Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Argya is a genus of passerine birds in the family Leiothrichidae. The species are distributed across Africa and southern Asia and are typically fairly large, long-tailed birds that forage in noisy groups. Members of this genus were formerly placed in the genera Turdoides and Garrulax.

Taxonomy

Most of the species now placed in the genus Argya were previously assigned to the genus Turdoides. Following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, Turdoides was split and species were moved to the resurrected genus Argya that had been erected by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1831. The name is from the Latin argutus meaning "noisy". Lesson did not specify a type species but this was designated as the Arabian babbler (Argya sqamiceps) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1855.

Species
The genus contains 16 species:

References

 
Bird genera
Leiothrichidae
Roberto Junguito Bonnet  (1943 – 27 December 2020) was a Colombian politician and economist who served as Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development and Minister of Finance and Public Credit.

References

1943 births
2020 deaths
Colombian politicians
Ministers of Finance and Public Credit of Colombia
Colombian economists
Stephen Kennedy (born 1956), Technical Director of Intelligent Engineering, is responsible for the development of Sandwich Plate System (SPS) technology and has a distinguished career in applied engineering research.

He was previously a Professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Carleton University (Ottawa) specializing in the design and behaviour of steel structures including buildings, bridges and ships.  His work involved research grants and contracts from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Transport Canada, Canadian Coast Guard, Ship Structure Committee, United States Coast Guard, Fleet Technology Inc., and Marine Industries Limited.

During this time, twenty-two graduate students completed their theses under his supervision on topics that included: the inelastic behaviour of ice breaker hulls; an investigation of crack propagation for steel weldments in ship structures; development of design equations for web crippling (incorporated in Canadian Standards for steel bridges and buildings); development of integrated analysis design software for steel buildings; and the development of composite structural laminate plates for ships.

Kennedy has graduate degrees in structural engineering from the University of Alberta.

Selected writings

References

External links 
 Associate Professor, Department Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University

Structural engineers
Canadian civil engineers
1956 births
Living people
The 2008 NPF Senior Draft is the fifth annual NPF Draft.  It was held February 18, 2008 via conference call for the 2008 season.  The first selection was Arizona State's Katie Burkhart, picked by the Philadelphia Force.  Athletes are not allowed by the NCAA to sign professional contracts until their collegiate seasons have ended.

2008 NPF Draft

Following are the 24 selections from the 2008 NPF Senior Draft:
Position key: 
C = Catcher; UT = Utility infielder; INF = Infielder; 1B = First base; 2B =Second base SS = Shortstop; 3B = Third base; OF = Outfielder; RF = Right field; CF = Center field; LF = Left field;  P = Pitcher; RHP = right-handed Pitcher; LHP = left-handed Pitcher; DP =Designated player
Positions are listed as combined for those who can play multiple positions.

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Round 4

References 

2008 in softball
National Pro Fastpitch drafts
Sphinx constricta, the Japanese privet hawkmoth, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is known from Japan.

It is similar to Sphinx ligustri, especially the pattern, but the pink colour is less intense. Furthermore, the antemedian and median pale bands on the hindwing upperside are connected at the costal and inner margins, which can also be observed in Sphinx ligustri, but only on rare occasions.

The larvae feed on Enkianthus perulatus, Helwingia japonica, Ilex crenata, Ilex macropoda, Rhododendron, Spiraea salicifolia, Spiraea thunbergii, Viburnum dilatatum and Weigela hortensis.

References

Sphinx (genus)
Moths described in 1885
Moths of Japan
The trigeminal artery is an artery that supplies the basilar artery with blood during human embryonic development. Normally, the trigeminal artery involutes after the formation of the posterior communicating artery.  However, in some cases, the artery persists into adulthood and can cause medical complications, including intracranial aneurysms.

Normal development
The trigeminal artery arises from the primitive internal carotid artery during development, when the embryo is approximately 6 weeks old. The trigeminal artery then anastomoses with the basilar artery. At this point in development, the trigeminal artery serves as the main blood supply for the hindbrain, as other vessels in the region have yet to mature. As the internal carotid artery branches more caudally to form the posterior communicating artery, the trigeminal artery becomes less important in supplying blood and ultimately involutes. The time period from the initial development of the artery to its ultimate involution is only 7 to 10 days; if the artery has not involuted at the end of this period it persists into adulthood.

