Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Siṅguttara Hill ( ; also spelt "Theingottara Hill") is  a small hill in Yangon, Myanmar (formerly Burma), crowned by the Shwedagon Pagoda, the most famous pagoda in the country.

Legends associated with Singuttara

Tapussa and Bhallika
Two pious merchant brothers from the Mon country of Lower Burma, Tapussa and Bhallika (), met the Buddha in northern India soon after he had attained enlightenment, and were entrusted with eight sacred hair relics. The two brothers are recorded as the first lay disciples of the Buddha. The Buddha told them the relics should be enshrined in their own land on Singuttara hill, where relics of three previous Buddhas already rested. The Buddha then explained to them the origin of the hill's name: ages before, it was the home of a giant centipede who devoured elephants and piled their tusks (Pali singa) high (Pali uttara) on the peak. Tupassa and Bhallika would know they had found Singuttara when they found a tree trunk balancing on a peak in such a way that neither end touched the ground.

The Convention of Sule
The brothers returned to Lower Burma (Okkalapa) and presented the hairs to the pious King of Okkalapa. Although the King searched diligently for the hill for three years, he was unable to locate it. Eventually Sakra, a deity of Vedic origins, took pity on the king and cleared the jungle from the hill. Sakra could not, however, identify for Okkalapa the exact spot where the relics were to be enshrined. It was because he was only 36 million years old, and therefore did not remember the visits of the earlier Buddhas (which, according to Buddhist cosmology, happened eons in the past). Okkalapa therefore asked local nats (spirits) if they could remember. Fortunately the oldest of the nats, Sule, recalled once trying to eat one of the Buddhas. But he had learned the Dhamma and was no longer a cannibal. Ashamed of his earlier acts and eager to earn merit, Sule led the king and the brothers to the correct spot, the relics were recovered, and the first Shwedagon pagoda was built on the spot.

Description and history
The hill is located on the last spur of the Pegu Yoma (Pegu Mountains), some three kilometers north from the centre of Yangon, and on the western shore of Kandawgyi Lake (Royal Lake). It is divided into three terraces, the Lower Terrace at road level (ascent of the hill must be made on foot from this point), the Middle Terrace (the beginning of the sacred precinct of the pagoda, beyond which footwear and head coverings are not permitted) and the Top Terrace (the terrace immediately surrounding the main stupa). There are four covered walkways from the road to the top of the hill, one for each cardinal direction. Those on the southern and eastern sides are the most popular entrances to the pagoda. 

Following the British capture of Rangoon in the Second Anglo-Burmese War, the hill became a military encampment, a status it retained until the 1920s.

References

External links
Official Shwedagon Pagoda website
John Strong, "Relics of the Buddha" (Googlebooks), chapter Hair Relics of the Shwedagon Pagoda
Shwedagon.org

Geography of Yangon
Hills of Myanmar
Buddhism in Myanmar
Thirumalapur is a small village in Doulthabad Mandal and Medak district, Telangana, India.

The main occupation in the village is agriculture with popular crops including paddy, corn, cotton, and sunflower.

Temple: Hanuman, Lord Shiva

Villages in Medak district
Euthalia whiteheadi  is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae (Limenitidinae). It is found in the Indomalayan realm.<ref>[http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/limenitidinae/euthalia/ " Euthalia  " Hübner, [1819"] at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms</ref>

SubspeciesE. w. whiteheadi BorneoE. w. mariae Fruhstorfer, 1904  Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, SumatraE. w. culminicola'' Fruhstorfer, 1894  Java

References

whiteheadi
Butterflies of Asia
Butterflies described in 1889
Taxa named by Henley Grose-Smith
Bogdan Cristian Jica (born 3 iulie 2000) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Liga IV side ACS Mediaș. In his career, Jica also played for teams such as: Daco-Getica București or Dunărea Călărași.

References

External links
 
 

2000 births
Living people
People from Blaj
Romanian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Liga I players
Liga II players
CS Gaz Metan Mediaș players
ASC Daco-Getica București players
FC Dunărea Călărași players
FC Hermannstadt players
Footballers from Alba County
Allo Mahar is a village and union council of Daska Tehsil, Sialkot District in Punjab, Pakistan. The village is located at 32°23'60N 74°25'0E and lies located 8 km to the west of Daska and 15 km southwest of the district capital – Sialkot. It contains the shrines of many Nakshbandi saints and preachers. It is known as it is the birthplace of prominent Islamic Naqshbandi saint Muhammad Channan Shah Nuri who started the religious lineage (silsila) known as Naqshbandia Mujadadia Aminia.

