Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The  20 cm/12 short naval gun was a naval gun used by the Imperial Japanese Navy to defend merchant ships and land bases during World War II.

History
Since Japan is an island nation with relatively few resources it relied upon a large merchant fleet to import the resources needed for its industry and economy.  As Japanese shipping losses mounted during the latter half of World War II the Japanese began to organize their shipping into escorted convoys and they began arming their merchant ships to defend against attacks from Allied surface combatants, submarines and carrier-based aircraft.  The 20 cm/12 short naval gun was a multi-purpose gun introduced during 1943 which combined the roles of naval gun, anti-aircraft gun, coastal defense gun, and anti-submarine gun.

Design 
The 20 cm/12 short naval gun was an autofretted monoblock gun with an interrupted screw breech that fired separate loading cased charges and projectiles.  The trunnioned gun barrel had a hydro-spring recoil mechanism above and below the barrel and was mounted on a center pivot H/A L/A gun mount.  The gun was normally mounted on merchant ships above 5,000 GRT and its large projectile would have been capable of destroying an enemy submarine making a surface attack.      

The gun also saw use on land as a coastal defense gun on hills overlooking Japanese harbors and installations or as an anti-aircraft gun.  In the anti-aircraft role, a group of four guns shared a central range and height finder for barrage fire against level bombers.  It was described as heavy and its 8° a second elevation/traverse was considered slow so its ability to track small fast moving targets such as dive bombers, torpedo bombers, and fighters was probably limited.  It is credited with being able to fire five rounds per minute but that is probably optimistic because the projectiles were heavy and the gun needed to be loaded at +10° between shots.

Ammunition 
The projectiles were propelled by a  bagged charge inside a separate loading brass or steel cartridge case.  In addition to the types listed below there may have been anti-submarine, armor-piercing, illumination, and incendiary ammunition.

Similar weapons 

12 cm/12 short naval gun - A similar Japanese anti-submarine gun which fired fixed QF ammunition.
BL 7.5-inch naval howitzer - A British anti-submarine gun used during the latter half of World War I.
 8 inch Mark 7 & Mark 8 - Two American anti-submarine guns designed late in World War I that never entered service.

Gallery

References

Bibliography

External links

Naval guns of Japan
203 mm artillery
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1943
Margaret Pellegrini ( Williams; September 23, 1923 – August 7, 2013) was an American actress, vaudeville performer and dancer, best known for playing one of the Munchkins from the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. Until her death in 2013, she was one of the three surviving munchkins, the other two being Jerry Maren and Ruth Robinson Duccini.

Biography 
Pellegrini was born Margaret Williams in Tuscumbia, Alabama. When she was helping a relative in a potato chip booth at the Tennessee State Fair, a group of little people came by and asked if she wanted to join their show, Henry Kramer's Midgets. "At that time I didn't think I was a midget," says Pellegrini (who then stood about ). In the film, Pellegrini played a "sleepyhead" flower pot and Munchkin villager. After the film, she married Willie Pellegrini (an average-sized ex-fighter) and had two children. Through the years, Pellegrini frequently appeared at surviving Munchkins of Oz festivities.

Munchkins Walk of fame 

Pellegrini was present on November 21, 2007, when the remaining Munchkins were given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She was also named the Grand Marshal of this year's annual "Oz-Stravaganza" parade in Chittenango, New York, but health issues prevented her from attending. Near the time of her death, she was described as a widowed great-great-grandmother living in Glendale, Arizona, with a room in her house devoted to her treasured Oz collectibles.

Death
Pellegrini died on August 7, 2013, in Glendale, Arizona, due to complications from a stroke she had two days earlier. She outlived every major cast member of The Wizard of Oz. She was 89. Her burial is at Holy Cross Cemetery in Avondale, Arizona.

Filmography

References

External links

Actors with dwarfism
American actors with disabilities
Actresses from Alabama
American film actresses
People from Tuscumbia, Alabama
1923 births
20th-century American actresses
2013 deaths
Vaudeville performers
21st-century American women
is a large fossil-fuel thermal power station operated by Tohoku Electric in the town of Seirō, Niigata, Japan. The facility is located on the Sea of Japan coast and is adjacent to Niigata Higashi Port.

