Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Victor Schumann (21 December 1841 – 1 September 1913) was a physicist and spectroscopist who in 1893 discovered the vacuum ultraviolet.

Schumann wished to study the "Extreme Ultraviolet" region. For this, he used a prism and lenses in fluorite instead of quartz allowing himself to be the first to measure spectra below 200 nm. Oxygen gas would absorb the radiation with a wavelength below 195 nm but Schumann placed the entire apparatus under vacuum. He prepared his own photographic plates with a reduced layer of gelatin.

He published on the Hydrogen line in the spectrum of Nova Aurigae and in the spectrum of vacuum tubes.

His work opened the way to atomic emission spectroscopy, leading eventually to the discovery of the hydrogen spectral lines series (Lyman series) by Theodore Lyman in 1914.

References

External links
 
 Victor Schumann at encyclopedia.com

19th-century German physicists
1841 births
1913 deaths
Spectroscopists
People from Leipzig (district)
The Château de Hohenfels is a castle situated in the commune of Dambach, in the Bas-Rhin département of France.

History 

The castle was built at the end of the 13th century and recorded in a document for the first time in 1293. It was destroyed by troops from Strasbourg and Haguenau in 1423, and again during the German Peasants' War in 1525.

The semi-troglodytic castle is built on a sandstone table, separated from the crest of the hill by a ditch dug into the bare rock. The castle was built with six floors and allowed surveillance of the access roads towards Lorraine. It was certainly altered in the 15th century.

Visible remains 

 Remains of the old wall closing the lower courtyard.
 The surrounding wall of large dressed stones. 
 The cistern cut into the sandstone and its water collection system.
 Of the lower courtyard, only fragments of walls and a cistern remain.
 The western platform has kept some remains as well as a room cut out of the rock.
 The manor house, at the eastern end of the summit, has kept its north wall of dressed stones up to three levels.

Hohenfels was the first castle in Alsace to undergo properly scientific archaeological digs.

The castle has been classified since 1985 by the French Ministry of Culture as a monument historique.

See also
 List of castles in France

References

External links 
 
 
 Official site of the commune

Ruined castles in Bas-Rhin
Monuments historiques of Bas-Rhin
Cary Gilbert (March 20, 1942 – February 15, 1993) was an American lyricist who wrote songs with Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff at Philadelphia International Records in the 1970s. Among the songs he co-wrote are the international #1 hits "Me and Mrs. Jones" and "Don't Leave Me This Way."

Gilbert, widely known as "Hippy," grew up in Camden, New Jersey, and became friends with Gamble and Huff when the two were members of Kenny Gamble & the Romeos.  After holding several jobs and marrying, Gilbert turned to songwriting with Gamble and Huff and penned the lyrics for Billy Paul's hit "Me and Mrs. Jones" in 1972. He also wrote the lyrics for "Don't Leave Me This Way," originally a track on Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes' 1975 album Wake Up Everybody and later an international hit for Thelma Houston, whose version was nominated for Best R&B Song at the 1978 Grammy Awards. Gilbert also co-wrote "Livin' for the Weekend" and "Your Body's Here With Me (But Your Mind Is on the Other Side of Town)" for The O'Jays, “Don’t Let the Music Slip Away” for Archie Bell & the Drells, and "Let's Clean Up the Ghetto" for the Philadelphia International All-Stars.

Gilbert died in February 1993, at age 50, from complications associated with diabetes.

References

1942 births
1993 deaths
Musicians from Camden, New Jersey
Songwriters from New Jersey
Philadelphia International Records artists
Songwriters from Pennsylvania
20th-century American composers
Leroy Hodges (born July 13, 1943) is an American electric bass player.

He was born in Germantown, Tennessee. Paired with either Booker T. & the MGs's drummer Al Jackson, Jr. or Stax staff drummer Howard Grimes, Leroy and  The Hodges Brothers were the backing musicians for Al Green, Ann Peebles and several other soul, gospel and blues artists, primarily on the Hi Records label in Memphis, Tennessee.

