Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Clapham railway station  was located on the Belair line in the inner southern Adelaide suburb of Clapham,  from Adelaide railway station.

History 
Clapham was opened in 1908. The station consists of two earth-filled concrete faced platforms, one each side of the dual lines, which were originally both broad gauge. Each platform had a timber and iron open passenger shelter, and there was a ticket office at the foot of the western platform which was staffed only at peak hours in the 1960s. There was a shelter, bench, and public address speaker on the down platform.

Between its opening in 1908 and 1915, the Clapham railway station was located approximately 150 metres west of its final location. A short branch line diverged from the Belair line along what is now Price Avenue, terminating just north of Springbank Road. This allowed trains to terminate at Clapham without obstructing trains on the main line - the Clapham passenger service was typically a P class locomotive with a couple of carriages, and was known as the Clapham Dodger. In 1915 the Clapham station was moved to its final location on the main line.

It closed on 28 April 1995 along with Millswood and Hawthorn when the line was converted to two single lines as part of the standardisation of the Adelaide-Wolseley line. During the Belair line renewal in 2009, the top edge of the eastbound platform was removed because of the risk of it being struck by passing trains.

References

Select bibliography
Callaghan WH. The overland railway. ARHS NSW, St James. 1992.
Eardley, G. "The P class locomotives of South Australia." ARHS bulletin 416, June, 1972. 
Jennings R. Line clear: 100 years of train working Adelaide-Serviceton. Mile End Railway Museum, Roseworthy. 1986.
Smith P., Piddock S., Pate D. Historic sites and landscapes - the Mitcham Hills. Department of Archaeology, Flinders University. 2005.

Disused railway stations in South Australia
Railway stations closed in 1995
The Volunteer State Athletic Conference (VSAC) was a college athletic conference which was predominantly for smaller colleges in the U.S. state of Tennessee.

History
The VSAC was organized in the 1940s and dissolved in the early 1980s.  Member schools were in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA).  Long-term members of the conference included the institutions now known as Belmont University, Bethel University, Bryan College, Carson–Newman University, Christian Brothers University, King University, Lee University, Lincoln Memorial University, Lipscomb University, Milligan College, Tusculum University, Tennessee Wesleyan University, and Union University, as well as the now-defunct Lambuth University.

Dissolution
The conference dissolved when the institutions in the eastern portion of the state seceded to form the Tennessee Valley Athletic Conference (TVAC).  Those in the western part of the state formed in turn the Tennessee Collegiate Athletic Conference (TCAC).  The Appalachian Athletic Conference is the direct successor of the TVAC, and was known as such until the mid-1990s when the addition of schools in Virginia, Kentucky, and North Carolina necessitated the name change. The TranSouth Athletic Conference, which operated from 1996 to 2013, is sometimes regarded as something of a successor to the TCAC. Sponsorship of football by the conference ended after the 1962 season, over two decades before the conference dissolved with regard to its other sports.

Other founding members of the VSAC included East Tennessee State University, Middle Tennessee State University, Austin Peay State University, and Tennessee Technological University; these schools all left the VSAC to join the Ohio Valley Conference. As of 2019, Austin Peay and Tennessee Tech remain in the OVC, while East Tennessee State is in the Southern Conference and Middle Tennessee in Conference USA.

Football champions

 1947 – Middle Tennessee
 1948 – 
 1949 – Middle Tennessee
 1950 – Middle Tennessee
 1951 – Middle Tennessee
 1952 – Middle Tennessee
 1953 –  and Middle Tennessee
 1954 – 

 1955 – Middle Tennessee
 1956 – Middle Tennessee
 1957 – Middle Tennessee
 1958 – Unknown
 1959 – Unknown
 1960 – 
 1961 – , , and 
 1962 –

See also
List of defunct college football conferences

References
Martin Finger (born 16 December 1970) is a Czech actor.

