Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
BmKTX (alpha-KTx 3.6) is a scorpion neurotoxin which blocks the voltage gated potassium channel Kv1.3.

Etymology and source 
The name BmK part of the toxin is derived from the name of the scorpion, Buthus martensi (Karsch). KTX also stands for the Kaliotoxin family, which this toxin is a part of. BmKTX is one of the toxins present in the venom of scorpion, found in mostly Mongolia, Korea and China.

Chemistry

Homology  
BmKTX belongs to the α-KTX family, more specifically, the α-KTX subfamily 3, both in terms of primary and 3D structure.  The venom of this scorpion has led to the discovery of 77 different peptides, mainly related to ion channel toxins. Out of these toxins there are 14 short chain toxins, composed of 30–40 amino acid residues, homologous to BmKTX. All these toxins, although being short peptides, are encoded by individual cDNAs, instead of originating from cleavage of a common precursor.

Structure 
The toxin consists of multiple parts. The N- and C- terminals are more disordered compared to the rest of the structure. A 2-turn α-helix, runs from residues 14-20. The conformation is less defined for the preceding residues; residues 11 and 12 classified as a turn, and residue 13 is classified as an extended α-helix. The α helix is connected to a β sheet through an αβ3 turn.
The β-sheet is antiparallel, running from G25 to C27, and from C32 to C34. The β strands are connected by a type I β turn. The peptide at the N-terminal acts as the third strand of the β -sheet, despite there not being any hydrogen bonding binding it to the β sheets.

Target and mode of action 
BmKTX blocks voltage gated 1.3 potassium channels (KV1.3) with an IC50 of 0.2 ± 0.01 nM. This channel is essential in cell proliferation and apoptosis. The toxins homologous to BmKTX classically have two ways of binding to voltage gated potassium channels. The first is the involvement of the antiparallel β -sheets that recognize the potassium channels. The second method involves the α -helical domain that recognizes the potassium channels. The common factor in these homologous toxins is that the conserved Lys26 is the residue that physically blocks the pore from the extracellular side of the potassium channels. BmKTX has the special property that it has an Asp33 that gets repelled by the four Asp402 of the potassium channel. This causes the toxin to rotate, moving the Lys26 out of the plane of the potassium channel pore. Because of the synergy effect of the Asp33 and Asp19 of the toxin, Arg23 gets aligned to physically block the pore. This substitution of Arg23 instead of Lys26 can be defined as a third non-classical method of channel blocking, as Arg23 is located between the α helix and the anti-parallel -sheets.

Toxicity 
LD50 of BMTX in mice is 95.1 ng.

References 

Ion channel toxins
Scorpion toxins
The Rödelheim Hartreim Projekt ("Rödelheim Hard-Rhyme Project"), for short RHP, was a mid-1990s German rap group from Rödelheim, a part of Frankfurt. The group comprised two members, Moses P. (Moses Pelham) and Thomas H. (Thomas Hofmann). They were among the first groups to garner commercial success by rapping in German, while stylistically leaning more towards American gangsta rap.

Band history 
Moses Pelham had already had moderate success as a teenager with his first English language single Twilight Zone in 1989, before hitting a brick wall in his attempts to market his self-produced second album. In 1993 he teamed up with his old friend Thomas Hofmann, whom he had met on a basketball court, to form the Rödelheim Hartreim Projekt. They recorded their album that year with producers Martin Haas, who had worked on Moses's unreleased second album, and Robert Sattler and supported by future stars Xavier Naidoo and Sabrina Setlur. The album, entitled Direkt aus Rödelheim ("Straight out of Rödelheim", an allusion to N.W.A's Straight Outta Compton), surprisingly sold an impressive 160,000 copies in 1994. In 1995, when Schwester S. (a.k.a. Sabrina Setlur) released her debut album, RHP collaborated with her on the single Ja Klar ("Yeah, right") which entered the Top 10 of the German Media Control charts.

In 1996 the group released their second and last album, Zurück nach Rödelheim ("Back to Rödelheim"), which entered the charts at 3rd position and sold 180,000 copies. The first single extracted from the album, Höha, Schnella, Weita ("Higha, Fasta, Furtha") received a lot of airplay and was also fairly successful. It was this year that Moses split with the group's former label, Universal Music, for his own new label, Pelham Power Productions (3p). From around then on, RHP factually ceased to exist, while Moses Pelham now concentrated on marketing his label's artists and on his own solo career.

