Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst (13 October 1679 – 11 October 1740) was, by birth, a Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst and, by marriage, a Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. She was the maternal grandmother of George III of the United Kingdom.

She was born Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst. Her father was Karl of Anhalt-Zerbst and her mother was Duchess Sophia of Saxe-Weissenfels.

Family
In 1696, Magdalena Augusta married her first cousin, Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, who had become Duke in 1691.
They had twenty children:
 Sophie (b. Gotha, 30 May 1697 – d. of smallpox, Gotha, 29 November 1703).
 Magdalena (b. Altenburg, 18 July 1698 – d. 13 November 1712).  
 Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. Gotha, 14 April 1699 – d. Gotha, 10 March 1772).
 Stillborn son (Gotha, 22 April 1700).
 Wilhelm (b. Gotha, 12 March 1701 – d. Gräfentonna, 31 May 1771), married on 8 November 1742 to Anna of Holstein-Gottorp. Their marriage was childless.
 Karl Frederick (b. Gotha, 20 September 1702 – d. [of smallpox?] Gotha, 21 November 1703)
 Stillborn daughter (b. and d. Gotha, 8 May 1703).
 Johann August (b. Gotha, 17 February 1704 – d. Stadtroda, 8 May 1767).
 Christian (b. Gotha, 27 February 1705 – d. of smallpox, Gotha, 5 March 1705).
 Christian Wilhelm (b. Gotha, 28 May 1706 – d. Stadtroda, 19 July 1748), married on 27 May 1743 to Luise Reuss of Schleiz. Their marriage was childless.
 Ludwig Ernst (b. Gotha, 28 December 1707 – d. Gotha, 13 August 1763)
 Emanuel (b. Gotha, 5 April 1709 – d. Gotha, 10 October 1710).
 Moritz (b. Altenburg, 11 May 1711 – d. Altenburg, 3 September 1777).
 Sophie (b. Altenburg, 23 August 1712 – d. Altenburg, 12 November 1712).
 Karl (b. Gotha, 17 April 1714 – d. Gotha, 10 July 1715).
 Fredericka (b. Gotha, 17 July 1715 – d. Langensalza, 12 May 1775), married on 27 November 1734 to Johann Adolf II, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels.
 Stillborn son (Gotha, 30 November 1716).
 Magdalena Sibylle (b. Gotha, 15 August 1718 – d. Gotha, 9 November 1718).
 Augusta (b. Gotha, 30 November 1719 – d. Carlton House, 8 February 1772), married on 8 May 1736 to Frederick, Prince of Wales.  They had 9 children; their second child later became King George III of Great Britain.
 Johann Adolf (b. Gotha, 18 May 1721 – d. Friedrichstanneck, 29 April 1799).

Ancestry

|-

References

Princesses of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Duchesses of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
House of Ascania
House of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
1679 births
1740 deaths
Daughters of monarchs
Mothers of monarchs
Cochlodina laminata is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.

Subspecies
 Cochlodina laminata albanica S. H. F. Jaeckel, 1956
 Cochlodina laminata grossa (Rossmässler, 1835)
 Cochlodina laminata insulana E. Gittenberger, 1967
 Cochlodina laminata laminata (Montagu, 1803)
 Cochlodina laminata nana (Möllendorff, 1873)
 Cochlodina laminata oreinos (A. J. Wagner, 1914)
 Cochlodina laminata partita (Westerlund, 1892)

Distribution
This species occurs in much of Europe, including:
 The Czech Republic
 Bulgaria
 Netherlands
 Poland
 Slovakia
 Ukraine
 Ireland
 Great Britain

Description
Like all species in the family Clausiliidae, Cochlodina laminata has a clausilium or "door". The second image shows the shape of the clausilium in this species.

The shell is brown to cherry red, nearly smooth and shiny. The parietalis is small, the columellaris is more prominent, the palatal callus is weak, the subcolumellaris is visible in an oblique view. .

The weight of the adult live snail is about 138±5 mg.

