Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The remains of the Hafod-Morfa Copperworks, originally developed by Vivian & Sons, consists of a core Grade II listed building and additional Grade II listed structures on a  site, on the banks of the River Tawe in Hafod, Swansea.

History
The Hafod works was founded in 1810 by the Cornishman John Vivian. During the 19th century, this was the largest copper works in the world, employing over 1,000 people. The rival Morfa works was established in 1835 by Williams, Foster & Co., and the two adjacent sites combined in 1924 under Yorkshire Imperial Metals.

Swansea was core to the global copper industry, and by 1823 10,000 of Swansea's 15,000 residents were supported by the copper industry. By 1883 there were 124 works including 12 copper works in the Lower Swansea Valley. But as raw geological resources had waned in South Wales, it became more economic to produce copper elsewhere. In 1971 the Lower Swansea Valley Project had started to transform the most derelict industrial landscape in Britain, resulting in the closure of the rolling mills in 1980.

The former rolling mills were converted into the Landore Collection Centre, part of Swansea Museum.

Reclamation and regeneration
In 2010, the local authority discussed plans to have the site re-developed where the listed buildings would be preserved and new uses would be given to heritage buildings. The 2010 development plan included a new hotel, restaurant and new housing.

In 2011, the local council named Swansea University as a development partner of the site, who are evaluating the possibility of developing academic facilities at the site.  Public grants of £540,000 were awarded for the preservation and renewal of the site. Stage1 commenced in October 2013, clearing overgrown vegetation and undertaking essential preservation works.

In 2019, plans to re-develop the Morfa side of the site into a distillery and visitors' centre for the Penderyn brand were approved, with construction due to begin at the end of 2019, and the centre to open in 2022. The project was part-funded by a £3.75m National Lottery Heritage Fund grant. Other parts of the copper works have also been worked on; the Musgrave Engine House and Vivian Engine House were made safe with the hope of further restorationand the Morfa Bascule Bridge which served the site is planned to be returned to working condition.

References

External links
 
The Hafod-Morfa Copperworks website
The Hafod/Morfa Copperworks regeneration project
Photos of Hafod and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk
Swansea Council - A Short History of the Hafod Copperworks
Wales Online - Time Team’s discoveries to boost revamp of Swansea’s historic copperworks
This is South Wales - Team digs up city's hidden copper history
BBC News - Swansea University chosen as Hafod copper site partner
BBC News - Call to save Swansea's Hafod copperworks site
Swansea University - A World of Welsh Copper
Video of Hafod-Morfa Copperworks from 2016

History of Swansea
Museums in Swansea
Grade II listed buildings in Swansea
Local museums in Wales
Industry museums in Wales
Rolling mills
Copper industry
Eddy Merckx in the Vicinity of a Cup of Coffee (original title: Eddy Merckx i nærheden af en kop kaffe) is a 1973 Danish experimental short film by Jørgen Leth. It was produced by Stig Crab Barfoed and Charlotte Strandgaard and is 29 minutes long.

Concept
The film features Leth reading pieces of poetry in a TV studio, followed by footage from the 1970 Tour de France contest depicting cyclists Eddy Merckx and Walter Godefroot. The music is by Antonio Carlos Jobim.

References

External links
 

1973 television films
1973 films
Danish short films
Danish avant-garde and experimental films
1970s avant-garde and experimental films
Danish black-and-white films
Films about poets
Cycling films
1970 Tour de France
Cultural depictions of Eddy Merckx
Films directed by Jørgen Leth
Equisetaceae, sometimes called the horsetail family, is the only extant family of the order Equisetales, with one surviving genus, Equisetum, which comprises about twenty species.

Evolution and systematics 
Equisetaceae is the only surviving family of the Equisetales, a group with many fossils of large tree-like plants that possessed ribbed stems similar to modern horsetails. Pseudobornia is the oldest known relative of Equisetum; it grew in the late Devonian, about 375 million years ago and is assigned to its own order.

All living horsetails are placed in the genus Equisetum. But there are some fossil species that are not assignable to the modern genus. Equisetites is a "wastebin taxon" uniting all sorts of large horsetails from the Mesozoic; it is almost certainly paraphyletic and would probably warrant being subsumed in Equisetum. But while some of the species placed there are likely to be ancestral to the modern horsetails, there have been reports of secondary growth in other Equisetites, and these probably represent a distinct and now-extinct horsetail lineage. Equicalastrobus is the name given to fossil horsetail strobili, which probably mostly or completely belong to the (sterile) plants placed in Equisetites.

