Sanda Dia was a Belgian student who died in the Antwerp University Hospital in 2018 as a result of a Reuzegom fraternity hazing ritual in Vorselaar when he was aged 20. He was a student at the University of Leuven (later renamed to KU Leuven).  

On December 4th and 5th, 2018, Dia was obliged to drink fish oil, alcoholic drinks and stand outdoors in freezing water, amongst being subject to other humiliating and degrading acts. After collapsing, he was driven to hospital where he died of multiple organ failure two days later. His death was attributed to the salt content in the fish oil he ingested. The medical doctor and forensic pathologist expert Werner Jacobs told in the Hasselt Court that Dia had several injuries caused by violent acts.

Four years later, eighteen unnamed students were found guilty of involuntary manslaughter. They were ordered to pay fines of €400 each and were sentenced to 200 or 300 hours of community service by the Antwerp Court of Appeal.

Sanda Dia 
Dia was an engineering student from Edegem He was 20 years old at the time of his death. His father was a refugee from Senegal. 

He was in good health prior to his death.

Hazing and death 
On December 5, 2018, in a woodland cabin in Vorselaar, as part of a hazing ritual, Dia was obliged to drink copious amounts of alcohol before standing half-naked, outside in the cold, in a pool of freezing water and consuming a live goldfish before being forced to throw it back up by drinking dangerous, lethal amounts of fish oil. The hazing was a ritual of the Reuzegom fraternity at KU Leuven. After hours in the freezing pool, Dia had a cardiac arrest and collapsed. 

Fraternity members then drove him to a local hospital in Malle. A nurse said she had the impression that the young men did not realise how serious his condition was (despite the fact that one of the Reuzegom members present at the hazing was a student in medicine – he however did not assist in helping Dia at any stage). At 21:49, Dia was transferred to the University Hospital of Antwerp, where hospital staff alerted the police. 

After the hazing, fraternity members, assisted by parents and by ex-members, coördinated the deleting of evidence like text messages and video recordings from their phones and cleaned up the cabin and its surroundings, in an attempt to cover up what had happened. The next day a few members went to clean up Dia’s student room as well, in attempt to cover as much evidence as possible. When the police arrived at the cabin at 3:53am, on December 6, the scene had been cleaned. 

On December 7, Dia died of multiple-organ failure. 

The coroner attributed his death to salt toxicity, attributable to the consumption of the fish oil. The amount of salt in his body was comparable to a person who drank 4 liters (1.06 gal) of seawater. This caused acute cerebral edema (swelling of the brain).

Aftermath 
The lawyer of Dia's father requested a reconstruction of the event's that led to Dia's death; the request not granted.

KU Leuven University initially suspended the students but permitted them to resume studying later. The Reuzegom fraternity was disbanded after Dia's death.

On May 26, 2023, at the Antwerp Court of Appeal, eighteen students were each found guilty of involuntary manslaughter and degrading treatment. Each of the students were acquitted of other charges, including culpable neglect and administering a harmful substance causing death or illness. They were fined €400 each and required to do community service sentences of 200 or 300 hours each. The students were additionally obliged to pay damages to the Dia family, €15,000 to his father, €8,000 to his brother and €6,000 to his stepmother. His mother sought and obtained damages of €1. Prosecutors had requested jail sentences for the perpetrators, seeking convictions of between 18 and 50 months.

After a crowd-funding campaign, friends commissioned a mural of Dia.

Protests against the sentencing for those that caused the death of Dia, and class-based justice occurred in Louvain, Antwerp, Brussels, Bruges and Ghent. "Fok Reuzegom" was painted on a roof near the Leuven railway station. In  Netherlands there were protests in Rotterdam and The Hague, nearby the Belgian Embassy. Public commentary noted that some of the fraternity were the sons of judges and politicians and that their high social class influenced their sentence to be too lenient.

Bibliography 
  (2021) Sanda Dia : De doop die leidde tot de dood
  (2022) Ontmenselijkt

References 

2018 deaths
Deaths from hazing
December 2018 events in Belgium
Controversies in Belgium
Alcohol-related deaths
2018 crimes in Belgium
Deaths by person in Europe