Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Aviemore (Speyside) railway station is an old station in Aviemore, Scotland that closed in July 1998. It was the main terminus on the Strathspey Railway which is still open as a heritage railway and tourist attraction. The station was built in the late 1970s from components from Dalnaspidal, a station on the Highland Main Line closed as part of the Beeching Axe.  When the Strathspey Railway was founded, British Rail refused access to Aviemore railway station and the company was forced to construct its own terminus up the line in the railway yard.

The role of the station came to an end when, in the 1990s, the Aviemore Centre came to be redeveloped.  An effort was launched to bring the village's most popular tourist attraction closer to the centre of the village.  Meanwhile, then station owner Railtrack was seeking to cover some of the maintenance backlog on its estate.  When all the parties had agreed, the redevelopment went ahead. When the refurbished main line station was opened, Aviemore Speyside fell out of regular use, though it was at first retained as a fallback in case of problems with Network Rail.

In July 2013 the station building was dismantled and transported to Inshriach House, 3 miles (5 km) to the south of Aviemore. It is planned to rebuild the station as a recording studio. The site is now used as a coal bunker.

References 

 
 
 

Disused railway stations in Highland (council area)
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1978
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1998
Railway stations built for UK heritage railways
Aviemore
Frequency of optimum transmission (FOT), in the transmission of radio waves via ionospheric reflection, is the highest effective (i.e. working) frequency that is predicted to be usable for a specified path and time for 90% of the days of the month. The FOT is normally just below the value of the maximum usable frequency (MUF). In the prediction of usable frequencies, the FOT is commonly taken as 15% below the monthly median value of the MUF for the specified time and path. 

The FOT is usually the most effective frequency for ionospheric reflection of radio waves between two specified points on Earth. 

Synonyms for this term include:
frequency of optimum traffic
optimum traffic frequency
optimum transmission frequency
optimum working frequency

See also
Lowest usable high frequency
Federal Standard 1037C 
MIL-STD-188

Radio frequency propagation
Textfiles may refer to:
Text files, computer files of text
textfiles.com, an archive of text files
Geoffrey MacKay Crain (December 15, 1930 – October 25, 1998) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Born in New York, Crain and his parents moved back to Canada when he was two years old. He played football previously at McGill University before his pro career.

References

1930 births
1998 deaths
Canadian football quarterbacks
McGill Redbirds football players
Winnipeg Blue Bombers players
Ottawa Rough Riders players
Canadian players of Canadian football
American players of Canadian football
Sportspeople from Rochester, New York
American emigrants to Canada
Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PIWIL4 gene.

Function

PIWIL4 belongs to the Argonaute family of proteins, which function in development and maintenance of germline stem cells (Sasaki et al., 2003 [PubMed 12906857]).

References

Further reading
Prípad Barnabáš Kos (The Case of Barnabáš Kos) is a 1964 Czechoslovak film directed by Peter Solan. The film starred Josef Kemr.

References

External links
 

1964 films
Czechoslovak comedy films
Slovak-language films
Slovak comedy films
Kamień (Polish for "stone") may refer to:

Places
Kamień Pomorski, a town in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (NW Poland), seat of Kamień County
Kamień Krajeński, a town in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
Kamień, Lwówek Śląski County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
Kamień, Oleśnica County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
Kamień, Wrocław County in Lower Silesian Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
Kamień, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-central Poland)
Kamień, Chełm County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
Kamień, Augustów County in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
Kamień, Hajnówka County in Podlaskie Voivodeship (north-east Poland)
Kamień, Bełchatów County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
Kamień, Brzeziny County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
Kamień, Opoczno County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
Kamień, Zgierz County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
Kamień, Łuków County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
Kamień, Opole Lubelskie County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
Kamień, Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
Kamień, Włodawa County in Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
Kamień, Subcarpathian Voivodeship (south-east Poland)
Kamień, Białobrzegi County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Kamień, Mława County in Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
Kamień, Jarocin County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Kalisz County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Koło County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Słupca County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Września County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Złotów County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
Kamień, Lubusz Voivodeship (west Poland)
Kamień, Człuchów County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Wejherowo County in Pomeranian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Iława County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Kętrzyn County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Pisz County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Węgorzewo County in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (north Poland)
Kamień, Rybnik in Silesian Voivodeship (south Poland)

Other uses
Roger Kamien (born 1934), Israeli musicologist
DZihan & Kamien, a jazz music duo based in Austria
Kamień (album), 1995 album by Polish singer Kayah

See also

Karien
Pristimantis dundeei is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in Bolivia and Brazil near its type locality, Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso. Its natural habitats are gallery forests in the Cerrado savanna. Its status is insufficiently known.

