Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
A taxi medallion, also known as a CPNC (Certificate of Public Necessity and Convenience), is a transferable permit in the United States allowing a taxicab driver to operate. Several major cities in the US use these in their taxi licensing systems, including New York City, Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, and San Francisco.

The medallion system is a government-created intentional constraint on the supply of taxicabs, and because cities have historically increased the number of medallions at a slower rate than the growth in demand for taxis, medallions have generally been considered a valuable investment, though recently the increased supply of cars for hire created by ridesharing companies has been eroding the value of medallions.

Historical prices

Boston
In 2013, the price of a medallion was $625,000. In 2014, that price had risen to around $700,000. Shortly thereafter, however, medallion prices began to sharply decline. According to the Boston Herald, by the end of 2018, the value of a Boston Taxi Medallion had collapsed; after reaching an all-time high in 2014, prices had fallen to around $40,000, representing a 95% loss.

Cambridge
In 2014, a medallion was worth nearly $700,000.

Chicago
The total value of all medallions and assets related to them had a value of $2.5 billion in Chicago in 2013. 
In 2012, medallion prices ranged from $87,000 to $385,000. In 2015, Chicago's average medallion price was under $230,000, down 30% from 2014. In 2018, they had dropped to a range of $30,000 to $100,000.

New York City

The total value of all medallions and assets related to them had a value of $16.6 billion in New York City in 2013.

In 1962, the market value of a medallion was around $25,000. The price rose steadily. In 2005, an individual medallion was around $325,000 while a corporate medallion was approximately $375,000. Around 2010, the market value of a medallion was around $600,000. It peaked around 2013 at over $1,000,000. Between 2014 and 2015, New York City's non-corporate medallion price dropped 45%. In 2015, the price had fallen to approximately $650,000. As of 2018, one could purchase a medallion for less than $200,000. On July 11, 2019, 16 medallions were offered at auction, 3 sold for $137,000, $136,000 and $138,000; the remaining 13 failed to attract any bidders. Since many cab drivers took out loans in order to afford medallions when values were high, many have subsequently been forced to declare bankruptcy. In September 2020, Marblegate Management LLC, the largest holder of NYC medallion loans, decided to write off $70 million in debt that indigent cab drivers still owed.

Philadelphia
In 2005, the value of a medallion was roughly $65,000 to $80,000. As of 2018, the value was around $50,000.

San Francisco
Prices were once $250,000 but have since declined.

See also
 Illegal taxicab operation
 Taxicabs of the United States

References

External links

 City of Chicago website information on medallions

Licenses
Taxis
Gorno Nerezi (, ) is a village in the municipality of Karpoš, North Macedonia. The settlement is situated at an altitude of 771 meters (2532 feet). It is located on the wooded slopes of Mt. Vodno, covers a 7 km radius.

Located in Gorno Nerezi is the Church of St. Panteleimon, dedicated to the protector of health. The church was constructed in 1164 by order of Alexius Angelus Comnenus, a member of the imperial family. The frescoes are famous examples of Comnenian Age Byzantine Art.

Demographics
According to the 1467-68 Ottoman defter, Nerezi appears as being inhabited by an Orthodox Albanian population. Some families had a mixed Slav-Albanian anthroponomy - usually a Slavic first name and an Albanian last name or last names with Albanian patronyms and Slavic suffixes. The names are: Petko Niko son of Zogo, Tan-o son of Doka-ç, (Duka-ç), Brajko his son, Daci son of Doka-ç (Duka-ç), Niko son of Bujçun, Stepa his son, Niko son of Grop-ça, Berislav, Niko his brother, Don-ço son of Çoça. 

As of the 2021 census, Gorno Nerezi had 181 residents with the following ethnic composition:
Albanians 112
Macedonians 51
Others 12
Turks 5
Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 1

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 314 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
Albanians 282
Macedonians 22
Turks 6 
Vlachs 1
Serbs 3

References

External links

Villages in Karpoš Municipality
Albanian communities in North Macedonia
The 4th Regiment of Riflemen was a unit of the U.S. Army in the early nineteenth century. It was first activated in 1814 during the War of 1812 when the War Department created three additional rifle regiments based on the success of the Regiment of Riflemen. The regiment was deactivated in May 1815.

