Problem:
Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

Snuke is standing on a two-dimensional plane. In one operation, he can move by 1 in the positive x-direction, or move by 1 in the positive y-direction.

Let us define a function f(r, c) as follows:

f(r,c) := (The number of paths from the point (0, 0) to the point (r, c) that Snuke can trace by repeating the operation above)

Given are integers r_1, r_2, c_1, and c_2.
Find the sum of f(i, j) over all pair of integers (i, j) such that r_1 ≤ i ≤ r_2 and c_1 ≤ j ≤ c_2, and compute this value modulo (10^9+7).

Constraints

1 ≤ r_1 ≤ r_2 ≤ 10^6

1 ≤ c_1 ≤ c_2 ≤ 10^6

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

r_1 c_1 r_2 c_2

Output

Print the sum of f(i, j) modulo (10^9+7).

Sample Input 1

1 1 2 2

Sample Output 1

14

For example, there are two paths from the point (0, 0) to the point (1, 1): (0,0) → (0,1) → (1,1) and (0,0) → (1,0) → (1,1), so f(1,1)=2.

Similarly, f(1,2)=3, f(2,1)=3, and f(2,2)=6. Thus, the sum is 14.

Sample Input 2

314 159 2653 589

Sample Output 2

602215194

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Runtime Error)

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
using namespace std;
#define rep(i,x) for(ll i = 0; i < (ll)(x); i++)
#define rrep(i,x) for(ll i = (ll)(x)-1;0 <= i; i--)
#define reps(i,x) for(ll i = 1; i < (ll)(x)+1; i++)
#define rreps(i,x) for(ll i = (ll)(x); 1 <= i; i--)
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << ": " << (x) << "\n";
#define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
typedef long long ll;
typedef long double ld;
typedef pair<int,int> P;
typedef pair<ll,ll> Pll;
typedef vector<ll> vl;
typedef vector<vector<ll>> vvl;
typedef vector<vector<vector<ll>>> vvvl;
const ll INF = numeric_limits<ll>::max()/4;
const int n_max = 1e6+50;

template<std::int_fast64_t Modulus>
class modint {
    using i64 = int_fast64_t;

    public:
    i64 a;

    constexpr modint(const i64 x = 0) noexcept {
        this -> a = x % Modulus;
        if(a < 0){
            a += Modulus;
        }
    }
    constexpr i64 &value() const noexcept {return a;}
    // constexpr const i64 &value() const noexcept {return a;}
    constexpr modint operator+(const modint rhs) const noexcept {
        return modint(*this) += rhs;
    }
    constexpr modint operator-(const modint rhs) const noexcept {
        return modint(*this) -= rhs;
    }
    constexpr modint operator*(const modint rhs) const noexcept {
        return modint(*this) *= rhs;
    }
    constexpr modint operator/(const modint rhs) const noexcept {
        return modint(*this) /= rhs;
    }
    constexpr modint &operator+=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        a += rhs.a;
        if(a >= Modulus) {
            a -= Modulus;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    constexpr modint &operator-=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        if(a < rhs.a) {
            a += Modulus;
        }
        a -= rhs.a;
        return *this;
    }
    constexpr modint &operator*=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        a = a * rhs.a % Modulus;
        return *this;
    }
    constexpr modint &operator/=(modint rhs) noexcept {
        i64 a_ = rhs.a, b = Modulus, u = 1, v = 0;
        while(b){
            i64 t = a_/b;
            a_ -= t * b; swap(a_,b);
            u -= t * v; swap(u,v);
        }
        a = a * u % Modulus;
        if(a < 0) a += Modulus;
        return *this;
    }
    
    // 自前実装
    constexpr bool operator==(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a == rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr bool operator!=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a != rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr bool operator>(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a > rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr bool operator>=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a >= rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr bool operator<(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a < rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr bool operator<=(const modint rhs) noexcept {
        return a <= rhs.a;
    }
    constexpr modint& operator++() noexcept {
        return (*this) += modint(1);
    }
    constexpr modint operator++(int) {
        modint tmp(*this);
        operator++();
        return tmp;
    }
    constexpr modint& operator--() noexcept {
        return (*this) -= modint(1);
    }
    constexpr modint operator--(int) {
        modint tmp(*this);
        operator--();
        return tmp;
    }
    template<typename T>
    friend constexpr modint modpow(modint &mt, T n) noexcept {
        if(n < 0){
            modint t = (modint(1) / mt);
            return modpow(t, -n);
        }
        modint res = 1;
        while(n){
            if(n & 1)res *= mt;
            mt *= mt;
            n /= 2;
        }
        return res;
    }
};

const ll MOD = 1e9+7;
using mint = modint<MOD>;
// 標準入出力対応
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &out, const modint<MOD> &m) {
    out << m.a;
    return out;
}
std::istream &operator>>(std::istream &in, modint<MOD> &m) {
    ll a;
    in >> a;
    m = mint(a);
    return in;
}

vector<mint> fac(n_max+1);
void COMinit(){
    fac[0] = 1;
    reps(i,n_max){
        fac[i] = fac[i-1] * mint(i);
    }
}

mint COM(ll n, ll k){
    if (n < k) return (mint)0;
    if (n < 0 || k < 0) return (mint)0;
    return fac[n] / (fac[k] * fac[n-k]);
}

int main(){
    ll r1,c1; cin >> r1 >> c1;
    ll r2,c2; cin >> r2 >> c2;
    mint ans = 0;

    COMinit();
    debug(COM(6, 3));
    for(ll i = r1; i <= r2; i++){
        ans += COM(c2 + i + 1, i + 1) - COM(c1 + i, i + 1);
        // debug(ans);
    }

    cout << ans << endl;
}