Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Internet background noise (IBN, also known as Internet background radiation) consists of data packets on the Internet which are addressed to IP addresses or ports where there is no network device set up to receive them.

These packets often contain unsolicited commercial or network control messages, or are the result of port scans and worm activities.

Smaller devices such as DSL modems may have a hard-coded IP address to look up the correct time using the Network Time Protocol. If, for some reason, the hard-coded NTP server is no longer available, faulty software might retry failed requests up to every second, which, if many devices are affected, generates a significant amount of unnecessary request traffic.

Historical context 
In the first 10 years of the Internet, there was very little background noise but with its commercialization in the 1990s the noise factor became a permanent feature.

The Conficker worm in recent times was responsible for a large amount of background noise generated by viruses looking for new victims. In addition to malicious activities, misconfigured hardware and leaks from private networks are also sources of background noise.

2000s 
As of November 2010, it is estimated that 5.5 gigabits (687.5 megabytes) of background noise are generated every second.

It was also estimated in the early 2000s that a dial-up modem user loses about 20 bits per second of their bandwidth to unsolicited traffic. Over the past decade, the amount of background noise for an IPv4 /8 address block (which contains 16.7 million address) has increased from 1 to 50 Mbit/s (1KB/s to 6.25MB/s). The newer IPv6 protocol, which has a much larger address space, will make it more difficult for viruses to scan ports and also limit the impact of misconfigured equipment.

Internet background noise has been used to detect significant changes in Internet traffic and connectivity during the 2011 political unrest from IP address blocks that were geolocated to Libya.

Backscatter is a term coined by Vern Paxson to describe Internet background noise resulting from a DDoS attack using multiple spoofed addresses.  This backscatter noise is used by network telescopes to indirectly observe large scale attacks in real time.

References

Noise (electronics)
Jover Hernández is a Cuban handball coach who formerly coached the Cuban national team including during the 2015 World Women's Handball Championship.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Cuban handball coaches
Place of birth missing (living people)
Buze Diriba Kejela (born 9 February 1994) is an Ethiopian female long-distance runner who competes in track, road and cross country running disciplines. She represented her country in the 5000 metres at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics, taking fifth. She was the World Junior Champion in 2012.

She ran in the junior race twice at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships. She was tenth in 2011, a non-scoring member of Ethiopia's gold medal-winning team, and improved to ninth at the 2013 race, helping Ethiopia to the team silver medals. She was also a junior team race winner at the 2012 African Cross Country Championships, finishing sixth in the race.

She made her debut on the 2012 IAAF Diamond League circuit and placed third in the 3000 metres at the Herculis meeting. She closed the year with a win at the Giro Podistico di Pettinengo. The year after, she was in the top six at the 2013 IAAF Diamond League races in Shanghai, Eugene, Oslo and Paris.

She failed to improve in the 2014 track season and turning to road running in instead. In 2015, she ran in the United States and won the Shamrockin' Run and the Parkersburg Half Marathon, as well as taking top three finishes at the Freihofer's Run For Women and Carrera De La Mujer. The following year she topped the field at the Crescent City Classic and was runner-up at the Cherry Blossom Ten Mile Run, BAA 5K and Peachtree Road Race. Buze Diribe won 2016 AACR Rock 'n' Roll Philadelphia Half Marathon in 1:11:49 ahead of Neely Spence Gracey.

Personal bests
1500 metres – 4:10.96 min (2012)
3000 metres – 8:39.65 min (2012)
Two miles – 9:40.01 min (2014)
Two miles indoor – 9:29.03 min (2015)
5000 metres – 14:50.02 min (2013)
10,000 metres – 31:33.27 min (2015)
10K run – 31:57 min (2016)
Half marathon – 72:56 min (2015)

All information from All Athletics

International competitions

References

External links

Living people
1994 births
Ethiopian female long-distance runners
World Athletics Championships athletes for Ethiopia
Ethiopian female cross country runners
21st-century Ethiopian women
Gravity Crash is a multidirectional shooter released on the PlayStation Network. Its visual style pays homage to arcade games of the 1980s. A PlayStation Vita port was released in August 2014 under the title Gravity Crash Ultra.

