Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Mark Howard Beers (April 24, 1954 – February 28, 2009) was an American geriatrician whose research on drug interactions among the elderly led to the creation of the eponymous Beers criteria, which lists prescription medications that may have deleterious side effects in older patients.

Biography
Born in Brooklyn, New York, Beers graduated from Tufts University and was awarded a degree in medicine in 1982 from the University of Vermont College of Medicine, and then performed his postgraduate medical training at Harvard University and Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City. He was appointed to the faculty of the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1987 as assistant professor of medicine and also served at the RAND Corporation from 1989 to 1992 as a senior natural scientist.

Beers criteria 
Beers led a team from Harvard University that studied 850 residents of Boston-area nursing homes, looking at the medications they were prescribed and their case histories. The research, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1988, found that many had symptoms of mental confusion and tremors associated with use of antidepressants, antipsychotics and sedatives that they had been prescribed.

Using this research as a foundation, Beers prepared a list in 1991 called Beers criteria that specifies several groups of medications that can cause harm in elderly patients, such as antihistamines and muscle relaxants, with the list updated again in 2003. Medical professionals use this list in selecting medications for their patients though the list has never been clinically validated, and a 2007 study showed that Beers criteria medications caused low numbers of and few risks for emergency department visits for adverse events.

Merck Manuals
Beers was named as associate editor of Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, a reference book for medical professionals published by Merck & Co., and co-edited The Merck Manual of Geriatrics. He edited the 2003 edition of the Merck Manual of Medical Information: Home Edition, which was designed for use by laypeople. In a review in The New York Times, Jane Brody said the book "could well be the most useful of all" of the plethora of medical guides aimed at the general public.

His performance deteriorated over years due to vascular dementia attributable to diabetes and he resigned as editor in chief of The Merck Manuals in 2006 due to disability.

Personal life
Beers was diagnosed with diabetes as a child. Both of his legs were amputated in the 1990s, after which he served as a volunteer counselor for amputees at Philadelphia's Magee Rehabilitation Hospital.

Beers had lived in Miami Beach and Fire Island, New York. He died at age 54 on February 28, 2009, in Miami Beach, Florida, due to complications of diabetes and was survived by his husband, Stephen K. Urice, as well as by his mother and a sister.

References

1954 births
2009 deaths
American geriatricians
People from Fire Island, New York
Physicians from Miami
LGBT physicians
20th-century American LGBT people
2,2'-Dipyrromethene, often called just dipyrromethene or dipyrrin, is a chemical compound with formula  whose skeleton can be described as two pyrrole rings  connected by a methyne bridge =CH– through their nitrogen-adjacent (position-2) carbons; the remaining bonds being satisfied by hydrogen atoms. It is an unstable compound that is readily attacked by nucleophilic compounds above −40 °C.

2,2'-Dipyrromethene and its more stable and easily prepared derivatives—formally obtained by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by other functional groups—are important precursors for the family of BODIPY fluorescent dies.  The derivatives include salts of the dipyrrinato anion  and of the cation .

Preparation
2,2'-Dipyrromethene and its derivatives can be  obtained from suitable pyrrole derivatives by several methods.

The unsubstituted compound can be prepared by oxidation of 2,2'-dipyrrolemethane with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) at −78 °C in dry dichloromethane solution.  An alternative synthesis that avoids the oxidation step is the condensation of 2-formyl pyrrole and pyrrole catalyzed by trifluoroacetic acid, followed by deprotonation with N,N-diisopropylethylamine.

More generally, one starts with a pyrrole with suitable substituents at positions 3, 4, or 5 (but not 2).  Condensation of two such molecules at their 2 positions with a bridging compound gives the corresponding 2,2'-dipyrromethane. The condensation may use, for example, the Knorr pyrrole synthesis, with an aromatic aldehyde in the presence of TFA.  The dipyrromethane core is then oxidized to dipyrromethene using a quinone oxidant such as DDQ or p-chloranil.

Alternatively, one may use an activated carboxylic acid derivative, usually an acyl chloride. As another possibility, one may condense a substituted pyrroles with a 2-acylpyrrole; this route allows the synthesis of unsymmetrical dipyrromethenes.

