Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Moses Münz (;  – 15 August 1831), also known as Maharam Mintz () was a Hungarian rabbi. He served as chief rabbi of Alt-Ofen (Óbuda) from 1790 until his death.

Early life and education

Münz was born in Minkowitz around 1750. He studied under Meshullam Egra of Tysmienitz before living for several years in Brody, where he headed a yeshiva and acquired a great reputation as a Talmudical scholar.

Rabbinic career 
At the recommendation of Ezekiel Landau, he was called in 1790 to the chief rabbinate of Alt-Ofen, which had been vacant since the death of Nathan Günsburger in 1781. In 1793 he was appointed chief rabbi of the county of Pest.

Münz's learning spread the reputation of the congregation far beyond the confines of Hungary, and he represented the community at all royal ceremonies. Numerous religious questions were submitted to him from all parts of the Austrian monarchy. He was a brother-in-law of , author of Yam ha-Talmud, and was related by marriage to Moses Sofer, who mentions him in his responsa on Even ha-'Ezer.

Disputes with other rabbinic leaders

Tefillin 
When in 1794 Mordecai Benet warned against the use of tefillin covered with double leathern straps, Münz charged Benet with ignorance, and argued that the use of such tefillin was legal. He was supported in this contention by Phinehas Hurwitz of Frankfurt, Hirsch Levin of Berlin, and Meshullam Egra of Presburg. Later it became known that the Vilna Gaon had expressed the same opinion. Münz induced Aaron Chorin to write to Benet in defense of this view, but Chorin received no answer.

Book approbation 
When Chorin, in 1803, published his ‘Emek ha-shaveh with a cordial approbation by Moses Münz, Benet denounced it as heretical. Two years later the Arad congregation, after Benet's accusation, asked Münz's opinion upon the book. He declared (8 August 1805) that the author was to blame for certain statements in the first part, entitled Rosh Amanah, which were apt to mislead the public, but reaffirmed that the book contained no heresies. Later on, however, Münz summoned Chorin before a rabbinical tribunal at Alt-Ofen. On the second day of its session (1 September 1805) the former failed to appear, and he did not join in the sentence of condemnation of the book pronounced by his two colleagues.

Jewish soldiers eating legumes during Passover 
As Münz had in 1811 ruled that Jewish soldiers could eat pulse on Pesaḥ, Eliezer Liebermann, author of Or Nogah, considered him a liberal, and applied to him for an endorsement of the Reform temple in Hamburg. Münz did not reply, but he wrote to Chorin an anonymous letter in which he decidedly condemned Reform.

Death from cholera 
Münz died of cholera during the 1826–1837 pandemic.

Publications
 
  Delivered on the day of the peace proclamation of Francis I. With German translation by . 
  Sermon inaugurating the Óbuda Synagogue.
  Collection of 26 responsa, with additions by his son Joseph Isaac Münz.
  Annotations to Peri Ya'aḳov, halakhic novellæ written by Jacob ben Moses.

References
 

1750 births
1831 deaths
19th-century Hungarian Jews
Chief rabbis of cities
Deaths from cholera
Hungarian Orthodox rabbis
People from Óbuda
Volodymyr Ivashko may refer

 Volodymyr Antonovych Ivashko (also known as Vladimir Ivashko), a Communist leader of Ukraine
 Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Ivashko, a Governor of Chernihiv Oblast
Pardon My Backfire is a 1953 short subject directed by Jules White starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Shemp Howard). It is the 149th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Plot
The Stooges are auto mechanics who need money in order to marry their sweethearts. While working in their auto garage, some escaped convicts pull in with a damaged fender. While the trio are working on the vehicle, they hear a news flash over the radio about some escaped convicts. They put the pieces together and realize that the baddies are right in their garage. The boys capture the crooks, collect the reward, and marry their sweethearts.