Political and religious influence
Indeed Allo Mahar is mostly known by spiritual personalities and the services towards religion but since last Forty to Fifty years it is also well known by the political activities & personality Syed Iftikhar Ul Hassan(Zahray Shah).He was thrice elected MPA & the equal number of time elected Member National Assembly. He never be defeated rest of his life till his demise on August 2020. He was most regarded personality of Distt, Sialkot & same in the party PML(N)His legacy is carried on by his daughter Syeda Nosheen Iftikhar MNA and Syed Ata Ul Hassan. Some other political faces Alo Mahar kept with same family members like Syed Shah Faisal & Syed Hasnat Ul Hassan Ex Chairman Distt, Council Sialkot.
As for as spiritual gesture is concerned the legacy led by Sahabzada Syed Murtaza Amin who is current Sajjada Nasheen of Darbar Aliya Allo Mahar Sharif. Urs Mubarik is held on 23rd March of every year on same place.

See also
Muhammad Jewan Shah Naqvi
Muhammad Channan Shah Nuri
Muhammad Amin Shah Sani
 Syed Faiz-ul Hassan Shah
 Khalid Hasan Shah
Sahabzada Syed Murtaza Amin

References

Villages in Sialkot District
Union councils of Sialkot District
Burt Procter (1901 – July 2, 1980) was an American painter who specialized in depictions of horses and portraits of Native Americans.

Life
Procter was born in 1901 in Boston, Massachusetts. He attended Stanford University.

Procter was a commercial artist in Los Angeles and later in New York. He was the art director of the Pageant of the Masters for 17 years. He painted horses and portraits of Native Americans, but he "refused to be classified as a Western artist."

Procter resided in Corona del Mar with his wife Katherine. They had a daughter, Virginia. Procter died on July 2, 1980, in Palm Springs, California, at age 79. His artwork can be seen at the Nelson Museum of the West in Cheyenne, Wyoming.

References

1901 births
1980 deaths
Painters from Boston
People from Palm Springs, California
Stanford University alumni
American male painters
American portrait painters
Equine artists
Painters from California
20th-century American painters
20th-century American male artists
Vanessa Freebairn-Smith is a cellist, based in Los Angeles, California. She is a founding member of the Sonus Quartet, formed in 2003, which presents art music in alternative and unusual ways, fusing classical with pop, rock, and hip-hop. 

Freebairn-Smith has performed with the Sonus Quartet at presentations such as The Grammy's, The AMA's, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and the Late Show with David Letterman. Over the past few years, she has worked in conjunction with artists such as Sarah McLachlan, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, Billy Preston, Dhani Harrison, Sting, Jay-Z, Jewel, John Frusciante, and k.d. lang.

When she's not working with the Sonus Quartet, Freebairn-Smith plays a wide variety of musical genres from classical to rock and does both studio work for albums as well as film and television scores, also performing live in many venues and television presentations. She recently toured with Gnarls Barkley as well as Josh Groban on his 'Awake' tour. She is currently touring with Jeff Beck on his 'Stars Align' Tour.

References
Vanessa Freebairn-Smith Official Website

Living people
American cellists
Musicians from Los Angeles
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women cellists
The Japan Curling Championships () are the annual Japanese men's and women's curling championships, organized by the Japan Curling Association (JCA). The winners get to represent Japan at the men's and women's World Curling Championships and the next season's Pacific-Asia Curling Championships.

Summary

Qualification
The following teams have the right to participate to this championship.

 In 2019 (2018–2019 season)

 Last year's winners and runner-up teams.
 Teams represented Japan at 2018 Winter Olympics.
 Teams that won the regional championships (top 3 of Hokkaido, 1 of Tohoku, 1 of Kanto, 1 of Chubu and 1 of Western Japan).

 After 2020 (after 2019–2020 season)

 Last year's winners and runner-up teams.
 Top ranked teams in top 50 on WCT ranking at end of last October (without last year's winners and runner-up teams).
 Teams that won the regional championships (Hokkaido, Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu and Western Japan).
 Winners of wild-card games by runner-up teams in regional championships.

Format 
Round-robins by 9 teams and Page playoffs by qualified 4 teams.

Team names

In Japan, curling teams have historically used freely nicknames instead of the skip name. However, the  restricted the names that teams could use in the championship tournament in 2005, to one of the following: the skip's surname, organization name, association name, residential regional name, or the school name for the championships.

