Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Marc Christopher Valdes (born December 20, 1971) is a former American professional baseball pitcher and current pitching coach for the St. Lucie Mets. He played for the Florida Marlins, Montreal Expos, Houston Astros and Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB), and the Hanshin Tigers and Chunichi Dragons of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) .

Career

Amateur career
Valdes was born in Dayton, Ohio.  He attended Jesuit High School in Tampa, Florida, and played for the Tampa Jesuit Tigers high school baseball team. He graduated in 1990.

He received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida, where he played for coach Joe Arnold's Florida Gators baseball team from 1991 to 1993.

Playing career
He played all or part of six seasons from - for the Florida Marlins, Montreal Expos, Houston Astros, and Atlanta Braves. He also played three seasons in Japan from - for the Hanshin Tigers and Chunichi Dragons.

Coaching career
From -, Valdes was the pitching coach for the Rookie-level Kingsport Mets. On February 3, , he was named the pitching coach for the Single-A Savannah Sand Gnats. He was the pitching coach for the Binghamton Mets before becoming the current pitching coach for the St. Lucie Mets.

See also 

 Florida Gators
 List of Florida Gators baseball players

References

External links

1971 births
Living people
American expatriate baseball players in Canada
American expatriate baseball players in Japan
Atlanta Braves players
Baseball coaches from Ohio
Baseball players from Dayton, Ohio
Brooklyn Cyclones coaches
Charlotte Knights players
Chunichi Dragons players
Columbus Clippers players
Durham Bulls players
Elmira Pioneers players
Florida Gators baseball players
Florida Marlins players
Hanshin Tigers players
Houston Astros players
Jesuit High School (Tampa) alumni
Kane County Cougars players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Montreal Expos players
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Orlando Rays players
Portland Sea Dogs players
Richmond Braves players
Trenton Thunder players
Mattig's formula was an important formula in observational cosmology and extragalactic astronomy which gives relation between radial coordinate and redshift of a given source. It depends on the cosmological model being used and is used to calculate luminosity distance in terms of redshift.

It assumes zero dark energy, and is therefore no longer applicable in modern cosmological models such as the Lambda-CDM model, (which require a numerical integration to get the distance-redshift relation).  However, Mattig's formula was of considerable historical importance as the first analytic formula for the distance-redshift relationship for arbitrary matter density, and this spurred significant research in the 1960s and 1970s attempting to measure this relation.

Without dark energy
Derived by W. Mattig in a 1958 paper, the mathematical formulation of the relation is,

Where,  is the radial coordinate distance (proper distance at present) of the source from the observer while  is the proper distance and  is the comoving distance.
  is the deceleration parameter while  is the density of matter in the universe at present.
  is scale factor at present time while  is scale factor at any other time.
  is Hubble's constant at present and
  is as usual the redshift.

This equation is only valid if . When  the value of  cannot be calculated. That follows from the fact that the derivation assumes no cosmological constant and, with no cosmological constant,  is never negative.

From the radial coordinate we can calculate luminosity distance using the following formula,

 

When  we get another expression for luminosity distance using Taylor expansion,

 

But in 1977 Terrell devised a formula which is valid for all ,

References

Observational cosmology
The 2014–15 Croatian Ice Hockey League season was the 24th season of the Croatian Ice Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Croatia. KHL Medveščak Zagreb II won the championship by defeating KHL Mladost Zagreb in the final. Many KHL players from Medveščak's top team joined the second team for the playoffs.

Regular season

Playoffs

Semifinals 

KHL Mladost Zagreb - KHL Sisak 2:0
25:2 (3:1, 14:0, 8:1) 	
23:3 (8:0, 7:1, 8:2)
KHL Zagreb - KHL Medveščak Zagreb II 0:2 
3:4 OT (2:0, 1:0, 0:3, 0:1)
1:10 (0:3, 0:4, 1:3)

Final 

 KHL Mladost Zagreb - KHL Medveščak Zagreb II 0:3
 2:7 (1:1, 1:4, 0:2) 
 5:6 (1:4, 1:2, 3:0)
 3:10 (2:3, 0:2, 1:5)

References

External links
Results on eurohockey.com

Cro
Croatian Ice Hockey League seasons
1
Alfie Bates (born 3 May 2001) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Brackley Town.

