Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Ca Lu Combat Base (Vietnamese: Cà Lu) was an Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and  United States Marine Corps base located on Highway or Route 9, near Krông Klang, Đa Krông District, western Quảng Trị Province, South Vietnam.

The base was originally established by the ARVN to cover the infiltration route across the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) through the Cam Lo river valley. The base was taken over by the 3rd Marine Division during Operation Virginia in April 1966 by the 4th Marine Regiment, with three 105mm howitzers, a command group and a security force were positioned there. 

By February 1967, six 105mm howitzers operated by the 12th Marine Regiment were located at Ca Lu, with companies from the 3rd Battalion, 3rd Marines providing security. From August 1967 the North Vietnamese People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) cut Route 9 between Ca Lu and Khe Sanh Combat Base. In late 1967 work began on expanding Ca Lu into a combat operating base and by December 1967 the base was completed. Ca Lu was the westernmost position of the strongpoint obstacle system, a line of sensors and obstacles intended to prevent infiltration across the DMZ.  

In 1968 Ca Lu fell within the Lancaster tactical area of operations under the control of the 3rd Marine Regiment. In support of their attack on Khe Sanh, the PAVN isolated the Marine outposts along Route 9, attacking supply and engineering convoys and on 28 February they shot down a CH-46 helicopter near Ca Lu, killing 22 Marines onboard. By late March Route 9 into Ca Lu had been reopened and Marine and United States Army engineers and Navy Seabees started construction of a major base near Ca Lu to include an airfield, ammunition storage facilities, bunkers and helicopter revetments and a supporting road network, named Landing Zone Stud. On 28 March, the 1st Cavalry Division took over operational control of Ca Lu in preparation for the launch of Operation Pegasus, the relief of Khe Sanh. The 1st Battalion, 1st Marines remained at Ca Lu, providing security for the recently completed LZ Stud. With the closure of Khe Sanh Combat Base in July 1968, Ca Lu and Landing Zone Stud, renamed Vandegrift Combat base were the westernmost Marine bases along the DMZ.

In September 1969 as part of the withdrawal of the 3rd Marine Division from South Vietnam, preparations began for the Marines to withdraw from Ca Lu and Vandegrift. In early October the 4th Marine Regiment withdrew from Ca Lu and Vandegrift handing control of the bases to the ARVN 1st Division which dismantled and salvaged material at the bases for the expansion of the combat base at Camp Carroll.

References

External links
 HQ Company 4th Marine Regiment veterans' Ca Lu website

Military installations of the United States Marine Corps in South Vietnam
Ca Lu
Buildings and structures in Quảng Trị province
Saeid Aboutaleb () is an Iranian documentary filmmaker and conservative politician who served a member of the Parliament of Iran from 2004 to 2008 representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr.

U.S. detainment in Iraq
While on mission with the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting during 2003 invasion of Iraq, Aboutaleb along with the reporter Soheil Karimi, and their interpreter and driver were detained by American forces and held captive from 1 July to 4 November 2003.

Views
Aboutaleb was a critic of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

References

1969 births
Living people
Politicians from Tehran
Members of the 7th Islamic Consultative Assembly
Deputies of Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr
Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran politicians
Iranian documentary filmmakers
War correspondents of the Iraq War
Iranian people imprisoned abroad
Ashley Cooper defeated Mal Anderson 6–2, 3–6, 4–6, 10–8, 8–6 in the final to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1958 U.S. National Championships.

Seeds
The seeded players are listed below. Ashley Cooper is the champion; others show the round in which they were eliminated.

 Mal Anderson (finalist)
 Ashley Cooper (champion)
 Ham Richardson (fourth round)
 Neale Fraser (semifinals)
 Barry MacKay (second round)
 Alex Olmedo (quarterfinals)
 Kurt Nielsen (first round)
 Dick Savitt (quarterfinals)

Draw

Key
 Q = Qualifier
 WC = Wild card
 LL = Lucky loser
 r = Retired

Final eight

Earlier rounds

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

References

External links
 1958 U.S. National Championships on ITFtennis.com , the source for this draw
 Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) – 1958 U.S. Championships men's singles draw

Men's Singles
1958
In music, a common tone is a pitch class that is a member of, or common to (shared by) two or more scales or sets.

