Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Anya Ulinich (born 1973) is a contemporary Russian American writer and visual artist. She is the author of Petropolis (Viking, 2007), and Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel, a graphic novel (Penguin, 2014).

Petropolis, a Sami Rohr Prize Finalist, presents the American dream as no longer a matter of material success, or even educational opportunities but of “finding a place for one's misfit heart”. Lena Finkle’s Magic Barrel has been described as "a late-life bildungsroman that somehow combines a great Russian heaviness of spirit with invigorating humour, moving effortlessly from Chekhov to OkCupid clichés." Ayelet Waldman's review in the New York Times describes hers as a "rare, indeed magical, talent.”

Awards
 National Book Foundation's "5 under 35" Winner (2007)

Selected works
 Petropolis (Viking, 2007)
 Lena Finkle's Magic Barrel (Penguin, 2014)

References

External links
 Anya Ulinich | Penguin Random House 
 Ayelet Waldman reviews Lena Finkle's Magic Barrel in The New York Times
 Lena Finkle's Magic Barrel in the Los Angeles Times
 Katie Roiphe on Lena Finkle's Magic Barrel
 Kevin Kinsella interviews Anya Ulinich about 'Petropolis'

1973 births
Living people
American graphic novelists
21st-century American novelists
American women novelists
21st-century American women writers
Russian emigrants to the United States
John Burnett or John Burnet FRSE (1763 – 8 December 1810) was a Scottish advocate, judge and legal scholar.

Life
see

He was the son of William Burnett of Monboddo, an advocate in Aberdeen, where he was born in 1763.

He was admitted advocate at Edinburgh University on 10 December 1785. In 1792 he was appointed advocate-depute, and in October 1803 was made Sheriff of Haddington. In April 1810 he became Judge Admiral of Scotland. He was also for some time counsel for the city of Aberdeen.

In 1791 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Scotland being proposed by Daniel Rutherford and Archibald Alison.

He died on 7 December 1810, while his work on the Criminal Law of Scotland was passing through the press. It was published in 1811. Though in certain respects imperfect and misleading, it is a work of great merit, the more especially that it is one of the earliest attempts to form a satisfactory collection of decisions in criminal cases.

His role as Judge Admiral was succeeded by William Boswell, advocate.

Burnett was Counsel for the City of Aberdeen and was replaced by Andrew Skene upon his death.

Family

He married Deborah Paterson in 1802.

Publications

A Treatise on Various Branches of the Criminal Law in Scotland (co-written with Robert Craigie)

References

1760s births
1810 deaths
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Members of the Faculty of Advocates
Scottish legal writers
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Scottish sheriffs
People from Aberdeen
The Jewish Hospital in Hamburg () is a Jewish medical institution in Hamburg, Germany. It is particularly renowned for its treatment of gastric and bowel cancer.

History
The Israelite Hospital of Hamburg opened in 1843. The city council donated land in the St. Pauli suburb, and building costs were entirely funded by Salomon Heine, a local Jewish banker. He made two stipulations regarding his 80,000 Mark donation: The hospital should be named for his late wife Betty, who died in 1837; and a Personal lectern should be designated for him in the in-house synagogue.

A poem by Heinrich Heine, the nephew of Salomon Heine, was dedicated to the Hospital following Salomon Heine's death, whose first verse is:
Ein Hospital für arme, kranke Juden,
Für Menschenkinder, welche dreifach elend,
Behaftet mit den bösen drei Gebresten,
Mit Armut, Körperschmerz und Judentume!
A hospital for Jews who’re sick and needy,
For those unhappy threefold sons of sorrow,
Afflicted by the three most dire misfortunes
Of poverty, disease, and Judaism.
(translation by Edgar Alfred Bowring)

References

Hospitals in Germany
German-Jewish culture in Germany
Jews and Judaism in Hamburg
The Chief's bead, named "ti-a, co-mo-shack" by North American Natives, are blue glass trade beads used during the late 18th century and early 19th century up and down the West coast of North America and the Columbia River Basin. The Chief's beads were sought by Native American tribes in preference over beads of other colors because they were blue. An indication of the importance of the blue Chief's bead was that after the Lewis and Clark Expedition returned from their 1803–1806 expedition of discovery to find a route from Missouri to the Pacific Ocean, the leader Captain Meriwether Lewis stated that if he were to return, he would make the blue bead half to two-thirds of his trading goods.

