Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

context: The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States. There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States, as well as six million Spanish language students. Together, this makes the United States of America the second largest Hispanophone country in the world after Mexico, and with the United States having more Spanish-speakers than Colombia and Spain (but fewer first language speakers). Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census.
qas: answers: text: There are 45 million Hispanophones who speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States,
question: How many people speak Spanish as a first or second language in the United States?

answers: text: Roughly half of all American Spanish-speakers also speak English "very well," based on their self-assessment in the U.S. Census.
question: How many Hispanics speak English too?

answers: text: Spanish is the Romance language and the Indo-European language with the largest number of native speakers in the world.
question: What type of language id Spanish?

answers: text: The Spanish language is the second most spoken language in the United States.
question: What other language is often spoken in the United states?

answers: text: six million Spanish language students.
question: How many Spanish speaking students are there in the United States?

context: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.
qas: answers: text: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries
question: How old is the Spanish language in the United States?

answers: text: The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states
question: Where in the United States did the Spanish explore?

answers: text: western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800,
question: Were there states ruled by the Spanish?

answers: text: Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California.
question: Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States?

answers: text: after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.
question: Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers?

context: Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America. Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513. In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States. The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico, where Juan Ponce De León was its first governor
qas: answers: text: Spanish arrived in the territory of the modern United States with Ponce de León in 1513.
question: When did the Spanish arrive to America?

answers: text: Spanish was the language spoken by the first permanent European settlers in North America.
question: Did Europeans speak Spanish in America?

answers: text: the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida
question: How was St. Augustine founded?

answers: text: St. Augustine, Florida
question: Where is the oldest settlement in America?

answers: text: The oldest city in all of the U.S. territory, as of 1898, is San Juan, capital of Puerto Rico
question: What is the oldest city of the United States territory?

context: In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas. A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836, the now largely "American" Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico and established the Republic of Texas. In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state. Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people (both Mexicans and non-Spanish European settlers who include German Texan) who were outnumbered (six-to-one) by English-speaking settlers (both Americans and other immigrant Europeans).[citation needed]
qas: answers: text: In 1821, after Mexico's War of Independence from Spain, Texas was part of the United Mexican States as the state of Coahuila y Tejas
question: Was Texas a part of Mexico?

answers: text: A large influx of Americans soon followed, originally with the approval of Mexico's president. In 1836
question: When did the Americans come to Texas?

answers: text: Texans, fought a war of independence from the central government of Mexico
question: Was there a war between the Mexicans and the Texans?

answers: text: In 1846, the Republic dissolved when Texas entered the United States of America as a state.
question: When did Texas become a state?

answers: text: Per the 1850 U.S. census, fewer than 16,000 Texans were of Mexican descent, and nearly all were Spanish-speaking people
question: Was Texas a primarily a Spanish speaking state?

context: After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain also, California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California and most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory led to New Mexican Spanish differing notably from both Spanish spoken in other parts of the United States of America and Spanish spoken in the present-day United Mexican States.
qas: answers: text: California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California
question: What states made up of Alta California

answers: text: After the Mexican War of Independence from Spain
question: When did other states become part of Mexico?

answers: text: most of New Mexico, western Texas, southern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, and Oklahoma panhandle were part of the territory of Santa Fe de Nuevo México
question: What states were part of Santa Fe de Nuevo

answers: text: The geographical isolation and unique political history of this territory
question: Why is  there still Bilingual  spoken in these states?

context: Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.
qas: answers: text: Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law
question: Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking?

answers: text: United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did.
question: Is Canada bilingual?

answers: text: California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish,
question: Was California a bilingual state?

answers: text: the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English
question: Why didn't California officially become  bilingual?

answers: text: the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.
question: Was there a court ruling?

context: For decades, the U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English, to the extent of making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools. It was completely unsuccessful, and retreated from that policy in 1948. Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island was already home to nearly a million people at the time of the U.S. takeover, all of those spoke Spanish, and the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier.
qas: answers: text: U.S. federal government strenuously tried to force Puerto Ricans to adopt English
question: Did America try to make Puerto Rico an English speaking territory?

answers: text: making them use English as the primary language of instruction in their high schools.
question: How did America try to make Puerto Rico's language English?

answers: text: It was completely unsuccessful,
question: Was English in Puerto Rico successful?

answers: text: the territory was never hit with a massive influx of millions of English speakers like the vast territory acquired from Mexico 50 years earlier.
question: Does Puerto Rico have many English speaking residents?

answers: text: Puerto Rico was able to maintain its Spanish language, culture, and identity because the relatively small, densely populated island
question: How did Puerto Rico stay a Spanish speaking territory?

