Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
A water dog is a type of gundog bred to flush and retrieve game from water.  Water dogs are considered the progenitors of most modern retriever dog breeds.

Description

Water dogs are usually medium-sized, active dogs; their most distinctive feature are their tight waterproof coats and their strong desire to swim.  Traditionally many long haired water dogs breeds have their coats clipped with a bare midriff and hindquarters to assist in swimming by reducing drag, whilst retaining a long coat around their torso to prevent thermal shock when jumping into freezing water.  This classic clip is seen to this day in dog shows with some breeds such as Poodles retaining a variation of this clip.

History
Water dogs are an ancient type of dog, used by ancient mariners to retrieve objects lost overboard as well as to pass messages between boats, they were known to the Romans who called them "lion dogs" after the distinctive clipping of their coats.  Water dogs continued to be seen aboard ships until modern times. They were known to be prevalent in the Spanish Armada and could still be seen through to the 20th century aboard fishing vessels, particularly in the waters around Spain and Portugal.

In addition to their roles as ships' dogs, in Medieval Europe water dogs were used quite widely by hunters to retrieve ducks from water that had been shot with a bow and arrows, as well as the arrows and bolts that had missed their mark.

With the invention of modern firearms the need for dogs to retrieve arrows disappeared and many of the European water dogs breeds became predominantly ornamental, such as the poodle, whilst others adapted into modern gundogs, like the Wetterhoun.  It is believed that water dogs were used, along with other types, in the breeding of most modern retriever breeds.

List of breeds
This is a list of dog breeds usually considered water dogs.

* Often considered a pure retriever† Extinct breed‡ Often considered a versatile gundog

References

 

Dog types
Hunting dogs
van Deventer may refer to:

People
van Deventer is a surname of Dutch origin. It is sometimes written as Van Deventer, Vandeventer or VanDeventer. Notable people with the name include:

 Algernon Foster van Deventer (1862–1931), American politician
 Andre van Deventer (born 1930), South African Army officer and politician
 Anelle van Deventer (born 1993), South African field hockey player
 Conrad Theodor van Deventer (1857–1915), Dutch lawyer, author, and politician
 Denise van Deventer (born 1990), Dutch international cricketer
 Emmy van Deventer (1915–1998), Dutch ceramist
 Gesie van Deventer (born 1958), South African politician, farmer and advocate
 Jacob van Deventer (cartographer) (c. 1500–1575), Dutch cartographer of the Renaissance
 Jacob van Deventer (general) (1874–1922), South African military commander
 Jayvin Van Deventer (born 2004), American soccer player 
 John H. Van Deventer (1881–1956), American engineering writer
 Juan van Deventer (born 1983), South African Olympic distance runner
 Just van Deventer (1906–1957), Dutch ceramist
 Kobus Van Deventer, South African rugby player
 Oskar van Deventer (born 1965), Dutch puzzlemaker

Animals
 VanDeventer's rock gecko, (Cnemaspis vandeventeri), a species of gecko endemic to central Thailand, named after biologist Ryan J. VanDeventer

Other uses
 Vandeventer, St. Louis, a neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri
 Vandeventer Flat, a flat in Riverside County, California

See also
Van Devanter

Afrikaans-language surnames
Dutch-language surnames
Surnames of Dutch origin
Bullocks Coaches is a bus and coach operator in Cheadle, Greater Manchester.

History

The company was founded in 1928 by Ralph Bullock, initially as a haulage firm, with milk deliveries being the early focus. On weekends, the trucks turned into cloth-top charabancs for trips to the seaside. By the mid-1930s, the fleet included trucks and proper coaches, but the trucks were nationalised under the Transport Act 1947 by the Clement Attlee government, leaving only the coaches. Ralph was fond of Foden coaches and the majority of the fleet throughout the 1940s to 1960s were Fodens, of which two still survive to this day. The oldest, dating from 1949, is still roadworthy and is currently on loan to the Museum of Transport in Manchester.

