Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
A knitting pattern is a set of written instructions on how to construct items using knitting.

Forms
There are two basic forms of knitting patterns:
 Text patterns which use numerals and words (and usually abbreviations), and
 Chart patterns which use symbols in a chart.

Some patterns include the entire instructions in both forms, as some knitters prefer one or the other.

Some patterns mix the forms to take advantage of the best of each. For example, a pattern's start and end may be described in text and a repeated design as a chart.

Each knitting pattern typically provides its own abbreviations and symbol keys or refers to a standard. There is no single authoritative source for knitting symbology and Knitting abbreviations, so multiple standards exist.

Both forms use the convention of sequential row numbers; a row counter is often used to keep track of progress through the pattern.

Text patterns
Text pattern details can vary from a general description to detailed stitch-by-stitch instruction. Knitting abbreviations are used for brevity.

Text patterns typically provide sequential instructions to be followed and may also include helpful advice.

Chart patterns
Chart patterns use a matrix of blocks filled with letters and symbols to describe the knitted stitches, typically with one stitch per block.

Chart patterns provide visual feedback on the relative position of stitches. They may be color-coded for multi-color knitting.

List of typical chart symbols
 : (blank) knit stitch (K) on right side; purl on wrong side
-: purl (P) on right side; knit on wrong side
o: yarn over (YO)
\: slip, slip, knit (ssk) on right side; slip, slip, purl (ssp) on wrong side
/: knit 2 together (k2tog) on right side; purl 2 together (p2tog) on wrong side
Sources:

Cables can be denoted by diagonal lines across multiple blocks to indicate number of stitches and direction of cable.

Other symbols unique to a particular pattern may be used.

Sources

Knitting patterns can be sold as a means of income. Knitting pattern collections are sold in books and magazines, but web sites such as Ravelry allow sale of individual knitting patterns.

The earliest known pattern book containing a knitting pattern was published in 1524. The earliest published English knitting pattern appeared in Natura Exenterata: or Nature Unbowelled, which was printed in London in 1655  Jane Gaugain was an early influential author of knitting pattern books in the early 1800s.

Yarn companies give away knitting patterns to promote use of their yarn.

See also
 Freeform crochet and knitting, to make a piece that is not constrained by patterns

References

Knitting tools and materials
Here & Now is the 16th original studio album by American folk rock duo America, released by Burgundy Records in January 2007. This is the first pop music studio album released by the group since Human Nature in 1998 (the group released a Christmas-themed studio album in 2002, Holiday Harmony).  The album reached number 52 on the Billboard albums chart, America's best chart showing since 1982's View from the Ground. Songs that received some airplay in the U.S. were "Always Love", "Love and Leaving", "Chasing the Rainbow", and "Ride On".

History
The personnel involved in the recording and production of Here & Now departs sharply from previous projects and represents an effort to reconnect with fresh, young talent. The album is co-produced by James Iha (formerly of Smashing Pumpkins) and Adam Schlesinger (of Fountains of Wayne and Ivy). Guest artists include Ryan Adams, Ben Kweller, Jim James and Patrick Hallahan of My Morning Jacket, Matthew Caws and Ira Elliot of Nada Surf, Mark Rozzo of Maplewood, and longtime collaborator and friend Stephen Bishop. Veteran America drummer Will Leacox joins in on percussion. Cover songs include "Indian Summer" (Maplewood), "Golden" (My Morning Jacket), and "Always Love" (Nada Surf).

The recording sessions were completed in July 2006, but a scheduled September release was eventually pushed back to January 2007. This was the first known occasion on which America recorded in a studio in New York City. The album reached No. 52 in its debut week, the highest position for the band since 1982's View from the Ground.

The first disc is composed of brand-new studio recordings, while a second disc features a live performance of the entire History: America's Greatest Hits album as recorded for "Then...Again...Live!" on XM Satellite Radio, with longtime sidemen Willie Leacox on drums, Michael Woods on guitar and keyboards, and newcomer Richard Campbell on bass and vocals.