Common tone theorem

A common tone is a pitch class that is a member of, or common to, a musical scale and a transposition of that scale, as in modulation. Six of seven possible common tones are shared by closely related keys, though keys may also be thought of as more or less closely related according to their number of common tones. "Obviously, tonal distance is in some sense a function of the extent of intersection between diatonic PC collections of tonal systems".

In diatonic set theory the common tone theorem explains that scales possessing the deep scale property share a different number of common tones, not counting enharmonic equivalents (for example, C and C have no common tones with C major), for every different transposition of the scale. However many times an interval class occurs in a diatonic scale is the number of tones common both to the original scale and a scale transposed by that particular interval class. For example, then, modulation to the dominant (transposition by a perfect fifth) includes six common tones between the keys as there are six perfect fifths in a diatonic scale, while transposition by the tritone includes only one common tone as there is only one tritone in a diatonic scale.

Deep scale property

In diatonic set theory, the deep scale property is the quality of pitch class collections or scales containing each interval class a unique number of times. Examples include the diatonic scale (including major, natural minor, and the modes). In twelve-tone equal temperament, all scales with the deep scale property can be generated with any interval coprime with twelve.

For example, the diatonic scale's interval vector contains:

The common tone theorem describes that scales possessing the deep scale property share a different number of common tones for every different transposition of the scale, suggesting an explanation for the use and usefulness of the diatonic collection.

In contrast, the whole tone scale's interval vector contains:

and has only two distinct transpositions (every even transposition of the whole tone scale is identical with the original and every odd transposition has no common tones whatsoever).

See also
Approach chord
Common chord (music)
Rothenberg propriety
Walkdown

References

Further reading
Browne, Richmond (1981). "Tonal Implications of the Diatonic Set" In Theory Only 5, nos. 6–7:6–10.

Gamer, Carlton (1967). "Deep Scales and Difference Sets in Equal-Tempered Systems", American Society of University Composers: Proceedings of the Second Annual Conference: 113-22 and "Some Combinational Resources of Equal-Tempered Systems", Journal of Music Theory 11: 32-59.
Winograd, Terry. "An Analysis of the Properties of 'Deep Scales' in a T-Tone System", unpublished.

Diatonic set theory
The Australia China Business Council (ACBC) was formed in 1973 shortly after the re-establishment of diplomatic ties between Australia and China.

The Australia China Business Council's primary focus is to promote two way investment and trade between Australia and China and is the leading business organization between the two countries. The Council undertakes various thought leadership activities and lobbying of stakeholders.

The presiding President of the Australia China Business Council is David Olsson. 

The Australia China Business Council, has representative offices in every state and territory in Australia. In China, the Australia China Business Council works with the Australia Chambers of Commerce to deliver services to its members.

Events 
The Australia China Business Council holds regular events around Australia and in China, including hosting of Chinese delegations to Australia, seminars, networking events and business seminars. ACBC has a number of notable annual events:
 Canberra Networking Day  
 Chinese New Year Celebrations

See also 
 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade
 Australia Trade and Investment Commission 
 Australia China Youth Association

References

External References
Official site

Business organisations based in Australia
Australia–China relations
Foreign trade of Australia
Horace Wilbur Palmer (August 16, 1878 – November 10, 1953) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.

Life 
Palmer was born on August 16, 1878, in Coxsackie, New York, the son of Horace Palmer and Margaretta Brown.

Palmer graduated from Cornell University in 1900. He then worked with the New York Central Railroad Signaling Department in Utica until 1909, when he moved to New York City. He graduated from the New York Law School in 1911, and after he was admitted to the bar a few months later he began practicing law. He practiced law for many years with Benjamin B. Avery and Charles A. Taussing at 220 Broadway. He later maintained a law office in the Singer Building, and continued to practice law until his death.

In 1921, Palmer was elected to the New York State Assembly as a Republican, representing the New York County 21st District. He served in the Assembly in 1922. From 1925 to 1931, he was Deputy Attorney General, Labor Department under Attorney General Albert Ottinger.