The firm remained small with around 20 vehicles, until 1986, when deregulation of the bus market allowed Bullocks to diversify. The fleet grew to around 75-80 vehicles in total with Bullocks acquiring many bus routes, and introducing new ones, including route 42 from Stockport to Manchester via Wilmslow Road. Over the years, the number of services declined having been lost to other operators. By 2008, it was operating seven routes and several school services, all except one of the commercial routes were sold off, most to Stagecoach Manchester and a couple to Arriva North West.

In August 2008, Stagecoach Manchester purchased all of the commercial bus operations of Bullocks except route 147. Bullocks continue to operate several school bus services, as well as coaches.

In October 2013, Bullocks purchased the Finglands Coachways coach charter business from East Yorkshire Motor Services.

Services
Until 2018, Bullocks Coaches operated one route, the 147 Oxford Road Link that linked Manchester Piccadilly station with Manchester's main hospitals on Oxford Road. However, in September 2018, the contract for this route passed to Stagecoach, who now operate the route under their Magic Bus brand.

At the present time, the only regular bus routes operated by Bullock's are school services.

Fleet
As well as coaches, Bullocks formerly operated four Wright Eclipse Gemini 2 bodied Volvo B5Ls on route 147, In 2018 these passed to Lothian Buses in exchange for several Scania Omnicities, which will be used on school services.

As at September 2013, the fleet consisted of 39 buses and coaches.

See also
List of bus operators of the United Kingdom

References

Further reading
Buses magazine, January 1993: Bullocks of Cheadle, Howard J. Piltz
Bus & Coach Preservation magazine, February 2003: Fabulous Foden, Bullock's survivors, Stephen Morris & Philip Lamb
The Foden News, c. 1953: Mr R. Bullock of Cheadle.

External links

Bullocks Coaches website
Oxford Road Link website

Coach operators in England
Bus operators in Greater Manchester
Companies based in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport
Transport companies established in 1928
1928 establishments in England
Świedziebnia () is a village in Brodnica County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Świedziebnia. It lies  south-east of Brodnica and  east of Toruń.

History
Świedziebnia was a private village of Polish nobility, including the Murzynowski family, administratively located in the Dobrzyń Land in the Inowrocław Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. By 1564, there was a Catholic church and parish in the village.

During the Partitions of Poland, it was annexed by Prussia, and then in 1807 it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Polish Duchy of Warsaw. Following the duchy's dissolution in 1815, the village fell to the Russian Partition of Poland. In 1827, Świedziebnia had a population of 228. During the Polish November Uprising, on October 2, 1831, the main insurgent command was moved to Świedziebnia. The next day, the Polish War Council decided there that further fighting was pointless, and that the surviving insurgents would cross the nearby border with the Prussian Partition and thus flee the Russian Partition. Józef Niemojewski, Polish general of the Kościuszko Uprising and Napoleonic Wars, is buried in the village. Following World War I, Poland regained independence and control of the village.

Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the village was occupied by Germany. Local teachers were among Polish teachers from the county deceitfully gathered at a supposed formal meeting and massacred by the Germans in Rypin in November 1939 (see Intelligenzaktion). In 1941, the German gendarmerie, Einsatzkompanie Thorn and Einsatzkompanie Gotenhafen carried out expulsions of Poles, whose houses and farms were then handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy. Expelled Poles were placed in the Potulice concentration camp and then either enslaved as forced labour of new German colonists in the county or deported to the General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland.

Sports
The local football club is LZS Świedziebnia. It competes in the lower leagues.

References

Villages in Brodnica County
Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)
Rainy Taxi (1938), also known as Mannequin Rotting in a Taxi-Cab, is a three-dimensional artwork created by Salvador Dalí, consisting of an actual automobile with two mannequin occupants.   

A male chauffeur with a shark head is in the front seat, and a female sits in the back seat. A system of pipes causes "rainfall" within the taxi. The female wears an evening dress, her hair is tousled, and lettuce and chicory grow around her. Live snails crawl across her body. 

The piece was first displayed in 1938 at the Galerie Beaux-Arts in Paris of the Exposition Internationale du Surréalisme, organised by André Breton and Paul Éluard. The main hall of the Exposition was designed by Marcel Duchamp and Wolfgang Paalen, who was responsible for the supervision of the water installations. 

