Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Poland () was a ministry dealing with economy of Republic of Poland.

Created in 1997 from reforms and mergers of other ministries, it has gone through several name changes and has recently been downsized, with issues related to work being split to Ministry of Labour and Social Policy and regional issues split to Ministry of Regional Development. In 2007 the bureau of tourism was moved to Ministry of Sport.

The last minister was Janusz Piechociński. In late 2015 it was merged into the new Ministry of Development.

List of ministers

Ministers for Economy (1997–2003)

External links 

1997 establishments in Poland
Poland, Economy
Economy Ministers
Poland
Economy
Poland, Economy
Former ministries
2015 disestablishments in Poland
Defunct government agencies of Poland
Economy of Poland-related lists
The Sea II is an album by Norwegian pianist Ketil Bjørnstad recorded in 1996 and released on the ECM label. The album is a sequel to Bjørnstad's 1995 release The Sea.

Reception
The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4 stars stating "The general mood is a bit sleepy and the development from song to song is quite slow, although there are a few fiery and rockish solos from guitarist Rypdal. But overall, there is little on this well-played set that rises above the level of stimulating background music".

Track listing
ECM – ECM 1633. All compositions by Ketil Bjørnstad except as indicated.

Personnel
Ketil Bjørnstad: piano
Terje Rypdal: guitar
David Darling: cello
Jon Christensen: drums

References

1995 albums
ECM Records albums
Ketil Bjørnstad albums
Albums produced by Manfred Eicher
The Vatican Christmas Tree, also called the Saint Peter's Square Christmas Tree, is the decorated tree that is erected annually in the Saint Peter's Square directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City to celebrate the Christmas holiday season.

The tradition of placing a Christmas tree as well as the life-size Nativity scene in Saint Peter's Square started in 1982 during the pontificate of Pope John Paul II, when the Polish-born Pope introduced the northern European symbol of Christmas spirit. The tradition of erecting a Christmas Tree was celebrated in northern Europe and in Poland, Pope John Paul II's country of origin, but not in the Vatican at the time.

The first tree came from Italy. Since then, the offering of the Christmas Tree to the Pope has become an honour, and each year the Vatican accepts a tree donated by a different European country or region.

The Christmas tree is installed in the centre of Saint Peter's Square, together with a life-size nativity scene that is unveiled on Christmas Eve. The nativity scene has seventeen life-size statues. Of these, nine are the original figures donated in 1842 by Saint Vincent Pallotti for the nativity scene in the Roman church of Sant'Andrea della Valle, and the other eight figures were added over the course of the years. In 2006 the Italian province of Trentino, and the local council of a village of Tesero, have provided a further thirteen sculpted wooden figures and animals, as well as household utensils for the depiction of daily life.

Trees

See also
Index of Vatican City-related articles
List of individual trees

References

Christmas traditions by country
Individual Christmas trees
Vatican City culture
Tourist attractions in Vatican City
Individual trees in Vatican City
Vatican
Río Verde is a Chilean commune and settlement in Magallanes Province and Region. The commune is located in the area surrounding Seno Skyring, a sea inlet north of Riesco Island.

Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Río Verde spans an area of  and has 358 inhabitants (295 men and 63 women), making the commune an entirely rural area. The population grew by 6.9% (23 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.

Administration

As a commune, Río Verde is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2012-2016 alcaldesa is Tatiana Vásquez Barrientos (UDI).

Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Río Verde is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Juan Morano (PDC) and Gabriel Boric (Ind.) as part of the 60th electoral district, which includes the entire Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region. The commune is represented in the Senate by Carlos Bianchi Chelech (Ind.) and Carolina Goic (PDC) as part of the 19th senatorial constituency (Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region).

References

External links
  Municipality of Río Verde

Communes of Chile
Populated places in Magallanes Province
Santa Rosa del Sara Airport  is an airstrip serving the town of Santa Rosa del Sara (de) in the Santa Cruz Department of Bolivia. The runway is on the northwest corner of the town.

