Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Bharat Karnad is an emeritus professor in National Security Studies at the Centre for Policy Research, Delhi and a national security expert. He is the author of India's Nuclear Policy (Praeger, 2008), Nuclear Weapons and Indian Security: The Realist Foundations of Strategy (Macmillan India, 2002, 2005) and author-editor of Future Imperilled: India's Security in the 1990s and Beyond (Viking-Penguin India, 1994).

Early life and career
He holds a bachelor's degree in political science from the University of California, Santa Barbara and received a Masters in political science from University of California, Los Angeles in 1975. 
Karnad served as a Member of the National Security Advisory Board, National Security Council, Government of India, and Member of the Nuclear Doctrine Drafting Group, and formerly Advisor, Defense Expenditure to the Finance Commission, India. He has been a visiting scholar at Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, the Shanghai Institute for International Studies, and The Stimson Center in Washington. He is frequently contacted by the Indian government and the Indian military for policy suggestions. He is also a regular lecturer at the highest military training institutions and forums and conducts an annual Strategic Nuclear Orientation Course for senior armed forces officers for the Integrated Defence Staff, Ministry of Defence.

His latest books include Why India is not a Great Power (Yet) published by Oxford University Press in 2015 and Staggering Forward: Narendra Modi and India's Global Ambition published by Penguin India in 2018 in which he takes issue with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's foreign policy with respect to Pakistan.

References

External links
 Bharat Karnad at Penguin India

Security studies
Living people
Indian political scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Giuseppe Leo (born 30 January 1995) is a German-Italian professional footballer who plays as a defender.

References

Living people
1995 births
Footballers from Munich
German men's footballers
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
3. Liga players
Regionalliga players
Swiss Challenge League players
FC Ingolstadt 04 II players
FC Bayern Munich II players
Karlsruher SC players
FC Aarau players
German expatriate men's footballers
German expatriate sportspeople in Switzerland
Expatriate men's footballers in Switzerland
One Hunid is the only album from the short-lived hip hop group The Product. Veteran southern rapper Scarface recruited two young MC's, Willie Hen and Young Malice, to join him for the release. The album features the singles "I'm A" and "G Type".

Track listing

Chart positions

References

2006 albums
Scarface (rapper) albums
Albums produced by the Alchemist (musician)
Hermotimus of Clazomenae (; fl. c. 8th or 7th century BCE), was a possibly historic or legendary Presocratic philosopher about whom many legendary feats were ascribed in antiquity, including the ability for his soul to leave his body and travel around. Some ancient sources also considered him a previous reincarnation of Pythagoras. Aristotle also credited him with some of the metaphysical doctrines on Nous that were more commonly attributed to Anaxagoras.

Historicity
The best evidence for Hermotimus' potential historical existence is a tradition that the people of Clazomenae erected a temple for him, which is related by Pliny the Elder, Lucian, Apollonius, and Plutarch.

Philosophical views
According to Aristotle,prior to Anaxagoras' idea of mind being fundamental in the cause of change, Hermotimus proposed that physical entities are static, while reason causes the change. Sextus Empiricus places him with Hesiod, Parmenides, and Empedocles, as belonging to the class of philosophers who held a dualistic theory of a material and an active principle being together the origin of the universe. Lucian called him a Pythagorean.

Legends
Diogenes Laërtius records a story that Pythagoras remembered his earlier lives, one being Hermotimus, who had validated his own claim to recall earlier lives by recognizing the decaying shield of Menelaus in the temple of Apollo at Branchidae.Tertullian relates a story about Hermotimus, in which Hermotimus' soul would depart his body during sleep, as if on a trip. His wife betrayed the oddity and his enemies came and burned his body while he was asleep, his soul returning too late.

Notes

References

</ref>

Ancient Greek metaphysicians
6th-century BC Greek philosophers
Ancient Greek shamans
Presocratic philosophers
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
People from Clazomenae
The Young Jacobites is a 1960 British serial for the Children's Film Foundation.

Plot
Two children on holiday on the Isle of Skye, Scotland, go back in time and help Bonnie Prince Charlie escape from Scotland to France.