References

 Sysoev, A. V. & Schileyko, A. A. (2009). Land snails and slugs of Russia and adjacent countries. Sofia/Moskva (Pensoft). 312 pp., 142 plates

External links 
 Montagu, G. (1803). Testacea Britannica or natural history of British shells, marine, land, and fresh-water, including the most minute: Systematically arranged and embellished with figures. J. White, London, Vol. 1, xxxvii + 291 pp;; Vol. 2, pp. 293–606, pl. 1-16
Cochlodina laminata at Animalbase taxonomy,short description (including diagnosis), distribution, biology,status (threats), images

Clausiliidae
Molluscs of Europe
Gastropods described in 1803
Taxa named by George Montagu (naturalist)
Saint Benedict Abbey () is an Abbey in Saint-Benoît-du-Lac, Quebec, Canada, and was founded in 1912 by the exiled (Fontenelle Abbey) of St. Wandrille, France under Abbot Dom Joseph Pothier, liturgist and scholar who reconstituted the Gregorian chant. Father Paul Bellot was the architect 1939–41.

The new priory later became independent within the Solesmes Congregation.

Today it numbers a little more than fifty monks living under the Rule of Saint Benedict. Cloistered from the world, they are enjoined to seek God in the celebration of the liturgy of the Church, in private prayer accompanied by meditation of the Bible and in manual as well as intellectual work. They form a community under the direction of an Abbot.

External links
 Saint Benedict Abbey

Buildings and structures in Estrie
Benedictine monasteries in Canada
Catholic Church in Quebec
Tourist attractions in Estrie
The Ministry of Environment and Forestry is a Government of South Sudan institution. The incumbent minister  is  Mrs. Josephine NAPWON, while Mr.Joseph Africano Bartel serves as the Under Secretary. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry is legally ordered with the Protection and  preservation of lands and all the environment. Also to ensure sustainable utilization of the environmental resource base geared towards meeting the needs of both the contemporary and the future generations.

Location 

The headquarter of the ministry is located at  Ministry of Environment and Forestry Bilpam Road,Juba,South Sudan

Organizational structure 

Administratively, the ministry is divided into  directorates:

 Directorate of Environment 
 Directorate of Forestry

List of Ministers of Environment

References

Environment
South Sudan
Environment of South Sudan
South Sudan, Environment
2011 establishments in South Sudan
Empire Chaucer was a  cargo ship which was built in 1942 by William Pickersgill & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. She was built for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in May 1942, she had a short career, being torpedoed and sunk by  on 17 October 1942.

Description
The ship was built by William Pickersgill & Sons Ltd, Sunderland. She was launched on 18 March 1942 and completed in May 1942.

The ship was  long, with a beam of  and a depth of . She had a GRT of 5,970 and a NRT of 3,501.

The ship was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of ,  and  diameter by  stroke.

History
Empire Chaucer was built for the MoWT. She was placed under the management of W J Tatem Ltd, Cardiff. Her port of registry was Sunderland. The Code Letters BDVX and United Kingdom Official Number 169018 were allocated.

In October 1942, Empire Chaucer departed Calcutta, India bound for the United Kingdom via Durban and Cape Town, South Africa and then via Trinidad. She was carrying a cargo of 2,000 tons of pig iron and 6,500 tons of general cargo, including mail and tea.

Empire Chaucer departed Durban on 13 October bound for Cape Town. At 06:15 on 17 October, Empire Chaucer was torpedoed and sunk  south of Cape Town () by  with the loss of three crew. The remaining 46 crew and a passenger took to the lifeboats. Twelve survivors, including the Captain, were rescued by  and landed at Trinidad. Fifteen survivors spent 23 days in a lifeboat before being rescued by . They were landed at Cape Town. The remaining 20 survivors landed at Bredasdorp on 31 October. Those lost on Empire Chaucer are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial, London.

References

1942 ships
Ships built on the River Wear
Empire ships
Ministry of War Transport ships
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in October 1942
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II
World War II shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean
Carndonagh (; ) is a town on the Inishowen peninsula in County Donegal, Ireland, close to Trawbreaga Bay. It is the site of the Donagh Cross (or St. Patrick's Cross), believed to date to the 7th century. The Irish name, Carn Domhnach, means "the cairn or mound of the church".

Amenities
The town is laid out around a central square, or Diamond, and is dominated by its Romanesque Revival Catholic chapel. It is home to 6 national schools including St. Patrick's GNS and BNS, Glentogher NS, Craigtown NS, Donagh NS, St. Bridget's NS and Carndonagh Community School, formerly the largest community school in the Republic of Ireland. Carndonagh is home to a number of musicians, artists and writers and to the Inishowen Carnival Group, Carndonagh Musical Society, Brass Band, and the Inishowen Gospel Choir (both international performers).

Transport
Carndonagh railway station opened on 1 July 1907, but finally closed on 2 December 1935.

