Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society was established in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1838. Founders included James Mott, Lucretia Mott, Robert Purvis, and John C. Bowers.

In August 1850, William Still while working as a clerk for the Society, was assisting a fugitive slave calling himself "Peter Freedman". As the escapee's story was similar to many he had heard before, it took a while for Still to realize that Freedman was his long-lost brother. It was this incident that galvanized Still's resolve and compelled him to document his work with the Underground Railroad, later published in 1872 as The Underground Rail Road Records.

In 1855, while working for the Society, Passmore Williamson and William Still helped Jane Johnson escape slavery while in Philadelphia with her master, a well-known congressman, John Hill Wheeler. As one of the first challenges to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 the case created a scandal, with Williamson imprisoned for several months, charged with riot, forcible abduction, and assault. The judge in the case rejected an affidavit from Johnson affirming that there had been no abduction as "immaterial". Williamson eventually turned his cell into a virtual abolitionist media center, drawing visits from luminaries like Frederick Douglass.

Robert Purvis, African American son of a wealthy white cotton broker, was a leading member during the life of the organization.

Publications
The Society's newspaper, the National Enquirer, was edited by Benjamin Lundy, who had previously edited Genius of Universal Emancipation. When John Greenleaf Whittier took over in 1838, it was renamed the Pennsylvania Freeman. It was to have moved into Pennsylvania Hall but fortunately had not yet done so when the arson took place.

Archival material
The Historical Society of Pennsylvania holds the minutes of all meetings of the Society, between 1837 and 1856, its account book, and other material.

See also

Pennsylvania Hall (Philadelphia)
Philadelphia Nativist Riots
Pennsylvania Abolition Society
American Anti-Slavery Society

References

External links 
 American Abolitionists and Antislavery Activists, comprehensive list of abolitionist and anti-slavery activists and organizations in the United States, including the Pennsylvania Anti-Slavery Society.  Website includes historic biographies and anti-slavery timelines, bibliographies, etc.

American abolitionist organizations
African-American history in Philadelphia
Organizations based in Philadelphia
History of Philadelphia
Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania
William Archibald Wall (1828 – 1888) was an American painter, born in New York in 1828. Died in Paddington, London in 1888. He specialized in waterscapes, landscapes and rural and urban views. Although American by birth, Wall spent many years living and working in London.

Wall was the son of Irish-born painter William Guy Wall (1792 – 1864). Wall the elder got married in 1812, the same year he left Ireland for the United States. He and his wife had two daughters; William Archibald was their only son.

Wall contributed a landscape to the Royal Hibernian Academy in 1847 and again in 1853. He was in London in 1857 and 1858, and exhibited landscapes in those years in the Royal Academy, and in 1857 and 1859 in the British Institution. In 1861, he exhibited at the National Academy in New York. In 1865, 1870 and 1872 he again contributed to the Royal Academy, and was then living in, or near, London. His name last occurs in 1875, when he was residing at Norbiton.

In April 1871 he was living in Woking, Surrey. In April 1881 he was living on the Isle of Wight with his Sister Maria and Daughter Emily, Emily witnessed his death on 3 February 1888 at 5, Surrendale Place, Paddington.

According to Brook-Hart's book on British 19th Century Marine Painting, Wall is "a rather rare and certainly under-estimated artist".

References
Brook-Hart, Denys. British 19th Century Marine Painting. Suffolk: Antique Collectors' Club; 1974.
Marter, Joan M. The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2011, p. 142.
Wood, Christopher. Victorian Painters: Vol. 4. Suffolk: Antique Collectors' Club; 2007. p. 548

External links
Library Ireland: biography at bottom of page
Wikigallery: Artwork by William Archibald Wall
Royal Academy of Arts: 1872 summer exhibition catalogue, citing Wall's address at Norbiton

1828 births
1888 deaths
19th-century American painters
19th-century American male artists
American male painters
American watercolorists
Landscape artists
Killeglan is the name of two places in Ireland:

 Ashbourne, County Meath, a town, once called Killeglan
 A townland in County Roscommon – see List of townlands of County Roscommon
Cześniki  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sitno, within Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately  south-east of Sitno,  east of Zamość, and  south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The village has a population of 1,460.

