Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
A fire rake is a wildland fire fighting tool. A fire rake has a wooden or fiberglass handle with a rake head consisting of four to six sharp, serrated, triangular steel blades. It is used to rake a fire break with the sharp teeth, enabling it to reach fire in undergrowth in addition to loose surface debris. A McLeod, which is sometimes called a rake hoe, is a similar tool whose rake portion looks more like a steel rake but with sharp edges on the teeth. The teeth of the more traditional fire rake which resemble the teeth of a great white shark allow it to penetrate deeper into the undergrowth when necessary. The preference for one implement over the other is somewhat subjective.

A fire fighter will rake burning material back into the (black) area already burned, moving the fire away from the fuel ahead of it to create a fire break. The burning material is left to burn itself out away from the edge of the fire line, or another fire fighter with a fire flapper will smother it if required. The tool will cut through any undergrowth that may be burning and overturn some soil, further assisting in creating a fire break, thus smothering fire. This can reduce the temperature of burning materials below their threshold of ignition.

See also 
 Pulaski (tool)

Wildfire suppression equipment
Forestry tools
Herennius Modestinus, or simply Modestinus, was a civil servant and a celebrated Roman jurist, a student of Ulpian who flourished about 250 AD.

He appears to have been a native of one of the Greek-speaking provinces, or probably Dalmatia. 
Possibly from 223 to 225 AD he was secretary a libellis under Emperor Alexander Severus, and  about  228 he was praefectus vigilum.
In Valentinian's Law of Citations he is classed with Papinian, Paulus, Gaius and Ulpian, as one of the five jurists whose recorded views were considered decisive. He is considered to be the last great jurist of the classic age of Roman law. 

He is mentioned in a rescript of Gordian III in the year 240 in connection with a responsum which he gave to the party to whom the rescript was addressed. No fewer than 345 passages in the Digest of the Corpus Juris Civilis are taken from his writings. He is the author of a collection of Responsa and Digesta written in 12 books.

References 

 Alan Watson, Roman Law and Comparative Law (London: University of Georgia Press, 1991).
 

Modestinus, Herennius
3rd-century Romans
Modestinus
Praefecti vigilum
Fujiwara no Sadanobu(藤原定信, 1088–1156) was a Heian period calligrapher. He is known primarily for his hiragana poetry transcriptions. 

He came from the Sesson-ji lineage of calligraphers as the son of Fujiwara no Sadazane and fifth-generation descendant of its founder, Fujiwara no Yukinari. He is said to have been a very fast and graceful writer, and that he copied the entire Issaikyo, the body of all Buddhist literature, in 23 years.

Ishiyama-gire 
Fujiwara no Sadanobu's most famous surviving works come from his calligraphy of a segment of the poem anthology Tsurayuki-shū composed by Ki no Tsurayuki known as the Ishiyama-gire composed in the 12th century. In his work, he used a versatile and attractive style while mainting speed and power. The Tsurayuki-shū itself is part of a larger series of poems called the Anthology of Thirty-Six Poets(Nishi Honganji Sanjurokunin-shu), a compilation of poetry from the Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry given to a Hongan-ji temple by Emperor Go-Nara in Tenmon 18. "Ishiyama" refers to the locality in Osaka where the temple once stood. His calligraphy is surprisingly modern for 12th-century Japan, decorating his paper with natural motifs like pampas grass, butterflies, and maple leaves. He often divided his paper into several planes of color joined at the edges. These edges were ragged or straight, to heighten visual interest. Sadanobu was a master of color and composition as well as calligraphy.

Poem anthologies were given as gifts in the Heian period, so great effort was taken to be aesthetically refined. The natural iconography also included other insects and plants, embellished in silver. In addition to natural imagery, he also used Chinese motifs, and sometimes printed them in mica using woodblocks.
 

The Ishiyama-gire is composed of waka short poems, that sometimes deal with death and departure. The two poems mourning a lost friend illustrated here read:
A beloved friend whom I met until yesterday is gone today,

swept away like mountain clouds.

