Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
This is a list of Arabic letter components used in Arabic script.

Table of Letter Components 

A = The letter is used for most languages and dialects with writing systems based on Arabic.

MSA = Letters used in Modern Standard Arabic.

CA = Letters used in Classical Arabic.

AD = Letters used in some regional Arabic Dialects.

"Arabic" = Letters used in Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and most regional dialects.

"Farsi" = Letters used in modern Persian.

FW = Foreign words: the letter is sometimes used to spell foreign words.

SV = Stylistic variant: the letter is used interchangeably with at least one other letter depending on the calligraphic style.

AW = Arabic words: the letter is used in additional languages to spell Arabic words.

Table

No additions

dots

1 dot

2 dots

3 dots

4 dots

different dots above and below 

  U+0753, ݓ ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH THREE DOTS POINTING UPWARDS BELOW AND TWO DOTS ABOVE. Hausa https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DD%93
  U+0751, ݑ ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH DOT BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE. Wolof https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DD%91

tōē

ring

line

numeral 

  Burushaski   
  Burushaski   
  Burushaski   
  Burushaski   
  Burushaski   
  Burushaski   
  Burushaski

arrows

Hamza

other semi-optional vowels

blank line for new entries

header

Footnotes 

 The i'jam diacritic characters are illustrative only, in most typesetting the combined characters in the middle of the table are used. The characters used to illustrate the consonant diacritics are from Unicode set "Arabic pedagogical symbols".  The "Arabic Tatweel Modifier Letter" U+0640 character used to show the positional forms doesn't work in some Nastaliq fonts.

 For most letters the isolated form is shown, for select letters all forms (isolated, start, middle, and end) are shown. 

 Urdu Choti Yē has 2 dots below in the initial and middle positions only. The standard Arabic version  always has 2 dots below.

 These characters are used by most languages that use writing systems based on Arabic, though sometimes only in foreign words.

 A Wasala diacritic Unicode character has been proposed but not yet released.

References

External links
Unicode collation charts—including Arabic letters, sorted by shape
 Why the right side of your brain doesn't like Arabic
 Arabic fonts by SIL's Non-Roman Script Initiative
  Alexis Neme and Sébastien Paumier (2019), "Restoring Arabic vowels through omission-tolerant dictionary lookup", Lang Resources & Evaluation, Vol. 53, pp. 1–65. ; 

 
Arabic orthography
Right-to-left writing systems
Viliamu Lesiva (born 15 May 1965) is a Samoan boxer. He competed in the men's middleweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

References

External links
 

1965 births
Living people
Samoan male boxers
Olympic boxers for Samoa
Boxers at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing (living people)
Middleweight boxers
Melese chozeba is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1884. It is found in Costa Rica and possibly Colombia.

References

 

Melese
Moths described in 1884
Promethium(III) phosphate is an inorganic compound, a salt of promethium and phosphate, with the chemical formula of PmPO4. It is radioactive. Its hydrate can be obtained by precipitation of soluble promethium salt and diammonium hydrogen phosphate at pH 3~4 (or obtained by hydrothermal reaction ), and the hydrate can be obtained by burning at 960 °C to obtain the anhydrous form. Its standard enthalpy of formation is −464 kcal/mol.

References 

Promethium compounds
Phosphates
Dark Ages: Mage is a tabletop role-playing game supplement released by White Wolf Publishing in October 2002 for use with their game Dark Ages: Vampire, and is part of the World of Darkness series.

History
White Wolf resumed publishing historical settings in 2002, by first relaunching Dark Ages: Vampire as a core rulebook, and then adding supplements for other supernatural groups, all of them dependent on Dark Ages: Vampire to play, including Dark Ages: Mage, which was released in October 2002 as a 240-page hardcover book, and later re-released as an e-book.

Description
This book acts as a precursor to Mage: The Ascension. It is a wildly different system from the modern counterpart, as Paradox has not quite taken hold. Because the consensus of reality is less powerful, magic itself is more bold. Rather than magic commonly being explained away by coincidence, it is often obviously the working of some powerful being.

References

Mage: The Ascension
Role-playing games introduced in 2002
The Mthonjaneni Local Municipality council consists of twenty-five members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Thirteen councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in thirteen wards, while the remaining twelve are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received.

The municipality was enlarged at the time of the 2016 South African municipal elections when part of the disbanded Ntambanana Local Municipality was merged into it.