The Chief's bead was about the size of a currant or large pea and seldom perfectly round. They were normally 2 or 3 carats in size. The beads were measured at 50 to 70 against the weight of the English Soho Mint penny, close to the modern ounce and were traded by the fathom or by the yard.

Types of manufacturing 
There were three types of Chief's beads manufactured: reed-wound beads from China, furnace-wound beads from Bavaria, and wire-wound beads from numerous other locations.

Reed wound beads 
These beads were a cottage industry in China. Reeds would be soaked in a clay slurry. Two individuals would rotate the reed and another person would trail the hot glass over the reed. The hot beads and reed would be laid in a clay bed to cool. When cool, they would be stripped from the reeds. This method of manufacture was used as far back as the eighth century CE until the late 1930s.

Furnace wound beads 
These beads were manufactured primarily in Bavaria. An iron rod, covered with a kaolin clay bead release, was dipped into the molten glass. The workmen would then separate small quantities of glass and form them into beads, which they slid down the length of the rod. The bead would be slid off into a warmer to anneal and cool. This type of work possibly started as early as the eighth century CE. and was still being done in 1969.

Wire wound or out of furnace wound beads 
This is the original, and by far the oldest method of winding a bead on a mandrel. The mandrel can be used to dip a small amount of melted glass from the melted source and then rolled into a bead. An alternate method is to use two rods, one to dip the glass from the melt, and allow the trail to be wound around the other rod. The rods develop iron oxide from the fire, which gives them a natural release agent for the beads. This often gives the wire wound beads, a dark brown core. This type of manufacture is still occurring.

References 

Beadwork
Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest
Currency
"You and Me" is a song by singer songwriter Joan Franka.  It was chosen to represent the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012. The song was released in the Netherlands as a Digital download on 27 February 2012. Franka wrote and composed the song together with Jessica Hoogenboom (artist name Jessie Maria).

Within the first week after the release of You And Me, on 2 March 2012, the single got in on place No. 1 of the Dutch Single Top 100.

Background 

On 26 February 2012, Joan Franka performed "You and Me" at the Nationaal Songfestival, wearing a Native American headdress designed by Nicoline van Marle. The background for her suit comes from the origin of the text of her song. That is about an innocent young love of herself when she was five years old and playing 'Indians' with her little boyfriend.  In her performance she sings and plays the guitar, and is being flanked by four female dancers with tambourines, a drum and a small string instrument, probably a small ukulele accompanied with music from a banjo.

Music video 
A music video was released on 8ball TV's YouTube channel on 5 April 2012, and the video shows Joan Franka recalling memories with the boy that she loved back then. In the video, the young Franka and the boy are shown to be together doing a variety of activities, including reading, skipping together, and Franka giving a kiss to the boy. Throughout the video, Franka is shown to be wearing a Native American headdress. Franka is also shown, all grown up to be frolicking in a forest and playing guitar near a campfire, recalling the memories.

At Eurovision 
In the running order draw, determined on 20 March 2012, Netherlands was drawn to perform third.

During the performance, Franka had a new headdress and wore a long azure dress. Unlike her performance at Nationaal Songfestival, the back-up dancers were replaced by a band consisting of four men playing the guitar, violin, accordion and banjo but the female back-vocalist was still present. The song was slightly altered to include a violin solo after the bridge of the song. Despite the changes, the song finished in 15th place with 35 points and did not advance to the finals. It was the 8th straight year that the Netherlands failed to progress from the semi-finals.

However, if it was up to the public it would have advanced finishing 10th in the televote.

Track listing 
CD single
 "You and Me" – 3:01
 Digital download
 "You and Me" – 3:01

Credits and personnel
 Lead vocals – Joan Franka
 Producers – Joan Franka, Jessica Hoogenboom
 Lyrics – Joan Franka, Jessica Hoogenboom

Chart performance

Peak positions

Year-end charts

Release history

External links 
Website Joan Franka, Songfestival Clips
Music video

References

Eurovision songs of 2012
Eurovision songs of the Netherlands
English-language Dutch songs
2011 songs
In probability theory, the Chung–Erdős inequality provides a lower bound on the probability that one out of many (possibly dependent) events occurs. The lower bound is expressed in terms of the probabilities for pairs of events.

Formally, let  be events. Assume that  for some . Then

 

The inequality was first derived by Kai Lai Chung and Paul Erdős (in, equation (4)). It was stated in the form given above by Petrov (in, equation (6.10)).

