Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define INF 2000000000

long A[500000];
long L[250000], R[250000];

long merge(int left, int mid, int right)
{
  int i, j, k;
  int n1, n2;
  int cnt = 0;
 
  n1 = mid - left;
  for(i = 0; i < n1; i++)
    {
      L[i] = A[left + i];
    }
  L[n1] = INF;
  
  n2 = right - mid;
  for(i = 0; i < n2; i++)
    {
      R[i] = A[mid + i];
    }
  R[n2] = INF;

  i = 0;
  j = 0;
  for(k = left; k < right; k++)
    {
      cnt++;
      if(L[i] <= R[j])
	{
	  A[k] = L[i];
	  i = i + 1;
	}
      else
	{
	  A[k] = R[j];
	  j = j + 1;
	}
    }

  return cnt;
}

long mergeSort(int left, int right)
{
  long cnt = 0;
  int mid;

  if(left + 1 < right)
    {
      mid = (left + right)/2;
      cnt += mergeSort(left, mid);
      cnt += mergeSort(mid, right);
      cnt += merge(left, mid, right);
    }
  return cnt;
}

int main()
{
  int i;
  int n;
  int cnt;

  scanf("%d", &n);
  for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
      scanf("%ld", &A[i]);
    }

  cnt = mergeSort(0, n);

  for(i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
    {
      printf("%ld ", A[i]);
    }
  printf("%ld\n%d\n", A[n - 1], cnt);

  return 0;
}