Cast
Francesca Annis as Jean
Jeremy Bulloch as Hamish
Frazer Hines as Angus

References

External links
Young Jacobites at IMDb
Young Jacobites at Letterbox DVD
Young Jacobites at BFI

1960 films
Children's Film Foundation
1960s British films
Between Towns Road is a major road in the area of Cowley, in the city of Oxford, England.

Location
The road passes the Templars Square Shopping Centre on one side and Templars Retail Park on the other. It adjoins Church Cowley Road to the west and forms a junction with Oxford Road and Garsington Road to the east.

History

The road is named after a local field called "Betwixt the Towns", dating from around 1630, subsequently spelt "Between Roads" in 1853 when the road was created. It was originally called Surman's Lane, then High Street, Cowley. The road was named "Between Towns Road" in 1930.

Oxfordshire History Centre, nearby in Oxford Road, was completed in 1938 as the Church of England parish church of St Luke. The church declared redundant in 1993 and reopened as the Oxfordshire Record Office (now Oxford History Centre) in 2000.

Cowley Centre, a shopping centre designed by the Oxford City Architects EG Chandler and Douglas Murray, was built here in 1960–65. Between Towns Road was realigned when Cowley Centre was built. The shopping centre was renamed to Templars Square in 1989.

References

1853 establishments in England
Shopping streets in Oxford
The Regional Psychiatric Centre is classified as a custodial forensic psychiatry facility (Federal Forensic Hospital) with multiple security levels with a staff of 345, it is located on a  parcel of land owned by the University of Saskatchewan and opened in 1978.  It is the only psychiatric hospital in the country with a therapeutic healing program designed for women offenders.

The centre is the only of its kind affiliated with a university medical school and accredited as a hospital; patients are admitted and discharged by medical staff with senior medical staff and faculty jointly appointed with the university providing for the development of treatment and research programs.  The centre is one of the residency training locations used by the Psychiatry Program at the University of Saskatchewan College of Medicine.

Major incidents 
 The Ashley Smith inquest examined a patient that was treated at the centre and moved back and forth with other institutions.

References in the media
 Karla (film)

References

External links 
 Correctional Service of Canada National Facility Directory
 University of Saskatchewan School of Medicine - Residency Program

Hospital buildings completed in 1978
Psychiatric hospitals in Canada
Hospitals in Saskatchewan
Teaching hospitals in Canada
Correctional Service of Canada institutions
Hospitals established in 1978
Buildings and structures in Saskatoon
Prisons in Saskatchewan
University of Saskatchewan
1978 establishments in Canada
The women's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 1957 World University Games was held at the Stadium Charlety in Paris on 8 September 1957.

Results

References

Athletics at the 1957 World University Games
1957
In telecommunications, a proprietary protocol is a communications protocol owned by a single organization or individual.

Intellectual property rights and enforcement
Ownership by a single organization gives the owner the ability to place restrictions on the use of the protocol and to change the protocol unilaterally. Specifications for proprietary protocols may or may not be published, and implementations are not freely distributed. Proprietors may enforce restrictions through control of the intellectual property rights, for example through enforcement of patent rights, and by keeping the protocol specification a trade secret.  Some proprietary protocols strictly limit the right to create an implementation; others are widely implemented by entities that do not control the intellectual property but subject to restrictions the owner of the intellectual property may seek to impose.

Examples
The Skype protocol is a proprietary protocol.

The Venturi Transport Protocol (VTP) is a patented proprietary protocol that is designed to replace TCP transparently in order to overcome perceived inefficiencies related to wireless data transport.

Microsoft Exchange Server protocols are proprietary open access protocols. The rights to develop and release protocols are held by Microsoft, but all technical details are free for access and implementation.

Microsoft developed a proprietary extension to the Kerberos network authentication protocol for the Windows 2000 operating system. The extensions made the protocol incompatible with implementations supporting the original standards, and this has raised concerns that this, along with the licensing restrictions, effectively denies products unable to conform to the standard access to a Windows 2000 Server using Kerberos.

Effects of incompatibility
The use of proprietary instant messaging protocols meant that instant messaging networks were incompatible and people were unable to reach friends on other networks.

Reverse engineering
Reverse engineering is the process of retrieving a protocol’s details from a software implementation of the specification. Methods of reverse-engineering a protocol include packet sniffing and binary decompilation and disassembly.  