References

dundeei
Amphibians of Bolivia
Amphibians of Brazil
Amphibians described in 1999
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
was a village located in Miyoshi District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 2,114 and a density of 9.25 persons per km². The total area was 228.62 km².

On March 1, 2006, Higashiiyayama, along with the towns of Ikawa, Ikeda, Mino and Yamashiro, and the village of Nishiiyayama (all from Miyoshi District), was merged to create the city of Miyoshi.

Geography
Situated near the border with Kōchi Prefecture, it has much precipitation, mostly due to the East Asian rainy season. In the winter, there is much snowfall in this mountainous town. Mount Tsurugi, the second highest mountain in Shikoku at 1955 metres is located here.

Mountains: Mount Tsurugi, Miune
Rivers: Iya River

Surrounding municipalities
Tokushima Prefecture
Mima
Tsurugi
Mikamo
Nishiiyayama
Naka
Kōchi Prefecture
Ōtoyo
Monobe

External links

 

Dissolved municipalities of Tokushima Prefecture
Miyoshi, Tokushima
Established in 1925, while the country was under British rule, the Singapore Police Force Band (SPF Band) is the oldest band in the Republic of Singapore. Along with SPF's transformation into a modern-day Police Force, the Band has in its more than 95 years of existence.

The SPF Band is a vehicle of the SPF that supports SPF's strategic partnership with the community  through music and entertainment. It creates awareness of the SPF through public performances such as the annual National Day Parade (NDP)., Police Community Roadshows, Home Team Festivals and various collaborations with educational and charity institutions.

The Band currently consists of 78 musicians made up of regular and full-time national service officers led by the Director of Music, Superintendent of Police (1) Sulaiman Bin Abdul Wahab. On top of being dedicated musicians, the band members are also full-time police officers. 

Besides encompassing a host ensembles such as the Concert Band, Military Band, Fusion Quintet, Combo Band and Showband, the WPPD  (Women Police Pipes and Drums) was formed in 1972 and had performed in various local and overseas events including the National Day Parade.

The SPF Band currently sports the following ensembles:

Marching Band
Fanfare Trumpeters
Big Band
Combo Band
Brass Quintet
Woodwind Ensemble
Women Police Pipes and Drums (WPPD)
Fusion Ensemble (established in 2019)
SPF Duo

References

Singaporean marching bands
Police bands
Musical groups established in 1925
1925 establishments in Singapore
Grandadbob are Vanessa Robinson and Dave Johnson, from Sheffield, UK. Their music consists of electronic house, pop and trip hop. The name Grandadbob comes from Vanessa's grandfather, Robert Porter, who pronounces himself at the end of the track "Monster" on Waltzes for Weirdoes as "The real Grandad Bob". They recorded a radio session for Sheffield's Radio2XS in 2004.

Discography
Waltzes for Weirdoes (2003)
Garden of Happiness (2006)

External links
 Grandadbob on Myspace

Electronic music duos
The 2008 Myanmar Grand Royal Challenge Cup was the third edition of the Myanmar Grand Royal Challenge Cup, an annual football tournament held in Myanmar. The tournament took place from 11 November to 21 November 2008 in Yangon.

Teams

 (hosts)
 Ulsan Hyundai Reserves*
**

*: An invitee from the South Korean K League, Ulsan sent their reserve team.

**: Vietnam sent their under-23 team.

Group stage

Group A

Group B

Knockout stages

Semi-finals

Final

Winners

Goalscorers
5 goals:
   Soe Myat Min

2 goals:
  Mohd Amirul Hadi Zainal

1 goal:

  Firman Utina
  Talaohu Musafri
  Ismed Sofyan
  Indra Putra Mahayuddin
  Mohammad Hardi Jaafar
  Mohd Zaquan Adha Abdul Radzak
  Aung Kyaw Moe
  Yan Paing
  Kyaw Thiha
  Seo Sung-Hwan
  Lee Jin-Woo
  Kim Sung-Min
  Kim Cheol-Bae
  Young Seok
  Hoàng Nhật Nam

1 own goal
 Moe Win (for Indonesia)

2008
Grand Royal Challenge Cup
2008 in Malaysian football
2008 in Bangladeshi football
2008 in South Korean football
2008 in Vietnamese football
2008–09 in Indonesian football
Biotech Week is a weekly biotechnology and pharmaceutical trade magazine. The magazine was established in 1999. It is published by NewsRX. The magazine covers a broad range of medical issues and financial related information about companies in these industries. The magazine is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia.

