Houston

context: In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto, who was elected President of Texas in September 1836. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the older slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the domestic slave trade. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but there were slave dealers in Houston. Thousands of enslaved African-Americans lived near the city before the Civil War. Many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. In 1860 forty-nine percent of the city's population was enslaved. A few slaves, perhaps as many as 2,000 between 1835 and 1865, came through the illegal African trade. Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state. They also brought or purchased enslaved African Americans, whose numbers nearly tripled in the state from 1850 to 1860, from 58,000 to 182,566.
qas: answers: text: New York
question: Where were Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen from?

answers: text: 6,642
question: How many acres of land did Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen purchase in 1836?

answers: text: founding a city
question: What was the reason the Allen brothers purchased land in 1836?

answers: text: Sam Houston
question: Who did the Allen brothers name the city they founded after?

answers: text: 1836
question: In what year was Sam Houston elected President of Texas?

answers: text: Allen brothers
question: Who bought land along Buffalo Bayou to build a city?

answers: text: 6,642 acres
question: How much land did the Allen brothers buy?

answers: text: Sam Houston
question: After which famous general was the city named?

answers: text: forty-nine percent
question: In 1860 what percentage of the city's population was slaves?

answers: text: tripled
question: How much did the slave population of Houston increase from 1850 to 1860?

context: When World War II started, tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however, the war did provide economic benefits for the city. Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. Ellington Field, initially built during World War I, was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators. The Brown Shipbuilding Company was founded in 1942 to build ships for the U.S. Navy during World War II. Due to the boom in defense jobs, thousands of new workers migrated to the city, both blacks and whites competing for the higher-paying jobs. President Roosevelt had established a policy of non-discrimination for defense contractors, and blacks gained some opportunities, especially in shipbuilding, although not without resistance from whites and increasing social tensions that erupted into occasional violence. Economic gains of blacks who entered defense industries continued in the postwar years.
qas: answers: text: World War II
question: What event cause shipping activities to be suspended?

answers: text: petroleum and synthetic rubber products
question: Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were built due to the demand for what items during the war?

answers: text: during World War I
question: When was Ellington Field built?

answers: text: 1942
question: When was the Brown Shipbuilding Company founded?

answers: text: non-discrimination for defense contractors
question: What was the policy created by President Roosevelt due to the boom in defense jobs?

answers: text: Petrochemical
question: What kind of refineries were built along the Houston ship channel?

answers: text: petroleum and synthetic rubber
question: To fill what type of demand were refineries built?

answers: text: World War II
question: What world event caused this increased need for petrochemicals?

answers: text: defense jobs
question: Why did thousands of new workers flock to Houston?

answers: text: President Roosevelt
question: Which president created a policy of non-discrimination for defense contractors?

context: One wave of the population boom ended abruptly in the mid-1980s, as oil prices fell precipitously. The space industry also suffered in 1986 after the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated shortly after launch. There was a cutback in some activities for a period. In the late 1980s, the city's economy suffered from the nationwide recession. After the early 1990s recession, Houston made efforts to diversify its economy by focusing on aerospace and health care/biotechnology, and reduced its dependence on the petroleum industry. Since the increase of oil prices in the 2000s, the petroleum industry has again increased its share of the local economy.
qas: answers: text: 1986
question: In what year did the space shuttle Challenger explode after launch?

answers: text: the nationwide recession
question: Why did Houston's economy have problems in the late 1980's?

answers: text: reduced its dependence on the petroleum industry
question: In the 1990's, what is something Houston did to try to diversify it's economy?

answers: text: the increase of oil prices in the 2000s
question: The petroleum industry has become a larger part of Houston's economy again for what reason?

answers: text: oil prices fell
question: What caused population growth to decline  in the 1980s?

answers: text: 2000s
question: When did Houston begin to regain its dependence on the oil industry?

answers: text: aerospace and health care
question: What did Houston focus on after the 1990s recession to improve its economy?

answers: text: late 1980s
question: When did Houston suffer an economic decline?

answers: text: Space Shuttle Challenger
question: Which shuttle disintegrated in 1986 to cause a decline in the space industry?

context: Underpinning Houston's land surface are unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly cemented sands up to several miles deep. The region's geology developed from river deposits formed from the erosion of the Rocky Mountains. These sediments consist of a series of sands and clays deposited on decaying organic marine matter, that over time, transformed into oil and natural gas. Beneath the layers of sediment is a water-deposited layer of halite, a rock salt. The porous layers were compressed over time and forced upward. As it pushed upward, the salt dragged surrounding sediments into salt dome formations, often trapping oil and gas that seeped from the surrounding porous sands. The thick, rich, sometimes black, surface soil is suitable for rice farming in suburban outskirts where the city continues to grow.
qas: answers: text: unconsolidated clays, clay shales, and poorly cemented sands
question: What materials are underpinning the land surface of Houston?

answers: text: Rocky Mountains
question: Houston's geology was formed from river deposits from the erosion of what mountains?

answers: text: oil and natural gas
question: The sand and clay deposited onto decaying marine matter transformed into what?

answers: text: a rock salt
question: What is halite?

answers: text: rice farming
question: What type of farming is Houston's surface soil good for?

answers: text: clays
question: Besides sands, what are the foundations of Houston's land?

answers: text: several miles
question: How deep are the clay and sands foundations of Houston?

answers: text: erosion of the Rocky Mountains
question: What geological event caused the foundations of the land beneath Houston?

answers: text: rice
question: What agricultural crop was farmed in the rich soils on the outlying areas of Houston?

answers: text: oil and natural gas
question: What did the decaying organics under the clay and sand deposits later form?

context: In the 1960s, Downtown Houston consisted of a collection of mid-rise office structures. Downtown was on the threshold of an energy industry–led boom in 1970. A succession of skyscrapers were built throughout the 1970s—many by real estate developer Gerald D. Hines—culminating with Houston's tallest skyscraper, the 75-floor, 1,002-foot (305 m)-tall JPMorgan Chase Tower (formerly the Texas Commerce Tower), completed in 1982. It is the tallest structure in Texas, 15th tallest building in the United States, and the 85th tallest skyscraper in the world, based on highest architectural feature. In 1983, the 71-floor, 992-foot (302 m)-tall Wells Fargo Plaza (formerly Allied Bank Plaza) was completed, becoming the second-tallest building in Houston and Texas. Based on highest architectural feature, it is the 17th tallest in the United States and the 95th tallest in the world. In 2007, downtown Houston had over 43 million square feet (4,000,000 m²) of office space.
qas: answers: text: mid-rise office structures
question: Downtown Houston consisted of what type of building in the 1960's?