Reactions
Dipyrrin is unstable above −40 °C.  However, its acts as a base, and its chloride [] [] is sufficiently stable in solution.

The so-called BODIPY dyes can be obtained by reacting 2,2'-dipyrromethene or its derivatives with boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex (·) in the presence of triethylamine or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU).

Dipyrrin and its derivatives for coordination complexes with transition metals.  For example, the derivative anion 5-phenyl dipirrinato (pdp) forms the neutral iron(III) complex  (dark green monoclinic crystals, soluble in benzene, orange solution in dichloromethane), where the  ion is coordinated to six nitrogen atoms of the dipyrrin cores in distorted octahedral geometry.  A similar cobalt(III) complex has also been reported, as well as a complex with copper(II)

References

pyrroles
Forest Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at Lyons Falls in Lewis County, New York. It was built in 1894 and is a one-story, brown stained, eclectic, pitched roof building with a front-facing gable, a unique square bell tower with flared eaves, and a porte cochere. The church is in the Shingle Style with Gothic elements.  Also on the property is the two story, American Foursquare manse, dated to 1902, and a 19th-century barn.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

References

Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Presbyterian churches in New York (state)
Gothic Revival church buildings in New York (state)
Churches completed in 1894
19th-century Presbyterian church buildings in the United States
Shingle Style church buildings
Churches in Lewis County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Lewis County, New York
Shingle Style architecture in New York (state)
Borince () is a village in the municipality of Bojnik, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 45 people.
Approximately 200 years ago this village was inhabited by Albanians. A large number of them today live in Ferizaj, Gjilan, Peja and other settlements. All these Albanian families were forcibly expelled from their settlements by the Serbian occupiers.

Gallery

References

Populated places in Jablanica District
Guasopa Airport , is an airport at Guasopa on Woodlark Island, in the Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea.

History

World War II
U.S. forces captured Woodlark Island on 30 June 1943 as part of Operation Chronicle. The 60th US Naval Construction Battalion began construction on 2 July of a  coralsurfaced runway which was ready for use by 14 July. The runway was later expanded and by September measured  and by October 12 a parallel  runway was also built, together with 110 hardstands. The airfield was also known as Woodlark Airfield. The airfield was used as a stopover point and refuelling point.

RAAF:
No. 78 Squadron RAAF P-40s
USAAF:
39th Fighter Squadron operating P-39s
67th Fighter Squadron operating P-39s

See also
Naval Base Woodlark Island

References

Guasopa Airfield

Airports in Papua New Guinea
Woodlark Islands
Milne Bay Province
Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea in World War II
Airports established in 1943
1940s establishments in Papua New Guinea
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 107 (P. Oxy. 107 or P. Oxy. I 107) is an acknowledgement of receipt of a will, sent in regard to its revocation.  It is written in Greek and was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written on 27 February 123. Currently it is housed in the Egyptian Museum (Cat. Gen. 10006) in Cairo.

Description 
The document consists of an acknowledgement, addressed to Horion, clerk of the agoranomeion (ἀγορανομεῖον), of the receipt of a will made ten years before, which the testator now wished to revoke. The measurements of the fragment are 338 by 130 mm.

It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

See also 
 Oxyrhynchus Papyri
 Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 106
 Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 108

References 

107
2nd-century manuscripts
Egyptian Museum
Sydney Sim BEM (24 May 1920 – 17 August 1990) was an Australian recipient of the British Empire Medal, the decoration awarded to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. Nicknamed "Signalman Sim", Sydney Sim was awarded the British Empire Medal for his role in facilitating and building - at considerable personal risk - hidden radios at the Changi Prisoner of War Camp in Singapore, during the 2nd World War.

Service at the Battle of Singapore
By early 1941 the threat of war with Japan loomed and the Australian Army began to organise its divisional strength in Australia and South East Asia in response. The 8th Australian Division was in development at this time and became part of the Australian preparation for war with Japan. Due to his engineering expertise Sydney Sim was placed into the 8th Division with the rank of signalman.

