Samantha912/NLP_A2_WTH huggingface dataset:
The  is a Commuter Limited Express train service operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) between  and  or  in Japan since June 2003. It replaced the previous Biwako Liner services.

Service pattern
, one weekday morning service (Biwako Express 1) runs from  to , and two weekday evening services (Biwako Express 2 & 4) run from Osaka to  and Maibara respectively, with the journey time from Osaka to Maibara taking approximately 1 hour 25 minutes.

Rolling stock 
 683 series 9-car EMU sets
 KiHa 189 series 3-car DMU (since March 2014)

Services were initially operated using the nine-car 681 series or 683 series EMUs used on Thunderbird services.

Formations

Biwako Express 1 and 4
Biwako Express 1 and 4 (between Osaka and Maibara) are formed as follows, with car 1 at the Maibara end.

Biwako Express 2 
Biwako Express 2 (Osaka to Kusatsu) is formed as follows, with car 1 at the Osaka end.

 All cars are standard class and no-smoking.
 Trains run as 6-car formations during busy periods.

History
The Biwako Express service was introduced from 2 June 2003.

The service was made entirely no-smoking from 1 June 2009.

The service start calling at Minami-Kusatsu Station, all seats become reserved from 13 March 2021.

See also
 List of named passenger trains of Japan

References

External links
 JR West 683 series Biwako Express 
 JR West KiHa 189 series Biwako Express 

Named passenger trains of Japan
West Japan Railway Company
Railway services introduced in 2003
2003 establishments in Japan
Plant pathology has developed from antiquity, but scientific study began in the Early modern period and developed in the 19th century.

Early history
300–286 BC; Theophrastus, father of botany, wrote and studied diseases of trees, cereals and legumes

17th century
1665; Robert Hooke illustrates a plant-pathogenic fungal disease, rose rust
1675; Antony van Leeuwenhoek invents the compound microscope, in 1683 describes bacteria seen with the microscope

18th century
1729; Pier Antonio Micheli observes fungal spores, conducts germination experiments
1755; Mathieu Tillet reports on treatment of seeds

19th century
1802; Lime sulfur first used to control plant disease
1845–1849; Potato late blight epidemic in Ireland
1853; Heinrich Anton de Bary, father of modern mycology, establishes that fungi are the cause, not the result, of plant diseases, publishes "Untersuchungen uber die Brandpilze"
1858; Julius Kühn publishes "Die Krankheiten der Kultergewachse"
1865; M. Planchon discovers a new species of Phylloxera, which was named Phylloxera vastatrix.
1868–1882; Coffee rust epidemic in Sri Lanka
1871; Thomas Taylor publishes the first USDA papers on microscopic plant pathogens
1875; Mikhail Woronin identified the cause of clubroot as a "plasmodiophorous organism" and gave it the name Plasmodiophora brassicae
1876; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, responsible for Panama disease, discovered in bananas in Australia
1878–1885; Downy mildew of grape epidemic in France
1879; Robert Koch establishes germ theory: diseases are caused by microorganisms
1882; Lehrbuch der Baumkrankheiten (Textbook of Diseases of Trees), by Robert Hartig, is published in Berlin, the first textbook of forest pathology.
1885; Bordeaux mixture introduced by Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet to control downy mildew on grape
1885; Experimental proof that bacteria can cause plant diseases: Erwinia amylovora and fire blight of apple
1886–1898; Recognition of plant viral diseases: Tobacco mosaic virus
1889; Introduction of hot water treatment of seed for disease control by J. L. Jensen

20th century
1902; First chair of plant pathology established, in Copenhagen
1904; Mendelian inheritance of cereal rust resistance demonstrated
1907; First academic department of plant  pathology established at Cornell University
1908; American Phytopathological Society founded
1910; Panama disease reaches Western Hemisphere
1911; Scientific journal Phytopathology founded
1925; Panama disease reaches every banana-growing country in the Western Hemisphere
1951; European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) founded
1967; Recognition of plant pathogenic mycoplasma-like organisms
1971; T. O. Diener discovers viroids, organisms smaller than viruses

References

Economic botany
Historical timelines
Phytopathology
Richard D. Taylor (born April 5, 1931) is a former Iowa State Representative from the 53rd and 33rd Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 2000 to 2009. He resigned in October 2009 because of family health concerns.

Prior to serving in the Iowa House, Taylor served in the United States Navy and was an electrician. Taylor served on the Robins, Iowa City Council.

