Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The Klondike Big Inch Land promotion was a  marketing promotion run by the Quaker Oats Company in 1955 and created by Bruce Baker, a Chicago advertising executive.

Inception 
Quaker Oats bought  of land in the Yukon Territory of Canada for the price of US$1000 and printed up 21 million deeds for  of land.  On advice of counsel, Quaker Oats set up and transferred the land to the Great Klondike Big Inch Land Company to make the company the registered owner and manager of the deeds.

Starting in January 1955, 93 newspapers across the United States ran advertisements that read "Get a real deed to one square inch of land in the Yukon gold rush country" and "You'll actually own one square inch of Yukon land". The promotion was tied to the Sergeant Preston of the Yukon television show which Quaker Oats was sponsoring at the time.

Scrooge McDuck comic book 
In 1956, there was an Uncle Scrooge McDuck comic book story inspired by the Big Inch Land promotion. When Scrooge visits his square inch of land in Texas, a prairie dog with engine oil on its feet leads Scrooge to believe there is oil under his land. Donald Duck and his kids buy cereal boxes around the country to obtain the neighboring square inches so Scrooge can drill for the oil that wasn't there.

Obtaining deeds 
The promotion instructed people to mail a form along with a box top from either Quaker Puffed Wheat, Quaker Puffed Rice or Muffets Shredded Wheat to the Quaker Oats company.  In turn, a  deed to one square inch of land in the Klondike was sent back.  In February 1955, Quaker Oats was blocked from trading the deed for a box top by the Ohio Securities Division until it received a state license for the "sale" of foreign land. To get around the injunction, the company stopped the trade-in offer and instead put one of the deeds in each box of cereal produced.

Since none of the deeds were actually registered, the documents were never legally binding and owners of these deeds were never actual owners of any land.  The deed excluded mineral rights on the property.

Afterwards 
Due to $37.20 in back taxes, the land was repossessed by the Canadian government in 1965, and the Great Klondike Big Inch Land Company dissolved in 1966.  The land is now part of the Dawson City Golf Course.

To this day, Yukon officials receive letters and phone calls about the deeds. The land office of the Yukon currently contains an  file folder of correspondence regarding the promotion.

See also
 Challenge of the Yukon, the radio show tied to the Klondike Big Inch Land promotion
 Dawson City, the city the land is situated on.
 Souvenir plot

References

External links
 Picture of the original advertisement in the Seattle Times on the Yukon Government Website

History of Yukon
Advertisements
1955 in the United States
1955 in Canada
Quaker Oats Company
1955 in Yukon
Phuket Rajabhat University (PKRU; , pronounced: raj-cha-pat-pu-get) is a university in Thailand.

External links
 (in English)
  (in Thai)

Universities and colleges established in 1971
Universities in Thailand
1971 establishments in Thailand
The Professional Footballers' Association Young Player of the Year (often called the PFA Young Player of the Year, or simply the Young Player of the Year) is an annual award given to the young player who is adjudged to have been the best of the season in English football.  As of 2021, players must have been aged 21 or under as of 1 July immediately preceding the start of the season; in the past the age limit has been 23, which led to criticism in the media over whether a player who was 24 years old at the end of the season could really be considered "young" in footballing terms. The award has been presented since the 1973–74 season and the winner is chosen by a vote amongst the members of the players' trade union, the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA). The first winner of the award was Ipswich Town defender Kevin Beattie. The current holder is Arsenal player Bukayo Saka, who won the award on 29 August 2023.

Although the award is open to players at all levels, all winners to date have played in the highest division of the English football league system. In 2018 Ryan Sessegnon of Fulham became the first player from outside the top division of English football to be nominated for the award.  As of 2023, only Ryan Giggs, Robbie Fowler, Wayne Rooney, Dele Alli and Phil Foden have won the award on more than one occasion. Only seven players from outside the United Kingdom have won the trophy, compared with fifteen winners of the main PFA Players' Player of the Year award.  Although they have their own dedicated award, players aged 21 or under at the start of the season remain eligible to win the Players' Player of the Year award, and on three occasions the same player has won both awards for a season.  