Discography 
 Direkt aus Rödelheim (1994)
 Live aus Rödelheim (1995)
 Zurück nach Rödelheim (1996)

References

External links 
The 3p label page (German)

German hip hop groups
Musical groups from Frankfurt
Starry is a lemon-lime soft drink distributed in the United States by PepsiCo. Distribution first began in January 2023. The brand is aimed at competing against Coca-Cola's Sprite and Dr Pepper's 7 Up. Starry replaced Sierra Mist as Pepsi's lemon-lime flavored drink, in part because Sierra Mist failed to gain market share in the growing category. Starry contains no caffeine, and as of April 2023 is available in Regular and Zero-Sugar varieties.

History 
In July 2022, it was reported that PepsiCo purchased a domain name for a new brand of lemon-lime drink that would eventually replace Sierra Mist. The following month, in August 2022, the company filed for a trademark for the brand name Starry as well as for a logo.

The brand began being distributed in stores in January 2023 with marketing geared towards Generation Z. Bloomberg Businessweek reported industry analysts suggested a successful campaign to grab market share could mean taking 5–10% market share away from Sprite.

Product 
Starry is sold in cans in either 7.5 ounce or 12 ounce sizes, and in plastic bottles ranging in size from 16 ounces to two liters. Since its inception, Starry has been composed of carbonated water, high-fructose corn syrup, citric acid, natural flavor, and various preservatives. Starry uses high-fructose corn syrup as a sweetener, unlike Sierra Mist, which was sweetened using cane sugar before it was discontinued.

Reception 
Reception to the drink on social media suggests many feel that Starry tastes similar to its predecessor Sierra Mist, while others feel it tastes akin to Sprite, the longtime leader of the lemon-lime soft drink market. Starry has been described as being more "Citrusey" than Sierra Mist.

References 

Lemon-lime sodas
PepsiCo brands
PepsiCo soft drinks
Products introduced in 2023
Brevard Family of Housing is a US not-for-profit housing authority founded in 2008, as an umbrella organization for the Cocoa Housing Authority, Melbourne Housing Authority, and the Brevard County Housing Authority. It creates and oversees rental housing intended to be permanent and affordable for county residents. It is headquartered in Brevard County, Florida. It is the quasi-independent agency responsible for public housing and subsidized housing in Brevard County, Florida.

Organization
There are three separate boards for each of the housing authorities plus a board of directors for the Family of Housing. In 2010, the Cocoa Housing Authority was intending to separate and operate independently of the Family.

There are 596 units in north, central and south county under the direction of the Brevard Housing Authority. There were 150 units operated by the Melbourne Housing Authority. 356 properties were operated by the Cocoa Housing Authority. 4,500 residents total were living in these Family-managed units. The annual operating budget was about $20 million, mostly from federal funding.

The Cocoa controls 149 federal section 8 rental vouchers. Its operating budget is $3.2 million.

Key people include:
Chief Executive Officer - Mike Bean.

History
In 2006, financing created by the organization was featured in a case study at a regional symposium in Atlanta.

Until 2009, there were three separate local entities for public housing and Section 8 housing in the county. The Brevard Family of Housing was established as an umbrella organization to create an effective, community-service–oriented, public housing agency with innovative ideas and a different attitude. The primary goal was to provide safe, clean, affordable housing for eligible low and moderate income families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. The secondary goal was to provide effective social services, work with residents to improve their quality of life, encourage employment and self-sufficiency, and help residents move out of assisted housing.

In 2007, the city of Melbourne voted "no confidence" in the Housing Authority as then constituted for failing to deal with local issues of public housing.

In 2009, the prior Executive Officer was allowed to resign when authorities discovered that he had comingled US federal funds designed for Section 8 housing with local funds and used federal money for local expenditures.

In 2010, a federal court convicted a former employee for accepting a bribe to influence contract selection. An employee of the contracting company was also convicted of bribery and sentenced to jail.

The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development took control of the Cocoa Housing Authority in 2013 when it defaulted on a contract with the federal government.

See also
Jacksonville Housing Authority

References

External links
Brevard Family of Housing website

Organizations based in Brevard County, Florida
Non-profit organizations based in Florida
2008 establishments in Florida
Affordable housing
Public housing in the United States
Special districts of Florida
Housing in Florida
The Perfect Husband: The Laci Peterson Story is a 2004 American made-for-television crime film based on the murder of Laci Peterson starring Dean Cain, Sarah Brown, Tracy Middendorf and Tom O'Brien.

