Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Aphaenops is a genus of beetles in the family Carabidae, containing the following species:
All species in the genus are obligate troglobites, and each species is usually endemic to a single cave system; they are unpigmented, and have no functional eyes.
 Aphaenops abodiensis Dupre, 1988
 Aphaenops alberti Jeannel, 1939
 Aphaenops bessoni Cabidoche, 1962
 Aphaenops bonneti Foures, 1948
 Aphaenops bouilloni Coiffait, 1955
 Aphaenops bourdeaui Coiffait, 1976
 Aphaenops bucephalus Dieck, 1869
 Aphaenops carrerei Coiffait, 1953
 Aphaenops catalonicus Escola & Cancio, 1983
 Aphaenops cerberus Dieck, 1869
 Aphaenops chappuisi Coiffait, 1955
 Aphaenops cissauguensis Faille & Bourdeau, 2008
 Aphaenops coiffaitianus A. Gaudin, 1947
 Aphaenops crypticola Linder, 1859
 Aphaenops delbreili Genest, 1983
 Aphaenops eskualduna Coiffait, 1959
 Aphaenops fresnedai Faille & Bourdeau, 2011
 Aphaenops hidalgoi Espanol & Camas, 1985
 Aphaenops hustachei Jeannel, 1917
 Aphaenops jauzioni Faille, Deliot & Queinnec, 2007
 Aphaenops jeanneli Abeille da Perris, 1905
 Aphaenops laurenti Genest, 1983
 Aphaenops leschenaulti Bonvouloir, 1862
 Aphaenops linderi Jeannel, 1938
 Aphaenops loubensi Jeannel, 1953
 Aphaenops ludovici A. Gaudin, 1935
 Aphaenops mariaerosae Genest, 1983
 Aphaenops mensioni Mascaro, 1976
 Aphaenops michaeli Foures, 1954
 Aphaenops ochsi L. Gaudin, 1925
 Aphaenops orionis Fagniez, 1913
 Aphaenops parallelus Coiffait, 1955
 Aphaenops parvulus Faille, Bourdeau & Fresneda, 2010
 Aphaenops pluto Dieck, 1869
 Aphaenops queffelici Cabidoche, 1966
 Aphaenops rebereti A. Gaudin, 1947
 Aphaenops rhadamanthus Linden, 1860
 Aphaenops sioberae Foures, 1954
 Aphaenops tiresias Piochard de la Brulerie, 1872
 Aphaenops valleti Casale & Genest, 1986
 Aphaenops vandeli Foures, 1954

References
Al-Mamun Al Siyam () is a Bangladeshi film actor, known for the 2012 film Ghetu Putro Komola, which was selected as the Bangladeshi entry for the Best Foreign Language Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards, but it did not make the final shortlist. Mamun is the recipient of several accolades, including National Film Awards in 2012. He has worked in Indian films, predominantly in Hindi. Debuting with Bollywood film Ek villain as Aisha's friend in 2014 he has since then established a career in both Bengali and Hindi film industry.

Career
Mamun started acting debut with a television drama produced by telecommunication operator Airtel Bangladesh. In 2012 he drew a widespread attention through the lead role Ghetuputra in the film Ghetuputra Komola, produced and directed by Humayun Ahmed. His second film is Nishiddho Premer Golpo.

Filmography

Playback
 Abujh Bou (2010)
 Pahili Raja (2010)

Awards

References

External links
 
 

Living people
Male actors in Bengali cinema
Bengali male television actors
Best Child Artist National Film Award (Bangladesh) winners
1993 births
The Tornado World Championship are international sailing regattas in the Tornado class organized by the International Sailing Federation and the International Tornado class Association.

For the original open event, the most titles have been won by Australian sailor Darren Bundock, with seven titles between 1998 and 2009 and another two bronze medals. The second most titles have been won by Australian John Forbes, who has won six world titles and came 2nd twice, 3rd three times and a fourth, fifth and a sixth. The highest number of championships have been won by Australian sailors, with twelve titles, followed by British sailors, with six titles, and sailors from Germany, who have won five titles.

