Labour_Party_(UK)

context: Labour runs a minority government in the Welsh Assembly under Carwyn Jones, is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament and has twenty MEPs in the European Parliament, sitting in the Socialists and Democrats Group. The party also organises in Northern Ireland, but does not contest elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly. The Labour Party is a full member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance, and holds observer status in the Socialist International. In September 2015, Jeremy Corbyn was elected Leader of the Labour Party.
qas: answers: text: Carwyn Jones
question: Who runs the Welsh Assembly?

answers: text: The Labour Party
question: What is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament?

answers: text: twenty
question: How many MEPs does it have in the British Parliament?

answers: text: 2015
question: What year was Jeremy Corbyn elected?

context: The Labour Party's origins lie in the late 19th century, when it became apparent that there was a need for a new political party to represent the interests and needs of the urban proletariat, a demographic which had increased in number and had recently been given franchise. Some members of the trades union movement became interested in moving into the political field, and after further extensions of the voting franchise in 1867 and 1885, the Liberal Party endorsed some trade-union sponsored candidates. The first Lib–Lab candidate to stand was George Odger in the Southwark by-election of 1870. In addition, several small socialist groups had formed around this time, with the intention of linking the movement to political policies. Among these were the Independent Labour Party, the intellectual and largely middle-class Fabian Society, the Marxist Social Democratic Federation and the Scottish Labour Party.
qas: answers: text: late 19th century
question: About when did the Labour Parry start?

answers: text: 1870
question: when was george odger elected?

context: In 1899, a Doncaster member of the Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants, Thomas R. Steels, proposed in his union branch that the Trade Union Congress call a special conference to bring together all left-wing organisations and form them into a single body that would sponsor Parliamentary candidates. The motion was passed at all stages by the TUC, and the proposed conference was held at the Memorial Hall on Farringdon Street on 26 and 27 February 1900. The meeting was attended by a broad spectrum of working-class and left-wing organisations — trades unions represented about one third of the membership of the TUC delegates.
qas: answers: text: 1899
question: What year did Thomas R. Steels propose the single body union branch?

answers: text: Doncaster
question: Where was Thomas R. Steels a member?

answers: text: Memorial Hall
question: WHere was the proposed conference held?

context: After a debate, the 129 delegates passed Hardie's motion to establish "a distinct Labour group in Parliament, who shall have their own whips, and agree upon their policy, which must embrace a readiness to cooperate with any party which for the time being may be engaged in promoting legislation in the direct interests of labour." This created an association called the Labour Representation Committee (LRC), meant to coordinate attempts to support MPs sponsored by trade unions and represent the working-class population. It had no single leader, and in the absence of one, the Independent Labour Party nominee Ramsay MacDonald was elected as Secretary. He had the difficult task of keeping the various strands of opinions in the LRC united. The October 1900 "Khaki election" came too soon for the new party to campaign effectively; total expenses for the election only came to £33. Only 15 candidatures were sponsored, but two were successful; Keir Hardie in Merthyr Tydfil and Richard Bell in Derby.
qas: answers: text: 129
question: How many delegates passed the motion?

answers: text: Ramsay MacDonald
question: Who was elected Secretary?

answers: text: 15
question: How many candidates were sponsored in the 1900 electrion?

context: Support for the LRC was boosted by the 1901 Taff Vale Case, a dispute between strikers and a railway company that ended with the union being ordered to pay £23,000 damages for a strike. The judgement effectively made strikes illegal since employers could recoup the cost of lost business from the unions. The apparent acquiescence of the Conservative Government of Arthur Balfour to industrial and business interests (traditionally the allies of the Liberal Party in opposition to the Conservative's landed interests) intensified support for the LRC against a government that appeared to have little concern for the industrial proletariat and its problems.
qas: answers: text: Taff Vale Case
question: What boosted support in 1901?

answers: text: a dispute between strikers and a railway company
question: What was the Taft Vale Case?

