Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The dead cat strategy, also known as deadcatting, is the political strategy of deliberately making a shocking announcement to divert media attention away from problems or failures in other areas. The present name for the strategy has been associated with British former prime minister Boris Johnson's political strategist Lynton Crosby.

Origin
While he was mayor of London, Boris Johnson wrote a column for the 3 March 2013 edition of The Telegraph in which he described the "dead cat" as a piece of Australian political strategy about what to do in a situation in which the argument is being lost and "the facts are overwhelmingly against you".

Johnson employed the Australian Lynton Crosby as his campaign manager during the 2008 and 2012 London mayoral elections, leading to press speculation that he was the "Australian friend" in the story.

Use

Some observe that the strategy is used not only to distract when an argument is being lost but also to avoid responsibility or the repercussions of misconduct. Academics claim that continued use of the dead cat strategy is unsustainable, because the repeated staging of outlandish 'newsworthy pseudo-events' cannot go unnoticed over time, even if it has been used to win previous elections.

See also

References 

Propaganda techniques
Political campaign techniques
Rhetoric
Legal terminology from popular culture
Metaphors referring to cats
Boris Johnson
Arlington is a historic slave plantation located in Columbia, Howard County, Maryland, now part of the Fairway Hills Golf Course.

The estate occupied several original land patents including "Dorsey's Search, Talbot's Resolution Manor, and Long Reach". The Northeast corner where the Columbia turnpike and Route 108 met formed a small community. The general store built in 1874 by the Bloom family was known as "Blooms Corner" and the downstairs post office was named "Columbia". The store served hard cider with mail delivered by horseback.

The Arlington house is a -story building with a later addition of a -story-tall granite stone building. It was built by slave labor using a circular scaffold that ringed the building for stones to be pushed or rolled into position A one-story wood slave quarters was attached by a walkway to the NorthWest. A wooden carriage house was built south of the manor.

In 1928, the Allview Golf Course was founded by New York Railroader Ed "Gunboat" Smith. (Nicknamed after the popular boxer). The golf course was built, but plans for a luxury resort fell through as the depression set in. Well known for enjoying drink, Dorsey and Roger Williams became tenants during the depression. The property was later purchased by Walter A. Edgar who operated the course as well as thoroughbred horse farms in the area. C. Oliver Goldsmith, owner of Thunder Hill, later acquired Allview, and Woodlawn Farms, after marrying Jean Edgar and the passing of her parents. Upon sale of Woodlawn, Allview, and Thunder Hill, Goldsmith moved his horse breeding farm to Longwood Farm in Glenwood.

The Allview property was key in expanding the Rouse Company land development project before public notification of zoning changes would raise the acquisition price. Only the Kingdon Gould (Kings Contrivance) and Guldelsky (Town Center) properties were higher priority. Howard Research and Development purchased a 98-year lease on the property. In 1977 the property was subdivided down to 177 acres and the historical survey recommended the property as a critical resource for state funded preservation. The house was converted in use to become the pro shop and restaurant named "Lucky Ned Peppers" for the Allview Golf course. In 1985 Allview was closed so that the course could be subdivided down to 162 acres from 206 for additional residential construction called Fairway Hills by the Rouse Company. In 1988, County Parks Board refused to accept 180 acres of the property for its use as a golf course, with the director saying it was downright ugly. Days later, the Columbia Association accepted an offer to transfer the golf course land from HRD. The Columbia association had issues with the cost of the $5.5 million proposal from Rouse that included contingent approval in order to restore the Arlington building. The course reopened in 1995 as the Fairway Hills golf course managed by the Columbia Association.

See also
List of Howard County properties in the Maryland Historical Trust
Oakland Manor

References

Howard County, Maryland landmarks
Houses in Howard County, Maryland
Slave cabins and quarters in the United States
The Papahaua Range is a mountain range on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island east of the town of Westport.  It is a geological continuation of the Paparoa Range that is south of the Buller River and it runs north from the Buller Gorge to the Mōkihinui River.  At its north end, it meets the Glasgow Range.

