Problem:
Score: 300 points

Problem Statement

Consider an analog clock whose hour and minute hands are A and B centimeters long, respectively.

An endpoint of the hour hand and an endpoint of the minute hand are fixed at the same point, around which each hand rotates clockwise at constant angular velocity. It takes the hour and minute hands 12 hours and 1 hour to make one full rotation, respectively.

At 0 o'clock, the two hands overlap each other. H hours and M minutes later, what is the distance in centimeters between the unfixed endpoints of the hands?

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

1 \leq A, B \leq 1000

0 \leq H \leq 11

0 \leq M \leq 59

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

A B H M

Output

Print the answer without units. Your output will be accepted when its absolute or relative error from the correct value is at most 10^{-9}.

Sample Input 1

3 4 9 0

Sample Output 1

5.00000000000000000000

The two hands will be in the positions shown in the figure below, so the answer is 5 centimeters.

Sample Input 2

3 4 10 40

Sample Output 2

4.56425719433005567605

The two hands will be in the positions shown in the figure below. Note that each hand always rotates at constant angular velocity.

Solution in C (GCC 9.2.1) (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <limits.h>

#define REP(i,n) for(i=0;i<n;i++)

#define MAX 1000000
#define MOD 1000000007

long long fac[MAX], finv[MAX], inv[MAX];

//prototype declaration
int i_in();
long long ll_in();
double d_in();
char c_in();
void s_in(char *s);
void i_out(int i);
void ll_out(long long i);
void d_out(double i);
void c_out(char c);
void s_out(char *s);
int gcd(int a, int b);
int lcm(int a, int b);
long long ll_gcd(long long a, long long b);
long long ll_lcm(long long a, long long b);
void sort_asc(int *a);
void sort_desc(int *a);
int asc(const void *a, const void *b);
int desc(const void *a, const void *b);
void ll_sort_asc(long long *a);
void ll_sort_desc(long long *a);
int ll_asc(const void *a, const void *b);
int ll_desc(const void *a, const void *b);
double to_deg(double rad);
double distance(int xi, int yi, int xj, int yj);
void initComb();
long long comb(int n, int k);

//main function
int main() {
    double a = d_in(), b = d_in(), h = d_in(), m = d_in(), c;
    double th, ath, bth;

    m /= 60.0;
    h = (h + m) / 12.0;
    ath = 2 * M_PI * h;
    bth = 2 * M_PI * m;

    th = ath > bth ? (ath - bth) : (bth - ath);

    c = a*a + b*b - 2*a*b*cos(th);
    c = sqrt(c);

    d_out(c);
    return 0;
}

//body function
int i_in() {
    int i;
    scanf("%d", &i);
    return i;
}

long long ll_in() {
    long long i;
    scanf("%lld", &i);
    return i;
}

double d_in() {
    double i;
    scanf("%lf", &i);
    return i;
}

char c_in() {
    char c;
    scanf("%c", &c);
    return c;
}

void s_in(char *s) {
    scanf("%s", s);
}

void i_out(int i) {
    printf("%d\n", i);
}

void ll_out(long long i) {
    printf("%lld\n", i);
}

void d_out(double i) {
    printf("%lf\n", i);
}

void c_out(char c) {
    printf("%c\n", c);
}

void s_out(char *s) {
    printf("%s\n", s);
}

/*
    int型の最大公約数
*/

int gcd(int a, int b) {
    int r;

    if (a < b) {
        r = a;
        a = b;
        b = r;
    }

    r = a % b;
    while (r != 0) {
        a = b;
        b = r;
        r = a % b;
    }

    return b;
}

/*
    int型の最小公倍数
*/

int lcm(int a, int b) {
    int r = ll_gcd(a, b);
    a /= r;
    return a * b;
}

/*
    long long型の最大公約数
*/

long long ll_gcd(long long a, long long b) {
    long long r;

    if (a < b) {
        r = a;
        a = b;
        b = r;
    }

    r = a % b;
    while (r != 0) {
        a = b;
        b = r;
        r = a % b;
    }

    return b;
}

/*
    long long型の最小公倍数
*/

long long ll_lcm(long long a, long long b) {
    long long r = ll_gcd(a, b);
    a /= r;
    return a * b;
}

/*
    int型の昇順ソート
*/

void sort_asc(int *a) {
    qsort(a, sizeof(a)/sizeof(int), sizeof(int), asc);
}

/*
    int型の降順ソート
*/

void sort_desc(int *a) {
    qsort(a, sizeof(a)/sizeof(int), sizeof(int), desc);
}

/*
    int型の昇順用比較関数
*/

int asc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    return *(int *)a - *(int *)b;
}

/*
    int型の降順用比較関数
*/

int desc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    return *(int *)b - *(int *)a;
}

/*
    long long型の昇順ソート
*/

void ll_sort_asc(long long *a) {
    qsort(a, sizeof(a)/sizeof(long long), sizeof(long long), ll_asc);
}

/*
    long long型の降順ソート
*/

void ll_sort_desc(long long *a) {
    qsort(a, sizeof(a)/sizeof(long long), sizeof(long long), ll_desc);
}

/*
    long long型の昇順用比較関数
*/

int ll_asc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    long long *A = (long long *)a;
    long long *B = (long long *)b;
    if (*A > *B) return 1;
    else if (*A < *B) return -1;
    else return 0;
}

/*
    long long型の降順用比較関数
*/

int ll_desc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    long long *A = (long long *)a;
    long long *B = (long long *)b;
    if (*A < *B) return 1;
    else if (*A > *B) return -1;
    else return 0;
}

/*
    弧度法を度数法に
*/

double to_deg(double rad) {
    return rad * 180.0 / (atan(1.0) * 4.0);
}

/*
    二点間の距離
*/

double distance(int xi, int yi, int xj, int yj) {
    return hypot(xj - xi, yj - yi);
}

/*
    組み合わせ用配列の初期化
*/

void initComb() {
    fac[0] = fac[1] = 1;
    finv[0] = finv[1] = 1;
    inv[1] = 1;
    for (int i = 2; i < MAX; i++){
        fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i % MOD;
        inv[i] = MOD - inv[MOD%i] * (MOD / i) % MOD;
        finv[i] = finv[i - 1] * inv[i] % MOD;
    }
}

/*
    nCkの組み合わせ計算
*/

long long comb(int n, int k){
    if (n < k) return 0;
    if (n < 0 || k < 0) return 0;
    return fac[n] * (finv[k] * finv[n - k] % MOD) % MOD;
}