Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Paradise Park is a wildlife sanctuary situated in Hayle, Cornwall, England.  It has over 1000 birds and animals and is the home of the World Parrot Trust.

Events
Penguin feeding happens daily in the summer at Paradise Park. They have a summer event called the Eagles of Paradise Display, a free-flying bird show that includes several varieties of parrots.

On 21 March 2020 four zookeepers self-isolated on the property to care for their animals during the COVID-19 crisis.

Conservation programmes
The park has red squirrels, which are part of a captive breeding program to reintroduce them to Cornwall, as well as red pandas, which are part of a conservation breeding programme. The park offers red panda experiences, which includes a donation to the Red Panda Network, helping to establish the world's first protected area dedicated to red pandas: the Panchthar-Ilam-Taplejung (PIT) Red Panda Protected Forest in eastern Nepal. The Park is also home to Operation Chough a conservation project established at Paradise Park 1987.

In 1989, Mike Reynolds set up the World Parrot Trust, a registered charity. This organisation works for conservation in the wild as well as at Paradise Park. So far the Trust has helped the survival of 66 species of parrot in 42 countries.

Miniature railway
The site includes a circular  long  gauge railway, opened in 1976, which encircles the house at the centre of the park.

References

External links

 World Parrot Trust
 Operation Chough

Tourist attractions in Cornwall
Organizations established in 1973
Zoos in England
Miniature railways in the United Kingdom
15 in gauge railways in England
Buildings and structures in Cornwall
Zoos established in 1973
Hayle
Vanasse Hangen Brustlin, Inc. or VHB is a multidisciplinary American civil engineering consulting and design firm headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts with offices throughout the country. The company was founded in 1979 by Bob Vanasse (1979-1990), Rich Hangen (1979 - retirement), Robert S. Brustlin (1979 - retirement), William J. Roache (1979 - retirement), John Kennedy (1979 - retirement) and James D'Angelo (1979 - 2001). The company primarily focuses on transportation and land development. VHB was a finalist in the US DOT Safety Visualization Challenge. VHB works on a variety of transportation civil engineering projects in the Northeast and along the east coast.

VHB was the lead designer and project manager for the South Coast Rail project. In 2018, VHB received a Bronze Engineering Excellence Award from the American Council of Engineering Companies for their work on South Coast Rail bridges. VHB also is developing the permitting and environmental review for the Brooklyn–Queens Connector.

In 2018 VHB ranked 69th on the Engineering News-Record ranking of the Top Design Firms. In 2019 they ranked 62nd. In the Engineering News-Record 2019 top design firms by sector, VHB ranked #5 in Massachusetts, #3 in New Hampshire, #2 in Rhode Island and #1 in Vermont. 

In 2018 VHB was named as the Women in Transportation Employer of the Year.

In 2009 VHB opened an office in Albany, NY. In 2010 VHB acquired New York based Saccardi & Schiff and Orlando based MSCW. In 2011 VHB acquired New York based Eng-Wong, Taub & Associates. In 2012 VHB opened an office in South Portland, Maine. IN 2013 VHB acquired Raleigh, NC based Martin/Alexiou/Bryson. In 2015 VHB acquired Orlando based GMB Engineers & Planners Inc. In 2019 VHB acquired Burlington, VT based The Johnson Company.

See also 
South Coast Rail
Norwottuck Rail Trail Bridge

References 

Companies based in Massachusetts
Privately held companies based in Massachusetts
Construction and civil engineering companies of the United States
Alexander Napier may refer to:
 Alexander Napier (1st Laird of Merchiston) (died )
 Alexander Napier (2nd Laird of Merchiston) (died )
 Alexander Napier, Lord Laurieston (–1629)
 Several of the Napier baronets:
 Sir Alexander Napier, de jure 4th Baronet (died 1702)
 Sir Alexander Lennox Napier, 11th Baronet (1882–1954)
 Alex Napier (born 1935), Scottish footballer
 Alex Napier (drummer) (1947–2023), English drummer (Uriah Heep)
John Valentine Ellis (14 February 1835 – 10 July 1913) was a Canadian journalist and parliamentarian. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 1887 general election as a Liberal Member of Parliament representing the New Brunswick electoral district of City of St. John. Although defeated in 1891, he was re-elected in the 1896 election.  On 3 September 1900, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada on the recommendation of Sir Wilfrid Laurier. He represented the senatorial division of Saint John, New Brunswick until his death in Saint John on 10 July 1913.

