Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The 80th Regiment of Light-Armed Foot was the first light infantry regiment in the British Army.

History
The regiment was raised by Colonel Thomas Gage as the 80th Regiment of Light-Armed Foot in May 1758. The purpose of this unit was to provide a formal regiment that could combat France and its Native American allies during the French and Indian War, while adopting such tactics and equipment that had been proven by Roger's Rangers. Viewing the rangers as often unreliable and ill-disciplined, Lord Loudoun, commander-in-chief in North America following the advice of the Duke of Cumberland; "till Regular Officers with men that they can trust, learn to beat the woods, & act as Irregulars, you will never gain any certain Intelligence of the Enemy...."  Lord Loudoun sought to fill the void by creating two light infantry companies in every British regiment. The men Loudoun would have had lead those companies were sent to Robert Rogers. He formed them into the Cadet Company in the fall of 1757, in which he was charged by Lord Loudoun the task of teaching them the methods of the rangers. Lord Loudoun scrapped his plan when Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Gage proposed raising and clothing a regiment of 500 "rangers" at his own expense, though to be reimbursed if his proposal received royal approval.

The uniform of the 80th consisted of a short, brown regimental coat, brown waistcoat, brown breeches, and black or brown full length gaiters, though there are deserter descriptions with men of Gage's described as wearing blue woolen leggings. The facings on the coat were the same as the main color.  The coat buttons may have been plain pewter painted black or japanned, but might also have been made of black horn. The hat was made from jacked leather and an ostrich plume, giving rise to the nickname of "Leathercaps". It resembled a jockey's cap.

The regiment took part in the Battle of Carillon in July 1758 and the Battle of Ticonderoga in July 1759 during the French and Indian War. A detachment from the regiment went on to take part in the Battle of Devil's Hole during Pontiac's Rebellion before the regiment was disbanded in 1763.

References

Sources

British colonial regiments
Military units and formations of the French and Indian War
Infantry regiments of the British Army
The siege of Opochka was an unsuccessful attempt by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland to conquer the Russian fortress of Opochka during the Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War.

References

Opochka
Opochka 
Opoc
Opochka
Mstislavl
Conflicts in 1517
Military history of Russia
Wild Mouse is the name of a roller coaster at Idlewild and Soak Zone in Ligonier, Pennsylvania. It is the one of two coasters in the park, along with the small classic wooden Rollo Coaster, and its only steel roller coaster.

History
The Wild Mouse was originally designed for Wiener Prater in Vienna, Austria where it operated as Speedy Gonzalez from 1985 to 1987.  Built by Vekoma, it is thus far the only wild mouse coaster designed by this corporation. It was later moved to Alton Towers, an amusement park in Staffordshire, England. When it opened there in 1987, its  name was the Alton Mouse. The ride featured a covered lift hill there, which was used to conceal the treacherous curves at the top of the hill from patrons until they reached the top. The lift hill was also tilted, which suggests that the cover was a rotating tunnel, which with the tilting track, created the effect of going upside-down. The Alton Mouse was closed in 1992, partly because the harsh curve and braking system had diminished its popularity, but mainly because the area of the park it was located in was small and the ride was popular, causing congestion. Local residents also complained of the noise levels, so when the Alton Mouse was removed, so were the other rides in the area, which was closed off from the rest of the park.

In 1993, the Wild Mouse reopened at Idlewild. The track was originally painted a rust red with black supports when the ride first moved to Idlewild. Rough air brakes continued to hinder the ride until 2002, when a new, much smoother magnetic braking system was installed by Pribonics Technologies and the color scheme was changed to gray track, still with black supports.

The Wild Mouse features a traditional setup, including tight, unbanked curves and short but steep hills.  However, the ride's height is somewhat taller than that of the average wild mouse coaster and includes a somewhat rougher ride.

The ride did not operate at all during the 2012 season. However, the coaster was testing in early July 2013. On July 14, Wild Mouse ride reopened to the public.

Trivia
Wild Mouse is the only "Mouse" coaster ever built by Vekoma.