See also

Transport in Bolivia
List of airports in Bolivia

References

External links 
OpenStreetMap - Santa Rosa del Sara
OurAirports - Santa Rosa del Sara
Fallingrain - Santa Rosa del Sara Airport

Airports in Santa Cruz Department (Bolivia)
The Bipartisan Background Checks Act is a proposed United States law that would establish new background check requirements for firearm transfers between private parties.  It would prohibit a firearm transfer between private parties until a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer conducts a successful background check.

Background

Gun violence in the United States 
Gun violence in the United States results in tens of thousands of deaths and injuries annually. In 2018, the most recent year for which data is available as of 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) National Center for Health Statistics reported 38,390 deaths by firearm, of which 24,432 were by suicide, and 13,958 were homicides. The rate of firearm deaths per 100,000 people rose from 10.3 per 100,000 in 1999 to 12 per 100,000 in 2017, with 109 people dying per day; the figure was 11.9 per 100,000 in 2018. In 2010, there were 19,392 firearm-related suicides, and 11,078 firearm-related homicides in the U.S. In 2010, 358 murders were reported involving a rifle, while 6,009 were reported involving a handgun; another 1,939 were reported with an unspecified type of firearm.

Provisions

Background Check Requirements 
This bill establishes new background check requirements for firearm transfers between private parties (i.e., individuals who are not federally licensed as gun professionals). Specifically, it prohibits a firearm transfer between private parties unless a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer first takes possession of the firearm while conducting a background check. The prohibition does not apply to certain firearm transfers, such as a gift between spouses in good faith.

Legislative history 
As of March 12, 2021:

See also 
 Gun law in the United States
 List of bills in the 116th United States Congress
 List of bills in the 117th United States Congress

References

External links 

Proposed legislation of the 116th United States Congress
Proposed legislation of the 117th United States Congress
Wakulla  was a steam cargo ship built in 1918-1919 by Los Angeles Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company of San Pedro for the United States Shipping Board as part of the wartime shipbuilding program of the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) to restore the nation's Merchant Marine.

SS Wakulla was a steel-hulled, single-screw cargo vessel built under a contract from the United States Shipping Board (USSB) at Los Angeles, California, by the Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. She was launched on 14 January 1918. Acquired by the United States Navy on 22 June 1918 for World War I service, she was given Identification Number (Id. No.) 3147 and commissioned as USS Wakulla on 26 June 1918 at San Francisco, California, with Lieutenant Commander Albert J. McAlman, USNRF, in command, named for Wakulla County, FL.

Wakulla loaded a capacity cargo of flour and departed for the United States East Coast on 21 July 1918. En route, she underwent repairs at Balboa, Panama, from 11 August 1918 to 18 August 1918. Making port at New York City on 27 August 1918, Wakulla bunkered, underwent further repairs, and sailed for Sydney, Nova Scotia, on 7 September 1918. On 13 September 1918, she joined a convoy bound for the British Isles and made arrival at Dublin, Ireland, on 29 September 1918.

After unloading her cargo there, Wakulla shifted to Liverpool, England, late in October 1918. Underway from Liverpool on 9 November 1918, Wakulla was en route to New York when the armistice of 11 November 1918 stilled the guns of World War I.

Loading a cargo of foodstuffs earmarked for the French government, Wakulla departed New York on 18 December 1918, only to turn back for repairs, arriving back at New York on 21 December 1918. She remained under repairs into 1919 before finally departing, sailing again for France on 28 January 1919. Arriving at Bordeaux on 19 February 1919, Wakulla discharged her cargo, loaded 1,000 tons of United States Army ordnance materiel, and departed France on 29 March 1919, bound for the United States. After arriving at New York on 13 April 1919, she was decommissioned at Hoboken, New Jersey, on 18 April 1919 and simultaneously struck from the Navy List.

Returned to the United States Shipping Board and once again becoming SS Wakulla, she operated actively out of Los Angeles, California, until 1923, when she was laid up, in reserve. She remained in this status until the first half of 1931 when, due to age and deterioration, she was scrapped at Baltimore, Maryland.

References

External links 
Department of the Navy: Naval Historical Center Online Library of Selected Images: U.S. Navy ships: USS Wakulla (ID # 3147), 1918–1919. Originally and later S.S. Wakulla (American Freighter, 1918).