TFI Local Link, runs a number of public transport routes for the area: 952 (Carndonagh/Derry), 954 (Carndonagh/Malin Head), 955 (Buncrana/Carndonagh), 2529 (Quigley's Point/Carndonagh), 7748 (Shrove/Carndonagh) and 7749 (Redcastle/Carndonagh).

There are private coach services from the town to Derry and Dublin.

Carndonagh is on the R238, R240 and R244 regional roads.

Sport
Some of the sports clubs and organisations active within the community in Carndonagh are:
Carndonagh GAA – the local Gaelic football club which participates in the AllSportStore.com Division 4. 
Carndonagh F.C. – the local soccer club, participating in the Inishowen Football League.

People

John Pitt Kennedy (1796–1879) – engineer 
John Wallace Crawford (1847–1917) – adventurer, educator, and author
Roy Campbell (1901–1957) – South African poet, who explored the legacy of his Carndonagh ancestors in the 1952 memoir Light on a Dark Horse
Tommy Tiernan (born 1969) – comedian
Damien Faulkner (born 1977) – racing driver
Gary Doherty (born 1980) – footballer Norwich City
Keith McErlean – actor

Gallery

See also
 List of towns and villages in Ireland

References

External links
 Visit Carndonagh

Towns and villages in County Donegal
Béla Szendey (5 October 1902 – 29 October 1966) was a Hungarian rower.

Szendey was born in Budapest in 1902. He competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris with Ervin Mórich in the men's double sculls where they were eliminated in round one. He competed in single sculls and won silver medals at the 1926 European Rowing Championships in Lucerne and at the 1927 European Rowing Championships in Como. At the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, he was eliminated in the round two repêchage by David Collet from Great Britain in the single sculls event.

Szendey won gold at the 1930 European Rowing Championships in Liège in the single sculls. He teamed up with András Szendey for the 1931 European Rowing Championships in Paris and they won a silver medal in double sculls. They won a bronze medal in this boat class two years later at the 1933 European Rowing Championships in Budapest.

Szendey died on 29 October 1966 in Budapest and was interred at Farkasréti Cemetery.

References

1902 births
1966 deaths
Hungarian male rowers
Olympic rowers for Hungary
Rowers at the 1924 Summer Olympics
Rowers at the 1928 Summer Olympics
Rowers from Budapest
Burials at Farkasréti Cemetery
European Rowing Championships medalists
C. Fred Bentley,  (March 14, 1914  – April 12, 2008) was a Canadian soil scientist.

Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1939 and a Master of Science degree in 1942 from the University of Alberta. He received a Ph.D. in 1945 from the University of Minnesota.

In 1943, he joined the University of Saskatchewan as an instructor and then assistant professor of soil science. In 1946, he became an assistant professor of soil science at the University of Alberta, eventually becoming a professor.  From 1959 to 1968, he was also the dean of the Faculty of Agriculture. In 1979, he was appointed a professor emeritus.

From 1972 to 1982, he was a member and the first chairman of the governing board of ICRISAT in Hyderabad, India. From 1983 to 1987, he was chairman of the board of trustees of the International Board for Soil Research Management.

He was inducted into the Alberta Order of Excellence in 1987. In 1994, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada "for his contribution to agriculture and food production"  He was  a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

References
 
 Obituary

1914 births
2008 deaths
American emigrants to Canada
Canadian university and college faculty deans
Fellows of the Royal Society of Canada
Members of the Alberta Order of Excellence
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Cambridge, Massachusetts
American soil scientists
Canadian soil scientists
University of Alberta alumni
Academic staff of the University of Alberta
University of Minnesota alumni
Academic staff of the University of Saskatchewan
Halbzeit is a painting by the Luxembourgish artist Michel Majerus. Created in 2002, it was one of the last paintings by the artist before he died in an aviation accident, and is part of the collection of the Grand Duke Jean Museum of Modern Art (Mudam) in Luxembourg City (acquired in 2002). It is painted with acrylic paint on canvas and is 220 cm high and 200 cm wide.

Description 
The large canvas looks as if it was painted very quickly, in a gestural manner, with all-over violet streaks of paint on top of a previous work. Majerus seems to have scratched into the wet layer of purple paint in a semi-random way. The bottom right quarter of the canvas depicts two words that look like logos of consumer products found in a supermarket: thirst and juice. A blue starburst is placed between both words.

