Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Prečani () was a Serbian blanket term used at the end of the 19th- and early 20th century for ethnic Serb communities located  ("across") the Danube, Sava and Drina rivers, beyond the northern and western borders of 19th-century Serbia, that is, in Austria-Hungary-held Vojvodina, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. It was thus used to distinguish Serbs of Serbia ("Serbians") from those in the historical Habsburg monarchy; it was not applied to the Serbs of Montenegro or those in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar and elsewhere in the Ottoman Empire. 

In the Habsburg lands – in Kingdom of Dalmatia, the Serbs established the Serb People's Party, while in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia they established the Serb Independent Party. In 1918 the Prečani Serbs formed a notable political constituency that participated in the founding of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs as well as the joining of Banat, Bačka and Baranja with the Kingdom of Serbia. In the first Yugoslavia, their political party, the Independent Democratic Party was important in national politics. After the invasion of Yugoslavia, they were the main target of the World War II persecution of Serbs.

The term was primarily used in the Kingdom of Serbia and was not used by the Austro-Hungarian Serbs themselves. Today, the Prečani constitute the Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbs of Croatia and Serbs in Vojvodina.

Annotations

Further reading

History of the Serbs
History of the Serbs of Croatia
History of the Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Serbs of Vojvodina
Austro-Hungarian Serbs
Political history of Serbia
19th century in Serbia
Political terminology of Serbia
Toby Couchman (born 16 September 2003) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a  for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the National Rugby League (NRL).

Background 
Couchman was born in Wollongong, New South Wales. He has 3 siblings Ryan Couchman, Harvy Couchman and Fletcher Couchman. He was educated at Bulli High School. He played junior rugby league for Thirroul Butchers.

Playing career

Early career
Couchman was contracted to the St. George Illawarra Dragons as a junior coming through the ranks through the academy system alongside his twin brother Ryan Couchman. In June 2022 while playing in the Jersey Flegg Cup for the Dragons, Couchman was selected to represent New South Wales in the Under 19's State of Origin match against Queensland.

St. George Illawarra Dragons
In round 2 of the 2023 NRL season, Couchman made his first grade debut for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in place of the injured Jack de Belin in his side's 32−18 victory over the Gold Coast Titans at Jubilee Oval. Following this, Couchman had his contract extended through the 2025 season.

References

External links 
Dragons profile
Rugby League Project profile

2003 births
Living people
Australian rugby league players
St. George Illawarra Dragons players
Rugby league locks
Rugby league props
Rugby league players from Wollongong
This is a list of the parliaments of the United Kingdom, of Great Britain and of England from 1660 to the present day, with the duration of each parliament. The NP number is the number counting forward from the creation of the United Kingdom in 1801 and Great Britain in 1707. Prior to that, the parliaments are counted from the Restoration in 1660.

The duration column is calculated from the date of the first meeting of the parliament to that of dissolution.

Parliaments from 1922

Notes

Parliaments 1801-1922

Notes

Parliaments 1705-1800

Notes

Parliaments before 1705

Key to abbreviations in the NP column:
 CP – Convention Parliament: In seventeenth century usage a convention was a body in the form of a parliament, which had been summoned by a de facto ruler rather than a de jure monarch. Once the convention had recognised a de jure sovereign it could then convert itself into a parliament. The 1660 convention restored King Charles II of England. The 1689–90 convention offered the throne jointly to King William III of England and Queen Mary II of England.
 KC2 – Parliament summoned by King Charles II of England.
 KJ2 – Parliament summoned by King James II of England.
 WM – Parliament summoned by King William III of England and Queen Mary II of England (before her death in 1694, after which her husband was sole monarch).
 QA – Parliament summoned by Queen Anne of England.

See also
Duration of English parliaments before 1660
List of British governments
List of parliaments of England
List of parliaments of Great Britain
List of parliaments of the United Kingdom
List of United Kingdom general elections

References

 

Duration
Parliaments of England
Political history of England
History of the British Isles
Duration
Political history of the United Kingdom
United Kingdom politics-related lists
This is a list of lists of sheriffs and stewards of Kingston upon Hull:

 List of sheriffs of Kingston upon Hull
 List of stewards of Kingston upon Hull

Kingston upon Hull
Kingston upon Hull
Algarrobos is a barrio in the municipality of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 4,383.

