Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The half-pass is a lateral movement seen in dressage, in which the horse moves forward and sideways at the same time. Unlike the easier leg-yield, the horse is bent in the direction of travel, slightly around the rider's inside leg. The outside hind and forelegs should cross over the inside legs, with the horse's body parallel to the arena wall and his forehand leading. The horse should remain forward, balanced, and bent, moving with cadence. The inside hind leg remains engaged throughout the half-pass, and the horse should not lose its rhythm.

The half-pass is a variation of haunches-in (travers), executed on a diagonal line instead of along the wall.  At higher levels it is used to perform a counter-change of hand, combining  more than two half-passes with changes of direction in a zig-zag pattern.

Vs. the leg-yield
The half-pass requires more balance, engagement, and collection from a horse than the leg-yield. This is because the horse is slightly bent in the direction of movement in the half-pass. In the leg-yield, the horse is fairly straight or looking slightly away from the direction of travel.

Purpose
The half-pass is a schooling movement that requires the horse to engage the hindquarters and increase its impulsion, it can therefore be used to improve both collection or impulsion. The half-pass is commonly seen in dressage tests beginning at the United States Dressage Federation third level.

Performing the maneuver

The half-pass is usually taught after the haunches-in is well confirmed. It may first be introduced by riding a half-10-meter circle from the long side to the centerline, or a half-volte, and then half-passing in. The circle naturally places the horse's body in the correct bend, and helps to encourage the engagement needed for the movement. The outside hind leg must step well under the horse's body to push the animal forward and sideways.  A rider uses an active outside leg slightly behind the neutral position to ask the horse to step forward and under. The outside rein maintains the correct bend and contains the energy of the horse, the inside leg keeps the horse moving forward, and the inside rein guides the forehand in the direction of movement. The rider also uses his or her inside seat bone to help maintain bend.  If the rider is off-center or twisted, the horse will also be crooked or off-balance.

If the horse loses quality in the movement, such as lack of correct bend (haunches leading or inside shoulder falling inward), loss of rhythm, or stiffness, the rider straightens the horse and rides forward.

The beginning and the end of the movement needs special attention concerning control and balance.

References

Sources
 Richard Davison, Dressage Priority Points, Howell Book House, New York 1995
 Jennie Loriston-Clarke, The Complete Guide to Dressage. How to Achieve Perfect Harmony between You and Your Horse. Principal Movements in Step-by-step Sequences Demonstrated by a World Medallist, Quarto Publishing plc, London 1987, reprinted 1993

Dressage terminology
Riding techniques and movements
Oronzo Vito Gasparo (1903–1969), was an American artist often known
for surreal townscape painting, design, and crafts.

Background 
Oronzo Vito Gasparo was born in Rutigliano, Bari, Italy in 1903, one of seventeen children. His parents were Italian and Hindu. He spent many active years in California, and died in New York City in 1969.

Gasparo studied at the National Academy of Design in New York; he was mentored by Preston Dickinson and was Dickinson's favorite pupil.

Early years 
Oronzo Vito Gasparo worked under the Works Progress Administration Easel Project during the Great Depression.

A number of Gasparo's works were acquired by Onya La Tour, who was an avid collector and enthusiast of modern art in New York in the 1930s, and who directed the Federal Art Gallery of the Federal Arts Project of the Work Projects Administration, 225 W 57th St, New York NY.

Work 
During his lifetime he had over 40 one-man shows ranging from 1928 to a retrospective in 1974. Many examples of his paintings can be seen at WikiArt.Org.

Methods 
Designer
Painting

Mediums 
 Gouache
 Mixed-Media/Multi-Media
 Oil
 Watercolor

Styles 
 Surrealism

Subjects 
 Architecture/Buildings
 Figure
 Genre (Human Activity)
 Spanish Missions
 Townscape

Exhibitions 
Art Institute of Chicago
Carnegie Institute
Corcoran Gallery
Museum of Modern Art, New York
Pennsylvania Academy
Salons of America
Society of Independent Artists
Whitney Museum of American Art

Trivia 
 Gasparo was an avid dancer and claimed to have brought the rumba to New York.

