Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There is an integer sequence A of length N whose values are unknown.

Given is an integer sequence B of length N-1 which is known to satisfy the following:

B_i \geq \max(A_i, A_{i+1})

Find the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

2 \leq N \leq 100

0 \leq B_i \leq 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
B_1 B_2 ... B_{N-1}

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the elements of A.

Sample Input 1

3
2 5

Sample Output 1

9

A can be, for example, ( 2 , 1 , 5 ), ( -1 , -2 , -3 ), or ( 2 , 2 , 5 ). Among those candidates, A = ( 2 , 2 , 5 ) has the maximum possible sum.

Sample Input 2

2
3

Sample Output 2

6

Sample Input 3

6
0 153 10 10 23

Sample Output 3

53

Solution in C++14 (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    int n; cin >> n;
    int a[n], b[n - 1];
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        cin >> b[i];
        a[i] = 0;
    }
    a[n - 1] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        a[i] = min(b[i], a[i]);
        a[i + 1] = b[i];
    }
    int res = 0;
    a[0] = b[0];
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        res += a[i];
    }
    cout << res;
}