Problem:
Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N towns in a coordinate plane. Town i is located at coordinates (x_i, y_i). The distance between Town i and Town j is \sqrt{\left(x_i-x_j\right)^2+\left(y_i-y_j\right)^2}.

There are N! possible paths to visit all of these towns once. Let the length of a path be the distance covered when we start at the first town in the path, visit the second, third, \dots, towns, and arrive at the last town (assume that we travel in a straight line from a town to another). Compute the average length of these N! paths.

Constraints

2 \leq N \leq 8

-1000 \leq x_i \leq 1000

-1000 \leq y_i \leq 1000

\left(x_i, y_i\right) \neq \left(x_j, y_j\right) (if i \neq j)

(Added 21:12 JST) All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the average length of the paths.
Your output will be judges as correct when the absolute difference from the judge's output is at most 10^{-6}.

Sample Input 1

3
0 0
1 0
0 1

Sample Output 1

2.2761423749

There are six paths to visit the towns: 1 → 2 → 3, 1 → 3 → 2, 2 → 1 → 3, 2 → 3 → 1, 3 → 1 → 2, and 3 → 2 → 1.

The length of the path 1 → 2 → 3 is \sqrt{\left(0-1\right)^2+\left(0-0\right)^2} + \sqrt{\left(1-0\right)^2+\left(0-1\right)^2} = 1+\sqrt{2}.

By calculating the lengths of the other paths in this way, we see that the average length of all routes is:

\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)}{6} = 2.276142...

Sample Input 2

2
-879 981
-866 890

Sample Output 2

91.9238815543

There are two paths to visit the towns: 1 → 2 and 2 → 1. These paths have the same length.

Sample Input 3

8
-406 10
512 859
494 362
-955 -475
128 553
-986 -885
763 77
449 310

Sample Output 3

7641.9817824387

Solution in C (GCC 5.4.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <limits.h>

#define REP(i,n) for(i=0;i<n;i++)

//prototype declaration
int iin();
long long llin();
double din();
char cin();
void stin(char *s);
void iout(int i);
void llout(long long i);
void dout(double i);
void cout(char c);
void stout(char *s);
int gcd(int a, int b);
int lcm(int a, int b);
long long llgcd(long long a, long long b);
long long lllcm(long long a, long long b);
int asc(const void *a, const void *b);
int desc(const void *a, const void *b);
double to_deg(double rad);
double distance(int xi, int yi, int xj, int yj);

//main function
int main() {
    int N = iin(), i, j;
    int x[N], y[N];
    double d, d_sum = 0;
    REP(i,N) {
        x[i] = iin();
        y[i] = iin();
    }
    REP(i,N) {
        REP(j,N) {
            if (i == j) {
                d = 0;
                d_sum += d;
                continue;
            }
            d = distance(x[i], y[i], x[j], y[j]);
            d_sum += d;
        }
    }
    dout(d_sum / N);
    return 0;
}

//body function
int iin() {
    int i;
    scanf("%d", &i);
    return i;
}

long long llin() {
    long long i;
    scanf("%lld", &i);
    return i;
}

double din() {
    double i;
    scanf("%lf", &i);
    return i;
}

char cin() {
    char c;
    scanf("%c", &c);
    return c;
}

void stin(char *s) {
    scanf("%s", s);
}

void iout(int i) {
    printf("%d\n", i);
}

void llout(long long i) {
    printf("%lld\n", i);
}

void dout(double i) {
    printf("%lf\n", i);
}

void cout(char c) {
    printf("%c\n", c);
}

void stout(char *s) {
    printf("%s\n", s);
}

/*
    int型の最大公約数
*/

int gcd(int a, int b) {
    int r;

    if (a < b) {
        r = a;
        a = b;
        b = r;
    }

    r = a % b;
    while (r != 0) {
        a = b;
        b = r;
        r = a % b;
    }

    return b;
}

/*
    int型の最小公倍数
*/

int lcm(int a, int b) {
    int r = llgcd(a, b);
    a /= r;
    return a * b;
}

/*
    long long型の最大公約数
*/

long long llgcd(long long a, long long b) {
    long long r;

    if (a < b) {
        r = a;
        a = b;
        b = r;
    }

    r = a % b;
    while (r != 0) {
        a = b;
        b = r;
        r = a % b;
    }

    return b;
}

/*
    long long型の最小公倍数
*/

long long lllcm(long long a, long long b) {
    long long r = llgcd(a, b);
    a /= r;
    return a * b;
}

/*
    int型の昇順用比較関数
*/

int asc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    return *(int *)a - *(int *)b;
}

/*
    int型の降順用比較関数
*/

int desc(const void *a, const void *b) {
    return *(int *)b - *(int *)a;
}

/*
    弧度法を度数法に
*/

double to_deg(double rad) {
    return rad * 180.0 / (atan(1.0) * 4.0);
}

double distance(int xi, int yi, int xj, int yj) {
    return hypot(xj - xi, yj - yi);
}