In the election of 3 August 2016 the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) won a majority of fourteen seats on the council. The party lost its majority in the election of 1 November 2021, obtaining a plurality of twelve seats.

Results 
The following table shows the composition of the council after past elections.

December 2000 election

The following table shows the results of the 2000 election.

March 2006 election

The following table shows the results of the 2006 election.

May 2011 election

The following table shows the results of the 2011 election.

August 2016 election

The following table shows the results of the 2016 election.

August 2016 to November 2021 by-elections 

In a by-election held on 25 July 2018, a ward previously held by an ANC councillor was won by the IFP candidate. Council composition was reconfigured as seen below:

November 2021 election

The following table shows the results of the 2021 election.

By-elections from November 2021
The following by-elections were held to fill vacant ward seats in the period from November 2021.

References

Mthonjaneni
Elections in KwaZulu-Natal
King Cetshwayo District Municipality
GNz7q is a starburst galaxy with a candidate proto-supermassive black hole in the early Universe, at a redshift of 7.1899 ± 0.0005, estimated to have existed only 750  years after the Big Bang. It was discovered in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North (GOODS-North) field taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

The discovery is "the first observation of a rapidly growing black hole in the early universe" and is thought to help explain the growth of supermassive black holes less than a billion years after the Big Bang.

See also
Direct collapse black hole, a process by which black holes may form less than a few hundred million years after the Big Bang
J0313–1806, the earliest known supermassive black hole as of 2021, formed a few hundred million years after the Big Bang

References

Sources

External links
Zoom Into GNz7q, video, European Space Agency

Supermassive black holes
Astronomical objects discovered in 2022
Starburst galaxies
Ursa Major
Miskito may refer to:
 Miskito people, ethnic group in Honduras and Nicaragua
 Miskito Sambu, branch of Miskito people with African admixture
 Tawira Miskito, branch of Miskito people of largely indigenous origin
 Miskito language, original language of the Miskito people
 Miskito Coastal Creole, English based creole spoken in Nicaragua
 Miskito Languages, alternate name for Misumalpan languages
 Miskito Coast, alternate name for Mosquito Coast
 Miskito Cays, group of small islands in the Caribbean near Nicaragua

See also
Mosquito (disambiguation)
Moskito (disambiguation)
João Felipe Antunes (born 11 March 1992) is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a right defender. In 2013 he went with fellow Brazilian player, Marquinhos Carioca to play in Romania for Liga I club Oțelul Galați.

References

1992 births
Living people
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Liga I players
CR Flamengo footballers
ASC Oțelul Galați players
Esporte Clube Flamengo players
Maringá Futebol Clube players
Sociedade Esportiva Tiradentes players
Interporto Futebol Clube players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Romania
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Footballers from Porto Alegre
The 2010–11 Montenegrin First League (also known as T-Com 1.CFL for sponsorship reasons) was the fifth season of the top-tier football in Montenegro. The season began on 14 August 2010 and ended on 28 May 2011. Rudar were the defending champions having won their first Montenegrin championship last season.

Teams 
Kom were directly relegated to the Montenegrin Second League after finishing 12th last season. Their place was taken by Second League champions Mladost Podgorica.

10th-placed Mornar and 11th-placed Berane had to compete in two-legged relegation play-offs. Mornar kept their place in the First League by beating Second League third place finisher Bratstvo Cijevna 3–1 on aggregate. On the other hand, Berane were relegated after losing to Second League runners-up Bar 5–4 on penalties after the two clubs ended 2–2 on aggregate.

Stadia and locations

League table

Results
The schedule consisted of three rounds. During the first two rounds, each team played each other once home and away for a total of 22 matches. The pairings of the third round were then set according to the standings after the first two rounds, giving every team a third game against each opponent for a total of 33 games per team.

First and second round

Third round
Key numbers for pairing determination (number marks position after 22 games):

Relegation play-offs
The 10th-placed team (against the 3rd-placed team of the Second League) and the 11th-placed team (against the runners-up of the Second League) will both compete in two-legged relegation play-offs after the end of the season.

Summary

Matches

Sutjeska won 1–0 on aggregate.

1–1 on aggregate. Berane won on away goals.

Top scorers

See also
 2010–11 Montenegrin Cup

References

External links
 Official page at Montenegrin FA website 

Montenegrin First League seasons
Monte
1
James Benjamin Aswell Sr. (December 23, 1869 – March 16, 1931) was a prominent educator and a Democratic U.S. representative from Louisiana, who served from 1913 until his death, which occurred twelve days into his tenth term.

