Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
A cruise line is a company that operates cruise ships that operate on ocean or rivers and which markets cruises to the public. Cruise lines are distinct from passenger lines which are primarily concerned with transportation of passengers. Though cruise packages provided by cruise lines vary, there are some features most have in common, such as accommodation, all meals and entertainment. They may include alcohol and shore excursions, sometimes on additional payment.

Among cruise lines, some are direct descendants of the traditional passenger lines, while others were founded since the 1960s specifically for cruising. The business has been extremely volatile; the ships are massive capital expenditures with very high operating costs, and a slight dip in bookings can easily put a company out of business. Cruise lines frequently sell, renovate, or simply rename their ships just to keep up with travel trends.

A wave of failures and consolidations in the 1990s has led to many companies being bought by much larger holding companies and to operate as "brands" within larger corporations. Brands exist partly because of repeat customer loyalty, and also to offer different levels of quality and service. For instance, Carnival Corporation & plc owns both Carnival Cruise Line, whose former image were vessels that had a reputation as "party ships" for younger travellers, but have become large, modern, yet still profitable, and Holland America Line, whose ships cultivate an image of classic elegance.

A common practice in the cruise industry in listing cruise ship transfers and orders is to list the smaller operating company, not the larger holding corporation, as the recipient cruise line of the sale, transfer, or new order. For example, Carnival Cruise Line and Holland America Line are the cruise lines whereas Carnival Corporation & plc and Royal Caribbean Group are considered holding corporations. This industry practice of using the brand, not the larger holding corporation, as the cruise line is also followed in the member cruise lines in Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) and the member-based reviews of cruise lines.

See also

 List of cruise lines
 List of cruise ships
 List of largest cruise ships
 Cruising (maritime)

References

External links
Pedro Miguel da Mota Roma (born 13 August 1970) is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Having played with Académica for over 15 years, he later worked with his main club as a goalkeepers' coach.

Football career
Born in Pombal, Leiria District, Roma came up through the youth ranks of Académica de Coimbra. He made his professional debut for the club in 1991, after a spell at Associação Naval 1º de Maio in the lower leagues.

After two successful seasons, Primeira Liga giants S.L. Benfica bought Roma. However, he failed to make a single appearance for the Lisbon side, and was subsequently loaned to fellow top division team Gil Vicente FC, where he played sparingly.

After 1993–94, Roma returned to Académica, where he stayed for another two seasons. After a disappointing second year he was loaned out to F.C. Famalicão but, upon coming back to Coimbra, he made a record 147 appearances in a row for the Students, and was first choice for six consecutive seasons; after a brief loan spell at S.C. Braga in 2002, where he made only three appearances, he returned and remained the starter for the subsequent campaigns.

In June 2009, after having only appeared in two games during the season, Roma retired aged almost 39, and immediately became Académica's goalkeeper's coach. In the following years, in the same capacity, he worked with the Portugal national team (women, under-17s).

External links

1970 births
Living people
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Associação Naval 1º de Maio players
Académica de Coimbra (football) players
S.L. Benfica footballers
Gil Vicente F.C. players
F.C. Famalicão players
S.C. Braga players
Portugal men's under-21 international footballers
Footballers from Leiria District
Kareda Nature Reserve is a nature reserve which is located in Järva County, Estonia.

The area of the nature reserve is 363 ha.

The protected area was founded in 2005 to protect valuable habitat types and threatened species in Kareda, Ämbra and Öötla village (all in former Kareda Parish), in Kahala village (former Koigi Parish) and Suurpalu village (Paide Parish).

References

Nature reserves in Estonia
Geography of Järva County
Järva Parish
Paide (urban municipality)
Beijing has a population of Koreans. According to 2006 estimates there about 170,000  Joseonjok (ethnic Koreans who are Chinese citizens) in Beijing and Tianjin combined.

