Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <bitset>
#include <iterator>
#include <valarray>
#include <complex>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <tuple>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <cmath>
#include <cassert>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <iomanip>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (int)(n); ++i)
#define rep1(i, n) for (int i = 1; i <= (int)(n); ++i)
#define all(c) (c).begin(),(c).end()
using ll = long long;
using tii = tuple<int, int>;
using tll = tuple<ll, ll>;
template<typename T = int> using V = vector<T>;
template<typename T = int> using VV = V<V<T>>;
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T &a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T &a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }
#ifdef DBG
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, set<T> const &s) { if (s.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{"; decltype(s.begin()) iter; for (iter = s.begin(), ++iter; iter != s.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << *iter << ", "; ++iter; } --iter; os << *iter << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, multiset<T> const &s) { if (s.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{"; decltype(s.begin()) iter; for (iter = s.begin(), ++iter; iter != s.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << *iter << ", "; ++iter; } --iter; os << *iter << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T, typename U> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, map<T, U> const &mp) { if (mp.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{" << endl; decltype(mp.begin()) iter; for (iter = mp.begin(), ++iter; iter != mp.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << "  {" << iter->first << ", " << iter->second << "}," << endl; ++iter; } --iter; os << "  {" << iter->first << ", " << iter->second << "}" << endl << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, unordered_set<T> const &s) { if (s.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{"; decltype(s.begin()) iter; for (iter = s.begin(), ++iter; iter != s.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << *iter << ", "; ++iter; } --iter; os << *iter << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, unordered_multiset<T> const &s) { if (s.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{"; decltype(s.begin()) iter; for (iter = s.begin(), ++iter; iter != s.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << *iter << ", "; ++iter; } --iter; os << *iter << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T, typename U> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, unordered_map<T, U> const &mp) { if (mp.size() == 0) return os << "{}"; os << "{" << endl; decltype(mp.begin()) iter; for (iter = mp.begin(), ++iter; iter != mp.end(); ++iter) { --iter; os << "  {" << iter->first << ", " << iter->second << "}," << endl; ++iter; } --iter; os << "  {" << iter->first << ", " << iter->second << "}" << endl << '}'; return os; }
template<typename T> ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, vector<T> const &v) { os << '['; rep(i, v.size()-1) os << v[i] << ", "; if (v.size() > 0) os << v[v.size()-1]; cerr << ']'; return os; }
template<typename T, unsigned N, unsigned Last> struct TuplePrinter { static void print(ostream &os, T const& v) { os << std::get<N>(v) << ", "; TuplePrinter<T, N + 1, Last>::print(os, v); } };
template<typename T, unsigned N> struct TuplePrinter<T, N, N> { static void print(ostream &os, T const &v) { os << std::get<N>(v); } };
template<typename... Types> ostream& operator<<(ostream &os, tuple<Types...> const &v) { os << "("; TuplePrinter<tuple<Types...>, 0, sizeof...(Types) - 1>::print(os, v); os << ")"; return os; }
template<typename T> void _dbg(T const &t) { cerr << t << endl; }
template<typename T, typename... Args> void _dbg(T const &t, Args... args) { cerr << t << " "; _dbg(args...); }
template<typename... Args> void __dbg(const char *fn, int l, Args... args) { cerr << "[" << fn << ":" << l << "] "; _dbg(args...); }
#define dbg(...) __dbg(__func__, __LINE__, __VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define dbg(...)
#endif
const ll infty = 1223372036854775807LL;
const double eps = 1e-8;

void solve() {
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    V<> b(n-1);
    rep(i, n-1) cin >> b[i];
    ll ans = b[0] + b[n-2];
    rep(i, n-2) ans += min(b[i], b[i+1]);
    cout << ans << endl;
}

int main() {
#ifdef DBG
    ifstream cin("in.txt");
    std::cin.rdbuf(cin.rdbuf());
    //ofstream cout("out.txt");
    //std::cout.rdbuf(cout.rdbuf());
#else
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    std::cin.tie(0);
#endif
    solve();
    return 0;
}