Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
Predictive controllers rely on optimum control systems theory and aim to solve a cost function minimization problem.  Predictive controllers are relatively easy to numerically implement but electronic power converters are non-linear time-varying dynamic systems, so a different approach to predictive must be taken.

Principles of non-linear predictive optimum control
The first step to designing a predictive controller is to derive a detailed direct dynamic model (including non-linearities) of the switching power converter. This model must contain enough detail of the converter dynamics to allow, from initial conditions, a forecast in real time and with negligible error, of the future behavior of the converter.

Sliding mode control of switching power converters chooses a vector to reach sliding mode as fast as possible (high switching frequency).

It would be better to choose a vector to ensure zero error at the end of the sampling period Δt.To find such a vector, a previous calculation can be made (prediction);

The converter has a finite number of vectors (states) and is usually non-linear: one way is to try all vectors to find the one that minimizes the control errors, prior to the application of that vector to the converter.

 Direct dynamics model-based predictive control (DDMBPC)

 Inverse dynamics optimum predictive control (IDOPC)

References 

Power supplies
Power electronics
Electric power conversion
Picture You Staring is the second studio album of Canadian indie group TOPS; Dazed debuted the album for streaming on August 28, 2014 before Arbutus Records released it to other formats on September 2, 2014. It was the fourth best album of 2014 according to Gorilla vs. Bear, the seventh best according to Dummy magazine, the 48th best per Stereogum, and 93rd as ranked by Crack Magazine.

References 

2014 albums
TOPS (band) albums
Arbutus Records albums
A low-surface-brightness galaxy, or LSB galaxy, is a diffuse galaxy with a surface brightness that, when viewed from Earth, is at least one magnitude lower than the ambient night sky.

Most LSBs are dwarf galaxies, and most of their baryonic matter is in the form of neutral gaseous hydrogen, rather than stars. They appear to have over 95% of their mass as non-baryonic dark matter. There appears to be little supernova (SN) activity in these galaxies, although LSB galaxy IC 217 hosted  2014cl.

Rotation curve measurements indicate an extremely high mass-to-light ratio, meaning that stars and luminous gas contribute only very little to the overall mass balance of an LSB. The centers of LSBs show no large overdensities in stars, unlike e.g. the bulges of normal spiral galaxies. Therefore, they seem to be dark-matter-dominated even in their centers, which makes them excellent laboratories for the study of dark matter.

In comparison to the high-surface-brightness galaxies, LSBs are mainly isolated field galaxies, found in regions devoid of other galaxies. In their past, they had fewer tidal interactions or mergers with other galaxies, which could have triggered enhanced star formation. This is an explanation for the small stellar content.

LSB galaxies were theorized to exist in 1976 by Mike Disney.

Giant low-surface-brightness galaxies
Giant low surface brightness (GLSB) galaxies are among the most massive known spiral galaxies in the Universe. They have very faint stellar disks that are very rich in neutral hydrogen but low in star formation and thus low in surface brightness. Such galaxies often have bright bulges that can host low luminosity active galactic nuclei. GLSB galaxies are usually isolated systems that rarely interact with other galaxies. The first LSB galaxy verified to exist was Malin 1, discovered in 1986. As such, it was also the first giant LSB galaxy identified. At the time of its discovery, it was the largest spiral galaxy known (by scale-length measurement).

UGC 1382 was previously thought to be an elliptical galaxy, but low-brightness spiral arms were later detected. UGC 1382 is much closer to Earth than Malin 1.

Examples 

 Andromeda V
  Pegasus Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy 

 IC 10
 NGC 45
 Eridanus II
 Malin 1
 Malin 2
 Phoenix Dwarf
 Sagittarius Dwarf Irregular Galaxy (SagDIG)
 Sextans A
 Sextans B

 Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte galaxy (WLM)
 UGC 477

See also
 Ultra diffuse galaxy

References

K. O'Neil, The HI Content and Extent of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies - Could LSB Galaxies be Responsible for Damped Ly-alpha Absorption?. For publication in Extragalactic Gas at Low Redshift, by Mulchaey, et al., eds (2001).
S.D. Rosenbaum and D.J. Bomans, The environment of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies. Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters, 422, 5-8 (2004).
A.J. Barth, A normal stellar disk in the galaxy Malin 1.   Astronomical Journal 133, 1085-1091 (2007).
The Sunbeam Manitou was an aero-engine produced by Sunbeam. Unsuccessful as an aero-engine, it is best known for having powered the Sunbeam 350HP racing car.