Service at the Changi Prisoner of War Camp

British Empire Medal Award

References

External links

1920 births
1990 deaths
Australian Army soldiers
Australian prisoners of war
Recipients of the British Empire Medal
World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
Australian Army personnel of World War II
The UK Singles Chart is a weekly record chart which for most of its history was based on single sales from Sunday to Saturday in the United Kingdom. Since July 2014 it has also incorporated streaming data, and from 10 July 2015 has been based on a Friday to Thursday week. As of 13 January 2023, 1407 singles have reached number one. The chart was founded in 1952 by Percy Dickins of New Musical Express (NME), who telephoned 20 record stores to ask what their top 10 highest-selling singles were. Dickins aggregated the results into a top 12 hit parade, which was topped by "Here in My Heart" by Al Martino. NMEs chart was published each week in its eponymous magazine.

The sources, in accordance with the official canon of the Official Charts Company, are the New Musical Express chart from 1952 to 1960; the Record Retailer chart from 1960 to 1969; and the Official UK Singles Chart from 1969 onwards.

Turnover of number ones
The calendar year that has featured the most UK number ones is 2000, which featured 42 singles reaching the top spot; the year with the fewest number ones is 1952 with 1, followed by 2016 with 10. The act that has achieved the most number ones is American entertainer Elvis Presley, who has topped the chart 21 times – Presley's second number one, "Jailhouse Rock", was the first single ever to debut at the top of the chart. The most successful band are The Beatles, who have achieved 17 number ones on the chart. The Beatles' first chart-topper, "From Me to You", reached number one in May 1963.

In the 1970s, the required number of sales needed to top the chart was roughly 150,000. During 1992, when few releases were reaching number one, sales of CD singles were low: songs needed to sell only 60–70,000 each week to remain at the top. In 2000, when turnover of number ones was high, tracks could often sell between 100,000 and 200,000 copies in a single week. UK chart commentator James Masterton remarked in 2003: "When record sales are high, public interest in a song expires very quickly and this creates a need for ever more new product to take its place." Sales figures improved in 2008 and continued into the early 2010s, peaking in 2013, before declining over the next few years as audio streaming became popular. Eventually, streaming was incorporated into the sales chart.

Number ones in each year

See also
List of NME number-one singles of the 1970s – the original chart source continued to independently compile a chart
List of NME number-one singles of the 1980s – the original chart source continued to independently compile a chart

References

External links
Official UK Singles Top 100 at the Official Charts Company
The Official UK Top 40 Albums Chart at BBC Radio 1
UK number 1 chart singles since 1952
was a private university in Matsusaka, Mie, Japan, established in 1982. Formerly known as Matsusaka University, the school adopted the present name in 2005. Discountined in 2013.

History
The Mie Chukyo University opened as Matsusaka University in 1982 as the first university in Mie Prefecture specialising in social sciences. The Departments of Political Economy, Political Science, and Economics were established. A Teacher Training Department was established in 1987, and a master's degree graduate program for the School of Political Science was established in 1997. This was expanded into a doctoral program in 1999.
The school changed its name to Mie Chukyo University in 2005. The school closed its Teacher Training Department in 2007 and closed its Junior College in March 2011.

Organization
Four-year program
 Faculty of Law and Contemporary Economics 
 Department of Modern Law and Economics
Graduate program
Graduate School of Policy Science ( MSc, PhD )

External links
 Official website 

Educational institutions established in 1982
Educational institutions disestablished in 2013
Universities and colleges in Mie Prefecture
1982 establishments in Japan
Defunct private universities and colleges in Japan
Matsusaka, Mie
2013 disestablishments in Japan
The cerebellothalamic tract or the tractus cerebellothalamicus, is part of the superior cerebellar peduncle.  It originates in the cerebellar nuclei, crosses completely in the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle, bypasses the red nucleus, and terminates in posterior division of ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus. The ventrolateral nucleus has different divisions and distinct connections, mostly with frontal and parietal lobes. The primary motor cortex and premotor cortex get information from the ventrolateral nucleus projections originating in the interposed nucleus and dentate nuclei. Other dentate nucleus projections via thalamic pathway transmit information to prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex. The cerebellum sends thalamocortical projections and in addition may also send connections from the thalamus to association areas serving cognitive and affective functions.

It is mostly separated from the pallidothalamic tracts.