Several alternate editions of Here & Now exist with a bonus track added at the end of disc one. These editions could only be purchased at Best Buy, Borders, Wal-Mart, and via iTunes digital download. A version sold at Target included a bonus DVD containing eight tracks of the XM performance.

Of the bonus tracks, the title song and "Saturday Sky" originally appeared on Gerry Beckley's solo record Horizontal Fall (also the original source for "Love and Leaving"), while "Paradise" premiered on The Complete Greatest Hits.

Track listing
Disc one

"Glass King" (iTunes & Australian CD Edition-exclusive bonus track)
"Paradise" (Borders-exclusive bonus track)
"Saturday Sky" (Walmart-exclusive bonus track)
"Here & Now" (Best Buy-exclusive bonus track)

Disc two

Bonus DVD (Target exclusive)
"Ventura Highway"
"Daisy Jane"
"I Need You"
"Tin Man"
"Only in Your Heart"
"Sandman"
"Sister Golden Hair"
"A Horse With No Name"

References

2007 albums
America (band) albums
Burgundy Records albums
Albums produced by Adam Schlesinger
Parasorbic acid is the cyclic lactone of sorbic acid. Thermal treatment or hydrolysis converts the lactone to sorbic acid.

Toxicity 

Parasorbic acid is toxic and causes indigestion and nausea, however cooking and exposure to moisture convert it to the benign food preservative sorbic acid.

See also
 δ-Valerolactone
 Sorbic acid

References

Delta-lactones
Preservatives
Enones
Anitta is a Brazilian singer and songwriter. She has received several awards and nominations, including four Latin American Music Awards, seven MTV Europe Music Awards, a MTV Video Music Award and six Latin Grammy Award nominations. She has also received various Brazilian awards such as four Melhores do Ano, sixteen Multishow Brazilian Music Awards, eight Meus Prêmios Nick and nine MTV Millennial Awards Brazil.

She rose to national fame with the release of her single "Show das Poderosas" in 2013, for which she received two Multishow Brazilian Music Awards, including Video of the Year. In the following years she released three studio albums, Anitta in 2013, Ritmo Perfeito in 2014 and Bang! in 2015. In 2014, she received her first Latin Grammy nomination for Best Brazilian Song for "Zen", the same year the won her first MTV Europe Music Award for Best Brazilian Act, her first of five consecutive wins in the category.

Between 2016 and 2019, she collaborated with several Latin American and American artists, releasing songs both in Spanish and Portuguese, including "Downtown" with Colombian singer J. Balvin, which was nominated for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Urban Song in 2018 and "R.I.P." with Mexican singer Sofia Reyes and British singer Rita Ora, which won a Premio Lo Nuestro and a Latin American Music Award.

In 2019, she released her fourth studio album Kisses, receiving a nomination for the Latin Grammy Award for Best Urban Music Album. In 2022, she released her fifth album Versions of Me, the album was commercially successful and included the single "Envolver", Anitta's most successful single, garnering a Guinness World Record for being the first solo Latin artist to reach No.1 on Spotify. Additionally, the song won Best Latin at the 2022 MTV Video Music Awards, making her the first Brazilian artist to win a VMA.

Awards and Nominations

Other accolades

World records

Listicles

References 

Anitta
Awards
Mochammad Anton (born 31 December 1965) is an Indonesian politician and businessman who was the mayor of Malang, East Java between 2013 and 2018. In 2018, he was convicted of bribery and sentenced to 2 years in prison.

Early life
Anton (Chinese: 魏兴安 Goei Hing An) was born in Malang on 31 December 1965 from Goei Heng An and Sumiati. He worked as a driver throughout high school and when he was studying at a university in Surabaya, and continued to do so after dropping out due to financial reasons.

Career
Around 1998, he entered the treacle business, which was then seen as a waste product by sugar refineries, supplying flavoring factories. By 2013, he claimed to be supplying around 300,000 tons of treacle annually, with links to sugarcane farmers in West, Central and East Java. He also participated in the local offices of Nahdlatul Ulama and later the National Awakening Party (PKB).

