Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
María Gertrudis Teodora Bocanegra Mendoza (11 April 1765 – 11 October 1817) was a woman who fought in the Mexican War of Independence. She was arrested, tortured and executed in 1817.

Life
Gertrudis Bocanegra was born in Pátzcuaro in what is now the Mexican state of Michoacán, to Pedro Javier Bocanegra and Feliciana Mendoza (d. 15 November 1783). She married Lieutenant Pedro Advíncula Lazo de la Vega, a soldier in the Spanish provincial forces of Michoacán; they had six children (two sons and four daughters). Unusually for a woman of her time, Bocanegra had read the principal authors of the Age of Enlightenment. When Mexico's War of Independence began, she was quick to take sides. Her husband and eldest son joined the forces of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla when the insurgents passed through Valladolid (now Morelia) in October 1810. Both died at the Battle of the Puente de Calderón. She then served as a messenger for the insurgents in the region of Pátzcuaro and Tacámbaro, helping to form a communications network between the principal locations of the rebellion.

During the guerrilla war, she was sent to Pátzcuaro to aid the rebels in the capture of the city. However, she was betrayed and taken prisoner by the royal army in 1817. She was subjected to torture to get her to reveal the names of other rebels, but she refused to give information to the Spaniards. Finally she was tried and found guilty of treason.

Sentenced to death, she and one of her fellow insurgents were executed on 11 October 1817 at the Plazuela de San Agustín in Pátzcuaro. Facing the firing squad, she harangued her executioners before she was shot. She was 52 years old.

Legacy
She is known in Mexico as "La Heroína de Pátzcuaro" (The Heroine of Pátzcuaro). A plaza was named in her honor in that city, and a bronze statue was erected of her.

In popular culture
Bocanegra was portrayed by Ofelia Medina in the Mexican biographical film Gertrudis (1992).

References

Sources
This article is a loose translation of the Spanish Wikipedia article
Salmonson, Jessica Amanda (1991). The Encyclopedia of Amazons. Paragon House. page 35. 
 "Bocanegra de Lazo de la Vega, Gertrudis," Enciclopedia de México, v. 2. Mexico City, 1988.

1765 births
1817 deaths
Executed Mexican people
Executed Mexican women
Women in 19th-century warfare
People from Pátzcuaro
Mexican independence activists
Women in the Mexican War of Independence
People executed by Spain by firing squad
19th-century executions by Spain
18th-century Mexican women
18th-century Mexican people
19th-century Mexican women
19th-century Mexican people
The Geostationary Banana Over Texas project was a plan to launch a banana-shaped, 300 meters long airship over the state of Texas in August 2008. It is unclear whether the plan was a hoax of exposure.

Overview
César Sáez, an Argentinian public artist living in Quebec, Canada, at the time, initially said he planned to create the project using Canadian taxpayer funds. But Sáez later stated, "One thing I love is the issue of truth or hoax, and I love the ambiguity."

The project received at least $148,000 Canadian (approx. $140,000 US) in grants from the Canadian Federal Government and Quebec Province, sparking controversy.

As of 2010, Sáez had accepted the funds and left Canada without producing any tangible results for the two years of payment. However, the plan was still listed as the "current project" on the artist's website as of April 21, 2010. The website no longer exists.

References

Hoaxes in Canada
2008 in Quebec
2008 hoaxes
Bananas in popular culture
Fictional airships
Citrus County is the second novel by American author John Brandon, following his debut novel Arkansas. It was published on 6 July 2010 through  McSweeney's. While writing the book Brandon drew inspiration from several kidnappings in the United States and saw this as a way for the character of Toby to "distinguish himself from the common vandals and shoplifters Citrus County is crawling with."

Synopsis
The book follows Toby, a young man that wants to set himself apart from the other criminals and hoodlums in his area. He's decided to accomplish this by kidnapping the young sister of a schoolmate, Shelby. Toby finds himself drawn to Shelby and the two bond over their mutual dissatisfaction with their lives and community, but Shelby has no way of knowing that he has kidnapped her sister. During all of this their high school geography teacher has been made to coach the school's all-girl basketball team while making plans with Shelby's aunt to murder one of his co-workers.

