Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Gadifer de La Salle (Sainte-Radegonde, 1340 –1415) was a French knight and crusader of Poitevine origin who, with Jean de Béthencourt, conquered and explored the Canary Islands for the Kingdom of Castile.

Life
Gadifer de La Salle was born about 1350 into a family of minor nobility in Poitou. His father, Ferrand de La Salle. Gadifer served first under Philip I, Duke of Burgundy, and later as a member of the household of the Duke of Berry.
 
Gadifer had won renown in the French campaigns against England during the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453). In 1378 the duke of Berry financed his travel to Prussia to take part in a crusading venture of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia. He served with Hospitallers in Rhodes, and was part of a delegation sent by Louis I, Duke of Anjou to the Republic of Venice. Their galleys were seized by the Republic of Ragusa, and it is likely that Louis paid Gadifer's ransom.

In 1390 during the Barbary Crusade in North Africa he was under the command of the Duke of Bourbon at the siege of Mahdia. The expedition had been organized by the Genoese to deal with a pirate stronghold.

While there he met Jean de Béthencourt, whom he had known previously during service under the Duke of Orleans. Bethencourt later pledged his domain to finance their expedition to the Canary Islands.  Gadifer de La Salle joined Béthencourt at La Rochelle.

Accompanying the expedition were Brother Pierre Bontier, a Franciscan friar of Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes who later officiated at Lanzarote, and Jean le Verrier, a priest who was later installed at Fuerteventura as vicar in the chapel of Our Lady of Bethencourt.  Bontier and Le Verrier served as historians of the expedition.

In 1402 they conquered Lanzarote, the northernmost inhabited island, from the local guanche chieftains. Gadifer then explored the archipelago, and Béthencourt left for Cádiz, where he was given reinforcements and financial support at the Castilian court. At this time a power struggle had broken out on the island between Gadifer and Berthin, another officer. Berthin wished to abandon the conquest and return with a cargo of slaves. While Gadifer was exploring another island, Berthin departed with almost all of the ships leaving Gadifer for dead. Gadifer and his men spent about a week on the island surviving from dew gathered on their blankets. Eventually a soldier still loyal to Gadifer brought one of the remaining ships to rescue them. In 1403, after a resupply ship sent by Béthencourt arrived, Gadifer was able to complete the conquest of the islands and root out the disloyal Castilians. In early 1404 the native population converted to Christianity, later that same year Béthencourt himself returned. De la Salle and Béthencourt founded the city of Betancuria in 1404.

Béthencourt had become king of the Canaries (a title granted by Henry III of Castile in exchange for Béthencourt's respect). Gadifer, who felt insulted, left the Canaries and appealed for redress at the court of Castile. When this appeal proved to be unsuccessful, he returned to France.

References 

1340 births
1415 deaths
French explorers
History of the Canary Islands
is a former Japanese football player.

Club career
Sugiyama was born in Fujieda on May 17, 1960. After graduating from Tokyo University of Agriculture, he joined Japan Soccer League club Nissan Motors in 1983. He played as regular player from first season and the club won the champions 1983 and 1985 Emperor's Cup. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for 2 years in a row. The club also won the champions 1990 JSL Cup. He moved to Division 2 club Sumitomo Metal (later Kashima Antlers) in 1991. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. The club won the 2nd place 1993 J1 League and 1993 Emperor's Cup. He moved to Japan Football League club Kyoto Purple Sanga in 1994. In 1995, although his opportunity to play decreased, the club won the 2nd place and was promoted to J1 League. He retired end of 1996 season.

National team career
In August 1979, when Sugiyama was a Tokyo University of Agriculture student, he was selected Japan U-20 national team for 1995 World Youth Championship. But he did not play in the match.

Club statistics

References

External links

Profile at awx.jp

1960 births
Living people
Tokyo University of Agriculture alumni
Association football people from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
Japan Soccer League players
J1 League players
Japan Football League (1992–1998) players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Kashima Antlers players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Men's association football defenders
People from Fujieda, Shizuoka
Pedicinus hamadryas is a species of sucking louse. Its typical host is the baboon .