Gameplay

The player chooses a planet to visit from a top-level menu, and explores that planet in a two-dimensional side view. The planetary surfaces tend to be riddled with systems of caverns: manoeuvring through them while taking gravity into account is one of the game's principal challenges. Gravity Crash was inspired by three games in particular, Gravitar, Thrust and Oids.

The player can choose one of two control modes: in the first, the player's craft can fire only in the direction it is currently facing. In the second, the direction of fire is independent of the craft's orientation, controlled by the second joystick on the controller.

As an extra the game includes a shooting mini-game titled Gold Grabber, which is similar to the arcade game Robotron: 2084.

Soundtrack
The game features music by video game musician Tim Wright, who composed a 16-track remix album and double 'A'-side single to complement the game.

Reception
Gravity Crash received mostly positive reviews.  Play's reviewer stated that the only bad thing was the "insane difficulty level." Edge's reviewer also mentioned the difficulty, calling Gravity Crash "A stern, if unspectacular, challenge."

References

External links
 Just Add Water website

2009 video games
Multidirectional shooters
Multiplayer and single-player video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation Network games
PlayStation Portable games
PlayStation Vita games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games
Video games scored by Tim Wright (Welsh musician)
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set on fictional planets
Just Add Water (company) games
Manulife Plaza, also known as Lee Garden One, is an office skyscraper in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. The triangular-shaped tower stands  tall and contains 52 floors of office space. The building is currently the 16th tallest in Hong Kong and the tallest in Causeway Bay. It also has seven-storey podium hosting a shopping mall.

History

The site was developed in the 1920s as part of Lee Garden by Hysan Lee. The Lee Gardens Hotel opened in 1971 and was demolished in August 1994 to make way for the current building.

Mall
The base of Lee Garden One is a shopping mall, opened in October 1997. International luxury brands include Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Hermès, Dior, Cartier, BVLGARI, Joyce Boutique, Valentino. And the 4th to 5th floors of the mall are restaurants, respectively West Villa Restaurant and An Nam.

See also
List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong

References

External links

Skyscraper office buildings in Hong Kong
Shopping centres in Hong Kong
Office buildings completed in 1997
Washington Turnpike may refer to:
Washington Turnpike (Connecticut)
Washington Turnpike (Maryland)
Washington Turnpike (New Jersey)
Washington Turnpike (Washington), District of Columbia, now Wisconsin Avenue
The Arts and Humanities Data Service (AHDS) was a United Kingdom national service aiding the discovery, creation and preservation of digital resources in and for research, teaching and learning in the arts and humanities. It was established in 1996 and ceased operation in 2008 (although the website and related digital collections are still accessible).

Organised via a Managing Executive at King's College London and five AHDS Centres, hosted by various UK Higher Education Institutions, the AHDS was funded until the end of March 2008 by the Joint Information Systems Committee and the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC).  

However, in March 2007 the AHRC decided to cease funding for the AHDS beyond March 2008. As a result, the AHDS is now advising AHRC applicants to ensure their projects include a budget for the costs of preservation and sustainability (whether with the AHDS or another service).

Following the demise of AHDS, and the cessation of the Methods Network, the Centre for e-Research (CeRch) was established at King's College London in 2008. The Centre's aims are to facilitate interdisciplinary, institutional, national and international collaboration.

The five subject-based AHDS Centres are:

AHDS Archaeology — University of York
AHDS History — University of Essex
AHDS Literature, Languages and Linguistics — Oxford University
AHDS Performing Arts — HATII at the University of Glasgow
AHDS Visual Arts — University for the Creative Arts (Farnham campus)

Specific areas of work that the Arts and Humanities Data Service covers include:

digital preservation — including a series of preservation handbooks detailing specific preservation issues with various digital file formats and information on its digital repository
Advice on digitization — including a series of case studies of existing digitization projects, information papers on specific issues in digitization, and longer Guides to Good Practice dealing with digitization topics in particular arts and humanities disciplines
Online collections created by universities and museums in the UK. These include:
An online catalogue with details of collections held within the archive
Designing Shakespeare — 40 years of Shakespearian performance in London and Stratford
The Stormont Papers - Parliamentary debates from Northern Ireland from 1921 to 1972.