 

Design 1013 ships
Design 1013 ships of the United States Navy
Ships built in Los Angeles
1918 ships
World War I cargo ships of the United States
World War I auxiliary ships of the United States
Rally & Issues () was a conservative political party in the Principality of Monaco. The party was the main party in the coalition Horizon Monaco after the 2013 Monegasque general election.

History

The party was established as the National and Democratic Union () in 1962 by a merger of the National Union of Independents and the National Democratic Entente, who between them held all 18 seats in the National Council. The new party won 17 of the 18 seats in the 1963 elections, and all 18 in the 1968 elections. It was reduced to 16 seats in 1973 as two opposition parties won seats, but won every seat again in the 1978, 1983 and 1988 elections.

In the 1993 elections it lost three seats, but retained a large majority. It won all 18 seats again in 1998, but the 2003 elections saw it win just three seats as it was defeated by the Union for Monaco alliance. It changed its name to Rally & Issues prior to the 2008 elections, and incorporated the Rally for Monaco as well as Values and Issues.

Electoral history

National Council elections

References

External links
  (Archived)

Defunct political parties in Monaco
Political parties established in 1962
Political parties disestablished in 2020
Monarchist parties in Monaco
1962 establishments in Monaco
Pașcani () is a city in Iași County in the Western Moldavia region of Romania, on the Siret river. , it has a population of 33,745. Five villages are administered by the city: Blăgești, Boșteni, Gâstești, Lunca, and Sodomeni.

The city derived its name from the estate of the boyar Oană Pașca. It is the city where Mihail Sadoveanu's novel The Place Where Nothing Happened takes place. An important local site is the Church of the Holy Archangels.

Pașcani is a key node in the Căile Ferate Române rail network; its train station serves the CFR main lines 500 and 600.

Natives
 Octavian Nemescu
 Visarion Puiu
 Neculai Rățoi
 Mihail Sadoveanu
 Ion Vasilenco

References

External links

 http://www.primariapascani.ro/

 
Cities in Romania
Populated places in Iași County
Localities in Western Moldavia
Monotowns in Romania
Home: A Short History of An Idea is a book published in 1986 by Canadian architect, professor and writer Witold Rybczynski.

Home won the 1986 Governor General's Award for non-fiction.
 
The book is an extended essay on the evolution of domestic living and culture; Rybczynski recounts the history of the material and cultural influences (such as intimacy and privacy, domesticity, ease) as well as ideas about light, air, and efficiency, all of which he claims to have helped shape the idea of comfort. The book was a bestseller. In an article published by The New Yorker in 2022, Ian Parker referred to the book as "a classic 1986 study of domestic architecture".

References

1986 non-fiction books
Books by Witold Rybczynski
Design books
Viking Press books
Lidia Esperanza Magaz Jaime (February 24, 1922 – May 6, 2013) was a telenovela television actress. She played under the name of Esperanza Magaz.

Born in Havana, Cuba, Magaz relocated to Caracas, Venezuela, in 1953. She ended up as a well-recognized supporting character actress, primarily on RCTV and Venevisión, while playing a variety of assorted supporting roles in dozens of telenovelas between the 1960s and the early 2012s.

She died in Caracas, Venezuela from Hodgkin's lymphoma at the age of 92.

Selected roles
Amantes
El Desafío
Doña Bárbara
Esmeralda
La Inolvidable
La Revancha
Kassandra
La Zulianita
Natalia del Mar
Rafaela
Toda una dama

Sources

Televen – Falleció la primera actriz Esperanza Magaz (Spanish)
Últimas Noticias – Murió la primera actriz Esperanza Magaz (Spanish)

1922 births
2013 deaths
Cuban emigrants to Venezuela
Cuban television actresses
Deaths from cancer in Venezuela
Deaths from Hodgkin lymphoma
Actresses from Havana
Venezuelan telenovela actresses
Carsten Günter Erich Sieling (born 13 January 1959) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as the President of the Senate and Mayor of Bremen from 2015 to 2019. His successor is Andreas Bovenschulte.

Political career
From 2009 to 2015, Sieling was a member of the Bundestag, where he served on the Finance Committee. During the time of position held, he was his parliamentary group's rapporteur on consumer protection in financial services. Between 2010 and 2013, he was a member of the Sub-Committee on Municipal Policy. From 2012, he also served as deputy chairman of the German-British Parliamentary Friendship Group.

