Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Théophile Bidard de la Noë (11 March 1804 – 23 October 1877) was a French politician and law professor, although he might be most remembered as the employer and principal witness for the prosecution against serial killer Hélène Jégado in 1851.

Bidard was born in Rennes in 1804. He sat in the Constituent Assembly from 1848 to 1849 as a moderate republican and in the National Assembly from 1871 to 1876 as a member of the Orléanist parliamentary group, Centre droit.

He served as Mayor of Rennes.

References 

1804 births
1877 deaths
Moderate Republicans (France)
Orléanists
Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly
Members of the National Assembly (1871)
Crime witnesses
Mayors of Rennes
Academic staff of the University of Rennes
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Venice Borkhorsor (born April 6, 1950 in Nakhon Phanom) is a boxer from Thailand. He obtained the WBC World Flyweight Title on September 29, 1972 by defeating Betulio González in Bangkok, Thailand in a tenth round TKO and later defeating the Lineal Flyweight Champion Erbito Salavarria. He vacated the title following his last fight against Julio Guerrero on July 10, 1973.

Borkhorsor attempted unsuccessfully to take the World Bantamweight Title on October 13, 1973 from Rafael Herrera, losing in a fifteen round split decision on October 15, 1973.

In his career, he had an astounding .63 knockout percentage, a figure that was even higher in his first year of competition.  His dominance and quick rise to fame may have been partially explained by his southpaw stance.

Boxing career
Borkhorsor was a warrior with a strong punch. He won 49 of 57 bouts and scored 36 knockouts. During his career, he won the WBC Flyweight Championship of the World, his first and most prestigious title, the OPBF Bantamweight Championship, the Bantamweight Championship of Thailand and the Flyweight Championship of Thailand.

His Manager, Chana Supkaew brought him along with brilliant planning, mentoring him with great achievement and very few losses.

Borkhorsor started his more competitive boxing career in Bangkok around May 1968, in his first year obtaining seven knockouts in his first nine fights.  In his first five years of fighting, he lost only one of his more competitive matches.

His single loss in his early career was against Patjai Srijantopas in his first attempt at the Thai flyweight title.  He lost the ten round bout on points in Bangkok on May 31, 1969, only one year into his career fighting in Bangkok.

In his second attempt, Borkhorser won the Thai flyweight title on July 1970, at the age of 21 by defeating Ratanasak Vayupak in a ninth round TKO on July 17, 1970 in Bangkok, Thailand.

Later career and retirement from boxing
He held the OPBF Bantamweight title on February 11, 1975, when he defeated Bok-soo Hwang in a ninth round knockout in Bangkok.

He took the Thai Bantamweight title on July 27, 1979 from Duanesan Lukklongjan in a seventh round knockout in Bangkok, Thailand.

His single loss by knockout in the fourth round against Detkat Kiatboonyong, holder of the Thai Bantamweight title, on January 22, 1980 may have precipitated his retirement.  He retired with an exceptional record from more competitive boxing in August 1980, at the age of only thirty.

Professional boxing record

See also 
Lineal championship
List of WBC world champions
List of WBA world champions
List of flyweight boxing champions

References

External links 
 
Venice Borkhorsor - CBZ Profile

1950 births
Flyweight boxers
World boxing champions
World flyweight boxing champions
Venice Borkhorsor
Venice Borkhorsor
Living people
Venice Borkhorsor
Open Sesame is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Whodini. It was released on August 27, 1987 via Jive Records, the final album of new material the group would release on the label before moving to MCA Records. Audio production was handled almost entirely by Larry Smith, except for two tracks both produced by Sinister and Whodini. The record peaked at #30 on the Billboard 200, at #8 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on January 20, 1988.