References

External links 
 UCMP – Equisetaceae

 
Fern families
Mesozoic first appearances
Adult Contemporary is a chart published by Billboard ranking the top-performing songs in the United States in the adult contemporary music (AC) market, based on weekly airplay data from radio stations compiled by Broadcast Data Systems.

In the issue of Billboard dated January 2, "White Christmas" by Meghan Trainor featuring Seth MacFarlane was at number one, its fourth week in the top spot. The following week it was replaced by "Blinding Lights" by Canadian singer the Weeknd, which returned to number one following a five-week run in the previous year, and topped the chart for 30 non-consecutive weeks.  Its run was ended by "Levitating" by English singer Dua Lipa in the issue of Billboard dated July 31.  "Blinding Lights" then returned to the top spot for a single week only for "Levitating" to replace it once again and hold the top spot for 12 consecutive weeks.  The total of 35 weeks which the song spent at number one on the AC chart was one week short of the record held by "Girls Like You" by Maroon 5 and Cardi B.

In the issue dated November 13, British singer Adele topped the chart with "Easy on Me", which was her first chart topper since 2016.  The song reached number one in its fourth week on the listing, the fastest rise to the top spot by a non-Christmas song since the same singer's track "Hello" in 2015 and tied for the second-fastest such rise since the chart began to be based on Nielsen data in 1993. It was replaced by another song by a British singer, Ed Sheeran's "Bad Habits", which reached the top spot in its 22nd week on the chart.  In the issue dated December 11, Canadian singer Michael Bublé topped the chart with his version of the 1940s song "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!".  The song continued a trend of Christmas-themed tracks topping the AC chart in December, reflecting the fact that adult contemporary radio stations usually switch to playing exclusively festive songs in the period leading up to the holiday.

Chart history

References

2021
Number-one adult contemporary singles
United States Adult Contemporary
The English rock band Supertramp recorded over 100 songs from 1970 to 2002. They were one of the most popular British bands in the 70s and 80s, known for their success with progressive rock.

Songs

Notes

References

 
Supertramp
Supertramp
Ladmirault is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Paul Ladmirault (1877–1944), French composer and music critic
 Paul de Ladmirault (1808–1898), French general

See also
 Lamirault

French-language surnames
Stine Knudsen (born 27 April 1992) is a retired Danish handball player who, last played for København Håndbold, until 2018.

References

1992 births
Living people
People from Fredericia Municipality
Danish female handball players
Handball players from the Region of Southern Denmark
Denden is an Eritrean football club based in Asmara.

Current squad

See also
Football in Eritrea

References

Football clubs in Eritrea
The 1951 Tennessee A&I Tigers football team represented Tennessee Agricultural & Industrial State College as a member of the Midwest Athletic Association (MAA) during the 1951 college football season. In their eighth season under head coach Henry Kean, the Tigers compiled an 8–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 203 to 93. The Dickinson System rated Tennessee A&I as the No. 3 black college football team for 1951 with a score of 23.71, behind only Florida A&M (24.71) and Morris Brown (24.43). The team played its home games in Nashville, Tennessee.

Schedule

References

Tennessee AandI
Tennessee State Tigers football seasons
Tennessee AandI Tigers
Half-Life: C.A.G.E.D. (also stylized as Half-Life: Caged)  is a game modification of Half-Life by Cayle George and Future Games Select released on September 21, 2017. Made using the GoldSrc engine, the mod includes a single-player campaign in which the player must escape from a closely guarded prison.

The mod was released on Microsoft Windows via Steam and was made available on OS X and Linux in December 2017.

Development 
The mod was made by Cayle George, an ex-Valve employee who previously worked on Team Fortress 2 and Portal 2. On August 17, Future Games Select released a trailer of the mod, with George announcing the release of the mod on the forum The Whole Half Life on September 1. The music was made by Garrett "Lazerhawk" Hays, a synthwave producer.

Gameplay 
The gameplay is similar to the gameplay of the Half-Life series, taking weapons from Half-Life 2. Instead of a crowbar, the player is given a plunger. The enemies only include guards and has a runtime of half an hour to an hour.