A shortlist of nominees is published in April and the winner of the award, along with the winners of the PFA's other annual awards, is announced at a gala event in London. The players themselves consider the award to be highly prestigious, because the winner is chosen by his fellow professionals.

Winners
The award has been presented on 50 occasions as of 2023, to 45 players. The table also indicates where the winning player also won one or more of the other major "player of the year" awards in English football, namely the PFA Players' Player of the Year award (PPY), the Football Writers' Association's Footballer of the Year award (FWA), the Premier League Player of the Season award (PPS), the Premier League Young Player of the Season award (PYPS), and the PFA Fans' Player of the Year award (FPY).

Breakdown of winners

By country

By club

References

External links
The official website of the Professional Footballers' Association

English football trophies and awards
Association football young player of the year awards
Awards established in 1974
Youth football in England
Rookie player awards
Sania Mirza and Elena Vesnina were the defending champions but were defeated in the quarterfinals by Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova and Lucie Šafářová.
The wildcard team then defeated Anabel Medina Garrigues and Yaroslava Shvedova in the final 5–7, 6–4, [10–6].

Seeds

Draw

Draw

External links
 Main draw

Family Circle Cup - Doubles
Charleston Open
The Next Tycoon is a reality television series that was made in 2009 and originated in Atlanta, Georgia, by W. Cliff Oxford. As a televised business plan competition, the show features entrepreneurs who present their business plans in front of national business leaders to show what makes their business plan better than all the rest. Four finalists will then face a panel of media and business experts and a live audience. There is a group of judges and an alternate group called the School of Hard Knocks, which judges each contestant. The show is hosted by W. Cliff Oxford and Minoo Hosseini, while the judges and the School of Hard Knocks alternate per episode.

The series' first winner was entrepreneur Lisa S. Jones, who presented EyeMail Inc.

Judges 
 Salmeh Fodor
 Benn Konsynski
 Laura Colin
 Lydia Mondavi

School of Hard Knocks 
 Gary Kenworthy
 BB Webb
 Larry Colin

References 

2000s American reality television series
Year of television series debut missing
Year of television series ending missing
CBS original programming
2009 American television series debuts
A briquet (Dutch: vuurijzer) is a Medieval silver coin, first introduced by Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy in 1474 (2nd Emission – Coinage Act of 27 October 1474). The last briquet was struck under Philip the Handsome (6th Emission – Coinage Act of 16 March 1492). The name briquet refers to the fire steel or flint which was chosen by Philip the Good as a personal emblem. The flint was such a favourite Burgundian symbol that it has been used on many coins struck by the successors of Philip the Good, and was used in the chain of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

A single briquet was introduced with a value of one stuiver, other issues were a double and half briquet.

References 

Medieval_currencies
Mirigama (also spelled Meerigama) (; ) is a town in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka. It is located  from Colombo,  from Kurunegala and  from Negombo.

Mirigama is the hometown of Sri Lanka's first Prime Minister, D. S. Senanayake and former speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka Karu Jayasuriya.

The Central Expressway (under construction as of June 2018) includes two interchanges serving Mirigama: Mirigama North and Mirigama South.

Etymology 
Mirigama is a derivation of mihiri-gama, meaning sweet place. According to local mythology, King Walagamba had heard his win against a local ruler when he was in the area, and named the village Mirigama, as that's where he heard the "sweet" news.

Geography 
The town is situated in a undulating plain with surrounding hills.

Notable places
SLAF Mirigama
The Mirigama Super Race Track (commonly known as the Kanway Autodrome) - national-level race track,  in length.
Sri Lanka Army Base, Ambepussa

Notable people
D.S. Senanayake, 1st Prime Minister of Ceylon
Karu Jayasuriya, MP, former Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka
Kokila Gunawardene, MP
Mahendra Wijerathne, MP
Udena Wijerathne, MPC
Dudley Senanayake, 2nd prime minister of Sri Lanka

References
Naga Ultimate Kuala Selangor Football Club  or simply Naga UKS is a Malaysian professional football club based in Kuala Selangor, Selangor. They currently play in the second division of Malaysian football, the Malaysia M3 League.