Mayor
In 2013, Anton participated in Malang's mayoral election with the endorsement of PKB and Gerindra, winning after securing 179,675 votes. He was sworn in on 13 September 2013, becoming the city's first Chinese Indonesian mayor. His work as mayor included the reduction of bureaucratic procedures and the establishment of "thematic" villages to where the localities would develop unique products. In addition, the city also set up injection wells and waste banks.

On 27 March 2018, Anton was arrested by the Corruption Eradication Commission for bribing the city council to approve the 2015 budget. Large numbers of the city councillors were also arrested. He was sentenced to 2 years in prison and fined Rp 100 million on 10 August 2018. He was released from prison after completing his term on 29 March 2020.

During his arrest, Anton would lose in the city's mayoral election - while still winning 135,710 votes (36.59%) - and he was succeeded by his deputy Sutiaji.

References

1965 births
Indonesian Muslims
Indonesian politicians of Chinese descent
National Awakening Party politicians
People from Malang
Mayors of Malang
Indonesian politicians convicted of corruption
Living people
Kitt is an unincorporated community in Jackson Township, Jay County, Indiana.

Kitt was formerly spelled Kit. A post office called Kit operated from 1880 until 1904.

Geography
Kitt is located at .

References

Unincorporated communities in Jay County, Indiana
Unincorporated communities in Indiana
Matthew Holmes (born 1 August 1969) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He notably played in the Premier League for West Ham United, Blackburn Rovers and Charlton Athletic. He also played in the Football League for AFC Bournemouth and Cardiff City. In 2000 he went into semi-retirement at the age of 30 due to an injury inflicted by Australian defender Kevin Muscat during an FA Cup game in 1998. He later played at non-league level for Dorchester Town.

Club career
Holmes joined AFC Bournemouth in 1986 where he remained until 1992 when he joined West Ham United. The fee was an initial £40,000 rising to £60,000 on appearances.
Making his debut on 19 August 1992 in a 2–0 away defeat to Newcastle United Holmes was part of the team which won promotion to the Premier League in season 1992–93. Two seasons in the Premier League followed with West Ham before he joined then Premier League champions Blackburn Rovers in August 1995 for a fee of £1.2m. Holmes played only nine games for Blackburn before being signed by manager Alan Curbishley for Charlton Athletic in July 1997. His professional career was ended on 3 February 1998, whilst playing in an FA Cup fourth round replay against Wolverhampton Wanderers. Holmes was fouled by Wolves player Kevin Muscat causing an injury so severe his surgeon told him that he had been fortunate not to have his leg amputated. He underwent a series of operations to repair his injured leg but was unable to return to top-level football. He played only 20 minutes first team football as a substitute in one Cup game in the remaining two and a half years of his contract. In July 2000, Holmes left top-flight professional football and moved to Dorchester Town.

Coaching career
He now runs a coaching school in the Dorset and Hampshire areas, which is aimed at children between the ages of five and twelve, and works for Bournemouth running centre of excellence age groups 6 - 11 and local development centres.

Personal life
He is the nephew of former Middlesbrough, Bolton Wanderers and Arsenal manager Bruce Rioch.

In 2004, Holmes was awarded £250,000 by the English High court for damages resulting from the tackle by Kevin Muscat.

References

External links 
 Matty Holmes School of Coaching

1969 births
Living people
English men's footballers
Blackburn Rovers F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
AFC Bournemouth players
Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Premier League players
Dorchester Town F.C. players
English Football League players
Footballers from Luton
AFC Bournemouth non-playing staff
Men's association football midfielders
English people of Scottish descent
Association football coaches
Measures 66 and 67 are two ballot referendums that were on the  special election ballot in the US state of Oregon, which proposed tax increases on corporations and on households making US$250,000 and individuals making $125,000 to help balance the state's budget. The measures referred two bills passed by the Oregon state legislature on , and signed by Governor Ted Kulongoski on , to the voters for approval. They were approved and became effective .