History
Due to war and famine in Korea that occurred beginning in the 1860s, Koreans began settling in Beijing. The Japanese established Manchukuo in Manchuria in the 1930s and established labor migrations from southern Korea to Manchuria. Ultimately this caused Koreans to settle in Beijing. The Chinese Communist Party gave Chinese citizenship to Koreans who fought for the Communists during the Chinese Civil War.

Geography
As of 2010 many South Koreans moving to Beijing have settled in Wangjing in Chaoyang District. Most South Korean businesspeople and their families in Beijing live in Wangjing.

Prior to the 2000s the Wudaokou area of Haidian District was the most popular area for South Koreans. It was the oldest of the major Korean settlements. Beginning in the early 1990s South Korean students who were studying Chinese for one to two year periods so they could enter Chinese universities began congregating in Wudaokou. Hyejin Kim, author of International Ethnic Networks and Intra-Ethnic Conflict: Koreans in China, wrote that the growth of Wangjing had weakened Wudaokou as a Korean area.

The other two areas with a large concentration of Koreans are Yansha and Yayuncun. These areas have higher than average housing rental prices in Beijing and house offices of overseas companies and embassies. The Beijing government official allows foreigners to settle in those two areas.

In Wangjing and Wudaoukou there are restaurants, electronic repair shops, and information technology businesses which are owned by ethnic Koreans and cater to migrant Koreans and employees of South Korean companies.

Education

As Beijing's Korean population increased, the number of Korean-Chinese schools increased. In 1989 a Beijing municipal Korean school opened. In 1993 a private Korean Chinese school opened.

The Korean International School in Beijing (KISB) is located in Wangjing.

Culture and recreation
Several Korean cultural festivals are held in the city. The Beijing Korean Chinese Sports Event in 2008 attracted 100,000 Korean Chinese. Beijing has the Beijing Korean Cultural Research Center, which opened in 1996.

See also
 Demographics of Beijing
 Korean community of Shanghai
 Koreans in China
 Minzu University of China

References

Citations

Sources 

 Kim, Hyejin. International Ethnic Networks and Intra-Ethnic Conflict: Koreans in China. Palgrave Macmillan, May 15, 2010. ; .
 Kim, Hyejin. International Ethnic Networks and Intra-Ethnic Conflict: Koreans in China. Palgrave Macmillan, June 8, 2010. ; .

Koreans

Beijing
Korean diaspora in China
Kuo Tzu-Ching 郭子敬 (born April 29, 1981 in Taipei, Taiwan) is a professional Magic: The Gathering player. Kuo is considered to be one of the best players in the Asia Pacific Region.

Kuo debuted at Pro Tour New York in 2000. Throughout his career, he has made the Top eight of 11 Grand Prix events. Kuo's lifetime winnings amount to $76,225, and he has also accumulated 252 lifetime Professional Points, putting him within the Top 50 in the world, and first in Asia Pacific.

In 2012, he became the World Champion at the very first World Magic Cup, alongside teammates Cheng Tung-Yi, Ivas Yang Yu Min and Paul Renie. In addition, he has made the Top 8 of Nationals eight times, been crowned National Champion five times and has five National Team appearances.

Kuo's highest Pro Tour finish is 10th, achieved during Pro Tour Avacyn Restored in Barcelona in 2012, a season that saw him achieve Platinum status, making him the first player in the Asia Pacific region to do so. He was invited to play in the exclusive 16-man Magic Players Championship 2012 as the Asia Pacific representative. In 2015, Kuo founded Game Square in Taipei, Taiwan, and it has since grown into one of Taiwan's first WPN Premier Stores.

Accomplishments

References

Magic: The Gathering players
Living people
1981 births
Sportspeople from Taipei
Claudia Cazacu (born 1982) is a Romanian trance and tech house DJ, record producer and remixer.

She was born in Târgoviște, Romania. In 1998 she moved to London to study for a Finance and Banking degree.

Cazacu began DJing upon arriving in London. In 2007 she founded her own record label "Couture". Cazacu has worked with trance ikons such as Sied Van Riel, Fabio Stein and Alex Morph.