References

External links 
 Youtube video on-board Wild Mouse

Roller coasters in Pennsylvania
Roller coasters introduced in 1985
Roller coasters introduced in 1993
Wild Mouse roller coasters
1985 establishments in Pennsylvania
Biebrza National Park () is a national park in Podlaskie Voivodeship, northeastern Poland, situated along the Biebrza River.

The largest of Poland's 23 national parks, the Biebrza National Park was created on 9 September 1993. Its total area is , of which forests cover 155.47 km2, fields and meadows covering 181.82 km2 and marshes with an area of 254.94 km2.

Biebrza Marshes

The Biebrza Marshes  are the most precious part of the park. Biebrza National Park protects vast and relatively untouched fenlands with a unique variety of several communities of plants, rare wetland birds, and mammals such as elk and beaver. The Biebrza wetlands as well as the Narew River valleys are very important centres for birds’ nesting, feeding and resting. In 1995 the park was designated as a wetland site of worldwide significance and is under the protection of the Ramsar Convention.

Red Marshes

The most important part of the park is Red Marsh (), which is under strict protection.

The park's headquarters is located in Osowiec-Twierdza 8 village, within the grounds of the historic Osowiec Fortress from the 19th century, near Goniądz.

2020 April fires 
On 18 April 2020 a fire broke out that destroyed at least 6 thousand hectares of grass and woodland. This fire was caused by illegal grass burning. While usually the fire would have been put out with the onset of the flooding of the grassland, this year's low water level meant that the fire kept on raging until it was finally declared under control on April 26. It has been the most devastating fire since 1992.

References

External links 
 
 
 The Board of Polish National Parks
 Awarded "EDEN – European Destinations of Excellence" non traditional tourist destination 2010

National parks of Poland
Parks in Podlaskie Voivodeship
Osowiec-Twierdza
Protected areas established in 1993
Ramsar sites in Poland
1993 establishments in Poland
Alder carrs
Central European mixed forests
Thomas Foley, 1st Baron Foley (8 August 1716 – 18 November 1777), was a British landowner and politician.

Foley was the son of Thomas Foley MP and his wife Hester (née Andrews) and was educated at Westminster School (1724–732) and Trinity College, Cambridge (from 1732). The Foley family descended from the prominent ironmaster Thomas Foley.

He succeeded his father in 1749, inheriting the Stoke Edith estate in Herefordshire. Foley was also the cousin, namesake and heir of Thomas Foley, 2nd Baron Foley (a title which became extinct on the latter's death in 1766), thus also inheriting Witley Court and the extensive Great Witley estate.  This included ironworks at Wilden and Shelsley Walsh, which were leased about at the end of his life.

He was elected to the House of Commons for Droitwich in 1741, a constituency he represented until 1746 and again from 1754 to 1768, followed by election to represent Herefordshire between 1768 and 1776. The latter year the title previously held by his cousin was revived when Foley was raised to the peerage as Baron Foley of Kidderminster in the County of Worcester.

Lord Foley married Grace (d. 1769), daughter of George Granville, 1st Baron Lansdowne, in 1740. They had seven children:

 Thomas Foley, 2nd Baron Foley (1742–1793), to whose family he devised the Great Witley estate
 Grace Foley (1 January 1743 – 9 January 1813), married James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Clanbrassil, on 21 May 1774
 Edward Foley (1747–1803), to whose family he devised his paternal Stoke Edith estate
 Andrew Foley (c. 1748–1816), to whose family he devised the Newent estate
 Anne Foley (d. 9 December 1794), married Sir Edward Winnington, 2nd Baronet on 12 September 1776
 Elizabeth Foley (bef. 1769 – 13 October 1776)
 Mary Foley (d. December 1844), married Richard Clerk

Foley died in November 1777, aged 61. He was succeeded in the barony by the eldest son, Thomas.

References 

 Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
 Will of 1st Lord Foley
 www.thepeerage.com
 

1716 births
1777 deaths
People from Malvern Hills District
People educated at Westminster School, London
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Peers of Great Britain created by George III
Politicians from Worcestershire
Politics of Herefordshire
English ironmasters
18th-century English businesspeople
Foley, Thomas
British MPs 1741–1747
British MPs 1754–1761
British MPs 1761–1768
British MPs 1768–1774
British MPs 1774–1780
Thomas
1
Hayt's Chapel and Schoolhouse consists of a historic church and a historic school building located at Ithaca in Tompkins County, New York. The chapel is a small rectangular frame gable roofed structure constructed in 1847 and measuring approximately 20 feet by 40 feet. The structure features a number of Gothic Revival details. There is a small entrance vestibule added sometime in the 1930s or 1940s when the building was converted for school use.

