Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The Pontfadog Oak was a sessile oak tree (Quercus petraea) that stood on Cilcochwyn farm above the village of Pontfadog, in the Ceiriog Valley west of Chirk in the county borough of Wrexham, Wales, until it was blown over in the early hours of 18 April 2013. At the time it was reputed to be the oldest and largest oak tree in the United Kingdom.

Known as "Wales's national tree", its girth was over  in 1881.

In 1996 using Forestry Commission techniques, its age was estimated as between 1,181 and 1,628 years.

Recognition 
The oak was one of 50 Great British Trees selected by The Tree Council in 2002 to spotlight trees in Great Britain in honour of the Queen's Golden Jubilee, "in recognition of its place in the national heritage". It was one of just 74 trees described in the 2012 book Heritage Trees Wales, published in association with The Tree Council and with support from the Countryside Council for Wales and Forestry Commission Wales.

Clones 
In 2013, The Crown Estate propagated a sapling from the original tree and planted it in Windsor Great Park.

A further five saplings have been cloned from the Pontfadog Oak, three of which will be planted at the National Botanic Garden of Wales, with the other two going to sites near Pontfadog; one at Chirk Castle and the other at Erddig, as part of a woodland memorial to those who died during the COVID-19 pandemic.

See also
 List of Great British Trees

Notes

References 

Individual oak trees
Wrexham County Borough
Individual trees in Wales
2010s individual tree deaths
Kogiopsis is a genus of Middle Miocene cetacean from the family Kogiidae.  Kogiopsis had very long teeth,  long, without root. These teeth are found mostly in Florida and South Carolina.  In addition to its teeth, Kogiopsis is known primarily from mandibles.  The anatomy of the teeth and lower jaws are similar to those of the extinct sperm whale genus, Orycterocetus.

References

External links
http://www.fossilsonline.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=415 
http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=36745
http://www.blackriverfossils.org/Portals/0/Product/ditchweezil/DSC00746.JPG

Miocene cetaceans
Fossil taxa described in 1929
Sperm whales
Prehistoric toothed whales
Prehistoric monotypic mammal genera
Miocene mammals of North America
Taxa named by Remington Kellogg
Beaverton is a ghost town in Rawlins County, Kansas, United States.

History
Initially, the community was known as Bird, which was issued a post office in 1880 and a month later changed the name to Beaverton. The post office was discontinued in 1900.

References

Further reading

External links
 Rawlins County maps: Current, Historic, KDOT

Former populated places in Rawlins County, Kansas
Former populated places in Kansas
1880 establishments in Kansas
Populated places established in 1880
Svein "Kvien" Kvia (27 September 1947 – 2 February 2005) was a Norwegian footballer who spent his entire career at Viking F.K., where he was one of the club's most successful players of all time.

Between 1965 and 1980, Kvia played 551 times for the Viking first team, of which 293 matches (27 goals) were in league competition. This was an all-time club record at the time, which was broken by André Danielsen in 2018. Kvia also played 38 caps for the Norwegian national team between 1969 and 1976, scoring 3 goals. 

Kvia helped Viking win the national junior championships in 1965, and he was a central figure in the team that won four straight league titles between 1972 and 1975. He was also captain of the side that clinched The Double of league and cup in 1979. In addition, Kvia won league bronze medals in 1968, 1971 and 1978. Kvia was also manager of the Viking first team on three separate occasions, in 1977, 1984 and 1986–87. In the 1990s, he served as the club's director for several years.

Kvia was voted Norwegian footballer of the year in 1976, and he was voted midfielder of the year five times in the period 1971–76. In 1989 Kvia was proclaimed honorary member of Viking. He died at the age of 57 from brain cancer.

References 
 Svein Kvia er død
 Career stats

1947 births
2005 deaths
Footballers from Stavanger
Norwegian men's footballers
Norway men's international footballers
Viking FK players
Norwegian football managers
Viking FK managers
Norwegian sports executives and administrators
Deaths from brain tumor
Deaths from cancer in Norway
Men's association football midfielders
Rifai Raatheeb is a ritual performed by a section of Ahmed ar-Rifa'i. Rifai is a name that originates from Sufi saint Ahmed-Al-Kabeer who was born in the Wasit region in Baghdad, Iraq in 1118. Shaikh Rifai committed himself to memorise the Quran at age seven.

Ritual 
He founded the Rifai Sufi Order. Rifai Ratheeb, which is performed at ritual festivals and homes. The ritual is performed to defeat incurable diseases and to fulfill the aspirations of the faithful. It is the pilgrimage of Shaykh Ahmad Rifai. However, no authentic source confirms this origin.