Discography

Singles 
2007:
 Couture
 Cowgirl
 Scared
2008:
 International Departures
 Elite
 Contrasts (with Sied van Riel)
 2012 EP
2009:
 Earproof
 Quatrain
 Freefalling (feat. Audrey Gallagher)
 Manequin / Size Zero
 Lekker / Nefertiti
 Glamour (vs. Vicky Devine)
2010:
 Valley of the Kings
 Quatrain 3 & 4
 Solar Flare
 Translucent
 Cafe Del Mar
 Rain
 Timelapse
 Quatrain 5
2011: 
 Maison
 Lights Off (with Sied van Riel)
2012:
 Labyrinth
 Quatrain 6
2013:
 Emerge

Remixography 
 The Space Brothers – "Everywhere I Go"
 Energy 52 - "Cafe Del Mar"

References

External links

1982 births
Living people
Club DJs
Women DJs
Romanian DJs
Romanian record producers
Remixers
Electronic dance music DJs
21st-century women musicians
Romanian women record producers
Olderfleet Castle is a four-storey towerhouse, the remains of which stand on Curran Point to the south of Larne Harbour in Larne, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The place name of Olderfleet may be a corruption of Ulfrecksfiord (or Ulfried's Fjord), the Viking name for Larne Lough.

Olderfleet Castle is a State Care Historic Monument in the townland of Curran and Drumaliss, in the former Larne Borough Council area, at grid ref: D4133 0166.

History
The original towerhouse was possibly built by the Scoto-Irish Bissett family of Glenarm around 1250, although these remains are actually thought to be those of Curran Castle, a towerhouse built in the sixteenth century. On a 1610 map it was called Coraine Castle.

In 1315 Edward Bruce landed here with his 6000 strong army en route to conquer Ireland, with a welcome from the Bissetts. Queen Elizabeth I considered the castle of such strategic importance that it was seized for the crown and Sir Moyses Hill appointed its governor in 1569. In 1597 the castle was claimed by the MacDonnells and in 1598 it was dismantled.

The present castle was probably built about 1612. In 1621 it was granted to Sir Arthur Chichester and remained in that family until leased to William Agnew in 1823. James Chaine purchased the lease in 1865. In 1938 it was taken into State Care.

Features
What remains of the four-storey towerhouse is part of the tower with pairs of gun loops in the basement. The square remains show that it only had 1 metre thick walls and it is without visible domestic features, which means that it could have been built as a fortified warehouse and watchtower.

See also 
Castles in Northern Ireland

References

Castles in County Antrim
Ruined castles in Northern Ireland
Larne
Clan Bissett
Buildings and structures in Larne
State Care Monuments of Northern Ireland
Tower houses in Northern Ireland
The spectral test is a statistical test for the quality of a class of pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs), the linear congruential generators (LCGs). LCGs have a property that when plotted in 2 or more dimensions, lines or hyperplanes will form, on which all possible outputs can be found. The spectral test compares the distance between these planes; the further apart they are, the worse the generator is. As this test is devised to study the lattice structures of LCGs, it can not be applied to other families of PRNGs. 

According to Donald Knuth, this is by far the most powerful test known, because it can fail LCGs which pass most statistical tests. The IBM subroutine RANDU LCG fails in this test for 3 dimensions and above.

References

Pseudorandom number generators
Deep Winter () is a 1985 Icelandic drama film directed by Þráinn Bertelsson. The film was selected as the Icelandic entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 58th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Cast
 Ragnheiður Arnardóttir as Elsa
 María Sigurðardóttir as Unnur
 Hallmar Sigurðsson as Magnús
 Eggert Þorleifsson as Einar
 Tómas Zoëga as Gísli
 Valur Gíslason as Stjórnarformaður
 Tómas Agnar Tómasson as Stjórnarmaður

See also
 List of submissions to the 58th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
 List of Icelandic submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

References

External links
 

1985 films
1985 drama films
1980s Icelandic-language films
Films directed by Þráinn Bertelsson
Icelandic drama films
Knigh (An Chnaoi in Irish)  is a townland and civil parish in the historical Barony of Ormond Lower  in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located between Nenagh and Puckaun.