Cast

Credited
 Moe Howard as Moe
 Larry Fine as Larry
 Shemp Howard as Shemp
 Benny Rubin as Charles
 Frank Sully as Algernon
 Phil Arnold as Shiv

Uncredited
 Fred Kelsey as Father
 Barbara Bartay as Gun moll
 Diana Darrin as Bettie
 Angela Stevens as Hettie
 Ruth Godfrey as  Nettie
 Blackie Whiteford as first Policeman
 Leonard Kening as second Policeman
 Jules White as Radio announcer

Production notes
Pardon My Backfire was the second and last short made by Columbia with the Stooges in 3D, the previous being Spooks! (released June 15). Pardon My Backfire premiered on August 15, 1953 with the 3D Columbia western The Stranger Wore a Gun starring Randolph Scott and featuring Lee Marvin and Ernest Borgnine.

Like its predecessor, Pardon My Backfire took five full days to complete filming due to the complexity of shots and angles required for 3D viewing. New Stooge films produced at the time generally took no more than three days to complete, with remakes usually being completed in a single day.

This is the third and final Stooge short with the words "pardon my" in the title.

This was also the last Stooge short featuring longtime supporting actor Fred Kelsey.

During the dinner scene, the song heard on the record is Oh! Susanna.

References

External links 
 
 
Pardon My Backfire at threestooges.net

1953 films
1953 comedy films
The Three Stooges films
American black-and-white films
American 3D films
Films directed by Jules White
1953 3D films
3D short films
Columbia Pictures short films
American comedy short films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films
Captain William Martin (January 30, 1806 – January 17, 1859) was an American merchant who is considered the father of the town of Martin in Tennessee. Because of his significant role in the region, residents gave him the name prefix Captain.

Life 
Captain Martin was born on January 30, 1806, in Halifax, Virginia. He married Sarah Glass on September 30, 1828. Together with his wife and her parents he moved to Weakley County in 1832, where they initially reported owning only eight horses, about five or six slaves, and $2,000 in cash. They first settled six miles northeast of Dresden, Tennessee. There they remained until 1838. Martin's parents also came to Weakley, whereupon they made their new home (about nine miles northwest of Dresden) on a hill north of the present East Side Cemetery one and a half miles northeast, which area is now the town of Martin.  Together with his wife Sarah, he raised nine children. Three of their sons, George Washington Martin, Thomas Dudley Martin and Marshall Presley Martin, were instrumental in the development of the town of Martin.

Martin was the first to plant tobacco plants in Weakley County in 1831. He made his money by trading and shipping the tobacco to New Orleans. That is why Captain Martin had a vision of a railroad through his adopted county beginning in 1840. Since 1852 Martin lobbied for the Hickman and Obion Railroad to extend its existing rail line from Union City to Hickman accordingly. To expedite this, he personally invested $5,000. However, his private property was not sufficient to secure the line construction. As a result, the few citizens in the area were asked to pay a tax for the necessary funds. At the time, he was a very respected man statewide, both economically and politically, which resulted in people paying the tax. In 1857, the Tennessee Supreme Court approved the extension of the railroad through Weakley County.

The line was completed shortly after the start of the American Civil War in 1861. Captain Martin died in 1859, so he never saw his vision of a completed railroad through his adopted county.

External links 

 Captain William Martin at University of Tennessee at Martin

References 

1806 births
1859 deaths
American merchants
19th-century American merchants
People from Halifax, Virginia
RFA Broomdale (A168) was a Dale-class fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary. She spent much of her career in the Indian Ocean and Far East.

Construction and design
The ship was ordered from the British Tanker Company of London from Harland and Wolff and was laid down on 29 December 1936 with Yard number 975. She was one of six tankers purchased during construction by the British Government to allow replacement of worn out ships of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary. She was launched as Broomdale on 2 September 1937, and was completed on 3 November 1937, entering service the same day.

Broomdale was  long overall and  between perpendiculars, with a beam of  and a draught of . She was powered by Doxford diesel engines rated at , giving a speed of . Broomdale displaced , with a deadweight tonnage of . The ship had a Gross register tonnage of 8334 tons and a Net register tonnage of 4967 tons. The ship had a complement of 40.