References 

Probability theorems
Probabilistic inequalities
Paul Erdős
Belfast Upper is a barony in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. To its east lies the barony of Belfast and Belfast Lough, and it is bordered by five other baronies: Belfast Lower to the north-east; Antrim Upper to the north-west; Massereene Lower to the west; Massereene Upper to the south-west; and Castlereagh Upper to the south. The Forth River flows through both Belfast Upper and Lower. The most prominent hills in the barony are Black Hill and Lyle's Hill.

List of settlements
Below is a list of settlements in Belfast Upper:

Cities
Belfast (split with barony of Belfast Lower)

Towns and villages
Lambeg
Milltown
Templepatrick

Population centres
Andersonstown
Ballysillan
Carr's Glen
Cavehill
Donegall Pass
Deerpark
Falls
Finaghy
Fortwilliam
Glenard
Holylands
Jennymount
Parkmount
Riverdale
Sandy Row
Seymour Hill
Shankill
Suffolk
Village
Windsor
Whiterock
Woodvale

List of civil parishes
Below is a list of civil parishes in Belfast Upper:
Ballymartin (split with barony of Belfast Lower)
Derriaghy (also partly in barony of Massereene Upper)
Drumbeg
Lambeg (split with barony of Massereene Upper)
Shankill (split with barony of Belfast Lower)
Templepatrick (split with barony of Belfast Lower)

References

 
Clandeboye
Duke of Montalto () was a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1507 by Ferdinand II to his nephew Fernando de Aragón y Guardato, who was an illegitimate son of Ferdinand I of Naples.

In 1958, Luisa Isabel Álvarez de Toledo, 21st Duchess of Medina Sidonia, daughter of the last Duke, requested the rehabilitation of the Dukedom with the denomination of "Montalto de Aragón", so to differentiate it from the existing Dukedom of Montalto also granted in 1507 by Ferdinand II. The Francoist Government did not accept this request for unknown reasons, and so the title became extinct.

Dukes of Montalto (1507)

Fernando de Aragón y Guardato, 1st Duke of Montalto
Antonio de Aragón y Cardona, 2nd Duke of Montalto
Pedro de Aragón y Cardona, 3rd Duke of Montalto
Antonio de Aragón y Cardona, 4th Duke of Montalto
María de Aragón y de la Cerda, 5th Duchess of Montalto
Antonio de Aragón y Moncada, 6th Duke of Montalto
Luis Guillermo Moncada y de Aragón, 7th Duke of Montalto
Fernando de Aragón y Moncada, 8th Duke of Montalto
Catalina de Moncada y Aragón, 9th Duchess of Montalto
Fadrique Vicente Álvarez de Toledo Osorio y Moncada, 10th Duke of Montalto
Antonio Álvarez de Toledo Osorio y Pérez de Guzmán, 11th Duke of Montalto
José Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba, 12th Duke of Montalto
Francisco de Borja Álvarez de Toledo Osorio y Gonzaga, 13th Duke of Montalto
Pedro de Alcántara Álvarez de Toledo y Palafox, 14th Duke of Montalto
José Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Silva, 15th Duke of Montalto
José Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Caro, 16th Duke of Montalto
Joaquín Álvarez de Toledo y Caro, 17th Duke of Montalto

See also
Kingdom of Aragon
Kingdom of Naples

References 

Dukedoms of Spain
Grandees of Spain
Lists of dukes
Lists of Spanish nobility
Eijsden railway station (Edn) is the railway station of Eijsden, Limburg, the Netherlands. The station, which is both the southernmost and least used railway station in the Netherlands, opened on 24 November 1861, and was closed between 10 December 2006 and 11 December 2011.

The railway station is located on the railway line between Liège-Guillemins (Belgium) and Maastricht (Netherlands). Only trains of the National Railway Company of Belgium between the two stations call in Eijsden; Nederlandse Spoorwegen trains don't serve the station.

When the National Railway Company of Belgium extended the InterCity line between Brussels-South and Liège-Guillemins to Maastricht, the regular local service between Liège-Guillemins and Maastricht was halted. The InterCity trains were too long to halt in Eijsden, so the railway station was closed. A new busline was opened between Maastricht and the railway station in Visé (Belgium) to serve Eijsden.