Championships

Results

Men

Women

References

External links 
 Japan Curling Association

See also
Japan Mixed Doubles Curling Championship

 
1984 establishments in Japan
The Berne Convention (formally, the International Convention respecting the Prohibition of the Use of White (Yellow) Phosphorus in the Manufacture of Matches ()) of 1906 is a multilateral treaty negotiated in Berne, Switzerland, which prohibits the use of white phosphorus in the manufacture of matches. The treaty also prohibits the import and sale of such matches.

The background to the treaty was the extensive medical problems such as phossy jaw facing workers in match production. The treaty was concluded on 26 September 1906. It entered into force on 1 January 1912. The Convention remains in force for 48 states. Switzerland is the depositary for the treaty.

In 1925 Edward J. Phelan, future Director General of the International Labour Organization, stated that the establishment of the ILO "may in one sense be traced to the Berne Convention of 1906", partly as a result of lobbying by the International Association for Labour Legislation.

See also 
 London matchgirls strike of 1888

Notes

References 
 John Emsley, The Shocking History of Phosphorus: A Biography of the Devil's Element (2000) Macmillan Publishers, Ltd.: London, England

External links 

 The Berne Convention of 1906
 Information page, official depositary
 Review of book about phosphorus

Chemical industry
Occupational safety and health treaties
Treaties concluded in 1906
Treaties entered into force in 1912
History of Bern
Health treaties
1906 in Switzerland
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties extended to Australia
Treaties of the First Austrian Republic
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of the Kingdom of Bulgaria
Treaties extended to Canada
Treaties of Chile
Treaties of the Republic of China (1912–1949)
Treaties of Cyprus
Treaties of Ivory Coast
Treaties of Denmark
Treaties of the Kingdom of Egypt
Treaties of Spain under the Restoration
Treaties of Estonia
Treaties of Fiji
Treaties of Finland
Treaties of the French Third Republic
Treaties of the Gambia
Treaties of the German Empire
Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
Treaties extended to British India
Treaties of Pahlavi Iran
Treaties of the Irish Free State
Treaties of Israel
Treaties of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
Treaties of the Empire of Japan
Treaties of Luxembourg
Treaties of Madagascar
Treaties of Mali
Treaties of Malta
Treaties of Mauritius
Treaties of Mauritania
Treaties of Morocco
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties extended to New Zealand
Treaties of Niger
Treaties of Norway
Treaties of the Second Polish Republic
Treaties of the Kingdom of Romania
Treaties of Senegal
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties extended to the Union of South Africa
Treaties of Sweden
Treaties of Switzerland
Treaties of Turkey
Treaties of Uganda
Treaties of the United Kingdom (1801–1922)
Treaties of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
White phosphorus
Treaties extended to New Caledonia
Treaties extended to Réunion
Treaties extended to French Polynesia
Treaties extended to Wallis and Futuna
Treaties extended to Gibraltar
Treaties extended to Anguilla
Treaties extended to Montserrat
Treaties extended to the British Virgin Islands
Treaties extended to Greenland
Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands
Chemical safety
Stadion or stade () was an ancient running event, part of the Ancient Olympic Games and the other Panhellenic Games. It was one of the five major Pentathlon events and the premier event of the gymnikos agon (γυμνικὸς ἀγών "nude competition").

From the years 776 to 724 BC, the stadion was the only event at the Olympic Games. The victor (the first of whom was Coroebus of Elis) gave his name to the entire four-year Olympiad, allowing modern knowledge of nearly all of them.

The stadion was named after the building in which it took place. This word became stadium in Latin, which became the English "stadium". The race also gave its name to the unit of length, the stadion. There were other types of running events, but the stadion was the most prestigious; the winner was often considered to be the winner of an entire Games. Though a separate event, the stadion was also part of the ancient Pentathlon.

At the Olympic Games, the stadion (building) was big enough for 20 competitors, and the race was a  sprint,  but the original stadion track in Olympia measures approximately . The race began with a trumpet blow, with officials (the ἀγωνοθέται agonothetai) at the start to make sure there were no false starts. There were also officials at the end to decide on a winner and to make sure no one had cheated. If the officials decided there was a tie, the race would be re-run. Runners started the race from a standing position, probably with their arms stretched out in front of them, instead of starting in a crouch like modern runners. They ran naked on a packed earth track. By the fifth century, the track was marked by a stone-starting line, the balbis. Advancements in this stone starting block led to it having a set of double grooves ( apart) in which the runner placed his toes. The design of these grooves were intended to give the runner leverage for his start.