References

External links
 
 

1999 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
English-language magazines
Magazines established in 1999
Magazines published in Atlanta
Medical magazines
Professional and trade magazines
Science and technology magazines published in the United States
Weekly magazines published in the United States
Casey Toof is an American politician. He is a Co-Chair of the Vermont Future Caucus under the Millennial Action Project. He serves as a Republican member for the Franklin-3-1 district of the Vermont House of Representatives.

Life and career 
Toof was born in St. Albans, Vermont. He attended St. Albans City Elementary School, Bellows Free Academy, and Castleton University, where he earned a degree in history and education.

In 2019, Toof was elected to represent the Franklin-3-1 district of the Vermont House of Representatives, succeeding Corey Parent. In 2022 he was elected to represent the Franklin-8 district.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
People from St. Albans, Vermont
Republican Party members of the Vermont House of Representatives
21st-century American politicians
Castleton State College alumni
What's Happening? is the fourth mini-album recorded by the South Korean boy band B1A4, which was released by WM Entertainment on May 6, 2013. The track "What's Happening?" (also known as "What's Going On?") was used as the lead single of the album. The song "What's Happening(이게 무슨 일이야) took the first rank on the ground wave in Korea, May, 2013. What's Happening is one of the songs included on the setlist of the controversial Kuala Lumpur fanmeeting in January 2015.

Track listing

Chart

References

2013 EPs
B1A4 EPs
Valmiki is a name used by a variety of communities throughout India who all claim descent from the author of the Ramayana, Valmiki. The Valmikis can be classified as a caste or Sampradaya (tradition/sect).  In the North West Punjab region, this caste had adopted Sikhism. They were given the task of engaging in war. The Indian British government recruited them in their army and declared them a martial caste. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, many valmiki were prominent freedom fighters. Notable examples include Matadin Bhangi, Gangu Mehtar, Bhura Singh Valmiki. At the present time many changes have been seen in this caste, now they incline towards politics and government high positions.

According to the 2001 Census of India, the Valmikis formed 11.2 per cent of the Scheduled Caste population in Punjab and were the second-most populous Scheduled Caste in Delhi National Capital Region.
The 2011 Census of India for Uttar Pradesh showed the Valmiki population, which was classified as a Scheduled Caste, as 1,319,241.

South India
In South India the term is mainly used as a self-identification by the Boya or Bedar caste, a traditional hunting and martial caste who are considered as Backward castes now changed by government of Andhra Pradesh into scheduled Tribes in Andhra Pradesh, Most Backward caste (MBC) in Tamil Nadu and Scheduled Tribe in Karnataka. The Valmikis are mainly concentrated in Anantapur, Kurnool and Kadapa districts of Andhra Pradesh and in Bellary, Raichur and Chitradurga districts of Karnataka, although they are spread all over the state. They also built a temple of Valmiki in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. In Andhra Pradesh they are known as Boya Valmikis or Valmikis.

Other countries
In the UK, the Council of Valmiki Sabhas UK claims to represent the Valmiki.

See also
Mazhabi Sikh
Matadin Bhangi
Madakari Nayaka
Bhai Jiwan Singh
Bhura Singh Valmiki
Gangu Baba
Sikh Light Infantry
Valmiki
Bhagwan Valmiki Tirath Sthal
Balmikism
Valmiki Ashram

References

Dalit communities
Hindu communities
Scheduled Castes of Punjab
Scheduled Castes of Uttar Pradesh
Scheduled Castes of Gujarat
Scheduled Castes of Madhya Pradesh
Scheduled Castes of Delhi
Scheduled Castes of Haryana
Scheduled Castes of Chhattisgarh
Scheduled Castes of Assam
Scheduled Castes of Jammu and Kashmir
Scheduled Castes of Bihar
Scheduled Castes of Himachal Pradesh
Scheduled Castes of Odisha
Scheduled Tribes of Andhra Pradesh
Timothy Lee Drummond (20 April 1940 – 10 January 2015) was an American musician from Canton, Illinois. Drummond's primary instrument was bass guitar and he toured and recorded with many notable artists, including Conway Twitty, Bob Dylan, James Brown, Eric Clapton, Neil Young, Crosby & Nash, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, Ry Cooder, J. J. Cale, Mother Earth, Lonnie Mack, Miles Davis, B.B. King, Joe Cocker, Albert Collins, Joe Henry, Jewel, Essra Mohawk, and many others.

