Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

In some village, there are 999 towers that are 1,(1+2),(1+2+3),...,(1+2+3+...+999) meters high from west to east, at intervals of 1 meter.

It had been snowing for a while before it finally stopped. For some two adjacent towers located 1 meter apart, we measured the lengths of the parts of those towers that are not covered with snow, and the results are a meters for the west tower, and b meters for the east tower.

Assuming that the depth of snow cover and the altitude are the same everywhere in the village, find the amount of the snow cover.

Assume also that the depth of the snow cover is always at least 1 meter.

Constraints

1 \leq a < b < 499500(=1+2+3+...+999)

All values in input are integers.

There is no input that contradicts the assumption.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

a b

Output

If the depth of the snow cover is x meters, print x as an integer.

Sample Input 1

8 13

Sample Output 1

2

The heights of the two towers are 10 meters and 15 meters, respectively.
Thus, we can see that the depth of the snow cover is 2 meters.

Sample Input 2

54 65

Sample Output 2

1

Solution in C (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>



/*以下便利なマクロを定義する。*/

#define rep(i, min, max) for(i=min; i<=max; i=i+1)



#define if_forall(i, min, max, prop)\
\
	rep(i, min, max)\
	{\
		if(!(prop))\
		{\
			break;\
		}\
	}\
\
	if(i==max+1)\



#define if_exists(i, min, max, prop)\
\
	rep(i, min, max)\
	{\
		if(prop)\
		{\
			break;\
		}\
	}\
\
	if(i<max+1)\



#define sum(i, min, max, sequence, answer)\
{\
	answer=0;\
	rep(i, min, max)\
	{\
		answer=answer+sequence;\
	}\
}\



#define prod(i, min, max, sequence, answer)\
{\
	answer=1;\
	rep(i, min, max)\
	{\
		answer=answer*sequence;\
	}\
}\











/*以下便利な関数を定義する。*/

void fill_int(int array[], int min, int max, int element)
{
	int i=min;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		array[i]=element;
	}

}



void fill_char(char array[], int min, int max, char element)
{
	int i=min;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		array[i]=element;
	}

}



void  swap_int(int* x, int* y)
{
    int  tmp;

    tmp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = tmp;
}



void  swap_int_array(int x[], int y[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;

    rep(i, min, max)
	{
		swap_int(&x[i], &y[i]);
	}
}



void  swap_char(char* x, char* y)
{
    char  tmp;

    tmp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = tmp;
}



void  swap_char_array(char x[], char y[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;

    rep(i, min, max)
	{
		swap_char(&x[i], &y[i]);
	}
}



void reverse_char(char array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;

	rep(i, min, (min+max)/2)
	{
		swap_char(&array[i], &array[min+max-i]);
	}
}



int max_int(int var1, int var2)
{
	int answer=var1;

	if(answer<var2)
	{
		answer=var2;
	}

	return answer;
}



int min_int(int var1, int var2)
{
	int answer=var1;

	if(answer>var2)
	{
		answer=var2;
	}

	return answer;
}



long int pow_int(int base, unsigned int exponent)
{
	long int answer=1;

	answer=(long int)pow((double)base, (double)exponent);

	return answer;
}



long int pow_int_mod(int base, unsigned int exponent, int mod)
{
	long int answer=1;
	while (exponent>0)
	{
		if (exponent&1)
		{
			answer=(answer*(base%mod))%mod;
			if(answer==0)
			{
				break;
			}
		}
		base=(base*base)%mod;
		exponent=exponent>>1;
	}
	return answer;
}



unsigned long int factorial(unsigned int num)
{
	unsigned int i=0;
	unsigned long int answer=1;
	rep(i, 2, num)
	{
		answer=answer*i;
	}
	return answer;
}



unsigned long int factorial_mod(unsigned int num, int mod)
{
	unsigned int i=0;
	unsigned long int answer=1;
	rep(i, 2, num)
	{
		answer=(answer*(i%mod))%mod;
		if(answer==0)
		{
			break;
		}
	}
	return answer;
}



unsigned long int combination(unsigned int n, unsigned int k)
{
	unsigned int i=0;
	unsigned long int numerator=1;
	unsigned long int denominator=1;