A reconstruction of the original installation is installed in the open courtyard of the Dalí Theatre and Museum in Figueres, Catalonia, Spain.

See also
List of works by Salvador Dalí
Surrealism
Mae West Lips Sofa
Lobster Telephone

References

External links
Salvador Dali’s The Rainy Taxi (image)

Surrealist works
1938 sculptures
Works by Salvador Dalí
Sculptures in France
Collection of the Dalí Theatre and Museum
An inquest is a judicial investigation or inquiry.

Inquest may also refer to:

 Inquest (charity), a UK charity concerned with deaths in custody
 Inquest (play), a 1931 play written by Michael Barringer
 Inquest (1931 British film), based on the play
 Inquest (1939 film), based on the play
 Inquest (1931 German film), a German film directed by Robert Siodmak
The Inquest a short story by Stanislaw Lem, see Inquest of Pilot Pirx

See also
 Da Vinci's Inquest, a long-running Canadian drama
 InQuest Gamer, a discontinued monthly magazine for game reviews and news
A mukhtar (; ) is a village chief in the Levant: "an old institution that goes back to the time of the Ottoman rule". According to Amir S. Cheshin, Bill Hutman and Avi Melamed, the mukhtar "for centuries were the central figures". They "were not restricted to Muslim communities" where even non-Arab "Christian and Jewish communities in the Arab world also had mukhtars."

Quoting Tore Björgo: "The mukhtar was, among other things, responsible for collecting taxes and ensuring that law and order was prevailing in his village".

See also
 Kodjabashi

References

External links 
 

Arabic words and phrases
Ottoman Empire
Margaret McCarthy ( – death date unknown) was an Irish migrant to the United States.

On September 22, 1850, she wrote a letter to her family, as a guide for other emigrants. She explained that once in the United States, moving west was very expensive, though she did not know that those who did go rarely had an improved standard of living.

Her letter is typical of that of many immigrants, containing optimism about her own condition, and concern for the family and people she left behind.

Biography

She was born to Alexander "Sandy" McCarthy, a carpenter for the Crown Estate who lived in Boherboy, Ireland, and his wife, Neil.

McCarthy travelled from Kingwilliamstown in County Cork to Nohavaldaly, near Kanturk, during the Great Famine. She left from Liverpool, England, on September 7, 1849, on the Columbus, and arrived in New York City, United States, on October 22 of that year.

References

Letters (message)
1850 documents
English-language works
Works by Irish people
Works about immigration to the United States
The Kings of Umaill were rulers of Umaill, a kingdom or territory located in the west of what is now County Mayo, Ireland. 

Its earliest rulers were the semi-historical Tuath mhac nUmhoir. The Umaill, its early historical rulers, were renamed the Uí Briúin Umaill to claim a fictitious relationship with the Uí Briúin. By the 12th century the ruling family adopted the surname Ó Máille, and were reckoned with the Ó Dubhda, Ó Flaithbheartaigh and Mac Conraoi as supreme seafaring clans of Connacht.

Kings of Umaill

 Flannabhra, died 773
 Dunghal mac Flaithniadh, died 776
 Aedhghal, died 779
 Flathghal mac Flannbhrath, died 782
 Cosgrach mac Flannbhrath, died 812
 Cairbre mac Cinaedh, died 847
 Gilla na nInghen Ua Cobhthaigh, died 1004
 Domhnall Ua Máille, died 1176
 Domnall Ruadh Ó Máille, died 11 November 1337
 Owen Ó Máille, died 1362
 Diarmuid mac Owen Ó Máille, died 1362
 Donell Ó Máille, 1401 (Donnell O'Malley, Lord of Umallia, died, after having attained to a good old age.)
 Aodh Ó Máille, died 1415
 Diarmaid Ó Máille, fl. 1415
 Tadhg mac Diarmaid Ó Máille, died 1467
 Eoghan, d. 1513
 Cormac mac Eoghan Ó Máille, died 1523 (1523. O'Maille, i.e. Cormac, son of Eoghan O'Maille, general supporter of the hospitality and nobility of the west of Connacht, mortuus est. Domhnall, son of Thomas O'Maille, assumed his place.)
 Domhnall mac Tomás Ó Máille, fl. 1523
 Eoghan Dubhdara Ó Máille, fl. 1530
 Grace O'Malley, c.1530–c.1603

See also
 O'Malley baronets

External links

http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/connacht.htm#mua

References

 The History of Mayo, p.303, Hubert T. Knox, 1908.
 