context: At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups, Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish, but millions of Puerto Rican Americans living in the U.S. mainland nonetheless are fluent in Spanish. Puerto Ricans are natural-born U.S. citizens, and many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States, increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii, where Puerto Rican farm laborers and Mexican ranchers have settled since the late 19th century, 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both.
qas: answers: text: At over 5 million, Puerto Ricans are easily the 2nd largest Hispanic group. Of all major Hispanic groups
question: How many Puerto Ricans are there?

answers: text: increasing the Spanish-speaking populations and in some areas being the majority of the Hispanophone population, especially in Central Florida. In Hawaii
question: Does Florida have a high Hispanic population?

answers: text: Puerto Ricans are the least likely to be proficient in Spanish
question: Do they speak Spanish fluently?

answers: text: 7.0 per cent of the islands' people are either Hispanic or Hispanophone or both.
question: Are Hispanics in Hawaii?

answers: text: many Puerto Ricans have migrated to New York City, Orlando, Philadelphia, and other areas of the Eastern United States
question: Where are the biggest population of Puerto Ricans on the mainland?

context: Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States, hence there are some one million Cubans in the United States, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States; most are fluent in Spanish. In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration.
qas: answers: text: Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability
question: Why did Cubans come to the United States?

answers: text: The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States
question: What year did most Cubans start coming to America?

answers: text: most are fluent in Spanish
question: Do Cubans speak Spanish in America?

answers: text: , most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States
question: Where do most Cuban Americans live?

answers: text: In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration.
question: Is there a particular place where Cubans live and speak Spanish in the U.S.?

context: Likewise the migration of Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans also began as a result of political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s. The uprising of the Sandinista revolution which toppled the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 caused many Nicaraguans to migrate particularly from those opposing the Sandinistas. Throughout the 1980s with the United States supported Contra War (or Contra-revolutionary war) which continued up until 1988, and the economic collapse of the country many more Nicaraguans migrated to the United States amongst other countries. The states of the United States where most Nicaraguans migrated to include Florida, California and Texas.
qas: answers: text: Spanish-speaking Nicaraguans
question: What other Spanish Speaking people come to America?

answers: text: political instability during the end of the 1970s and the 1980s
question: Why did the Nicaraguans come to America?

answers: text: Throughout the 1980s with the United States supported Contra War (or Contra-revolutionary war) which continued up until 1988
question: When did the Nicaraguans arrive?

answers: text: The states of the United States where most Nicaraguans migrated to include Florida, California and Texas.
question: Where did Nicaraguans settle in America?

answers: text: the economic collapse of the country many more Nicaraguans migrated to the United States amongst other countries.
question: Was there a specific reason many Nicaraguans fled to the U.S.?

context: The exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems. The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s, in which 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escaped headed to the United States, which was already home to over 10,000 Salvadorans, making Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group, after the Mexican-American majority, stateside Puerto Ricans, and Cubans.
qas: answers: text: The exodus of Salvadorans was a result of both economic and political problems.
question: Why did Salvadorans come to America?

answers: text: The largest immigration wave occurred as a result of the Salvadoran Civil War in the 1980s
question: When did Salvadorans come to America?

answers: text: 20–30% of El Salvador's population emigrated. About 50%, or up to 500,000 of those who escaped headed to the United States,
question: How many Salvadorans immigrated?

answers: text: United States, which was already home to over 10,000 Salvadorans, making Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group
question: What is the population of Salvadorans living in America?

answers: text: Salvadorans Americans the fourth-largest Hispanic and Latino American group, after the Mexican-American majority, stateside Puerto Ricans, and Cubans.
question: Where do Salvadorans fall on the scale for Hispanic living in America?

context: As civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s, hundreds of thousands of Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990, the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,000 to 465,000. The number of Salvadoran immigrants in the United States continued to grow in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of family reunification and new arrivals fleeing a series of natural disasters that hit El Salvador, including earthquakes and hurricanes. By 2008, there were about 1.1 million Salvadoran immigrants in the United States.
qas: answers: text: civil wars engulfed several Central American countries in the 1980s
question: Why did Central Americans flee to the U.S.?

answers: text: Salvadorans fled their country and came to the United States. Between 1980 and 1990
question: When did Salvadorans flee 

answers: text: the Salvadoran immigrant population in the United States increased nearly fivefold from 94,000 to 465,000.
question: Are the Salvadorans a large population in the U.S.?

answers: text: the United States continued to grow in the 1990s and 2000s as a result of family reunification and new arrivals fleeing a series of natural disasters
question: Is the  Salvadoran population still growing?