Background
Algarrobos is a coastal, rural barrio deriving its name from the Algarrobo tree. The Algarrobo tree is leguminous, with shiny leaves and purple and white flowers. Its fruit is the carob bean, which consists of seeds covered by an edible substance, contained in a capsule-shaped pod.

History
Mayagüez was a perfect smugglers' shelter for being a distance away from the barracks occupied by authorities. Its value was the strategic entrance to the Castillo de los Valdés in Algarrobos. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries there was in its  jurisdiction a stronghold, the Algarrobo Fort, and Spanish battalions were there, one by the sea and another on the west side of Cerro de El Vigia. In the mid-twentieth century there was an American battalion located by the sea in the vicinity of Peña Cortada.

Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Algarrobo barrio was 1,054.

Economy
Between 1962 and 1998 it was the base port and the headquarters of the largest tuna factory in America.

See also

 List of communities in Puerto Rico

References

Barrios of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
Dmitri Dmitriyevich Ryutov (Russian: Дми́трий Дми́триевич Рю́тов; born March 6, 1940, in Moscow) is a Russian theoretical plasma physicist.

Early life and career 
Ryutov graduated from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in 1962 and from the Kurchatov Institute in 1965, where he received his doctorate in plasma theory in 1966. From 1968 to 1997, he was at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk, where he expanded the fusion research program from 1979 and was promoted from deputy director to chief scientist in 1994. He was also a professor of plasma physics at the Novosibirsk State University. From 1994, he was a senior visiting scientist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), where he became a Distinguished Member of the Technical Staff in 2012. Ryutov retired from LLNL in 2016.

Among other things, he dealt with mirror machines (among other things, he proposed the Gas Dynamic Trap (GDT) in Novosibirsk), Tokamak divertors, particle beams with high energy density, the Z-Pinch, solar and space physics, laboratory astrophysics, X-ray optics and magnetic levitation. He was involved in the experimental magnetic levitation system Inductrack, the Snowflake Divertor for tokamaks and X-ray diagnostics at Linac Coherent Light Source.

Honors and awards 
Ryutov has been a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1976 and a full member since 1992. He became a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1998 and the Institute of Physics in 2004. He became an Edward Teller Fellow of the LLNL in 2007 and received the Distinguished Career Award from Fusion Power Associates in 2010.

In 2017, he received the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics for "many outstanding contributions to the theoretical plasma physics of low and high energy density plasmas, open and closed magnetic configurations, and laboratory and astrophysical systems". 

In 2020, Ryutov, with 10 other researchers from different institutions, jointly received the John Dawson Award for Excellence in Plasma Physics Research for the generation of Weibel-mediated collisionless shocks in laboratory plasma experiments. He was part of a team that studied and observed Weibel-mediated collisionless shocks at the National Ignition Facility of LLNL.

Other publications

References 

1940 births
20th-century Russian physicists
21st-century Russian physicists
Living people
Russian plasma physicists
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology alumni
Scientists from Moscow
Scientists from Novosibirsk
Robert Alexander Bowman (born 21 November 1975) is an English footballer who played professionally for Leeds United, Rotherham United and Carlisle United.

Career
Bowman was a defender who represented Leeds United, Rotherham United, Carlisle United, Bohemian F.C. and Gateshead F.C. amongst others during his career. He made his first team debut for Leeds as a 17-year-old and won the FA Youth Cup with Leeds in 1993 against a Manchester United side which included the likes of Gary Neville and Paul Scholes. He appeared in the famous Jimmy Glass game against Plymouth Argyle, in which the goalkeeper scored in the 94th minute to keep Carlisle United in the Football League.

He played in the UEFA Europa League for Bohemians in 2000/2001.