Reception
Critical reception for Citrus County has been largely positive and the book has received praise from Publishers Weekly, the Sydney Morning Herald and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. The Tampa Bay Times noted that the book's location worked in its favor, drawing comparison to the 2005 kidnapping and murder of Jessica Lunsford. The Phoenix and the SFGate both highlighted the relationship between Toby and Shelby, which the SFGate felt added additional pressure to the novel's atmosphere. Lemony Snicket author Daniel Handler also praised the novel, writing that it "subverts countless expectations to conform to our expectations of a very good book."

Awards
Young Lions Fiction Award (2011, nominated)
Alex Awards (2011, nominated)

References

2010 American novels
Novels set in Florida
Novels by John Brandon
Citrus County, Florida
McSweeney's books
Bahaghari is a 1940 Filipino film directed by Don Dano. It stars Rosa Aguirre, Miguel Anzures and Narding Anzures.

External links
 

1940 films
Philippine drama films
Filipino-language films
Tagalog-language films
Philippine black-and-white films
Edward T. Miller (ca. 1856 – October 1881) was a Missouri-born outlaw.

He was born in 1856, he was the son of Moses Miller and had an older brother called Clell Miller. Little is known about Miller, except that he took part in several robberies with Jesse James in Quantrill's Raiders, and especially after the downfall of Jesse's James-Younger gang. They robbed a train in Glendale, Missouri, in October 1879 and one in Blue Cut, Missouri, in September 1881. He was sentenced to 10 years in the Missouri State Penitentiary, but was released when he turned state's evidence on Bill Ryan.

The Kansas City Times [October 31, 1881] reported that Miller was killed by Jesse James in October, 1881. According to some sources he was killed for talking too much about the Kansas City Fair robbery, which took place in 1872. Others say Miller became drunk one night and told a marshal about a train robbery that was to take place in the near future. The Times story speculated that a woman was involved. According to family history, however, Miller and James faked Edward's death in order for him to leave the James-Younger gang. Edward moved to Kentucky where he lived the rest of his life.

Popular culture
Ed Miller was portrayed by Dennis Quaid in the movie The Long Riders.
Garret Dillahunt portrayed Ed Miller in the 2007 film The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford.

References

1856 births
1881 deaths
Victims of the James–Younger Gang
Outlaws of the American Old West
American murder victims
People murdered in Missouri
Deaths by firearm in Missouri
Murdered criminals
 1881 murders in the United States
Prisoners and detainees of Missouri
Parapylocheles scorpio is a species of hermit crab in the family Parapylochelidae. It lives at depths from 200 to 925 meters in the Indo-West Pacific, in Indonesia and the Philippines, although it may live in water as shallow as 100 meters, in wood fragments, tusk shells, and pieces of bamboo. It is the only member in its genus, with another genus in its family with one species in it being extinct, Mesoparapylocheles michaeljacksoni.

References 

Hermit crabs
Crustaceans described in 1894
Crustaceans of Indonesia
Fauna of the Philippines
Jason Emer (born December 15, 1980) is an American clinical dermatologist and surgeon. His fields of practice are in dermatology, plastic surgery, and body contouring. He is also the founder of the skincare brand Emerage Skin and developing products for the beauty brand Nudestix.

Career 

During his residency in New York, Emer started a clinic for HIV-positive patients where he used cosmetic techniques to treat facial lipoatrophy caused by antiretroviral therapy treatments.

Emer eventually began practicing clinical dermatology in Mountain View, California before setting up offices in Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, and New York City.

Emer has been interviewed about cosmetic subjects by media outlets such as The New York Times, GQ, The Hollywood Reporter, Cosmopolitan and appeared onscreen in the TV series The Doctors and on ABC News.

Emer developed products for the cosmetic brand Nudestix alongside the brand’s founders Jenny and Tylor Frankel. He went on to found his own skincare brand Emerage Skin, along with its associated cosmetic brand Emerage Cosmetics.

Emer has conducted clinical trials on subjects such as psoraisis treatment and cosmetic camouflage. He has written scholarly literature on subjects such as skin disease pathology, serum treatments, and skin rejuvenation techniques.

Personal life 
Emer lives with his dachshund, Lexie. In his spare time, he enjoys exercising and eating and cooking food.