How tragic that although we live,

whatever we have will surely die.

References 

1088 births
1156 deaths
12th-century Japanese calligraphers
Betsi Gabriela Rivas Arteaga (born , San Carlos, Cojedes, Venezuela) is a weightlifter from Venezuela. She won the silver medal at the 2007 Pan American Games for her native South American country in the – 48 kg weight division. Her first name is sometimes also spelled as Betsy.

She won the gold medal in clean and jerk and bronze in snatch during the 2014 Pan American Sports Festival.

She also competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

References

External links
 iwf.net

1986 births
Living people
Venezuelan female weightlifters
Weightlifters at the 2007 Pan American Games
Weightlifters at the 2011 Pan American Games
Weightlifters at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic weightlifters for Venezuela
People from Cojedes (state)
Pan American Games silver medalists for Venezuela
Female powerlifters
Pan American Games medalists in weightlifting
Central American and Caribbean Games bronze medalists for Venezuela
Competitors at the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games
Weightlifters at the 2015 Pan American Games
South American Games gold medalists for Venezuela
South American Games medalists in weightlifting
Competitors at the 2010 South American Games
Central American and Caribbean Games medalists in weightlifting
Medalists at the 2007 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games
21st-century Venezuelan women
Charles Soret (born 23 September 1854, Geneva, Switzerland; died 4 April 1904) was a Swiss physicist and chemist. He is known for his work on thermodiffusion (the so-called Soret effect).

Life
Charles Soret was the son of Jacques-Louis Soret, professor of physical medicine at University of Geneva, and Clémentine Odier.  In 1872, Charles  graduated from an art college in Geneva and, two years later, he added a degree in mathematics. In addition, he also attended lectures in physics and other sciences.  He continued studies in mathematics at the Sorbonne, where he received his MA in 1876.  He believed that a good physicist is first of all a good mathematician; therefore, only afterwards he focused on physics in which he obtained a master's degree two years later.

Soon, he was offered a place in the Department of crystallography and mineralogy at the University of Geneva. There, in 1879, he became a lecturer and a full professor in 1881.

In 1879, he published his first discussion on thermodiffusion on the basis of experiments with solutions of NaCl and KNO3 in pipes with heated or cooled ends. He noticed higher concentrations at the cooler end of the pipe. His experiments confirmed the results of C. Ludwig (published 20 years earlier) of which Soret probably did not know.

In addition to thermal migration, he also conducted research on refractometry.

In 1898 he became the rector of the University of Geneva. He died in April 1904 due to gastrointestinal illness, a few days after a successful operation.

Sources

Swiss chemists
Swiss mineralogists
Swiss physicists
University of Paris alumni
Academic staff of the University of Geneva
Rectors of the University of Geneva
1854 births
1904 deaths
Durbar Marg or Durbarmarg (; informally known as King's way) is a broad, long avenue in the Nepali capital, Kathmandu. It can be considered the heart of the city, akin to the Champs Elysées and the chief avenues of many capitals. As it leads to the Royal Palace of Narayanhiti, it is also known the King's Way among foreigners, Durbar meaning, as in the Moghul Empire, a royal gathering or court. It is a major tourist draw, vying with Thamel. It is flanked by luxury hotels (e.g. Hotel Del' Annapurna), restaurants serving international cuisine, global shopping brand outlets in refined centres including expensive boutiques, travel agencies, a couple of embassies and commercial banking headquarters and premium real estate such as international airline offices.

Location/History
A statue of King Mahendra, father of King Birendra stands in the center of the roundabout at the junction of Durbar Marg with Jamal maintained by Hotel Del' Annapurna. The ancient settlement of Jamal was a victim of the Ranas' enthusiasm for building. The rulers seized land from farmers and monasteries, demolishing an old bahal to make way for the new road. The bahal, one time abode of the 'White (Sveta) Matsyendranath', stood where a god image had been found in a field, an event commemorated every year at the Jana Baha Dyah Jatra. Sveta Matsyendranath chariot is assembled and driven three times round the spot over which the statue of King Mahendra now presides. Also on Durbar Marg, the greater part of which was built during the Rana era, are the campus of Tri-Chandra College and a mosque used by the valley's Muslim minority.