Persistent trigeminal artery
In around 0.1 to 0.6% of individuals, as sampled by magnetic resonance angiography, the trigeminal artery fails to involute and remains in the adult brain, in a condition called persistent trigeminal artery. This condition is more common in women than in men, with approximately 1.8 times as many women having the condition. Knowledge of a persistent trigeminal artery may be important in certain brain surgeries, as the condition is rare and an accidental cut to the artery could lead to hemorrhage. Although the discovery of a persistent trigeminal artery is sometimes an incidental finding, its presence is also associated with various pathological conditions, and must therefore be considered carefully when diagnosing these conditions.

Associated conditions
A persistent trigeminal artery is associated with an increased risk of aneurysm, though some studies have suggested that this finding may be an effect of selection bias, as most individuals do not undergo the tests necessary to identify the condition. Persistent trigeminal artery has been identified as a rare cause of trigeminal neuralgia, with 2.2% prevalence of persistent trigeminal artery among trigeminal neuralgia patients. Surgery to move the persistent trigeminal artery away from the trigeminal nerve has been successful in treating the trigeminal neuralgia in some cases. In some cases, presence of a persistent trigeminal artery concurs with hypoplasia of the basilar artery, in which case the internal carotid artery is responsible for most blood flow to the upper pons, cerebellum, midbrain, and parts of the temporal and occipital lobes, meaning that anything disrupting blood flow in the internal carotid artery could lead to ischemia in these regions. In addition, persistent trigeminal artery has been associated with vertebrobasilar insufficiency, brainstem ischemia, and carotid cavernous fistulae.

References

Arteries of the head and neck
The 2010 Tokyo Marathon () was the fourth edition of the annual marathon race in Tokyo, Japan and was held on Sunday, 28 February. The men's race was won by home athlete Masakazu Fujiwara in a time of 2:12:19, while the women's race was won by Russia's Alevtina Biktimirova in 2:34:39.

Results

Men

Women

References

 Results. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved 2020-04-04.

External links

 Official website

Tokyo Marathon
Tokyo
2010 in Tokyo
Tokyo Marathon
Tokyo Marathon
David Montero del Río (born 12 March 1985) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Club career
Born in Salamanca, Castile and León, Montero was a youth graduate of local club UD Salamanca. His professional input with the first team, however, consisted of one Segunda División match against Elche CF on 18 June 2004 (15 minutes played, 2–1 away win) and a sole appearance in the Copa del Rey against Burgos CF in September of the following year.

In the summer of 2008, Montero signed with CD Guijuelo also from his native region, after one season with CD Guadalajara also in Segunda División B. On 9 May 2009, he scored from a goal kick to help the visiting team to a 1–1 draw at Real Unión.

On 4 March 2012, against SD Eibar, Montero appeared in his 100th league game for Guijuelo.

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Salamanca
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
UD Salamanca players
CD Guadalajara (Spain) footballers
CD Guijuelo footballers
Spain men's youth international footballers
21st-century Spanish people
Garac may refer to:

 Garač, a mountain in central Montenegro
 Garac, France
Clara, Lu, 'n Em is a radio soap opera, which first aired on June 16, 1930, over WGN-AM Chicago, Illinois. The show was picked up by the NBC Blue radio network and premiered at 10:30 p.m. Eastern Time on January 27, 1931. Thus, it became the first nationally broadcast radio soap opera. When Clara, Lu 'n Em was moved to a regular daytime time slot on February 15, 1932, it became the first networked daytime soap opera.

The first daytime serial drama-by-installment program, network or otherwise, is widely considered by scholars of the genre to be Painted Dreams, when it premiered in October 1930.

Clara, Lu, 'n Em continued in various forms through the 1930s and early 1940s on the NBC Blue Network and CBS, finally airing as a syndicated series in 1945.

Background
The series began as a Northwestern University sorority sketch by Louise Starkey (Clara), Isobel Carothers (Lu) and Helen King (Em). Rejection by several radio executives in Chicago led the trio to WGN. Program manager Henry Selinger was skeptical of their working without scripts, but their audition convinced him to let them perform without pay. They eventually began writing their own scripts and receiving pay. Super Suds was a sponsor of the program as early as August 1930.