Plot
The film is told through the perspectives of Scott and Laci Peterson's friends & family, who trusted and supported Scott until they could not believe him any more.

Laci Peterson was a pregnant mother-to-be. On Christmas Eve, 2002, she disappeared. Her husband Scott Peterson (Dean Cain), and her family go out to search for Laci, but there are no signs of her anywhere. Months go by, but the media and the public begin to suspect that Scott murdered his wife. The Rocha family support and defend Scott, until Scott's mistress Amber Frey (Tracy Middendorf) comes forward at a press conference and admits to an affair with Scott, and photographic proof confirming their relationship surfaces. The Rochas start to doubt Scott's innocence, especially Laci's mother, Sharon (Dee Wallace), who had always believed Scott to be the perfect husband. Finally, the Rocha family publicly announce that they no longer support Scott.

In April, 2003, the body of Laci and Scott's unborn son washed up on shore: the remains of a torso later identified as Laci washed up a few miles away from the baby's remains, and the two were officially declared murdered. Scott was arrested.

Cast
Dean Cain as Scott Peterson
Sarah Joy Brown as Kate Vignatti
David Denman as Tommy Vignatti 
Dee Wallace as Sharon Rocha
G. W. Bailey as Detective Gates 
Tracy Lynn Middendorf as Amber Frey
Paul Vincent O'Connor as Dennis Rocha
Peter Jason as Ron Grantski
Tom O'Brien as Detective Ross 
Tim Quill as Brent Rocha
Cindy Hogan as Kim Peterson
Palmer Davis as Angela Panati
Heidi Marnhout as Donna Taylor
Louise Gallagher as Jackie Peterson  
Joe Howard as Lee Peterson
Tina Molina as Amy Rocha
Dan Cashman as Mr. Whitman     
Jackson Jarvis as Sammy Vignatti 
Roark Critchlow as Todd Dewey
Erin McKinley as Babysitter
Meredith Leiber as Laci Peterson (uncredited)

DVD
The film was released on Region 1 DVD on June 8, 2004 through Sony Pictures and is rated PG-13. Widescreen format, with subtitles in English, Spanish, French and Thai.

References

External links
 

2004 television films
2004 films
Adultery in films
Biographical films about criminals
Crime films based on actual events
Films directed by Roger Young
USA Network original films
Joe Fratesi is the former mayor and former chief administrative officer of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Serving as Sault Ste. Marie's mayor from 1986 to 1996, he was the longest-serving mayor in Sault Ste. Marie's history, breaking the record that W. John McMeeken had held since 1945.

On January 29, 1990, during his term as mayor, the city council approved a resolution making English the sole working language of city government. The council's decision, which Fratesi had strongly supported, caused controversy within the town and across Canada. The resolution was widely seen as retaliation for Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa's move to override the Supreme Court of Canada ruling that declared parts of Bill 101 unconstitutional. Bill 101 had declared French as the only official language of Quebec. Many prominent politicians, such as Premiers David Peterson and Bob Rae, and Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, refused to meet with Fratesi on unrelated matters due to his stance. However, Fratesi was re-elected by a landslide in 1991. The resolution was struck down by a court ruling in 1994, one year after Premier Bourassa passed Bill 86 which amended that province's language laws in accordance with the Supreme Court ruling.

Fratesi was involved in a conflict of interest controversy in 1995 when he applied for and got the post of chief administrative officer while still sitting as mayor. The Ontario Superior Court banned Fratesi from running for municipal officer for six years following a finding he had been in conflict of interest by applying for the chief administrative position while still holding the mayoral office. After stepping down as mayor, he was briefly replaced by Michael Sanzosti before former MP Steve Butland was elected in a special 1996 byelection. He retired as chief administrative officer in 2015.

References

Canadian people of Italian descent
Mayors of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Canadian city managers and chief administrative officers
Minax may refer to:

 Minax, a brand name of the cardiovascular drug metoprolol
 Minax (Ultima), the Ultima game character

Species names 
 Austracantha minax, an Australian spider
 Bulbophyllum minax, a type of orchid
 Dracula minax, a type of orchid
 Galeandra minax, a type of orchid
Michael Cudahy (December 7, 1841 – November 27, 1910) was an American industrialist who, along with two brothers, established the Cudahy Packing Company in 1890.