Between 1968 and 1998, eight people had won the Tornado World Championship twice. In 1998 John Forbes was the first person to win the Championship three times. 

The Tornado was an Olympic class from 1976 to 2008.

History
The first Tornado World Championship were held in Kiel in 1968.

Editions

All-time medal table

Open

Mixed

Medalists

Open

Mixed

Multiple medalists

Open

Mixed

See also
 ISAF Sailing World Championships
 International Sailing Federation

References

Tornado World Championship
Recurring sporting events established in 1968
Pirrie v McFarlane is a landmark decision of the High Court of Australia on Intergovernmental immunity between tiers of government in the Australian Constitution.

Facts 
 
The defendant Thomas McFarlane was prosecuted under sec. 6 of the Motor Car Act 1915 (Victoria) as he drove a motor-car upon a public highway without being licensed. McFarlane’s  defence was that as a duly enlisted member of the Royal Australian Air Force and that on the occasion in question he was on duty driving a car belonging to the Air Force, under orders from his superior officer, was thus on Air Force business.

The Police Magistrate dismissed the case, ruling that D'Emden v Pedder applied. The Supreme Court of Victoria declined to hear the case, as it involved a question as to the limits inter se of the constitutional powers of the State and the Commonwealth, leaving it to be considered by the High Court under s. 40A of the Judiciary Act 1903, which at that time stated:

Issues 
Three questions needed to be considered by the High Court, before the case could be reviewed:

Was s. 40A a valid exercise of the legislative power of the Commonwealth?
If so, was the application to the Supreme Court to make absolute the order nisi to review a "cause pending in the Supreme Court"?
If so, did there arise in that cause a question as to the limits inter se of the constitutional powers of the Commonwealth and those of a State?

Decision 
The High Court unanimously agreed that s. 40A was valid, and that the Court could properly deal with the appeal at hand. It also held, by 3-2, that the State road laws did apply, the majority finding that ‘a soldier is also a citizen’.

The minority relied partly on the exclusivity of the defence power, under Constitution s 51(vi), and partly on a perception that Commonwealth personnel generally have ‘special duties, rights and immunities that are outside the scope of ordinary citizenship.'

The finding retained the constitutional interpretation that both levels of government could be subject to interference  by the other, and that neither was absolutely immune from the other's laws. Knox CJ declared:

Aftermath
The case had also been appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which subsequently declined to pursue the matter, declaring that "the basis of the appeal has disappeared, and the other questions which are raised upon it, interesting as they might prove to be, have become academic so far as this case is concerned."

See also 
States rights

Henderson v Defence Housing Authority.

Further reading

References

Intergovernmental immunity in the Australian Constitution cases
High Court of Australia cases
1925 in case law
1925 in Australia
Marulan railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Main South line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the town of Marulan. It opened on 6 August 1868. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Platforms and services
Marulan has two side platforms and one dock platform. It is serviced by early morning and evening NSW TrainLink Southern Highlands Line services travelling between Sydney Central, Campbelltown, Moss Vale and Goulburn. A south facing dock platform was used to stable maintenance vehicles. It was removed when a pedestrian ramp was installed in April 2014.

During the day it is served by one NSW TrainLink road coach service in each direction between Moss Vale and Goulburn.

Description 

The station complex includes a type 1 brick combination station building and residence completed in 1867, with a verandah dating from 1874. The railway platform is faced in brick and dates from . A timber signal box situated on the platform, dating from  and the overbridge road at the Sydney end comprise part of the complex. A Goulburn works 20 ton weighbridge () 1923 is no longer extant, having been removed at an unknown date prior to September 2004.

Heritage listing 
Marulan is a rare surviving station dating from the opening of the line with relatively small changes to the fabric of the station building. Although much equipment at the site has been removed and there are only remnants of the goods yard surviving, the station building in particular is significant in understanding the development of railways and is a significant townscape and landscape element, particularly when viewed from the overbridge or the park in the main street. The residence and weighbridge add to the site, the weighbridge indicating the nature of the remainder of the yard now deserted with most facilities removed and the residence relating to the rear of the station building with its frontage to the main street.

