Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Parliamentary elections were held in Latvia on 14 and 15 July 1940, alongside simultaneous elections in Estonia and Lithuania, following the Soviet occupation of the three countries. The Communist Party of Latvia was legalised and it created the "Latvian Working People's Bloc" (which consisted almost entirely of the Communists) to take part in the elections. It was the sole permitted participant in the elections as an attempt to include the Democratic Bloc (Demokrātiskais bloks), an alliance of all now-banned Latvian parties except the Social Democratic Workers' Party, on the ballot was suppressed. The main figures of the Democratic Bloc were either arrested and deported (Atis Ķeniņš, Pēteris Berģis and Jānis Bankavs) or shot (Hugo Celmiņš) shortly afterwards, while a few (Voldemārs Zāmuēls, Jānis Breikšs) managed to escape the repression by fleeing from the country. As was the case in Estonia and Lithuania, the elections were blatantly rigged, with the Working People’s Bloc winning every seat.

Results

Aftermath
Along with its sister parliaments in Estonia (Riigivolikogu) and Lithuania (Liaudies Seimas), the newly elected People's Parliament (Tautas Saeima) convened on 21 July. It declared Latvia a Soviet republic and requested admission to the Soviet Union on the same day. The request was approved by the Soviet government on 5 August. This move was illegal under the constitution, which stipulated that a major change to the basic constitutional order could only be enacted after two-thirds of the electorate approved it via a plebiscite. Soviet sources maintained that the election marked the culmination of a socialist revolution that the Latvian people carried out free of Soviet influence, and the "People's Parliament" was a democratic institution of the Latvian people that ultimately voted to join the Soviet Union. However, Baltic and Western sources maintained that the election was merely an attempt to give legal sanction to a Soviet occupation.

When Latvia declared independence in 1990, it contended that the 1940 election was illegal on several counts. According to the declaration, the election was conducted on the basis of an unconstitutional and illegal election law, and the election results were heavily falsified. It also noted that the Working People's Bloc was the only party allowed to contest the election out of 17 that submitted lists, and accused the bloc of deceiving the people about its intention to make Latvia part of the Soviet Union. It also noted that under the constitution, the People's Saeima did not have the authority to change the form of the state, but was required to submit such changes to the people for approval in a referendum. On this basis, the declaration argued that all acts of the People's Saeima, including the request to join the Soviet Union, were ipso facto void.

See also
1940 Estonian parliamentary election
1940 Lithuanian parliamentary election

References

Latvia
One-party elections
Parliamentary
Parliamentary elections in Latvia
The serrated hinged terrapin (Pelusios sinuatus) is a species of turtle in the family Pelomedusidae. The species is native to East Africa and Southern Africa. There are two recognised subspecies.

Geographic range
P. sinuatus is found in Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

Habitat and behaviour
The preferred natural habitats of P. sinuatus are tropical lakes and rivers, where it can often be seen basking on logs, rocks, or mud banks, or even on the backs of sleeping hippopotami.

Diet
P. sinuatus eats water snails, soft-weed, and insects.

Description
The largest species in the genus Pelusios, P. sinuatus has a straight carapace length of up to . Females are larger than males. Males can also be distinguished by their slightly longer tails.

Defence
For defence, the hinged plastron of P. sinuatus closes to protect the head and forelimbs. The serrated hinged terrapin also secretes a foul odour when threatened.

Breeding
The female serrated hinged terrapin lays seven to 25 eggs, up to  from the nearest water, in October to January. Hatchlings appear in March to April.

Subspecies
The following two subspecies are recognised as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.
Pelusios sinuatus bottegi 
Pelusios sinuatus sinuatus

Etymology
The subspecific name, bottegi is in honour of Italian explorer Vittorio Bottego.

See also
Pelomedusa subrufa, a similar species

References

Further reading
Schmidt KP (1919). "Contributions to the Herpetology of the Belgian Congo Based on the Collection of the American Museum Congo Expedition, 1909–1915. Part I. Turtles, Crocodiles, Lizards, and Chameleons". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 39 (2): 385–624 + Plates VII–XXXII. (Pelusios sinuatus, new combination, p. 401).
Smith A (1838). Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa; Consisting Chiefly of Figures and Descriptions of the Objects of Natural History Collected during an Expedition into the Interior of South Africa, in the Years 1834, 1835, and 1836; Fitted out by "The Cape of Good Hope Association for the Exploring Central Africa:" Together with a Summary of African Zoology, and an Inquiry into the Geographical Ranges of Species in that Quarter of the Globe. [Volume III. Reptilia.] London: Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury. (Smith, Elder and Co., printers). 48 Plates + unnumbered pages of text. (Sternotherus sinuatus, new species, Plate I + two unnumbered pages). (in English and Latin).
Spawls S, Howell K, Hinkel H, Menegon M (2018). Field Guide to East African Reptiles, Second Edition. London: Bloomsbury Natural History.624 pp. . (Pelusios sinuatus, p. 60).

serrated hinged terrapin
Reptiles of East Africa
serrated hinged terrapin
Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim17-A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TIMM17A gene.

