Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The Veiled Nun is a marble bust depicting a female figure that was sculpted by an unidentified Italian workshop in c. 1863. Despite its name, the woman depicted is not a nun. The bust was popular with visitors to the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. from 1874 until the museum closed in 2014. The bust is now displayed in the National Gallery of Art.

Description

The Veiled Nun is a  tall marble bust depicting a female figure wearing a veil. The fine details give the illusion that the veil is transparent. Although the title, The Veiled Nun, was already in use in 1874 when the work was first displayed in public, she is not a nun, but rather a woman of means or an allegorical figure. Neither the woman's stylish coiffure that is visible through the veil nor the embroidered border of the veil are consistent with a nun's appearance.

Sculptures depicting veiled figures were popular during the 19th century based on an Italian tradition that began in the 18th century. Notable examples include works by Antonio Corradini and Giuseppe Sanmartino in the Cappella Sansevero in Naples, and by the Florentine Innocenzo Spinazzi. In the 1850s, Raffaelle Monti of Milan crafted a Veiled Vestal, which may have influenced William Corcoran to name this bust The Veiled Nun.

Two other busts that appear to be derived from the same model are at the National Museum of Serbia and Laurier House in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Neither is signed.

History and attribution

The bust was purchased for $300 in 1863 by American banker and art collector William Wilson Corcoran during a visit to Rome. It was a part of his private collection until he gave it to his museum, the Corcoran Gallery of Art. It was displayed in the Octagon Room of what is now the Renwick Gallery during the January 1874 opening exhibition of the Corcoran Gallery along with Hiram Powers' The Greek Slave.

For the next six decades, The Veiled Nun was listed as a copy of a bust by an unknown artist. This attribution was changed to the Milanese sculptor Giuseppe Croff (1810-1869) in 1939, when a patron pointed out a similarity with an engraved illustration of a bust by Croff in a catalogue of the 1853 New York World’s Fair. The Croff attribution remained until 2012 when the curator staff looked at a copy of the catalogue and noted significant differences between the works (the actual bust attributed to Croft cannot be located). Further analysis by experts led to a new attribution of an unknown commercial workshop in Rome.

The bust was one of the most popular artworks throughout its time at the museum. Following the Corcoran's dissolution in 2014, The Veiled Nun and 17,000 other works of art were accessioned by the National Gallery of Art.

See also
 Vestal Virgin Tuccia, 1743 sculpture
 Modesty, 1752 sculpture
 Veiled Christ, 1753 sculpture
 Veiled Vestal 1847 sculpture
 The Veiled Virgin, mid-19th century sculpture
 Veiled Rebecca, 1863 sculpture

References

1863 sculptures
Busts in Washington, D.C.
Collections of the National Gallery of Art
Sculptures of women in Washington, D.C.
Veiled sculptures
The Social Democratic Party of Bosnia–Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Socijaldemokratska stranka Bosne i Hercegovine / Социјалдемократска странка Босне и Херцеговине) was a left-wing Marxist political party, active in the Austro-Hungarian Condominium of Bosnia–Herzegovina.

The party was active from 1909 until 1919 when it merged into the Socialist Workers' Party of Yugoslavia (of Communists), the predecessor of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). The party was led by Sreten Jakšić.

References

Sources

1909 establishments in Austria-Hungary
Political parties established in 1909
Political parties in Austria-Hungary
Social democratic parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mostafa Errebbah (born 1 August 1971 in Douar Krazza) is a Moroccan-born Italian long-distance runner who specialized in the 5000 metres.

Biography
He competed at the 2000 World Half Marathon Championships for Morocco. He then became an Italian citizen in January 2001, and finished fifteenth at the 2001 World Half Marathon Championships. He also competed at the 2001 World Half Marathon Championships with less success.
He's married with Daniela Melotti since 1998 and they have two children.

Doping ban
In November 2004 Errebbah tested positive for the anabolic steroid Stanozolol. He was subsequently banned from sport from 31 May 2005 to 30 May 2007.

