Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in C (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef long long int ll;
void swap(ll *x,ll *y){ll temp;temp=*x;*x=*y;*y=temp;}
ll asc(const void *a,const void *b){return *(ll*)a-*(ll*)b;}
ll desc(const void *a,const void *b){return *(ll*)b-*(ll*)a;}
ll max(ll x,ll y){return x>y?x:y;}
ll min(ll x,ll y){return x>y?y:x;}

int main(){
    int n,p[40];
    scanf("%d",&n);

    int cnt=0;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&p[i]);
    for(int i=1;i<n-1;i++){
        if(p[i-1]<p[i]&&p[i]<p[i+1])cnt++;
        else if(p[i-1]>p[i]&&p[i]>p[i+1])cnt++;
    }
    printf("%d\n",cnt);
    return 0;

}