See also
 Running in Ancient Greece
 Olympic winners of the Stadion race

References

Ancient Olympic sports
Events in track and field
Sprint (running)
 Extinct sports
August Willem Philip Weitzel (The Hague, 6 January 1816 –  29 March 1896) was a military officer who served as Dutch Minister of War for two cabinets, as well as Minister of Colonies in the interim Kabinet-Heemskerk Azn. cabinet.

Literature 
 "Merkwaardigheden uit mijn leven" was partially published under the title "Maar Majesteit!" in 1968

References

External links 
 Levensbericht van den Luitenant-Generaal A.W. Ph. Weitzel

1816 births
1896 deaths
Politicians from The Hague
Ministers of Colonial Affairs of the Netherlands
Military personnel from The Hague
Roberto Brito (born 7 August 1947) is a Mexican former cyclist. He competed in the team time trial at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

References

External links
 

1947 births
Living people
Mexican male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for Mexico
Cyclists at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Mexico City
Pan American Games medalists in cycling
Pan American Games silver medalists for Mexico
Cyclists at the 1967 Pan American Games
A code of silence is a condition in effect when a person opts to withhold what is believed to be vital or important information voluntarily or involuntarily.

Code of Silence may also refer to:

"Code of Silence", a song by Billy Joel from the 1986 album The Bridge
Code of Silence (1985 film), a 1985 film starring Chuck Norris
Code of Silence (2014 film), a 2014 Australian film
Code of Silence (2015 film), a 2015 Nigerian film
Code of Silence (2021 film), a 2021 British film
"Code of Silence" (Arrow)

See also
Omerta (disambiguation), Mafia code of silence
Carlo Gervasoni (born 4 January 1982) is a former Italian footballer who played as a defender. His career ended in 2011 after a ban from football due to his involvement in the 2011 Italian football match-fixing scandal; the ban is set to end in 2018.

Career
Gervasoni started his career at a small Lombard club Como. In mid-2001, Gervasoni and Marco Mallus joined South Tyrol of Serie C2; concurrently Luigi Crisopulli returned to Como. During his three seasons with Tyrol, Gervasoni was a regular starter. In June 2004 Como bought back Gervasoni outright for €120,000 but sold to Geona for free. But Genoa immediately sold him to Verona in another co-ownership deal, for €500,000. Although he just played 24 matches, Verona sign him permanently. After he played another 24 matches, he left for fellow Serie B Bari in co-ownership deal. Luigi Anaclerio also joined Verona also in co-ownership on the same day. In June Verona bought back Gervasoni.

In August 2007, he joined Albinoleffe in another co-ownership deal, for €560,000. He signed a 3-year contract. Gervasoni back to play as a regular starter and he secured a permanent deal in June 2008 for another €95,000.

On 31 August 2009, Gervasoni was exchanged with Dario Passoni. After the relegation and bankruptcy of Mantova, he joined Cremonese. In January 2011 he left for Serie B club Piacenza. Francesco Bini also joined Cremonese in exchange.

He was banned from football activity for five years due to involvement in the 2011 Italian football scandal; an additional one-year and 8 months was added in May 2012; four more months were added in August, meaning Gervasoni will serve a 7-year ban.

References

External links
  Official Albinoleffe Player Profile
 

1982 births
Living people
People from Legnano
Italian men's footballers
Como 1907 players
Hellas Verona FC players
SSC Bari players
UC AlbinoLeffe players
Mantova 1911 players
Serie B players
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from the Metropolitan City of Milan
Altuve is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

José Altuve (born 1990), Venezuelan baseball player
Olimpia Altuve (1891–?), Guatemalan scientist
Oriana Altuve (born 1992), Venezuelan footballer

See also
Altube

Spanish-language surnames
The sixth siege of Gibraltar in 1411 was the only occasion on which control of Gibraltar was contested between two Islamic powers. After the failed fifth siege of Gibraltar in 1349–50, which ended with the death of King Alfonso XI of Castile from bubonic plague, the Kingdom of Castile was preoccupied with the Castilian Civil War and its aftermath. In 1369, Sultan Muhammed V of Granada took advantage of the Castilians' distractions and in the siege of Algeciras (1369) he seized the city of Algeciras, on the west side of the Bay of Gibraltar, which Alfonso XI had captured in 1344. After razing it to the ground he made peace with Henry II, the winner of the civil war. The truce was renewed by Henry's successors John I and Henry III. At some point during the truces, control of Gibraltar was transferred from the Marinid dynasty of Morocco, which had held it since 1333, to the Granadans. It is not clear why this happened; it may have been as a condition of the Granadans assisting the Marinids against rebels in Morocco.