Significant coal deposits are located in the range, and the Denniston Incline at the end of the Conns Creek Branch railway was built up to a plateau in the Papahaua Range to provide railway access for some mines.  Due to its extremely steep climb and spectacular operations, the Denniston Incline was known during its life as the "eighth wonder of the world" by locals.

The Papahaua Ranges are largely forested and human habitation is low.  The decline of coal has led to some settlements such as Denniston and Millerton becoming virtually ghost towns.

References 

Mountain ranges of the West Coast, New Zealand
Buller District
Vithalrao Devidasrao Deshpande was a leader of  Communist Party of India. He was a member of Bombay Legislative Assembly and served as leader of the opposition from 1959 to 1960.

References

Communist Party of India politicians from Maharashtra
Yên Châu is a district (huyện) of Sơn La province in the Northwest region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 62,883. The district covers an area of 844 km². The district capital is the eponymous Yên Châu.

Climate

References

Districts of Sơn La province
Sơn La province
The Cabinet Wulff I was the state government of the German state of Lower Saxony from 4 March 2003 until 26 February 2008. The Cabinet was headed by Minister President Christian Wulff and was formed by the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party. On 4 March 2003 Wulff was elected and sworn in as Minister President by the Landtag of Lower Saxony, after Wulff's winning of the 2003 Lower Saxony state election.

Composition 

|}

References

Wulff I
2003 establishments in Germany
2008 disestablishments in Germany
Mell (stylized as MELL) is a female Japanese singer from Sapporo, Japan, who is signed to Geneon Universal Entertainment. She is a former member of the Sapporo-based I've Sound, and one of its main vocalists. Mell has contributed vocals to several anime soundtracks including Black Lagoon, Hayate the Combat Butler, Rideback, Shakugan no Shana,  and Sky Girls.

After battling an unknown illness over a prolonged period, Mell left I've Sound after the release of her compilation album Entrust: The Name of Mell on March 20, 2013.

Discography

Albums

Singles

DVDs 
Mell First Live Tour 2008 Scope DVD
Released on April 29, 2009

 Under Superstition
 Way beyond there
 Kill
 No vain
 On my own
 Permit
 Proof
 Kicks!
 Scope
 Red fraction
 The first finale in me
 Egen
 Virgin's high!

Song list

I've solo works 
  (February 5, 1999)
 "Fall in Love" (September 24, 1999)
  (October 16, 1999)
 "Repeat" (October 16, 1999)
 "Fly to the Top" (July 16, 2000)
  (December 8, 2000)
  (December 22, 2000)
  (January 26, 2001)
  -comment te dire adieu- (March 2, 2001)
 "World My Eyes -prototype-" (December 28, 2002)
  (December 28, 2002)
 "Last in Blue" (February 28, 2003)
 "Spiral" (June 27, 2003)
 "Out Flow" (September 5, 2003)
 "Our Youthful Days" (October 31, 2003)
 "Permit" (December 17, 2004)
 "Permit" -Unplugged mix- (December 17, 2004)
 "Permit" -- (December 17, 2004)
 "Permit" -- Unplugged Mix (December 17, 2004)
  (Mixed up ver.) (December 29, 2004)
 "Egen" (January 14, 2005)
 "Two face (Front Line Covers ver.)" (December 28, 2008)
 "Disintegration (Front Line Covers ver.)" (December 28, 2008)
  (March 25, 2009)
 "Bizarrerie Cage" (May 1, 2009)
 "Noblest Love" (February 26, 2010)

Mell and Miki 
  (July 14, 2000)

Kotoko and Mell 
 "See You"  (June 14, 2006)

I've Special Unit 
 "See You"  (P.V ver.) (September 5, 2003)
 "Fair Heaven" (July 30, 2005)
 ; performed as Love Planet Five (April 4, 2007)

Solo 
 "Dear memories"
 "The Winner Takes It All"
 "Hello Goodbye" (Silent Half)
 "Mermaid"
 "Split" (...Split)
 "Video-Killed-The-Radio-Star"
 
 "Strange Woman"
 "Noyau"
 "Mermaid in the City"
 "Fin"
 "Where Are You Now?"