Knigh is in the Dáil constituency of Offaly which incorporates 24 electoral divisions that were previously in the Tipperary North Dáil constituency.

References

Townlands of County Tipperary
Civil parishes of Ormond Lower
The cracking pearlymussel (Hemistena lata) is an endangered species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family Unionidae.

This species is native to the United States, where it remains only in Tennessee and Virginia. It was originally distributed in the Ohio River, Cumberland River and Tennessee River systems, but it has been extirpated from most of its previous range.

Parmalee and Bogan reported that there were still populations in the Clinch River in Tennessee. Other populations that are known to survive are located in the Powell and Elk Rivers.

Shell description
These mussels have thin, fairly weak, elongated shells. The shells may reach up to  in height The outer coloring of the shell varies from yellow to brown, while the interior of the shell is pale bluish white, with a purple beak cavity.

Ecology
This species spends its adult life buried under the sand or mud in the bottom of medium-sized, flowing rivers. The females capture sperm released into the water by males. They store the sperm until they need them to fertilize their eggs. After fertilization, the females release the larvae into the river where the larvae attach to fish. Once the larva mature into juveniles with shells, they leave their host fish and drop to the sediment where they bury themselves. This process, therefore, requires an environment with ample fish to act as hosts. They prefer relatively shallow (usually less than 2 ft deep) water with a moderate current.

Conservation
The main threats to the continued existence of this species are habitat changes due to damming of rivers, silting of rivers due to erosion caused by construction, farming and logging, and poisoning due to agricultural and industrial pollution. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has created a recovery plan for this species.

References

Unionidae
Bivalves described in 1820
Molluscs of North America
Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
ESA endangered species
Flanary Archeological Site is a historic archaeological site located near Dungannon in Scott County, Virginia, United States.  Located across the Clinch River from Dungannon, the site was inhabited as early as 6000 BC and remained in periodic use into the Woodland period, with occupation potentially continuing until c. AD 1600.  The terminus ad quem for occupation is 1750, when Thomas Walker's expedition passed through the area and found no Indian villages.  Excavations conducted in 1977 in preparation for the construction of a bridge revealed that the village site, featuring posthole patterns indicating a palisade surrounding the village, lay primarily south of the bridge in the vicinity of a 1764 log cabin.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

References

Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Scott County, Virginia
Kimmswick Historic District is a historic national historic district located at Kimmswick, Jefferson County, Missouri. The district encompasses 44 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 1 contributing structure in the central business district and surrounding residential sections of Kimmswick.  It developed between about 1859 and 1940 and includes representative examples of Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Notable buildings include the Barbagallo House (c. 1850), Bernard Klein House (c. 1865), Horninghauser House (c. 1865), Franz A Hermann / John O'Heim House and Brewery (c. 1859), Kimmswick Post Office (1914), Martin Meyer Building (c. 1880), The Old Market (c. 1877), Rauschenbach Building (1884), Phillip Meyer Building (c. 1875), Ambrose Ziegler House (c. 1925), and Kimmswick City Hall (c. 1903).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

References 

Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Bungalow architecture in Missouri
Buildings and structures in Jefferson County, Missouri
National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Missouri
Fiil may refer to:

Gerda Fiil (1927–1994), Danish resistance member
Gudrun Fiilil (1890–1972), Danish resistance member
Kirstine Fiil (1918–1983), Danish resistance member
Marius Fiil (1893–1944), Danish resistance member
Niels Fiil (1920–1944), Danish resistance member
The China Railways FD class of locomotives were 2-10-2 steam locomotives of the Russian FD locomotive type imported from Russia and regauged for use in China.