Career
Bates was born in  Coventry and joined the Academy at Coventry City at the age of seven after leaving Coundon Court Juniors. He went on to endure a difficult start to his career, losing his mother to cancer in 2013 and then being released by Birmingham City at the age of 15. He signed for Walsall in March 2017 and scored on his youth-team debut against Morecambe, before featuring in 28 under-18 and six Development Squad matches during the 2017–18 season. He made his first-team debut for the "Saddlers" on 9 October 2018, in a 3–1 victory over Middlesbrough U21 in an EFL Trophy group stage match at the Bescot Stadium.

On 23 February 2022, Bates joined Veikkausliiga club SJK on a long-term deal. In December 2022, he terminated his contract in order to return to England. On 12 January 2023, Bates joined National League North side Brackley Town.

Career statistics

References

2001 births
Living people
Footballers from Coventry
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Coventry City F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Seinäjoen Jalkapallokerho players
English Football League players
English expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Finland
English expatriate sportspeople in Finland
Veikkausliiga players
Ykkönen players
SJK Akatemia players
Brackley Town F.C. players
Rehema is 2017 Ugandan film directed by Allan Manzi based upon a screenplay by Usama Mukwaya starring Juliet Zansaanze, Raymond Rushabiro and Ismael Ssesanga. The film premiered at the 38th Durban International Film Festival in South Africa. It held a special screening at the 4th Edition of the Euro-Uganda Film Festival on 17 June 2018 courtesy of the British Council.

Plot 
Rehema (Juliet Zansaanze) is in love with Sula (Ismael Ssesanga) but secretively her uncle (Raymond Rushabiro) and grandfather are plotting to marry her to someone else older because of his money. She powerfully rejects the marriage but an accident happens while fighting with her uncle and he dies leaving her imprisoned for Murder. Rehema now has to face the force of law while she fights for justice and her dreams.

Cast 
 Juliet Zansaanze as Rehema
 Raymond Rushabiro as Hakim
 Ismael Ssesanga as Sula
 Eddy Mulindwa as Mzee
 Allen Musumba as Friend
 Veronica Nakayo as Counsel

Production
Principal photography on Rehema began early 2016.

Awards

Won
 2017: Best Short Film, Uganda Film Festival

Nominated
 2017: Best Short Film, 7th Pearl International Film Festival
 2018: Best Short Film, Amakula International Film Festival
 2018: Best Short Film, Viewer's Choice Movie Awards
 2018: Costume Design, Viewer's Choice Movie Awards
 2018: Best Actress, Viewer's Choice Movie Awards
 2018: Best Short Film, Nador Cinema Festival

References

External links 
 
 Official Facebook

Ugandan short films
Films shot in Uganda
Films produced by Usama Mukwaya
Films with screenplays by Usama Mukwaya
O Studios Entertainment films
Ugandan drama films
NATS is an open-source messaging system (sometimes called message-oriented middleware). The NATS server is written in the Go programming language. Client libraries to interface with the server are available for dozens of major programming languages. The core design principles of NATS are performance, scalability, and ease of use. The acronym NATS stands for Neural Autonomic Transport System.

Synadia develops and provides support for NATS. NATS was originally developed by Derek Collison as the messaging control plane for Cloud Foundry and was written in Ruby. NATS was later ported to Go.

The source code is released under the Apache 2.0 License. NATS consists of:
 The NATS Server - The core Publish-Subscribe Server for NATS.
 Client libraries for a variety of programming languages
 A connector framework - a pluggable Java based framework to connect NATS and other services. NATS is a CNCF project with Kubernetes and Prometheus (software) integration.

Microservices frameworks such as Micro, Mainflux, and Hemera rely on NATS as their messaging backbone.

The NATS server is often referred to as either 'Core NATS' or NATS with 'JetStream'.
'Core NATS' is the set of core NATS functionalities and qualities of service.
'JetStream' is the (optionally enabled) built-in persistence layer that adds streaming, queues, at-least-once and exactly-once delivery guarantees, historical data replay, decoupled flow-control and key/value store functionalities to Core NATS. JetStream replaced the old STAN (NATS Streaming) approach.

