Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Carlo Bononi (1569? - 1632) was an Italian painter.

From an 1876 book:

Giulio Cromer, Carlo Bononi a pupil of Bastaruolo, and Alfonso Rivarola or Chenda, were the last artists of any eminence in Ferrara.

Biography

Born and active mainly in Emilia and Ferrara, and considered to be mainly a painter of the School of Ferrara. He studied painting under Giuseppe Mazzuoli, known as il Bastarolo. He knew Guercino and was eulogized by Guido Reni as having a "bounty of a most honest life, a great knowledge of design, and strength in colorizing". Bononi rose to prominence in Ferrara when the painter Scarsellino died, and the former called to Rome. He was initially buried in Santa Maria in Vado, for which he had helped decorate the ceiling with various canvases.

Among his pupils were Alfonso Rivarola (il Chenda), Giovanni Battista dalla Torre, and Camillo Berlinghieri. His nephew, Leonello Bononi was also a painter.

An important exhibition has been held at Palazzo dei Diamanti in Ferrara in Autumn 2017.

Selected works 
 Second of four chapels, (Basilica della Ghiara, Reggio Emilia)
St Louis of Toulouse Praying for the end of the Plague (Kunsthistoriches Museum, Vienna)
Madonna of Loreto appearing to Saints John the Evangelist, Bartholemew, and James the Great,
Guardian Angel (late 1620s, National picture gallery at Palazzo dei Diamanti, Ferrara) 
Ste Barbara
Saint Dominic in Soriano, .
Saint Sebastian and the Angel , late 1620s, Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg

References

Sources 
Fondazione Manodori website.

External links 

 Census of Ferrarese Paintings and Drawings 

1569 births
1630s deaths
Painters from Ferrara
16th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
17th-century Italian painters
Renaissance painters
In France and in other countries like Portugal, Spain, Belgium or Switzerland, a Biological pharmacist (called Pharmacien biologiste in France) is a Pharmacist specialized in Clinical Biology a speciality similar to Clinical Pathology.
They have almost the same rights as  Medical Doctors specialized in this discipline. They both are called a "Clinical biologist"".

These Pharm.D. follow a "post-graduate" formation in hospital's medical laboratories.

In France, this specialization called "Internat de Biologie médicale" is a residency and lasts fours years after the five undergraduate years common to all pharmacists.

External links
 Reglementation for French Residency in Clinical Pathology (Biologie médicale)
 Curriculum Content of French Resident formation in Clinical Pathology, First Level and Second Level

See also
 Pathology
 Medical laboratory
 Anatomic pathology
 Medical technologist
 Veterinary pathology
 Clinical Biologist

Pathology
Kathryn Sellers (December 25, 1870 – February 23, 1939) was the first woman to be appointed a federal judge in the United States. She was nominated to the head of the Juvenile Court of the District of Columbia by President Woodrow Wilson in 1918.

Biography
Sellers was born on December 25, 1870, in Broadway, Ohio. She worked as a bibliographer and librarian, and was employed by the weather bureau in Washington, D.C., and by the U.S. Department of State from 1900 to 1911. During this time Sellers became a member of the Women's Bar Association of the District of Columbia. 

In 1918, Wilson nominated her to be head of the Juvenile Court of the District of Columbia. She was confirmed later that year, making her the first woman appointed to the federal bench. Sellers served as a judge until she resigned on February 17, 1934. 

She died on February 23, 1939, at her home in Washington, D.C., and is buried in Oakdale Cemetery in Marysville, Ohio.

See also
List of first women lawyers and judges in the United States

References

External links
 

1870 births
1939 deaths
People from Union County, Ohio
American women judges
Australian athletes have increasingly been painted by street artists since 2000. This artwork is often in prominent locations and celebrates athlete achievements, sporting competitions and events and societal issues. The artworks are often commissioned by sports organisations or sponsors.

Street art is often not permanent and many of the artworks in this list many no longer exist at the location specified.

References

Street art in Australia
Sports culture in Australia
Lists of public art in Australia
Sports in art
Sadikhanr Diar is a village in the Jalangi CD block in the Domkal subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India.

Geography

Location
Sadikhanr Diar is located at .

