Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparent spontaneous origin. From Greek ἴδιος idios "one's own" and πάθος pathos "suffering", idiopathy means approximately "a disease of its own kind". For some medical conditions, one or more causes are somewhat understood, but in a certain percentage of people with the condition, the cause may not be readily apparent or characterized. In these cases, the origin of the condition is said to be idiopathic. With some other medical conditions, the root cause for a large percentage of all cases have not been established—for example, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or ankylosing spondylitis; the majority of these cases are deemed idiopathic. Certain medical conditions, when idiopathic, notably some forms of epilepsy, and stroke are preferentially described by the synonymous term of cryptogenic.

Medical advances and this term
Advances in medical science improve the understanding of causes of diseases and the classification of diseases; thus, regarding any particular condition or disease, as more root causes are discovered and as events that seemed spontaneous have their origins revealed, the percentage of cases designated as idiopathic decreases.

Usage of synonyms
The word essential is sometimes synonymous with idiopathic (as in essential hypertension, essential thrombocythemia, and essential tremor) and the same is true of primary (as in primary biliary cholangitis, or primary amenorrhea), with the latter term being used in such cases to contrast with secondary in the sense of "secondary to [i.e., caused by] some other condition." Another, less common synonym is agnogenic (agno-, "unknown" + -gen, "cause" + -ic). 

The word cryptogenic (crypto-, "hidden" + -gen, "cause" + -ic) has a sense that is synonymous with idiopathic and a sense that is contradistinguished from it. Some disease classifications prefer the use of the synonymous term cryptogenic disease as in cryptogenic stroke, and cryptogenic epilepsy. The use of cryptogenic is also sometimes reserved for cases where it is presumed that the cause is simple and will be found in the future.

Some congenital conditions are idiopathic, and sometimes the word congenital is used synonymously with idiopathic; but careful usage prefers to reserve the word congenital for conditions to which the literal sense of the word applies (that is, those whose pathophysiology has existed since the neonatal period).

Syndrome without a name
The term syndrome without a name (SWAN) is used "when a child or young adult is believed to have a genetic condition and testing has failed to identify its genetic cause". It is believed that "about half (50%) of children with learning disabilities and approximately 60% of children with congenital disabilities (disabilities which are apparent from birth) do not have a definitive diagnosis to explain the cause of their difficulties".

See also
 Diagnosis of exclusion
 Embolic stroke of undetermined source
 Functional disorder
 Idiosyncratic drug reaction
 Fever of unknown origin

References

External links 
 

 
Medical terminology
Nosology
St. Columba Cathedral  is a parish and the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Youngstown, in Youngstown, Ohio, United States.

History

St. Columba Parish
The first Mass celebrated in Youngstown occurred in 1826. St. Columba Parish was founded in 1847, the year that Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Cleveland, of which Youngstown was a part.  The first church was completed in 1850.  As the parish grew, it required a larger church, which it completed in 1868.  The first parish school building was opened three years later.

The parish continued to grow and constructed yet another church which opened in 1897. Bishop Ignatius Horstmann consecrated the sanctuary in 1903.  The parish added a convent for the Ursuline Sisters the same year and the copper-covered spires in 1927. The parish continued to use the 1868 church until it was demolished in 1940.

St. Columba Cathedral
Pope Pius XII established the Diocese of Youngstown on May 15, 1943, Bishop James A. McFadden chose St. Columba as cathedral of the new diocese.    The parish opened a new school to the rear of the cathedral in 1952.  Two years later, on September 2 a disastrous fire destroyed the cathedral. The diocese selected Diehl and Diehl Architects of Detroit to design the new cathedral in the Modern architectural style. Charles Shutrump and Sons Company of Youngstown was the contractor.  The new cathedral was completed in 1958 and it became the fourth structure to house the parish.  An  statue of St. Columba by Joseph M. DiLauro of Detroit occupies a space at the southwest corner of the entrance. It is sculpted from four blocks of Mankato stone.  The cathedral celebrated its first English-language Mass in 1964 while the Second Vatican Council was in session.

See also
List of Catholic cathedrals in the United States
List of cathedrals in the United States

References

External links

Official Cathedral Site
Roman Catholic Diocese of Youngstown Official Site

Religious organizations established in 1847
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1958
Columba Youngstown
Churches in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Youngstown
Churches in Youngstown, Ohio
Modernist architecture in Ohio
Churches in Mahoning County, Ohio
Tourist attractions in Youngstown, Ohio
1847 establishments in Ohio
20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States
Team CCB Foundation–Sicleri is an American UCI Continental cycling team founded in 1980. They are headquartered outside Boston, Massachusetts. The team gained UCI Continental status in 2017.

