Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Deutsche Schule Alexander von Humboldt Lima () is a German international school with two campuses in Lima, Peru: one in Miraflores and one in Surco, with a recreational centre in Huampaní. The school serves levels from Kindergarten through Abitur and the Peruvian bachillerato.

It was established in March 1910 after decades of organization. Its first director was Erich Zurkalowski. The school was closed from 1942 to 1952 due to World War II and reopened under its current name.

History
On April 1, 1872, the school opened its doors with the name of Instituto de Lima. The following year the first stone of the premises was laid in Alameda Grau in the presence of President Manuel Pardo y Lavalle, whose government would provide the necessary support for the school. It was in those years that German and Latin began to be taught, bringing in teachers from the Royal Gymnasium in Cologne.

During the War of the Pacific, the institute's activities were affected as the new premises had not even been opened. By 1889 the school opened, and although the school was directed by a German director, this language was losing prominence in the institution.

Deutsche Schule
In 1910, the intention to create an authentic Deutsche Schule in Lima came from the initiative of some members of the German community in Peru. The first location was located on Calle del Mascarón, in Cuzco Street, until 1915, then moving to Botica San Pedro Street, until 1923. The first director of this school would be the Lutheran Erich Zurkalowski.

At first, only students of German origin were accepted, but as of 1911 Peruvian students began to be admitted, although most of the classes were taught in German, with teachers such as the renowned Raúl Porras Barrenechea, Luis Alberto Sánchez, Augusto Weberbauer and Jorge Guillermo Leguía, as well as former German soldiers of the Great War. By 1922 the school had to face the problem of not being able to teach in German, since only English and French were allowed to be taught as foreign languages, although after protests German was once again taught in the school.

The college sought the same position as a German Realschule, taking the first official German exam in 1935. The following year the secondary school that followed the Peruvian curriculum was dissolved, adopting the model of a German secondary school, and, by 1938, Germany recognized the school as a higher level school.

World War II forced the school to close its doors in 1942, and it later reopened on the 1st of April, 1952 under its current name.

Notable alumni
 Martín Adán - writer
 Fernando Belaúnde Terry - President of Peru
 Jorge Basadre - historian
 Guillermo Lohmann Villena - historian
 Estuardo Núñez Hague- writer
  - writer
 Andrés Wiese - actor
 Juliane Koepcke - mammologist

Notable faculty
 Luis Alberto Sanchez - Peruvian writer
 Augusto Weberbauer - German scholar

See also
 German Peruvian

References

External links
 
  Deutsche Schule Alexander von Humboldt Lima
  Deutsche Schule Alexander von Humboldt Lima

Private schools in Peru
Lima
International schools in Lima
King Clone is thought to be the oldest creosote bush ring in the Mojave Desert. The ring is estimated to be 11,700 years old, making it one of the oldest living organisms on Earth. This single clonal colony plant of Larrea tridentata reaches up to  in diameter, with an average diameter of .

Geography 
The King Clone ring is on restricted-access land in the central Mojave Desert, near the towns of Lucerne Valley and Landers. It is in the Creosote Rings Preserve of the Lucerne Valley and Johnson Valley.

Dating methodology 
King Clone was identified and the age estimated by Frank Vasek, a professor at the University of California, Riverside. After Vasek hypothesized that the creosote ring was, in fact, one organism, Leonel da Silveira Lobo O'Reilly Sternberg (then a graduate student working in Vasek's lab), documented that plants within a ring had more similar  characteristics than those from other plant clusters.  Vasek then used two methods to estimate the age of the ring.  One method counted rings and measured the distance of annual growth, and the other used radiocarbon dating on pieces of wood found in the center of the ring, and measuring their distances from each other and the living bushes. The two dating methods yielded similar results (age about 11,700 years).

Public appearances
This plant was in the 'Desert Worlds' episode of the David Attenborough TV series The Green Planet where he revisited the plant in 2022, after previously filming it in 1982. The plant had grown by less than one inch (25 mm) during this time.

