Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Jurisprudence of values or jurisprudence of principles is a school of legal philosophy. This school represents, according to some authors, a step in overcoming the contradictions of legal positivism and, for this reason, it has been considered by some authors as a post-positivism school. Jurisprudence of values is referred to in various works all over the world.

This modus of thinking of focuses on constitutional principles.

The jurisprudence of values centers on the concepts of incidence and interpretation of the legal norm, as well as rules and principles, and concepts like equality, freedom, and justice.

Juridical norms 
According to Pontes de Miranda, "The juridical rule is the norm with which the man, willing to subordinate the events to an order and foreseeability, tries to distribute the life's goods". Mankind seeks to somehow control the facts; the juridical norm is used as a tool to decide what is right and wrong. The norm, according to this school, is seen as a creation of man, thus man is controlling man.

Pontes de Miranda explains the concept of fact support. Fact support is the fact that is previewed by the norm; it is the abstract fact; it is the fact that, if it is verified true in the world of facts the norm will fall upon it. In other words, there is a world of concrete facts and there is another world of ideas or types. Thus, the legislator tries to use words to group possible concrete facts into sets, related to the world of ideas. This paradigm makes possible to attribute judicial effects to life's facts.

See also 
 Hermeneutics
 Jurisprudence of concepts
 Jurisprudence of interests
 Philosophy of law
 Legal naturalism
 Legal positivism

Notes

References

Further reading 
 
 
 Barroso, Luís Roberto. Interpretação e aplicação da Constituição, 3 ed. São Paulo: Saraiva, 1999.
 Barroso, Luís Roberto. O Direito Constitucional e a Efetividade de Suas Normas: Limites e Possibilidades da Constituição Brasileira, 6 ed. Rio de Janeiro: Renovar, 2002.
 
 
 
 
 Pontes de Miranda, Fracisco Cavalcanti. Tratado de Direito Privado, V. I. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Borsoi, 1954.

External links 
 The Reasonability Control  in Comparative Law
 The Modern Legal Philosophical Thinking: From the Exegesis to the Jurisprudence of Values
 Diritto.it
 Constitutional Interpretation: System and Problem
 Crisis in the Model of Justice: Proceeding Paradigm of the Normative Construction and the New Role of Lawyer Workers

Philosophy of law
Value (ethics)
The John Chambers House is an originally residential building located at 90 North State Street in St. Ignace, Michigan. The house is currently operated as the Colonial House Inn.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

History 
John Chambers Sr. was born in Ireland in 1801, and emigrated from Ireland to Philadelphia in 1846.  He moved from Philadelphia to Illinois, and then in 1849 to Mackinac Island where he was joined by his wife and children. Chambers supported himself by fishing and farming, reclaiming a farm near Castle Rock, and eventually increased his wealth to a comfortable level. In 1870 the family moved to St. Ignace, where Chambers built a two-story house on State Street.  John Chambers Sr. died in 1890 in St. Ignace.

John Chambers had eight children; three of his sons, John Jr., Michael, and Patrick, opened a prosperous general store in St. Ignace in 1870 under the name "Chambers Brothers."  The three pooled their money and invested heavily in local real estate, including the first dock built in the city.  John Jr. died in 1891, but the other two Chambers continued a prosperous business, opening branch stores in other towns.

Michael Chambers, born in 1850, was particularly prominent.  He served in 1889–90 in the Michigan House of Representatives two terms as mayor of St. Ignace in 1890 and 1891.  He also served on the board of Michigan Technological University, then the Michigan School of Mines.  Patrick Chambers also entered politics at a local level, serving as Supervisor of Ignace Township and County Treasurer in the 1870s and 80s.

In 1910, Michael and Patrick built a Colonial Revival front section onto their family home.  Patrick died in 1916 and Michael in 1918; the house stayed in the family until 1945, when it was sold to a retired ship captain, who used it as an inn from 1947 to 1978.  The inn was renovated in 1978–1981, and reopened that year. As of 2010, the house is used as the Colonial House Inn.