References

External links

England FA profile

1975 births
Living people
English men's footballers
English expatriate men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
League of Ireland players
Bohemian F.C. players
Leeds United F.C. players
Rotherham United F.C. players
Carlisle United F.C. players
Gateshead F.C. players
Premier League players
English Football League players
English expatriate sportspeople in Ireland
Expatriate men's association footballers in the Republic of Ireland
Footballers from Durham, England
Beach Blast was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event promoted by World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and held in the summers of 1992 and 1993. The 1992 WCW Beach Blast PPV event was held in June on a Saturday while the 1993 WCW Beach Blast PPV event was held in July on a Sunday. It was replaced by Bash at the Beach in 1994. WCW closed in 2001 and all rights to their television and PPV shows was bought by WWE, including the Beach Blast shows. With the launch of the WWE Network in 2014 the 1992 and 1993 Beach Blast shows became available on demand for network subscribers.

Dates, venues, and main events

References
John Duke  (20 October 1926 – 26 February 1989) was a senior British police officer who rose through the ranks to be Chief Constable of Hampshire Constabulary.

Life
He was born in Newcastle-on-Tyne in the north-east of England and worked in the coal mines before going to London in 1947 to join the City of London Police. After 22 years with that force he transferred to Essex Constabulary as an Assistant Chief Constable, being promoted to Deputy Chief Constable there in 1972.

On 1 September 1977 he was appointed Chief Constable of Hampshire, where he oversaw the introduction of many changes, not least the introduction of the Air Support Unit and modern communication and training centres. He retired from the force in 1988.

Honours and awards
 Queen's Police Medal (QPM)
 1986 : Made Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1986 Birthday Honours
 1989: Deputy-Lieutenant for Hampshire

Private life
He died in 1989 after surgery. He had married Glenys, with whom he had four daughters.

References

1926 births
1989 deaths
People from Newcastle upon Tyne
British Chief Constables
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Deputy Lieutenants of Hampshire
English recipients of the Queen's Police Medal
The Cathedral of San Gerardo is the main church or duomo of the city of Potenza, capital of the province of the same name, and of the region of Basilicata, Italy.  Since 1986 Potenza forms part of the archdiocese of "Potenza-Muro Lucano-Marsico Nuovo".

History

A temple at the site, dedicated to the Virgin of the Assumption, likely dated to the 5th or 6th century, when it was supposedly founded by Saint Orontius of Lecce. A new church dedicated to St Gerardo della Porta, who became patron of the town and whose relics are sheltered here, was built between the 12th and 13th centuries, under the patronage of the bishop Bartolomeo (1197-1206). The five-story stone belltower from this church, attributed to designs by Sàrolo di Muro Lucano, still exists.

The present church is mainly due to a reconstruction during 1783 to 1799 in neoclassical-style with a design by Antonio Magri, a pupil of Luigi Vanvitelli. Since the church has required repairs after various earthquakes and a bombardment in 1943.

The ceilings and the apse have an elaborate program of frescoes painted in the 20th century. The ceiling was painted (1933-1934) from the façade to the presbytery with scenes from the old to new testament by the painter Mario Prayer. The bronze doors (1968) were created by Giuseppe Niglia. Below the main altar is a crypt with archeologic evidence of prior structures in a mosaic pavement. The dome has frescoes depicting a procession of St Gerard. The apse has a Christ the Redeemer frescoed against a bright background. The chapel of St Gerard has a 15th-century reliquary statue.

References

Cathedrals in Basilicata
Roman Catholic churches in Potenza
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1799
Minor basilicas in Basilicata
18th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Italy
Neoclassical church buildings in Italy
Herczeg is a Hungarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ágnes Herczeg, Hungarian artist
András Herczeg (born 1956), Hungarian football manager and player
Ferenc Herczeg (1863–1954), Hungarian playwright and writer
István Herczeg (1887–1949), Hungarian gymnast
Iván Herczeg, Hungarian sprint canoeist
Miklós Herczeg (born 1974), Hungarian football player

See also
Ágnes Herczegh (born 1950), Hungarian discus thrower
Géza Herczegh, (1928-2010), Hungarian judge

Hungarian-language surnames
Ulysses Grant Thatcher (February 23, 1877 – March 17, 1936) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball in the United States.

Biography
Born in Maytown, Pennsylvania on February 23, 1877, Thatcher pitched in five games for the Brooklyn Superbas during the 1903 and 1904 baseball seasons, making four starts, and acquiring a 4–1 record with a 3.16 earned run average during his appearances.

