Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
William Armstrong (born January 19, 1932, Gloucester, Massachusetts – January 2, 2000, Frazier Park, California) was an American television game show announcer and producer. He produced The Hollywood Squares for several years, and later was a business partner with Squares host Peter Marshall in a production company. He received two Emmy nominations as producer for Hollywood Squares.

Armstrong also co-produced and announced on Celebrity Sweepstakes and The Reel to Reel Picture Show. He was the announcer of KTLA's Liar's Club, a role he continued in its first year of syndication and returned to in 1988.

He was the executive producer of Matchmaker, for which he occasionally announced as well.

Credits
Celebrity Sweepstakes — announcer
Stumpers! — announcer
Liar's Club — host (1976-1977), announcer (1988)
Fantasy — announcer
The Reel to Reel Picture Show — announcer

References

External links

American game show hosts
Game show announcers
People from Gloucester, Massachusetts
1932 births
2000 deaths
In physics, an infrared divergence (also IR divergence or infrared catastrophe) is a situation in which an integral, for example a Feynman diagram, diverges because of contributions of objects with very small energy approaching zero, or equivalently, because of physical phenomena at very long distances.

Overview
The infrared divergence only appears in theories with massless particles (such as photons). They represent a legitimate effect that a complete theory often implies. In fact, in the case of photons, the energy is given by , where  is the frequency associated to the particle and as it goes to zero, like in the case of soft photons, there will be an infinite number of particles in order to have a finite amount of energy. One way to deal with it is to impose an infrared cutoff and take the limit as the cutoff approaches zero and/or refine the question.  Another way is to assign the massless particle a fictitious mass, and then take the limit as the fictitious mass vanishes.

The divergence is usually in terms of particle number and not empirically troubling, in that all measurable quantities remain finite. (Unlike in the case of the UV catastrophe where the energies involved diverge.)

Bremsstrahlung example
When an electric charge is accelerated (or decelerated) it emits Bremsstrahlung radiation. Semiclassical electromagnetic theory, or the full quantum electrodynamic analysis, shows that an infinite number of soft photons are created. But only a finite number are detectable, the remainder, due to their low energy, falling below any finite energy detection threshold, which must necessarily exist. However even though most of the photons are not detectable they can't be ignored in the theory; quantum electrodynamic calculations show that the transition amplitude between any states with a finite number of photons vanishes. Finite transition amplitudes are obtained only by summing over states with an infinite number of soft photons.

The zero-energy photons become important in analyzing the Bremsstrahlung radiation in the coaccelerated frame in which the charge experiences a thermal bath due to the Unruh effect. In this case, the static charge will only interact with these zero-energy (Rindler) photons in a sense similar to virtual photons in the coulomb interaction.

See also
Cutoff (physics)
Renormalization
Renormalization group
Ultraviolet divergence

References

Quantum field theory
Renormalization group
Anne-Marie Garat (9 October 1946 – 26 July 2022) was a French novelist.  She won the Prix Femina for her novel Aden in 1992 and the  for her novel Les mal famées.

Studying literature in Bordeaux, she then obtained a DEA in cinema at the université de Paris I.  She lived in Paris, where she taught cinema and photography.  Jack Lang then commissioned her to teach cinema at the école.

She has published several novels, psychological in nature and with major female characters.  They are set in various eras of the 20th century (e.g. the 1910s for Dans la main du diable, the Second World War for Les mal famées).

Following Dans la main du diable set before World War I in 1914, Anne-Marie Garat pursued in 2008, with L'enfant des ténèbres, her epic depiction of the 20th century, bringing up the period of 1930s and the rise of the totalitarian dictatorships.

Works
 L'homme de Blaye, Flammarion, 1984
 Voie non classée, Flammarion, 1985
 L'insomniaque, Flammarion, 1987
 Le monarque égaré, Flammarion, 1989 ; Seuil, 1996
 Chambre noire, Flammarion, 1990 – Prix Alain-Fournier
 Aden, Seuil, 1992 – Prix Femina
 Photos de familles, Seuil, 1994
 Merle, Seuil, 1996
 Dans la pente du toit, Seuil, 1998
 L'amour de loin, Actes Sud, 1998
 Itsvan arrive par le train du soir, Seuil, 1999
 Les mal famées, Actes Sud, 2000 ; Babel N°557 – 
 Nous nous connaissons déjà, Actes Sud, 2003 ; Babel n°741
 La Rotonde, Actes Sud, 2004
  Une faim de loup. Lecture du Petit Chaperon rouge, Actes Sud, 2004
 Dans la main du diable, Actes Sud, 2006
 On ne peut pas continuer comme ça, Atelier In8, 2006
 Un tout petit coeur,actes sud junior,2004