References

External links
Official website
CeRch website

1996 establishments in the United Kingdom
Arts in the United Kingdom
Humanities organizations
Jisc
2008 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Digital humanities projects
Cymatura mabokensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning and Pierre Téocchi in 1973. It is known from the Central African Republic.

References

Endemic fauna of the Central African Republic
Xylorhizini
Beetles described in 1973
The 2004 Cincinnati Bengals season was the team's 37th year in professional football and its 35th with the National Football League (NFL). The Bengals began to focus on the future, trading All-Pro running back Corey Dillon to the New England Patriots. That cleared the way for Rudi Johnson to start at running back. Carson Palmer was given the starting quarterback job. Palmer and the young Bengals would struggle early, losing five of their first seven games. As the season wore on, the Bengals began to hit their stride, as they climbed back to .500, at 6–6, before a sprained knee sent Palmer to the sidelines during a 35–28 road loss to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots.

With wins in their final two games, the Bengals would finish 8–8 for the second year in a row. Rudi Johnson finished sixth in the NFL in rushing with 1,454 yards, giving Bengals fans hope for the future.

This season would see the Bengals make their first appearance on Monday Night Football since 1992, a win at home against the Denver Broncos on October 25.

Offseason

NFL Draft

Personnel

Roster

Regular season
The 2004 season constituted the first time since 1991 that the Bengals played the Washington Redskins, and the match produced their first ever away win over that franchise. The reason for this is that before the admission of the Texans in 2002, NFL scheduling formulas for games outside a team’s division were much more influenced by table position during the previous season.

Schedule

Note: Intra-divisional opponents are in bold text

Season summary

Week 2

Standings

Team leaders

Passing

Rushing

Receiving

Defensive

Kicking and punting

Special teams

Awards and records

Pro Bowl Selections
 Rudi Johnson RB, AFC Pro-Bowl Selection
 Chad Johnson WR, AFC Pro-Bowl Selection
 Willie Anderson RT, AFC Pro-Bowl Selection
 Tory James CB, AFC Pro-Bowl Selection

All-Pro Award
 Willie Anderson RT, 1st Team All-Pro

Milestones
 Rudi Johnson, 1st 1000 yard rushing season (1,454 yards)
 Chad Johnson, 3rd 1000 yard receiving season (1,274 yards)

NFL Records
 2nd Highest scoring regular season game in NFL history (58-48 win over the Cleveland Browns on November 28, 2004)

References

External links

 
 2004 Cincinnati Bengals at Pro-Football-Reference.com

Cincinnati Bengals
Cincinnati Bengals seasons
Cincin
Nityananda Samntaray (25 April1933 – 23 February 2018) was an Indian politician who belonged to Odisha. He was active in politics with Indian National Congress, and was elected to Odisha Legislative Assembly from Tirtol Assembly constituency in 1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election.

Early life, education and family

Samntaray was born on 25 April 1933 to Bhagaban Samantray and Radhamani Samantray at Kolar village in Cuttack district.

Political career 
Samntaray was active in Odisha politics with the Indian National Congress party and was elected to the 9th Odisha Legislative Assembly from Tirtol Assembly constituency in 1985. Later he contested in 1991 and 1996 Indian general election from Jagatsinghpur Lok Sabha constituency, but defeated both the times.

Death 
Samantray died at 84 on 23 February 2018 due to Cardiac arrest.

References 

1933 births
2018 deaths
People from Cuttack district
Odisha MLAs 1985–1990
Indian National Congress politicians from Odisha
Silver fern is a species of tree fern.

Silver fern may also refer to:
 NZR RM class (Silver Fern), a class of New Zealand railcars
 Silver fern flag, an alternative flag of New Zealand
 Silver Ferns, the New Zealand national netball team
Nigel Eaton is a British multi-instrumentalist and composer best known for playing the hurdy-gurdy. Born in Lyndhurst, Eaton played the piano and cello before switching to the hurdy-gurdy in 1981 when his father, Christopher Eaton, began manufacturing them. Eaton has been described as the "foremost hurdy-gurdy player in popular music in North America and Europe".