References 

Lice
Parasites of primates
Insects described in 1910
BC Card Cup World Baduk Championship was an international Go competition sponsored by South Korea's BC Card. The precursor to this tournament was South Korea's BC Card Cup. The BC Card Cup World Baduk Championship was an annual competition, and was first held in 2009. The tournament was discontinued after four editions.

Player selection 
The players were picked as follows:

 3 players from 
 2 players from 
 2 players from 
 1 player from 
 2 wild-card players named by Hanguk Kiwon
 54 preliminary tournament winners

Format 
The format was a single knockout with 6.5 points' komi. The time limit was 2 hour thinking time (from 2010), and the winner's purse was 300,000,000 Won ($268,000). In 2010 Gu Li was the defending champion, but lost in the round of 16 to An Choyoung by half a point with black, while leading in territory throughout the entire match. Lee Sedol and Chang Hao were the 2010 finalists. Lee held a 2–0 lead heading to the break on 26 April. The match resumed on the 27th. Lee was the victor, to win his 11th World Championship, and also his 23rd consecutive win after coming out of retirement. Chang had been seeking his fourth World Championship.

The 2012 Championship featured 2 Dark Horse Finalists. Whilst The first finalist Dang Yifei was able to take out very tough competition throughout the latter stages of the competition, building on momentum that he gained by defeating Defending Champion Lee Sedol in the Round of 32, the second finalist and eventual champion Paek Hongsuk had a much more difficult path, having remained as one of the few remaining Korean players in the Round of 16, and the only player after the Quarterfinals, after Pak Yeong-hun was defeated by Dang Yifei. A couple of close 1.5 point wins against tough Chinese opposition, and then playing a semi-final that was labelled as "a crafty fox", forcing Hu Yaoyu, who was on the last remaining 1-minute Byoyomi, to look for attacking moves on a seemingly safe dragon of White's. The game seemed very tame, and was definitely heading towards an endgame where there was a lot of "hidden" territory for both sides.

The Final was played from 12 May to the 16th, and for the 2nd time in Four Championships, the Champion won by the fourth game. Paek Hongsuk was able to Snap Dang Yifei's 19 game International win-streak, and then win 2 more games with both the black stones and white stones respectively to win the Championship.

Past winners and runners-up

See also

References

External links 
 BC Card Cup at Go Game Guru

International Go competitions
The crescent shiner (Luxilus cerasinus) is a freshwater ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae, the carps and minnows. It occurs in the James, Roanoke, Chowan, New, and the extreme upper Cape Fear River drainages in Virginia and North Carolina. Its preferred habitat is rocky and sandy pools and runs of headwaters, creeks and small rivers.

References

http://fl.biology.usgs.gov/Southeastern_Aquatic_Fauna/Freshwater_Fishes/Fish_Biographies_1/fish_biographies_1.html

Luxilus
Freshwater fish of the United States
Fish described in 1868
Taxa named by Edward Drinker Cope
The Sweet Josephine is a  pink diamond that was sold at a Christie's auction in Geneva in November 2015 for $28.5 million, a record price for a jewel of its kind and one that exceeded its estimated price of $23-28 million.

The diamond, which had been owned by an American family for 15 years prior to its 2015 sale, is the largest cushion-shaped diamond classified by the Gemological Institute of America as "fancy vivid" ever to be sold at auction, regardless of color, and it is one of only three "fancy" pink diamonds weighing more than 10 carats to be sold in the previous 250 years.

The diamond was sold to Hong Kong billionaire Joseph Lau, a convicted felon and fugitive, who named it the "Sweet Josephine" diamond for his seven-year-old daughter, Josephine. On the day following its sale, Lau spent a record $48.4 million to purchase a blue diamond auctioned by Sotheby's that he then named, again for his daughter, the Blue Moon of Josephine Diamond.

See also
 List of diamonds

References

Diamonds originating in South Africa
Pink diamonds
Individual diamonds
The Saudi Basketball League (SBL) is a professional basketball league in Saudi Arabia. It was established in 1976.

Current clubs

Past champions

References

External links
Saudi Arabia basketball at Asia-Basket.com
Official Saudi Basketball Federation website 
Saudi Premier League at goalzz.com
Past league champions at goalzz.com

League
Basketball leagues in Asia
Sports leagues established in 1977
1977 establishments in Saudi Arabia
basketball
Tenebrionini is a tribe of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae. There are at least 20 genera in Tenebrionini.