Early life
Cudahy was born in Callan, County Kilkenny in 1841 to Patrick and Elizabeth (née Shaw) Cudahy. The family emigrated to the United States in 1849, and eventually settled in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Career
Cudahy dropped out of school at age 14 and found a job working at Layton and Plankinton, Milwaukee, an area meat packing plant. He worked his way up the ranks and eventually became a private meat inspector. By 1869, Cudahy was a manager in charge of the packing house at Plankinton, Armour and Company, which had been established in Milwaukee in 1852. In 1873, he was made partner in Armour and Company.

With the help of his brothers Edward and Patrick, he established the Cudahy Packing Company in South Omaha, Nebraska in 1890.

Real estate
By the late 19th century, Cudahy had become a wealthy man living a comfortable life.  He took an interest in Mackinac Island, Michigan as a summer home. He also owned a home in Hubbard's Annex on the island in the late 19th century, which he later sold to his brother Edward. He then went to California in 1897 and traded in real estate to expand his fortune.  He returned to Mackinac Island in 1904 and bought , making him one of the largest landowners on Mackinac Island. In 1908, Cudahy sold his share of the Cudahy Meatpacking Company and acquired a 2,800 acre (11 km²) Rancho San Antonio east of Los Angeles, California.  He subdivided the ranch and sold it as one acre (4,000 m²) lots. This area was incorporated in 1960 as the City of Cudahy.

Cudahy handpicked renowned architect Frederick Wainwright Perkins to fulfill his visions of a West Bluff mansion. Perkins also designed the Governors Mansion on the island. In 1904, construction was completed on his mansion which he named Stonecliffe which was the largest private home on Mackinac Island. It went through a number of owners after Cudahy's death in 1910.  In 1970, Stonecliffe was purchased by an entrepreneur named George Staffan who converted the mansion and associated buildings into a first class resort hotel called The Inn at Stonecliffe in which capacity it continues to function to this day.

Personal life

In 1866, Cudahy married Catharine Sullivan. The couple had seven children, four boys and three girls.

Death
On November 27, 1910, Cudahy died of double pneumonia at a Chicago hospital. He is buried in Calvary Cemetery in Evanston, Illinois.

See also
 History of Omaha

References

External links

1841 births
1910 deaths
19th-century Irish businesspeople
19th-century American businesspeople
American industrialists
Cudahy family
Deaths from pneumonia in Illinois
People from Callan, County Kilkenny
People from Los Angeles County, California
Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
Irish emigrants to the United States
Catholics from California
Catholics from Nebraska
Businesspeople from County Kilkenny
Mbekweni is a township situated between Wellington and Paarl in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2011 it had a population of 30,875 residents in 8,339 households. Paarl, Mbekweni and Wellington form a continuous urban area within the Drakenstein Municipality.

References

Populated places in the Drakenstein Local Municipality
Townships in the Western Cape
Karin van der Haar-Kramp (born 9 May 1977) is a Dutch female Paralympic sitting volleyball player. She is part of the Netherlands women's national sitting volleyball team.

She competed at the  2008 Summer Paralympics finishing third, and 2012 Summer Paralympics  finishing 4th, after losing from Ukraine in the bronze medal match.

On club level she played for Sudosa/SC Bartje in 2012.

See also
 Netherlands at the 2012 Summer Paralympics

References

External links
 Athlete Bio

1977 births
Living people
Dutch amputees
Dutch sitting volleyball players
Dutch sportswomen
Medalists at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic volleyball players for the Netherlands
Volleyball players at the 2004 Summer Paralympics
Volleyball players at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Volleyball players at the 2012 Summer Paralympics
Women's sitting volleyball players
Paralympic medalists in volleyball
Paralympic bronze medalists for the Netherlands
20th-century Dutch women
21st-century Dutch women
The 2009 IAAF World Athletics Tour was the fourth and final edition of the annual global circuit of one-day track and field competitions organized by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). The series featured 25 one-day meetings, consisting of the six meetings of the 2009 IAAF Golden League, five IAAF Super Grand Prix meetings, and fourteen IAAF Grand Prix meetings. In addition, there were 29 Area Permit Meetings that carried point-scoring events. The series culminated in the two-day 2009 IAAF World Athletics Final, held in Thessaloniki, Greece from 12–13 September.

Russian pole vaulter Yelena Isinbayeva scored the most points during the circuit, with a total of 106. Five other athletes achieved a total of 100 points: distance runner Kenenisa Bekele, hurdler Dayron Robles, sprinters Kerron Stewart and Sanya Richards, and high jumper Blanka Vlašić.

