Problem:
Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

You have a string A = A_1 A_2 ... A_n consisting of lowercase English letters.

You can choose any two indices i and j such that 1 \leq i \leq j \leq n and reverse substring A_i A_{i+1} ... A_j.

You can perform this operation at most once.

How many different strings can you obtain?

Constraints

1 \leq |A| \leq 200,000

A consists of lowercase English letters.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A

Output

Print the number of different strings you can obtain by reversing any substring in A at most once.

Sample Input 1

aatt

Sample Output 1

5

You can obtain aatt (don't do anything), atat (reverse A[2..3]), atta (reverse A[2..4]), ttaa (reverse A[1..4]) and taat (reverse A[1..3]).

Sample Input 2

xxxxxxxxxx

Sample Output 2

1

Whatever substring you reverse, you'll always get xxxxxxxxxx.

Sample Input 3

abracadabra

Sample Output 3

44

Solution in C++ (GCC 9.2.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using ll = long long;
using P = pair<int,int>;
#define rep(i,s,n) for(int i = s; i < (int)(n); i++)

int main() {
  string s;
  ll n;
  cin >> s;
  n = s.size();
  vector<ll>cnt(26);
  rep(i,0,n) cnt[s[i]-'a']++;
  ll ans = 1+n*(n-1)/2;
  rep(i,0,26) ans -= cnt[i]*(cnt[i]-1)/2;
  cout << ans << endl;
}