Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include<stdio.h>
#define INFTY 999999
#define N 500000
 
void merge(int[],int,int,int);
void mergeSort(int[],int,int);
 
int count = 0;
 
int main()
{
  int i,n,A[N];
 
  scanf("%d",&n);
   
  for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
    scanf("%d",&A[i]);
   
  mergeSort(A,0,n);
   
  for(i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
    printf("%d ",A[i]);
   
  printf("%d\n%d\n",A[n - 1],count);
   
  return 0;
}
 void merge(int A[],int left,int mid,int right)
 {
   int n1 = mid - left;
   int n2 = right - mid;
   int L[N],R[N],k,i,j; 
    
    for( i = 0; i < n1; i++) 
      L[i] = A[left + i];
     
    for ( i = 0; i < n2; i++)
      R[i] = A[mid + i];
     
    L[n1] = INFTY;
    R[n2] = INFTY;
     
    i = 0;
        j = 0;
     
    for( k = left; k < right; k++)
      if (L[i] <= R[j])
        {
          A[k] = L[i];
          i++;
          count++;
        }
     
      else
        {
          A[k] = R[j];
          j++;
          count++;
        }
     
     
    }
 
void mergeSort(int A[],int left,int right)
{
  int mid;
   
  if(left + 1< right)
    {
      mid = (left + right)/2;
      mergeSort(A, left, mid);
      mergeSort(A, mid, right);
      merge(A, left, mid, right);
    }
}