Plot 
The game begins with the player in a cell with other prisoners inside the Correctional & Automatic Guardhouse Electronic Detention. The player has to get out of the cell and escape by using the pressure of the pipe to blow it up, leading into a sewer. The player then makes their way throughout the facility while evading or killing the guards, climaxing at a battle at the docks of the prison to get to a speedboat.

Critical reception 
The mod received positive reception from critics and fans. Metrocop.net praised the game for its clever design and atmosphere. Kotaku praised the game for its shooting, calling it a "remarkable mod with great gunfights." The Daily SPUF criticized the difficulty of the game, saying that the normal difficulty was unbalanced with the limited ammo and health, as well as the weapons doing little damage to the enemies while praising its use of the GoldSrc engine to create the setting and recommended it to players. Alice O'Connor of Rock, Paper, Shotgun praised the game's visuals and atmosphere while criticizing the weapons and their lack of damage.

The mod was made a Classic of the Month on the Run Think Shoot Live blog in June 2020, and was the Editor's Choice for Mod DB's Mod of The Year 2017.

References 

2017 video games
First-person shooters
C.A.G.E.D.
Linux games
MacOS games
GoldSrc mods
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Video games with commentaries
Alexander "Sandy" Whitelaw (28 April 1930 – 20 February 2015) was a British actor, producer, director and subtitler.

Early life
Whitelaw was born in London and educated in Switzerland, the UK and the United States. He represented Britain as a skier in the 1956 Olympics.

Filmmaking career
Whitelaw's film career began when he worked as an assistant to the producer David O. Selznick on the 1957 film A Farewell to Arms. He also worked for the production company Hecht-Lancaster. He went on to work for United Artists in a number of capacities, including as head of production for UA Europe.

At this time he was based in London and worked on films including Bernardo Bertolucci’s Last Tango in Paris (1972), Federico Fellini’s Roma (1972) and Pier Paolo Pasolini’s The Decameron (1971). He directed two films: Lifespan (1974), which starred Klaus Kinski, and Vicious Circles (1997), which starred Ben Gazzara. He acted in a number of films including The American Friend (1977), Broken English (1981) and The Beat That My Heart Skipped (2005).

Whitelaw began to work as a subtitler in the 1970s in Paris. It was the producer Pierre Cottrell who suggested that he subtitle Jean Eustache's film Mes petites amoureuses. He continued to work as a subtitler for four decades.

Films subtitled
Whitelaw provided English subtitles for more than 1,000 films over a period of several decades. He once called it "like getting paid to do crosswords". One of the more challenging jobs he took on was the subtitling, with Stephen O'Shea, of Mathieu Kassovitz's 1995 film La Haine. Their subtitles for this film received considerable critical attention.

Notable titles subtitled by Whitelaw include:

Mes petites amoureuses (Eustache, 1974)
Pauline at the Beach (Rohmer, 1983)
Danton (Wajda, 1983)
Shoah (Lanzmann, 1985)
La Haine (Kassovitz, 1995)
Heading South (Cantet, 2005)
Quai d'Orsay (Tavernier, 2013)

Filmography

References

External links
David Thompson, Sandy Whitelaw obituary, The Guardian, 24 March 2015 
Cheryl Cheng, Sandy Whitelaw obituary, The Hollywood Reporter, 23 April 2015

Alan Riding, "A Raw French Film Survives Translation", New York Times, 4 February 1996

2015 deaths
1930 births
British film directors
British male film actors
British film producers
British subtitlers
British male alpine skiers
Olympic alpine skiers for Great Britain
Alpine skiers at the 1956 Winter Olympics
20th-century British translators
Union Football Club d'Ixelles was a Belgian football club that took part in the first Belgian Championship in 1895. They finished 7th and therefore last in the league, which resulted in their relegation, and they were never able to come close to returning to the top flight. The club then dissolved in 1901.

The club managed to get a 1-0 win in the 1895-96 season against Racing Club de Bruxelles.

References
Belgian football clubs history
RSSSF Archive

Union Ixelles
Association football clubs established in 1892
Association football clubs disestablished in 1901
1892 establishments in Belgium
1901 disestablishments in Belgium
Defunct football clubs in Belgium
Belgian Pro League clubs
Brower's Spring is a spring in the Centennial Mountains of Beaverhead County, Montana that was marked by a surveyor in 1888 as the ultimate headwaters of the Missouri River and thus the fourth longest river in the world, the  Mississippi-Missouri River.

