Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Mark A. Kirkpatrick is a theoretical population geneticist and evolutionary biologist. He currently holds the T. S. Painter Centennial Professorship in Genetics in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Texas at Austin. His research touches on a wide variety of topics, including the evolution of sex chromosomes, sexual selection, and speciation.  Kirkpatrick is the co-author, along with Douglas J. Futuyma, of a popular undergraduate evolution textbook. He is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences.

Education
Kirkpatrick earned an undergraduate degree in biology from Harvard University in 1978 and a Ph.D. from the University of Washington in 1983. His doctoral advisor was Montgomery Slatkin.

Research
Kirkpatrick’s research focuses on fundamental questions in theoretical evolutionary genetics. He has studied the evolution of female mating preferences from a population genetic perspective and, in addition to Russell Lande, formally modeled  Ronald Fisher’s runaway concept of arbitrary intersexual selection and its role in speciation. Kirkpatrick has worked on questions in quantitative genetics, speciation, and chromosome evolution, focusing on the evolution of rearrangements such as inversions and fusions. He has also been actively involved in research on sex chromosome evolution and sex determination.

Notable awards  
Awards received include:
 Guggenheim Fellowship (1997)
 Poste Rouge Fellow, National Center for Scientific Research, France (1997)
 American Society of Naturalists President’s Award (1998)
 College of Natural Sciences Award for Excellence in Teaching (2002)
 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2008)
 Miller Visiting Professor, University of California at Berkeley (2009)
 Elected member of the National Academy of Sciences (2020)

Representative works

Bibliography
 Evolution, Douglas J. Futuyma & Mark Kirkpatrick, 2017, 594 pages, Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates; 4th edition,

References

External links
UT Austin Bio
Kirkpatrick Lab Website

University of Washington alumni
Harvard University alumni
Evolutionary biologists
Theoretical biologists
Population geneticists
21st-century American biologists
1956 births
Living people
Brian Dooley (born 16 April 1971) is an English television writer.

He is best known for creating the sitcom The Smoking Room, which debuted on BBC Three in 2004, before it was transferred to BBC Two, and for which he received a BAFTA in 2005. He also appears in the series as Ben (from the post room).

Education
He was educated at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge University.

Career
In 2007, Dooley contributed to the Doctor Who short story collection Short Trips: Snapshots. It was announced in Doctor Who Magazine issue 406 that he would write two episodes of series 3 of the Doctor Who spin-off The Sarah Jane Adventures, but his script, which formed the basis of Mona Lisa's Revenge, was rewritten to the extent that only Phil Ford was credited.

Other credits include Monkey Dust, The Sketch Show, Being Human and its IPlayer spin-off Becoming Human and plays for Radio Four.

References

External links
 
 BBC questions and answers with Dooley 

1971 births
Living people
Alumni of Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
English television producers
English television writers
English screenwriters
English male screenwriters
British male television writers
People from Crosby, Merseyside
21st-century British screenwriters
21st-century English male writers
Diuris emarginata, commonly called the late donkey orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has up to six leaves and a flowering stem with up to eight yellow flowers with brown markings but only after fires the previous summer.

Description
Diuris emarginata is a tuberous, perennial herb with between three and six linear leaves  long and  wide. Between three and eight yellow flowers with brown markings, about  long and  wide are borne on a flowering stem  tall. The dorsal is erect, tapering,  long and  wide. The lateral sepals are  long,  wide and project forwards. The petals are more or less erect or spread apart from each other,  long and  wide on a blackish stalk  long. The labellum is  long, turns slightly downwards and has three lobes. The centre lobe is narrow egg-shaped,  long and  wide and the side lobes are  long,  wide and spread apart from each other. There are two callus ridges  long near the mid-line of the labellum and outlined in brownish red. Flowering occurs from November to January, but only after fire the previous summer.

Taxonomy and naming
Diuris emarginata was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen. The specific epithet (emarginata) is a Latin word meaning "without margin" or "notched at the apex".

Distribution and habitat
The late donkey orchid occurs in winter-wet areas mainly between Augusta and Albany in the Jarrah Forest and Warren biogeographic regions.