References

Books

Museums
 Butler Institute of American Art
 Michelson Museum of Art
 Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery

Article
AskART

Notes

American atheists
Works Progress Administration workers
1903 births
1969 deaths
In Albania, taxes are levied by both national and local governments. Most important revenue sources, include the income tax, social security, corporate tax and the value added tax, which are all applied on the national level. The Albanian Taxation Office is the revenue service of Albania.

, income tax is progressive, with three brackets.

Earlier, Albania had a flat tax of 10%, which was implemented in 2008. Value-Added Tax is levied at two different rates of 20% as standard rate, and 10% on medicinal products.

Social security and health insurance contributions are paid on employment, civil and management income. Contributions is paid on a monthly income, from a minimum of 22,000 to a maximum amount of 95,130. The employees contribution is 9.5% while the employer pays 15%. Health insurance is levied at 1.7% for both employee and employer. The self-employed pay 23% for social security and 7% for health insurance.

Corporate tax in Albania is levied at a flat rate of 15%. Businesses with a turnover of less than 8 million is exempt from corporate tax. A business is tax resident when the company has been incorporated in Albania or has a permanent establishment or the management and control is exercised in Albania.

References

 
Politics of Albania
Financial system of Albania
The Galabri (Ancient Greek: Γαλάβριοι) were a Dardanian tribe, along with the Thunatae, mentioned by Strabo.

Name 
The tribe is mentioned by Ancient Greek author Strabo in his Geographica as  Galabrioi. The tribal name Galabri/Galabrioi has been connected to the Messapic name Calabri/Calabrioi in Apulia (south-eastern Italy). It has been further connected to the Albanian toponym Gallapi in present-day north-eastern Kosovo.

Geography 
According to Strabo an old city was located in the region of the Dardanian tribe of the Galabri. It has been tentatively suggested that it should be sought at Kale in Skopje.

Strabo's account indicates higher social development and acculturation in the area; also the informations provided by other classical sources concerning the Dardanians suggest that their society was at an advanced phase of development.

See also

Dardania (Roman province)
List of ancient tribes in Illyria

References

Bibliography 

Dardanians
Illyrian tribes
Thracian tribes
Ancient tribes in Serbia
Ancient tribes in North Macedonia
Ancient tribes in Kosovo
Sayed Isma'el Balkhi () (1918 –14 July 1968) was one of the most prominent Hazara reformist leaders in 20th-century Afghanistan. As a poet, mystic and a political leader, Balkhi is considered the figurehead of modern Hazara history.

Life

Early life 
Sayed Ismael Balkhi was born in 1918 in Balkhab district, Sar-e Pol province in Northern Afghanistan. He received early education in Afghanistan after which he traveled to Iraq for further studies in Islamic theology and jurisprudence. At the time when Balkhi left the country, the Afghan government did not provide enough opportunities to the Hazara people in order to get appropriate education in the country. Balkhi was a Shia by religion and thus associated with the greater Hazara community. Balkhi was introduced to reformist movements popular at that time in the Middle East. He imported these intellectual enhancements back to his home region in Afghanistan and became a preacher.

Career 
A religious activist, Balkhi was concerned during the liberal late 1940s period in Afghanistan, eventually becoming a political radical. In 1949, Balkhi plotted with at least five associates a coup d'etat against King Mohammad Zahir Shah (or, more specifically, an assassination attempt on Prime Minister Shah Mahmud Khan). The plan was foiled, and Balkhi spent some years in prison under the charges of conspiring to overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic. The dynamism of Balkhi's personality is that he got his education in an environment (i.e. Iraq) where clerics were either turned into radical revolutionaries like Khomeini and Khamenei or into self-absorbed mystics or study-oriented scholars. He was an exception among all such individuals. Ismael Balkhi was a mystic; he was heavily influenced by Mawlana Jalaluddin Balkhi but in the meantime, he was not unaware of his society. Similarly, Balkhi believed in political change but he never embraced any terrorist ideology or even internationalist approach. He wrote several nationalistic poems whilst in prison.

