Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Robert Eugene Williams (October 14, 1940) is an American astronomer who served as the director of the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) from 1993 to 1998, and the president of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) from 2009 to 2012. Prior to his work at STScI, he was a professor of astronomy at the University of Arizona in Tucson for 18 years and the director of Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory from 1986 to 1993.

Education 
Williams studied at the University of California, Berkeley receiving a bachelor of science degree in 1962. He completed a doctorate at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1965 with a thesis titled . His doctoral advisor was Donald Edward Osterbrock.

Career 
After receiving his doctorate in 1965 Williams was employed at the University of Arizona until 1983. From 1985 to 1993 he served as director of the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile, and from 1993 to 1998 he was director of STSci.

As the director of STScI, he decided to devote a substantial fraction of his director's discretionary time on the Hubble Space Telescope in 1995 to the study of distant galaxies. This historic project resulted in the Hubble Deep Field, a landmark image showing in remarkable detail the structure of galaxies in the early universe. For his leadership of this project, he was awarded the 1998 Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize, the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal in 1999, and the 2016 Karl Schwarzschild Medal.

A member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Williams' research specialties cover nebulae, novae, and emission-line spectroscopy and analysis. He is an advocate for science education and has lectured internationally on the discoveries of the Hubble Space Telescope. In 1996, Williams made the controversial decision to offer the director's discretionary time on the Hubble Space Telescope to two competing teams using distant supernovae to determine the universe's expansion rate accurately. The two teams independently found that the universe's expansion was accelerating due to a previously unknown energy source. The leaders of the two teams were awarded the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery.

In 2015 Williams retired and was appointed emeritus professor of STScI.

References

External links 

 1995: Robert Williams Peers into Deep Space - Timeline of Everyday Cosmology, by the Carnegie Institution for Science.
 Starmus profile of Robert Williams

Winners of the Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize
1940 births
Living people
University of Arizona faculty
Presidents of the International Astronomical Union
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal
American astronomers
Spectroscopists
People from Dunsmuir, California
Marc Francis Costanzo (born August 1, 1972) is a Canadian singer, musician, music publishing executive and the co-lead vocalist of the alternative rock group Len. Costanzo and his older sister, Sharon Costanzo, formed Len in 1991, although the group has featured a revolving lineup of touring and studio musicians since its formation. In 1999, they released their third album, You Can't Stop the Bum Rush, which went platinum in the US and featured the platinum-selling single "Steal My Sunshine".

Early life/Personal life
Born in Montreal, Costanzo moved with his family to Toronto in the early 1990s. He is of half Italian and half English descent.

Music career

Len
Costanzo and his sister formed the pop duo Len in the early 1990s, and, with various touring and studio musicians, released several albums and singles over the next few years. The group self-released two studio albums, Superstar (1995) and Get Your Legs Broke (1997), through Costanzo's label, Funtrip Records. The band's third album, You Can't Stop the Bum Rush (1999), was more hip hop oriented, and Costanzo toured using the stage name Burger Pimp. Costanzo wrote several hits over the years, including "Steal My Sunshine", which Costanzo also produced and which contains samples of "More, More, More" by Andrea True Connection. Released as a single, "Steal My Sunshine" became an international hit and was nominated for a Juno Award in 2000.

Since then, they have released two more albums: The Diary of the Madmen (2005) and It's Easy If You Try (2012). In 2012, Costanzo appeared in the last Len video, "It's My Neighbourhood", featuring scenes of Toronto.

Publishing
Over the years, Marc has been a music publishing executive and has owned several music publishing entities in the US and Canada, specializing in emerging artists and songwriters. Costanzo served as Senior Creative at EMI Music Publishing and signed a number of multi-platinum acts and writers, including Deryck Whibley from Sum 41 and Junior Sanchez.

His current venture, Inside Music Publishing, with offices in Toronto and Nashville, has interest and ownership of catalog publishing rights totaling more than 35 million albums sold.

Accolades
Costanzo has won several awards, including three MMVA awards as a music video director, two as an artist, a Billboard Music Award, and several ASCAP awards as a songwriter. He was a co-composer of the song "Reckless", which won the 2007 International Songwriting Competition.