Drummond co-wrote songs with many of the artists he worked with, including: "Saved" (Bob Dylan), "Who's Talking" (J.J. Cale), "Saddle Up The Palomino" (Neil Young), and "Down In Hollywood" (Ry Cooder). He is credited as the sole writer of "I Want to Lay Down Beside You" on the 1972 album Tracy Nelson/Mother Earth. He often played as part of the session rhythm duo Tim & Jim with drummer Jim Keltner.

Collaborations 
 Bring Me Home - Mother Earth (1971) 
 Naturally - J. J. Cale (1972)
 Harvest - Neil Young (1972)
 Willis Alan Ramsey - Willis Alan Ramsey (1972)
 Rock and Roll Resurrection - Ronnie Hawkins (1972)
 Time Fades Away - Neil Young (1973)
 Wild Tales - Graham Nash (1974)
 On the Beach - Neil Young (1974)
 Okie - J. J. Cale (1974)
 Giant of Rock 'n' Roll - Ronnie Hawkins (1974)
 Wind on the Water - Crosby & Nash (1975)
 Zuma - Neil Young (1975)
 Whistling Down the Wire - Crosby & Nash (1976)
 Victim of Romance - Michelle Phillips (1977)
 CSN - Crosby, Stills & Nash (1977)
 Comes a Time - Neil Young (1978)
 Slow Train Coming - Bob Dylan (1979)
 Bop till You Drop - Ry Cooder (1979)
 Earth & Sky - Graham Nash (1980)
 Hawks & Doves - Neil Young (1980)
 Borderline - Ry Cooder (1980)
 Saved - Bob Dylan (1980)
 Shot of Love - Bob Dylan (1981)
 The Slide Area - Ry Cooder (1982)
 No Frills - Bette Midler (1983)
 8 - J. J. Cale (1983)
 Building the Perfect Beast - Don Henley (1984)
 Old Ways - Neil Young (1985)
 Innocent Eyes - Graham Nash (1986)
 Oh Yes I Can - David Crosby (1989)
 Murder of Crows - Joe Henry (1989)
 Travel-Log - J. J. Cale (1990)
 Spellbound - Paula Abdul (1991)
 Lovescape - Neil Diamond (1991)
 Rush - Eric Clapton (1992)
 Number 10 - J. J. Cale (1992)
 Harvest Moon - Neil Young (1992)
 Unplugged - Neil Young (1993)
 Closer to You - J. J. Cale (1994)
 Pieces of You - Jewel (1995)

References

American rock bass guitarists
American male bass guitarists
American session musicians
2015 deaths
1940 births
American male songwriters
People from Canton, Illinois
James Brown Orchestra members
Guitarists from Los Angeles
20th-century American guitarists
Mother Earth (American band) members
The Stray Gators members
Aplin is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Perry County, Arkansas, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 100. The community is located along Arkansas Highway 60,  west-southwest of Perryville.

The Camp House, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is near the community.

Demographics

2020 census

Education
It is in the Perryville School District. Perryville High School is its zoned comprehensive high school.

References

Unincorporated communities in Perry County, Arkansas
Unincorporated communities in Arkansas
Census-designated places in Arkansas
Volvo EC (“Volvo Electric Car”) was a concept car, which was built by Volvo sometime in 1977. It was only a two seater, but with good cargo space. It was only  in length, and had the top speed of . It never entered production, perhaps because it needed ten hours of charging, for only two hours of driving.

EC
L'invasione degli Omini Verdi is an Italian punk rock band, formed in July 1999 in the province of Brescia, Lombardy. They are associated with bands like Derozer, Punkreas, Porno Riviste, Shandon and Cattive Abitudini, which play a leading role in the Italian punk rock scene.

History
The band was formed in 1999, between Mantua and Brescia. The group was made up of Maurizio (drums), Alessandro (singer), Patrick (bass) and Peco & Fano (guitars). Soon Fano left the band, and Ale started playing the guitar. The first official album, Veniamo in pace, was released in 2001.

Peco left the group during a concert tour in 2002, but they found a new guitarist, Gio, who let Ale leave the guitar and devote himself entirely to singing. The lineup has not changed since then.