History
The FD class locomotives were imported from Russia from 1958 to provide main line freight motive power for the Chinese railways. Over 1000 units were acquired and remained in service until 1985.

When imported the class were designated YH (YouHao meaning 'friendship'), but after the breakdown of Sino-Soviet relations during the Cultural Revolution (see Sino–Soviet split) the class were renamed FX (FanXiu meaning 'anti-revisionist'). In 1971 the class were returned to the original designation 'FD' of soviet Russian origin (after Felix Dzerzhinsky).

Preservation
FD number 1227 is preserved at the Shenyang Railway Museum.
FD number 1653 is preserved at the Baotou West Locomotive Depot, Huhhot Railway Bureau.
FD number 1979 is preserved at the Beijing Railway Museum.

See also
Russian locomotive class FD

References

Steam locomotives of China
2-10-2 locomotives
Luhanskteplovoz locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of China

Freight locomotives
Hach may refer to:

 Acylcarnitine hydrolase, enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of acylcarnitine
 Hach (surname), or people with that surname
 Hach Company, American company
Bayerischer Plöckenstein () is a mountain of the Bavarian Forest () and Bohemian Forest, () on the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. It is not far from the Plöckenstein itself.

Mountains and hills of the Czech Republic
Mountains of Bavaria
Bohemian Forest
Mountains of the Bavarian Forest
Krasilnikov (, feminine form: Krasilnikova ), from Krasil'nik, dyer – one who paints the yarn and fabric, is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Dmitry Anatolyevich Krasilnikov (born 1979), Russian football player
 Dmitry Krasilnikov (manager), manager for FC Puuma Tallinn
 Evgeni Vitalyevich Krasilnikov (1965–2014), Russian former volleyball player
 Igor Krasilnikov (born 1952), composer for viola
 Ivan Nikolayevich Krasilnikov, ataman of a troop of Cossacks who arrested the Socialist-Revolutionary Directory leader and members in 1918 during the left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks
 Ksenia Krasilnikova (born 1991), Russian pair skater
 Nikolai Krasilnikov (architect), architect active with the OSA Group
 Nikolay Nikolayevich Krasilnikov (born 1927), Russian scientist and educator in the fields of image transmission, image compression and human visual system
 Nikolai Aleksandrovich Krasilnikov (1896–1973), Russian microbiologist and soil scientist
 Olga Krasilnikova, wartime crossdresser
 Viacheslav Borisovich Krasilnikov (born 1991), Russian beach volleyball player

Russian-language surnames
Cristina Beato is a doctor and public health professional. Notably, under George W. Bush's presidency, she oversaw the United States Public Health Service.

Early Life 
Beato was born in Cuba. As a child, she left Cuba on a Red Cross Humanitarian flight due to health issues. She was taken to Miami, where she was treated and inspired to go into medicine. Following that, her family moved to Panama, where Beato attended a French nun's school. When she was fourteen, Beato moved to New Mexico. Although she was offered several scholarships, Beato chose to go to the University of New Mexico for college to stay near her sick mother. She completed her bachelor's in biology, medical degree and residency at University of New Mexico Medical School. During her medical residency Beato instituted the first formal medical community outreach program for abused, neglected, and abandoned children at the All Faiths Receiving Home in Albuquerque.

Career 
After graduating, Beato worked at the New Mexico Youth Diagnostic and Development Center and as an emergency room physician at the Veterans' Administration Hospital and became the associate  dean for clinical affairs and medical director of the University of New Mexico. She was the first woman to serve in that position.

In 2003, President Bush named Beato the Assistant Secretary  US Public Health Service. Her nomination was followed by controversy based on questions surrounding her resume, which she claimed was due to a language barrier.

After leaving that position, Beato worked as deputy director of the Pan American Health Organization and senior advisor on international nutrition policy at the Food and Drug Administration. She now works with PwC on health related research.

Personal Life 
Beato has two children who she raised as a single mother.

References

 
American public health doctors
Cuban emigrants to the United States
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people