The album spawned the single "Be Yourself" featuring Millie Jackson, which peaked at #20 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

Track listing 

Samples
Track 1 contains elements from "Long Red" by Mountain (1972)
Track 2 contains elements from "Impeach the President" by The Honey Drippers (1973), "The Payback" by James Brown (1973), "Get Up, Get Into It, Get Involved" by James Brown (1970), "Say What?" by Trouble Funk (1983)
Track 7 contains elements from "Dance to the Drummer's Beat" by Herman Kelly & Life (1978)

Personnel
Jalil Hutchins - performer, producer (tracks: 2, 9)
John "Ecstacy" Fletcher - performer, producer (tracks: 2, 9)
Mildred Jackson - performer (track 2)
Lawrence Michael Smith - producer (tracks: 1, 3-8, 10-12)
Sinister - producer (tracks: 2, 9)
Roy Cormier - co-producer (tracks: 2, 9)
Bryan "Chuck" New - mixing (tracks: 1, 3-8, 10-12)
Rod Hui - mixing (tracks: 2, 9)
Douglas Rowell - photography
Maude Gilman - art direction

Certifications

References

External links 

1987 albums
Whodini albums
Jive Records albums
Albums produced by Larry Smith (producer)
Optic nerve glioma (or optic glioma), a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis 1.

Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm. Optic gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in 30% of people with the condition.

Optic nerve gliomas have low mortality but extremely high prevalence of vision loss & eye-bulging exophthalmos) in children. As of 2014, approximately 1000 cases had been reported.

Diagnosis
Optic nerve gliomas are diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans. The tumor adopts a fusiform appearance, appearing wider in the middle and tapered at the ends. Enlargement of the optic nerve along with a downward kink in the mid-orbit is usually observed. While CT scans allow for optic nerve evaluation, MRI allows for intracranial evaluation to observe if the tumor has extended to other regions such as the optic chiasm & hypothalamus.

Treatment
The main goal of treating optic gliomas is to preserve vision for as long as possible. The tumor’s slow & self-limiting growth indicates that it is not immediately problematic in most benign cases, with long-term studies showing that people with optic glioma may still have stable functional vision without intervention. As a result, the first & preferred course of action is usually observation of optic glioma over time.

Once the first signs of visual deterioration and/or tumor progression are observed, interventional treatments will then commence. These include radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgical excision. While being the most effective therapy, radiation has shown damaging effects on the already compromised intellect as well as an increase in vascular issues & second tumor formation in children with neurofibromatosis 1. However, fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (FSRT) is gaining traction as the most preferred interventional treatment for optic nerve glioma due to its combination of the therapeutic efficiency of radiation therapy without the negative side effects. Chemotherapy has also been shown to be a safer alternative to most radiation therapies & surgery for very young children (under the age of 3). However, the optimal chemotherapeutic therapy has not been defined, with risks of different toxicities still observed in older children. Surgery is considered the final choice of treatment, due to the high risk of blindness & damage to the affected eye. It is considered in only certain scenarios, such as relieving a cosmetically unappealing bulging eye (exophthalmos), removing an enlarging and/or expanding tumor or a combination of both.

Prognosis
Optic gliomas alternate between periods of inactivity and growth, making their clinical presentation variable & clinical course unpredictable. Once the optic chiasm is involved, the prognosis for life & vision worsens.

References

External links 

 

Nervous system neoplasia
Jean Résal (22 October 1854, in Besançon – 14 November 1919, in Paris) was a French civil engineer. He was a professor of mechanical engineering at the École polytechnique, and designed several metal bridges in France, especially bridges above the Seine in Paris:

The career of the brilliant student of the École des ponts ParisTech was always an upward ladder: service in the Roads and Bridges Department at the Loire-Atlantique Département and thereafter in the shipping authority in Paris. Résal succeeded the student of Saint-Venant, Alfred-Aimé Flamant (1839-1915), at the Chair of Strength of Materials at the École des ponts ParisTech in 1892. Although Résal had already published a two-volume work on arch bridges together with Ernest Degrand (1822-1892), he concentrated on the theory and practice of steel bridges from a very early stage and had a profound influence on steel bridges at the transition from the discipline-formation to the consolidation period of theory of structures.