NBC
As interest grew, they were sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive and were heard evenings on the NBC Blue Network from January 27, 1931, to February 12, 1932, before moving to weekdays from February 15, 1932, to March 23, 1934. From March 26, 1934, to January 10, 1936, they ran on the NBC (Red) network. On June 26, 1936, they returned to the NBC Blue Network, doing a weekly evening series, with music by Ted Fio Rito. The 30-minute program was sponsored by Frigidaire dealers.

Characters and hiatus
Story lines centered on three women who lived in a small-town duplex. Clara Roach and her family lived on one side of the duplex, Emma Krueger lived with her family on the other side. Widow Lulu Casey lived upstairs with her daughter Florabelle. When Carothers suddenly died January 8, 1937, at age 32, Starkey and King decided not to continue.

Return on CBS
When the program returned with Starkey and King in 1942 on CBS, another of their Northwestern University friends, Harriet Allyn, portrayed Lu. The show ran three times a week during the daytime.

Syndicated version
In 1945 a syndicated version of the show had a brief run. Allyn continued in the cast as Em, along with Fran Allison as Clara and Dorothy Day as Lu.

See also
Northwestern University Library

References

Listen to
Clara, Lu, and Em 1930 audition show

1930s American radio programs
1940s American radio programs
American radio dramas
American radio soap operas
NBC radio programs
CBS Radio programs
NBC Blue Network radio programs
1930 radio programme debuts
Ernest (Kopul) Krausz (ארנסט קראוס; August 13, 1931 - December 10, 2018) was an Israeli professor of sociology who served as rector and Acting President of Bar Ilan University. He also taught at Netanya Academic College.

Biography
Ernest Krausz was born in Romania. His parents were Rabbi Moshe Eliezer Krausz and Beila (née Gottlieb), and he and his two sisters were raised in Alba Iulia, where his father was Chief Rabbi.

He arrived in Britain from Romania two years after the end of World War Two, at 17 years of age. In England his father served in rabbinical positions in Leeds and London. 

Krausz attended Etz Chaim Yeshiva in London for four years. He was a graduate of the University of London (B.Sc.(Econ.), M.Sc.), and then graduated from the London School of Economics with a PhD in sociology. He then taught at various colleges, and finally as a professor at City University, London. In 1962, he married Gillian Collins and they settled in Golders Green.

Academic career
In 1972 Krausz was appointed Professor of Sociology at Bar Ilan University. He became Dean of the Social Science Faculty (1973 to 1976), then Rector (1986 to 1989), and then served as Acting President of the university in 1989, succeeding Michael Albeck and followed by Zvi Arad. From 1991 to 1997 Krausz was a member of the Planning and Budgeting Committee of the Council for Higher Education in Israel. 

After he retired from Bar Ilan University in 2001, he taught for 12 years as a professor in the School of Behavioral Sciences at the Netanya Academic College.

Published works
Among the books he wrote were Leeds Jewry: Its History and Social Structure (Jewish Historical Society of England, 1964), Sociology in Britain: A Survey of Research (Columbia University Press, 1969), Ethnic Minorities in Britain (MacGibbon and Kee, 1971), Studies of Israeli Society: Migration, Ethnicity and Community (Transaction Pub, 1980), Migration, ethnicity and community (Transaction, 1981), The Sociology of the Kibbutz (Transaction Books, 1983), Education in a Comparative Context (Transaction Publishers, 1989), The Limits of Science (Peter Lang, 2000), Education, Nihilism, and Survival (Routledge, 2017), and Politics and Society in Israel (Routledge, 2017).

References 

Presidents of universities in Israel

Bar-Ilan University alumni

Israeli sociologists

Alumni of the University of London
Academic staff of Bar-Ilan University
Alumni of the London School of Economics
20th-century Israeli educators
Romanian Jews
1931 births
2018 deaths
Academic staff of Netanya Academic College
Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway's Class L-3 was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives.