Development
The Manitou was a further development of the V-12 Maori III. Work on it began by Louis Coatalen in 1917. It used aluminium blocks rather than cast iron, cast in blocks of three cylinders, a typical Sunbeam feature. Bore was increased to 110 mm, but stroke remained at 135 mm. The banks were at a 60° vee, with twin overhead camshafts on each bank operating four valves per cylinder. There were two Claudel-Hobson carburettors and two British Thomson-Houston (BTH) ignition magnetos. For aircraft use a reduction gear was fitted. The engine developed 300 hp at 2,000 rpm, later increased to 325 hp.

Only one engine was produced before the end of the First World War, as the factory was busy with the vibration and other problems with the Arab engine, and it was very nearly cancelled. As was not unusual for a Sunbeam engine, it was only ever fitted to a single aircraft for trials, a Short 184 seaplane, and never went into production. After the war and Sunbeam's financial problems in the war-surplus glutted aero-engine market, they were offered to the less-critical powerboat market, again not an unusual move for Sunbeam. During the war 840 had been ordered, but only 13 were delivered before cancellation of the order.

Maple Leaf
Sunbeam saw the market in racing powerboats as a solution to the post-war glut and weak market. Four were fitted to the boat  'Maple Leaf V' .

Specifications (Manitou)

Sunbeam 350HP

The engine's only noteworthiness came when it was fitted to Sunbeam 350HP racing car in 1920. This car was later bought by Malcolm Campbell, set land speed records and was named to become one of Campbell's Blue Birds.

In typical Coatalen fashion, he redesigned the engine substantially even though this was just a one-off with no other likely sales. The twin-cam four-valve head was replaced by the single-cam three-valve head, possibly from the Arab. An increase in bore to 120 mm allowed space for these larger valves.

Another change affected the stroke, also a technique from the Arab, where it had been responsible for the engine's failure. A multi-cylinder V engine offers little length for connecting rods. Coatalen's usual solution was to use articulated connecting rods, where one rod runs on the crankshaft journal, but the other acts indirectly, through a journal on the other rod. The difficulty is that this gives a slightly different piston stroke for each bank, leading to unbalance and possible vibration problems, as with the Arab. Stroke was thus 135 mm on one bank and 142 mm on the other.

Specifications

References

Manitou
1910s aircraft piston engines
V12 aircraft engines
25 Carat (; ) is a 2008 Spanish thriller film directed by  which stars Francesc Garrido, Aida Folch, Manuel Morón, and Joan Massotkleiner. It features dialogue in Spanish and Catalan.

Plot 
Set in Barcelona, the plot follows former boxer turned debt collector Abel, who helps young thief Kay during one of the latter's criminal actions.

Cast

Production 
The film was produced by Icónica and Ovideo with the association of TVE and TVC. It features dialogue in Spanish and Catalan. Filming began on 14 January 2008. Shooting locations included Barcelona.

Release 
The film screened at the Tudela Film Festival in 2008. Distributed by Golem, the film bowed down in Spanish theatres on 24 April 2019.

Reception 
Jonathan Holland of Variety deemed the film to be "the real thing", in a Spanish cinema otherwise rarely throwing up thrillers worthy of the name.

 of El País deemed 25 Carat to be "a solid debut film that approaches with style and credibility a genre scarcely frequented [in Spain] such as film noir".

Sergio F. Pinilla of Cinemanía rated the film 3½ out of 5 stars deeming it to be "a blunt and dry thriller".