The spring is named for Jacob V. Brower who in 1896 declared it to be the source of the Missouri in his book published by the Pioneer Press titled  The Missouri river and its utmost source.  He visited the site in 1895 and buried a copper plate upon which the name of the river and the date were engraved.

The spring is  further than the spot Meriwether Lewis reported in 1805 as the source of the river above Lemhi Pass on Trail Creek.  Both sources are near the Continental Divide in Montana.  It is  upstream from where the name  "Missouri River" is first used.

Though the copper plate has not been located, the site of Brower's Spring is believed to be at about   on the north fork of where Hell Roaring Creek divides near its source.  It is commemorated by a rock pile.  Hell Roaring Creek flows west into the Red Rock River, which flows through Upper, then Lower Red Rock Lakes, west through Lima Reservoir, and then northwest into Clark Canyon Reservoir. From Clark Canyon Reservoir the Beaverhead River flows northeast to join the Big Hole River, forming the Jefferson River, which with the Madison and Gallatin Rivers form the Missouri at Missouri River Headwaters State Park at Three Forks, Montana.

Brower's location is just below a ridge extending to the southeast from Mt. Jefferson  to the northwest, and is  southwest of the Sawtell Peak Observatory in Idaho, about  southwest of West Yellowstone, Montana, and about  southwest of the nearest point on the North American Continental Divide.  

Brower's Spring is not listed as an official name on the Geographic Names Information System maintained by USGS.

References

Landforms of Beaverhead County, Montana
Springs of Montana
Missouri River
Tributaries of the Beaverhead River
Aureliano Urrutia, Sr. (6 June 1872 –  14 August 1975) was a Mexican-born physician. He served as the Minister of Interior under Victoriano Huerta in Mexico but subsequently spent most of his life and career in the United States.

Biography
Urrutia was born in Xochimilco, Federal District, Mexico, on June 6, 1872, the son of Pedro Urrutia and Refugio Sandoval, of indigenous descent. He studied in Xochimilco and Mexico City. Urrutia earned a degree in medicine from the National School of Medicine in 1890 and was considered the best student of his generation. In 1893 he served as a military doctor in the territory of Quintana Roo. Later he became a member of the 3rd battalion stationed in Chilpancingo; there he met General Victoriano Huerta, who many years later, in June 1913, appointed Urrutia to the position of Minister of the Interior. After a few months, he resigned from that post and returned to his profession as a surgeon. As the political situation across Mexico was deteriorating around this time, Urrutia in 1914 moved his family to Veracruz, where he and his family were seized by American troops and taken to Galveston, Texas. From there they moved to San Antonio, where he lived for the remainder of his life, practicing and teaching medicine.

In San Antonio, Urrutia built a home, which he named Quinta Urrutia, then, in 1921, another property named Miraflores. The grounds and gardens of Miraflores feature extensive statuary and other classical and Mexican indigenous art. Miraflores has been preserved and as of the 2020s there are no plans for restoration.

Urrutia died on August 15, 1975, in San Antonio, Texas.

Publications
Dr. Urrutia's clinic: One month's work (1922)

References

External links
 
Miraflores: Dr. Urrutia's Lost Garden
Miraflores: San Antonio's Mexican Garden of Memory

1872 births
1975 deaths
Mexican surgeons
Mexican revolutionaries
Mexican Secretaries of the Interior
Mexican centenarians
Men centenarians
Mexican emigrants to the United States
The Toy Trawler Spaniel is an extinct breed of Spaniel which physically was similar to the King Charles Spaniel of the 16th century. It is considered to have descended from the original King Charles Spaniel, and the older variety of the Sussex Spaniel. It was employed as a sports dog first before becoming a toy and show dog. It was considered to be on the verge of extinction by 1920. A preserved specimen is kept in Tring at the Natural History Museum.

History
 
The specific origin of the breed is unknown, but in 1919, it was thought to have been descended from the originally curly-coated King Charles Spaniel and the old-fashioned curly-coated Sussex Spaniel. Its original purpose may have been as a sporting dog, but it became more frequently used as a toy dog. By 1907, the breed was more popular in Europe than in the U.K., especially in the Netherlands and Italy.