answers: text: throughout the 1970s
question: When were skyscrapers first built in Houston?

answers: text: JPMorgan Chase Tower
question: What is the tallest building in Texas?

answers: text: 1,002-foot
question: How tall is the JP Morgan Chase Tower?

answers: text: Wells Fargo Plaza
question: What is the second tallest building in Houston?

answers: text: Gerald D. Hines
question: In the 1970 s what developer built high rises in downtown Houston?

answers: text: JPMorgan Chase Tower
question: What was the highest building in Houston completed in 1982?

answers: text: Texas Commerce Tower
question: What was the original name of the JP Morgan Chase Tower?

answers: text: tallest structure in Texas
question: What is the Chase Tower rated as in height in Texas?

answers: text: 43 million square feet
question: By 2007 how many square feet of office space did Houston have?

context: In 2006, the Houston metropolitan area ranked first in Texas and third in the U.S. within the Category of "Best Places for Business and Careers" by Forbes magazine. Foreign governments have established 92 consular offices in Houston's metropolitan area, the third highest in the nation. Forty foreign governments maintain trade and commercial offices here and 23 active foreign chambers of commerce and trade associations. Twenty-five foreign banks representing 13 nations operate in Houston, providing financial assistance to the international community.
qas: answers: text: Best Places for Business and Careers
question: Houston ranked 3rd in which category by Forbes magazine in 2006?

answers: text: 92
question: How many offices have been established in Houston by foreign governments?

answers: text: Forty
question: How many foreign governments maintain trade and commercial offices in Houston?

answers: text: Twenty-five
question: How many foreign banks operate in Houston?

answers: text: 13
question: How many nations do the 25 foreign banks operating in Houston represent?

answers: text: 2006
question: When did the Houston area rank first in Texas for business?

answers: text: third in the U.S
question: How did Houston rank in the U.S. for business?

answers: text: 92
question: How many consular offices does Houston have?

answers: text: Forty
question: How many foreign countries have trade offices in Houston?

answers: text: 13
question: How many nations do the twenty-five foreign banks represent?

context: Many annual events celebrate the diverse cultures of Houston. The largest and longest running is the annual Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, held over 20 days from early to late March, is the largest annual livestock show and rodeo in the world. Another large celebration is the annual night-time Houston Pride Parade, held at the end of June. Other annual events include the Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival, which is considered to be one of the top five art festivals in the United States.
qas: answers: text: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo
question: What is the largest annual event held in Houston?

answers: text: 20 days
question: How long does the Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo last?

answers: text: the end of June
question: When is the annual Houston Pride Parade held?

answers: text: Houston Greek Festival, Art Car Parade, the Houston Auto Show, the Houston International Festival, and the Bayou City Art Festival
question: What is some other annual events held in Houston?

answers: text: the Bayou City Art Festival
question: What art festival held in Houston is one of the top 5 in the US?

answers: text: Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo
question: What event is the longest running in Houston?

answers: text: March
question: When is the Houston Livestock show and Rodeo held?

answers: text: end of June
question: When is the Houston Pride Parade held?

answers: text: Art Car Parade
question: What form of car parade is held in Houston?

answers: text: one of the top five
question: Where does the Bayou City Art Festival rank in U.S. art festivals?

context: Of the 10 most populous U.S. cities, Houston has the most total area of parks and green space, 56,405 acres (228 km2). The city also has over 200 additional green spaces—totaling over 19,600 acres (79 km2) that are managed by the city—including the Houston Arboretum and Nature Center. The Lee and Joe Jamail Skatepark is a public skatepark owned and operated by the city of Houston, and is one of the largest skateparks in Texas consisting of 30,000 (2,800 m2) square foot in-ground facility. The Gerald D. Hines Waterwall Park—located in the Uptown District of the city—serves as a popular tourist attraction, weddings, and various celebrations. A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked Houston the 23rd most walkable of the 50 largest cities in the United States. Wet'n'Wild SplashTown is a water park located north of Houston.
qas: answers: text: parks and green space
question: What does Houston have the most of compared to other large US cities?

answers: text: 19,600
question: How many acres of land does Houston's green spaces cover?

answers: text: the city
question: Who manages Houston's green spaces?

answers: text: The Lee and Joe Jamail Skatepark
question: What is one of the largest skate parks in Texas?

answers: text: Walk Score
question: Who ranked Houston the 23rd most walkable of the 50 largest cities in the US?

answers: text: 56,405 acres
question: How many acres of parks does Houston have?

answers: text: Joe Jamail
question: After whom is the Houston skate park named?

answers: text: city of Houston
question: Who owns and runs the skate park in Houston?

answers: text: Gerald D. Hines
question: For whom was the Uptown District water park in Houston named?

answers: text: 23rd
question: How does Houston rank as a walkable city?

context: The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Houston is a home rule city and all municipal elections in the state of Texas are nonpartisan. The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council. The current mayor of Houston is Sylvester Turner, a Democrat elected on a nonpartisan ballot. Houston's mayor serves as the city's chief administrator, executive officer, and official representative, and is responsible for the general management of the city and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced.
qas: answers: text: Sylvester Turner
question: Who is the current mayor of Houston?

answers: text: strong mayoral form of municipal government
question: What form of government does Houston have?

answers: text: the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council
question: Who are Houston's elected officials?

answers: text: the city's chief administrator, executive officer, and official representative
question: What does Houston's mayor also serve as?

answers: text: seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced
question: Besides the general management of the city, Houston's mayor is also responsible for what?

answers: text: strong mayoral
question: What is the form of city  government in Houston?

answers: text: nonpartisan
question: What type of municipal elections are held in Texas?

answers: text: 16
question: Besides the mayor and controller, how many members are there on the city council?

answers: text: Sylvester Turner
question: Who is the mayor of Houston since the last election?

answers: text: Democrat
question: To what political party is Mayor Turner aligned? 

