Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Frank–Van der Merwe growth (or FM growth) is one of the three primary modes by which thin films grow epitaxially at a crystal surface or interface. It is also known as 'layer-by-layer growth'. It is considered an ideal growth model, requiring perfect lattice matching between the substrate and the layer growing on to it, and it is usually limited to homoepitaxy. For FM growth to occur, the atoms that are to be deposited should be more attracted to the substrate than to each other, which is in contrast to the layer-plus-island growth model. FM growth is the preferred growth model for producing smooth films.

It was first described by South African physicist Jan van der Merwe and British physicist Frederick Charles Frank in a series of four papers based on Van der Merwe's PhD research between 1947 and 1949.

See also

 Epitaxy
 Thin films
 Molecular-beam epitaxy

References

Thin films
Matthew Thompson is an American-born Australian writer. He has written a number of books, including Mayhem: The Strange and Savage Saga of Christopher 'Badness' Binse, My Colombian Death and Running with the Blood God.

References

External links
 Official homepage
 Twitter
 Facebook

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Australian writers
Sir Robert Shore Milnes, 1st Baronet (1754 – 2 December 1837) was Lieutenant Governor of Lower Canada from 1799 to 1805. Milnes served in the Royal Horse Guards and retired as Captain in 1788.

He married Charlotte Frances Bentinck, daughter of Captain John Bentinck and Renira van Tuyll van Serooskerken, on 12 November 1785. Milnes died at Tunbridge Wells, England.

References
Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

External links 
 Archives of Sir Robert Shore Milnes (Robert Shore Milnes collection, R2453) are held at Library and Archives Canada

1754 births
1837 deaths
Royal Horse Guards officers
Governors of British North America
Deputy Lieutenants of the West Riding of Yorkshire
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
British Governors of Martinique
Grafton Preceptory was a priory in Temple Grafton, Warwickshire, England that belonged to the Knights Hospitalier. The village had no connection with the Knights Templer, but acquired this name due to an administrative error during the reign of Henry VIII, by which time the Hospitaliers had been associated with the site for over three hundred years. The Preceptory was closely associated with Balsall Preceptory and the office of Preceptor for these two was often united.

References

Monasteries in Warwickshire
Ship to Shore is the first album by Nigel Mazlyn Jones, guitarist, singer and songwriter. The guitar style and sound, involving use of harmonics and extensive electronic treatments, is already fully formed. The album was recorded in March 1976 in Birmingham at Nest Studios, produced by Nigel Mazlyn Jones and engineered by Jake Commander and Kim Holmes. It features contributions by then-members of Decameron, Madrigal and Steve Ashley's band.

The album was reissued on CD in 2002 on Kissing Spell (KSCD 942), with additional tracks in the form of early recordings of songs intended for the LP but for which the vinyl LP format did not allow space.

Jones' Dudley roots are evinced by an LP sleeve credit to "Jack and Bob at Modern Music", the proprietors of a now defunct music shop in Castle Hill well known to all Midland musicians of the time.

Track listing
All tracks composed by Nigel Mazlyn Jones.
"A Singularly Fine Day" 5:20
"Take Me Home" 6:22
"The Man and the Deer" 5:36
"Follow Every Sunset" 3:45
"How High the Moon" 3:30
"Reality" 3:43
"Port Quin Song (The Lady On the Beach)" 3:41
"Ship to Shore" 12:10

Additional tracks on the CD reissue:

"All Brave Men"
"The Hunter and the Lady"
"Hunter's Tale"
"Ships' Tales"
"Neap Tide"
"High Tide"
"Frozen Waves"

Personnel
Nigel Mazlyn Jones - guitars, bass, waves, vocals
Dik Cadbury - basses, vocals
Johnny Coppin - guitar, vocals
Alleyn Menzies - drums
Jerry Riley - guitar
Rob Lloyd - guitar, mandolin
Martin Mitchell - violin

Additional personnel listed on CD reissue:

Dave Titley - acoustic 6 string guitar, pottery drum
Graham Horncy - bass
Alan Appleby - bass

Ship to Shore
1976 debut albums
Luís Fernando Gonçalves Fernandes Tinoco (born 17 October 1986) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Santa Maria F.C. as a left back.

Club career
Born in Barcelos, Tinoco reached local Gil Vicente FC's youth system at the age of only 10. He appeared in four Primeira Liga games towards the end of the 2004–05 season, but went on to spend the following years on loan to amateur clubs, being released from contract in 2008 and joining another lower-league side, Italy's S.S. Monopoli 1966.