The ritual involves piercing the body without pain, immunity to snake and fire and riding of wild animals. Piercing affects the tongue, the ear and the stomach. Knives and steel tools are used.

Hymns known as Byths or Ratheebs are sung. (More than twenty such byths are used)

The followers of the ritual believe that even though injuries are inflicted on the bodies of the performers by weapons, these do not cause pain or damage the body. They believe that since the ritual is performed by devotees who have received ijazath (permission) from their sheikh, it will not cause injuries.

While followers of the ritual portray  Rifai Ratib  as folk art, revivalist as well as reformist movements in maintain that this ritual is effective

References 

Rituals
Mappilas
Aegires albus is a species of sea slug, a nudibranch, a marine, opisthobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Aegiridae. Its synonym Anaegires protectus Odhner, 1934 is the type species of the genus Anaegires Odhner, 1934 which was merged with Aegires by Wägele in 1987.

Distribution
This species was described from Antarctica. It has only been reported from the Antarctic Peninsula, Weddell Sea and Ross Sea.

Description
Aegires albus was redescribed by Wägele (1987) and by Troncoso et al. (1996).

References

Aegiridae
Gastropods described in 1912
Valentine Nonyela (born 23 September 1969) is a Nigerian–British actor. He appeared in many TV programmes of the late 1980s and 1990s, including  BBC television series South of the Border, The Bill, London's Burning, Holby City and A Touch of Frost. Apart from his career in the television industry, he also co-starred in several films, like the Isaac Julien film Young Soul Rebels and the James Bond film Casino Royale. He recently appeared in ITV's House Guest In The Sun, saying that he lives in Cyprus with his wife and two children named Ramai Nonyelu and Arinze-tross Nonyelu.Currently working in isop< (Ksenia malevankina)ref>House Guest In The Sun Homepage</ref>

Filmography

References

 Queer looks: perspectives on lesbian and gay film and video by Marthe Geven, Pratibha parmar, John Greyson 1993

External links

Photograph

1970 births
British male television actors
Living people
British male film actors
Hubert Daix (1889–1960) was a Belgian film actor.

Selected filmography
 Prince Jean (1928)
 Not So Stupid (1928)
 The Marriage of Mademoiselle Beulemans (1927)
 The Maelstrom of Paris (1928)
 The Ladies in the Green Hats (1929)
 Everybody Wins (1930)
 The Shark (1930)
 The Road to Paradise (1930)
 The Sweetness of Loving (1930)
 The Night at the Hotel (1932)
 Monsieur Albert (1932)
 The Beautiful Sailor (1932)
 Tossing Ship (1932)
 The Marriage of Mademoiselle Beulemans (1950)

References

Bibliography
 Goble, Alan. The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film. Walter de Gruyter, 1999.

External links

1889 births
1960 deaths
Belgian male film actors
Belgian male silent film actors
20th-century Belgian male actors
Male actors from Brussels
West District () is a district of Taichung, Taiwan. It is the second smallest district in Taichung City after Central District. Former Taichung City Hall and part of Taichung City Government offices are located in this district.

History
The district used to be part of Taichung provincial city before the merger with Taichung County to form Taichung special municipality on 25 December 2010.

Division
The West District of Taichung is divided into 25 Li (里):

Education
 National Taichung University of Education

Tourism

Historic sites
 Shenji New Village
 Taichung Shiyakusho
 Taichung Prefectural Hall
 Taichung City Hall
 Datun Region Hall
 Taichung Takenori Hall
 National Taichung University of Education Administrative Building
 Datung Elementary School Administrative Building
 Sun Li-jen Former Residence
 Lin Chih-Chu Studio

Museums and arts
 National Museum of Natural Science
 National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts
 Taichung City Dadun Cultural Center
 Taichung Literature Museum
 Taichung Municipal Cultural Center (台中市立文化中心)
 Tea Street (精明一街)
 Dalu Road Commercial District
 Calligraphy Greenway

See also
 Taichung

References

External links

  

Districts of Taichung
My Best Friend's Wife () is a 1998 Italian comedy film written and directed by Vincenzo Salemme, adapted from his play.

It marked the directorial film debut of Salemme, and enjoyed a considerable commercial success.

Plot 
Roberto Cordova is a  middle-aged Neapolitan doctor who has to go to America for a major surgery. He is afraid he will die, so asks his friend Michele to let him sleep with his beautiful Swedish wife, Frida, as his last wish. Michele loves Frida, but agrees, and so does Frida. 

