Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
In 1914, Chicago amended its film censorship ordinance, setting up a category of films approved for showing only to persons over twenty-one (the first example of a rating system in motion-picture exhibition). The police were authorized to give such films "pink permits". According to testimony before the Chicago Motion Picture Commission, the plan took shape following an incident over a film based on Nathaniel Hawthorne's 1850 novel The Scarlet Letter. A delegation of women, having seen the film, requested the police to allow it to be shown. The official in charge replied that he did not know how he could explain to his fifteen-year-old daughter what the scarlet "A" meant, therefore he could not pass the film. Nevertheless, he was troubled, since clearly murder and robbery, the usual censorship taboos, were not at issue.  He entered into a "gentleman's agreement" with the film's producer, allowing the film to be shown publicly, provided no one under twenty-one was allowed in. After several similar dilemmas over the films based on literary classics, the "pink permit" policy became law.

Sources 
Hays, Will H., "The Motion Picture Industry," American Review of Reviews, Vol. 67 (January 1923), p. 75.
Sklar, Robert, Movie-Made America: A Cultural History of American Movies, Random House 1974, 1994 

Motion picture rating systems
Ali Choupani () is an Iranian football forward who currently plays for Iranian football club Padideh on loan from Sepahan in the Iran Pro League.

Club career

Sepahan
Choupani started his career with Sepahan Academy. He promoted to first in 2012 after shining with Iran U20 and was given #26 but he never had any chances to make appearances. He signed a 3-year contract extension in summer 2014.

Padideh
He joined Padideh in summer 2014 while he signed one-year loan contract . He made his debut for Padideh
against his former club Sepahan as a substitute for Abbas Mohammadrezaei in 2014–15 Iran Pro League.

Club career statistics

References

External links
 Ali Choupani at PersianLeague.com
 Ali Choupani at IranLeague.ir

1993 births
Living people
Iranian men's footballers
Sepahan S.C. footballers
Shahr Khodro F.C. players
Footballers from Isfahan
Iran men's under-20 international footballers
Men's association football forwards
is a UK constitutional law case, concerning parliamentary sovereignty.

Facts
Pickin claimed that the British Railways Board fraudulently misled Parliament when it passed a private Act of 1968, which abolished a rule that if a railway line were abandoned, the land would vest in the owners of the adjoining land. This rule came from Private Acts of 1836 and 1845. Pickin had bought a small piece of land adjoining the railway line in 1969, the Clevedon-Yatton branch line in Somerset. When the railway closed, he claimed he was entitled to strip of the old line. He argued the Board did not comply with standing orders of each House of Parliament that required individual notice to be given to owners affected by private legislation.

Judgment

Court of Appeal
The Court of Appeal held there was a triable issue. Lord Denning MR said the following:

Edmund-Davies LJ and Stephenson LJ agreed.

House of Lords
The House of Lords held there was no power to disregard an Act of Parliament, public or private, or examine proceedings in Parliament to decide whether the Act was obtained by irregularity or fraud. It followed that Pickin could not claim that the British Railways Board had fraudulently misled Parliament, so as to vitiate an Act. This reversed the judgment of the Court of Appeal.

Lord Morris said the following.

See also

United Kingdom constitutional law

Notes

References

United Kingdom constitutional case law
United Nations Security Council resolution 1369, adopted unanimously on 14 September 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1298 (1999), 1308 (2000), 1312 (2000), 1320 (2000) and 1344 (2001) on the situation between Eritrea and Ethiopia, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) until 15 March 2002.

Resolution

Observations
The security council reaffirmed the need for both Eritrea and Ethiopia to respect international law, humanitarian law, human rights and refugee law and to ensure the safety and security of international humanitarian personnel. It reaffirmed its support for the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed between the governments of both countries and welcomed the implementation of the agreements through the establishment of a Temporary Security Zone (TSZ) and constitution of the Boundary and Claims Commissions.

