Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The Oxford Union murals (1857–1859) are a series of mural decorations in the Oxford Union library building. The series was executed by a team of Pre-Raphaelite artists including Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones. The paintings depict scenes from Arthurian myth.

The murals were commissioned by John Ruskin and the subject was probably chosen as a result of earlier Pre-Raphaelite interest in Arthurian themes, such as the illustrations to Edward Moxon's 1857 edition of Tennyson. In addition to Rossetti, Morris and Burne-Jones, several other artists agreed to contribute. These were the painters Val Prinsep, Arthur Hughes, J. H. Pollen, John Roddam Spencer Stanhope and the sculptor Alexander Munro.

The process of painting the murals was notoriously chaotic. Ruskin said that the artists were "all the least bit crazy and it's very difficult to manage them."  As the murals were painted directly onto the wall without plaster or adequate underpainting they began to suffer decay very quickly. William Morris later completely repainted his design for the ceiling.

Rossetti's main work was Sir Lancelot's Vision of the Holy Grail. Burne-Jones painted Nimue brings Sir Peleus to Ettarde after their Quarrel. Morris executed Sir Palomides' jealousy of Sir Tristram and Iseult, though his work has been described as “poorly and clumsily painted, but the background of leaves and flowers” revealed his skills in design.

Jane Burden, who would later marry William Morris, first appears as a model in the Oxford murals. Burden was noticed by Rossetti and Burne-Jones when she was visiting an Oxford theatre with her sister. Struck by Jane's beauty, they sought her to model for them.

In 1906 Rossetti's Pre-Raphaelite colleague William Holman Hunt, who had not been directly involved, wrote a book on the history of the decorations.

See also
 List of paintings by Dante Gabriel Rossetti
 List of paintings by Edward Burne-Jones

Notes

Murals in the United Kingdom
Paintings by Dante Gabriel Rossetti
Paintings in Oxford
1850s paintings
19th-century murals
Pre-Raphaelite paintings
Paintings by Edward Burne-Jones
Works by William Morris
This list of castles in the Île-de-France is a list of medieval castles or château forts in the region in northern France.

Links in italics are links to articles in the French Wikipedia.

Essonne

Hauts-de-Seine

Castles of which little or nothing remains include 
Château La Boursidière.

Paris

Castles of which little or nothing remains include 
The Bastille,
The Louvre,
The Temple and 
Château de la Tournelle.

Seine-et-Marne

Seine-Saint-Denis

-

Val-de-Marne

Val-d'Oise

Yvelines

See also
 List of castles in France
 List of châteaux in France

References

Ile-de-France
DDD or Triple D may refer to:

Science and medicine
Defined daily dose, a World Health Organization statistical measure of drug use
Degenerative disc disease, a common disorder of the lower spine
Dense deposit disease, the preferred name for Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Type II
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, a breakdown product of DDT
Dual pacing, dual sensing and dual response modes of a pacemaker

Computers and technology
Data Display Debugger or GNU DDD, a popular graphical user interface for command-line debuggers
Digital Divide Data, a social enterprise providing disadvantaged youths in Cambodia, Laos and Kenya with IT education and training
Direct distance dialing, a method for telephone subscribers to call long-distance numbers without operator assistance
DDD, the SPARS code for a CD that was recorded, mixed, and mastered digitally
Domain-driven design, a methodology and set of priorities for programming
Developer! Developer! Developer!, a series of community conferences for software developers
3D Systems (DDD), a company that makes devices for stereolithography or 3D printing

Entertainment and popular culture

Music
DDD (album), a 2000 album by Poster Children named after the pure digital SPARS code
"DDD" (Koda Kumi song), 2005
"DDD" (EXID song), 2017
"D.D.D.", a 2019 song by The Boyz

Television
Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives, an American food television series

Organizations
Delta Delta Delta, a national collegiate sorority
Denali Destroyer Dolls, roller derby league based in Wasilla, Alaska

Other uses
Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible, an academic reference work
DDD, a brassiere cup size
Die-deterioration doubling, a minting error on coins
Direct digital democracy
Dongotono language, a language of Southern Sudan
Doe Triple-D tractor
Dhaalu Airport, Dhaalu Atoll, Maldives (IATA code DDD)
The first "Three D's" of pruning: Damaged, Diseased and Dead

See also
 King Dedede, fictional character in Nintendo's Kirby video-game series
 3D (disambiguation)
 D3 (disambiguation)
DDDD, the four D's of pruning

Science disambiguation pages
Technology and engineering disambiguation pages
Thomas Cornelius Brennan KC (1866 – 3 January 1944) was an Australian journalist, lawyer and conservative politician who was elected to the Australian Senate.