History
Ultimate Football Club was founded in 2014 in Klang Valley, and has first participated in several local football competitions.

In 2018, the club has won the AXA Klang Valley League after defeating Gombak FA 3–2, thus being eligible to compete in the Malaysia M3 League.

In 2019, the club competed in the Malaysia FA Cup for the first time.

Crest and colours

 first logo (2014–2022)

Season by season record

Notes:   2020 Season cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, no promotion or league title was awarded.

Players
First-team squad

Management team
Club personnel

Honours
Domestic competitions
LeagueAXA Klang Valley League  Winners (1)' : 2018

References

Malaysia M3 League
Football clubs in Malaysia
Sport in Selangor
The Evening Express was an American daily evening broadsheet-format newspaper published in Portland, Maine. Founded in 1882, it was owned by Guy Gannett Publishing Co. from 1925 until 1991. As of February 1991, the Monday through Saturday average circulation was 22,700.

The Express final issue appeared on February 1, 1991. The paper's demise left Portland as a one-newspaper town with the Portland Press Herald, a morning paper also owned by Guy Gannett. It remained so until the February 2009 launch of The Portland Daily Sun.

History

First issue
The Evening Express first issue was printed on Thursday, October 12, 1882, by Arthur Laughlin, who was 28 years old at the time. In the first issue, Laughlin proclaimed; "With this, the first number of the Portland Evening Express, we present to the public a new penny daily evening paper, whose aim will be to give all the local news of the day up to 3 o'clock P.M." By 1889, the Express boasted the highest daily circulation in the city.

Col. Frederick Neal Dow
In 1887, the Express was taken over by Col. Frederick Neal Dow, son of Portland Mayor Gen. Neal S. Dow. Dow oversaw numerous technical improvements to the paper and initiated an expansion that included the purchase of competing newspaper The Daily Advertiser in 1910. Dow also purchased the city's Sunday newspaper, the Maine Sunday Telegram, which is still published to this day. Dow sold the Evening Express and Maine Sunday Telegram to Guy P. Gannett in 1925.

The end
In fall 1990, Guy Gannett Publishing Co., under the leadership of heiress Jean Gannett Hawley, announced it would cease publication of the Evening Express the following February, citing the nationwide circulation decline of evening newspapers and its desire to merge the Express newsroom with that of the morning Portland Press Herald, which Guy Gannett also owned. The final issue of the Evening Express appeared Friday, February 1, 1991, with the headline "Goodbye", ending its 108-year run. The Maine Sunday Telegram continued under Guy Gannett ownership as the Sunday edition of the Portland Press Herald.

See also
Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970
List of defunct newspapers of the United States
Guy Gannett Publishing Co.
Portland Press Herald and Maine Sunday Telegram

References

Newspapers established in 1882
Publications disestablished in 1991
Defunct newspapers published in Maine
Newspapers published in Portland, Maine
1882 establishments in Maine
1991 disestablishments in Maine
Gavin Catanach is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for Balmain and Parramatta in the NSWRL competition.

Playing career
Catanach made his first-grade debut for Parramatta in round 5 of the 1989 NSWRL season against North Sydney at North Sydney Oval. Catanach played eight matches for Parramatta over four years at the club. In 1993, Catanach joined Balmain playing 12 games. Catanach's final match in the top grade was in round 22 of the 1993 NSWRL season against his former side Parramatta at Parramatta Stadium.

References

Balmain Tigers players
Parramatta Eels players
Australian rugby league players
Rugby league props
1970 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Renee Rosalind Jenkins (born 1947) is an American pediatrician known for her work in adolescent medicine. She is the first African-American president of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Society of Adolescent Medicine.

Early life and education 
Born in Philadelphia and raised in Philadelphia and Detroit, Jenkins was educated at Wayne State University, where she earned her bachelor's degree (1967) and doctorate (1971). She was a resident at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in pediatrics, and a fellow there in adolescent medicine. She graduated residency in 1975 but completed another fellowship in population dynamics at Johns Hopkins University in 1986.