Roberto's operation succeeds and he survives, but seven  months later he discovers that Frida is pregnant.

Cast 
Vincenzo Salemme as Roberto Cordova
Carlo Buccirosso as Michele Seta
Maurizio Casagrande as Father Leonardo
Eva Herzigová as Frida
Nando Paone as Geremia  
Biagio Izzo as Gioacchino

References

External links

1998 films
Italian comedy films
1998 comedy films
1998 directorial debut films
Films directed by Vincenzo Salemme
1990s Italian films
Bacadéhuachi () is a village in Bacadéhuachi Municipality in the northeast of the Mexican state of Sonora.  It is 269 kilometers northeast of the state capital, Hermosillo.

Origin of the name and history
The name is derived from the Opata language with the roots "Baca", reed, "degua", entrance, door, and "tzi", place; "In the place of the reed".

Previously this area was inhabited by Opata settlements. Bacadéhuachi was founded in 1645 by the Jesuit missionary Cristóbal García as a Jesuit mission, named Mission San Luis Gonzága de Bacadéhuachi.

In 1930, the municipality of Bacadéhuachi was incorporated into the municipality of Bacerac, but in 1931, it was considered as a separate municipality, and the town of Bacadéhuachi was named as head municipal.

Geography
The region is semi-arid and lies in the foothills of the Sierra Madre Occidental.  The main river is the Bavispe.  There are pine forests in the mountainous areas and wildlife is abundant.  Mammals still present are deer, puma, lynx, coyote, jaguar, mapache, and skunk.  Some of the birds are the owl, nightingale, buzzard, and eagle.

Population decrease
The population has decreased since the last census in 1995 when  there were 1,380 inhabitants.  Scarce  economic opportunities have caused many young people to emigrate.  The population density is extremely low, with 0.88 inhabitants per square kilometer.

Economy
The economy is almost entirely based on agriculture and cattle raising, both of which are poorly developed due to the shortage of water.  There were approximately 11,000 head of cows in 2005.

References

External links
Bacadéhuachi, Ayuntamiento Digital (Official WebSite of Bacadéhuachi, Sonora)
A Motorcycle Trip Through the Area
Enciclopedia de los Municipios de Mexico
INEGI
Municipios de Sonora
Sonora, Mexico
Sonora Turismo
Gobierno de Sonora

Populated places in Sonora
Paraburkholderia nodosa is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules from roots of Mimosa bimucronata and Mimosa scabrella.

References

nodosa
Bacteria described in 2007
Etorki is a firm cheese made in the French Basque country, at Mauléon-Licharre in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department. It is made from pasteurized sheep milk and pulp pressed, not cooked, then matured for seven weeks.

Etorki is produced in ten-inch by four-inch cylinders weighing ten pounds. Cheese critics describe Etorki as "smooth, supple, and velvety."

See also
 List of sheep milk cheeses

References 

French cheeses
Sheep's-milk cheeses
Domnonée is the modern French form of Domnonia or Dumnonia (Latin for "Devon"; ), a historic kingdom in northern Armorica (Brittany) founded by British immigrants from Dumnonia (Sub-Roman Devon) fleeing the Saxon invasions of Britain in the early Middle Ages. Headed by the same ruling family, it was variously separated from or united with its motherland, and its Latin name was used for both indiscriminately. The mainland territory of Domnonée included Trégor, Dol-de-Bretagne through to Goélo, and Penthièvre.

History
At the time of the Roman conquest of Gaul, the rough area of later Domnonée was held by the pagan Curiosolite Gauls. Domnonée is said to have been founded in the 4th century by Christian Briton immigrants; it greatly expanded in the wake of subsequent waves of refugees from the Saxon invasions of Britain. Domnonée retained close political links between the Celtic territories in Great Britain (Wales, Cornwall, Devon), and the newly created Brittany. Many kings, princes, clerics and other leaders came over from Great Britain. The sea was a unifying rather than divisive factor. In the traditions relating to the settlement of Brittany by the Bretons there are several kingdoms of this kind. A number of legends and lives of Breton saints contain references to the close political ties between religious communities in Wales and Brittany. The close proximity resulted in possessions on both sides of the Channel by some religious orders. For example, the Abbey of Notre-Dame de Beauport, before Henry VIII, had parishes on the coast of Goélo and in Devon.