 
 
 
 Revised edition of McCarthy's synchronisms at Trinity College Dublin.

States and territories established in the 4th century
History of County Mayo
Lists of Irish monarchs
The following lists events that happened during 1951 in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg.

Incumbents

Events

January – March
 20 March – The United States is given right to use the land of the Luxembourg American Cemetery and Memorial at Hamm in perpetuity.
 Early February - Luxembourg troops arrive in South Korea as, alongside Belgian units, they form a platoon of Belgian United Nations Command during the Korean War.

April – June
 18 April – Luxembourg is one of six founder signatories of the Treaty of Paris, which establishes the European Coal and Steel Community.
 25 April – Prince Jean is appointed to the Council of State, replacing Prince Felix.
 29 May – Societe Electrique de l'Our is founded.
 3 June – Elections are held to the Chamber of Deputies in the Centre and Nord constituencies.  The Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP) gains 4 seats, taking it to nineteen seats, just behind the Christian Social People's Party (CSV).

July – September
 3 July – After the LSAP's gains in the election on 3 June, the CSV replaces its coalition partner, the Democratic Party, with Victor Bodson as Deputy Prime Minister in the new government.
 17 August – Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland, Carl Johan Bernadotte, and Prince Lennart, Duke of Småland are created Counts Bernadotte af Wisborg.
 29 August – A law is passed making health insurance mandatory for employees and civil servants.
 September - First contingent of Luxembourg soldiers return from the Korean War.

October – December
 9–13 October - 6 Luxembourg soldiers fight at the Battle of Haktang-ni during the Korean War.
 4 November – The Luxembourg national football team beats Finland 3-0: its last international victory for ten years.
 26 November – Charles Léon Hammes is appointed to the Council of State.

Births
 24 February – Monique Melsen, singer
 27 April – Viviane Reding, politician
 26 May – Michel, 14th Prince of Ligne
 3 August – Lucien Weiler, politician
 20 September – Jhemp Hoscheit, writer
 30 December – Paul Dahm, composer

Deaths
 13 July – Nik Welter, writer and politician

Footnotes

References
Cityfight may refer to:

Cityfight: Modern Combat in the Urban Environment, a 1979 board game
Codex Battlezone: Cityfight, a Warhammer 40,000 supplement

See also
Urban warfare
Siladium is a trademark for a stainless steel alloy used in jewelry, particularly in high school and college class rings.

The trademark was registered in 1973 to John Roberts, Inc., maker of the Artcarved brand of class rings. John Roberts, Inc., and the Siladium trademark were subsequently acquired by CJC Holdings, Inc, then by Commemorative Brands, Inc

References

Steel alloys
Jewellery making
Penybont (also sometimes spelled Pen-y-Bont) is a small village in Radnorshire, Powys, Wales. The population of the community at the 2011 census was 428.
The community includes the settlement of Llandegley.

Amenities 

The village is served by Pen-y-Bont railway station on the Heart of Wales Line.

It has an eighteenth-century coaching inn called the Severn Arms. The village also has a restored shop/museum/gallery called Thomas's Shop where there is a wool and weaving exhibition and workshop. The village hall hosts many activities and Penybont Football Club plays its matches on the race course ground. Horse racing takes place here each August. Penybont market was formerly a major centre for sheep and cattle sales.

References

External links 
Photos of Penybont and surrounding area on geograph.org.uk
Midway Plants - Midway Nurseries Website

Villages in Powys
William Mackie FRSE DPH LLD  (1856-1932) was a Scottish physician and public health specialist, remembered for his contributions to geology.

Geology

1904 Dr Mackie proposed a basic theory for plate tectonics in a lecture to the Elgin Institute [1].

Life
He was born in Durno in rural Aberdeenshire on 28 April 1856. He was educated at the parish school in Garioch then Old Aberdeen Grammar School.