See also 

 List of oldest trees
 Fairy ring

References

External links 
 National Park Service: Creosote Bush webpage
 Jepson Flora Project: Larrea tridentata

King
Natural history of San Bernardino County, California
Individual plants
King
Larrea
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
Larrea tridentata
Symbols of California
Oldest organisms
Jamison is a small village in Warwick Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States, along Pennsylvania Route 263. Its ZIP Code is 18929. Jamison Elementary School of the Central Bucks School District is located in Jamison.

References

Unincorporated communities in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania
Isaac James may refer to:

 Isaac James (band), an American rock band
 Isaac James (Medal of Honor) (1838–1914), American soldier who fought in the American Civil War

See also
 Isaak James, American film director and actor
Roridomyces praeclarus is a species of fungus in the genus Roridomyces, family Mycenaceae.

Taxonomy
The species was originally named Mycena praeclara by Egon Horak in 1978.

Description
The cap is up to  wide, hemispherical or convex when young becoming umbilicate or applanate with age. Its color is deep orange to reddish-orange, fading with age. The cap center is granular, dry, with indistinct grooves extending towards the margin. The gills have an arcuate to decurrent attachment to the stipe. They are white with a smooth edge that is the same color as the rest of the gill. The white, cylindrical stipe is up to  and about 1 mm thick. It has pale orange coloration towards base, and is slimy when wet. Fruit bodies grow singly, not in dense groups or clusters. The mushroom has no distinctive odor or taste. The flesh of the cap is pale orange.

Habitat and distribution
The fruit bodies of R. praeclarus grow on rotting leaves and twigs in rain forests of Papua New Guinea.

References

External links

Mycenaceae
Fungi of New Guinea
Fungi described in 1978
Muses for Richard Davis is the debut album by bassist Richard Davis recorded in 1969 and released on the German MPS label.

Reception
Allmusic awarded the album 3½ stars with a review stating, "It's a meeting of post-bop titans who not only know how to play, but also how to play together".

Track listing 
 "Milktrain" (Jimmy Knepper) - 6:03   
 "A Child is Born" (Thad Jones) - 5:00   
 "Softly, as in a Morning Sunrise" (Sigmund Romberg, Oscar Hammerstein II) - 9:25   
 "What Is It?" (Pepper Adams) - 7:00   
 "Muses for Richard Davis" (Roland Hanna) - 5:00   
 "Toe Tail Moon" (Jerry Dodgion) - 4:55

Personnel 
Richard Davis - bass
Freddie Hubbard - trumpet
Jimmy Knepper - trombone
Jerry Dodgion - alto saxophone
Eddie Daniels - tenor saxophone
Pepper Adams - baritone saxophone
Roland Hanna - piano
Louis Hayes - drums

References 

Richard Davis (bassist) albums
1970 albums
MPS Records albums
Albums produced by Joachim-Ernst Berendt
Ayah Moaataz (born 15 March 1997) is an Egyptian chess player and Woman Grandmaster.

She came shared second (fourth on tiebreak) with 6.5/9 in the Under 16/18 African Youth Championships in South Africa in 2012.

Moaataz played first board for the Egyptian women's team at the 2011 Pan Arab Games, where her team won the bronze medal  and also played board three at the 41st Chess Olympiad in Tromso, scoring 6.5/11.

She came second at the African Women's Chess Championship in 2013 scoring 7/9 and qualified for the Women's World Chess Championship 2014 by winning the Egyptian Women's Championship in Cairo in early 2014.

Moaataz is coached by the Algerian FIDE Trainer and Fide Master Saim Mohamed Ilias

References

External links
 

1997 births
Living people
Egyptian chess players
Egyptian female chess players
Chess Woman International Masters
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Egyptian women
21st-century Egyptian people
Classes Plantarum ('Classes of plants', Leiden, Oct. 1738) is a book that was written by Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, physician, zoologist and naturalist.

The Latin-language book is an elaboration of aphorisms 53–77 of his Fundamenta Botanica and a complementary volume to his Species Plantarum, Genera Plantarum, Critica Botanica, and Philosophia Botanica.

Bibliographic details
Full bibliographic details including exact dates of publication, pagination, editions, facsimiles, brief outline of contents, location of copies, secondary sources, translations, reprints, manuscripts, travelogues, and commentaries are given in Stafleu and Cowan's Taxonomic Literature.