Service 
While undergoing sea trials at Glasgow on 4 February 1938, Broomdale was involved in a collision with the New Zealand Shipping Company's cargo passenger ship . Broomdale underwent repairs at Greenock. She spent the first year of the war operating between bases in Scotland and Norway, on 16 May 1940 she was attacked by four dive bombers and suffered minor damage from two near misses. Towards the end of 1940 she was moved to operations in the South Atlantic based at Port Stanley.

In April 1942 she was assigned to the British Eastern Fleet at Ceylon. She took part in Operation Stab and spent the next three years fuelling and escorting convoys across the Indian Ocean. On 14 April 1944 she sustained minor damage from the explosion of the  ammunition ship , and then in August was accidentally torpedoed by the submarine , rupturing two tanks and killing one.

After a brief trip back to the UK and the end of hostilities she was sent to the Far East, visiting Shanghai, Tokyo, Yokohama and Hong Kong.

She was refitted in 1947 and continued service across the world until sold in November 1959 and broken up two months later.

Citations

References
 
 

Dale-class oilers
Tankers of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary
1937 ships
Ships built in Govan
Ships built by Harland and Wolff
Michele Parrinello (born 7 September 1945, Messina) is an Italian physicist particularly known for his work in molecular dynamics (the computer simulation of physical movements of atoms and molecules). Parrinello and Roberto Car were awarded the Dirac Medal and the Sidney Fernbach Award in 2009 for their continuing development of the Car–Parrinello method, first proposed in their seminal 1985 paper, "Unified Approach for Molecular Dynamics and Density-Functional Theory". They have continued to receive awards for this breakthrough, most recently the Dreyfus Prize in the Chemical Sciences and the 2020 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Chemistry.

Parrinello also co-authored highly cited publications on "polymorphic transitions in single crystals" and "canonical sampling through velocity rescaling."

Life and career
Michele Parrinello was born in Messina (Sicily) and received his Laurea in physics from the University of Bologna in 1968. After working at the International School for Advanced Studies in Trieste, the IBM research laboratory in Zurich, and the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart, he was appointed Professor of Computational Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich in 2001, a position he also holds at the Università della Svizzera italiana in Lugano. In 2004 he was elected to Great Britain's Royal Society. In 2011 he was awarded the Marcel Benoist Prize. In 2020 he received the Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) in Chemistry. As of 2023, he has received over 130,000 scientific citations and has an h-index of 159, which is one of the highest among all scientists.

Selected notable contributions
 Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics (the original paper on this is now the 5th most highly cited paper in Physical Review Letters)
 Parrinello–Rahman algorithm
 Flying ice cube
 Metadynamics

References

Further reading
Andreoni, W.; Marx, D.; Sprik, M. (2005). "Editorial: a tribute to Michele Parrinello: from physics via chemistry to biology", ChemPhysChem, Volume 6, Issue 9 (Special Issue: Parrinello Festschrift)
Car, R. and Parrinello, M. (1985). "Unified Approach for Molecular Dynamics and Density-Functional Theory" Physical Review Letters, Vol. 55, Issue 22
Kühne, T. D.; Krack, M.; Mohamed, F. R. and Parrinello, M. (2007). "Efficient and Accurate Car-Parrinello-like Approach to Born-Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics" Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, 066401

External links
 Parrinello Research Group at ETH Zürich.

1945 births
Living people
20th-century Italian physicists
Italian expatriates in Switzerland
Scientists from Messina
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the University of Lugano
Schrödinger Medal recipients
Computational chemists
Computational physicists
21st-century Italian physicists
Academic staff of ETH Zurich
Fellows of the American Physical Society
The 1936 Singapore Open, also known as the 1936 Singapore Badminton Championships, took place from 5 September 1936 – 7 February 1937 at the Clerical Union Hall in Balestier, Singapore. The ties were played over a few months with the first round ties being played on the 5th of September and the last (women's singles final) was played on the 7th of February 1937. There was no women's doubles competition due to the lack of entries.

Final results

References 

Singapore Open (badminton)
1936 in badminton
The 2018 American Athletic Conference men's soccer season was the 6th season of men's varsity soccer in the conference. The season began on August 24 and concluded on November 11, 2018.