Sieling resigned from his seat in parliament to become President of the Senate and Mayor of Bremen in July 2015, succeeding Jens Böhrnsen. As one of the state's representatives at the Bundesrat, he served on the Committee on Foreign Affairs and on the Committee on Defence. Between October 2015 and October 2016, he chaired the Conference of Ministers-President.

In the negotiations to form a coalition government under the leadership of Chancellor Angela Merkel following the 2017 federal elections, Sieling was an SPD delegate in the working group on social affairs, led by Karl-Josef Laumann, Barbara Stamm and Andrea Nahles.

Following his party's result in the 2019 state elections, Sieling resigned from his office.

Other activities

Corporate boards
 BLG Logistics, Member of the Advisory Board
 ArcelorMittal Bremen, Member of the Supervisory Board (2013-2015)
 GEWOBA AG, Member of the Supervisory Board (2003-2010)
 Bremische Gesellschaft für Stadterneuerung, Stadtentwicklung und Wohnungsbau, Member of the Supervisory Board (1999-2003)

Non-profit organizations
 Cultural Foundation of the German States (KdL), Member of the Council
 Deutsches Museum, Member of the Board of Trustees
 Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES), Member
 German Council on Foreign Relations (DGAP), Chairman of the Task Force on International Space Policy
 IG Metall, Member
 German United Services Trade Union (ver.di), Member
 Haus & Grund Bremen, Chairman of the Board (2009-2012)

References

1959 births
Living people
Mayors of Bremen (city)
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
People from Nienburg (district)
Members of the Bundestag 2013–2017
Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013
Scots civil procedure governs the rules of civil procedure in Scotland. It deals with the jurisdiction of the country's civil courts, namely the Court of Session and sheriff courts.

Civil procedure is regulated by Acts of Sederunt which are ordinances passed by the Court of Session.  Rules for the functioning of the Court of Session were decided upon by the Court of Session Rules Council, which was instituted by the Administration of Justice (Scotland) Act 1933 and reconfirmed by the Court of Session Act 1988 and those for the Sheriff Court were agreed on by the Sheriff Court Rules Council, which is the body responsible for reviewing the Sheriff Court civil procedure under review.  Primary legislation may also be enacted to regulate civil procedure, such as the Civil Evidence (Scotland) Act 1988 which removed requirements for corroborating evidence. However, rules for both the Court of Session and sheriff courts are now decided upon by the Scottish Civil Justice Council.

Since the enactment of the Human Rights Act 1998, civil procedure has increasingly been shaped by case law from the European Court of Human Rights.

Proposed reform of civil procedure 
In 2009 Lord Gill, the Lord Justice Clerk, delivered his Scottish Civil Courts Review which was heralded as the "most far-reaching reform of Scotland's civil justice system in nearly two centuries".

Among his 206 proposals were:
 a major shift of work from the Court of Session to sheriff courts,
 removal of the jurisdictional overlap between those courts,
 specialisation of sheriffs in areas such as family law, commerce, personal injury,
 new district judges to deal with less legally complicated and low-value civil actions such as small claims and housing disputes.

In November 2010 the Scottish Government released its response to the Review accepting "the majority of Lord Gill's recommendations" including expressly the following proposals:
 "Civil court business should be reallocated to more appropriate levels, with a far greater proportion of civil court business to be heard by the sheriff courts
 "A specialised personal injury court should be established as part of Edinburgh Sheriff Court
 "The creation of a new Sheriff Appeal Court
 "The introduction of a new role of District Judge
 "Adoption of an improved and more active approach to case management
 "The introduction of designated specialist judges"

In October 2011, the Scottish Government announced consultation on appointments to a new Scottish Civil Justice Council to draft rules of procedure for civil proceedings in the Court of Session and sheriff court. The establishment of the council was one of Lord Gill's 2009 recommendations.