answers: text: made strikes illegal
question: From this case, what happened?

answers: text: £23,000
question: How much were they ordered to pay in damages for the strike?

context: In their first meeting after the election the group's Members of Parliament decided to adopt the name "The Labour Party" formally (15 February 1906). Keir Hardie, who had taken a leading role in getting the party established, was elected as Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party (in effect, the Leader), although only by one vote over David Shackleton after several ballots. In the party's early years the Independent Labour Party (ILP) provided much of its activist base as the party did not have individual membership until 1918 but operated as a conglomerate of affiliated bodies. The Fabian Society provided much of the intellectual stimulus for the party. One of the first acts of the new Liberal Government was to reverse the Taff Vale judgement.
qas: answers: text: Liberal Government
question: Who overturned the Taft Vale judgement?

answers: text: Keir Hardie
question: Who was elected Chairman of the Parliamentary Labour Party?

answers: text: one vote
question: How many votes did Keir Hardie win by?

answers: text: David Shackleton
question: Who was Keir Hardie's opponent?

context: The 1910 election saw 42 Labour MPs elected to the House of Commons, a significant victory since, a year before the election, the House of Lords had passed the Osborne judgment ruling that Trades Unions in the United Kingdom could no longer donate money to fund the election campaigns and wages of Labour MPs. The governing Liberals were unwilling to repeal this judicial decision with primary legislation. The height of Liberal compromise was to introduce a wage for Members of Parliament to remove the need to involve the Trade Unions. By 1913, faced with the opposition of the largest Trades Unions, the Liberal government passed the Trade Disputes Act to allow Trade Unions to fund Labour MPs once more.
qas: answers: text: 42
question: How many MP were elected in the 1910 election?

answers: text: Trade Disputes Act
question: Who passed the Osborne judgment?

answers: text: 1913
question: When was the Trade Disputes Act passed?

context: The Communist Party of Great Britain was refused affiliation to the Labour Party between 1921 and 1923. Meanwhile, the Liberal Party declined rapidly, and the party also suffered a catastrophic split which allowed the Labour Party to gain much of the Liberals' support. With the Liberals thus in disarray, Labour won 142 seats in 1922, making it the second largest political group in the House of Commons and the official opposition to the Conservative government. After the election the now-rehabilitated Ramsay MacDonald was voted the first official leader of the Labour Party.
qas: answers: text: between 1921 and 1923
question: WHen was the COmmunist party refused affiliation?

answers: text: 142
question: HOw many seats id Labour win in 1922?

answers: text: Ramsay MacDonald
question: Who was voted the first leader of the Labour Party?

context: The 1923 general election was fought on the Conservatives' protectionist proposals but, although they got the most votes and remained the largest party, they lost their majority in parliament, necessitating the formation of a government supporting free trade. Thus, with the acquiescence of Asquith's Liberals, Ramsay MacDonald became the first ever Labour Prime Minister in January 1924, forming the first Labour government, despite Labour only having 191 MPs (less than a third of the House of Commons).
qas: answers: text: 1924
question: In what year did Ramsay MacDonald become the Labour PM?

answers: text: 191
question: How many MP did they get in the election in 1924?

context: The government collapsed after only nine months when the Liberals voted for a Select Committee inquiry into the Campbell Case, a vote which MacDonald had declared to be a vote of confidence. The ensuing 1924 general election saw the publication, four days before polling day, of the Zinoviev letter, in which Moscow talked about a Communist revolution in Britain. The letter had little impact on the Labour vote—which held up. It was the collapse of the Liberal party that led to the Conservative landslide. The Conservatives were returned to power although Labour increased its vote from 30.7% to a third of the popular vote, most Conservative gains being at the expense of the Liberals. However many Labourites for years blamed their defeat on foul play (the Zinoviev Letter), thereby according to A. J. P. Taylor misunderstanding the political forces at work and delaying needed reforms in the party.
qas: answers: text: 1924
question: When was the Zinoviev letter published?