Conservation
Diuris emarginata is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

References

emarginata
Orchids of Western Australia
Endemic orchids of Australia
Plants described in 1810
Endemic flora of Western Australia
Taxa named by Robert Brown (botanist, born 1773)
Petros II may refer to:

 Pope Peter II of Alexandria, ruled in 373–381
 Petros II, Caucasian Albanian Catholicos whose rule ended c. 1331
 Jacob Petros II Hovsepian, ruled in 1749–1753
Aleksandr Alexandrovich Averin (; born January 13, 1981, Moscow) is a  Russian  political dissident and publicist. He works as journalist.

Biography

Political career 
Aleksandr Averin was born in Moscow. He studied at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys. Averin has been a member of the National Bolshevik Party since 1999. Averin has been Eduard Limonov's official press secretary since 2002. In 2006, Averin co-founded the coalition The Other Russia. In 2006, Aleksandr Averin was one of the organizers of the Dissenters' March in Moscow, during which he was repeatedly detained. In 2009, Averin was one of the organizers of the Strategy-31. Since 2010, Averin has been the spokesperson for the political party The Other Russia.

War in Donbas 
During the Russo-Ukrainian War Averin served in pro-Russian separatist forces

Arrest 
On 7 April 2018, Aleksandr Averin was arrested by Russian police on his return from Donbas. He was accused of disobedience to border guards and illegal possession of a weapon. He did not plead guilty. On 7 December 2018, Aleksandr Averin was sentenced to 3 years in prison. Political party "The Other Russia" recognized Averin as a political prisoner.

References

External links
The Other Russia - Aleksandr Averin's biography
Official blog of Aleksandr Averin in LJ
Official blog of Aleksandr Averin in VK

Living people
1981 births
Journalists from Moscow
National Bolshevik Party politicians
Russian dissidents
Russian nationalists
Pro-Russian people of the war in Donbas
Russian prisoners and detainees
National Bolsheviks
A Nait The or Massage Practitioner () is a 1922 Burmese black & white silent comedy short film.

Cast
Par Gyi
Khin Khin Nu

Release
It was shown on 14 November 1922. This short film is 4000 feet long. Censor no. is 1533.

References

1922 films
1922 comedy films
Burmese silent films
Burmese black-and-white films
Burmese comedy films
Silent comedy films
Comedy short films
David Krentz is an American paleoartist, character designer, animator, storyboard artist, writer and director specializing in dinosaurs. As an animator for Walt Disney Pictures, Krentz has worked on Disney animated feature titles such as Fantasia 2000, Disney's Dinosaur, Treasure Planet, and John Carter, as well as productions for other studios such as Escape from Planet Earth. He has also contributed character designs and computer-generated models for films such as the 2013 BBC reboot of Walking with Dinosaurs, including close to 20 ZBrush models.

In addition to his work on films, Krentz has contributed his character design expertise to television shows such as the Discovery Channel's four-part nature documentary Dinosaur Revolution and its feature film version, Dinotasia, which was created from unused sequences of the show. Krentz was also the co-director and art director for both of these productions. More recently, he has worked as a writer and storyboard artist for the Adult Swim animated production Primal. For his work as a storyboard artist on the episode "Plague of Madness", he has won an Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Animation. For the same episode, he was also listed as a recipient of the award for Outstanding Animated Program.

His 3D modeling of dinosaurs was preceded by his paleoart, in which he has an avocational interest in sculpting of dinosaurs.

References

Living people
Paleoartists
Year of birth missing (living people)
N-philes are group of radical molecules which are specifically attracted to the C=N bonds, defying often the selectivity rules of electrophilic attack. N-philes can often masquerade as electrophiles, where acyl radicals are excellent examples which interact with pi electrons of aryl groups.

References 
 

Environmental chemistry
Biomolecules
Biological processes
Free radicals
Monophyllorchis is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The sole species is Monophyllorchis microstyloides, native to Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Colombia and Ecuador.

See also
 List of Orchidaceae genera

References

 Schlechter, F.R.R.(1920) Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis, Beihefte 7: 39.
 Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2005). Epidendroideae (Part One). Genera Orchidacearum 4: 609 ff. Oxford University Press
 Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart

External links

Triphorinae
Orchids of South America
Orchids of Central America
Monotypic Epidendroideae genera
Triphoreae genera
Edward Milward (1712?–1757) was an English physician and historian of medicine.