Background 
The recession that greatly affected the American economy starting in late 2008 caused a budget shortfall in Oregon that the state legislature had to make up for. A critical factor in this process was that the 2008 general election gave Democrats a three-fifths majority in both chambers of the legislature, which is the supermajority needed to pass any bills calling for revenue increases. Among other actions, the legislature passed House Bills 2649 and 3405, raising taxes on corporations and on wealthy individuals and households, respectively. Some Oregon citizens started a drive to force a referendum on these bills, believing they would hurt the state's economy.

While 55,179 valid signatures from registered voters on each referendum petition were needed to qualify the referendum for the ballot,
about 99,000 valid signatures were filed. Don Hamilton, spokesman for the Oregon Secretary of State's office, remarked that "it's unusually high for a statewide ballot measure." On , the Secretary of State's office announced that both measures qualified for the  ballot.

Campaign
Businesses largely opposed the two measures, with groups such as the Associated Oregon Industries campaigning against both.  The top individual donor was Phil Knight of Nike, who gave $150,000. 
 
The yes vote was supported by educators and public employee unions. Politically, the Oregon Democratic Party supported the measures while the Oregon Republican Party opposed the measures. The campaigns for and against these measures spent the second most money ever waged on a ballot measure campaign in the state. Only Ballot Measure 50 in 2007 was more expensive than the $12.5 million spent on the yes and no campaigns of Measures 66 and 67.

Results

Notes

See also 

 List of Oregon ballot measures
 Oregon tax revolt

References

External links 
 Oregon Measures 66 and 67 on Ballotpedia.

2010 Oregon ballot measures
Taxation in Oregon
Maaroom is coastal rural locality in the Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. In the , Maaroom had a population of 219 people.

Education 
There are no schools in Maaroom. The nearest primary and secondary schools are in Maryborough and its suburbs.

References 

Fraser Coast Region
Coastline of Queensland
Localities in Queensland
Theodoor Gilissen Bankiers was a private bank in the Netherlands that focused on the asset management, portfolio advisory services for wealthy individuals and providing services to independent asset managers. It was merged with Insinger de Beaufort in 2017 to form Insinger Gilissen. The bank had branches in The Hague, Amsterdam, Enschede, Groningen, Rotterdam and Eindhoven.

History 
On 1 February 1881 Theodorus Antonius Josephus Gilissen (1858-1918) founded the Theodoor Gilissen Bankiers. Until 1962 the bank operated as an independent company, then it became a corporation. In 1967 the bank became a part of the Bank Mees and Hope, later MeesPierson. MeesPierson was in turn owned by ABN AMRO. In 1997 MeesPierson was sold by ABN Amro to Dutch-Belgian group Fortis, and Theodoor Gilissen was included in the transaction. In 2003 Theodoor Gilissen was sold to KBL European Private Bankers (KBL EPB), now known as Quintet Private Bank.

In 2011, KBC sold its European private banking branch KBL EPB, including Theodoor Gilissen, to Precision Capital from Luxembourg for more than €1 billion.[2] The latter is a Luxembourg entity that represents the interests of a group of private investors from Qatar. KBC had been working for years to divest KBL EPB by order of the European Commission. In 2008, KBC was only able to survive thanks to a capital injection by the state of €3.5 billion. In May 2010, the Indian bank Hinduja already offered €1.35 billion for KBL EPB, but the Luxembourg financial regulator blocked this transaction.

In April 2016, KBL EPB and BNP Paribas Wealth Management concluded an agreement to acquire Insinger de Beaufort. In May 2016 it was announced that Theodoor Gilissen Bankiers and Insinger de Beaufort would merge.

References 
Article contains translated text from Theodoor Gilissen Bankiers on the Dutch Wikipedia retrieved on 12 March 2017.

Banks based in Amsterdam
Banks established in 1881
Dutch companies established in 1881
Billy Williams OBE, BSC (born 3 June 1929, Walthamstow, London) is a British cinematographer.