During his last term in office, Taylor served on several committees in the Iowa House - the Commerce, Local Government, and Veterans Affairs committees.  He also served on the Natural Resources Committee, where he was vice chair, and on the Justice System Appropriations Subcommittee.  Earlier in his term, until November 2007, he served as vice chair of the Veterans Affairs Committee.

Taylor was first elected to House District 53 in a January 4, 2000 special election following fellow Democrat Kay Chapman's resignation.  The unusual, early date of the election meant that voter registration deadline was on Christmas and the county auditor's office had to be open on New Year's Day (both public holidays).  After the district lines were redrawn for the 2002 election, he represented the new District 53.  He resigned from office on October 14, 2009 and was succeeded by fellow Democrat Kirsten Running-Marquardt.

Electoral history
*incumbent

References

External links

 Taylor on Project Vote Smart
 Taylor's Capitol Web Address

Iowa city council members
Democratic Party members of the Iowa House of Representatives
People from Algona, Iowa
Politicians from Cedar Rapids, Iowa
1931 births
Living people
The 1928 Korvpalli Meistriliiga was the 3rd season of the Estonian basketball league.

A single game was held on 1 April 1928 with Tallinna Vitjas defeating Tallinna NMKÜ 42–22.

References

External links
 Official website 

Korvpalli Meistriliiga seasons
1928 in basketball
1928 in Estonian sport
Lessonia may refer to:
 Lessonia (alga), a genus in the family Lessoniaceae
 Lessonia (bird), a genus in the family Tyrannidae
 Lessonia, a synonym for Aglaura, a genus of hydrozoans
Lieutenant General Roberto Nordio is an Italian Air Force officer, currently serving as Deputy Chief of the General Staff.

Nordio served as commander of the NATO Deployable Air Command and Control Centre from 2013 to 2015 before being appointed deputy commander of the Italian Joint Operations Headquarters.

Nordio was appointed Deputy Chief of the Defence General Staff on 30 March 2016.

References

1958 births
Italian Air Force generals
Living people
Alina Viktorivna Lohvynenko (; born 18 July 1990) is a Ukrainian athlete who specialises in the sprints.

Career
Lohvynenko won the gold medal at the 2012 European Athletics Championships in Helsinki at the 4 × 400 metres relay.

She competed in the women's 400 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics, and the  relay at the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics.

Her personal best in the 400 metres is 51.19 seconds (Yalta 2012).

References

 

1990 births
Living people
People from Bakhmut
Ukrainian female sprinters
Olympic athletes for Ukraine
Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics
European Athletics Championships medalists
Sportspeople from Donetsk Oblast
Athletes (track and field) at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Olympic female sprinters
21st-century Ukrainian women
21st-century Ukrainian people
Olympic bronze medalists for Ukraine
Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)
Hendrick Moyo (born 9 May 1989) is a Botswana football striker who currently plays for Police XI.

References

1989 births
Living people
Botswana men's footballers
Extension Gunners FC players
Gilport Lions F.C. players
Orapa United F.C. players
Gaborone United S.C. players
Botswana Police XI SC players
Botswana men's international footballers
Men's association football forwards
People from Central District (Botswana)
Denhari () or Dehari() is a traditional earthen vessel used to store food grains by Tharu people of Nepal. It is made by using loamy clay, paddy straw and rice husk and has a round, rectangular or conical shapes. It is mostly made by females and mostly used to store paddy, wheat, rice, maize, lentils, peas and mustard seeds.

The vessel is also an integral part of religious festival and cultural activities. There is a tradition of breaking a special Denhari called Pataha Denhari during the marriage of daughter and the food grains stored in it is given to her.

It is believed that the grains stored in Denhari does not decay or get infested with insects. Among the Tharu community, Denhari is never kept empty as it would be a bad omen.

References

Tharu culture
"Silver Stallion" is a song written by Lee Clayton and originally released by him on his 1978 album Border Affair.

Track listing

The Highwaymen version 

The song was later covered by Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Johnny Cash, and Kris Kristofferson and became the opening track of their 1990 album Highwayman 2. Released in 1990 as a lead single (Columbia 38-73233, with "American Remains" on the opposite side) from the album, the song peaked at number 25 on U.S. Billboard country chart for the week of April 28.