Organization
The regiment was activated on February 10, 1814. It was consolidated with the other regiments of riflemen on May 17, 1815.

Service
Regimental depots were placed in Utica, New York and western Pennsylvania. Elements of the regiment participated with the 1st Regiment of Riflemen in relieving the Siege of Fort Erie

Notes

References

Rifle regiments of the United States Army
Military units and formations established in 1814
Military units and formations disestablished in 1815
American military units and formations of the War of 1812
Coleby is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 A. E. Coleby (1876–1930), British film director, actor and screenwriter
 Anja Coleby (born 1971),  Australian model, television actress, reporter and producer
 Conrad Coleby (born 1979), Australian actor and photographer
 Kadeem Coleby (born 1989), Bahamian basketball player
 Robert Coleby (born 1947), Australian actor
 Simon Coleby (born 1967), British comic book artist

See also
 Coleby, North Kesteven, near Lincoln
 Coleby, North Lincolnshire, near Scunthorpe
 Coleby Lombardo (born 1978), former child actor
 RAF Coleby Grange, air force base
Ministry of Guards () was a government ministry in Iran between 1982 and 1989, which mainly acted as a ministry of defence dedicated to logistically supply the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. By having its own ministry, the Corps were able to acquire a powerful voice in the cabinet of Iran. It also implied greater regulation and supervision over the Corps by placing its acquisitions and purchases under and the audit and purview of the government.

It mirrored the existing parallel Ministry of National Defence (the word "National" was dropped in 1984) which solely supported and addressed the administrative affairs of the Iranian Army (Artesh) during these years. In 1989, it was dissolved and reintegrated into the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics (MODAFL), in order to centralize military logistics among the Iranian Armed Forces.

Ministers

References 

1982 establishments in Iran
1989 disestablishments in Iran
Ministries established in 1982
Ministries disestablished in 1989
Former government ministries of Iran
Iran
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
Defunct organisations based in Iran
Jerónimo Balbás was a Spanish architect active during the 18th century.  He created the altarpiece for the tabernacle of the Seville Cathedral, which was destroyed in 1824.  He was also involved in working on parts of other Spanish cathedrals.  In 1718 he moved to Mexico where he worked as an architect and sculptor and specialized in the Baroque architecture.  He designed the Altar of Forgiveness at the Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral.

References

Spanish architects
Year of birth missing
18th-century deaths
Vasuki is a 1997 Indian Tamil-language comedy-drama film produced by G. V. Anandan on Anand Movie Land banner and  directed by Kasthuri Raja. The film stars Rajendra Prasad and Urvashi, and has music composed  by Ilaiyaraaja. It was released on 30 October 1997.

Plot

Vasuki (Urvashi) lives with her milkman brother Kabali (Janagaraj) and her sister-in-law Pachaiamma (Jayachitra) in a slum. One day, their relative Ramasamy (Visu) comes to their home with a huge amount of money, he asks them for a favor.

In the past, Ramasamy's daughter married the wealthy (Thalaivasal Vijay). Ramasamy was supposed to give a large dowry to the miser mother-in-law Parvatham (Latha), but he could not collect the money in time. So after the marriage, Parvatham started to torture his daughter, going so far as killing Ramasamy's pregnant daughter. Parvatham then arranged a second marriage for her son. Ramasamy finally got the money they asked but it was too late.

Ramasamy wants to take revenge on the cruel Parvatham with Vasuki's help. Vasuki and her family accept, Vasuki takes the name of Kodeeswari and they start to act as a rich family in front of Parvatham. Parvatham has a younger son Balu (Rajendra Prasad) and she wants him to marry rich bride, and Kodeeswari seems to be the perfect bride. Kodeeswari and Balu finally get married, thus Kodeeswari and her family turn Parvatham's life into hell on earth. What transpires next forms the rest of the story.

