Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an array A of length N.
Your task is to divide it into several contiguous subarrays.
Here, all subarrays obtained must be sorted in either non-decreasing or non-increasing order.
At least how many subarrays do you need to divide A into?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

1 \leq A_i \leq 10^9

Each A_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
A_1 A_2 ... A_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of subarrays after division of A.

Sample Input 1

6
1 2 3 2 2 1

Sample Output 1

2

One optimal solution is to divide the array into [1,2,3] and [2,2,1].

Sample Input 2

9
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

Sample Output 2

5

Sample Input 3

7
1 2 3 2 1 999999999 1000000000

Sample Output 3

3

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;
// ascending order
#define vsort(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end())
// descending order
#define vsort_r(v) sort(v.begin(), v.end(), greater<int>())
#define vunique(v) unique(v.begin(), v.end())
#define mp make_pair
#define ts(x) to_string(x)
#define rep(i, a, b) for(int i = (int)a; i < (int)b; i++)
#define repm(i, a, b) for(int i = (int)a; i > (int)b; i--)
#define bit(a) bitset<8>(a)
#define des_priority_queue priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> >
#define all(v) (v).begin(), (v).end()
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int, int> P;
const ll INF = 1ll << 60;

template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) {if (a > b) {a = b;return true;}return false;}
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) {if (a < b) {a = b;return true;}return false;}

int main(){
	cin.tie(0);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

    int n;
    cin >> n;
    int A[n];
    rep(i, 0, n) cin >> A[i];

    int tmp = A[0];
    int rsl = 1;
    int flag = 0;

    rep(i, 1, n) {
        if(flag == 0) {
            if(A[i] > tmp) flag = 1;
            else if(A[i] < tmp) flag = 2;
            tmp = A[i];
        } else if(flag == 1) {
            if(A[i] >= tmp) tmp = A[i];
            else {
                tmp = A[i];
                rsl++;
                flag = 0;
            }
        } else if(flag == 2) {
            if(A[i] <= tmp) tmp = A[i];
            else {
                tmp = A[i];
                rsl++;
                flag = 0;
            }
        }
    }
    cout << rsl << endl;
}