In the summer of 2010, Tinoco returned to his country's top division, but only featured once in the league with S.C. Beira-Mar, being loaned twice to teams in the Segunda Liga. For the 2012–13 campaign he signed with another club in the latter tier, Associação Naval 1º de Maio.

Following Naval's relegation to division three due to irregularities, Tinoco moved to newly promoted F.C. Arouca in late June 2013. He was presented the following month alongside Rui Sacramento.

On 24 June 2015, after being relatively played during his stint, Tinoco signed a one-year deal with C.D. Tondela.

References

External links

1986 births
Living people
Footballers from Barcelos, Portugal
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
Gil Vicente F.C. players
SC Vianense players
S.C. Beira-Mar players
Moreirense F.C. players
G.D. Estoril Praia players
Associação Naval 1º de Maio players
F.C. Arouca players
C.D. Tondela players
C.F. União players
AD Oliveirense players
F.C. Felgueiras 1932 players
Santa Maria F.C. players
SS Monopoli 1966 players
Portuguese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Italy
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Italy
General elections were held in Tonga on 14 April 1978. Seven nobles were elected by their peers, whilst a further seven People's Representatives were publicly elected. All candidates ran as independents.

References

1978 elections in Oceania
1978 in Tonga
Elections in Tonga
Non-partisan elections
April 1978 events in Oceania
Mike Hedges (born 1954) is a British audio producer/engineer best known for his work with The Cure, Siouxsie and the Banshees, and Manic Street Preachers. During his career, Hedges has worked with an eclectic roster of artists ranging from rock and pop acts such as U2, Dido, Travis, Texas, The Beautiful South, and Everything but the Girl, to cult-indie band The Cooper Temple Clause and classically oriented projects, The Priests and Sarah Brightman. His creative input and influence dramatically impacted the trajectories of bands such as the Cure, The Associates, Manic Street Preachers, and Travis.

Early life
Hedges was born in Nottingham, England in 1953 and grew up in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia), where he attended a Jesuit school. He comes from a Catholic family.

Career
Hedges returned to the UK in 1969 and was working in Haywards Heath as a squash coach when he was offered a job as a tape op at London's Morgan Studios. His first engineer credit came in the form of Heatwave's Central Heating. In 1981, he left Morgan Studios to become a freelancer and start Playground Studios in Camden Town, then moved on to work at Abbey Road Studios for ten years. Siouxsie and the Banshees, the Associates, and Wah! were among some of his earliest clients. Hedges lived in the Willesden area of London near Morgan Studios.

In 1990, he purchased Chateau de la Rouge Motte, a home in Domfront en Poiraie in the Normandy countryside, and retired for less than a month in 1992. He renovated the chateau to act as a new studio and outfitted it with a 16 channel EMI TG12345 Mark IV mixing desk, which he bought directly from Abbey Road Studios in 1983. The desk was originally installed in Abbey Road Studios, and had been used to record The Dark Side of the Moon by Pink Floyd and John Lennon's single "Imagine." Among the albums recorded there were Lush's Split, Manic Street Preachers' Everything Must Go (BRIT Award recipient) and This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours, and Travis' The Man Who(partially). James Dean Bradfield of the Manic Street Preachers recalled that Hedges greeted them with a hand covered in Normandy brandy and lit on fire, which is how Hedges claimed to welcome every new band.

There were four floors in the chateau: Hedges and his family lived on the top floor; the ten bedrooms on the first floor are for visiting musicians; and the ground floor and basement are control rooms and recording studios. Hedges moved the Mark IV desk back to London in the early 2000s, where it resided in the front room of a studio, and in 2017 was auctioned off for £1.4 million. 

Hedges has also worked as part of the musical team for a number of films including Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and The Doom Generation.

In 2009, he was working in an A&R role at Sony BMG, where he signed The Priests. He also discovered Friar Alessandro in Italy in 2012.

Personal life
He has four sons, Michael, Ethan, Aengus and James.