Cast

Rajendra Prasad as Balu
Urvashi as Vasuki / Kodeeswari
Visu as Ramasamy
Radha Ravi as Pakkiri
Janagaraj as Kabali
Ramji
Malaysia Vasudevan as Balu’s father
Latha as Parvatham
Jayachitra as Pachaiamma
Thalaivasal Vijay
Pandu as Police officer
Suresh Chakravarthy
Uthra
Kiran Moi
Shanmugasundari
Dubbing Janaki
Bayilvan Ranganathan
Pasi Narayanan
Thideer Kannaiah
Periya Karuppu Thevar
Chaplin Balu
Khushbu in a guest appearance

Production
The production studio Anand Movie Land, which produced the very successful Poomani in 1996, had taken up the serious issue of the dowry problem in their new production Vasuki. One of the leading stars in Telugu Cinema, Rajendra Prasad signed to play the lead role for the first time in Tamil cinema, Ilaiyaraaja composed the musical score and Kasthuri Raja was chosen to direct the film.

Soundtrack

The film score and the soundtrack were composed by Ilaiyaraaja. The soundtrack, released in 1997, features 6 tracks with lyrics written by Kasthuri Raja.

References

External links

1997 films
1990s Tamil-language films
Indian comedy-drama films
Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja
Films directed by Kasthuri Raja
1997 comedy-drama films
Alexandra Daum (born 1986) is a retired Austrian alpine skier.

She recorded a 13th place at the 2006 Junior World Championships and a 5th place at the 2007 Winter Universiade.

She made her World Cup debut in December 2008 in La Molina. She collected her first World Cup points with a 24th place in January 2009 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, also improving to 11th in Ofterschwang before the end of the 2008–09 season. Exclusively a slalom racer, her career World Cup best was a 9th place from November 2012 in Levi. Her last World Cup outing was a 26th place in March 2015 in Åre.

She represented the sports club SV Aschau im Zillertal.

References 

1986 births
Living people
People from Schwaz District
Austrian female alpine skiers
Skiers from Tyrol (state)
20th-century Austrian women
21st-century Austrian women
Cabot is an unincorporated community in Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States.

The Zip Code is 16023.

Geography 
The longitude is -79.766W.

The latitude of Cabot is 40.764N.

It is in the Eastern Standard time zone. Elevation is 1,198 feet.

History 
Cabot was founded in 1806 as a rural community in Winfield Township. The community was first founded by Frederick Doerr, but the town eventually became named after Godfrey Lowell Cabot, who founded the Cabot Academy. The community has a history of being an agricultural community closely associated with Winfield Township.

Eight-year-old Cherrie Mahan, the first child featured on the direct-mailer marketer company ADVO's "Have You Seen Me?" program, disappeared after getting off her school bus near her home near Cabot on February 22, 1985. She has never been found.

References 
History of Butler County, Pennsylvania.

Unincorporated communities in Butler County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania
1806 establishments in Pennsylvania
The Dukhan English School is an international school located in Dukhan, Qatar, following the British Curriculum. The school serves students from 3 to 18 years old, catering mainly to families affiliated with QatarEnergy. It was established in 1954.

References

External links 
 

British international schools in Qatar
Educational institutions established in 1954
1954 establishments in Qatar
The 2013–14 Brown Bears men's basketball team represented Brown University during the 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bears, led by second year head coach Mike Martin, played their home games at the Pizzitola Sports Center and were members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 15–14, 7–7 in Ivy League play to finish in fifth place. They were invited to the CollegeInsider.com Tournament (CIT) where they lost in the first round to Holy Cross.

Roster

Schedule

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#321414; color:#FFFFFF;"| Regular season

|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#321414; color:#FFFFFF;"| CIT

References

Brown Bears men's basketball seasons
Brown
Brown
Brown
Brown
Mark of Montelupone or Marco da Montelupone (born in the mid-13th century) was a medieval Christian  Franciscan  missionary. He was among a group of  included friars imprisoned for their extreme views.

