Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The concept of gravitational focusing describes how the gravitational attraction between two particles increases the probability that they will collide. Without gravitational force, the likelihood of a collision would depend on the cross-sectional area of the two particles. However, the presence of gravity can cause particles that would have otherwise missed each other to be drawn together, effectively increasing the size of their cross-sectional area.

Function 
Gravitational focusing applies to extended objects like the Moon, planets and the Sun, whose interior density distributions are well known. Gravitational focusing is responsible for the power-law mass function of star clusters. Gravitational focusing plays a significant role in the formation of planets, as it shortens the time required for them to form and promotes the growth of larger particles.

Dark matter 
Gravitational focusing typically only has a small impact on the relaxed halo dark matter component, with effects typically remaining at around the 5% level. However, the impact of gravitational focusing on dark matter substructures could potentially be much greater.

References 

Gravity
The Battle of Sevan (Armenian: ) was a turning point in the history of a seven-year war.  After the battle, Armenian troops under the command of Ashot cleared the central and northern region of the country from foreign invaders.

Background 
In the year 921, the armies of Yusuf Beshir entered Armenia, hoping to take advantage of the temporary conflicts of the Armenian king and his subjects, near Lake Sevan. He then besieged Ashot II. Hoping to overwhelm them by the superiority of their forces, Beshir had started arrangements for the surrender of the Armenians. The Armenians made a formal agreement, but by the next day in the morning, Ashot II had formed 70 of their best archers and headed towards Beshir's camps, with seven archers for each boat. Enemy soldiers, assuming a quick victory, had gathered around on the shore and the Armenian archers released a heavy barrage into the enemy forces. The Arab army took to flight, and were defeated.

Siege 
Yusuf, who had received information that Ashot had retired on the island of Sevan, then sent Nusir, a chief to capture Ashot the king. Nusir made it to Duin, where he captured several people.  Later Nusir was succeeded by Beshir, a chief who took his place. Beshir then sent 1,000 of his men to attack the island and capture the king. Beshir was met by George the Marzbedunian. With his small army, they attacked Beshir's army, and killed the enemy in great numbers, which had caused them to flee. Beshir did not expect this defeat. He then gathered more troops and went after George the Marzbedunian. He failed to capture him. Beshir approached Lake Sevan.  Ashot prepared ten boats, where he placed archers with great skills with the bow. It was said  for each arrow was shot with such precision that it never missed killing or wounding its target. Beshir's army ultimately fled in defeat.

References 

Sevan
Sevan
10th century in Armenia
Sevan
921
Galium paschale is a species of flowering plant in the genus Galium found in south-eastern Europe and Turkey.

Distribution and ecology
Galium paschale grows wild in parts of Bulgaria, Greece, the former Yugoslavia and Turkey. In Turkey, it ranges from Turkish Thrace in the west to Bitlis Province in the east, and lives in mixed deciduous woodland.

Taxonomy
Galium paschale was first described by the Swedish botanist Peter Forsskål in his 1775 work .

References

paschale
Flora of Southeastern Europe
Plants described in 1775
Maeve Donnelly is one of the top Irish traditional fiddle players known for her unique style within the traditional Irish music genre.

Life and education
Donnelly was born near Kylemore Abbey in Loughrea in East Galway, Ireland. She now lives in Quin, County Clare . She has been playing music since she was a child and won her first All-Ireland Fiddle Competition when she was nine despite her parents not being musicians. However her family has developed a musical tradition with her three brothers playing the accordion, banjo, and fiddle.

Donnelly toured the US for the 1976 Bicentennial celebration, and again in 1978 and 1983. She went on to win two more All-Ireland fiddle titles in the 1970s and the National Slogadh Competition for Solo Fiddle and The Stone Fiddle Competition in County Fermanagh in 1981.

Donnelly went to college in Dublin and when she graduated she moved to live in Clare. She works touring, recording and tutoring when she isn't working as a teacher.