See also 
 Battle of Cześniki

References

Villages in Zamość County
Lublin Governorate
Kholm Governorate
Lublin Voivodeship (1919–1939)
The Feminist Companion to Literature in English: Women Writers from the Middle Ages to the Present is a biographical dictionary about women writers.

Companion was edited by Virginia Blain, Patricia Clements, and Isobel Grundy. It was published in 1990 by Batsford (now Pavilion Books) in the UK and Yale University Press in the US. It took about ten years to complete and was based mainly on research completed specifically for the project.

Companion includes about 2,700 entries about women writers and associated topics such as genres and literary movements. Only writing in English is covered but the project's geographic scope is wide. Temporally, Companion covers writers from the Middle Ages to about 1985.

Entries focus on biographical details over literary criticism, seeking to show the lives from which women's writing emerged. The editors included entries on writing not typically considered literary, such as diaries and letters, in order to counteract received narratives of what literature can be. Companion emphasizes women's relationships with one another and lists mothers before fathers when describing a subject's parentage.

Collaborators on Companion later created Orlando: Women's Writing in the British Isles from the Beginnings to the Present, an online reference source about women's writing published by Cambridge University Press.

Citations

Works cited 
 
 

1990 books
Yale University Press books
Books about women
Feminist books
Biographical dictionaries of women
Klim is a masculine given name, sometimes a diminutive form of Kliment. It is borne by:

 Klim Churyumov (1937–2016), Soviet and Ukrainian astronomer
 Klim Gavrilov (born 2000), Russian race car driver
 Klim Kostin (born 1999), Russian ice hockey player
 Klim Prykhodko (born 2000), Ukrainian footballer
 Klim Shipenko (born 1983), Russian film director, screenwriter, actor and producer
 Kliment Voroshilov (1881–1969), Soviet officer and politician, Marshal of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
 Klim Savur, pseudonym of Dmytro Klyachkivsky (1911–1945), a commander of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army during World War II
 the title character of The Life of Klim Samgin, a four-volume novel by Maxim Gorky

Masculine given names
Munnangi is a village in Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Kollipara mandal of Tenali revenue division. Munnangi also known as Munikotipuram.

Geography 

Munnangi is situated to the northwest of the mandal headquarters, Kollipara, at . It is spread over an area of .

Governance 

Munnangi gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. It is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a ward member. The village forms a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region and is under the jurisdiction of APCRDA.

Education 

As per the school information report for the academic year 2018–19, the village has 5 schools. These include 1 private and 4 Zilla/Mandal Parishad schools
1. Elementary School
2. Zilla Parishat High School
3. Vivekananda Vidyamandir
.

See also 
List of villages in Guntur district
www.munnangi.com

References 

Villages in Guntur district
The 2017 Fiji Premier League was the 41st season of the Fiji Premier League (Vodafone Premier League for sponsorship reasons) organized by the Fiji Football Association since its establishment in 1977.

Team changes

To Fiji Premier League

Promoted from 2016 Fiji Super Premier Division
 Rakiraki

From Fiji Premier League

Relegated to 2017 Fiji Super Premier Division
 Nadroga

Teams

Stadiums and locations

Standings

Results

Top scorers

References

Fiji Premier League seasons
Fiji
Premier League
The River Corve is a minor river in Shropshire, England. It is a tributary of the River Teme which it joins in the town of Ludlow, and which joins the River Severn at Powick near Worcester. The valley it flows through is known as the Corvedale (or Corve Dale), a term used as a general name for the area, and a name used for example by the primary school in Diddlebury. It is sometimes (archaically) spelled "Corf", which is its pronunciation.

Course
It flows near Corfton (which it gives its name to), then by Culmington, then through Stanton Lacy and then through the northwest outskirts of Ludlow before joining the Teme in an area of meadows just outside the town. It also gave its name to Corfham Castle, near Peaton. Corfham was the caput (the centre of medieval administration) for two Saxon hundreds that encompassed the Corve Dale — Patton and Culvestan. They were merged into a single hundred (Munslow) in the reign of Henry I, however Culvestan continued to be a name used to describe the lower Corve valley for at least a century afterwards.