Life
Probably born in Montelupone, where there had been a Franciscan monastery since the papacy of Pope Innocent IV, he is first known as part of a group of friars in the Marche who were sentenced to life imprisonment by their superiors in the years following 1281. He was one of those who were condemned for heresy and insubordination for their devotion to the ideal of poverty first promulgated by Saint Francis  – others included the Tramondo brothers, Thomas of Tolentino and Pietro da Macerata. However, they were then freed by Raymond Gaufridi, general minister, who sent them on a mission to Lesser Armenia after a request for some monks from Hethum II, King of Armenia.

He and Thomas were the two brothers chosen by Hethum towards the end of 1291 as envoys to Pope Nicholas IV, Philip V of France and Edward I of England to request aid against the Saracen advance. They first went to the pope, who gave them special letters for each of the two kings, then to Philip. They arrived in Paris whilst the general chapter of the Franciscans was in session and on 25 May 1292 the letter from Hethum was read out. After their embassy to France and England, there is no further evidence for Marco's life and his date of death is unknown.

References

13th-century births
Date of birth unknown
Date of death unknown
Franciscan missionaries
People from the Province of Macerata
Billy Barber (1928 – June 2004) was an Australian boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1948 Summer Olympics. At the 1948 Summer Olympics, he lost to Joseph Vissers of Belgium.

References

1928 births
2004 deaths
Australian male boxers
Olympic boxers for Australia
Boxers at the 1948 Summer Olympics
Place of birth missing
Commonwealth Games medallists in boxing
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia
Boxers at the 1950 British Empire Games
Lightweight boxers
Medallists at the 1950 British Empire Games
Mola de Colldejou is a mountain chain in Catalonia, Spain located north of the Serra de Llaberia in the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range. 
The highest point is 921.8 m above sea level.

This mountain range is named after Colldejou village, located east of the range.

See also
Catalan Pre-Coastal Range
Mountains of Catalonia

References

External links

 Muntanyes de Tivissa-Vandellòs
 Consorci Serra de Llaberia

Llaberia
Baix Camp
The 2nd New York Veteran Cavalry Regiment, officially known as the 2nd Regiment, New York Veteran Volunteer Cavalry, was a unit of the Union Army during the American Civil War. The three-year volunteer cavalry regiment was raised in 1863 from veterans of the 30th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, briefly reorganized as the Empire Light Cavalry. It was mustered into federal service by companies 15 August through 30 December 1863. Due to the end of the war before its three-year enlistment, it mustered out of service on 8 November 1865.

Service
It served primarily in the Department of the Gulf's Cavalry Division.

See also
List of New York Civil War units

Notes

Bibliography
 .
 U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.

Cavalry Veteran 002
1861 establishments in New York (state)
Military units and formations established in 1863
Military units and formations disestablished in 1865
is a Japanese politician who served as the Minister of Loneliness from 12 February 2021 to 4 October 2021. He is also a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature), representing the Liberal Democratic Party (Japan).

Career
A native of Ōzu, Kumamoto and graduate of Chuo University, he had served in the assembly of Kumamoto Prefecture for four terms since 1991. He was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time in 2003.

His profile on the LDP website:
Member, Kumamoto Prefectural Assembly
Parliamentary Secretary for Internal Affairs and Communications (Fukuda and Aso Cabinet)
Deputy Chairman, Diet Affairs Committee of LDP
Acting Director, Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications Division of LDP
Chairman, Committee on Organizations Involved with Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of LDP
Senior Vice Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications / Senior Vice Minister of Cabinet Office

Sakamoto is affiliated to the openly revisionist lobby Nippon Kaigi, a member of the related group at the Diet, as well as of the group related to Shintō Seiji Renmei at the Diet.

Minister of Loneliness
On 12 February 2021, Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga created a cabinet post to alleviate social isolation. Sakamoto was appointed to fill the post.

References

External links 
  in Japanese.

