Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Cladonia wainioi or the Wainio's cup lichen is a species of cup lichen found in boreal and arctic regions of the Russian Far East and northern North America.

Taxonomy
Cladonia wainioi was described as a new species by Russian lichenologist Vsevolod Savich (1885–1972) in 1914. The first scientific specimens were collected in the Kamchatka Peninsula. The specific epithet honours Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Wainio. In early molecular phylogenetic analysis of genus Cladonia, Cladonia wainioi was positioned as basal to the rest of the Cladoniae. Stenroos and colleagues proposed placing it in subdivision I of Cladonia, a deviation from the placement in Cladonia section Ascyphiferae proposed by Teuvo Ahti a couple of years before. They suggested that C. wainioi is "rather distinct in its cladinioid branching and its production of merochlorophaeic acid".

Description
Cladonia wainioi has greenish to brownish mineral-grey podetia that are covered with small scales (squamulate). The axils (the inner junction of a branchlet with a branch or with another branchlet) are open. Pycnidia are common, while apothecia are rare. Cladonia wainioi is highly branched, and similar in form to the common species Cladonia multiformis and Cladonia furcata. The latter two species, however, have a lichen spot test of PD+ red, while  C. wainioi is PD−.

Habitat and distribution
Cladonia wainioi grows in boreal bogs and rocks in arctic regions of eastern Asia and northern North America. Its Asian range extends south to Japan, while the North American distribution extends from Alaska to Newfoundland south to mountains in New England.

See also
List of Cladonia species

References

wainioi
Lichen species
Lichens described in 1914
Lichens of Asia
Lichens of North America
Lichens of the Arctic
Lichens of the Russian Far East
Taxa named by Vsevolod Savich
Alliance for Brazil (, ALIANÇA) was a Brazilian far-right political group that aimed to become a political party. With national-conservative roots, it was announced by President of Brazil Jair Bolsonaro on 12 November 2019 after stating his departure from the Social Liberal Party (PSL). The organization disbanded in April 2022 for lack of support and after Bolsonaro joined another party.

After a meeting in Palácio do Planalto with PSL lawmakers, Bolsonaro notified them of his resignation from the party and discussed ways to create a new one but still did not formalize his de-affiliation from PSL at that time. After the meeting, Bolsonaro published a message in his social media, stating that "today [12 November] I announced my resignation from PSL and beginning of creation of a new party: Alliance for Brazil", thanking "everyone who collaborated with me in PSL and who were partners in the 2018 elections". In the weeks before the announcement of the party creation, Bolsonaro had many misunderstandings with PSL president Luciano Bivar, which triggered an internal crisis. In October 2019, Bolsonaro stated to a supporter to "forget" the party, saying that Bivar was "doomed".

According to Bolsonaro, the Alliance for Brazil is a "conservative party, that respects all religions, backs family values, supports the right to self-defense, the right to possess a firearm, free-trade with the whole world, without any ideological agenda." The Brazilian media has labeled Bolsonaro's new party as a far-right and right-wing populist movement. Although the party did not officially contest the 2020 Brazilian municipal elections, the Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB), Republicanos, Patriota, and the Liberal Party (PL) expressed openness to having ALIANÇA candidates on their electoral slates.

A year after the project was launched, however, Bolsonaro admitted several times in late 2020 and early 2021 about the failure to collect the necessary signatures for the creation of Alliance for Brazil, as he only managed 13% of the necessary signatures, eventually joining the Liberal Party to compete in the 2022 Brazilian general election instead.

References

External links
 
 

2019 establishments in Brazil
Conservative parties in Brazil
Far-right political parties in Brazil
Nationalist parties in Brazil
Political parties established in 2019
Political parties disestablished in 2022
Right-wing populism in South America
Right-wing populist parties
Sera Khandro Kunzang Dekyong Wangmo (1892–1940) or Sera Kandro is considered an emanation of Yeshe Tsogyal, and in her lifetime was a Terton of Tibetan Buddhist Vajrayana, a biographer and autobiographer, and a highly respected teacher. She taught Dudjom Rinpoche, Chatral Rinpoche, and the First Adzom Drukpa, Drodul Pawo Dorje, among other high lamas.

Sera Khandro was born into a rich family, but ran away at the age of 14 to escape an unwanted engagement, and to follow the Vajrayana teacher Drime Ozer, who was then in Lhasa on pilgrimage from Golok in Eastern Tibet. She returned with him and his students to Golok, where she lived as a renunciate. There, Sera Khandro became life partners with Garra Gyelse.