Marulan railway station was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.

This item is assessed as historically rare. This item is assessed as arch. rare. This item is assessed as socially rare.

References

Attribution

External links

Marulan station details Transport for New South Wales

Easy Access railway stations in New South Wales
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1868
Regional railway stations in New South Wales
Short-platform railway stations in New South Wales, 2 cars
New South Wales State Heritage Register
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register
Marulan
Main Southern railway line, New South Wales
Homme au bain may refer to:

 Homme au bain (painting), a painting by the Impressionist Gustave Caillebotte.
 Man at Bath, a French film titled Homme au bain in its native language.
Tessa Khan is an environmental lawyer who lives in the United Kingdom. She co-founded and is co-director of the Climate Litigation Network, which supports legal cases related to climate change mitigation and climate justice.

Khan has argued that national governments have knowingly profited from raising carbon dioxide levels and caused damage to the environment, including as part of the globally important precedent Climate Case Ireland.

Biography 

Tessa Khan has been involved in human rights law and advocacy campaigning.

In Thailand she worked for a women's human-rights non-profit organization. While there in 2015 she learnt of a court ruling at The Hague ordering the Netherlands to reduce its greenhouse-gas emissions. Inspired by the case, Khan moved to London to join Urgenda Foundation's legal team in 2016.

Khan co-founded the Climate Litigation Network with Urgenda Foundation to support climate cases around the world. She serves as the Climate Litigation Network's co-director. Through the organization, she has successfully helped activist groups sue their own governments. It handles cases around the world, including Canada, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, and South Korea. 

She supported cases in The Netherlands and Ireland that successfully challenged the adequacy of government plans to reduce emissions. In December 2019, in the State of the Netherlands v. Urgenda Foundation case, the Supreme Court of the Netherlands ordered the government to scale back the capacity of coal power stations and oversee around €3 billion in investment for cutting carbon emissions. The win has been described by the Guardian as "the most successful climate lawsuit to date." 

In August 2020, in what is known as Climate Case Ireland, the Supreme Court of Ireland ruled that its government must make a new and more ambitious plan to cut carbon. Ireland ranks third in greenhouse  gas emissions per capita among European Union countries.

Tessa Khan received the Climate Breakthrough Award in 2018. Time included her in its 2019 list of 15 women leading the fight against climate change.

References 

English women lawyers
Women environmentalists
Climate change law
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Climate Breakthrough awardees
RC-48 was a steel roller coaster built by Pinfari. This ride is the only installation of the model ever produced, as Pinfari went bankrupt shortly after its release. The ride operated on Morey's Pier's Surfside Pier from 2000 until 2004. The RC-48 replaced the retired Jet Star attraction in 2000.

The RC-48 was purchased by Wade Shows, Inc.  During 2008, it was present at the Michigan State Fair, Oklahoma State Fair, North Carolina State Fair and perhaps others.  During February 2010 it was still traveling with Wade Shows when it appeared at the Florida State Fair.

Ride layout
The train makes a loose turn out of the station and up a steep 70-foot (21 m) lift hill. It then proceeds down a banked twisting drop and into the first of three over-banked curves. At the base of the third over-banked curve, the track stays moderately banked and around a 3.0 g helix. The track levels and pulls into the station.

Morey's Piers
Former roller coasters in New Jersey
Portable roller coasters
Julien Loy (born 1 February 1976) is a French triathlete.

He won the gold medal at the 2007 ITU Long Distance Triathlon World Championships in Lorient, becoming the world champion and beating his fellow countrymen Xavier Le Floch and Sebastien Berlier, who finished second and third, respectively. He also won the gold medal at the 2008 ITU Long Distance Triathlon World Championships in Almere, Netherlands.

References

External links
Official website

1976 births
Living people
French male triathletes
21st-century French people
20th-century French people
In marketing, ingredient branding or ingredient marketing refers to a process in which a company markets an established ingredient or component used in its own products. The overall marketing strategy seeks to signal a high-quality product based on the perception of the ingredient.