External links
 Official site of Anne Marie Garat 
 Actes Sud
 atelier in8
 Review of Nous nous connaissons déjà by Jean-Claude Lebrun in l'Humanité

1946 births
2022 deaths
Writers from Bordeaux
French historical novelists
University of Bordeaux alumni
University of Paris alumni
Pantheon-Sorbonne University alumni
Prix Femina winners
French women novelists
Women historical novelists
Prix Alain-Fournier winners
Prix Renaudot des lycéens winners
913 Battalion was part of 91 South West African Brigade.

History
This unit was formed in 1980 at Namutoni situated 114 km kilometers northwest of Tsumeb.
91 SWA Brigade was the Reaction Force with its base in Windhoek in Sector 40.
It acted as a mobile reserve to support SWATF operations in sectors 10 and in northern Namibia and was modeled on SADF motorised brigade.

913 Battalion was part 91 Brigade

Operational area
The Battalions main operational area was Owamboland.

Roll of Honour
 23 Mar 1980: 71260731BT Corporal Renier Stephanus van Zyl from Regiment Namutoni SWATF was Killed in Action during a contact with PLAN insurgents in Northern Owamboland. He was 24.

See also
 Namibian War of Independence
 South African Border War

References

Further reading
 Helmoed-Romer Heitman (Author), Paul Hannon (Illustrator), Modern African Wars (3): South-West Africa (Men-At-Arms Series, 242),  Osprey Publishing (November 28, 1991) .

Military history of Namibia
Military units and formations of the Cold War
Military units and formations of South Africa
Military units and formations of South Africa in the Border War
Military units and formations established in 1980
Thomas Houghton Bartley JP (1798 – 25 December 1878) was a Politician from New Zealand.

Bartley was from Liverpool. Like his brother William, he was a lawyer. In 1838, both of them were in Adelaide. William Bartley stayed in that city and became attorney for the South Australian Company, but Thomas Bartley went to New Zealand in 1839 and settled in the Bay of Islands. In 1841, he moved to Auckland, where he worked as a solicitor.

He represented the City of Auckland electorate on the first and second council of the Auckland Province (20 July 1853 – 15 July 1854; 26 October 1855 – 18 August 1857). He was the first Deputy-Superintendent of Auckland Province (18 September 1856 – 11 November 1856) and the first Speaker of the Province (1853–1857). As Speaker, he was succeeded by William Powditch.

Bartley served in the First New Zealand Parliament, representing the City of Auckland electorate. He was elected on 11 August 1853 and resigned on 11 July 1854.  He was a member of the Fitzgerald Ministry, led by James FitzGerald, from 11 July 1854 to 2 August 1854.

Bartley resigned from the House of Representatives on 11 August 1854 to take up a position in the Legislative Council, where he served as Speaker from 12 May 1856 to 1 July 1868. His membership of the Legislative Council lapsed on 3 July 1874 due to non-attendance.

Bartley was appointed a justice of the peace in 1856. He died on 25 December 1878 at his home in Stokes' Point (these days, the locality is the northern landing of the Auckland Harbour Bridge). He is buried in Parnell, Auckland.

Notes

References

1798 births
1878 deaths
New Zealand MPs for Auckland electorates
Speakers of the New Zealand Legislative Council
Members of the Cabinet of New Zealand
Members of the Auckland Provincial Council
Members of the New Zealand Legislative Council
Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives
Tyner may refer to:

Places
In the United States:
 Tyner, Indiana
 Tyner, Kansas
 Tyner, Kentucky
 Tyner, a hamlet near the east town line of Smithville, New York on County Road 3, east of Smithville Center
 Tyner, North Carolina
 Tyner, Tennessee, a populated place in Hamilton County, Tennessee
 Tyner, West Virginia