Recently, the Royal Palace was turned into a public museum immediately after the country was declared a republic and the surge in the construction activities in the region. Durbar Marg is a central junction for the road connecting Lazimpat and Thamel, Bhat-Bhateni and Baluwatar, New Road and Asan and Putali Sadak and Kamaladi. Durbar Marg is one of the best maintained and cleanest places in the Kathmandu valley, and a green belt has been created in the side way. Narayanhiti Palace Museum, luxury hotels, shopping malls, discos, pubs and famous branded showroom's have been a special feature of Durbar Marg.

Restaurants

 Hard Rock Cafe
 Nanglo Bakery Cafe and HotBread
 Italian Pizza and Ice Cream
 Wimpys Kings Burger Pvt. Ltd.
 KFC
 Pizza Hut
 Trisara
 Regal Flavors Restro & Bar

Banks and offices
 Kumari Bank Limited
 Nepal Investment Bank
 State Bank of India - Nepal (SBI)
 Nabil Bank
 Thai Airways
 Qatar Airways
 Baleno
 Mega Bank Nepal Limited
 Manakamana Network Communication
 Citizens Bank International Limited

Shopping centers and shopping stores
 Sherpa Mall
 Square Mall
 Woodland Complex
 Adidas, Reebok, Puma, Joma, Nike, US Polo Assn, Arrow .
 Eighteen shop, Big Apple, Bentley.
 Brand stores: Zara, Benetton, Levi's, Swarovski, Cartier, etc.
 EvoStore: Apple, Bose, JBL, Incase, Speck

Art galleries and furniture
 Curio Concern
 The Curio Gallery
 Melange Home Incentives
 Antique House of Khanal & Sons
 Archies Gallery, Durbarmarg

Clubs and bars
 Club Platinum
 Club Ozone

Streets in Kathmandu
Mamasapano: Now It Can Be Told is a 2022 Philippine historical action film directed by Lester Dimaranan starring Edu Manzano, Aljur Abrenica, and Paolo Gumabao.

Cast
Edu Manzano as Lt. Gen. Benjamin Magalong
Aljur Abrenica as Lt. Franco
Paolo Gumabao as Supt. Raymond Train
Allan Paule as Gen. Getulio Napenas
Rey Abellana as Col. Pabalinas
Gerald Santos as Sgt. Lalan
Rez Cortez as Gen. Alan Purisima
Juan Rodrigo as Secretary Mar Roxas
Jervic Cajarop as President Noynoy Aquino
Claudine Barretto as Erica Pabalinas

Also making appearances in the film are Jojo Abellana, Ronnie Liang, Kuya Manzano, Jim Pebanco, Tom Olivar, Rico Barrera, LA Santos, Marcus Madrigal, AJ Oteyza, Marco Gomez, Rash Flores, Elmo Elarmo, and Nathan Cajucom. Ritz Azul and Myrtle Sarrosa makes a guest appearance in the film, portraying composite characters.

Production
Mamasapano: Now It Can Be Told was made by Borracho Film Production under producer-lawyer Ferdinand Topacio. The film is based on the Mamasapano clash in 2015 which led to the death of 44 members of the Philippine National Police's (PNP) Special Action Force. The film was submitted as a script for the 2020 Metro Manila Film Festival but was not accepted. The film was directed by Lester Dimaranan and written by Eric Ramos. Ramos remarked that the script he did for Mamasapano was the hardest, since he "can't invent" and had to do research for the film. Only the characters of Ritz Azul and Myrtle Sarrosa are fictional who portrayed reporters from two rival networks. Mamasapano is described as action, a war film, and a procedural.

The film is based on the board of inquiry report of the PNP and the investigation report on the incident by the Senate.