Orihime 
 
 
 "Love Generation"

Aki & Kotoko & Mell & Naraku & Yokko-Q

C.G Mix featuring Mell 
 "Detect"

References

External links 
  
  

Anime musicians
I've Sound members
Japanese women singers
Singers from Sapporo
NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan artists
Hayate the Combat Butler
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Illse Davids (born 26 March 1987 in Cape Town, South Africa) is a South African field hockey player. At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed with the South Africa women's national field hockey team in the women's tournament.  She studied at the University of North Carolina and played for their hockey team. She obtained their Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE), Stellenbosch University.

References

External links

Living people
1987 births
Field hockey players at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic field hockey players for South Africa
South African female field hockey players
Field hockey players at the 2014 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games competitors for South Africa
Field hockey players from Cape Town
Alumni of Wynberg Girls' High School
University of North Carolina alumni
Stellenbosch University alumni
Crassispira boadicea is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae, the turrids and allies.

Description
The length of the shel attains 25 mm, its diameter 9.7 mm.

The rather large shell is rudely biconic. The body is angular, the basal curvature very slight. It contains probably 10 whorls in the conch of the perfect adult. The protoconch is smooth but is not perfectly preserved in any of the available material. The anal fasciole is very wide, usually more than half the altitude of the volution, broadly concave, devoid of axial sculpture. The area in front of the fasciole is undulated by the axials, which number 14 on the body of the holotype but which run as low as 11. The axials are most prominent upon the periphery, which they crenulate, rapidly evanescent behind the periphery, persistent to the anterior suture but with constantly diminishing strength. They become obsolete upon the base of the body. The spirals are low, flattened, and rather obscure, usually 3 upon the antepenultimatwhorl 15 upon the ultima, the 6 upon the columella are slightly more elevated than those upon the body. Ssecondaries are fortuitously introduced upon the base of the
body. The fasciole exhibits an obscure spiral liration anteriorly. The posterior margin of the whorl is closely appressed against the preceding volution but not conspicuously elevated. The suture line is feeble, and undulatory. The aperture is narrow, widening a little behind by reason of the feeble expansion of the outer lip and the slightly less feeble constriction on the inner. The siphonal notch is broad, shallow, and placed perceptibly nearer to the periphery than to the posterior suture. The parietal wall is smoothly but not very heavily glazed. The anterior canal is long for the genus and rather broad. The anterior siphonal fasciole os rather short, spirally lirate, incrementally rugose, obscurely marginate at its extremity.

Distribution
Fossils from Late Cenozoic strata have been found in Alum Bluff Formation of Florida, UDA.

References

 Dall (1900), Wagner Free Inst. Sci. Trans., vol. 3, pt. 5, p. 1197, pi. 41, fig. 4.
 Maury (1910), Bull. Am. Paleontology, vol. 4, no. 21, p. 6, pi. 1, fig. 8.

boadicea
Gastropods described in 1900
ROCO, formerly the River Oaks Chamber Orchestra, is  a Houston, Texas based chamber orchestra founded in 2005 by Principal Oboist Alecia Lawyer. Now in its 13th season, as of April 26, 2017  the program includes classical music as well as compositions from contemporary composers (e.g. Carter Pann). The participating musicians represent outstanding players from the national professional community. Among the conductors are JoAnn Falletta,  Joel Smirnoff, Mei Ann Chen and Alastair Willis. ROCO performs occasionally without conductor.

Bibliography
 "Orchestra marks third season" by Arlene Nission Lassin, Houston Chronicle, July 16, 2008
 "Got Kids?" - Symphony Magazine, March April, 2008
 "River Oaks Chamber Orchestra leads without being led" by Charles Ward, Houston Chronicle, February 2, 2008
 "Multi-sensory music experiences for multi-generations" by Cynthia Lescalleet, Bellaire Examiner, November 9, 2007
 "It's never too early to develop an ear for music" by Tara Dooley, Houston Chronicle, November 6, 2007
 "River Oaks Chamber Orchestra's founder honored with Gutsy Gal Award" by Kim James, Houston Woman Magazine, July, 2007
 "Bringing Chamber Back: Alecia Lawyer for the Love of Music" by Chris Dunn, ArtsHouston, March 2007

References

External links
 Arts Houston, May 30, 2008
 
 
 River Oaks Chamber Orchestra website

Culture of Houston
Texas classical music
Music of Houston
Tourist attractions in Houston
Musical groups established in 2005
Orchestras based in Texas
River Oaks, Houston
Chem Widhya (born 6 December 1958 in Phnom-Penh, Cambodia) has been the ambassador of the Kingdom of Cambodia (rank of a minister since September 2009) to Germany, Cyprus (2009), Czech Republic, Malta (2008–2010), Poland, Slovenia, and then France (2016–2020).