Schedule

Points standings
Athletes earned points at meetings during the series. The following athletes were the top performers for their event prior to the World Athletics Final.

References

External links
Official 2009 World Athletics Final website

2009
World Athletics Tour
Kimmo Hannu Tapio Hakola (born 27 July 1958) is a Finnish composer. Born in Jyväskylä, he studied composition with Einojuhani Rautavaara and Magnus Lindberg at Sibelius Academy. He first came to prominence with his First String Quartet, which won the Unesco Composers' Rostrum in 1987.

Among his best-known works are his Clarinet Concerto, Piano Concerto (1996), Violin Concerto (2012) and Guitar Concerto. Apart from concertos he has written several orchestral works, chamber music and solo pieces for different instruments. He has also composed operas including the cartoon opera Mastersingers of Mars (2000), the family opera Mara and Katti (2011) and the monologue opera Akseli (2012). His opera La Fenice was performed at the Savonlinna Opera Festival in 2012. His Concerto “Fidl”, Op.99, was the test piece for the finalists of the 2019 Queen Elisabeth Competition for Violin and was written specially for that occasion.

References

External links
 Allan Kozinn on Kimmo Hakola
 Kimmo Korhonen on Kimmo Hakola

1958 births
Living people
Finnish composers
Finnish male composers
International Rostrum of Composers prize-winners
People from Jyväskylä
Sibelius Academy alumni
Finnish opera composers
Male opera composers
Formless/Functional is a 1998 album by Minneapolis alternative rock band Polara, their third full-length album and their last for Interscope Records.

Despite a generally warm reception by critics, the album received little support from its record label. Corporate mergers involving Interscope soon led the label to drop many bands, including Polara.

Reception
Trouser Press writer Ira Robbins described the album as "frisky electro-dance" that moved Polara's sound "into the rhythmatic post-guitar realm of synthesizers, loops and samples," and noted that Jurgens' contributions to the band were especially prominent. Although he felt that "the album goes on a bit too long," Robbins called it "stylish and sophisticated" and said that songwriter and producer Ed Ackerson's "creativity is no less colorful or effective in this realm." Jason Anderson of Allmusic wrote that Ackerson's "ability to completely ignore stylistic boundaries is admirable," but felt that the album did not have a cohesive theme and "sounds thrown together and random." 
A reviewer for the online magazine babysue praised the album's mix of introspective pop and electronic production, calling it "completely cool" and "absolutely beautiful."

Personnel
 Ed Ackerson: Vocals, guitar, bass, organ, piano, synthesizer, samples, sequences, programming
 Jennifer Jurgens: Vocals, guitar, organs, synthesizer
 Peter Anderson: Drums, percussion
 Engineered by Ed Ackerson (Flowers Studio) and Jason Orris (Terrarium Studio)
 Mastered by Stephen Marcussen
 Design by Ron Clark

Track listing

References

1998 albums
Polara (band) albums
Bülent Tezcan (born 18 May 1965) is a Turkish lawyer and politician from the Republican People's Party (CHP) who has served as the Member of Parliament for Aydın since June 2011.

In 34th Ordinary Convention of the CHP, Bülent Tezcan was elected to the Party Council and appointed as the vice-chairman responsible for legal and electoral affairs in July 2012.

References

External links
 MP profile on the Grand National Assembly website

Contemporary Republican People's Party (Turkey) politicians
Deputies of Aydın
Members of the 24th Parliament of Turkey
Members of the 25th Parliament of Turkey
Members of the 26th Parliament of Turkey
Living people
20th-century Turkish lawyers
People from Samsun
1965 births
Ankara University Faculty of Law alumni
21st-century Turkish lawyers
Members of the 27th Parliament of Turkey
Members of the 28th Parliament of Turkey
This is a list of Estonian television related events from 2012.

Events
3 March - Eesti otsib superstaari season 3 winner Ott Lepland is selected to represent Estonia at the 2012 Eurovision Song Contest with his song "Kuula". He is selected to be the eighteenth Estonian Eurovision entry during Eesti Laul held at the Nokia Concert Hall in Tallinn.
23 December - Rasmus Rändvee wins the fifth season of Eesti otsib superstaari.

Debuts

Television shows

1990s
Õnne 13 (1993–present)

2000s
Eesti otsib superstaari (2007–present)

Ending this year

Births

Deaths

See also
2012 in Estonia