From the ingredient company's perspective, they are not required "to convince consumers that their product is valuable, their customers do it for them".

History 

Chipmaker Intel's 1991 "Intel Inside" marketing campaign was the first landmark ingredient branding success. It came about in the late 1980s when the abruptly rising interest in personal computers led to a huge demand for central processing units, (CPUs) which Intel took as an imperative to "explain the desirability of its products" to end users, not just the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). In addition to Intel's advertising for "Intel Inside", it subsidized OEMs that had agreed to include the Intel Inside logo on their products and ads.

Other examples of ingredient branding include:
 NutraSweet and Canderel, a brand name for the artificial sweetener Aspartame in the food industry (Coca-Cola lite)
 Teflon as a coating for pots and pans and Gore-Tex for sportswear (both products are brand names for polytetrafluoroethylene)
Makrolon, a plastic produced by Bayer MaterialScience
Bitrex, a bitter substance discovered by MacFarlan Smith Ltd.
 ClickTight as a car seat installation method by Britax
 Microban for anti-microbial technology or additives
 Dolby's Dolby Digital mark on cassette tape players

Marketing 
Ingredient branding cannot be allocated to either industrial or consumer goods marketing. The consumer is the end-user of the ingredient, but is not part of the buying decision for the component, as this is up to the producer of the end product. On the other hand, the producer will only decide on the usage of the ingredient—or at least take it into account in the communication policy—if the image of this ingredient will affect the consumer, meaning a positive influence on his or her buying decision.

Ingredient brands "complement other brands without conflict. They go inside and aren’t necessarily identifiable visually. Their quality message carries over to the brand they’re inside of."

Cooperative advertising 
Cooperative advertising may be used to incentivize the end-product manufacturer to advertise the ingredient, of which the "Intel Inside" campaign was a big example. In fact, by the end of 1992, over 500 OEMs had signed onto Intel's cooperative marketing program and 70% of OEM ads that could carry the "Intel Inside" logo did so.

See also
Co-branding

References

 Kotler, Philip; Pförtsch, Waldemar: Ingredient Branding – Making the Invisible Visible, Springer 2010 
 Esch, Franz-Rudolf: Strategie und Technik der Markenführung, Verlag Vahlen 2008
 Pförtsch, Waldemar; Müller, Indrajanto : Die Marke in der Marke - Bedeutung und Macht des Ingredient Branding, Springer 2006
 Havenstein, Moritz: Ingredient Branding, Deutscher Universitätsverlag 2004
 Malaval, Philippe: Strategy and Management of Industrial Brands Springer 2003

Brand management
Types of branding
Geek speak may refer to:
Leet
GeekSpeak, a California radio program
Żar may refer to:

 Żar, Łódź Voivodeship, village in Poland
 Żar (mountain), mountain in Poland

See also 
 Zar (disambiguation)
Alfred Asher Klein (May 12, 1861 – February 21, 1904) was an English-born stage actor, singer and comedian who appeared in operettas and musical theatre in America in the late 19th century.

Life and career
Klein was born in Norwich, England in 1861, and emigrated to the United States as a young man. He had five brothers: the dramatist Charles, the composer Manuel, the music critic Herman, the violinist Max, and Philip. They had a sister, Adelaide. His first appearances on stage included Sir Joseph in a juvenile production of H.M.S. Pinafore in 1879, and a role with the traveling company of Only a Farmer's Daughter around 1881.

Small in stature, Klein's notable roles included Buttons in The Rajah in 1883, where he had to fall into a tank of water in the third act.  In 1891, he appeared in the musical Wang with DeWolf Hopper, and in 1896 in the operetta El Capitan.

Klein died in Amityville, New York, on February 21, 1904, after a three-year illness, survived by his wife and two children.