Education 
Dr. Chem holds a Ph.D. degree in political science and a doctorate in political affairs from the Institute of International Relations in Potsdam, Germany.

Career 
Dr. Chem began his diplomatic career in 1990 with a two-year tenure as private secretary to Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen. He then became secretariat of Cambodia's Supreme National Council for two years, and then deputy secretary-general to Cambodia's Constituent Assembly. Since 1993 he has served as permanent secretary of Cambodia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. In 1996 he was appointed undersecretary of state, and then secretary of state in 1997.

In addition to his political appointments, Chem has also served on the board of directors of the Royal School of Administration since 1995, and on the board of directors of the Cambodia Development Resource Institute since 2000. In 2003 he was awarded the orders of Chevalier and Commandeur in the Royal Order of Mony Saraphoan. He was ambassador and permanent representative of Cambodia to the United Nations from 2004 to 2006. He was also non-resident ambassador of his country to Canada in from 2005 to 2006.

From 2007 to 2014, he was ambassador of Cambodia in the German Federal Republic. He was then ambassador of the Kingdom to the French Republic from 2016 to 2020.

References
United Nations Press Release: Chem Widhya

Living people
1958 births
Permanent Representatives of Cambodia to the United Nations
Ambassadors of Cambodia to Cyprus
Ambassadors of Cambodia to the Czech Republic
Ambassadors of Cambodia to Malta
Ambassadors of Cambodia to Poland
Ambassadors of Cambodia to Slovenia
Ambassadors of Cambodia to Germany
Government ministers of Cambodia
People from Phnom Penh
Hamido's Son () is a 1957 Egyptian comedy film directed by Fatin Abdel Wahab.

Cast
 Ismail Yassine as Hamido's son
 Hind Rostom as Aziza
 Ahmed Ramzy as Hassan
 Abd El Fatah El Quossary as Hanafi
 Zeinat Sedki as Hamida
 Tawfik El Deken as El Baz Afandi

See also
 Cinema of Egypt
 Lists of Egyptian films
 List of Egyptian films of the 1950s
 List of Egyptian films of 1953

References

External links
 
 Hamido's son on elcinema

1950s Arabic-language films
1957 films
1957 comedy films
Egyptian comedy films
Egyptian black-and-white films
Films directed by Fatin Abdel Wahab
Films shot in Egypt
Mission City  may refer to:
 Mission, British Columbia, once known as Mission City
 Mission City station, terminus of the West Coast Express
 Mission City, a fictional city situated in Nevada in the 2007 film Transformers
Gordon MacDonald (born 2 January 1960) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician. He has been the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Edinburgh Pentlands constituency since 2011.

Early life
MacDonald was born in Glasgow and educated at Cumbernauld High School, the Central College of Commerce and the Glasgow College of Technology. He worked as a management accountant for Lothian Buses from 1989 to 2011.

Political career
MacDonald contested the seat of Edinburgh Pentlands in the 2011 Scottish Parliament election, and defeated the Conservative incumbent David McLetchie by a margin of 1,758 votes. He was re-elected to the seat in the 2016 Scottish Parliament election.

Personal life

MacDonald is married to Janet Campbell, who lives in Broxburn and is the SNP Councillor for Broxburn, Uphall and Winchburgh (ward).