Genera
These genera belong to the tribe Tenebrionini:

 Ariarathus Fairmaire, 1891  (the Palearctic and Indomalaya)
 Athrodactyla Klug, 1833  (tropical Africa)
 Bius Dejean, 1834  (North America and the Palearctic)
 Bouchardandrus Steiner, 2016  (North America)
 Bremerus Ferrer, 2004  (tropical Africa)
 Cedrosius Fairmaire, 1902  (tropical Africa)
 Falsocalcar Pic, 1925  (tropical Africa)
 Gridellia Kammerer, 2006  (tropical Africa)
 Hipalmus Bates, 1870  (the Neotropics)
 Idiobates Casey, 1891  (North America)
 Microzophobas Pic, 1944  (the Neotropics)
 Neatus Leconte, 1862  (North America and the Palearctic)
 Neozophobas Ferrer, 2006  (the Neotropics)
 Paratoxicum Champion, 1894  (Australasia)
 Phanerops Solier, 1851  (the Neotropics)
 Rhinandrus Leconte, 1866  (North America and the Neotropics)
 Satanocalcar Pic, 1925  (tropical Africa)
 Tenebrio Linnaeus, 1758 (mealworm beetles)  (North America, the Palearctic, Indomalaya, Australasia, and Oceania)
 Trichotenebrio Ardoin, 1962  (tropical Africa)
 Zophobas Dejean, 1834  (North America, the Neotropics, and tropical Africa)

References

Further reading

 
 

Tenebrioninae
Taxa named by Pierre André Latreille
The 2021 Columbus Challenger was a professional challenger level tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the men's tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour and the first edition of the women's event, that was part of 2021 WTA 125K series. It took place in Columbus, United States between 20 and 26 September 2021.

Champions

Men's singles

  Stefan Kozlov def.  Max Purcell 4–6, 6–2, 6–4.

Women's singles

  Nuria Párrizas Díaz def.  Wang Xinyu, 7–6(7–2), 6–3

Men's doubles

 Stefan Kozlov /  Peter Polansky def.  Andrew Lutschaunig /  James Trotter 7–5, 7–6(7–5).

Women's doubles

  Wang Xinyu /  Zheng Saisai def.  Dalila Jakupović /  Nuria Párrizas Díaz, 6–1, 6–1

ATP singles main draw entrants

Seeds

 1 Rankings are as of September 13, 2021.

Other entrants
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as wildcards:
  Cannon Kingsley
  James Tracy
  Matěj Vocel

The following players received entry into the singles main draw as alternates:
  Nick Chappell
  Dayne Kelly

The following players received entry into the singles main draw from the qualifying draw:
  Gijs Brouwer
  Chung Yun-seong
  Evan King
  Aleksandar Kovacevic

The following players received entry as lucky losers:
  Alexis Galarneau
  Shintaro Mochizuki

WTA singles main draw entrants

Seeds

 1 Rankings are as of September 13, 2021.

Other entrants
The following players received entry into the singles main draw as wildcards:
  Elsa Jacquemot
  Elvina Kalieva
  Katrina Scott
  Peyton Stearns

The following player was accepted directly into the main draw using a protected or a special ranking: 
  Liang En-shuo

The following players received entry into the singles main draw from the qualifying draw:
  Louisa Chirico
  Alexa Glatch
  Priscilla Hon
  Danielle Lao

The following player received entry into the singles main draw as a lucky loser:
  Dalila Jakupović

Withdrawals
Before the tournament
  Marie Bouzková → replaced by  Beatriz Haddad Maia
  Christina McHale → replaced by  Kurumi Nara
  Caty McNally → replaced by  Katie Volynets
  Grace Min → replaced by  Francesca Di Lorenzo
  Anna Kalinskaya → replaced by  Dalila Jakupović
  Kateryna Kozlova → replaced by  Hailey Baptiste
  Claire Liu → replaced by  Asia Muhammad
  Emma Raducanu → replaced by  Rebecca Marino
  Donna Vekić → replaced by  Jamie Loeb