Description 
The older section of the Chambers House is located in the rear; it is a two-story, hipped-roof structure sitting on a rubble foundation.  The front addition is three stories, covered with yellow fish-scale shingles and clapboards.  A two-story entrance portico is supported by Doric columns.

References

External links
Colonial House Inn

Houses in Mackinac County, Michigan
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
Colonial Revival architecture in Michigan
Houses completed in 1870
Hotels in Michigan
National Register of Historic Places in Mackinac County, Michigan
The Simple Gateway Control Protocol (SGCP) is a communications protocol used within a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system. It has been superseded by the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP), another implementation of the media gateway control protocol architecture.

The Simple Gateway Control Protocol was published in several Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) draft versions between May and July 1998 by Mauricio Arango and Christian Huitema, at Telcordia Technologies (formerly Bellcore). The protocol architecture decomposes a telecommunications gateway located at the boundary between the public switched telephone network and an Internet Protocol (IP) network, such as the Internet, into a media gateway controller (MGC) on the IP network, providing call and device control, and multiple media gateways (MGs) that handle the actual media conversion to the analog or digital circuits of the PSTN, or simply connect residential telephones. Other implementations of the architecture refer to the controller as a softswitch. Communication between multiple media gateway controllers is handled by other protocols, such as the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

Shortly after its publication, SGCP was merged with the Internet Protocol Device Control (IPDC) proposal sponsored by Level3 Communications in the Fall of 1998. This led to the definition of the Media Gateway Control Protocol, jointly submitted to the IETF by the authors of SGCP and IPDC in October 1998. MGCP was used as a conceptual basis with additions from the Media Gateway Device Protocol by Lucent resulting in the Megaco/H.248 protocol, which gained formal standards-level status at the IETF and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

References

External links
SGCP pages at Telcordia Description of SGCP and the call agent architecture.

VoIP protocols
The Olde Angel Inn is a historic pub on Regent Street in the heart of Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. The Inn is said to be haunted by Captain Colin Swayze, the resident ghost.

History 

The Olde Angel Inn is one of the oldest pubs in Ontario (built in 1789 as The Harmonious Coach House). It has been reported as one of the oldest buildings in Canada. Although the Inn was rebuilt after the War of 1812, the exposed hand-hewn beams and thick plank floors laid in 1815 can still be seen. Historical figures such as John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant-Governor; Alexander Mackenzie, the explorer; Prince Edward, the father of the future Queen Victoria; and Thomas Moore, the Irish National Poet were guests at The Olde Angel Inn.

Location 

The Olde Angel Inn is located on Regent Street in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. It is located five blocks away from the historic site of Fort George and less than 25 kilometers from Niagara Falls.

Alleged haunting 

The Olde Angel Inn is said to have a resident ghost by the name of Captain Colin Swayze. Legend says that he decided to return to the pub one more time to see his true love during the war. Swayze hid in a empty barrel in the basement cellar where he was eventually killed by Americans when they came into the pub.

In a book written by Jeff Belanger, folklore says that if the British flag flies over the Inn, Captain Swayze's ghost will remain harmless. Staff from the pub share stories with Belanger, reporting objects being moved over 10 feet, doors opening without assistance and whistling being heard when no one can be found.

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Niagara-on-the-Lake
Reportedly haunted locations in Ontario
Drinking establishments in Canada
Pubs
The Hittite Sun Disk or Hittite Sun Course is an ancient Anatolian symbol dating back to the 20th century BC.

The disks can be divided into four distinct variations. These are Semi-circular, Diamond shaped, Circular with bulls' horn and circular of semicircular with a complex design including animals and horns. The last one of those types was replicated in the Hittite Sun Course Monument. The sun disks have been found in at least 13 royal tombs from the early Bronze Age in Alaca Höyük.

Description

Ankara University writes that:

Modern usage

The sun disk is used as the symbol of Ankara University. In 1974, it became the symbol of the Turkish capital, Ankara until it was replaced with an Islamic symbol in 1995.