History
The Higashi Niigata Thermal Power Station started operations in November 1972. A total of six units (18 generators) were constructed, making it the largest thermal power plant operated by Tohoku Electric and one of the largest in Japan. It was originally supplied by domestic natural gas from the Ago-oki oil and gas field offshore Niigata Prefecture, but since 1998 has been supplied by an LNG terminal installed in the adjacent port area. The Niigata Thermal Power Station and the Shin Sendai Thermal Power Station are also supplied from this facility.

Minato Unit 1 and Port Unit 2 were constructed in 1972 and 1975 as a joint venture between Tohoku Electric and Nippon Light Metals. Unit 1 and Unit 2 (online from 1977 and 1983) are standard fossil-fuel burning steam turbine driven power plants. Unit 3 (on-line 1984 and 1985) is a 1100 deg C-class multi-turbine combined cycle (CC) plant and has Tohoku Electric's first waste heat recovery system employing three gas turbines and one steam turbine per system. Unit 4 (on-line 1999 and 2006) is a 1400 deg C class multi-turbine More Advanced Combined Cycle (MACC) system, with two gas turbines and one steam turbine per system.

Due to power shortages in the grid caused by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami in March 2011, two emergency generation systems were installed as a temporary measure, but were dismantled in 2015.

Plant details

See also 

 Energy in Japan
 List of power stations in Japan

External links
Tohoku Electric list of major power stations

Buildings and structures in Niigata Prefecture
1971 establishments in Japan
Natural gas-fired power stations in Japan
Oil-fired power stations in Japan
Seirō, Niigata
Energy infrastructure completed in 1971
Giovanni Battista Galliadi (Sant'Arcangelo di Romagna, 1751–1811) was an Italian painter, mainly of portraits and genre subjects. He studied under Guido Reni.

References

1751 births
1811 deaths
18th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
19th-century Italian painters
19th-century Italian male artists
Painters from Bologna
18th-century Italian male artists
Cavognathidae is a family of beetles, in the superfamily Cucujoidea. It contains a single genus, Taphropiestes (Reitter 1875) (= Neocercus Broun, 1921, Cavognatha Crowson 1964 and Zeonidicola Crowson, 1973) with around a dozen species known from South America, Australia and New Zealand. In Australian and New Zealand species adults and larvae have been found living in bird nests, but their ecology is unclear, but they are possibly scavengers.

References

Cucujoidea families
Come Play with Me is an album by saxophonist Charles McPherson which was recorded in 1995 and released on the Arabesque label.

Reception

The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow said "Although he had rarely played with any of the sidemen heard on his Arabesque release before, the quartet presents a unified sound, as if they were a regularly working group. ... no matter what the vehicle, McPherson is in top form throughout this fine date and he sounds clearly inspired".

Track listing
All compositions by Charles McPherson except where noted
 "Get Happy" (Harold Arlen, Ted Koehler) – 4:43
 "Lonely Little Christmas" – 9:16
 "Marionette" – 6:51
 "Pretty Girl Blues" – 7:18
 "Darn That Dream" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Eddie DeLange) – 6:35
 "Bloomdido" (Charlie Parker) – 5:54
 "Jumping Jack" – 7:13
 "Fun House" – 5:43
 "Blues for Camille" – 7:13

Personnel
Charles McPherson – alto saxophone
Mulgrew Miller – piano
Santi Debriano – double bass
Lewis Nash – drums

References

Arabesque Records albums
Charles McPherson (musician) albums
1995 albums
In procurement of goods or services, the bid and proposal (B&P) are a firm's plan (proposal) and proposed cost (bid) for fulfilling the conditions outlined in a request for proposal or other information gathering or supplier contact activity. The development of a bid and proposal takes place early in the procurement process, and the resulting proposal will be subject to review by the purchaser and negotiation between the two parties. Developing a bid and proposal takes place before a contract vehicle is in place, meaning that firms undertake the costly tasks of proposal-writing and cost estimation before they are awarded a contract. Often in official use of these two terms, a "bid" supposes the limits or scope of work is similar, and usually the lowest bid is awarded work, especially in government contracts. Proposals mean the entity is fully aware of the details and that the scope of work may vary, and the work is awarded to the best "plan" rather than simply the lowest price. Quality and quantity are more of a consideration when proposals are taken seriously as opposed to the lowest "bid."