It can play a role in mediating symptoms in hereditary dystonia.

The term "cerebellothalamocortical pathway" is used to indicate termination in the cerebral cortex.

Function 
The cerebellothalamic tract transmits information from the cerebellum to the thalamus via neural impulses for the sensory systems.

Motor adaptation is primarily a function of the cerebellothalamic fiber pathway. The cerebellum oversees modification of routine motor programs in response to changes in the environment (e.g. walking uphill versus walking on a flat surface). It is experimentally shown that prolonged motor adaptation, such as walking over a period of weeks while wearing an ankle cast, is accompanied by long-term potentiation of cerebellothalamic synapses, thereby facilitating the influence of the cerebellum on the motor cortex.

Clinical significance 
Lesions in cerebrocerebellum, which receives input exclusively from the cerebral cortex and projects its output to premotor and motor cortices, result in impairments in highly skilled sequences of learned movements, for instance, playing a musical instrument.

Lesions may also result in problems with planning movements and ipsilateral incoordination, especially of the upper limb and to faulty phonation and articulation.

Pathological interaction between cerebellothalamic tract and basal ganglia may be the explanation for the resting tremor in Parkinson's disease.

See also
 Dentatothalamic tract

References

Thalamic connections
Cerebellar connections
Carey Frederick Knyvett  (1885–1967) was the 2nd Bishop of Selby.

Knyvett was educated at Rugby and Trinity College, Oxford. He was ordained in 1912. His first post was as Curate at Petworth. Subsequently, he was Chaplain to the Bishop of Sheffield and married the Bishop’s only daughter, Molly, in 1918.  He was interviewed for a commission as a Temporary Chaplain to the Forces in May 1916.  He served in a Casualty Clearing Station from June to September and then was attached to 48 Infantry Brigade during the Battle of the Somme.  In 1918 he wrote an account of his experiences there, and kept a diary of his involvement in the British retreat of March–April 1918.  These documents recount his feelings of being gassed, wounded and standing close to men killed by shellfire, and of praise for his preaching.  Knyvett was twice mentioned in despatches, transferred to the RAF in May 1918, was awarded the OBE and was demobilised in 1919. He was appointed Vicar of Benwell and Archdeacon of Northampton and he ascended to the episcopate in 1941, a post he held until retirement 21 years later.  He died in 1967, and the Archbishop of York wrote of him:

"His erect, almost soldierly, figure and his smiling face were for many years part of what went to the make-up of our life in York."

Notes

1885 births
People educated at Rugby School
Alumni of Trinity College, Oxford
Archdeacons of Northampton
Bishops of Selby
20th-century Church of England bishops
1967 deaths
The  is a railway museum in Ōme, Tokyo, Japan. It opened in 1962, and is operated by the East Japan Railway Culture Foundation, a foundation established by East Japan Railway Company.

Exhibits
Seven steam locomotives, one electric locomotive and one 0 Series Shinkansen EMU car are on display. (as of July 2023)

 Shinkansen car 22-75 was repainted into Tohoku ivory/green livery for short period in late 1980s.
 JNR Class C51 steam locomotive No. C51 5 was also preserved here until it was moved to the Railway Museum in Saitama, Saitama.
 JGR Class 110 steam locomotive No. 110 was also sectioned and put on display here, until its sectioned part was restored was moved to CIAL Sakuragichō Station in June 2020.

Access
The museum is located 15 minutes walk from Ome Station on the Ome Line.

Address
2-155 Katsunuma, Ōme, Tokyo

References

External links

 
 List of engines

Museums established in 1962
Museums in Tokyo
Railway museums in Japan
Open-air museums in Japan
1962 establishments in Japan
Ōme, Tokyo
East Japan Railway Company
Wolf Walter Franz von Igel (11 January 1888 – 17 May 1970)  was an accused spy from 1916.  He was an aide to spy Franz von Papen.

Biography
In 1916, Wolf von Igel was indicted by Hudson Snowden Marshall, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, on charges of spying. Under his direction, Dr. Walter T. Scheele, Captain von Kleist, Captain Wolpert of the Atlas Steamship Company, and Captain Rode of the Hamburg-American Line manufactured incendiary bombs to be used for sabotage. Igel claimed diplomatic immunity.