Life and career
Aswell was born in the Vernon community in rural Jackson Parish in north Louisiana to Benjamin W. and Elizabeth A. (Lyles) Aswell . He graduated with teaching credentials in 1892 from Peabody College. In 1893, he received the Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Nashville, and received a Master of Arts degree from the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville the following year. In 1907, he obtained his law degree from the same institution.

He was a state school administrator before he was selected to be president of Louisiana Polytechnic Institute, now Louisiana Tech University, in 1900. He resigned in 1904 after being elected as Louisiana Superintendent of Education in 1904. He resigned his position in 1908 to be president of Louisiana State Normal School, now Northwestern State University. Aswell resigned his position in 1911 to run unsuccessfully for governor in the 1912 Democratic primary. He was defeated by Luther E. Hall, who served in the state's highest office from 1912 to 1916.

Later that year, Aswell was elected to the U.S. House from the newly-created 8th congressional district, based around Natchitoches and Alexandria. Aswell was reelected nine times. During the 1920s, he was the ranking minority member of the House Agriculture Committee. He worked with the Louisiana naturalist Caroline Dormon to establish the Kisatchie National Forest in his district.

He died in Washington, D.C., and is interred there in Rock Creek Cemetery.

References

1869 births
1931 deaths
People from Jackson Parish, Louisiana
Louisiana Democrats
Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana
Educators from Louisiana
Louisiana lawyers
Peabody College alumni
University of Arkansas alumni
University of Arkansas School of Law alumni
People from Natchitoches, Louisiana
Presidents of Louisiana Tech University
Presidents of Northwestern State University
Burials at Rock Creek Cemetery
Orbit (foaled 1885) was a Thoroughbred racehorse. He was trained at Kingsclere by John Porter for the 1st Duke of Westminster. As a three-year-old he won the Eclipse Stakes.

Breeding
Orbit was the son of Epsom Derby and Champion Stakes winner Bend Or. His dam was Fair Alice, a daughter of July Stakes winner Cambuscan.

Racing career
Orbit won three races as a two-year-old; the Criterion Nursery Handicap at Newmarket, the Kempton Park Champion Nursery Handicap and the Daveridge Stakes. Orbit started his three-year-old career by winning the Craven Stakes at Newmarket by ¾ length from Cotillon. His next race came in the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket. Friar's Balsam started as the 1/3 favourite for the race, with Ayrshire at 100/12 and Orbit at 100/8. Orbit ran on well in the closing stages to finish in third place. Ayrshire won the race by two lengths from Johnny Morgan, who was a head in front of Orbit. After winning the 2000 Guineas win Ayrshire started as the 5/6 favourite for The Derby and Orbit was second favourite at 11/2. Orbit could only finish in fifth place, over seven lengths behind winner Ayrshire. He then finished second in the Triennial Stakes at Ascot. Orbit started as the 9/4 favourite for the Eclipse Stakes and in the final 100 yards of the race Orbit gradually edged away from stablemate Ossory and beat him by a length.

Stud career
After retiring from racing Orbit was exported to Argentina to stand at stud. He was a successful stallion there and his progeny included Olascoaga and Old Man, who won 18 of his 19 races. Such was his success at stud he was given the nickname "Stockwell Sudamericano" meaning "South American Stockwell" and referring to the British sire Stockwell.

Pedigree

Note: b. = Bay, br. = Brown, ch. = Chestnut

* Orbit was inbred 4x4 to Alice Hawthorn. This means that the mare appears twice in the fourth generation of his pedigree.

References

1885 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in the United Kingdom
Racehorses trained in the United Kingdom
Thoroughbred family 4-k
This is a list of fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1718.

Fellows
 John Bamber (c. 1667–1753)
 Thomas Bates (d. c. 1760)
 William Beckett (1684–1738)
 James Bradley (1693–1762)
 Thomas Bury (1655–1722)
 Charles Cadogan, 2nd Baron Cadogan (1685–1776)
 James Campbell (d. 1733)
 John Conduitt (1688–1737)
 Caleb Cotesworth (d. 1741)
 Samuel Cruwys (d. 1747)
 Robert Gay (d. 1738)
 Stephen Hales (?1677–1761)
 John Hollier (c. 1687–c. 1722)
 Antoine de Jussieu (1686–1758)
 Thomas Fantet de Lagny (1660–?1734)
 Sir Wilfrid Lawson, 3rd Baronet, of Isell (1697–1737)
 John Heinrich Linck (1674–1734)
 Pietro Antonio Michelotti (1680–1740)
 James Mickleton (fl. 1718)
 John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu (1690–1749)
 Ludovicus a Ripa (d. 1746)
 Nicholas Saunderson (1682–1739)
 William Stephens (c. 1693–1760)
 William Stukeley (1687–1765)
 William Wagstaffe (1685–1725)
 Robert Welsted (1671–1735)
 John Whiteside (?1679–?1729)

References

1718
1718 in science
1718 in England
There have been four creations of baronetcies with the surname Baker. They are listed in order of creation.