Selected performances
 Only a Farmer's Daughter (c. 1881)
 Falka
 The Rajah as Buttons (1883)
 Wang as Pepat (1891)
 El Capitan as Señor Amabile Pozzo (1896)

References

External links

1861 births
1904 deaths
Actors from Norwich
American male stage actors
American people of Latvian-Jewish descent
English emigrants to the United States
English people of Latvian-Jewish descent
Jewish American male actors
19th-century American male actors
Strahm may refer to:
 Dale Strahm (born c. 1943), American football coach
 Dick Strahm (born 1934), American football coach
 Matt Strahm (born 1991), American baseball player
 Peter Strahm, a character in Saw
 Victor Herbert Strahm (1895–1957), World War I flying ace
The so-called Huastec State (Spanish: Estado Huasteco) is a regional separation movement comprising the regions of current Mexican states of San Luis Potosí, Veracruz and Tamaulipas (the integrity of the Huasteca region) to become number 32 in the states of the federation and the Federal District. During the twenty-first century the movement has taken hold in a peaceful way through the Chamber of Deputies.

The dream of creating the Huasteco State has been regarded as a utopia for the governors of three states adjacent, who are the main opponents to the project of creation of the federal entity number 32 of the United Mexican States. For the next autumn, the civilians seeking the means to integrate as a new entity, indigenous communities, farmers and citizens directly and indirectly apriban building project.

The main arguments are, the abandonment of the region by their state governments, cultural and racial integration which was divided by the region in the colonial and republican period. The reintegration of the Huasteca is considered  a historic debt that it has with the indigenous peoples of the region.

References 

History of Mexico
Proposed political divisions
The genus Passerina is a group of birds in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). Although not directly related to buntings in the family Emberizidae, they are sometimes known as the North American buntings (the North American Emberizidae are colloquially called "sparrows" although they are also not closely related to these birds).

The males show vivid colors in the breeding season; the plumage of females and immature birds is duller. These birds go through two molts in a year; the males are generally less colorful in winter. They have short tails and short slim legs. They have smaller bills than other Cardinalidae; they mainly eat seeds in winter and insects in summer.

The blue grosbeak (P. caerulea) was once placed in the monotypic genus, Guiraca.

Taxonomy and list of species
The genus Passerina was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot in 1816. The type species was designated in 1840 as the indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray. The genus name is from the Latin passerinus meaning "sparrow-like".

The genus contains 7 species:

References

 
Bird genera

Taxa named by Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot
Parliamentary elections were held in Abkhazia on 23 November 1996, with a second round on 7 December. There was also a simultaneous referendum held amongst Abkhazian Refugees.

Background
The election was held to replace the former Abkhaz Autonomous Republic's Supreme Soviet which had split during the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict in 1993 with 28 deputies continuing in Abkhazia as the Abkhaz Supreme Soviet. The remaining 24 formed a parliament in exile in Georgia.

However, international organisations and the most important international political leaders declared that the election would be invalid.

Electoral system
The elections were held using the two-round system; candidates had to receive over 50% of the vote in the first round to be elected, otherwise a second round would be held.

Voters could choose by crossing off all the names on the list of candidates that they didn't want to be the elected, except for the one they preferred.

Campaign
The number of registered candidates contesting the 35 seats was initially reported to be 85, three of whom being Georgian, later there were only 78 with 2 Georgians. All candidates ran as independents.

Results
Of the 35 seats, 30 were filled already in the first round.  These 30 MPs elected included 19 Abkhazians, four Russians, three Armenians, two Georgians, one Greek and one Kabardian. Voter turnout was reported to be 81%.

Referendum
In response to the elections, Georgia organised a referendum among refugees from Abkhazia, with polling stations opened in Moscow, St Petersburg, Podolsk and Sochi in Russia, Kyiv in Ukraine, Trabzon in Turkey, Minsk in Belarus, Yerevan in Armenia, as well as in Greece and Israel. The Georgian government stated that over 99% of refugees agreed that the elections were invalid until refugees were allowed to return and its political status as part of Georgia was agreed.

References

Parliamentary elections in Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Parliamentary
Non-partisan elections
Loralai Division is an administrative division of Balochistan Province, Pakistan. It was bifurcated from Zhob division in 2021. The division consists of Barkhan, Loralai, Musakhail and Duki districts.

References

Divisions of Balochistan