See also 
 List of Hazara people

References

External links 
 tasnimnews.com/در «پگاه بیداری»؛ درک و دریافتی از اشعار علامه سید اسماعیل بلخی

20th-century Afghan poets
Afghan politicians
1968 deaths
People from Sar-e Pol Province
1918 births
Hazara poets
Desmethoxycurcumin is a curcuminoid found in turmeric. Commercial grade curcumin contains a mixture of curcuminoids (desmethoxycurcumin 10–20%, bisdesmethoxycurcumin 5% or less).

See also 
 Bis-desmethoxycurcumin
 Curcumin

References 

Curcuminoids
Food colorings
Phenol antioxidants
Vinylogous carboxylic acids
Catapodium is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the grass family.

Species list 
The genus comprises the following species:
 Catapodium demnatense (Murb.) Maire & Weiller - Morocco
 Catapodium mamoraeum (Maire) Maire & Weiller - Morocco
 Catapodium marinum (L.) C.E.Hubb. - Eurasia + North Africa from Ireland + Canary Islands to Turkey
 Catapodium rigidum (L.) C.E.Hubb. - Eurasia + North Africa from Ireland + Canary Islands to Crimea + Iran + Arabian Peninsula

Taxa formerly included 
See Aeluropus Agropyropsis Castellia Catabrosa Cutandia Desmazeria  Eragrostiella Micropyrum Narduroides Tripogon Vulpia Wangenheimia:

See also
 List of Poaceae genera

References

External links
 Grassbase, World Online Grass Flora: Catapodium

 
Poaceae genera
Grasses of Africa
Grasses of Asia
Grasses of Oceania
Abdul Halim Khan is a politician, a Muslim cleric, and an ex MNA from Kohistan, Pakistan. He belongs to the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal Pakistan party and won the NA-23 (Kohistan) constituency seat in 2002. He holds the view that "girls should not be educated, women should not work unless accompanied by mahrams and 'honour' killing is a religiously-sanctioned practice", and has threatened that women working for NGOs who enter Kohistan will be forcibly married.

Notes

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Honour killing in Pakistan
Pakistani MNAs 2002–2007
The Tolvan holed stone is a triangular-shaped Neolithic standing stone. The monument is 2.3 m  high and consists of a circular hole near its base measuring 43 cm in diameter. The megalithic stone is located in the garden of Tolvan Cross Cottage, near the village of Gweek in Cornwall, England.  The holed stone is the largest of its kind in Cornwall.

Description
The Tolvan holed stone is a large triangular-shaped standing stone. It measures 2.3 m high, 2.3 m wide at the base, and is 0.3 m thick. Near the base of the monument is a circular hole, approximately 43 cm in diameter. The standing stone is located about 800 m north of the village of Gweek in Cornwall, England, behind the farmhouse at Tolvan Cross. The megalith is not in its original location, but was moved to its current position in 1847 A cottage was later built at the site. The Tolvan stone is the largest holed stone in Cornwall.

History
Holed stones are rare Neolithic monuments. It has been suggested that the large standing stones were part of megalithic structures,  used as entrance passages to the burial chambers of portal dolmens.  These standing stones are believed to have been constructed in the  Early and Middle Neolithic period (3500 - 2600 BC). At least 20 portal dolmens exist in Britain, and the majority of these burial monuments are found in west Cornwall.

