Sichuan

context: Throughout its prehistory and early history, the region and its vicinity in the Yangtze region was the cradle of unique local civilizations which can be dated back to at least the 15th century BC and coinciding with the later years of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in North China. Sichuan was referred to in ancient Chinese sources as Ba-Shu (巴蜀), an abbreviation of the kingdoms of Ba and Shu which existed within the Sichuan Basin. Ba included Chongqing and the land in eastern Sichuan along the Yangtze and some tributary streams, while Shu included today's Chengdu, its surrounding plain and adjacent territories in western Sichuan.
qas: answers: text: Ba-Shu
question: What was Sichuan referred to as by ancient Chinese sources?

answers: text: at least the 15th century BC
question: How far back can civilizations in the Yangtze region be dated?

answers: text: within the Sichuan Basin
question: Where were the kingdoms of Ba and Shu located?

answers: text: Chongqing and the land in eastern Sichuan along the Yangtze and some tributary streams
question: What land was included in the kingdom of Ba?

answers: text: Chengdu, its surrounding plain and adjacent territories in western Sichuan
question: What land was included in the kingdom of Shu?

context: The existence of the early state of Shu was poorly recorded in the main historical records of China. It was, however, referred to in the Book of Documents as an ally of the Zhou. Accounts of Shu exist mainly as a mixture of mythological stories and historical legends recorded in local annals such as the Chronicles of Huayang compiled in the Jin dynasty (265–420), with folk stories such as that of Emperor Duyu (杜宇) who taught the people agriculture and transformed himself into a cuckoo after his death. The existence of a highly developed civilization with an independent bronze industry in Sichuan eventually came to light with an archaeological discovery in 1986 at a small village named Sanxingdui in Guanghan, Sichuan. This site, believed to be an ancient city of Shu, was initially discovered by a local farmer in 1929 who found jade and stone artefacts. Excavations by archaeologists in the area yielded few significant finds until 1986 when two major sacrificial pits were found with spectacular bronze items as well as artefacts in jade, gold, earthenware, and stone. This and other discoveries in Sichuan contest the conventional historiography that the local culture and technology of Sichuan were undeveloped in comparison to the technologically and culturally "advanced" Yellow River valley of north-central China. The name Shu continues to be used to refer to Sichuan in subsequent periods in Chinese history up to the present day.
qas: answers: text: a cuckoo
question: What did Emperor  Duyu transform himself into after his death?

answers: text: Sichuan in subsequent periods in Chinese history up to the present day.
question: What does the name Shu refer to?

answers: text: a local farmer in 1929
question: When was the site believed to be ancient city of Shu discovered, and by whom?

answers: text: the Zhou
question: The Shu were an ally of who, according to the Book of Documents?

answers: text: the Jin dynasty (265–420)
question: When were the Chronicles of Huayang compiled?

context: The rulers of the expansionist Qin dynasty, based in present-day Gansu and Shaanxi, were only the first strategists to realize that the area's military importance matched its commercial and agricultural significance. The Sichuan basin is surrounded by the Himalayas to the west, the Qin Mountains to the north, and mountainous areas of Yunnan to the south. Since the Yangtze flows through the basin and then through the perilous Yangzi Gorges to eastern and southern China, Sichuan was a staging area for amphibious military forces and a refuge for political refugees.[citation needed]
qas: answers: text: the Himalayas
question: What surrounds the Sichuan basin to the west?

answers: text: Qin Mountains
question: What mountains surround the Sichuan basin to the North?

answers: text: Yangtze
question: What river flows through the Sichuan basin?

answers: text: present-day Gansu and Shaanxi
question: Where was the Qin dynasty based?

answers: text: mountainous areas of Yunnan
question: What surrounds the Sichuan basin to the South?

context: Qin armies finished their conquest of the kingdoms of Shu and Ba by 316 BC. Any written records and civil achievements of earlier kingdoms were destroyed. Qin administrators introduced improved agricultural technology. Li Bing, engineered the Dujiangyan irrigation system to control the Min River, a major tributary of the Yangtze. This innovative hydraulic system was composed of movable weirs which could be adjusted for high or low water flow according to the season, to either provide irrigation or prevent floods. The increased agricultural output and taxes made the area a source of provisions and men for Qin's unification of China.
qas: answers: text: 316 BC
question: By what year did the Qin armies finish their conquest of Shu and Ba?