Discography

 Sailing Into Walpole's Marsh - Mairéad Ní Domhnaill, Sean Corcoran, Eddie Clarke, Maeve Donnelly - 1977
 Moving Cloud - Paul Brock, Manus McGuire, Kevin Crawford, Carl Hession, Maeve Donnelly - 1995
 Foxglove - Moving Cloud - 1998
 Her Infinite Variety - Celtic Women (compilation album) - 1998
 Éigse Dhiarmuidín - Live recordings in concert (compilation album) - 2001
 Maeve Donnelly - Maeve Donnelly - 2002
 The Thing Itself - Maeve Donnelly, Peadar O'Loughlin - 2004
 Flame On The Banks - Maeve Donnelly with Tony McManus - 2008
 Musical analysis of album contents at irishtune.info

References

External links
Maeve Donnelly
Maeve Donnelly for Irish Music magazine

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Musicians from County Galway
Irish women fiddlers
20th-century Irish fiddlers
20th-century Irish women musicians
21st-century Irish fiddlers
21st-century Irish women musicians
Claddagh Records artists
People from Loughrea
The White House of the Chickasaws in Milburn, Oklahoma was built in 1895.  It was designed by Dallas architect W.A. Waltham in the Queen Anne style. The house is also known as Gov. Douglas H. Johnston House, because Chickasaw Governor Douglas Hancock Johnston and his descendants resided in the mansion from 1898 to 1971 when the building was listed on the  National Register of Historic Places. At the time of its construction, the house was on the north edge of the community of Emet, Oklahoma, where Johnston operated a store, but its formal street address is now 6379 E. Mansion Dr., Milburn, Oklahoma

On July 21, 1902, Johnston Murray, the son of Oklahoma Governor William H. Murray, was born at the mansion. William H. Murray had married Mary Alice Hearrell, one of Johnston's nieces, and their son, Johnston Murray, would go on to become the 14th Oklahoma Governor. Julie Chisholm, a granddaughter of Jesse Chisholm and a niece of the Johnstons, was also married in the mansion.

The house is now a historic house museum owned by the Chickasaw Nation and has been restored to a 1900 appearance. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 5, 1971, under Criteria A and C. At that time, the house was still owned by descendants of the Governor.

Construction
The house design was a gingerbread style, commonly used in Victorian architecture during the late 19th century.

The center section of the house had four rooms. From south to north these were:
 Parlor room (aka music room);
 Sitting room (aka library);
 State dining room;
 Kitchen.

Two-room wings flanked the center. The one on the west was separated from the sitting room by an open breezeway. This wing comprised Governor Johnston"s bedroom and office.

General construction lumber was obtained locally, but most of the finishing lumber was transported by wagon from Denison, Texas. The two ornate fireplaces inside the house had mantles and facings made of cherry mahogany, which were brought from Chattanooga, Tennessee. The porch that originally encircled the house used imported walnut for the ornamental woodwork.

The house is well-preserved. Only a few changes have been made to the original design. Around 1903 or 1904, the breezeway was removed and replaced with a stairway that led to the attic area, where a bedroom and bathroom had been added. Indoor bathrooms were added later, and lighting changed from the original coal-oil lamps (both hanging and standing).

Notes

References

External links
 Chickasaw White House - official site

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Oklahoma
Houses completed in 1895
Houses in Johnston County, Oklahoma
Museums in Johnston County, Oklahoma
Historic house museums in Oklahoma
Chickasaw
Pre-statehood history of Oklahoma
National Register of Historic Places in Johnston County, Oklahoma
1895 establishments in Oklahoma Territory
Official residences in the United States
Puritan Passions is a 1923 silent film directed by Frank Tuttle, based on Percy MacKaye's 1908 play The Scarecrow, which was itself based on Nathaniel Hawthorne's short story "Feathertop". The film stars Glenn Hunter, Mary Astor, and stage actor Osgood Perkins. It follows the play faithfully, except that Osgood Perkins' character is called Dickon in the play and Dr. Nicholas in the movie, and Justice Gilead Merton is renamed Justice Gilead Wingate in the film. It is the only theatrical film version – so far – of Percy MacKaye's play, though there were previously two silent film versions of Hawthorne's original story.