WTA doubles main draw entrants

Seeds

 Rankings are as of September 13, 2021

Other entrants
The following pairs received wildcards into the doubles main draw: 
  Luna Dormet /  Lucía Marzal Martínez 
  Elsa Jacquemot /  Eleana Yu

References

External links
 Official website

ATP Columbus Challenger
Columbus Challenger
2021 in American tennis
2021 in sports in Ohio
September 2021 sports events in the United States
The Mendenhall Valley (historically Mendenhall, colloquially The Valley) is the drainage area of the Mendenhall River in the U.S. state of Alaska.  The valley contains a series of neighborhoods, comprising the largest populated place within the corporate limits of the City and Borough of Juneau, Alaska's capital.

The valley was formed by Mendenhall Glacier over the course of roughly three thousand years. It was named for the American physicist and meteorologist Thomas Corwin Mendenhall.

The Mendenhall Valley begins ten miles from the downtown area, at the intersection of Egan Drive and Glacier Highway, and ends ten miles farther west at the intersection of Glacier Highway and Mendenhall Loop Road at Auke Bay. The Valley comprises an area stretching from the wetlands along Fritz Cove and Auke Bay back to the Mendenhall Glacier as well as Mendenhall Lake and the Mendenhall River, which for the most part drains the Valley.

The Valley forms the core of Alaska's 34th election (or state House) district, which is represented in the Alaska House of Representatives by Andi Story, a Democrat.  Along with the rest of Juneau and adjoining communities, it is part of Senate District Q, represented in the Alaska Senate by Jesse Kiehl, a Democrat.

There are four elementary schools (Auke Bay, Glacier Valley, Mendenhall River, and Riverbend), one middle school (Floyd Dryden), and one high school (Thunder Mountain) located in Mendenhall Valley. Most of Juneau's churches are located in the Valley.

Points of interest
 Adair-Kennedy Memorial Park
 Fritz Cove
 Heintzleman Ridge
 Juneau International Airport
 Mendenhall Glacier
 Mendenhall Lake
 Mendenhall Mall
 Mendenhall River
 Brotherhood Bridge
 Mendenhall Wetlands State Game Refuge
 Nugget Mall
 Diamond park
 Mendenhall Glacier Visitor Center

References

Landforms of Juneau, Alaska
Populated coastal places in Alaska on the Pacific Ocean
Populated places in Juneau, Alaska
Valleys of Alaska
The COINTELPRO Papers: Documents from the FBI's Secret Wars Against Dissent in the United States is a book by Ward Churchill and Jim Vander Wall, first published in 1990.  It is a history of the FBI's COINTELPRO efforts to disrupt dissident political organizations within the United States, and reproduces many original FBI memos.

Publication
The COINTELPRO Papers is published by South End Press.  The first edition was printed in 1990 with a foreword by John Trudell, a preface by Brian Glick, and a guide to the documents by Chip Berlet and Brian Glick.  The book is dedicated to Fred Hampton and Mark Clark.  South End Press produced the second edition in 2002, with a new preface, as part of their 'Classics Series'.  With 560 pages, it has  in hard cover, and  in paperback.

External links
 Preface by Brian Glick:  The Face of COINTELPRO 
 More excerpts can be found at:  Google Books 
 Online review (September 27, 2002) of Agents of Repression and The COINTELPRO Papers by Elizabeth Schulte at the Socialist Worker (US):  Chronicling the FBI’s history of dirty tricks 
 Publisher webpage:  The COINTELPRO Papers 

Books by Ward Churchill
1990 non-fiction books
Books about the Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Colchagua Partido was an administrative division of the Spanish Empire, within the Captaincy General of Chile. It was created in 1786 from the territory of Colchagua corregimiento and its capital was the Villa de San Fernando de Tinguiririca. The district was commanded by a partido subdelegate, who presided over the local council, or cabildo. In 1793 the partido was reorganized after the Curicó partido seceded from it.

Colchagua Partido was also a part of the Santiago Intendencia. 

It existed as an administrative district until the 1820s, when Chile declared independence from Spain. The partido was not included in the Constitution of 1823 and its territory went on to become the Colchagua Delegation of Chile.