A monument, Hittite Sun Course Monument, to the Hittites was created by the sculptor Nusret Suman and was erected in Sıhhiye Square in 1978.

The Turkish food producing company Eti uses the sun disk as their logo.

See also
 Alaca Höyük bronze standards
 Hittite Art
 Sun Cross

References

Sources
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/histmemo.29.2.02?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Symbols
Symbolism
Talismans
Religious symbols
Hittites
Hittite art
Hittite mythology
028 rainbow service is an emergency telephone, email and instant messaging service in Spain for victims of hate crimes or discrimination based of queerphobia. Its implementation was announced for Summer 2022 by Equality Minister Irene Montero in a press conference held on May 17, on the International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia. It started operations on July 4, 2023. The number was selected as a reference to June 28, International LGBT Pride Day.

History 
In November 2022, the service went out to public bidding under the tentative name of 028 rainbow. Some features of the service were announced, like it being free of charge to use, its 24 hours per day and year long availability, and that it would be complemented by an email address and instant messaging service. It was announced that the phone line would serve victims of hate crimes based on sexual orientation or gender identity, as well as victims of domestic violence in same-sex relationships or minors at risk of being rejected due to their sexual orientation. The announcement also indicated that it would include emotional and psychological counseling service, and support and information on sexual and reproductive health. Likewise, it was emphasized that it would be available in different language and with accessibility features for people with disabilities. Collected data was to be sent to the Dirección General de Diversidad Sexual y Derechos LGTBI to prepare reports on the situation of LGBTIQ+ users.

In April 2023, the government adjudicated the contract to manage the 028 telephone service to Servicios de Teleasistencia S.A. for 2.6 million euros. In May, the government announced that the service would be enabled and operational in the coming months. The following month, in June, the Ministry of Equality launched the "Spain is proudly different" campaign for International Pride Day in which it also presented the 028 service, which got the official name of the "Rainbow Line for information and comprehensive care against queerphobia".

On July 5, 2023, a few days after the second anniversary of the Killing of Samuel Luiz, the service began operations throughout the Spanish territory, with access to people with hearing and speech disabilities, and offering its services in Spanish, Catalan, Galician, Basque, English and French.

References 

2023 in LGBT history
LGBT in Spain
Emergency services
The Bay Area Climate Collaborative (BACC) is an initiative of the Silicon Valley Leadership Group through its Sustainable Valley Foundation. It was established on March 6, 2009. The former mayors of San Francisco (Gavin Newsom), San Jose (Chuck Reed) and Oakland (Ron Dellums) launched the BACC with the Silicon Valley Leadership Group and business and civic leaders. The BACC created a 10-point action plan including initiatives in solar energy, energy efficiency, electric vehicles, and green jobs.

History

The Bay Area Climate Collaborative (BACC) was founded on March 6, 2009, at the signing of the Bay Area Climate Compact. The signing ceremony was held in Redwood City at Silver Spring Networks, and was attended by leaders of local governments, agencies, businesses, and members of the press.

Partners at time of launch included: 
City of Oakland
City of San Francisco
City of San Jose
Silicon Valley Leadership Group
Bay Area Council
Joint Venture Silicon Valley

Compact
In 2006, The Bay Area Climate Compact (BACC) was signed by the Cities of San Francisco, San Jose, and Oakland. The compact states that cities commit to creating a public-private identity that best serves the region, its municipalities, institutions, and communities to meet the state of California's goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006). The compact also stated its dedication to helping Bay Area communities prepare for and adapt to the impacts of climate change.

As of August 2010, 15 regional municipalities had signed the Bay Area Climate Compact.

References

External links

 Climate Change Compact
 Silicon Valley Leadership Group

Silicon Valley
Climate change organizations based in the United States
Environmental organizations based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Feriz (, also Romanized as Ferīz, Farīz, and Ferīs; also known as Firīz and Fariz Khoosaf) is a village in Barakuh Rural District, Jolgeh-e Mazhan District, Khusf County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 216, in 81 families.