answers: text: improved agricultural technology.
question: What did Qin administrators introduce to Shu and Ba?

answers: text: Li Bing
question: Who engineered the Dujiangyan irrigation system to control the Min River?

answers: text: Yangtze
question: The Min River is a major tributary of what river? 

answers: text: to either provide irrigation or prevent floods.
question: The Dujiangyan irrigation system was used for what purpose?

context: Sichuan came under the firm control of a Chinese central government during the Sui dynasty, but it was during the subsequent Tang dynasty where Sichuan regained its previous political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han. Chengdu became nationally known as a supplier of armies and the home of Du Fu, who is sometimes called China's greatest poet. During the An Lushan Rebellion (755-763), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled from Chang'an to Sichuan. The region was torn by constant warfare and economic distress as it was besieged by the Tibetan Empire.
qas: answers: text: Tang dynasty
question: During which dynasty did Sichuan regain its political and cultural prominence for which it was known during the Han?

answers: text: Du Fu
question: Who was known as China's greatest poet and lived in Chengdu?

answers: text: armies
question: What was Chengu known to supply the country with?

answers: text: 755-763
question: Which years saw the An Lushan Rebellion?

answers: text: the Tibetan Empire
question: Which empire ravished the Chengdu region with constant warfare and economic distress?

context: In the middle of the 17th century, the peasant rebel leader Zhang Xianzhong (1606–1646) from Yan'an, Shanxi Province, nicknamed Yellow Tiger, led his peasant troop from north China to the south, and conquered Sichuan. Upon capturing it, he declared himself emperor of the Daxi Dynasty (大西王朝). In response to the resistance from local elites, he massacred a large native population. As a result of the massacre as well as years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition, the population of Sichuan fell sharply, requiring a massive resettlement of people from the neighboring Huguang Province (modern Hubei and Hunan) and other provinces during the Qing dynasty.
qas: answers: text: Yellow Tiger
question: What was the nickname rebel leader Zhang Xianzhong?

answers: text: Sichuan
question: Which region did Yellow Tiger conquer in the mid-17th century?

answers: text: Daxi Dynasty
question: Which dynasty did Yellow Tiger declare himself the emperor of? 

answers: text: Huguang Province
question: Which province supplied a large amount of people to the Sichuan resettlement, following years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition?

context: In the 20th century, as Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan had all been occupied by the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the capital of the Republic of China had been temporary relocated to Chongqing, then a major city in Sichuan. An enduring legacy of this move is that nearby inland provinces, such as Shaanxi, Gansu, and Guizhou, which previously never had modern Western-style universities, began to be developed in this regard. The difficulty of accessing the region overland from the eastern part of China and the foggy climate hindering the accuracy of Japanese bombing of the Sichuan Basin, made the region the stronghold of Chiang Kai-Shek's Kuomintang government during 1938-45, and led to the Bombing of Chongqing.
qas: answers: text: Chongqing
question: To which city was the Chinese capitol relocated to during Japanese occupation in the 20th century? 

answers: text: Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan
question: What are some major cities occupied by the Chinese during the Second Sino-Japanese War?

answers: text: Shaanxi, Gansu, and Guizhou
question: What are some inland provinces that began to develop modern, westernized education systems? 

answers: text: The difficulty of accessing the region overland from the eastern part of China and the foggy climate
question: What are some reasons for the lack of accurate Japanese bombing during the Second Sino-Japanese War in the Sichuan Basin?

context: The Second Sino-Japanese War was soon followed by the resumed Chinese Civil War, and the cities of East China fell to the Communists one after another, the Kuomintang government again tried to make Sichuan its stronghold on the mainland, although it already saw some Communist activity since it was one area on the road of the Long March. Chiang Kai-Shek himself flew to Chongqing from Taiwan in November 1949 to lead the defense. But the same month Chongqing fell to the Communists, followed by Chengdu on 10 December. The Kuomintang general Wang Sheng wanted to stay behind with his troops to continue anticommunist guerilla war in Sichuan, but was recalled to Taiwan. Many of his soldiers made their way there as well, via Burma.
qas: answers: text: the Communists
question: What group was the main antagonist during the Chinese Civil War?

