Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
In linguistics, a redundancy is information that is expressed more than once.

Examples of redundancies include multiple agreement features in morphology, multiple features distinguishing phonemes in phonology, or the use of multiple words to express a single idea in rhetoric.

Grammar
Redundancy may occur at any level of grammar. Because of agreement – a requirement in many languages that the form of different words in a phrase or clause correspond with one another – the same semantic information may be expressed several times. In the Spanish phrase los árboles verdes ("the green trees"), for example, the article los, the noun árboles, and the adjective verdes are all inflected to show that the phrase is plural. An English example would be: that man is a soldier versus those men are soldiers.

In phonology, a minimal pair is a pair of words or phrases that differs by only one phoneme, the smallest distinctive unit of the sound system. Even so, phonemes may differ on several phonetic features. For example, the English phonemes  and  in the words pin and bin feature different voicing, aspiration, and muscular tension. Any one of these features is sufficient to differentiate  from  in English.

Generative grammar uses such redundancy to simplify the form of grammatical description. Any feature that can be predicted on the basis of other features (such as aspiration on the basis of voicing) need not be indicated in the grammatical rule. Features that are not redundant and therefore must be indicated by rule are called distinctive features.

As with agreement in morphology, phonologically conditioned alternation, such as coarticulation and assimilation, add redundancy on the phonological level. The redundancy of phonological rules may clarify some vagueness in spoken communication. According to psychologist Steven Pinker, "In the comprehension of speech, the redundancy conferred by phonological rules can compensate for some of the ambiguity of the sound wave. For example, a speaker may know that thisrip must be this rip and not the srip because in English the initial consonant cluster sr is illegal."

Redundancy versus repetition
Writing guides, especially for technical writing, usually advise avoiding redundancy, "especially the use of two expressions that mean the same thing. Such repetition works against readability and conciseness." Others make a distinction between redundancy and repetition:
Repetition, if used well, can be a good tool to use in your writing. It can add emphasis to what you are trying to say and strengthen a point. There are many types of useful repetition. Redundancy, on the other hand, cannot be a good thing. Redundancy happens when the repetition of a word or idea does not add anything to the previous usage; it just restates what has already been said, takes up space, and gets in the way without adding meaning.
Computer scientist Donald E. Knuth, author of highly acclaimed textbooks, recommends "to state things twice, in complementary ways, especially when giving a definition. This reinforces the reader's understanding."

See also

 Bilingual tautological expressions

References

Rhetoric
Semantics
Syntax
Broken Hand Peak is a  mountain summit on the boundary shared by Custer and Saguache counties, in Colorado, United States.

Description
Broken Hand Peak is set in the Sangre de Cristo Range which is a subrange of the Rocky Mountains. It is the 10th-highest summit in Custer County, and the 206th-highest in Colorado. Broken Hand Peak, 0.75 mile (1.2 km) southeast of Crestone Needle, is included within the official name "Crestone Peaks".  The mountain is located in the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness on land managed by San Isabel National Forest and Rio Grande National Forest. Broken Hand Peak can be seen from Highway 69 south of the community of Westcliffe. Precipitation runoff from the mountain's eastern slopes drains into South Colony Creek, a tributary of Grape Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Arkansas River, and the west slope drains into Cottonwood Creek which is a tributary of San Luis Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises  above South Colony Creek in 0.75 mile (1.2 km).

Etymology
The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1970 by the United States Board on Geographic Names to commemorate "Broken Hand" which was the Indian name of Thomas Fitzpatrick (1799–1854), an Indian agent and mountain man of the 1800s. He was known as "Broken Hand" after his left hand had been crippled in a firearms accident.

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Broken Hand Peak is located in an alpine subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool to warm summers. Due to its altitude, it receives precipitation all year, as snow in winter, and as thunderstorms in summer, with a dry period in late spring. Climbers can expect afternoon rain, hail, and lightning from the seasonal monsoon in late July and August.

Gallery

See also
Crestones
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
Thirteener

Further reading
 Leroy R. Hafen, "Broken Hand, the Life of Thomas Fitzpatrick, Mountain Man, Guide and Indian Agent", 1981, University of Nebraska Press,

References

External links
 Broken Hand Peak: weather forecast

Mountains of Colorado
Mountains of Custer County, Colorado
Mountains of Saguache County, Colorado
San Isabel National Forest
Rio Grande National Forest
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
North American 4000 m summits
Itaparica is an island located at the entrance of Todos os Santos Bay on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean in the state of Bahia, Brazil. It is located about  from the city of Salvador, Bahia and covers . There are two municipalities on the island: Vera Cruz (87% of the land area) and Itaparica (13%). Itaparica has  of beaches and exuberant tropical vegetation.