References 

Populated places in Khusf County
Paul John Pickworth (born 22 September 1958) is a retired English cricketer.  Pickworth was a left-handed batsman.  He was born in Corbridge, Northumberland.

Pickworth made his debut for Northumberland in the 1981 Minor Counties Championship against Lincolnshire.  Pickowrth played Minor counties cricket for Northumberland from 1981 to 1984, which included 10 Minor Counties Championship matches and 3 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches.  He made his only List A appearance against Middlesex in the 1984 NatWest Trophy.  In this match, he scored 5 runs before being dismissed by John Emburey.

References

External links
Paul Pickworth at ESPNcricinfo
Paul Pickworth at CricketArchive

1958 births
Living people
People from Corbridge
Cricketers from Northumberland
English cricketers
Northumberland cricketers
The 2014 World Field Archery Championships were held in Maksimir Park, Zagreb, Croatia.

Medal summary

Elite events

Junior events

References

Fie
2014 in Croatian sport
International archery competitions hosted by Croatia
Sports competitions in Zagreb
World Field Archery Championships
2010s in Zagreb
August 2014 sports events in Europe
Ivy Duke (9 June 1896, Kensington, London – 8 November 1937, London) was a British actress. She was married to the actor and director Guy Newall with whom she co-starred in several films.

Filmography
 The March Hare (1919)
 The Double Life of Mr. Alfred Burton (1919)
 I Will (1919)
 Fancy Dress (1919)
 The Garden of Resurrection (1919)
 Duke's Son (1920)
 The Lure of Crooning Water (1920)
 Testimony (1920)
 The Bigamist (1921)
 The Persistent Lovers (1922)
 Boy Woodburn (1922)
 Fox Farm (1922)
 A Maid of the Silver Sea (1922)
 The Starlit Garden (1923)
 The Great Prince Shan (1924)
 Decameron Nights (1924)
 A Knight in London (1929)

References

External links

1896 births
1937 deaths
English film actresses
English silent film actresses
Actors from Kensington
20th-century English actresses
Anthony "Tony" S. Abbott was an American college professor and writer. He taught at Davidson College for over 41 years. He received the North Carolina Award for Literature in 2015, the highest award bestowed to a civilian by the State of North Carolina. In November 2018, the Town of Davison, North Carolina awarded him the G. Jackson Burney Community Service Award. In 2020, he was inducted into the North Carolina Literary Hall of Fame.

Early life and education
Abbott was born on January 7, 1935, in San Francisco, California. He graduated from Princeton University in 1957, and received a masters (1960) and doctorate (1962) degree at Harvard University.

Career
He taught at Bates College from 1961 to 1964. In 1964, he started teaching English at Davidson College and eventually became the Charles A. Dana Professor of English Emeritus. Davidson College recognized him with the Thomas Jefferson Award in 1969 and the Hunter-Hamilton Love of Teaching Award in 1997.

He authored two novels and six books of poetry. The book of poetry The Girl in the Yellow Raincoat received a Pulitzer Prize nomination. He was the recipient of the Sam Ragan Awards in 1996 and the Brockman-Campbell Award from the North Carolina Poetry Society in 2012. He served as the President of the North Carolina Writers Network and the Chairmen of the North Carolina Writers Conference.

References

1935 births
2020 deaths
Bates College faculty
Davidson College faculty
Poets from North Carolina
Princeton University alumni
Writers from San Francisco
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Karl Wiedemann (born April 18, 1904, in Augsburg) was a German politician.

As of early 1933 Wiedemann was a city councilor in Augsburg, representing the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). He was the secretary and the Bavaria gauleiter of the International Union of Victims of Wars and Labour (IBOKA), an organization mobilizing financial support for imprisoned workers and their families. After the National Socialist seizure of power, Wiedemann remained politically active. At least until July 1933, he continued to lead activities of IBOKA. Wiedemann was detained at the Dachau concentration camp. However his brother Matthias Wiedemann, gau auditor and a local NSDAP official, managed to secure his release. Karl Wiedemann was later employed in the Augsburg city administration. In December 1934 Wiedemann's typewriter and mimeograph machine were seized in a police raid.