The regular season was won by UCF, who finished conference play with a 5–1–1 record, and won on tiebreakers against SMU. SMU won the American Tournament, defeating UCF 5–4 in penalty kicks following a 1–1 draw in regulation and overtime. SMU earned the conference's automatic berth into the NCAA Tournament, while UCF and Connecticut received at-large berths into the tournament. In the NCAA Tournament, SMU lost in the first round to Oregon State. Connecticut beat rivals, Rhode Island, in the first round, before losing to Indiana in the second round. UCF was one of the 16 seeded teams (seeded 14th), allowing them to earn a bye into the second round. There, they lost in overtime to Lipscomb.

Following the season, Cal Jennings won the Offensive MVP award for the conference. Jacob Hauser-Ramsey of Connecticut won the Defensive MVP. Fellow UCF players, Louis Perez, Yannik Oettl, and Scott Calabrese won the AAC Midfielder, Goalkeeper, and Coach of the Year awards, respectively. Perez and Jennings were also named All-Americans by United Soccer Coaches.

Emil Cuello was the first AAC player to be drafted in the 2019 MLS SuperDraft, when he was selected by the LA Galaxy with the 19th overall pick in the first round of the draft.

Background

Head coaches

Preseason

Preseason poll 

The preseason poll will be released on August 14, 2018. UCF was picked to win the regular season.

Preseason national rankings 
Two of the programs were ranked in one of the five major preseason polls. CollegeSoccerNews.com and Hero Sports use a Top 30 ranking throughout the season, while United Soccer, Soccer America, and Top Drawer Soccer use a Top 25 ranking throughout the season.

Preseason All-Conference teams 

Preseason All-AAC Team

Regular season

Players of the Week

Rankings

United Soccer

Top Drawer Soccer

Postseason

AAC Tournament 

The 2018 Tournament will be held at the home ground of the regular season winner.

NCAA Tournament

Postseason awards and honors

Conference honors 

 denotes unanimous selection

Regional honors

National honors

American vs other conferences 

Regular Season

Post Season

MLS SuperDraft

Total picks by school

List of selections

Homegrown contracts

References

External links 
 American Athletic Conference Men's Soccer

 
2018 NCAA Division I men's soccer season
Pleasant Grove is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Stone County, Arkansas, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 235. Pleasant Grove is located along Arkansas Highway 14,  east-southeast of Mountain View. Pleasant Grove has a post office with ZIP code 72567.

Demographics

2020 census

References

Unincorporated communities in Stone County, Arkansas
Unincorporated communities in Arkansas
Census-designated places in Stone County, Arkansas
Census-designated places in Arkansas
K. J. Dillon (born May 11, 1993) is a former American football safety. He played college football at West Virginia.

Professional career

Houston Texans
Dillon was drafted by the Houston Texans in the fifth round (159th overall) of the 2016 NFL Draft. He was placed on injured reserve on October 19, 2016.

On September 2, 2017, Dillon was waived by the Texans.

Arizona Cardinals
On December 7, 2017, Dillon was signed to the Arizona Cardinals' practice squad.

Arizona Hotshots
In 2018, Dillon signed with the Arizona Hotshots of the Alliance of American Football for the 2019 season, but was waived on January 10, 2019, before the start of the regular season.

In October 2019, the Houston Roughnecks drafted Dillon during the open phase of the 2020 XFL Draft.

References

External links 
 West Virginia Mountaineers bio

1993 births
Living people
People from Apopka, Florida
Players of American football from Orange County, Florida
American football safeties
West Virginia Mountaineers football players
Houston Texans players
Arizona Cardinals players
Arizona Hotshots players
Tangut is a Unicode block containing characters from the Tangut script, which was used for writing the Tangut language spoken by the Tangut people in the Western Xia Empire, and in China during the Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty.

Tangut characters do not have descriptive character names, but have names derived algorithmically from their code point value (e.g. U+17000 is named TANGUT IDEOGRAPH-17000).

