Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Lucky Sifiso Gabela (born 31 May 1968) is a South African politician from KwaZulu-Natal. He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2006 before defecting to the Congress of the People (COPE) ahead of the 2009 general election. Although he represented COPE in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature from 2009 to 2014, he returned to the ANC in 2014.

Early life and activism 
Born on 31 May 1968, Gabela was active in anti-apartheid politics in Umlazi during his youth.

Post-apartheid political career

African National Congress 
He represented the ANC in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature during the latter part of the 23rd Parliament, and in 2004 he was elected to a seat in the National Assembly. However, he resigned from his seat on 15 May 2006 and was replaced by Wilson Ngcobo. He went on to serve as an advisor to former KwaZulu-Natal Premier S'bu Ndebele.

Congress of the People 
Ahead of the 2009 general election, Gabela defected from the ANC to COPE, a newly formed breakaway party. He was announced as the party's candidate for election as Premier of KwaZulu-Natal. Though he was not elected as Premier in 2009, he became COPE's sole representative in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature. 

After a single term in the legislature, and ahead of the 2014 general election, Gabela announced on 30 April 2014 that he would not seek re-election with COPE but would instead return to the ANC. The press linked his decision to his closeness with the faction of COPE led by Mbhazima Shilowa, which was losing its battle with Mosiuoa Lekota's faction. Gabela said of his decision:I have decided to return to the ANC after seeing that there was no peace in COPE. I am not seeking any position and I have not been promised anything. Today I am correcting the mistake I made when I joined COPE, not knowing that I was putting myself into a dictatorship.

References 

Living people
1968 births
African National Congress politicians
Congress of the People (South African political party) politicians
21st-century South African politicians
20th-century South African politicians
Members of the National Assembly of South Africa
Members of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The 2009–10 Stanbic Bank 20 Series was a Twenty20 cricket competition held in Zimbabwe from 12–20 February 2010. It was won by the Mountaineers, who defeated the Mashonaland Eagles in the final by nine wickets.

The competition consisted of a round-robin group stage, followed directly by the final and third-place play-off.  The Mashonaland Eagles topped the group stage, winning four of their five games, and faced the second-placed team, the Mountaineers in the final.  The third-place play-off was contested between the teams finishing third and fourth in the group, the Desert Vipers and the Matabeleland Tuskers, both of which had won two matches, lost two, and had a match abandoned.

The tournament was the first contesting of the Stanbic Bank 20 Series to be played following a restructure of Zimbabwean cricket that resulted in five franchises, the Mashonaland Eagles, Matabeleland Tuskers, Mid West Rhinos, Mountaineers and Southern Rocks. These five teams were joined by the Desert Vipers, a team representing Namibia. Hamilton Masakadza of the Mountaineers finished the competition with the most runs, amassing 317 at an average of 63.40, while Tony Palladino of the visiting Desert Vipers claimed the most wickets, taking 12 at an average of 9.66. Masakadza was named as player of the series, and also batsman of the series, and Palladino was chosen as bowler of the series. Masakadza scored the only century of the competition, passing 100 during the Mountaineers group match against the Southern Rocks.

Following the conclusion of the tournament, Zimbabwe Cricket declared themselves delighted, after the final drew a crowd of approximately 7,500, which was described as "the biggest for a domestic match in living memory." This turnout was significantly greater than the average attendance for cricket in the preceding years which rarely passed 1,000.

Fixtures and results

Group stage

Knockout stage

Third-place play-off

Final

References

Stan
Stanbic Bank 20 Series
Domestic cricket competitions in 2009–10
Phoenicophanta is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1910.

Species
 Phoenicophanta bicolor Barnes & McDunnough, 1916
 Phoenicophanta flavifera Hampson, 1910
 Phoenicophanta modestula Dyar, 1924

References

Acontiinae
Baptized By Fire is an American rock band from the greater New York area, formed in 2006. The band consists of Jesse Blaze Snider, Danny Wacker, Dan Carlisle, and Benjamin Clapp.

History

Band history
The band was formed in 2006 upon the foundation of Jesse Blaze Snider's band Blazed, which at the time included drummer Benjamin Clapp and bassist Dan Carlisle. Upon discovery of guitarist Danny Wacker, the band officially took on the name Baptized By Fire.

The newly named group completed their first studio recording; from which four songs were self-released in 2007 as the Juggernaut EP. Notable credits in production of the EP include production by Denny McNerney, and mastering by Bob Lanzner and Ratt's Stephen Pearcy.

Musical characteristics

Genre
The primary musical genres that comprise the sound of Baptized By Fire's music, are heavy metal and punk rock. A great deal of the song lyrics present a forcefully positive mind-set, and vociferous self-worth. As an avid fan of comic books, lyricist Jesse Blaze Snider often alludes to the colossal strength of superheroes and characters of fantasy by relating their immortality to real life scenarios.