Track listing

Charts

References

External links 
 "Silver Stallion" on the Johnny Cash official website

Lee Clayton songs
The Highwaymen (country supergroup) songs
Waylon Jennings songs
Willie Nelson songs
Johnny Cash songs
Kris Kristofferson songs
Songs written by Lee Clayton
Song recordings produced by Chips Moman
1978 songs
1990 singles
Columbia Records singles
Vocal collaborations
In Carnatic music, Neraval also known as  Niraval or Sahitya Vinyasa is the elaboration and improvisation of melody for a particular line. Usually, just one or two lines of text from the song (from the charanam part of the kriti) are sung repeatedly, but with improvised elaborations. This elaboration remains within the framework of the original patterns of duration (talam), and each word in the lines of text stay set within their original place (idam) in the tala cycle. The lines are then also played at different levels of speed which can include double speed, triple speed, quadruple speed and even sextuple speed. The neraval is one of the features in the extempore improvisation aspect (Manodharma Sangita) of Carnatic music, and is intended to highlight the Raga bhava effectively. It is usually performed by the more advanced performers.

Examples 

Examples of Krithis containing lines best suited for neraval:

Vathapi Ganapathim in Hamsadhwani at "Pranava Swarupa Vakratundam"
 Balagopala in Bhairavi at "Neela neeradha shareera dheerathara",
Entara Nithana in Harikambhoji at "Sheshudu Shivuniki Bushudu Lakshmana",
Nidhichaala Sukhama in Kalyani (raga) at "Mamathabandhanayutha Narasthuthi Sukhama?" or "Sumathi Thyagaraja Keerthana Sukhama?"
O Rangasayee in Kambhoji at "Bhuloka Vaikuntam ithiyani",
Ennaganu Ramabhajana in Kamavardhini at "Rama Chiluka Nokata Penchi Prema Matalalada Nerpi",
Raghuvara Nannu in Kamavardhini at "Manasuna Niki"
Pakkala Nilabadi in Kharaharapriya at " Tanuvurce vandana mona ninchuchu nara" or "Manasuna"
Palinchu Kamakshi in Madhyamavati at "Kanthamagu Peru Pondhithivi Kaarunyamurthivai jagamu",
Rama Rama Gunaseema in Simhendramadhyamam at "Munimaanasa dhama Mrughamatha Sulalama",
Rama nee Samanamevaru in Kharaharapriya at "Paluku palukulaku tene"
Saroja Dhala Netri in Sankarabharanam at "Sama Gana Vinodhini gunadhama Shyamakrishnanuthe",
Shambho Mahadeva in Kamavardhini at "Shambho Mahadeva Sharanagathajana rakshaka",
Jagadoddharana in Kapi at "Purandara Vithalana"
 Narayana Ninna Namada in Shuddha Dhanyasi at "Ento Purandaravithalarayana"
 Sri Venkateshwara'' in Thodi at "Maarajanakam Madhavanamakam",

Notes

References 
 
 Viswanathan, T. & Cormack, Jody (1998). In

See also 
 Glossary of Carnatic music

Carnatic music
Carnatic music terminology
Robert Peter Macaluso Jr. (born April 16, 1964) is an American college baseball coach who is currently an assistant coach at the University of the Pacific.

Early life and education
Born in Reading, Massachusetts, Macaluso played college baseball at Springfield College and graduated in 1987 with a Bachelor of Science degree in physical education. He later completed a master's degree in physical education at Springfield in 1998.

Coaching career
Macaluso was pitching coach at Melrose High School in Melrose, Massachusetts from 1989 to 1992 and head varsity coach at Weston High School in Weston, Massachusetts from 1993 to 1996. Macaluso also coached an American Legion Baseball team in Reading, Massachusetts from 1988 to 1997. Future major leaguer Jason Bere was among his players.

After two seasons back at Springfield as an assistant in 1997 and 1998, he became head coach at Muhlenberg for eight seasons.  He then became an assistant for Cal State Los Angeles for two seasons, then UC Irvine for six seasons.  While with the Anteaters, UC Irvine reached the 2014 College World Series.  He then became an assistant at Cal State Bakersfield for one season before ascending to the top job.

From 2003-2008, Macaluso managed the Brewster Whitecaps, a collegiate summer baseball team in the prestigious Cape Cod Baseball League.

After he went 19–37 in his only season as head coach, Cal State Bakersfield fired Macaluso in December 2016.

In September 2017, Macaluso joined the staff of Ryan Garko at the University of the Pacific as a volunteer assistant coach.

Head coaching record

References

1964 births
Living people
Baseball players from Massachusetts
Cal State Bakersfield Roadrunners baseball coaches
Cal State Los Angeles Golden Eagles baseball coaches
Cape Cod Baseball League coaches
High school baseball coaches in the United States
Muhlenberg Mules baseball coaches
Pacific Tigers baseball coaches
People from Reading, Massachusetts
Sportspeople from Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Springfield Pride baseball coaches
Springfield Pride baseball players
UC Irvine Anteaters baseball coaches
Åbo IFK (or ÅIFK for short) is a sports club from Turku, Finland. The club was founded in 1908, and originally represented the Swedish-speaking minority of Turku/Åbo.