Palmer was a member of the Freemasons, the Royal Arch Masons, the Knights Templar, and the Shriners. He conducted genealogical research and on the Palmer family from 1915 until his death. He died before he was able to publish his research. His wife Nellie Morse, who he married in 1915, published the book on the Palmer family for him after his death.

Palmer died on November 10, 1953. He was last living in Madison, New Jersey. He was buried in the Riverside Cemetery in Coxsackie.

References

External links 

 The Political Graveyard
 Horace W. Palmer at Find a Grave

1878 births
1953 deaths
People from Coxsackie, New York
Cornell University alumni
Politicians from Utica, New York
New York Law School alumni
20th-century American lawyers
Lawyers from New York City
Politicians from Manhattan
20th-century American politicians
Republican Party members of the New York State Assembly
American Freemasons
People from Madison, New Jersey
Burials in New York (state)
A box blade is a type of implement used on tractors for smoothing and contouring land. It is almost always unpowered, though can have auxiliary hydraulics attached in order for adjustments to be made without leaving the seat of the tractor. It is attached to the tractor via the three point hitch.

Box blades are a variation of the rear blade which has developed into its own implement, with uses that parallel that of a rear blade, but are distinct. They consist of a heavy metal 3 sided box, with the front, top and bottom open. The front has retractable scarifiers which can be used to break up hard ground. The rear has a forward and reverse cutting edge mounted at the bottom, with the reverse cutting edge often gated or floating on more expensive models. Box blades are usually very heavy due to the forces placed on them - even a lightweight one will weigh 500 pounds. The implement works going forward by scraping soil, carrying it forward as it rolls inside the box, and allowing some to work out as the blade passes over low spots. It works going back much like a dozer blade, pushing dirt, which can spill out the bottom or sides. Unlike a dozer blade, box blades are not adjustable relative to the tractor more than a few degrees in any direction, and generally only when the operator dismounts the tractor.

Box blades are primarily used for moving dirt, smoothing land, and contouring land. Most major tractor implement manufacturers make box blades, including Cammond, Woods, Gannon, & BushHog. Commercial laser guided models are coming into use which automatically level the blade via reference to an external laser.

Three point road graders can be viewed as a specific type of box blade, and are used to grade and maintain dirt and gravel roads. They usually have 2 parallel angled cutting edges, and long, low sidepieces. Manufacturers include Dura-Grader, Road Boss, and RoadRunner.

Construction equipment
The Bahnhofplatz (Train Station Plaza) is a plaza just outside the Old City of Bern, the medieval city center of Bern, Switzerland.  It was built following the destruction of the Christoffelturm which had been part of the third city wall.  It is located north of Bubenbergplatz and surrounds the Heiliggeistkirche and Bern's central train station.  It is part of the UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Site that encompasses the Old City.

History

Following the destruction of the third city wall and the Christoffelturm in 1830-32, a plaza was opened up between the Burgerspital and Neuengasse.  Initially the plaza was known as Kasernenplatz (Barracks Plaza) due to the neighboring cavalry barracks, though the name quickly changed to Spitalplatz (Hospital Plaza) due to the nearby Burgerspital.  The plaza was the site of the cabbage market in Bern.

In June 1857, the SCB (, or Swiss Central Train Line) completed a line between Basel and Bern.  Then, two years later the Bern-Thun line opened and on 2 July 1860 another line reached Thörishaus, now part of Köniz.  While the rail lines were being built, a central train station was built on the northern end of the plaza.  During the construction of the new station, the plaza was renamed Bahnhofplatz.  On 1 January 1901, the SCB was nationalized and the Bern station went over to the newly formed Swiss Federal Railways.

References

Squares in Bern
Old City (Bern)
Palaina rubella is a species of minute land snail with an operculum, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk or micromollusks in the family Diplommatinidae. This species is endemic to Palau.