Accolades 

|-
| rowspan = "3" align = "center" | 2009 || rowspan = "3" | Málaga Film Festival || colspan = "2" | Best Film (Zonazine Section) ||  || rowspan = "3" | 
|-
| Best Actor (Zonazine Section) || Manuel Morón || 
|-
| Best Actress (Zonazine Section) || Aida Folch || 
|-
| align = "center" | 2010 || 11th New York International Latino Film Festival || Best Director || Patxi Amezcua ||  || align = "center" | 
|}

See also 
 List of Spanish films of 2009

References 

Spanish crime thriller films
2000s Catalan-language films
2000s Spanish-language films
2008 directorial debut films
Spanish neo-noir films
Films shot in Barcelona
2000s Spanish films
2008 thriller films
Films set in Barcelona
Markaughe () is a town in western Eritrea. It is located in the Gogne subregion of the Gash-Barka region, approximately 35 km northwest of Barentu.

Towns and villages
Nearby towns and villages include:

Ad Casub (5.7 nm)
Antalla
Gogne (11.2 nm)
Hambok (6.5 nm)
Mescul (8.3 nm)
Tauda (12.4 nm)

Populated places in Eritrea
Sabulopsocidae is a family of lice in the order Psocodea. There are at least two genera and two described species in Sabulopsocidae.

Genera
These two genera belong to the family Sabulopsocidae:
 Moapsocus Schmidt & New, 2004
 Sabulopsocus Smithers, 1969

References

Further reading

 
 
 

Psocomorpha
Aniocha North is a Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria, with its headquarters in Issele Ukwu. It comprises the Igbo subgroup of Anioma  and towns. The  National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) permanent orientation camp for Delta state is located at Issele Ukwu town. 
 
It has a land area of 406.00 km (40,600 hectares or 156.76 sq mi), with an alititude of 259 m (850 ft) above mean-sea level. Aniocha North Local Government Area experiences the Tropical savanna climate based on the Köppen's climate classification (Aw) and has a population of 104,711 according to the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 320.

Cities, Towns and Communities

 Anioma
 Ezi
 Idumuje-Ugboko
 Idumuje-Unor
 Idumuogo
 Isa-Ogwashi
 Issele-Azagba
 Issele Uku, LGA headquarters
 Issele-Mkpitime.
 Obior
 Obomkpa
 Onicha Olona
 Onicha-Ugbo
 Onicha-Uku (old name is Onicha-Ukwu)
 Ubulubu
 Ugboba
 Ugbodu
 Ugodor
 Ukwu-Nzu (also known as Eko-Efun)

References

 Aniocha North Progressives 

Local Government Areas in Delta State
A firing port, sometimes called a pistol port, is a small opening in armored vehicles, fortified structures like bunkers, or other armored equipment that allows small arms to be safely fired out of the vehicle at enemy infantry, often to cover vehicle or building blindspots.  Examples of this can be seen in the Crusader tank, Sherman tank, Tiger I, T-34-85, and even modern armored vehicles today such as the Mechanized Infantry Combat Vehicle (MICV) program, its successor the Bradley Fighting Vehicle (BFV) featuring the M231 Firing Port Weapon, and Russian armored personnel carriers.  Some firing ports are improvised for such use.  For example a late production Tiger I manual shows the Nahverteidigungswaffe being used as a firing port.

Some pistol ports, such as on the Sherman, included vision slits such as "protectoscopes" increasing visibility around the tank.

Ballistic weakspot
Being a ballistic weak spot, firing ports are often reinforced with additional armor, and in subsequent designs reduced in number (BFV), or deleted altogether (Sherman and Tiger I [January 1944]).  Other armor is improvised such as slat armor to stop shaped charges or chicken wire to stop grenades. 

However, due to strong crew demand, they are sometimes brought back, as happened with the Sherman.  This was in part due to its use during ammunition resupply in the Sherman, eliminating the need for an additional crew member to pass ammunition through the loader's hatch, instead of being able to simply pass the ammunition from the ground through the firing port.

One of the Tiger I's firing ports (right) was converted into a loader's escape hatch and the other covered with an armored plug and eventually deleted from the design to improve production time and reduce costs.