Selected discography

References

External links
[ Allmusic.com discography]

British record producers
British audio engineers
Living people
 1953 births
People from Nottingham
White Zambian people
Spotlight on Nilsson is the debut album by Harry Nilsson. It is essentially a compilation of all four of the singles (and their respective B-Sides) that were released during his tenure on the Tower label (1964–1966), plus two previously unreleased tracks. It has been re-issued numerous times over the years with different sleeves, attempting to capitalize on his later success at RCA. It was released in 1969 on 8-track on Pickwick as Rock 'N' Roll, without "The Path That Leads to Trouble", and in the UK on EMI's One-Up label in 1972 as Early Years, with the original tracklisting.

The track "Good Times" would be later covered by the Monkees as the title track for their 2016 reunion album.

Track listing
All tracks composed by Harry Nilsson; except where indicated
"The Path That Leads to Trouble" (Johnny Cole) – 2:08 - with The New Salvation Singers
"Good Times" – 1:50 - with The New Salvation Singers
"So You Think You've Got Troubles" (Marvin Rainwater) – 2:20
"I'm Gonna Lose My Mind" (Johnny Cole) – 2:06
"She's Yours" (Nilsson, J.R. Shanklin) – 2:02
"Sixteen Tons" (Merle Travis) – 2:29
"Born in Grenada" (Nilsson, John Marascalco) – 2:16
"You Can't Take Your Love (Away from Me)" – 2:20
"Growin' Up" – 2:48
"Do You Believe" – 2:20

References

Harry Nilsson albums
1966 debut albums
Albums arranged by George Tipton
Tower Records albums
Erramatti Mangamma (born 1 September 1946) is currently the oldest living woman to give birth. She achieved this feat on 5 September 2019, giving birth to twin girls at the age of 73. The record for being the oldest mother in the world was previously held by Daljinder Kaur Gill, who gave birth to a baby boy at the age of 72.

Biography 
Erramatti Mangamma married Sitarama Rajarao in 1962 in Andhra Pradesh, but the couple was reportedly unable to have children until Erramatti was impregnated using in-vitro fertilisation.

Pregnancy 
The couple are believed to have consulted several doctors for a period before Erramatti got pregnant after consulting a village doctor, Shanakkalaya Umashankar, in November 2018. The couple delivered twin girls for the first time after their marriage in 1962. Erramatti delivered her twins on 5 September 2019 after being conceived through the process of in-vitro fertilisation via C-section in the city of Hyderabad, making her the world's oldest mother and the oldest mother to give birth to twins.

Rajarao died from a heart attack in 2020, at the age of 84.

See also 

Lina Medina
Pregnancy over age 50

References 

Human pregnancy
Living people
Maternity in India
1946 births
Podotachina is a subgenus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

Species
E. cantans Mesnil, 1960
E. fuscihirta Chao & Liang, 1992
E. glossatorum (Rondani, 1859)
E. hainanensis Chao & Liang, 1992
E. ladelli (Baranov, 1936)
E. sorbillans (Wiedemann, 1830)
E. tenuicerca Liang & Chao, 1992
E. yunnanica Chao, 1964

References

Diptera of Europe
Diptera of Asia
Exoristinae
Insect subgenera
Miocnus is an extinct genus of ground sloths of the family Megalocnidae endemic to Cuba during the Pleistocene and very early Holocene epochs, living from 1.8 Mya—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately .

Taxonomy
Miocnus was named by Matthew (1931). Its type is Miocnus antillensis. It was assigned to Megalonychidae by Matthew (1931) based on morphological considerations, and subsequently moved to Megalocnidae by Presslee et al. (2019) based on molecular sequence data.

Fossil distribution
Sites and ages of specimen (complete list):
Casimba, Cuba ~1.8 Mya–11,000 years ago.

References

Prehistoric sloths
Pleistocene xenarthrans
Pleistocene mammals of North America
Pleistocene genus extinctions
Pleistocene Caribbean
Fossils of Cuba
Fossil taxa described in 1931
Faik Samet Güneş (born 27 May 1993) is a Turkish male volleyball player. He is part of the Turkey men's national volleyball team. On the club level he plays for Halkbank Ankara.

Sporting achievements

Clubs

National championships
 2015/2016  Turkish SuperCup 2015, with Halkbank Ankara
 2015/2016  Turkish Championship, with Halkbank Ankara

References

External links
FIVB profile

1993 births
Living people
Turkish men's volleyball players
Sportspeople from Tokat
Halkbank volleyball players
21st-century Turkish people
Pseudomacrochenus spinicollis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1949. It is known from Laos, China and Myanmar.