He studied Medicine at Aberdeen University graduating MB ChB in 1888. He spent most of his life in the Elgin area, first as a GP and then as Medical Officer of Health.

From 1910 to 1913 he did extensive studies of the Rhynie area in Aberdeenshire and was the first person to discover plant-bearing cherts.

In 1918 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were John Horne, Ben Peach, Sir John Smith Flett and Robert Kidston.  Aberdeen University awarded him an honorary doctorate (LLD) for his contributions to Geology in 1923. He was President of the Edinburgh Geological Society from 1925 to 1927. He resigned from the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1932.

He died in Glasgow on 15 July 1932.

References

[1] The origin of oceans and continents : lecture

1856 births
1932 deaths
People from Aberdeenshire
Scottish geologists
19th-century Scottish medical doctors
20th-century Scottish medical doctors
Alumni of the University of Aberdeen
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
José María Fernández-Ladreda y Menéndez-Valdés (14 March 1885 – 20 September 1954) was a Spanish general who served as Minister of Public Works of Spain between 1945 and 1951, during the Francoist dictatorship.

References

1885 births
1954 deaths
Public works ministers of Spain
Government ministers during the Francoist dictatorship
Anemonastrum villosissimum (, ) is a species of plant in the genus Anemonastrum, native to the Kuril Islands, Aleutian Islands, and, to a lesser extent, southern Kamchatka.

Description 
Anemonastrum villosissimum reaches a height of around 5 to 6 inches. Both its stems and its pedate leaves are villose, and it produces flowering stems which end in terminal clusters of 6-petaled, white flowers about 3/4 of an inch wide. The plant blooms mostly around June-July.

Range 
Anemonastrum villosissimum is native to the Kuril Islands, Aleutian Islands, and the southern Kamchatka Peninsula.

Habitat 
Anemonastrum villosissimum grows in open areas such as hillsides and fields in full sun, where it does not have to compete for sunlight.

Etymology 
The specific epithet "villosissimum" refers to the plant's villose leaves and stems.

References 

villosissimum
Mary Carroll Craig Bradford (August 10, 1856 – January 15, 1938) of Colorado was the first female delegate at the 1908 Democratic National Convention. She later became the Colorado State Superintendent of Public Instruction.

Early life and education
Mary Carroll Craig was born on August 10, 1856, in Brooklyn, New York, daughter of Anna Turk Carroll and James Barnes Craig. She was educated at the Packer Collegiate Institute in Brooklyn, with supplemental private instruction.

Career
Bradford began teaching as a young married woman in Leadville, Colorado. She also taught in Colorado Springs and in Denver before moving into administrative positions, as superintendent in Adams County in 1902, and in Denver in 1908.  She was elected to the Colorado state superintendency in 1913, and served six terms in that office, until 1927.

Bradford was active in the movement for women's suffrage in Colorado, as president of the Colorado Springs Equal Suffrage Association in 1893.  After suffrage was won, she helped organize the Colorado Women's Democratic Club, and ran for State Superintendent of Education in 1894 (she lost to another woman, Anjanette J. Peavey).

Bradford was a charter member of the Denver Women's Club and president of the Colorado Federation of Women's Clubs. She was also president of the National Education Association.

Personal life
She married Edward Taylor Bradford in 1876, and the pair had four children.  She was widowed in 1901, and died in 1938, age 71.

References

1856 births
1938 deaths
American suffragists
American educators
Miconia albicans is a species of shrub in the family Melastomataceae. It is known as canela-de-velho in Brazilian Portuguese. It is native to North and South America.

References

albicans
Flora of Peru
Flora of Mexico
Flora of Belize
Flora of Panama
Flora of Nicaragua
Flora of Brazil
Flora of Bolivia
Flora of Jamaica
Flora of Cuba
Flora of Paraguay
Flora of Colombia
Flora of Costa Rica
Flora of Ecuador
Flora of French Guiana
Flora of Guatemala
Flora of Guyana
Flora of Honduras
Flora of El Salvador
Flora of Venezuela
Flora of Suriname