In 1996, the Town of Ithaca honored the location with a historic marker. The buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Chapel
Passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 split members of Ithaca's Presbyterian congregation (located next to DeWitt Park). The church's Rev. Dr. William Wisner was strongly pro-slavery, and a number of anti-slavery church members split with the congregation to establish their own church. This group, headed by prominent abolitionist Charles Hayt, along with Murdock Halsey and others, set up a small gothic church on land donated by Hayt.

Hayt's Chapel was referred to as the "Abolition Church" and was thought to have been a stop on the Underground Railroad, which roughly followed the western shore of Cayuga Lake along route 96. Abolitionist meetings were held in the schoolhouse and chapel.

Schoolhouse
Hayt's Schoolhouse was built prior to the church, in the 1830s and is a one-story frame "T" shaped building in the Greek Revival style. The one-room school remained in use until 1964 and has since been converted to an apartment. The schoolhouse retains features such as its blackboard and flagpole.

References

Properties of religious function on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Defunct schools in New York (state)
Churches on the Underground Railroad
Churches completed in 1847
19th-century churches in the United States
Churches in Tompkins County, New York
1847 establishments in New York (state)
Buildings and structures in Ithaca, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Tompkins County, New York
Underground Railroad in New York (state)
Ronojoy "Rono" Dutta was an Indian aviation executive. He was the CEO of InterGlobe Aviation Limited which operates IndiGo until he retired in June 2022 and Pieter Elbers took over. He previously served as the President of United Airlines from 1999 to 2002.

Career 
Dutta is the co-founder, managing director, member of management committee, and member of investment committee at Achuthan & Co. L.L.C. Prior to working here, Dutta was a partner at the firm and also a strategic advisor of AAR Corp. With over 25 years of experience, in the aviation industry, Dutta has a lot to offer.

He served as the senior vice-president, planning and revenue management at United Airlines from 1995 to 1999. He was then promoted president of United and served till 2002.

He became the chairman of the Air Sahara in July 2004. He was then additionally made the president of Sahara Air Limited in 2006. He worked for Sahara till 2008. Under him the sales grew at 35 percent a year.

In 2007, Dutta joined US-based AAR Corporation as a strategic adviser for the Indian market.

On 24 January 2019, he took the role of CEO, InterGlobe Aviation Limited.

Organizations 
 Member of board of trustees of Ravinia Festival in Chicago.

Education 
Dutta studied in St. Edmund's School, Shillong and obtained his degrees from the IIT Kharagpur and Harvard Business School.

References

External links 
 http://www.state.il.us/agency/idol/wm/2001/Book/dutta.htm
 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American people of Indian descent
United Airlines people
IIT Kharagpur alumni
Harvard Business School alumni
Indian emigrants to the United States
People associated with Shillong
The coat of arms of Uganda was adopted three weeks before the proclamation of independence by the Uganda Legislative Council. On 1 October 1962 the arms were approved by Governor of Uganda Walter Coutts, and formally established by law on 9 October.

The shield and spears represent the willingness of the Ugandan people to defend their country. There are three images on the shield: those on top represent the waves of Lake Victoria and Lake Albert; the sun in the centre represents the many days of brilliant sunshine Uganda enjoys; and the traditional drum at the bottom is symbolic of dancing, and the summoning of people to meetings and ceremony.

The above explanation, about the symbolism of the drum, is a distortion that came about after the bloody 1966 national crisis when the Prime Minister of the day, Milton Obote, made a violent military attack on the king of the Kingdom of Buganda in central Uganda, Edward Mutesa II, who was the ceremonial president of the state at the time. The following year, 1967, the nation's constitution was abrogated and replaced with a new one which abolished the country's ancient monarchies—the kingdoms of Buganda, Bunyoro, Ankole, Toro, and the Principality of Busoga, turning Uganda into a republic and making Milton Obote president with unlimited executive powers.