See also
 M231 Firing Port Weapon
 Krummlauf
 Nahverteidigungswaffe
 Embrasure
 Gun turret

References

Armoured vehicles
Military terminology
Dinies Camp is a univallate Iron Age hill fort enclosure in the Mendip district of Somerset, England. The hill fort is situated approximately  south-west from the village of Downhead. The hill fort is considered to be medieval as it is on the site of earlier earthwork.

Background

See also
List of hill forts and ancient settlements in Somerset

References

History of Somerset
Hill forts in Somerset
Iron Age sites in England
Scheduled monuments in Mendip District
Hordville is a village in Hamilton County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 144 at the 2010 census.

History
Hordville was platted in 1906 when the Union Pacific Railroad was extended to that point. It was named for T. B. Hord, a landowner. Hordville was incorporated as a village in 1916.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , all land.

Demographics

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 144 people, 64 households, and 41 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 70 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 99.3% White and 0.7% from two or more races.

There were 64 households, of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 35.9% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.76.

The median age in the village was 44 years. 20.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.3% were from 25 to 44; 34% were from 45 to 64; and 13.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 53.5% male and 46.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 150 people, 58 households, and 48 families residing in the village. The population density was . There were 68 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 98.67% White, and 1.33% from two or more races.

There were 58 households, out of which 41.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.2% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.2% were non-families. 15.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.0% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 154.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 129.8 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the village was $31,000, and the median income for a family was $40,000. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $17,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,390. About 10.9% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.8% of those under the age of 18 and none of those 65 and older.

References

External links
 Village of Hordville Webpage

Villages in Hamilton County, Nebraska
Villages in Nebraska
The Technical University of Oruro (), or UTO, is one of ten public universities in Bolivia. It is located in the city of Oruro.

The university was created on 15 October 1892 and was named Distrito Universitario de Oruro. It changed its name in 1937 to Universidad San Agustín and finally adopted its current name in 1941 under the dean, Josermo Murillo Vacarreza (1897–1987).

Engineering College 
One of UTO's most prestigious colleges is the "Facultad Nacional de Ingeniería" (National Engineering School).

Postgraduate and Scientific Research Office
The future vision of Technical University of Oruro is to obtain grant-supported projects in all of its academic research areas.

The postgraduate program amalgamates relevant scientific research in its doctoral programs, working with national and international academic researchers.  It aims to train scientists in critical and creative thinking, and to promote research in many scientific areas.

References

External links
Universidad Tecnica de Oruro home page (in Spanish)
Facultad Nacional de Ingeneria de Bolivia home page (in Spanish)

Universities in Bolivia
Educational institutions established in 1892
1892 establishments in Bolivia
Oruro
Giovanni Cucelli (born as Giovanni Kucel) (13 November 1916 – 29 April 1977) was an Italian tennis player. He played Davis Cup for Italy and formed a great doubles partnership with Marcello Del Bello. Because of World War 2, Cucelli was 30 by the time he made his Grand Slam debut at Wimbledon in 1947, where he lost in the third round to Jack Kramer. At Roland Garros (held just after Wimbledon) Cucelli beat veteran Jack Crawford and Robert Abdesselam before losing to defending champion Marcel Bernard in five sets in the quarter finals. At Roland Garros in 1948, Cucelli beat a young Frank Sedgman before losing to Frank Parker in the quarter finals. At Wimbledon Cucelli beat Jaroslav Drobny before losing to Tony Mottram in round three. At Roland Garros in 1949, Cucelli reached his third consecutive quarter final, where he lost to Budge Patty. At Wimbledon he beat Mottram before losing to Eric Sturgess in the last 16. At 1949 U.S. Championships, Cucelli lost in the second round to Sam Match. Cucelli lost in the last 16 of Roland Garros in 1950 to Patty.  After early exits at the French and Wimbledon in 1951, Cucelli reached the last 16 at Roland Garros in 1952, where he lost to Ken McGregor. He lost early at Wimbledon to Mottram. Cucelli lost his first match at Roland Garros in 1953 to Rex Hartwig. In 1955 Cucelli turned professional. Cucelli won a lot of tournaments during his career: Italian Riviera championships and Alassio in 1939, Napoli and Barcelona Christmas tournament in 1941, St. Moritz, French-Switzerland championships and Milan international in 1946, Swiss championships, Villars, Montana-Vermala, Viareggio and Rapallo in 1947, Milan international, Napoli, Rapallo, Montecatini and Barcelona Christmas tournament in 1948, San Remo in 1949, Lugano, Istanbul, Venice and Lugano Lido tournament in 1950, San Pellegrino and Viareggio in 1951 and Cava De Tirreni in 1952. He was runner up at Monte Carlo in 1948 to Jozsef Asboth and 1949 to Parker and runner up at Rome in 1951 (where he beat Patty before losing to Drobny).