Remaining active, Hodges appeared on albums by American R&B musicians Rufus Thomas and Bobby Rush. He also appeared on Cat Power's 2006 album The Greatest, and Frazey Ford's 2016 album, Indian Ocean https://archive.commercialappeal.com/entertainment/music/features/frazey-ford-reunites-with-hodges-brothers-to-indulge-passion-for-soul-music--352dfe59-7a38-35f5-e053-383324051.html.

References

1943 births
Living people
American session musicians
Musicians from Memphis, Tennessee
20th-century American bass guitarists
HMS Whitaker has been the name of more than one ship of the British Royal Navy, and may refer to:

 HMS Whitaker, a destroyer cancelled in 1918 prior to construction; see V and W-class destroyer#Admiralty modified W class
 , a frigate in commission from 1944 to 1945

Royal Navy ship names
Wilson Cemetery is a historic cemetery at Wilson Street on Marlborough, Massachusetts.  The cemetery is a  parcel that is usually accessed via the adjacent Evergreen Cemetery.  Wilson Cemetery was established in 1764, and contains marked graves dating between 1764 and 2000.  Most of the burials date to the 19th century.  The older portion of the cemetery is to the north, where graves are arrayed in rough north–south rows.  A central pathway separates this section from the southern portion, which is laid out in a more formal rectilinear grid.  The most prominent burial is the tomb of Robert Eames, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War.

The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Marlborough, Massachusetts

References

Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Cemeteries in Marlborough, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
The Long Island Board of Rabbis is an organization of Conservative, Orthodox, Reform, and Reconstructionist rabbis on Long Island, New York.  Its headquarters, previously located in Deer Park, New York, are currently located in Rockville Centre, New York.

As of 1988, the Board represented nearly 300 rabbis.  They, in turn, served an estimated 700,000 Jews on Long Island.

Issues
The Board has issued resolutions and policy statements from time to time on various issues.  At times it has done so by itself, and in other instances it has done so jointly with other organizations, including the Long Island Council of Churches, and the Commission on Christian-Jewish Relations of the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island.  Issues that it has focused on have included anti-Semitic incidents on Long Island, the Holocaust, taxation of houses of worship on Long Island, domestic violence, drug abuse, and anti-Black racism.

Leadership
Present day President of the Board is Rabbi Susan Elkodsi. 
Past Presidents of the Board include Rabbis Joel Levenson, Lena Zerbarini, Michael Stanger, Elliot Skiddell, Susan Moskowitz,Simon Resnikoff, Julius Goldberg (Plainview Jewish Center), Tobias Rothenberg (Huntington Jewish Center), Esor Ben-Sorek, Arthur Schwartz, Philip S. Krohn, Paul Kushner (Congregation Shaarei Shalom), Stuart Geller (Temple Emanuel) in Lynbrook), Bruce Ginsburg (Congregation Sons of Israel), Alan F. Lavin (Temple Hillel of North Woodmere), Ronald L. Androphy (East Meadow Jewish Center), and Moshe A. Birnbaum (Plainview Jewish Center).

See also
New York Board of Rabbis

References

Rabbinical organizations
Long Island
Jews and Judaism in Suffolk County, New York
Jewish-American political organizations
"Donkey Riding" is a traditional work song or sea shanty originally sung in Canada, Scotland and the Northeastern United States. It has also become popular as a children's song. The earliest written record of the song dates to 1857. The tune and words are an adaptation of "Highland Laddie". It is generally, but not universally, agreed that the "donkey" of the song title is a reference to the steam donkey, a kind of general-purpose steam engine. Stan Hugill, a sea-music historian, said that he had been informed that the song was also sung in the Gulf Ports as well as being popular at sea.

Recordings
Recordings of this song include:
The Black Family on their self-titled album
Fisherman's Friends on Proper Job
 Great Big Sea on the albums Play and Road Rage
Rick Jones, Julie Stevens and Jonathan Cohen on Songs from Play School
The Travellers on The Travellers Sing for Kids
Wade Hemsworth on Folk Songs of the Canadian North Woods

References

External links
 

American folk songs
British folk songs
Canadian folk songs
Sea shanties
Evel, Ével, or EVEL may refer to:

People
Evel Knievel (1938-2007), American stunt performer
Evel Dick (Richard Louis Donato, born 1963), American winner of the reality game show Big Brother 8