Before Obote's rule, the drum was symbolic of royalty and the authority of Uganda's kings.  On a related note, the kings of Uganda were the first to use the traditional lentil shaped African shield in their heraldic arms.

The shield is flanked on the heraldic left side by a crested crane (Balearica regulorum gibbericeps), a subspecies of the grey-crowned crane and the national bird of Uganda. On the right is the Ugandan kob (Kobus kob thomasi), a subspecies of kob that here represents abundant wildlife.

The shield stands on a green mound, representing fertile land, and directly above a representation of the River Nile.  Two main cash crops, coffee and cotton, flank the river. At the bottom is the national motto: "For God and My Country".

Blazon 
For arms, sable upon the fess point a sun in his splendour and in base a Uganda drum gold the skin and guy-ropes argent, a chief barry wavy of six azure and argent; behind the shield two Uganda spears of estate crossed in saltire proper; and upon a compartment representing a grassy mound down the centre of which flows a river between in dexter a sprig of coffee and in sinister a sprig of cotton, both leaved and fructed proper, for supporters, on the dexter side a male Uganda kob proper and on the sinister side a crested crane likewise proper; together with this motto, FOR GOD AND MY COUNTRY.

See also
 Armorial of Africa

References

National symbols of Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Uganda
Aleksandar "Aleks" Vrteski (; born 28 September 1988) is a former footballer who played as a goalkeeper who plays for Stirling Lions. Born in Australia, he represented Australia internationally before switching to represent Macedonia.

Club career
Having been involved with Perth Glory's former youth development scheme, Future Glory, in the past, Vrteski was invited by technical manager, Mich d'Avray, to train with the first team as part of the Pathway to Glory initiative midway through 2005. Vrteski was signed from the Australian Institute of Sport and was the youngest player in the A-League for the 2006-07 season.

In October 2006, Aleks became the club's first choice goalkeeper for the 06/07 season for the first few rounds but was replaced by Jason Petkovic. Petkovic suffered a season (and possibly career) ending injury in Round Nine and Vrteski was a starter for a few more games until the club signed Tommi Tomich who replaced Vrteski in the starting line-up. Vrteski made a move overseas to play for Macedonian club FK Pobeda in 2007 and returned to Australia to sign for Perth Glory for the second time in his career in 2009 where he played as a backup to Tando Velaphi.

Aleks Vrteski has signed with Solo FC in Liga Primer Indonesia. On 22 November 2012 it was announced that the player had been loaned to Newcastle Jets as an injury replacement.

A-League career statistics 
(Correct as of 8 March 2010)

International career
Vrteski has played for Australia at U-17 and U-20 levels. The 17-year-old made his debut for the Young Socceroos, keeping a clean sheet in a 4–0 win over Sri Lanka in Colombo to seal the U-20s' place in the Asian Youth Championships.

As a member of Macedonia U-21 team he played for the friendly match against Croatia U-21 on 11 February 2009.

References

External links
 Perth Glory profile
 Macedonian Football 

1988 births
Living people
People from Karratha, Western Australia
Macedonian men's footballers
North Macedonia men's youth international footballers
Australian men's soccer players
Australia men's youth international soccer players
Australian people of Macedonian descent
Australian expatriate men's soccer players
A-League Men players
Macedonian First Football League players
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Indonesian Premier League players
National Premier Leagues players
Perth Glory FC players
FK Pobeda players
Persis Solo players
Persija Jakarta (IPL) players
Newcastle Jets FC players
Stirling Macedonia FC players
Inglewood United FC players
Expatriate men's footballers in Indonesia
Australian expatriate sportspeople in Indonesia
Australian Institute of Sport soccer players
Men's association football goalkeepers
Soccer players from Western Australia
Albany is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community located in Bryan County, Oklahoma, United States, on State Highway 70E. The post office opened July 10, 1894. The community was named for Albany, New York. The population is 118 from the 2020 census, a decrease from 143 in 2010. The area code is 580.