Team roster

References

UCI Continental Teams (America)
Cycling teams established in 1980
Cycling teams based in the United States
Ugrenović is a Serbian and Croatian surname. It may refer to:

Aleksandar Ugrenović, Yugoslav forestry professor
Dragan Ugrenović, footballer
Đorđe Ugrenović, a victim in the Goraždevac murders

See also
Ugrinović
Dragomir Ugren

Croatian surnames
Serbian surnames
Koernickanthe is a genus of plants. It contains only one recognized species, Koernickanthe orbiculata (Körn.) L.Andersson, native to Brazil, Bolivia and Suriname.

References

Marantaceae
Monotypic Zingiberales genera
Flora of Brazil
Flora of Bolivia
Flora of Suriname
Mossi may refer to:
Mossi people
Mossi language
Mossi Kingdoms
 the Mossi, a Burkinabe variant of the Dongola horse
Mossi (given name)
Mossi (surname)

See also
Mossie (disambiguation)
Mossy (disambiguation)
Mozzi (disambiguation)
Stewart Creek is a  long 1st order tributary to the Roaring River in Wilkes County, North Carolina.

Course
Stewart Creek rises about 1.5 miles southwest of Lomax, North Carolina and then flows southwest to join the Roaring River at about 6 miles northwest of Roaring River, North Carolina.

Watershed
Stewart Creek drains  of area, receives about 50.7 in/year of precipitation, has a wetness index of 323.98, and is about 62% forested.

References

Rivers of North Carolina
Bodies of water of Wilkes County, North Carolina
Dàimh (pronounced "dive") is a folk band which performs in Scottish Gaelic.

Its members are Angus MacKenzie (whistle/bagpipes), Gabe McVarish (fiddle), Ellen MacDonald (voice/bagpipes), Murdo Cameron (mandolin/accordion) and Ross Martin (guitar). In addition, Calum Alex MacMillan sang with them on their album Crossing Point.

Dàimh was established in the western Gàidhealtachd as this was the homeland of the original members. Angus MacKenzie is from Mabou, Nova Scotia, on Cape Breton Island; Gabe McVarish is from California; Ross Martin is from Arisaig; Griogair Labhruidh is from Balloch; and Murdo Cameron from Glenelg.

The group has released seven albums.

Discography 
 Moidart to Mabou (2000)
 1. Welcome to Scotsville
 2. Go Jerry!
 3. Oran Eile do'n Phrionnsa
 4. Goat Island
 5. Nighean Donn a' Chuailein Riomhaich
 6. Strathspeys & Reels
 7. The King
 8. The Brown One
 9. Song & March
 10. Polkas
 11. Wise Maid Set
 Pirates of Puirt (2004)
 1. Supernose
 2. Wreckd ‘er
 3. Slippy Sean’s
 4. The Funny Whistle
 5. Bonny Doon
 6. C Tune
 7. Toad
 8. The Sandy Lad
 9. Mazurka
 10. The Lady’s Dance
 Crossing Point (2007) Greentrax
 1. Dòmhnaill Mòr
 2. Mo Nighean Chruinn Donn
 3. Trip to Glenfinnan
 4. Anxo's
 5. Nuair a Chi Thu Caileag Bhòidheach
 6. Turbo Shandy
 7. Òran a Mhagarine
 8. Murdo's
 9. Sealg a's Sùgradh nan Gleann
 10. Eathar Dubh a Bradhagair
 11. Dram
 12. Polkas
 Diversions (2010)
 1. Sporan Dhòmhnaill
 2. Ida’s Jig
 3. Mo Mhàili Bheag Òg
 4. Lads and Lasses
 5. An Caol Loch Eilt
 6.Taighean Geala
 7.‘S dubh choisich mi ‘n oidhche
 8. Clann Mhàrtainn
 9. He ‘m èille
 10. Lock and Load
 11. Nan ceadaicheadh an tìde dhomh
 Tuneship (2014)
 1. Raasay
 2. Barra to Balloch
 3. Coddywatch
 4. Siud Agaibh an Deoch a dh’ Òlainn
 5. Bottle for Brigg
 6. Stormy Hill
 7. Hiù ra bhò Nuair a Chaidh mi a Ghlaschu
 8. The Gannet
 9. Mo Ghleannan Taobh Loch Lìobhann
 10. Banjo's Favourite
 The Hebridean Sessions (2015)
 1. Locheil's awa’ to France
 2. Dhannsamaid le Ailean
 3. O fair a-nall am botal
 4. Bog an Iochan
 5. Mike MacDougall's O' KEeefe's Pattern day
 6. Cuir a-nall Mor-a-bhitheag
 7. Gur e mo ghille dubh dhonn
 8. Biodag aig MacThomais
 9. Oran an tombaca
 10. The Lassies Fashion
 The Rough Bounds (2018)
 1. ’S Trusaidh mi na Coilleagan
 2. 12th of June
 3. Tha Fadachd orm Fhìn
 4. Donald MacLeod Reels
 5. Òran Bhàgh a’ Chàise
 6. Mary's Fancy
 7. A Nìghneag a Ghràidh
 8. Bodach Innse Chrò
 9. Happy Fish
 10. Turas Dhòmhsa Chun na Galldachd
 11. Chì mi’n Toman