1950 births
Living people
Politicians from Kumamoto Prefecture
Chuo University alumni
Members of Nippon Kaigi
Members of the House of Representatives (Japan)
Liberal Democratic Party (Japan) politicians
21st-century Japanese politicians
Bachi-Yurt (,  Bjaçi-Yurt) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kurchaloyevsky District, Chechnya.

Administrative and municipal status 
Municipally, Bachi-Yurt is incorporated as Bachi-Yurtovskoye rural settlement. It is the administrative center of the municipality and the only settlement included in it.

Geography 

Bachi-Yurt is located on both banks of the Gansol River. It is  north-east of Kurchaloy and  south-east of the city of Grozny.

The nearest settlements to Bachi-Yurt are Melchki in the north, Oyskhara and Verkhny Noyber in the north-east, Akhmat-Yurt in the east, Dzhigurty in the south, Mayrtup in the south-west, and Ilaskhan-Yurt in the north-west.

History 
In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was abolished, the village of Bachi-Yurt was renamed to Pervomayskoye, and settled by people from the neighbouring republic of Dagestan.

In 1957, when the Vaynakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, the village regained its old Chechen name, Bachi-Yurt.

Population 
 1979 Census: 6,296
 1990 Census: 7,342
 2002 Census: 14,756
 2010 Census: 16,485
 2019 estimate: 19,350

According to the results of the 2010 Census, the majority of residents of Bachi-Yurt (16,431) were ethnic Chechens, with 54 people from other ethnic backgrounds.

Infrastructure 
Bachi-Yurt hosts a sports center, named after Akhmad Kadyrov, and a local mosque.

References 

Rural localities in Kurchaloyevsky District
Ghan Shyam Yadav Ahir () is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Yadav is the Rupandehi District Secretary of CPN(Maoist).  In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election he was elected from the Rupandehi-1 constituency, winning 12624 votes.

References

Living people
People from Rupandehi District
Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) politicians
Nepalese atheists
Year of birth missing (living people)

Members of the 1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly
Pietrăria transmitter () is a 180-metre guyed mast for FM and TV broadcasting at Pietrăria, a village near Iaşi, Romania. It has a square cross section and is much thicker than most guyed masts of similar height.

The dendrological park of Repedea is in the transmitter's vicinity.

See also
 List of tallest structures in Romania
 Seven hills of Iaşi

References

External links
 Pietrărie Transmitter
 Predavatel.ro

Towers in Romania
Transmitter sites in Romania
Danny Noonan (born 29 November 1968) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with the Brisbane Bears in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the early 1990s. He also spent time in Tasmania with Tasmanian Football League (TFL) club Clarence and was an interstate representative for Tasmania.

Football career
Noonan, from Mooroolbark, was a reserves footballer at Carlton as a youngster but he left without making a senior appearance. He joined Clarence, playing his first TFL season in 1988 and winning their Best and Fairest award in 1990.

Brisbane recruited Noonan to the AFL with a pre-draft selection in 1990. A utility, he had 31 disposals in his debut game and played at Brisbane for three seasons before returning to Clarence.

In his second stint at Clarence he won two further Best and Fairests as well as back to back William Leitch Medals in 1995 and 1996. His 1995 medal caused a great divide and contention in the state and indeed the league when he was caught on camera deliberately king hitting superstar North Launceston on-baller Marcus Todman during the grand final.

His last TFL game was a premiership, with a Darrel Baldock Medal winning performance in the 1997 Grand Final win against Burnie.

Post football career
After his football career Noonan became a financial planner. In 2017 he pleaded guilty to 107 counts of fraudulently misappropriating, or stealing, $2.5 million from clients of his financial planning company to fund his gambling addiction. He was sentenced to six-and-a-half years in jail with a minimum sentence of just over three years.

References

External links

1968 births
Living people
Australian rules footballers from Melbourne
Brisbane Bears players
William Leitch Medal winners
Clarence Football Club players
Tasmanian State of Origin players
Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame inductees
People from Mooroolbark, Victoria