References

Lamiini
Beetles described in 1949
Taxa named by Stephan von Breuning (entomologist)
is a Japanese football player. She plays for Mynavi Sendai and Japan national team.

Club career
Kunitake was born in Yamato, Kumamoto on January 10, 1997. After graduating from Musashigaoka College, she joined L.League club Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara in 2017. She became a regular player as a center back and played all 18 matches in her first season.

National team career
On July 29, 2018, Kunitake debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. She played three games for Japan in 2018.

National team statistics

References

External links

Japan Football Association
Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara
MyNavi Sendai Ladies

1997 births
Living people
Association football people from Kumamoto Prefecture
Japanese women's footballers
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
WE League players
Nojima Stella Kanagawa Sagamihara players
Mynavi Vegalta Sendai Ladies players
Mynavi Sendai Ladies players
Women's association football defenders
Footballers at the 2018 Asian Games
Asian Games gold medalists for Japan
Asian Games medalists in football
Medalists at the 2018 Asian Games
Allie Beth Stuckey (born 1992), American political commentator
 Andy Stuckey, of Stuckey and Murray, US comedy music duo, performing 2001-8
 Bruce Stuckey (born 1947), English footballer
 Chansi Stuckey (born 1983), a US American football player for the Arizona Cardinals
 Darrell Stuckey (born 1987), US American football player
 Elizabeth Stuckey-French (born 1958), US author
 Elma Stuckey (1907–1988), US African American poet
 George Stuckey (1871–1932), Australian rules footballer
 Henry Stuckey (born 1950), US American football player
 Hugh Stuckey (1928–2018), Australian entertainment writer
 James Stuckey, US real estate developer, active 2007 to 2011
 Jann Stuckey (born 1955), Australian politician
 Jim Stuckey (born 1958), US American football player
 Lyn Stuckey (born 1978), US performer, works with Australian children's performing group The Wiggles
 Maurice Stuckey (born 1990), German basketball player
 Nat Stuckey (1933–1988), US country singer.
 Peter Stuckey (born 1940), English cricketer
 Rodney Stuckey (born 1986), US basketball player
 Scott Stuckey (born 1964), US filmmaker
 Shawn Stuckey (born 1975), US American football player
 Sophie Stuckey (born 1991), English actress
 Sterling Stuckey (1932–2018), US historian
 Will Stuckey (1873–1928), Australian rules footballer
 W.S. Stuckey, Jr. (born 1935), US businessperson & politician
 W. S. Stuckey, Sr. (1909–1977), US businessperson

See also
 Steven Stucky (1949–2016), US composer
Stuckley
Stukeley
Stucki

Surnames
English-language surnames
Surnames of English origin
Surnames of British Isles origin
Nadir El Fassi (born 23 September 1983 in Perpignan) is a French decathlete.

Achievements

References
 

1983 births
Living people
French decathletes
Sportspeople from Perpignan
Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field)
Universiade bronze medalists for France
Medalists at the 2005 Summer Universiade
Nessia didactyla, also known as the two-toed nessia and two-toed snakeskink, is a species of skink endemic to island of Sri Lanka.

Habitat & Distribution
A low hill to submountain skink species, known from localities that lie at 500–1000m of elevation, including Polgahawela, Billegama, and Dewatura.

Description
Midbody scales rows 24–28. Snout broad and blunt. Fronto-nasal larger than rostral, but slightly smaller than frontal. Lower eyelid scaly. Each limb with two digits, hence the name. Pre-anals slightly enlarged.
Dorsum brown, each scale with a darker border. Ventrally light brown.

References

Nessia
Reptiles of Sri Lanka
Endemic fauna of Sri Lanka
Reptiles described in 1934
Taxa named by Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala
The painted buttonquail (Turnix varius) is a species of buttonquail, the family Turnicidae, which resemble, but are unrelated to, the quails of Phasianidae. This species is resident in Australia where numbers are believed to be in decline. A subspecies, the Abrolhos painted buttonquail (Turnix varius scintillans), is endemic to the Houtman Abrolhos islands.

Taxonomy 
The painted buttonquail was first described by the English ornithologist John Latham in 1801 under the binomial name Perdix varia. 

"Painted buttonquail" has been designated the official name by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).

Two subspecies are recognised.

The possibly-extinct New Caledonian buttonquail (Turnix novaecaledoniae) of New Caledonia was formerly considered conspecific, but was split as a distinct species by the IOC in 2021.