People
 Charles Tyner (1925–2017), American actor
 Chuck Tyner, former goalie for the Toronto Professional Hockey Club
 James Noble Tyner (1826–1904), postmaster general from 1876 to 1877
 Jarvis Tyner (born 1941), executive vice chair of the Communist Party USA
 Jason Tyner (born 1977), Major League Baseball outfielder
 John Tyner, former guitarist for Mk Ultra
 John Tyner, software engineer and blogger known for refusing to cave in to TSA demands
 Lanardo Tyner (born 1975), American boxer
 Matt Tyner (born 1958), American baseball player and coach
 McCoy Tyner (1938–2020), American jazz pianist
 Mitch Tyner, trial lawyer and candidate in the Mississippi gubernatorial election, 2003
 Richard Tyner (1877–1958), Anglican bishop
 Rob Tyner (1944–1991), lead singer for the American hard rock band MC5
 Roy Tyner (1934–1989), NASCAR driver
 Rudolph Tyner, death row inmate killed by Donald Henry Gaskins
 Scott Tyner (born 1972), former NFL punter for the Atlanta Falcons
 Thomas Tyner (born 1994), American college football player
 William Tyner (1872–1954), Australian politician
Barú is a district of the Pérez Zeledón canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica.

History 
Barú was created on 3 November 1983 by Acuerdo Ejecutivo 232. Segregated from San Isidro de El General.

Geography 
Barú has an area of  km² and an elevation of  metres.

Demographics 

For the 2011 census, Barú had a population of  inhabitants.

Transportation

Road transportation 
The district is covered by the following road routes:
 National Route 243

References 

Districts of San José Province
Populated places in San José Province
AMD PowerNow! is AMD's dynamic frequency scaling and power saving technology for laptop processors.  The CPU's clock speed and VCore are automatically decreased when the computer is under low load or idle, to save battery power, reduce heat and noise.  The lifetime of the CPU is also extended because of reduced electromigration, which varies exponentially with temperature.

The technology is a concept similar to Intel's SpeedStep technology. The adaptation of PowerNow! for AMD's desktop CPUs is called Cool'n'Quiet. Newer Opterons also use an adaptation of PowerNow! called Optimized Power Management.

AMD has supplied and supported drivers for its PowerNow! technology that work on Windows 98, ME, NT, and 2000.

Processors supporting PowerNow!
 K6-2+
 K6-III+
 Athlon XP-M - some models.
 Mobile Athlon 64
 Mobile Sempron
 Turion 64 and X2
 Athlon II
 AMD Accelerated Processing Unit

See also
 Dynamic frequency scaling
Power Saving Technologies:
 AMD Cool'n'Quiet (desktop CPUs)
 AMD PowerTune (graphics)
 Intel SpeedStep (CPUs)
Performance Boosting Technologies:
 AMD Turbo Core (CPUs)
 Intel Turbo Boost (CPUs)

References

External links

 AMD PowerNow!

AMD technologies
Computer hardware tuning

X86 architecture
Laptops
Aliyar Aghayev (; born 17 October 1987) is an Azerbaijani football referee who officiates in the Azerbaijan Premier League. He has been a FIFA referee since 2013, and is ranked as a UEFA first category referee.

Refereeing career
He refereed at 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23 UEFA Europa League group stage.

Aghayev officiated the 2016 UEFA European Under-19 Championship Final match of France vs. Italy at Rhein-Neckar-Arena in Sinsheim, Germany on 24 July 2016.

On 2 November 2022, Aghayev officiated his first UEFA Champions League group stage match between Copenhagen and Borussia Dortmund, becoming the first referee from Azerbaijan to officiate a UEFA Champions League match.

References

External links
 
 

1987 births
Living people
Azerbaijani football referees
UEFA Champions League referees
UEFA Europa League referees
Sportspeople from Baku
Count François de Nicolay (31 August 1919 – 21 November 1963) was a member of the House of Nicolay in France who was a farm manager, arboriculturist, and a politician who was elected to the Senate of France.

Early life and education
Count François de Nicolay was born 31 August 1919 in the town of Le Lude in the Sarthe department of France.  By birth he was part of the French nobility, a descendant of the Talhouët family. His grandfather was the mayor of Le Lude for more than fifty years. His great-uncle, Auguste de Talhouët-Roy, owner of the Château du Lude, served as Minister of Public Works in the Second French Empire, and was a Senator for Sarthe between 1876 and 1882.

After graduating from the ESSEC Business school in Paris, François de Nicolay remained in the city where he went to work as an executive with the women's magazine, Femmes d'aujourd'hui. At the outbreak of World War II, he joined the French military and served until the Armistice was signed and the German Occupation began. Back home in Le Lude, he oversaw forestry and farming operations which included the breeding of Thoroughbred horses.