References

Procurement
Ladewig is a German language surname. It stems from the male given name Ludwig – and may refer to:
Marion Ladewig (1914–2010), American ten-pin bowler
Wilhelm Ladewig (1906–1979), German athlete

References

See also 
Ladwig

German-language surnames
Surnames from given names
In heraldry, an armiger is a person entitled to use a heraldic achievement (e.g., bear arms, an "armour-bearer") either by hereditary right, grant, matriculation, or assumption of arms. Such a person is said to be armigerous; a family or a clan likewise.

Etymology
The Latin word armiger literally means "arms-bearer". In high and late medieval England, the word referred to an esquire attendant upon a knight, but bearing his own unique armorial device.

Armiger was also used as a Latin cognomen, and is now found as a rare surname in English-speaking countries.

Modern period
Today, the term armiger is well-defined only within jurisdictions, such as Canada, the Republic of Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom, where heraldry is regulated by the state or an heraldic body, such as the College of Arms, the Chief Herald of Canada, the Court of the Lord Lyon or the Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland. A person can be so entitled either by proven (and typically agnatic) descent from a person with a right to bear a heraldic achievement, or by virtue of a grant of arms to himself. Merely sharing the same family name of an armiger is insufficient.

Most of the time, the usage of a heraldic achievement is governed by legal restrictions; these restrictions are independent of the copyright status and independent of a coat of arms depiction. A coat of arms represents its owner. Though it can be freely represented, it cannot be appropriated, or used in such a way as to create a confusion with or a prejudice to its owner.

In the Netherlands, titles of nobility are regulated by law but heraldry is not. In Sweden and Finland the nobility has had, since 1762, the prerogative to use an open helmet, while others use a closed helmet.

Further reading

See also
 
 Armigerous clan

References

External links

Heraldry
Heraldry and law
Nadine Senior, MBE (born Nadine Pickles; 4 October 1939 – 28 January 2016) was the founding principal of the Northern School of Contemporary Dance in Leeds, England.

Personal life
Senior was born Nadine Pickles, in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, on 4 October 1939. She attended Friarage School and the Scarborough Convent Grammar School, and then studied at a college in Leeds.

Professional life

In the late 1950s she had encountered the work of Rudolf von Laban while at teacher training college, and she went on to apply his ideas while teaching PE and holding the position of deputy headmistress at Harehills Middle School in Harehills, Leeds. She introduced all the pupils to dance, saying that "Children are natural movers,"  and "Dance is one of the few art forms where they have the edge over adults, and they can relate to it immediately." 

Forty of her pupils, mostly male, became professional dancers, including the group of young men who moved on to Intake High School and later formed the Phoenix Dance Theatre and the award-winning choreographer Darshan Singh Bhuller, who would become the company's artistic director.

In 1985 she established the Northern School of Contemporary Dance, which offers degree and postgraduate courses in dance, and also youth and community courses.  She retired in 2001, and was Chair of the Trustees of Phoenix Dance Theatre for the next six years.

She was awarded an MBE for services to dance.

References

1939 births
2016 deaths
Dance teachers
People from Scarborough, North Yorkshire
is the producer of Sony Interactive Entertainment's Product Development Department #1 division.

Kaido started his videogaming career at Taito in 1987, where he worked as project leader and lead game designer on arcade titles Bonze Adventure, Night Striker, Champion Wrestler, Cameltry, Sonic Blast Man, Warrior Blade and Dead Connection.

Kaido then changed departments to work on the world's very first Home Karaoke Console, the X55 (presently called MEDIA BOX) from its very beginnings. In 1996, he then worked as the project leader and lead game designer for coin-op game Cleopatra Fortune.

In 1997, Kaido left Taito and joined Sony Computer Entertainment Inc. There he started working on the game Ape Escape as its lead game designer and associate producer.

Most recently, Kaido worked as product manager and producer for Ico in 2001, and Shadow of the Colossus in 2005. He left Sony in August 2012.