Achievements

Personal bests
5000 metres - 13:59.4 min (2001)
10,000 metres - 28:49.37 min (2001)
Half marathon - 1:02:19 hrs (2000, 2001)
Marathon - 2:12:22 hrs (2002)

References

External links

1971 births
Living people
Italian male long-distance runners
Moroccan male long-distance runners
Moroccan emigrants to Italy
Doping cases in athletics
Italian sportspeople in doping cases
Naturalised citizens of Italy
People from Ksar el-Kebir
The Helvetic nappes () are a series of nappes in the Northern part of the Alps and part of the Helvetic zone. They consist of Mesozoic limestones, shales and marls that were originally deposited on the southern continental margin of the European continent. During the Alpine orogeny they were thrust north over a décollement and at the same time were internally deformed by folding and thrusting.

Tectonic location
The Helvetic nappes are thrust over the Infrahelvetic complex and the external massifs of the Alps (like the Aarmassif or Mont Blanc Massif). In Switzerland, Germany and Austria they are also thrust over the Molasse basin of the Alpine foreland. In turn, the Helvetic nappes were overthrust by the Penninic nappes from the south. In Switzerland these have been eroded away at most places but in Germany and Austria  they are still covering the Helvetic nappes. Due to this the Helvetic nappes only crop out as a thin band in those countries, which forms the Northern Limestone Alps.

Lithology
The Helvetic nappes consist of Mesozoic sedimentary rocks deposited on the former southern continental margin of the European plate. A narrow ocean, the Valais Ocean, existed south of Central Europe in the Mesozoic. This later developed into a convergent plate boundary where the European plate subducted beneath the Apulian plate. The sedimentary facies of the rocks from this age thus becomes deeper marine when the rocks were deposited further south. Therefore, the rocks of the Helvetic nappes have a shallower marine facies than the contemporary Bündner slates of the Penninic nappes; and a deeper facies than the rocks of the Infrahelvetic complex of Eastern Switzerland or contemporary sediments in the Jura Mountains north of the Alps.

See also
Geology of the Alps

Geology of the Alps
Idon is a town in central Nigeria.

Namesakes 

There are a number of other places with similar names.

Transport 

Idon is served by a nearby station on a cross-country branch line of the nation railway network.

See also 

 Railway stations in Nigeria

References 

Towns in Nigeria
Thomas William Fraser (26 June 1912 – 25 July 1995) was a South African cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Cambridge University and Orange Free State between 1936 and 1948. 

A slow left-arm orthodox spin bowler, Fraser's best figures were 8 for 71 for Orange Free State against Eastern Province in January 1940. His best figures in two seasons with Cambridge University, while he was studying at Pembroke College, were 5 for 51 against the touring New Zealanders in 1937.

References

External links
 

1912 births
1995 deaths
South African cricketers
Cambridge University cricketers
Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge
Free State cricketers
People from Natal
Free Foresters cricketers
South African expatriate sportspeople in England
Nuno Miguel Cândido Gonçalves, better known as Nuno Gonçalves, is a Portuguese musician, composer and pianist-keyboardist, founder and band member of the Portuguese band The Gift. Some of the band's biggest hits were created by him, including Music, Driving You Slow, Fácil de Entender, Primavera and Clássico.

Career 

Originally from Alcobaça, Nuno Gonçalves founded in 1994 the Alcobaça-based band The Gift which became a nationwide success with some international recognition. He also did the remix of Rodrigo Leão's A Casa which was released as a single and on the reissue of the album. He participated with Sónia Tavares (voice of The Gift) in several live performances of Rodrigo Leão's 2000 album Alma Mater, where they performed the theme A Casa, originally performed by Adriana Calcanhoto. He has produced works by Loto and Jel, among others. He did the soundtrack for the theatre play "Scum Show" by Inestética. He was also one of the founders of the disco club Clinic in Alcobaça. 

In 2009, he led the project Hoje, a Portuguese pop project created for the release of a record - the album Amália Hoje - with the reinterpretation of Amália Rodrigues' fados through a pop sound point of view. Nuno Gonçalves was responsible for the choice of the line-up, the arrangements and the musical direction of the group. In 2022, the Amália Hoje show was performed again in two concerts at Culturgest in Lisbon and in the Alcobaça Monastery square in Alcobaça. Nuno Gonçalves appears on the weekly RTP programme Trio D'Ataque where he talks about football and expresses his point of view as a lover of football and a supporter of Sporting Clube de Portugal.

