Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include "bits/stdc++.h"

using namespace std;

using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;

const double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;
const ll MOD = 1000000007;

const int dx[] = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };
const int dy[] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };

int gcd(int x, int y) { return y ? gcd(y, x % y) : abs(x); }
ll gcd(ll x, ll y) { return y ? gcd(y, x % y) : abs(x); }
int lcm(int x, int y) { return x / gcd(x, y) * y; }
ll lcm(ll x, ll y) { return x / gcd(x, y) * y; }

int main() {
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	cin.tie(0);

	int n;
	cin >> n;

	vector<ll> b(n - 1);
	for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
		cin >> b[i];
	}

	vector<ll> a(n, INT_MAX);
	for (int i = n - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
		a[i + 1] = min(a[i + 1], b[i]);
		a[i] = min(a[i], b[i]);
	}

	ll ans = 0;
	for (auto &v : a) {
		ans += v;
	}
	
	cout << ans << endl;
	return 0;
}