Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

In a flower bed, there are N flowers, numbered 1,2,......,N. Initially, the heights of all flowers are 0.
You are given a sequence h=\{h_1,h_2,h_3,......\} as input. You would like to change the height of Flower k to h_k for all k (1 \leq k \leq N), by repeating the following "watering" operation:

Specify integers l and r. Increase the height of Flower x by 1 for all x such that l \leq x \leq r.

Find the minimum number of watering operations required to satisfy the condition.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq h_i \leq 100

All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
h_1 h_2 h_3 ...... h_N

Output

Print the minimum number of watering operations required to satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

4
1 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

The minimum number of watering operations required is 2.
One way to achieve it is:

Perform the operation with (l,r)=(1,3).

Perform the operation with (l,r)=(2,4).

Sample Input 2

5
3 1 2 3 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

8
4 23 75 0 23 96 50 100

Sample Output 3

221

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
using namespace std;
namespace mp = boost::multiprecision;
long int MOD = (int)1e9 + 7;

template<typename T> istream& operator>>(istream &s, vector<T> &v) {
    for (T &t : v) s >> t;
    return s;
}
template<typename T> ostream& operator<<(ostream &s, const vector<T> &v) {
    for (const T &t : v) s << t << endl;
    return s;
}
template<typename T> T min(const vector<T>& v) {return *min_element(v.begin(), v.end());}
template<typename T> T max(const vector<T>& v) {return *max_element(v.begin(), v.end());}
template<typename T> int min_element(vector<T>& v) {return min_element(v.begin(), v.end()) - v.begin();}
template<typename T> int max_element(vector<T>& v) {return max_element(v.begin(), v.end()) - v.begin();}
template<typename T> void sort(vector<T>& v) {sort(v.begin(), v.end());}
template<typename T> void greatersort(vector<T>& v) {sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<>());}
template<typename T, typename Function> void sort(vector<T>& v, Function func) {sort(v.begin(), v.end(), func);}
template<typename T> void rsort(vector<T>& v) {sort(v.rbegin(), v.rend());}
template<typename T> void reverse(vector<T>& v) {reverse(v.begin(), v.end());}
template<typename T> void unique(vector<T>& v) {v.erase(unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end());}
template<typename T> void nth_element(vector<T>& v, int n) {nth_element(v.begin(), v.begin() + n, v.end());}
template<typename T> bool next_permutation(vector<T>& v) {return next_permutation(v.begin(), v.end());}
template<typename T> int find(vector<T>& v, T t) {return find(v.begin(), v.end(), t) - v.begin();}
template<typename T> int in(vector<T> v, T t) {return find(v, t) != int(v.size());}
template<typename T> int lower_bound(vector<T>& v, T t) {return lower_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), t) - v.begin();}
template<typename T> int upper_bound(vector<T>& v, T t) {return upper_bound(v.begin(), v.end(), t) - v.begin();}
template<typename T> T accumulate(const vector<T>& v, function<T(T, T)> func = plus<T>()) {return accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), T(), func);}
template<typename T> void adjacent_difference(vector<T>& v) {adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), v.begin());}
template<typename T> void adjacent_difference(vector<T>& v, vector<T>& u) {adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), u.begin());}
template<typename T> vector<T> partial_sum(const vector<T>& v) {
    vector<T> u(v.size());
    partial_sum(v.begin(), v.end(), u.begin());
    return u;
}\
template<typename T> T inner_product(vector<T>& v, vector<T>& u) {return inner_product(v.begin(), v.end(), u.begin(), T(0));}
template<typename T> int count(const vector<T>& v, T t) {return count(v.begin(), v.end(), t);}
template<typename T, typename Function> int count_if(const vector<T>& v, Function func) {return count_if(v.begin(), v.end(), func);}
template<typename T, typename Function> void remove_if(vector<T>& v, Function func) {v.erase(remove_if(v.begin(), v.end(), func), v.end());}
template<typename T, typename Function> bool all_of(vector<T> v, Function func) {return all_of(v.begin(), v.end(), func);}
template<typename T, typename Function> bool any_of(vector<T> v, Function func) {return any_of(v.begin(), v.end(), func);}
template<typename T, typename Function> bool none_of(vector<T> v, Function func) {return none_of(v.begin(), v.end(), func);}
template<typename T> vector<T> subvector(vector<T>& v, int a, int b) {return vector<T>(v.begin() + a, v.begin() + b);}
template<typename T> int kinds(const vector<T>& v) {return set<T>(v.begin(), v.end()).size();}
template<typename T> map<T, int> count_kinds(const vector<T>& v) {
    map<T, int> res;
    for (const auto& i : v) ++res[i];
    return res;
}
template<typename T> void iota(vector<T>& v, T t = 0) {iota(v.begin(), v.end(), t);}
template<typename T> bool is_sorted(const vector<T>& v) {return is_sorted(v.begin(), v.end());}
int plusVector(vector<int>& v, int n) {int r = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {r += v[i];} return r;}
void yesno(bool b) {if (b) {cout << "yes" << endl;} else {cout << "no" << endl;}}
void YesNo(bool b) {if (b) {cout << "Yes" << endl;} else {cout << "No" << endl;}}
void YESNO(bool b) {if (b) {cout << "YES" << endl;} else {cout << "NO" << endl;}}
long addMOD(long a, long b) {return (a + b) % MOD;}
long subMOD(long a, long b) {return (a + MOD - b) % MOD;}
long mulMOD(long a, long b) {return ((a % MOD) * (b % MOD)) % MOD;}
long long invMOD(long long a, long long m) {long long b = m, u = 1, v = 0;while (b) {long long t = a / b;a -= t * b; swap(a, b);u -= t * v; swap(u, v);}u %= m;if (u < 0) u += m;return u;}
double PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;

int main() {
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
    long N;
    cin >> N;
    vector<long> flowerHeight(N);
    cin >> flowerHeight;
    long answer = 0;
    while (true) {
        bool zeroCheck = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            if (flowerHeight[i] != 0) {
                zeroCheck = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (zeroCheck) break;
        ++answer;
        for (int i = 1; i < N - 1; ++i) {
            if (flowerHeight[i] == 0) {
                if (flowerHeight[i - 1] != 0) {
                    ++answer;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            if (flowerHeight[i] != 0) --flowerHeight[i];
        }
    }
    cout << answer << endl;
}