Early life
Brennan was born at Sedgwick, near Bendigo, Victoria and was an older brother of Frank Brennan, later Attorney-General in the Scullin Labor government.  He was educated locally and apprenticed as a typesetter with the Bendigo Independent.  He joined the Melbourne Argus as a printer but subsequently became a journalist and sub-editor.  He continued his education part-time, matriculated and earned a law degree at the University of Melbourne in 1900.  He married Florence Margaret Slattery in 1902 and was admitted to the bar in 1907.

Legal career
In 1921 he represented Colin Campbell Ross, the accused in the notorious Gun Alley Murder. Brennan was firmly convinced that Ross was innocent and tried in vain to appeal the case up to the Privy Council. Ross was nonetheless convicted and executed the following year. Haunted by guilt over his failure to save his client, Brennan wrote a book detailing his perspectives on the case, The Gun Alley Murder. It was not until 2008 that modern DNA testing finally confirmed Ross's innocence. The case remains one of the most famous instances of miscarriage of justice in Australian legal history.

He was appointed a King's Counsel (KC) in 1928 and was made a Doctor of Laws in 1935 for a thesis published as Interpreting the Constitution.  Brennan was prominent in the Catholic community and editor of the Catholic Advocate from 1915 to 1917, when he clashed with Bishop Daniel Mannix, who opposed the introduction of conscription during World War I, like the great majority of the Irish Australian Catholic community.

Political career

Brennan ran unsuccessfully as a Liberal for election to the Victorian Legislative Assembly in 1911, 1913 and 1914.  He also ran unsuccessfully as a Nationalist for the seat of Bendigo East in 1921.  In 1931, he was appointed to a fill a casual vacancy in the Senate, representing the United Australia Party in 1931 and gained re-election in the 1931 election.  He was appointed minister without portfolio assisting the ministers for commerce in the second and third Lyons ministries from October 1934 until he lost his seat at the November 1937 election.

Brennan was survived by his wife and two daughters.

Notes

Australian barristers
United Australia Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate
Members of the Australian Senate for Victoria
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Journalists from Melbourne
1860s births
1944 deaths
Australian King's Counsel
20th-century Australian politicians
People from Bendigo
Australian people of Irish descent
University of Melbourne alumni politicians
Johnny Guirke is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Meath West constituency since the 2020 general election.

Political career
Guirke was a member of Meath County Council for the Kells local electoral area from 2014 to 2020, first elected in 2014 and re-elected again in 2019. Michael Gallagher was co-opted to Guirke's seat on Meath County Council following his election to the Dáil.

In the 2020 Irish general election, Guirke was elected as a TD for Meath West, topping the poll.

In August 2022 the Irish Independent reported that Guirke failed to register one of his rental properties with the Residential Tenancies Board. He was warned by Sinn Féin that any further lapses in registration of rental properties “will result in disciplinary action from the party”.

Personal life 
Guirke moved to Boston in 1988, where he worked in the construction industry for 18 years, before moving back to Meath.

Guirke met his wife Mary while living in Boston, and the couple have four children.

References

External links
Johnny Guirke's page on the Sinn Féin website

Living people
Members of Meath County Council
Members of the 33rd Dáil
Sinn Féin TDs (post-1923)
1969 births
Erie Canal Harbor (formerly Auditorium until September 1, 2003) is a Buffalo Metro Rail station located in the 100 block of Main Street (just north of Hanover and Scott Streets) next to the South Aud Block of Canalside in the Free Fare Zone, which allows passengers free travel between this station and Fountain Plaza station. Passengers continuing past Fountain Plaza are required to provide proof-of-payment. Unless there are events occurring at KeyBank Center, in which case Special Events station will be utilized, this is the southern terminus of Metro Rail. Since Erie Canal Harbor station serves as a terminal, immediately north is a double crossover. Erie Canal Harbor station is located close to Amtrak's Buffalo–Exchange Street station and the two stations are connected by a lit pathway beneath Interstate 190 with decorative cement and signage.