Baker of Sisinghurst, Kent (1611) 
A family with the surname of Baker settled in Kent at Cranbrooke in the 14th century. In 1480 Sir John Baker (1488–1558), Attorney General, Speaker of the House of Commons and Chancellor of the Exchequer, acquired an estate at Sissinghurst where his son Richard Baker (1528–1574) built Sissinghurst Castle. A grandson of Sir John was Richard Baker (chronicler).

The Baronetcy was created in the Baronetage of England on 29 June 1611 for Henry Baker of Sissinghurst Castle, grandson of Richard Baker. The second Baronet served as High Sheriff of Kent in 1635. The Baronetcy was extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1661.

Sir Henry Baker, 1st Baronet (c. 1587–1623)
Sir John Baker, 2nd Baronet (c.1608–1653)
Sir John Baker, 3rd Baronet (died 1661), extinct.

Baker of Loventor, Devon (1776)
Created in the Baronetage of Great Britain
See Baker Wilbraham baronets

Baker of Dunstable, Bedfordshire (1796)
Created in the Baronetage of Great Britain
See Sherston-Baker baronets

Baker of Ranston, Dorset (1802)

Created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 January 1817
Lieutenant-colonel Sir Edward Baker (né Baker Littlehales), 1st Baronet (died 1825), married Elizabeth-Mary Fitzgerald, third daughter of William FitzGerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster
Sir Edward Baker, 2nd Baronet (1806–1877)
Sir Talbot Hastings Bendall Baker, 3rd Baronet (1820–1900), canon of Salisbury Cathedral
Sir Randolf Littlehales Baker, 4th Baronet (20 July 1879 – 23 July 1959). Extinct on his death.

References

 

1611 establishments in England
Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of England
Baronetcies in the Baronetage of Great Britain
Extinct baronetcies in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Edoardo Vona (born 16 December 1996) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Serie D club Casarano.

Club career
Born in Rome, Vona started his career on Latina Calcio and Santarcangelo youth sector.

After two season for Serie D clubs Virtus Verona and Ribelle, in 2016 he joined to Lega Pro club Latina Calcio. Vona made his professional debut on 28 August 2016 against Livorno.

On 9 December 2017, he signed with US Tortolì.

On 18 August 2020, Vona joined Serie D club Bisceglie. He left the club in August 2020.

On 8 August 2021, he returned to Serie C and signed with Imolese.

On 9 August 2022, Vona moved to Taranto. On 24 January 2023, he was released by Taranto to join Recanatese.

Personal life
His father Maurizio was also a footballer.

References

External links
 
 

1996 births
Living people
Footballers from Rome
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football central defenders
Serie C players
Serie D players
Santarcangelo Calcio players
US Cremonese players
Virtus Verona players
SS Racing Club Roma players
Latina Calcio 1932 players
US Castrovillari Calcio players
AS Bisceglie Calcio 1913 players
Imolese Calcio 1919 players
Taranto FC 1927 players
US Recanatese players
Frank E. Higgins (19 August 1865 – 4 January 1915) was an American Presbyterian minister and evangelist to logging camps in Minnesota. He was known as the "Lumberjacks' Sky Pilot".

Higgins was born in Toronto and grew up in Shelburne, Ontario. He moved to the United States in 1890, and studied at Hamline University in the hopes of becoming a Methodist minister. He did poorly in his studies, however, and dropped out. He started pastoring a Presbyterian church in 1899 and was ordained by the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America in 1902. He preached his first sermon to the lumberjacks in 1895, and was appointed Superintendent of Lumber Camp Work in 1908.

Higgins recruited many other evangelists to his work, including Richard T. Ferrell. He was the subject of three novels by Thomas D. Whittles: The Lumberjack Sky Pilot (1908), The Parish in the Pines (1912), and Frank Higgins, Trail Blazer (1920).

