Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

   #include <stdio.h>
    #define MAX 500001
    #define INFTY 100000000
    int A[MAX],L[MAX],R[MAX];
    int c=0;

    int main(){
      int i,n;
      scanf("%d",&n);
      for(i=0;i<n;i++){
        scanf("%d",&A[i]);
      }
    
      mergesort(A,0,n);
    
      for(i=0;i<n;i++){
        printf("%d",A[i]);
        if(i<n-1){
          printf(" ");
    }
}
printf("\n%d\n",c);
      
return 0;

    }
    
    void merge(int A[], int left, int mid, int right){
    
      int n1,n2,i,j,k;
    
    n1 = mid - left;
    
    n2 = right - mid;
    
    for(i=0;i<=n1;i++){
      L[i]=A[left+i];
     }
    for(i=0;i<=n2;i++){
      R[i]=A[mid+i];
     }

      L[n1]=INFTY;
      R[n2]=INFTY;
       i=0;
      j=0;

    for(k=left;k<right;k++){
      c++;
      if(L[i]<=R[j]){
        A[k]=L[i];
        i=i+1;
      }
      else{
                A[k]=R[j];
            j=j+1;
         }
        }
        }
    
    void mergesort(int A[],int left,int right){
      int mid;
      if(left+1<right){
        mid = (left + right)/2;
           mergesort(A,left,mid);
        mergesort(A,mid,right);
        merge(A,left, mid, right);
          }
    }