Other uses
Ével, a river in France
EVEL, or English votes for English laws, a parliamentary procedure used to address aspects of the West Lothian question in the UK parliament

See also
 Bejtyl Evel Mosque, a mosque in Tirana, Albania
Evel Knievel (disambiguation)
 Evel Rabbati, a tractate in the Babylonian Talmud
Evil (disambiguation)
Yara Rodrigues Fowler is a British novelist of Brazilian origin. A Londoner by upbringing, she made her literary debut with the novel Stubborn Archivist in 2019, a novel she describes as "realist" and "natural ... [since it reflects] everyday life". She was nominated for the Sunday Times Young Writer of the Year award, and she was also named by the Financial Times as one of “the planet’s 30 most exciting young people”. Her new novel there are more things appeared in 2022. It was nominated for the Goldsmiths Prize and the Orwell Prize for Fiction, and it was also a Sunday Times Fiction Book of the Year. In 2023, she was named by Granta Magazine in their decennial list of best young British novelists.

A political activist, she also worked on boosting youth turnout in the 2017 UK general election.

References

21st-century British novelists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
British women novelists
Writers from London
British political activists
British people of Brazilian descent
Blush is a medium bright tone of pink. 

The first written use of blush as a color name in English was in 1590.

Use
The color blush represents live theatre because it is a color often used for theatre makeup.

Tones of blush color comparison chart

See also
List of colors (compact)

References

Shades of red
The Governing Council (GovCo) was the legislature and executive of the Solomon Islands between 1970 and 1974.

History
The Governing Council was established in 1970 when a new constitution was promulgated on 10 April. It combined the previous Legislative Council and Executive Council into a single body. For the first time, elected members were in the majority, having increased in number from 14 to 17. The GovCo consisted of seventeen elected members, nine government officials and the High Commissioner, who served as Chairman.

The Council had six committees; Communications, Finance, Internal Affairs, Natural Resources, Social Services and Works. The elected members were elected from single-member constituencies for four-year terms. The first elections took place in 1970. Prior to the 1973 elections the number of elected members and consistencies was increased to 24.

On  27 August 1974 a new constitution was promulgated, abolishing the Governing Council and replacing it with the Legislative Assembly.

List of constituencies

References

 
Politics of the Solomon Islands
Defunct unicameral legislatures
1970 establishments in the Solomon Islands
1974 disestablishments in the Solomon Islands
Gerson Hitjevi Veii (18 January 1939 – 14 February 2015) was a Namibian politician. Veii was founder member of the South West Africa National Union (SWANU) and its president from 1968 to 1982. After Namibian independence he was the first governor of Kunene Region.

Veii was born on 18 January 1939 in Kalkfeld in central Namibia. He was the first Namibian to be tried under the 1962 Sabotage Act of apartheid South Africa. Following a December 1967 speech in Windhoek's Old Location against the incarceration of SWAPO leaders in the wake of the military actions at Omugulugwombashe he was arrested, convicted of inciting racial hatred, and sentenced to five years in prison. He spent one year in solitary confinement in Pretoria, and a further four years on Robben Island. When he was released in 1972 he had developed a brain tumour and several other debilitating health problems. His family suspected that he was the subject of experiments on Robben Island. Veii died of cardiac arrest in Windhoek on 14 February 2015. He was married with eight children.

Veil was elected deputy secretary-general of SWANU  in 1960. In 1968 while imprisoned on Robben Island he was elected party president in absentia, a position he held until 1982. Following Namibia's independence in 1990 he was appointed first Governor of Kunene Region.

Veil received a state funeral on 25 February 2015. He was buried at Heroes' Acre near Windhoek, the first card holder of an opposition party to receive this honour.

References

1939 births
2015 deaths
Governors of Kunene Region
National heroes of Namibia
SWANU politicians
Inmates of Robben Island
Herero people
People from Otjozondjupa Region
Namibian rebels
Sgs1, also known as slow growth suppressor 1, is a DNA helicase protein found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.  It is a homolog of the bacterial RecQ helicase.  Like the other members of the RecQ helicase family, Sgs1 is important for DNA repair.  In particular, Sgs1 collaborates with other proteins to repair double-strand breaks during homologous recombination in eukaryotes.