Life
He was born about 1712, probably at Lindridge, Worcestershire, where his family resided. He was entered at Trinity College, Cambridge, but left without graduating, and acquired the degree of doctor of medicine abroad.

In 1733 Milward was a doctor of medicine, living in London at Queen's Square, Ormond Street; he later moved to Portugal Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields. At this period he was patron to Edmund Chapman, the writer on midwifery.

On 7 July 1741 he was created by royal mandate M.D. of Cambridge as a member of Trinity College. He was admitted licentiate of the College of Physicians 30 September 1747, and fellow 30 September 1748; was censor 1752, and in the same year delivered the Harveian oration. He became Fellow of the Royal Society 21 January 1742.

Milward moved to Worcester, where he died 26 August 1757. He was buried in the Knighton Chapel, Lindridge, among other members of his family. His epitaph states that he died at the age of 45.

Works
Milward was a scholar of the classical medical writers. His major work was his essay on Alexander Trallianus, a Greek physician of the sixth century. Milward intended this essay to be the prelude to a new edition of the text of Alexander. Another project was in his Letter to Learned Men: a complete history of British writers on medicine and surgery. He started with the papers of William Becket, bought from Edmund Curll the bookseller. He again referred to it in the preface to James Drake's Orationes Tres, but nothing was  published. Another projected but unpublished work was a treatise on gangrene.

His published works were:

 The Essay on Trallianus, with different title-pages in 1733 and 1734. 
 A Circular Invitatory Letter to all Orders of Learned Men … concerning an Attempt towards an History of the Lives, etc., of the most celebrated British Physical and Chirurgical Writers, London, 1740.
 Oratio Harvæana, 1752, London, 1753.

Milward also edited Jacobi Drakei Orationes tres de febre intermittente, London, 1742.

References

Attribution

1712 births
1757 deaths
18th-century English medical doctors
Fellows of the Royal Society
Silphium radula, commonly known as roughstem rosinweed, is a species of  flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native North America, where it is found in the South Central region of the United States. Its natural habitat is prairies over sandy or calcareous soil.

Description
Silphium radula is an herbaceous perennial, growing to around 0.6m tall. It produces large, showy yellow flowers in the summer.

Taxonomy
The taxonomy of the genus Silphium remains unresolved in North America, with the appropriate ranks and relationships between the taxa unclear. Silphium radula appears to be closely related to both Silphium gracile and Silphium integrifolium.  Silphium gracile is placed by some authors as a variety of Silphium radula, while other authors treat them as distinct species.

Silphium radula can be distinguished from S. gracile by its shorter peduncles, resulting in its stem leaves often subtending the flower heads (as opposed to flowers being on long naked peduncles as in S. gracile). In addition, S. radula has basal leaves which are absent at flowering time, as opposed to the persistent basal leaves of S. gracile. As for Silphium integrifolium, S. radula can be distinguished from it by having longer stem pubescence, and by the tendency  of S. radula to have both alternate and opposite leaves (as opposed to the strictly opposite leaves of S. integrifolium).

References

radula
Megalorhipida fissa is a moth of the family Pterophoridae that is known from Yemen.

References

Oxyptilini
Moths described in 2002
Endemic fauna of Yemen
Moths of Asia
Invertebrates of the Arabian Peninsula
Shawkat Jamil is a Bangladeshi film director. He is the former president of the Bangladesh Film Directors Association.

Biography
Jamil directed films like Shesh Roksha, Chalbaz, Sobar Upore and Ekjon Shonge Chilo. These films are selected for preservation in Bangladesh Film Archive. Jekhane Tumi Sekhane Ami was his last direction. It was released in 2010.

Selected filmography
 Premer Baji
 Shesh Roksha 
 Dorodi Sotan 
 Chalbaz
 Sobar Upore
 Ekjon Shonge Chilo
 Jekhane Tumi Sekhane Ami

References

Living people
People from Kushtia District
Bangladeshi film directors
Year of birth missing (living people)
Hip Hop Locos is the second studio album by A Lighter Shade of Brown. It was released in 1992 through Pump Records with distribution via Quality Records.

Hip Hop Locos was not a success, peaking at No. 87 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. "Homies" made it to No. 57 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 13 on the Hot Rap Singles. ""Interrogated Cause I'm Brown" was also released as a single. The duo supported the album with a North American tour.