There is a preserved specimen at the Natural History Museum at Tring. Named Robin, it was bred by Lady Wentworth and was born in 1911. It died in 1920 when the breed was said to be "nearly extinct". Lady Wentworth wrote about using Toy Trawler Spaniels to re-breed the original King Charles Spaniel in her book Toy Dogs and Their Ancestors Including the History And Management of Toy Spaniels, Pekingese, Japanese and Pomeranians, published under the name of the "Hon. Mrs. Neville Lytton" in 1911.

Description
The Toy Trawler Spaniel was considered to be a throwback to the original King Charles Spaniel. The head was small and light, with an upwards tip on its short black nose. The top of the skull was flat and not dome-shaped, and had long ears set forward. Its coat was generally feathered quite long and was described as curly but not woolly, and its body was quite solidly built. 

Its height was variable, ranging from  at the withers, although examples were given at , with proportionate weight given for a  high dog weighing .

The preferred colour was black with a white waistcoat, then red with a white waistcoat, but they also came in black and white and red and white. They were described as being very sweet, but also very bold and courageous, with timidity considered to be a fault in the show ring.

References
Specific

General

Extinct dog breeds
Dog breeds originating in the United Kingdom
Mariusz Krzysztof Gromko (born 1 July 1978) is a Polish politician. He was elected to the Senate of Poland (10th term) representing the constituency of Białystok.

References 

Living people
1978 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
20th-century Polish politicians
21st-century Polish politicians
Members of the Senate of Poland 2019–2023
Wallasey Memorial Unitarian Church is a redundant church in Manor Road, Liscard, Wallasey, Wirral, Merseyside, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Historic Chapels Trust.

History

The church was built in 1898–99, and was designed by Edmund Waring and Edmund Rathbone.  Its patron was Martha Elam, a local wealthy Unitarian; Rathbone was also a Unitarian and a scion of the prominent Liverspool banking and business dynasty, many of whom were nonconformist in religion and became Unitarians. Harold Rathbone, another member of the family, made the ceramic reredos which runs at high level above the sanctuary table of the church, and this is probably the largest executed work of the short-lived Della Robbia Pottery of Birkenhead.

Rescue by Historic Chapels Trust
In 1993, following the retirement of its last minister, the congregation consisted of only four members, and it seemed likely that it would be demolished.  However the quality of its interior fittings and furniture led to the publication of an article in Country Life, and 1995 the building was taken over by the Historic Chapels Trust.  It reopened in October 2002.

The church is available for meetings, exhibitions and events, and is occasionally used for services of worship. It is licensed for Unitarian marriages.

The adjacent church hall is currently let to Wallasey School of Ballet.

Architecture

The church is constructed in brick with stone dressings and has a tile roof, in the Flemish revival style popular at the time for libraries and civic buildings. It is notably un-ecclesiastical in style with no Christian or religious imagery on the outside. The church is rectangular in plan in six bays with a narthex.  To its left is the church hall and a vestry.  Also on the left is a porch with an octagonal turret.

The interior is "a rare, remarkable, example of English Arts and Crafts furnishing in a Nonconformist chapel". Its fittings were designed by craftsmen and designers from the Bromsgrove Guild.  These include Bernard Sleigh who painted the panels on the ends of the choirstalls, communion table and pulpit, and Benjamin Creswick who carved the figures on the choirstalls.  The reredos designed and by Harold Rathbone at his Della Robbia Pottery, in Birkenhead.  Ironwork, including the electric light fittings, was designed by Walter Gilbert, who also made copper panels for the lectern.

See also

Grade II* listed buildings in Merseyside
Listed buildings in Wallasey
List of chapels preserved by the Historic Chapels Trust

References

Further reading

External links
History of Wallasey

Grade II* listed churches in Merseyside
Churches preserved by the Historic Chapels Trust
Arts and Crafts architecture in England
Churches completed in 1899
19th-century churches in the United Kingdom
19th-century Protestant churches
Former churches in Merseyside
Unitarian chapels in England
Redundant churches
Wallasey
Churches in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
Gorru is a seeder in India. It is used for applying fertilizers and sowing sorghum, groundnut, Bengal gram, green gram, black gram, and cowpea. It is animal-driven. It is also used for weed control.

References

Agricultural machinery