References 

L-3
4-4-0 locomotives
Cooke locomotives
Steam locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1886
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
The Botanischer Garten Düsseldorf, also known as the Botanischer Garten der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf and the Botanischer Garten der Universität Düsseldorf, is a botanical garden  of 8 hectares maintained by the University of Düsseldorf. It is located at Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, and open daily in the warmer months; admission is free.

The garden was established in 1974 and currently contains about 6000 species, with a focus on plants of temperate climates. Its outdoor gardens are organized as follows:

 Geographic gardens - alpine garden, Central Europe, Caucasus, Northeast Asia, Japan, China, North America, and South America.
 Ecological gardens - heath, moor, pine forest, fruit trees, and wild flowers.
 Other gardens - systematic garden, medicinal garden, crops, cottage garden, conifers, summer flowers, plants of volcanic soils, morphology, endangered species, and carnivorous plants.

The garden also contains a greenhouse complex including:

 Central dome (approximately 1000 m², height 18 meters) - about 400 species from the Mediterranean region and Canary Islands, and also from Australia, New Zealand, Asia, South Africa, Chile, and California.
 Orangery (opened 2004, 300 m², height 13 meters) - overwintering of plants from Mediterranean regions, conifers from the southern hemisphere, and Pyrophytes from Australia and South Africa.
 South Africa house (opened 2008, 330 m²) - South African steppe vegetation.

See also 
 List of botanical gardens in Germany

References 
 Botanischer Garten Düsseldorf
 Garden map
 Hermann von Helmholtz-Zentrum entry
 Düsseldorfer Onlinemagazin article
 BGCI entry
 Qype entry with photos

Dusseldorf, Botanischer Garten
Dusseldorf, Botanischer Garten
Heinrich Heine
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf
Franklin's Jackass is a reference to a witticism allegedly made by Benjamin Franklin, in which he derided property qualifications on the right to vote by asking whether the right to vote belongs to the man or to the jackass that he owns. According to Alexander Keyssar, it was a widely known reference in the American Revolutionary Era and was mentioned at several state constitutional conventions in the years after the American Revolution.

Franklin's quotation
"Franklin's Jackass" comes from the following query allegedly posed by Benjamin Franklin:
Today a man owns a jackass worth fifty dollars and he is entitled to vote; but before the next election the jackass dies. The man in the meantime has become more experienced, his knowledge of the principles of government, and his acquaintance with mankind, are more extensive, and he is therefore better qualified to make a proper selection of rulers—but the jackass is dead and the man cannot vote. Now gentlemen, pray inform me, in whom is the right of suffrage? In the man or in the jackass?

References

Benjamin Franklin
Stanley Hardy was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Newcastle United as an inside left. He later managed Nottingham Forest.

Personal life 
At the time he enlisted in the British Army during the First World War, Hardy was living in Jesmond. He served in the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers and the Machine Gun Corps during the war and achieved the rank of lieutenant. Hardy was discharged after being gassed on the Western Front. He was related to footballer Sam Hardy.

Career statistics

Player

Manager

References

External links 
 

Stan Hardy at leaguemanagers.com

1890 births
Footballers from Newcastle upon Tyne
English men's footballers
Year of death missing
Newcastle United F.C. players
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Northumberland Fusiliers soldiers
Military personnel from Newcastle upon Tyne
Machine Gun Corps officers
Men's association football inside forwards
English Football League players
English Football League managers
English football managers
Nottingham Forest F.C. managers
Penitentiary is a 1938 American crime film directed by John Brahm starring Walter Connolly,  John Howard, Jean Parker and Robert Barrat. It was the second Columbia Pictures film adaptation of the 1929 stage play The Criminal Code by Martin Flavin, after Howard Hawk's The Criminal Code (1930) and followed by Henry Levin's Convicted (1950).

Plot
William Jordan (Howard) is befriended by the man who sent him to prison on a manslaughter charge, former DA (District attorney) now prison warden Matthews (Connolly).  In order to give Jordan the opportunity to rehabilitate himself Matthews allows him to work as chauffeur to his daughter Elizabeth (Parker), though he's a bit uncomfortable when  Elizabeth falls in love with the young convict. All of this extra effort goes out the window when Jordan, adhering to the "criminal code" of never snitching on a fellow con, allows himself to be implicated in the murder of another convict. Jordan is saved from the death penalty by a last-minute confession of his hard-bitten but honorable cellmate.

