Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

You are given a string S of length N consisting of lowercase English letters.

Process Q queries of the following two types:

Type 1: change the i_q-th character of S to c_q. (Do nothing if the i_q-th character is already c_q.)

Type 2: answer the number of different characters occurring in the substring of S between the l_q-th and r_q-th characters (inclusive).

Constraints

N, Q, i_q, l_q, and r_q are integers.

S is a string consisting of lowercase English letters.

c_q is a lowercase English letter.

1 \leq N \leq 500000

1 \leq Q \leq 20000

|S| = N

1 \leq i_q \leq N

1 \leq l_q \leq r_q \leq N

There is at least one query of type 2 in each testcase.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S
Q
Query_1
\vdots
Query_Q

Here, Query_i in the 4-th through (Q+3)-th lines is one of the following:

1 i_q c_q

2 l_q r_q

Output

For each query of type 2, print a line containing the answer.

Sample Input 1

7
abcdbbd
6
2 3 6
1 5 z
2 1 1
1 4 a
1 7 d
2 1 7

Sample Output 1

3
1
5

In the first query, cdbb contains three kinds of letters: b , c , and d, so we print 3.

In the second query, S is modified to abcdzbd.

In the third query, a contains one kind of letter: a, so we print 1.

In the fourth query, S is modified to abcazbd.

In the fifth query, S does not change and is still abcazbd.

In the sixth query, abcazbd contains five kinds of letters: a, b, c, d, and z, so we print 5.

Solution in C++ (GCC 9.2.1) (judge verdict: Runtime Error)

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <map>
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>
#include <ctime>
#include <tuple>
#include <bitset>
#include <assert.h>
#include <deque>
#include <functional>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

#define fi first
#define se second
#define rep(i, n) for (ll i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define debugA cerr << "AAAAA" << endl
#define debug_ cerr << "-------------" << endl
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << ": " << x << endl
#define debug_vec(v)                   \
    cout << #v << endl;                \
    for (int i = 0; i < v.size(); i++) \
    {                                  \
        cout << v[i] << " ";           \
    }                                  \
    cout << endl;
#define debug_vec2(v)                         \
    cout << #v << endl;                       \
    for (int i = 0; i < v.size(); i++)        \
    {                                         \
        for (int j = 0; j < v[i].size(); j++) \
        {                                     \
            cout << v[i][j] << " ";           \
        }                                     \
        cout << endl;                         \
    }

template <typename T>
bool chmax(T &a, const T &b)
{
    if (a < b)
    {
        a = b;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

template <typename T>
bool chmin(T &a, const T &b)
{
    if (a > b)
    {
        a = b;
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

using Graph = vector<vector<int>>;
using P = pair<int, int>;
using P1 = pair<int, pair<int, int>>; // クラスカル法とかで、{cost, {from, to}}的に使う。
const ll INF = 1001001001;
const double pi = acos(-1);

int main()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    int q;
    cin >> q;
    vector<set<int>> a(26);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        int c = s[i]-'a';
        a[c].insert(i);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < q; i++)
    {
        int x;
        cin >> x;
        if (x == 1)
        {
            int b;
            char c;
            cin >> b >> c;
            b--;
            char now = s[i];
            a[now - 'a'].erase(i);
            a[c - 'a'].insert(i);
        }
        else
        {
            int b, c;
            cin >> b >> c;
            b--;
            c--;
            int ans = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++)
            {
                auto d = a[j].lower_bound(b);
                if (d == a[j].end())
                {
                    continue;
                }
                if (*d <= c)
                {
                    ans++;
                }
            }
            cout << ans << endl;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}