Acts
Extending UNMEE's mandate, the parties were called upon to co-operate fully with the UNMEE mission. The council stressed that UNMEE's termination was linked to the completion of the work of the Boundary Commission regarding the demarcation of the Ethiopia-Eritrea border, and emphasised that the TSZ had to be completely demilitarised. The parties were called upon to implement the following measures:

(a) allow freedom of movement for UNMEE so it could monitor the area 15 km north and south of the TSZ;
(b) facilitate the establishment of an air corridor between the capitals of Addis Ababa and Asmara;
(c) Eritrea had to provide information on police and militia inside the TSZ;
(d) Ethiopia had to provide information on minefields;
(e) Eritrea had to conclude a Status of Forces Agreement;
(f) release and return prisoners of war;
(g) fulfill financial responsibilities regarding the Boundary Commission.

The parties were also asked to consider confidence-building measures, including affording humane treatment to each other's nationals, exercising restraint in public statements and assisting in contacts between organisations of both countries. The international community was called upon to support the peace process through voluntary contributions, assistance in reconstruction and development, the reintegration of demobilised soldiers and discouraging arms flows to the region.

Finally, both Ethiopia and Eritrea were urged to ensure efforts were targeted on reconstruction and development of their respective economies rather than on weapons procurement. The council would continue to monitor the implementation of the Algiers Agreements and current Security Council resolution before the mandate of UNMEE would be renewed.

See also
 Algiers Agreement (2000)
 Eritrean–Ethiopian War
 List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1301 to 1400 (2000–2002)

References

External links
 
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org

 1369
2001 in Eritrea
2001 in Ethiopia
 1369
 1369
Eritrea–Ethiopia border
September 2001 events
Fort Drum was a town in Okeechobee County, Florida, United States, located on US 441, between Yeehaw Junction and Okeechobee. A service plaza on Florida's Turnpike is named after the town. The Fort Drum Wildlife Management Area consists of nearly 21,000 acres in southwestern Indian River County and is named for its proximity to the town and is known as the birthplace of the St. John's River. Fort Drum is the only known locale for crystal bearing fossil shells. There is a cemetery in the middle of the town on almost eight acres, in which many of the first settlers of Fort Drum were buried and still remain. It is currently owned and maintained by Okeechobee County.

Geography
Fort Drum is located at .

In the Pliocene and Pleistocene it was underlain by the now-smaller Lake Okeechobee. Vast limestone deposits containing the remains of large bivalve molluscs developed calcite crystallization while still under water. The gemlike crystals were discovered after the hard limestone deposits came to be excavated for aggregate. In 2008 the quarry known as Ruck's Pit was closed and allowed to flood.

History
After the end of the Second Seminole War in 1842, the US Army built a network of forts across the central part of the state, with military roads that connected them.  Of those roads, one was roughly east–west from Fort Bassinger to Fort Vinton, north of present-day Vero Beach. The other ran approximately north–south from Fort Kissimmee to Fort Jupiter, and came to be known as the 'old wire road'.

Where the two roads crossed, Fort Drum was built.  The US Army used it only for a short time and then abandoned it. Settlers began to make their way here in the 1870s, some time after the Civil War. The area was considered to be potentially excellent cattle country. The area slowly grew.

With the completion in 1914 of the Kissimmee Valley Extension, the Florida East Coast Railroad brought changes to the area.  They built a small depot in Fort Drum, as well as one to the north, named Osawaw, and south, called Hilolo.

References

External links

 Fort Drum at Ghost Towns and History of the American West
 History Of Okeechobee County at lamartin.com
 History Of Old Fort Drum at RootsWeb.com
 Fort Drum Wildlife Management Area at Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission
 Fort Drum nature areas at Out in the Boonies

Drum
Former populated places in Florida
Former populated places in Okeechobee County, Florida
Pre-statehood history of Florida
Parides hahneli, the Hahnel's Amazonian swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Brazil in the states of Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Pará, where it was placed on the list of endangered species in 2008.

The butterfly was named to honour its collector Paul Hahnel. "Collecting in the neighbourhood of the Amazon, from Para to the foot of the Andes, seems to be more difficult nowadays than formerly. It is true the steamboat takes the collector from place to place, but in the neighbourhood of the larger settlements there is no longer much for him to seek, and living has become extraordinarily expensive. And it is difficult to find a place near the forest fit to live in and secure against flagrant robbery, and the collector is very dependent upon chance in this respect."