Garra Gyelsel disliked her Terma revelations, and this caused Sera Khandro to become sick. Her health returned when she left and returned to Drime Ozer with whom she subsequently revealed the specific treasure scriptures, or Terma, for which Sera Khandro is known. From when she was young she had experienced visions of Vajravarahi and exhibited many confirming indications of being a treasure revealer, a Terton. This meant that Sera Khandro had karmic connections with hidden treasures of the Nyingma Terma lineage, and to those which concealed the Termas, eighth-century Vajrayana master Padmasambhava and his consort and Vajrayana master Yeshe Tsogyal.

Sera Khandro was a teacher to many high Nyingma lamas, including Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje and Chatral Sangye Dorje.

She is considered an emanation of Yeshe Tsogyal.

In Sarah H. Jacoby's Love and Liberation: Autobiographical Writings of the Tibetan Buddhist Visionary Sera Khandro (New York: Columbia University Press, 2014), the author wrote Khandro was "one of the few Tibetan women to record the story of her life." Khandro also wrote the biography of her guru, Drimé Özer, son of the Terton Dudjom Lingpa.

Books and academic articles

References

External links 
  Sera Khandro Kunzang Dekyong Wangmo -  article at The Treasury of Lives
Rigpawiki

Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet
1892 births
1940 deaths
Female Buddhist spiritual teachers
Tibetan women
Mountain Empire may refer to:

Places 
Mountain Empire, San Diego, a rural area of southeastern San Diego County, California

Schools 
Mountain Empire Community College, a two-year college located in Big Stone Gap, Virginia
Mountain Empire Baptist School, a former K-12 school located in Bristol, Tennessee

Other 
Mountain Empire Airport, a general aviation airport in Smyth County, Virginia
A Mountain Empire District, a high school sports conference in Southwest Virginia
The Salisbury Academy Building is a historic school building at 9 Old Coach Road in Salisbury, New Hampshire.  Built in 1796, the building has housed a district school, private secondary school, the local Grange chapter, and town offices and civic functions.  The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.  It presently houses town offices.

Description and history
The Salisbury Academy Building is located in the village center of Salisbury, at the junction of Franklin Road (New Hampshire Route 127) and Old Coach Road (the old alignment of US Route 4, whose modern alignment runs a short way to the south).  It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof and clapboarded exterior.  Originally a rectangular structure, its upper floor was extended in 1883 as part of a conversion of the classrooms on that floor into a single meeting space, and now hangs over the east facade, supported by posts.  Under this overhang are three doorways.  The left two doorways each open into small vestibules, from which access is gained to what was originally a classroom space on the ground floor.  The left vestibule also gives access to a small bathroom.  The right door opens to a short hall, from which a stair rises to a large meeting space on the upper floor.

The two story wood-frame building was built in 1796 to house a private academy of higher education in the area.  The building was acquired by the town in 1806 and moved from Salisbury Heights to its present location.  Its principal occupant until about 1865 was the academy, although a public district school also met on the ground floor.  From 1884 to 1965 the building was used primarily by the local Grange.  It now houses town offices.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Merrimack County, New Hampshire

References

School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in New Hampshire
Buildings and structures completed in 1796
Buildings and structures in Merrimack County, New Hampshire
National Register of Historic Places in Merrimack County, New Hampshire
Salisbury, New Hampshire
1796 establishments in New Hampshire
City and town halls in New Hampshire
Wilhelm Heinrich Heintz (4 November 1817 – 1 December 1880) was a German structural chemist from Berlin.

He initially trained and worked as a pharmacist, from 1841 he studied sciences at the University of Berlin. He earned his PhD at Berlin in 1844 under Heinrich Rose, and two years later, obtained his habilitation in chemistry. In 1850 he became an associate professor at the University of Halle, where in 1855 he attained a full professorship. He was one of six founding members of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft and the only chemist.

At Halle, Heintz supervised Johannes Wislicenus's Ph.D. work, although Wislicenus' pro forma advisor at Zurich was Georg Karl Andreas Städeler. With Christoph Gottfried Giebel, he was editor of the Zeitschrift für Naturwissenschaften.