Selected filmography

Film
 Walking Too Fast (2010)
 Long Live the Family! (2011)
 I, Olga Hepnarová (2016)
 Toman (2018)
 Metanol (2018)
 The Word (2022)
 The Body (2023)

Television
 Ulice (2005)
 Spravedlnost (2017)
 Stockholm Syndrome (2020)
 Actor (2020)
 Božena (2021)
 Nineties (2022)

References

External links
 

1970 births
Living people
People from Šumperk
Czech male film actors
Czech male stage actors
Academy of Performing Arts in Prague alumni
Czech male television actors
21st-century Czech male actors
20th-century Czech male actors
The D. J. Lawlor was a 19th-century Boston pilot boat built in 1881 at North Weymouth, Massachusetts. The schooner was considered the largest (86 feet) for her type, noted for her seaworthiness and heavy weather performance. She was named after the prominent Boston shipbuilder Dennison J. Lawlor. She was struck by a fishing schooner Horace B. Parker, in 1895, and was replaced by the pilot-boat Liberty in 1896.

Construction and service 

The D. J. Lawlor, was built at North Weymouth, Massachusetts by Porter Keene. The D. J. Lawlor (No 3), was launched at Quincy Point in Quincy, Massachusetts on December 22, 1881 for Captain Abel F. Hayden. She was the largest of her build and rig in the United States and noted for her seaworthiness and heavy weather performance. She was designed by Dennison J. Lawlor, for whom she was named. She took the place of the pilot-boat Gracie, that was sold to the Wilmington, Delaware pilots.

On February 16, 1882, the D. J. Lawlor, took a trial trip at Battery Wharf in Boston, Massachusetts. The excursion went to Minot's Ledge Light, one mile offshore of the towns of Cohasset and Scituate, Massachusetts.

The D. J. Lawlor, was registered as a pilot Schooner with the ‘’Record of American and Foreign Shipping,’’ from 1883-1895. Her ship master was Abel F. Hayden; her owners were  Abel F. Hayden, James H. Reid, and William V. Abbott; built in 1882 at North Weymouth, Massachusetts; and her hailing port was the Port of Boston. Her dimensions were 86 ft. in length; 22 ft. breadth of beam; 8.8 ft. depth of hold; and 75-tons Tonnage.

End of service

On January 4, 1895, during a heavy mist, the Boston pilot-boat D. J. Lawlor, No. 3, was struck and sank off Minot's Ledge Light by the Gloucester fishing schooner Horace B. Parker. Four of the crew perished. Rudolph Harrison, the steward, was the only one that survived. She cost $13,000 and was fully isnured through the agency of Franklin S. Phelps & Company. Captain William V. Abbott, who was one-quarter owner, was not on board the boat when it sank.

The owners of the D. J. Lawlor, filed charges in the U. S. District Court against the fishing schooner Horace B. Parker, for damages for the loss of the pilot-boat, which was valued at $12,000. They claimed the collision was caused by the carelessness of the schooner with no lookout on board.
 
In 1896, the 'Liberty was built by John Bishop at his shipyard in Gloucester, Massachusetts, to take the place of the ill-fated pilot-boat D. J. Lawlor. The boat was built for pilots Murdock Low, Nelson and John Ward. She was 104 feet long, 118-tons and cost $17,000. She was launched on March 30, 1896.

See also
List of Northeastern U. S. Pilot Boats

References 

Schooners of the United States
Individual sailing vessels
Service vessels of the United States
1881 ships
Pilot boats
Ships built in Weymouth, Massachusetts
Mairbek Vatchagaev (born 1965) is a historian and political analyst on the North Caucasus. Mairbek Vatchagaev was a senior ranking official in the Chechen government of Aslan Maskhadov.

Career
Vatchagaev was born in Russian SSR of USSR. He studied history at the State University of Chechnya, the Research Institute of Chechnya, and the Institute of the Russian History. He defended his doctoral thesis in the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow in 1995.

After receiving his doctoral degree, Vatchagaev returned to Chechnya and was placed in charge of the information department of the armed forces of Ichkeria. He worked closely with Aslan Maskhadov, and actively campaigned for him in 1996 before the elections. Together with Turpal Ali Atgeriev, Vatchagaev significantly assisted Maskhadov’s advance to power.

During the period 1988–99, Vatchagaev was a press secretary and first adviser to President Maskhadov. At the same time, he was in charge of leading the investigation center functioning under the presidential administration of Ichkeria. In the summer of 1999, Vatchagaev was appointed as the general representative of the Republic of Ichkeria in the Russian Federation. On October 21, 1999, the Russian police detained him. Vatchagaev spent 9 months in the Butyrsk prison in Moscow. Amnesty International declared him to be a political prisoner. He was released in the summer of 2000. Vatchagaev continued to function as a press secretary of President Maskhadov until 2002.