context: The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area is served by one public television station and two public radio stations. KUHT (HoustonPBS) is a PBS member station and is the first public television station in the United States. Houston Public Radio is listener-funded and comprises two NPR member stations: KUHF (KUHF News) and KUHA (Classical 91.7). KUHF is news/talk radio and KUHA is a classical music station. The University of Houston System owns and holds broadcasting licenses to KUHT, KUHF, and KUHA. The stations broadcast from the Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting, located on the campus of the University of Houston.
qas: answers: text: KUHT (HoustonPBS)
question: What was the first public television station in the US?

answers: text: listener-funded
question: How is Houston Public Radio funded?

answers: text: two NPR member stations
question: Houston Public Radio us comprised of how many stations?

answers: text: KUHF (KUHF News) and KUHA (Classical 91.7)
question: What stations comprise Houston Public Radio?

answers: text: The University of Houston
question: Who owns the KUHT, KUHF, and KUHA stations?

answers: text: KUHT
question: Which of Houston's television stations was the first public television station in the U.S.?

answers: text: news/talk radio
question: What kind of radio station is KUHF?

answers: text: classical music
question: What type of radio station is KUHA?

answers: text: University of Houston
question: Where is the Melcher Center located?

answers: text: Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting
question: From what building do the two public radio stations broadcast?

context: Houston (i/ˈhjuːstən/ HYOO-stən) is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth most populous city in the United States, located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million people, within a land area of 599.6 square miles (1,553 km2), it also is the largest city in the Southern United States, as well as the seat of Harris County. It is the principal city of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land, which is the fifth most populated metropolitan area in the United States.
qas: answers: text: in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico
question: Where is Houston located?

answers: text: fourth
question: Where is Houston ranked among the most populous cities in the US?

answers: text: 2.239 million people
question: What was the population of Houston in 2014?

answers: text: Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land
question: What is the fifth most populated metropolitan area in the US?

answers: text: Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land
question: What is Houston the principle city of?

answers: text: Houston
question: What is the most populous city in Texas?

answers: text: fourth
question: How does Houston rank as to population in the U.S.?

answers: text: 2.239 million
question: According to the 2014 census, how many people live in Houston?

answers: text: Harris County
question: Houston is located in which Texas county?

answers: text: 599.6 square miles
question: What is the land are of the City of Houston?

context: By 1860, Houston had emerged as a commercial and railroad hub for the export of cotton. Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston, where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont. During the American Civil War, Houston served as a headquarters for General John Bankhead Magruder, who used the city as an organization point for the Battle of Galveston. After the Civil War, Houston businessmen initiated efforts to widen the city's extensive system of bayous so the city could accept more commerce between downtown and the nearby port of Galveston. By 1890, Houston was the railroad center of Texas.
qas: answers: text: cotton
question: What commodity was Houston known for in 1860? 

answers: text: rail lines
question: What type of roads converged in Houston?

answers: text: General John Bankhead Magruder
question: Which Civil War general used Houston as a headquarters?

answers: text: Battle of Galveston
question: For what battle was Houston used as an organization point ?

answers: text: railroad center of Texas
question: What was Houston known for by 1890?

context: In August 2005, Houston became a shelter to more than 150,000 people from New Orleans who evacuated from Hurricane Katrina. One month later, approximately 2.5 million Houston area residents evacuated when Hurricane Rita approached the Gulf Coast, leaving little damage to the Houston area. This was the largest urban evacuation in the history of the United States. In September 2008, Houston was hit by Hurricane Ike. As many as forty percent refused to leave Galveston Island because they feared the traffic problems that happened after Hurricane Rita.
qas: answers: text: Hurricane Rita
question: What event caused 2.5 million people to evacuate through Houston?

answers: text: largest urban evacuation
question: The evacuation of the Gulf coast before Hurricane Rita was what type of evacuation?

answers: text: 150,000
question: How many people evacuated to Houston after Hurricane Katrina?

answers: text: forty percent
question: Fearing traffic problems, how many people refused to leave Galveston before Hurricane Ike?

answers: text: September 2008
question: When did Hurricane Ike hit the Houston area?

context: Though Houston is the largest city in the United States without formal zoning regulations, it has developed similarly to other Sun Belt cities because the city's land use regulations and legal covenants have played a similar role. Regulations include mandatory lot size for single-family houses and requirements that parking be available to tenants and customers. Such restrictions have had mixed results. Though some have blamed the city's low density, urban sprawl, and lack of pedestrian-friendliness on these policies, the city's land use has also been credited with having significant affordable housing, sparing Houston the worst effects of the 2008 real estate crisis. The city issued 42,697 building permits in 2008 and was ranked first in the list of healthiest housing markets for 2009.
qas: answers: text: Houston
question: What is the largest city in the U.S. without formal zoning?

answers: text: mandatory lot size
question: Besides parking requirements, what land use regulations does Houston have?

answers: text: affordable housing
question: What is Houston's land use policies credited with producing?

answers: text: real estate crisis
question: What serious situation of 2008 was Houston spared?

answers: text: 42,697
question: How many building permits were issued in 2008 in Houston?

context: The Houston area is a leading center for building oilfield equipment. Much of its success as a petrochemical complex is due to its busy ship channel, the Port of Houston. In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and tenth among the largest ports in the world. Unlike most places, high oil and gasoline prices are beneficial for Houston's economy, as many of its residents are employed in the energy industry. Houston is the beginning or end point of numerous oil, gas, and products pipelines:
qas: answers: text: oilfield equipment
question: Of what is Houston a center?

answers: text: petrochemical complex
question: What has the Houston ship channel served to promote into success?

answers: text: first
question: Where does the Port of Houston rank in international commerce?

answers: text: tenth
question: Where does Houston rate in the size ranking of world ports?

answers: text: pipelines
question: What lines begin or end in Houston?

context: The Houston Theater District, located downtown, is home to nine major performing arts organizations and six performance halls. It is the second-largest concentration of theater seats in a downtown area in the United States. Houston is one of few United States cities with permanent, professional, resident companies in all major performing arts disciplines: opera (Houston Grand Opera), ballet (Houston Ballet), music (Houston Symphony Orchestra), and theater (The Alley Theatre). Houston is also home to folk artists, art groups and various small progressive arts organizations. Houston attracts many touring Broadway acts, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests. Facilities in the Theater District include the Jones Hall—home of the Houston Symphony Orchestra and Society for the Performing Arts—and the Hobby Center for the Performing Arts.
qas: answers: text: Houston Theater District
question: What area of Houston hosts performing arts?