Thatcher had an unusual end to his Major League career. When the Superbas attempted to play a second Sunday home game on April 24 against the Philadelphia Phillies, the club was tipped off that the pitcher, catcher and hitter at the start of the game would be arrested. Thus three "decoys" were inserted at the start of the game, with Ed Poole being replaced by Thatcher after Poole's arrest.

Death
Thatcher died at the age of fifty-nine in Lancaster, Pennsylvania on March 17, 1936.

References

External links

1877 births
1936 deaths
Major League Baseball pitchers
Brooklyn Superbas players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Sportspeople from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster Maroons players
Johnstown Mormans players
Palmyra Mormans players
Brockton Shoemakers players
Reading Coal Heavers players
Bristol Bell Makers players
Troy Washerwomen players
Ilion Typewriters players
Los Angeles (minor league baseball) players
Savannah Pathfinders players
Johnstown Johnnies players
Thiruvettakudy is a revenue village in the Karaikal taluk of Karaikal District. It is situated to the north of Kottucheri town.

References 

 

Villages in Karaikal district
May Badger was one of the first women to work at the University of Manchester, her career developing until she became Head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratories by 1952.

Education 
Badger attended Ardwick Higher Grade School, following on from which she received a BSc Tech (Applied Chem. Hons. Div) at the Faculty of Technology of Victoria University in 1907.

In 1908 she gained a MSc Tech, which she completed with William Pope after receiving a postgraduate scholarship.

Career 
Badger became a research chemist after her time in education, working on glass and pottery at Pilkington Tile and Pottery Co. Then, in 1911, she became a chemist at Clifton and Kersley Coal Co.

In 1916 Badger returned to the University of Manchester to become a Senior Demonstrator in Chemistry for the Faculty of Technology. She stayed there for the rest of her career until her retirement in 1952, finishing as Head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratories.

References 

1887 births
1953 deaths
People associated with the University of Manchester
Women chemists
is an electoral district of the Japanese House of Representatives. The district was created in 1994 as part of the move to single-member districts that same year, and the district is currently represented by the Liberal Democratic Party's Seiji Kihara.

Areas Covered 
As of 13 January 2023, the areas covered by this district area as follows:

 Higashimurayama
 Higashiyamato
 Kiyose
 Higashikurume
 Musashimurayama

Since its creation in 1994, the borders of this district have so far not been changed.

Elected Representatives

Election Results 
‡ - Also ran in the Tokyo PR district

‡‡ - Also ran and won in the Tokyo PR district

References 

Musashimurayama, Tokyo
Higashikurume, Tokyo
Kiyose, Tokyo
Higashiyamato, Tokyo
Higashimurayama, Tokyo
Czarne  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wielgie, within Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately  north of Wielgie,  south-east of Lipno, and  south-east of Toruń.

References

Czarne
Płock Governorate
Warsaw Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Tirocinio Formativo Attivo (meaning Active - Formative - Traineeship) or T.F.A. for short, is a post graduate course in order to be acknowledged as a public teacher of secondary education by the Italian state.

It was introduced by decree n. 249 of 10 September 2010, enacted by the law n. 244 of 24 December 2007, and further modified by MIUR's (Ministry of Education) n. 81 of 25 March 2013, as to replace the old SISS (schools of specialization for secondary education teachers).
T.F.A. was, by the words of former Minister  Mariastella Gelmini under whose government T.F.A took their start, "the harshest and most professionalizing way to license teachers". In fact, as Gelmini stated, only 11.000 teachers made it to the end, in spite of 150.000 candidates attempting the competition.

Commonly, TFA licensed teachers go by the name of  "tieffini".

Legal framework 
Ministry decrete 249/2010 establishes traineeships to become secondary school teachers to be configured as " a two-years master degree plus a following year of T.F.A." T.F.A. courses may be set up by any university department or by other high education institutions of artistic, musical, or choral subjects, under the condition of them being administrative headquarters.

As a matter of facts T.F.A is a one-year course to train teachers to be, held by universities, which confers, according to the result of the final exam, a teaching license among Italian public secondary school system.
T.F.A is started for each subject (or group) depending on the need of teachers.