References

External links
 

1835 births
1913 deaths
Canadian senators from New Brunswick
Journalists from New Brunswick
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Liberal Party of Canada senators
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from New Brunswick
Boolboonda is a rural locality in the Bundaberg Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Boolboonda had a population of 52 people.

History 
The name Boolboonda is reported an Aboriginal word created by local people to represent the sound of blasting to excavate the railway tunnel on the Mount Perry railway line which was built from 1882 to 1884.

Boolboonda Provisional School opened on 25 September 1882 but closed circa 1884. It reopened circa 1897, becoming Boolboonda State School on 1 January 1909. It closed on 9 February 1973. The school was located south of Tunnel Road ().

In the , Boolboonda had a population of 52 people.

Heritage listings
Boolboonda has the following heritage listings:
 Boolboonda Tunnel Road: Boolboonda State School
 Boolboonda Tunnel Road: Boolboonda Tunnel

Amenities 
Boolboonda Memorial Hall is at 3064 Gin Gin-Mount Perry Road ().

References

Further reading 

 

Bundaberg Region
Localities in Queensland
ObjectARX (AutoCAD Runtime eXtension) is an API for customizing and extending AutoCAD. The ObjectARX SDK is published by Autodesk and freely available under license from Autodesk. The ObjectARX SDK consists primarily of C++ headers and libraries that can be used to build Windows DLLs that can be loaded into the AutoCAD process and interact directly with the AutoCAD application. ObjectARX modules use the file extensions .arx and .dbx instead of the more common .dll.

ObjectARX is the most powerful of the various AutoCAD APIs, and the most difficult to master. The typical audience for the ObjectARX SDK includes professional programmers working either as commercial application developers or as in-house developers at companies using AutoCAD.

New versions of the ObjectARX SDK are released with each new AutoCAD release, and ObjectARX modules built with a specific SDK version are typically limited to running inside the corresponding version of AutoCAD. Recent versions of the ObjectARX SDK include support for the .NET platform by providing managed wrapper classes for native objects and functions.

The native classes and libraries that are made available via the ObjectARX API are also used internally by the AutoCAD code. As a result of this tight linkage with AutoCAD itself, the libraries are very compiler specific, and work only with the same compiler that Autodesk uses to build AutoCAD. Historically, this has required ObjectARX developers to use various versions of Microsoft Visual Studio, with different versions of the SDK requiring different versions of Visual Studio.

Although ObjectARX is specific to AutoCAD, Open Design Alliance announced in 2008 a new API called DRX (included in their DWGdirect library) that attempts to emulate the ObjectARX API in products like IntelliCAD that use the DWGdirect libraries.

References

See also 
Autodesk Developer Network
Autodesk
AutoCAD

Application programming interfaces
Bromberg-Ost () was the female subcamp of the German Nazi concentration camp KL Stutthof between 1944-1945, set up in the city of Bydgoszcz during the later stages of World War II. The mostly Jewish women prisoners dispatched from the main camp in Sztutowo worked as slave-labour for the German railways; loading cargo, clearing and repairing tracks, and digging ditches. The commandant of the camp was SS-Scharführer Anton Kniffke.

History
The direct order to set up the Bromberg-Ost subcamp was issued on 12 September 1944, by the superintendent of Stutthof concentration camp, Paul Werner Hoppe. The camp was situated between Kamienna and Fabryczna Streets. The following day the first 300 women prisoners were sent there under the control of seven female overseers belonging to Schutzstaffel (SS). No warm clothing was provided before mid-December. Women who managed to survive were taken on a death march to Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg. From June 1944 until March 1945 the position of Oberaufseherin in Bromberg-Ost was held by Johanna Wisotzki, while among guards reassigned to Bromberg-Ost from Stutthof were the notoriously cruel aufseherinnen Herta Bothe (died March 2000), Ewa Paradies (hanged 1946) and Gerda Steinhoff (hanged 1946) who took part in selections of prisoners to be sent to the gas chambers. A group of thirteen ex-officials and overseers of the Bromberg-Ost and Stutthof concentration camps were tried and convicted of crimes against humanity at the Stutthof trials, the war crime tribunals held at Gdańsk, Poland, from April 25, 1946, to May 31, 1946. Eleven convicts were sentenced to death, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment.