Band name
Baptized By Fire is also known by the abbreviation "BXF", wherein the "X" replaces the word "By" as in dimensional mark-ups such as "2x4" or "8x10".

The band's name itself is considered wordplay stemmed from vocalist Jesse Blaze Snider's middle name, as much as it is a reference to the difficult process by which the band was formed. Before cementing the final line-up that would become Baptized By Fire, Jesse had spent many years auditioning and dismissing countless musicians. Further disaster shook up the beginnings of the band on August 12, 2003 when the-then drummer, Kris Dalene, was killed in an automobile accident.

Band members

Current members
 Jesse Blaze Snider - vocals
 Danny Wacker - guitar
 Dan Carlisle - bass guitar
 Benjamin Clapp - drums

Discography
 Juggernaut EP Compact Disc EP (2007)

References

External links
Official WebsiteRock music groups from New York (state)
On October 24, 2014, Alan Eustace broke the record for the highest stratosphere jump, releasing himself from a balloon at 135,908 feet.

Details  
In 2011, Eustace decided to pursue a stratosphere jump and met with Taber MacCallum, one of the founding members of Biosphere 2, to begin preparations for the project. Over the next three years, the Paragon Space Development technical team designed and redesigned many of the components of his parachute and life-support system. The Paragon team integrated systems for the Stratospheric Explorer mission code named StratEx Space Dive.

On October 24, 2014, Eustace made a jump from the stratosphere, breaking Felix Baumgartner's 2012 world record. The launch-point for his jump was from an abandoned runway in Roswell, New Mexico, where he began his gas balloon-powered ascent early that morning. He reached a reported maximum altitude of , but the final number submitted to the World Air Sports Federation was . The balloon used for the feat was manufactured by the Balloon Facility of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India. Eustace in his pressure suit hung tethered under the balloon, without the kind of capsule used by Felix Baumgartner. Eustace started his fall by using an explosive device to separate from the helium balloon.

His descent to Earth lasted 4 minutes and 27 seconds and stretched nearly  with peak speeds exceeding , setting new world records for the highest free-fall jump and total free-fall distance . However, because Eustace's jump involved a drogue parachute, while Baumgartner's did not, their vertical speed and free-fall distance records remain in different categories.

Unlike Baumgartner, Eustace, a twin-engine jet pilot, was not widely known as a daredevil prior to his jump.

Eustace's world record jump was featured in two episodes of STEM in 30, a television show geared towards middle-school students by the National Air and Space Museum.

References

Space diving
Balloons (aeronautics)
Parachuting in the United States
Christopher Coleman George (born September 16, 1979) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. He played most of his career with Kansas City Royals (2001–2004). He was a first round draft pick by the Royals in 1998.

From –, George pitched for the Florida Marlins Triple-A affiliate, the Albuquerque Isotopes. George signed with the Colorado Rockies on December 22, 2007, and was assigned to Triple-A Colorado Springs. He was released by the Rockies on June 17. Shortly after his release, George signed with the Toronto Blue Jays and was assigned to their Triple-A affiliate, the Syracuse Chiefs. He last played in 2012 with the Norfolk Tides.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Albuquerque Isotopes players
American expatriate baseball players in Mexico
Baseball players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Baseball players from Houston
Colorado Springs Sky Sox players
Diablos Rojos del México players
Gulf Coast Royals players
Kansas City Royals players
Major League Baseball pitchers
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Mexican League baseball pitchers
Norfolk Tides players
Olympic gold medalists for the United States in baseball
Omaha Golden Spikes players
Omaha Royals players
Pawtucket Red Sox players
Syracuse Chiefs players
Wichita Wranglers players
Wilmington Blue Rocks players
Klein High School alumni
Erik Kristopher Raven is an American political advisor who serves as United States under secretary of the Navy in the Biden administration.

Education 
Raven earned an Associate of Arts degree from the College of Marin, a Bachelor of Arts degree in international relations from Connecticut College, and a Master of Arts degree in international history from the London School of Economics.

Career 
Raven began his career as a legislative assistant in the office of Senator Robert Byrd. He later served as Byrd's legislative director and national security advisor. He also worked in the offices of Senators Ted Kennedy and Dianne Feinstein. In 2006, Raven became a professional staffer for the United States Senate Committee on Appropriations. He has since served as majority clerk for the Senate Defense Appropriations Subcommittee.

Biden administration
On December 13, 2021, President Joe Biden nominated Raven to be the next undersecretary of the Navy. Hearings were held by the Senate Armed Services Committee on his nomination on March 22, 2022. His nomination was favorably reported by the committee on April 5, 2022. Raven was officially confirmed by the entire Senate via voice vote on April 7, 2022. He was sworn in on April 13, 2022.

