Problem:
Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

We have a permutation p = {p_1,\ p_2,\ ...,\ p_n} of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the following condition:

p_i is the second smallest number among the three numbers p_{i - 1}, p_i, and p_{i + 1}.

Constraints

All values in input are integers.

3 \leq n \leq 20

p is a permutation of {1,\ 2,\ ...,\ n}.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
p_1 p_2 ... p_n

Output

Print the number of elements p_i (1 < i < n) that satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 1

5
1 3 5 4 2

Sample Output 1

2

p_2 = 3 is the second smallest number among p_1 = 1, p_2 = 3, and p_3 = 5. Also, p_4 = 4 is the second smallest number among p_3 = 5, p_4 = 4, and p_5 = 2. These two elements satisfy the condition.

Sample Input 2

9
9 6 3 2 5 8 7 4 1

Sample Output 2

5

Solution in C (GCC 9.2.1) (judge verdict: Accepted)

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a,count=0;
    scanf("%d",&a);
    int arr[a];
    for (int i=0; i<=a-1; i++) {
        scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
    }

    for(int i=1;i<a-1;i++)
    {
        if( (( arr[i] > arr[i-1] ) && ( arr[i] < arr[i+1])) || ((arr[i] < arr[i-1]) && (arr[i]>arr[i+1])))
        {
                count++;
        }
        
    }
    printf("%d \n",count);
    return 0;
    
}