Meiosis

The Sgs1(BLM) helicase is an ortholog of the human Bloom syndrome protein.  It appears to be a central regulator of most of the recombination events that occur during S. cerevisiae meiosis.  During normal meiosis Sgs1(BLM) is responsible for directing recombination towards the alternate formation of either early non-crossover recombinants (NCOs) or Holliday junction joint molecules, the latter being subsequently resolved as crossovers (COs) (see Figure).  The several roles of Sgs1 in meiotic recombination were reviewed by Klein and Symington.  Primarily, Sgs1 displaces the strand invasion intermediate that initiates recombination, thus facilitating NCO recombination (see Homologous recombination and Bloom syndrome protein).

Sgs1 also has a role in a pathway leading to CO recombinants. Sgs1 together with EXO1 and MLH1-MLH3 heterodimer (MutL gamma) define a joint molecule resolution pathway that produces the majority of crossovers in budding yeast, and by inference, in mammals.

References

DNA repair
Charadra pata is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is known only from Guatemala City in Guatemala.

Nothing is known of the biology, although the larvae possibly feed on oak.

External links
The North American species of Charadra Walker, with a revision of the Charadra pata (Druce) group (Noctuidae, Pantheinae)

Pantheinae
Moths described in 1894
Haynes Township is a civil township of Alcona County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 722 at the 2010 census.

Communities
Alcona is an unincorporated community located along the shores of Lake Huron in the northern portion of the township a .  It was first settled around 1858 by Canadian fisherman William Hill, and the community was originally called The Cove.  It was renamed Alcona after the name of the county, which was devised by Henry Rowe Schoolcraft as an Indian word that means "beautiful plain."  A post office was established on January 9, 1867.  Fishing was the primary activity of the community until about 1865 when it transitioned into lumber until 1880.  Alcona never prospered, and the post office closed on August 15, 1903.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the township has a total area of , of which  is land and  (0.40%) is water.

Portions of the township are included in the Huron National Forest.  The township also includes Sturgeon Point State Park, which contains the historic Sturgeon Point Light Station along the coast of Lake Huron.

Major highways
 runs along the eastern portion of the township near Lake Huron.
 is a county-designated highway that runs along the western boundary of the township.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 724 people, 308 households, and 230 families residing in the township. The population density was 20.7 per square mile (8.0/km2). There were 598 housing units at an average density of 17.1 per square mile (6.6/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 98.34% White, 0.28% Native American, 0.14% Pacific Islander, and 1.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.41% of the population.

There were 308 households, out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.6% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.3% were non-families. 22.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.71.

In the township the population was spread out, with 19.9% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 19.3% from 25 to 44, 34.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 49 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.8 males.

The median income for a household in the township was $34,896, and the median income for a family was $39,750. Males had a median income of $32,125 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $20,279. About 5.0% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.8% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Haynes Township is served entirely by Alcona Community Schools.

References

External links

Haynes Township official website
 Alcona Historical Society

Townships in Alcona County, Michigan
Townships in Michigan
Populated places on Lake Huron in the United States
In non-consequentialist ethical thought, there is a moral distinction between killing and letting die. Whereas killing involves intervention, letting die involves withholding care.

Also in medical ethics there is a moral distinction between euthanasia and letting die. Legally, patients often have a right to reject life-sustaining care, in areas that do not permit euthanasia.

See also 
 Passive euthanasia
 Vacco v. Quill
 Right to die
 Do not resuscitate
 Trolley problem

References

Further reading
 Bennett Jonathan (1993), 'Negation and abstention: two theories of allowing' in B. Steinbock and A. Norcross (eds.), Killing and Letting Die, pp. 230-56, New York: Fordham University Press.

Causes of death
Medical ethics
Gentle Annie is a film with a Western theme, directed in 1944 by Andrew Marton, starring Donna Reed and James Craig. Marjorie Main played the role of Annie Goss. A notable actor in this film is Harry Morgan, who plays Cottonwood Goss. Morgan is best known for his role as Col. Potter in the TV show M*A*S*H.

Plot
A frontierswoman turns her family into a band of bank robbers.