References

1972 births
Canadian people of Italian descent
Canadian music video directors
Canadian pop singers
Canadian record producers
Living people
Singers from Montreal
Singers from Toronto
21st-century Canadian male singers
Sympis is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae erected by Achille Guenée in 1852.

Description
Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, where the second joint reaching above vertex of head and long slightly curved third joint. Antennae ciliated in male. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia spineless, and hairy. The first joint of hind tarsi hairy on the upperside. Forewings with somewhat produced and acute apex.

Species
 Sympis ochreobasis Pagenstecher, 1900
 Sympis parkeri Lucas, 1894
 Sympis rufibasis Guenée, 1852

References

 
 

Calpinae
Kataf may refer to:
the name of the Atyap people in the Hausa language
Kataf, Iran, a village
The Gres de Saint-Chinian is a geological formation in Aude and Hérault, France whose strata date back to the Late Cretaceous. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Vertebrate paleofauna
Gres de Saint-Chinian outcrops in Département de L'Herault have produced dinosaur eggs, along with the indeterminate remains of avialans, enantiornithes, and possible indeterminate abelisaurids.

See also

 List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations

References

Upper Cretaceous Series of Europe
La Delta (Spanish for "The River delta) is an unincorporated community in the Mojave Desert, within San Bernardino County, California, United States.

La Delta is located, near the Mojave River in the northern Victor Valley.

It is on historic U.S. Route 66 between Oro Grande and Helendale,  northwest of Victorville.

References

Unincorporated communities in San Bernardino County, California
Populated places in the Mojave Desert
Mojave River
Victor Valley
Unincorporated communities in California
The Fédération nationale de la libre pensée () is a French not-for-profit federation of local associations concerned with free thought.

It promotes humanist principles of free enquiry and tolerance on rationalist and scientific principles, and campaigns against dogmatism.

Action against the use of public funds for Christmas decorations
The Federation has brought legal actions under the 1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State against the use of public funds on religious symbols, notably public installations of nativity scenes. In 2014, these actions resulted in the withdrawal of some installations on the principle of secularism, but the legal proceedings got nowhere.

Publications

See also 
 Anti-clericalism
 Irreligion in France
 Secularism in France

References 

Church–state separation advocacy organizations
Non-profit organizations based in France
Secularism in France
Secularist organizations
Separation of church and state
Skeptic organizations in France
Howard 100 and Howard 101 are two uncensored channels on Sirius XM, a satellite radio service that broadcasts programming affiliated with Howard Stern and The Howard Stern Show. Though the channels were first broadcast on September 29, 2005 with the former company Sirius Satellite Radio, Stern could not officially broadcast until January 1, 2006, as Stern was still at WXRK, the terrestrial radio station where he had to finish his FM radio contract. A merger of Sirius Satellite Radio and XM Satellite Radio occurred in the summer of 2008.

Programming

Howard 100
, radio programs on Howard 100 include:
 The Howard Stern Show, live Monday–Wednesday (7am-11am est) with replays of Mondays and Tuesdays shows on Thursdays and Fridays.

Howard 101
, radio programs on Howard 101 include:
 The Howard Stern Wrap-Up Show, live Monday–Friday (1pm-2pm est) discussing the day's episode of The Howard Stern Show
 Sternthology, new Monday–Friday featuring nostalgic clips relevant to topics discussed on the day's episode of The Howard Stern Show

References

External links
 Howard 100
 Howard 101

Sirius XM Radio channels
Howard Stern
News and talk radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 2005
Sirius Satellite Radio channels
XM Satellite Radio channels
Dinerchtein is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandre Dinerchtein (born 1980), Russian Go player
Viacheslav Dinerchtein (born 1976), violist
The Old Mill is an historic mill building at 690 Edgartown-West Tisbury Road in West Tisbury, Massachusetts, on the island of Martha's Vineyard.  The current structure was built c. 1848, and occupies a site that has seen industrial use since the 17th century.  The property is currently owned by the Martha's Vineyard Garden Club.