References

Diplomatic immunity and protection
World War I spies for Germany
1888 births
1970 deaths
Nicholas Potyn (died 1398) was an English politician.

Life
Potyn was the son of MP John Potyn of Rochester, Kent.  He married a woman named Alice.  The heir to his manors in Kent was his only daughter, Juliana (d.1417), whose second husband was Thomas St. Leger, a younger son of Sir Ralph St. Leger.

He was buried at the chapel of Holy Trinity at St. Dunstan-in -the-East. St Dunstan-in-the-East was a Church of England parish church on St Dunstan's Hill, halfway between London Bridge and the Tower of London in the City of London. The church was largely destroyed in the Second World War and the ruins are now a public garden.

Career
He was controller of customs for London from 1375 to 1377 and JP for Kent from 1394 until his death.

Potyn was MP for Kent in 1391, 1393 and January 1397, and was appointed Sheriff of Kent for 1398, dying in office.

Death
His heir was his daughter, Juliana.

References

Year of birth missing
1398 deaths
People from Rochester, Kent
14th-century births
English MPs 1391
High Sheriffs of Kent
English MPs 1393
English MPs January 1397
One Fell Swoop is an album by saxophonist Steve Lacy's Quartet featuring Charles Tyler which was recorded in Paris in 1986 and released on the Swedish Silkheart label.

Reception 

The Penguin Guide to Jazz states: "There are signs on One Fell Swoop that he is looking back and rerunning some ideas from his own bottom drawer, reviving that Dixieland counterpoint which had tended to get unravelled and spun out at unrecognisable length in more recent years. The title track (two performances) and 'Ode to Lady Day' are splendid performances." In his review on AllMusic, Scott Yanow states: "The inside/outside music rewards repeated listenings, and the Lacy/Tyler match-up, helped by their contrasting but complementary styles, works quite well".

Track listing 
All compositions by Steve Lacy except where noted.
 "One Fell Swoop" [Take 2] – 7:52	
 "Ode to Lady Day" (Charles Tyler) – 7:34	
 "Wickets" – 9:46	
 "Keepsake" – 8:44	
 "The Adventures Of" (Tyler) – 7:17	
 "Friday the 13th" (Thelonious Monk) – 4:53	
 "One Fell Swoop" [Take 1] – 7:07 Bonus track on CD

Personnel 
Steve Lacy – soprano saxophone; lays out on "Ode to Lady Day"
Charles Tyler – baritone saxophone, alto saxophone
Jean-Jacques Avenel – bass
Oliver Johnson – drums

References 

Steve Lacy (saxophonist) albums
1987 albums
Silkheart Records albums
Nancy Cooper is an American journalist and news executive serving as the global editor-in-chief of Newsweek magazine.

She previously served as deputy executive producer on The Takeaway, a public radio show produced by WNYC, and as an editor at MSNBC.com. She joined International Business Times in 2014 and moved to Newsweek in 2018 as editor.

Newsweek 

An email Cooper sent to her staff was featured in a Columbia Journalism Review article, with the subject line “What is a Newsweek story?”  The email contained four requirements for any story published on Newsweek.com. One, it must contain original reporting. Two, it must provide a unique angle or new information. Three, the reader must care about it. And four, the news must be news. CJR said, based on interviews with Newsweek reporters, they were not given enough time to complete these requirements, given that Cooper mandates that they write four stories per day, with a clear emphasis on getting clicks.

In a response, Copper disagreed with the general conclusions of the article.

In an Axios 2022 article in response to Newsweek's ownership issues and associated lawsuits, Cooper said, "The lawsuit has nothing to do with me. That's the technical truth and the emotional truth too ... What the guys fight out on Mount Olympus — not my problem." The lawsuit is the latest in a series of ethics issues that have plagued the company for years, including: Journalists were fired for their attempt to cover investigations into the company in 2018, prompting a series of public resignations; Newsweek's parent company was caught buying fraudulent traffic to boost ad sales that same year; It was reported that the outlet incentivized reporters to write clickbait stories for traffic gains.

References 

American women journalists
Women magazine editors
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American magazine editors
Newsweek people
21st-century American women