	k=min_int(k, n-k);

	rep(i, 2, k)
	{
		numerator=numerator*(n+1-i);
		denominator=denominator*i;
	}
	return numerator/denominator;
}



double combination_general(double alpha, unsigned int k)
{
	unsigned int i;
	double numerator=1;
	unsigned long int denominator=1;

	rep(i, 1, k)
	{
		numerator=numerator*(alpha+1-i);
		denominator=denominator*i;
	}
	return numerator/denominator;
}



int gcd(int a, int b)
{
	if(a<b)
	{
		swap_int(&a, &b);
	}

	int r=a%b;

	while(r!=0)
	{
		a=b;
		b=r;
		r=a%b;
	}

	return b;
}



int lcm(int a, int b)
{
	return (a/gcd(a, b))*b;
}



int order(long int num)
{
	int answer=-1;
	while(num!=0)
	{
		num=num/10;
		answer=answer+1;
	}
	return answer;
}



long int convert_adic_int(char num[], unsigned int p_adic, unsigned int q_adic)
{
	int i=0;
	long int answer=0;
	bool sgn=0;
	long int tmp=strtol(num, NULL, p_adic);

	if(tmp<0)
	{
		sgn=1;
		tmp=-tmp;
	}

	while(tmp>0)
	{
		answer=answer+(tmp%q_adic)*pow_int(10, i);
		tmp=tmp/q_adic;
		i=i+1;
	}

	if(sgn==0)
	{
		return answer;
	}
	else
	{
		return -answer;
	}
}



void convert_adic_char(char num[], unsigned int p_adic, unsigned int q_adic)
{
	int i=0;
	int mod[32]={0};
	bool sgn=0;
	int digit=0;
	long int tmp=strtol(num, NULL, p_adic);

	if(tmp<0)
	{
		sgn=1;
		tmp=-tmp;
	}

	while(tmp>0)
	{
		mod[i]=tmp%q_adic;

		digit=i;
		tmp=tmp/q_adic;
		i=i+1;
	}

	fill_char(num, 0, strlen(num)-1, '\0');

	if(sgn==1)
	{
		num[0]='-';
	}

	rep(i, 0, digit)
	{
		if(mod[i]<10)
		{
			num[sgn+digit-i]='0'+mod[i];
		}
		else if(mod[i]<q_adic)
		{
			num[sgn+digit-i]='a'+(mod[i]-10);
		}
	}
}



int count_mod(int min, int max, int num)
{
	if(min>0)
	{
		return max/num-(min-1)/num;
	}
	else if(min==0)
	{
		return max/num+1;
	}
	else
	{
		return -1;
	}
}



void shift_char(char array[], int min, int max, int num)
{
	int i;

	for(i=max; i>=min; i=i-1)
	{
		array[i+num]=array[i];
	}

	rep(i, min, min+num-1)
	{
		array[i]='\0';
	}
}



void convert_char(char array[], int min, int max, char pre, char post)
{
	int i=min;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(array[i]==pre)
		{
			array[i]=post;
		}
	}
}



void sort_asc_int(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(array[i]>array[j])
			{
				swap_int(&array[i], &array[j]);
			}
		}
	}
}



void sort_des_int(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(array[i]<array[j])
			{
				swap_int(&array[i], &array[j]);
			}
		}
	}
}



void sort_asc_char_dic(char array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(strcmp(&array[i], &array[j])>0)
			{
				swap_char(&array[i], &array[j]);
			}
		}
	}
}



void sort_asc_char_array_dic(int size, char array[][size], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(strcmp(array[i], array[j])>0)
			{
				swap_char_array(array[i], array[j], 0, size-1);
			}
		}
	}
}



void sort_des_char_dic(char array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(strcmp(&array[i], &array[j])<0)
			{
				swap_char(&array[i], &array[j]);
			}
		}
	}
}



void sort_des_char_array_dic(int size, char array[][size], int min, int max)
{
	int i, j;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		rep(j, i+1, max)
		{
			if(strcmp(array[i], array[j])<0)
			{
				swap_char_array(array[i], array[j], 0, size-1);
			}
		}
	}
}



int max_int_array(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	int answer;

	answer=array[min];

	for(i=min+1; i<=max; i=i+1)
	{
		answer=max_int(answer, array[i]);
	}

	return answer;
}



void max_int_array_num(int array[], int min, int max, int answer[])
{
	int i=min;
	int count=0;
	int max_value=max_int_array(array, min, max);

	fill_int(answer, 0, max-min, -1);

