Problem:
Merge Sort

Write a program of a Merge Sort algorithm implemented by the following pseudocode. You should also report the number of comparisons in the Merge function.

Merge(A, left, mid, right)
n1 = mid - left;
n2 = right - mid;
create array L[0...n1], R[0...n2]
for i = 0 to n1-1
do L[i] = A[left + i]
for i = 0 to n2-1
do R[i] = A[mid + i]
L[n1] = SENTINEL
R[n2] = SENTINEL
i = 0;
j = 0;
for k = left to right-1
if L[i] <= R[j]
then A[k] = L[i]
i = i + 1
else A[k] = R[j]
j = j + 1

Merge-Sort(A, left, right){
if left+1 < right
then mid = (left + right)/2;
call Merge-Sort(A, left, mid)
call Merge-Sort(A, mid, right)
call Merge(A, left, mid, right)

Input

In the first line n is given. In the second line, n integers are given.

Output

In the first line, print the sequence S. Two consequtive elements should be separated by a space character.

In the second line, print the number of comparisons.

Constraints

n ≤ 500000

0 ≤ an element in S ≤ 109

Sample Input 1

10
8 5 9 2 6 3 7 1 10 4

Sample Output 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
34

Notes

Solution in C (judge verdict: Wrong Answer)

#include <stdio.h>

#define SENTINEL 100000000
#define MAX 500000
int L[MAX],R[MAX];
int count=0;
void Merge(int A[],int n,int left,int mid,int right);
void MergeSort(int A[],int n,int left,int right);

int main(void){

	int i,n;	
	int A[MAX];	
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++){ scanf("%d",&A[i]); }
	MergeSort(A,n,0,n);
	for(i=0;i<n;i++){
		if(i){ printf(" "); }
		printf("%d",A[i]);
	}
	
	printf("\n%d\n",count);

	

return 0;
}


void Merge(int A[],int n,int left,int mid,int right){

	int i,j,k,n1,n2;

	n1 = mid - left;
	n2 = right - mid;
	
	for(i=0;i<n1;i++){ L[i] = A[left+i]; } 
	for(i=0;i<n2;i++){ R[i] = A[mid+i]; }
	L[n1] = SENTINEL;
	R[n2] = SENTINEL;
	i = j = 0;
	for(k=left;k<right;k++){
		count++;
		if(L[i] <= R[j]){ 
			A[k] = L[i];
		    i++; 
		}else{
			A[k] = R[j];
			j++;
		}
	}
	
}

void MergeSort(int A[],int n,int left,int right){
    int mid;	
	if(left+1 < right){
		mid = (left + right)/2;
		MergeSort(A,n,left,mid);
		MergeSort(A,n,mid,right);
		Merge(A,n,left,mid,right);
	}
}