There are legal precedents when the reverse-engineering is aimed at interoperability of protocols. In the United States, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act grants a safe harbor to reverse engineer software for the purposes of interoperability with other software.

References

Network protocols
Reverse engineering
Telecommunication protocols
Outsider is a 2012 Malayalam thriller film written and directed by Premlal, starring Sreenivasan, Indrajith, Ganga Babu and Pasupathy in the lead roles. It is produced by Gireesh under the banner of Gowri Meenakshi Movies, and is shot in Chalakudy in Kerala and Nagercoil in Tamil Nadu.

Synopsis
The film is about an ordinary middle-class man whose life turns upside down when a criminal tries to control him. It's about his struggles and how he comes to terms with his life.

Cast
 Sreenivasan as Sivankutty
 Indrajith as Mukundan
 Pasupathy as Komban Lawrence
 Ganga Babu as Manju
 Sai Kumar as Balagopalan
 Joju George

Production
The film, produced under the banner of Gowry Meenakshi Movies, was launched on 2 January 2012, and principal production also started on the same day in and around Chalakudy in Kerala. Outsider was the first Malayalam film to start production in 2012. The shooting will later shift to Nagercoil.

Outsider is Premlal's second directorial venture. His debut film, Aathmakatha (2010), a drama which also starred Sreenivasan in the lead, was a critical success and went on to win many a laurels. It was screened at a number of international film festivals in India and abroad. According to Premlal, Outsider is tagged as an emotional action thriller in Malayalam.

Sreenivasan and Indrajith come together for the first time in Outsider, which tells the tale of revenge. Ganga Babu, who is making her debut as a lead actress in Malayalam cinema, is the female lead in the film. The actress was there as a child artiste in Nivedyam. Tamil actor Pasupathy, who has earlier acted in Malayalam movies, is playing the main antagonist in the film .

Reception
Unlike Premlal's previous work, Outsider received mixed reviews.
 The Times of India said, "The thread of Outsider teems with so many possibilities, which could have easily been converted into a fine narrative."
 The Hindu, said that the film "lacks novelty or punch".
 Rediff.com commented that "Outsider is a confused effort as it falls somewhere between a thriller and an emotional tale."

References

External links
 

2012 films
2010s Malayalam-language films
2012 thriller films
Films shot in Chalakudy
Films shot in Ooty
Indian thriller films
Films shot in Thrissur
Frederick J. Segura Chirinos (born January 16, 1979) is a male professional track and road cyclist from Venezuela.

Career

2002
 1st in Stage 6 Vuelta a Venezuela, Valle de la Pascua criterium (VEN)
2006
 1st in Prologue Vuelta a la Independencia Nacional, Santo Domingo (DOM)
 1st in Stage 5 Vuelta al Oriente (VEN)
 1st in Stage 12 Vuelta a Venezuela, Cumaná (VEN)
2007
 1st in Stage 2 Vuelta al Estado Yaracuy, Nirgua (VEN)
 1st in Stage 8 Vuelta a Venezuela, Barinas circuito (VEN)
 1st in Stage 5 Vuelta al Estado Zulia, Maracaibo (VEN)
 3rd in General Classification Vuelta al Estado Zulia (VEN)
2008
 1st in Stage 6 Vuelta al Oriente, Puerto La Cruz (VEN)
 1st in Stage 2 Vuelta a Yacambu-Lara, Barquisimeto (VEN)
 1st in Stage 4 Vuelta a Yacambu-Lara, Quibor (VEN)
 1st in Stage 12 Vuelta a Venezuela, Barcelona (VEN)
2009
 1st in Clasico Ciudad de Valencia (VEN)
 2nd in Clasico Corre Por La Vida, Guanaré (VEN)
 1st in Stage 2 Vuelta al Estado Portugesa, Ospina circuito (VEN)
 1st in Stage 1 Vuelta Ciclista Aragua, Maracary (VEN)
 1st in Stage 5 Vuelta Ciclista Aragua (VEN)

References
 
Venezuelan cyclists

1979 births
Living people
Venezuelan male cyclists
Vuelta a Venezuela stage winners
Place of birth missing (living people)
Central American and Caribbean Games silver medalists for Venezuela
Competitors at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in cycling
20th-century Venezuelan people
21st-century Venezuelan people
Indra Adhikari (or I. P. Adhikari) is a Bhutanese journalist in exile. He was the founder of Bhutan News Service. He was a former Bhutanese refugee, forced to leave Bhutan along with his family in 1992.