See also
Judiciary of Scotland
Trial by jury in Scotland
Lands Valuation Appeal Court

References

AD Murray, 'Court of Session procedure: past, present and future' (1997) 31 Scots Law Times 259-263
G Maher and B Rodger, Civil Jurisdiction in the Scottish Courts (Greens Practice Library 2009)

Civil procedure
Codes of civil procedure
Civil procedure
Civil procedure
The Freyung is a triangular public square in Vienna, located in the Innere Stadt first district of the city.

History
The square originally lay outside the Roman fortification walls of Vindabona. In the 12th century, Irish monks arrived by invitation of Duke Henry II of Austria to build a monastery. The monastery is called Schottenkloster, meaning Scottish Monastery, as Ireland at that time was known as New Scotland. The square around Schottenkloster was known as "bei den Schotten" ("at the Scots").

The name Freyung has its origin from the old German word "frey", meaning "free". Since the monastery had the privilege of freedom from ducal authority, as well as the right to grant protection to fugitives, the square gained its name from its proximity to the Schottenkloster. The priory was added to the monastery in 1773 and became popularly known as Schubladkastenhaus (Chest of Drawers House) because of its shape.

The Freyung became an important market square, where various street artists and entertainers performed for their living. One of these performances was the Wiener Hanswurst (Viennese Fool) by Josef Stranitzky.

Since the Hofburg Imperial Palace was not far, in the 17th and 18th centuries many aristocrats established their city residences at the square, as well as the neighbouring Herrengasse.

In 1856, the houses between the Freyung and the adjacent square Am Hof were demolished to broaden the street between them. In the late 19th century banks and other financial houses also moved into the area and established headquarters.

Furthermore, the Austria-Brunnen fountain, erected in 1844-1846 by Ludwig Schwanthaler in honour of Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria, sits in the middle of the square.

City palaces (known as Palais)

 Palais Hardegg (built in 1847, at Freyung 1)
 Palais Harrach (1690–1702, Freyung 3)
 Palais Kinsky (formerly Palais Daun, 1713–1716, Freyung 4)
 Palais Lamberg (replaced at the turn of the 19th century with a neo-baroque building, Freyung 5)
 Palais Ferstel (formerly Austro-Hungarian Bank, 1856–1860, at Freyung 2, with another entrance at Herrengasse 14. It was refurbished in the 1980s and now houses an exclusive shopping gallery and the famous Café Central.)
 Palais Schönborn-Batthyány (1692–1693, Renngasse 4)
 Palais Windisch-Graetz (1703, Renngasse 12)

Close to
 Kunstforum (formerly an extension of the Creditanstalt head office, 1914, Freyung 8. It was refurbished in the 1980s and today houses the popular Kunstforum exhibition hall for modern and contemporary art shows, sponsored by Bank Austria.)
 Schoellerbank (a private bank, Renngasse 3)

Trivia
The Freyung has a Christmas market (Christkindlmarkt) every winter season, a tradition still kept since 1772.
Parts of an old 13th century medieval pavement, uncovered during renovation works in front of the Palais Ferstel, were integrated into the modern pavement in the 1990s.

Gallery

References
 Czeike, Felix (1973). Wien: Kunst & Kultur. Sueddeutscher Verlag, Munich.

External links 

 Freyung Vienna
 BA-CA Kunstforum
 Palais Ferstel

Innere Stadt
Squares in Vienna
Retail markets in Vienna
Vila Clotilde is a village in Caué District on São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 53 (2012 census). Vila Clotilde lies 6.5 km west of São João dos Angolares. 3 km to its west is Pico Cão Grande, an iconic needle-shaped volcanic plug.

Population history

References

Populated places in Caué District
AOSR - The Archives of Oral Sciences and Research is the official publication of the Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India which aims to publish quality, peer reviewed original research papers and topical reviews within clinical dentistry, on all basic science aspects of structure, chemistry, developmental biology, physiology and pathology of relevant tissues, as well as on microbiology, biomaterials and the behavioural sciences as they relate to dentistry including molecular studies related to oral health and disease.

Archives of Oral Sciences & Research strive to provide scope for exchange of relevant information and enhancement of the profession with the purpose of promoting oral health for patients and communities.

Archives of Oral Sciences and Research is published quarterly. Editor-in-Chief is A. R. Pradeep.

External links
www.aosr.co.in official website
Aims of the AOSR

Dentistry in India
Dentistry journals