See also
 Systema Naturae

References

Bibliography
 Stafleu, Frans A. & Cowan, Richard S. 1981. "Taxonomic Literature. A Selective Guide to Botanical Publications with dates, Commentaries and Types. Vol III: Lh–O." Regnum Vegetabile 105.
 Linnaeus, Carl 1738. Classes Plantarum. Leiden: Conrad Wishoff. Disponible at Gallica.

1738 books
Botanical nomenclature
Botany books
Carl Linnaeus
1738 in science
Biology and natural history in the Dutch Republic
18th-century Latin books
The 2023–24 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season is an upcoming event of the annual cycle of tropical cyclone and subtropical cyclone formation. It begins on 15 November 2023, and will end on 30 April 2024, with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles, for which it will end on 15 May 2024. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical and subtropical cyclones form in the basin, which is west of 90°E and south of the Equator. However, tropical cyclones can form year-round, and all tropical cyclones that will form between 1 July 2023 and 30 June 2024 will be part of the season. Tropical and subtropical cyclones in this basin are monitored by the Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre in Réunion and unofficially by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.



Storm names
Within the South-West Indian Ocean, tropical depressions and subtropical depressions that are judged to have 10-minute sustained windspeeds of 65 km/h (40 mph) by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center on Réunion island, France (RSMC La Réunion) are usually assigned a name. However, it is the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Centers in Mauritius and Madagascar who name the systems. The Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Mauritius Meteorological Services) in Mauritius names a storm if it intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 55°E and 90°E. If instead a cyclone intensifies into a moderate tropical storm between 30°E and 55°E then the Sub-Regional Tropical Cyclone Advisory Center (Meteo Madagascar) in Madagascar assigns the appropriate name to the storm. Storm names are taken from three pre-determined lists of names, which rotate on a triennial basis, with any names that have been used automatically removed. New names this season are: Alvaro, Belal, Candice, Djoungou, Eleanor, Filipo, Gamane, Hidaya, Ialy, and Jeremy. They replaced Alicia, Bongoyo, Chalane, Danilo, Eloise, Faraji, Guambe, Habana, Iman, and Jobo during the 2020–21 season.

Season effects
This table lists all of the tropical cyclones and subtropical cyclones that were monitored during the 2023–2024 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season. Information on their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, primarily comes from RSMC La Réunion. Death and damage reports come from either press reports or the relevant national disaster management agency while the damage totals are given in 2023 or 2024 USD.

See also

Weather of 2023 and 2024
List of Southern Hemisphere cyclone seasons
Tropical cyclones in 2023 and 2024
Atlantic hurricane seasons: 2023, 2024
Pacific hurricane seasons: 2023, 2024
Pacific typhoon seasons: 2023, 2024
North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 2023, 2024
2023–24 Australian region cyclone season
2023–24 South Pacific cyclone season

References

External links

 Météo-France La Réunion 
 Alternative website
 Direction Générale de la Météorologie de Madagascar 
 Mauritius Meteorological Services
 Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)

2023-24
Manley Hall may refer to

Manley Hall, Erbistock, at Erbistock south of Wrexham
Manley Hall, Manchester, a demolished house in Whalley Range
Manley Hall, Staffordshire, a partly demolished country house near Lichfield

Architectural disambiguation pages
Henry Edson "Eddie" Matteson (September 7, 1884 to September 1, 1943), was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played with the Philadelphia Phillies in  and the Washington Senators in . He batted and threw right-handed.

He was born in Guys Mills, Pennsylvania and died in Westfield, New York.

External links

1884 births
1943 deaths
Major League Baseball pitchers
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Philadelphia Phillies players
Washington Senators (1901–1960) players
Troy Trojans (minor league) players
Ridgway (minor league baseball) players
Elmira Colonels players
Dallas Giants players
Dallas Marines players
New Orleans Pelicans (baseball) players
Salt Lake City Bees players
Houston Buffaloes players
Nashville Vols players
Beaumont Exporters players
Reading Keystones players
Newark Bears (International League) players
Providence Grays (minor league) players
Scranton Miners players
York White Roses players
In breechloading firearms, primary extraction is the initial phase (the first few millimeters) of the extraction of a spent casing from the firearm chamber. After the primary extraction comes the secondary extraction where the bolt is moved further backwards, and the extraction is then normally finished with the spent cartridge being ejected.