Plot
Goody Rickby is impregnated by the wealthy Gilead Wingate, after which he refuses to accept the responsibility of fatherhood. Goody decides to use black magic to get revenge on Wingate. She succeeds in summoning Satan before her, and together they concoct a scheme to punish the man who wronged her. Satan creates a living being from a scarecrow and the creature adopts the human identity of "Lord Ravensbane" so that he can function unsuspected in society. Satan instructs his creature to seduce Wingate's niece Rachel and fool the villagers into believing the Wingates are all witches. Ravensbane develops emotions and a soul, however, and genuinely falls in love with the young lady, foiling the Devil's plans.

Cast
Glenn Hunter - Lord Ravensbane/The Scarecrow
Mary Astor - Rachel
Osgood Perkins - Dr. Nicholas
Maude Hill - Goody Rickby
Frank Tweed - Gillead Wingate
Dwight Wiman - Bugby
Thomas Chalmers - The Minister
Elliot Cabot - Richard Talbot

Preservation status
This film is now lost.

References

Further reading
 "Publicity Stunts: Orchestrations Written Specifically for 'Puritan Passions". Film News. October 15, 1923. Vol. 1, No. 5
 "Converse Score for Film Heard at Cameo Theater". Musical America. October 27, 1923. Vol. 39, Iss. 1
 "'Puritan Passions Given Boston Pre-View'". Motion Picture News. January 12, 1924. Vol. XXIX, No. 2
 M. J. (July 17, 1924). "Reviews and New Music: 'Scarecrow Sketches for the Piano' by Frederick S. Converse".  Musical Courier. Vol. 89, Iss. 3. p. 21

External links 
 
 

American films based on plays
American silent feature films
Films directed by Frank Tuttle
American black-and-white films
1923 films
Films based on works by Nathaniel Hawthorne
1923 comedy-drama films
Lost American films
Films distributed by W. W. Hodkinson Corporation
1923 lost films
Lost comedy-drama films
Films based on adaptations
1920s American films
Silent American comedy-drama films
How Bad Is Your Spotify?, also known as How Bad Is Your Streaming Music? and "Judge my Spotify", is an internet bot created by Matt Daniels of digital publication The Pudding that will roast users based on the contents of their Spotify library.

Usage
Once the user enters their Spotify login credentials, the bot will analyze the contents of the user's Spotify library and returns various stats, including a percentage-based indicator of how "basic" their taste in music is. It then proceeds to humorously roast the contents of the user's library. For example, in his writeup for Engadget, Kris Holt, mentions that when a "nameless" employee at the publication used it, the bot responded that his taste in music was "your Spotify was 'please-read-my-manuscript-60-dollar-white-tshirt-local-talk-radio-bumper-sticker-bitch' bad."

Reception
Upon release, "How Bad is Your Spotify?" went viral first time in 2020  with users posting their results to social media platforms such as Twitter. Due to an influx of users, the creator of the app, Matt Daniels, has reported frequent crashes.

An article in The Verge described the internet bot as being "for people who find Spotify Wrapped too chipper".

References

External links
 Official website

Internet bots
Spotify
Juan Álvarez (1790–1867) was a Mexican general and 1855 president of Mexico.

Juan Álvarez or Juan Alvarez may also refer to:

Politics and law
 Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (1790–1853), Spanish economist and politician
 Juan Álvarez de Lorenzana, 10th Viscount of Barrantes (1818–1883), Spanish colonial politician
 Juan Álvarez (historian) (1878–1954), Argentine judge and historian

Sports

Association football (soccer)
 Juan Álvarez (footballer, born 1948), Mexican footballer
 Juan Carlos Álvarez (born 1954), Spanish football midfielder and manager
 Juan Álvarez (footballer, born February 1996), Argentine footballer, currently playing for Club Atlético Banfield
 Juan Álvarez (footballer, born July 1996), Mexican footballer, currently playing for C.F. Monterrey
 Juan Álvarez (footballer, born 1997), Argentine footballer, currently playing for Chacarita Juniors
 Juan Alvarez (soccer) (born 2004), American soccer player

