Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

You have a string A = A_1 A_2 ... A_n consisting of lowercase English letters.

You can choose any two indices i and j such that 1 \leq i \leq j \leq n and reverse substring A_i A_{i+1} ... A_j.

You can perform this operation at most once.

How many different strings can you obtain?

Constraints

1 \leq |A| \leq 200,000

A consists of lowercase English letters.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A

Output

Print the number of different strings you can obtain by reversing any substring in A at most once.

Sample Input 1

aatt

Sample Output 1

5

You can obtain aatt (don't do anything), atat (reverse A[2..3]), atta (reverse A[2..4]), ttaa (reverse A[1..4]) and taat (reverse A[1..3]).

Sample Input 2

xxxxxxxxxx

Sample Output 2

1

Whatever substring you reverse, you'll always get xxxxxxxxxx.

Sample Input 3

abracadabra

Sample Output 3

44

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

typedef long long int ll;
typedef long double ld;

#define rep(i,a,b) for(ll i=a;i<=b;++i)
#define rev(i,a,b) for(ll i=a;i>=b;i--)
#define pll pair<ll,ll>
#define vll vector<ll>
#define sll set<ll>
#define vpll vector<pll>
#define F first
#define S second
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define ln length()
#define M 1000000007

int main(){
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);

    string s;cin>>s;
    ll ct[27];
    rep(i,1,26) ct[i]=0;
    for(char c:s) ct[c-'a'+1]++;
    ll n=s.size();
    ll ans=n*(n-1)/2 + 1;
    rep(i,1,26) ans-= (ct[i]*(ct[i]-1))/2;
    cout<<ans<<'\n';
}