At the end of the Second World War Wiedemann was part of the nucleus that rebuilt the KPD organization in Augsburg. In the June 1946 Bavarian state election he was elected to the Bavarian Constituent State Assembly, as a KPD candidate in the Swabia constituency. During his tenure, he served as the 4th secretary of the Presidium of the State Assembly.

Wiedemann died in Augsburg on July 16, 1981.

References

1904 births
1981 deaths
Communist Party of Germany politicians
Politicians from Augsburg
Members of the Landtag of Bavaria
Dachau concentration camp survivors
The name Alberto has been used for seven tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean:

Hurricane Alberto (1982) – a Category 1 hurricane that formed near Cuba, where it caused 23 deaths from heavy flooding.
Tropical Storm Alberto (1988) – moved offshore up the east coast of the United States and crossed the Canadian Maritimes; caused no major damage.
Tropical Storm Alberto (1994) – made landfall in Florida, continued over Georgia and Alabama, causing significant damage from flooding; caused 30 deaths and $1.03 billion (1994 USD) damages, mostly in Georgia.
Hurricane Alberto (2000) – a long-lasting Category 3 hurricane in the Atlantic which did not approach land.
Tropical Storm Alberto (2006) – made landfall about 50 miles southeast of Tallahassee, Florida, before causing minor damage and flooding in the Carolinas.
Tropical Storm Alberto (2012) – an early season tropical storm which did not affect land.
Tropical Storm Alberto (2018) – a damaging pre-season storm that made landfall in Florida causing 12 fatalities and heavy flooding. 

Atlantic hurricane set index articles
John "Jock" Young  (1926–2005) was a British deaf rights campaigner. He was deaf and a British Sign Language user.

Early life 
Jock Young was born in Glasgow and received his education at the Glasgow Institute for the Deaf in Langside. He had ambitions to become an electrical engineer, but after leaving school he was sent for an apprenticeship to a shoe maker and repairer. After completing his apprenticeship, he got a job for the shoe repairing firm Napier's. He then took a job with Singer in Clydebank as a night shift supervisor, and then for Rolls-Royce in Hillington.

Young then took a part-time role as Youth and Community Officer for the Glasgow and West of Scotland Society of the Deaf, and then was hired as Social Work Assistant for the Edinburgh and East of Scotland Society of the Deaf, role he kept until he retired in 1991.

Young was the Honorary Secretary of Scottish Regional Council (SRC) of the British Deaf Association (BDA) from 1969 to 1983.

Chair of the British Deaf Association
In 1983, during the Torquay Congress, Jock Young became Chair of the BDA, the first Deaf person ever to be elected as chair. Murray Holmes (also deaf and Scottish) was elected as vice-chair. Young continued to work in that role until 1992.

During his tenure, the BDA achieved remarkable public recognition. Princess Diana became a dedicated patron of the Association and she committed to learn some British Sign Language. After years of work, in 1993 the Dictionary of British Sign Language was published.

Along with Arthur Verney, Young helped to set up the European Community Regional Secretariat of the World Federation of the Deaf, now known as the European Union of the Deaf. It was launched in 1985, and Young served as Honorary Director until 1991. In 1988 the organisation achieved the recognition of sign languages of the European Community's member states.

Personal life
Young was married to Lilian Lawson, who worked along with him at the British Deaf Association (BDA) during the 80s. Young was a badminton player and a keen member of the Glasgow Deaf Drama Club. He also served on the Glasgow Mission committee.

He was awarded with an OBE in 1992 for his services to the Deaf community.

References

Deaf activists
British activists with disabilities
Scottish deaf people
BSL users

1926 births
2005 deaths
Ephialtias velutinum is a moth of the  family Notodontidae. It is found in upper Amazonia (Manaus westward to Peru and Ecuador).

External links
Species page at Tree of Life project

Notodontidae of South America
Moths described in 1878