Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Karakhanid, also known as Khaqani Turkic (self referring to as Türki or Türkçe), was a historical Turkic language developed in the 11th century during the Middle Turkic period under the Kara-Khanid Khanate. It has been described as the first literary Islamic Turkic language. It is sometimes classified under the Old Turkic category, rather than Middle Turkic, as it is contemporary to the East Old Turkic languages of Orkhon and Old Uyghur. Eastern Middle Turkic languages, namely Khorezmian and later Chagatai are descendents of the Karakhanid language.

Karakhanid vocabulary was influenced by Arabic and Persian loanwords, but the language itself was still noted to be similar to the Old Uyghur language. The language was written using the Arabic script. Mahmud al-Kashgari's Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk and Yūsuf Balasaguni's Kutadgu Bilig are considered to be important literary works written in Karakhanid language.

History 
It was spoken between the 5th-15th centuries. It is one of the three parts of the Old Turkish period. According to Ligeti's classification, it is divided into three periods:

a) Mani and Buddha translations and the foundation period of Uyghur written language

b) Chagatai writing language period

c) Kipchak and Oghuz language relics period

Ḥāqāni Turkish (Khāghānī/Khāqānī Türkī) can also be called the Old Kashgar language. It was the literary language used by the Turks in this area until the beginning of the 14th century. Karakhanid Turkish and Khorezmian Turkish in the west were replaced by Chagatai Turkish in the Timurid period.

Alphabet

Additional Letters 
Only 18 of these letters are used. There are seven more letters which have no place in spelling, but are necessary in pronunciation and are not considered as root letters. Turkish languages cannot exist without these letters. These are:

Literary works 
Although the Ghaznavids and Seljuks did not attach great importance to Turkish and were more fond of Persian, other Turks and Turkish elders valued the native language and left 21 works. The most important and valuable of these that have reached our hands are;

The famous work Kutadgu Bilig written by Yusuf Has Hajip (Yūsuf Khāss Hājib), which was written in Hakaniye Turkish for the first time during the Karakhanid State, and the famous work Divān-ı Lügati't-Türk written in the same century by Kāshgarlı Mahmud. Unfortunately, four works mentioned by Ibn Muhannā, one work called Bilik mentioned by Abu Hayyan (Abū Mūsā Ǧābir ibn Ḥayyān) and others have not been found. There was also a Turkish poet named Çuçu during the Karakhanid period.

Phonology 
Vowels are found in Karakhanid Turkish, as in all periods of the Turkish language.

References 

Extinct languages of Asia
Guy Duncan Kingsford (September 30, 1911 – November 9, 1986) was an English-born American film, television, and radio actor.

Biography
Born in Redhill, Surrey in the United Kingdom, he was the son of British actor Walter Kingsford who moved with his wife to New York City. 

In 1938 he was in the theatrical production Once is Enough. 

He was in the US Army during World War II. He performed in a vaudeville-style variety show at Camp Sibert alongside other enlisted industry professionals. According to Sidney Skolsky, when Kingsford was traveling in Berlin, Germany that same year as part of a touring company,  the Reich Film Chamber tried to recruit him to act in a propaganda film. In the role, he would have portrayed a "so-called "patriot" who would turn over United States military secrets to the German High Command." Kingsford was offered $3,000 up front and an additional $15,000 upon completion of the film. Kingsford sarcastically asked the recruiter from the Chamber if he had checked with the American Embassy prior to recruiting American actors for the film. The recruiter left and never contacted Kingsford again.

In the 1940s he was a voice actor in Lux Radio Theater shows. He also owned a home, with his sister, in Luxembourg along the Saar River. In 1943, he co-starred in Silk Hat Harry at the Music Box Theater in Los Angeles. That same year, while filming Sahara, he was almost injured by a bayonet but was protected by a package of war bonds in his shirt. He appears on a lobby card promoting the film Escort Girl. 

In 1953, he played a Roman soldier in Salome. 

He retired in 1960 and died in Encino, California, in 1986.