References 

|-

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
College of Marin alumni
Connecticut College alumni
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Employees of the United States Senate
United States Under Secretaries of the Navy
Biden administration personnel
He This Way, She That Way (German: Er rechts, sie links) is a 1915 German silent comedy film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Max Zilzer, Bogia Horska, Otto Treptow and Manny Ziener.

Plot 
A doctor and his wife try to resolve their marital problems by having affairs.

Cast 
 Max Zilzer – Herr Blümchen
 Manny Ziener – Frau Brandeis
 Bogia Horska – Amanda Karola
 Otto Treptow – Dr. Brandeis

References

Bibliography 
 Jung, Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.

External links 

1915 films
Films of the German Empire
German silent short films
German comedy short films
Films directed by Robert Wiene
German black-and-white films
1915 comedy films
Silent German comedy films
1910s German films
Ariel Heryanto is an Indonesian humanities scholar whose main areas of interest are cultural studies, media studies, and postcolonial studies. He is currently the Herb Feith Professor for the Study of Indonesia at Monash University, Australia and deputy director of the Monash Asia Institute. He previously served as head of the Southeast Asia Centre in the Faculty of Asian Studies at the Australia National University. He has had several lecturer positions at different universities, such as senior lecturer and head of the Indonesian Studies Program at the University of Melbourne, senior lecturer at National University of Singapore, and postgraduate lecturer at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Salatiga, Indonesia. His bachelor's degree is from Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana while his MA is in Asian studies from the University of Michigan, United States, and his PhD degree is in cultural anthropology from Monash, University.

Publications
 "Identity and Pleasure; the politics of Indonesian screen culture". Singapore: NUS Press (2014)
 "State Terrorism and Political Identity in Indonesia: Fatally Belonging". London: Routledge (2007),
 "Popular Culture in Indonesia: Fluid Identities in Post-Authoritarian Politics". London & New York: Routledge (2008), as editor.
 "Pop Culture Formations Across East Asia". Seoul: Jimoondang (2010), as co-editor.

References

External links
Open Access Archive of writings by Ariel Heryanto

Date of birth missing (living people)
Living people
University of Michigan alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Academic staff of Satya Wacana Christian University
Best Night Ever is a 2013 American found footage comedy film written and directed by Jason Friedberg and Aaron Seltzer and produced by Jason Blum, Friedberg and Seltzer. The film took place in Boston, Massachusetts and Las Vegas, Nevada.

Plot
Four young women have a series of wild and raucous adventures during a bachelorette party in Las Vegas.

Cast
 Desiree Hall as Claire
 Eddie Ritchard as Zoe
 Samantha Colburn as Leslie
 Crista Flanagan as Janet

Critical reception 
Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports a 0% approval rating based on 15 reviews, with an average rating of 2.59/10. Metacritic reports a weighted average of 17 out of 100 based on 8 critics, indicating "overwhelming dislike".

Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club called it "a joyless patience-tester so inept it doesn't even know how to cheat its own found-footage gimmick", further saying "the movie has more awkward dead space than jokes".

References

External links
 

2013 films
Found footage films
American comedy films
Films produced by Jason Blum
Blumhouse Productions films
2013 comedy films
2010s English-language films
2010s American films
S. John Hogan is a professor of Applied Mathematics and leader  of the "Applied Nonlinear Mathematics Group" in the Department of Engineering Mathematics,  University of Bristol. He is known for his work in numerous applications of non-linear dynamics including water waves liquid crystals.

Hogan is principal investigator on several large EPSRC grants, in 2008 totalling around £6M – an unusually high total for a UK mathematician. These include  the  "Bristol Centre for Complexity Sciences", the "Bristol Centre for Applied Nonlinear Mathematics", "Applied Nonlinear Mathematics: Making it Real" and

Recent publications
 2006  Impact dynamics of large dimensional systems Homer ME and Hogan SJ
 2005  Real-time dynamic sub structuring in a coupled oscillator-pendulum system Kyrychko YN, Blyuss KB, Gonzalez-Buelga A, Hogan SJ and Wagg DJ
 2005  Two-parameter nonsmooth grazing bifurcations of limit cycles: classification and open problems Kowalczyk PS, di Bernardo M, Champneys AR, Hogan SJ, Homer ME, Kuznetsov YA, Nordmark A and Piiroinen PT
 2004  Global dynamics of low immersion high-speed milling Szalai R, Stepan G and Hogan SJ

References

External links
 Page at University of Bristol

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
English mathematicians
Academics of the University of Bristol
Idiothetic literally means "self-proposition" (Greek derivation), and is used in navigation models (e.g., of a rat in a maze) to describe the use of self-motion cues, rather than allothetic, or external, cues such as landmarks, to determine position and movement. The word is sometimes also spelled "ideothetic" (e.g., Chen et al, 1994 ). Idiothetic cues include vestibular, optic flow and proprioception. Idiothetic cues are important for the type of navigation known as path integration in which subjects navigate purely using such self-motion cues. This is achieved by an animal through the signals generated by angular and linear accelerations in the course of its exploration. This information generates and updates a vector towards the starting point and an accurate path for return.