Villages at Sadikhanderah gram panchayat are: Arazi Sadipur, Bara Bil Raghunathpur, Bilaspur Nachharerpara, Damas Bil, Harishankarpur, Paranpur, Paschim, Mehedipara, Sahebrampur, Raghunathpur, Sadikhar Diar and Sadipur.

Area overview
While the Lalbag subdivision is spread across both the natural physiographic regions of the district, Rarh and Bagri, the Domkal subdivision occupies the north-eastern corner of Bagri. In the map alongside, the Ganges/ Padma River flows along the northern portion. The border with Bangladesh can be seen in the north and the east. Murshidabad district shares with Bangladesh a porous international border which is notoriously crime prone (partly shown in this map).The Ganges has a tendency to change course frequently, causing severe erosion, mostly along the southern bank. The city of Murshidabad, a centre of major tourist attraction, is located in this area. In 1717, when Murshid Quli Khan became Subahdar, he made Murshidabad the capital of Subah Bangla (then Bengal, Bihar and Odisha). The entire area is overwhelmingly rural with over 90% of the population living in the rural areas.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivisions. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Sadikhanr Diar had a total population of 4,531, of which 2,284 (50%) were males and 2,247 (50%) were females. Population in the age range 0-6 years was 521. The total number of literate persons in Sadikhanr Diar was 2,922 (72.87% of the population over 6 years).

Transport
State Highway 11, running from Mahammad Bazar (in Birbhum district) to Ranaghat (in Nadia district) passes through Sadikhanr Diar. This section is locally popular as Berhampore-Jalangi Road.

Education
Murshidabad Minority B.Ed College situated at Sadikhanr Diar. It is affiliated to the University of Kalyani, offers a course in B Ed.

Healthcare
Sadikhanr Diar Rural Hospital at Sadikhanr Diar functions with 30 beds.

References

Villages in Murshidabad district
For Freedom's Sake: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer is a non-fiction book by Chana Kai Lee, published in 1999 by University of Illinois Press.

Publishers Weekly stated that the work's main focus was aspects of the Civil Rights Movement in the beginning stages and Hamer's development of her activism, instead of being a general biography of Hamer.

Evelyn Hu-DeHart stated that the book puts emphasis on her conflicts with people of higher socioeconomic classes, which made Hamer focus on issues relating to the necessity of gaining financial freedom as opposed to political freedom, as well as on Hamer's political alliance with white left-leaning feminists and the ideological conflicts with said feminists.

Reception
Hu-Dehart argued that the author should have sought to have used a new definition of feminism instead of using "conventional, white, liberal feminist definitions".

Linda Reed of the University of Houston argued that since the book did not fully explain certain contradictions and did not develop some portions enough, the book therefore "cannot be labeled "the definitive biography," as the book's dust jacket claims."

Selika Ducksworth Lawton praised the "extensive research" and stated that the work "is an excellent analysis of Hamer's life and work." Lawton argued that since Lee  had not had extensive experience with life in the rural United States, that Lee misinterpreted some of Hamer's biography.

References
  - View at ProQuest - Includes a review of this book
  - Also available at Gale Academic Onefile.

Notes

Further reading
 
 
 
 
  - Includes a review of this book

External links
 For Freedom's Sake - University of Illinois Press
 
1999 books
University of Illinois Press books
Books about Mississippi
Julián Nazar Morales (born 26 April 1955) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party, a current and four-time federal deputy representing the tenth district of Chiapas.

Life
Nazar studied to become a primary school teacher, which he was between 1976 and 1980 at the Instituto Tuxtla in Tuxtla Gutiérrez. However, from 1980 on, he got into politics, organizing within the  (CNC) in northern Chiapas and coordinating PRI electoral campaigns in Chiapas in the early 1980s. Between 1992 and 1997, he was the Secretary of Productive Organizations and Development of the CNC in Chiapas; in 1994, he also became a PRI councilor, adjunct state secretary-general, and a deputy secretary for the CNC.

Legislative career
Nazar first served in the Chamber of Deputies in the LVII Legislature, which met from 1997 to 2000. He sat on the Agriculture, Ranching and Administration and Complaints Committees. While he left several of his PRI and CNC posts upon election, he became the PRI's deputy secretary of National Social Action between 1998 and 2000, and in 1999 and 2000 he was the CNC's secretary-general in Chiapas. He followed his first term in San Lázaro with two years in the LXI Legislature of the Congress of Chiapas, where he headed the PRI faction in the chamber.