Other sports
 Juan Alvarez (baseball) (born 1973), American Major League Baseball pitcher
 Juan Álvarez (rugby union) (born 1980), Uruguayan rugby union player
 Juan Cruz Álvarez (born 1985), Argentine race car driver

Others
 Juan Álvarez de Toledo (1488–1577), Spanish Dominican and cardinal
 Juan Álvarez de Eulate y Ladrón de Cegama (born 1583), Spanish colonialist
 Juan Álvarez (writer) (born 1978), Colombian short story writer
 Juan Manuel Álvarez (Glendale train crash) (born 1979), American convicted of causing the 2005 Glendale train crash
 Security Chief Juan Alvarez, a fictional character in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress
Henry Beresford may refer to:

Henry Beresford, 2nd Marquess of Waterford (1772–1826), Anglo-Irish peer
Henry Beresford, 3rd Marquess of Waterford (1811–1859), Anglo-Irish peer, son of the above
Henry Beresford, 6th Marquess of Waterford (1875–1911), Anglo-Irish peer, great-grandson of the 2nd Marquess
Henry Beresford, 9th Marquess of Waterford (born 1958), Anglo-Irish peer, great-grandson of the above
Chanev, Tchanev () is a Bulgarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Kamen Tchanev (Kamen Chanev), Bulgarian operatic tenor
 Rousy Chanev (born 1945), Bulgarian actor
 Valchan Chanev (born 1992), Bulgarian footballer

Bulgarian-language surnames
The 8th Alabama Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.

Service

The 8th Alabama Infantry Regiment was mustered in at Richmond, Virginia, on June 10, 1861.

The regiment surrendered  at Appomattox Court House.

Total strength and casualties
The 8th mustered 1377 men during its existence.  It suffered approximately 300 killed in action or mortally wounded and 170 men who died of disease, for a total of approximately 470 fatalities.  An additional 236 men were discharged or transferred from the regiment.

Commanders
 Colonel John Anthony Winston
 Colonel Young Lea Royston
 Colonel Hilary Abner Herbert

See also
Alabama Civil War Confederate Units
Alabama in the American Civil War

References

Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Alabama
1861 establishments in Alabama
Military units and formations established in 1861
Military units and formations established in 1961
Chris Pressley (born August 8, 1986) is a former American football fullback. He went undrafted in the 2009 NFL Draft after playing for five years for the University of Wisconsin–Madison Badgers. Pressley's maximum back squat weight is 770 pounds (349 kg), and he has been videotaped squatting 605 pounds nine times in a row with no assistive equipment.

Early years
Pressley, a 5'11", 260-pound fullback, was born and raised in Woodbury, New Jersey, just outside Philadelphia. He was selected as All-County, All-South Jersey and All-State during his senior year in 2003–04 while playing for Woodbury High School. His high school football coach was former Pittsburgh Steelers linebacker Zack Valentine, who won Super Bowl XIV as a member of the famous "Steel Curtain" defense.

College career
From 2004 to 2009, Pressley played for the Badgers under head coaches Barry Alvarez (2004–05) and Bret Bielema (2005–09). A broken ankle just before the start of the 2005 season sidelined him for the year, so he used his redshirt eligibility and stayed for one extra season. Pressley’s collegiate statistics were not outstanding, but his hard work ethic and willingness to sacrifice his body landed him on an NFL roster after going undrafted in 2009.

Professional career
In 2009, Pressley was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Cincinnati Bengals. His attempt to make the Bengals' roster was chronicled on the HBO series Hard Knocks: Training Camp with the Cincinnati Bengals. Pressley failed to make the final cut, but was signed to the Bengals' practice squad after he cleared waivers.

On October 28, 2009, Pressley was signed off the Bengals' practice squad to the active roster of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.  On November 22, Pressley made his NFL regular season debut for the Buccaneers in a 38–7 loss to the New Orleans Saints. Pressley's first career carry came two weeks later on December 6 in a game against the Carolina Panthers. After starting the 2010 season with the Buccaneers and playing in three games, he was waived on October 23. Cincinnati then re-signed him, and on December 10 was promoted to their roster after cornerback Rico Murray sustained an ankle injury.