Personal life 
Nuno Gonçalves lives in Madrid, Alcobaça and Porto, and has a daughter called Mia Alexandrina. He is a DJ outside of his band and his acclaimed activity as a musician and composer of The Gift. Throughout his life, there was a time when he played roller hockey, worked in porcelain factories, wrote for newspapers and established a now defunct online radio (Rádio Clinic) and a magazine called Verniz, as well as his disco club Clinic in his hometown Alcobaça. He took a course in journalism.

References 

Portuguese musicians
Portuguese composers
Portuguese songwriters
Portuguese DJs
Portuguese pianists
Keyboardists
Portuguese association football commentators
People from Alcobaça, Portugal
Kwinana Cogeneration Plant was a cogeneration facility located  south of Perth, Western Australia that operated from 1994 to 2022. It provided steam and electrical power to the BP Australia Kwinana Oil Refinery and electricity to Synergy, the State owned generator/retailer.

As a cogeneration plant, Kwinana supplied both steam and electrical power to its two customers. Steam production from the plant came predominantly from the waste heat from the gas turbine exhausts and was supported by burning refinery fuel gas from the BP Refinery using 'Duct Burners' inside the Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG). The steam produced drove a steam turbine, further enhancing the plant's efficiency, with BP's steam supply coming from the extraction port on the steam turbine after some pressure and temperature had been lost.

Kwinana produced 119MW of electricity, or approximately 6% of Western Australia's requirements. It was primarily fueled by natural gas from Western Australia's North West Shelf gas fields and delivered to the plant by the Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline. The plant was certified for its environmental practices (ISO 14001), quality assurance (ISO 9001) and health and safety (AS4801 & BS18001).

History
Edison Mission Energy commenced construction of the plant in 1994. It was commissioned and entered commercial operation in December 1996.

The final owners of the Kwinana plant were GDF SUEZ and Mitsui & Co., Ltd and RATCH-Australia. The partnership traded as the Perth Power Partnership, with GDF SUEZ Australian Energy and Mitsui & Co., Ltd owning 70 per cent and RATCH-Australia owning 30 per cent.

The plant ceased operation in 2021 and was deregistered from the Western Australian electricity market in March 2022

References

Energy infrastructure completed in 1996
Cogeneration power stations in Australia
Natural gas-fired power stations in Western Australia
Kwinana Beach, Western Australia
The 2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded jointly to the American economists Paul Milgrom (b. 1948) and Robert B. Wilson (b. 1937) "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats." According to the Nobel Committee, the recognition was given because "their theoretical discoveries have improved auctions in practice." Furthermore, Secretary Hansson said: 

Their joint key contributions to economics were the development of the simultaneous multiple round auctions (SMRA) and the reputation effects (game theory). Milgrom's personal contributions were on the no-trade theorem, market design, supermodular games, monotone comparative statics, Linkage principle, and deferred-acceptance auction, whereas Wilson's contributions were on the common value auction and the Wilson doctrine.

Laureates

Paul Milgrom

Paul Milgrom was born in Detroit, Michigan, April 20, 1948, the second of four sons to Jewish parents. Milgrom graduated from the University of Michigan in 1970 with an AB in mathematics. He worked as an actuary for several years in San Francisco at the Metropolitan Insurance Company and then at the Nelson and Warren consultancy in Columbus, Ohio. Milgrom became a Fellow of the Society of Actuaries in 1974. In 1975, Milgrom enrolled for graduate studies at Stanford University and earned an MS in statistics in 1978 and a PhD in business in 1979. He was the recipient of the 2008 Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics "for contributions dramatically expanding the understanding of the role of information and incentives in a variety of settings, including auctions, the theory of the firm, and oligopolistic markets"; the 2012 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award "for his seminal contributions to an unusually wide range of fields of economics including auctions, market design, contracts and incentives, industrial economics, economics of organizations, finance, and game theory"; the 2014 Golden Goose Award; and the 2018 John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science with Robert B Wilson and David M. Kreps.

Robert B. Wilson

Wilson was born on May 16, 1937, in Geneva, Nebraska. He graduated from Lincoln High School in Lincoln, Nebraska and earned a full scholarship to Harvard University. He received his A.B. from Harvard College in 1959. He then completed his M.B.A. in 1961 and his D.B.A. in 1963 from the Harvard Business School. He worked at the University of California, Los Angeles for a very brief time and then joined the faculty at Stanford University. He has been on the faculty of the Stanford Business School since 1964. He was also an affiliated faculty member of Harvard Law School from 1993 to 2001. He was the recipient of the 2014 Golden Goose Award for his work involving auction design; the 2015 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award "for his "pioneering contributions to the analysis of strategic interactions when economic agents have limited and different information about their environment"; and the 2018 John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science with David M. Kreps and Paul Milgrom.