Voters returned Nazar to San Lázaro in 2003 for the LIX Legislature. He sat on three commissions: Agriculture and Ranching, Environment and Natural Resources, and Special for Coffee. His two years in Tuxtla and  the second term in the federal Congress coincided with a five-year term as president of the CNC in Chiapas, followed by four years as its Secretary of Organizations.

As an alternate deputy, Nazar also served in the LXI Legislature, backing up Ana María Rojas Ruiz. However, Rojas Ruiz let Nazar serve most of her term, and as a result, Nazar served almost exclusively in special commissions for the LXI Legislature, presiding over the Special Commission on Ranching and serving on others dealing with southern border matters, the Grijalva-Usumacinta River Valley, and Microregion Development. Nazar's decision to cede her seat was slammed by opposition parties as taking advantage of gender quotas to get women elected and then let men fill the positions. Nazar left this position in early 2012 to take a post as the Chiapas state coordinator for the PRI presidential campaign.

Between July 2013 and 2015, Nazar served in the Chiapas state cabinet as Countryside Secretary. His tenure in this position was criticized for alleged embezzlement of 200 million pesos.

In 2015, voters in the tenth district of Chiapas centered on Villaflores, yet again sent Nazar to the Chamber of Deputies for his fourth term. He presides over the Coffee Commission and serves on three others: Agriculture and Irrigation Systems, Rural Development, and Ranching.

References

1955 births
Living people
Politicians from Chiapas
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Chiapas
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
20th-century Mexican politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
Members of the Congress of Chiapas
Nimbia occlusa is a form of Ediacaran fossil shaped like a circular or oval disk, with a thick rim around the margin.  Within the rim the fossil is usually flat, but may have a central nipple or dimple.  These fossils were generally believed to be those of cnidarians, but they have since been reinterpreted as structures made by microbial colonies (Grazhdankin, see Ediacaran biota for references and discussion).  They can reach up to 6 cm in diameter, with a centimeter-thick rim.  Some fossils are distorted.

Nimbia occurs in numerous locations across a large range of time, which lends weight to theories that the fossil does not represent a single animal species.  It occurs in the Twitya Formation in the Mackenzie Mountains in Canada dated at 610 million years ago, near the end of the Marinoan glaciation, and in  rocks in Kazakhstan.  Aspidella also appears in these areas.  Morania and Beltina carbonaceous film fossils in the Twitya Formation are not considered to be animals.  Nimbia-like fossils have also been found in the Cambrian period.

See also
List of Ediacaran genera

References

External links
 Nimbia occlusa data sheet
 Locations of Ediacaran fossils, references

Ediacaran life
Cambrian life
Cryogenian life
Incertae sedis
Fossils of Norway
William Hewett may refer to:

Sir William Hewett (Lord Mayor)  (c.1505–1567), Lord Mayor of London
William Hewett (died 1840), Royal Navy officer and surveyor of the North Sea
Sir William Hewett (1834–1888), Royal Navy officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross

See also
William Hewitt (disambiguation)
William Hewlett (disambiguation)
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Iota1 Scorpii}}

Iota1 Scorpii, Latinized from ι1 Scorpii, is a star in the southern constellation of Scorpius. With an apparent visual magnitude of 3.03, this star can be seen with the naked eye. It is sometimes called by the proper name Apollyon. Parallax measurements place it at a distance of roughly  from Earth, with a 9% margin of error.

This star has a stellar classification of F2 Ia, with the 'Ia' luminosity class indicating this is a supergiant more luminous than typical supergiants. It has about 12 times the Sun's mass and is radiating about  35,070 times the Sun's luminosity. The radius is uncertain, with estimates ranging from 125 to 400 times that of the Sun. The effective temperature of the outer envelope is about 7,000 K, which gives it a yellow-white hue typical of an F-type star.

Iota1 Scorpii has a 10th magnitude companion at an angular separation of 37.5 arcseconds, which, at the distance of this star, gives it a projected separation of 20,000 Astronomical Units (AU). As the relative separation of the two stars along the line of sight to the Earth is not known, however, this distance represents only a minimum value for their separation.