Selected publications 

 Frankel, A., Penrose, C., & Emer, J. (2009). Cutaneous tuberculosis: a practical case report and review for the dermatologist. The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, 2(10), 19.
 Levy, L. L., & Emer, J. J. (2013). Female pattern alopecia: current perspectives. International journal of women's health, 541-556.
 Weinkle, A. P., Doktor, V., & Emer, J. (2015). Update on the management of rosacea. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 159-177.
 Emer, J. (2019). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP): current applications in dermatology. Skin Therapy Letter, 24(5), 1-6.
 Levy, L. L., & Emer, J. J. (2012). Complications of minimally invasive cosmetic procedures: prevention and management. Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery, 5(2), 121-132.

References 

1980 births
Living people
American plastic surgeons
American dermatologists
Place of birth missing (living people)
American company founders
John Roger Shankly Hynd (2 February 194218 February 2017) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a centre half.

He started his playing career at Rangers, for whom he played in the 1967 European Cup Winners' Cup Final, before moving to the English Football League. He played nearly 300 League matches for Crystal Palace, Birmingham Citywith whom he played more than 200 games and was named Player of the Year as they won promotion to the First Division in 1972Oxford United and Walsall. He had a brief spell as manager of Motherwell and a six-game spell as interim manager of St Johnstone before leaving professional football to work as a PE teacher. He was the nephew of Bill Shankly.

In 2012, Hynd was one of seven former players elected to Birmingham City's Hall of Fame. He died in February 2017, aged 75.

Honours
Rangers
 European Cup Winners' Cup runners-up: 1966–67
Birmingham City
 Football League Second Division runners-up: 1971–72

Individual
 Birmingham City F.C. Hall of Fame: inducted 2012

References

1942 births
2017 deaths
Footballers from Falkirk
Scottish men's footballers
Men's association football central defenders
Rangers F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Oxford United F.C. players
Walsall F.C. players
Scottish Football League players
English Football League players
Scottish football managers
Motherwell F.C. managers
St Johnstone F.C. managers
Scottish Football League managers
Evening Snow was an American Quarter Horse bred by Ginger Hyland and was purchased in foal with his mother Florentine by AQHA Hall of Fame Inductee Princess Abigail Kawananakoa.  Foaled in 1993, he was sired by Chicks Beduino and was out of the Champion mare Florentine.
In 1995, he won the first Los Alamitos Million Futurity. In 1996, he became the first horse of any breed to run  from a standing start and a closed gate in under 21 seconds, finishing with 20.94 and setting a new world record. This earned him a speed index of 128.

References

American Quarter Horse racehorses
1993 racehorse births
Vanderson Válter de Almeida (born 15 January 1978), known as Vandinho, is a Brazilian former footballer who played as a central midfielder.

He spent most of his professional career in Portugal, amassing Primeira Liga totals of 182 matches and nine goals over eight seasons.

Club career
Vandinho was born in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso. After an unsuccessful spell at Sport Club Internacional, he played mainly with modest clubs in his country: Grêmio Esportivo Brasil, Guarani Futebol Clube, Santa Cruz Futebol Clube, Criciúma Esporte Clube and Grêmio Esportivo Inhumense, moving in 2002–03 to Portugal with Rio Ave F.C. and helping the Vila do Conde team return to the Primeira Liga in his first season.

For the 2004–05 campaign, Vandinho joined S.C. Braga, being an ever-present midfield unit as the Minho side achieved two consecutive fourth-league places from 2005 to 2007. During his second year he contributed 31 matches and three goals, including in both fixtures against former team Rio Ave (2–1 away, 5–0 at home).

In February 2010, as he continued to be first choice and Braga led the league, Vandinho received a three-month ban for his actions in a scuffle during a 2–0 home win over S.L. Benfica late in the previous year. That effectively ended his season, as they were eventually surpassed in the table by the opponents in that game.

Vandinho helped Braga reach the final of the UEFA Europa League in 2010–11, scoring through a header in the semi-finals' first leg, a 2–1 away loss against Benfica (2–2 aggregate victory). In late August 2011, after nearly one full decade in the same country, the 33-year-old joined Sharjah FC in the United Arab Emirates, for an undisclosed fee.

References

External links

1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Cuiabá
Brazilian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players
Campeonato Brasileiro Série C players
Sport Club Internacional players
Grêmio Esportivo Brasil players
Guarani FC players
Santa Cruz Futebol Clube players
Criciúma Esporte Clube players
Paraná Clube players
Cuiabá Esporte Clube players
Grêmio Esportivo Anápolis players
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Rio Ave F.C. players
S.C. Braga players
UAE Pro League players
Sharjah FC players
Brazilian expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Portugal
Expatriate men's footballers in the United Arab Emirates
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates
This is a list of fictional characters from DC Comics who are or have been enemies of Hawkman and Hawkgirl/Hawkwoman. In chronological order (with issue and date of first appearance), with recurring villains noted in bold.

