Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 500000
#define INF 900000000
int cnt;
void merge(int *, int ,int ,int);
void mergeSort(int *,int, int);

int main(){
    int a,A[N],i;

    scanf("%d",&a);
    for(i = 0;i < a;i++){
        scanf("%d",&A[i]);
    }
    mergeSort(A,0,a);

    for(i = 0;i < a;i++){
        if(i == a - 1){
            printf("%d\n",A[i]);
        }else printf("%d ",A[i]);
    }

    printf("%d\n",cnt);

    return 0;
}
void merge(int *A,int left,int mid,int right)
{
int n1,n2;
int i,j,k;

n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;

int L[n1 + 1],R[n2 + 1];

for(i = 0;i < n1;i++){
    L[i] = A[left + i];
}
for(i = 0;i < n2;i++){
    R[i] = A[mid + i];
}
L[n1] = INF;
R[n2] = INF;

i = 0;
j = 0;

for(k = left;k < right;k++){
    if(L[i] <= R[j]){
        A[k] = L[i];
        i++;
        cnt++;
    }else{
        A[k] = R[j];
        j++;
        cnt++;
    }
  }
}
void mergeSort(int *A,int left,int right){
    int mid;

    if(left+1 < right){
    mid = (left + right) / 2;
    mergeSort(A, left, mid);
    mergeSort(A, mid,right);
    merge(A,left,mid,right);
    }
}