The assassination of Bronisław Pieracki was a target killing of a Polish politician of the interwar period, Minister of Interior Bronisław Pieracki (1895-1934), by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN).

The chosen assassin, Hryhorij Maciejko pseudonym "Gonta", was a trusted member of OUN.

Background

The OUN was formed in Poland in 1929 by a number of nationalist organizations. It professed ethno-nationalism, including hostility to Poles, and in its first decade carried out many acts of terrorism, including political assassinations.

The assassination
The assassination plan was decided at an OUN meeting in Berlin. Maciejko was supplied with a makeshift bomb and a 7.65mm caliber pistol from Bandera. In the morning of 15 June 1934 Maciejko (aged 31) appeared at the Foksal Street in Warsaw in front of a social club frequented by Pieracki. He waited there for several hours undetected. The minister arrived in his limousine at 3:30 pm; however, Maciejko's bomb failed. He pulled the gun and shot the minister from behind twice in the back of his head. Maciejko escaped successfully with the help of OUN emissaries as far as Czechoslovakia and then on to Argentina. 

Pieracki's state funeral was attended by some 100,000 people. The coffin was sent to Nowy Sącz in a special train and laid in his family tomb.

Aftermath
The Polish authorities did not realize at first that OUN was behind the assassination and blamed the Polish National Radical Camp (ONR) for it. The mistake had terrible consequences for Poland's political life. As a result of this, the Bereza Kartuska prison for dissidents was established. 

A year later, it became known that OUN was behind the assassination of Bronisław Pieracki. The trial of OUN leaders before a Warsaw circuit court took place between 18 November 1935 and 13 January 1936. Sixteen OUN members, including Stepan Bandera and Mykola Lebed, were found guilty of organizing the assassination.  

After a two-month trial in Warsaw, the court sentenced the guilty as follows:
 Stepan Bandera, Mykola Lebed and Yaroslav Karpynets were sentenced to death (commuted to life imprisonment due to an amnesty);
 Mykola Klymyshyn, Bohdan Pidhainy sentenced to life imprisonment;
 Dariya Hnatkivska sentenced to 15 years imprisonment;
 Ivan Malyutsa, Roman Myhal and Yevhen Kachmarsky - 12 years imprisonment;
 Kateryna Zarytska - 8 years imprisonment;
 Yaroslav Rak and Yakiv Chorny - 7 years imprisonment.
The court also denied Hnatkivska, Malyutsa, Kachmarsky, Myhal, Chorny, Zarytska and Rak civil rights for 10 years.

The actual assassin, Hryhorij Maciejko, never faced a judge; he died in Buenos Aires in 1966.

See also
 Assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz, first interwar president, 1922

References

Further reading
The Warsaw Act of indictment against Stepan Bandera and his comrades / Ed. by Mykola Posivnych. Lviv, 2005. 
Żeleński W. Zabójstwo ministra Pierackiego. 

1934 murders in Europe
1930s murders in Poland
1935 in case law
1935 in Poland
1936 in case law
1936 in Poland
Political history of Ukraine
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
Poland–Ukraine relations
Trials in Poland
June 1934 events
Terrorism in Poland
Terrorist incidents in Second Polish Republic
1934 in Poland
1934 crimes in Poland
Pieracki, Bronisław