Bus routes
 6 Sycamore
 8 Main (outbound)
 24 Genesee (outbound)
 68 George Urban (outbound)

Notable places nearby
Erie Canal Harbor station is located near:
 Buffalo–Exchange Street station (Amtrak train station)
 Buffalo and Erie County Naval & Military Park
 Canalside District
 KeyBank Center (formerly First Niagara Center, HSBC Arena, Marine Midland Arena and Crossroads Arena)
 LECOM Harborcenter

See also
 List of Buffalo Metro Rail stations

References

Buffalo Metro Rail stations
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1984
1984 establishments in New York (state)
Piney is a historically derogatory term for the inhabitants of the New Jersey Pine Barrens, but is now considered a cultural demonym. The Pine Barrens have sandy, acidic soil considered unsuitable for traditional farming by early settlers, who called the land "barren". The area is forested mainly with pitch pine and scrub oak.  Many areas are swampy with cedar forests that grow along brownish-red, fresh water called "cedar water."  The red color is actually created by the high level of iron in the water.

Living conditions in the "Barrens" were considered inhospitable, and those that lived there were considered to be the dregs of society: fugitives, poachers, moonshiners, runaway slaves or deserting soldiers. Often poor, pineys were forced to make a living in any way possible.  They collected and sold sphagnum moss or pine cones, hunted, fished, and lived off of the land.  Some of the pineys included notorious bandits known as the Pine Robbers. 

Pineys were further demonized after two eugenics studies in the early 20th century, which depicted them as congenital idiots and criminals, most notably the research performed on "The Kallikak Family" by Henry H. Goddard and Elizabeth Kite. In a 1939 guidebook, the Federal Writers' Project largely endorsed Kite's eugenicist and ahistorical depiction of Pineys, and added that "a staff correspondent of the Newark Evening News reported that U. S. Navy blimps must be careful in their flights over the area. The Piney bootleggers, suspecting that the low-flying blimps are seeking illicit stills, are quick on the trigger; frequently the small dirigibles return to Lakehurst from training flights with bullet holes in the fabric."

Pineys often fostered stories of how terrible the Pine Barrens are or how violent they were in order to discourage outsiders and law enforcement from entering the Barrens. The Jersey Devil stories often had this effect also. Today, pineys tend to wear the label as a badge of honor, much like the term "redneck" has been embraced in the Appalachian Mountains and the Southern United States.

References

American regional nicknames
Class-related slurs
New Jersey culture
Pejorative demonyms
Pine Barrens (New Jersey)
Poverty in the United States
Rural culture in the United States
Stereotypes of rural people
Working-class culture in New Jersey
Major-General Charles Theophilus Evelyn Metcalfe, CB (7 February 1856 – 1912) was a British Army officer who became General Officer Commanding 6th Division.

Military career
Educated at Malvern Wells, Eton College and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Metcalfe was commissioned into the Rifle Brigade as a lieutenant in September 1874. Promoted to captain on 1 January 1884, he took part in the Burma expedition in 1886. After promotion to major on 17 May 1893, he then joined the Tochi Field Force on the North West Frontier of India in 1897, following which he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 5 December 1898.

He served as Commanding Officer of 2nd Battalion of the Rifle Brigade during the Second Boer War, taking part in the Relief of Ladysmith, and was promoted to colonel on 29 November 1900. For his service in the war, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the October 1902 South African honours list. He stayed in South Africa until after the war had ended in June 1902, and received the substantive rank of colonel on 7 November 1902, when he was appointed colonel on the Staff commanding the Troops in British Mauritius with the local rank of Brigadier-General. The Mauritius command had been vacant since the start of the war in late 1899. Leaving Port Natal on the SS Ortona in early November, he arrived at Port Louis to take up the command on 12 November 1902.