 Nantes Résal Bridge (rail), destroyed during the Second World War, rebuilt in concrete
 Road bridge over the Erdre (Nantes), appointed first bridge Barbin, then Pont du General de la Motte Rouge.
 Mirabeau bridge in Paris (road bridge, 93 m range)
 Alexandre-III Bridge (Paris) (highway bridge, 107 m range)
 Bercy bridge (Paris)
 Gateway Debilly (Paris)
 Bridge of Notre-Dame (Paris)

The bold steel arches of the Pont Général-de-la-Motte-Rouge (1885) in Nantes, Pont Mirabeau (1896) in Paris, Pont de l'Université (1899), Pont Alexandre III (1900) and Pont Notre-Dame (1914) in Paris set standards for steel bridges. All those bridges listed could only be built as a result of Résal’s research into elasticity and the strength of structural steels, work that he summarised in a monograph (1892). Furthermore, Résal made a lasting contribution to earth pressure theory (1903, 1910), which Albert Caquot would use successfully as his starting point.

The Résal effect is named after him.

Works 
Ponts métalliques, 2 Volumes 1885,  Online
With Ernest Degrand: Ponts en maçonnerie, 2 Volumes, 1887,  Volume 1 Online Volume 2 Online
Constructions métalliques, élasticité et résistance des matériaux, fonte, fer et acier, 1892, Online
Résistance des matériaux. Cours de l'École des ponts et chaussées, 1892; 1922, Online
mit Amédée Alby: Notes sur la construction du pont Alexandre III, 1899
Stabilité des constructions. Cours de l'École des ponts et chaussées, 1901,  Online
Poussée des terres, stabilité des murs de soutènement, 1903,  Online
Cours de ponts métalliques professé à l'École nationale des ponts et chaussées. Ponts en arcs et ponts suspendus, 3 Bände, 1912–1922, Online

Achievements

References

French bridge engineers
People from Besançon
1854 births
1919 deaths
This is a partial list of religious groups in Korea.

Buddhist

 Jogye Order
 Cheontae
 Taego Order
 Won Buddhism

Christian

 Anglican Church of Korea
 Catholic Church in South Korea
 Christian Congregation of Jehovah's Witnesses
 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in South Korea
 Korea Baptist Convention
 Korea Campus Crusade for Christ
 Korean Orthodox Church
 Presbyterian Church of Korea
 Providence
 Unification Church
 All Nations Church
 World Mission Society Church of God

Other
 Bocheon-gyo
 Cheondogyo
 Daesun Jinrihoe
 Jeung San Do
 Jeungsanism
 Juche
 Muism
 Taejonggyo

See also
 Hinduism in South Korea
 Islam in Korea
 Korean Confucianism
 Religion in Korea
 Religion in North Korea
 Religion in South Korea
 Taoism in Korea

External links
http://www.dlibrary.go.kr/JavaClient/jsp/wonmun/full2.jsp?v_kw_str=(韓國新宗敎實態調査報告書)&v_db=4&v_doc_no=104211&mode=1

Religious groups
In film studies, historical poetics is a scholarly approach to studying film, which David Bordwell outlined in his book Making Meaning (1989). Poetics studies the text itself rather than its production, reception or cultural significance and it can therefore be seen as a logical first step - though expressly not the last step - in terms of understanding how a narrative text (i.e. a television series or a film) works.

Overview
Bordwell argues that theory-driven, interpretative approaches should be eschewed and argued that historical poetics was a better approach to studying film. Bordwell argues that "[a]ny inquiry into the fundamental principles by which a work in any representational medium is constructed can fall within the domain of poetics." Henry Jenkins makes a distinction between descriptive poetics and prescriptive poetics where the former examine "how artworks have been constructed" and the latter make a case for "how artworks should be constructed." Much of Bordwell's own research falls within the former category while an example of the latter is the Dogme 95 Manifesto by Danish directors Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg.

Bordwell's research into the stylistic changes in Hollywood cinema demonstrates four specific changes: the use of more rapid editing, an increasingly frequent use of very long or very short lenses, a more prevalent use of close shots, and more camera movement.

Historical poetics and neoformalism are part of the "post-theory" trend in film studies. Bordwell has repeatedly argued that some approaches — ones based in "Grand Theories" — do not study films per se but instead use films to confirm predetermined theoretical frameworks. He and Noël Carroll coined the term "S.L.A.B. theory" which refers to theorists Saussure, Lacan, Althusser, and Barthes. Historical poetics is considered to be related to cognitive film theory.