After the closure of the railway station, citizens of Eijsden formed the committee "Trein Terug In Eijsden" (Return the Train To Eijsden), which aims to reopen the railway station. Overhead lines at the station carry 3 kV direct current, like the Belgian railway network, whereas the Dutch railway network carries 1.5 kV. Regular Dutch electric trains are not able to reach Eijsden unless they are multi-system units.

As of 11 December 2011 Eijsden is again being served by Belgian trains, thus reopening the station after a 5-year closure.

Train services
The station is served by the following service(s):

1x per hour Local services (stoptrein) Hasselt - Liers - Liège - Visè - Maastricht (weekdays)
1x per hour Local services (stoptrein) Liège - Visè - Maastricht (weekends)

References

Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in 1861
Railway stations in the Netherlands closed in 2006
Railway stations in Limburg (Netherlands)
Defunct railway stations in the Netherlands
1861 establishments in the Netherlands
Eijsden-Margraten
Railway stations in the Netherlands opened in the 1860s
Lysis is the breaking down of the membrane of a cell. Lysis may also refer to:
 Lysis (dialogue), a dialogue of Plato about friendship (philia) 
 Lysis of Taras (  5th century BCE), Greek philosopher
 Lysis, one of the stages of the lytic cycle, one of the two cycles of viral reproduction
 Alkaline lysis, a method used in molecular biology to isolate plasmid DNA from bacteria

See also
 Lysias (disambiguation)
The 10th Minnesota Legislature first convened on January 7, 1868. The 11 members of the Minnesota Senate who represented even-numbered districts were chosen in the general election of November 6, 1866, while the 11 members of the Minnesota Senate who represented odd-numbered districts, and the 47 members of the Minnesota House of Representatives, were chosen in the general election of November 5, 1867.

Sessions 
The legislature met in a regular session from January 7, 1868 to March 6, 1868. There were no special sessions of the 10th Minnesota Legislature.

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate 
Lieutenant Governor
Thomas Henry Armstrong (R-High Forest)

House of Representatives 
Speaker of the House
John Q. Farmer (R-Spring Valley)

Members

Senate

House of Representatives

Membership changes

Senate

References 

 Minnesota Legislators Past & Present - Session Search Results (Session 10, Senate)
 Minnesota Legislators Past & Present - Session Search Results (Session 10, House)
 Journal of the House of Representatives of the Tenth Session of the Legislature of the State of Minnesota

10th
1860s in Minnesota
The Gurzhi effect was theoretically predicted by Radii Gurzhi in 1963, and it consists of decreasing of electric resistance  of a finite size conductor with increasing of its temperature  (i.e. the situation  for some temperature interval). Gurzhi effect usually being considered as the evidence of electron hydrodynamic transport in conducting media. The mechanism of Gurzhi effect is the following. The value of the resistance of the conductor is inverse to the  — a mean free path corresponding to the momentum loss from the electrons+phonons systemwhere   is the average distance which electron pass between two consequence interactions with a boundary, and   is a mean free path corresponding to other possibilities of momentum loss. The electron reflection from the boundary is assumed to be diffusive.

When temperature is low we have ballistic transport with ,  , where  is a width of the conductor, is a mean free path corresponding to effective normal electron-electron collisions (i.e. collisions without total electrons+phonons momentum loss). For low temperatures phonon emitted by electron quickly interacts with another electron without loss of total electron+phonons momentum and , where  is a mean free path corresponding to the electron-phonon collisions. Also we assume . Thus the resistance for lowest temperatures is a constant (see the picture). The Gurzhi effect appears when the temperature is increased to have  . In this regime the electron diffusive length between two consequence interaction with the boundary can be considered as momentum loss free path: , and the resistance is proportional to , and thus we have a negative derivative  . Therefore, Gurzhi effect can be observed when .

Gurzhi effect corresponds to unusual situation when electrical resistance depends on a frequency of normal collisions. As one can see this effect appears due to the presence of a boundaries with finite characteristic size  . Later Gurzhi's group discovered a special role of electron hydrodynamics in a spin transport. In such a case magnetic inhomogeneity plays role of a "boundary" with spin-diffusion length as a characteristic size instead of  as before. This magnetic inhomogeneity stops electrons of the one spin component which becomes an effective scatterers for electrons of another spin component. In this case magnetoresistance of a conductor depends on the frequency of normal electron-electron collisions as well as in the Gurzhi effect.

References 

Electric current
The Agung Rai Museum of Art (ARMA) is a museum located in Ubud on Bali, Indonesia.