Works
Bonze Adventure (1988)
Night Striker (1989)
Champion Wrestler (1989)
Cameltry (1989)
Sonic Blast Man (1990)
Warrior Blade (1991)
Dead Connection (1992)
Cleopatra Fortune (1996)
Tomba! (1998)
Ape Escape (1999)
Tomba! 2: The Evil Swine Return (2000)
Ico (2001)
Shadow of the Colossus (2005)

External links

 Interview with EuroGamer.net 
 Interview with Kikizo.com

References

Living people
Japanese video game producers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Libellus Sanguinis is a line of four tabletop role-playing game supplements released by White Wolf Publishing in 1997–2001, for use with their game Vampire: The Dark Ages. The line includes Masters of the State (1997), Keepers of the Word (1998), Wolves at the Door (2000), and Thieves in the Night (2001).

Contents
The Libellus Sanguinis line consists of four sourcebooks intended to be used with the tabletop role-playing game Vampire: The Dark Ages. They each describe three of the vampire clans in the setting, as they appeared in medieval times.

 Libellus Sanguinis 1: Masters of the State was released in September 1997, and covers the three clans of vampire nobility: Lasombra, Tzimisce, and Ventrue.
 Libellus Sanguinis 2: Keepers of the Word was released in October–December 1998, and covers the clans Brujah, Toreador, and Tremere.
 Libellus Sanguinis 3: Wolves at the Door was released in 2000, and covers the clans Assamite, Gangrel, and Followers of Set.
 Libellus Sanguinis 4: Thieves in the Night was released in December 2001, and covers the clans Malkavian, Nosferatu, and Ravnos.

Reviews
Dragon #247
Backstab #6
Backstab #14 ( Libellus Sanguinis 2: Keepers of the Word)
SF Site

References

Role-playing game books
Role-playing game supplements introduced in 1997
Vampire: The Masquerade
Kanchan Rup is a Municipality in Saptari District in the Sagarmatha Zone of south-eastern Nepal. This municipality was formed on 18 May 2014 by merging nine villages around it i.e. Baramjhiya, Badgama, Theliya, Jagatpur, Kanchanpur, Pipra (Purba), Rupnagar, Dharmpur and Ghoghanpur and Bakal.

Schools 
 List of educational institutions in Kanchan Rup

References 

Populated places in Saptari District
Nepal municipalities established in 2014
VDCs in Saptari District
Municipalities in Madhesh Province
Sabah State Legislative Assembly building () is the current state legislative complex for the state of Sabah, Malaysia. This is the venue where all the elected state assemblymen from Sabah would convene a meeting in order to debate state government policies and pass laws.

History

The building was opened in June 1995. It is located 8 km from Kota Kinabalu city centre on a hilltop overlooking Tanjung Lipat, an area where major state and federal government offices and institutions are concentrated.

Structure

The building footprint itself occupies 2 hectares within a land area of 11 hectares. It has four storeys, and the administration office is located on the 4th floor.

Floor directory

The state assembly building is equipped with the following facilities in each floor:

See also
 Sabah State Legislative Assembly
 Wisma Innoprise
 Tun Mustapha Tower

References

Buildings and structures in Kota Kinabalu
State secretariat buildings in Malaysia
Sabah State Legislative Assembly
Chaetostoma lepturum is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the San Juan River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 21.5 cm (8.5 inches) SL.

References 

lepturum

Fish of Colombia
Fish described in 1912
Catfish of South America
Manokwari Regency is a regency in West Papua, Indonesia. Following the splitting away of twenty of its former districts in 2013, it now covers an area of 3,168.28 km2 and had a population of 192,663 at the 2020 Census. The administrative centre (regency seat) is presently at the town of Manokwari, which is also the capital of the province, but under proposals currently under consideration by the Indonesian Parliament, the town is intended to be split off from the regency to form a separate independent city.

Administration
At the 2010 Census, Manokwari Regency comprised 29 districts (Kecamatan) with an area of 34,970 km2 and a 2010 Census population of 187,726, but in 2013 two new regencies  - South Manokwari Regency (Manokwari Selantan) with six districts, and Arfak Mountains Regency (Pegunungan Arfak) with ten districts - were created from parts of the Manokwari Regency, while the most westerly four districts (Kebar, Amberbaken, Mubrani and Senopi, which were the largest in area of the remaining districts, although sparsely populated) were removed from Manokwari Regency and added to the Tambrauw Regency.

