Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Alvan Leroy Barach (1895–1977) was an American physician who made important contributions to pulmonary rehabilitation and oxygen therapy. He converted the oxygen tent into a closed system and he was among the early proponents of exercise and supplemental oxygen administration for patients with lung problems.

Biography
Barach was born in New Castle, Pennsylvania. He graduated from City College of New York and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, then moved to Harvard Medical School, studying respiratory physiology.

After his postgraduate training, Barach was on the faculty of the College of Physicians and Surgeons and he was widely published, particularly on topics involving oxygen. In 1934, he published a study indicating that noble gases were not essential to sustain life. Barach wrote that he had been able to keep laboratory mice alive in an environment composed purely of 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen; noble gases had been carefully excluded. The findings conflicted with those of J. Willard Hershey, who said that in his experiments, laboratory rats had died under those conditions.

The oxygen tent had been introduced in the 1920s, and Barach turned the device into a closed system by adding ice chunks for cooling and soda lime for the absorption of the patient's exhaled carbon dioxide. He also introduced portable oxygen systems for emphysema patients and authored the first modern report of supplemental oxygen use for patients hospitalized with pneumonia. In 1950, Barach was one of three contributors to the first set of minimum standards for training programs in inhalation therapy (later known as respiratory therapy).

Late in his career, Barach suggested that smoking was not dangerous if the smoker did not inhale. In a 1964 meeting before the New York State Medical Society, he urged the creation of clinics that could teach smokers a technique for enjoying cigarettes without inhaling the smoke. That same year, physician Walter C. Alvarez described several of Barach's interventions for emphysema patients. Barach recommended progressively increasing periods of exercise while using a nasal cannula. He also advocated the placement of particular amounts of buckshot on a patient's abdomen to strengthen the breathing, and he recommended an "emphysema belt" that pushed on the abdomen to facilitate breathing.

Though Barach was a full-time pulmonary specialist, he practiced psychoanalysis in his spare time and claimed to have analyzed a number of notable individuals, including Dorothy Parker and Cissy Patterson.

Barach died at a New York hospital on December 13, 1977.

References

External links
Google Scholar search for A. L. Barach

1895 births
1977 deaths
American pulmonologists
Columbia University faculty
San Frediano ("Saint Fridianus") is the name of an early Christian Irish pilgrim, who became bishop of Lucca, Tuscany, Italy. Named after him are:

Basilica di San Frediano, Lucca
Church of San Frediano, Pisa
Church of San Frediano in Cestello, in Florence
Porta San Frediano, Florence, gate in the Southeastern sector of the former walls around the city of Florence
San Frediano a Settimo, a village in the province of Pisa
Sanvitalia abertii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Abert's creeping zinnia and Abert's sanvitalia. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in desert scrub, desert mountains and woodlands. It is an annual herb somewhat variable in appearance. The mainly erect stem may be 2 to 29 centimeters tall, and simple or with many branches. The linear or lance-shaped leaves are a few centimeters long. The plant is coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a cyme of flower heads with thick, leathery yellow ray florets 2 or 3 millimeters long and notched at the tips. The fruit is an achene. Achenes arising from the ray florets are light-colored and tipped with pappi, while those from the disc florets at the center of the flower head are darker and lack pappi.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
USDA Plants Profile
Flora of North America
Photo gallery

Heliantheae
Viseu Dão-Lafões is a Portuguese subregion located in the north of the Central Region. In 2021, the subregion recorded 252,984 inhabitants and a population density of 78 inhabitants per km2. The subregion has an area of 3,238 km2, which can be divided into 14 municipalities and 156 parishes. The capital of the subregion is the city of Viseu, which is the largest city in the subregion and the third largest city in the Central Region, with 99,561 inhabitants in the entire municipality and 59,469 inhabitants in the urban area. It borders the Porto metropolitan area to the northwest, the Tâmega e Sousa subregion to the north, the Douro subregion to the northeast, the Beiras e Serra da Estrela subregion to the east, the Região de Coimbra subregion to the south and the Região de Aveiro subregion to the west.