Cast
 James Craig as Lloyd Richland aka Rich Williams
 Donna Reed as Mary Lingen
 Marjorie Main as Annie Goss
 Harry Morgan as Cottonwood Goss (credited as Henry Morgan)
 Paul Langton as Violet Goss
 Barton MacLane as Sheriff Tatum
 John Philliber as Barrow
 Morris Ankrum as Deputy Gansby
 Frank Darien as Jake
 Lee Shumway as Fireman (uncredited)

Production notes
Hollywood Reporter news items and MGM publicity material provide the following information about the production: MGM purchased MacKinlay Kantor's novel in February 1942. Filming began on October 6, 1942, but when director W. S. Van Dyke became ill in early November 1942, production was halted. Tay Garnett was to take over direction on November 9, 1942, but the project was shelved and not revived until June 1944.

The 1942 version was produced by Sam Zimbalist and starred Robert Taylor as Lloyd Richland, Susan Peters as Mary Lingen, Spring Byington as Annie Goss, Charles Grapewin as Barrow and Morris Ankrum as the sheriff. When the project was revived in 1944, the script was rewritten and all the principal crew and cast, except Ankrum and Craig, were replaced.

Production dates: August 7 — early September 1944. Additional scenes began late September 1944.

John Philliber, who plays Barrow in the film, died on November 8, 1944, shortly after filming ended. Gentle Annie was his last picture.

See also
 List of American films of 1944

References

External links 
 
 
 
 

1944 films
1944 Western (genre) films
1940s romance films
American Western (genre) films
American black-and-white films
American romance films
Films based on works by MacKinlay Kantor
Films directed by Andrew Marton
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
1940s American films
Trękusek  () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Purda, within Olsztyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the historic region of Warmia.

The village was founded in 1359.

The historic sights of Trękusek are the Warmian old wayside shrine and the ruins of an early 20th-century manor.

Gallery

References

Villages in Olsztyn County
Five-year plan may refer to:

Nation plans 
 Five-year plans of the Soviet Union, a series of nationwide centralized economic plans in the Soviet Union
 Five-Year Plans of Argentina
 Five-Year Plans of Bhutan, a series of national economic development plans created by the government of Bhutan since 1961
 Five-year plans of China (PRC), a series of social and economic development initiatives
 Five-Year Plans of Ethiopia
 Five-Year Plans of India, which existed from 1947 to 2017
 Five-Year Plans of Nepal
 Five-Year Plans of Pakistan, centralized economic plans and targets as part of economic development initiatives
 Five-Year Plans of Romania, economic development projects in Communist Romania, largely inspired by the Soviet model
 Five-Year Plans of South Korea, an economic development project of South Korea
 Five-Year Plans of Vietnam, a series of economic development initiatives
 Five-year plan of Yugoslavia, which existed from 1946 to 1951
 First Malayan Five-Year Plan, the first economic development plan launched by the Malayan government, just before independence in 1957
 Five years plan to governing aborigines – Japanese plan in the early twentieth century to control the native population of Taiwan

Other uses
 F.Y.P, punk rock band

See also
 Four Year Plan, a series of economic reforms created by the Nazi Party
 Economic development
 Economic planning
 Planned economy

Five-year plans
is a former Japanese football player and manager.

Playing career
Kishino was born in Shingu on June 13, 1958. After graduating from high school, he joined Mitsubishi Motors in 1977. He could not play in the game and he left in 1980. In 1982, he joined Yomiuri (later Verdy Kawasaki, Tokyo Verdy). He retired in 1990.

Coaching career
After retirement, Kishino started coaching career at Yomiuri in 1991. He coached top team and youth team as assistant coach until 2004. In 2005, he moved to Sagan Tosu and became an assistant coach. In 2007, he was promoted to manager and managed until 2009. In 2010, he signed with Yokohama FC. In March 2012, he was sacked. In 2015, he signed with Kataller Toyama, but in August, he was sacked.

Club statistics

Managerial statistics

References

External links

1958 births
Living people
Association football people from Wakayama Prefecture
Japanese men's footballers
Japan Soccer League players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Tokyo Verdy players
Japanese football managers
J1 League managers
J2 League managers
J3 League managers
Tokyo Verdy managers
Sagan Tosu managers
Yokohama FC managers
Kataller Toyama managers
Men's association football defenders
People from Shingū, Wakayama