History

Itaparica was home to a large Tupinamba population. Amerigo Vespucci arrived at the island on November 1, 1501. The initial Portuguese settlement was a Jesuit outpost called Baiacu, founded in 1560, later renamed Villa do Senhor da Vera Cruz. Sugarcane and wheat were initially cultivated on the island; cattle were later introduced. The first work of hydraulic engineering in the new colony was on Itaparica: a dam to supply drinking water to the village. The island became productive within a short period of time and was attacked by British Corsairs as early as 1597. It was occupied by the Dutch between 1600 and 1647 during the Dutch Occupation of Brazil. The Dutch constructed the Forte de São Lourenço in this period. The island later became a rich source of income for the Portuguese; it hosted a naval shipyard; lime mills, a crucial building material of the period; and a whaling industry, which continued to the mid-19th century.

The first steam engine in Brazil was set up on the island on the Ingá-Açu plantation. Itaparica was the scene of an important battle during the struggles of Independence of Bahia between 1821 and 1823. Many sobrados, colonial-period houses, were constructed on the island to house Pedro I of Brazil and later Pedro II of Brazil.

Sul America Open

Itaparica is known for hosting the Sul America Open tennis competition (1986-1990). It is the former home of the tennis tournament, the ATP Itaparica.

Access

Itaparica can be reached in about one hour by ferry from Salvador. The smaller passenger-ferry departs from near the Mercado Modelo, while the larger car-ferry goes from about  north to Bom Despacho. The state of Bahia is considering constructing a ( bridge between Salvador and Itaparica.

Noted residents

One of its most famous citizens was Brazilian writer João Ubaldo Ribeiro.

References

Atlantic islands of Brazil
Landforms of Bahia
The 2019–20 New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball team represented New Mexico State University during the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Aggies were led by third-year head Chris Jans, and played their home games at the Pan American Center in Las Cruces, New Mexico as members of the Western Athletic Conference. They finished the season 25–6, 16–0 in WAC play to win the WAC regular season championship. They were set to be the No. 1 seed in the WAC tournament, however, the tournament was cancelled amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the WAC Tournament cancellation, they were awarded the WAC's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. However, the NCAA Tournament was also cancelled due to the same outbreak.

Previous season 
The Aggies finished the 2018–19 season 30–5, 15–1 in WAC play to win the WAC regular season championship. They defeated Chicago State, Texas-Rio Grande Valley, and Grand Canyon to win the WAC tournament. As a result, they received the WAC's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the first round to Auburn.

Roster

Schedule and results
Source:

|-
!colspan=9 style=| Non-conference regular season

|-
!colspan=9 style=| WAC Regular Season

|-
!colspan=9 style=| WAC tournament
|- style="background:#bbbbbb"
| style="text-align:center"|Mar 12, 20201:00 pm, ESPN+
| style="text-align:center"| (1)
| vs. (8) Chicago StateQuarterfinals
| colspan=5 rowspan=1 style="text-align:center"|Cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic
| style="text-align:center"|Orleans ArenaParadise, NV
|-

References

New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball seasons
New Mexico State
New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball
New Mexico State Aggies men's basketball
Anatinomma is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

 Anatinomma alveolatum Bates, 1892
 Anatinomma bispinosum Aurivillius, 1916
 Anatinomma brevicornis Fisher, 1944
 Anatinomma insularis Chemsak & Linsley, 1964

References

Hesperophanini
Cerambycidae genera
John Nutt was a 17th-century English pirate.

John Nutt may also refer to:

John Nutt (politician) (1605–1668), English Member of Parliament
John Nutt (printer) (died 1716), English printer and bookseller

See also
Nutt, a surname, including a list of people with the name
The barn, stable and granary at Cwrt y Brychan (Brecon Court), Llansoy, Monmouthshire are a range of farm buildings constructed in the 16th century. The origins are the site are ancient and the court is historically connected with the kingdom of Brycheiniog. The complex has a Grade II* listing, with the court having a separate Grade II listing.

History
Cadw records the "legendary" connection between the court and the Early Middle Ages kingdom of Brycheiniog which was located to the north of Monmouthshire in the southern part of the historic county of Brecknockshire. The court dates from the mid-16th century, and was in the ownership of the Nicholls family in the 17th and 18th centuries. The barn, stable and granary were constructed during the Nicholls' ownership. The architectural historian John Newman dates the barn to the 16th century  but Cadw suggests a slightly earlier date of the 15th century. Both agree that the stable and granary were later additions. The estate is recorded as being sold in 1901. The farmstead complex is listed Grade II*. The farmhouse, of what remains a privately-owned estate, has been "drastically modernized" but has a Grade II listing.

Architecture and description
Newman records the barn as having five bays, with a cruck-truss roof. Sir Cyril Fox and Lord Raglan, writing in the first volume of their three-volume study Monmouthshire Houses, describe four cruck-trusses but Cadw considers that they were in error, the building having only three. Fox and Raglan write that "nothing in medieval architecture prepares one for the massive dignity and functional simplicity of these constructions". The complex is constructed of rubble with a Welsh slate roof. The 17th century stable has some rare ovolo-moulded mullion windows.