Literature

See also 
List of museums and cultural institutions in Indonesia

External links 
 Museum website

Museums in Bali
Art museums and galleries in Indonesiapo

Ubud
Cupul National Airport  is an airport located in Tizimín, Yucatan, Mexico.

References

Airports in Yucatán
James Orr MacAndrew (22 June 1899 – 1979) was Unionist MP for South Ayrshire for 1931–35. This was normally a safe Labour seat which MacAndrew did well to win in the National Government landslide in the 1931 general election, but he lost it in the limited Labour revival in 1935.

MacAndrew was born on 22 June 1899, the son of F G MacAndrew of Knock Castle, Largs.   He married Eileen Butterfield in 1944: the marriage produced one recorded daughter.

His education included time at Glenalmond College and at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.   He joined the British Royal Flying Corps (RFC) in 1917 and was severely wounded in France in 1918 (by which time the RFC had morphed into the RAF).

He was an army officer, reaching the rank of lieutenant-colonel.   During the Second World War He was Honorary Colonel of the Ayrshire Yeomanry.

In addition to his political and military achievements he was Joint-Master of the Eglinton Foxhounds 1939–40.

Sources

External links 
 

1899 births
1979 deaths
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies
UK MPs 1931–1935
Unionist Party (Scotland) MPs
Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
People educated at Glenalmond College
Link FM was a community radio station operating in Havering, east London on 92.2 FM. Its first broadcast was in 1992, with the station going on air for a couple of weeks. Every summer since then Link FM has repeated this format of short-term broadcasts. In the summer of 2005 there was no broadcast with the station deciding to go on air at Christmas instead. In 2006 it was announced that after 10 years of short-term broadcasts that Link FM had been awarded a full-time community radio licence, with the station opening permanently in April 2007. However due to lack of funding the station closed down in June 2010.

Origin

The concept of Havering having its own community radio station was trialed in 1990 at Harold Wood Primary School. This was the first school ever in the country to broadcast radio. It was trialed again a year later but this time at St.Edward's Church of England Comprehensive School.

The first time Link FM went on air in 1992 turned out to be very popular among the local community, with many volunteers joining the station soon after the broadcast. Many people who joined the group in 1992 are still involved today and have formed The Friends of LINK FM.

Presenters

Dave Butler
David Sparks
David Thorogood
Gemma Smith	
Ian Camfield
Ian Leigh
James Brokenshire
Jason McCrossan	
Jill Martin	
Jo Ratcliffe	
Joe Agius
Keith Upton		
Kim Hurrell		
Laurence Kehoe
Lee Linley	
Martin Youldon
Michelle Birks	
Mike Parrott	
Monty Zero	
Nik Rawlinson		
Nicki Cook	
Paul Smailes	
Pete Corrigan
Phil Brown
Roni O'Brien
Ross Gilbert		
Tom Rennie
John Varnham

Closure

On Sunday, 27 June 2010, it was announced that the service was to close at midday the following day.

"This hasn't been easy.  We have 60 volunteers - some who have been with us since inception - and we've put a lot of hours, blood, sweat and tears into the station" Nikki Cook told the Romford Recorder.

The newspaper also reported that the station had applied for 30 grants, all of which were turned down.

References

Radio stations in London
Community radio stations in the United Kingdom
Radio stations established in 2007
Radio stations disestablished in 2010
Simi Valley Town Center is a lifestyle center located in Simi Valley, California. It was owned and operated by Forest City Enterprises. The mall was sold to Alberta Development Partners and Walton Street Capital in 2010. The retail center opened in 2005 with Macy's and Robinsons-May as anchor stores; the latter was converted into a Macy's Men's and Home store on September 9, 2006. The complex was designed by the architectural firm F+A Architects to resemble a hillside Italian village.

The center is home to KWSV-LP, a non-commercial low-power FM radio station known as "99.1 The Ranch" that launched in 2015 with a country music format.

It is also home of the Skateboarding Hall of Fame Museum.

On January 4, 2017, Macy's announced that it would be closing the Men's and Home store, consolidating those departments with the existing women's store at a later date. The closure is part of a restructuring effort that involves closing 68 stores and eliminating more than 10,000 jobs nationwide.

On September 15, 2017, Apple closed their doors permanently.

References

External links

Town Center
Forest City Realty Trust
Shopping malls in Ventura County, California
Shopping malls established in 2005
Economy of Simi Valley, California