Description
It has tails. The forewing has three yellow-grey bands or patches; hindwing with area of the same colour, occupying the greater part of the wing. A technical description is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906)

Taxonomy

Parides hahneli is a member of the chabrias species group

The members are
Parides chabrias 
Parides coelus 
Parides hahneli 
Parides mithras 
Parides pizarro 
Parides quadratus

Status
Parides hahneli is rare.

References
Gary Larson, 1993 Farside 18

Sources

Fauna of Brazil
Parides
Endemic fauna of Brazil
Papilionidae of South America
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Butterflies described in 1882
Meziboří (; ) is a town in Most District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,600 inhabitants.

Geography
Meziboří is located about  north of Most. The entire municipal territory lies in the Ore Mountains. The highest point is the mountain Černý vrch at  above sea level.

History

The first written mention of Meziboří is from 1398 (under its German name Schönbach). For centuries, the inhabitants have subsisted on agriculture, especially the cultivation of rye, oats, potatoes, cattle grazing and forestry. It remained so even at the beginning of industrialization in the second half of the 19th century. The number of inhabitants in the surrounding villages, which depended on coal mining, increased, but in Schönbach the population did not change. Fields on mountain slopes surrounded by forests on all sides couldn't feed more people.

The development of Schönbach was determined by an organized recruitment program for apprentices for heavy industries, announced in 1949 by President Klement Gottwald. In September 1950, the first dormitory for 360 mining apprentices was opened, and in January 1951, a dormitory was opened for another 360 apprentices at the chemical school. In 1952, a girls' apprentice dormitory for miners and excavators was opened. At that time, the town's population reached two thousand. Between 1953 and 1968, a housing estate with fifteen hundred flats was being built. Most of the houses of the old village was demolished and only 11 are preserved to this day. In 1957, the town was renamed Meziboří.

Demographics

Sport
There is a ski resort in Meziboří, operated by the town.

Sights
There are no cultural monuments.

Twin towns – sister cities

Meziboří is twinned with:
 Sayda, Germany
 Sogliano al Rubicone, Italy

References

External links

Cities and towns in the Czech Republic
Socialist planned cities
Populated places in Most District
Orion Story is the stage name of Chance Lambert, an American drag performer who competed on the fourteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race.

Early life 
Chance Lambert was born and raised in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He also lived in Spring Lake.

Career
Lambert began performing in drag at Hamburger Mary's and Rumors Nightclub.

Lambert competed as Orion Story on the fourteenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race. Orion Story was the first contestant on the series from Michigan. She was eliminated in the first episode, after placing in the bottom two and losing a lip-sync battle against June Jambalaya to Lizzo's 2017 song "Water Me". After Orion Story and Daya Betty were invited to re-enter the competition, Orion Story was eliminated again in the fifth episode. While filming, she had an unaired "budding romance" with fellow contestant Jorgeous.

Personal life 
Lambert lives in Cedar Springs, Michigan, as of 2022. He has said he was going through drug withdrawals during the filming of Drag Race. He has also credited the show for pulling him out of homelessness and substance abuse. His drag is inspired by his mother, who died by suicide.

Orion Story had approximately 65,000 followers on Instagram as of February 2022.

References

External links
 

Living people
American drag queens
LGBT people from Michigan
People from Cedar Springs, Michigan
People from Grand Rapids, Michigan
People from Spring Lake, Michigan
Orion Story
1996 births
Neil Lachlan Watson  (10 December 1905 – 28 April 1990) was a New Zealand politician who served as Mayor of Invercargill from 1962 to 1971.

Early life
Watson was born in Invercargill on 10 December 1905. His father, John Lachlan McGillivray Watson, was a lawyer, and his mother, Laetitia Frances Menzies, was the daughter of superintendent of the Southland Province James Alexander Robertson Menzies. He attended Christ's College, and then studied law at Victoria University College. He was admitted to the bar in 1929 and became a partner in his father's law firm the next year. He married Beverley Mitchel in 1936 and they had a daughter and three sons.