Filmography
The Headline Woman (1935), as a taxi driver
Happy Go Lucky (1936)
Escort Girl (1941)
That Hamilton Woman (1941)
Stagecoach Express (1942)
Texas to Bataan (1942)
Law of the Jungle (1942)
House of Errors (1942)
Sahara (1943)
Paris After Dark (1943)
The Phantom (1943)
Second Chance (1943)
The Lone Wolf in London (1947)
Elephant Stampede (1951)
Fort Vengeance (1953)
Moonfleet (1955)
The Night Holds Terror (1955)
Teen-Age Crime Wave (1955)
Inside Detroit (1956)
The Decks Ran Red (1958)
Highway Patrol (1955)

References

External links

1911 births
1986 deaths
20th-century English male actors
United States Army personnel of World War II
British emigrants to the United States
Carlos Seco Serrano (14 November 1923 – 12 April 2020) was a Spanish historian who specialised in the contemporary era.

Biography
He was born in Toledo, and died, aged 96, in Madrid, a victim of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Seco Serrano was elected to medalla nº 12 of the Real Academia de la Historia on 21 January 1977 and took up his seat on 5 February 1978.

References

1923 births
2020 deaths
Members of the Real Academia de la Historia
People from Toledo, Spain
20th-century Spanish historians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
Ernst Wahlberg (15 October 1904 – 1 May 1977) was a Swedish footballer. He made one appearance for the Swedish national team.

References

Swedish men's footballers
Djurgårdens IF Fotboll players
AIK Fotboll players
1904 births
1977 deaths
Men's association football players not categorized by position
Karaga may refer to:

 Karaga (festival), folk dance of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka
 Karaga people, geographical subgroup of the Koryaks who live in Kamchatka
 Karaga District, Northern Region, Ghana
 Karaga, Ghana, the capital city of the Karaga district
 Karaga (Ghana parliament constituency), located in the district
 Karaga, alternate name for Qareh Qayeh, Meyaneh, village in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran
 Karaga, a variety of the Mandaya language
 Bangalore Karaga, festival held in Bangalore City, Karnataka State, India
 Karaga Attam or Karakattam, ancient Tamil folk art dance
 Caraga, administrative region in the Philippines
 Karaga, a Sydney K-class ferry
The untitled sixth studio album by the Canadian rock band Trooper (informally known as Trooper 1980) was released  on October 4, 1980.  It remains the only Trooper album not to chart a hit single on Canada's RPM 100 Singles chart.

Track listing
(McGuire/Smith)

 4:32 - "Don't Feel Like Dancing"
 3:32 - "If I Never See Your Face Again"
 4:44 - "Are You Still My Baby"
 3:37 - "Real Canadians"
 3:43 - "Legend"
 3:47 - "Dump That Creep"
 3:34 - "Laura"
 3:57 - "I Don't Wanna Be Here"
 5:04 - "Volunteer Victims"

Band members

 Vocals - Ra McGuire
 Guitar - Brian Smith
 Drums - Tommy Stewart
 Bass - Doni Underhill
 Keyboards - Rob Deans

Singles

 "Real Canadians" / "Go Ahead And Sue Me"
 "Laura" / "I Don't Wanna Be Here"
 "Are You Still My Baby" / "Legend"

Trooper (band) albums
1980 albums
Pinnacle Gulch and Shorttail Gulch are coastal access trails served by the same Sonoma County Regional Parks Department parking lot.  The trails provide beach and tidepool access to the Pacific Coast of northern California in the United States.  The trails are located south of Bodega Bay in Sonoma County.  Automobile access from California State Route 1 is via Harbor Way just south
of downtown Bodega Bay, California.  A fee or Sonoma County Regional Parks pass is required for use of the trail head parking lot and rest room.

The  Pinnacle Gulch coastal access trail begins across Mockingbird Road from the parking lot at 20600 Mockingbird in the residential subdivision of Bodega Harbor.  The  Shorttail Gulch coastal access trail is reached by walking  south from the parking lot along Mockingbird and Osprey roads.  Both trails follow steep ravines eroded through Pleistocene marine and marine terrace deposits supporting northern coastal scrub including thick growth of poison oak.  The beach is suitable for recreational fishing and swimming at your own risk.  It may be possible to hike  along the beach between the two trails at low tide.