Scholarly work
Vatchagaev has been studying the history of the North Caucasus and political processes in the region, as well as the history of Islam in Russia since 2002. He has published numerous articles on the history of Chechnya and politics in the North Caucasus and Russia.

He has extensively contributed to the Jamestown publication Eurasia Daily Monitor about developments in the North Caucasus.
 
Vatchagaev is an author of five books on the history and religion of the North Caucasus, including Chechnya in the 19th Century Caucasian Wars :

Vatchagaev, M. and Mazaev T.] (100 Days of a President) (St. Petersburg-Grozny), 1997, 44 pages (in Russian).
L’aigle et le loup. Paris, Buchet Chastel, 2008, 258 pages (in French).
Chechnya in the Caucasian Wars of the 19th Century), Kiev, Ukraine, 2003 (in Russian), 367 pages.
Sheikhs and Holy Places of Chechnya, Moscow, 2009. Pages 304 (in Russian
Vatchagaev, M. Mamulia G and Donogo XM [Вачагаев М, Мамулиа Г и Доного Х-М. Гайдар Баммат и журнал "Кавказ"], Маkhachkala, Dagestan, Russian Federation, 2010. Pages 448 (in Russian) 

He is the co-editor-in-chief of the Caucasus Survey (London, UK). He also co-edits an online magazine Prometheus (Paris, France). Vatchagaev is the Président de l'Association d'études caucasiennes (Paris, France).

References

Living people
Politicians of Ichkeria
Chechen historians
1965 births
USCGC Edgar Culbertson (WPC-1137) is the United States Coast Guard's 37th  cutter, and the second of three to be homeported in Galveston, Texas.

Design

Like her sister ships, Edgar Culbertson is designed to perform search and rescue missions, port security, and the interception of smugglers.  She is armed with a remotely-controlled, gyro-stabilized 25 mm autocannon, four crew served M2 Browning machine guns, and light arms. She is equipped with a stern launching ramp, that allows her to launch or retrieve a water-jet propelled high-speed auxiliary boat, without first coming to a stop.  Her high-speed boat has over-the-horizon capability, and is useful for inspecting other vessels, and deploying boarding parties.

The crew's drinking water needs are met through a desalination unit.  The crew mess is equipped with a television with satellite reception.

Operational career

Edgar Culbertson was delivered to the Coast Guard, for her acceptance trials, in Key West, on February 6, 2020. She arrived at her homeport of Galveston, Texas on March 23, 2020. Edgar Culbertson was commissioned in Galveston on June 11, 2020.

Namesake

In 2010, Charles "Skip" W. Bowen, who was then the United States Coast Guard's most senior non-commissioned officer, proposed that all 58 cutters in the Sentinel class should be named after enlisted sailors in the Coast Guard, or one of its precursor services, who were recognized for their heroism.  The Coast Guard chose Edgar Culbertson as the namesake of the 37th cutter.  Culbertson and two other Coast Guard sailors saw three teenage boys at the end of a long pier, on Lake Superior, when a storm had whipped up  waves.  They saw a wave wash one boy off the pier, and saw the other boys pinned by the extremity of the weather.  Culbertson and his comrades ventured out onto the pier to rescue the boys, and Culbertson himself was washed away.

References

Sentinel-class cutters
2020 ships
Ships of the United States Coast Guard
Ships built in Lockport, Louisiana
Mauricio Rocha Iturbide is a Mexican architect.

Biography
Mauricio Rocha was born in Mexico City in 1965 and studied architecture at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México in the Max Cetto workshop. He has taught architectural language and projects at the UNAM faculty, Anahuac University and Ibero University in México City, and has given lectures at prestigious Universities in the United States and Latin America.
Besides architecture he has worked as an artist doing interventions in different buildings and exhibiting at important national and international places such as Artists Space in New York.
In his architectural works his most outstanding buildings are different projects realized in México City, like the “Center for the attention of blind people” in the Ixtapalapa district, “House for abandoned children” in Observatorio DF, “San Pablo Ozotepec Market” in the Milpa Alta district in DF, etc.
With his first project realized in 1991 at the age of 25 (the house of his mother, the renowned Mexican photographer Graciela Iturbide) he founded “Taller de Arquitectura”, although he collaborated with his father Manuel Rocha Diaz until his death in 1996. From the fusion of the two offices, Mauricio Rocha built the foundation of a new one, generating new projects for public and private buildings all over the country. In 2012, the office was renamed Taller de Arquitectura Mauricio Rocha + Gabriela Carrillo, when he was joined by partner Gabriela Carrillo. In 2014, Graciela Iturbide commissioned Taller de Arquitectura Mauricio Rocha + Gabriela Carrillo to build a brick studio in Coyoacán, Mexico City, which was completed in 2017.

