Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Runtime Error)

#include<stdio.h>
#define N 10000000;
int A[50000];
int L[50000],R[500000];
int count=0;
void Merge(int,int,int);
void Mergesort(int,int);
int main(){
  int i,j;
  scanf("%d",&j);
  for(i=0; i<j; i++){
    scanf("%d",&A[i]);
  }
  Mergesort(0,j);
  for(i=0;i<j;i++){
    printf("%d",A[i]);
    if(i<j-1){
      printf(" ");
    }
  }
  printf("\n%d\n",count);
  return 0;
}
void Merge(int left,int mid,int right){
  int n1,n2,i,j,k;
  n1=mid - left;
  n2= right - mid;
  for(i=0;i<n1;i++){
    L[i]=A[left+i];
  }
  for(i=0;i<n2;i++){
    R[i]=A[mid+i];
  }
  R[n2]=L[n1]=N;
  i=j=0;
  for(k=left;k<right;k++){
    count++;
      if(L[i]<=R[j]){
	A[k]=L[i];
	i++;
      }
	else{
	  A[k]=R[j];
	  j++;
	}
  }
}
void Mergesort(int left,int right){
  int mid;
  if(left + 1 < right){
    mid=(left + right)/2;
    Mergesort(left,mid);
    Mergesort(mid,right);
    Merge(left,mid,right);
  }
}