He was appointed General Officer Commanding 6th Division in Southern Ireland in 1909. Metcalfe retired in 1910.

Publications

References

 

|-
 

1856 births
1912 deaths
Military personnel from Edinburgh
British Army major generals
Companions of the Order of the Bath
People educated at Eton College
Rifle Brigade officers
Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst
British Army personnel of the Second Boer War
Israel Beer Breweries Ltd (IBBL) is a brewery founded in 1992 in Ashkelon, Israel.

History
The company was founded in 1992. In 2004, IBBL was ranked the second largest company in Israel's beer and cider market, behind Tempo Beer Industries. On 2008-07-23, Carlsberg announced it sold its share of IBBL stock to CBC Group.

There are approximately 320 employees.

The brewery is owned by the , which has held the Israeli franchise for Coca-Cola products since 1968.
The brewery is located above an underground aquifer and uses its water in the production process.

The brewery is now part of the IBBL visitors center, in which visitors tour the brewery and the Carlsberg factory.

IBBL produces Carlsberg Beer and Tuborg Beer. In addition to beer, the company produces "Malty", a non-alcoholic beverage, as well as the "Prigat" brand juice-based drinks and nectars.

See also
Beer in Israel
Israeli cuisine
Israeli wine
Economy of Israel

References

Beer in Israel
Drink companies of Israel
Food and drink companies established in 1992
Israeli companies established in 1992
Peter Tom Wolfenden  (24 January 1935 – 18 February 2023) was a New Zealand driver and trainer of Standardbred racehorses. He is most notable for his victory in the New Zealand Trotting Cup when he drove New Zealand's top pacer Cardigan Bay. He won the New Zealand drivers' premiership 14 times, including eight consecutive years from 1974, and twice won the Australasian Drivers Championship. He represented New Zealand seven times in the World Drivers Championship in harness racing, placing second in 1977 and third in 1971.  He had 1762 career race wins in New Zealand as a driver, and 798 as a trainer.

In the 1982 New Year Honours, Wolfenden was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE), for services to trotting. He was inducted into the New Zealand Sports Hall of Fame.

Wolfenden died on 18 February 2023, at the age of 88.

Big race wins
Peter Wolfenden's career included driving the following winners:

 1984 Auckland Cup – Enterprise
 1983 Auckland Cup – Armalight
 1980 Rowe Cup – Special Pride
 1979 Inter Dominion Pacing Championship – Rondel
 1978 Auckland Cup – Sole Command
 1977 Rowe Cup – Framalda
 1987 New Zealand Trotting Derby – Motu Prince
 1977 New Zealand Trotting Cup – Sole Command
 1974 Great Northern Derby – Captain Harcourt 
 1970 New Zealand Trotting Cup – James
 1969 Rowe Cup – Special Cash
 1968 Rowe Cup – Special Cash
 1966 Great Northern Derby – Governor Frost
 1965 New Zealand Trotting Cup – Garry Dillon
 1963 Auckland Cup – Cardigan Bay
 1963 Inter Dominion Pacing Championship – Cardigan Bay
 1963 New Zealand Free For All – Cardigan Bay
 1963 New Zealand Trotting Cup- Cardigan Bay
 1961 Auckland Cup – Cardigan Bay
 1961 Great Northern Derby – Waitaki Hanover 
 1961 New Zealand Free For All – Cardigan Bay
 1960 Auckland Cup – Damian
 1960 Rowe Cup – Jewel Derby

See also
 Harness racing in New Zealand

References

1935 births
2023 deaths
New Zealand harness racers
New Zealand Members of the Order of the British Empire
Tsiteli Khati () is a summit of the Kharuli Range in Northern Georgia. The elevation of the peak is  above sea level. The mountain is located within the Kheli Volcanic Region of Georgia, an area which is the largest source of volcanism on the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range within Georgia's boundaries. Tsiteli Khati is built up of holocene age andesites and dacitic lavas. The peak itself is a young volcanic cone with slopes that show no signs of any significant erosion. The vegetation of the mountain consists of subalpine and alpine meadows.