Pollution and floods
In 2006 as a result of pollution by slurry from a livestock farm in Brockton near Stanton Long, fish were found dead in the river.

During heavy flooding in 2007 when the river rose  in three hours, a house collapsed into the river and the Burway Bridge collapsed severing the connection  of the B4361 Coronation Avenue, a major access route, with the town centre of Ludlow. A new, modern bridge designed by the Shrewsbury office of the consultants Mouchel on behalf of Shropshire County Council, and built by McPhillips (Wellington) Ltd, was completed in 2008. A temporary Bailey bridge had been erected to reduce disruption in traffic flow during the construction.

Electoral wards
'Corvedale' is an electoral division for electing one member to Shropshire Council. The population of this ward at the 2011 Census was 3,783. It covers a large rural area, consisting of 13 civil parishes, and encompassing more than that of the familiar Corvedale area.

'Corve' is a parish ward for electing two members to Ludlow Town Council, covering the northwest part of the town.

See also
Corvedale Three Castles Walk

References

External links

Rivers of Shropshire
Ludlow
1Corve
Calkain Companies was a company that provided services, primarily brokerage, to the commercial real estate industry. It was based in Herndon, Virginia and focused on buildings that were leased to single tenants. In February 2020, the company was dissolved and its employees joined Avison Young.

History
After working in commercial property for over 20 years, Jonathan Hipp founded Calkain Companies in 2005.

In January 2013, the company brokered the sale of 7 stores in Orlando and central Florida leased to Applebee's for $18.5 million.

In June 2014, Calkain brokered the sale of a store leased to CVS Health in Tysons Corner for $27.4 million, or $1,915 per square foot, the highest net lease sales price in the Washington metropolitan area. Calkain held the previous record with a sale of a store leased to Starbucks in Washington, D.C. for $1,672 per square foot.

In December 2018, the company listed a store in Adams Morgan leased to Wawa.

In September 2019, the company brokered the sale of a CVS in Cleveland Park for $15 million, or $1,714 per square foot.

In February 2020, the company was dissolved and the employees joined Avison Young.

References

2020 disestablishments in Virginia
Real estate companies disestablished in 2020
Real estate companies established in 2005
Vihanti railway station is located in the town of Vihanti, Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland.

Railway stations in North Ostrobothnia
Railway stations opened in 1886
Sir Edward Dundas Holroyd  (25 January 1828 – 5 January 1916) was a judge, active in Australia.


Early life
Holroyd was born in Surrey, England, the second son of Edward Holroyd, senior commissioner of the London bankruptcy court, and his wife Caroline, née Pugsley. E. D. Holroyd was also grandson of Sir George Sowley Holroyd, an English judge. Holroyd was educated at Winchester College, where he twice won the Queen's medal for Latin and English essays. In 1846 went to Trinity College, Cambridge where he graduated B.A. in 1851, M.A. in 1854, and was called to the bar at Gray's Inn in June 1855. Holroyd practised in London and was also a free-lance journalist.

Australia
Holroyd decided to migrate to Australia, and arrived in Melbourne in 1859. Holroyd made a great reputation as a barrister in equity and mining suits, and in 1872 was offered a seat on the bench of the supreme court. He refused this, became a Queen's Counsel in 1879, and on 19 August 1881 became a puisne judge of the Supreme Court of Victoria, a position he held until 9 May 1906.

Holroyd at first took only equity cases, but later proved to be also an excellent judge in the criminal court. He would not allow himself to be ruffled, and it is related that once when he had sentenced a prisoner named Butler for highway robbery, the man, almost foaming at the mouth, heaped curses on the judge. Holroyd calmly said, "Nothing that you can say prisoner can induce me to add one day more to your sentence. I cannot tell you how I despise you." He became the senior judge, and in the absence of Sir John Madden sometimes acted as chief justice.

Life and legacy

Holroyd retired in 1906 and died at his home, Fernacres, in Alma Road, St Kilda, Melbourne, on 5 January 1916. He was buried at St Kilda Cemetery.

