Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
John McQueen (February 9, 1804 – August 30, 1867) was an American lawyer and politician. He was U.S. Representative from South Carolina and a member of the Confederate States Congress during the American Civil War.

Early life and education
Born in Queensdale in Robeson County, North Carolina, near the town of Maxton, North Carolina, McQueen completed preparatory studies under private tutors and was graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He subsequently studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1828 and commenced practice in Bennettsville, South Carolina. McQueen served in the State militia in 1833–37. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1844 to the 29th United States Congress.

Career
McQueen was elected as a Democrat to the 30th and 
31st Congresses to fill the vacancies caused by the death of Alexander D. Sims. He was reelected to the 32nd and to the four succeeding Congresses, and served from February 12, 1849, until his retirement on December 21, 1860.

American Civil War
An ardent supporter of slavery and southern states' rights, McQueen was elected as a representative from South Carolina in the First Confederate Congress after the outbreak of the American Civil War. Regarding the Confederacy's cause for starting the war, McQueen stated in a December 1860 letter to civic leaders in Richmond, Virginia:

Later life and death
He died at Society Hill, South Carolina, on August 30, 1867, and was interred in the Episcopal Cemetery in Society Hill, South Carolina.

Personal life
He married Sarah Elizabeth Pickens (September 29, 1831 – September 22, 1909 at Asheville, North Carolina), granddaughter of American Revolutionary War General Andrew Pickens on December 31, 1851 in Cahaba, Alabama.

References

Further reading

External links
John McQueen's speech to the Texas Secession Convention on Feb. 1, 1861

1804 births
1867 deaths
People from Robeson County, North Carolina
Members of the Confederate House of Representatives from South Carolina
South Carolina lawyers
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni
American militiamen
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American lawyers
American proslavery activists
The Old Harbor Historic District is an historic district in the resort community of New Shoreham on Block Island off the southern coast of Rhode Island. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and Main Street, it includes Spring, High, and Water streets as well. There are 42 buildings listed in the district, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

District buildings

Chapel Street
 Site of First Baptist Church
 Saint Andrews Roman Catholic Church, c.1900

Dodge Street
 Surf Hotel, c. 1876
 Blue Dory Inn, c. 1870
 Drug Store, c. 1870
 Olsen's Cottage, c. 1875
 Rose Store, c. 1875
 Gothic Cottage, c. 1880
 Andrew. Dodge House, c. 1800
 Leslie Dodge House (The Gables Inn), c. 1860
 J. Hooper House, c. 1750
 Mansard House, c. 1875

High Street
 House, c. 1870
 Union Hotel, 1883
 Hartford Hotel, c. 1880
 Mitchell Cottage, c. 1865
 Masonic Lodge, c. 1876
 Perry Cottage, c. 1890
 Bellevue Hotel, c. 1885
 Eureka Hotel, c. 1880
 Highland House, c. 1890

Main Street
 Woonsocket House (Block Island Historical Society), c. 1875
 Woonsocket House (Annex Block Island Inn), c. 1880
 The Yellow Kittens, c. 1890

Spring Street
 Adrian Hotel (First Baptist Church), 1886
 Hotel Manisses, 1882
 1661 Inn, c. 1870
 Rose Cottage, c. 1880
 Atlantic Hotel Norwich Hotel, c. 1880
 House, c. 1885

Water Street
 New National Hotel, 1888/1904
 Narragansett Hotel, c. 1875/c. 19O8
 Ocean Cottage New Shoreham Hotel, c. 1875/c. 1910
 Pequot House, 1882
 Odd Fellows Hall, 1872
 Norton's Cottage Dept. Store, c. 189O
 Roller Skating Rink Empire Theatre, c. 188O
 City Drug Store, c. 1880
 C. C. Ball General Store, c. 1880
 Shamrock Inn Ocean View Annex, c. 1875
 Site of Ocean View Hotel

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Rhode Island

References

Historic districts in Washington County, Rhode Island
New Shoreham, Rhode Island
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Rhode Island
St Eunan's Cathedral ( ) may refer to:

 The Roman Catholic Cathedral of St Eunan and St Columba in Letterkenny, County Donegal, Ireland.
 The Anglican St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe in Donegal

See also
 Saint Eunan (disambiguation)
Lieutenant Colonel Robert George Scott, VC, DSO (22 April 1857 – 3 October 1918) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Early military career
Scott was born on 22 April 1857 at Whittlesey, near Peterborough, Cambridgeshire. He was the son of Fleet-Surgeon Robert Charles Scott (RN) and Mary Elizabeth Scott, and entered Epsom College in 1870 and joined Granville House. He was an active member of the College Corps. After leaving College in 1871 he went on to join the Cape Mountain Riflemen in 1876. He served in the Frontier Wars of 1877 and the Zulu War of 1878–9.

