Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.

We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

0 \leq A, B, C

1 \leq K \leq A + B + C \leq 2 \times 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B C K

Output

Print the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen.

Sample Input 1

2 1 1 3

Sample Output 1

2

Consider picking up two cards with 1s and one card with a 0.
In this case, the sum of the numbers written on the cards is 2, which is the maximum possible value.

Sample Input 2

1 2 3 4

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

2000000000 0 0 2000000000

Sample Output 3

2000000000

Solution in C++ (GCC 9.2.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <iostream>

int main() {

	int A, B, C, K;
	std::cin >> A >> B >> C >> K;

	int sum = 0;
	int i = 1;

	while (i <= K) {
		if (i <= A) {
			sum += 1;
		}
		else if (i <= A + B) {
		}
		else if (i <= A + B + C) {
			sum -= 1;
		}
		i++;
	}
	std::cout << sum << std::endl;
};