See also
List of Sonoma County Regional Parks facilities

References

External links
Pinnacle Gulch Coastal Access Trail official webpage
Shorttail Gulch Coastal Access Trail official webpage

Protected areas of Sonoma County, California
MS Berge Stahl was a bulk carrier. Until the delivery of MS Vale Brasil in 2011 she was the longest and largest iron ore carrier in the world. She was registered in Comoros. Before that, she was registered in Douglas, Isle of Man, Stavanger, Norway as well as in Monrovia, Liberia.

An iron ore carrier, Berge Stahl had a capacity of  . She was built in 1986 by Hyundai Heavy Industries. The vessel was  long, had a beam, or width, of , and a draft, or depth in the water, of .

Her MAN B&W 7L90MCE diesel engine drove a single  propeller giving a top speed of .

Because of its massive size, Berge Stahl could originally only tie up, fully loaded, at two ports in the world, hauling ore from the Terminal Marítimo de Ponta da Madeira in Brazil to the Europoort near Rotterdam in the Netherlands. Even at these ports, passage must be timed to coincide with high tides to prevent the ship running aground. Berge Stahl made this trip about ten times each year, or a round-trip about every five weeks.

The newly opened deep-water iron ore wharf at Caofeidian in China received the fully loaded Berge Stahl in October 2011, and several other Chinese ports have since opened to receive Vale's even larger Valemax ships. Berge Stahl can operate from other ports if not fully loaded. In September 2006, the ship carried ore to the port of Majishan, China. On the return voyage to Rotterdam, the ship picked up a partial load of ore in Dampier, Western Australia, and Saldanha Bay in South Africa (where the maximum draft permitted is 21 m). In April 2014, the Berge Stahl received her last dry-docking, in Portugal. The owner, Berge Bulk, announced that the thirty-year-old vessel performed her last voyage to Rotterdam in the autumn of 2016. She was then headed for dry dock, where she was refitted before commencing a new contract transporting iron ore from the Port of Tubarão in Brazil to Sohar, Oman.

In July 2021 the ship was beached at Gadani ship-breaking yard and scrapped.

See also 
List of longest ships
TI-class supertanker

References

External links

 Technical information and image gallery aukevisser.nl 
Image of MS Berge Stahl in port

Merchant ships of Norway
BW Group
1986 ships
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
Very large ore carriers
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario defeated Magdalena Maleeva in the final, 6–4, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 1995 WTA German Open.

Steffi Graf was the four-time reigning champion, but did not compete that year.

Seeds
A champion seed is indicated in bold text while text in italics indicates the round in which that seed was eliminated. The top eight seeds received a bye to the second round.

  Arantxa Sánchez Vicario (champion)
  Mary Pierce (quarterfinals)
 n/a
  Gabriela Sabatini (third round)
  Magdalena Maleeva (final)
  Kimiko Date (quarterfinals)
  Natasha Zvereva (semifinals)
  Mary Joe Fernández (third round)
  Naoko Sawamatsu (second round)
  Amanda Coetzer (second round)
  Lori McNeil (first round)
  Julie Halard (third round)
  Helena Suková (first round)
  Inés Gorrochategui (second round)
  Marianne Werdel-Witmeyer (first round)
  Martina Hingis (second round)

Draw

Finals

Top half

Section 1

Section 2

Bottom half

Section 3

Section 4

References
 1995 WTA German Open Draw

WTA German Open
1995 WTA Tour
The Port Royal and Augusta Railway was a South Carolina railroad that existed in the latter half of the 19th century.

The Port Royal Railroad Company was chartered in 1856 and the line was completed in 1870. In 1873, the Georgia Railroad provided financial assistance to the Port Royal Railroad Company, but Port Royal Railroad Company defaulted in November 1873 and the railroad was sold to the Georgia Railroad under foreclosure in June 1878, with the Union Trust Company of New York as Trustees. The Georgia Railroad reorganized it under the name Port Royal and Augusta Railway, and the company expanded.

In 1881 Georgia Railroad leased its rail lines for 99 years to Colonel William M. Wadley, who assigned half of the interest to Louisville and Nashville Railroad and the other half to Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia. That same year, Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia acquired controlling stock in Port Royal and Augusta Railway.