Details of Victoria Cross
Scott was 21 years old, and a sergeant in the Cape Mounted Riflemen, Cape Colonial Forces during the Morosi's Mountain 1879 Campaign when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

On 8 April 1879 during an attack on Morosi's Mountain, South Africa, Sergeant Scott volunteered to throw time-fuse shells as hand grenades over a wall of stone barricades from behind which the enemy were bringing heavy fire to bear on the Colonial troops. Sergeant Scott made his men take cover in case the shells burst prematurely before making two attempts to throw shells over it. At the second attempt the shell exploded almost in his hands blowing his right hand to pieces and wounding him severely in the leg.

Later career
Scott later served in South Africa during the Second Boer War, where he was in command of the Scott's Railway Guards, attached to the Kimberley Light Horse. The Railway Guards did work on the Orange River – Kimberley line, and was engaged by the enemy several times during the war. Following the end of hostilities, Scott left Cape Town for England in June 1902. He later served in the First World War. He later achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel.

References

Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

External links 
 

1857 births
1918 deaths
British recipients of the Victoria Cross
People from Peterborough
South African Army officers
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
British military personnel of the Second Boer War
People of the Basuto Gun War
British colonial army soldiers
People educated at Epsom College
South African military personnel of World War I
Eugéne-Hyacinthe-Marie-Joseph-Ignace de Lannoy, 5th Count of la Motterie, baron of Aix and Sombreffe (1684, Brussels – 10 September 1755) was a noble functionary during the Austrian rule of the Netherlands.

Family 
He was the son of François-Hyacinthe de Lannoy, 4th Count of la Motterie and Baron of Sombreffe, and Anne-Françoise of Gavre. Claude de Lannoy, 1st Count of la Motterie was his great-grandfather. He was the brother in law of Dominik von Königsegg-Rothenfels, imperial ambassador. He married Lambertine du Faign, Countess of Hasselt, lady of the Starry Cross. He was succeeded by his son Chrétien de Lannoy, 6th Count of La Motterie.

Functions 
 Governor of Dendermonde.
 Governor of Brussels in 1737.
 Imperial lord chamberlain
 1751–1756: Grand Marshall of the Imperial Court of Brussels.
 Member of the Council of State.
 Field-Marshall, general of the Artillery of the Imperial army
 Member of the States of Brabant, as Baron of Sombreffe.

Honours 
 Knight of the Golden Fleece in 1744.

References

Knights of the Golden Fleece
Lannoy family
Members of the States of Brabant

1684 births
1755 deaths
The combining grapheme joiner (CGJ),  is a Unicode character that has no visible glyph and is "default ignorable" by applications. Its name is a misnomer and does not describe its function: the character does not join graphemes. Its purpose is to semantically separate characters that should not be considered digraphs as well as to block canonical reordering of combining marks during normalization.

For example, in a Hungarian language context, adjoining letters c and s would normally be considered equivalent to the cs digraph. If they are separated by the CGJ, they will be considered as two separate graphemes. However, in contrast to the zero-width joiner and similar characters, the CGJ does not affect whether the two letters are rendered separately or as a ligature or cursively joined—the default behavior for this is determined by the font.

The CGJ is also needed for complex scripts. For example, in most cases the Hebrew cantillation accent metheg is supposed to appear to the left of the vowel point and by default most display systems will render it like this even if it is typed before the vowel. But in some words in Biblical Hebrew the metheg appears to the right of the vowel, and to tell the display engine to render it properly on the right, CGJ must be typed between the metheg and the vowel. Compare:

In the case of several consecutive combining diacritics, an intervening CGJ indicates that they should not be subject to canonical reordering.