Career 
Jenkins began her career at Howard University, teaching in the department of pediatrics and its first director of Adolescent Services. From 1994-2007, she chaired the pediatrics department at Howard. She has served in several professional organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics and Society of Adolescent Medicine, and she has written for Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. Jenkins is, as of 2016, a professor at both Howard and George Washington University. Her research focuses on prevention of adolescent pregnancy, adolescent reproductive health, and medical issues facing minority children in the United States.

Honors and awards 
 Fellow, American Academy of Pediatrics (1977)
 President, Society of Adolescent Medicine (1989)
 Member, Alpha Omega Alpha (1991)
 Grace James Award for Distinguished Service, National Medical Association (1999)
 Member, National Academy of Medicine (2001)
 President, American Academy of Pediatrics (2007)
 Pediatric Section Chair, National Medical Association
 Member, American Pediatric Society
 Member, Ambulatory Pediatric Association
 Chair, Guttmacher Institute

References 

African-American physicians
Women pediatricians
American pediatricians
Physicians from Philadelphia
Physicians from Detroit
Wayne State University alumni
Johns Hopkins University fellows
Howard University faculty
George Washington University faculty
Members of the National Academy of Medicine
20th-century American physicians
21st-century American physicians
1947 births
Living people
20th-century American women physicians
21st-century American women physicians
African-American women physicians
E. A. Scott was the head baseball coach of the LSU Tigers baseball team in 1897. Scott was the second coach in the history of the LSU Baseball program. 

During his one season as head coach, he finished the season with a 3–3 record and () winning percentage.

References
 

Baseball coaches from Louisiana
LSU Tigers baseball coaches
A list of notable electroacoustic music, experimental electronic, electronic noise music, electronic sound art, and acousmatic composers:

A-C

D-I

J-O

P-T

U-Z

Acousmatic
The Deanery of Cadbury represents the Church of England in mid Devon, within the Archdeaconry of Exeter and the Diocese of Exeter. The current rural dean is Matthew Tregenza.

United Benefice of Crediton and Shobrooke with Sandford and Upton Hellions

Parishes within the United Benefice:
Crediton (Holy Cross and the Mother of Him who hung thereon) with St Lawrence, Yeoford (Holy Trinity), Posbury (St Luke) and Posbury (St Francis)
Shobrooke (St Swithin)
Sandford, Devon (St Swithun) with New Buildings (Beacon Church) and Upton Hellions (St Mary the Virgin)

Clergy:
Prebendary Matthew Tregenza Rector 
 Lewis Eden  Assistant Curate

Benefice of North Creedy

Parishes within the Benefice:
Bow (St Bartholomew)
Cheriton Fitzpaine (St Matthew)
Clannaborough (St Petrock)
Coldridge (St Matthew)
Colebrooke (St Andrew)
Down St Mary (St Mary the Virgin) with Knowle (St Boniface)
Kennerleigh (St John the Baptist)
Lapford (St Thomas of Canterbury)
Morchard Bishop (St Mary)
Nymet Rowland see Bow
Poughill (St Michael and All Angels)
Puddington (St Thomas a Beckett)
Stockleigh English (St Mary the Virgin)
Stockleigh Pomeroy (St Mary the Virgin)
Washford Pyne (St Peter)
Woolfardisworthy East (St Mary)
Zeal Monachorum (St Peter)

Clergy:
 Janet May Team Vicar

References

Deaneries of the Church of England
Diocese of Exeter
In telecommunication, transmit-after-receive time delay is the time interval from removal of RF energy at the local receiver input until the local transmitter is automatically keyed on and the transmitted rf signal amplitude has increased to 90% of its steady-state value.  An Exception: High-frequency (HF) transceiver equipment is normally not designed with an interlock between receiver squelch and transmitter on-off key. The transmitter can be keyed on at any time, independent of whether or not a signal is being received at the receiver input.

