Pope_John_XXIII

context: Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.
qas: answers: text: Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
question: What was Pope Saint John XXIII's birth name?

answers: text: 25 November 1881
question: When was Pope Saint John XXIII born?

answers: text: 3 June 1963
question: When did Pope Saint XXIII die?

answers: text: 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963
question: How long did he reign as Pope?

answers: text: 10 August 1904
question: When was he ordained to the priesthood?

context: Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots. His selection was unexpected, and Roncalli himself had come to Rome with a return train ticket to Venice. He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in more than 500 years, and his choice settled the complicated question of official numbering attached to this papal name due to the antipope of this name. Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling the historic Second Vatican Council (1962–65), the first session opening on 11 October 1962. His passionate views on equality were summed up in his famous statement, "We were all made in God's image, and thus, we are all Godly alike." John XXIII made many passionate speeches during his pontificate, one of which was on the day that he opened the Second Vatican Council in the middle of the night to the crowd gathered in St. Peter's Square: "Dear children, returning home, you will find children: give your children a hug and say: This is a hug from the Pope!"
qas: answers: text: 76
question: How old was Roncalli when elected pope?

answers: text: 28 October 1958
question: When was Roncalli elected pope?

answers: text: 500 years
question: He was the first pope to take the pontifical name of "John" upon election in how long?

answers: text: Second Vatican Council
question: Pope John XXIII surprised those who expected him to be a caretaker pope by calling what?

answers: text: 11 October 1962
question: When did he call the Second Vatican Council?

context: Pope John XXIII did not live to see the Vatican Council to completion. He died of stomach cancer on 3 June 1963, four and a half years after his election and two months after the completion of his final and famed encyclical, Pacem in terris. He was buried in the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica on 6 June 1963 and his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by his successor, Pope Paul VI, who declared him a Servant of God. In addition to being named Venerable on 20 December 1999, he was beatified on 3 September 2000 by Pope John Paul II alongside Pope Pius IX and three others. Following his beatification, his body was moved on 3 June 2001 from its original place to the altar of Saint Jerome where it could be seen by the faithful. On 5 July 2013, Pope Francis – bypassing the traditionally required second miracle – declared John XXIII a saint, after unanimous agreement by a consistory, or meeting, of the College of Cardinals, based on the fact that he was considered to have lived a virtuous, model lifestyle, and because of the good for the Church which had come from his having opened the Second Vatican Council. He was canonised alongside Pope Saint John Paul II on 27 April 2014. John XXIII today is affectionately known as the "Good Pope" and in Italian, "il Papa buono".
qas: answers: text: 3 June 1963
question: When did the pope die?

answers: text: stomach cancer
question: What did the pope die of?

answers: text: the Vatican grottoes beneath Saint Peter's Basilica
question: Where was he buried?

answers: text: 3 September 2000
question: When was he beatified?

answers: text: the "Good Pope"
question: He is still known today as what?

context: The Roman Catholic Church celebrates his feast day not on the date of his death, June 3, as is usual, nor even on the day of his papal inauguration (as is sometimes done with Popes who are Saints, such as with John Paul II) but on 11 October, the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council. This is understandable, since he was the one who had had the idea for it and had convened it. On Thursday, 11 September 2014, Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days, in response to global requests. He is commemorated on the date of his death, 3 June, by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and on the following day, 4 June, by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States).
qas: answers: text: 11 October
question: When is his feast day celebrated?

answers: text: the day of the first session of the Second Vatican Council
question: What is October 11?

answers: text: 11 September 2014
question: When did Pope Francis added his optional memorial to the worldwide General Roman Calendar of saints' feast days?

answers: text: by the Evangelical Lutheran Church
question: Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 3 June?

answers: text: by the Anglican Church of Canada and the Episcopal Church (United States)
question: Where did Pope Francis commemorate his death on 4 June?

context: In February 1925, the Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri summoned him to the Vatican and informed him of Pope Pius XI's decision to appoint him as the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria (1925–35). On 3 March, Pius XI also named him for consecration as titular archbishop of Areopolis, Jordan. Roncalli was initially reluctant about a mission to Bulgaria, but he would soon relent. His nomination as apostolic visitor was made official on 19 March. Roncalli was consecrated by Giovanni Tacci Porcelli in the church of San Carlo alla Corso in Rome. After he was consecrated, he introduced his family to Pope Pius XI. He chose as his episcopal motto Obedientia et Pax ("Obedience and Peace"), which became his guiding motto. While he was in Bulgaria, an earthquake struck in a town not too far from where he was. Unaffected, he wrote to his sisters Ancilla and Maria and told them both that he was fine.
qas: answers: text: February 1925
question: When did Pietro Gasparri summon him to the Vatican?

answers: text: Pietro Gasparri
question: Who was the Cardinal Secretary of State in 1925?

answers: text: 1925–35
question: When was he the Apostolic Visitor to Bulgaria?

answers: text: 19 March
question: When was his nomination as apostolic visitor made official?

answers: text: Giovanni Tacci Porcelli
question: Who was he consecrated by?

context: On 30 November 1934, he was appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and titular archbishop of Mesembria, Bulgaria. Thus, he is known as "the Turcophile Pope," by the Turkish society which is predominantly Muslim. Roncalli took up this post in 1935 and used his office to help the Jewish underground in saving thousands of refugees in Europe, leading some to consider him to be a Righteous Gentile (see Pope John XXIII and Judaism). In October 1935, he led Bulgarian pilgrims to Rome and introduced them to Pope Pius XI on 14 October.
qas: answers: text: 30 November 1934
question: When was he appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece?

answers: text: Mesembria, Bulgaria
question: He was appointed titular archbishop of where?

answers: text: the Turcophile Pope
question: What ws he known by in the Turkish community?

answers: text: 1935
question: When did he take that position?

answers: text: Pope Pius XI
question: Who did he introduce Bulgarian pilgrims to?

context: In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying. On 10 February 1939, Pope Pius XI died. Roncalli was unable to see his mother for the end as the death of a pontiff meant that he would have to stay at his post until the election of a new pontiff. Unfortunately, she died on 20 February 1939, during the nine days of mourning for the late Pius XI. He was sent a letter by Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli, and Roncalli later recalled that it was probably the last letter Pacelli sent until his election as Pope Pius XII on 2 March 1939. Roncalli expressed happiness that Pacelli was elected, and, on radio, listened to the coronation of the new pontiff. 
qas: answers: text: February 1939
question: When did he hear that his mother was dying?

answers: text: 10 February 1939
question: When did Pope Pius XI die?

answers: text: 20 February 1939
question: When did his mother die?

answers: text: Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli
question: Who sent him the letter informing him of his mother's death?

answers: text: 2 March 1939
question: When was Pope Pius XII elected?

context: On 12 January 1953, he was appointed Patriarch of Venice and, accordingly, raised to the rank of Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca by Pope Pius XII. Roncalli left France for Venice on 23 February 1953 stopping briefly in Milan and then to Rome. On 15 March 1953, he took possession of his new diocese in Venice. As a sign of his esteem, the President of France, Vincent Auriol, claimed the ancient privilege possessed by French monarchs and bestowed the red biretta on Roncalli at a ceremony in the Élysée Palace. It was around this time that he, with the aid of Monsignor Bruno Heim, formed his coat of arms with a lion of Saint Mark on a white ground. Auriol also awarded Roncalli three months later with the award of Commander of the Legion of Honour.
qas: answers: text: 12 January 1953
question: When was he appointed Patriarch of Venice?

answers: text: Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca
question: Pope Pius XII raised him to what rank?

answers: text: 23 February 1953
question: When did he leave France for Venice?

answers: text: 15 March 1953
question: When did he take up his new diocese in Venice?

answers: text: Vincent Auriol
question: Who was the President of France in 1953?

context: His sister Ancilla would soon be diagnosed with stomach cancer in the early 1950s. Roncalli's last letter to her was dated on 8 November 1953 where he promised to visit her within the next week. He could not keep that promise, as Ancilla died on 11 November 1953 at the time when he was consecrating a new church in Venice. He attended her funeral back in his hometown. In his will around this time, he mentioned that he wished to be buried in the crypt of Saint Mark's in Venice with some of his predecessors rather than with the family in Sotto il Monte.
qas: answers: text: the early 1950s
question: When was his sister Ancilla diagnosed with stomach cancer?

answers: text: 8 November 1953
question: When did he send his last letter to his dying sister?

answers: text: 11 November 1953
question: When did Ancilla die?

answers: text: the crypt of Saint Mark's in Venice
question: Where did he want to be buried?

context: Following the death of Pope Pius XII on 9 October 1958, Roncalli watched the live funeral on his last full day in Venice on 11 October. His journal was specifically concerned with the funeral and the abused state of the late pontiff's corpse. Roncalli left Venice for the conclave in Rome well aware that he was papabile,[b] and after eleven ballots, was elected to succeed the late Pius XII, so it came as no surprise to him, though he had arrived at the Vatican with a return train ticket to Venice.[citation needed]
qas: answers: text: 9 October 1958
question: When did Pope Pius XII die?

answers: text: 11 October
question: When was his last full day in Venice?

answers: text: for the conclave in Rome
question: Why did Roncalli leave Venice?

answers: text: eleven ballots
question: He was elected pope after how many ballots?

context: Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal. Though his absence from the 1958 conclave did not make him ineligible – under Canon Law any Catholic male who is capable of receiving priestly ordination and episcopal consecration may be elected – the College of Cardinals usually chose the new pontiff from among the Cardinals who head archdioceses or departments of the Roman Curia that attend the papal conclave. At the time, as opposed to contemporary practice, the participating Cardinals did not have to be below age 80 to vote, there were few Eastern-rite Cardinals, and no Cardinals who were just priests at the time of their elevation.
qas: answers: text: Giovanni Battista Montini
question: Who was the Archbishop of Milan?

answers: text: archdioceses or departments of the Roman Curia
question: New pontiffs are chosen from Cardinals who head what?

answers: text: 1958
question: When was Montini absent from the conclave?

context: Roncalli was summoned to the final ballot of the conclave at 4:00 pm. He was elected pope at 4:30 pm with a total of 38 votes. After the long pontificate of Pope Pius XII, the cardinals chose a man who – it was presumed because of his advanced age – would be a short-term or "stop-gap" pope. They wished to choose a candidate who would do little during the new pontificate. Upon his election, Cardinal Eugene Tisserant asked him the ritual questions of whether he would accept and if so, what name he would take for himself. Roncalli gave the first of his many surprises when he chose "John" as his regnal name. Roncalli's exact words were "I will be called John". This was the first time in over 500 years that this name had been chosen; previous popes had avoided its use since the time of the Antipope John XXIII during the Western Schism several centuries before.
qas: answers: text: 4:00 pm
question: When was the final ballot of the conclave?

answers: text: 38 votes
question: How many votes did he have?

answers: text: John
question: What name did Roncalli choose?

answers: text: over 500 years
question: John had not been a chosen name in how long?

answers: text: Antipope John XXIII
question: Who was the last to choose the name John?

context: Far from being a mere "stopgap" pope, to great excitement, John XXIII called for an ecumenical council fewer than ninety years after the First Vatican Council (Vatican I's predecessor, the Council of Trent, had been held in the 16th century). This decision was announced on 29 January 1959 at the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini, who later became Pope Paul VI, remarked to Giulio Bevilacqua that "this holy old boy doesn't realise what a hornet's nest he's stirring up". From the Second Vatican Council came changes that reshaped the face of Catholicism: a comprehensively revised liturgy, a stronger emphasis on ecumenism, and a new approach to the world.
qas: answers: text: an ecumenical council
question: What did John XXIII call for?

answers: text: 29 January 1959
question: When was the decision made for this council?

answers: text: the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
question: Where was the decision made for this council?

answers: text: Pope Paul VI
question: Who did Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini later become?

context: John XXIII was an advocate for human rights which included the unborn and the elderly. He wrote about human rights in his Pacem in terris. He wrote, "Man has the right to live. He has the right to bodily integrity and to the means necessary for the proper development of life, particularly food, clothing, shelter, medical care, rest, and, finally, the necessary social services. In consequence, he has the right to be looked after in the event of ill health; disability stemming from his work; widowhood; old age; enforced unemployment; or whenever through no fault of his own he is deprived of the means of livelihood."
qas: answers: text: human rights
question: John XXIII was an advocate for what?

answers: text: his Pacem in terris
question: What did he write about human rights in?

answers: text: the unborn and the elderly
question: His advocacy from human rights included whom?

context: Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued use Pope Benedict XVI authorized in 2007, under the conditions indicated in his motu proprio Summorum Pontificum. In response to the directives of the Second Vatican Council, later editions of the Roman Missal present the 1970 form of the Roman Rite.
qas: answers: text: the Roman liturgy
question: John XXIII continued the gradual reform of what?

answers: text: the 1962 Roman Missal
question: He published changes that resulted in what?

answers: text: the Tridentine Mass
question: What did Pope Pius V establish in 1570?

answers: text: 2007
question: Pope Benedict XVI authorized continued use of the Roman Missal in what year?

answers: text: 1970
question: When was the Roman Rite created?

context: On 11 October 1962, the first session of the Second Vatican Council was held in the Vatican. He gave the Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech, which served as the opening address for the council. The day was basically electing members for several council commissions that would work on the issues presented in the council. On that same night following the conclusion of the first session, the people in Saint Peter's Square chanted and yelled with the sole objective of getting John XXIII to appear at the window to address them.
qas: answers: text: in the Vatican
question: Where was the first session of the Second Vatican Council held?

answers: text: 11 October 1962
question: When was the first session of the Second Vatican Council held?

answers: text: Gaudet Mater Ecclesia speech
question: What speech did he give?

answers: text: the sole objective of getting John XXIII to appear at the window to address them
question: Why were the people in Saint Peter's Square chanting and yelling?

context: The first session ended in a solemn ceremony on 8 December 1962 with the next session scheduled to occur in 1963 from 12 May to 29 June – this was announced on 12 November 1962. John XXIII's closing speech made subtle references to Pope Pius IX, and he had expressed the desire to see Pius IX beatified and eventually canonized. In his journal in 1959 during a spiritual retreat, John XXIII made this remark: "I always think of Pius IX of holy and glorious memory, and by imitating him in his sacrifices, I would like to be worthy to celebrate his canonization".
qas: answers: text: 8 December 1962
question: A solemn ceremony ended the first session on what day?

answers: text: 1963 from 12 May to 29 June
question: When was the next session scheduled?

answers: text: 12 November 1962
question: When was the next session announced?

answers: text: Pope Pius IX
question: Who did John XXIII wish to see canonized?

context: Pope John XXIII offered to mediate between US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962. Both men applauded the pope for his deep commitment to peace. Khrushchev would later send a message via Norman Cousins and the letter expressed his best wishes for the pontiff's ailing health. John XXIII personally typed and sent a message back to him, thanking him for his letter. Cousins, meanwhile, travelled to New York City and ensured that John would become Time magazine's 'Man of the Year'. John XXIII became the first Pope to receive the title, followed by John Paul II in 1994 and Francis in 2013.
qas: answers: text: US President John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev
question: John XXIII offered to mediate between who?

answers: text: October 1962
question: When was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

answers: text: Nikita Khrushchev
question: Who expressed best wishes for the pope's health?

answers: text: Time magazine's 'Man of the Year'
question: John XXIII became the first pope to receive what title?

answers: text: Francis
question: Who was the latest pope to hold the title of 'Man of the Year?'

context: On 10 May 1963, John XXIII received the Balzan Prize in private at the Vatican but deflected achievements of himself to the five popes of his lifetime, Pope Leo XIII to Pius XII. On 11 May, the Italian President Antonio Segni officially awarded Pope John XXIII with the Balzan Prize for his engagement for peace. While in the car en route to the official ceremony, he suffered great stomach pains but insisted on meeting with Segni to receive the award in the Quirinal Palace, refusing to do so within the Vatican. He stated that it would have been an insult to honour a pontiff on the remains of the crucified Saint Peter. It was the pope's last public appearance.
qas: answers: text: Balzan Prize
question: John XXIII received what prize on 10 May 1963?

answers: text: 10 May 1963
question: When did John XXIII receive the Balzan Prize?

answers: text: Italian President Antonio Segni
question: Who officially awarded the pope the Balzan Prize?

answers: text: the Quirinal Palace
question: Where did he receive the Balzan Prize?

context: On 25 May 1963, the pope suffered another haemorrhage and required several blood transfusions, but the cancer had perforated the stomach wall and peritonitis soon set in. The doctors conferred in a decision regarding this matter and John XXIII's aide Loris F. Capovilla broke the news to him saying that the cancer had done its work and nothing could be done for him. Around this time, his remaining siblings arrived to be with him. By 31 May, it had become clear that the cancer had overcome the resistance of John XXIII – it had left him confined to his bed.
qas: answers: text: haemorrhage
question: What did the pope suffer on 25 May 1963?

answers: text: Loris F. Capovilla
question: Who broke the news to John XXIII about his cancer?

answers: text: 31 May
question: When was it clear that the cancer had overcome the resistance of John XXIII?

context: "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ lives on and continues his work in the Church. Souls, souls, ut omnes unum sint."[c] Van Lierde then anointed his eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet. Overcome by emotion, Van Lierde forgot the right order of anointing. John XXIII gently helped him before bidding those present a last farewell.
qas: answers: text: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
question: Who was at the dying pope's bedside?

answers: text: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
question: Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII?

answers: text: 11 am
question: When did the pope bid farewell?

context: John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped to see if he was dead, and those with him in the room said prayers. Then the room was illuminated, thus informing the people of what had happened. He was buried on 6 June in the Vatican grottos. Two wreaths, placed on the two sides of his tomb, were donated by the prisoners of the Regina Coeli prison and the Mantova jail in Verona. On 22 June 1963, one day after his friend and successor Pope Paul VI was elected, the latter prayed at his tomb.
qas: answers: text: peritonitis
question: What did John XXIII die of?

answers: text: 3 June 1963
question: What day did he die?

answers: text: 81
question: How old was John XXIII upon his death?

answers: text: Luigi Traglia
question: Who celebrated his Mass for him in the square below?

answers: text: 6 June
question: What day was he buried?

context: On 3 December 1963, US President Lyndon B. Johnson posthumously awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian award, in recognition of the good relationship between Pope John XXIII and the United States of America. In his speech on 6 December 1963, Johnson said: "I have also determined to confer the Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously on another noble man whose death we mourned 6 months ago: His Holiness, Pope John XXIII. He was a man of simple origins, of simple faith, of simple charity. In this exalted office he was still the gentle pastor. He believed in discussion and persuasion. He profoundly respected the dignity of man. He gave the world immortal statements of the rights of man, of the obligations of men to each other, of their duty to strive for a world community in which all can live in peace and fraternal friendship. His goodness reached across temporal boundaries to warm the hearts of men of all nations and of all faiths".
qas: answers: text: US President Lyndon B. Johnson
question: Who posthumously awarded his the Presidential Medal of Freedom?

answers: text: 3 December 1963
question: When did President Johnson award him?

answers: text: the United States' highest civilian award
question: What is the Presidential Medal Freedom?

answers: text: 6 December 1963
question: When was President Johnson's speech for John XXIII?

context: He was known affectionately as "Good Pope John". His cause for canonization was opened under Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council on 18 November 1965, along with the cause of Pope Pius XII. On 3 September 2000, John XXIII was declared "Blessed" alongside Pope Pius IX by Pope John Paul II, the penultimate step on the road to sainthood after a miracle of curing an ill woman was discovered. He was the first pope since Pope Pius X to receive this honour. Following his beatification, his body was moved from its original burial place in the grottoes below the Vatican to the altar of St. Jerome and displayed for the veneration of the faithful.[citation needed]
qas: answers: text: Good Pope John
question: What was he also known as?

answers: text: Pope Paul VI
question: Who opened his cause for canonization?

answers: text: 3 September 2000
question: When was Pope John XXIII considered "blessed?"

answers: text: Pope John Paul II
question: Who declared him "blessed?"

answers: text: Pope Pius X
question: Who was the last pope before John XXIII to receive the title?

context: The 50th anniversary of his death was celebrated on 3 June 2013 by Pope Francis, who visited his tomb and prayed there, then addressing the gathered crowd and spoke about the late pope. The people that gathered there at the tomb were from Bergamo, the province where the late pope came from. A month later, on 5 July 2013, Francis approved Pope John XXIII for canonization, along with Pope John Paul II without the traditional second miracle required. Instead, Francis based this decision on John XXIII's merits for the Second Vatican Council. On Sunday, 27 April 2014, John XXIII and Pope John Paul II were declared saints on Divine Mercy Sunday.
qas: answers: text: 3 June 2013
question: When was the 50th anniversary of his death?

answers: text: Pope Francis
question: Who celebrated his 50th anniversary?

answers: text: Bergamo
question: Where were the people gathered at his tomb from?

answers: text: 5 July 2013
question: When did Francis approve John XXIII for canonization?

answers: text: Sunday, 27 April 2014
question: On what date was John XXIII and Pope John Paul II declared saints?