History
The Old Mill is located just outside the center of West Tisbury, Massachusetts, in the central-western portion of Martha's Vineyard.  The site has seen industrial uses since the 1650s, not long after English settlers arrived on the island.  The property was purchased in 1845 by Captain Thomas Bradley for $1,800, at which time it included a "dilapidated ... mill".  Bradley constructed a new, -story mill building on the site.  It was used as a woolen mill until about 1873.  After that, the property went through a succession of owners and uses, including a tea room, art gallery, and auction house.

The building has been the headquarters of the Martha's Vineyard Garden Club since 1937.  The club purchased the property in 1942, and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Setting and architecture
The mill building is a modest -story brick and wood-frame structure on  of land, most of which is south of the Edgartown-West Tisbury Road.  The building sites near the road, just to its south, and is set into a south-facing hill.  The mill pond is the only major part of the property that is on the north side of the road.  A parking area near the mill is screened by trees, and most of the land is naturally landscaped.

The mill itself consists of a rectangular main block, 7 bays wide and 4 deep, with an ell of 1.5 stories extending from its eastern elevation.  Each floor of the building consists of a single open room.  A stairway provides access between the first and second floors, and a modern pulldown ladder provides access to the top floor.  A deck, a variant of an earlier one, adorns the east side of the building, as does a small modern addition providing modern plumbing facilities.  The building is built on a foundation of rubble, with brick on the lower levels that are exposed from the hillside.  The mill's power supply, Red Brook, flows through a conduit under the mill, although there are no visible signs remaining of how its power was harnessed.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Dukes County, Massachusetts

References

External links
Martha's Vineyard Garden Club

Martha's Vineyard
History of Dukes County, Massachusetts
Grinding mills on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Dukes County, Massachusetts
Grinding mills in Massachusetts
Ischnomera is a genus of false blister beetles in the subfamily Oedemerinae.

Species 
Ischnomera contains over 40 species:

References 

Oedemeridae
Beetle genera
Ježce () is a small settlement in the Primskovo area of the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Industry

Ježce is known for its gravel pits. There are three large quarries in Ježce: two north of the village center, and a smaller one to the south.

References

External links

Ježce on Geopedia

Populated places in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji
Proceratium eocenicum is an extinct species of formicid in the ant subfamily Proceratiinae known from fossils found in the Baltic region.

History and classification
P. eocenicum is known from two fossil specimens of adult males.  The fossils were discovered preserved as inclusions in transparent chunks of Baltic amber.  Baltic amber is approximately forty six million years old, having been deposited during Lutetian stage of the Middle Eocene.  There is debate on what plant family the amber was produced by, with macrofossil and microflossil evidence suggesting a Pinus relative, while chemical and spectroscopic evidence suggests Agathis or Sciadopitys. The paleoenvironment of the Eocene Baltic forests where the P. eocenicum lived was that of humid temperate to subtropical islands.  The forests were composed of mostly Quercus and Pinus species, while the lower sections of the forests had paratropical plant elements, such as palms.

At the time of description, the holotype male, number MZ PAN, no. 18097 was preserved in the Museum of the Earth collections, part of the Polish Academy of Sciences. The paratype male,  (CGC, no. 3306) was part of the Carsten Gröhn private collection as CGC no.3306, and subsequently deposited in the  Geological-Paleontological Institute and Museum at the University of Hamburg as specimen GPIH, no. 4507.  The fossil was first described by the Russian paleomyrmecologist Gennady Dlussky in a paper on the ant subfamilies Ponerinae, Cerapachyinae, and Pseudomyrmecinae in European Eocene ambers.  In the type description, Dlussky named the species P. eocenicum, with the specific epithet derived from "Eocene" as a reference to the age of the amber.

As of 2015, six species of Proceratium had been described from fossils. P. denticulatum, P. dominicanum, P. gibberum and P. poinari are younger than P. eocenicum, being described from the Middle Miocene Dominican amber.  P. petrosum, the first species to be described from a compression fossil, is from diatomite deposits of the Bol’shaya Svetlovodnaya site on the Pacific coast of Russia.  P. eocenicum is of similar age to P. petrosum, the only other species with a described fossil male.

