Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
"Poppin'" is the fifth single by Chris Brown produced by Dre & Vidal off his self-titled debut album, released in November 2006. In a radio interview in Miami, Florida, Brown stated that he would not be shooting a music video. The song peaked at number 42 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song is included in the Stomp the Yard soundtrack.
There is a remix to the song featuring Juelz Santana and Lil Wayne. Both artists are featured on separate tracks on Chris Brown's self-titled debut album as well.

Song information
Brown sings about meeting a girl and claims that her looks "set him on fire". He is basically giving praise to the young lady's physical attributes and therefore describing her as "poppin'".

Chart performance
Poppin debuted at number 82 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart on December 5, 2006. The song eventually peaked at number 42 on February 6, 2007 and spent a total of 20 weeks on the chart, though it was not promoted physically as a CD single. It became the first Chris Brown single to miss the top fifteen. The single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over 500,000 copies in the United States.

Official versions
 Poppin' (Main) - 4:25

Remix
The official remix of "Poppin'", a single off of Chris Brown's self-titled debut album, features rappers Lil Wayne and Juelz Santana.

Charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2005 songs
2006 singles
Chris Brown songs
Songs written by Johntá Austin
Songs written by Andre Harris
Songs written by Vidal Davis
Jive Records singles
Song recordings produced by Dre & Vidal
The Ven. Montague Blamire Williamson (17 January 1863 –  20 February 1939) was an Anglican priest who was the Archdeacon of Bodmin from 1924 until his death.

He was born into an ecclesiastical family, the son of Rev. S. Williamson, sometime Vicar of St Andrew's, Radcliffe, Lancashire. in 1863 and educated at St John’s College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1887 and began his career as  a curate at Ashburton, Devon. After this he was Curate-in-Charge of Rockbeare then Vicar of Bickington. He held further Incumbencies at Padstow (1904-1912) and then All Saints' Falmouth before his appointment as Archdeacon. He was the author of Divine Guidance (Skeffington and Son, 1899).

References

External links

1863 births
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
1939 deaths
Archdeacons of Bodmin
Ogi may refer to:

People
Adolf Ogi (born 1942), Swiss politician
, Japanese football player
, Japanese actress and politician
Darko Ostojić (born 1965), nicknamed Ogi, Bosnian musician and actor
, Japanese football player
Ogi Ogas (born 1970s), American writer
Ogi (singer), American singer and songwriter

Places
Ogi, Angul, Odisha, India
Ogi, Ōita, a former town in Oita, Japan
Ogi, Niigata, a town located in Sado Island, Niigata Prefecture, Japan
Ogi, Saga, a city in Saga, Japan

Other uses
Ogi (food), a fermented cereal pudding
OGI School of Science and Engineering, Hillsboro, Oregon, United States
Ogi (character), one of the main characters of Bobinogs
Orchestra Giovanile Italiana

See also
 Ōgi Station (disambiguation)

Japanese-language surnames
Merdiban was an accounting method used by the Ottoman Empire, Abbasid Caliphater, and Ilkhanate, especially for recording tax payments and liabilities.

Etymology
The word "Merdiban" is derived from merdiven, a word of Persian origin meaning "staircase" or "ladder". The Ottomans themselves generally called this method muhasebe usulü "method of accounting".

History
Abbasid accounting techniques were inherited by the Ilkhanate and then the Ottoman Empire; spanning several centuries until modern double-entry accounting was adopted post-Tanzimat.

Merdiban originated in the Abbasid Caliphate; the first likely example has been found in an eighth-century government document.  After the conquest of Baghdad by Mongol forces in 1258, many Persian and Arab officials were employed by the Ikhanate. As the Mongols lacked strong state institutions, local systems were adopted, including accounting techniques. For instance, the Abbasids had a kind of daily ledger called a Defter-ul Yevmiye; the Ilkhanate adopted the same kind of daily ledger but called it Ruznamce. (The later Ottoman ruznamçe was similar).

Ghazan (1295–1304) made fiscal reforms; these drove more detailed record-keeping and, hence, further development of accounting techniques. Centralised fiscal record-keeping was divided according to provinces, and each team reported to a katip (which roughly corresponds to "clerk") - the same title used in the Abbasid state. "Katip" continued to be used to describe Ottoman accountants, although their official title was halife. The Risale-i Felekiyye, written in 1363 by Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Kiya Al-Mazandarani, was a manual of accounting, and is an important source for modern historians.  The technique set out in the Risale begins to resemble a crude early attempt at double-entry accounting, but there is little evidence that this influenced the development of modern double-entry accounting in Italy.