Example

Below is a sample connection string from a telnet connection to the demo.nats.io site:

Trying 107.170.221.32...
Connected to demo.nats.io.
Escape character is '^]'.
INFO {"server_id":"NC5BFXEYWVQUHQQMG7FVARRY3AYVOKP7H2FIUI2ZTH55Z5FWHWJ2LOXY","server_name":"us-south-nats-demo","version":"2.9.21","proto":1,"git_commit":"b2e7725","go":"go1.19.12","host":"0.0.0.0","port":4222,"headers":true,"tls_available":true,"max_payload":1048576,"jetstream":true,"client_id":17956,"client_ip":"2603:8080:1e40:11f7:3905:9ee0:52a9:f605","nonce":"pDFeXYuEf5AhmEg"}

References

See also 
 Prometheus nats exporter

Further reading
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Free software programmed in Go
Message-oriented middleware
Cloud infrastructure
Free software for cloud computing
Service-oriented architecture-related products
Enterprise application integration
Free software
The Ardre () is a fifth order river in France which flows into the Vesle (left tributary) thence into the Aisne, Oise and Seine. It is  long.

Geography 
The river lies to the west of Reims and flows on bearing of about 310° from the Parc Régional de la Montagne de Reims to enter the Vesle at Fismes.

It rises at an altitude of about  and descends over a course of , to about  in Fismes. It is crossed by the Paris to Reims motorway, A4/E50 about halfway along the river's length.

Its geology is comparable with that of the lower Thames valley and south Hampshire. Though the chalk of the Champagne plateau is not far away, towards Reims, the immediate surroundings are of middle Eocene but the river has cut down into lower Eocene clay deposits like those at Chichester. Consequently, the landscape is much more wooded than that typical of Champagne.

Hydrology 

The Ardre's flow was observed during a period of 37 years (1969–2005), at Fismes, in the département of Marne situated at its confluence with the Vesle. The catchment area of the river is .

The mean of the annual flow rates or module, at Fismes over this period was shown to be 1,56 m³ per second.

The seasonal fluctuations are small, at least, when compared with the typical French water course. The higher flows occur in the winter to spring period, taking the monthly flow rates to between 1,95 and 2,54 m³ per second, from December to April with a slight peak in February. The low flows occur in late summer and early autumn, from July to October. This gives a low in the mean monthly flow rate of 0,68-0,70 m³ in August and September.

At the point of lowest mean flow, in the case of a drought to be expected statistically once in five years, which is not serious, the VCN3.

Unlike the Vesle, in the Ardre peaks in flow can be quite great. This arises from the small mean flow and the small catchment area. The QIX 10  is 17 m³ per second, the QIX 20, 21 m³, while the QIX 50 is 25 m³ per second. (The mean monthly flow in the wettest month of the year is 2,54 m³ per second.)

The greatest momentary flow recorded at Fismes during the period of evaluation was 28,6 m³ per second on the 26 March 1988, while the maximum daily flow was 22,5 m³ per second, on the same day. Comparing the former value with the QUIX scale for the river, this flow was greater than the 60 year maximum calculated from the QUIX 50, therefore exceptional.

Fisheries 
The Ardre is a water of the first category down to the bridge at Faverolles-et-Coëmy, in other words, it is fished primarily for salmonids such as brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Below the bridge, it becomes a second category river, offering principally cyprinids (white fish).

History 
The Ardre became a footnote in British military history as the river down the valley of which the British 51st and 62nd Divisions, with attached New Zealanders, fought in cooperation with French V Army forces on each flank and with Italian artillery support, in July 1918, during the Second Battle of the Aisne.

References

Rivers of France
Rivers of Marne (department)
Rivers of Grand Est
Articles which contain graphical timelines
The Mumford–Shah functional is a functional that is used to establish an optimality criterion for segmenting an image into sub-regions. An image is modeled as a piecewise-smooth function. The functional penalizes the distance between the model and the input image, the lack of smoothness of the model within the sub-regions, and the length of the boundaries of the sub-regions. By minimizing the functional one may compute the best image segmentation. The functional was proposed by mathematicians David Mumford and Jayant Shah in 1989.

Definition of the Mumford–Shah functional 
Consider an image I with a domain of definition D, call J the image's model, and call B the boundaries that are associated with the model: the Mumford–Shah functional E[ J,B ] is defined as

Optimization of the functional may be achieved by approximating it with another functional, as proposed by Ambrosio and Tortorelli.