Williams was responsible for shooting a number of films, including Women in Love (1969), On Golden Pond (1981) and Gandhi (1982), for which he won an Academy Award. Williams joined his father, also named Billy, as an apprentice cameraman, remaining with him for four years. Later he served in the RAF as a photographer. On leaving the RAF he obtained a job with British Transport Films (BTF), filming all forms of transportation.

After this, it was to Iraq (where he later shot the opening scenes to The Exorcist, 1973), filming for the Iraq Petroleum Company. At this time he owned his own Arriflex camera. He spent several years in documentary work, hoping that one day he could break into features.

Before his feature debut, he became a cameraman on commercials, where he made contact with future directors Ken Russell and John Schlesinger (who had directed for BTF as well). In 1965, he shot his first feature as director of photography (San Ferry Ann), having by-passed the focus puller and operator stages.  He made several others before shooting Billion Dollar Brain with Russell in 1967.

Williams can be seen in a cameo in the film The Wind and the Lion (1975), playing a British nobleman living in Tangier who is killed in a shootout with Sean Connery's Berber tribesmen. He also appeared with Cher in 1987's Suspect.

Williams retired on New Year's Day 1996. Since retirement he has travelled, conducting workshops on film. He was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours. Williams is featured in the book Conversations with Cinematographers by David A. Ellis, published by Scarecrow Press.

Selected filmography
 1965: San Ferry Ann
 1967: Billion Dollar Brain
 1968: 30 Is a Dangerous Age, Cynthia
 1968: The Magus
 1969: Women in Love
 1970: Tam-Lin
 1971: Sunday Bloody Sunday
 1973: The Glass Menagerie
 1973: The Exorcist (opening scenes only)
 1975: The Wind and the Lion
 1976: Voyage of the Damned
 1977: The Devil's Advocate
 1978: The Silent Partner
 1979: Going in Style
 1981: On Golden Pond
 1982: Gandhi
 1983: The Survivors
 1984: Ordeal by Innocence
 1985: Dreamchild
 1987: Suspect
 1989: The Rainbow
 1990: Stella

References

External links
 
 Billy Williams tells his life story at Web of Stories (video)
 Billy Williams tells the story of British Transport Films (video)

1929 births
Living people
British cinematographers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Best Cinematographer Academy Award winners
Wells is a small mining and tourist town in the Cariboo District of central British Columbia, located on BC Highway 26,  from Quesnel and  before the highway's terminus at Barkerville. It gains much of its revenue and jobs from tourists who pass through on their way to the Bowron Lake Provincial Park and to the historic museum town of Barkerville.

History 
Originally a company town, it was managed by Cariboo Gold Quartz Mine. Fred M. Wells, for whom the town was named, prospected in the area for 10 years before finding the minerals that built the company.  At its heyday of the 1930s, Wells sported 4500 people. In 1942 it had a greater population than Quesnel or Prince George. The closure of the gold and other mineral mines in 1967 took its toll on the town and most of the population moved away. Today it has a listed population of just 250 which doubles during the summer months.

Between May and September, Wells sees over 100,000 tourists pass through on their way to Barkerville.  Some visitors stay or camp overnight in Wells, which has an active arts and outdoor entertainment sector.  During the winter months, visitors come for the cross-country ski trails, snowmobiling, and artistic and study retreats.

Climate
Wells doesn't have a weather station, but Barkerville does (located  away). Wells has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), resulting in long, cold and snowy winters, accompanied by short and cool summers due to its high altitude and latitude. Its growing season averages only 66 days. It is located at the mouth of Jack of Clubs Creek, and defined as the source of the Willow River at the outflow of the Jack of Clubs Lake.

Demographics 
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Wells had a population of 218 living in 113 of its 156 total private dwellings, a change of  from its 2016 population of 217. With a land area of , it had a population density of  in 2021.

See also

List of communities in British Columbia

References

External links 

District municipalities in British Columbia
Ghost towns in British Columbia
Populated places in the Cariboo Regional District
Mining communities in British Columbia