References

2020
2020 awards
The Colonsay Group is an estimated 5,000 m thick sequence of mildly metamorphosed Neoproterozoic sedimentary rocks that outcrop on the islands of Colonsay, Islay and Oronsay and the surrounding seabed. They have been correlated with the Grampian Group, the oldest part of the Dalradian Supergroup.

Stratigraphy
The sequences on Islay and Colonsay/Oronsay are not identical and correlation between them is uncertain. Both sequences are divided up into a series of formations. The Islay sequence lies unconformably on gneisses of the Rhinns complex and is thought to be mostly older than the Colonsay/Oronsay sequence. A possible correlation has been made between sandstones of the Oronsay formation which form the base of the preserved sequence on Colonsay/Oronsay and those of the Smaull and Sanaig Greywacke formations towards the top of the Islay sequence. Within Colonsay, the following sequence is recognised (in stratigraphical order with topmost/youngest first):
 Staosnaig Phyllite Formation
 Kiloran Flags Formation
 Milbuie Arkose Formation
 Kilchattan Formation
 Machrins Arkose Formation
 Dun Gallain Grit Formation
 Oronsay Greywacke Formation

Age
The upper bound to the age of the sequence is given by the presence of detrital titanite grains that give an age of about 942 Ma and detrital zircon grains giving an age of about 1025 Ma, suggesting that the Colonsay Group is Neoproterozoic. The minimum age is given by dating of an intrusion that cuts the sequence at Kiloran Bay, which is dated to about 440 Ma (Early Silurian).

Correlation
The Colonsay Group has at various times been correlated with the Torridonian, the Moine Supergroup and the Appin Group and Grampian Group of the lower Dalradian Supergroup. Analysis of the provenance area for the Colonsay Group compared to these other sequences, suggests that the best match in terms of provenance is with the Grampian Group, the lowermost part of the Dalradian sequence. The relationship of the Colonsay Group to the Bowmore Sandstone Group, with which they are in tectonic contact across the Loch Gruinart fault, is uncertain, although both have been correlated with the Grampian Group.

References

Geology of Scotland
Islay
Colonsay
William Watling Peplow (1885 – after 1914) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham and in the Southern League for Bristol Rovers. He played as an outside right.

Peplow was born in Derby, and played for Redditch before he joined Birmingham in April 1907. He made his debut in the First Division on 16 September 1907 in a 1–0 defeat at Bury. Peplow played 17 games in his one season with Birmingham, but failed to score and seemed lacking in pace, though the quality of his crossing was good. He moved to the Southern League with Bristol Rovers in 1908, and improved so much that he was invited for a trial for the England team, but he was not selected. In seven seasons, before the First World War put an end to his career, Peplow scored 42 goals in 216 Southern League appearances.

References

1885 births
Year of death missing
Footballers from Derby
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Redditch United F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Bristol Rovers F.C. players
English Football League players
Southern Football League players
Date of birth missing
Place of death missing
is a Japanese actress. She made her film debut with Tora-san Goes Religious? in 1983.

Filmography

Film
 Tora-san Goes Religious? (1983)
 Final Take (1986)
 Chichi (1988)
 Kacho Shima Kosaku (1992)
 Unloved (2001)
 Casshern (2004)
 The Taste of Fish (2008)
 Rebirth (2011)
 Key of Life (2012)
 Orange (2015)
 Solomon's Perjury 2: Judgment (2015)
 Sun (2016)
 To Each His Own (2017)
 Shoplifters (2018)
 He Won't Kill, She Won't Die (2019)
 Come On, Kiss Me Again! (2020)
 Hiroshima Piano (2020)
 Love Mooning (2021)
 I'll Be Your Ears (2021)
 The Lone Ume Tree (2021)
 Whisper of the Heart (2022), Shizuku's mother
 Shylock's Children (2023)