Minimization of the functional

Ambrosio–Tortorelli limit 
Ambrosio and Tortorelli showed that Mumford–Shah functional E[ J,B ] can be obtained as the limit of a family of energy functionals E[ J,z,ε ] where the boundary B is replaced by continuous function z whose magnitude indicates the presence of a boundary. Their analysis show that the Mumford–Shah functional has a well-defined minimum. It also yields an algorithm for estimating the minimum.

The functionals they define have the following form:

where ε > 0 is a (small) parameter and ϕ(z) is a potential function. Two typical choices for ϕ(z) are

 This choice associates the edge set B with the set of points z such that ϕ1(z) ≈ 0
 This choice associates the edge set B with the set of points z such that ϕ2(z) ≈ 1/4

The non-trivial step in their deduction is the proof that, as  , the last two terms of the energy function (i.e. the last integral term of the energy functional) converge to the edge set integral ∫Bds.

The energy functional E[ J,z,ε ] can be minimized by gradient descent methods, assuring the convergence to a local minimum.

Ambrosio, Fusco, and Hutchinson, established a result to give an optimal estimate of the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set of minimizers of the Mumford-Shah energy.

Minimization by splitting into one-dimensional problems 

The Mumford-Shah functional can be split into coupled one-dimensional subproblems.
The subproblems are solved exactly by dynamic programming.

See also
Bounded variation
Caccioppoli set
Digital image processing
Luigi Ambrosio

Notes

References

Image segmentation
The Plaza on DeWitt was completed in 1966 as a residential apartment building at 260 E. Chestnut Street in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago. Originally called the DeWitt-Chestnut Apartment Building, and designed by Bangladeshi-Pakistani engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan while he was working for Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, it was the first building in the world to implement the tubular construction method later used for the World Trade Center. The 43-story tower accommodates 407 residences and is the tallest building in Chicago to be clad in travertine marble. It was converted to condominiums in 1975. On the ground floor, a French bistro, Le Petit Paris, formerly Zaven's, serves traditional French cuisine.

In 2002, a fire on the 14th floor killed one and injured 11, and on December 10, 2009 another fire, on the 36th floor, also killed one person and injured 12 people. About one third of the Chicago Fire Department's equipment, with about 300 firefighters, responded to the 2009 fire.

External links
Official Plaza on DeWitt Site
Emporis.com

References 

Bangladeshi inventions
Residential skyscrapers in Chicago
Residential condominiums in Chicago
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill buildings
1966 establishments in Illinois
Residential buildings completed in 1966
Fazlur Khan buildings
Dushu (, Reading in Chinese) is a monthly Chinese literary magazine which has great influence on Chinese intellectuals. It is based in Beijing.

History
The journal was first published in April 1979 with its lead article entitled "No Forbidden Zone in Reading." The first editor came from the Commercial Press in Beijing, before moving into the hands of Fan Yong of Sanlian Press the next year. Sanlian was also the press which published the periodical. Articles introduced many ideas from modern Western philosophy (e.g. Nietzsche, Heidegger, Cassirer, Marcuse, Sartre, and Freud) as well as post-colonial theories such as Orientalism. Circulation rose from 50,000 to 80,000 in the first five or six years. However, during these early years until as late as 1988, there was much secrecy around who edited Dushu aside from it being established by a number of "publishers."

In 1996, Wang Hui and Huang Ping became executive editors. The magazine has tended to raise issues not previously discussed and carries a wide range of political opinions, including the views of Chinese liberals, the Chinese New Left, and generally anti-neoliberal views. In 2007, the CCP propaganda department ordered the publisher to dismiss Wang and Huang, a decision that weakened the New Left in China.

References

1979 establishments in China
Chinese intellectual publications
Chinese-language magazines
Chinese New Left
Literary magazines published in China
Magazines established in 1979
Magazines published in Beijing
Monthly magazines published in China
Erjiecaris Is an extinct genus of bivalved Cambrian arthropod, known from the Chengjiang Biota of Yunnan, China. It is only known from a single species Erjiecaris minisculo. Around  long, It has an unusual flattened head-shield, with an elongate body with at least 19 segments and a forked tail similar to Waptia. Unlike most bivalved arthropods, its simple, unstalked eyes are placed on top of the headshield. It was likely a nektobenthic (swimming above ocean floor) deposit feeder. The relationship of Erjiecaris to other arthropods was considered uncertain in its original description. A later study suggested it was a member of Hymenocarina.