References

1916 births
1977 deaths
Italian male tennis players
Sportspeople from Rijeka
Professional tennis players before the Open Era
20th-century Italian people
Denisse Fajardo García (born July 1, 1964 in Lima) is a retired Peruvian volleyball player and a three-time Olympian for her native country. She won the silver medal at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, after playing the Soviet Union in the final. She also competed at the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, where Peru reached the semi-finals and lost to the United States, and finally finished in fourth place. She was a member of the Peruvian team that won second place in the World Championship in 1982.

Career
Fajardo won the 1995 South American Club Championship gold medal playing with the Peruvian club Juventus Sipesa.

References

External links
 
 

1964 births
Living people
Peruvian women's volleyball players
Olympic volleyball players for Peru
Volleyball players at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Volleyball players at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Volleyball players at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medalists for Peru
Sportspeople from Lima
Olympic medalists in volleyball
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Pan American Games medalists in volleyball
Pan American Games silver medalists for Peru
Pan American Games bronze medalists for Peru
Volleyball players at the 1983 Pan American Games
Volleyball players at the 1987 Pan American Games
Volleyball players at the 1991 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1983 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1987 Pan American Games
Medalists at the 1991 Pan American Games
20th-century Peruvian women
Dein Keagborekuzi I (born Benjamin Keagborekuzi Ikenchuku Gbenoba on 29 June 1977) is the Dein of Agbor kingdom, a Nigerian traditional state in Delta State, Nigeria. He was named the world's youngest crowned monarch in the 1980 edition of the Guinness Book of World Records. He was the Chancellor of the University of Ilorin (2006-2015).

The Dein of Agbor was awarded Commander of the Order of the Niger, CON by President Muhammadu Buhari along with other 5 Ika Sons. The Dein is well read, and intellectually versatile.

Early life, kingship education
Keagborekuzi I was born on June 29, 1977, in Agbor, Bendel State (now part of Delta State), Nigeria, to Obi Ikenchukwu I and Queen Grace Ikenchukwu (née Isedeh). His father's join his ancestors, on April 29, 1979. In 1979, after the unexpected demise of his father at age two and a half, he was crowned as the child king of the kingdom of Agbor. His name, Keagborekuzi means, "What is Agbor saying again?" The young crowned king was thereafter flown to United kingdom in 1981 and  where for about the first twenty years of his life, he remained. To govern the kingdom, a regent reigned in his stead until 2001 when he returned to take over the governance of the monarchy. His 42nd birthday on Saturday June 25, 2019, was celebrated amidst pleasantries and praises from the Agbor people

In 2003, he helped resolve a dispute between two enemies, the Agbor-Obi Youth Movement and the police.

He was present with other monarchs of his home state who met in February 2020 to place a ban on herdsmen activities in their domains following attacks in the area by the herdsmen.

In March 2020, he told Daily Times Nigeria that his chiefdom would partner with the NAPTIP to end trafficking in persons in his domain.

References

External links 
 University of Ilorin
 HRM Benjamin Ikenchuku Keagborekuzi I, Dein of Agbor on Masterpiece

People from Delta State
1977 births 
Living people

Monarchs in Africa 
Nigerian traditional rulers
The Portuguese word crioulo (crioula, crioulos, crioulas) may refer to:

 In Brazil, a person of African ancestry
 A creole language, especially one of the Portuguese-based creole languages
 Criollo horse, also known as a crioulo horse.
 Crioulo cattle, Brazilian Criollo cattle breeds

See also
 Creole (disambiguation)
 Criollo (disambiguation)