Access 
Access to T.F.A courses, as a working competition, is strictly regulated by three exams, in order to prevent an excess of licensed teacher that would be unemployable.
Candidates must undergo and pass, in order:
 a preliminary exam, decided from the Ministry of Education, common for all the universities which have been entrusted to start the courses. It is made up of 60 multiple-choice question. Threshold score is set at 21/30. 
 a written exam, drawn up by each university. Threshold score is set at 21/30.
 a spoken exam, once more prepared by each university. Threshold score is set at 15/30.
After the testing phase, a ranking list of every candidate that made it through the selections is drafted. The final score is obtained by the sum of the marks recorded in each test. 
Candidates reaching the first positions of the ranking are granted access to the course within the limit of the vacancies stated by the Ministry.

Obtaining the license 
Article 10 of the Ministry decrete states:

"By the end of the T.F.A., and after the successful completion of the final exam, candidates are acknowledged as licensed teacher for their respective subject of teaching".

Notes 

Education in Italy
Dong Yong and the Seventh Fairy is a Chinese legend centered around a romance between an orphaned Han-dynasty man named Dong Yong and the Seventh Fairy, the youngest daughter of the Jade Emperor.

Story 
The seven daughters of the Jade Emperor travel to the mortal world.  The youngest of the seven fairy maidens was in search of her lost  weaving equipment and her "coat of feathers," without which she was unable to fly. Another version of the story states that the seventh fairy's feather coat was actually stolen by a mortal named Dong Yong, advised by one of his cattle who happened to be an exiled fairy as well and disguised as a normal, aged bull. During the stay, the maiden falls in love with Dong Yong. He is a poor worker who had sold himself into servitude to pay for his father's funeral. With help of the other fairies, the seventh fairy managed to weave ten pieces of brocade for Dong Yong to pay off his debt, shortening his indenture to 100 days.  Before the couple can begin their life together, the Jade Emperor orders his daughters to return home. However, he is kind enough to allow the couple to reunite once a year on the 七夕 (the 7th Evening) -- later known as the traditional Chinese Qixi Festival—by crossing the Milky Way.

In memory of this story, ancient Chinese astrologers named two prominent stars that stand at a distance from each other 牛郎, "cowherd man," and 織女, "weaving girl." These are the stars Altair in the constellation Aquila and Vega in Lyra.

Adaptations

Films

Television series

Publications
The tale has also been subject matter of literary adaptations and retellings:

 
 The Seventh Fairy: a reinterpretation of the myth made by Angelo Paratico in a book published in Hong Kong in 2017 by Lascar Publishing.

See also 
 The Weaver Girl and the Cowherd
 Icarus
 Tanabata
 The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter (輝夜姬)
 The Fairy and the Woodcutter and Jaka Tarub and the Seven Apsaras, respectively a Korean and an Indonesian folktale similar to Tian Xian Pei.
 Pernikahan Nawangsih
 Ayashi no Ceres

References

Further reading
 Idema, Wilt L. Filial Piety and Its Divine Rewards: The Legend of Dong Yong and Weaving Maiden, with Related Texts. Indianapolis/Cambridge: Hackett, 2009. .

 
Love stories
Paranormal romance
Han dynasty in fiction
Works about orphans
Loafer's Glory may refer to:
 Loafers Glory, North Carolina
 Loafer's Glory, a 1997 album by Utah Phillips and Mark Ross; also the name of a radio program hosted by Phillips from 1997–2001
Test Match is a cricket-themed board game first published in 1955 by John Waddington Limited in the United Kingdom and John Sands Pty. Ltd. in Australia.

Russell Jackson notes that "you pulled on a couple of cardboard tabs to randomly generate a type of delivery before your batting opponent did the same on the other end of the board, but if you were a genuinely competitive player, the reliance on luck over skill would eventually start to grate."

The original game depends entirely by chance, and is similar in principle to pencil cricket.

A three-dimensional version was released by Crown and Andrews in the 1977. This involved rolling a ball-bearing down a plastic gully attached to a plastic bowler. According to Jackson, this is "the greatest cricket board game of all time."

References

External links

Board games introduced in 1955
Cricket culture
Sports board games