References

Scorpii, Iota1
Scorpius
F-type supergiants
Durchmusterung objects
161471
6615
087073
Choi Yeon-sung, also known as iloveoov, is a retired professional Korean StarCraft player, and formerly a coach for the Afreeca Freecs' League of Legends team. As a Terran player he was known for his excellent macromanagement, leading to his nickname "Cheater Terran". However he is better known as "Monster Terran" (Gweh_Mool Terran) because of his ability to produce a massive number of units. 
The 'oov' in his nickname is believed to be the ASCII emotion icon of a face and two fingers forming letter 'V' which stands for victory.

Career
He sees Lim Yo-Hwan, who was on the same team as him, as an older brother or mentor. Lim scouted Choi through a match in battlenet after losing to Choi's Terran, Zerg and Protoss. Choi beat Lim 3:2 in 2004 during the Ongamenet Ever Starleague finals.

He announced his retirement as a pro-gamer as a result of a wrist injury, to become a coach for his team. Since then, Choi returned to the active roster as a "player coach".

In 2016 SK Telecom T1 disbanded their Starcraft 2 roster and Choi became head coach for the Afreeca Freecs League of Legends team. He led the team to a quarterfinals berth at the 2018 League of Legends World Championship but was ultimately defeated 3-0 by Cloud9 and eliminated.

In subsequent seasons he failed to replicate his success, failing to qualify for the World Championship in 2019 and also failing to make playoffs in the 2020 Spring Split. In November 2020, Choi parted ways with Afreeca Freecs.

Personal life
In April 2008, Choi announced his engagement to his girlfriend. Choi and his fiancée had been together for six years, even when he was training to become a professional gamer.

Tournament results
TriGem MSL Champion – September – November 2003
HanaFOS MSL Champion – January – March 2004
Gillette OnGameNet Starleague 3rd place – April – July 2004
Spris MSL Champion – May – August 2004
Ever OSL Champion – August – November 2004
UZOO MSL 4th place – June – August 2005
So1 OSL 3rd place – August – November 2005
CKCG China-Korea Cyber Games Champion – October 2005
CYON MSL 3rd place – October – January 2006
Shinhan OSL Champion  – December 2005 – March 2006
World Cyber Games 2006 Champion – October 2006
Second player to win 3 MSLs, along with NaDa.
2018 League of Legends World Championship 5-8th Place - October 2018

Streaks
His streaks versus Zerg are particularly notable.

Record: 79 wins – 37 losses (68.10%)

Best Streak: 27 wins    Worst Streak: 4 losses    Current Streak: 1 win

Overall Record
All:  	228–143  	(61.46%)
vT: 	82–62 	(56.94%)
vZ: 	79–37 	(68.10%)
vP: 	67–44 	(60.36%)

See also
StarCraft professional competition

References

External links
 
 gg.net: Player profile & game record and last played games

South Korean esports players
StarCraft players
1983 births
Living people
T1 (esports) players
StarCraft coaches
Jeonju Choe clan
In cryptography, an S-box (substitution-box) is a basic component of symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution. In block ciphers, they are typically used to obscure the relationship between the key and the ciphertext, thus ensuring Shannon's property of confusion. Mathematically, an S-box is a nonlinear vectorial Boolean function.

In general, an S-box takes some number of input bits, m, and transforms them into some number of output bits, n, where n is not necessarily equal to m.  An m×n S-box can be implemented as a lookup table with 2m words of n bits each. Fixed tables are normally used, as in the Data Encryption Standard (DES), but in some ciphers the tables are generated dynamically from the key (e.g. the Blowfish and the Twofish encryption algorithms).

Example 
One good example of a fixed table is the S-box from DES (S5), mapping 6-bit input into a 4-bit output:

Given a 6-bit input, the 4-bit output is found by selecting the row using the outer two bits (the first and last bits), and the column using the inner four bits. For example, an input "011011" has outer bits "01" and inner bits "1101"; the corresponding output would be "1001".

Analysis and properties 
When DES was first published in 1977, the design criteria of its S-boxes were kept secret to avoid compromising the technique of differential cryptanalysis (which was not yet publicly known). As a result, research in what made good S-boxes was sparse at the time. Rather, the eight S-boxes of DES were the subject of intense study for many years out of a concern that a backdoor (a vulnerability known only to its designers) might have been planted in the cipher. As the S-boxes are the only nonlinear part of the cipher, compromising those would compromise the entire cipher.