In contrast, the "zero-width non-joiner" (at U+200C in the General Punctuation range) prevents two adjacent character from turning into a ligature.

References

External links 
 Unicode FAQ - Characters and Combining Marks
 Unicode FAQ - Normalization

Unicode special code points
Control characters
HB Ice Cream (originally an initialisation of both Hughes Brothers and Hazelbrook Farm) is an ice cream brand in Ireland and is part of the Unilever Group's Heartbrand ice cream brand.

It manufactures most of the Heartbrand's ice cream range, as well as some products designed exclusively for the Irish market, including the Hazelbrook Farm range of blocks of ice-cream.

In Northern Ireland, both HB and Wall's ice-cream (the UK variant of the Heartbrand) are available, and in recent years have been promoted together as HB Wall's.

History
The company was founded in 1926 as Hughes Brothers by James, George, and William Hughes at Hazelbrook Farm in Churchtown, Dublin. The name Hazelbrook Farm was dropped during World War II but brought back in the late 1980s except that it was called "HB Originals" from 2002 to 2005. In 1964, the milk distribution operations of HB were transferred to Premier Dairies. The rest of the company was sold to W. R. Grace and Company and subsequently became part of Unilever in 1973. HB also made sweets and chocolate too at phases. In 2002 and 2003 it made frozen yogurt.

In 2003, the HB Ice Cream plant in Churchtown was closed with the loss of 180 jobs.

Hazelbrook House, the Hughes family farmhouse, was moved to Bunratty Folk Park in 2001, where it is now on display and open to the public.

Advertising
In 2016 the brand celebrated its 90th birthday, and all television adverts since 1961 for HB returned to television screens. During the late 1970s and early 1980s popular phrases included "Two Letters Spell Ireland's Favourite Ice Cream", "Still The Favourite" during the mid-1980s while some adverts were used for Wall's in England, Miko in France and other sister brands. During the mid 1990s there were Cool Bits lolly pop like a sweet. On 26 April 2017 many of the adverts from the 1960s and 1970s were made available to the Irish Film Archive and can be watched online.

See also
 Golly Bar
 Choc Ice
 Heartbrand
 List of ice cream brands
 Unilever
 Wibbly Wobbly Wonder

References
 Tears and Smiles as the HB Factory Close, Rathfarnham Community Website
 See "The Story of HB" "80 years of Ireland's favourite Ice Cream" by Paul Mulhern and Kieran Fagan. First Published by Unilever Ireland, 20 Riverwalk, National Digital Park, Citywest Business Campus, Dublin 24. Copyright Paul Mulhern and Kieran Fagan 2006.

External links
 HB Ice Cream
 Unilever Ireland
 Lakeland Dairies

Unilever brands
Companies of the Republic of Ireland
Ice cream brands
Food and drink companies established in 1926
1926 establishments in Ireland

sv:Heartbrand#Övriga företag
The Bocholt Cross () is a forked crucifix in St. George's Church in Bocholt, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and dates to the early 14th century. It is the oldest and most significant ornament of this church and the focal point of a regional pilgrimage today.

Description 
The design of the crucifix was based on the forked cross at St. Maria im Kapitol in Cologne. The depiction of the body, that is the way in which the wounds caused by the scourge are portrayed, is almost identical. It is carved out of fir wood and measures 153 cm (60") in height, the arms of the cross extending higher than the vertical post of the cross. The upright is only a little higher than the head of Christ and there is therefore no titulus. The body is made of walnut and is 102 cm (40") high, the arm span is 97 cm (38"). The arms and head have been separately attached. The smooth 'skullcap' suggests that, originally, there was a wig of hair on the head. As a base for the artwork, the cross (i.e. the body of Christ) is covered with linen and has been hollowed out. In the interior are four relics, the origin of which is either totally unknown or can only be loosely estimated: a bone wrapped with silk which cannot therefore be identified, two human ribs and a light brown stone, probably from the Holy Land (the hill of Golgotha?) The relic compartment has not been re-opened since the cross was made. The post of the cross was originally painted green, this alluded to the Biblical tree of life symbolism. As a repository of relics the cross was referred to over the centuries as an altar of the Holy Cross. During the Neo-Gothic restoration in 1860 the Bocholt Cross, as part of a mercy seat was integrated into the high altar. Today it stands near the communion altar in a pedestal.

