b;i++)
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
/*--Input//////////////////////////////////////////////////*/
inline void IN(void){return;}
template <typename First, typename... Rest>
void IN(First& first, Rest&... rest){
    cin >> first;
    IN(rest...);
    return;
}
#define SS(T, ...)      T __VA_ARGS__; IN(__VA_ARGS__);
/*--Output/////////////////////////////////////////////////*/
inline int p(void){cout << endl; return 0;}
template<class Head> int p(Head&& head){cout << head;p();return 0;} template<class Head,class... Tail> int p(Head&& head,Tail&&... tail){cout<<head<<" ";p(forward<Tail>(tail)...);return 0;}
struct ProconInit {
    static constexpr int IOS_PREC = 15;
    static constexpr bool AUTOFLUSH = false;

    ProconInit() {
        cin.tie(nullptr);
        ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
        cout << fixed << setprecision(IOS_PREC);
        if(AUTOFLUSH)
            cout << unitbuf;
    }
} PROCON_INIT;


#define vl vector<ll>
#define vvl vector<vector<ll>>
#define vvvl vector<vector<vector<ll>>>
#define debug(x) cerr<<#x<<" "<<x<<'\n';
#define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
#define bit(n) (1LL<<(n))
template<class T>bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if (a<b) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T>bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if (b<a) { a=b; return 1; } return 0; }
bool cmp(pair<ll,ll> a, pair<ll,ll> b) { return a.second < b.second; }

const int MOD = 1000000007;

const int dx[4] = {1, 0, -1, 0};
const int dy[4] = {0, 1, 0, -1};

ll rec(ll n, ll x) {
    ll len = (1LL<<(n+1)) - 3;
    ll num = (1LL<<n) - 1;
    if (x == 1) return 0;
    else if (x <= len + 1) return rec(n-1, x-1);
    else if (x == len + 2) return num + 1;
    else if (x <= (len + 1) * 2) return num + 1 + rec(n-1, x-len-2);
    else return num * 2 + 1;
}

int main() {
    SS(ll,N,X)
    p(rec(N,X));
}