In February 1407, the truce between the Christian and Islamic kingdoms collapsed during the reign of the infant John II as the result of a minor skirmish. A Castilian fleet put to sea and inflicted a major defeat on the Moors in the Strait of Gibraltar. The rulers of Granada and Morocco met at Gibraltar and agreed to sue for a fresh truce, but relations between the two Islamic states soon broke down amid disagreements between their rulers.

The garrison of Gibraltar rebelled in 1410 against the Granadan ruler, Yusuf III, and declared allegiance to Abu Said Uthman III of Morocco. Abu Said Uthman III sent his brother, Abu Said, to take charge with an army numbering some 1,000 cavalry and 2,000 infantry. They occupied a number of castles in the area as well as the ports of Estepona and Marbella. A Granadan counter-offensive in 1411 drove Abu Said back to Gibraltar, where he took refuge. Yusuf III's son Ahmad laid siege to Gibraltar and defeated several Moroccan attempts to break out. Eventually a Granadan sympathiser in the garrison helped the besiegers to gain entrance. They stormed the Moorish Castle, forcing Abu Said to surrender, and restored Granadan control over Gibraltar. Back in Morocco, Abu Said Uthman III reacted by writing to Yusuf III to ask him to execute Abu Said for disloyalty. Instead, the Granadan sultan gave Abu Said an army and sent him back to Morocco to launch an ultimately unsuccessful rebellion against Abu Said Uthman III.

References

Bibliography
 

Conflicts in 1411
Sieges of Gibraltar
1411 in Europe
15th century in Gibraltar
Gibraltar 1411
Gibraltar 1411
Rafid Chadafi Lestaluhu (born 16 October 1993) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Liga 3 club Persibat Batang.

Career 
In 2015, he signed with Persita Tangerang.

Personal life 
Lestaluhu is the twin brother of Abduh Lestaluhu, they have an older brother Ramdani Lestaluhu and a younger brother Pandi Lestaluhu who are also professional footballers.

References

External links 
 
 Rafid Lestaluhu at ligaindonesiabaru.com

1993 births
Living people
Indonesian men's footballers
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Liga 2 (Indonesia) players
Madura United F.C. players
Bhayangkara Presisi Indonesia F.C. players
Persita Tangerang players
Bandung United F.C. players
Persibat Batang players
People from Tulehu
Sportspeople from Maluku (province)
Men's association football midfielders
21st-century Indonesian people
The Roman Catholic Our Lady of Assumption Church, also known as the Red Church, stands in the Swiss city of Neuchâtel in the diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Freiburg. The Neo-Gothic church was planned by Guillaume Ritter and consecrated on March 25, 1906. After a major renovation between 1984 and 2000, it was recognized in 1986 as a national monument. In 2007 Pope Benedict XVI raised the church's status to that of basilica minor.

The building is constructed of artificial stone, made on site and tinted to obtain the reddish appearance of Alsace sandstone. The interior has three aisles and a transept. In addition to 14 large paintings representing the Stations of the Cross, five choir windows and a large rosette, the vaulted roof is designed to represent the night sky with almost 10,000 stars. In 1937 a new high altar by the architect Fernand Dumas de Romont was created, whose centrepiece is a calvary by Marcel Feuillat. In 1933, three large bells, named Maria-Josepha, Faith and Charity, replaced the three smaller ones dating from 1912.

Apart from serving the spiritual needs of 62,000 Neuchâtel Catholics, the basilica is also the most important pilgrimage church in the canton.

The Swiss theologian and mystic Maurice Zundel is buried in the church.

See also
 List of Roman Catholic basilicas

References

 Claire Piguet, Gilles Barbey: Inventar der neueren Schweizer Architektur – 1850–1920. Neuenburg. Kapitel aus Band 7 der Gesamtreihe. Bern: Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte 2000. S. 194 f., S. 225. .
This article is based on a translation of the equivalent articles on German and French Wikipedia

Roman Catholic Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg
Roman Catholic churches in Switzerland
Basilica churches in Switzerland