Political career
Watson was first elected to the Invercargill City Council in 1950. He was deputy mayor from 1953 until 1962, when he replaced the retiring Adam Adamson as mayor. He served three terms as mayor, overseeing various improvements to the city, including a new airport and new library. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1970 Queen's Birthday Honours, for services to local government.

Death
Watson died in Rotorua on 29 April 1990, aged 84, and was buried at Invercargill's Eastern Cemetery.

References

1905 births
1990 deaths
20th-century New Zealand lawyers
20th-century New Zealand politicians
Burials at Eastern Cemetery, Invercargill
Deputy mayors of Invercargill
Invercargill City Councillors
Mayors of Invercargill
New Zealand Officers of the Order of the British Empire
New Zealand people of Scottish descent
People educated at Christ's College, Christchurch
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
Karen Struthers (born 19 February 1963) is an Australian politician who served in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland from 1998 to 2012.

Early life and career
Before she was elected Struthers was an Assistant Director of the Queensland Council of Social Service.

Member of parliament
She first entered Parliament at the 1998 election, winning the seat of Archerfield after the retirement of sitting member Len Ardill.

Archerfield was abolished in a redistribution ahead of the 2001 state election, and Struthers followed most of her constituents into the new seat of Algester, which she held until her defeat in the 2012 election.

Beattie Ministry
She was promoted to the front bench on 12 February 2004 as Parliamentary Secretary to the Premier (Multicultural Affairs) and Minister for Trade. She was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Employment, Training and Industrial Relations on 28 July 2005 and became Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Health on 13 September 2006.

Bligh Ministry
In March 2009, she was promoted to the Cabinet as Minister for Community Services and Housing and Minister for Women.

Struthers was one of several Labor MPs in previously safe seats who were swept out in the massive Liberal National landslide of 2012, losing to LNP challenger Anthony Shorten on a swing of over 18 percent—enough to turn the seat from safe Labor to safe LNP in one stroke. In a measure of the backlash against Labor that year, Struthers had seen off a challenge from Shorten in 2009, taking 59 percent of the two-party vote.

Personal life
She has one son.

References

1963 births
Living people
Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Queensland
21st-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian women politicians
Women members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly
The Heart of a Lion is a lost 1917 silent film drama directed by Frank Lloyd and starring William Farnum. Fox Film Corporation produced and distributed the movie. It is based on a novel by Ralph Connor.

Cast
William Farnum – Barney Kemper
Mary Martin – Margaret Danforth
William Courtleigh, Jr. – Dick Kemper
Wanda Hawley – Iola Hamilton (*as Wanda Petit)
Walter Law – Tex
Marc Robbins – Hiram Danforth M.D.
Rita Bori – Dolly

See also
1937 Fox vault fire

References

External links
The Heart of a Lion at IMDb.com

web page on restoration of the film's surviving art poster
single sheet lobby poster

1917 films
American silent feature films
Lost American drama films
Films directed by Frank Lloyd
Fox Film films
Films based on Canadian novels
American black-and-white films
Silent American drama films
1917 drama films
1917 lost films
1910s American films
Packsaddle,  New South Wales is a remote township and civil parish of Evelyn County, New South Wales within the Far West Region. Its population is 87.

The parish was calculate at 318500 acres.

The settlement is located where the Silver City Highway crosses the Packsaddle Creek.

The name is said by some to have been given by Burke and Wills who lost a packsaddle crossing the creek upstream from the modern hamlet.

The area was owned by Goldborough Mort and Co in the 1890s, and Kidman in the 1920s.

A gymkhana is held at Easter time.

The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert).

References

Unincorporated Far West Region
Parishes of Evelyn County
Towns in New South Wales
Stanislav Eduardovich Khan (; born 1 July 1987) is a former Russian professional footballer.

Club career
He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Sokol Saratov on 15 August 2004 in a game against FC SKA-Energiya Khabarovsk. He played two more seasons in the FNL for Sokol and FC Dynamo Makhachkala.