Notes

References 
 
 

Grade II* listed buildings in Monmouthshire
Diego Camacho Quesada (born 3 October 1976) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

A late bloomer – he was still playing lower league football at almost 26 – he represented 12 clubs in his career. Over six seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 154 matches and four goals, mainly with Levante and Sporting de Gijón (two years apiece).

Club career
Born in Madrid, Camacho spent the early part of his career with modest clubs in the third division. For the 2002–03 season, however, he signed with La Liga side Recreativo de Huelva, from Granada CF; he made his debut in the competition on 14 September 2002 in a 0–3 away loss against Valencia CF, as Recre were finally relegated.

In 2004, Camacho joined newly promoted Levante UD and, after experiencing one top-flight promotion and relegation with them, he was loaned to another recently promoted team, Real Valladolid, for 2007–08. After appearing scarcely during the campaign he proceeded to move to Sporting de Gijón (also promoted to the top level), in a 1+1 years deal.

On 23 May 2009, in one of his 31 league appearances, defensive-minded Camacho scored a rare but crucial goal in a 2–1 win at former side Valladolid, as the Asturias team eventually avoided relegation. He featured slightly less in the following season with Sporting finishing in 15th position, again good enough to prevent a drop, and was released at the age of 33.

References

External links

1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Madrid
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
CD Móstoles footballers
CP Mérida footballers
Burgos CF footballers
Gimnàstic de Tarragona footballers
CD Lugo players
Real Murcia players
Gimnástica de Torrelavega footballers
Granada CF footballers
Recreativo de Huelva players
Levante UD footballers
Real Valladolid players
Sporting de Gijón players
Albacete Balompié players
The 1801 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania was held on December 17, 1801. George Logan was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.

Background
The Democratic-Republican Peter Muhlenberg was elected to the United States Senate by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, in February 1801. Sen. Muhlenberg resigned on June 30, 1801, after being appointed supervisor of revenue for Pennsylvania by President Thomas Jefferson.

Results
Following the resignation of Sen. Peter Muhlenberg, the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on December 17, 1801, to elect a new Senator to fill the vacancy. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:

|-
|-bgcolor="#EEEEEE"
| colspan="3" align="right" | Totals
| align="right" | 111
| align="right" | 100.00%
|}

References

External links
Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 from the Wilkes University Election Statistics Project

1801 special
Pennsylvania 1801
Pennsylvania special
United States Senate special
United States Senate 1801 special
Pennsylvania 1801
Giovanni Óscar Calderón Bassi (born 8 July 1971) is a Chilean politician and lawyer.

He is political commentator in the Radio Agricultura. Similarly, he has been columnist of La Tercera.

Early life
Calderón Bassi completed his primary and secondary studies at the Liceo Pedro Troncoso Machuca, the Escuela República de Colombia DN63 and at the Instituto Nacional General José Miguel Carrera. Then, he entered the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, where he did his BA in laws.

Political career
In 2009, Calderón Bassi was elected Deputy for 6th District for the period 2010−2012.

In the chamber, he was a member of the permanent Commissions of Constitution, Legislation and Justice and Citizen Security and Drugs. Similarly, Calderón Bassi was member of the Investigative Commissions on the Expenditure of Public Funds assigned to NGOs during 2006−2010, on Citizen Security during the 2010 Chilean earthquake and on the «Bombs Case».

References

External links
 Profile at Chamber of Deputies

1971 births
Living people
Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso alumni
Independent Democratic Union politicians
Pandurang Pundalik Fundkar (21 August 1950 – 31 May 2018), alias Bhausaheb Fundkar, was leader of opposition in Maharashtra Legislative Council in India. He was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party.

He was a member of 9th Lok Sabha (1989-1991), 10th Lok Sabha (1991-1996) and 11th Lok Sabha from Akola from Maharashtra. He was also former president of State BJP. He was born in 1950 in Buldhana. 

He was elected as member of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha from Khamgaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in 1978 and 1980. On July 8, 2016, he was sworn in as a Cabinet Minister in Devendra Fadnavis government.

He died on 31 May 2018 in Breach Candy hospital, Mumbai due to a massive heart attack.

References 

1950 births
2018 deaths
People from Buldhana district
Marathi politicians
India MPs 1989–1991
India MPs 1991–1996
India MPs 1996–1997
Members of the Maharashtra Legislative Council
Maharashtra MLAs 1978–1980
Maharashtra MLAs 1980–1985
People from Akola district
Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra
Leaders of the Opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Council
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra
Grace Baptist Christian School is a private Christian school located in Tifton, Georgia, United States.

Baptist schools in the United States
Christian schools in Georgia (U.S. state)
Schools in Tift County, Georgia
Tift County Schools
Private high schools in Georgia (U.S. state)
Private middle schools in Georgia (U.S. state)
Private elementary schools in Georgia (U.S. state)