Production
The recording sessions took place at Paramount Recording Studios, at Image Recorders, at 38 Fresh, and at Ameraycan Studios in Hollywood. The production was handled by Angelo "Stone Tha Lunatic" Trotter IV, DJ Romeo, Eddie "Coze Tha Grinch" Goodman, Jason Roberts, Jesse "Tootie" Lars, K.T., Stan "The Guitar Man" Jones and DTTX. Fabian Alfaro, who appeared on the debut, left A Lighter Shade of Brown before the recording sessions. The duo somewhat moved away from the Latin music sounds of Brown & Proud.

Critical reception

The Washington Post deemed the album "considerably stronger in both beats and lyrics" than the debut. The San Antonio Express-News considered it "a satisfying mix of Latino pride, social consciousness and plain fun." The Los Angeles Times noted that "the production values ... are much improved, with crisper beats and more riveting raps."

Track listing
"Intro" - 0:23
"Hip Hop Locos" - 3:30
"A Young Vato" - 3:47
"Spill the Rhyme" - 3:57
"Viva Zapata" - 2:05
"Check It Out" - 3:45
"Raize Up" - 4:05
"Alla en el Rancho Grande" - 0:22
"The Huggy Boy Show" - 0:40
"Homies" - 3:31
"Low Rider Madness" - 3:27
"Brownies" - 3:37
"Interrogated Cause I'm Brown, Pt. 1 & 2" (featuring A.L.T., Aztlan Nation, KAOS, Pee Bee, Street Mentality) - 5:16
"Spill the Wine" (DJ Muggs Remix) - 3:46

Sample credits
"Check It Out"
"Plantation Inn" by The Mar-Keys
"Terminator X Speaks With His Hands" by Public Enemy
"Caught, Can We Get a Witness?" by Public Enemy
"Homies"
"The Tracks of My Tears" by The Miracles
"Brownies"
"UFO" by ESG

Charts

References

External links

A Lighter Shade of Brown albums
1992 albums
The active valve control system (AVCS) is an automobile variable valve timing technology used by Subaru.  It varies the timing of the valves by using hydraulic oil pressure to rotate the camshaft, known as "phasing", in order to provide optimal valve timing for engine load conditions. The system is closed loop using the camshaft sensors, crankshaft sensors, air flow meter, throttle position as well as oxygen sensors and/or Air-Fuel ratio sensors in order to calculate engine load. The ECU is programmed to operate control valves that adjust the delivery of the hydraulic pressure in order to move the camshaft into the position that will provide the engine with the best performance while meeting emissions standards.

AVCS is used on the Version 7 and up EJ207 engines, the EJ204, EJ254, EJ255, EJ257, the second generation EZ30D (2005+ in the USA market) found in the Legacy Outback, Legacy 2.0R, 3.0R and the B9 Tribeca.

A dual AVCS system phases both the intake and exhaust camshafts on the EZ36 found in the 2008+ Tribeca, 2009+ Outback 3.6R, 2009+ Legacy 3.6R, and on the 2008+ STi EJ257 (W25 heads). Dual AVCS is present on the new FA20 engines in the 2015+ WRX, Forester and BRZ and the FB20 engines in the 2012+ Impreza / Crosstrek, though they actuate with a different method than those of the older engines. Dual AVCS is also found on Japanese-spec engines, notably the late model EJ207s in the WRX STI.

AVCS

The implementation of AVCS is quite different from AVLS. The latter just changes the cam profile that's operating the two valves.

In AVCS, the engine computer (ECU) can command a solenoid which advances or retards the camshaft rotation by up to 35 degrees.

By retarding the cams at idle or very low engine loads, you achieve a smoother, easier idle. From idle through medium engine loads, AVCS advances the intake valves to begin opening during the last part of the exhaust stroke, when the exhaust valves are still slightly open. Some of the pressure created during the exhaust stroke flows into the intake manifold, having the effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The intake valves also close earlier during the intake stroke. This helps with engine efficiency and fuel economy.