See also 
 Forked cross
 Coesfeld Cross

Literature 

 Hans-Rudolf Gehrmann: 700 Jahre Bocholter Kreuz. Faltblatt. Bocholt, 2015 (pdf; 294 kB).
 Pfarrei St. Georg Bocholt: Die Geschichte des Bocholter Kreuzes. Andachtszettel zum Bocholter Kreuz (online).

External links 

 Stadtgeschichte: 700 Jahre Kreuzverehrung in St. Georg, Pressemeldung der Stadt Bocholt dated 28 February 2015

References 

Crucifixes
Forked crosses
Catholic pilgrimage sites
14th-century artifacts
Gothic sculptures
History of Christianity in Germany
Christianity in North Rhine–Westphalia
ESRA may refer to:

European Safety and Reliability Association
European Survey Research Association, founded in 2005 to provide coordination in the field of Survey Research in Europe
École Supérieure de Réalisation Audiovisuelle, a French educational academy
Entertainment Software Rating Association, Iranian video game rating body
Experimental Sounding Rocket Association, a supporter of the Spaceport America Cup

See also
 Ezra (disambiguation)
 Esra
The library of Philippopolis is one of the administrative buildings built in the Northern part of the Roman forum in Plovdiv. The rectangular-shaped building has an approximate width of 20m and length of 15m. The library's main purpose was storing manuscripts and scrolls but it was also used as a place for education, reading, public discussions and speeches. Philippopolis was among the few ancient towns which had a library.

Location 
The library in Plovdiv has been discovered near General Gurko Street, which is situated in the northeastern corner of the Roman forum. It is located adjacent to the Roman odeon. Surrounding this ancient monument, you will find the building of Plovdiv's central post office as well as the main pedestrian street of the city.

The library 

One of the most interesting features of the ancient library is the construction of interior walls. When constructing the Roman bricks masonry multiple niches were formed in the interior of the walls. Archeologists suggest that wooden storage cabinets were placed there in which scrolls were kept. The floor was paved with marble slabs.

The library had an air circulation system in order to prevent humidity and moisture from damaging papyrus scrolls. Vertical clay pipes were embedded in the thick brick walls of the building to take the moisture out. They ended in a channel which was connected to the drainage system of the Roman forum.

Conservation and restoration 
The library of Philippopolis was discovered in the 1980s during the archeological research in the central Plovdiv. Currently, the western part of the building is still hidden beneath modern buildings.

External links
 Roman Plovdiv

References

Ancient libraries
Roman sites in Bulgaria
Tourist attractions in Plovdiv
Philippopolis (Thrace)
This list of biochemistry awards is an index to articles on notable awards for contributions to biochemistry, the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. The list gives the country of the organization that gives the award, but the award may not be limited to people from that country.

Awards

See also

 Lists of awards
 Lists of science and technology awards
 List of biology awards
 List of chemistry awards

References

 
biochemistry
The 2008 Pilot Pen Tennis was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 40th edition of the Pilot Pen Tennis, and was part of the International Series of the 2008 ATP Tour, and of the Tier II Series of the 2008 WTA Tour. It took place at the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center in New Haven, United States, from August 15 through August 23, 2008.

The men's field was headlined by ATP No. 13, Nottingham runner-up and Umag champion Fernando Verdasco, Cincinnati Masters semifinalist and Nottingham titlist Ivo Karlović, and winner of back-to-back titles in Stuttgart, Kitzbühel, Los Angeles and Washington Juan Martín del Potro. Other top seeds are Gstaad and Umag finalist Igor Andreev, Viña del Mar and Pörtschach runner-up Juan Mónaco, Marin Čilić, Andreas Seppi and Mardy Fish.

The women's draw was led by WTA No. 10, Rome Tier I semifinalist and Paris champion Anna Chakvetadze, Australian Open semifinalist and Indian Wells Tier I quarterfinalist Daniela Hantuchová, and Paris, Eastbourne and Montreal semifinalist, Stanford finalist Marion Bartoli. Also competing are Paris finalist Ágnes Szávay, Bangalore runner-up Patty Schnyder, Flavia Pennetta, Alizé Cornet and Dominika Cibulková.