Notes

References
 Benjamin B. Ferencz, Less Than Slaves: Jewish Forced Labor and the Quest for Compensation
 Female guards in Nazi concentration camps. Gerda Steinhoff

Stutthof concentration camp
Sir George Philips, 1st Baronet (24 March 1766 – 3 October 1847) was an English textile industrialist and politician. He was closely associated with Manchesterism and has been described as the "unofficial member for Manchester", though not formally representing it.

Biography 
Philips came from an old Staffordshire family that had held manors there since the reign of Edward VI of England, and were seated at Heath House in the same county since the early seventeenth century, that continued to be lived in by his cousins. George's father, Thomas Philips (1728–1811) of Sedgley, Lancashire, established a cotton manufacturing company in Manchester.

George attended several schools, including Stand Grammar School. He was brought up in the dissenting tradition. Towards the end of the eighteenth century he joined forces with Samuel Boddington and "Conversation" Sharp (alias Richard Sharp) to form the West India company of 'Boddington, Sharp and Philips' which was based at 15 Mark Lane, London.

As fellow Dissenters, the three partners shared many common interests. Philips enjoyed writing poetry and he was especially pleased with his Epistle from Windemere to Richd. Sharp Esq., which was proudly shown to such friends as James Mackintosh, Samuel Rogers, and William Wordsworth.
Boddington and Philips followed Sharp's example by becoming dissenting Whig Members of Parliament and in time Philips gained a reputation for his fine oratory, speaking in the House on several occasions in opposition to regulating child labour in the cotton mills.

In Parliament he sat as a Whig and represented Ilchester 1812, Steyning 1818–1820, Wootton Bassett 1820–30.  Philips was an MP for Warwickshire South  following the Reform Act until 1835.

He is pictured in a commemorative painting by Sir George Hayter of the 1833 parliament.

Weston House
As his wealth grew (Sydney Smith teasingly nicknamed him "King Cotton"), Philips left the family home in Manchester, Sedgley Hall, and built Weston House in Warwickshire. It was the work of James Trubshaw to the design of Edward Blore, constructed from 1826 to 1833, and was fitted out by Augustus Pugin. The building was demolished in 1932.

Works
Under the influence of Thomas Cooper, Philips wrote a pamphlet The Necessity of a Speedy and Effectual Reform in Parliament, published 28 January 1793. It included advocacy of votes for women, and was criticised. Philips then retracted it.

Family
Philips married Sarah-Ann, eldest daughter of Nathaniel Philips of Hollinghurst. They had one son, George Richard.

See also 
J. & N. Philips

References

External links 
 

1766 births
1847 deaths
West Indies merchants
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
UK MPs 1818–1820
UK MPs 1820–1826
UK MPs 1826–1830
UK MPs 1832–1835
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Whig (British political party) MPs for English constituencies
People educated at Stand Grammar School
Committee members of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge
The Cook Islands has competed in eleven of the Commonwealth Games to date.

The Cooks' first Commonwealth Games medal was won in 2018 by lawn bowlers Taiki Paniani and Aidan Zittersteijn.

Medal tally

History 
The Cook Islands first participated in the 1974 Commonwealth Games held at Christchurch, New Zealand, missed the 1982 games, but has participated in all the games from 1986 onwards.

List of medalists

References

 
Nations at the Commonwealth Games
A veve (also spelled vèvè or vevè) is a religious symbol commonly used in different branches of Vodun throughout the African diaspora, such as Haitian Vodou and Louisiana Voodoo. The veve acts as a "beacon" for the lwa, and will serve as a lwas representation during rituals.