answers: text: nine months
question: After how long did the government collapse?

context: As the economic situation worsened MacDonald agreed to form a "National Government" with the Conservatives and the Liberals. On 24 August 1931 MacDonald submitted the resignation of his ministers and led a small number of his senior colleagues in forming the National Government together with the other parties. This caused great anger among those within the Labour Party who felt betrayed by MacDonald's actions: he and his supporters were promptly expelled from the Labour Party and formed a separate National Labour Organisation. The remaining Labour Party MPs (led again by Arthur Henderson) and a few Liberals went into opposition. The ensuing 1931 general election resulted in overwhelming victory for the National Government and disaster for the Labour Party which won only 52 seats, 225 fewer than in 1929.
qas: answers: text: 1931
question: When did MacDonald submit the resignation of his ministers?

answers: text: he and his supporters were promptly expelled
question: What caused MacDonald to form a separate party?

answers: text: National Government
question: Who won the 1931 election?

context: The nationalist parties, in turn, demanded devolution to their respective constituent countries in return for their supporting the government. When referendums for Scottish and Welsh devolution were held in March 1979 Welsh devolution was rejected outright while the Scottish referendum returned a narrow majority in favour without reaching the required threshold of 40% support. When the Labour government duly refused to push ahead with setting up the proposed Scottish Assembly, the SNP withdrew its support for the government: this finally brought the government down as it triggered a vote of confidence in Callaghan's government that was lost by a single vote on 28 March 1979, necessitating a general election.
qas: answers: text: 1979
question: In what year was the Scottish and Welsh devolution rejected?

answers: text: a single vote
question: How many votes did the vote of confidence lose by in 1979?

context: Callaghan had been widely expected to call a general election in the autumn of 1978 when most opinion polls showed Labour to have a narrow lead. However he decided to extend his wage restraint policy for another year hoping that the economy would be in a better shape for a 1979 election. But during the winter of 1978–79 there were widespread strikes among lorry drivers, railway workers, car workers and local government and hospital workers in favour of higher pay-rises that caused significant disruption to everyday life. These events came to be dubbed the "Winter of Discontent".
qas: answers: text: 1978
question: In what year was Labour shown to have a slight lead?

answers: text: lorry drivers
question: Who were some of the people striking in 1978-1979?

answers: text: higher pay
question: Why were they striking?

answers: text: Winter of Discontent
question: What was this strike called?

context: After its defeat in the 1979 general election the Labour Party underwent a period of internal rivalry between the left represented by Tony Benn, and the right represented by Denis Healey. The election of Michael Foot as leader in 1980, and the leftist policies he espoused, such as unilateral nuclear disarmament, leaving the European Economic Community (EEC) and NATO, closer governmental influence in the banking system, the creation of a national minimum wage and a ban on fox hunting led in 1981 to four former cabinet ministers from the right of the Labour Party (Shirley Williams, William Rodgers, Roy Jenkins and David Owen) forming the Social Democratic Party. Benn was only narrowly defeated by Healey in a bitterly fought deputy leadership election in 1981 after the introduction of an electoral college intended to widen the voting franchise to elect the leader and their deputy. By 1982, the National Executive Committee had concluded that the entryist Militant tendency group were in contravention of the party's constitution. The Militant newspaper's five member editorial board were expelled on 22 February 1983.
qas: answers: text: 1979
question: When was the Labout party defeated?

answers: text: 1980
question: What year was Michael Foot elected as leader?

answers: text: Social Democratic Party
question: What did four members of the Labour Party leave to creat?

answers: text: widen the voting franchise
question: Why was the electoral college introduced?