References

External links 
 
 Gordon MacDonald constituency website
 Local SNP website covering Gordon MacDonald's constituency, Edinburgh Pentlands

1960 births
Living people
Politicians from Glasgow
People from Cumbernauld
Alumni of Glasgow Caledonian University
Members of the Scottish Parliament 2011–2016
Scottish accountants
Scottish National Party MSPs
Members of the Scottish Parliament for Edinburgh constituencies
Members of the Scottish Parliament 2016–2021
Members of the Scottish Parliament 2021–2026
People educated at Cumbernauld Academy
Politicians from North Lanarkshire
Vishnevsky (; masculine), Vishnevskaya (; feminine), or Vishnevskoye (; neuter) is the name of two rural localities in Russia:
Vishnevsky, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Bolkhovsky District of Oryol Oblast
Vishnevsky, Bryansk Oblast, a settlement in Starodubsky District of Bryansk Oblast; abolished in 2010

References
NA-250 Karachi Central-IV () is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan that covers North Nazimabad.

Members of Parliament

2018-2023: NA-256 Karachi Central-IV

Election 2002 

General elections were held on 10 Oct 2002. Kanwar Khalid Younus of Muttahida Qaumi Movement won by 51,696 votes.

Election 2008 

General elections were held on 18 Feb 2008. Farhat Mohammad Khan of Muttahida Qaumi Movement won by 149,157 votes.

Election 2013 

General elections were held on 11 May 2013. Muhammad Rehan Hashmi of Muttahida Qaumi Movement won by 115,776 votes and became the member of National Assembly.

Election 2018 

General elections were held on 25 July 2018.

See also
NA-249 Karachi Central-III
NA-251 Killa Saifullah-cum-Zhob-cum-Sherani

References

External links 
Election result's official website

NA-245
Karachi
The North Branch Potomac River flows from Fairfax Stone in West Virginia to its confluence with the South Branch Potomac River near Green Spring, West Virginia, where it turns into the Potomac River proper.

Course 

From the Fairfax Stone, the North Branch Potomac River flows  to the man-made Jennings Randolph Lake, an impoundment designed for flood control and emergency water supply. Below the dam, the North Branch cuts a serpentine path through the eastern Allegheny Mountains. First, it flows northeast by the communities of Bloomington, Luke, and Westernport in Maryland and then on by Keyser, West Virginia to Cumberland, Maryland. At Cumberland, the river turns southeast.  downstream from its source, the North Branch is joined by the South Branch between Green Spring and South Branch Depot, West Virginia from whence it flows past Hancock, Maryland and turns southeast once more on its way toward Washington, D.C., and the Chesapeake Bay.

Water quality 

Historically, the North Branch had highly acidic water due to waste from coal mining and paper production in the region. In 1969, one measuring station recorded a pH of 2.3, comparable to lemon juice. This regularly killed wildlife across a  span. It was somewhat mitigated by the construction of the Bloomington Dam, which allowed for flow control based on density. The dam was constructed in 1981; by 1987, the pH had returned to the neutral range in some areas, but dissolved aluminum and manganese concentrations were still at toxic levels, which continued to impede full wildlife recovery. In 1990, Maryland installed lime dosers, devices which dispense alkaline lime into the river, to further mitigate acidity in problem spots. This was successful, and today fish can survive in the river again.

Tributaries 

 Stony River (West Virginia)
 Abram Creek (West Virginia)
 Savage River (Maryland)
 Georges Creek (Maryland)
 Laurel Run (Maryland)
 New Creek (West Virginia)
 Limestone Run (West Virginia)
 Warrior Run (Maryland)
 Wills Creek (Pennsylvania/Maryland)
 Brush Creek (Pennsylvania)
 Little Wills Creek (Pennsylvania)
 Evitts Creek (Maryland and Pennsylvania)
 Patterson Creek (West Virginia)
 Mill Creek (West Virginia)
 Dans Run (West Virginia)
 Green Spring Run (West Virginia)

References 

Rivers of West Virginia
Rivers of Maryland
Tributaries of the Potomac River
"Friends" is a song by American singer Amii Stewart, released as a single in 1984. The song contains backing vocals by Italian musician Mike Francis, who also wrote and composed the song. It did not initially appear on the 1984 album Try Love, except for the Dutch release, but was included on later pressings of the album. It was a hit in the UK, peaking at No. 12 on the UK Singles Chart. In the U.S., the song reached No. 46 on the Billboard Hot Black Singles chart in 1985.

References

1984 songs
1984 singles
Amii Stewart songs
Songs written by Mike Francis
RCA Records singles
Number-one singles in Italy
Italo disco songs