Pathping

Pathping 是 Windows 系統中自帶的一個網路診斷工具，用於檢測本地至目的地之間節點的網路延遲和穩定性。

原理

pathping 在一段時間內，從本地至目的地之間傳送多個 Echo Request 訊息給中間經過的每個節點，然後基於資料包從每個路由器返回的資訊來計算結果。所以，pathping 可以顯示每個節點的資料包丟失的百分比，以便判斷具體哪個節點或子網可能出現網路故障。pathping 與 tracert 執行相同的路由跟蹤命令去識別這條路徑上有哪些路由器，但它額外多了一個步驟：給每個節點發送 100 個數據包，獲取返回資訊後去計算每個節點的統計資訊。

範例

C:\Documents and Settings\User>pathping

Usage: pathping -g host-list -h maximum_hops -i address -n

-p period -q num_queries -w timeout -P -R -T

-4 -6 target_name

Options:

-g host-list Loose source route along host-list.

-h maximum_hops Maximum number of hops to search for target.

-i address Use the specified source address.

-n Do not resolve addresses to hostnames.

-p period Wait period milliseconds between pings.

-q num_queries Number of queries per hop.

-w timeout Wait timeout milliseconds for each reply.

-P Test for RSVP PATH connectivity.

-R Test if each hop is RSVP aware.

-T Test connectivity to each hop with Layer-2 priority tags.

-4 Force using IPv4.

-6 Force using IPv6.

例子

>pathping wikipedia.org

Tracing route to wikipedia.com 207.142.131.235

over a maximum of 30 hops:

0 simonslaptop 192.168.0.11

1 192.168.0.1

2 thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net 217.32.64.73

3 217.32.64.34

4 217.32.64.110

5 anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net 212.240.162.126

6 anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net 194.70.98.29

7 ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net 194.70.97.66

8 ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net 209.246.123.177

9 ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net 64.159.17.1

10 so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net 209.247.11.201

11 ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net 64.159.1.10

12 unknown.Level3.net 63.208.24.2

13

Computing statistics for 325 seconds...

Source to Here This Node/Link

Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address

0 simonslaptop 192.168.0.11

0/ 100 = 0% |

1 0ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 192.168.0.1

0/ 100 = 0% |

2 18ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% thus1-hg2.ilford.broadband.bt.net 217.32.64.73

0/ 100 = 0% |

3 18ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.34

0/ 100 = 0% |

4 21ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% 217.32.64.110

0/ 100 = 0% |

5 21ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% anchor-border-1-4-0-2-191.router.demon.net 212.240.162.126

0/ 100 = 0% |

6 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% anchor-core-2-g0-0-1.router.demon.net 194.70.98.29

0/ 100 = 0% |

7 --- 100/ 100 =100% 100/ 100 =100% ny1-border-1-a1-0-s2.router.demon.net 194.70.97.66

0/ 100 = 0% |

8 100ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-8-0-153.ipcolo1.NewYork1.Level3.net 209.246.123.177

0/ 100 = 0% |

9 94ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ae-0-51.bbr1.NewYork1.Level3.net 64.159.17.1

0/ 100 = 0% |

10 134ms 1/ 100 = 1% 1/ 100 = 1% so-2-0-0.mp1.Tampa1.Level3.net 209.247.11.201

0/ 100 = 0% |

11 137ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% ge-6-0.hsa2.Tampa1.Level3.net 64.159.1.10

0/ 100 = 0% |

12 131ms 0/ 100 = 0% 0/ 100 = 0% unknown.Level3.net 63.208.24.2

100/ 100 =100% |

13 --- 100/ 100 =100% 0/ 100 = 0% win2000 0.0.0.0

Trace complete.

>pathping wikipedia.org -q 10

Tracing route to wikipedia.org 66.230.200.100

over a maximum of 30 hops:

0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. 192.168.11.3

1 air.setup 192.168.11.1

2 73.127.68.1

3 ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net 68.86.234.41

4 68.86.232.37

5 68.86.232.33

6 * 68.86.232.5

7 68.86.232.1

8 12.116.99.41

9 tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.122.99.70

10 * ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.123.6.69

11 ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net 192.205.34.6

12 66.192.247.163

13 ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.193.50.242

14 * rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.230.200.100

Computing statistics for 35 seconds...

Source to Here This Node/Link

Hop RTT Lost/Sent = Pct Lost/Sent = Pct Address

0 Aaron.hsd1.mn.comcast.net. 192.168.11.3

0/ 10 = 0% |

1 0ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% air.setup 192.168.11.1

0/ 10 = 0% |

2 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 73.127.68.1

0/ 10 = 0% |

3 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge-1-38-ur01.minnetonka.mn.minn.comcast.net 68.86.234.41

0/ 10 = 0% |

4 9ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.37

0/ 10 = 0% |

5 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.33

0/ 10 = 0% |

6 12ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.5

0/ 10 = 0% |

7 8ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 68.86.232.1

0/ 10 = 0% |

8 20ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% 12.116.99.41

0/ 10 = 0% |

9 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% tbr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.122.99.70

0/ 10 = 0% |

10 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ggr2.cgcil.ip.att.net 12.123.6.69

0/ 10 = 0% |

11 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% ar1-a3120s2.wswdc.ip.att.net 192.205.34.6

0/ 10 = 0% |

12 --- 10/ 10 =100% 10/ 10 =100% 66.192.247.163

0/ 10 = 0% |

13 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% ge8-13.csw5-pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.193.50.242

0/ 10 = 0% |

14 63ms 0/ 10 = 0% 0/ 10 = 0% rr.pmtpa.wikimedia.org 66.230.200.100

Trace complete.

>pathping wikipedia.org -n

Tracing route to wikipedia-lb.eqiad.wikimedia.org 208.80.154.225over a maximum of 30 hops:

0 192.168.1.102

1 192.168.1.1

2 10.202.181.110

3 10.202.182.109

4 10.202.181.153

5 10.202.181.49

6 212.72.4.97

7 82.178.32.102

8 63.218.109.117

9 63.218.44.38

10 206.111.0.249

11 216.156.8.189

12 Computing statistics for 275 seconds...