Municipalities 
The subregion consists of the following 14 municipalities:

 Aguiar da Beira
 Carregal do Sal
 Castro Daire
 Mangualde
 Nelas
 Oliveira de Frades
 Penalva do Castelo
 Santa Comba Dão
 São Pedro do Sul
 Sátão
 Tondela
 Vila Nova de Paiva
 Viseu
 Vouzela

Demographics

Inhabitants 
The 2021 census shows that in the subregion the population has decreased to 252,796, compared to the year 2011, where the population was 267,728 and in 2001, where the population was 275,934. Castro Daire and Viseu are the only ones of the 14 municipalities that registered an increase, while the other 12 municipalities registered a decrease.

References

Former NUTS 3 statistical regions of Portugal
The Edmonton Remand Centre (ERC) is a correctional facility in Goodridge Corners, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The facility is operated by the Ministry of Justice and Solicitor General of Alberta. The original correctional facility originally opened in 1979, after overcrowding and additional bed space required a second facility was proposed and completed in 2012. The new facility named the New Edmonton Remand Centre (NERC) opened on April 12, 2013, and is currently Canada's largest prison.

History

Original facility
The original 12-storey Edmonton Remand Centre was built in 1979. The facility was located in downtown Edmonton and cost $138.0 million in 1979. The original set capacity was 388; however, the facility population grew to 800 in early 2012. The original facility closed in April 2013.

New facility
Proposals to build a new facility originated in the early 2000s after overcrowding in the original facility. In 2007 construction began on the new  Edmonton Remand Centre with a cost of $580.0 million. The newer facility was completed in fall of 2012, with the new prison operating in spring 2013. The newer facility features a 2,000-inmate capacity and new security technologies. The new facility structure aimed at targeting Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) silver certifications. The New Remand Centre is the largest in Canada by area and capacity, but is not the largest by number of inmates currently serving time.

See also
Edmonton Institution, a federal maximum security prison also in Edmonton.

References

External links
 Government of Alberta - Edmonton Remand Centre

Prisons in Alberta
Buildings and structures in Edmonton
Hou Cheng () ( 198–199) was a military officer serving under the warlord Lü Bu during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

In historical records
In 198, during the Battle of Xiapi, fought between the warlords Lü Bu and Cao Cao (with support from Liu Bei), Cao's forces besieged Lü Bu in Xiapi (下邳; present-day Pizhou, Jiangsu) and directed the waters of the Yi (沂) and Si rivers to flood the city. After three months, the morale of Lü Bu's army fell drastically and his men gradually alienated him.

Around this time, Hou Cheng sent a trader to purchase 15 horses, but the man escaped with the horses and headed towards Xiaopei (小沛; present-day Pei County, Jiangsu) with the intention of defecting to Liu Bei. Hou Cheng personally pursued the trader and retrieved all the horses. Lü Bu's officers then threw a feast to celebrate Hou Cheng's achievement. Hou Cheng prepared 5-6 hu (斛) of wine and about ten roasted hogs, and he presented half a hog and five dou (斗) of wine to Lü Bu before the feast started. He knelt down and said, "With your grace, I managed to retrieve the stolen horses. The others came to congratulate me, so I prepared some wine and hogs for a feast. I don't dare to start first, so now I present the food and wine to you." Lü Bu was furious and he said, "I banned alcohol, but you and the others dare to throw a party! Are you plotting with them to kill me?" Hou Cheng was shocked and he immediately left. He also discarded the wine he prepared and returned the gifts he received from the other officers. On 7 February 199, Hou Cheng, along with his colleagues Song Xian (宋憲) and Wei Xu (魏續), captured Lü Bu's strategist Chen Gong and general Gao Shun, and led their troops to surrender to Cao Cao.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
This incident was dramatised in Chapter 19 of the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. When Hou Cheng presented wine to Lü Bu, the latter was angry because Hou defied his ban on alcohol. Lü Bu ordered Hou Cheng to be executed, but Song Xian (宋憲) and Wei Xu (魏續) pleaded with their lord to spare Hou Cheng. Lü Bu then had Hou Cheng flogged 50 times before releasing him. Hou Cheng later plotted with Song Xian and Wei Xu to betray Lü Bu, so he stole Lü Bu's horse, the Red Hare, escaped from Xiapi, and went to Cao Cao's camp, where he told Cao Cao about their plot. With the aid of Song Xian and Wei Xu, Cao Cao's forces broke into Xiapi and captured Lü Bu.