Lineup
 Ale – singer
 Gio – guitarist
 Giaco – bassist
 Mauri – drummer

Discography

Albums
Demo Autoprodotto (self-produced demo) 2000
Veniamo in Pace (We come in peace) 2001
Non è un Gioco (It's not a game) 2003
Contro (Against) 2005
Mondo a parte (World Apart) 2007
Nel nome di chi? (In the name of who?) 2010
 Il banco piange (The kitty is short) 2013

Available videos
Rottami live @ Boulevard

External links
Official website
Official MySpace

Italian musical groups
Italian punk rock groups
(fl. early 14th c.) was a gokenin and simultaneously a retainer of the Hōjō clan of the Kamakura shogunate in Japan.

Background
The Chikama clan originated from Chikama, Owari Province (modern-day Minami-ku, Nagoya) and remained the ruler of Chikama as a gokenin, or vassal family of the shogunate. At some time in history, the Chikama clan became a private retainer of the Hōjō Tokusō family, which was the de facto ruler of the shogunate.   The Chikama clan moved to Kawanabe District of Satsuma Province, a property of the Tokusō family, to serve as a deputy jitō and the ruler of the district.

Domain and significance
Chikama Tokiie is known for a set of documents he created in 1306. In these documents he listed properties to be inherited by his family members, namely his three sons, two daughters and two wives. These properties were distributed among the following:
 Chikama, Owari Province,
 Kawanabe District, Satsuma Province,
 Asabata, Suruga Province, and
 Wakamori, Hitachi Province.
Kawanabe District and Wakamori were properties of the Tokusō family, and the Chikama clan served it as a deputy ruler. It is significant that the villages enumerated in the Kawanabe District were located in the Manose River valley because the Mottaimatsu Site, which is considered to have served as a major trading center, was downstream of the Manose River. Apart from the Manose River, he also owned Bōnotsu, a trading port that was connected to Hakata Bay, China and the Ryukyu Islands.

These documents include various southern islands, including some of the Ōsumi Islands, the Tokara Islands (the Seven), as well as Kikai Island, Amami Ōshima and Tokunoshima, and probably Okinoerabu of the Amami Islands. Although the Amami Islands were traditionally not considered to be part of Japan, they were treated as the territories of a Japanese lord. Another source probably making reference to this is a map of Japan stored at the Kanazawa Bunko, a library of the Hōjō clan. It depicts a land mass outside the boundary of Japan where the caption reads "龍及國宇嶋身人頭鳥雨見嶋私領郡" (*U-shima, State/Province of Ryūkyū [where people have] a human body but a bird head; Amami Island(s), a privately owned district). The latter half suggests that (the Hōjō clan considered that) the Amami Islands were not part of Japan but anyway owned by Japanese.

Footnotes 

People of Kamakura-period Japan
Samurai
Stura di Demonte () is a  long river in northwestern Italy (Piedmont).

Geography 
The river is a tributary to the river Tanaro, which is a tributary of the river Po. Its source is in the Alps, near the border with France. It flows through Demonte and Cuneo before joining the Tanaro just east of Cherasco.

See also 
 Stura di Demonte Valley

Notes

Rivers of the Province of Cuneo
Rivers of Italy
Rivers of the Alps
Crozet House, also known as the Curtis Carter House, is a historic home located in Richmond, Virginia.  It was built in 1814, and was originally built as a two-story, five bay, "L"-shaped brick house over a raised basement in the late-Federal style.  It obtained its present "U"-shape after the addition of an east wing to the rear of the house.  It was built by Curtis Carter, a local brick mason and contractor. Claudius Crozet, a prominent engineer and educator, purchased the house in 1828 and lived there until 1832. His occupancy of the property gave the building its common name.

The architecture firm of Marcellus Wright Jr. maintained offices in Crozet House. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

References

External links 
Curtis Carter House, 100 East Main Street, Richmond, Independent City, VA: 5 photos at Historic American Buildings Survey

Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Federal architecture in Virginia
Houses completed in 1814
Houses in Richmond, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Richmond, Virginia
Mistaria lawrencei, synonym Agelena lawrencei, is a species of spider in the family Agelenidae, which contains at least 1,350 species . It was first described by Roewer in 1955 as Agelena lawrencei. It is native to Zimbabwe.

References

Agelenidae
Spiders of Africa
Spiders described in 1955
Endemic fauna of Zimbabwe