Political career
Following the end of the War, on May 8, 1945, François de Nicolay was elected as a council member for Le Lude and subsequently served as deputy mayor. In 1949, he was elected to the General Council of Sarthe and was its president in 1952 and 1958.

In 1959, François de Nicolay was elected to the Senate of France as an Independent Republican. Among his responsibilities, he served on  the Committee for Foreign Affairs, Defense and Armed Forces. While still in office, he died at age forty-four in 1963 as a result of a traffic accident. The Avenue François-de-Nicolay in Sablé-sur-Sarthe and Place François de Nicolay in Le Lude are named in his memory.

Marriage
In 1950, François de Nicolay married the American born Marie-Hélène van Zuylen van Nijevelt, daughter of the Dutch baron Egmont van Zuylen van Nyevelt, who owned De Haar Castle in Haarzuilens. Marie-Hélène van Zuylen van Nijevelt was also a descendant of the Rothschild family (the great-granddaughter of Salomon James de Rothschild). François and Marie-Hélène had one son and heir (before their marriage was dissolved in 1956):
Count Philippe de Nicolay (b. 1955), who is a director of Paris Orleans PA, a French investment bank belonging to the Rothschild family, who married Princess Sophie de Ligne, the daughter of Belgium's Antoine, Prince of Ligne.

References

 Service record and biography of François de Nicolay at the Sénate of France

1919 births
1963 deaths
People from Sarthe
Counts of France
French military personnel of World War II
20th-century French farmers
Mayors of places in Pays de la Loire
French Senators of the Fifth Republic
Road incident deaths in France
Senators of Sarthe
National Road 76 (, abbreviated as EO76) is a single carriageway road in southern Greece. It connects the Greek National Road 9 near Krestena with Megalopoli, via Andritsaina and Karytaina. It runs through the western and the central part of the Peloponnese, in the regional units Elis and Arcadia.

Route
The western terminus of the GR-76 is 2 km west of Krestena, where it branches off the GR-9. It runs through the mountains of southern Elis and southwestern Arcadia, passing through the towns Andritsaina and Karytaina. It ends in Megalopoli, where it is connected with the GR-7.

National Road 76 passes through the following places:

Krestena
Chani Gryllou
Graikas
Platiana
Kallithea
Andritsaina 
Theisoa
Karytaina
Katsimpalis
Megalopoli

76
Roads in Peloponnese (region)
Roads in Western Greece
The swimming competition at the 12th FINA World Aquatics Championships was held in Rod Laver Arena in Melbourne, Australia, from 25 March to 1 April 2007. This portion of the 2007 Worlds featured 40 events (20 for males, 20 for females), all swum in a long course (50 m) pool:
freestyle: 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1500 m;
backstroke: 50 m, 100 m and 200 m;
breaststroke: 50 m, 100 m and 200 m;
butterfly: 50 m, 100 m and 200 m;
individual medley (I.M.): 200 m and 400 m; and
relays: 4x100 m free, 4x200 m free, and 4x100 m medley.

The 2007 World Championships served in qualifying for the Swimming portion at the 2008 Olympics in two ways:

 It was the main relay qualifier, with the top-12 finishers in each relay automatically qualifying for the 16-entry field at the 2008 Olympics (the other 4 teams were filled with the 4 fastest remaining nations).
 Those nations who did not have swimmers who meet the Olympic qualifying times, and wanted a "wildcard" entry into the Olympics, need to have their potential swimmers swim at the 2007 Worlds.

Participating nations
166 nations had 1,142 swimmers entered at the 2007 Worlds:

 Faroe Islands (4)

Event schedule 

Morning/heats sessions began at 10:00 a.m., with the evening sessions (semifinals and finals) beginning at 7:00 p.m. All events were contested in a long-course (50 m) pool. In the 50 m, 100 m, and 200 m events, heats/semifinals/finals were held; with heats in the morning of the first day of the event, semifinals that evening, and finals the next evening. For races 400 m, 800 m, or 1500 m in length, only heats and finals were held. For the 400 m events (both individual and relay), heats and finals were held on the same day. For the individual 800 m and 1500 m free events, heats were held in the morning with finals in the next day's evening session (approximately 36 hours apart). For the 4×200 m freestyle relay, heats and finals were the same day (matching the other 2 relays).