Description 

The painted buttonquail is about  long. It is a ground-dwelling bird and is found in grassy forests and woodlands.  It feeds on insects and seeds, and the males incubate the eggs for a fortnight and then care for the young.

The female is the more brightly coloured of the sexes.  Her eyes are red, and her crown, face and breast are flecked with white.  Her shoulders are chestnut with thin white streaking above them.  The male is slightly smaller and duller in colour.

Distribution and habitat 
The painted buttonquail is native to Australia. Its range extends from Queensland southwards to New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. A separate population is present in the southwestern part of Western Australia. The subspecies Turnix varius scintillans is endemic to the Houtman Abrolhos islands off the west coast of Australia. 

The painted buttonquail became established on Rottnest Island around 2002.

Status 
The painted buttonquail has a wide range. An estimate of the population size has not been made but numbers are suspected to be in decline. It is said to be common in suitable habitat in some areas and uncommon in others. The IUCN has listed it as being of "Least Concern".

References

External links 
 
 
 Painted buttonquail (Turnix varius) (Latham, 1801) Avibase 2009

painted buttonquail
Endemic birds of Australia
painted buttonquail
Taxa named by John Latham (ornithologist)
Georges Hatz (11 May 1917 – 12 May 2007) was a French football player and manager. He played as a goalkeeper and was part of the Lille OSC side that won the Division 1 and Coupe de France double in 1946.

External links
Georges Hatz profile at chamoisfc79.fr

1917 births
2007 deaths
French men's footballers
French football managers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Red Star F.C. players
Lille OSC players
Stade Rennais F.C. players
AJ Auxerre managers
Chamois Niortais F.C. managers
Ligue 1 players
Gerry is a brand of outdoor sports clothing and gear, currently specializing in cold weather garments (clothes).

History
The company was founded in 1946 in Ward, Colorado, by Gerald "Gerry" Cunningham, a veteran of the 10th Mountain Division. Initially it was a mail order business providing lightweight equipment for mountaineers.

In 1950, Cunningham developed the triangular carabiner, the first in the modern style. Less than five years later, he also invented the drawstring clamp also known as a cord clamp or cord lock.

In 1953, Gerry tents were used in the first successful Everest expedition.

In 1958, Gerry opened the first of its retail stores, in Boulder. In 1949 Cunningham invented the Gerry Kiddie Carrier which was frameless; the frame version was patented in 1963. The company Gerry Designs, Inc. was spun off with Meg Hansson in 1960 to market the carrier to a wider audience. Nearly a million babies were toted in the carriers.

In 1959, the company created a very compact survival suit for the US Air Force. The seven piece suit was made of nylon and goose down and came vacuum packed in a small box. It was used in jets and space capsules. The coat converted into a sleeping bag. Gerry expanded into outerwear and produced some of the first lightweight down jackets.

In 1963, the company supplied ultra lightweight gear for the first American ascent of Mount Everest. For the 1964 Winter Olympics the Olympic Committee wore Gerry ski coats.

In 1966, Gerry alumnus Dale Johnson founded Frostline Kits, a brand of sew-it-yourself outdoor products.

In 1971, Cunningham resigned from the company, saying it was "too big and no fun". In 1973 he was elected to the Sporting Goods Industry Hall of Fame. At that time Gerry was a division of Outdoor Sports Industries. Through 1980, the company offered a collection of innovative and brightly colored down garments, which sold well worldwide. But within a few years the company's products largely disappeared from the retail market.

Later, the Gerry brand was owned by the Amerex Group Inc., a New York-based privately owned clothing manufacturer which owned several brands. In 2002, Amerex created the Gerry website  and announced a number of sponsorship programs.

Cunningham died May 15, 2010, at his home in Patagonia, Arizona (born February 17, 1922).

In 2010, the Gerry brand was bought by Studio Ray, of New York City which revamped the catalog, which included their classic outerwear and accessories. In Fall 2012, Gerry began to be sold at retailers, including Macy's, Dillard's, and The Sports Authority.  Their lightweight jackets are also sold seasonally in Costco stores. Gerry has its showroom in New York City.

References

External links
 Official website, archived 8 June 2016

Outdoor clothing brands
Clothing companies of the United States
Camping equipment manufacturers
Manufacturing companies based in Denver
American companies established in 1946
Clothing companies established in 1946
Manufacturing companies established in 1946
1946 establishments in Colorado
American brands
1946 establishments in the United States