context: Foot resigned and was replaced as leader by Neil Kinnock, with Roy Hattersley as his deputy. The new leadership progressively dropped unpopular policies. The miners strike of 1984–85 over coal mine closures, for which miners' leader Arthur Scargill was blamed, and the Wapping dispute led to clashes with the left of the party, and negative coverage in most of the press. Tabloid vilification of the so-called loony left continued to taint the parliamentary party by association from the activities of 'extra-parliamentary' militants in local government.
qas: answers: text: Neil Kinnock
question: Who was Foot replaced by?

answers: text: Roy Hattersley
question: Who was Neil Knnocks deputy?

answers: text: 1984–85
question: What years were the miners strike?

answers: text: Arthur Scargill
question: What was the name of the miner's leader that was blamed for the strike?

context: In the 2010 general election on 6 May that year, Labour with 29.0% of the vote won the second largest number of seats (258). The Conservatives with 36.5% of the vote won the largest number of seats (307), but no party had an overall majority, meaning that Labour could still remain in power if they managed to form a coalition with at least one smaller party. However, the Labour Party would have had to form a coalition with more than one other smaller party to gain an overall majority; anything less would result in a minority government. On 10 May 2010, after talks to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats broke down, Brown announced his intention to stand down as Leader before the Labour Party Conference but a day later resigned as both Prime Minister and party leader.
qas: answers: text: 258
question: How many seats did Labour win in 2010?

answers: text: 307
question: How many seats did the Conservatives win?

answers: text: 10 May 2010
question: WHen did Brown announce his intention to stand down?

context: Finance proved a major problem for the Labour Party during this period; a "cash for peerages" scandal under Blair resulted in the drying up of many major sources of donations. Declining party membership, partially due to the reduction of activists' influence upon policy-making under the reforms of Neil Kinnock and Blair, also contributed to financial problems. Between January and March 2008, the Labour Party received just over £3 million in donations and were £17 million in debt; compared to the Conservatives' £6 million in donations and £12 million in debt.
qas: answers: text: £3 million
question: How much in contributions did the Labour party get from January to Marrch 2008?

answers: text: £17 million
question: How far was the party in debt for the same time period?

answers: text: £12 million
question: How far was the Conservative party in debt?

context: Labour improved its performance in 1987, gaining 20 seats and so reducing the Conservative majority from 143 to 102. They were now firmly re-established as the second political party in Britain as the Alliance had once again failed to make a breakthrough with seats. A merger of the SDP and Liberals formed the Liberal Democrats. Following the 1987 election, the National Executive Committee resumed disciplinary action against members of Militant, who remained in the party, leading to further expulsions of their activists and the two MPs who supported the group.
qas: answers: text: 20
question: How many more seats did LAbour get in 1987?

answers: text: Liberal Democrats
question: What was the merger of SDP and the Liberals called?

answers: text: activists and the two MPs who supported the group.
question: Who did the NEC expel 

context: The "yo yo" in the opinion polls continued into 1992, though after November 1990 any Labour lead in the polls was rarely sufficient for a majority. Major resisted Kinnock's calls for a general election throughout 1991. Kinnock campaigned on the theme "It's Time for a Change", urging voters to elect a new government after more than a decade of unbroken Conservative rule. However, the Conservatives themselves had undergone a dramatic change in the change of leader from Thatcher to Major, at least in terms of style if not substance. From the outset, it was clearly a well-received change, as Labour's 14-point lead in the November 1990 "Poll of Polls" was replaced by an 8% Tory lead a month later.
qas: answers: text: 1991
question: What year did Kinnock call for a general election?

answers: text: "It's Time for a Change"
question: What was Kinnocks party theme?

answers: text: 14
question: What was the original Tory lead percentage?

answers: text: 8%
question: What did the percentage fall to?

context: Kinnock then resigned as leader and was replaced by John Smith. Smith's leadership once again saw the re-emergence of tension between those on the party's left and those identified as "modernisers", both of whom advocated radical revisions of the party's stance albeit in different ways. At the 1993 conference, Smith successfully changed the party rules and lessened the influence of the trade unions on the selection of candidates to stand for Parliament by introducing a one member, one vote system called "OMOV" — but only barely, after a barnstorming speech by John Prescott which required Smith to compromise on other individual negotiations.
qas: answers: text: John Smith
question: Who replaced Kinnock?

answers: text: 1993
question: When did Smith change the party's rules?

answers: text: one member, one vote
question: What does OMOV stand for?

context: The Black Wednesday economic disaster in September 1992 left the Conservative government's reputation for monetary excellence in tatters, and by the end of that year Labour had a comfortable lead over the Tories in the opinion polls. Although the recession was declared over in April 1993 and a period of strong and sustained economic growth followed, coupled with a relatively swift fall in unemployment, the Labour lead in the opinion polls remained strong. However, Smith died from a heart attack in May 1994.
qas: answers: text: September 1992
question: WHen was Black Wednesday?

answers: text: economic disaster
question: What was Black Wednesday?

answers: text: April 1993
question: When was the recession declared over?

answers: text: May 1994
question: When did Smith die?

answers: text: a heart attack
question: What did Smith die of?

context: "New Labour" was first termed as an alternative branding for the Labour Party, dating from a conference slogan first used by the Labour Party in 1994, which was later seen in a draft manifesto published by the party in 1996, called New Labour, New Life For Britain. It was a continuation of the trend that had begun under the leadership of Neil Kinnock. "New Labour" as a name has no official status, but remains in common use to distinguish modernisers from those holding to more traditional positions, normally referred to as "Old Labour".
qas: answers: text: "New Labour"
question: What was the other name for the Labout Party?

answers: text: 1994
question: When was this branding first used?

answers: text: 1996
question: When did Labour publish a new draft manifesto?

answers: text: New Labour, New Life For Britain
question: What was this manifesto called?

context: A perceived turning point was when Blair controversially allied himself with US President George W. Bush in supporting the Iraq War, which caused him to lose much of his political support. The UN Secretary-General, among many, considered the war illegal. The Iraq War was deeply unpopular in most western countries, with Western governments divided in their support and under pressure from worldwide popular protests. The decisions that led up to the Iraq war and its subsequent conduct are currently the subject of Sir John Chilcot's Iraq Inquiry.
qas: answers: text: President George W. Bush
question: Who did Tony Blair side with?

answers: text: the Iraq War
question: Why did Blair side with Bush?

answers: text: Sir John Chilcot
question: Who has an active Iraq War inquiry?

answers: text: deeply unpopular
question: Was the idea of the Iraq War popular or unpopular in Western countries?

context: Blair announced in September 2006 that he would quit as leader within the year, though he had been under pressure to quit earlier than May 2007 in order to get a new leader in place before the May elections which were expected to be disastrous for Labour. In the event, the party did lose power in Scotland to a minority Scottish National Party government at the 2007 elections and, shortly after this, Blair resigned as Prime Minister and was replaced by his Chancellor, Gordon Brown. Although the party experienced a brief rise in the polls after this, its popularity soon slumped to its lowest level since the days of Michael Foot. During May 2008, Labour suffered heavy defeats in the London mayoral election, local elections and the loss in the Crewe and Nantwich by-election, culminating in the party registering its worst ever opinion poll result since records began in 1943, of 23%, with many citing Brown's leadership as a key factor. Membership of the party also reached a low ebb, falling to 156,205 by the end of 2009: over 40 per cent of the 405,000 peak reached in 1997 and thought to be the lowest total since the party was founded.
qas: answers: text: September 2006
question: When did Blair announce he was quitting?

answers: text: May 2007
question: When were the next elections?

answers: text: Scottish National Party
question: Who did Labour lose power in the election to?

answers: text: his Chancellor, Gordon Brown
question: Who was Blair replaced by?

answers: text: 156,205
question: What was the party membership at the end of 2009?