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(array[i]==max_value)
		{
			answer[count]=i;
			count=count+1;
		}
	}
}



int min_int_array(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	int answer;

	answer=array[min];

	for(i=min+1; i<=max; i=i+1)
	{
		answer=min_int(answer, array[i]);
	}

	return answer;
}



void min_int_array_num(int array[], int min, int max, int answer[])
{
	int i=min;
	int count=0;
	int min_value=min_int_array(array, min, max);

	fill_int(answer, 0, max-min, -1);

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(array[i]==min_value)
		{
			answer[count]=i;
			count=count+1;
		}
	}
}



int max_char_array_dic(int size, char array[][size], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	int answer=min;

	rep(i, min+1, max)
	{
		if(strcmp(array[answer], array[i])<0)
		{
			answer=i;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int min_char_array_dic(int size, char array[][size], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	int answer=min;

	rep(i, min+1, max)
	{
		if(strcmp(array[answer], array[i])>0)
		{
			answer=i;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int sum_array(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i=min;
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		answer=answer+array[i];
	}

	return answer;
}



bool detect_int(int array[], int min, int max, int element)
{
	int i;
	bool answer=0;

	if_exists(i, min, max, array[i]==element)
	{
		answer=1;
	}

	return answer;
}



bool detect_char(char array[], int min, int max, char element)
{
	int i;
	bool answer=0;

	if_exists(i, min, max, array[i]==element)
	{
		answer=1;
	}
	return answer;
}



bool detect_char_array(char array[], int min, int max, char element[], int start, int goal)
{
	int i, j;
	bool answer=0;

	if(goal-start<=max-min)
	{
		rep(i, min, max-(goal-start))
		{
			if_forall(j, start, goal, array[i+j-start]==element[j])
			{
				answer=1;
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	return answer;
}




int count_differentelement_int(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i=min;
	int pickup[max];
	fill_int(pickup, 0, max, 0);
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(detect_int(pickup, 0, answer-1, array[i])==0)
		{
			pickup[answer]=array[i];
			answer=answer+1;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int count_differentelement_char(char array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i=min;
	char pickup[max];
	fill_char(pickup, 0, max, '\0');
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(detect_char_array(pickup, 0, answer-1, array, i, i)==0)
		{
			pickup[answer]=array[i];
			answer=answer+1;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int count_equalelement_int(int array[], int min, int max, int element)
{
	int i;
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(array[i]==element)
		{
			answer=answer+1;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int count_equalelement_char(char array[], int min, int max, char element)
{
	int i;
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(array[i]==element)
		{
			answer=answer+1;
		}
	}

	return answer;
}



int count_equalelement_char_array(int size, char array[][size], int min, int max, char element[])
{
	int i;
	int answer=0;

	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		if(strcmp(array[i], element)==0)
		{
			answer=answer+1;
		}
	}
	return answer;
}



void scanf_int_array(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		scanf("%d", &array[i]);
	}
}



void scanf_int_array_2(int array1[], int array2[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		scanf("%d %d", &array1[i], &array2[i]);
	}
}



void scanf_int_array_3(int array1[], int array2[], int array3[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		scanf("%d %d %d", &array1[i], &array2[i], &array3[i]);
	}
}



void scanf_char_array(char array[], int num)
{
	scanf("%s", array);
	shift_char(array, 0, strlen(array)-1, num);
}



void printf_int_array(int array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	rep(i, min, max)
	{
		printf("%d\n", array[i]);
	}
}



void printf_char_array(char array[], int min, int max)
{
	int i;
	for(i=min; i<=max; i=i+1)
	{
		printf("%c", array[i]);
	}
}












int main()
{
	int i, j;
	int a, b;
	scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

	int s=0;
	sum(i, 1, b-a, i, s);
	printf("%d\n", s-b);
	return 0;
}