田螺科

image = Viviparus contectus met operculum2.JPG

image_caption = An alive but retracted individual of , showing the 螺厴

taxon = Viviparidae

authority = J. E. Gray, 1847

synonyms_ref =

synonyms =

diversity_link = Diversity of gastropods

diversity_ref =

diversity = 125–150 freshwater species

display_parents = 3

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田螺泛指田螺科（學名：Viviparidae）的淡水腹足綱軟體動物。平均只有拇指頭大小，有角質口蓋（螺厴），殼口相對比較大。螺螄是田螺科動物的通稱。很多淡水魚類喜歡吃田螺。田螺體內很容易生長寄生蟲。

根據在 2005 年的《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，田螺科屬主扭舌目的成員。

分佈

This family occurs nearly worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, with the exception that they are absent from 南美洲.

There are two genera of Viviparidae in Africa: Bellamya and .

分類

舊屬前鰓亞綱的中腹足目，田螺科目前是主扭舌類的成員，約有 17 屬百餘種。根據 2005 年的《布歇特和洛克羅伊的腹足類分類》，田螺科物種大致可分為三個亞科：

田螺亞科 Viviparinae - synonyms: Paludinidae Fitzinger, 1833 (inv.); Kosoviinae Atanackovic, 1859 (n.a.)
環稜螺亞科 Bellamyinae - synonym: Amuropaludinidae Starobogatov, Prozorova, Bogatov & Sayenko, 2004 (n.a.)
平圓螺亞科 Lioplacinae - synonym: Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929

2.1 屬

田螺科包括下列各屬：

2.2 田螺亞科 Viviparinae
Galizgia Mikhaylovskiy, 1903
† Atanacković, 1959
河螺屬 Rivularia Heude, 1890
Trochopaludina Starobogatov, 1985
Haldeman, 1840
田螺屬 Viviparus , 1810：模式屬，目前只餘下六個現生種。異名有：Vivipara（詞性錯誤，不採用）、Contectiana Bourguignat, 1880、Hazayipaludina Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987、Kobeltipaludina Chernogorenko & Starobogatov, 1987、Paludina Férussac, 1812

2.3 環稜螺亞科 Bellamyinae
Moskvicheva, 1979
角螺屬 Angulyagra Rao, 1931
環螺螄屬 Anularya ：只見於中國雲南，其物種舊屬螺螄屬
Anulotaia
環稜螺屬 Bellamya ：亞科的模式屬；
Thach, 2018
Genus Chlorostracia
圓田螺屬 Cipangopaludina
P. Fischer, 1885
Habe, 1964
Heterogen Annandale, 1921：就只有一個物種，就是 (E. A. Smith, 1886)；
Idiopoma , 1901
A. Adams, 1851
螺螄屬 Margarya ：只見於中國雲南，和圓田螺屬關係較近。
湄公螺屬 Mekongia Crosse & P. Fischer, 1876
Neclarina Iredale, 1943
Neothauma E. A. Smith, 1880
Cotton, 1935
石田螺屬 Sinotaia ：和石田螺屬關係較近。
Annandale, 1918
璽螺螄屬 璽螺螄屬 He, 2013：只見於中國雲南，有兩個物種，均舊屬螺螄屬。
† Temnotaia Annandale, 1919
Torotaia F. Haas, 1939
擬小螺屬 Trochotaia Brandt, 1974
Genus Centrapala Cotton, 1935 accepted as Larina A. Adams, 1855
Genus Dactylochlamys Rao, 1925 accepted as Angulyagra Rao, 1931 (invalid: junior homonym of Dactylochlamys Lauterborn, 1901; Angulyagra is a replacement name)
Genus Eularina Iredale, 1943 accepted as Larina A. Adams, 1855 (unnecessary replacement name for Larina, by Iredale treated as a junior homonym of Larinus Germar, 1824)
Genus Lecythoconcha Annandale, 1920 accepted as Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912
Genus Notopalena Iredale, 1943 accepted as Notopala Cotton, 1935
Genus Robinsonia G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1869 accepted as Neclarina Iredale, 1943 (Invalid: junior homonym of Robinsonia Grote, 1865 Lepidoptera; Neclarina is a replacement name)
Genus Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968 accepted as Filopaludina (Siamopaludina) Brandt, 1968 represented as Filopaludina Habe, 1964
Genus Ussuripaludina Zatravkin & Bogatov, 1987 accepted as Cipangopaludina (Ussuripaludina) Zatravkin & Bogatov, 1987 accepted as Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912

2.4 平圓螺亞科 Lioplacinae

異名有 Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929
Rafinesque, 1819
Troschel, 1856：異名有 Haldemania Tryon, 1862（次異名）

2.5 亞科地位未定 Subfamily unassigned Viviparidae (temporary name)

Life cycle

Life spans have been reported from 3 to 11 years in various species of Viviparidae.