The residual area of Manokwari Regency thus comprised nine districts, listed below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census. The table also includes the location of the district centres, the number of administrative villages (rural kampung and urban kelurahan) in each district, and its postal code.

Notes: (a) except for the village of Mebji, with a post code of 98315. (b) except for the villages of Manokwari Timur (with a post code of 98311) and Amban (with a post code of 98314). (c) includes the offshore islands of Pulau Lemon and Pulau Mansinam. (d) except for the two villages of Arowi and Pasir Putih (with a post code of 98313). (e) includes the offshore islands of Pulau Irbor, Pulau Irbor Utara, Pulau Kaki and Pulau Waisupi. (g) includes the offshore island of Pulau Raimuti.

References

External links
Statistics publications from Statistics Indonesia (BPS)

 
Manokwari
Regencies of West Papua (province)
Irunkōvēl, also known as Irungkōvēl, Irukkuvēl, and Ilangōvēlir, was a title of the Irunkōvēl line of Velir kings. The Irunkovel line of kings ruled over Konadu identified with the Kodumbalur and surrounding areas in ancient Tamilakkam. They trace their lineage to the clan of Krishna; one of the inscriptions at Kodumbalur belonging to one of the kings in the Irunkovel line, namely Tennavan Irunkōvēl alias Maravan Bhutiyar, declares that he belonged to the kshatriya dynasty which is descended from Yadu (legendary king). The Moovar Koil record of Irukkuvel chief Boothi Vikramakesari lauds his father, Samarabirama, as Yadu-vamsa-ketu (Banner of the Yadu race).

The contemporary of Karikala
The most famous among them was a contemporary of Karikala Chola as well as poet Kapilar and lived during the Sangam era. Sangam literature mentions a chieftain called Irunkovel who could trace his lineage back over 49 generations to residence in Dvārakā. He is later defeated by Karikala and becomes a subordinate to the Chola sovereign.

Irungola Cholas 

The Irungovel chieftains were not merely feudatories but were related to the Cholas through  matrimony. The Cholas considered the offspring of these unions as one of their own and referred to them as Irungolar meaning child or son in their epigraphs. These princes assumed both the Chola and Irungovel titles like for example there was one Adavallan Gangaikonda Cholan alias Irungolan during the time of Kulottunga I and then there was a certain Sendamangalam Udaiyan Araiyan Edirili Cholan alias Irungolan during the reign of Kulottunga III.

References
Citations

Bibliography

Historical heritage of the Tamils By Ca. Vē Cuppiramaṇiyan̲, Ka. Ta Tirunāvukkaracu, International Institute of Tamil Studies
Studies in Indian epigraphy, Volume 32 By Epigraphical Society of India

Further reading

Tamil monarchs
Player awards (NBA)

Regular Season MVP 

 Larry Bird, Boston Celtics

NBA Finals MVP 

 Larry Bird, Boston Celtics

Slam Dunk Contest 

 Spud Webb, Atlanta Hawks

Three-point Shootout 

 Larry Bird, Boston Celtics

Collegiate awards
 Men
John R. Wooden Award: Walter Berry, St. John's
Frances Pomeroy Naismith Award: Jim Les, Bradley
Associated Press College Basketball Player of the Year: Walter Berry, St. John's
NCAA basketball tournament Most Outstanding Player: Keith Smart, Indiana
Associated Press College Basketball Coach of the Year: Eddie Sutton, Kentucky
Naismith Outstanding Contribution to Basketball: Adolph Rupp
 Women
Naismith College Player of the Year: Cheryl Miller, USC
Wade Trophy: Kamie Ethridge, Texas
Frances Pomeroy Naismith Award: Kamie Ethridge, Texas
NCAA basketball tournament Most Outstanding Player: Clarissa Davis, Texas
Carol Eckman Award: Laura Mapp, Bridgewater

Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
Class of 1986:
Billy Cunningham
Tom Heinsohn
Red Holzman
Fred Taylor
Stan Watts

Births

 May 7—Matee Ajavon American college basketball player (Rutgers) and the WNBA (Atlanta Dream)

Deaths
June 19 – Len Bias, American college player (Maryland) and Boston Celtics draft pick (born 1963)
December 1 – Halbert Harvill, American college men's coach (Austin Peay) (born 1893)

See also
 1986 in sports

References