Interpretation 
In a lot of his work, Michel Majerus used elements from mass culture and popular culture, from video games and pop music to corporate language. In Halbzeit, the two depicted words or logos, thirst - juice, sound like a commercial slogan or advertisement, which immediately connects a consumer's desire ('thirst') with a product ('juice').

The title of the painting can be translated to the English term half-time, referring to the interval of time between two halves of a sports match. According to the Mudam, Michel Majerus and this work, Halbzeit, talk about the concept of time and more specifically the present era, where time is sold, commercialized and divided. The half-time in this work is the moment where an advertisement reaches its target: the consumer.

External links 

 Halbzeit with large-scale image on Europeana.eu

References 

2002 paintings
A whisper network is an informal chain of information passed privately between people, typically women. It consists of gossip about people in a community (frequently a professional community) alleged of being sexual harassers or abusers. The information is often shared between women by word of mouth or online in private communities, forums, spreadsheets, and crowd-sourced documents. The stated purpose of maintaining these lists is to warn potential victims of "people to avoid" in their industry. Whisper networks also purportedly help victims identify a common abuser and come forward together about a serial abuser. 

The term "whisper network" was newly popularized during the #MeToo movement after several private lists were published outside of private networks. Among the published lists were the Shitty Media Men list, the California State Capitol list, and the Harvey Weinstein Google doc. Karen Kelsky created a less controversial list about men in academia called "Sexual Harassment In the Academy: A Crowdsourced Survey" which had grown to over 2000 entries by the end of 2017. It includes stories without actually naming the accusing and accused parties. Kelsky said she hoped the list would help demonstrate the scope of sexual misconduct in the academic field, and it has resulted in the investigation of twelve men at the University of Michigan.

Alternatives 
Publishing whisper networks to the public has been widely criticized for spreading unsubstantiated rumors that can damage reputations. However, there continues to be debate on the best alternatives for women who have been punished or ignored by official channels to warn other women. It has been noted that certain vulnerable groups, such as young women and women of color, rarely get access to these private lists. As a result, these groups rarely receive any protection from whisper networks unless they are published. The main problem with trying to protect more potential victims by publishing whisper networks is determining the best mechanism to verify allegations. Some suggestions have included strengthening unions in vulnerable industries so workers can report directly to the union, maintaining industry hotlines which have the power to trigger third-party investigations, and creating public systems that allow anonymous reporting with the ability to connect victims who report the same perpetrator. Several apps have been developed which offer various ways for women to report sexual misconduct, and some of these apps have the ability to connect victims with each other. Sex workers regularly share “bad date lists” and St. James Infirmary Clinic (which offers health and safety services for sex workers) created a “Bad Date” app that allows sex workers to anonymously log incidents and warn other sex workers about clients who have threatened, extorted, robbed, or been violent.

See also
 Whispering campaign

References 

Social information processing
Social influence
Social systems
Sexual misconduct allegations
Tammiste may refer to several places in Estonia:

Tammiste, Pärnu County, village in Tori Parish, Pärnu County
Tammiste, Tartu County, village in Elva Parish, Tartu County
Clavilithes is an extinct genus of fossil sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Fasciolariidae, the tulip snails and spindle snails.

This genus lived from the Paleocene to Pliocene, in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America.

References

Further reading 
 Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward (Page 129)

Fasciolariidae
Gastropod genera
Paleocene gastropods
Eocene gastropods
Oligocene gastropods
Miocene gastropods
Pliocene gastropods
Cenozoic animals of Africa
Cenozoic animals of Asia
Cenozoic animals of Europe
Prehistoric gastropods of North America
Cenozoic animals of South America
Paleocene first appearances
Pliocene extinctions
Newtown Historic District is a national historic district located at Staunton, Virginia. The district encompasses 414 contributing buildings and 2 contributing sites in a primarily residential section of Staunton.  The district includes some late 18th- and early 19th-century structures, but most of the homes were built between 1870 and 1920 during Staunton's boom years.  The buildings range from Jeffersonian Neo-Classical and Greek Revival to bungalows of the 1920s.   Notable buildings include Stuart Hall's Cochran House (1858), Robertson House (1886), the Smith Thompson House (c. 1792), and the George M. Cochran House (1851, c. 1915). The magnificent grounds of Thornrose Cemetery are also included in the district.  Located in the district are the separately listed Stuart Hall School, Stuart House, and Trinity Episcopal Church.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Neoclassical architecture in Virginia
Greek Revival architecture in Virginia
Buildings and structures in Staunton, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Staunton, Virginia
"Step" is a song by American indie rock band Vampire Weekend. Written and composed by band members Ezra Koenig and Rostam Batmanglij and produced by Ariel Rechtshaid and Batmanglij, the song was released as the fourth and final single from the band's third studio album Modern Vampires of the City. The song was inspired by American hip hop group Souls of Mischief's song "Step to My Girl".