References 
 Vicente Carvallo Goyeneche. Descripción Histórico Geografía del Reino de Chile precedida de una biografía del autor por don Miguel L. Amunátegui. Tomos III En: Colección de Historiadores de Chile y documentos relativos a la Historia Nacional. Tomo X. Santiago de Chile. 1875 

Partidos of Chile
1786 establishments in the Captaincy General of Chile
1823 disestablishments in Chile
States and territories established in 1786
States and territories disestablished in 1823
This is a list of football clubs in Finland.

League listings

 Championship - Veikkausliiga
 Division 1 - Ykkönen
 Division 2 - Kakkonen
 Division 3 - Kolmonen 
 Division 4 - Nelonen  
 Division 5 - Vitonen
 Division 6 - Kutonen
 Division 7 - Seiska

Alphabetical listings 

Contents: A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  Å  Ä  Ö

X 

No entries.

Footnotes

References 

X
Sayyid Khalifa I bin Said al-Busaidi, GCMG,  (or Chalîfe) (1852 – 13 February 1890) () was the third Sultan of Zanzibar. He ruled Zanzibar from 26 March 1888 to 13 February 1890 and was succeeded by his brother, Ali bin Said.

Life
In 1870 his elder brother and predecessor Barghash bin Said had him imprisoned for the (alleged) entanglement in a coup attempt. According to their sister Emily Ruete, Barghash did not release Khalifah before one of their sisters prepared to set out for a pilgrimage for Mecca, and "he did not want to bring down upon himself a curse pronounced in the Holy City of the Prophet. But his sister did not pardon him before he had set free the innocent Chalîfe."

Emily Ruete wrote in 1886:

According to Ruete, Barghash continued to spy on Khalifah and his friends. She notes one instance where Barghash apparently willfully ruined a wealthy chief and friend of  Khalifah, so that Khalifah would be deprived of support from rich chiefs. He became Sultan upon the sudden death of his brother during the protracted negotiations with the German East Africa Company. Unlike his brother, he gave in to lease the Tanganyika coast of mainland East Africa to the Germans, which immediately led to the Abushiri Revolt.

Sayyid Khalifa I was appointed an Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the United Kingdom's Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George on 18 December 1889.

Honours
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG)-1888

Footnotes

References
Ruete, Emily, Ulrich Haarmann (Editor), E. Van Donzel (Editor), Leiden, Netherlands, (1992): An Arabian Princess Between Two Worlds: Memoirs, Letters Home, Sequels to the Memoirs, Syrian Customs and Usages.  

Al Said dynasty
1852 births
1890 deaths
Khalifah bin Said Al-Busaid
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Zanzibari royalty
19th-century Arab people
19th-century Omani people
Stupendous Mountain is a  mountain summit located in British Columbia, Canada.

Description

Stupendous Mountain, also known as Mount Stupendous, is situated in the Coast Mountains, towering above the south side of Bella Coola Valley. Stupendous is set  east of Bella Coola and  northwest of Vancouver. Precipitation runoff and glacier meltwater from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Bella Coola River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,540 meters (8,333 feet) above the river in four kilometers (2.5 miles). The peak can be seen from Highway 20.

History

Stupendous Mountain was described by Sir Alexander Mackenzie on 17 July 1793: "Before us appeared a stupendous mountain, whose snow-clad summit was lost in the clouds." A 1947 map confined the name Stupendous Mountain to the higher southern peak (2,697 m) on the massif; at the same time the northern peak was adopted as Table Mountain. The landform's toponym was officially adopted as "Stupendous Mountain" on November 1, 1979, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada and was shifted to the lower northern peak, while the name "Table Mountain" was rescinded. The mountain's Native American name is Chil-a-thlum-dinky.

The first ascent of the summit was made in 1937 by Don Munday, Phyllis Munday and their sixteen-year-old daughter, Edith.

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Stupendous Mountain is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Coast Mountains where they are forced upward by the range (Orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall. As a result, the Coast Mountains experience high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports a small glacier on the northeast slope.

See also
 
 Geography of British Columbia

Gallery

References

External links
 Weather forecast: Stupendous Mountain

Pacific Ranges
Two-thousanders of British Columbia
Range 3 Coast Land District
Coast Mountains
Bella Coola Valley