The first few millimeters of extraction tend to require a much higher peak force than the rest of the extraction due to the spent casing sticking against the chamber walls. The case is not chemically sticking as it still rotates with the bolt, gripped by the extractor claw on the rim. The mechanical sticking effect is a result from the case having expanded due to the high pressures during firing, and the extra initial force required can, depending on firearm design, make the extraction difficult for the user. Selfloading rifles usually don't have a separate motion for primary extraction, but instead depend on using a lot of force in order to start the extraction.

Different designs are used for ensuring reliable extraction in manual mechanisms, with most of them being based on the principle of mechanical advantage. The camming action seen in many bolt-action rifles is an example of mechanical advantage being used for chambering and extraction. There are examples of some firearm designs being less successful due to poor design around the primary extraction, which can result in a stuck case in the chamber. Notably some pump and straight pull mechanisms are perceived as having the advantage over bolt actions that they are faster and require fewer body movements to operate by the user, however, they are often more complex than traditional bolt action designs, and often have little or no primary extraction lacking the mechanical advantage of a turn bolt which can lead to stoppages. There are some examples of straight pull and pump action rifles notorious for having extraction problems.

The Blaser R8 straight-pull rifle design has been reported to have no issues with primary extraction. In this design, the bolt head moves in a purely linear motion, and except for the bolt handle cam when opening or closing the action,  operation by the shooter is also purely linear. The Heym SR 30 is another successful straight-pull design which features a bolt with ball bearings as locking elements. Here the primary extraction is performed by retracting the bolt handle, which uses leverage from the opposite side of the bolt to swing the handle to the open position, giving a mechanical advantage.

See also 
 List of straight-pull rifles
 List of pump-action rifles

References

External links 
 Article: Primary extraction timing on Remington 700 - LongRifles, Inc.
 Video: Different types of primary extraction and how they work
 Video: Demonstration of primary extraction on a Remington 700

Firearm terminology
Daniel John Hughes (19 September 1869 – 11 February 1951) was a Taranaki and New Zealand rugby union player.  He is number 51 on the list of New Zealand national rugby union players.

Biography 
Born in Patea, Hughes was educated at Manaia School, Taranaki. Playing in the hooker position, Hughes represented the Waimate (Manaia) and later Tukapa rugby clubs as well as the Taranaki Rugby Football Union at provincial level.

At the age of 24, Hughes played one match for the New Zealand national rugby union team, against New South Wales at Lancaster Park in Christchurch on 15 September 1894. New South Wales had lost seven out of its eight games prior to the international including 6–21 in its game against Taranaki, in which Hughes played.  However, New Zealand unexpectedly lost to New South Wales by 6 points to 8. Alfred Bayly who was the New Zealand captain scored a try before leaving the field injured with concussion, which seriously affected the home side. After the New South Wales loss, New Zealand did not play another match until against a touring Queensland team in 1896.

Hughes was regarded as having a powerful physique and was an accomplished wrestler.

In later life Hughes stood for the New Zealand Parliament as a New Zealand Liberal Party candidate in the Taranaki electorate.  He was runner up in the 1914 New Zealand general election to Henry Okey of the Reform Party (New Zealand).  Hughes was also a director of the Kaupokonui Dairy Company and a member of the Waimate Council.

References

1869 births
1951 deaths
New Zealand rugby union players
New Zealand international rugby union players
Taranaki rugby union players
People from Taranaki
Rugby union hookers
was a Kamakura to Muromachi period Japanese castle located in the city of Kitakata, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. The site has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 2009.

Background
Shingū Castle was located in the northwestern portion of Aizu Basin, and was built in 1212 by the Shingū clan, a cadet branch descended from the noted warrior Sahara Yoshitsura. The Sahara had been awarded a shōen in Iwaki Province by Hōjō Tokiyori for their assistance in the destruction of the Miura clan, and the sixth son of Sahara Yoshitsura changed his name to "Shingū" and ruled over the estate for the next 200 years. During the Muromachi period, the Shingū clan came into conflict with the neighboring Ashina clan, and in a series of battles across the Aizu area, fought with the Ashina from 1415 to 1420. Shingū castle fell to the Ashina in 1420, and the surviving Shingū clansmen fled across the mountains to Echigo Province, where they were finally annihilated by the Ashina in 1433.