See also
 Descriptive poetics
 Hermeneutics
 Linguistic film theory
 Philosophy of film
 Poetics
 Poetics of Cinema

References

Film theory
Grigoriy Alekseyevich Oparin (; born 1 July 1997) is a Russian-American chess player. He was awarded the title Grandmaster by FIDE in 2013.

Career
Oparin was awarded the title of Candidate Master in 2007, as a result of his second place, behind Kirill Alekseenko, at the European Youth Chess Championships in the Under 10 division. He was awarded the title International Master (IM) in 2011. The norms required for the title were achieved in Mariánské Lázně, Czech Republic, Autumn in Livingroom V. Dvorkovich and RSSU-18 IM tournaments in Moscow in 2009, 2011 Aeroflot Open B tournament, and First Saturday Tournament of April 2011 in Budapest.

2010s
In May 2012 he finished third, behind Vladislav Artemiev and Vladimir Belous, at the World Youth Stars tournament in Kirishi. In July 2013 Oparin played for the silver medal-winning Russian team in the World Youth Under-16 Chess Olympiad in Chongqin, China. In this competition he also won an individual gold medal as the best player on board 2. In September, he won the Trieste Open. With this victory he achieved his third and final norm required for the title of Grandmaster (GM), the first two coming from the 2011 Chigorin Memorial and Masters Open of the 2013 Gibraltar Chess Festival.

In March 2014, Oparin scored 7½/11 points in the European Individual Chess Championship, which qualified the top 23 finishers to the FIDE World Cup. He tied for 10th-24th places, finishing 24th on tiebreak score. The following month, he won the Russian Junior Championship. Two years later, he won the Russian Higher League, the qualifier for the Superfinal of the Russian Chess Championship. In this latter event, he scored 5½/11 points. 

In December 2016, Oparin took part in the Nutcracker Match of the Generations in Moscow. It was a match between two teams, Kings (Boris Gelfand, Alexander Morozevich, Alexei Shirov and Alexey Dreev) and Princes (Vladimir Fedoseev, Daniil Dubov, Vladislav Artemiev and Oparin), held with the Scheveningen system. Oparin and Shirov were the best players scoring 10 points and played a two-game playoff match. Oparin won by 1½-½ and qualified to play in the Kortchnoi Zurich Chess Challenge.

2020s
In November 2021, Oparin took the 3rd place in the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2021, thus becoming the 2nd runner-up behind the champion Alireza Firouzja and the 1st runner-up Fabiano Caruana. Oparin and Caruana had both 7.5 points but Oparin had a weaker tiebreak. However, he qualified to take part in the FIDE Grand Prix 2022. In the first leg of the FIDE Grand Prix 2022, he placed last in Pool B with a 2.5/6 result. In the third leg, he finished second in Pool A with a result of 3.5/6, finishing 14th in the standings with four points.

Notes

References

External links
 
 
 
 
 

1997 births
Living people
Chess grandmasters
Russian chess players
American chess players
The Samoa Hockey Association is the governing body of field hockey in Samoa, Oceania. Its headquarters are in Apia, Samoa. It is affiliated to IHF International Hockey Federation and OCF Oceania Hockey Federation.

Faamausili Taiva Ah Young is the president of Hockey Association of Samoa and Mitimiti Falesii is the general secretary.

See also
Oceania Hockey Federation

References

External links
 Samoa Hockey Association

National members of the Oceania Hockey Federation
Sport in Samoa
Arthur Edwin Paul Baumgarten (31 March 1884 in Königsberg, East Prussia – 27 November 1966 in East Berlin, East Germany) was a German-Swiss jurist and legal philosopher. After voluntary exile in Switzerland, Baumgarten became a prominent legal scholar in East Germany.

Biography 
Baumgarten was born on 31 March 1884 in Königsberg, East Prussia, a son of the anatomist and bacteriologist Paul Baumgarten. He visited the Humanistisches Gymnasium in Tübingen, where he graduated in 1902, and went on to study jurisprudence in Tübingen, Geneva and Leipzig.