The term idiothetic is also used in robotics and in personality psychology. Idiothetic psychology of personality suggests that personality description follows idiographic principles, while personality development centres around nomothetic principles. Idiothetic-based psychological theories include James Lamiell's Critical Personalism model, George Kelly's Role Repertory Test, and the narrative approaches that focus on the impact of life stories.

See also
 Dead reckoning
 Navigation research
 Neuroscience
 Robotic mapping

References

Psychological adjustment
Mary Winslow Smyth (1873 – 1937) was an American folklorist and folksong collector of the early 20th century.

Smyth was born in Bangor, Maine on March 26, 1873. Her father was a doctor and her grandfather a professor at Bowdoin College. She was graduated from Smith College in 1895, earned her Master's degree in 1897, and her Ph.D. in English from Yale University in 1905. She was an associate professor at Elmira College, 1922–1924.

Smyths mother was from old-line Bangor stock, and she spent summers in the insular coastal hamlet of Islesford, Maine. She began collecting folksongs independently, but soon began working with fellow folklorist Fannie Hardy Eckstorm

Smyth, with Fannie Eckstorm, created the 1927 book  Minstrelsy of Maine: Folk-songs and Ballads of the Woods and the Coast. Smyth gathered folk songs from coastal areas, which constitute about half the book (Eckstorm concentrated on songs of lumberjacks and other inland people).

Smyth and Eckstorm's work came to the attention of Phillips Barry, and they invited him to collaborate. Their second book, British Ballads from Maine: The Development of Popular Songs with Texts and Airs (1929), lists Barry as an editor. While the collaboration between Smyth, Eckstorm, and Barry was fruitful and cordial, Smyth felt that Barry, although a valuable contributor, should not have been given editorial credit, and that this was done in deference to his gender and scholarly reputation.

Smyth was a successful song collector and an able researcher. She described to the Bangor Daily News the patience, persistence, and luck that she (and Eckstorm and Barry) needed in conducting fieldwork. According to Smyth, many people were surprised that anyone would be interested in their old songs, and relationships and trust had to be built over time before sources would open up. One trick Smyth employed would be to sing a song wrongly on purpose, knowing that few could maintain silence in the face of that, and would jump in with their version.

Works

Notes

References

1873 births
1937 deaths
People from Bangor, Maine
Smith College alumni
Yale University alumni
American folklorists
American women folklorists
American folk-song collectors
Shakes are cracks in timber.   Arising in cut timber they generally cause a reduction in strength.  When found in a log they can result in a significant amount of waste, when a log is converted to lumber.  Apart from heart shakes, often found in trees felled past their best, shakes in a log have no effect on the strength of shake free lumber obtained therefrom.

They are often seen in oak-framed buildings, which are constructed of oak which has not been dried and thus cracks while drying.  Due to the immense strength of the oak beams, they are not a cause for concern in a properly engineered building, and are considered part of the charm of the style.

In the majority of cases of shake, the underlying cause is a weakening of the wood due to action by anaerobic bacteria which have entered the tree stem through the root system. researchers have isolated anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria from shake surfaces, in particular the anaerobes "Clostridiu" 

Research suggests that shakes develop due to natural stresses in wood which has been weakened by bacterial degradation of the middle-lamella between cells.

Heart shake
Heart shake is a crack in the heartwood, near the centre of the tree.  It is caused by poor seasoning, or by using trees felled past maturity.

Star shake
A crack or cracks propagating from near the edge of the log towards the centre, usually along the line of the medullary rays, causing the wood to shrink more at right angles to the medullary rays than along them, causing warping of anything made from the wood. The cause is often rapid or uneven seasoning, causing the outside of the log to shrink faster than the heart.  Exposure to the elements can cause star shakes, as can frost during the growth of the tree.

Frost shake
Frost shake begins on the outside where moisture from rain or other means has penetrated, and freezes, causing damage to the wood on the inside.

Cup or ring shake
A cup or ring shake follows the line of annual rings.  The separation of the rings is generally caused during the growth of the tree, either by a check in the growth, or by bending and twisting under high winds.

Thunder shake or upset
Thunder shake is across the grain, and hard to detect until the boards are being planed.  It is caused by shock to the wood, such as thunder, or concussion during felling.  This fault seriously weakens the timber.

See also
 Dry rot
 Knots (wood)
 Wandering heart
 Wood drying

References

Carpentry