answers: text: theater seats
question: Of what is Houston second in performing arts?

answers: text: Hobby Center for the Performing Arts
question: Besides Jones Hall, what other organization is housed in the Theater District?

answers: text: major performing arts
question: To what type of arts is Houston home?

answers: text: Houston Symphony Orchestra
question: To what group is Jones Hall home?

context: The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks. Bayou Place is a large multilevel building containing full-service restaurants, bars, live music, billiards, and Sundance Cinema. The Bayou Music Center stages live concerts, stage plays, and stand-up comedy. Space Center Houston is the official visitors' center of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. The Space Center has many interactive exhibits including moon rocks, a shuttle simulator, and presentations about the history of NASA's manned space flight program. Other tourist attractions include the Galleria (Texas's largest shopping mall, located in the Uptown District), Old Market Square, the Downtown Aquarium, and Sam Houston Race Park.
qas: answers: text: 17-block area
question: How much area of downtown Houston does the Theater District cover?

answers: text: Bayou Music Center
question: What place produces live concerts, plays and comedy?

answers: text: Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center
question: Where is Space Center Houston?

answers: text: interactive exhibits
question: What tourist offerings does the Space Center have?

answers: text: shopping mall
question: What is the Galleria the largest of in Texas?

context: Minute Maid Park (home of the Astros) and Toyota Center (home of the Rockets), are located in downtown Houston. Houston has the NFL's first retractable-roof stadium with natural grass, NRG Stadium (home of the Texans). Minute Maid Park is also a retractable-roof stadium. Toyota Center also has the largest screen for an indoor arena in the United States built to coincide with the arena's hosting of the 2013 NBA All-Star Game. BBVA Compass Stadium is a soccer-specific stadium for the Dynamo, the Texas Southern University football team, and Dash, located in East Downtown. In addition, NRG Astrodome was the first indoor stadium in the world, built in 1965. Other sports facilities include Hofheinz Pavilion (Houston Cougars basketball), Rice Stadium (Rice Owls football), and Reliant Arena. TDECU Stadium is where the University of Houston Houston Cougars football team plays. Houston has hosted several major sports events: the 1968, 1986 and 2004 Major League Baseball All-Star Games; the 1989, 2006 and 2013 NBA All-Star Games; Super Bowl VIII and Super Bowl XXXVIII, as well as hosting the 2005 World Series and 1981, 1986, 1994 and 1995 NBA Finals, winning the latter two. Super Bowl LI is currently slated to be hosted in NRG Stadium in 2017.
qas: answers: text: BBVA Compass Stadium
question: Which stadium is located in east downtown in Houston?

answers: text: downtown
question: Where in Houston is the Toyota Center located?

answers: text: NRG Astrodome
question: What was the first indoor stadium in the world?

answers: text: NRG Stadium
question: What is the home of the Texans named?

answers: text: Minute Maid Park
question: What is the name of the stadium that hosts the Houston Astros?

context: Several private institutions of higher learning—ranging from liberal arts colleges, such as The University of St. Thomas, Houston's only Catholic university, to Rice University, the nationally recognized research university—are located within the city. Rice, with a total enrollment of slightly more than 6,000 students, has a number of distinguished graduate programs and research institutes, such as the James A. Baker Institute for Public Policy. Houston Baptist University, affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas, offers bachelor's and graduate degrees. It was founded in 1960 and is located in the Sharpstown area in Southwest Houston.
qas: answers: text: The University of St. Thomas
question: What is Houston's one Catholic university?

answers: text: Rice University
question: What famous research university is located in Houston?

answers: text: 6,000
question: What is the student enrollment of Rice University?

answers: text: 1960
question: When was Houston Baptist University founded?

answers: text: Sharpstown
question: What area in Houston is the home of the Houston Baptist University?

context: Houston is the seat of the internationally renowned Texas Medical Center, which contains the world's largest concentration of research and healthcare institutions. All 49 member institutions of the Texas Medical Center are non-profit organizations. They provide patient and preventive care, research, education, and local, national, and international community well-being. Employing more than 73,600 people, institutions at the medical center include 13 hospitals and two specialty institutions, two medical schools, four nursing schools, and schools of dentistry, public health, pharmacy, and virtually all health-related careers. It is where one of the first—and still the largest—air emergency service, Life Flight, was created, and a very successful inter-institutional transplant program was developed. More heart surgeries are performed at the Texas Medical Center than anywhere else in the world.
qas: answers: text: Texas Medical Center
question: Where in Houston is the world's largest grouping of healthcare institutions?

answers: text: 49
question: How many non profit organizations are members of the Medical Center?

answers: text: 73,600
question: How many people are employed in the Texas Medical Center?

answers: text: 13
question: How many hospitals belong to the Medical Center group of organizations?

answers: text: Life Flight
question: What is the name of the first air emergency service?

context: Houston was the headquarters of Continental Airlines until its 2010 merger with United Airlines with headquarters in Chicago; regulatory approval for the merger was granted in October of that year. Bush Intercontinental became United Airlines' largest airline hub. The airline retained a significant operational presence in Houston while offering more than 700 daily departures from the city. In early 2007, Bush Intercontinental Airport was named a model "port of entry" for international travelers by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
qas: answers: text: Continental Airlines
question: Until 2010, which airline made Houston its headquarters?

answers: text: Bush Intercontinental
question: Where is United Airlines' largest air hub?

answers: text: United Airlines
question: With which airline did Continental Airlines merge?

answers: text: 700
question: How many daily flights did United Airlines offer from Houston?

answers: text: 2007
question: In what year was Bush Intercontinental named a model by U.S. Customs?

context: Houston's economy has a broad industrial base in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics, and transportation. It is also leading in health care sectors and building oilfield equipment; only New York City is home to more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled and second in total cargo tonnage handled. Nicknamed the Space City, Houston is a global city, with strengths in business, international trade, entertainment, culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine and research. The city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has been described as the most diverse in the United States. It is home to many cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District. Houston has an active visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District and offers year-round resident companies in all major performing arts.
qas: answers: text: New York City
question: What city has more Fortune 500 headquarters than Houston?

answers: text: Port of Houston
question: What part of Houston ranks first in the U.S. in international tonnage?

answers: text: Space City
question: What is Houston's nickname? 

answers: text: ethnic and religious backgrounds
question: What is varied about Houston's population?

answers: text: Houston
question: What city is the most diverse in Texas?

context: Houston has mild winters in contrast to most areas of the United States. In January, the normal mean temperature at Intercontinental Airport is 53.1 °F (11.7 °C), while that station has an average of 13 days with a low at or below freezing. Snowfall is rare. Recent snow events in Houston include a storm on December 24, 2004 when one inch (2.5 cm) of snow accumulated in parts of the metro area. Falls of at least one inch on both December 10, 2008 and December 4, 2009 marked the first time measurable snowfall had occurred in two consecutive years in the city's recorded history. The coldest temperature officially recorded in Houston was 5 °F (−15 °C) on January 18, 1940. Houston has historically received an ample amount of rainfall, averaging about 49.8 in (1,260 mm) annually per 1981–2010 normals. Localized flooding often occurs, owing to the extremely flat topography and widespread typical clay-silt prairie soils, which do not drain quickly.
qas: answers: text: mild winters
question: What kind of winter weather does Houston have?

answers: text: 53.1 °F
question: What is the usual mean temperature in Houston?

answers: text: Snowfall
question: What type of weather is a rarity in Houston?

answers: text: January 18, 1940
question: When was the coldest reported temperature in Houston?

answers: text: 49.8 in
question: How much rain does Houston usually get per year?

context: The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit and 24,000 local jobs generated. This is in addition to the 12,500 new graduates the U.H. System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout the state of Texas. These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston. After five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region.
qas: answers: text: $1.1 billion
question: How much money does the University of Houston attract to Houston a year?

answers: text: 24,000
question: How many local jobs are produced by the University of Houston?

answers: text: 12,500
question: How many student graduate from the University of Houston per year?

answers: text: in Houston
question: Where do most university graduates stay after acquiring a degree?

answers: text: 80.5%
question: Even after five years, how many graduates remain in Houston?

context: Houston was founded in 1836 on land near the banks of Buffalo Bayou (now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded and won at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of where the city was established. The burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the city's population. In the mid-twentieth century, Houston became the home of the Texas Medical Center—the world's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions—and NASA's Johnson Space Center, where the Mission Control Center is located.
qas: answers: text: 1836
question: When was Houston founded?

answers: text: Buffalo Bayou
question: Where is Allen's Landing?

answers: text: June 5, 1837
question: When was the City of Houston incorporated?

answers: text: Sam Houston
question: For whom was Houston named?

answers: text: Battle of San Jacinto
question: For what battle was Sam Houston known as commander?

context: Located in the American South, Houston is a diverse city with a large and growing international community. The metropolitan area is home to an estimated 1.1 million (21.4 percent) residents who were born outside the United States, with nearly two-thirds of the area's foreign-born population from south of the United States–Mexico border. Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 86 countries.
qas: answers: text: South
question: In what part of the United States is Houston located?

answers: text: international community
question: What part of the Houston population is growing?

answers: text: 1.1 million
question: How many of the people who live in Houston were foreign born?

answers: text: two-thirds
question: What percentage of Houston's foreign born population is from south of the U.S.-Mexican border?

answers: text: one in five
question: How many foreign born Houstonites are from Asia?

context: In 1900, after Galveston was struck by a devastating hurricane, efforts to make Houston into a viable deep-water port were accelerated. The following year, oil discovered at the Spindletop oil field near Beaumont prompted the development of the Texas petroleum industry. In 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt approved a $1 million improvement project for the Houston Ship Channel. By 1910 the city's population had reached 78,800, almost doubling from a decade before. African-Americans formed a large part of the city's population, numbering 23,929 people, or nearly one-third of the residents.
qas: answers: text: hurricane
question: What event caused an increase in effort to promote the Houston port?

answers: text: Spindletop
question: Where was oil found that promoted the development of the oil industry in Houston?

answers: text: Beaumont
question: Near what Texas city is the Spindletop oil field located?

answers: text: 1910
question: In what year did Houston's population reach 78,000?

answers: text: President Theodore Roosevelt
question: Who approved the improvement project for the Houston ship channel?

context: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 656.3 square miles (1,700 km2); this comprises 634.0 square miles (1,642 km2) of land and 22.3 square miles (58 km2) of water. The Piney Woods is north of Houston. Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland and forest. Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, swamp, or prairie which resembles the Deep South, and are all still visible in surrounding areas. Flatness of the local terrain, when combined with urban sprawl, has made flooding a recurring problem for the city. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level, and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 125 feet (38 m) in elevation. The city once relied on groundwater for its needs, but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston, Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston. The city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion gallons of water a day in addition to 150 million gallons a day worth of groundwater.
qas: answers: text: 656.3 square miles
question: What is the square mile area of Houston?

answers: text: 22.3 square miles
question: How much of Houston's total area is water?

answers: text: gulf coastal plain
question: In what topography is Houston located?

answers: text: temperate grassland and forest
question: How is the vegetation of the area classified?

answers: text: flooding
question: What kind of weather event is a recurring problem for Houston?

context: During the summer months, it is common for temperatures to reach over 90 °F (32 °C), with an average of 106.5 days per year, including a majority from June to September, with a high of 90 °F or above and 4.6 days at or over 100 °F (38 °C). However, humidity usually yields a higher heat index. Summer mornings average over 90 percent relative humidity. Winds are often light in the summer and offer little relief, except in the far southeastern outskirts near the Gulf coast and Galveston. To cope with the strong humidity and heat, people use air conditioning in nearly every vehicle and building. In 1980, Houston was described as the "most air-conditioned place on earth". Officially, the hottest temperature ever recorded in Houston is 109 °F (43 °C), which was reached both on September 4, 2000 and August 28, 2011.
qas: answers: text: 106.5
question: How many days per year are Houston temperatures over 90 degrees?

answers: text: 4.6
question: How many days a year do Houston temperatures average above 100 degrees?

answers: text: humidity
question: What weather factor produces a higher heat index?

answers: text: Winds
question: What weather factor provides little in heat relief in Houston?

answers: text: 109 °F
question: What was the highest temperature recorded in Houston?

context: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first US city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker.
qas: answers: text: divided
question: What is the political climate of Houston?

answers: text: wealthier areas
question: Who in Houston tends to vote Republican?

answers: text: Democratic
question: How do the working and minority areas vote in Houston?

answers: text: 62 percent
question: What percent of Hispanics vote Democrat?

answers: text: 68 percent
question: What percent of non-Hispanic whites vote Republican?

context: According to the 2010 Census, whites made up 51% of Houston's population; 26% of the total population were non-Hispanic whites. Blacks or African Americans made up 25% of Houston's population. American Indians made up 0.7% of the population. Asians made up 6% (1.7% Vietnamese, 1.3% Chinese, 1.3% Indian, 0.9% Pakistani, 0.4% Filipino, 0.3% Korean, 0.1% Japanese), while Pacific Islanders made up 0.1%. Individuals from some other race made up 15.2% of the city's population, of which 0.2% were non-Hispanic. Individuals from two or more races made up 3.3% of the city. At the 2000 Census, there were 1,953,631 people and the population density was 3,371.7 people per square mile (1,301.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 49.3% White, 25.3% African American, 5.3% Asian, 0.7% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 16.5% from some other race, and 3.1% from two or more races. In addition, Hispanics made up 37.4% of Houston's population while non-Hispanic whites made up 30.8%, down from 62.4% in 1970.
qas: answers: text: 51%
question: How much of Houston's population is white?

answers: text: 25%
question: What percentage of Houston's population is African-American?

answers: text: Asians
question: What group makes up 6 % of Houston's population?

answers: text: 1,953,631
question: According to the 2000 census, what is the population of Houston?

answers: text: 62.4%
question: What was the percentage of whites in 1970?

context: The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land MSA's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2012 was $489 billion, making it the fourth-largest of any metropolitan area in the United States and larger than Austria's, Venezuela's, or South Africa's GDP. Only 26 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product (GAP). In 2010, mining (which consists almost entirely of exploration and production of oil and gas in Houston) accounted for 26.3% of Houston's GAP up sharply in response to high energy prices and a decreased worldwide surplus of oil production capacity, followed by engineering services, health services, and manufacturing.
qas: answers: text: $489 billion
question: What was Houston's gross domestic product in 2012?

answers: text: fourth-largest
question: Where in the rankings does Houston's gross domestic product place it compared to other U.S. domestic areas?

answers: text: 26
question: How many other countries have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's?

answers: text: 26.3%
question: How much did oil and gas exploration and production make up Houston's gross product?

answers: text: mining
question: Under what category does oil and gas exploration fall?

context: The Baylor College of Medicine has annually been considered within the top ten medical schools in the nation; likewise, the MD Anderson Cancer Center has consistently ranked as one of the top two U.S. hospitals specializing in cancer care by U.S. News & World Report since 1990. The Menninger Clinic, a renowned psychiatric treatment center, is affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital System. With hospital locations nationwide and headquarters in Houston, the Triumph Healthcare hospital system is the third largest long term acute care provider nationally.
qas: answers: text: Baylor College of Medicine
question: What Houston medical school ranks in the top ten U.S. medical schools?

answers: text: one of the top two
question: How does MD Anderson Cancer Center rank in US hospitals dealing with cancer care?

answers: text: psychiatric
question: What type of treatments does the Menninger Clinic offer?

answers: text: Triumph Healthcare
question: What is the third largest acute care center in the U.S.?

answers: text: Houston
question: Where is the Triumph Healthcare hospital headquartered?

context: In 2013, Houston was identified as the #1 U.S. city for job creation by the U.S. Bureau of Statistics after it was not only the first major city to regain all the jobs lost in the preceding economic downturn, but after the crash, more than two jobs were added for every one lost. Economist and vice president of research at the Greater Houston Partnership Patrick Jankowski attributed Houston's success to the ability of the region's real estate and energy industries to learn from historical mistakes. Furthermore, Jankowski stated that "more than 100 foreign-owned companies relocated, expanded or started new businesses in Houston" between 2008 and 2010, and this openness to external business boosted job creation during a period when domestic demand was problematically low. Also in 2013, Houston again appeared on Forbes' list of Best Places for Business and Careers.
qas: answers: text: #1
question: Where did Houston rank for job creation in 2013?

answers: text: two
question: How many jobs did Houston add for every one lost?

answers: text: more than 100
question: How many foreign companies relocated to Houston?

answers: text: Best Places for Business and Careers
question: On what Forbes list did Houston appear in 2013?

answers: text: jobs lost
question: What was Houston the first city to do regain after the recession caused job loss?

context: Three community college districts exist with campuses in and around Houston. The Houston Community College System serves most of Houston. The northwestern through northeastern parts of the city are served by various campuses of the Lone Star College System, while the southeastern portion of Houston is served by San Jacinto College, and a northeastern portion is served by Lee College. The Houston Community College and Lone Star College systems are within the 10 largest institutions of higher learning in the United States.
qas: answers: text: Three
question: How many community colleges serve Houston?

answers: text: within the 10 largest
question: How are the Houston Community College and Lone Star College systems ranked among educational facilities?

answers: text: Houston Community College System
question: What college system serves most of Houston?

answers: text: Lone Star College System
question: Which community college system serves the northwestern and northeastern areas?

answers: text: southeastern
question: What part of Houston does San Jacinto College serve?

context: METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004, with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at NRG Park. METRO is currently in the design phase of a 10-year expansion plan that will add five more lines. and expand the current Red Line. Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service three times a week to Houston via the Sunset Limited (Los Angeles–New Orleans), which stops at a train station on the north side of the downtown area. The station saw 14,891 boardings and alightings in fiscal year 2008. In 2012, there was a 25 percent increase in ridership to 20,327 passengers embarking from the Houston Amtrak station.
qas: answers: text: January 1, 2004
question: When did Houston start using light rail lines?

answers: text: about 8 miles
question: How long was the first light rail line in Houston?

answers: text: NRG Park
question: Where did the Red Line rail track terminate?

answers: text: five
question: How many new rail lines are planned for the future in Houston light rail?

answers: text: 20,327
question: How many passengers used Amtrak to embark at Houston?

context: The second-largest commercial airport is William P. Hobby Airport (named Houston International Airport until 1967) which operates primarily short- to medium-haul domestic flights. However, in 2015 Southwest Airlines launched service from a new international terminal at Hobby airport to several destinations in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. These were the first international flights flown from Hobby since 1969. Houston's aviation history is showcased in the 1940 Air Terminal Museum located in the old terminal building on the west side of the airport. Hobby Airport has been recognized with two awards for being one of the top five performing airports in the world and for customer service by Airports Council International.
qas: answers: text: William P. Hobby Airport
question: What is the second airport that serves Houston?

answers: text: Houston International Airport
question: What was the earlier name of Hobby Airport?

answers: text: 1967
question: When was Houston International Airport renamed to Hobby Airport?

answers: text: Southwest Airlines
question: Which airline now offers international flights from Hobby Airport?

answers: text: customer service
question: For what is Hobby Airport ranked in the top five performing airports?

context: The Houston area has over 150 active faults (estimated to be 300 active faults) with an aggregate length of up to 310 miles (500 km), including the Long Point–Eureka Heights fault system which runs through the center of the city. There have been no significant historically recorded earthquakes in Houston, but researchers do not discount the possibility of such quakes having occurred in the deeper past, nor occurring in the future. Land in some areas southeast of Houston is sinking because water has been pumped out of the ground for many years. It may be associated with slip along the faults; however, the slippage is slow and not considered an earthquake, where stationary faults must slip suddenly enough to create seismic waves. These faults also tend to move at a smooth rate in what is termed "fault creep", which further reduces the risk of an earthquake.
qas: answers: text: 300
question: How many estimated active faults does Houston have?

answers: text: 310 miles
question: What is the total length of the Houston faults?

answers: text: water
question: What geological feature has been removed underground to cause sinking in areas of southeast Houston?

answers: text: Long Point–Eureka Heights
question: Which of the geologic faults run through the center of Houston?

answers: text: fault creep
question: What is a slow smooth rate of movement of faults called?

context: Houston was incorporated in 1837 under the ward system of representation. The ward designation is the progenitor of the eleven current-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts. Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 Loop. The inside encompasses the central business district and many residential neighborhoods that predate World War II. More recently, high-density residential areas have been developed within the loop. The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop. Beltway 8 encircles the city another 5 miles (8.0 km) farther out.
qas: answers: text: ward system
question: What system of incorporation was used in 1837 by Houston?

answers: text: Houston City Council districts
question: What is the present day system being used by Houston for representation?

answers: text: Interstate 610 Loop
question: What highway is used to designate locations in Houston?

answers: text: central business district
question: Beside older pre-World War II residences, what is found inside the Loop? 

answers: text: Beltway 8
question: What highway circles the outer areas of Houston?

context: Centered on Post Oak Boulevard and Westheimer Road, the Uptown District boomed during the 1970s and early 1980s when a collection of mid-rise office buildings, hotels, and retail developments appeared along Interstate 610 west. Uptown became one of the most prominent instances of an edge city. The tallest building in Uptown is the 64-floor, 901-foot (275 m)-tall, Philip Johnson and John Burgee designed landmark Williams Tower (known as the Transco Tower until 1999). At the time of construction, it was believed to be the world's tallest skyscraper outside of a central business district. The new 20-story Skanska building and BBVA Compass Plaza are the newest office buildings built in Uptown after 30 years. The Uptown District is also home to buildings designed by noted architects I. M. Pei, César Pelli, and Philip Johnson. In the late 1990s and early 2000s decade, there was a mini-boom of mid-rise and high-rise residential tower construction, with several over 30 stories tall. Since 2000 more than 30 high-rise buildings have gone up in Houston; all told, 72 high-rises tower over the city, which adds up to about 8,300 units. In 2002, Uptown had more than 23 million square feet (2,100,000 m²) of office space with 16 million square feet (1,500,000 m²) of Class A office space.
qas: answers: text: Uptown District
question: What area is located at Post Oak Boulevard and Westheimer Road?

answers: text: 1970s and early 1980s
question: When did the Uptown district expand?

answers: text: Williams Tower
question: What is the tallest building in Uptown Houston?

answers: text: 23 million
question: How many square feet of office space did Houston have in Uptown in 2002?

answers: text: Transco Tower
question: Until 1999 what was the Williams Tower known as?

context: Houston is recognized worldwide for its energy industry—particularly for oil and natural gas—as well as for biomedical research and aeronautics. Renewable energy sources—wind and solar—are also growing economic bases in the city. The Houston Ship Channel is also a large part of Houston's economic base. Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network and global management consulting firm A.T. Kearney. The Houston area is the top U.S. market for exports, surpassing New York City in 2013, according to data released by the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration. In 2012, the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land area recorded $110.3 billion in merchandise exports. Petroleum products, chemicals, and oil and gas extraction equipment accounted for approximately two-thirds of the metropolitan area's exports last year. The Top 3 destinations for exports were Mexico, Canada, and Brazil.
qas: answers: text: biomedical research and aeronautics
question: Besides oil and gas, what is Houston known for?

answers: text: Houston Ship Channel
question: What other industry is a large part of Houston's economy?

answers: text: global city
question: What designation does the Globalization and World Cities Study Group give Houston?

answers: text: market for exports
question: In what did Houston pass New York City in 2013?

answers: text: $110.3 billion
question: How much in dollars did the Houston area export in 2012?

context: In 2008, Houston received top ranking on Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities of 2008 list, which ranks cities on their local economy, employment opportunities, reasonable living costs, and quality of life. The city ranked fourth for highest increase in the local technological innovation over the preceding 15 years, according to Forbes magazine. In the same year, the city ranked second on the annual Fortune 500 list of company headquarters, first for Forbes magazine's Best Cities for College Graduates, and first on their list of Best Cities to Buy a Home. In 2010, the city was rated the best city for shopping, according to Forbes.
qas: answers: text: top ranking
question: How did Kiplinger's Personal Finance Best Cities rate Houston?

answers: text: 2008
question: When did Houston receive a ranking in the top of Kiplinger's Best cities list?

answers: text: fourth
question: Where did Forbes magazine place Houston for technological innovation?

answers: text: second
question: Where did Houston place for Fortune 500 companies?

answers: text: 2010
question: When was Houston ranked the best city for shopping?

context: Houston has sports teams for every major professional league except the National Hockey League (NHL). The Houston Astros are a Major League Baseball (MLB) expansion team formed in 1962 (known as the "Colt .45s" until 1965) that made one World Series appearance in 2005. The Houston Rockets are a National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise based in the city since 1971. They have won two NBA Championships: in 1994 and 1995 under star players Hakeem Olajuwon, Otis Thorpe, Clyde Drexler, Vernon Maxwell, and Kenny Smith. The Houston Texans are a National Football League (NFL) expansion team formed in 2002. The Houston Dynamo are a Major League Soccer (MLS) franchise that has been based in Houston since 2006 after they won two MLS Cup titles in 2006 and 2007. The Houston Dash play in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). The Scrap Yard Dawgs, a women's pro softball team, is expected to play in the National Pro Fastpitch (NPF) from 2016.
qas: answers: text: National Hockey League
question: For which sports team category does Houston not have a team ?

answers: text: 1971
question: Since what year have the Houston Rockets been a Houston team?

answers: text: 1962
question: When were the Houston Astros formed?

answers: text: Colt .45s
question: Until 1965 what were the Houston Astros called?

answers: text: 2005
question: When were the Houston Astros in the World Series?

context: The original city council line-up of 14 members (nine district-based and five at-large positions) was based on a U.S. Justice Department mandate which took effect in 1979. At-large council members represent the entire city. Under the city charter, once the population in the city limits exceeded 2.1 million residents, two additional districts were to be added. The city of Houston's official 2010 census count was 600 shy of the required number; however, as the city was expected to grow beyond 2.1 million shortly thereafter, the two additional districts were added for, and the positions filled during, the August 2011 elections.
qas: answers: text: 14
question: How many members did the original Houston city council have?

answers: text: five
question: How many at-large positions were there originally?

answers: text: entire city
question: What areas do at-large council members represent?

answers: text: 2.1 million
question: What population figure needs to be passed to add at large council members?

answers: text: two
question: How many at-large council members were added in the 2011 elections?

context: Four separate and distinct state universities are located in Houston. The University of Houston is a nationally recognized Tier One research university, and is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System. The third-largest university in Texas, the University of Houston has nearly 40,000 students on its 667-acre campus in southeast Houston. The University of Houston–Clear Lake and the University of Houston–Downtown are stand-alone universities; they are not branch campuses of the University of Houston. Located in the historic community of Third Ward is Texas Southern University, one of the largest historically black colleges and universities in the United States.
qas: answers: text: 40,000
question: How many students does the University of Houston have?

answers: text: southeast
question: Where in Houston is the University of Houston campus located?

answers: text: Four
question: How many separate universities does Houston have?

answers: text: Texas Southern University
question: What university is located in Houston'd third ward?

answers: text: largest historically black
question: What kind of college is Texas Southern University?

context: Houston is served by the Houston Chronicle, its only major daily newspaper with wide distribution. The Hearst Corporation, which owns and operates the Houston Chronicle, bought the assets of the Houston Post—its long-time rival and main competition—when Houston Post ceased operations in 1995. The Houston Post was owned by the family of former Lieutenant Governor Bill Hobby of Houston. The only other major publication to serve the city is the Houston Press—a free alternative weekly with a weekly readership of more than 300,000.
qas: answers: text: Houston Chronicle
question: What is Houston's major newspaper?

answers: text: Hearst Corporation
question: Who owns the Houston Chronicle?

answers: text: 1995
question: When did Chronicle rival newspaper, the Houston Post, cease operations?

answers: text: Bill Hobby
question: Whose family owned the Houston Post?

answers: text: Houston Press
question: What is the other newspaper that serves Houston?

context: Houston's highway system has a hub-and-spoke freeway structure serviced by multiple loops. The innermost loop is Interstate 610, which encircles downtown, the medical center, and many core neighborhoods with around a 8-mile (13 km) diameter. Beltway 8 and its freeway core, the Sam Houston Tollway, form the middle loop at a diameter of roughly 23 miles (37 km). A proposed highway project, State Highway 99 (Grand Parkway), will form a third loop outside of Houston, totaling 180 miles in length and making an almost-complete circumference, with the exception of crossing the ship channel. As of June 2014, two of eleven segments of State Highway 99 have been completed to the west of Houston, and three northern segments, totaling 38 miles, are actively under construction and scheduled to open to traffic late in 2015. In addition to the Sam Houston Tollway loop mentioned above, the Harris County Toll Road Authority currently operates four spoke tollways: The Katy Managed Lanes of Interstate 10, the Hardy Toll Road, the Westpark Tollway, and the Fort Bend Parkway Extension. Other spoke roads either planned or under construction include Crosby Freeway, and the future Alvin Freeway.
qas: answers: text: hub-and-spoke
question: What is the type of freeway system that serves Houston?

answers: text: Interstate 610
question: What encircles the downtown area of Houston?

answers: text: 8-mile
question: What is the diameter of the downtown area?

answers: text: middle loop
question: What part of the freeway system is Beltway 8?

answers: text: 23 miles
question: What is the diameter of the center of Beltway 8?

context: The primary city airport is George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), the tenth-busiest in the United States for total passengers, and twenty eighth-busiest worldwide. Bush Intercontinental currently ranks fourth in the United States for non-stop domestic and international service with 182 destinations. In 2006, the United States Department of Transportation named IAH the fastest-growing of the top ten airports in the United States. The Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center stands on the George Bush Intercontinental Airport grounds.
qas: answers: text: tenth-busiest
question: How does Houston's George Bush Intercontinental Airport rank for number of passengers?

answers: text: 182
question: How many destinations does George Bush Intercontinental Airport serve?

answers: text: 2006
question: When did the U.S. Department of Transportation name IAH as fastest growing of U.S. airports?

answers: text: George Bush Intercontinental Airport
question: Where is the Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center located?

answers: text: George Bush Intercontinental Airport
question: What is Houston's primary airport?