References 

Cambrian arthropods
Fossil taxa described in 2014
Cambrian genera
Lushan railway station is a railway station located in the Chaisang District of Jiujiang, in Jiangxi province, eastern China.

It serves the Beijing–Kowloon railway and Nanchang–Jiujiang intercity railway. It is the southern terminus of the Hefei–Jiujiang high-speed railway.

History 
Work on a west-facing station began in September 2020. The new building was opened on 28 April 2022.

References 

Jiujiang
Railway stations in Jiangxi
Railway stations in China opened in 1910
Stations on the Beijing–Kowloon Railway
Alexander Roy MacGregor Grier (usually known as Roy M. Grier; 8 May 1877 - 1 February 1940) was an eminent Anglican priest and schoolmaster in the first half of the 20th century.

Born in 1877, Grier was educated at Denstone College and the University of Oxford, where he read history. From university Grier became a schoolmaster at Worksop College in 1900 and was ordained in 1903. He became headmaster of Worksop in 1905 and carried out a large and expensive building programme, including the construction of a new chapel. Between 1915 and 1919 he was headmaster of Bloxham School, successfully guiding the school through the First World War. He then became headmaster of his old school (1919-31) before becoming the Rural Dean of Switzerland in 1931. Grier then worked as Provost of St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth from 1936 to 1940, when he died.

His son Anthony MacGregor Grier was born on 12 April 1911.

References

1877 births
1940 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
English Anglo-Catholics
20th-century English Anglican priests
Schoolteachers from Staffordshire
Headmasters of Bloxham School
People educated at Denstone College
Provosts of St Ninian's Cathedral, Perth
Anglo-Catholic clergy
Melanorosaurus (meaning "Black Mountain Lizard", from the Greek melas/, "black", oros/, "mountain" + /, "lizard") is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period. A herbivore from South Africa, it had a large body and sturdy limbs, suggesting it moved about on all fours. Its limb bones were massive and heavy like the limb bones of true sauropods.

Description 

Melanorosaurus had a skull which measured approximately 250 mm. The snout was somewhat pointed, and the skull was somewhat triangular when seen from above or below. The premaxilla had four teeth on each side, a characteristic of primitive sauropodomorphs. The maxilla had 19 teeth on each side of the jaw.

Melanorosaurus was around  long, with a weight of .

Discovery and species 
 
The type specimens, syntypes SAM 3449 and SAM 3450, were discovered, described and named in 1924 by Sidney H. Haughton.  They were collected from the Triassic Lower Elliot Formation, dating to the early Norian, on the north slope of the Thaba 'Nyama (Black Mountain) in Transkei, South Africa. The first complete skull referred to Melanorosaurus, NM QR3314, was described in 2007. However, this specimen comes from the Upper Elliot, unlike the Melanorosaurus type material and NM QR1551, rendering its referral to the genus untenable.

Melanorosaurus thabanensis was named in 1993 by Gauffre, based on holotype MNHN LES-16, a femur found in the Upper Triassic lower Elliot Formation. However, a recent review of the material demonstrated that the femur, along with six other bones, can't be referred to the genus Melanorosaurus, and a new combination (Meroktenos thabanensis) was created.

Classification 

Melanorosaurus was once classified as a prosauropod, but Prosauropoda no longer appears to be a natural group. According to some definitions of Sauropoda, Melanorosaurus is an early sauropod. However, these definitions also take in many other former "prosauropods", and Adam Yates has proposed a definition of Sauropoda that will specifically exclude Melanorosaurus (Sauropoda as all sauropodomorphs closer to Saltasaurus than Melanorosaurus). This definition would allow Sauropoda to retain its traditional concept.

The following cladogram shows the position of Melanorosaurus within Massopoda, according to Oliver W. M. Rauhut and colleagues, 2020:

References

Bibliography 
 

Melanorosauridae
Late Triassic dinosaurs of Africa
Triassic South Africa
Fossils of South Africa
Fossil taxa described in 1924
Taxa named by Sidney H. Haughton