Demographics

References

Unincorporated communities in Bryan County, Oklahoma
Unincorporated communities in Oklahoma
Ayumi Hamasaki Trouble Tour 2020 A: Saigo no Trouble – Final is Japanese pop singer Ayumi Hamasaki's 45th video release. It was released on January 27, 2021.

The concert was a special online live event that was held on October 2, 2020 – Hamasaki's 42nd birthday – and streamed through Mu-mo, serving as the final concert of her Trouble Tour 2020 A: Saigo no Trouble.

Background

The concert was the finale of the Trouble Tour, which had to be put on hold and was eventually cancelled as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, after 65 performances lasting from 2018 to 2020. A total of 35 performances had to be cancelled, which resulted in the show being reconstructed for the online live event.
The show features first-time performances of songs such as "It Was" and "Bye-bye Darling".

Release

The concert was released in two formats: a standard DVD version and the Blu-ray version. Both versions include a 40-page photobook.

The live streamed version had previously been available for a week after the performance on Mu-mo, until October 9, 2020, as a video on demand.

Track listing

Charts

References

2021 live albums
Ayumi Hamasaki video albums
Avex Group video albums
Acacia zatrichota is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Lycopodiifoliae. It is native to a small area in the Kimberley region of Western Australia.

The shrub typically grows to a height of  and produces yellow flowers in July.

See also
 List of Acacia species

References

zatrichota
Acacias of Western Australia
Taxa named by Alex George
Bill C-31 may refer to the following bills:
"An Act to Amend the Indian Act", a 1985 act amending the Canadian Indian Act
An Act to Amend the Canada Elections Act and the Public Service Employment Act, a 2007 act
"Protecting Canada's Immigration System Act", a 2012 act
An Act to Implement Certain Provisions of the Budget Tabled in Parliament on February 11, 2014 and Other Measures, a 2014 act including provisions on bitcoin

Canadian federal legislation
Hellmaster (also known as Soulstealer) is a 1992 American horror film written and directed by Douglas Shulze, and starring John Saxon. The plot follows a psychotic college professor who uses unsuspecting students as laboratory rats, injecting them with a drug that mutates them into brutal killers.

Plot
Part of a secret government eugenics project, crazed biochemistry professor Jones (John Saxon) committed terrible crimes on his college campus in the late 1960s before one of his colleagues burned the college to put a deadly end to his spree. Jones is presumed dead, but a series of murders twenty years later raises questions of whether he has somehow managed to return. In actuality, Jones's drug experiments have turned him into a superhuman. Having teleported himself to safety during the fire, he has been living underground continuing his experiments. With an injection, he is able to turn people into mutants who will follow his will. With the help of his zombie-like army, Jones plans to access his stores of his "Nietzsche Drug" in the catacombs beneath the campus. Standing against him are three people: a psychic, a reporter and a woman who has already survived one supernatural attack. The psychic determines that she herself must take the Nietzsche Drug so she can face the mad professor and his mutant slaves.

Cast
 John Saxon as Professor Jones
 David Emge as Reporter
 Jeff Rector as Jesse
 Amy Raasch as Shelley
 Edward Stevens as Drake
 Sean Sweeney as Joel
 Melissa Zafarana as Tracy
 Jim Riethmiller as Harrold
 Sarah Barkoff as Little Girl

Home media

The film's initial home video release VHS was distributed through AIP in 1992.

The film was released on DVD on September 19, 2006 and includes audio commentary from director Shulze and one of the producers, along with a conceptual art gallery, and a behind-the-scenes gallery.

References

External links
 
 
 New York Times overview
 

1992 films
1992 horror films
1990s psychological thriller films
American supernatural horror films
1990s English-language films
1990s American films
Wolf Emil Wohlwill (24 November 1835 in Seesen – 2 February 1912 in Hamburg) was a German-Jewish engineer of electrochemistry. He invented the Wohlwill process in 1874.

Literary works 
 Galilei und sein Kampf für die copernikanische Lehre, the 1st volume, 1909
 the 2nd volume, 1926

See also 
 Wohlwill process
 Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome

References
Gold Avenue Encyclopedia

1835 births
1912 deaths
People from Seesen
People from the Duchy of Brunswick
19th-century German Jews
Engineers from Lower Saxony