Cast
 Walter Connolly as Thomas Matthews 	 
 John Howard as William Jordan 	 
 Jean Parker as Elizabeth Matthews 	 
 Robert Barrat as Captain Grady 	 
 Marc Lawrence as Jack Hawkins 	 
 Arthur Hohl as Finch 	 
 Dick Curtis as Tex 	 
 Paul Fix as Runch 	 
 Marjorie Main as Katie Matthews 	 
 Edward Van Sloan as Dr. Rinewulf 	 
 Ann Doran as Blanche Williams
 Dick Elliott as McNaulty
 Charles Halton as Leonard Nettleford 	 
 Thurston Hall as Judge 	 
 Ward Bond as Red, prison barber 	 
 John Gallaudet as State Attorney 	 
 Stanley Andrews as Captain Dorn 	 
 James Flavin as Doran 	 
 Bruce Mitchell as Bailiff 
 George Magrill as Richard

References

External links
 
 
 

1938 films
1938 crime drama films
1930s prison films
American black-and-white films
American crime drama films
American films based on plays
American prison drama films
Columbia Pictures films
1930s English-language films
Films directed by John Brahm
Films produced by Robert North
Films scored by Morris Stoloff
1930s American films
Lightstone may refer to the following:

The Lightstone (2001), the first book of the Ea Cycle by David Zindell
The Lightstone Group, a real estate investment company based in New York
The Albert Harold Lightstone Scholarship at Queen's University, named for A. H. Lightstone

People with the surname
A. H. Lightstone (1926–1976), Canadian logician, mathematician, and Queen's University professor
Jack N. Lightstone, Canadian professor of history, and president and vice-chancellor of Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario
Marilyn Lightstone (born 1940), Canadian film, television and voice actress
Cem Uzan (born 26 December 1960, İstanbul) is a Turkish businessman and politician involved in the media and banking industries, while also chairing the social liberal Young Party (GP). His family's media empire (Uzan Group) at one time included both television stations and print media. His family was one of Turkey's most influential families. His supporters claim Uzan's political rivalry resulted in the group's companies being seized by the government under Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, eventually resulting in Uzan's flight to France to escape what he claimed was political persecution. He has been sentenced in absentia to jail terms in the UK, USA and Turkey for fraud-related offences.

This followed closely on the heels of his conviction in the United States for fraud and came as the case was being put together in Turkey for racketeering and fraud leading many to believe he was escaping a likely conviction and prison term in Turkey. He was granted political asylum in Paris after the French government granted his request 

Uzan attempted to buy three units of Trump World Tower, but he ultimately defaulted on the contract and lost an $8 million deposit.

Cem Uzan announced his intention to run for president in 2023 Turkish presidential election.

Criticism
Uzan has often been criticized for using his professional life to bolster his political life, and even benefiting from criminal charges leveled against him. In 2003, U.S. District Court Judge Jed Rakoff commented, "I think the proof is very strong that the Uzans are business imperialists of the worst kind, in that they will go to any lengths, including fraud and racketeering, to preserve their business empire..." Cem Uzan responded by asserting that the judge "is biased against Turkey, against the Turkish people."

Fraud and convictions
In December 2002, a U.K. court sentenced Cem Uzan to 15 months imprisonment for contempt of court after he failed to appear in the U.K. to testify in a case involving a $4.3billion defrauding of Motorola corporation.

In 2009, Motorola and Nokia won a $4.8 billion judgement against the Uzan family. The Uzans failed to show up in court and the judge ordered an arrest warrant for them should they enter the United States. In 2009, he fled to France claiming political asylum. The request was granted by the French government. He was later indicted of racketeering in Turkey.

After his flight to France, Uzan was sentenced in absentia in Turkey to twenty-three years in prison on 15 April 2010.

References

1960 births
Living people
People from Adapazarı
Turkish political party founders
Leaders of political parties in Turkey
Deutsche Schule Istanbul alumni
Young Party politicians
Turkish newspaper publishers (people)
Turkish mass media owners
Turkish expatriates in France
Turkish people of Bosniak descent
20th-century Turkish businesspeople