In 1893, the State of South Carolina filed suit in State of South Carolina v. Port Royal and Augustra Railway Company, alleging that Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia was intentionally diverting trade from Port Royal to its own lines by misuse of its voting power. Under the directors they appointed, the State alleged, the facilities of Port Royal Railroad Company had been allowed to deteriorate. Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia was forced into receivership and sold, reorganized as Central of Georgia Railway. Central's purchasers, Ryan and Thomas, claimed to have purchased the company's interest in the lease, a claim denied by one of the receivers. Louisville and Nashville Railroad had continued to pay their lease and receive their profits, while Central of Georgia had not. In light of this, the Port Royal and Augusta Railway Company filed suited against Central of Georgia for unpaid leases. However, in 1894, before resolution of any suit, the State of Georgia repealed the charter of the Port Royal and Augusta Railway and liquidated its assets, rendering legal action moot.

By 1898, The Port Royal and Augusta Railway and the Port Royal and Western Carolina Railway had been combined into the new Charleston and Western Carolina Railway. Today the segment between Augusta and Yemassee are part of the CSX Augusta Subdivision, while the segment south of Yemassee to Seabrook are part of the Beaufort-Jasper Water and Sewer Authority and the Spanish Moss Trail.

Notes

References

Defunct South Carolina railroads
Defunct Georgia (U.S. state) railroads
Railway companies established in 1873
Railway companies disestablished in 1959
Llanelieu (English Llaneleu) is a small settlement and former civil parish (community) in Powys, Wales on the northern edge of the Black Mountains within the Brecon Beacons National Park.  It lies within the historic bounds of Brecknockshire. The settlement is now part of the community of Talgarth. The nearest town is Talgarth some  to the west.

The settlement
Prehistoric settlement of the area is evidenced by Ffostyll Long Cairns, two neolithic burial chambers just to the north of Ffostyll Farm.

St Ellyw's Church

St Ellyw's Church is the main feature of the scattered settlement as well as being the source of its name (Llan-Ellyw). Saint Ellyw is said to have been one of the many saintly offspring of Brychan, legendary 5th-century king of Brycheiniog who ruled from nearby Talgarth. The church of St Ellyw dates from the 13th century and, unusually, escaped Victorian modernization so that it preserves many of its medieval features. It is now redundant, but is cared for as a Grade I listed building.

Near the church is a veteran yew that was believed to have been used as the parish stocks in the 17th and 18th centuries. Natural holes in the tree took the miscreant's arms which were then secured by an iron bar. The tree was subject to restoration in 2010.

Llanelieu Court
In 1845, Samuel Lewis' topographical entry for Llanelieu noted that "there were formerly several ancient mansions, but they have been all abandoned as family residences by their proprietors, and are at present occupied as farm-houses". Chief among those that survive is Llanelieu Court, a 17th-century house which was formerly the home of one of the branches of the Aubrey family. In recent years it has housed a craft pottery, the Black Mountains Pottery, and is now a Grade II listed building.

The parish and community

Llanelieu was a civil parish from 1837 until 1974, when it was re-termed a community. The community included the settlement of Llanelieu and extended to the south east as far as Mynydd Du Forest. As such, it included a substantial upland area of the Black Mountains, principally along the valley of the Grwyne Fawr where a reservoir was completed between 1908 and 1928. A temporary village, including school, was built on site to house construction workers and remains of this village are still visible. Lewis in 1845 described the "surrounding scenery as bold, and in some parts romantic", whereas the 1868 National Gazetteer dismissed it as "somewhat of a gloomy cast".

Despite its size, Llanelieu was one of the least populous communities in Brecknockshire containing just 15 houses and 72 people in 1961. In 1985, it was split up, the settlement merging with the community of Talgarth,  whilst the northernmost part was transferred to the new community of Gwernyfed and the extensive southern part to the new community of the Vale of Grwyney.

References

Villages in Powys
Talgarth
Petri Hiltunen (born 13 October 1967) is a Finnish cartoonist and illustrator. Hiltunen has produced work in a variety of genres, but is most notable for his fantasy and horror work. He has won the prestigious Puupäähattu award in 2002, which is regarded as the highest honour for Finnish comic artists. He is also a well-known figure in Finnish science fiction fandom and a regular panelist and guest of honour at conventions, such as Finncon.