He started The Shangrila Sandesh in 2001 but did not work for the paper for long. In 2004 he, along with Vidhyapati Mishra, started the Association of Press Freedom Activists (APFA) Bhutan. In 2007 they started Bhutan News Service. He worked in The Rising Nepal, The Himalayan Times, Nation Weekly and Nepalnews.com while living in Nepal as refugee.

Adhikari also taught Journalism and Development Communication for bachelor's and master's degrees in College of Journalism and Mass Communication between 2006 and 2010. He then moved to Australia under the resettlement program of the UNHCR for Bhutanese Refugees.

In Adelaide, Australia he founded Yuba Sansar, a weekly Nepali-language radio program aired through Radio Adelaide.

References

Bhutanese journalists
Nepalese refugees
Bhutanese refugees
Bhutanese emigrants to Nepal
Bhutanese people of Nepalese descent
The continent-ocean boundary (COB) or continent-ocean transition is the boundary between continental crust and oceanic crust on a passive margin. The identification of continent-ocean boundaries is important in the definition of plate boundaries at the time of break-up when trying to reconstruct the geometry and position of ancient continents e.g. in the reconstruction of Pangaea.

Techniques used in identification
 Gravity data inversion - Moho depth can be derived by the inversion of satellite gravity data and thereby crustal thickness
 Magnetic stripe data - Most areas of oceanic crust show characteristic stripes due to periodic magnetic reversals during formation at a mid-oceanic ridge. The continental crust is by contrast typically magnetically quiet.
 Wide-angle seismic refraction and reflection data - These data give a precise location for the COB by determining the P-wave velocities along a profile. The two types of crust have distinct P-wave velocities.

Economic importance
As hydrocarbon exploration moves further offshore to look for the remaining potential on passive margins, understanding the location of the COB is critical to predicting possible hydrocarbon occurrence. This is both from the likely location of source and reservoir rocks and the need to model the thermal effects of break-up in basin modelling

References

Structure of the Earth
Plume Academy is a secondary school with academy status located in the town of Maldon, Essex, England. The school is split over two separate campuses. Mill Road houses years 7 and 8, Fambridge Road years 9, 10 and 11 and the sixth form.

History
The Plume School was formed in 1970 as a new comprehensive to educate the children previously at Maldon Grammar School, then in Fambridge Road, and Maldon County Secondary School, in Mill Road, a secondary modern. The Plume School's first term began in September 1970. The Maldon Grammar School had been founded in 1608 by Ralph Breeder, a haberdasher and linen draper who was an alderman of the town's corporation. He left £300 in his will "for the maintenance of a schoolmaster to teach a grammar school within the town".

The new school created in 1970 bears the name of Thomas Plume who, on his death in 1704, bequeathed his library of 7,000 books to the town of Maldon, now housed at the Thomas Plume Library, and money for a schoolmaster and librarian to look after the collection. A history of the schools states that "The Plume School in its modern form was established as a comprehensive in 1970 and merged with the Maldon County Secondary School located at the current site."

Performance
Plume School is rated "good" in all four Ofsted categories (achievement of pupils, quality of teaching, behaviour and safety of pupils and leadership and management) of its most recent inspection.

Notable former pupils
 Ethan Lawrence, actor (Bad Education, After Life)

See also
Thomas Plume
List of schools in Essex
Maldon, Essex

References

External links
Thomas Plume's Library
Plume School

Secondary schools in Essex
Academies in Essex
Maldon, Essex
Educational institutions established in 1970
1970 establishments in England
Sir William Gleadowe-Newcomen, 1st Baronet (1741–21 August 1807) was an Anglo-Irish politician and banker.

Biography
Born William Gleadowe, he assumed the additional surname and arms of Newcomen following his marriage to Charlotte Newcomen, only child and heiress of Edward Newcomen, on 17 October 1772. On 9 October 1781 he was created a baronet, of Carrickglass in the Baronetage of Ireland.