See also
 Mitochondria Inner Membrane Translocase
 TIMM22
 TIMM23
 TIMM44

References

Further reading

Mitochondrial proteins
Wilhelm Cohn  (, February 6, 1859, Berlin – August 17, 1913, Charlottenburg) was a German chess master.

He participated in some strong tournaments. In 1897, he tied for 13-14th in Berlin (Rudolf Charousek won). In 1898, he tied for 2nd-4th in Cologne (11th DSB Kongress; Amos Burn won). In 1899, he tied for 10-11th in London (Emanuel Lasker won). In 1900, he took 6th in Munich (12th DSB Kongress; Géza Maróczy, Harry Pillsbury and Carl Schlechter won). In 1902, he took 13th in Hanover (13th DSB Kongress; Dawid Janowski won).

He won several B tournaments at Berlin 1893, Leipzig 1894, Hastings 1895, Eisenach 1896, Berlin 1908, and took 3rd at Barmen 1905. He tied for 2nd-3rd, behind Carl Ahues, at Berlin 1911.

In matches, he lost both to Carl Walbrodt in 1894, and Erhardt Post in 1910.

See also
 List of Jewish chess players

References

External links 
 Chessgames.com database of Wilhelm Cohn's games

German chess players
Jewish chess players
19th-century German Jews
Sportspeople from Berlin
1859 births
1913 deaths
19th-century chess players
A resilifer is a part of the shell of certain bivalve mollusks. It is either a recess (a pit or groove of some sort) or a process, the function of which is the attachment of an internal ligament, which holds the two valves together.

An internal ligament (which requires a resilifer to function) is part of the hinge mechanism in certain taxonomic families of  bivalve shells, such as oysters and scallops. A resilifer (and its associated ligament) is  the primary structure comprising the type of bivalve hinge that is known as an "isodont" hinge.

References

Mollusc shells
World Champion () is a 1954 Soviet sport drama film directed by Vladimir Gonchukov.

Plot 
Ilya Gromov is a well-known strongman among fellow villagers. Under the guidance of an experienced coach, a simple country boy becomes a world champion in the Greco-Roman wrestling.

Cast
 Aleksey Vanin as Ilya Gromov, wrestler
 Vladimir Volodin as Privalov
 Vasily Merkuryev as Fyodor Bessonov
 Vladimir Gulyaev 
 Denis Andreyev
 Veniamin Beloglazov
 Nadezhda Cherednichenko
 Dmitriy Kara-Dmitriev
 Klavdiya Khabarova
 Nikolai Komissarov
 Muza Krepkogorskaya

Release 
Vladimir Gonchukov film's took the 12th place in the ranking of the highest-grossing films of the USSR in 1955. In the history of Soviet hire, he is on the 461st place with 27.9 million spectators.

References

External links 
 

1954 films
1950s sports drama films
1950s Russian-language films
Soviet sports drama films
Gorky Film Studio films
Soviet black-and-white films
1954 drama films
The 81st Group Army (), Unit 31675, formerly the 65th Group Army, is a military formation of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Ground Forces (PLAGF). The 81st Group Army is one of thirteen total group armies of the PLAGF, the largest echelon of ground forces in the People's Republic of China, and one of three assigned to the nation's Central Theater Command.

History 

The 65th Group Army traces its lineage to its original incarnation, the 5th Column of the North China Field Army established sometime around 1946. It was initially composed of three brigades, the 13th, 14th, and 15th. In 1949 the unit was reorganized and redesignated as the 65th Army under the command of Hsiao Ying-t'ang.  In 1949 the 65th Army was composed of the 193rd, 194th and 195th Divisions.

The 65th Army was deployed to Korea in 1951. Following the Korean War the 65th Army was redeployed to Hebei in 1953.

In October 1960, the 195th Army Division, except its 575th Artillery Regiment, were transferred to the Engineer Troops and reorganized as 102nd Engineer District Command.

Formed in 1969, the 195th Division (Second Formation) was disbanded in 1985.

In May 1989, the 65th Army’s 193rd and 194th Infantry Divisions along with the 3rd Reserved Division were deployed to Beijing to enforce martial law and suppress the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.

In 2002, the formation's ID number was changed from 50156 to 66455.

Organization 
The 81st Group Army is composed of: 
 7th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade
 70th Light Combined Arms Brigade
 162th Medium Combined Arms Brigade
 189th Medium Combined Arms Brigade
 194th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade
 195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade
 81st Special Operations Brigade
 81st Army Aviation Brigade
 81st Artillery Brigade
 81st Air Defense Brigade
 81st Engineering and Chemical Defense Brigade
 81st Service Support Brigade

See also 
Chinese People's Volunteer Army order of battle

References 

Field armies of the People's Liberation Army
Military units and formations established in 1949
Military of Zhangjiakou
Beijing Military Region
The Chalice of Doña Urraca is a jewel-encrusted onyx chalice kept at the Basilica of San Isidoro in León, Spain, which belonged to infanta Urraca of Zamora, daughter of Ferdinand I of Leon.

In March 2014, Spanish authors Margarita Torres and José Ortega del Rio asserted the chalice could be the purported Holy Grail (a claim that had never been made during the roughly one thousand years the chalice had been kept in the Basilica). Although the claim was met with disbelief by historians and specialists, who claim the materials and techniques used in the chalice indicate a mid-11th century origin, the allegations led to unprecedented crowds swarming to the Basilica to see it, which led to the setting aside of a separate exhibition room only for the chalice.

Location
The chalice is kept at the Basilica of San Isidoro in León, Spain, where historians say it has been since the 11th century.

The publication of The Kings of the Grail in March 2014, which claims the chalice is the Holy Grail, led museum staff at the basilica to swiftly withdraw the chalice from display, saying the crowds seeking to visit the museum were too large for it to handle. The museum now displays the chalice in a separate room in the tower alongside the old library.

History and Holy Grail claims

Authors and researchers Margarita Torres and José Ortega del Rio published their book, The Kings of the Grail, in March 2014 claiming they had traced the origins of the chalice to the early Christian communities of Jerusalem.

The researchers say the chalice was transported to Cairo by Muslim travelers and was later given to an emir on the Spanish coast who had assisted victims of a famine in Egypt. From there, the chalice came into the possession of King Ferdinand I of Leon, father of Urraca of Zamora, as a peace offering by an Andalusian ruler.

Dating suggests the chalice was made between 200 BC and 100 AD. According to Torres, "the only chalice that could be considered the chalice of Christ is that which made the journey to Cairo and then from Cairo to León — and that is this chalice".

Archaeologists quickly sought to dispel Torres and del Rio's claims, pointing out that an estimated 200 different cups and chalices across Europe "vie for the title". Diarmaid MacCulloch, Professor of the History of the Church at Oxford University, said the claims were "idiotic". The authors expressed uncertainty about whether Jesus actually used the cup.

To make the chalice more accessible, in 2017 it was digitalized, modeled in 3D and made available for watching it wearing VR glasses. Visitor to the museum can have the experience of having the virtual chalice in their hands and analyzing all its details.

References

External links
Museo San Isidoro de Leon

Holy Grail
León, Spain
1182 Ilona, provisional designation , is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory on 3 March 1927, and later named Ilona. Any reference to its name is unknown.

Classification and orbit 

Ilona orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 5 months (1,241 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first identified as  at Bergedorf Observatory in September 1915. The body's observation arc, however, begins at Heidelberg one night after its official discovery observation.

Naming 

Any reference to a person or occurrence of this minor planet's name is unknown. The name was suggested by German astronomer Gustav Stracke.

Unknown meaning 

Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Ilona is one of 120 asteroids, for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these low-numbered asteroids have numbers between  and  and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth.

Physical characteristics 

Ilona is an assumed stony S-type asteroid.

Rotation period and shape 

Three rotational lightcurve of Ilona were obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 29.8 hours (including an alternative period solution 14.938 hours, or half the period) with a brightness variation of 0.98 to 1.20 magnitude (). A high brightness amplitude typically indicates that the body has a non-spheroidal shape.

Diameter and albedo 

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Ilona measures between 12.67 and 17.88 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.175 and 0.2957. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2039 and calculates a diameter of 14.09 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.6.

References

External links 
 Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
 Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
 Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
 
 

001182
Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth
Named minor planets
19270303
Ella Bucio Dovali (born 20 August 1997) is a Mexican traceur.

Biography
In her youth, Bucio trained in artistic gymnastics and she later switched to parkour in 2016. In May 2022, at the World Cup in Montpellier, Bucio won gold in freestyle and bronze in speed. In September 2022 at the World Cup in Sofia, she took her second World Cup victory in freestyle.

In October 2022, at the Parkour World Championships in Tokyo, Bucio took the women's first gold in freestyle category in the first edition of the championship.

References

1997 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Mexico City
Mexican sportswomen
Traceurs
21st-century Mexican women
Meerstad is a planned town in the Dutch province of Groningen. It started in 2007 as part of the municipality of Slochteren, but was transferred to the city of Groningen in 2017. The original plan was to built 10,000 houses for 30,000 people by 2026, but has been revised to 6,000 houses by 2035.

History 
In March 2005, the municipal council of Slochteren approved the master plan of Meerstad. The name is a combination of meer (lake) and stad (city), and was planned to become a suburban planned town with 10,000 houses for 30,000 people by 2026. The town would be built on a  area, and would cater to middle income families. In 2006, the construction of the central lake started, and in 2008, the first houses were built. Slochteren would be responsible, however it would be built in corporation with the city of Groningen.

The initial plans were too optimistic. In 2010, there were supposed to be 3,000 houses in Meerstad, but in 2014, less than 200 had been built. The numbers were revised down to 6,000 houses by 2035. In 2011, there were rumours that Slochteren wanted to transfer ownership to the city of Groningen, however both municipalities neither confirmed nor denied the rumours. In 2015, it was announced that Meerstad would be transferred to the city of Groningen effective 1 January 2017. The villages of Harkstede and  which were located within the Meerstad project would remain in Slochteren.

In 2021, the losses on the Meerstad project were in excess of €100 million, and the population was 2,595 people.

Gallery

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links 

 Official website (in Dutch)

Populated places in Groningen (province)
Groningen (city)
Planned communities in the Netherlands
2007 establishments in the Netherlands
Rappahannock Academy may refer to:

Rappahannock Academy, Virginia, an unincorporated community in Caroline County, Virginia
Rappahannock Academy & Military Institute, a defunct military academy 
Rappahannock Industrial Academy, a school for African Americans
La Comédie humaine () is a 2010 Hong Kong comedy film directed and written by Chan Hing-ka and Janet Chun. Released in cinemas on 8 July 2010, it premiered at the 31 March 2010 Hong Kong International Film Festival.

Plot
The story revolves around a Spring (To), a hitman from mainland China who is on a mission in Hong Kong with his partner Setting Sun (Hui). However, Spring falls ill and comes under the care of a screenwriter by the name of Soya (Wong) and they find themselves developing into a tight and everlasting friendship.

Cast
Chapman To as Spring
Wong Cho-lam as Soya
Fiona Sit as Tin-Oi
Kama Law as Maggie Chan
Benz Hui as Setting Sun
Chiu Tien-you
Lee Lik-chi

Critical reception
The film has been generally received neutrally. Chan Hing-Ka's vision was criticised for having been "poorly paced."

References

External links

La Comédie Humaine at the Hong Kong Cinemagic

2010 films
2010s Cantonese-language films
2010 comedy films
Hong Kong comedy films
2010s Hong Kong films
Teriomima micra, the minute buff, is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. It is found along the coast of Kenya and in Tanzania (from the coast to the northern part of the country). The habitat consists of coastal forests.

The larvae feed on tree lichens.

References

Butterflies described in 1898
Poritiinae
Butterflies of Africa
Taxa named by Henley Grose-Smith
Big Valley District-Lake County AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Lake County, California.  There was 6 wineries within the viticultural area, as well as 43 commercially-producing vineyards covering approximately  when officially established by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) in October 2013 alongside the adjacent  Kelsey Bench AVA.
  
Big Valley District is in a large valley near Clear Lake, the Mayacamas mountain range, and the dormant Mount Konocti volcano. The AVA is in the less hilly area near  Kelseyville; the hillier areas are  part of the Kelsey Bench AVA.  Big Valley is a structural basin that is part of the larger Clear Lake basin.

Sauvignon Blanc grape variety makes up the majority of the region's plantings in addition to producing Zinfandels and Cabernet Francs.

References

External links
  Shannon Ridge,  Family of Wines

American Viticultural Areas of California

American Viticultural Areas
Geography of Lake County, California
1991 establishments in California
Platysphinx constrigilis is a moth of the family Sphingidae first described by Francis Walker in 1869. It is known from Africa.

The larvae feed on Alchornea cordifolia, Baphia pubescens and Macrolobium macrophyllum.

Subspecies
Platysphinx constrigilis constrigilis (forests from Cameroon to Angola, the Congo, Uganda and western Kenya)
Platysphinx constrigilis lamtoi Pierre, 1989 (Ivory Coast)

References

Platysphinx
Moths described in 1869
Moths of Africa
This is a list of the 99 members of the European Parliament for Germany in the 2009 to 2014 session.

List

Party representation

2009
List
Germany
Soltero (Spanish "bachelor") may refer to

People
Soltero (musician), the musical project of radio producer Tim Howard
Victor Soltero (born 1938), American politician from Arizona
Gonzalo Soltero, Mexican author
Susan Soltero (born 1961), Puerto Rican weather forecaster
Javier Soltero (born 1974), Puerto Rican entrepreneur

Film and TV
, 1977 film by Carlos Borcosque Jr.
Soltero (film), 1984 film with Manuel Conde

Other
Dean Soltero, a guitar manufactured by Dean Guitars

See also
 Solero (disambiguation)