See also
Attack-time delay
Receive-after-transmit time delay

References

Telecommunications engineering
Radio technology
Chatterton’s compound is an adhesive waterproof insulating compound that was used in early submarine telegraph cables. It was patented in 1859 by John Chatterton and Willoughby Smith.

Its constitution is as follows: 
3 parts gutta-percha
1 part rosin
1 part Stockholm tar

Chatterton's Compound was also used to stick insulating paper to armatures, for example those on Synchronome clocks, which were the most accurate clocks made in the early part of the 20th century.  If the paper appeared to be in bad condition it could be removed by warming up the armature near a flame and replacing it.

Chatterton's Compound was used in the manufacture of pneumatic pipe organs to seal lead tubing into wooden blocks for the pneumatic action, or, particularly in the UK, to affix reed weights to the reed tongues.  It is still used in historical restoration jobs for this purpose but has been replaced with modern materials on more recent builds.

Chatterton's Compound was much used by submarine cable technicians for various purposes around oversea telegraph offices prior to the 1960s; it could be used as an adhesive or in jointing gutta-percha-insulated submarine telegraph cables.  It was available in round black sticks of about 3/4 inch diameter which responded to heat from a spirit lamp.  It was known to telegraph technicians as 'chats'.

In France, the normal black PVC electrical insulating tape is often referred to as chatterton.

References

Materials
Pierre-Paul may refer to:

Places 
 Lac Pierre-Paul (Mékinac), part of the Batiscanie watershed, in Quebec, Canada
 Pierre-Paul River, part of the Batiscanie watershed, in Quebec, Canada

People 
 Pierre-Paul (name)

See also 
 
 
 Peter Paul (disambiguation)
Michael Lynch (born 1951) is the Director of the Biodesign Institute for Mechanisms of Evolution at Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona.

Biography
He held a Distinguished Professorship of Evolution, Population Genetics and Genomics at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana. Besides over 250 papers, especially in population genetics, he has written a two volume textbook with Bruce Walsh. Alongside this textbook he has also published two other books. He promotes neutral theories to explain genomic architecture based on the effects of population sizes in different lineages; he presented this point of view in his 2007 book "The Origins of Genome Architecture". In 2009, he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences (Evolutionary Biology). Lynch was a Biology undergraduate at St. Bonaventure University and received a B.S. in Biology in 1973. He obtained his PhD from the University of Minnesota (Ecology and Behavioral Biology) in 1977.

Honors and awards
2013: President of the Genetics Society of America

See also
Drift-barrier hypothesis

References

1951 births
Living people
University of Minnesota College of Biological Sciences alumni
Evolutionary biologists
Population geneticists
Indiana University faculty
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Neutral theory
Hammer of the North is the fifth full-length album by Swedish heavy metal band Grand Magus. The CD was recorded at 301 studios outside of Stockholm, Sweden, and features artwork by Necrolord. The album was released on 23 June 2010 on the record label Roadrunner Records.

Track listing 
 "I, the Jury" – 4:15
 "Hammer of the North" – 5:13
 "Black Sails" – 5:08
 "Mountains Be My Throne" – 3:46
 "Northern Star" – 4:19
 "The Lord of Lies" – 6:14
 "At Midnight They'll Get Wise" – 3:45
 "Bond of Blood" – 4:44
 "Savage Tales" – 4:42
 "Ravens Guide Our Way" – 5:52

Japanese bonus track
"Crown of Iron"

Limited edition bonus DVD
 "Hammer of the North" video
 "At Midnight They'll Get Wise" video
 Behind the Scenes
 Track by Track
 Private Talk

Reception 
Germany's Metal Hammer named Hammer of the North the Album of the Month July.

Personnel 
Janne "JB" Christoffersson – vocals, guitars
Mats "Fox" Skinner – bass
Sebastian Sippola – drums

References 

2010 albums
Grand Magus albums
Roadrunner Records albums
Beaucaire is the name of several communes in France:

 Beaucaire, Gard, in the Gard department
 Gare de Beaucaire, a railway station
 Beaucaire, Gers, in the Gers department

See also
 Le souper de Beaucaire, a political pamphlet written by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1793