Veves should not be confused with the patipembas used in Palo, nor the pontos riscados used in Umbanda and Quimbanda, as these are separate African religions.

History
Possible origins include the cosmogram of the Kongo people, or originated as the Nsibidi system of writing for the Igboid and Ekoid languages from West and Central Africa.

Function
According to Milo Rigaud, "The veves represent figures of the astral forces... In the course of Vodou ceremonies, the reproduction of the astral forces represented by the veves obliges the lwa... to descend to earth."

Every lwa has their own unique veve, although regional differences have led to different veves for the same lwa in some cases. Sacrifices and offerings are usually placed upon them, with food and drink being most commonly used.

Presentation
In ritual and other formalities, veve is usually drawn on the floor by strewing a powder-like substance, commonly cornmeal, wheat flour, bark, red brick powder, or gunpowder, though the material depends entirely upon the ritual. In Haitian Vodou, a mixture of cornmeal and wood ash is used.

Veves use symbolism to communicate which spirit is being called upon - for example, gatekeeper Papa Legba is invoked with a vèvè that features a walking cane, to indicate his jolly grandpa-like demeanor. The illustration also features coded images that reflect the matrilineal and patrilineal culture of the artist, providing information about their ancestral lineage. Offerings will typically be given; in Louisiana Voodoo, this would entail a cup of coffee and/or candies associated with the spirit.

The spirit is generally meant to be invoked in the central cross of the veve.

Veve can be made into screenprint, painting, patchwork, etc., as wall hangings, artworks, and banners.

Examples

See also
 Sigil

References

External links
 Source
 Extensive collection of Veves

Religious symbols
Voodoo
Proto-writing
Magic symbols
The 2003 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup ran from June through October, 2003, open to all soccer teams in the United States.

The Chicago Fire won their 3rd Open Cup title with a 1–0 victory over the MetroStars in the final at Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, New Jersey. Chicago missed out on a domestic treble (with the Supporters' Shield) when the Fire lost MLS Cup 2003.

The Open Cup tournament was dominated by MLS squads, as only two non-MLS teams reached the quarterfinals. The Pro Select League's Wilmington Hammerheads were the story of the tournament, winning four straight games to reach the quarterfinals, including a 4-1 thrashing of MLS side Dallas Burn. The A-League's Seattle Sounders were the only other minor-league team to beat an MLS team, winning 1–0 over San Jose.

Open Cup bracket
Home teams listed on top of bracket

Schedule
Note: Scorelines use the standard U.S. convention of placing the home team on the right-hand side of box scores.

First round
Four PDL and four USASA teams start.

Second round
Six PSL and two PDL teams enter.

Third round
Eight A-League and two MLS teams enter.

Fourth round
Eight MLS teams enter.

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

Final

Top scorers

2003 domestic association football cups
2003 in American soccer
2003
Cipriano Cassamá (born 1959) is a politician in Guinea-Bissau and a member of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC). He was Minister of the Interior from August 2008 to January 2009. He has been President of the National People’s Assembly since June 2014.

Life and career
Cassamá was President Nino Vieira's spokesman at the time of the 1998–1999 civil war. After Prime Minister Francisco Fadul compared Vieira to Antonio de Oliveira Salazar during a visit to Portugal on April 19, 1999, Cassamá criticized Fadul for the use of "purposely offensive, aggressive language". Following the civil war, in which Vieira was ousted, Cassamá was arrested along with Conduto de Pina in early February 2000 for allegedly inciting war and supporting foreign occupation. He was later charged with embezzlement along with a number of others who had served under Vieira, but was acquitted by the Regional Court in Bissau in early June 2003. He subsequently served as President of the PAIGC Parliamentary Group. Although PAIGC repudiated Vieira, Cassamá was among those who welcomed Vieira back to Bissau when he returned from exile on April 7, 2005.

On March 17, 2008, Cassamá presented his candidacy to stand for the post of President of PAIGC at the next party congress, saying that he could renew and reunite the party. He was considered a dissident within the party. At PAIGC's Seventh Ordinary Congress, which was held in Gabú, Carlos Gomes Júnior was re-elected as PAIGC President on July 1–2, 2008; Cassamá was a candidate, but received only 61 votes, placing fourth.