It has been suggested that the British and Breton branches were unified for a period. Conomor, who was killed fighting Clotaire I, king of the Franks, is referred to in stories from both Great Britain and Brittany. He would have been a British military leader who was guarding the English Channel from attacks by pirates, perhaps in alliance with Childebert I, son of Clovis I.

In 1034, the term was used to designate the comté of Penthièvre said to be the preserve of Eudes, second son of Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany. The name disappeared shortly after.

History of the Principality of Dumnonia or Domnonée
Situated to the north east of Brittany, the earliest princes are mentioned in several Lives of the Saints.
The three Armorican principalities were all subservient to the King of Brittany. Until the reign of Jonas, the rulers of Domnonia were titled princes. After that, they supply the Kings of the Bretons, and Domnonia itself was elevated as a result.

List of rulers
St. Fracan
Riwal I.
Conan
?–513: Conothec
513–520: Riwal II, brother of Saint Pompeia of Langoat
520–530: Deroch
530–535: Riathen
535–540: Jonas
540: St. Judual
540-554: Conomor, regent and usurper
554–580: St. Judual (again)
580–605: St. Judhael
605–610: Judicaël († 652)
610–615: Haeloch
615–640: Judicael (again; † 652)

References

Medieval Brittany
States and territories established in the 4th century
States and territories disestablished in the 1030s
Dumnonia
Geography of Brittany
History of Devon
Barbarian kingdoms
Armorica
Laura Närhi (born 19 January 1978) is a Finnish pop singer. The lead singer of Kemopetrol, she started a solo career and her debut solo album Suuri sydän was released in August 2010 and has sold over 30,000 copies in Finland. It peaked at number three on the Finnish Albums Chart.

Discography

Albums 
2010 Suuri sydän
2012 Tuhlari
2020 Vastavoimat

Singles 
2002: "Kuutamolla (Se ei mee pois)"
2010: "Jää mun luo"
2010: "Tämä on totta"
2010: "Mä annan sut pois" I'll let you go
2011: "Kaksi irrallaan" Two Untethered
2012: "Hetken tie on kevyt"
2012: "Tuhlari"
2012: "Siskoni" My Sister (featuring Erin)
2017: "Olet mulle se"

References

External links 

  

21st-century Finnish women singers
Finnish pop singers
People from Kirkkonummi
1978 births
Living people
Weapon is an EP by Six Finger Satellite, released in 1991 through Sub Pop.

Track listing

Personnel 
Six Finger Satellite
Chris Dixon – bass guitar
John MacLean – guitar
Richard D. Pelletier – drums
Peter Phillips – guitar, additional vocals
Jeremiah Ryan – vocals
Additional musicians and production
Tim O'Heir – production
Six Finger Satellite – production

References

External links 
 

1991 EPs
Six Finger Satellite albums
Sub Pop EPs
A multiresolution analysis (MRA) or multiscale approximation (MSA) is the design method of most of the practically relevant discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and the justification for the algorithm of the fast wavelet transform (FWT). It was introduced in this context in 1988/89 by Stephane Mallat and Yves Meyer and has predecessors in the microlocal analysis in the theory of differential equations (the ironing method) and the pyramid methods of image processing as introduced in 1981/83 by Peter J. Burt, Edward H. Adelson and James L. Crowley.

Definition
A multiresolution analysis of the Lebesgue space  consists of a sequence of nested subspaces

that satisfies certain self-similarity relations in time-space and scale-frequency, as well as completeness and regularity relations.

 Self-similarity in time demands that each subspace Vk is invariant under shifts by integer multiples of 2k. That is, for each  the function g defined as  also contained in .
 Self-similarity in scale demands that all subspaces  are time-scaled versions of each other, with scaling respectively dilation factor 2k-l. I.e., for each  there is a  with .
 In the sequence of subspaces, for k>l the space resolution 2l of the l-th subspace is higher than the resolution 2k of the k-th subspace. 
 Regularity demands that the model subspace V0 be generated as the linear hull (algebraically or even topologically closed) of the integer shifts of one or a finite number of generating functions  or . Those integer shifts should at least form a frame for the subspace , which imposes certain conditions on the decay at infinity. The generating functions are also known as scaling functions or father wavelets. In most cases one demands of those functions to be piecewise continuous with compact support.
 Completeness demands that those nested subspaces fill the whole space, i.e., their union should be dense in , and that they are not too redundant, i.e., their intersection should only contain the zero element.

Important conclusions 
In the case of one continuous (or at least with bounded variation) compactly supported scaling function with orthogonal shifts, one may make a number of deductions. The proof of existence of this class of functions is due to Ingrid Daubechies.