Other performances 
The band played at the Cèilidh a' Cho-fhlaitheis at Pacific Quay beside the BBC building in Glasgow in 2014. Dòmhnall Seathach performed with them. They were recorded on BBC Alba.

References

External links 
 Official website
 
 SoundCloud page

Celtic music groups
Scottish Gaelic music
Scottish folk music groups
Manuela Soto Sosa (born February 8, 1991) is a Swiss-Uruguayan multidisciplinary artist. She is known for her work in tattoo, illustration, design, and art direction. In 2018, she designed the cover art for the single "When the party's over" by the American singer Billie Eilish.

Early life 
Manuela Soto Sosa was born in Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland to a Swiss mother and a Uruguayan political refugee father of Charrúa descent.
She was raised in Lausanne, Switzerland where she studied illustration and started tattooing in 2010 at age 18.

Career

Tattoo 

Soto Sosa began her career as a tattoo artist in 2010 under the name "Soto Gang". Her artistic style is influenced by Japanese anime, Chicano fine line tattooing and an aesthetic from the 1990s and 2000s promoting self-love and empowerment. In 2018, V magazine described her as "The Cardi B of Tattoo Artistry". From 2014 to 2018 she went on a world tour tattooing in Europe, Asia and the United States.
In 2018, she moved to Los Angeles, California and co-founded Sang Bleu LA, the third branch of the Sang Bleu tattoo studios. In the same year, she designed Billie Eilish's "When the party's over" single cover. Two years later, in 2020, she stepped down from her position as co-owner of Sang Bleu LA and opened Softflex, a multi-disciplinary creative studio located downtown Los Angeles.

Fashion 

In 2019, Soto Sosa launched a clothing brand named Soto Worldwide. She has collaborated on capsule collections and merchandise design with Billie Eilish, Lil Miquela, Flossgloss, Sean Pablo's Paradise NYC.

Art exhibitions

References 

1991 births
Living people
21st-century Swiss women artists
Swiss people of Uruguayan descent
Cloverton is an unincorporated community in New Dosey Township, Pine County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located east of Sandstone; at the junction of Cloverton Road (Pine County 31) and Rutabaga Road (County 32). The Gandy Dancer Trail passes through Cloverton.  Hay Creek and the Upper Tamarack River are both nearby.

Cloverton is located near the Minnesota–Wisconsin state line. Nearby places in Minnesota include Markville, Kingsdale, and Duxbury. Nearby places in Wisconsin include Cozy Corner, Dairyland, and Danbury.

Cloverton is located 28 miles east of Sandstone; and 23 miles east of Askov. Cloverton is four miles west of Cozy Corner, WI; and nine miles west-southwest of Dairyland. Douglas County Road T is nearby.

The Nemadji State Forest and the Saint Croix State Forest are both nearby.

Cloverton is 32 miles northeast of Cloverdale; and 18 miles north of Danbury.

The community is located within ZIP code 55072 based in Sandstone.

History
Cloverton was named for wild clover in the area or for the Red Clover Land Company, a major landowner in the township in 1916.  The Soo Line Railroad opened in the community in 1911.  A post office operated in Cloverton from 1912 until 1972.

References

 Rand McNally Road Atlas – 2007 edition – Minnesota entry
 Official State of Minnesota Highway Map – 2011/2012 edition

Unincorporated communities in Pine County, Minnesota
Unincorporated communities in Minnesota
Muwamari is a medium size village located in Dhing of Nagaon district, Assam, India with total 156 families residing. The Muwamari village has population of 826 of which 428 are males while 398 are females as per Population Census 2011.

In Muwamari village population of children with age 0-6 is 180 which makes up 21.79% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Muwamari village is 930 which is lower than Assam state average of 958. Child Sex Ratio for the Muwamari as per census is 978, higher than Assam average of 962.