Description
P. eocenicum males range between  in adult length, with a shiny exoskeleton.  The surface of the exoskeleton has hairs, both upright and laying flat, and pitting across the whole body.  The hairs are short, being shorter than the distance between each hair, while the upright hair is confined to areas of the legs, and around the tip of the gaster.  The pits are not well developed on the head or the scutum, but become much more developed on the upper surface of the mesopleura and propodeum, spaced slightly closer than the diameter of each pit.  Fore-wings on the males range between  in length and have a distinct fringe of hair along the back edge of the wing.

References

External links

Proceratiinae
Eocene insects
Fossil taxa described in 2009
Prehistoric insects of Europe
Hymenoptera of Europe
Baltic amber
Fossil ant taxa
Events from the year 1744 in Wales.

Incumbents
Lord Lieutenant of North Wales (Lord Lieutenant of Anglesey, Caernarvonshire, Denbighshire, Flintshire, Merionethshire, Montgomeryshire) – George Cholmondeley, 3rd Earl of Cholmondeley 
Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan – Charles Powlett, 3rd Duke of Bolton
Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire and Lord Lieutenant of Monmouthshire – Thomas Morgan
Lord Lieutenant of Cardiganshire – Wilmot Vaughan, 3rd Viscount Lisburne (from 10 May)
Lord Lieutenant of Carmarthenshire – vacant until 1755
Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire – Sir Arthur Owen, 3rd Baronet
Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire – James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos (until 9 August); 

Bishop of Bangor – Matthew Hutton (from 13 November)
Bishop of Llandaff – John Gilbert
Bishop of St Asaph – Samuel Lisle (from 1 April)
Bishop of St Davids – The Hon. Richard Trevor (from 1 April)

Events
1 April - The Hon. Richard Trevor is consecrated as Bishop of St David's, replacing Edward Willes. Samuel Lisle is consecrated as Bishop of St Asaph on the same day.
18 May - Howell Harris marries Anne Williams.
date unknown - Richard Morris is selected by the S.P.C.K. to supervise the production of its edition of the Welsh Bible.

Arts and literature

New books
Jane Brereton - Poems on several occasions (posthumously published)

Music
William Williams Pantycelyn - Aleluia (first collection of hymns)

Births
6 August - John Hanbury, ironmaster (died 1784)
17 September - Albemarle Bertie, 9th Earl of Lindsey, father of Lady Charlotte Guest (died 1818)
date unknown 
Robert Hughes (Robin Ddu yr Ail or Robin Ddu o Fon), poet (died 1785)
Richard Philipps, 1st Baron Milford (first creation) (died 1823)

Deaths
19 January - Lady Lucy Herbert, writer, 74
2 March - William Maxwell, 5th Earl of Nithsdale, Jacobite, husband of Winifred Herbert, 67
9 August - James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos, Lord Lieutenant of Radnorshire, 71
21 September - William Nevill, 16th Baron Bergavenny, about 45

References

Wales
Wales
Peter Peter may refer to:

Peter Peter (Canadian musician) (born 1984), Canadian singer-songwriter
Peter Peter (Danish musician) (born 1960), former member of the Danish rock band Sort Sol (formerly SODS)

See also
Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater
miR-196 is a non-coding RNA called a microRNA that has been shown to be expressed in humans (MI0000238, MI0000279) and mice (MI0000552, MI0000553). 
miR-196 appears to be a vertebrate specific microRNA and has now been predicted or experimentally confirmed in a wide range of vertebrate species (MIPF0000031). In many species the miRNA appears to be expressed from intergenic regions in HOX gene clusters. The hairpin precursors are predicted based on base pairing and cross-species conservation—their extents are not known.  In this case the mature sequence is excised from the 5' arm of the hairpin.

It has been suggested that a rare SNP (rs11614913) that overlaps hsa-mir-196a-2 has been found to be associated with non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Further reading

References

External links
 
 MIPF0000031

MicroRNA
MicroRNA precursor families
Imre Alfréd Erőss (7 July 1909 – 31 July 1950) was a Romanian cleric and Roman Catholic bishop. 

Born into an ethnic Hungarian family in Prisian (Perestyén) in what is now Caraş-Severin County, he began his studies at the Piarist High School in Timișoara. His father objected to his wish of becoming a Jesuit, and so he continued his studies in Târgu Secuiesc. He began his theological education at the Roman Catholic Theological Institute of Alba Iulia before continuing in Rome from 1929 to 1937, being ordained a priest there in 1935. He was a hospital chaplain at Cluj in 1937 and supervised seminarians at Alba Iulia from 1938 to 1941 before returning to teach dogmatics at Cluj until 1944. From then until 1949, he taught World War II refugees at Zirc. In 1949, he was consecrated bishop in Bucharest. He died in a hospital in Cluj and was buried in Turda.

Erőss published a number of theological works.

Notes

1909 births
1950 deaths
People from Caraș-Severin County
Romanian religious leaders of Hungarian descent
Romanian theologians
Romanian anti-communist clergy
20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Romania
Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum alumni
The Ministry of Justice () is responsible for the administration of courts and prosecutors in Quebec, Canada. The Minister is automatically the Attorney General, and Registrar of Quebec.

The Ministry of Justice was created by the Department of Justice Act, which came into effect on June 4, 1965, making Quebec the first Canadian province to have a department of justice. The first Minister appointed under the new Act was Claude Wagner.

Prior to 1965, the senior justice official in the province was the Attorney General. This role was created in 1867 replacing the role of Attorney General of Canada East and before 1841 the Attorney General of Lower Canada.

In 1975, a working paper, La Justice Contemporaine, proposed a comprehensive vision of the justice system in Quebec, and recommended unification of the provincial trial courts  The Court of Quebec was not established until 1988, after the merging of Provincial Court, the Court of the Sessions of the Peace and the Youth Court.

The current minister is Simon Jolin-Barrette.

See also 
 List of Ministers of Justice of Quebec
 Directeur des poursuites criminelles et pénales

References

External links
 Justice Quebec

Justice
Quebec
Government agencies established in 1965
1965 establishments in Quebec
XYZ
Herold is an unincorporated community in Braxton County, West Virginia, United States. Herold is located along the Birch River and County Route 40,  southwest of Sutton. Herold had a post office, which opened on September 3, 1891, and closed on December 23, 1984.

References

Unincorporated communities in Braxton County, West Virginia
Unincorporated communities in West Virginia
The Jefferson Avenue School is an historic American school building that is located in Bristol, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

History and architectural features
Built in 1908, this historic structure is a three-story, fieldstone schoolhouse building with limestone trim, a hipped roof, and a basement. It features Georgian Revival detailing, including a large central frontispiece with a large semi-elliptical window. About 1986 the school was renovated and became apartments or condominiums.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

References

School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
School buildings completed in 1908
Schools in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
1908 establishments in Pennsylvania
Sweden chose their entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 in the national selection Melodifestivalen 1981. After a tight race, the winner was a song called "Fångad i en dröm", which was performed by Björn Skifs. Björn was also the Swedish representative in the 1978 contest, and had written the song together with Bengt Palmers.

Before Eurovision

Melodifestivalen 1981 
Melodifestivalen 1981 was the selection for the 21st song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 20th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 90 songs were submitted to SVT for the competition. The final was held in the Cirkus in Stockholm on 21 February 1981, presented by Janne Loffe Carlsson and was broadcast on TV1 but was not broadcast on radio. It was the second time that Lasse Holm and Kikki Danielsson had been beaten into second place by Björn Skifs, after 1978.

Voting

At Eurovision
At the contest, this year held in Dublin, Ireland, Sweden was drawn #20, at the very end of the start field. The song earned maximum points from France and 10 points from Germany, and finally ended up 10th with 50 points.

Voting

References

External links
TV broadcastings at SVT's open archive

1981
Countries in the Eurovision Song Contest 1981
1981
Eurovision
Eurovision