Results
Key
 WR - World Record
 CR - Championship Record

Men's events

Women's events

Medal table

On 11 September 2007, an anti-doping ban was issued to Tunisia's Oussama Mellouli, with a retroactive nullification of his results which included his swims at the 2007 Worlds. Mellouli had finished in the top-3 in 2 events, and consequently, his results nullification adjusted the overall medals standings, particularly effecting Australia, Italy, Poland, Russia and Tunisia (Tunisia was removed all together, as Mellouli was the country's only medal winner).

Records
The following world and championship records were broken during the competition.

World records

Championship records

References 

Melbourne 2007 Swimming results

 
W
2007 World Aquatics Championships
Swimming at the World Aquatics Championships
Bromoethane, also known as ethyl bromide, is a chemical compound of the haloalkanes group. It is abbreviated by chemists as EtBr (which is also used as an abbreviation for ethidium bromide).  This volatile compound has an ether-like odor.

Preparation
The preparation of EtBr stands as a model for the synthesis of bromoalkanes in general. It is usually prepared by the addition of hydrogen bromide to ethene:
H2C=CH2 + HBr → H3C-CH2Br

Bromoethane is inexpensive and would rarely be prepared in the laboratory. A laboratory synthesis includes reacting ethanol with a mixture of hydrobromic and sulfuric acids. An alternate route involves refluxing ethanol with phosphorus and bromine; phosphorus tribromide is generated in situ.

Uses
In organic synthesis, EtBr is the synthetic equivalent of the ethyl carbocation (Et+) synthon. In reality, such a cation is not actually formed.  For example, carboxylates salts are converted to ethyl esters, carbanions to ethylated derivatives, thiourea into ethylisothiouronium salts, and amines into ethylamines.

Safety
Short chain monohalocarbons in general are potentially dangerous alkylating agents. Bromides are better alkylating agents than chlorides, thus exposure to them should be minimized. EtBr is classified by the State of California as carcinogenic and a reproductive toxin.

References

External links
 International Chemical Safety Card 1378
 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
 IARC Monograph: "Bromoethane"

Bromoalkanes
Ethylating agents
IARC Group 3 carcinogens
For Better or For Worse is a 1993 American documentary film produced by David Collier. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. It also aired as an episode of the PBS series POV.

Synopsis
The film explores the lives and relationships of five couples married for fifty years or longer. The couples discuss the issues that inform every long-term relationship. They recount stories of their shared journeys, from living room jazz jam sessions, to the Gay Pride parade in New York, to the backwoods of Northern California.

References

External links

For Better or For Worse at POV
For Better or For Worse at Studio B Films, founded by David Collier

1993 films
1993 documentary films
American documentary films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films
Italy has participated in all editions of the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, held since the first edition of FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1931, winning 73 podiums, including 22 world titles, 25 silver medals and 26 bronze medals.

History
The Italian team participated for the first time in the Alpine World Ski Championships already starting from the first edition, however with a single athlete, Carlo Barassi, who finished 20th in slalom, 25th in downhill and 16th in combined. The first medal of ever was a gold medal won by a women, Paula Wiesinger in Cortina 1932.

Following the WWII, the championships were connected with the Olympics for several decades. From 1948 through 1982, the competition was held in even-numbered years, with the Winter Olympics acting as the World Championships through 1980, and a separate competition held in even-numbered non-Olympic years.

Medal count

Skiers appearances

Men 1931-1970

Men 1972-2021

Women 1931-1970

Women 1972-2021

See also
Italy national alpine ski team
Italian Winter Sports Federation

References

External links
 Italian Winter Sports Federation 
 Italy World Ski Championships Medals at Ski Database
"Dry September" is a short story by William Faulkner. Published in 1931,  it describes a lynch mob forming (despite ambiguous evidence) on a hot September evening to avenge an alleged (and unspecified) insult or attack upon a white woman by a black watchman, Will. Told in five parts, the story includes the perspective of the rumored female victim, Miss Minnie Cooper, and of the mob's leader, John McLendon. It is one of Faulkner's shorter stories.

It was originally published in Scribner's magazine, and later appeared in collections of his short stories.

It includes an appearance by Hawkshaw, the barber who was the focus of Faulkner's later story, "Hair".

References

External links
 Full text of "Dry September", courtesy of the New Bulgarian University
"Dry September" at Digital Yoknapatawpha

1931 short stories
Short stories by William Faulkner
Works originally published in Scribner's Magazine