Muwamari village has lower literacy rate compared to Assam. In 2011, literacy rate of Muwamari village was 44.74% compared to 72.19% of Assam. In Muwamari Male literacy stands at 46.29% while female literacy rate was 43.04%.

As per constitution of India and Panchyati Raaj Act, Muwamari village is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village) who is elected representative of village.

Villages in Nagaon district
The term formal operation may refer to:

 the formal operational period in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
 a formal calculation in mathematical logic.
Idhayam ( 'Heart') is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language soap opera on Sun TV. It is a prime-time serial. The show was broadcast from 10 August 2009 to 3 February 2012 at 7:30PM (IST) and 10:00PM (IST) for 627 episodes.

The show is produced by Sathya Jyothi Films, directed by B. Nithyanandam and written by Annakill R.Selvaraj. It was also aired in Sri Lanka Tamil Channel on Shakthi TV.

Plot
Prasad rapes Nandhini in a forest by spraying chloroform out of lust. A few years later she is about to marry Shankar, Prasad's friend, much to Prasad's surprise. He still lusts and wants her as his mistress. But his heart suddenly changes, and he gets an urge to marry her. Nandhini's mother-in-law Kalyani is against his wish and make sure he cannot even touch her shadow. As possessive and chauvinist husband Shankar disowns Nandhini for losing her virginity before their marriage.

Cast

Main cast
 Nithya Das as Nandini Shankar
 Seetha as Dr. Kalyani Devarajan (died in the serial)
 Sanjeev as Valmiki
 Shreekumar as Shankar Devarajan

Recurring cast
 Nalini as Mangalam 
 Ravikumar as Gangadharan
 Sathyapriya as Padma
 Chitra Lakshmanan as Devarajan
 T. P. Gajendran 
 Shari
 Rajashree / Varsha
 Devadarshini as Jeya
 Neelima Rani as Sumathi
 Shyam Ganesh 
 Yugendran
 Sai Prashanth as Prasad
 Vijay Sarathy as Ganesh
 Ramesh
 Sudha
 Vasanth
 Rajini Nivetha
 K.Manokhar
 Bharthy

Remake

The series was remade in Hindi as Dil Se Diya Vachan which aired on Zee TV in 2010-2011. The remake starred Vandana Joshi as Nandini Rajadhyaksha (Nandini), Gaurav Khanna as Prem Rajadhyaksha (Piream) and Neena Gupta as Dr. Kalyani Rajadhyaksha (Dr.Kalyani).

Awards and nominations

See also
 List of programs broadcast by Sun TV
 List of TV shows aired on Sun TV (India)

References

External links
 Vision Time on YouTube
 Official Website 
 Sun TV on YouTube
 Sun TV Network 
 Sun Group 

Sun TV original programming
Tamil-language medical television series
2000s Tamil-language television series
2009 Tamil-language television series debuts
2012 Tamil-language television series endings
Tamil-language television shows
The 1955 Tourist Trophy may refer to the following races:
 The 1955 Isle of Man TT, for Grand Prix Motorcycles
 The 1955 RAC Tourist Trophy, for sports cars held at Dundrod
 The 1955 Dutch TT, for Grand Prix Motorcycles held at Assen
Sukeforth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clyde Sukeforth (1901–2000), American baseball player, coach, scout, and manager
Gary Sukeforth (born 1960), American politician and businessman
Enterprise was a private wooden motorboat owned by Elsie C. Stewart purchased by the United States Navy for $24,101 for non-commissioned  service as a Section Patrol craft with the assigned number 790 in the 2nd Naval District during the period of United States participation in World War I.

Footnotes

References

See also 
List of ships of the United States Navy named Enterprise

Patrol vessels of the United States Navy
World War I patrol vessels of the United States
Motorboats of the United States Navy
Linda Margaret Larson (born 1948 or 1949) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia in the 2013 provincial election. She represented the electoral district of Boundary-Similkameen as a member of the British Columbia Liberal Party until 2020.

Prior to her election to the Legislative Assembly, Larson was a municipal councillor and mayor in Oliver.

Electoral record

References

British Columbia Liberal Party MLAs
Women MLAs in British Columbia
British Columbia municipal councillors
Living people
People from Oliver, British Columbia
Women municipal councillors in Canada
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians
1940s births
Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) is an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Elbe-Elster, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Massen-Niederlausitz.

The Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) consists of the following municipalities:
Crinitz
Lichterfeld-Schacksdorf
Massen-Niederlausitz
Sallgast

Demography 

Kleine Elster
Elbe-Elster
Gilbert Deane may refer to:
 Gilbert Deane (priest), Anglican priest in Ireland
 Gilbert A. Deane, American politician from New York

See also
 Gilbert Dean, American lawyer and politician from New York
Zuckerzeit (German: Sugar Time) is the third studio album by German band Cluster, released in 1974 on Brain Records. It was co-produced by Michael Rother, their bandmate in side-project Harmonia. The music on Zuckerzeit marks a shift from Cluster's abrasive early work toward a more rhythmic, pop-oriented sound. Pitchfork ranked the album at number 63 on its list of the top 100 albums of the 1970s, while writer and musician Julian Cope included Zuckerzeit in his "Krautrock Top 50" list.

Background
Zuckerzeit was recorded following Cluster's move from West Berlin to the countryside of Forst, and came after their collaboration with Neu! guitarist Michael Rother on the 1973 Harmonia album Musik von Harmonia. The album's short instrumental tracks marked the group's shift toward a pop-oriented style which utilized cheap drum machines and synthesizers. Each track is a solo composition, with the two members recording separately on different days; The Quietus noted that "it is in reality two solo EPs masquerading as a joint release."

Rother is credited as co-producer, but his primary role was to leave the group some of his equipment, including Farfisa instruments, a four-track recorder, a stereo mixer, and an Elka Drummer One drum machine. With the latter, the group experimented with mixing up multiple preset rhythms at once, as well as running the drum machine through echo, vibrato, and wah pedals, and cutting parts of the rhythm entirely.

Reception

John Bush of AllMusic described Zuckerzeit as "an unexpected jump from the extended kosmische jams of Cluster 71 into uncharted territory [...] fusing the duo's haunted melodic sense with crisp, scratchy drum programs." Andy Beta of Pitchfork described it as "electronic pop at its most protean," and compared it to "a sugar overload: giddy, infectious, manic and a little queasy." Peter Cauvel of Vinyl Me, Please stated that "even with drum machines and synths, Cluster pushed past the rigidity that defined their more successful peers in Kraftwerk, making spacier, improvisational electronic music."

Legacy
In a review of Cluster's 1971–1981 box set, AllMusic's Paul Simpson called the album a "masterpiece [that] combined trippy drum machine rhythms with woozy, pastoral melodies, resulting in a skewed, playful vision of futuristic pop. The recording remains a watershed moment in electronic music, and is easily one of the best albums of the '70s." Writer Ulrich Adelt stated that the album's "influence on electronic music was significant, and many more contemporary groups have copied [its] lo-fi sound." The Quietus stated that the album "surely have been a template for so many of Warp's early roster of artists."

Pitchfork ranked the album at number 63 on its list of the top 100 albums of the 1970s. Among its fans are Brian Eno and Julian Cope, with Cope including Zuckerzeit in his "Krautrock Top 50" list.

Track listing

Personnel
 Hans-Joachim Roedelius
 Dieter Moebius
 Michael Rother – production

Notes

Further reading
 

1974 albums
Cluster (band) albums
Avant-pop albums
George William McLeod (30 May 1896 – 20 December 1965) was a Social Credit party member of the House of Commons of Canada and the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. He was born in Harriston, Ontario and became a garage owner and operator by career.

He was first elected at the Okanagan—Revelstoke riding in the 1953 general election and re-elected there in 1957. He was defeated after his second term by Stuart Fleming of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1958 election. He was then elected to the provincial assembly in 1963 for the riding of North Okanagan but died in office of a stroke in Enderby, British Columbia in 1965 at the age of 69.

References

External links
 

1896 births
1965 deaths
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from British Columbia
Social Credit Party of Canada MPs
People from Wellington County, Ontario
The discography of Salyu consists of three studio albums, one compilations album, and 14 solo singles, four collaboration singles and one DVD. Out of her releases, her 2007 album Terminal is her most successful, being certified gold by the RIAJ.

Most of Salyu's music is written and produced by Takeshi Kobayashi, however occasionally other musicians write and compose for Salyu. Salyu has written the lyrics to 11 songs: "Birthday," "Cure the World," "Extension," "L.A.F.S.," , "I Believe," , "Liberty," "Sweet Pain,"  and "Whereabouts (For Anthony)." She has co-written six songs' lyrics: "Dialogue," "Halfway," "Life Is Beautiful," "Mirror,"  and . She wrote the music for "Cruise" and "L.A.F.S.," also producing the sound for "L.A.F.S."

Albums

Studio albums

Compilation album

Singles

As lead artist

As featured artist

DVDs

Other appearances

Notes

References 

Pop music discographies
Discographies of Japanese artists