Background
The greatest successes of ÅIFK have come in football where it has won three Finnish championship titles, in 1910, 1920 and 1924. It has played a total of 9 seasons in the Finnish premier division Mestaruussarja, the last occasion in 1967. It also won the Finnish Cup in 1965 and participated in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in the 1966–67 season, going out in the first round. Currently the ÅIFK football team is playing in the third tier Kakkonen.

ÅIFK has also fared well in handball with both its men's and women's teams playing at the national top level at the moment.

Currently the club has activities in football, handball, athletics and bowling.

The highest ever attendance for a ÅIFK match was in 1967 when 5,861 people attended the home game with Turun Palloseura.

Football honours
Finnish Championship:
Winners (3): 1910, 1920, 1924
Runners-up (5): 1911, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917
Finnish Cup:
Winners (1): 1965 (ÅIFK – TPS 1–0)

Divisional movements since 1930
Top Level (9 seasons):   1930, 1932–35, 1963–65, 1967
Second Level (13 seasons):   1931, 1936, 1938–39, 1943/44-45, 1961–62, 1966, 1968–70, 2000
Third Level (34 seasons):   1937, 1940–1941, 1945–1949, 1952, 1954–1960, 1971, 1986, 1988–89, 1991, 1994–96, 1998–99, 2001, 2008–2015
Fourth Level (31 seasons) :   1950–1951, 1953, 1972–1982, 1985, 1987, 1990, 1992–1993, 1997, 2002–2007, 2016 to current
Fifth Level (2 seasons) :   1983-1984

Season to season

9 season in Mestaruussarja
13 season in Ykkönen
34 seasons in Kakkonen
31 seasons in Kolmonen
2 seasons in Nelonen

Club structure
ÅIFK runs 2 men's teams, 1 veteran's teams, 7 boys teams, 1 ladies team, 4 girls teams and a Footballschool for girls.

2010 season
For the current season Åbo IFK are competing in Section B of the Kakkonen. This is the third tier of the Finnish football system. In 2009 the team finished in ninth position in their Kakkonen section.

Åbo IFK 2 are participating in the Nelonen administered by the Turku SPL. This team has taken over a club called Goose Park Rangers FC that competed at this level in 2009.

Åbo IFK 3 are competing in the Vitonen administered by the Turku SPL. Last season Åbo IFK 2 were promoted to this level from the Kutonen.

References

External links
Official website 
 Suomen Cup

Football clubs in Finland
Sport in Turku
Association football clubs established in 1908
Bandy clubs established in 1908
1908 establishments in Finland
Defunct bandy clubs in Finland
Multi-sport clubs in Finland
Swedish-speaking population of Finland
The Peruvian horse sickness virus (PHSV) is a cause of the neurological disorder Peruvian horse sickness resulting in encephalitis in horses and other livestock. The disease has significantly affected livestock in areas of Peru and has also been documented in northern Australia.

History
Peruvian horse sickness was described in 1997 when an unexpected number of deaths in horses occurred during the rainy season in Peru. The cause of death in most affected horses was complications due to encephalitis. One of the viruses collected from horses that died of the disease was named Peruvian horse sickness virus (PHSV). The 1997 outbreak was considered an epizootic outbreak that involved a variety of domestic animals including horses, cattle, donkeys, and sheep. PHSV was also isolated from horses showing similar clinical signs in 1999 in the Northern Territory of Australia, though the Australian isolate was called Elsey virus until it was determined to likely be the same species as PHSV.

Epidemiology
Animals can contract the virus from infected mosquitoes. The virus has been isolated from Aedes serratus, Anopheles albimanus, and Psorophora ferox. The epidemiology of the virus is poorly characterized. Symptoms in horses include fever over 39 °C, anorexia, reduced motor coordination, neck stiffness, teeth grinding, and sagging jaw. Horses typically die 8–11 days after clinical signs present. Approximately 79% of horses that contracted the disease in the 1997 Peru outbreak died, and survivors took about three months to recover.

References

Orbiviruses
Animal viral diseases
Ancaster railway station serves the village of Ancaster in Lincolnshire, England. The station is  north of Grantham on the Nottingham to Skegness Line.

The station is now owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway who provide all rail services.