The film was already in production in 2020 with Law Fajardo as director. Production was not finished on schedule and was supposedly should have been finished by May of that year. It was planned that the scene of the Mamasapano clash be shot during the dry season, but rainy season came without the certain scene shot. This led to the replacement of most of the production staff with writer Ramos being a noted holdover of the Fajardo team. Work for Mamasapano continued in January 2022. Farjardo was replaced by Dimaranan.

Mamasapano had a private test screening on August 26, 2022 at the Baguio Country Club in Baguio. It was not yet picture locked and is already 99 percent complete at that time. It was screened in order for the production team to determine what kind of tweaking the film still needed.

Release
Mamasapano was released on cinemas in the Philippines on December 25, 2022 as one of the eight official entries of the 2022 Metro Manila Film Festival. Had the film not been accepted as an entry for the 2022 Metro Manila Film Festival, it was planned for the film to premiere on November 30, 2022.

Notes

References

2022 films
Filipino-language films
2020s police procedural films
War films based on actual events
2020s action war films
The 2015 FC Ordabasy season is their 13th season in the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest tier of association football in Kazakhstan, following their promotion from to the Kazakhstan First Division in 2003. Ordabasy will also play in the UEFA Europa League and Kazakhstan Cup.

Squad

Reserve team

Transfers

Winter

In:

Out:

Summer

In:

Out:

Competitions

Kazakhstan Premier League

First round

Results summary

Results by round

Results

League table

Championship round

Results summary

Results by round

Results

League table

Kazakhstan Cup

UEFA Europa League

Qualifying rounds

Squad statistics

Appearances and goals

|-
|colspan="14"|Players away from Ordabasy on loan:
|-
|colspan="14"|Players who appeared for Ordabasy that left during the season:
|}

Goal scorers

Disciplinary record

References

External links

Ordabasy
Ordabasy
FC Ordabasy seasons
Direct Lending is a form of corporate debt provision in which lenders other than banks make loans to companies without intermediaries such as an investment bank, a broker or a private equity firm. In direct lending, the borrowers are usually smaller or mid-sized companies, also called mid-market or small and medium enterprises, rather than large, publicly listed companies.  Lenders are generally asset management or private debt fund manager firms.  Direct lending funds use leverage, but generally less than banks or collateralized debt obligation funds (CDO/CLO).

Private Debt primarily focuses on investing at the top of the capital structure, primarily in senior, secured first lien debt. Investing at or near the top of the capital structure reduces risk relative to equity.  Direct Lending includes Senior Debt and Unitranche Debt.  Quarterly interest payments drives a constant cash flow stream throughout the deal life.  Because the total AUM of both Private Equity and Private Credit exhibited strong growth from 2013-2023, the proportion of Private Credit has remained relatively steady for the past decade.  The assets under management (AUM) in Private Credit has grown by almost 4 times over the past decade.  Private Credit metrics are proxied by Direct Lending which has exhibited strong performance through economic cycles. CalPERS references a Direct Lending benchmark as represented by the Cliffwater Direct Lending Index having market size of $263 billion as of December 2022.

The market has grown in importance since around 2009 in response to banks reducing their lending activities to companies in the wake of the Financial crisis of 2007-08. The need for direct lending has been put at €100 billion in Europe alone between 2013 and 2015. However, other sources report that in 2014 asset managers are struggling to find enough direct lending opportunities to invest in.

Asset managers cite the higher returns available from direct lending strategies as a main reason that people should invest in direct lending. US pension funds are among the investors who are reported to have made allocations to direct lending strategies, especially in Europe.  Several European governments have taken initiatives to boost direct lending to smaller companies since the financial crisis. For example, in 2012, the UK government introduced a scheme to lend £700 million of public money to smaller companies in partnership with asset managers.

2018 U.S. data shows performance returns for private credit funds equal or better than leveraged-loan, high-yield and BDC indexes. Direct lending funds have relatively low beta with positive alpha when benchmarked to leveraged loan/high yield indices. Low correlation is observed between direct lending funds with leveraged loan/high yield indices.