References 
 Georgian State (Soviet) Encyclopedia. 1987. Book 11. p. 319.

Mountains of Mtskheta-Mtianeti
Volcanoes of Georgia (country)
Mountains of South Ossetia
Holocene volcanoes
Discophora necho, the blue duffer, is a species of butterfly in the duffers group, that is, the Morphinae subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies family.

References 

Amathusiini
Butterflies of Asia
Bhavanapadu is a village and panchayat in Santha Bommali mandal of Srikakulam district. It is located in Coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh, India. There are fishing harbor and beach at Bhavanapadu village.

Demographics 

 Census of India, the town had a population of . The total population constitute,  males,  females and  children, in the age group of 0–6 years. The average literacy rate stands at 50.26% with  literates, significantly lower than the national average of 73.00%.

References

Villages in Srikakulam district
Rolf Zetterström (24 August 1920 – 29 September 2011) was a Swedish pediatrician. He was Professor of Pediatrics at the Karolinska Institute fra 1962 until his retirement in 1986. Zetterström also had a central role in the institutions awarding the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Career

He graduated as a physician at the Karolinska Institute in 1940 and earned his Licentiate's degree in 1944 and his doctorate in 1951, also at the Karolinska Institute. He became Professor of Pediatrics at University of Gothenburg in 1958, at the age of 38. In 1962 he became Professor of Pediatrics at the Karolinska Institute. He was also director of the Crown Princess Louise's Hospital for Children in Stockholm and later head of the children's clinic at Saint Göran Hospital from 1970 to 1986, and was involved in efforts to promote children's health in several developing countries in Africa and elsewhere. He became Professor Emeritus in 1986.

From 1962 to 1986 Zetterström was a member of the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, which awards the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; from 1975 to 1983 he was also a member of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, the five-member working body of the assembly that invites nominations, evaluates candidates and proposes the laureate(s) for the award before the formal decision is taken by the assembly. From 1975 he was also a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the institution which awards two other Nobel Prizes and several other awards.

Zetterström was the chief editor of the journal Acta Paediatrica from 1965 to 2005. Established in 1921 and based at Karolinska Institute, the journal was originally conceived as a leading pediatrics journal meant to showcase the best of Scandinavian pediatric research to a global audience, and still primarily published Scandinavian researchers at the time he became editor; during his tenure as editor the journal became increasingly international and by the time he left office nearly two thirds of the published papers were authored by non-Scandinavian researchers.

In 2000, Zetterström was awarded the Solstickan Prize.

Personal life
He was married from 1946 to 1958 to the physician and ophthalmologist Birgitta Zetterström-Karpe, who became the second female Professor at the Karolinska Institute in 1974, and they had three daughters. He was married in his second marriage from 1959 to the Czech-born physician Jelena Rennerová, and they had one daughter; Jelena Rennerová had formerly been married in a proforma marriage to Olof Palme, the Swedish Prime Minister, for the purpose of helping her escape Communist Czechoslovakia in 1949.

References

1920 births
2011 deaths
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Swedish pediatricians
Academic staff of the Karolinska Institute
Maiwei Dihuang Wan  () is a blackish-brown pill used in Traditional Chinese medicine to "nourish the kidney to receive qi". It tastes slightly sweet and sour.

It is "contraindicated in children under 13 years old, pregnant women, weak persons and patients with heart disease, severe tracheitis and hypertension". In addition, this pill is "unsuitable for long term use", and "overdosage is strongly discouraged". Each pill weighs about 0.6 grams.

Patients taking this pill should "abstain from eating uncooked and cool foods".

Mai Wei Di Huang Wan is erroneously described as being contraindicated for pregnant women. There are no herbs in it which are contraindicated for pregnancy. It is safe and can be useful for pregnant or nursing women.

A combination of soy isoflavones (types of plant-derived phytoestrogens) and Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (from which Maiwei Dihuang Wan is derived) is potentially effective for postmenopausal women with severe vasomotor episodes (often referred to as "hot flashes") as an alternative to hormonal therapy.

Chinese classic herbal formula

See also
 Chinese classic herbal formula
 Bu Zhong Yi Qi Wan

References

Traditional Chinese medicine pills