answers: text: Chiang Kai-Shek
question: Who led the defense of Chongqing in November 1949?

answers: text: 10 December
question: On what date in 1949 did Chengdu fall to the communists?

answers: text: it was one area on the road of the Long March
question: Why did Sichuan see some communist activity?

context: From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000. This changed in 1997 when the Sub-provincial city of Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Chongqing Municipality. The new municipality was formed to spearhead China's effort to economically develop its western provinces, as well as to coordinate the resettlement of residents from the reservoir areas of the Three Gorges Dam project.
qas: answers: text: Sichuan
question: What Chinese Province had the largest population until 1997?

answers: text: Chongqing as well as the three surrounding prefectures of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang were split off into the new Chongqing Municipality.
question: Why did Sichuan lose its status as the most populous Province in 1997?

answers: text: to spearhead China's effort to economically develop its western provinces
question: Why was the Chongqing Municipality formed?

answers: text: the Three Gorges Dam project.
question: Why did China need to resettle people into Chongqing?

answers: text: 99,730,000
question: What was the population of Sichuan in 1982?

context: Sichuan consists of two geographically very distinct parts. The eastern part of the province is mostly within the fertile Sichuan basin (which is shared by Sichuan with Chongqing Municipality). The western Sichuan consists of the numerous mountain ranges forming the easternmost part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which are known generically as Hengduan Mountains. One of these ranges, Daxue Mountains, contains the highest point of the province Gongga Shan, at 7,556 metres (24,790 ft) above sea level.
qas: answers: text: two
question: How many distinct parts make up Sichuan?

answers: text: Sichuan basin
question: What makes up majority of the eastern Sichuan province?

answers: text: Hengduan Mountains
question: Western Sichuan is delineated by what mountain range?

answers: text: Daxue Mountains
question: Which mountain range contains the highest point in the Gongga Shan province?

answers: text: 24,790 ft
question: How many feet above sea level is the highest point of the Saxue Mountains?

context: The Yangtze River and its tributaries flows through the mountains of western Sichuan and the Sichuan Basin; thus, the province is upstream of the great cities that stand along the Yangtze River further to the east, such as Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai. One of the major tributaries of the Yangtze within the province is the Min River of central Sichuan, which joins the Yangtze at Yibin. Sichuan's 4 main rivers, as Sichuan means literally, are Jaling Jiang, Tuo Jiang, Yalong Jiang, and Jinsha Jiang.
qas: answers: text: Yangtze River
question: Which river flows through the Sichuan Basin?

answers: text: Min River
question: Which tributary of the Yangtze flows through central Sichuan?

answers: text: Jaling Jiang, Tuo Jiang, Yalong Jiang, and Jinsha Jiang
question: What are the 4 main rivers in Sichuan?

answers: text: Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Shanghai
question: Name some cities downstream of the Yangtze river that are to the east of Sichuan.

context: Due to great differences in terrain, the climate of the province is highly variable. In general it has strong monsoonal influences, with rainfall heavily concentrated in the summer. Under the Köppen climate classification, the Sichuan Basin (including Chengdu) in the eastern half of the province experiences a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa or Cfa), with long, hot, humid summers and short, mild to cool, dry and cloudy winters. Consequently, it has China's lowest sunshine totals. The western region has mountainous areas producing a cooler but sunnier climate. Having cool to very cold winters and mild summers, temperatures generally decrease with greater elevation. However, due to high altitude and its inland location, many areas such as Garze County and Zoige County in Sichuan exhibit a subarctic climate (Köppen Dwc)- featuring extremely cold winters down to -30 °C and even cold summer nights. The region is geologically active with landslides and earthquakes. Average elevation ranges from 2,000 to 3,500 meters; average temperatures range from 0 to 15 °C. The southern part of the province, including Panzhihua and Xichang, has a sunny climate with short, very mild winters and very warm to hot summers.
qas: answers: text: humid subtropical climate
question: What climate classification does the Sichuan Basin hold?

answers: text: the Sichuan Basin
question: What area of China has the least amount of sunlight?

answers: text: subarctic climate
question: Garze County and Zoige County in Sichuan experience what kind of climate?

answers: text: 2,000 to 3,500 meters
question: What is the range of average elevation in the Sichuan Basin?

answers: text: 0 to 15 °C
question: What is the range of average temperature in the Sichuan Basin?

context: Sichuan has been historically known as the "Province of Abundance". It is one of the major agricultural production bases of China. Grain, including rice and wheat, is the major product with output that ranked first in China in 1999. Commercial crops include citrus fruits, sugar cane, sweet potatoes, peaches and grapes. Sichuan also had the largest output of pork among all the provinces and the second largest output of silkworm cocoons in 1999. Sichuan is rich in mineral resources. It has more than 132 kinds of proven underground mineral resources including vanadium, titanium, and lithium being the largest in China. The Panxi region alone possesses 13.3% of the reserves of iron, 93% of titanium, 69% of vanadium, and 83% of the cobalt of the whole country. Sichuan also possesses China's largest proven natural gas reserves, the majority of which is transported to more developed eastern regions.
qas: answers: text: Sichuan
question: What area for the "Province of Abundance" refer to?

answers: text: rice and wheat
question: What are the major agricultural outputs of Sichuan?

answers: text: pork
question: What kind of meat is Sichuan known to produce in abundance?

answers: text: 93%
question: How much of China's titanium is houses in Sichuan?

answers: text: transported to more developed eastern regions
question: What is often done with Sichuan's natural gas reserves?

context: Sichuan is one of the major industrial centers of China. In addition to heavy industries such as coal, energy, iron and steel, the province has also established a light industrial sector comprising building materials, wood processing, food and silk processing. Chengdu and Mianyang are the production centers for textiles and electronics products. Deyang, Panzhihua, and Yibin are the production centers for machinery, metallurgical industries, and wine, respectively. Sichuan's wine production accounted for 21.9% of the country’s total production in 2000.
qas: answers: text: coal, energy, iron and steel
question: What are some major industrial outputs of Sichuan?

answers: text: Chengdu and Mianyang
question: What areas are major areas of production for textiles and electronics?

answers: text: 21.9%
question: How much of China's wine did Sichuan produce in 2000?

answers: text: Deyang
question: Which city in Sichuan is known for its machinery production?

answers: text: Panzhihua
question: Which city in Sichuan is known for its metallurgical industries?

context: The Three Gorges Dam, the largest dam ever constructed, is being built on the Yangtze River in nearby Hubei province to control flooding in the Sichuan Basin, neighboring Yunnan province, and downstream. The plan is hailed by some as China's efforts to shift towards alternative energy sources and to further develop its industrial and commercial bases, but others have criticised it for its potentially harmful effects, such as massive resettlement of residents in the reservoir areas, loss of archeological sites, and ecological damages.
qas: answers: text: Three Gorges Dam
question: What is the largest dam ever built in the world?

answers: text: Yangtze River
question: On which river is the Three Gorges Dam built?

answers: text: to control flooding in the Sichuan Basin, neighboring Yunnan province, and downstream
question: What is the purpose of the Three Gorges Dam?

answers: text: massive resettlement of residents in the reservoir areas, loss of archeological sites, and ecological damages.
question: What are some reasons for the opposition of the Three Gorges Dam?

context: According to the Sichuan Department of Commerce, the province's total foreign trade was US$22.04 billion in 2008, with an annual increase of 53.3 percent. Exports were US$13.1 billion, an annual increase of 52.3 percent, while imports were US$8.93 billion, an annual increase of 54.7 percent. These achievements were accomplished because of significant changes in China's foreign trade policy, acceleration of the yuan's appreciation, increase of commercial incentives and increase in production costs. The 18 cities and counties witnessed a steady rate of increase. Chengdu, Suining, Nanchong, Dazhou, Ya'an, Abazhou, and Liangshan all saw an increase of more than 40 percent while Leshan, Neijiang, Luzhou, Meishan, Ziyang, and Yibin saw an increase of more than 20 percent. Foreign trade in Zigong, Panzhihua, Guang'an, Bazhong and Ganzi remained constant.
qas: answers: text: 53.3 percent
question: By how much did foreign trade increase in Sichuan in 2008?

answers: text: US$13.1 billion
question: What was the export level of Sichuan in 2008?

answers: text: US$8.93 billion
question: What was the import level of Sichuan in 2008?

answers: text: Chengdu, Suining, Nanchong, Dazhou, Ya'an, Abazhou, and Liangshan
question: What cities saw an increase in foreign trade of more than 40% in 2008?

context: The Sichuan government raised the minimum wage in the province by 12.5 percent at the end of December 2007. The monthly minimum wage went up from 400 to 450 yuan, with a minimum of 4.9 yuan per hour for part-time work, effective 26 December 2007. The government also reduced the four-tier minimum wage structure to three. The top tier mandates a minimum of 650 yuan per month, or 7.1 yuan per hour. National law allows each province to set minimum wages independently, but with a floor of 450 yuan per month.
qas: answers: text: 12.5 percent
question: By how much did Sichuan increase minimum wage in December 2007?

answers: text: 450 yuan
question: What was the new monthly minimum wage in Sichuan by January 2008?

answers: text: 4.9 yuan
question: What was the minimum hourly wage in Sichuan on December 28, 2007?

answers: text: 450 yuan per month
question: What is the national minimum monthly wage in China?

context: Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (Chinese: 成都经济技术开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū jīngjì jìshù kāifā qū) was approved as state-level development zone in February 2000. The zone now has a developed area of 10.25 km2 (3.96 sq mi) and has a planned area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (CETDZ) lies 13.6 km (8.5 mi) east of Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province and the hub of transportation and communication in southwest China. The zone has attracted investors and developers from more than 20 countries to carry out their projects there. Industries encouraged in the zone include mechanical, electronic, new building materials, medicine and food processing.
qas: answers: text: February 2000
question: When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved?

answers: text: CETDZ
question: What is the planned size of the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone?

answers: text: 8.5 mi
question: How far east of Chengdu is CETDZ?

answers: text: Chengdu
question: What is the capital city of Sichuan?

answers: text: 20
question: How many countries are represented by the investors and developers of the CETDZ?

context: Established in 1988, Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone (Chinese: 成都高新技术产业开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū Gāoxīn Jìshù Chǎnyè Kāifā Qū) was approved as one of the first national hi-tech development zones in 1991. In 2000, it was open to APEC and has been recognized as a national advanced hi-tech development zone in successive assessment activities held by China's Ministry of Science and Technology. It ranks 5th among the 53 national hi-tech development zones in China in terms of comprehensive strength.
qas: answers: text: 1988
question: When was the Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone established?

answers: text: 1991
question: When was the Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone approved?

answers: text: 5th
question: The Chengdu Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone is what rank of 53 in China terms of comprehensive strength?

context: Chengdu Hi-tech Development Zone covers an area of 82.5 km2 (31.9 sq mi), consisting of the South Park and the West Park. By relying on the city sub-center, which is under construction, the South Park is focusing on creating a modernized industrial park of science and technology with scientific and technological innovation, incubation R&D, modern service industry and Headquarters economy playing leading roles. Priority has been given to the development of software industry. Located on both sides of the "Chengdu-Dujiangyan-Jiuzhaigou" golden tourism channel, the West Park aims at building a comprehensive industrial park targeting at industrial clustering with complete supportive functions. The West Park gives priority to three major industries i.e. electronic information, biomedicine and precision machinery.
qas: answers: text: South Park and the West Park
question: Which Parks make up the Chengdu Hi-tech Development Zone?

answers: text: electronic information, biomedicine and precision machinery
question: Which industries does West Park give priority to?

answers: text: creating a modernized industrial park of science and technology
question: What is the focus of the South Park?

answers: text: software industry
question: What industry does South Park give priority to?

context: Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was established in 1992, with a planned area of 43 km2 (17 sq mi). The zone is situated 96 kilometers away from Chengdu, and is 8 km (5.0 mi) away from Mianyang Airport. Since its establishment, the zone accumulated 177.4 billion yuan of industrial output, 46.2 billion yuan of gross domestic product, fiscal revenue 6.768 billion yuan. There are more than 136 high-tech enterprises in the zone and they accounted for more than 90% of the total industrial output.
qas: answers: text: 17 sq mi
question: What is the planned area of the Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone?

answers: text: 8 km
question: What is the distance between the Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone and Mianyang Airport?

answers: text: 177.4 billion yuan
question: How much value has Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone  output since inception?

answers: text: 136
question: How many high-tech enterprises are present in the Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone ?

context: On 3 November 2007, the Sichuan Transportation Bureau announced that the Sui-Yu Expressway was completed after three years of construction. After completion of the Chongqing section of the road, the 36.64 km (22.77 mi) expressway connected Cheng-Nan Expressway and formed the shortest expressway from Chengdu to Chongqing. The new expressway is 50 km (31 mi) shorter than the pre-existing road between Chengdu and Chongqing; thus journey time between the two cities was reduced by an hour, now taking two and a half hours. The Sui-Yu Expressway is a four lane overpass with a speed limit of 80 km/h (50 mph). The total investment was 1.045 billion yuan.
qas: answers: text: three years
question: How long did it take to complete the Sui-Yu Expressway?

answers: text: two and a half hours
question: After the newest expressway was completed, what was the new travel time between Chengdu and Chongqing?

answers: text: 80 km/h (50 mph)
question: What is the speed limit on the Sui-Yu Expressway?

answers: text: 1.045 billion yuan
question: What was the total cost of the Sui-Yu Expressway?

answers: text: four lane
question: How many lanes make up the Sui-Yu Expressway?

context: The majority of the province's population is Han Chinese, who are found scattered throughout the region with the exception of the far western areas. Thus, significant minorities of Tibetan, Yi, Qiang and Nakhi people reside in the western portion that are impacted by inclement weather and natural disasters, environmentally fragile, and impoverished. Sichuan's capital of Chengdu is home to a large community of Tibetans, with 30,000 permanent Tibetan residents and up to 200,000 Tibetan floating population. The Eastern Lipo, included with either the Yi or the Lisu people, as well as the A-Hmao, also are among the ethnic groups of the provinces.
qas: answers: text: Han Chinese
question: What race is the majority of Sichuan?

answers: text: Tibetan
question: What is one of the largest minorities in Chengdu?

answers: text: far western areas.
question: Which part of Sichuan has the worst weather and subjected to natural disasters?

answers: text: 30,000
question: How many permanent Tibetan people live in Chengdu?

context: Sichuan was China's most populous province before Chongqing became a directly-controlled municipality; it is currently the fourth most populous, after Guangdong, Shandong and Henan. As of 1832, Sichuan was the most populous of the 18 provinces in China, with an estimated population at that time of 21 million. It was the third most populous sub-national entity in the world, after Uttar Pradesh, India and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic until 1991, when the Soviet Union was dissolved. It is also one of the only six to ever reach 100 million people (Uttar Pradesh, Russian RSFSR, Maharashtra, Sichuan, Bihar and Punjab). It is currently 10th.
qas: answers: text: Guangdong, Shandong and Henan
question: What are the three most populist provinces in China?

answers: text: 21 million
question: What was the population of Sichuan in 1832?

answers: text: Sichuan
question: What is the tenth most populous sub-national entity in the world?

answers: text: six
question: How many sub-national entities have surpassed 100 million people in total?

answers: text: 1991
question: In what year was the Soviet Union disbanded?

context: Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in western Sichuan are populated by Tibetans and Qiang people. Tibetans speak the Khams and Amdo Tibetan, which are Tibetic languages, as well as various Qiangic languages. The Qiang speak Qiangic languages and often Tibetic languages as well. The Yi people of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in southern Sichuan speak the Nuosu language, which is one of the Lolo-Burmese languages; Yi is written using the Yi script, a syllabary standardized in 1974. The Southwest University for Nationalities has one of China's most prominent Tibetology departments, and the Southwest Minorities Publishing House prints literature in minority languages. In the minority inhabited regions of Sichuan, there is bi-lingual signage and public school instruction in non-Mandarin minority languages.
qas: answers: text: Tibetans and Qiang
question: What are the largest minorities of western Sichuan?

answers: text: Khams and Amdo Tibetan
question: What languages do Tibetans in Sichuan speak?

answers: text: Nuosu
question: What language do the Yi people speak?

answers: text: 1974
question: In what year was the language of the Yi people standardized?

answers: text: Southwest University for Nationalities
question: Which University houses one of China's most prominent Tibetology departments?