The castle was a flatland-style castle with a roughly square layout consisting of an inner bailey measuring roughly 120 meters east–west x 147 meters north-south, surrounded by an outer bailey measuring roughly 480 meters east–west and 440 meters north–south. Both baileys were protected by moats and by earthen ramparts. The north–south moats utilize natural streams, and are connected by east–west artificial channels.

The ruins of the castle have now become paddy fields, and only a slight trace of the remains are visible. In an excavation survey in 2006, an underground timber structure was found at a depth of 5 meters from the southeast corner of the inner bailey ruins. The structure was square with 2.7 meters sides, and a columns of about 4 meters in height. The use is unknown, but may have been the foundations of a yagura watchtower.

Excavated artifacts included small copper statues, which are thought to be talismans of Bishamon, from the site of outer bailey, and shards of medieval ceramics and whetstones. In an excavation survey in 2006, an elephant-shaped blue and white porcelain, presumed to have been made in Jingdezhen, China in the 13-14th century.

The site is located approximately 3.9 kilometers from Kitakata Station on the JR East Banetsu West Line. Currently, there is only a stone monument standing next to the parking lot on Prefectural Route 336, and there are no information boards installed or other public facilities.

See also
List of Historic Sites of Japan (Fukushima)

Literature

References

External links
 Kitakata city home page 

Castles in Fukushima Prefecture
Mutsu Province
Ruined castles in Japan
Kitakata, Fukushima
Historic Sites of Japan
Pinlebu Township  is a township in Kawlin District (formerly part of Katha District) in the Sagaing Division of Burma. The principal town is Pinlebu.

References

External links
Maplandia World Gazetteer - map showing the township boundary

Townships of Sagaing Region
"Higher State of Consciousness" is a song by American DJ Josh Wink. It was first released in March 1995. In 2022, Rolling Stone ranked it number 128 in their list of the "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time".

Background
The song was initially a hit in the United Kingdom in 1995, where it reached number eight on the UK Singles Chart. The official 'Original Tweekin' Acid Funk Mix' was remixed by several artists the following year. The radio edit was remixed by Dex and Jonesey and the single peaked at number seven on the UK Singles Chart. The track was remixed for a third time in 2007 by Serbian-Australian DJ Dirty South and Australian dance act TV Rock. This remix reached number five in Finland and allowed the original version to climb to number three on the UK Dance Chart. A key sample from the track was used by The Porn Kings for their 1996 track "Up to No Good". Josh Wink had no control over the selection of remixing artists, nor over the final decision to release those remixes.

Critical reception
British magazine Music Week rated the song four out of five upon the release of the 1996 remixes.

Track listings
 1995 UK CD single
"Higher State of Consciousness" (radio edit) (2:55)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (original Tweekin' Acid Funk edit) (3:00)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (DJ Wink's Hardhouse mix) (7:56)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Jules & Skins Short Vox mix) (4:46)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Jules & Skins Long & Epic mix) (6:33)

 1996 UK CD single
"Higher State of Consciousness" (radio edit (Dex and Jonesey)) (3:39)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (original Tweekin' Acid Funk mix) (6:16)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Dex & Jonesey's Higher Stated mix) (6:44)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Mr Spring's Maggott mix) (7:13)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Itty Bitty Boozy Woozy mix) (6:06)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Jules and Skins long epic mix) (6:37)

 2007 UK CD single
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Dirty South & TV rock radio edit)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Dirty South & TV rock club mix)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Marco V remix)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (Barratt & Falconi remix)
"Higher State of Consciousness" (original Tweekin Acid Funk mix)

Charts

Original release

1996 remixes

2007 remix

Year-end charts

Certifications

Release history

References

1995 singles
1995 songs
Strictly Rhythm singles
Techno songs
ZYX Music singles