Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N stones arranged in a row. Every stone is painted white or black.
A string S represents the color of the stones. The i-th stone from the left is white if the i-th character of S is ., and the stone is black if the character is #.

Takahashi wants to change the colors of some stones to black or white so that there will be no white stone immediately to the right of a black stone.
Find the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Constraints

1 \leq N \leq 2\times 10^5

S is a string of length N consisting of . and #.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S

Output

Print the minimum number of stones that needs to be recolored.

Sample Input 1

3
#.#

Sample Output 1

1

It is enough to change the color of the first stone to white.

Sample Input 2

5
#.##.

Sample Output 2

2

Sample Input 3

9
.........

Sample Output 3

0

Solution in C (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define ll long long
#define rep(i,l,r)for(ll i=(l);i<(r);i++)
#define repp(i,l,r,k)for(ll i=(l);i<(r);i+=(k))
#define INF ((1LL<<62)-(1LL<<31))
#define max(p,q)((p)>(q)?(p):(q))
#define min(p,q)((p)<(q)?(p):(q))
#define bit(n,m)(((n)>>(m))&1)
int upll(const void*a, const void*b){return*(ll*)a<*(ll*)b?-1:*(ll*)a>*(ll*)b?1:0;}
int downll(const void*a, const void*b){return*(ll*)a<*(ll*)b?1:*(ll*)a>*(ll*)b?-1:0;}
void sortup(ll*a,int n){qsort(a,n,sizeof(ll),upll);}
void sortdown(ll*a,int n){qsort(a,n,sizeof(ll),downll);}
ll pom(ll a,ll n,int m){ll x=1;for(a%=m;n;n/=2)n&1?x=x*a%m:0,a=a*a%m;return x;}
//#define MOD 998244353
#define MOD 1000000007
#define invp(a,p)pom(a,p-2,p)

char s[200010];
ll n;
ll dp[2][200010];
int main(){
	scanf("%lld %s",&n,&s);
	rep(i,0,n)dp[0][i+1]=dp[0][i]+(s[i]=='#');
	for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)dp[1][i]=dp[1][i+1]+(s[i]=='.');
	ll ans=INF;
	rep(i,0,n+1){
		ans=min(ans,dp[0][i]+dp[1][i]);
//		printf("%d %d\n",dp[0][i],dp[1][i]);
	}
	printf("%lld",ans);
}