Finals

Men's singles

 Marin Čilić defeated  Mardy Fish, 6–4, 4–6, 6–2
It was Marin Čilić's 1st career title.

Women's singles

 Caroline Wozniacki defeated  Anna Chakvetadze, 3–6, 6–4, 6–1
It was Caroline Wozniacki's 2nd title of the year, and overall.

Men's doubles

 Marcelo Melo /  André Sá defeated  Mahesh Bhupathi /  Mark Knowles, 7–5, 6–2

Women's doubles

 Květa Peschke /  Lisa Raymond defeated  Sorana Cîrstea /  Monica Niculescu, 4–6, 7–5, [10–7]

External links

Official website
Men's Singles draw
Men's Doubles draw
Men's Qualifying Singles draw
Women's Singles, Doubles and Qualifying Singles draws
Meher may refer to:

People
 Danthala Venkata Meher Baba (1950–2008), an Indian cricketer
 Gangadhar Meher (1862–1924), an Indian poet
 Gurubari Meher, a martyr in the Indian independence movement against Britain
 Harshad Meher (born 1992), an Indian footballer
 Jayanta Meher (born 1986), an Indian painter
 Jog Meher Shrestha, a Nepalese politician
 Meher Ali Shah (1859–1937), a Muslim scholar of the Chishti Order of Sufism
 Meher Baba (1894–1969), an Indian spiritual leader
 Meher Bukhari (born in 1984), a journalist and a television host from Pakistan
 Mehar Mittal (born 1935), an Indian comedian
 Meher Ramesh, an Indian film director
 Kailash Chandra Meher (born 1954), an Indian painter
 Kersi Meher-Homji, an Australian journalist
 Sadhu Meher, an Indian actor, director, and producer

Media
 Meher (TV series), a television series in India

Places
 Méhers, a commune in France
 Meher Mount, a spiritual retreat center in Ojai, California dedicated to Meher Baba
 Meher Pilgrim Center, a spiritual retreat in India dedicated to Meher Baba
 Meher Spiritual Center, a spiritual center in the U.S. dedicated to Meher Baba

Other uses
 Gangadhar Meher College (Autonomous), Sambalpur, a college in India
 Mahr, also spelled meher, a payment given by the husband to the wife in Muslim marriages
 Meherzad, a Zoroastrian name which is related to the Yazata Mithra.

See also
 Mehr (disambiguation)
 Mehar (disambiguation)
 Mehran (disambiguation)
 Mihira (disambiguation)
 Mahar (disambiguation)
Tuakana Aporotanga (–1937) was a New Zealand Māori tohunga of Ngāti Rua, a hapū of Te Whakatōhea. As a leader within the Ringatū church his role as tohunga served as healer and priest.

His mother, Mākawa, was daughter of Te Āporotanga, a leader of Ngāti Rua, and his father was Charles Frederick Leggett, an Englishman who settled in Ōpōtiki in the 1840s.

As a tohunga healer he lived strictly in accordance with the law of tapu, never letting his body touch hot water, and keeping rooms sacred for prayer and healing separate from activities of daily living, and especially food preparation.

He died in 1937 at Ōrangipakakino, and was buried in an unmarked grave at the Ngāti Rua cemetery, Te Rangi-o-matanui.

References

1937 deaths
Whakatōhea people
Tohunga
Year of birth uncertain
Kentinkrono is a town in Kumasi in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. It is about 20 kilometres from the centre of Kumasi. It is a dormitory town. It serves mainly as a community in the city of Kumasi, with old and modern buildings.

Boundaries
The town is bordered on the south by KNUST campus, to the West by Kotei, to the east by Ayigya and to the South by Oduom.

References

Populated places in Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly
Mariosousa usumacintensis is a plant species native to the Mexican State of Tabasco. It was named after the Río Usumacinta, near the location where the type specimen was collected.

Mariosousa usumacintensis is a tree up to 15 m (50 feet) tall. Prickles are located at the bases of the petioles, each prickle with a large flat gland near the base.

References

Flora of Tabasco
usumacintensis