His own comic albums include the horror/fantasy tale Laulu yön lapsista ("Song of the children of the night"), exploring the vampire folklore of 1562 Russia during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, and a graphic novel version of Macbeth. The fantasy world of Jaconia, created for his Praedor comics, has been adapted into a role-playing game of the same name. His work has also been featured in the science fiction magazine Tähtivaeltaja, the Finnish Conan magazine and twice in the war comics magazine Korkeajännitys: a western story and one story set in the Finnish War. His drawing style is quite detailed, particularly with his characters, and features heavy lines.

Hiltunen is best known in the Finnish popular consciousness from his much lighter, humorous newspaper comic strip Väinämöisen paluu ("The Return of Väinämöinen"), published in many major newspapers and as comic books. In it, the Eternal Sage of Kalevala ends his self-imposed exile to find that he might have been gone for too long. He must try to adjust to modern Finland (e.g. finding out that these newfangled "potatoes" are now considered a traditional food) as modern Finland must try to adjust to him (e.g. a group of neo-nazis coming to greet him and introducing themselves as indigenous Finns; they are nonplussed when he starts apologizing and it turns out he thought they were Sami.) As the culture shock gradually faded, the strip became a more character-based comedy but eventually faded in turn.

References

1967 births
Living people
Finnish comic strip cartoonists
Finnish illustrators
Frisco is an unincorporated community in Stoddard County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

History
A post office called Frisco was established in 1895, and remained in operation until 1914. The community derives its name from the nickname of the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway.

References

Unincorporated communities in Stoddard County, Missouri
Unincorporated communities in Missouri
1895 establishments in Missouri
W.B. Thomson  was a rugby union international who represented England from 1892 to 1895.

Early life
W.B. Thomson was born in 1871, in Matabeleland, then deemed part of South Africa but in what would later become South Rhodesia.  He was educated at Bedford Modern School.

Rugby union career
Thomson played his club rugby for Blackheath F.C. and made his international debut on 2 January 1892 at his club's home ground at the Rectory Field, Blackheath in the England vs Wales match. He played on four occasions for England and was on the winning side on three occasions. He played his final match for England on 9 March 1895 at the Athletic Ground, Richmond in the England vs Scotland match.

Personal life
Wardlaw Brown Thomson married Mary Ethel Brewis in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1896 They had a son, Wardlaw Ivor Thomson who was killed in the First World War.  WB Thomson died in 1921.

References

1871 births
People educated at Bedford Modern School
English rugby union players
England international rugby union players
Rugby union centres
Year of death missing
Rhodesian people
Shankarrao Mohite-Patil was an Indian politician and member of the Congress party.

Career
He started his legislative career by representing Akluj in the erstwhile  Bombay Legislative Assembly from 1952 to 1960. Later he represented the same seat of Akluj (later Malshiras)
in the newly created  Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from 1960 to 1972.

Personal life and family
In the 1970s, the expensive wedding of his daughter was heavily criticized.

He was father of former Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil and Pratapsinh Mohite-Patil as well as grandfather of Ranjitsinh Mohite-Patil who was the first president of the state unit of Nationalist Youth Congress.

Legacy
Mohite was given the Epithet Sahakar Maharshi for his pioneering work in the cooperative sector.
The cooperative sugar factory he established in Akluj initially named Yashwant sahakari sakhar karkhana was renamed in his honour.
For his influence in the cooperative sugar sector, he was called one of sugar barons.
He is the founder of a political dynasty that dominates politics of Malshiras taluka and the Solapur district.

References

Indian National Congress politicians
People from Solapur district
Marathi politicians
Members of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
People from Akluj
The First Congregational Church and Parish House in Memphis, Tennessee are a historic church and parish house on a single lot at 234 S. Watkins Street.  The Georgian Revival-style church is a high one-story church which was built in 1910. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

It was deemed "significant both as a fine example of the Georgian Revival style and as the work of prominent Memphis architect Walk Claridge Jones, Sr.  A regional leader in the profession, Jones abhorred modem architecture, preferring instead a simplified classical style. The First Congregational Church, with its Ionic portico, rectangular plan and symmetrical fenestration, illustrates this philosophy."

References

Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
Georgian Revival architecture in Tennessee
Churches completed in 1910
Churches in Memphis, Tennessee
Congregational churches in Tennessee
National Register of Historic Places in Memphis, Tennessee