In 1853 he analyzed margaric acid as simply a combination of stearic acid and palmitic acid. He also conducted analysis of uric acid in urea, created methods for the analysis of nitrogen in organic compounds, and studied chemical reactions of chloroacetic acid and the reaction of acetone with amines. In addition he performed chemical investigations of uranium, bismuth, cesium, rubidium and metal phosphates.

The mineral heintzite is named for him.

Published works 
 Ueber den färbenden Bestandtheil des Feuersteins, Carneols und Amethystes. In: Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Band 136, Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig 1843, S. 519–527 – the coloring constituent of flints, carnelians and amethysts.
 Untersuchung einiger Verbindungen des Wismuths, besonders in Rücksicht der Zusammensetzung des Wismuthoxyds. In: Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Band 139, Johann Ambrosius Barth, Leipzig 1844, S. 55–95 – Investigation of some compounds of bismuth, especially in consideration of the composition of bismuth oxides.
 De acido saccharico ejusqe saiibus. (dissertation), Berlin 1844.
 Lehrbuch der Zoochemie. Georg Reimer, Berlin 1853 – Textbook of zoochemistry. 
 Drei neue absolut isomere Körper, das Aethylglycolamid, Aethyglycocoll und Aethoxacetamid. In: Zeitschrift für die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften. 23. Band, Wiegandt & Hempel, Berlin 1864, S. 89–107 – Three new absolute isomer bodies; ethyl glycolamide, ethyl glycocoll and ethoxyacetamide.

References

 Partington, J. R. "A History of Chemistry"; Macmillan: 1964; vol 4, page 359.
 Nature (1881), vol 23, pages 245-246.
 Chem. Ber. (1883), vol 16, pages 3121-3140.
 Poggendorff I: pages 1051-52
 Lehrbuch der Zoochemie. Berlin: Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, (1853)

External links
 Academic genealogy
 
 Heintzite mineral information
 The Quiet Revolution

1817 births
1880 deaths
19th-century German chemists
Scientists from Berlin
Academic staff of the University of Halle
Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
Peter Aaron Ho (born February 3, 1971), known by the stage name Pete Miser, is an American Hip Hop rapper and producer living in New York City.

Biography 
Originally from Portland, Oregon, Miser is involved in the hip-hop scene in the Northwest United States. He was the lead vocalist in the live hip-hop band Five Fingers of Funk.

After six years with the Fingers, Miser moved to Brooklyn, New York City to explore hip-hop in its birthplace. In 1999, Arista artist Dido recruited him as the DJ in her live band. With Dido, Miser toured the world, appeared on numerous television shows.

In past years Miser was also a featured in the final Top 6 of the MTV2 Dew Circuit Breakout.

Miser's music has been featured in numerous major motion pictures including but not limited to "The Night Listener", "TATS Cru: The Mural Kings" & the ESPN documentary "Through The Fire", as well as three exclusive Bacardi commercials featuring his song "Only For Today".

Miser was featured in the pH10 single from 2003, titled "Needless to Say."

In early 2008, Miser released a YouTube video for short song "Hit Me On My iPhone".

He produced and is featured in Jin's song "Open Letter to Obama".

Discography

Albums

Other Appearances

References

External links 

Living people
Rappers from Oregon
Musicians from Portland, Oregon
Rappers from Brooklyn
1971 births
American musicians of Chinese descent
21st-century American rappers
Harold Alexander Irving (March 4, 1927 – May 22, 2006) was a Canadian football player who played for the Calgary Stampeders and Edmonton Eskimos. He won the Grey Cup with the Stampeders in 1948. Irving previously attended and played football for the University of Alberta Golden Bears and hockey for the McGill University Redmen. He died of Alzheimer's disease in 2006.

Harry Irving played junior football with future Premier Peter Lougheed with the Calgary Tornadoes.

References

1927 births
2006 deaths
Calgary Stampeders players
Edmonton Elks players
Canadian football people from Calgary
Mayne Group was an Australian healthcare and logistics company.

History
Mayne Nickless was founded in Melbourne in 1886 by John Mayne and Enoch Nickless as a parcel delivery service. Within three months it was operating 10 horse-drawn vans, by the end of the year it had 52.

Listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in 1926, it expanded to provide freight services to all Australian capital cities and ports. It also branched into armoured car cash deliveries and international logistics.

In 1975, it entered a joint venture with Trans Australia Airlines to form AAT Coachlines, which was sold in 1983. In 1979 it purchased cash handling company Loomis. In July 1982, Mayne Nickless took a 50% shareholding in Total West in partnership with Westrail. In 1985, Mayne Nickless sold its stake in Total West to Gascoyne Trading Company. In 1983, Mayne acquired a 50% shareholding in Ipec. It acquired the other 50% in 1988.