He earned a doctorate in jurisprudence in 1909 in Berlin. His doctoral advisor was Franz von Liszt. In the same year, he became professor for criminal law at the University of Cologne. In the years from 1923 to 1930, he taught in Basel. Following a stay in Frankfurt am Main, Baumgarten chose voluntary exile in Switzerland by returning to Basel, as the Nazis eventually took power in Germany in the summer of 1933. There he taught legal philosophy from 1933 to 1946.

In 1935, he visited the Soviet Union, where he contacted likewise exiled German communists. In 1944, he co-founded the Swiss Party of Labor.

In 1946, he accepted an invitation as visiting professor in Leipzig. Eventually, he was appointed full professor in Berlin in 1948. From 1952 to 1960, he was the president of German Academy for State- and Legal Sciences.

Baumgarten died on 27 November 1966 in Berlin, East Germany. He remained a Swiss citizen until his death.

Legacy 

Baumgarten's main field of interest was legal philosophy. Originally unimpressed and opposed to Marxism and socialist conceptions of life, he later turned towards Marxism himself. As a legal philosopher, he sought to combine the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment and a Marxist interpretation of socialism. Albeit briefly an important figure in legal affairs in young East Germany, his views were in content largely opposed by East German legal theory dominated by figures like Walter Ulbricht and Karl Polak. Despite similar views having been popular among some of his contemporaries, such as Karl Bönninger and Hermann Klenner, they were suppressed early-on by Ulbricht and Polak, most notably at the Babelsberg Conference. While Baumgarten was always held in high regard at a personal level, the influence of Ulbricht and Polak caused his ideas to gain little traction in the audience of the time.

References

External links
 Arthur Baumgarten in the Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (in French)

1884 births
1966 deaths
Jurists from Königsberg
The Gaited Horse Magazine is a defunct international magazine catering to people interested in gaited horses. Originally based in tiny Elk, Washington, it soon moved to the small town of Deer Park, Washington. The magazine was co-founded in 1997 by Rhonda Hart (later Rhonda Hart Poe, now Rhonda Massingham Hart), an author of multiple horse, garden, and how-to books, Alyson Stockham, a Peruvian Paso horse breeder, and Becky Turner, a freelance artist and sculptor, who left in the early days of the magazine to pursue her artistry.

Issues
Issues were published quarterly. Issues of the magazine offered guest-written articles by well known experts in the field, such as Lee Zeigler (author of Easy Gaited Horses), and Liz Graves, an expert horse trainer and clinician who specializes in gaited horses.

Controversy
The Gaited Horse covered several controversial issues in the horse world, such as soring, the illegal practice of intentionally harming horses in order to effect their gaits. The biggest controversy at the time seemed to be battling the notion many non-gaited horse people had that horses had to be forced to gait (via methods such as soring). Most of the magazine was dedicated to showcasing naturally gaited horses.

End of publication
After a decade in the business, the magazine folded in 2007, due mostly to lack of subscription sales and advertising, in spite of being popular mostly in the Southern United States and Europe. The magazine published a "Sunset issue" as a way of saying goodbye. The Sunset issue was the most successful to date.

A few copies of back issues are still available, including the Sunset issue, and another very popular issue about Elvis Presley's horses. However, the print version of The Gaited Horse magazine has not existed since 2007. Unfortunately, someone picked up the magazine's original website address after the publication ceased. As of July 23, 2020, the original creators of The Gaited Horse magazine discovered that this imitator is using copyrighted material from the original magazine (including the logo, website copy and various articles) without their knowledge or consent, and are endeavoring to correct this unauthorized use of their work. This new version has no affiliation with the original magazine, The Gaited Horse, or with any of its founders. 

Rhonda Hart is still writing. Alyson Stockham still breeds Peruvian Pasos, as well as a breed she invented called the Fox-Uvian, a Missouri Fox Trotter/Peruvian Paso cross. Becky Turner still practices her art.

References

External links
 Official website

1997 establishments in Washington (state)
Hobby magazines published in the United States
Lifestyle magazines published in the United States
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Defunct magazines published in the United States
Equine magazines
Magazines established in 1997
Magazines with year of disestablishment missing
Magazines published in Washington (state)