Career 
Eaton has performed as a member of a number of different bands, including Whirling Pope Joan (with Julie Murphy), Blowzabella, Ancient Beatbox, The Duellists, and Firestarters of Leiden. He has released two solo albums, The Music of the Hurdy-Gurdy (1987) and Pandemonium (2002), and the collaborative album Panic at the Café (1993) with Andy Cutting.

As a session musician, Eaton has contributed to the film scores for Robin Hood, The Shipping News, Kingdom of Heaven, Aliens, Mansfield Park, Tulip Fever, and Carl Davis's 1980 score for the 1927 silent film Napoléon. Eaton wrote "The Halsway Schottische", a song which later became "The Halsway Carol" (with lyrics by friend and collaborator Iain Frisk) and has seen hundreds of versions performed. He has performed Howard Skempton's Concerto for Hurdy-gurdy and Percussion (written for himself and Evelyn Glennie) with the Scottish Chamber Orchestra and the Bournemouth Sinfonietta. 

Eaton has collaborated and recorded with a wide range of other artists including Afro Celt Sound System, Loreena McKennitt, Jimmy Page and Robert Plant, Scott Walker, Shelleyan Orphan, New London Consort, Heidi Berry, Gary Kemp, Bombay Bicycle Club, Blue Aeroplanes, Martin Simpson, The Palladian Ensemble, Moya Brennan, Robert Plant, Maddy Prior, June Tabor, Silly Sisters, The Tavener Consort, Jake Walton, and Hamish Moore.

In addition to his work in music and film, Eaton is a designer and maker of built-in furniture in South London.

Discography
Solo albums
The Music of the Hurdy-Gurdy (1987)
Pandemonium (2002)
Collaborative albums

 Panic at the Café (with Andy Cutting) (1993)

With Blowzabella
 Wall of Sound (1986)
 The B to A of Blowzabella (1986)
 A Richer Dust (1988)
 Vanilla (1990)
With Ancient Beatbox
Ancient Beatbox (1989)
With Whirling Pope Joan
Spin (1994)
With The Duellists
English Hurdy-Gurdy Music (1997)

Recording credits

References

External links
Nigel Eaton at Bandcamp

Living people
Hurdy-gurdy players
1966 births
English male musicians
Musicians from Hampshire
Cosmas II may refer to:

 Pope Cosmas II of Alexandria, ruled in 851–858
 Cosmas II of Constantinople, Ecumenical  Patriarch in 1146–1147
 Cosmas II of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1723–1736
Vettikulangara Devi Temple Cheppad near Harippad, Alappuzha, Kerala is one of the oldest temples in Kerala.This temple is dedicated to Durga Devi and the goddess is also known as Karthiyayini Devi.

History
From ancient times, people have worshiped Lord Mahadeva. The arrival of a Brahmin Scholar known as Thampuran from the Pazhore Padippura became responsible for the incarnation of Devi in this area. Thampuran, who had come from the north, took up his residence at Nedunagappally, Ramapuram in the south of this region. Later, on his return to his native place, Thampuran took along with him the idol of Devi, his deity of worship. During his journey, because of the omnipotence of Mahadeva, the idol happened to fall into the pond in the Kannirasi. Despite laborious efforts, Thampuran could not regain the idol. With a heavy heart, Thampuran returned to his native place. After several years while members of the Naluveettil family were digging the pond, they found the idol of Devi in the pond.

Having been hit by their digging implements, blood began to ooze from the idol. Realizing the vitality of Devi, people took possession of the idol with devotion and began to worship. As the idol was obtained during the process of digging the pond, the name "Vettikulangara came into vogue. By preserving the purity and antiquity, the pond is being protected even today.

As Adi Parashakti, the mother of mercy and the giver of vitality, Sri Karthyayani Devi resides here. By showering her blessings on her devotees who appeals to her with aching hearts, Devi reins the Vettikulangara Temple.