Composition
The lyrics and other elements of "Step" were inspired by the song "Step to My Girl" which was recorded as a demo by the Oakland-based hip-hop group Souls of Mischief. The hip-hop group was contacted by Vampire Weekend's legal team to sample and use one of the lines from "Step to My Girl". One of the members of Vampire Weekend also spoke directly to Souls of Mischief about the song's sample.

When Souls of Mischief member Tajai finally heard "Step" after it was completed, he expressed his approval stating that "it was so good; I was just happy we were able to be part of that." Impressed with the song's outcome, Souls of Mischief are contemplating on doing a collaboration with Vampire Weekend.

The Souls of Mischief's song ,"Step to My Girl", samples Grover Washington Jr.'s saxophone cover of Bread's 1973 single, "Aubrey". This is why David Gates, founder of Bread and songwriter of "Aubrey", is credited as a songwriter of "Step".

Release
"Step" was initially released as a double A-side single with "Diane Young" on March 18, 2013, with both songs being promoted as the lead singles taken from the band's third studio album Modern Vampires of the City. "Step" premiered with "Diane Young" on Zane Lowe's BBC Radio 1 show in the UK.

Remix
Vampire Weekend composed a remix of "Step", featuring guest verses from American rappers Danny Brown, Heems and Despot. The remix was released December 31, 2013.

Commercial performance
"Step" peaked at number 35 on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart. The single also reached number 170 in France. It also peaked at number 54 on the Ultratip charts in the Flanders region of Belgium.

Critical reception
"Step" is widely regarded as one of the band's best songs. Paste and Far Out ranked the song number four and number eight, respectively, on their lists of the greatest Vampire Weekend songs.

Music video
The lyric video to "Step" was uploaded on March 18, 2013 on YouTube and VEVO. The background of the video shows various shots of New York City with the lyrics being shown over the top.

Personnel
Vampire Weekend
 Chris Baio – bass
 Rostam Batmanglij – piano, guitars, banjo, vocal harmonies and backing vocals, drum and synth programming, keyboards, shaker
 Ezra Koenig – lead vocals
 Chris Tomson – drums

Technical
 Rich Costey – mixing
 Chris Kasych – mix assistance, Pro Tools engineering
 Eric Isip – assistance
 Emily Lazar – mastering
 Joe LaPorta – mastering

Charts

Certifications

Notes

References

2014 singles
2013 songs
XL Recordings singles
Songs written by Ariel Rechtshaid
Vampire Weekend songs
Songs written by Rostam Batmanglij
Song recordings produced by Ariel Rechtshaid
Songs written by David Gates
Baptiste Pierron (born 8 August 1993) is a French downhill mountain biker. In 2019, he won the European Downhill Championships in Pampilhosa da Serra, Portugal. His younger brother Amaury also competes in downhill racing.

References

External links

Living people
Downhill mountain bikers
1993 births
French male cyclists
French mountain bikers
Canaries Sometimes Sing is a comedy play by the British writer Frederick Lonsdale that was first staged in 1929 at the Globe Theatre in the West End. It represented the breakthrough role as a solo performer of the French comedienne Yvonne Arnaud.

Film adaptation
In 1931 it was adapted into the British film Canaries Sometimes Sing directed by and starring Tom Walls along with Yvonne Arnaud and Cathleen Nesbitt.

References

Bibliography
 Chambers, Colin. Continuum Companion to Twentieth Century Theatre. A&C Black, 2006.
 Donaldson, Frances. Freddy Lonsdale. Bloomsbury Publishing,  2011.
 Nicoll, Alardyce. English Drama, 1900-1930: The Beginnings of the Modern Period. Part I. Cambridge University Press, 1973.

Plays by Frederick Lonsdale
1929 plays
British plays adapted into films
West End plays
Lukashin (; formerly, Imeni Mikoyana), is a village in the Armavir Province of Armenia. 

It is named after Sargis Lukashin (1883-1937), President of the Armenian Council of People's Commissars.

See also 
Armavir Province

References 

World Gazetteer: Armenia – World-Gazetteer.com

Populated places in Armavir Province
Yazidi populated places in Armenia