He married in 1862 Anna Maria Hoyles, daughter of Henry Compton, and was survived by two sons and three daughters. He took little part in public discussions, except on the question of federation. He was for some time president of the Imperial Federation League of Victoria, and also of the Athenaeum and Savage Clubs. Holroyd was knighted in 1903. 

Holroyd was below average height and athletic for much of his life. He was a good boxer in his youth, a good tennis player, and even when over 60 thought little of a 20-mile (32 km) walk. Holroyd had a great sense of humour, was a good after-dinner speaker. He was an eminently fair judge, particularly patient with men conducting their own defence, or a barrister struggling with a poor case. His patient noting of witnesses' answers rather cramped the style of barristers who would have preferred to deliver volleys of questions at the witness. His judgments, in clear English and were seldom appealed against.

See also
 Judiciary of Australia
 List of Judges of the Supreme Court of Victoria
 Victorian Bar Association

References

External links
 Supreme Court of Victoria Website

1828 births
1916 deaths
Australian King's Counsel
Judges of the Supreme Court of Victoria
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
English emigrants to colonial Australia
Colony of Victoria judges
Burials at St Kilda Cemetery
Lewis Brown (12 March 1874 – 14 October 1951) was an English cricketer active from 1896 to 1903 who played for Leicestershire. He was born and died in Earl Shilton. He appeared in 62 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 1,660 runs with a highest score of 110 and took seven wickets with a best performance of three for 39.

Notes

1874 births
1951 deaths
English cricketers
Leicestershire cricketers
People from Earl Shilton
Cricketers from Leicestershire
The following lists events that happened during 2015 in Sierra Leone.

Incumbents
President: Ernest Bai Koroma
Vice President: Samuel Sam-Sumana (until March 17), Victor Bockarie Foh (starting March 17)

Events

February
13 February - Sierra Leone quarantines 700 homes in the Aberdeen district of Freetown following the death of a fisherman.

March 
 14 March - After an armed band removed his personal security guards, the Vice President of Sierra Leone, Samuel Sam-Sumana, goes into hiding after applying for asylum at the United States embassy in Freetown.

Deaths

References

 
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone
Years of the 21st century in Sierra Leone
2010s in Sierra Leone
Kevin Joseph "KJ" Sawka is an American musician, record producer, and DJ. He plays drums in the bands Pendulum and Destroid.

Career 
KJ Sawka started his musical career at the age of twelve. At age eighteen, he developed an interest in electronic music and started producing. Citing the drumming of Phil Collins as a major influence, Sawka uses a customized drumkit configured to enable greater improvisation, tailored to the type of music he is playing. In the studio, he favors electronic drum machines, while for live performances he primarily plays drums.

In 2010 he became the drummer of Pendulum as the sole American member, appearing on their Immersion album. The group reunited in 2016 for a single live show at Ultra Music Festival, Miami, and subsequently went on tour in 2017.

In 2012, together with producers Excision and Downlink, Sawka founded the supergroup Destroid, of which he is the drummer.

He founded the independent record label Impossible Records in 2015.

Sawka currently endorses Tama, Meinl, Evans, Vater, Hammerax, Roland and Izotope.

In 2021, Sawka reunited with friend and collaborator, Blake Lewis, to form the group, "The Private Language". Their first single, a cover of the Tears for Fears classic, "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" was released on Black Hole Recordings and was shortly followed up by the release of their second single, "Cali Girls".

Discography

Solo 
Studio albums
 2005 – Synchronized Decompression
 2007 – Cyclonic Steel
 2009 – Undefined Connectivity

Live albums
 2008 – Live at Chop Suey

With Pendulum 
 2010 – Immersion

With Destroid 
 2013 – The Invasion
 2014 – The Invasion Remixes

References

External links 
 
 
 Interview with KJ Sawka at Only the Beat

Living people
American dance musicians
American DJs
Drum and bass musicians
Musicians from Seattle
Pendulum (drum and bass band) members
Electronic dance music DJs
1977 births
George Hudson ( 1615 – 1672) was an English violinist, lutenist, singer, and composer of Baroque music.

