Problem:
Binary Search Tree III

Write a program which performs the following operations to a binary search tree $T$ by adding delete operation to B: Binary Search Tree II.

insert $k$: Insert a node containing $k$ as key into $T$.

find $k$: Report whether $T$ has a node containing $k$.

delete $k$: Delete a node containing $k$.

print: Print the keys of the binary search tree by inorder tree walk and preorder tree walk respectively.

The operation delete $k$ for deleting a given node $z$ containing key $k$ from $T$ can be implemented by an algorithm which considers the following cases:

If $z$ has no children, we modify its parent $z.p$ to replace $z$ with NIL as its child (delete $z$).

If $z$ has only a single child, we "splice out" $z$ by making a new link between its child and its parent.

If $z$ has two children, we splice out $z$'s successor $y$ and replace $z$'s key with $y$'s key.

Input

In the first line, the number of operations $m$ is given. In the following $m$ lines, operations represented by insert $k$, find $k$, delete $k$ or print are given.

Output

For each find $k$ operation, print "yes" if $T$ has a node containing $k$, "no" if not.

In addition, for each print operation, print a list of keys obtained by inorder tree walk and preorder tree walk in a line respectively. Put a space character before each key

Constraints

The number of operations $\leq 500,000$

The number of print operations $\leq 10$.

$-2,000,000,000 \leq key \leq 2,000,000,000$

The height of the binary tree does not exceed 100 if you employ the above pseudo code.

The keys in the binary search tree are all different.

Sample Input 1

18
insert 8
insert 2
insert 3
insert 7
insert 22
insert 1
find 1
find 2
find 3
find 4
find 5
find 6
find 7
find 8
print
delete 3
delete 7
print

Sample Output 1

yes
yes
yes
no
no
no
yes
yes
1 2 3 7 8 22
8 2 1 3 7 22
1 2 8 22
8 2 1 22

Reference

Introduction to Algorithms, Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein. The MIT Press.

Solution in C (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

struct node{
  struct node *right;
  struct node *left;
  struct node *parent;
  int key;
};
typedef struct node * Node;
#define NIL NULL

Node root;

Node treeMinimum(Node x){
  while(x->left!=NIL)
     x=x->left;
     return x;
}

Node treeMaximum(Node x){
  while(x->right!=NIL)
    x=x->right;
  return x;
}


Node treeSearch(Node u, int k){
  while(u!=NIL && k!=u->key)
    {
      if(k<u->key)
        u=u->left;
      else u=u->right;
    }
  return u;
}
  
Node treeSuccessor(Node x){
   if(x->right!=NIL)
     return treeMinimum(x->right); 
 Node y=x->parent;
  while(y!=NIL && x==y->right)
    {
      x=y;
      y=y->parent;
    }
      return y;
    }

void treeDelete(Node z){
  Node y; // node to be deleted
  Node x; // child of y
  if(z->left==NIL || z->right==NIL)
      y=z;
    else
          y=treeSuccessor(z);
    if(y->left!=NIL)
       x=y->left;
    else
    x=y->right;
  if(x!=NIL)
     x->parent=y->parent;
  if(y->parent==NIL)
      root=x;
   else if(y==(y->parent)->left)
       (y->parent)->left=x;    
  else
     (y->parent)->right=x;
    if(y!=z)
      z->key=y->key;
  }

void insert(int k){
  Node y = NIL;
  Node x = root;
  Node z;

  z = malloc(sizeof(struct node));
  z->key = k;
  z->left = NIL;
  z->right = NIL;

  while(x!=NIL)
    {
      y=x;
      if(z->key < x->key)
         x=x->left;
  else
  x=x->right;   
    }
  z->parent=y;
  if(y==NIL)
     root=z;
   else if(z->key < y->key)
      y->left=z;
   else
      y->right=z;
   
}

void inorder(Node u){
  int i=0;
  if(u!=NIL)
    {
  inorder(u->left);
  printf(" %d",u->key);
  inorder(u->right);
    }
}
void preorder(Node u){
  int i=0;
  if(u!=NIL)
    {
    printf(" %d",u->key);
    preorder(u->left);
    preorder(u->right);
    }
}


int main(){
  int n, i, x;
  char com[20];

  scanf("%d", &n);
  for ( i = 0; i < n; i++ ){
    scanf("%s", com);
    if ( com[0] == 'i' ){
      scanf("%d", &x);
      insert(x);
   
    } else if ( com[0] == 'p' ){
      inorder(root);
      printf("\n");
      preorder(root);
      printf("\n");
    }else if( com[0]=='f'){
      scanf("%d",&x);
      Node t=treeSearch(root,x);
      if(t!=NIL)
        printf("yes\n");
      else printf("no\n");
    }else if ( com[0] == 'd' ){
      scanf("%d", &x);
      treeDelete(treeSearch(root, x));
    }
  }

  return 0;
}