A large number of asset management firms have started funds to invest in direct lending, and several US firms have targeted European direct lending since around the start of 2013.

See also
Private-equity secondary market
Floating interest rate
Mezzanine capital
Venture capital
Revenue-based financing
History of private equity and venture capital

References 

Financial services
Credit
Women Won't Tell is a 1932 American Pre-Code drama film directed by Richard Thorpe and starring Sarah Padden, Otis Harlan and Gloria Shea. It was written by Lela E. Rogers, mother of Ginger Rogers.

Main cast
 Sarah Padden as Aggie Specks  
 Otis Harlan as Henry Jones  
 Gloria Shea as April Specks Moorehouse  
 Larry Kent as George Robinson  
 Edmund Breese as Attorney for the Defense  
 Mae Busch as Mrs. Ruth Howard 
 Walter Long as Joe Kummer  
 William V. Mong as Elias Moorehouse  
 Robert Ellis as District Attorney  
 Tom Ricketts as Williams  
 Isabel Withers as Wanda Wolf  
 John Hyams as Walter Robinson  
 Jane Darwell as Mrs. Walter Robinson  
 Dewey Robinson as Gregory Howard  
 Donald Kirke as Alvin Thompson  
 Charles Hill Mailes as Second Judge  
 Betty Mack as Liz

References

Bibliography
 Pitts, Michael R. Poverty Row Studios, 1929-1940. McFarland & Company, 2005.

External links
 

1932 films
1932 drama films
1930s English-language films
American drama films
Films directed by Richard Thorpe
American black-and-white films
Chesterfield Pictures films
1930s American films
English-language drama films
Atrichum tenellum, also known as the slender smoothcap, is a species of moss belonging to the family Polytrichaceae. It is red listed in Iceland as a critically endangered (CR) species. In Iceland, it is only found in two geothermal areas.

Description 
A. tenellum will form dull brown or green clumps. The species possesses 2cm tall shoots that are erect and unbranched. Leaves are 4.5-5.5mm long and scarcely undulate. The leaves are also narrowly egg-shaped and distinctively narrowed towards the base. They also possess paired marginal teeth down to the mid-leaf.

Habitat 
A. tenellum is an uncommon species, which can be found in a range of disturbed, acidic and open habitats. A tenellum grows on moist soils such a loam or sandy humus. This species can be found growing in woodland habitats where it inhabits rides, but also in ditches and even open heathlands and grasslands. Populations can also be found on the banks of streams, lakes and reservoirs where the soil is moist.

References

Polytrichaceae
Flora of Iceland
Plants described in 1844
Daniel Robert Bance (born 27 September 1982) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bodmin Town.

Bance was born in Plymouth. He began his career as an apprentice with Football League club Plymouth Argyle and progressed through the club's youth system to make his first team debut on 16 April 2001 in a 3–0 defeat at Kidderminster Harriers. He was substituted after 49 minutes and it proved to be his only appearance in the professional game. Bance joined Southern League side Weymouth on trial in July 2001 with a view to joining the club on loan. He was released by Plymouth Argyle in the summer of 2002 and then signed a two-year contract with Taunton Town. He then joined St Blazey, where he won the South Western League championship in 2005 and 2007, and later captained the side. Bance moved to Liskeard Athletic in January 2010. Seven months later, he signed for Bodmin Town.

Honours
St Blazey
South Western League: 2004–2005, 2006–2007

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Plymouth, Devon
English men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Plymouth Argyle F.C. players
Taunton Town F.C. players
St Blazey A.F.C. players
Liskeard Athletic F.C. players
Bodmin Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
Baughman may refer to:

People
 Baughman (surname)

Places

United States
 Baughman Settlement, West Virginia, an unincorporated community in Hardy County, West Virginia
 Baughman Township, Wayne County, Ohio, a township

Other uses
 The Baughman Center, two buildings (a chapel or pavilion and an administration building) on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, in the United States
 Baughman Creek (Oregon), a stream located in Tillamook County, Oregon, in the United States
 , a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918