Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N cubes stacked vertically on a desk.

You are given a string S of length N. The color of the i-th cube from the bottom is red if the i-th character in S is 0, and blue if that character is 1.

You can perform the following operation any number of times: choose a red cube and a blue cube that are adjacent, and remove them. Here, the cubes that were stacked on the removed cubes will fall down onto the object below them.

At most how many cubes can be removed?

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 10^5

|S| = N

Each character in S is 0 or 1.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

S

Output

Print the maximum number of cubes that can be removed.

Sample Input 1

0011

Sample Output 1

4

All four cubes can be removed, by performing the operation as follows:

Remove the second and third cubes from the bottom. Then, the fourth cube drops onto the first cube.

Remove the first and second cubes from the bottom.

Sample Input 2

11011010001011

Sample Output 2

12

Sample Input 3

0

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in C (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Runtime Error)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//#include <string.h>
//#include <ctype.h>
//#include <math.h>

int main(){
    int i,j,count=0,before_count=0,totyu_count,final_count;
    char s[100000],tmp[100000];
    scanf("%s",s);
    for (i=0; s[i]!='\0'; i++) { //元の文字数カウント
        before_count++;
    }
    do {
        count=0;
        totyu_count=0;
        final_count=0;
        for (i=0; s[i]!='\0'; i++) { //01の並びの該当箇所を'2'に上書きする
            if ((s[i]=='0'&&s[i+1]=='1')||(s[i]=='1'&&s[i+1]=='0')) {
                s[i]='2';
                s[i+1]='2';
                count++;
            }
            totyu_count++; //途中の文字数カウント
        }
        //printf("① 01の並びの該当箇所を'2'に上書きした:%s\n",s);
        for (j=0; j<totyu_count; j++) { //tmpを初期化する
            tmp[j]='\0';
        }
        //printf("② tmpを初期化した:%s\n",tmp);
        for (i=0,j=0; s[i]!='\0'; i++) { //残ったs(2以外)をtmpに移行する
            if (s[i]!='2') {
                tmp[j]=s[i];
                j++;
            }
        }
        //printf("③ 残ったs(2以外)をtmpに移行した:%s\n",tmp);
        for (j=0; s[j]!='\0'; j++) { //sを初期化する
            s[j]='\0';
        }
        for (j=0,i=0; tmp[j]!='\0'; j++) { //'2'を取り除いたtmpを次の段階のsへ持っていく
            s[i]=tmp[j];
            i++;
            final_count++;
        }
        
        //printf("④ '2'を取り除いたtmpを次の段階のsへ持っていった:%s\n",s);
    } while (count!=0);
    
    /*for (i=0; s[i]!='\0'; i++) { //最終的に残ったsの文字数をカウント
    }*/
    //つまりもうこれ以上01の組み合わせがなかったら，取り除いた個数を出力
    printf("%d\n", before_count-final_count);
    
    return 0;
}