At very high engine loads, AVCS advances the intake valves further to open even sooner during the exhaust stroke. This produces a scavenging effect – that is, intake airflow helps clear the cylinder of exhaust gas. It also closes the intake valves sooner on the compression stroke. This results in improved volumetric efficiency, increased dynamic compression, and helps to generate higher power output.

See also 
AVLS

References

External links 
Subaru Drive Magazine articles: AVCS, i-AVLS
Subaru AVCS Explained

Variable valve timing
Subaru

it:AVCS
The National Security Agency of El Salvador (, abbreviated as ANSESAL) was the national intelligence agency of El Salvador during the military regime and the civil war. The organization was known for using paramilitaries and death squads to carry out its activities.

History 

The National Security Agency of El Salvador was established by President Julio Adalberto Rivera in 1965 and was originally named the National Intelligence Service (SNI). Its original purpose was to oversee the operations of the National Democratic Organization, a group of paramilitaries and death squads used to combat political and militant opposition to the government. The organization maintained detailed files of information of thousands of Salvadorans, with some of the files being created by the United States' CIA The organization was headed by General José Alberto Medrano and later Colonel Roberto Eulaio Santivanez. It was dissolved in 1992 with the signing of the Chapultepec Peace Accords.

See also 

ORDEN (National Democratic Organization)

References 

Salvadoran Civil War
The men's  T35-38 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics took place at the  Beijing National Stadium on 16 September. There were no heats in this event. The winners were the team representing .

Results

Final
Competed at 19:36.

 
WR = World Record.  DNF = Did not finish. DQ = Disqualified (passing of the baton outside the take-over zone).

References
Official Beijing 2008 Paralympics Results: Final

Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics
Senator Wemple may refer to:

Edward Wemple (1843–1920), New York State Senate
William W. Wemple (1862–1933), New York State Senate
The 2017 Stamford mayoral election was held on November 7, 2017. The election saw the reelection of David Martin.

General election

References

2017
Stamford
Stamford
The Forteau Formation is a geologic formation in Newfoundland and Labrador. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.

Age 
A Dyerian trilobite fauna places it predominantly in the Bonnia‒Olenellus trilobite zone

Fauna 
Among its fauna are small carbonaceous fossils and brachiopods  and trilobites

See also

 List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Newfoundland and Labrador

References
 

Cambrian Newfoundland and Labrador
Cambrian southern paleotemperate deposits
Loop 499 is a  loop route around the city of Harlingen in the U.S. state of Texas. The loop extends around the northern, eastern, and southern sides, with Interstate 69E, U.S. Highway 77, and 83 completing the loop on the west side. This loop was proposed and temporarily designated in 1971 at the beginning of construction, with official designation in 1973. The loop is a significant thoroughfare around the city, as it is the main connection to Valley International Airport.

Route description 
Loop 499 begins on the north side of Harlingen at I-69E/US 77.  It heads east from this junction to FM 507.  The loop begins to curve to the south at this intersection as it passes to the southwest of Valley International Airport.  Heading south through the east side of Harlingen, the loop intersects Spur 206 and FM 106 at Harrison Avenue.  The highway curves towards the southwest after this intersection and continues to the southwest to a junction with U.S. Highway 77 Business near Valley Baptist Memorial Hospital.  The loop continues to the southwest ending at an interchange with I-69E/US 77/US 83.

History 
Loop 499 was given a temporary designation on April 29, 1971 until construction began on the highway. On April 31, 1973, it was officially added to the State Highway System as a route from US 77 to Loop 448. The route was extended to the southwest to US 83 over a section of Farm to Market Road 801 on May 21, 1979.

Junction list

References

499
Transportation in Cameron County, Texas
Compsolechia anthracura is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1914. It is found in Guyana and Brazil.

The wingspan is 14–17 mm. The forewings are ochreous brown, from near the base to two-thirds irrorated (sprinkled) with blackish and sometimes partially tinged with whitish. There is an elongate suffused black patch along the posterior fourth of the dorsum to the tornus and a fine subterminal line of more or less scattered white scales, moderately curved outwards. A black dash is found towards the costa above the apex and there are two black dashes towards the termen in the middle, more or less edged with white suffusion, often forming a transverse white pre-terminal blotch. The hindwings are blackish with the submedian fold in males furnished with long hairs towards the base.

References

Moths described in 1914
Compsolechia
Taxa named by Edward Meyrick