It is possible that other states used accounting systems based on merdiban, but documentary evidence is sparse.

Method
In the Ottoman empire, accounting was not taught systematically in madrasahs or other schools; instead, it was taught on a master-apprentice basis in the workplace, especially the Hazine-i Amire (finance ministry). So, few instruction documents survive from this era.

Merdiban was named because of the descending sequence in which amounts were recorded; a total at the top, and then individual items below. Typically, the last letter of the first word in an entry would be extended all the way across a line from left to right, acting as a separator between entries.

Mediban was usually recorded in siyakat script; a specialised and condensed form of text, almost stenographic, which was used where much of the content was numerical. Siyakat was so widely associated with accounting and fiscal documents that it became a synonym.

References

History of accounting
Abbasid Caliphate
Economy of the medieval Islamic world
Taxation in the Ottoman Empire
Ilkhanate
Economic history
Lucrezia Barberini (24 October 1628 – 24 August 1699) was an Italian noblewoman and, by marriage, Duchess of Modena. Born into the Barberini family, she was the last wife of Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena.

Biography

Barberini was born 24 October 1628; the eldest of five children to Taddeo Barberini, Prince of Palestrina and his wife Anna Colonna, a daughter of Filippo Colonna, Prince of Paliano. She was the sister of Maffeo Barberini and Cardinal Carlo Barberini and the Grand-Niece of Pope Urban VIII. Her uncles included three Cardinals; Francesco Barberini, Antonio Barberini and Girolamo Colonna.

Her cousin Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, Prince of Paliano, was the husband of Marie Mancini; niece of French First Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin.

On 14 October 1654 she married Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena and was the mother of Rinaldo d'Este who succeeded nephew as Duke of Modena. The couple married in Loreto, Marche at the Basilica della Santa Casa. In many ways the marriage represented a long-overdue truce between the House of Este and the House of Barberini who had taken sides against each other during the First War of Castro. Francesco had, in fact, fought alongside his father against Taddeo Barberini's troops.

They had one son, Rinaldo d'Este, Duke of Modena, who married Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Through this child, she is ancestor of the royal house of Austria-Este.

References

1628 births
1699 deaths
House of Este
Lucrezia
Lucrezia
Lucrezia
17th-century Italian nobility
17th-century Italian women
Mothers of monarchs
Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CHST7 gene.

Function 

This gene belongs to the sulfotransferase gene family. Sulfotransferases generate sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) moieties during chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis. They create considerable structural diversity among chondroitin sulfates by transferring sulfate with remarkable specificity for the underlying oligosaccharide substrate. This gene product mainly transfers sulfate to N-acetylgalactosamine. The regulated expression of each member of this gene family may be an important determinant of sulfated GAGs expression and the associated function of chondroitin sulfates as regulators of many biologic processes. This gene is part of a gene cluster on chromosome Xp11.23.

References

External links

Further reading
Keith McKeddie Doig  (11 December 1891 – 3 January 1949) was an Australian rules footballer who played with University in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Doig was born in Nathalia, Victoria and his school education was at Geelong College, where he was dux of the school and captain of both cricket and football. From there he went to Ormond College at the University of Melbourne and it was a mark of respect for him as a schoolboy that his fees at Ormond were paid by the headmaster of Geelong College.

At University he excelled in both sport and academic life. He captained his cricket and football teams from his second year on and was made a University blue for both sports. He made 44 appearances for University over the period 1912–1914.

After his year of residency at the Royal Melbourne Hospital he entered the Australian Army Medical Corps in 1916 and spent his time in France. He was awarded the Military Cross in the 1918 New Year Honours.

On returning to civilian life he set up medical practice in Colac in 1920 and married Miss Lewis Maffra Grant the same year. It was a stimulating practice and he gave it all his vital energy and ability. He continued to be keen on sport, this time in tennis, and he was captain of the winning country week tennis team in 1933.

During World War II, the shortage of medical men in the country areas took toll on his health and he suffered his first heart attack in 1948 and his second fatal one in 1949. He was survived by his widow, and four children, the two eldest following him in the practice of medicine, while his daughter Alison became a mathematician.

References

External links 

1891 births
1949 deaths
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
University Football Club players
People educated at Geelong College
Recipients of the Military Cross
People from Nathalia, Victoria
"Los Malaventurados No Lloran" (English: Unhappy Boys Don't Cry) is a song by the Mexican rock band Panda. It was released in March 2007 as the second single from the band's fourth album, Amantes Sunt Amentes. The song reached the MTV TRL in Latin America, known as Los 10+ Pedidos, where it peaked at number one. The lyrics deal with suicide, depression and the lost of a loved one.

Charts

References

Rock en Español songs
Panda (band) songs
Songs written by José Madero
Songs about suicide
Wolf Tracks is a 1920 American short silent Western film directed by Mack V. Wright and featuring Hoot Gibson.

Cast
 Hoot Gibson
 Thelma Percy
 Tom London credited as Leonard Clapham
 Jim Corey
 Charles Newton

See also
 Hoot Gibson filmography

External links
 

1920 films
1920 Western (genre) films
1920 short films
American silent short films
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Mack V. Wright
Silent American Western (genre) films
1920s American films
Palaindoor di Ancona is an indoor arena in Ancona, Italy. The arena holds 2,069 spectators. It is primarily used for indoor athletics. It is located in Palombare.

Events
Thirteen editions of the championships were held in this indoor arena, uninterruptedly Italian Athletics Indoor Championships from 2010 to 2020 with the exception of the editions 2008, 2009 and 2015 that was held in Padua.

See also
List of indoor arenas in Italy

References

External links
 Venue homepage

Indoor arenas in Italy
Indoor track and field venues
Sports venues completed in 2005
Weston (postcode: 2611) is a suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. At the , Weston had a population of 4,000 people.

Weston was named after a former homestead built in the area sometime around 1835. The Weston Creek grant was once held by Captain Edward Weston the Superintendent of the Hyde Park Barracks, Sydney. Streets in Weston are named after artists.

Suburb amenities

Weston Creek Centre
Weston contains the central shopping area of the Weston Creek district, which includes the Cooleman Court shopping centre. Other facilities in the Weston Creek centre include a post office, petrol station, restaurants, clubs, real estate agents and many other specialty shops.

Churches
St Peters (Anglican church)
 Baháʼí Faith
 Church of Christ (non-denominational)
 Presbyterian
 Uniting Church in Australia
 Sikh temple-Gurduara

Educational institutions
 Orana School 
 Canberra Institute of Technology
 Islamic School of Canberra

Australian Defence College 
The Australian Defence College's Centre for Defence and Strategic Studies (CDSS) and Australian Command and Staff College (ACSC) are both located at Weston Creek.

Geology

Deakin Volcanics green grey and purple rhyodacite mostly covers Weston. The Deakin Volcanics green grey, purple and cream rhyolite can be seen between Parkinson St and Namatjira Drive and forms a large outcrop in the park to the east of Cooleman Court. A band of pink and green rhyolitic instrusive porphyry runs across Weston from west to east. It is fault uplifted on the southern side. Deakin Volcanics red-purple and green-grey rhyodacite with spherulitic texture is along Hindmarsh Drive on the southern border of the suburb.

References

Suburbs of Canberra
From a Whisper is a Kenyan drama film written and directed by African Movie Academy Award winner Wanuri Kahiu. The film received 12 nominations and won 5 awards at the Africa Movie Academy Awards in 2009, including Best Picture, Best Original Soundtrack, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay and AMAA Achievement in Editing. The film also won the Best Feature Narrative award at the 2010 Pan African Film & Arts Festival, and was honored with the 2010 BAFTA/LA Festival Choice Prize. Although the film commemorates the 10th anniversary of the 7 August terrorist bombing in Kenya in 1998, it is not about the terrorist bombing. The movie portrays a realistic story of the aftermath of the bombing, by capturing the lives of the victims and their families who had to pick up the pieces of their lives shredded by the blast.

Synopsis 
From a Whisper is based on the real events surrounding the 7 August bomb attacks on the US Embassy in Nairobi in 1998. Abu is an intelligence officer who keeps to himself. When he meets Tamani, a young, rebellious artist in search of her mother, he decides to help. The discovery of her death churns up memories of Fareed, Abu's best friend who also lost his life in the attack. The discovery forces them to learn how to forgive, to believe in themselves, and confront what they fear the most – the truth.

Cast 
Ken Ambani
Abubakar Mwenda
Godfrey Odhiambo
Corine Onyango

Awards 
 Festival Internacional de Zanzíbar 2009
 Festival Internacional de Kenya 2009
 Africa Movie Academy Awards 2010

References

External links
 

Best Film Africa Movie Academy Award winners
2008 drama films
2008 films
Best Soundtrack Africa Movie Academy Award winners
Best Screenplay Africa Movie Academy Award winners
Best Editing Africa Movie Academy Award winners
Kenyan drama films
English-language Kenyan films
2000s English-language films
2008 directorial debut films
Stilpnopappus is a genus of Brazilian plants in the tribe Vernonieae within the family Asteraceae.

 Species

 formerly included
see Caatinganthus Xiphochaeta 
 Stilpnopappus aquaticus - Xiphochaeta aquatica
 Stilpnopappus aquaticus - Xiphochaeta aquatica 
 Stilpnopappus rubropappus - Caatinganthus rubropappus 
 Stilpnopappus viridis -  Xiphochaeta aquatica

References

Asteraceae genera
Flora of Brazil
Vernonieae
Pristimantis parectatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia where it is found on the eastern flank of the Cordillera Central in the Antioquia and Caldas Departments.
Its natural habitats are high-altitude ( asl) Andean cloud forests. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agricultural development.

References

parectatus
Endemic fauna of Colombia
Amphibians of Colombia
Amphibians of the Andes
Amphibians described in 1998
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Abies squamata is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae.
This fir is common in the Southeast of the Tibetan Plateau (China) in an altitude from 3200 m to tree-line in 4400 m. It is dominant on North-facing slopes and often grows with Balfour's spruce, Picea balfouriana. Government sector logging that was rampant until the logging ban in 1998 reduced fir stands significantly. Reforestation after the ban was dominated by spruce, since Abies squamata is susceptible to stem rot and thus shunned by the state forest bureaus (Ryavec & Winkler 2009). Undergrowth is most commonly dominated by members of the genus Rhododendron. Local Tibetans know this fir as "bollo", but that term is a general term for firs and spruces.

References 

 Ryavec, Karl & Winkler, Daniel 2009. Logging Impacts to Forests in Tibetan Areas of Southwest China. A Case Study from Ganze Prefecture Based on 1998 Landsat TM Imagery. In: Himalaya - Journal of the Association for Nepal & Himalayan Studies 2006, vol. 26.1: 38–45.  link: http://mushroaming.com/sites/default/files/Ryavec%20Winkler%203-2009.pdf

squamata
Trees of China
Flora of Sichuan
Flora of Tibet
Vulnerable flora of Asia
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
The 1928 season was the Chicago Bears' 9th in the National Football League. The team was unable to improve on their 9–3–2 record from 1927 and finished with a 7–5–1 record under head coach George Halas, earning them a fifth-place finish in the team standings, their worst record to date. The season had its high points, including two shutout wins over the crosstown rival Chicago Cardinals, a shutout win over the defending champion New York Giants, and convincing victories over Frankford, Dayton, and Pottsville. However, two losses each to Detroit and the Green Bay Packers made in 1928 a disappointment to the normally contending Bears. Chicago's problem was that the old guard was aging with Joey Sternaman, Paddy Driscoll, and George Halas, who also played, were now in their early 30s. There was not enough new talent was on the team to be competitive. Also, the Bears were now faced with an equal number of away games as at home, in the early 1920s almost all their games were at home as they drew much larger crowds than most other teams. The pace of playing 3 games in 8 days around Thanksgiving was at the time a standard practice.  The Thanksgiving game was not a substitute for the Sunday game but just an extra game which also hurt the veteran Bears down the stretch as in previous years. 
Joe Sternaman and William Senn starred on offense with 4 and 5 touchdowns each. Sternaman also shared kicking duties with Driscoll. The passing game became more important and the Bears scored 11 touchdowns on the air, versus 13 on the ground. This was a league-wide trend, foreshadowing the ascendancy of Don Hutson and Sammy Baugh of the 1930s.

Future Hall of Fame players
Paddy Driscoll, back
George Halas, end
Link Lyman, tackle
George Trafton, center

Other leading players
William Senn, back
Ed Sternaman, back
Joe Sternaman, quarterback
Laurie Walquist, quarterback

Players departed from 1927
Ed Healey, tackle (retired)

Schedule

Standings

References

Chicago Bears
Chicago Bears seasons
Chicago Bears
"A Mind of Its Own" is a song by British singer-songwriter Victoria Beckham. It was released on 11 February 2002 as the second single from her debut  self-titled solo album (2001). It peaked and debuted at number six on the UK Singles Chart and sold 56,570 becoming the 173rd best seller of 2002. Beckham also recorded a version of the song in French, "Mon cœur n'en fait qu'à sa tête".

Track listings
 UK CD and cassette single
 "A Mind of Its Own" – 3:48
 "Always Be My Baby" – 3:29
 "Feels So Good" – 3:47

 European CD single
 "A Mind of Its Own" – 3:48
 "Feels So Good" – 3:47

 UK DVD single
 "A Mind of Its Own" (video) – 3:48
 "Always Be My Baby" (audio plus photo gallery) – 3:29
 "Feels So Good" (audio plus photo gallery) – 3:47
 Victoria 'Behind the Scenes' at the video shoot 1 – 0:30
 Victoria 'Behind the Scenes' at the video shoot 2 – 0:30
 Victoria 'Behind the Scenes' at the video shoot 3 – 0:30
 Victoria 'Behind the Scenes' at the video shoot 4 – 0:30

Personnel
Personnel are adapted from the UK CD single liner notes.
 Victoria Beckham – writing
 Steve Kipner – writing, production
 Andrew Frampton – writing, production
 Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
 Paul "P-Dub" Walton – mix engineering

Charts

References

2001 songs
2002 singles
Songs written by Andrew Frampton (songwriter)
Songs written by Steve Kipner
Songs written by Victoria Beckham
Victoria Beckham songs
Virgin Records singles
Danilevsky, also Danilevski, Danilewsky (), feminine: Danilevskaya/Danilewskaya is a surname. It may refer to:

Alexander Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky (1789-1848), Russian Lieutenant General, senator, military writer, historian and author
Alexandre Danilevski, Russian-born French composer, lutenist, vielle player, 
Grigory Danilevsky (1829-1890), Russian historical novelist
Nikolay Danilevsky (1822-1885), Russian naturalist, historian, economist, and philosopher
Vasily Danilewsky (1852-1939), Ukrainian-born Russian physician, physiologist and parasitologist

Russian-language surnames
Campaign for Socialism (CfS) is an autonomous pressure group of Scottish Labour Party members and supporters who campaign for left-wing policies and candidates within the party. In 2016, CfS agreed to a joint membership scheme with Momentum, a UK-wide grassroots movement supportive of Jeremy Corbyn and his leadership of the Labour Party.

History 
CfS was originally established in 1994 to campaign against the removal of Clause IV from the Labour Party's constitution. By 2012, it was one of the only remaining ideological-based groupings in the party  but Gerry Hassan and Eric Shaw, writing that year, claimed that CfS "has few members, little organisational presence and has had a negligible influence on the direction of the party".

CfS played a key role in organising Neil Findlay and Katy Clark's leadership bid in the 2014 Scottish Labour leadership election. Though unsuccessful, CfS claims the campaign "built the foundations for Jeremy [Corbyn]'s campaign just a few months later" by "giving many new, young volunteers experience and a network of contacts across the country that would help quickly mobilise an effective campaign".

In 2016, Scottish Labour Young Socialists  founded in 2015  became CfS's official youth wing.

In 2017, five CfS members won seats on the Scottish Labour Party's national executive. They called for the then Scottish Labour leader, Kezia Dugdale, to pursue a socialist agenda and work more closely with Jeremy Corbyn's team.

CfS endorsed Richard Leonard to be the next leader of Scottish Labour following the resignation of Kezia Dugdale in August 2017. Leonard went on to win the leadership with 56.7% of the vote.

In the 2021 Scottish Labour leadership election the CfS endorsed Monica Lennon to be the next leader of Scottish Labour following Richard Leonard's resignation in January 2021. She lost the election to Anas Sarwar, gaining 42.4% of the vote to his 57.6%.

Notable members of CfS include: former Convenor Elaine Smith MSP, current Convenor Neil Findlay MSP, former MP Hugh Gaffney (2017–2019), and Pauline Bryan.

References

External links

1994 establishments in Scotland
Democratic socialism
Social democracy
Organisations associated with the Labour Party (UK)
Political party factions in Scotland
Scottish Labour
Socialist organisations in the United Kingdom