Golden Age enemies

Silver Age enemies

Modern Age enemies

References

External links
 The Silver Age Super-Villains Checklist
 Hawkman villains - DC Comics Database

Hawkman enemies
Hawkman enemies
Enemies
John "Quack" Davis was a Negro league outfielder between 1908 and 1914.

Davis made his Negro leagues debut in 1908 with the Indianapolis ABCs. He played in four seasons for Indianapolis, and also spent time with the Leland Giants, Chicago Giants, and French Lick Plutos.

References

External links
  and Seamheads

Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Chicago Giants players
French Lick Plutos players
Indianapolis ABCs players
Leland Giants players
Baseball outfielders
Fernando António de Carvalho Festas (born 12 June 1956 in Vila do Conde) is a Portuguese retired football central defender and manager.

External links

1956 births
Living people
Footballers from Vila do Conde
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Varzim S.C. players
Vitória S.C. players
Sporting CP footballers
S.C. Braga players
S.C. Salgueiros players
Portugal men's under-21 international footballers
Portugal men's international footballers
Portuguese football managers
Primeira Liga managers
Liga Portugal 2 managers
S.C. Freamunde managers
F.C. Penafiel managers
Gil Vicente F.C. managers
The toothpaste pump, also known as a toothpaste pump dispenser, is a device used to contain and dispense toothpaste, akin to a tube. An automatic toothpaste dispenser is a self-starting way to dispense toothpaste.

Pump
Several innovative designs have been developed 
 
depending on the flow properties of the toothpaste. One involves a rigid toothpaste pump  made of a hard plastic and functions by pressing a knob on top rather than squeezing the tube. Henkel were the first to sell their toothpaste in a pump in West Germany, and it was marketed in the United States beginning in 1984. A toothpaste pump was first marketed by Marks & Spencer in the United Kingdom in 1982.  Unilever and Colgate began marketing their toothpaste pumps soon after.

Automated dispenser

An automatic toothpaste dispenser is a wall-mounted or counter-top device used to dispense toothpaste by pressing the toothbrush against the inside plates of the dispenser, so it automatically squeezes an appropriate amount of toothpaste and avoids waste.
 Most modern automatic dispensers incorporate a toothbrush holder, and in some of the advanced models the holder also functions as a toothbrush sanitizer.

See also
Pump dispenser

References

Oral hygiene
Dispensers
Preventive Dentistry
Mass media in Finland includes a variety of online, print, and broadcast formats, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines.

Magazines

Newspapers

Åbo Underrättelser newspaper began publication in 1824.

Radio

Yleisradio Oy began in 1926.

Television

See also
 Telecommunications in Finland
 Internet in Finland
 Cinema of Finland
 Censorship in Finland

References

Bibliography

External links
 
 

 
Finland
Finland
James Mbuzi Nyonyintono Zikusoka (11 November 1926 – 29 January 2012), was a Ugandan civil engineer, who served as the Cabinet Minister of Works and Transport from 1971 until 1972.

Background and education
Zikusoka was born on 11 November 1926, in present-day Iganga District, Busoga sub-region, in the Eastern Region of Uganda. He attended local primary schools before he entered Busoga College Mwiri, where he completed his O-Level and A-Level education, graduating in 1947. He served as a prefect at the all-boys boarding school. Later he trained as a civil engineer.

Engineering career
After his training as an engineer, Zikusoka was hired as the town engineer for Jinja Town, the first African to serve in that position. He was part of the team that designed the roads and streets in the town. In honor of his service to the town, a road, Engineer Zikusoka Road, was named after him, by Jinja Municipal Council. By 1969, he had risen to the position of Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Works in the government of Uganda.

Political career
In 1971, when Idi Amin overthrew the first government of Milton Obote, he named James Zikusoka as the Minister of Works, Communications and Housing in his first cabinet. However, when forces aligned to Milton Obote launched a botched attempt to overthrow Idi Amin, the dictator fired all cabinet ministers that he did not trust, Zikusoka included. Zikusoka sought political refugee in Kenya, and then later joined the United Nations Development Program and served as a consultant in New York City and Saudi Arabia, then for the Commonwealth Secretariat in Barbados until Amin was overthrown in 1979. He served as Uganda's high commissioner to the United Kingdom, appointed to that position by Godfrey Binaisa, the then newly appointed President of Uganda in 1979. Later, from 1993 until 1997, Zikusoka served as the chairman of the Public Service Commission.