Awards and honors
Mies Crown Hall Americas Prize for the remodeling and expansion of the Anahuacalli Museum in Mexico City. 2023
Architectural League Emerging Voices 2014.
Golden medal at the VIII architecture biennale in México for the “San Pablo Oztotepec Market”. 2004.
Silver medal at the VII architecture biennale in México for the "Blind people center". 2002.
Covarrubias award for the best national museography in México with the “Introduction to anthropology” project in the National Museum of anthropology and history in México City. 2001.

Selected Realizations
Studio Iturbide, Coyoacán, Mexico City. 2017.
San Pablo cultural center, Oaxaca. 2011
Audi automobile agency. México DF. 2002.
Center for the attention of blind people. México DF. 2000.
Casa Graciela Iturbide. México DF. 1991.

References

External links
Taller de Arquitectura
Exhibition at center for architecture NY
Mies Crown Hall Americas Prize 2023

1965 births
Living people
Architecture firms of Mexico
Mexican architects
Jack Fairweather (born in 1978), is a British journalist and author.

Early life

Fairweather was born in Shrewsbury, England in 1978. His sister, Chloé Fairweather, directed Dying to Divorce, a film selected as the British entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 94th Academy Awards in 2021. He was educated at Atlantic College, and at Lincoln College at the University of Oxford.

Career

Fairweather was a freelance correspondent embedded with British troops during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. He was a stringer for The Daily Telegraph in Baghdad, where he met his wife Christina Asquith, a journalist working on contract to cover education issues in Iraq for New York Times. Fairweather claims he survived an attempted kidnapping and an attempted suicide bombing in Iraq.

He later contributed freelance articles from Afghanistan to the PostGlobal blog hosted by The Washington Post. His war coverage has won a British Press Award and an Overseas Press Club award citation. His book The Volunteer, a biography about Witold Pilecki, a Polish resistance fighter who infiltrated Auschwitz during the Holocaust and Second World War, won the 2019 Costa Book Award.

„Witold Pilecki is a man whose footsteps I was following for 5 years. He is extraordinary human being who exposed himself to the worst danger in Auschwitz and he risked his life in so many ways to report what was happening in Auschwitz. He made up a group of people who smuggled news to get them out from the camp"

Books
 A War of Choice: the British in Iraq 2003-9 (Vintage, 2012)
 The Good War: Why We Couldn’t Win the War or the Peace in Afghanistan, by Jack Fairweather, (Basic Books, 2014)
 The Volunteer: One Man's Mission to Lead an Underground Army Inside Auschwitz and Stop the Holocaust (Custom House, 2019)
 A Rebel in Auschwitz: The True Story of the Resistance Hero who Fought the Nazis From Inside the Camp (Scholastic Focus, 2021)

Awards

The Good War was a finalist for the 2015 Lionel Gelber Prize.

The Volunteer won the Costa Book of the Year Award 2019.

References

1978 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
British male journalists
British war correspondents
Writers from Shrewsbury
People educated at Atlantic College
People educated at a United World College

External links
Jack Fairweather v Hyde Parku Civilizace na ČT24 12.7.2023 (moderátor Daniel Stach)
Lughaya District () is a district of the Awdal region in Somaliland. Lughaya District has a total population of 101,104 residents.

Demographics
The broader Lughaya District has a total population of 100,104 residents. The district is mainly inhabited by the Mahad 'Ase subclan of the Gadabuursi Dir clan who make up the predominant clan in the district. 

Malte Sommerlatte (2000) states:
"In the centre of the study area are the Gadabursi, who extend from the coastal plains around Lughaye, through the Baki and Borama districts into the Ethiopian highlands west of Jijiga."

In the Ruin and Renewal: The story of Somaliland (2004), the author states:
"So too is the boundary of Lughaya district whose predominant (if not exclusive) inhabitants are today Gadabursi."