The S-box design criteria were eventually published (in ) after the public rediscovery of differential cryptanalysis, showing that they had been carefully tuned to increase resistance against this specific attack such that it was no better than brute force. Biham and Shamir found that even small modifications to an S-box could significantly weaken DES.

Any S-box where any linear combination of output bits is produced by a bent function of the input bits is termed a perfect S-box.

S-boxes can be analyzed using linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis in the form of a Linear approximation table (LAT) or Walsh transform and Difference Distribution Table (DDT) or autocorrelation table and spectrum. Its strength may be summarized by the nonlinearity (bent, almost bent) and differential uniformity (perfectly nonlinear, almost perfectly nonlinear).

See also
 Bijection, injection and surjection
 Boolean function
 Nothing-up-my-sleeve number
 Permutation box (P-box)
 Permutation cipher
 Rijndael S-box
 Substitution cipher

References

Further reading

Sources

External links 
 A literature survey on S-box design
 John Savard's "Questions of S-box Design"
 "Substitution Box Design based on Gaussian Distribution"

 
Cryptographic algorithms
The 3rd Parachute Division was an elite military unit of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe that was active during World War II. Its formation began in October 1943 in France near Reims. From February 1944 near Brest. In March 1944 division was reinforced by soldiers from the 3rd Battalion of the 1st Parachute Regiment.

Operational history 
The 3rd Parachute Division was an airborne division which fought during World War II. It was formed during 1943–44 around a cadre consisting of the veteran 3rd Battalion, 1st Parachute Regiment. The Division was well equipped with 930 MG42s. Each company had 20 MG 42s and 43 sub machine guns while a squad had 2 MG42s and 5 sub machine guns.

It arrived in Normandy on 10 June, by truck after a night drive from Brittany. It was at full strength and consisted of young German volunteers, and numbered 15,976 soldiers and officers. Its level of training and excellent weapon systems prompted the commander of the US 29th Infantry Division to remark, "Those Germans are the best damned soldiers I ever saw. They're smart and they don't know what 'fear' means. They come in and they keep coming until they get their job done or you kill 'em."

The division went into combat in June 1944 in Normandy and inflicted heavy losses on the Allied forces opposing them. Nominally, the unit was to be motorised, but by June it still had no more than 40% of its authorised motor transport, even after seizing vehicles from French civilians. This was to have an impact when trying to move the division towards the invasion front.

In August it was near virtually destroyed by mass aerial bombing in the area of Falaise. Formed again in Belgium from replacements from 22nd, 51st, 53rd Luftwaffe Field Regiments. During September 1944 it fought as a part of Kampfgruppe "Becker" in Arnhem area before participating in the Battle of Hürtgen Forest. It surrendered in April 1945 to American troops in Ruhr.

Commanding officers
 Generalmajor Walter Barenthin, 13 September 1943 – 14 February 1944
 Generalleutnant Dipl.Ing. Richard Schimpf, 17 February 1944 – 20 August 1944
 General der Fallschirmtruppe Eugen Meindl (acting), 20 August 1944 – 22 August 1944
 Generalmajor Walter Wadehn, 22 August 1944 – 5 January 1945
 Generalleutnant Dipl.Ing. Richard Schimpf, 6 January 1945 – 1 March 1945
 Oberst Helmut von Hoffmann, 1 March 1945 – 8 March 1945
 Oberst Karl-Heinz Becker, 8 March 1945 – 8 April 1945
 Oberst Hummel, 8 April 1945 – 16 April 1945

Organization in June 1944 
Commander: General Major Schimpf
HQ Staff
 3rd Mortar Battalion
 3rd Anti-Tank Battalion
 3rd Artillery Battalion
 3rd Engineer Battalion
 3rd Signal Battalion
 5th Fallschirmjäger Regiment
 8th Fallschirmjäger Regiment
 9th Fallschirmjäger Regiment
 Supply troops

References

Further reading

 Hans Wijers: Battle of the Bulge, Vol. 3: The 3rd Fallschirmjager Division in Action, December 1944 – January 1945. Stackpole 2014, .

Fallschirmjäger divisions
Military units and formations established in 1943
Military units and formations disestablished in 1945