Pressley started 10 games for the Bengals in 2011.  In March 2012, he signed a two-year contract extension with the team. On September 30, 2012, Pressley scored his first career touchdown when he caught a 1-yard touchdown pass from Andy Dalton in a 27–10 win over the Jacksonville Jaguars.

Pressley was waived by the Cincinnati Bengals on December 10, 2013. He was signed by the Cleveland Browns on April 14, 2014. He was released on May 19, 2014.

References

External links
Cincinnati Bengals bio

1986 births
American football fullbacks
Cincinnati Bengals players
Cleveland Browns players
Living people
Players of American football from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Woodbury, New Jersey
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Wisconsin Badgers football players
Woodbury Junior-Senior High School alumni
Hemmatabad (, also Romanized as Hemmatābād; also known as Himmatābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Mahvelat County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,484, in 316 families.

References 

Populated places in Mahvelat County
Shamsabad (, also Romanized as Shamsābād) is a village in Jajrud Rural District, in the Jajrud District of Pardis County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 78, in 28 families.

References 

Populated places in Pardis County
Lectionary 306 (Gregory-Aland), designated by siglum ℓ 306 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. The manuscript is lacunose.

Description 

The original codex contained lessons from the Gospels (Evangelistarium), on 136 parchment leaves, with some lacunae. The leaves are measured ().
The first 54 other leaves were lost. The additional lessons about the season of Epiphany were inserted by other hand.

The text is written in Greek minuscule letters, in one column per page, 16-18 lines per page.

It contains music notes.

History 

Gregory and Scrivener dated the manuscript to the 13th century. It has been assigned by the Institute for New Testament Textual Research (INTF) to the 13th century.

It was bought from Quaritch for the university in 1874.

The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener (292e) and Caspar René Gregory (number 306e). It was examined by Fenton John Anthony Hort. Gregory saw it in 1883.

The codex is housed at the Cambridge University Library (Add. Mss. 1836) in Cambridge.

See also 

 List of New Testament lectionaries
 Biblical manuscript
 Textual criticism
 Lectionary 305

Notes and references

Bibliography 

 

Greek New Testament lectionaries
13th-century biblical manuscripts
Manuscripts held by the University of Cambridge
Handewitt was an Amt ("collective municipality") in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The seat of the Amt was the former municipality  Handewitt.

The Amt Handewitt consists of the following municipalities:

Handewitt
Jarplund-Weding

Former Ämter in Schleswig-Holstein
The Treloar Resource Centre, also known as the Treloar Centre and Treloar Technology Centre, is the Australian War Memorial's (AWM's) storage and conservation facility. It is located in the industrial suburb of Mitchell, Australian Capital Territory. The AWM describes the Treloar Resource Centre as "the Memorial's conservation facility and store for large objects of military technology, including aircraft, vehicles, boats, missiles and guns".

History
From the 1950s the AWM used a warehouse in Duntroon, Australian Capital Territory to store items in its collection which were not on display. The first building in the Treloar Centre was built at the cost of $6 million during the early 1990s to replace this facility. It had 5,800 square metres of storage space and was air conditioned so that items could be properly preserved. The building was officially opened on 21 April 1994. The centre is named after John Treloar, the AWM's director for most of the period between 1920 and 1952.

By 2017, the AWM had purchased five parcels of land at Mitchell to accommodate expansions of the Treloar Resource Centre. These included a block of land which was leased to a third party until 2040. At this time, the total storage space available to the AWM was 15,500 square metres.

The AWM's website states that the Treloar Resource Centre contains "one of the world's leading military equipment collections". This includes a large number of World War I artillery guns. An annual "Big Things in Store" open day is conducted at the facility.

In 2017 the AWM received approval to construct an additional building at the Treloar Resource Centre. This facility will provide a further 5,240 square meters of storage space.

See also
 Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility
 Vimy House

References

Citations

Works consulted

1994 establishments in Australia
Australian War Memorial