"Tolvan" originated from the term,  meaning holed stone in Cornish. The Tolvan holed stone is mentioned in historical records in Cornwall in 1649, and is referred to as the  "Main-toll great stone". The triangular standing stone was moved from its original position  to its current location in 1847. At the time, the stone was 2.6 m high by 2.7 m wide, but was modified to fit through gateposts when it was transported. At the stone's original location, a stone-lined circular pit, 1.5 m diameter, and covered with a large slab was discovered before 1864. The pit was lined with slabs and held quartz stone and pottery fragments. Historians at the time determined that the pit was a grave, and the holed stone was part of an ancient dolmen. Next to the circular pit was a trough-shaped stone called the "Cradle", which was subsequently destroyed. In 1885, it was recorded that one of the local traditions concerning the stone involved passing sick children through the hole in the Tolvan stone in hopes of curing their illness.

References

Megalithic monuments in England
Stone Age sites in Cornwall
Prehistoric sites in Cornwall
Guttenberg Community School District (GCSD) was a school district headquartered in Guttenberg, Iowa.

It operated a K-8 School and Guttenberg High School.

History
In December 1999 the district and the Garnavillo Community School District agreed to begin whole-grade-sharing (in which students from one district attend another district's schools for a particular grade level) in 2001. The district began sharing athletic teams with Garnavillo in 2000. The whole grade-sharing began as scheduled in 2001. The districts combined their secondary schools, with the high school in Guttenberg and the middle school in Garnavillo. The two retained their respective elementary schools.

On September 14, 2004, an election on merging the two districts into one was held, with Guttenberg district voters approving it 396–19, and Garnavillo district voters approving it 188–20. The merger into the Clayton Ridge Community School District was effective July 1, 2005.

References

External links
  (guttenberg.k12.ia.us domain)
  (aea1.k12.ia.us/guttenberg/ domain) (note in earliest versions of the page, the left-hand links are white text on a white background, so highlight the text to show the links)

Defunct school districts in Iowa
Education in Clayton County, Iowa
2005 disestablishments in Iowa
School districts disestablished in 2005
Manuel Acevedo (or Acebedo, 1744–1800) was a Spanish painter who was born in Madrid. He was a disciple of Jose Lopez, but by diligently copying the works of the best painters he soon surpassed his master. He painted historical and religious subjects, and was much employed in Madrid. Bermudez mentions a "John the Baptist" and a "St. Francis" by him in the chapel of the hospital of La Latina at Madrid. He died in 1800.

References
 

1744 births
1800 deaths
Artists from Madrid
18th-century Spanish painters
18th-century Spanish male artists
Spanish male painters
Painters from the Community of Madrid
Gilbert Archibald Currie (September 19, 1882 – June 5, 1960) was a politician from the U.S. state of Michigan.

Currie was born in Midland Township, Michigan, attended the district school, Midland High School, and graduated from the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1905. He was admitted to the Michigan bar in 1905 and commenced practice in Midland. He was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives, 1909–1915, serving as Speaker of the House during the 47th Legislature.

Currie was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination in 1914 to the 64th Congress. In 1916, he was elected from Michigan's 10th congressional district to the 65th Congress and was reelected in 1918 to the 66th, serving from March 4, 1917, to March 3, 1921. He was unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1920.

After leaving Congress, Currie resumed the practice of law and also engaged in the banking business until his death in Midland at the age of 77. He was interred in Midland Cemetery.

References 

 The Political Graveyard

External links 
 

1882 births
1960 deaths
Speakers of the Michigan House of Representatives
Burials in Michigan
People from Midland, Michigan
University of Michigan Law School alumni
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Michigan
20th-century American politicians
Roya (); (), is a female name, of Persian origin. It is common in Iran, Afghanistan, and Azerbaijan.

Notable persons named Roya 
 Roya Arab, Iranian musician and archaeologist
 Röya (singer), Azerbaijani singer
 Roya Ramezani, Iranian designer and women's rights campaigner
 Roya Teymourian, Iranian actress

Persian feminine given names
Feminine given names
The Royal Norfolk and Suffolk Yacht Club is a private yacht club based in Lowestoft in Suffolk. It was founded on 9 April 1859.