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

Notes

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
 Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu).
 Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi).
 Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).

Military officers under Lü Bu
2nd-century births
Year of death unknown
Gino Rossi may refer to:

 Gino Rossi (bobsledder), Italian bobsledder in the 1920s and '30s
 Gino Rossi (boxer) (1908-1987), Italian boxer, 1932 Olympic silver medalist
 Gino Rossi (painter) (1884-1947), Italian painter
Samantha Pankey (born August 6, 1983) is an American rugby union player. She made her debut for the  at the 2011 Nations Cup. She was named in the Eagles 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup squad.

Early career 
Pankey attended Buckingham County High School and played basketball, softball and volleyball. She went to East Carolina University where she did a double major in English/Creative writing and Communication/Journalism. She began her rugby career in 2009 after a friend introduced her to the sport.

She currently plays for the San Diego Surfers and previously played for the James River R.F.C, the Washington Furies and the Scion Sirens.

References

External links 
 USA Rugby Profile

1983 births
Living people
United States women's international rugby union players
American female rugby union players
Female rugby union players
21st-century American women
Robert Keller  (24 September 1854 – 8 July 1939) was a Swiss botanist from Oberembrach, a village near Winterthur.

In 1877 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Jena, subsequently working as a teacher in the education sector of Winterthur; initially at the Mädchenschule, then from 1880 at the gymnasium and afterwards at its industrial school. From 1891 to 1916, he was rector of municipal schools. In Winterthur, he strove for various educational reforms, and was curator of the city's natural science collections.

As a botanist, his primary research dealt with plant systematics and floristics. The species, Schizachyrium kelleri is one of the plants that bears his name; its botanical authors being Eduard Hackel (1850–1926) and Otto Stapf (1857–1933).

Selected publications 
 Flora von Winterthur 1891-1896 – Flora of Winterthur.
 Flora der Schweiz  (four editions, with Hans Schinz 1858–1941); 1900-1923 – Flora of Switzerland.
 Übersicht über die Schweiz. Rubi 1919 – treatise on blackberries of Switzerland.
 Synopsis rosarum spontanearum Europae mediae 1931 – treatise on wild roses.

References 

1854 births
1939 deaths
University of Jena alumni
19th-century Swiss botanists
Swiss schoolteachers
People from Winterthur
20th-century Swiss botanists
Pandorea pandorana subsp. austrocaledonica is a woody climbing vine in the family Bignoniaceae. Commonly known as the boat vine, this plant is native to the regions of Lord Howe Island, Vanuatu and New Caledonia.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pandorea pandorana subsp. austrocaledonica |work=PlantNET - NSW Flora Online |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=in&name=Pandorea~pandorana+subsp.~austrocaledonica |accessdate=2010-09-05}}</ref> A common plant, it is found at altitudes ranging from sea level to over 500 metres above sea level.

The compound leaves have 7 to 9 leaflets when mature. Leaflets are oval to lanceolate with scalloped or toothed edges. 2 to 3 cm long, 1.5 to 2 cm wide. Leaflets are practically stalkless, though the terminal leaflet'' has a noticeable leaf stem. White, vanilla scented flowers form from August to November. The fruit capsule is 4 to 5 cm long, in an oblong/elliptic shape. Inside are many flat, winged seeds.

This plant was cultivated as early as 1800 in England. Early reports state the seeds originally came from Norfolk Island. However, it is now considered that this plant is not indigenous to that island, and the seeds came from cultivated plants in Norfolk Island or Sydney.

References

pandorana subsp. austrocaledonica
Flora of Lord Howe Island
Flora of New Caledonia
Flora of Vanuatu
Garden plants
Plant subspecies
Oak View Mall is an enclosed shopping mall located at 3002 South 145th Street in West Omaha, Nebraska. There are 104 tenant spots on two floors of this regional mall, which was built in 1991. The mall receives more than 12,000,000 visitors annually, and features a "Kids Coliseum" play area. Oak View is attributed with sparking a development "boom" in its approximate neighborhood, which now includes several major retailers, restaurants, a three national hotel chains. The mall's anchor stores are Dillard's, JCPenney and The Rush Market. There is one vacant anchor that formerly housed a Sears.