The FSAU Monthly Food Security Report March (2003) states that the Gadabuursi clan are the main local inhabitants of the Lughaya District whilst Issa pastoralists migrate to the region seasonally from Ethiopia: 
"Following discussions with the Issa (from Ethiopia) and Gadabursi (local inhabitants) livestock owners and local leaders in Gerissa, Xariradd, Jidhi, Karuure, Ceel Gal, Zeyla, Lughaye, Kalalwe and Osooli."

There is also a sizeable minority of the Issa subclan of the Dir who mainly inhabit the Zeila District.

See also
Administrative divisions of Somaliland
Regions of Somaliland
Districts of Somaliland

References

External links
 Administrative map of Lughaya District

Awdal
Districts of Somaliland
WKMO-FM (101.5 FM, "101.5 KMO") is a radio station broadcasting a country music format. Licensed to Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States, the station is currently owned by Elizabethtown CBC, Inc.

Previous logo

References

External links

KMO-FM
Radio stations established in 1995
1995 establishments in Kentucky
Country radio stations in the United States
The Police Complaints Board (PCB) was the British government organisation tasked with overseeing the system for handling complaints made against police forces in England and Wales from 1 June 1977 until it was replaced by the Police Complaints Authority on 29 April 1985.

Like its replacement, the Police Complaints Authority, its successor the Independent Police Complaints Commission, and the present Independent Office for Police Conduct, the Police Complaints Board was operationally independent of the British police.

Creation 
Until the creation of the PCB in June 1977, complaints against police officers were handled directly by the forces concerned, although the Home Secretary could refer a serious complaint to another police force for investigation under a mechanism set out in Section 49 of the Police Act 1964. The investigating force would forward a report to the Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP), who could decide to prosecute the offending policemen.

Following a series of scandals involving the Metropolitan Police in the mid-1970s, and criticism of a perceived lack of independence in the existing process, the Police Complaints Board was created by the Police (Complaints) Act 1976.

Powers 
The new board could scrutinise a report produced by an investigating force and satisfy itself that justice had been done, or instruct the chief constable of the force against whom the complaint had been made to take disciplinary proceedings against the offending police officers.

The PCB did not cover Northern Ireland, which was the responsibility of a separate body, the Police Complaints Board for Northern Ireland also set up under the Police Act 1976. Nor did it cover Scotland, which retained the mechanism set up by the Police (Scotland) Act 1967.

Criticism and reform 
The 1981 Brixton riots, and the Scarman report on it which investigated,  amongst other things, allegations of racism against the police led to pressure to reform the PCB.

The result was that the board was abolished and replaced by the Police Complaints Authority in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984. A significant change was that the PCA was given extra powers allowing it to supervise police investigations into complaints, which has been taken further in its successor, the Independent Police Complaints Commission which replaced it on 1 April 2004 and which has the ability to carry out its own independent investigations.

References 

Police oversight organizations
Ombudsmen in England
Ombudsmen in Wales
Police misconduct in the United Kingdom
Home Office (United Kingdom)
Defunct public bodies of the United Kingdom
Law enforcement in England and Wales
This is a list of the governors of the province of Herat, Afghanistan.

Governors of Herat Province

See also
 List of current governors of Afghanistan

Notes

Governors of Herat Province
Herat
Sirius is a board game published by Bütehorn Spiele in 1976.

Gameplay
Sirius is an abstract strategy game.

Reviews
Games & Puzzles #79
Jeux & Stratégie #1 (as "Galax")

References

External links
 

Board games introduced in 1976
Joshua Kyeremeh (died 18 January 2021) was a Ghanaian politician and administrator and security expert. He was a member of the New Patriotic Party and was National security coordinator for the President of Ghana.

Education and career
A product of the KNUST, and a former Director of the National Intelligence Bureau (NIB), formerly known as the Bureau of National Investigations (BNI). He worked there for 22 years and has been at command levels in the Northern, Greater Accra, Ashanti and Upper East. He was also the head of the Investigations Unit of the BNI and rose to the deputy director and later the Director of BNI from 2005 to 2009. After the December elections, he was part of the transition team.

Political life
In January, 2017 he was appointed the National security coordinator at the Flagstaff House by President Nana Akuffo-Addo.

Death 
He died on Monday, 18 January 2021 at the Ga East Municipal Hospital. He died from COVID-19.

References

New Patriotic Party politicians
2021 deaths
Year of birth missing
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology alumni
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana
20th-century births