Block

History
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Tangut block:

See also 
 Tangut Supplement (Unicode block)
 Tangut Components (Unicode block)
 Ideographic Symbols and Punctuation (Unicode block)

References 

Unicode blocks
Tangut script
The Spencer Churches (less commonly called the Union Churches) are two African-American Christian denominations in the United States that resulted from an 1860s schism in the Union Church of Africans (also known as African Union Church). That denomination was founded by Peter Spencer, a freed slave, in Wilmington, Delaware in 1813.

History 
The Union American Methodist Episcopal Church was formed in 1865. The following year, a church in Maryland joined the African Union Church, and it was renamed as the African Union First Colored Methodist Protestant Church and Connection, known as the A.U.M.P. Church. 

In May 2012, these two denominations and three other black denominations (the African Methodist Episcopal Church, African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church, and Christian Methodist Episcopal Church) entered into full communion with each other and with the United Methodist Church, which had been predominantly white for much of the late 19th and 20th centuries. The churches had been negotiating such action for ten years, after the United Methodist Church had formally apologized for racial discrimination of the past.

In the early 19th century, some African Americans had founded independent denominations in order to have full authority in their own churches. The AME Church was founded in Philadelphia, the AME Zion Church in New York, and the African Union Church in Wilmington. After the American Civil War, the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church was founded in the South as a black congregation.

Before the American Civil War, the Methodist Episcopal Church had split into Northern and Southern denominations, dividing over the Northern churches' opposition to slavery. In the 20th century, those churches had reunited as the United Methodist Church.

These five denominations agreed to "recognize each other’s churches, share sacraments, and affirm their clergy and ministries."

References

African-American history of Delaware
Historically African-American Christian denominations
History of Christianity in the United States
History of Methodism in the United States
Religious organizations established in 1813
Methodist denominations in North America
Methodist denominations established in the 19th century
1813 establishments in the United States
Wilmington, Delaware
Schilleriella is a genus of wasps belonging to the family Encyrtidae.

The species of this genus are found in Australia.

Species:

Schilleriella brevipterus 
Schilleriella pulchra

References

Encyrtidae
Hymenoptera genera
The King Mango Strut is an annual satirical parade held in Coconut Grove, Florida. Founded by Glenn Terry and Bill Dobson in 1982, it is held on the last Sunday of each year. The parade, which uses the motto "Putting the 'nut' in Coconut Grove", is composed of floats mocking local and national stories from the previous year.

History 

The King Mango Strut was started in 1982 by Glenn Terry and Bill Dobson as a parody of the annual King Orange Jamboree Parade for the Orange Bowl. After Terry and Dobson's group, the Mango Marching Band, was denied entry into the King Orange Jamboree Parade due to their use of kazoos, conch shells, and garbage can drums as instruments, the pair held their own parade, with an initially by simply marking the ends of a street with signs.

In 2009 Glenn Terry and group treasurer Antoinette Baldwin got into a public dispute over the creative direction of the Strut, which culminated in the city choosing Baldwin to run the event, and Terry refusing to march in the parade in protest. The parade is now run by King Mango Productions, a non-profit organization headed by Mike Lucas.

The Strut was on hiatus due to the Covid-19 pandemic and is resuming for 2022 on January 8, 2023.

Overview
The parade lampoons both local and national figures and issues. In 1986, the parade included a group of people dressed as members of the sex and drug trades, calling themselves the "Biscayne Boulevard Chamber of Commerce". In 1996 several floats poked fun at the City of Miami's debt crisis, including a mock auction of city buildings. In 1997 and 2000, floats mocked the area's history of voting irregularities, with the latter year focusing on the issues the state faced during the 2000 presidential election.

There is no stringent entry process for participants. Simply showing up to a meeting and announcing a desire to participate is enough. In one case, a group showed up on the day of the event, with no prior notice, and was allowed to march with the parade.  The Miami chapter of the Sierra Club has participated since 1988, and a local Hare Krishna group is also a long time participant.

References

External links
 King Mango Strut - Official Site

Festivals in Florida
Parades in the United States
Culture of Miami
Tourist attractions in Miami
Coconut Grove (Miami)
1982 establishments in Florida
Recurring events established in 1982