It still has a working signal box at west end of the station, however is regarded as unstaffed and offers limited facilities other than two shelters, bicycle storage, timetables and modern 'Help Points'. The full range of tickets for travel are purchased from the guard on the train at no extra cost, there are no retail facilities at this station.

History
Opened by the Boston, Sleaford and Midland Counties Railway, then run by the Great Northern Railway, it became part of the London and North Eastern Railway during the Grouping of 1923. The station then passed on to the Eastern Region of British Railways on nationalisation in 1948.

When Sectorisation was introduced in the 1980s, the station was served by Regional Railways until the Privatisation of British Railways.

Services
As of December 2015 there are four daily services in both directions which run to  and , with three services on a Saturday. There are no Sunday services.  A Normal service operates on most Bank holidays.

References

External links

 Station on navigable O.S. map.

Railway stations in Lincolnshire
DfT Category F2 stations
Former Great Northern Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1857
Railway stations served by East Midlands Railway
1857 establishments in England
Home Sweet Home is the debut album by British rapper Kano. It was released on 27 June 2005 by 679 Recordings. Kano was 20 years old when the album was released. The album received highly positive reviews from music critics and peaked at number 36 on the UK Albums Chart. Six singles were released from the album— "P's and Q's", "Typical Me" featuring Ghetts, "Remember Me", "Nite Nite" featuring Leo the Lion & The Streets, "Brown Eyes" and "Signs in Life". Two of the singles, "Typical Me" and "Nite Nite", peaked within the top 30 of the UK Singles Chart.

Critical reception

The album received widespread acclaim, At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 82, based on 12 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".

Commercial performance 
Home Sweet Home entered and peaked on the UK Albums Chart at number 36 on 3 July 2005. It is Kano's third highest-charting album of his career, after London Town (2007) and Made in the Manor (2016). Despite its relatively low peak, it is his highest-selling album, having reached Gold status in the UK, while the aforementioned two albums have thus far reached Silver status.

Track listing 

Sample credits
 "I Don't Know Why" contains samples from "War Pigs" by Black Sabbath.
 "Reload It" contains samples from "I Dig Love" by Asha Puthli

Personnel 
Credits for Home Sweet Home adapted from Allmusic.

 Kano – primary artist, composer
 Dick Beetham – mastering
 Dan Stacey – A&R
 Ben Sansbury – Art direction, design
 Mike Skinner – producer, arranger, mixing
 Fraser T. Smith – producer, guitar, mixing
 Paul Epworth – producer, guitar
 Joe Fields – producer, mixing

 D Double E - featured artist
 Leo the Lion – primary artist
 Josh Garza – drums
 Leo Bubba Taylor – drums
 Beni G – scratching
 Simon Finch – trumpet
 James Moriarty – photography

Charts

Certifications

References

2005 debut albums
Kano (rapper) albums
679 Artists albums
Albums produced by Fraser T. Smith
Lampedusa melitensis (common name: Maltese door-snail) is a species of small, very elongate, left-handed air-breathing land snail, a sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Clausiliidae, the door snails, all of which have a clausilium.

This species is endemic to Malta and only known from a single locality on the western coastal cliffs.

References

Lampedusa (gastropod)
Endemic fauna of Malta
Molluscs of Europe
Gastropods described in 1892
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
The 18421 / 18422 Puri - Ajmer Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways East Coast Railway zone that run between  and  in India.

Service 
It operates as train number 18421 from Puri to Ajmer Junction and as train number 18422 in the reverse direction, serving the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh & Odisha . The train covers the distance of  in 48 hours 02 mins approximately at a speed of ().

Coaches

The 18421 / 22 Puri–Ajmer Junction  Express has one AC 2-tier,  three AC 3-tier, nine sleeper class, seven general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It carries a pantry car.

As with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

Route & Halts
The train runs from Puri via , , , , , , , , ,,, , , , , , ,  to Ajmer Junction.

Traction
As this route is going to be electrified, a Vadodara / Visakhapatnam based WAP-7 electric locomotive pulls the train from  up to , then a Bhagat Ki Kothi based WDP-4 / WDP-4B / WDP-4D diesel locomotive pulls the train to its destination i.e, .

References

External links
18421 Puri Ajmer Junction Express at India Rail Info
18422 Ajmer Junction Puri Express at India Rail Info

Express trains in India
Rail transport in Rajasthan
Rail transport in Gujarat
Rail transport in Maharashtra
Rail transport in Chhattisgarh
Rail transport in Odisha
Transport in Puri
Transport in Ajmer