References

R
Endemic fauna of Palau
Molluscs of Oceania
Molluscs of the Pacific Ocean
Critically endangered fauna of Oceania
Gastropods described in 1889
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Chainsaw Charlie may be:
"Chainsaw Charlie (Murders in the New Morgue)", a song by W.A.S.P. from their 1992 album The Crimson Idol
Ring name of American professional wrestler Terry Funk
Ángel Francisco Maldonado (born September 8, 1973) is a Mexican former professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper during his career. He was a member of the Mexico national team competing at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.

References
playerhistory

1973 births
Living people
Mexico men's under-20 international footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Olympic footballers for Mexico
Footballers at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Club América footballers
Footballers from Sinaloa
Sportspeople from Los Mochis
Mexican men's footballers
Club Necaxa non-playing staff
The slender harvest mouse(Reithrodontomys gracilis) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. A small mouse-like rodent distributed throughout a portion Central America.

Description
The slender harvest mouse has short pale pelage. Upper areas and back appearing somewhat darker than their under sides which vary from a pinkish cinnamon color to tawny, orange, or white. Ears are brown or black with little pelage. The coloration of the feet may vary seasonally and geographically. Their tails are slender and scaly with scattered hairs and may be bicolored to clove brown.

Range and Habitat 
The slender harvest mouse can be found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua. General distribution is in elevations from sea level to near 1,400 meters from southern Mexico in the Yucatán Peninsula to northwestern Costa Rica. Populations favor semiarid and arid areas with apparent ground cover, from tropical evergreen and deciduous forests to cactus covered desert areas. Never reported as common and no well published estimated of numbers. It is notable that this species is also somewhat scansorial, being found on cliffs, in trees, and among roots.

Reproduction
Very little is known of the slender harvest mouse's reproduction. Litter sizes seems to range from 2 to 4, but three being average. The reproductive season is likely extended from late winter to mid-autumn.

Phylogeny
The slender harvest mouse may be considered under the subfamily Muridae and is within the subgenera of Aprodon and in the clade R. mexicanus. The closest relation to the slender harvest mouse is the Cozumel harvest mouse, R. spectabilis. Five subspecies of R. gracilis are currently recognized, but do not form a monophyletic group. The slender harvest mouse differs in the other members of its subgenus in that it is smaller with an elongated skull. Limb bones of a small harvest mouse, possibly R. gracilis, was found in a cave on the Yucatán Peninsula and dated to the Pleistocene.

References

 Baillie, J. 1996.  Reithrodontomys gracilis.   2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.   Downloaded on 20 July 2007.
 Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. pp. 894–1531 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
 Young, Carole J. and Jones, J. Knox Jr. April 27, 1984. Mammalian Species: Reithrodontomys gracilis. No. 218. pp. 1–3 in The American Society of Mammalogists. C.J. Young and J. K. Jones eds. Texas tech University. 

Reithrodontomys
Rodents of Central America
Mammals described in 1897
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Lawrence Cyril Gura (; born November 26, 1947) is a left-handed former pitcher in Major League Baseball from  to . He won a national championship at  Arizona State University and spent 16 years in the Major Leagues. He played for the Chicago Cubs (1970–1973, 1985) of the National League, and the New York Yankees (1974–1975) and Kansas City Royals (1976–1985), both of the American League. He attended Joliet East High School and was inducted into the inaugural Joliet Hall of Fame in Joliet, Illinois.

He was elected to the American League All-Star team in 1980 when he had his finest season, finishing with an 18–10 record and a 2.95 ERA. Gura won in double figures for seven consecutive seasons for the Royals (1978–1984) compiling 99 wins over that span. He particularly pestered his former team, the Yankees, against whom he went 11–6 in the regular season as a Royal. Gura was 3–0 against them in both 1979 and 1980, with five complete games, and tossed another complete-game victory against the Yankees in the 1980 American League Championship Series.

Gura was named Royals pitcher of the year two times.

Gura was the Royals' starting pitcher for Games 2 and 5 of the 1980 World Series.

He finished with a 126–97 career record, 24 saves and an earned run average of 3.76. Gura was also an exceptional fielding pitcher, committing only 7 errors in 483 total chances for a career .986 fielding percentage.

He won 18 games in a season twice including the 1980 season. He ranks in the Royals all time top 10 in games started (219), innings pitched (1,701.1) and though not a dominant strikeout artist, he still struck out 633 batters in a Royal uniform.