The Book News Monthly described him as "a man of sterling worth – simple, whole-souled, sincere. He possessed a vigorous body, a cool head, a loving heart, and a genuine contempt for hardship".

References

Further reading
 

1865 births
1915 deaths
Presbyterian Church in the United States of America ministers
People from Dufferin County
Canadian evangelists
Canadian people of Irish descent
Bebinca or bebinka, (Konkani; bibik) is a layer cake of Indo-Portuguese cuisine in Goa, India. In traditional baking, Bebinka has between 7 and 16 layers, but bakeries can modify the cake recipe as per convenience and taste. It is especially popular during the Christmas season, but is available all year round due to tourism in Goa. It is also easily available to carry and preserve for a long time or eaten fresh.

Bebinca was also adopted as a typhoon name in the northwestern Pacific Ocean by Macao. It is also prepared in Portugal and Mozambique.

Preparation 
Preparing bebinca is a slow process. The batter is made with flour, sugar, ghee, egg yolk, and coconut milk. The batter is spread thinly onto a grill and the layers are stacked atop one another. Bebinca may be garnished with nutmeg or slivered almonds.

See also

Pudvei
Koswad
Monti Fest
Bandra Fest
Feni (Goa)
Bombay Sapphire
Sanna (dish)
Tropical Storm Bebinca

References

Foods containing coconut
Goan cuisine
Indian desserts
Indian fusion cuisine
Portuguese fusion cuisine
Puddings
Indian cuisine
Christmas food
Totternhoe Roman villa is on Church Farm, Church Road, in Totternhoe, Bedfordshire, England. No sign of it is now visible, as it has been filled in and grassed over.

The villa was excavated by the Manshead Archaeological Society under the direction of C. L. Matthews in the 1950s. It was a Roman courtyard house, 200x240 feet, with at least 14 rooms, with mosaics, hypocausts and painted wall plaster. Pottery was mainly late 4th century, but there was also some from the 2nd century. 5-6th century Saxon potsherds were also found, suggesting occupation after the villa was abandoned. Finds from the site can be seen in the Roman gallery of Stockwood Discovery Centre.

References

Further reading

Villas in Roman Britain
Archaeological sites in Bedfordshire
Scheduled monuments in Bedfordshire
Central Bedfordshire District
Ilbijerri Theatre Company, formerly Ilbijerri Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Theatre Cooperative and also known simply as Ilbijerri, styled ILBIJERRI, is an Australian theatre company based in Melbourne that creates theatre creatively controlled by Indigenous artists.

History
Ilbijerri was founded in 1990 as Ilbijerri Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Theatre Cooperative by a group of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artists galvanised to tell Indigenous stories from an Indigenous perspective. Ilbijerri, pronounced il BIDGE er ree, is a Woiwurrung language word meaning "coming together for ceremony".

Notable productions
 Stolen by Jane Harrison, commissioned in 1992 and first performed in a 1998 co-production with Playbox Theatre
 Jack Charles v The Crown, about the life of Jack Charles, which premiered in 2010 at the Melbourne Festival. Charles was nominated for a Helpmann Award for Best Male Actor in a Play for his performance in the play in 2012, and the play was also nominated for Best Direction of a Play. The show toured across Australia and internationally, and in 2014, Ilbijerri was joint winner of a Drover Award from APACA, and Ilbijerri Theatre, toured by Performing Lines, won the Helpmann Award for Best Regional Touring Production. and in the same year
 Beautiful One Day, a theatrical documentary about events on Palm Island (co-produced with Belvoir and version 1.0), which also played at London's Southbank Centre as part of the 2015 Origins Festival of First Nations 
Coranderrk: We Will Show the Country, is a verbatim theatre work based on historical events at Coranderrk, a former Aboriginal reserve in Victoria. Giordano Nanni and Yorta Yorta/Kurnai playwright Andrea James wrote the play, and it was co-produced with La Mama Theatre, in collaboration with the University of Melbourne. It was performed at the Playhouse at Sydney Opera House in June/July 2012.
 Coranderrk, a recreation of the 1881 Coranderrk inquiry, was co-produced with Belvoir Theatre in 2017.

Ilbijerri has given tanderrum performances to open recent Melbourne Festivals. It also creates and tours works for educational and community audiences.

See also
Indigenous theatre in Australia

References

External links 
 

Theatre companies in Australia
Indigenous Australian theatre
1990 establishments in Australia
Theatre in Melbourne