Religious career
In 1988, Zikisoka was ordained a deacon in Christ the King Cathedral at Bugembe. The following year, he was elected as reverend, canon and dean of the cathedral. He also helped with civil repairs to the physical building and purchased and financed the installation of a church organ out of his own pocket.

Death
Zikusoka died on 29 January 2012, at Nakasero Hospital, in the country's capital, Kampala. He was interned at his ancestral home at Namungalwe, in Iganga District. He was survived by a widow and six of his seven children.

See also
 Martin Aliker
 Monica Azuba Ntege

References

External links
Uganda: Local on Obama's Winning Team

Ugandan civil engineers
1929 births
2012 deaths
Government ministers of Uganda
Uganda People's Congress politicians
People from Iganga District
People educated at Busoga College
Alumni of the University of London
Politicians from Eastern Region, Uganda
Vera Matović (, born 3 June 1946 in Čačak) is a Serbian folk singer. Her career started in 1974 with the release of her first album, Pomiri se sudbinom; she has since released 26 albums and 13 singles. She finished Economical secondary school. During primary school, she sang with her brother's orchestra in Čačak.

Discography
 1974 – Pomiri se sudbinom -
 1975 – Sve ili ništa
 1975 – Od nemila do nedraga
 1976 – Skloni mi se s puta
 1976 – U srcu sam te zaključala
 1977 – Prekide se lanac sreće
 1977 – Lepi Marijo
 1978 – Nisi me na putu našao
 1978 – Ne mogu da se odvojim od tebe
 1979 – Nije greška već namera
 1979 – Najdraži gost
 1980 – Sačekaj me ljubavi
 1981 – Belu bluzu suza kvasi
 1981 – Zakuni se oko moje
 1982 – Hajde da se budimo u dvoje
 1983 – Javi se, javi
 1984 – Po mojoj si volji
 1985 – Ja znam lek za ostavljene
 1986 – Halo, halo, gde ideš večeras
 1987 – Samo jedan minut
 1988 – Volim te k'o Boga
 1989 – Volim te
 1990 – Kriva sam
 1991 – Živeli zaljubljeni
 1992 – Ljuljaj me sudbino
 1994 – Kakva je ovo godina
 1995 – Ti si sve što znam
 1997 – Čije su ono oči
 1998 – 18 dana
 2003 – Varaju me tvoje oči
 2006 – Ljubavni virus
 2009 – Miki Milane
 2013 - Skockala se strina
 2013 - Samo s'tobom lolo
 2015 - Zapevajmo svi siroti i bogati 
 2015 - Imam 20 eura

Filmography 
 Kamiondžije 2 (1983)
 Sok od šljiva (1981)

External links
 http://www.pulsonline.rs/licna-karta/581/vera-matovic 
 

1946 births
Living people
21st-century Serbian women singers
Yugoslav women singers
Serbian folk singers
Musicians from Čačak
BN Music artists
20th-century Serbian women singers
Robert Charles Sands (May 11, 1799 – December 16, 1832) was an American writer and poet.

Biography
Robert Charles Sands was born in Brooklyn, New York on May 11, 1799, the son of Auditor-General Comfort Sands (1748–1834) and his second wife, Cornelia Lott Sands (1761-1856). He was a scholar and a writer of many literary types, but without much originality. His best work is considered to be in his short stories. His most well-known poem is Yamoyden which is an Indian story written in collaboration with a friend. He is considered part of the "Knickerbocker group", which also included Washington Irving, William Cullen Bryant, James Kirke Paulding, Gulian Crommelin Verplanck, Fitz-Greene Halleck, Joseph Rodman Drake, Lydia M. Child, and Nathaniel Parker Willis.

He died in Hoboken, New Jersey on December 16, 1832.

References

External links
 George and Evert Duyckinck: Robert Charles Sands, in: Cyclopedia of American Literature (1856), 2:371-373.

1799 births
1832 deaths
19th-century American poets
American male poets
19th-century American male writers
Knickerbocker Group
People from Flatbush, Brooklyn