In 1992 Mayne Nickless took a 25% shareholding in telecommunications company Optus, this was sold in 2001.

After being found to have been part of a price fixing cartel along with Ansett and TNT in the early 1990s, it disposed of its remaining transport and security interests with Interlink and Ipec being sold to the Toll Group, Interlink Express to La Poste and Armaguard to Linfox.

In the 1990s, it diversified into healthcare, purchasing hospitals and later pathology and diagnostic businesses. In 2001 pharmaceutical company Faulding Pharmaceuticals was purchased. In 2002, Mayne Nickless changed its name to Mayne Group.

In 2000, the container parks and warehousing facilities in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane were sold to Lang Corporation. In 2003, Mayne's 53 hospitals were sold to Affinity Health, a consortium of Citigroup, CVC Capital Partners and GIC Private Limited. In November 2005, the company was split into Mayne Pharma and Symbion Health. Mayne Pharma was taken over by Hospira in 2007 and Symbion Health was taken over by Primary Health Care in 2008.

References

Companies based in Melbourne
Companies formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange
Conglomerate companies of Australia
Logistics companies of Australia
1886 establishments in Australia
2005 disestablishments in Australia
The LG5 (PLAGF military designation: QLU-11 or QLU-131) is a semi-automatic grenade launcher developed by Norinco and introduced in 2011.  The launcher's designation "QLU" stands for "light weapon (Qīng Wŭqì) - grenade (Liúdàn) - sniper (Jūjī)" in Chinese military coding standard.

Description
The LG5/QLU-11 can be equipped with free-floating barrel, a fire-control system with a laser rangefinder, thermal imaging capability, and a ballistic computer that gives it air burst capability. The QLU-11 was tested in combat against Somali pirates in the Gulf of Aden by Chinese marines. 
The LG5/QLU-11 is designed for long-range use and so has been described as a "sniper" grenade launcher. 

Befitting that designation, it is said to have a very high accuracy of 3-round R100 accuracy of 1 meter at 600 meter range, meaning that with proper aiming the weapon can put three successive high-explosive rounds into a typical window or door. Its development was inspired by the American Barrett XM109 anti-materiel rifle, which fires 25 × 59 mm grenades, and its design is based on the Chinese HSARI LR2 .50 caliber anti-material rifle.

QLU-11 utilizes new Type 11 precision cartridge that derived from the DFJ-87 armor-piercing grenade. The weight is reduced from 217g to 200g due to lighter casing. Propellant takes larger percentage of the cartridge space, thus improving the velocity from 195m/s to 320 m/s. This modification greatly increases the recoil, which QLU-11 features advanced primer ignition (API) blowback, a large muzzle brake, floating receiver, and two sets of buffer mechanism inside the stock to mitigate.

To ensure the long-range accuracy, the electro-optical sight system with built-in fire control system is standard issue for the QLU-11. The daylight scope is designated QMD-131, while the night vision version is designated QMV-131. Both scopes feature in-scope HUD, a laser rangefinder, temperature sensor, ammo selection, ballistic calculated reticle, elevation angle sensor, inclination angle sensor, drift correction sensor, self-diagnosis software. The effective range is 1,000 meters for daylight scope and 800 meters for night vision scope.

Ammunition

LG5
BGJ5 high-explosive, dual-purpose (HEDP) sniper grenade, 40×53mm
BGL3 high-explosive precision grenade, 40×53mm
BGL3A programmable airburst grenade, 40×53mm
BGH1 high-explosive incendiary grenade, 40×53mm
BGR1 incendiary grenade, 40×53mm
BGS1 training grenade, 40×53mm

QLU-11
Type 11 high speed precision cartridge
Type 11 programmable airburst cartridge

Variants
There are two variants of the weapon, an export version and a domestic version:
LG5: Export 40x version. Fires 40×53mm HV NATO grenades or 40x53mm BGJ-5 grenades
QLU-11: Domestic 35x SR version. Fires 35x32mm SR grenades

Users

See also 
QBU-10
QTS-11
XM25 CDTE
Barrett XM109
Neopup PAW-20

References

Grenade launchers of the People's Republic of China
Semi-automatic rifles
Anti-materiel rifles
API blowback firearms
Military equipment introduced in the 2010s
Guyim () may refer to:
 Guyim, Mamasani
 Guyim, Shiraz
Lago di Ortiglieto is a reservoir in northwest Italy which straddles the Metropolitan City of Genoa in Liguria, and the Province of Alessandria in Piedmont.

History 
Lago di Ortiglieto reservoir was firstly designed in 1906 by ing. Zunini and was built from 1917 to 1925 by a company of Genoa named Officine Elettriche Genovesi. There were two dams, the higher of 45 metres (bric Zerbino dam) and another one of 15 metres (Diga della Sella Zerbino). After a period of heavy rains of August 1935 the sella Zerbino dam crashed, generating a flood of the Orba which caused 111 dathts, mainly in the Ovada area. Nowadays Ortiglieto lake is much smaller than in the past and there is only one dam.

References 

Reservoirs in Italy
Lakes of Liguria
Lakes of Piedmont
Lago di Ortiglieto
Lago di Ortiglieto
Lucelle () is a village situated on the Franco-Swiss border. It is divided between the two countries, the northern half (47 inhabitants in 1999) being part of the commune of Lucelle, Haut-Rhin, in the Haut-Rhin department, the southern half being part of Pleigne, in the Swiss Canton of Jura.

An important Cistercian monastery, Lucelle Abbey, was located here from the early 12th to the late 18th century.

Geography of Haut-Rhin
France–Switzerland border crossings
Villages in Grand Est
Alexandru Teriachiu (1829 – March 2, 1893) was a Romanian politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs.

Life and career
Teriachiu was born in 1829 in Tecuci, Principality of Moldavia. He studied in Paris and was active in Romanian student organization at the university. He returned to Moldova after unification of Romanian and Moldavian principalities and became a member of the Tecici Union, deputy secretary of ad hoc Divan in 1856.

Teriachiu served as the Minister of Culture and Public Instruction from April 27, 1859, until April 3, 1860, Minister of Foreign Affairs from August 17, 1867, until November 12, 1867, and as the Minister of Internal Affairs from July 20, 1880, until April 5, 1881.

References

Sources
Stan Stoica (coord.) - Dicționar biografic de istorie a României (Ed. Meronia, București, 2008)

1829 births
1893 deaths
Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs
Members of the Ad hoc Divans
Romanian Ministers of Interior
Stanford Morris Lyman (June 10, 1933 – March 9, 2003) was an American sociologist. He is recognized for his work on interactionism and the sociology of race relations in the United States. He served as president of the Mid-South Sociological Association, and he co-founded the American Sociological Association's Section on Asian/Asian American sociology. He was also a founder of the International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. He died of liver cancer on March 9, 2003.

References

1933 births
2003 deaths
American sociologists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
The New School faculty
Florida Atlantic University faculty
Deaths from liver cancer
Mariano Pasini (born 19 October 1979 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a retired Argentine footballer who played as a midfielder.

Teams
  Vélez Sársfield 1997
  All Boys 1997–1999
  Lobos BUAP 2000
  Santiago Wanderers 2000
  Racing de Montevideo 2001
  Estudiantes de Buenos Aires 2001–2002
  All Boys 2002–2003
  Atlanta 2003–2004
  Fortuna Düsseldorf 2004–2005
  Temperley 2005–2006
  Tigre 2006–2010
  Deportivo Laferrere 2010–2011

References
 Profile at BDFA 
 

Argentine men's footballers
Argentine expatriate men's footballers
Club Atlético Tigre footballers
Estudiantes de Buenos Aires footballers
All Boys footballers
Club Atlético Atlanta footballers
Club Atlético Vélez Sarsfield footballers
Racing Club de Montevideo players
Santiago Wanderers footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Chile
Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico
Expatriate men's footballers in Uruguay
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
1979 births
Living people
German footballers needing infoboxes
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Buenos Aires
Jitendra Narain Saksena was an Indian Police official, known for his contributions in combating militancy in Kashmir during late Eighties and early Nineties. He was the Director General of Police of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir from December 1989 to January 1992. He was reportedly targeted by the militants and was injured by a bomb blast that took place at his office on 24 January 1992, injuring four other senior police officials as well. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri in 1992. He died on 9 December 2010.

See also 

 Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir

References

Further reading 
 

Recipients of the Padma Shri in civil service
Year of birth missing
2010 deaths
Indian Police Service officers