History 
The mall opened in 1991. Official opening ceremonies held on October 3 of that year, and included an appearance by Vanna White. At the time, the  mall was the first enclosed mall to be built in Omaha in over 20 years. Melvin Simon & Associates (now known as Simon Property Group) developed the mall with local developer KVI Associates. After only one year, Simon sold the mall to Heitman Retail. Sears began negotiations to open at the mall in 1996.

In 2005 the mall was the location of an attempted mall shooting similar to what happened at Westroads Mall in Omaha in December 2007. A security guard supervisor was allegedly fired for disarming and apprehending a suspected mall shooter before Omaha police were called to the scene. In August 2007 the Firefighter's Combat Challenge was held at the mall and broadcast on ESPN.

Recent History 
Shoe Dept. Encore opened a store in the mall in 2013. In 2015-2016, Wet Seal, Eddie Bauer, Deb Shops, Aéropostale, and Hollister Co. closed stores at the mall. In 2016, Payless ShoeSource and Vanity (clothing) closed their stores at the mall as part of a nationwide bankruptcy liquidation. In 2018, both the Sears and Younkers stores closed at the mall. In 2019, a The Rush Market Furniture Store assumed the vacant Younkers space. Due to the Covid 19 pandemic the occupancy rate has declined to 79%, as of October 2020. The mall in April 2021 was sold for $7.5 million to the Kohan Retail Investment Group.

References

1992 establishments in Nebraska
Shopping malls established in 1991
Shopping malls in Omaha, Nebraska
 Kohan Retail Investment Group
Vigra is a former municipality in Møre og Romsdal county on the west coast of Norway. The  municipality existed from 1890 until its dissolution in 1964 when it was merged into the present-day Giske Municipality. The former municipality was made up of the island of Vigra along with many smaller islets surrounding it. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Roald, and Vigra Church was the main church for the municipality.

History
On 1 January 1890, the western islands in Haram Municipality were separated from Haram and established as Roald Municipality. The initial population was 794. In 1911, the name of the municipality was changed to Vigra. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the whole municipality of Vigra was merged into the neighboring Giske Municipality. Prior to the merger, the population of the municipality was 1,569.

Name
The municipality was originally named after the old Roald farm () which was likely the original name of the island as well (later the island became known as Vigra). The meaning of the name is unknown. In 1911, the municipality was renamed Vigra, after the main island in the municipality, Vigra (), since the first Vigra Church was built there. The name is derived from the word  which means "spear". It is likely that a peninsula of the island was being compared to the shape of a spear blade.

Government
While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.

Municipal council
The municipal council  of Vigra was made up of 13 representatives that were elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:

Mayors
The mayors of Vigra:

 1890–1891: Johannes O. Rørvik (V)
 1892–1897: Hans Roald (MV)
 1898–1901: Johan O. Synnes (MV/H)
 1902–1919: Ole N. Blindheim 
 1920–1922: Johan Roald 
 1923–1928: Olav M. Synnes 
 1929–1931: Ole Jakob Blindheim (V)
 1932–1935: Olav M. Synnes 
 1935–1941: Andreas K. Roald
 1941-1945: Knut Gamlem (NS)
 1945-1948: Salamon H. Røsvik
 1948–1955: Oskar Stinessen (Ap)

See also
List of former municipalities of Norway

References

Giske
Former municipalities of Norway
1890 establishments in Norway
1964 disestablishments in Norway
Two submarines of the Chilean Navy have borne the name Thomson.

 a  launched as USS Springer in 1944, renamed on acquisition by Chile in 1961 and serving until 1972
 a Type 209 submarine launched in 1982

Chilean Navy ship names
The 1986–87 FC Bayern Munich season was the 87th season in the club's history and 22nd season since promotion from Regionalliga Süd in 1965. Bayern Munich won its ninth Bundesliga title. This title marked a third consecutive championship for the club. The club reached the third round of the DFB-Pokal and finished as runner-up of the European Cup.  The Bundesliga campaign ended with only one loss with no away losses.  This feat set two Bundesliga records that were not repeated until the 2012–13 season.  This season was the final season under manager Udo Lattek.