answers: text: By 2008, there were about 1.1 million Salvadoran immigrants in the United States.
question: How many  Salvadorans  are in America now?

context: Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with their children and grandchildren who born and/or grew up in Venezuela speaking Spanish. From 1910 to 1930, it is estimated that over 4,000 South Americans each year emigrated to the United States; however, there are few specific figures indicating these statistics. Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation. They are frequently joined by relatives. However, since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary and due to the economic fluctuations in Venezuela which also promoted an important migration of Venezuelan professionals to the US.
qas: answers: text: Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States.
question: When did the Venezuelans emigrate to the united states?

answers: text: Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela
question: Does Venezuela have immigrates from other countries?

answers: text: Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation.
question: Why did Venezuelans come to America?

answers: text: since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary
question:  Do Venezuelans still come to America for the same reasons as they did before?

context: In the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States (mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in South Florida, especially the suburbs of Doral and Weston. Other main states with Venezuelan American populations are, according to the 1990 census, New York, California, Texas (adding their existing Hispanic populations), New Jersey, Massachusetts and Maryland. Some of the urban areas with a high Venezuelan community include Miami, New York City, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C.
qas: answers: text: In the 2000s, more Venezuelans opposing the economic and political policies of president Hugo Chávez migrated to the United States
question: How did Chavez affect the Venezuelans?

answers: text: mostly to Florida, but New York City and Houston are other destinations). The largest concentration of Venezuelans in the United States is in South Florida
question: What areas of America did the Venezuelans settle in?

answers: text: New York, California, Texas (adding their existing Hispanic populations), New Jersey, Massachusetts and Maryland.
question: Are there any other areas of America Venezuelans settled in?

answers: text: Some of the urban areas with a high Venezuelan community include Miami, New York City, Los Angeles, and Washington, D.C.
question: Where are the most populated city's Venezuelan live in?

context: Although the United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere. Virtually all state and federal government agencies and large corporations use English as their internal working language, especially at the management level. Some states, such as New Mexico, provide bilingual legislated notices and official documents, in Spanish and English, and other commonly used languages. By 2015, there was a trend that most Americans and American residents who are of Hispanic descent speak only English in the home.
qas: answers: text: Some states, such as New Mexico, provide bilingual legislated notices and official documents
question: Is there such a thing as bilingual state?

answers: text: there was a trend that most Americans and American residents who are of Hispanic descent speak only English in the home.
question: Do American Hispanics speak English in the home?

answers: text: English is the dominant language of business, education, government, religion, media, culture, civil society, and the public sphere.
question: What language is spoken in the U.S.A?

answers: text: United States has no de jure official language, English is the dominant language
question: Is there an official language of the United States?

context: The state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico. The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory. The area of the former Gadsden Purchase contained a majority of Spanish-speakers until the 1940s, although the Tucson area had a higher ratio of anglophones (including Mexican Americans who were fluent in English); the continuous arrival of Mexican settlers increases the number of Spanish-speakers.
qas: answers: text: The state (like its southwestern neighbors) has had close linguistic and cultural ties with Mexico
question: Has some states like Arizona embraced their Mexican history?

answers: text: The state outside the Gadsden Purchase of 1853 was part of the New Mexico Territory until 1863, when the western half was made into the Arizona Territory.
question: What is the states history?

answers: text: The area of the former Gadsden Purchase contained a majority of Spanish-speakers until the 1940s
question: Has New Mexico had a majority of Spanish speaking natives.

answers: text: the continuous arrival of Mexican settlers increases the number of Spanish-speakers.
question: Are Arizona and New Mexico residents speaking Spanish or English?

context: New Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state; however, the state has no official language. New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English. Although English is the state government's paper working language, government business is often conducted in Spanish, particularly at the local level. Spanish has been spoken in the New Mexico-Colorado border and the contemporary U.S.–Mexico border since the 16th century.[citation needed]
qas: answers: text: the state has no official language.
question: Does New Mexico have an official language?

answers: text: New Mexico's laws are promulgated bilingually in Spanish and English.
question: What language is New Mexico's language written in?

answers: text: Spanish has been spoken in the New Mexico-Colorado border and the contemporary U.S.–Mexico border since the 16th century
question: How long has New Mexico been speaking Spanish?

answers: text: New Mexico is commonly thought to have Spanish as an official language alongside English because of its wide usage and legal promotion of Spanish in the state
question: Is New Mexico known for the Spanish language?

context: Because of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence, New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish and has developed its own vocabulary. In addition, it contains many words from Nahuatl, the language spoken by the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the Pueblo languages of the upper Rio Grande Valley, Mexican-Spanish words (mexicanismos), and borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person verb form, changes in verb endings, particularly in the preterite, and partial merging of the second and third conjugations.
qas: answers: text: Because of its relative isolation from other Spanish-speaking areas over most of its 400-year existence
question: Why is New Mexico always an after thought in American -Spanish speaking society?

answers: text: , New Mexico Spanish, and in particular the Spanish of northern New Mexico and Colorado has retained many elements of 16th- and 17th-century Spanish
question: Is New Mexico's language different than from other Spanish dialect 

answers: text: has developed its own vocabulary. In addition, it contains many words from Nahuatl, the language spoken by the ancient Aztecs of Mexico.
question: How does New Mexico's Spanish dialect differ?

answers: text: New Mexican Spanish also contains loan words from the Pueblo languages of the upper Rio Grande Valley, Mexican-Spanish words (mexicanismos)
question: Does New Mexico's language also include other dialect?

answers: text: borrowings from English. Grammatical changes include the loss of the second person verb form, changes in verb endings
question: Does New Mexico also use language from the  American language when spoken in Spanish?

context: In Texas, English is the state's de facto official language (though it lacks de jure status) and is used in government. However, the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas. Texas's counties bordering Mexico are mostly Hispanic, and consequently, Spanish is commonly spoken in the region. The Government of Texas, through Section 2054.116 of the Government Code, mandates that state agencies provide information on their websites in Spanish to assist residents who have limited English proficiency.
qas: answers: text: In Texas, English is the state's de facto official language
question: What is Texas official language?

answers: text: , the continual influx of Spanish-speaking immigrants increased the import of Spanish in Texas.
question: Are there exceptions to Texas official language?

answers: text: . The Government of Texas, through Section 2054.116 of the Government Code, mandates that state agencies provide information on their websites in Spanish
question: How does Texas handle people who don't speak English, but live in Mexico?

answers: text: websites in Spanish to assist residents who have limited English proficiency.
question: How does this mandate help Spanish speaking residents?

context: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled, followed by French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%) although the totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.
qas: answers: text: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language
question: What language, other than English, is spoken in the U.S.?

answers: text: More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses
question: Are students taught Spanish in american schools?

answers: text: Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled
question: How popular are Spanish language classes in the U.S,?

answers: text: French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%)
question: What other languages are popular among American students?

answers: text: totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.
question: Are these other languages learned in the U.S. as popular as Spanish?

context: The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov. Moreover, non-Hispanic American origin politicians fluent in Spanish-speak in Spanish to Hispanic majority constituencies. There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television advertising expenditures for the Hispanic market have increased much from 1999 to 2003, with growth of 58 percent and 43 percent, respectively.
qas: answers: text: The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish
question: What political speaches are delivered in English and Spanish?

answers: text: following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration. Official Spanish translations are available at WhiteHouse.gov.
question: Was this always the case in American political addresses?

answers: text: politicians fluent in Spanish-speak in Spanish to Hispanic majority constituencies
question: Does Washington (government) operate in both languages (bilingual-Spanish?)

answers: text: There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television
question: If someone is not bilingual and only speaks Spanish, how do they learn about current events?

answers: text: local television advertising expenditures for the Hispanic market have increased much from 1999 to 2003, with growth of 58 percent and 43 percent, respectively.
question: Is the Hispanic population relevant to the American media?

context: Calvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project, the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants. Mr Veltman's language shift studies document high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the preferred language of Hispanics, particularly by the young and the native-born. The complete set of these studies' demographic projections postulates the near-complete assimilation of a given Hispanophone immigrant cohort within two generations. Although his study based itself upon a large 1976 sample from the Bureau of the Census (which has not been repeated), data from the 1990 Census tend to confirm the great Anglicization of the US Hispanic American origin population.
qas: answers: text: Calvin Veltman undertook, for the National Center for Education Statistics and for the Hispanic Policy Development Project
question: Are there studies on Hispanic-American language?

answers: text: the most complete study of English language adoption by Hispanophone immigrants
question: What is Calvin Veltman' study about?

answers: text: his study based itself upon a large 1976 sample from the Bureau of the Census (which has not been repeated),
question: Is Calvin Veltman' relevant to today's Hispanic Americans?

answers: text: data from the 1990 Census tend to confirm the great Anglicization of the US Hispanic American origin population.
question: Are there other similar findings similar to Calvin Veltman' for the modern age?

answers: text: high bilingualism rates and subsequent adoption of English as the preferred language of Hispanics, particularly by the young and the native-born.
question: What was Calvin Veltman' findings?