Other Deities
Beside the main deity there are many other deities which include Lord Mahadeva, Lord Ganesh, Lord Ayyappan, Nagaraja, and Nagayakshi

Festivals

 Navaham (Kanni)
 Sapthaham (Vrischikam)
 Thrikarthika Maholsavam (Vrischikam)
 Para Ezhunnallathu (Makaram)
 Thiru Utsavam (Kumbham)

How to reach

Nearest bus station : 1 km from Cheppad bus stop, 6 km from Haripad KSRTC bus stand, 12 km from Kayamkulam KSRTC bus stand, 3 km from Nangiarkulangara Bus Stop

Nearest railway station : Cheppad (1.5 km), Haripad (6 km), Kayamkulam (12 km)

Route to Vettikulangara Devi Temple

See also

 Temples of Kerala
 Temple festivals of Kerala

External links

 http://www.vettikulangaratemple.com

Durga temples
Hindu temples in Alappuzha district
Devi temples in Kerala
Cheppad
Growing Up Is Getting Old may refer to:

 Growing Up Is Getting Old (album), 2009 album by American singer Jason Michael Carroll
 "Growing Up Is Getting Old" (song), 2021 song by Bulgarian singer Victoria Georgieva
The 1955–56 1re série season was the 35th season of the 1re série, the top level of ice hockey in France. Club des patineurs lyonnais won their first and only league title.

Final ranking
 1st place: Club des patineurs lyonnais
 2nd place: Chamonix Hockey Club
 ? place: CSG Paris
 ? place: Ours de Villard-de-Lans

External links
Season on hockeyarchives.info

Fra
1955–56 in French ice hockey
Ligue Magnus seasons
Kuligin () is a Russian male surname. Its feminine counterpart is Kuligina. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Kuligin (born 1991), Russian Paralympic footballer

Russian-language surnames
Alexandru Țigănașu (born 12 June 1990) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a left-back or a midfielder for Liga I club Botoșani.

Honours
Studențesc Iași
Liga II: 2013–14

References

External links
 
 

1990 births
Living people
People from Săveni
Romanian men's footballers
Romania men's under-21 international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Liga I players
Liga II players
Liga III players
FC Botoșani players
FC Astra Giurgiu players
FC Politehnica Iași (2010) players
ACS Poli Timișoara players
FC Petrolul Ploiești players
A European Union laissez-passer is a travel document issued to civil servants and members of the institutions of the European Union. It is proof of privileges and immunities the holders enjoy. The document is valid in all countries of the European Union as well as in over 100 other countries. In 2006, the European Commission issued or renewed 2,200 laissez-passer, and other agencies may issue the document as well.

The present regulation was proposed by the European Commission implementing machine-readable laissez-passer according to ICAO 9303 standard including a digitized photo of the bearer's face and fingerprints. The number of data fields was reduced and the document no longer contains information on address and physical appearance.

History
Provisions for issuing laissez-passer were already present in the treaties establishing of the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Economic Community and a single European Community laissez-passer was established at the beginning of the 1970s. As a result of the Maastricht Treaty, the name was changed to European Union laissez-passer. The initial laissez-passer was available in all four languages of the communities (French, German, Dutch and Italian), but not in English. Subsequent extensions changed the number of languages to the  present 24.

Appearance
The document contains 48 pages and all text is in all 24 official languages. 

A data page has a visual zone and a machine-readable zone. The visual zone has a photograph of the holder, data about the passport, and data about the LP holder much similar to a normal passport. The nationality and place of birth of the passport holder is not mentioned in an EULP, but the code EUE is used in fields similar to issuing country.

 Photograph
 Type [of document, which is "PL"]
 Code [of the issuing organization, which is "EUE" for "European Union"]
 Laissez-passer No.
 Surname
 Given Name(s)
 Official of / Nationality [EUE / nationality code]
 Date of Birth
 Sex
 Date of Issue
 Date of Expiry
 Signature

The first line of a machine-readable zone (which is at the bottom of the page) of the passport contains a letter to denote the type of travel document (which is "PL"), followed by the code normally used for the issuing country (but here: "EUE" for "European Union"), and the name (surname first, then given name or names) of the passport holder.

In a similar fashion to most passports, the EU laissez-passer contains a request:

See also
United Nations laissez-passer 
Passports of the European Union
PRADO - Public Register of Travel and Identity Documents Online

References

External links
Legislation
 Council Regulation (EU) No 1417/2013 of 17 December 2013 laying down the form of the laissez-passer issued by the European Union
 Consolidated version of regulation (EU) No 1417/2013 containing corrections (as of 28 December 2013)
Printer
Laissez-passer.eu

European Union
International travel documents
Travel documents issued by international organizations