Assuming the scaling function has compact support, then  implies that there is a finite sequence of coefficients  for , and  for , such that
 

Defining another function, known as mother wavelet or just the wavelet

one can show that the space , which is defined as the (closed) linear hull of the mother wavelet's integer shifts, is the orthogonal complement to  inside . Or put differently,  is the orthogonal sum (denoted by ) of  and . By self-similarity, there are scaled versions  of  and by completeness one has

thus the set

is a countable complete orthonormal wavelet basis in .

See also
Multigrid method
Multiscale modeling
Scale space
Time–frequency analysis
Wavelet

References 

 
 
 Crowley, J. L., (1982). A Representations for Visual Information, Doctoral Thesis, Carnegie-Mellon University, 1982.
 
 

Time–frequency analysis
Wavelets
Rabih Alameddine (; born 1959) is an American painter and writer. His 2021 novel The Wrong End of the Telescope won the 2022 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction.

Early life
Alameddine was born in Amman, Jordan to Lebanese Druze parents (Alameddine himself is an atheist). He grew up in Kuwait and Lebanon, which he left at age 17 to live first in England and then in California. He earned a degree in engineering from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and a Master of Business in San Francisco. Alameddine is gay.

Career
Alameddine began his career as an engineer, then moved to writing and painting. His debut novel Koolaids, which touched on both the AIDS epidemic in San Francisco and the Lebanese Civil War, was published in 1998 by Picador. The author of six novels and a collection of short stories, Alameddine was the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2002. He has lived in San Francisco and Beirut and currently teaches at the University of Virginia's creative writing program.

In 2014, Alameddine was a finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award and he won the California Book Awards Gold Medal Fiction for An Unnecessary Woman. Alameddine is best known for this novel, which tells the story of Aaliya, a Lebanese woman and translator living in war-torn Lebanon. The novel "manifests traumatic signposts of the [Lebanese] civil war, which make it indelibly situational, and accordingly latches onto complex psychological issues."

In 2017, Alameddine won the Arab American Book Award and the Lambda Literary Award for Gay Fiction for The Angel of History.

He was shortlisted for the 2021 Sunday Times Short Story Award for his story, "The July War".

The Wrong End of the Telescope won the 2022 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction.

Works 
 Koolaids: The Art of War (1998)
 The Perv: Stories (1999)
 I, the Divine: A Novel in First Chapters (2001)
 The Hakawati (2008) 
 An Unnecessary Woman (2014)
 The Angel of History: A Novel (2016)
 The Wrong End of the Telescope (2021)

References

External links 

 
 Rabih Alameddine on Red Room

Lebanese emigrants to the United States
1959 births
Living people
Artists from Beirut
Lebanese atheists
UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Postmodern writers
American Druze
Writers from San Francisco
Painters from San Francisco
Lebanese gay men
American gay artists
American gay writers
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American male novelists
American short story writers
American LGBT novelists
American LGBT painters
Jordanian artists
Jordanian people of Lebanese descent
Lebanese contemporary artists
American male short story writers
Gay novelists
Gay painters
Prix Femina Étranger winners
Lambda Literary Award for Gay Fiction winners
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers
20th-century American male artists
21st-century American male artists
People from Amman
Writers from Beirut
Antal Vetter () was a Hungarian general known for his participation in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

References

1803 births
1882 deaths
People of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
19th-century Hungarian people
Hungarian soldiers
Austrian soldiers
Chris Tarry (born 24 August 1970) is a Canadian bass guitarist who is a member of the band Metalwood. Since 1993 he has led the Chris Tarry Group.

Discography

As leader
 Unition (Adam, 1996)
 Sponge with Dylan van der Schyff (Spool, 1998)
 Project 33 (Black Hen, 2002)
 Sorry to Be Strange (Cellar Live, 2006)
 Almost Certainly Dreaming (Nineteen-eight, 2008)

As sideman
With Metalwood
 Metalwood (Maximum, 1997)
 2 (Maximum, 1998)
 The Recline (Telarc, 2001)
 Twenty (Cellar Live, 2016)

With Peggy Lee Band
 The Peggy Lee Band (Spool, 1999)
 Sounds from the Big House (Spool, 2002)

References

External links
Official site
Interview

1970 births
Canadian expatriate musicians in the United States
Canadian jazz bass guitarists
Juno Award for Contemporary Jazz Album of the Year winners
Living people
People from Swift Current
21st-century Canadian bass guitarists
Black Hen Music artists