Highlights
led the American Association with a .733 winning percentage while playing for the Wichita Aeros in 1972
led the International League with a 2.14 ERA while playing for the Syracuse Chiefs in 1974
led the American League in batters faced (1,175) in 1980
Was named AL Pitcher of the Month for the months of July 1980 and September 1981.

External links
Baseball Reference
Retrosheet

1947 births
Living people
All-American college baseball players
American League All-Stars
Arizona Instructional League Cubs players
Arizona State Sun Devils baseball players
Chicago Cubs players
Iowa Cubs players
Kansas City Royals players
Major League Baseball pitchers
New York Yankees players
Spokane Indians players
Baseball players from Joliet, Illinois
Syracuse Chiefs players
Tacoma Cubs players
Tiburones de La Guaira players
American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela
Wichita Aeros players
Guangfeng District () is a district of the city of Shangrao, located in Northeastern Jiangxi Province, Eastern China.

The easternmost county-level division of Jiangxi, Guangfeng borders Zhejiang and Fujian provinces. It covers .

The population is 760,000 people.

History
The district was first established during the Tang dynasty in 758 as a county, then repealed in 812. In 1074, during the Song dynasty, the district was reestablished as a county.

Administration
Guangfeng has been a county for over 1,300 years. Administratively, the district is part of the prefecture-level city of Shangrao. The county administers 23 townships.

In the present, Guangfeng District has 3 subdistricts, 16 towns and 4 townships.
3 subdistricts
 Yongfeng ()
 Lulin ()
 Fengxi ()

16 towns

4 townships

Climate 
The climate is temperate, with abundant rainfall during the monsoon season. It has clearly differentiated summers and winters.

Economy
Guangfeng was once a poor district, but now it is one of the wealthiest counties of Jiangxi. The most famous industry of the district is the tobacco industry. The GDP of 2005 is 7.29 billion.

Features
Guangfeng's most famous feature is Boshan Temple, which lies in the west of the county. The Buddhist temple has a history over 1000 years. Xin Qiji, the famous poet of the South Song dynasty, visited it often.

Sheshantou Site, in Guangfeng District, is an important Neolithic archaeological site of Jiangxi Province.

References

Gallery

Shangrao
County-level divisions of Jiangxi
Lenin Square or Ploshchad Lenina () may refer to:

Locations

Former
 Azadliq Square, Baku, Azerbaijan
 Dousti Square, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
 Freedom Square, Tbilisi, Georgia
 Independence Square, Gyumri, Armenia
 Independence Square, Minsk, Belarus
 Lukiškės Square, Vilnius, Lithuania
 Republic Square, Yerevan, Armenia
 Mustaqillik Maydoni, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
 Astana Square, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Current
 Lenin Square, Cavriago, Italy
 Lenin Square, Khabarovsk, Russia

Metro stations

In Russia 
 Ploshchad Lenina (St. Petersburg Metro)
 Ploshchad Lenina (Volgograd Metro)
 Ploshchad Lenina (Minsk Metro)
 Ploshchad Lenina (Novosibirsk Metro)
 Ploshchad Lenina (Ufa Metro)

Outside of Russia 
 Ploshchad Lenina (Donetsk Metro)
 Republic Square (Yerevan Metro)
 Mustaqilliq Maidoni (Tashkent Metro)
 Tavisuplebis Moedani (Tbilisi Metro)

See also
 List of places named after Vladimir Lenin
Nikos Vafeas (; born 21 February 1997) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Super League club Kifisia.

Career
On 29 June 2017, he signed a contract with Apollon Smyrnis.

On 23 January 2020, following his release from Apollon Smyrnis, he joined OFI on a two-and-a-half-year contract.

On 28 June 2021, Vafeas signed a contract with Ionikos.

Career statistics

Honours
OFI
Football League: 2017–18

References

1997 births
Living people
Greek men's footballers
Greece men's under-21 international footballers
Apollon Smyrnis F.C. players
Agrotikos Asteras F.C. players
OFI Crete F.C. players
Super League Greece players
Football League (Greece) players
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Thessaloniki