Gleadowe-Newcomen was elected Company Secretary of the Royal Canal Company at its first meeting (13th November 1789). His involvement in the enterprise is recalled in the naming of Newcomen Bridge which spans the Royal Canal at North Strand and was completed in 1793.

He followed in his father's footsteps as a banker, running a private bank commonly known as Newcomen's Bank. The former bank building, later the Rates Office, located on Cork Hill, Dublin, is considered to be one of Dublin's finest eighteenth century buildings. It was designed by Thomas Ivory in 1781.

Between 1790 and 1800 Gleadowe-Newcomen was the Member of Parliament for County Longford in the Irish House of Commons. Following the Acts of Union 1800, he represented Longford in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom between 1801 and 1802.

On 29 July 1800 Gleadowe-Newcomen's wife was created Baroness Newcomen in the Peerage of Ireland in honour of her husband, with the remainder to his male heirs. Upon Gleadowe-Newcomen's death in 1807 he was succeeded by his son, Thomas Gleadowe-Newcomen. He also had three daughters, the eldest of whom, Teresa, married Sir Charles Turner of Kirkleatham. William Gleadowe-Newcomen is interred in a family tomb at Drumcondra Churchyard, as is his son Thomas.

References

 

1741 births
1807 deaths
18th-century Anglo-Irish people
19th-century Anglo-Irish people
Irish MPs 1790–1797
Irish MPs 1798–1800
Baronets in the Baronetage of Ireland
Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Longford constituencies
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Longford constituencies (1801–1922)
Newcomen family
UK MPs 1801–1802
François Ayoub (born on 11 July 1899 in Aleppo, Syria - died on 2 June 1966) was a Syrian Archbishop of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Aleppo and the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Cyprus.

Life
On 16 May 1925, Françoise Ayoub was ordained a priest. His appointment as Archbishop of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Cyprus took place on 28 November 1942 and he was consecrated bishop on 14 February 1943 by Maronite Patriarch of Antioch Anthony Peter Arida, and his co-consecrators were Abdallah Khoury, Titular bishop of Arca in Phoenicia dei Maroniti, Elie Rischa, Eparch of Baalbek, Elie Chedid, Titular Archbishop of Cyrruhs per i Maroniti, Michael Akras, Archeparch of Aleppo and Jean Elie El-Hage, Archeparch of Damascus. In 1950, he was co-consecrator of the Maronite Patriarch of Antioch Anthony Peter Khoraish. On 16 April 1954, Ayoub was named to the Archeparchy of Aleppo and at the same time he was appointed Apostolic Administrator of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Latakia. He participated in the four sessions of the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965).

References

External links
 http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bayoub.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20170702013321/http://www.apostolische-nachfolge.de/asien2.htm

1899 births
1966 deaths
20th-century Maronite Catholic bishops
Syrian Maronites
Place of death missing
Religious leaders from Aleppo
Participants in the Second Vatican Council
Philip Skaggs (born May 1, 1968) is an American politician who serves as the State Representative for Michigan's 80th House District in the Michigan House of Representatives. The 80th District includes the city of East Grand Rapids, Michigan, city of Kentwood, Michigan, portion of the city of Grand Rapids, Michigan, a portion of Grand Rapids Township, Michigan and Cascade Township, Michigan. He was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives in the newly drawn 80th district in the 2022 Michigan House of Representatives election.

Early life and education 

Skaggs is a graduate of the University of Michigan, where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in History in 1990 and a Master of Arts degree in History in 1994.. After graduation, Skaggs worked as a professor of history and then as a legislative and campaign staffer. Before his election to the State House, Skaggs was a Kent County Commissioner (2017–2021) and an East Grand Rapids City Commissioner (2012–2016).

State Representative
Skaggs serves as a member of the House Appropriations Committee and as the Chair of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Licensing and Regulatory Affairs and Department of Insurance and Financial Services. Skaggs has introduced legislation to prohibit assault weapons from being openly carried within 1000 feet of government buildings, establish a statewide septic inspection code, and requiring oral health screenings to enter kindergarten. In 2023 he proposed changing the state flag, citing that the Michigan flag is similar to many other states in that it is merely the Michigan state seal on a blue flag.

References 

1968 births
Living people
Members of the Michigan Legislature