Television
 Hissatsu Shigotonin V (1985)
 A.D. Boogie (1991)
 Imoto Yo (1994)
 Toki o Kakeru Shojo (1994)
 Hachidai Shogun Yoshimune (1995), Takehime
 Minikui Ahiru no Ko (1996)
 Sono Ki ni Naru Made (1996)
 Love Generation (1997)
 Perfect Love (1999)
 Yamato Nadeshiko (2000)
 Quiz (2000)
 Mona Lisa no Hohoemi (2000)
 Aoi (2000), Lady Okaji
 Handoku (2001)
 2001 no Otoko Un (2001)
 Hero (2001)
 Shomuni 3 (2002)
 Salaryman Kintaro 3 (2002)
 Marusa!! (2003)
 Diamond Girl (2003)
 Kimi ga Omoide ni Naru Mae ni (2004)
 Wonderful Life (2004)
 Hikari to Tomo ni (2004)
 Suna no Utsuwa (2004)
 Keishicho Kanshiki Han 2004 (2004)
 Risou no Seikatsu (2005)
 Sokoku (2005)
 Yonimo Kimyona Monogatari Nekama na Otoko (2005)
 Kegareta Shita (2005)
 Yoshitsune (2005)
 Boku no Aruku Michi (2006)
 59 Banme no Proposal (2006)
 Attention Please (2006)
 Jikou Keisatsu (2006)
 Hanochi (2007)
 Swan no Baka (2007)
 Hanazakari no Kimitachi e (2007)
 Natsu Kumo Agare (2007)
 Byouin no Chikara (2007)
 Warui Yatsura (2007)
 General Rouge no Gaisen (2010)
 Chichi, Nobunaga (2017)
 Aibou (2020–present) Mari Koide

References

External links
 
 
 
 Article on Jdorama

Japanese actresses
1966 births
Living people
People from Hino, Tokyo
Harlow v Becker was an important case in the South African law of succession.

Harlow's mother executed a will leaving her estate to Harlow (her daughter), her grandchildren, and her great-grandchildren. Two days before Harlow's mother died, she revoked the will and bequeathed her entire estate to her doctor. Harlow alleged that her mother did not have the capacity to execute this second will. On the evidence, medical and otherwise, the court held that Harlow's mother was so enfeebled that she could not form rational thoughts. Accordingly, the second will was held to be invalid, and the first was to be the last will and testament of the deceased.

See also 
 South African law of succession

References 
 Harlow v Becker 1998 (4) SA 639 (D).

Law of succession in South Africa
South African case law
1998 in South African case law
Caroline Hammer (1832–1915) was one of the earliest professional women photographers in Denmark. She established a business as a portrait photographer on the Frisian island of Föhr where she had her own studio. Hammer was the first woman to become a member of the Dansk Fotografisk Forening in 1881.

Biography
Born on 28 October 1832 in Hulerød near Hornbæk in northern Zealand, Caroline Hammer was the daughter of the district commissioner and naval hero Frederik Abel Hammer (1791–1877) and Elisabeth Kirstine Lemvigh (1794–1849). She was the second-last child in a family of nine. After the death of her mother in 1849, the family moved to Wyk on the Frisian island of Föhr where her brother, Otto, had settled.

They lived in the Villa Idyle which Otto had built for his father and the three sisters who joined him. It was here that Caroline Hammer opened her photographic studio, with customers from the fashionable resort Wyk had become popular since Christian VIII visited the island in 1842.

Little is known about how Hammer became interested in photography or who taught her the art but her first works date to the 1860s. They were outdoor photographs of people on the beach and around the island, often including the fishing boats and the fishermen. Among the works which have been preserved are portraits of her family and several landscapes from the early 1870s. Her portraits of children are particularly memorable. It is assumed she continued to practice until she moved back to Zealand in the 1880s. In 1881, she became the first female member of the Dansk Fotografisk Forening, the Danish photographers' association.

In 1891, Hammer had a house built for her sisters and herself in Fredensborg. No longer a professional, she continued to take photographs of her house and garden.

Caroline Hammer died in Fredensborg on 12 January 1915.

References

Further reading

 

1832 births
1915 deaths
19th-century Danish photographers
20th-century Danish photographers
Danish photographers
Danish women photographers
People from Helsingør Municipality
People from Wyk auf Föhr
People from Fredensborg Municipality
19th-century women photographers
20th-century women photographers
Macy's, can refer to:
Macy's, Inc., formerly Federated Department Stores, Inc., parent company of Macy's (department store) and Bloomingdales
Macy's (department store), also known as R.H. Macy & Co.
Macy's West

See also
Macy (surname)