Cassamá was appointed as Minister of the Interior on August 9, 2008, in the government of Prime Minister Carlos Correia. His appointment as Interior Minister was considered particularly important because of the ministry's responsibility for handling the November 2008 parliamentary election. In that election, PAIGC won a majority of 67 out of 100 seats in the National People's Assembly, and Cassamá was elected to a seat as a PAIGC candidate in the 10th constituency, Safim e Prabis.

Following an alleged attack by "elements of the presidential guard" against the Armed Forces Chief of Staff, General Batista Tagme Na Wai, on January 4, 2009, Tagme Na Wai accused Cassamá of ordering the attack. A presidential guard spokesman said that a rifle had accidentally gone off and that no assassination attempt had occurred. Cassamá was not included in the PAIGC government that was appointed on January 7, 2009; Lúcio Soares was appointed to replace him as Interior Minister.

He currently chairs the CPLP Parliamentary Assembly, since July 2021.

References

Members of the National People's Assembly (Guinea-Bissau)
Government ministers of Guinea-Bissau
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde politicians
Living people
Presidents of Guinea-Bissau
Presidents of the National People's Assembly (Guinea-Bissau)
1959 births
People from Cacheu Region
The Pennsylvania Packet and the General Advertiser was an American newspaper that was founded in 1771. In 1784, it became the first successful daily newspaper published in the United States.

History and notable features
The paper was founded by John Dunlap as a weekly paper in late 1771. It was based in Philadelphia, except during the British occupation of the city between 1777 and 1778, when Dunlap published the paper in Lancaster. David C. Claypoole eventually became a partner with Dunlap.  As of September 21, 1784, the paper was issued as the Pennsylvania Packet, and Daily Advertiser, reflecting the paper's move to daily publication.

This newspaper subsequently underwent additional name changes, dropping the Pennsylvania Packet prefix in 1791 and becoming  Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser (1791–1793), Dunlap and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser (1793–1795), and Claypoole's American Daily Advertiser (1796-1800).

On September 21, 1796, it became the first to publish George Washington's Farewell Address.

In 1800, Zachariah Poulson purchased the paper and renamed it Poulson's American Daily Advertiser.

In 1825, the Marquis De Lafayette granted an interview to "Poulson's Advertiser" during his famous visit to the United States.

Poulson ran the paper for almost forty years; at the end of 1839, he sold the publication to the owners of the recently founded North American. The North American featured the 1771 founding of the Packet as its heritage. 

To the extent it can honestly be traced past this point, the final successor of the Packet can be said to be The Philadelphia Inquirer.

See also
 Early American publishers and printers
 Newspapers of colonial America

References

Newspapers established in 1771
Defunct newspapers published in Pennsylvania
Defunct newspapers of Philadelphia
1771 establishments in Pennsylvania
Publications disestablished in 1840
1840 disestablishments in the United States
Newspapers of colonial America
On June 5, 1984, an air battle took place near Arabi Island in the Persian Gulf. Two Iranian Air Force F-4 Phantoms from Bushehr Air Base, had intruded into Saudi airspace  setting up for an attack on oil tankers. The planes were tracked by a United States Air Force E-3 Sentry AWACS aircraft, which directed two patrolling Saudi F-15 Eagles to intercept the Iranians. The Saudis shot down 1 Iranian F-4 Phantom, killing 1st Lts Homayoun Hekmati & weapon systems officer Seyed Sirous Karimi while damaging the second F-4, which despite being damaged, was able to make an emergency landing at Kish Airport, but the aircraft could not be repaired and returned to service, thus it was written off. This caused the Iranians to scramble 11 additional F-4s from Bushehr. In response, the Royal Saudi Air Force scrambled 11 additional F-15s. Seeing this, the Iranians backed down, and subsequently the Saudis returned to base.

References

Airstrikes during the Iran–Iraq War
Battles involving Iran
Battles involving Saudi Arabia
Military operations of the Iran–Iraq War in 1984
1984 in Saudi Arabia
Iran–Saudi Arabia relations
Iran–Saudi Arabia military relations
Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict