Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
No Middle Ground is a board game simulating operational level ground combat between Israel and Syria on the Golan Heights during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War.  The product is intended as a simple game suitable for novices.

Microgame Design Group (MDG) in 2003 issued No Middle Ground in a plastic sleeve with a paper map and unmounted counters.  MDG in 2004 posted online a downloadable expansion called Target Damascus.

Components
168 unmounted counters representing Israeli and Syrian units and informational pieces; an 11" by 17" hexagon-patterned map, a rulebook, and two players' aid sheets.  The game requires but does not include a six-sided die.

Credits
Game Design: Paul Rohrbaugh
Graphics: Kerry Anderson, Paul Rohrbaugh
Editing: Kerry Anderson, Peter Schutze
Playtesting: Brian Brennan, Joe Bowser, Peter Schutze, Stefan Anton Federsel

Expansions
A No Middle Ground expansion set titled Target Damascus was briefly posted for download from MDG, but with MDG's closure the files are no longer available.

Sources
Elusive Victory: The Arab-Israeli Wars, 1947-1974, by Trevor N. Dupuy, Harper and Row, New York, 1978
Arabs at War: Military Effectiveness 1948-1991, by Kenneth M. Pollack, University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Nebraska, 2002
Games of the Golan, by John D. Burtt in Paper Wars #62, July 2006

External links
 
  No Middle Ground at Web-Grognards
  No Middle Ground at ConsimWorld

Board games introduced in 2003
Yom Kippur War board wargames
The Prince Charles stream tree frog (Hyloscirtus princecharlesi) is a species of frogs in the family Hylidae found in Ecuador. It is considered an endangered species threatened by habitat loss, climate change, pathogens, and other hazards.

In June 2012, the species was described as new to science by Luis A. Coloma et al. in the journal Zootaxa and named in honour of Charles III, King of the United Kingdom, recognising the then-Prince's work advocating rainforest conservation.

Taxonomy

An individual in the species was discovered by Luis Coloma in a museum specimen in 2008. Coloma was later part of an expedition in the Cotacachi Cayapas Ecological Reserve that found small numbers of the frogs, likely due to deforestation. The Amphibian Ark raised several frogs, hoping to boost the endangered population.

Distribution

The frog is endemic to Ecuador, and found only in the northeast, in the Cordillera de Toisán, in Imbabura Province. They're found between 2720 and 2794 meters above sea level, in the tierra fría zone.

Cultural importance

Its name is a patronymic that honors King Charles III, for his rainforest conservation work, such as the 2007 Prince's Rainforests Project, and as head of the UK World Wildlife Fund. In all his campaigns, he has used frogs as a symbol of the rainforest, and been affectionately called the "Frog Prince".

References

Hyloscirtus
Amphibians described in 2012
Charles III
Soma (, ) was the ruler of the Kingdom of Funan and widely claimed as the first monarch of Cambodia (reigned c. 1st century). She was also the first female leader of Cambodia. She was the consort of Kaundinya I (also known as "Huntien" and "Preah Thong"). She is known as Soma (Indian), Liǔyè (柳葉, Chinese), Liễu Diệp (柳葉, Vietnamese) and Neang Neak (Khmer).

Queen Soma and her husband, Kaundinya I, are known in Khmer legend as "Preah Thong (Kaundinya) and Neang Neak (Soma)".  According to reports by two Chinese envoys, Kang Tai and Zhu Ying, the state of Funan was established by an Indian Brahmin merchant from ancient Kalinga named Kaundinya.

As per the legends, an Indian merchant ship was attacked by the pirates led by Soma, daughter of the chieftain of the local Nāga clan. The merchants led by Kaundinya fought back and fended off the attackers but the ship had been damaged and was beached for repairs. The Indians were wary of a second attack but Princess Soma was impressed by Kaundinya's bravery and proposed marriage which was accepted. The union led to the foundation of the House that became the royal dynasty of Funan which would rule the region for many generations and the royal legitimacy was also acquired through the female line in the kingdom. This also explains the reason why the serpent (Nāga) became an important part of Khmer iconography as is seen a thousand years later when this historic mystical union remained an important part of the court ceremonies at Angkor during the era of the Khmer Empire.

References

1st-century Cambodian monarchs
1st-century Hindus
Cambodian Hindus
1st-century queens regnant
Funan
M.T.V. Acharya (1920 – c. 1992) was a painter, illustrator and art educator, most famous for his work for the popular Indian children's magazine Chandamama.

Acharya won prizes for his painting during his student days in the Mysore Dasara Exhibition. Initially, he worked with Hindusthan Aircraft in Bangalore. His first painting exhibition was in Chennai in 1945. He joined the Telugu children's magazine Chandamama in 1947, and later became editor of its Kannada version. He painted many covers for Chandamama.

Acharya was art director of the Kannada daily Tai nadu between 1963 and 1965. Later, he founded his own art school in Bangalore, the Acharya Chitrakala Bhavan, which provided lessons and training in painting through correspondence.

Bibliography
Chandamama Art Book, an anthology of artwork by Acharya and other Chandamama artists.

References

External links
Chandamama Archives

Indian children's book illustrators
Journalists from Karnataka
Artists from Mysore
Painters from Karnataka
Year of death uncertain
1920 births
1990s deaths

kn:ಎಂ. ಟಿ. ವಿ. ಆಚಾರ್ಯ
ta:எம். டி. வி. ஆச்சார்யா
Brides of Funkenstein member Sheila Horne was hired as a back-up singer for original Brides Lynn Mabry and Dawn Silva in 1978. She became a main singer with Silva and Jeanette McGruder in 1979 for the second Brides album Never Buy Texas from a Cowboy and joined Rick James on tour in 1981 as an original Mary Jane. Horne wrote songs for George Clinton's solo albums on Capitol in the mid-1980s and, , continues to tour with P-Funk All-Stars.  In Italy, in 1997 she released an album under the name Blackwood.

After returning to the U.S. she shifted back into American music, touring on several legs with P Funk. She teamed up with heavyweight producer Peter Rauhofer as the dance diva Amuka, to release 2003's dance anthem, "Appreciate Me," a hit that charted on Billboard's Top 10 and was licensed to CD compilations such as the Queer As Folk: Club Babylon soundtrack. Her second single with Peter Rauhofer  "U Ain't That Good," charted up to #3 on Billboard dance charts.  In 2003, she released an album with Discomind, The Fresh Turnout.

External links 
 [ Allmusic guide entry for Sheila Horne]
 [ Allmusic guide entry for Amuka]

American funk singers
P-Funk members
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
ᵷ or turned g is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed by rotating g 180°. It is used to transliterate the Georgian letter ჹ. ჹ itself is the Georgian letter გ "g" rotated. It represents a  in some East Caucasian languages.

In 1900, turned g was a proposed phonetic symbol in the International Phonetic Association’s Exposé des principes.

A rotated capital G has sometimes been used as a substitute for the similar-looking eng . It is encoded in Unicode at U+2141.
It looks similar to the Pe.(פ) 
ᵷ was added to Unicode 4.1 in 2005, as U+1D77. Fonts that can display the character include Code2000, Doulos SIL and Charis SIL. Lowercase "B with hook", an IPA letter that resembles a turned one-story g, is more widely available as a substitute, at U+0253. However the vertical alignment does not match.

G
Hans Lindahl Falck (19 March 1863 – 1937) was a Norwegian ship-owner and politician.

He was born in Stavanger as a son of Thomas Scheen Falck, Sr. (1829–1889) and Anna Lindahl (1842–1921). He was a brother of consul Christian Fredrik Falck. In 1890 he married Karen Johanne Poulsson. Their son Thomas Scheen Falck, Jr. became a notable ship-owner.

Falck took commercial education in Germany, England, France and the United States. He then started a career in the family company Ths. S. Falck in 1888, and advanced to co-owner in 1889.

Falck was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Stavanger og Haugesund during the term 1895–1897. He was a member of Stavanger city council for 25 years, serving as mayor for eight years. From 1890 to 1914 he also served as a consul for the German Empire. He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav and a Knight, Fourth Class of the Order of the Red Eagle.

References

1863 births
1937 deaths
Norwegian businesspeople in shipping
Politicians from Stavanger
Mayors of places in Rogaland
Deputy members of the Storting
Dorothy Ko (; born 1957) is a Professor of History and Women's Studies at the Barnard College of Columbia University. She is a historian of early modern China, known for her multi-disciplinary and multi-dimensional research. As a historian of early modern China, she has endeavored to engage with the field of modern China studies; as a China scholar, she has always positioned herself within the study of women and gender and applied feminist approaches in her work; as a historian, she has ventured across disciplinary boundaries, into fields that include literature, visual and material culture, science and technology, as well as studies of fashion, the body and sexuality.

Prior to joining the faculty of Barnard and Columbia, Ko has taught at the University of California, San Diego and at Rutgers University. Ko's research has been supported by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, among others. She was named a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2022.

Education
Ko received secondary education at the Queen Elizabeth School, Hong Kong. She pursued university and doctoral education at Stanford University, where she received the B.A., M.A., and PhD degrees.

Works
 Teachers of the Inner Chambers: Women and Culture in Seventeenth-Century China (Stanford University Press, 1994)
 Every Step a Lotus: Shoes for Bound Feet (University of California Press, 2001)
 Cinderella’s Sisters: A Revisionist History of Footbinding (University of California Press, 2005). This book is awarded the Joan Kelley Memorial prize from the American Historical Association for the best book on women's history or feminist theory published in the year.
Women and Confucian cultures in pre-modern China, Korea, and Japan (University of California Press, 2003), co-edited by Ko, JaHyun Kim Haboush, and Joan R. Piggott

References

External links
curriculum vitae of Barnard faculty
Dorothy Ko papers - Pembroke Center, Brown University
Faculty of Columbia History Department
Wetherhead East Asian Institute
University of Michigan news release
University of California Press announcement

Living people
21st-century American historians
Historians of the United States
Stanford University alumni
Columbia University faculty
Women's studies academics
American women historians
Feminist historians
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Retribution is a video game developed by British studio Astros Productions and published by Gremlin Interactive for DOS.

Gameplay
Retribution is a game in which the player participates in missions on land and in the air using various vehicles.

Reception
Next Generation reviewed the game, rating it two stars out of five, and stated that "Mediocre graphics and a generally weak set of sound effects don't do much to generate excitement for what, in the end, is a yawner of a game."

Reviews
PC Gamer (April 1995)
Computer Gaming World (Apr, 1995)
PC Games - Feb, 1995
Pelit - Jan, 1995
MikroBitti - Jan, 1995

References

External links
 

1994 video games
DOS games
DOS-only games
First-person shooters
Vehicle simulation games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Schuur Fire is a 2005 album by Diane Schuur, accompanied by the Caribbean Jazz Project.

Track listing
 "Lover, Come Back to Me" (Oscar Hammerstein II, Sigmund Romberg) – 4:50
 "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight" (James Taylor) – 4:05
 "So in Love" (Cole Porter) – 6:29
 "Look Around" (Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman, Sérgio Mendes) – 3:40
 "I Can't Stop Loving You" (Don Gibson) – 3:32
 "As" (Stevie Wonder) – 4:26
 "More Than You Know" (Edward Eliscu, Billy Rose, Vincent Youmans) – 4:10
 "Ordinary World" (Nicholas Bates, Warren Cuccurullo, Simon LeBon, John Taylor) – 4:13
 "Poinciana" (Buddy Bernier, Nat Simon) – 4:14
 "Close Enough for Love" (Johnny Mandel, Paul Williams) – 3:54
 "Confession" (Ivan Lins, Brenda Russell) – 4:21
 "Yellow Days" (Alan Bernstein, Álvaro Carrillo) – 4:03

Personnel

Performance
 Diane Schuur - vocals
 The Caribbean Jazz Project:
 Dave Samuels - arranger, marimba, vibraphone
 Oscar Stagnaro - double bass
 Mark Walker - drums
 Oscar Castro-Neves - guitar, arranger, producer, mixing
 Robert Quintero - percussion, conga
 Dario Eskenazi - piano
 Diego Urcola - trumpet, flugelhorn

Production
 Abbey Anna - art direction
 Charles Paakkari - assistant engineer
 Yutaka 	Engineer - editing, mixing
 Geoff Gillette - engineer, mixing
 David C. Britz - executive producer
 John Burk
 Hal Gaba
 Peggy Teague - make-up, hair stylist
 Bernie Grundman - mastering
 Danielle Brancazio - package design
 Norman Seeff - photography, cover choto
 Dan Steinberg - photography
 Anna Wyckoff - stylist

References

2005 albums
Diane Schuur albums
Caribbean Jazz Project albums
Concord Records albums
Anatoly Gennadyevich Iksanov (; February 18, 1952) was the General Director of the Bolshoi Theatre of Russia between 2000 and July 2013. His successor was Vladimir Urin.

In 1977, he graduated with a degree in theatre from the Leningrad Institute of Theatre, Music and Cinematography. A year after graduating from the Institute he worked as the chief administrator of the Maly Theatre in Moscow. From 1996 to 1998, he was Director of the Tovstonogov Bolshoi Drama Theater.

Ten years after becoming General Director of the Bolshoi Theatre, he participated in the Theatre's official presentation after its reconstruction.
In 2012 he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic and the Legion of Honour.

References 

Living people
Russian theatre directors
Bolshoi Theatre directors
Russian theatre critics
1952 births
Recipients of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia)
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Soviet theatre critics
Trygonoptera is a genus of round rays endemic to the waters around Australia.  Müller and Henle defined Trygonoptera in 1841. It has often been considered synonymous with Urolophus, but this has been refuted by recent studies. Trygonoptera can be distinguished from Urolophus in that the outer rims of its nostrils are enlarged into broad, flattened lobes; the two also differ in aspects of the skeleton.

Species
There are currently six recognized species in this genus:
 Trygonoptera galba Last & Yearsley, 2008 (Yellow shovelnose stingaree)
 Trygonoptera imitata Yearsley, Last & M. F. Gomon, 2008 (Eastern shovelnose stingaree)
 Trygonoptera mucosa Whitley, 1939 (Western shovelnose stingaree)
 Trygonoptera ovalis Last & M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Striped stingaree)
 Trygonoptera personata Last & M. F. Gomon, 1987 (Masked stingaree)
 Trygonoptera testacea J. P. Müller & Henle, 1841 (Common stingaree)

References

 
Ray genera
 
Taxa named by Johannes Peter Müller
Taxa named by Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Diadema mexicanum is a species of long-spined sea urchin belonging to the family Diadematidae. It is native to the Pacific coast of Mexico, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Panama.

Reef ecology
The coral reefs off the Pacific coast of Central America are thin and small relative to their counterparts in the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean. They are subject to periodic stresses such as El Niño events. In 1982–1983, 50 to 90% of the corals in the region were lost. A large increase in the population of Diadema mexicanum resulted and there was an increase in damage to the reefs caused by their spines. Diadema mexicanum is a herbivore and an important member of the reef community and plays a significant role in controlling algal growth. By limiting this growth they are capable of preserving coral by reducing competition for space and light. However, when the populations of sea urchins get too large their spines cause excessive abrasion to the corals and bioerosion of the reef. Nevertheless, the reduction in algae present is beneficial for the settlement of coral larvae. A reduction in the number of sea urchins causes overgrowth of algae to the detriment of the corals, and little recruitment of corals occur. For the reef to recover after a bleaching event there needs to be a change in the balance between the rate of reef accumulation and reef erosion. It is necessary to maintain a healthy level of grazing by sea urchins to maintain a moderate algal cover and allow coral recruitment.

References

mexicanum
Fauna of the Pacific Ocean
Animals described in 1863
Taxa named by Alexander Agassiz
The 1945 Campeonato Argentino de Rugby  was won by the selection of Provincia (Buenos Aires Province) that beat in the final the selection of Capital (Buenos Aires city).
Thi first edition was arranged by River Plate Rugby Union with the goal to develop and improve the rugby outside Buenos Aires territory.
Were invited to participate: 
 the selection of Capital, ossia di Buenos Aires
 the selection of Provincia
 the selection of Unión de Rugby del Norte (Tucumán), 
 The San Martín Rugby Club de Villa María from Cordoba Province
 The Litoral (Combinado de Rosario y Santa Fe)
 Montevideo Cricket Club, (club from Uruguay, traditionally connected with Argentine rugby since 1875)
 C. A. Estudiantes de Paraná
 Unión Cordobesa de Rugby.

The tournament were played with knock-out formula

Rugby Union in Argentina in 1945
 The "Buenos Aires Championship" was won by Club Universitario de Buenos Aires
 The "Cordoba Province Championship" was won by Universitario Córdoba
 The North-East Championship was won by Tucumán Rugby Club

Results

Bibliography
  Memorias de la UAR 1945
  I Campeonato Argentino

Campeonato Argentino de Rugby
Argentina
Campeonato
Stewart McCrae (1919 – 5 June 2008) was an Australian cartoonist who contributed to the Brisbane Courier Mail newspaper and bulletin. For the Argus (Melbourne) he published the cartoon Nicky & Graham.

References

External links
 Interview with Stewart McCrae, cartoonist (1998 sound recording) - interviewered by Ann Turner
 Killen in company / Jim Killen with cartoons by Stewart McCrae (1989, )
 Crawley's funny business / Stewart McCrae (1989, )
 Stewart McCrae cartoon collection - held and digitised by the National Library of Australia

1919 births
2008 deaths
Australian editorial cartoonists
Chavva (Telugu చవ్వ) is a South Indian family surname.

In South Indian states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and in few states in North India, people tend to have a hereditary surname. Such surnames tend to be used within a family for hundreds of years.

Chavva (చవ్వ) is mainly seen as surname of Andhra Pradesh people a South Indian state.
Their Mother tongue is Telugu language. These people are Hindus belonging to a caste called Reddy or Kapu the majority of which were rich landlords, and many still are.

People with this surname are mainly located in Kadapa District, Pulivendula Thaluka. A village called Himakuntla has nearly 70% of people with this surname. Its surrounding villages contain almost the same percentage of population with this surname. Now because of globalization the people with surname are scattered in many parts of the world. 
A Village called Chavva vari palli with the name of CHAVVA,located in Kadapa District, Pulivendula Thaluka has nearly 60% of people with this surname, many of whom are affluent. Chavva Balireddy,who was elected as MLA Of pulivendula constituency belongs to Y.Kothapalli of Simhadripuram mandal.

Telugu-language surnames
Vijay Sharma (born 20 September 1998) is an Indian cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Uttarakhand in the 2018–19 Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy on 21 February 2019. He made his List A debut on 8 December 2021, for Uttarakhand in the 2021–22 Vijay Hazare Trophy.

References

External links
 

1998 births
Living people
Indian cricketers
Uttarakhand cricketers
Place of birth missing (living people)
The Papers of Tony Veitch is a crime novel by William McIlvanney.  This book is the second in the series featuring the character Laidlaw. This series of books is recognised as the foundation of the Tartan Noir genre.

Plot
Jack Laidlaw visits the deathbed of an alcoholic vagrant, Eck Adamson, who provides a cryptic last message which helps solve the murder of a gangland thug and the disappearance of a student. In the process, Laidlaw uncovers widespread corruption.

Eck Adamson appears in the last Laidlaw novel about Laidlaw’s early career: The Dark Remains. He is an informer for Jack Laidlaw, who says I know the streets, but Eck here has a doctorate and any number of diplomas. He is described as anything between thirty and sixty and probably had no more than a decade left in him without a radical change of lifestyle, as he knocks back two large rums with a pint of Guinness in between.

Editions
The book was first published in 1983 by Hodder & Staughton, and was reissued on 3 June 2013 by Canongate Books.

References

Scottish novels
Novels set in Glasgow
Scottish crime novels
British detective novels
1983 British novels
Hodder & Stoughton books
Novels by William McIlvanney
Thomas Kakuska (born Vienna; 25 August 1940 – 4 July 2005) was an Austrian viola player, best known as the violist of the Alban Berg Quartett from 1981 until his death in Vienna in 2005.

Kakuska was a professor at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna from 1971, and a visiting professor at the University of Cologne in Germany from 1993.

Following his death, Kakuska's close friend, the composer Hilda Paredes, wrote In Memoriam Thomas Kakuska for solo violin, which was given its premiere performance by her husband, Irvine Arditti, at a memorial concert in Vienna in 2006.

References

1940 births
2005 deaths
Austrian classical violists
Musicians from Vienna
20th-century classical musicians
20th-century violists