External links
Official Website
History at SailingNetworks.com

Royal yacht clubs
1859 establishments in England
Yacht clubs in England
George Skipper buildings
Grade II* listed buildings in Suffolk
Lowestoft
The following is a list of current regiments of the Australian Army, listed by Corps and service type.

Armour

Regular Army
1st Armoured Regiment 
 2nd Cavalry Regiment
2nd/14th Light Horse Regiment(Queensland Mounted Infantry)

Army Reserve
12th/16th Hunter River Lancers
1st/15th Royal New South Wales Lancers 
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse
3rd/9th Light Horse (South Australian Mounted Rifles) 
10th Light Horse Regiment

Artillery

Regular Army
1st Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery
4th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery
8th/12th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery
16th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery
20th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery

Army Reserve
9th Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery

Aviation
 1st Aviation Regiment
 5th Aviation Regiment
 6th Aviation Regiment

Engineers

Regular Army
 1st Combat Engineer Regiment 
 2nd Combat Engineer Regiment
 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment
 6th Engineer Support Regiment

Army Reserve
 5th Engineer Regiment
 11th Engineer Regiment
 22nd Engineer Regiment

Special Forces
Special Operations Engineer Regiment

Infantry

Army Reserve
Royal Queensland Regiment
Royal New South Wales Regiment
Royal Victoria Regiment
Royal South Australia Regiment
Royal Western Australia Regiment
Royal Tasmania Regiment

Regular Army
Royal Australian Regiment

Regional Force Surveillance
NORFORCE
Pilbara Regiment
Far North Queensland Regiment

Special Forces
Special Air Service Regiment
1st Commando Regiment
2nd Commando Regiment

Signals
 1st Signals Regiment
 1st Combat Signals Regiment
 3rd Combat Signals Regiment
 7th Combat Signals Regiment
 7th Signals Regiment
 8th Signals Regiment

Reserve training
Sydney University Regiment
Melbourne University Regiment
Queensland University Regiment
Adelaide Universities Regiment
Western Australia University Regiment
University of New South Wales Regiment

See also
Structure of the Australian Army
List of Australian Army Corps

Regiments
Marion is a city in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. The town was incorporated by 1941. The population was 1,034 at the 2020 census. It is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
The town is named after  Marion Dove, whose grandfather, Joshua W. Young, owned a plantation that the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio Railway passed through in 1877.

Geography
Farm to Market Road 78 passes through the center of town, leading west  to San Antonio and east  to Seguin, the Guadalupe County seat.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Marion has a total area of , all of it land.

Marion is a small town that has a 3A school(the Marion Bulldogs) and a few businesses, including a hardware store, meat market, gas stations and several restaurants.

Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 1,034 people, 386 households, and 255 families residing in the city.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,099 people in the city. The population density was . There were 393 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 74.25% White, 6.01% African American, 1.09% Native American, 1.09% Asian, 16.01% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 37.22% of the population.

There were 393 households, out of which 43.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.6% were married couples living together, 18.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.4% were non-families. 17.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.32 which can be directly compared to the US's average household size of 2.59 and average family size of 3.14.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $36,635, and the median income for a family was $40,625. Males had a median income of $27,125 versus $21,771 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,302. About 7.0% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.7% of those under age 18 and 13.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The city is served by the Marion Independent School District. A small portion is served by the Schertz-Cibolo-Universal City Independent School District.

References

External links
City of Marion official website

Cities in Texas
Cities in Guadalupe County, Texas
Greater San Antonio
MOA-2011-BLG-262Lb is a Neptune-sized planet or possibly an exomoon orbiting the red dwarf or potentially rogue planet MOA-2011-BLG-262L. If it is an exomoon, then it would be around the size of Mars.

References 

Exomoons
Exoplanets detected by microlensing
Exoplanets discovered in 2013