Problem:
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Single Source Shortest Path II

For a given weighted graph $G = (V, E)$, find the shortest path from a source to each vertex. For each vertex $u$, print the total weight of edges on the shortest path from vertex $0$ to $u$.

Input

In the first line, an integer $n$ denoting the number of vertices in $G$ is given. In the following $n$ lines, adjacency lists for each vertex $u$ are respectively given in the following format:

$u$ $k$ $v_1$ $c_1$ $v_2$ $c_2$ ... $v_k$ $c_k$

Vertices in $G$ are named with IDs $0, 1, ..., n-1$. $u$ is ID of the target vertex and $k$ denotes its degree. $v_i (i = 1, 2, ... k)$ denote IDs of vertices adjacent to $u$ and $c_i$ denotes the weight of a directed edge connecting $u$ and $v_i$ (from $u$ to $v_i$).

Output

For each vertex, print its ID and the distance separated by a space character in a line respectively. Print in order of vertex IDs.

Constraints

$1 \leq n \leq 10,000$

$0 \leq c_i \leq 100,000$

$|E| < 500,000$

All vertices are reachable from vertex $0$

Sample Input 1

5
0 3 2 3 3 1 1 2
1 2 0 2 3 4
2 3 0 3 3 1 4 1
3 4 2 1 0 1 1 4 4 3
4 2 2 1 3 3

Sample Output 1

0 0
1 2
2 2
3 1
4 3

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in C (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

#define MAX 100000
#define INFTY 100000000
#define WHITE 0
#define BLACK -1

typedef struct{
  int k;
  int *weight;
  int *num;
}LIST;

int n;
LIST M[MAX];

void difkstra()
{
  int i, u, v, minv, temp;
  int d[n], color[n];

  for( i=0; i<n; i++ )
    {
      d[i] = INFTY;
      color[i] = WHITE;
    }

  d[0] = 0;                  /*スタート地点を０に設定する*/              
  while(1)
    {
      minv = INFTY;          
      for( i=0; i<n; i++ )
	{
	  if( minv > d[i] && color[i] != BLACK )   
	    {
	      u = i;
	      minv = d[i];
	    }
	}
      if( minv == INFTY ) break;  /*全てのノードの色が黒になっていたら*/
      color[u] = BLACK;
      for( v=0; v<M[u].k; v++ )
	{
	  temp = M[u].num[v];    /*uが繋っているノードの番号をtempに代入*/
	  
	  if( color[temp] != BLACK )
	    {
	      if( d[temp] > d[u] + M[u].weight[v] )
		{
		  d[temp] = d[u] + M[u].weight[v];
		}
	    }
	}
    }

  for( i=0; i<n; i++ )
    {
      printf("%d %d\n", i, d[i]);
    }

}


int main()
{
  int i, j, u, k, v, c,unp;
  
  scanf("%d", &n);
  
  for( i=0; i<n; i++ )
    {
      scanf("%d%d", &unp, &M[i].k);
      M[unp].weight = (int *)malloc( M[i].k * sizeof(int));
      M[unp].num = (int *)malloc( M[i].k * sizeof(int));

      for( j=0; j<M[i].k; j++ )
	{
	  scanf("%d%d", &M[unp].num[j], &M[unp].weight[j]);
	}
    }

  difkstra();

  for( i=0; i<n; i++ )
    {
      free( M[i].weight );
      free( M[i].num );
    }

  return 0;
}