External links
 

1987 births
Footballers from Tashkent
Living people
Russian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
FC Sokol Saratov players
Dinaburg FC players
FC Armavir players
FC Spartak Kostroma players
Latvian Higher League players
Russian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Latvia
Russian expatriate sportspeople in Latvia
FC Mashuk-KMV Pyatigorsk players
FC Dynamo Makhachkala players
FC Dynamo Kirov players
A straw man is a form of argument and an informal fallacy.

Straw man or strawman may also refer to:

General
 Straw man (dummy), a dummy made from straw from which the other concepts take their names
 Craterocephalus stramineus, a species of fish

Law and commerce
 Straw man (law), in law, a third party that acts as a front in a transaction
 Straw man proposal, in business and software development, a simple draft proposal to generate discussion
 Strawman theory, a pseudolegal theory in the sovereign citizen, tax protester, freeman, and redemption movements

Publications
 Straw Man (novel), a 1951 novel by Doris Miles Disney
 The Straw Man, a 1957 novel by Jean Giono
 Straw Man (comics), a 1975 Marvel Comics character
 Straw Men (novel), a 2001 novel by Martin J. Smith
 The Straw Men, a 2002 novel by Michael Marshall

Film
 The Straw Man (film), a 1953 British film
 Strawman (film), a 1987 Taiwanese film

Music
 "Strawman", a 1989 song by Lou Reed from New York
 "Straw Man", a 2019 song by Silversun Pickups from Widow's Weeds

See also 
 Corn dolly, a humanoid figure woven from plant stems
 Man of Straw (disambiguation)
 Scarecrow (disambiguation)
 Der Untertan, a 1918 novel by Heinrich Mann
 Der Untertan (film), a 1951 East German film
 Wicker man (disambiguation)
Bakhva Otarovich Tedeyev (, ) (born 18 September 1969, in Tskhinvali) is a retired Russian football player. He was the head coach of FC Alania Vladikavkaz in 2002, 2003 and 2005.

Honours
 Russian Premier League winner: 1995.
 Russian Premier League runner-up: 1992, 1996.
 Russian Premier League bronze: 1993, 1998.
 Top 33 players year-end list: 1992, 1993, 1995, 1996.

International career
Tedeyev made his debut for Russia on 13 February 1993 in a friendly against United States. He scored his first goal for Russia four days later in another friendly, against El Salvador.

References
  Profile

1969 births
Living people
Soviet men's footballers
Russian men's footballers
Russia men's international footballers
FC Dinamo Tbilisi players
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players
FC Dynamo Moscow players
FC Lokomotiv Moscow players
Soviet First League players
Russian Premier League players
Ossetian people
Russian football managers
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz managers
Russian Premier League managers
People from Tskhinvali
Men's association football midfielders
Susan E. Celniker is an American biologist, a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and an adjunct professor Comparative Biochemistry department at UC Berkeley. She is the co-director of the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project.

She has pioneered Drosophila functional genomics, the use of the fruit fly as a genetic model organism for human and environmental health, and launched studies of the transcriptome for NHGRI's modENCODE (which serves as an encyclopedia of DNA Elements) project. Her work was pivotal in making the Drosophila genome one of the best curated animal genomes, and a widely used model for genomic research.

Education 
Celniker graduated from Pitzer College with a BA in Biology and Anthropology and her PhD in biochemistry from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

Career 
After completing her PhD, she started research as a postdoctoral fellow at Caltech under NIH Postdoctoral Service Award from 1983 to 1986 where she worked with Edward B. Lewis (who later became Nobel Laureate in 1995) where she explored the structure and the function of Abdominal B (Abd-B), the most distal gene in the drosophila bithorax complex. In 1995, she was hired as a staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Women in Science 
Celniker is an advocate of Women in STEM, and she is the founder of the "Leo Celniker Fund for Women in Science," named after her father Leo Celniker, who was a physicist and a member of National Organization of Women (NOW) for 20 years.

Awards and honors 
 2019 Berkeley Lab Lifetime Achievement Award
 2016 George Beadle Award from the Genetics Society of America.
 2001 AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize for "The Genome Sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.”

References

External links 
 

American women biologists
Living people
University of North Carolina alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
American women academics
21st-century American women
Pitzer College alumni
California Institute of Technology fellows
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory people