Web_browser

context: A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI/URL) and may be a web page, image, video or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers to related resources.
qas: answers: text: browser
question: What do people typically call a web browser?

answers: text: World Wide Web
question: What platform is a browser used on?

answers: text: Uniform Resource Identifier
question: What does URL mean?

answers: text: Hyperlinks
question: What allows a person to direct their browser to a resource?

context: Although browsers are primarily intended to use the World Wide Web, they can also be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file systems.
qas: answers: text: the World Wide Web
question: The primary function of a browser is to use what?

answers: text: private networks
question: In addition to accessing the Internet, browsers can also access info that is put there by web servers in what?

answers: text: file systems
question: A browser can also access files where?

context: The first web browser was invented in 1990 by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), which oversees the Web's continued development, and is also the founder of the World Wide Web Foundation. His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus.
qas: answers: text: 1990
question: When was the first browser created?

answers: text: Sir Tim Berners-Lee
question: Who invented the first browser?

answers: text: the World Wide Web Consortium
question: What was Berners-Lee a director of?

answers: text: World Wide Web Foundation
question: What organization did Berners-Lee create?

context: In 1993, browser software was further innovated by Marc Andreessen with the release of Mosaic, "the world's first popular browser", which made the World Wide Web system easy to use and more accessible to the average person. Andreesen's browser sparked the internet boom of the 1990s. The introduction of Mosaic in 1993 – one of the first graphical web browsers – led to an explosion in web use. Andreessen, the leader of the Mosaic team at National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), soon started his own company, named Netscape, and released the Mosaic-influenced Netscape Navigator in 1994, which quickly became the world's most popular browser, accounting for 90% of all web use at its peak (see usage share of web browsers).
qas: answers: text: Marc Andreessen
question: Who released Mosaic?

answers: text: 1993
question: When was Mosaic released?

answers: text: Netscape
question: When Andreessen left the company he worked for, what new company did he start?

answers: text: Netscape Navigator
question: What browser did Andreessen release in 1994?

context: Microsoft responded with its Internet Explorer in 1995, also heavily influenced by Mosaic, initiating the industry's first browser war. Bundled with Windows, Internet Explorer gained dominance in the web browser market; Internet Explorer usage share peaked at over 95% by 2002.
qas: answers: text: Microsoft
question: Who released the Internet Explorer browser?

answers: text: 1995
question: When did Microsoft release Internet Explorer?

answers: text: browser war
question: The release of Internet Explorer started the first what?

answers: text: Windows
question: What was bundled with Internet Explorer?

context: Opera debuted in 1996; it has never achieved widespread use, having less than 2% browser usage share as of February 2012 according to Net Applications. Its Opera-mini version has an additive share, in April 2011 amounting to 1.1% of overall browser use, but focused on the fast-growing mobile phone web browser market, being preinstalled on over 40 million phones. It is also available on several other embedded systems, including Nintendo's Wii video game console.
qas: answers: text: 1996
question: Opera was introduced in what year?

answers: text: Opera-mini version
question: What accounted for 1.1% of browser use in April 2011?

answers: text: mobile phone web browser
question: Opera focused on which quickly growing market?

answers: text: Nintendo's Wii
question: Opera is also available on which video game console?

context: In 1998, Netscape launched what was to become the Mozilla Foundation in an attempt to produce a competitive browser using the open source software model. That browser would eventually evolve into Firefox, which developed a respectable following while still in the beta stage of development; shortly after the release of Firefox 1.0 in late 2004, Firefox (all versions) accounted for 7% of browser use. As of August 2011, Firefox has a 28% usage share.
qas: answers: text: Mozilla Foundation
question: What did Netscape launch in 1998?

answers: text: open source software model
question: Netscape wanted to have a competitive browser using what?

answers: text: Firefox
question: What was the resulting browser for the Mozilla Foundation?

answers: text: late 2004
question: When was Firefox released?

context: Apple's Safari had its first beta release in January 2003; as of April 2011, it had a dominant share of Apple-based web browsing, accounting for just over 7% of the entire browser market.
qas: answers: text: January 2003
question: When was the first beta release for Safari?

answers: text: Apple
question: Who created Safari?

context: The most recent major entrant to the browser market is Chrome, first released in September 2008. Chrome's take-up has increased significantly year by year, by doubling its usage share from 8% to 16% by August 2011. This increase seems largely to be at the expense of Internet Explorer, whose share has tended to decrease from month to month. In December 2011, Chrome overtook Internet Explorer 8 as the most widely used web browser but still had lower usage than all versions of Internet Explorer combined. Chrome's user-base continued to grow and in May 2012, Chrome's usage passed the usage of all versions of Internet Explorer combined. By April 2014, Chrome's usage had hit 45%.
qas: answers: text: Chrome
question: Which browser is the newest to enter the field?

answers: text: September 2008
question: When was Chrome released?

answers: text: Internet Explorer
question: As Chrome usage increases, which browser usage has continued to decrease?

answers: text: May 2012
question: When did Chrome become more used than all versions of Internet Explorer?

context: Internet Explorer, on the other hand, was bundled free with the Windows operating system (and was also downloadable free), and therefore it was funded partly by the sales of Windows to computer manufacturers and direct to users. Internet Explorer also used to be available for the Mac. It is likely that releasing IE for the Mac was part of Microsoft's overall strategy to fight threats to its quasi-monopoly platform dominance - threats such as web standards and Java - by making some web developers, or at least their managers, assume that there was "no need" to develop for anything other than Internet Explorer. In this respect, IE may have contributed to Windows and Microsoft applications sales in another way, through "lock-in" to Microsoft's browser.
qas: answers: text: Internet Explorer
question: What was bundled for free with the Windows OS?

answers: text: sales of Windows to computer manufacturers and direct to users
question: Internet Explorer was partially funded in what two ways?

answers: text: Mac
question: What other OS could use Internet Explorer?

context: In January 2009, the European Commission announced it would investigate the bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows operating systems from Microsoft, saying "Microsoft's tying of Internet Explorer to the Windows operating system harms competition between web browsers, undermines product innovation and ultimately reduces consumer choice." Microsoft Corp v Commission
qas: answers: text: the European Commission
question: Who investigated the bundling of the IE browser with Windows OS?

answers: text: January 2009
question: When did the European Commission say they would investigate the bundling?

answers: text: competition between web browsers
question: The Commission felt that bundling the browser with Windows computers harmed what?

answers: text: product innovation
question: The Commission felt that the bundling undermined what?

context: Safari and Mobile Safari were likewise always included with OS X and iOS respectively, so, similarly, they were originally funded by sales of Apple computers and mobile devices, and formed part of the overall Apple experience to customers.
qas: answers: text: Safari
question: What browser was automatically included with OS X?

context: Today, most commercial web browsers are paid by search engine companies to make their engine default, or to include them as another option. For example, Google pays Mozilla, the maker of Firefox, to make Google Search the default search engine in Firefox. Mozilla makes enough money from this deal that it does not need to charge users for Firefox. In addition, Google Search is also (as one would expect) the default search engine in Google Chrome. Users searching for websites or items on the Internet would be led to Google's search results page, increasing ad revenue and which funds development at Google and of Google Chrome.
qas: answers: text: Google
question: Which company pays Firefox to make their search engine the default on their browser?

answers: text: Chrome
question: What other browser has Google as the default search engine?

answers: text: Google Chrome
question: The increased revenue funds what, in addition to Google?

context: The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user ("retrieval" or "fetching"), allowing them to view the information ("display", "rendering"), and then access other information ("navigation", "following links").
qas: answers: text: to bring information resources to the user
question: What is the main use of a browser?

context: This process begins when the user inputs a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for example http://en.wikipedia.org/, into the browser. The prefix of the URL, the Uniform Resource Identifier or URI, determines how the URL will be interpreted. The most commonly used kind of URI starts with http: and identifies a resource to be retrieved over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Many browsers also support a variety of other prefixes, such as https: for HTTPS, ftp: for the File Transfer Protocol, and file: for local files. Prefixes that the web browser cannot directly handle are often handed off to another application entirely. For example, mailto: URIs are usually passed to the user's default e-mail application, and news: URIs are passed to the user's default newsgroup reader.
qas: answers: text: Uniform Resource Locator
question: What does URL stand for?

answers: text: The prefix of the URL
question: What is the determining factor in how a URL will be interpreted?

answers: text: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
question: What does http stand for?

answers: text: File Transfer Protocol
question: What does ftp stand for?

answers: text: default newsgroup reader
question: A news: prefix is given to the user's what?

context: In the case of http, https, file, and others, once the resource has been retrieved the web browser will display it. HTML and associated content (image files, formatting information such as CSS, etc.) is passed to the browser's layout engine to be transformed from markup to an interactive document, a process known as "rendering". Aside from HTML, web browsers can generally display any kind of content that can be part of a web page. Most browsers can display images, audio, video, and XML files, and often have plug-ins to support Flash applications and Java applets. Upon encountering a file of an unsupported type or a file that is set up to be downloaded rather than displayed, the browser prompts the user to save the file to disk.
qas: answers: text: rendering
question: What is it called when content is changed from markup to an interactive document?

answers: text: Flash applications and Java applets
question: Browsers typically have plug-ins to support what?

context: Information resources may contain hyperlinks to other information resources. Each link contains the URI of a resource to go to. When a link is clicked, the browser navigates to the resource indicated by the link's target URI, and the process of bringing content to the user begins again.
qas: answers: text: hyperlinks
question: What can resources have to connect to other resources?

context: Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail, Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes referred to as "Internet suites" rather than merely "web browsers".
qas: answers: text: rich user interfaces
question: Features on a browser can range from minimal with little support to what?

answers: text: Internet suites
question: When a browser includes a lot of extras, it can be referred to as what?

answers: text: Internet Relay Chat
question: What does IRC stand for?

context: All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window. Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from "popping up" without the user's consent.
qas: answers: text: pop-up blockers
question: What does not allow windows to pop up without consent?

context: A browser extension is a computer program that extends the functionality of a web browser. Every major web browser supports the development of browser extensions.
qas: answers: text: browser extension
question: A computer program that continues the functionality of a browser is called what?

context: Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.
qas: answers: text: bookmarked
question: A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?

answers: text: Favorites
question: What are "bookmarks" called in Internet Explorer?

answers: text: feed aggregator
question: The top browsers have a built-in what?

answers: text: live bookmarks
question: Firefox does web feeds as what?

answers: text: traditional
question: The Opera feed reader is more what?

context: Most browsers support HTTP Secure and offer quick and easy ways to delete the web cache, download history, form and search history, cookies, and browsing history. For a comparison of the current security vulnerabilities of browsers, see comparison of web browsers.
qas: answers: text: Most browsers
question: HTTP Secure is supported by what?

answers: text: form and search history
question: Cache, download history, cookies, browsing and what else can be quickly deleted in browsers?

answers: text: current security vulnerabilities
question: A comparison of browser must be seen to know what?

context: Early web browsers supported only a very simple version of HTML. The rapid development of proprietary web browsers led to the development of non-standard dialects of HTML, leading to problems with interoperability. Modern web browsers support a combination of standards-based and de facto HTML and XHTML, which should be rendered in the same way by all browsers.
qas: answers: text: proprietary web browsers
question: Quick development of what kind of browsers led to non-standard HTML dialects?

answers: text: problems with interoperability
question: Non-standard dialects led to what?

answers: text: HTML and XHTML
question: Modern browser support standards-based and defacto what?

answers: text: rendered in the same way
question: HTML and XHTML should be what by all browsers?

context: Web browsers consist of a user interface, layout engine, rendering engine, JavaScript interpreter, UI backend, networking component and data persistence component. These components achieve different functionalities of a web browser and together provide all capabilities of a web browser.
qas: answers: text: Web browsers
question: A user interface, UI backend, layout engine and other things are part of what?

answers: text: functionalities
question: The layout engine, rendering engine, user interface and other things are components that offer different what of web browsers?