In collaboration with Charles Coleman, Hudson composed the instrumental score for The Siege of Rhodes, considered by music historians to be the first English opera.

Life
According to his contemporary Anthony Wood, Hudson may have begun his career as a dancing master. The first time Hudson's name appears in an official capacity, however, is in 1641, when he was granted membership into the King's court ensemble of "lutes and voices" by royal warrant. Though Hudson ultimately lost his position during the power struggles of the Civil War, he maintained a professional presence in London as an instructor of viol and voice.

In May 1656, Hudson and several of his colleagues, including Cooke and Lawes, were commissioned by the impresario William Davenant to compose music for First Day's Entertainment at Rutland House, a moral disputation consisting of music, dance, and declamation. Later that year, Hudson joined the creative team for Davenant's subsequent work The Siege of Rhodes, for which Hudson co-wrote the instrumental music with Charles Coleman.

After the Restoration, Hudson was appointed master of the King's violins, one of the positions of leadership over which the Master of the King's Music, Nicholas Lanier, was granted nominal control. Hudson directed the violins first in cooperation with Davis Mell and then Matthew Locke, the latter of whom Hudson had collaborated on Davenant's stage works several years prior.

By January 1672, Hudson had fallen gravely ill. No longer able to fulfill his compositional duties at the court, Hudson was assisted without fee by Pelham Humphrey and Thomas Purcell, the uncle of Henry. Upon Hudson's death, Humphrey and Purcell were appointed to the composer's previous post.

Works
Hudson is best known for his contributions to First Day's Entertainment at Rutland House (1656) and The Siege of Rhodes (1656), the score and parts for which are now lost. Several of Hudson's dances were published in two of John Playford's collections, Musick's Recreation on the Lyra Viol (1652) and Court Ayres (1655). Additional sheet music, including original manuscripts, are held at the British Library, Bodleian Library, Christ Church Library, and others, both inside and outside of the United Kingdom.

References

1672 deaths
English composers
English Baroque composers
17th-century classical composers
17th-century English composers
17th-century male musicians
English classical composers
English male classical composers
Baroque musicians
English classical violinists
British male violinists
Male classical violinists
English lutenists
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside}}

Isopropyl β--1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) is a molecular biology reagent.   This compound is a molecular mimic of allolactose, a lactose metabolite that triggers transcription of the lac operon, and it is therefore used to induce protein expression where the gene is under the control of the lac operator.

Mechanism of action

Like allolactose, IPTG binds to the lac repressor and releases the tetrameric repressor from the lac operator in an allosteric manner, thereby allowing the transcription of genes in the lac operon, such as the gene coding for beta-galactosidase, a hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of β-galactosides into monosaccharides.  But unlike allolactose, the sulfur (S) atom creates a chemical bond which is non-hydrolyzable by the cell, preventing the cell from metabolizing or degrading the inducer. Therefore, its concentration remains constant during an experiment.

IPTG uptake by E. coli can be independent of the action of lactose permease, since other transport pathways are also involved. At low concentration, IPTG enters cells through lactose permease, but at high concentrations (typically used for protein induction), IPTG can enter the cells independently of lactose permease.

Use in laboratory
When stored as a powder at 4 °C or below, IPTG is stable for 5 years. It is significantly less stable in solution; Sigma recommends storage for no more than a month at room temperature. IPTG is an effective inducer of protein expression in the concentration range of 100 μmol/L to 3.0 mmol/L. Typically, a sterile, filtered 1 mol/L solution of IPTG is added 1:1000 to an exponentially growing bacterial culture, to give a final concentration of 1 mmol/L. The concentration used depends on the strength of induction required, as well as the genotype of cells or plasmid used. If lacIq, a mutant that over-produces the lac repressor,  is present, then a higher concentration of IPTG may be necessary.

In blue-white screen, IPTG is used together with X-gal. Blue-white screen allows colonies that have been transformed with the recombinant plasmid rather than a non-recombinant one to be identified in cloning experiments.

References

External links
 IPTG bound to proteins in the PDB

Carbohydrates
Molecular biology
Isopropyl compounds
Organosulfur compounds