Results

Friendlies

Casio-Cup

Bundesliga

Results by round

League standings

DFB Pokal

European Cup

1st round

2nd round

Quarter-finals

Semi-finals

Final

Team statistics

Players

Squad, appearances and goals

|-
|colspan="12"|Players sold or loaned out after the start of the season:

|}

Bookings

Transfers

In

Out

Team kits

References

FC Bayern Munich seasons
Bayern Munich
German football championship-winning seasons
Suluca can refer to:

 Suluca, Keşan
 Suluca, Lapseki
 Suluca, Muş
 Suluca, Sarıçam
Vollebekk is a station on Grorud Line (line 5) of the Oslo Metro. It is located between the stations of Risløkka and Linderud and is  from Stortinget. The station is among the original ones on Grorudbanen, and opened on 10 October 1966. Peer Qvaam was the station's architect.

The local road Lunden passes under the station immediately north of the station. There is no major bus connection, although there is a bus stop on the Østre Aker Vei highway to the south. The railway station Alna is also nearby and there are plans to connect the two stations by means of a pedestrian and bicycle path in 2009.

References

External links

Oslo Metro stations in Oslo
Railway stations opened in 1966
1966 establishments in Norway
PS Isabella was a paddle steamer passenger vessel operated by the London and North Western Railway from 1877 to 1898.

History

She was built by Laird Brothers for the London and North Western Railway in 1877 and was the first of the company's ships to be built of steel, which was made in-house at Crewe Works. She may have been named after Isabella Aspinall (née Moon), a sister of the company's then chairman Richard Moon. She was launched on Thursday 11 October 1877 from the Laird Brothers yard in Birkenhead, by Mrs Bland, wife of James Bland, one of the directors of the railway company.

References

1877 ships
Passenger ships of the United Kingdom
Steamships
Ships built on the River Mersey
Ships of the London and North Western Railway
Paddle steamers of the United Kingdom
Thomas Edward James King (born 9 July 1981), known professionally as Jamie Thomas King, is an English actor, best known for playing poet Thomas Wyatt in the television series The Tudors.

Early life
King was born in London and is the son of American screenwriter Laura Lamson and English television director Christopher King. He was educated at Dulwich College, Fine Arts College and the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art.

Career
King began his acting career in the theatre in the Royal National Theatre's production of Alan Bennett's The History Boys. He has acted extensively in American and European film and television productions. He is best known for playing poet Thomas Wyatt in the television series The Tudors.

Filmography

Film

Television

References

External links

1981 births
21st-century English male actors
Alumni of the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art
English male film actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English people of American descent
People educated at Dulwich College
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Gorodets painting (Russian:Городецкая роспись) is a Russian handicraft and folk art painting technique. It is a so-called "naive art".

History 
This style of painting was popularized in the later half of the 19th century. It is different from Khokhloma folk painting but holds some common traits, they are both very colorful and bright. Gorodets painting sprang from carved Gorodets distaffs that were manufactured in villages nearby the town of Gorodets in the Nizhni Novgorod Region. Initially Gorodets craftsmen used the incrustation technique to ornament the distaffs, and by the mid 19th century saw the transition from incrustation to painting of Distaff.

Gorodets artists traditionally have painted genre scenes (including merrymaking, tea drinking, the famous Gorodets horse with a horseman, and folk festivities), decorative images of birds and animals (including roosters, horses, lions, and leopards), and flower patterns. Nowadays Gorodets craftsmen use similar imagery and motifs in their works. These are decorative panels, caskets, boxes, various sets of kitchen stuff, such as hardboards, bread bins, saltcellars, children furniture and toys, including the most popular the painted rocking horse.

The factory 'Gorodets Painting' has existed since 1965, and has an experimental laboratory where new motifs are devised, along with preserving the artistic tradition and style.

References

External links
Gorodets painting history

Russian handicrafts
Culture of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast