Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Giulia Tofana (also spelled Toffana, Tophana) (died in Rome, 1651) was an Italian professional poisoner. She sold a poison called Aqua Tofana (supposedly invented by Thofania d'Adamo, who may have been Giulia's mother) to women who wanted to murder their husbands.

Biography 

Information about Giulia Tofana's background is sparse. She was thought to have been born in Palermo. Speculation by historians that she may have taken the first name of her mother as her last name (a common practice at the time) led them to believe that she was the daughter of another Palermo poisoner, Thofania d'Adamo. Thofania d'Adamo was accused of poisoning with an arsenic concoction of her own invention, Aqua Tofana, and executed on 12 July 1633.

According to one version of events, Giulia Tofana fled to Rome and set up a poisoning ring that began to sell this poison to women who wanted to escape abusive or inconvenient spouses. There may have been 6 women in this poisoning ring active in the 1650s, including Girolama Spara, who took over after Giulia's death.

Tofana's involvement in all of this is not confirmed. The only recorded evidence of poisoning activities being the executions of Thofania d'Adamo in 1633, and Girolama Spara in 1659 (claimed to be the daughter of Giulia Tofana).

Death 
Historians point to Giulia Tofana dying in her sleep in 1651 with no one aware of her poisoning activities.

Confusion of her activities with other poisoners active in the area have led to tales that she died in 1659, or 1709, or 1730 with further elaboration that she took sanctuary in a convent, and continued to manufacture and distribute poison for many years until she was found out, executed, and her body thrown over the wall of the church that had provided her with sanctuary.

See also 
 Catherine Deshayes Monvoisin
 Giovanna Bonanno
 List of serial killers by country
 My Last Duchess, a poem by Robert Browning

References

 Stuart, David C.  Dangerous Garden.  Frances Lincoln ltd, 2004.
 The most reliable source for the story of Toffana is Vita di Alessandro VII by Cardinal Pallavicino

1651 deaths
17th-century Italian criminals
17th-century Italian businesswomen
17th-century Italian businesspeople
Italian female serial killers
Contract killers
Poisoners
Year of birth unknown
Businesspeople in manufacturing
Weapons trade
Isabel Clifton Cookson (25 December 1893 – 1 July 1973) was an Australian botanist who specialised in palaeobotany and palynology.

Early years and education 
Cookson was born at Hawthorn, Victoria, and attended the Methodist Ladies' College at Kew where she gained honours in anatomy, physiology and botany in the senior public examination. Cookson went on to study for her BSc at the University of Melbourne and graduated in 1916 with majors in botany and zoology.

Career 
When she completed her studies she became a demonstrator at the university, and between 1916 and 1917 received a government research scholarship and the MacBain research scholarship in biology, amongst other awards to study the flora of the Northern Territory. She contributed illustrations for the 1917 book The Flora of the Northern Territory by  Alfred J. Ewart and O. B. Davies.

She continued working at the University of Melbourne, until she visited the Imperial College of Science and Technology between 1925 and 1926, and, on a return visit in the University of Manchester between 1926 and 1927. At Manchester she began a long and productive academic relationship with W. H. Lang, Lang named the genus Cooksonia in her honour. From 1929 her research focussed on palaeobotany, she wrote several papers on fossil plants including early vascular plants from the Silurian and Early Devonian which helped to shape theories of early land-plant evolution. She also studied more recent coal forming deposits. Her work on the early terrestrial fossil plants of Victoria and field work showing associated graptolites and plants led to her research thesis and to a D.Sc. from the University of Melbourne in 1932.

In 1930 she was appointed lecturer in botany at the University of Melbourne. From the 1940s she worked on fossil spores, pollen and phytoplankton and their relationship with palaeogeography and championed the usefulness of plant microfossils for oil exploration. The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research established in 1949 a pollen research unit under her leadership. In 1952 she was appointed a research fellow in botany, and retired in 1959. She was active in her retirement, 30 of her 86 scientific papers were published after 1959.

Since 1976 the Botanical Society of America has awarded the Isabel Cookson Award to the best paper on palaeobotany presented at their annual meeting at the bequest of Cookson. Cookson Place in the Canberra suburb of Banks is also named in her honour.

In popular culture 

Henki, the 2021 album by British folk singer Richard Dawson and Finnish band Circle, features a song titled "Cooksonia", which lyrically details elements of Cookson's life and work.

See also
Yea Flora Fossil Site
Baragwanathia

References

1893 births
1973 deaths
20th-century Australian botanists
Australian paleontologists
Women paleontologists
Paleobotanists
20th-century Australian women scientists
Australian women botanists
People educated at Methodist Ladies' College, Melbourne
University of Melbourne women
People from Hawthorn, Victoria
Scientists from Melbourne
Lycius () was an ancient Greek sculptor active in the middle decades of the 5th century BCE. Ancient sources identify him as son of Myron of Eleutherae. He sculpted bronze horses and humans for a cavalry monument dedicated on the Acropolis of Athens. He also did architecture on the Athenian Acropolis (Inscriptiones Graecae I³, 2, no. 511, 446 BCE?).

References

5th-century BC Greek sculptors
Ancient Athenian sculptors
Steam Furnace is an unincorporated community in Adams County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

History
The community was named for the steam-powered blast furnace once located there.

References

Unincorporated communities in Adams County, Ohio
Unincorporated communities in Ohio
Rock and Roll Lullaby is the ninth studio album by American country artist Jessi Colter, released in 1984 by Triad Records, her first and only release for the label.

This release ended up being her last album of new material for 12 years - it was followed in 1996 by an album of children's songs - and her last album of new country recordings for 22 years.

Background
Colter's first album since 1981's Ridin' Shotgun, it was also her first album since her departure from Capitol Records. The release consisted of ten tracks, which included both new tracks and cover versions of other songs, including covers of The Davis Sisters's "I Forgot More Than You'll Ever Know," Lena Horne's "Stormy Weather," and Don Gibson's "I Can't Stop Loving You." The album spawned one single, "I Want to Be with You," which failed to chart the Hot Country Singles chart upon its release. In addition, Rock and Roll Lullaby did not chart among the Top Country Albums list.

The effort was reviewed by Allmusic and was only given two out of five stars.

Track listing
"Rock and Roll Lullaby"
"Wild and Blue"
"Stormy Weather"
"I Want to Be with You"
"I Forgot More Than You'll Ever Know"
"I'm Going by Daydream"
"Partners After All"
"Easy Street"
"I Can't Stop Loving You"
"Tiger"

References

1984 albums
Jessi Colter albums
Albums produced by Chips Moman
Sancak () is a town (belde) in Bingöl District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The town is populated by Kurds of the Bekiran, Reman and Şadiyan tribes and had a population of 2,412 in 2021.

The settlements of Akbudak (), Büyükbaşköy (), Çimenli (), Hoşkar, Karapınar, Küçükbaşköy (), Sarıgümüş () and Yeşilova () are attached to Sancak.

References

Town municipalities in Turkey
Populated places in Bingöl District
Kurdish settlements in Bingöl Province
En Vivo – Gira 2004–2005 is a documentary of the live concert and history by Chilean band Kudai, released by Warner Bros. Records. It was released on 13 December 2005 in Chile. The DVD includes all music videos from their debut album Vuelo, a documentary and a bonus CD containing previously unreleased material and the live concert of their tour.

Track listing
Disc 1 (Live)
 "En Concierto 
 "No Quiero Regresar" 
 "Que Aquí, Que Allá"
 "Vuelo"
 "Dulce y Violento"
 "Más"
 "Escapar" 
 "Acústico" (Acoustic)
 "Lejos De La Ciudad" 
 "Ya Nada Queda" (It's Over)
 "Quiero" 

Disc 2
 Making of "Sin Despertar"
 Video Clip "Sin Despertar"
 Making of "Ya nada queda"
 Video Clip "Ya nada queda"
 Making of "Escapar"
 Video Clip "Escapar"
 Extras
 Historia
 Remix "Ya Nada Queda"

Charts

Kudai video albums
2005 video albums
Live video albums
2005 live albums
The Clwydian Way () is a waymarked long-distance footpath in north-east Wales, mostly running through Denbighshire.

Distance
The waymarked circular walk runs for a total of . It was established by the North Wales area of the Rambler's Association to mark the Millennium.

The route
The route starts in Prestatyn on the North Wales coast and passes through Ruthin, Llangollen, Corwen, St. Asaph, Denbigh and Rhuddlan.

Places on the route
The route passes through or near the following places and landmarks:

References

External links
 
 The Ramblers Association info
 Photos of the Clwydian Way on geograph.org.uk

Recreational walks in Wales
Long-distance footpaths in Wales
Tourist attractions in Denbighshire
County-themed walking routes in the United Kingdom
Elbert J. "Al" Butler (July 9, 1938 – July 12, 2000) was an American basketball player who played four seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

Born in Birmingham, Alabama,  he played basketball for East High School in Rochester, New York, before playing collegiately for Niagara University. He was named to the 1961 National Invitation Tournament All-Star team by the Associated Press, despite Niagara losing its only game, 68–71 against Providence.

He was selected by the Boston Celtics in the second round (17th pick overall) of the 1961 NBA draft. He played for the Celtics (1961), New York Knicks (1962–64) and Baltimore Bullets (1964–65) in the NBA for a total of 234 games. He started for the Knicks for Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game, scoring 8 points.

Butler was the last player to ever wear the number 22 for the Celtics, as they would retire it in honor of Ed Macauley in 1963.

Butler died of cancer on July 12, 2000. After his death, a scholarship was established in his name at Monroe Community College, where he had worked as a guidance counselor.

References

External links

1938 births
2000 deaths
American men's basketball players
Baltimore Bullets (1963–1973) players
Boston Celtics draft picks
Boston Celtics players
Deaths from cancer in the United States
Harrisburg Patriots players
New York Knicks players
Niagara Purple Eagles men's basketball players
Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball)
Point guards
Basketball players from Rochester, New York
Gandhigram is a town in Tripura, India. located around 10 km from city centre Agartala. It comes under Sadar district. It has an old age home called Sandhyoneer.

Demographics
 India census, Gandhigram Census Town has population of 14,572 of which 7,928 are males while 6,644 are females.

Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 1575 which is 10.81% of total population of Gandhigram (CT). In Gandhigram Census Town, Female Sex Ratio is of 838 against state average of 960. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Gandhigram is around 882 compared to Tripura state average of 957. Literacy rate of Gandhigram city is 91.79% higher than state average of 87.22%. In Gandhigram, Male literacy is around 94.88% while female literacy rate is 88.08%.

Politics
This town comes under Bamutia Assembly Constituency and West Tripura Lok Sabha Constituency.

References

Cities and towns in West Tripura district
György Csóti (born November 24, 1940) is a Hungarian politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) from Budapest Regional List between 2011 and 2014. Formerly he was also a member of the National Assembly from 1990 to 1998 (1990-94: MDF National List; 1994-98: MP for Budapest I).

Csóti was a founding member of the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) between 1988 and 2004. He served as Deputy Parliamentary Group Leader from 1996 to 1998. He became Member of Parliament again via the Fidesz party's Budapest Regional List when Zsolt Láng won the by-election in the 2nd District of Budapest and became representative of its constituency. He is a former Deputy Chairman and member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs.

He also served as Hungarian Ambassador to Croatia from 1999 to 2003. Csóti worked for Echo TV as a broadcaster of the foreign policy program between 2005 and 2011. He functioned as the Foreign Policy Advisor for Hungarian President Pál Schmitt from September 1, 2010 to December 23, 2011.

References

1940 births
Living people
Hungarian Democratic Forum politicians
Fidesz politicians
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1990–1994)
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1994–1998)
Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (2010–2014)
Politicians from Budapest
Ambassadors of Hungary to Croatia
Ethmia stojanovitsi is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Andras Kun in 2002. It is found in Seram, Indonesia.

References

Moths described in 2002
stojanovitsi
The Montastruc decorated stone (Palart 518) is an example of Ice Age art, now in the British Museum. A human figure that appears to be female has been scratched or engraved to decorate a fragment of limestone used as a lamp. The piece was excavated from Courbet Cave, Penne, Tarn, Midi-Pyrénées, France, on the northern bank of the river Aveyron, a tributary of the Tarn. It is dated to around 11,000 BCE, locally the Late Magdalenian culture during the Upper Palaeolithic, towards the end of the last Ice Age.  It was excavated by Edouard Lartet and Henry Christy in 1863, and among other items bequeathed to Christie's  museum.

The dimensions of the object are: length , width , depth . It is not normally on display, but between 7 February and 26 May 2013 it was displayed in an exhibition at the British Museum, Ice Age Art: Arrival of the Modern Mind The Swimming Reindeer and Mammoth spear thrower were found at the same site.

The other side of the slab of limestone has a natural depression in which fat was burnt, likely for lighting the rock shelter. The engraving seems to have been made after the stone lamp broke, as the figure is neatly centered on the fragment. The headless figure is shown from the side, bending to the right, with the large rounded buttocks and thigh carefully drawn. The thin torso features a small sharp triangle that may indicate the breasts, or perhaps arms held out. The two lines defining the front and rear of the profile are continuous and "confidently drawn", though they converge at knee level. Extra lines below the waist may represent an apron or skirt.  Similar characteristics can be found in engraved figures from Neuwied in Germany.

See also
 Art of the Upper Paleolithic
 List of Stone Age art

Notes

References
 Blurton, R. T. 1997. The enduring image: treasures from the British Museum. London: The British Council.
 "British Museum" British Museum online collections "lamp"

Art of the Upper Paleolithic
Prehistoric objects in the British Museum
Engraving
Individual lamps
1863 archaeological discoveries
Ken Hung Cheuk Lap is a Hong Kong cantopop singer. He started his career after earning a second place in the EEG Singing Contest (aka 25th annual New Talent Singing Awards Hong Kong Regional Finals). During 2007, he went to help in the office for about 3–4 months cutting newspapers because his manager Mani Fok said he was too shy. Then he finally started recording songs, with his first song being "Love.gutless" (愛．無膽). His most notable song is "彌敦道" (Nathan Road) (2008).

During 2008, he suffered his first bout of hydrothorax, which stopped him from working for most of 2008 until the filming of Love is Elsewhere.  However, the problem returned late in 2008, his condition deteriorated and he was hospitalized.  He had to cease all work including the filming of the drama Prince & Princess 2 in Taiwan.  He was later released from the hospital.  He is now working on the promotion of the movie Happily Ever After.

Discography
2007 – Love. Gutless (愛．無膽) – 19 July
2007 – Love. Gutless 2nd version (愛．無膽) – 7 September
2008 – Go – 23 January
2008 – Next Attraction – 30 October – Informations from his official blog
2010 – Taste of Love + Best Selections – 29 March
2010 – Precious Moment  – 24 September
2011 – Penetration (透視) – 27 May
2012 – Grown Up – 21 March + Looking for a girl who knows me (找個懂我的女孩) – 6 July
2013 – All Around Us – 25 April

Movies
2008 – Love Is Elsewhere (愛情萬歲) 17 April
2008 – Connected (保持通話) 25 September
2009 – Happily Ever After (很想和你在一起) 27 August
2010 – The Jade and the Pearl
2010 – Perfect Wedding
2011 – Love Is the Only Answer
2012 – Nightfall
2012 – Fortune Cookies
2013 – 4 in Life
2014 – As the Light Goes Out
2016 – The Mobfathers

Series
2008 – Dressage To Win (盛裝舞步愛作戰) 14 June
2008 – Prince + Princess 2 (王子看見二公主) (Taiwan)
2010 – The Rippling Blossom (魚躍在花見)
2012 – Happy Marshal

Awards
2006 – EEG Singing Contest (second place) (Refer to New Talent Singing Awards)
2007 – Commercial Radio Hong Kong "Best New Male Singer" – Gold Award

References

External links
 
Ken Hung's Official Youtube
Ken Hung's Facebook

1987 births
Hong Kong male singers
Living people
New Talent Singing Awards contestants
Hong Kong idols
Chuck Hossfeld (born January 4, 1977) is an American race car driver and team owner. He is a former racer in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour, and NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour.

Hossfeld began racing at the age of twelve in kart racing at Lancaster Speedway. Five years later, he began racing stock cars at local short tracks and moved to North Carolina, working for former modified drivers Brett Bodine and Randy LaJoie. After making several starts in the USAR Hooters ProCup Series for LaJoie, he auditioned for the Roush Racing Gong Show and was hired to replace reigning champion Greg Biffle in the #50 Ford F-150. He made his Truck debut at the 2000 season finale at California Speedway in the #49 Roush Performance Products Ford for Roush, starting 14th and finishing 31st after suffering engine failure.

Hossfeld began his full-time rookie campaign in 2001 without major sponsorship before Eldon came on board, and Hossfeld had a tenth-place run at Pikes Peak International Raceway. Hossfeld was released from the ride a few weeks later, along with rookie teammate Nathan Haseleu, who won the Gong Show competition with Hossfeld.

In 2002, Hossfeld began racing in the Featherlite Modified Series in the #4 Dodge for Bob Garbarino. He finished third, second, and seventh, respectively, in the standings over the next three seasons, amassing a total of five wins. He moved to Don Barker's team in 2005, gaining five top-fives and finishing third in the points. He competed in the 40th Annual Stock Car Racing at New Smyrna Speedway, finishing third in the championship. He last raced in the #4 asphalt modified for Robert Garbarino in the 2016 Toyota Mod Classic 150 at Oswego Speedway, starting 14th and finishing 6th. In total, his Whelen Modified Tour statistics include 7 wins, 47 top 5s, 80 top 10s, and 9 poles in 140 starts. He also earned 3 top 5s and 5 top 10s in 9 starts in the NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour.

Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold - Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics - Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Craftsman Truck Series

Whelen Southern Modified Tour

References

External links
 Official Website
 

1977 births
Living people
NASCAR drivers
People from Porter, New York
Racing drivers from New York (state)
RFK Racing drivers
The women's 100 metres sprint event at the 1952 Olympic Games took place on July 21 and July 22.  The final was won by Australian Marjorie Jackson, who equalled the world record set in 1936 by Helen Stephens.

Results

First round
The first round was held on July 21. The first two runners of each heat qualified for the second round.

Heat 1

Heat 2

Heat 3

Heat 4

Heat 5

Heat 6

Heat 7

Heat 8

Heat 9

Heat 10

Heat 11

Heat 12

Quarterfinals
The first three runners from each heat qualified to the semifinals.

Quarterfinal 1

Quarterfinal 2

Quarterfinal 3

Quarterfinal 4

Semifinals
The first three runners from each heat qualified for the final. Fanny Blankers-Koen withdrew from the competition at this stage.

Semifinal 1

Semifinal 2

Final

References

Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics
100 metres at the Olympics
1952 in women's athletics
Women's events at the 1952 Summer Olympics
The ABC was an English car manufactured between 1920 and 1929 by ABC Motors.

It was a light car (305 kg), powered by a 1203 cc flat-twin, air-cooled engine designed by Granville Bradshaw (the man who was also responsible for the ABC Motorcycle). The engine however was difficult to start, loud, inefficiently lubricated, and prone to breakages, particularly the quite long, exposed push rods. Over time quality improved dramatically. Combined with the vehicle's light weight, the powerplant made the car quite fast for its size, capable of speeds approaching , and boasting quite good acceleration. ABC was originally part of the Harper Bean combine, and was based in Hersham, Surrey and Harper Bean supplied castings, stampings, and forgings utilized on the first ABCs.  The car was expensive; in 1920 it sold for £414 but came down to £265 for a four seater in 1923.

The "radiator" cap was actually the fuel tank filler, which led to problems when mechanics unfamiliar with air-cooled cars topped off the fuel tank with water.

In 1925 a more refined version came featuring stronger valve gear, a better system of lubrication, and enclosed pushrods. Front-wheel brakes became an option.

The company introduced a Super Sports model in 1925 with a 1320 cc engine. This was the only model offered for the last four years of ABC's production.

See also
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References

Jay Eyesertoff Jr, "ABC", in G.N. Georgano, ed., The Complete Encyclopedia of Motorcars 1885-1968  (New York: E.P. Dutton and Co., 1974), pp. 24.

Cars of England
Cars introduced in 1920
Zarrineh Rud Rural District () may refer to:
 Zarrineh Rud Rural District (West Azerbaijan Province)
 Zarrineh Rud Rural District (Khodabandeh County), Zanjan province

See also
Zarrineh Rud-e Jonubi Rural District
Zarrineh Rud-e Shomali Rural District
Mohd. Salim Uddin Tarafder (born 1 October 1968) is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and the incumbent Jatiya Sangsad member from the Naogaon-3 constituency.

Career
Tarafder was elected to Parliament from Naogaon-3 on 5 January 2014 as a Bangladesh Awami League candidate.

References

Living people
1968 births
Awami League politicians
10th Jatiya Sangsad members
11th Jatiya Sangsad members
Place of birth missing (living people)
People from Naogaon District
Politicians from Rajshahi Division