SSamDav/icdar-htr-competition-2015 huggingface dataset:
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of expression which characterize a figured stile, than it can

be when delivered altogether in a plain stile. Moreover

in this figured stile it is more apt to be consigned to verse.

Defamation when thus embellished is called Satire. Sa:

:tire whether in prose or in verse is not only more apt to be

remembered than downright defamation and reproach but

the impression it makes to the party's disadvantage is

much stronger, even when the substance of the imputation

is the same. The pleasure of surprize which the hearer or reader

reaps from the novelty of the image, the pleasure he reaps at the

idea of the ingenuity displayed by the composer; these and per:

:haps some other pleasures that might be reckoned up, con:

:cur in producing two effects which are both highly disad:

:vantageous to him. They are enough of themselves to furnish

the reader with a motive for retaining the satyre and communicating

it to others; and by conciliating his affections in favour

of the author of the satyre they tend in a considerable

degree to prejudice him against the injured person who is the

object of it. And these effects it will produce in a greater or

less

Of Offences against Reputation in general

C
12

of 1000 Prisoners will make 40 deaths: £4000 then will be

the sum which the said intended Governor will annually

be made Creditor for upon the supposition of his receiving

the said number of 1000 Prisoners: and as he will be made

Debtor to the said amount of £100 for every one which du-

-ring the said period shall actually have died, it follows that

if 40, as expected, shall have died, neither more nor less, he

will have nothing either to receive or to pay: if, instead of

40, 41, then he will have to pay to the amount of £100; if

instead of 40, 39, then he will have to receive to the said am-

-ount. But £4000 for 1000 Prisoners is the same proportion

as £4 for 1 Prisoner: it follows therefore that according to

the above computation, £4 will be the premium for which such

intended Governor will be to be made Creditor on account

of any individual Prisoner on the day which delivered to his

charge, on condition of his being made Debtor to the amount

of £100 in the event of such Prisoner's dying in his custody

within the compass of a year reckoning from the said day:

and so in proportion for any term less than a year

Moreover in case of any dispute touching the amount of

such premium or the payment of the said eventual head-

-money of £100 according to the rate of calculation herein

above fixed, the same shall be settled by arbitration as above.

To secure to each Prisoner being able to work an

honest and sufficient livelyhood at all times after the expira-

-tion of his term, it is moreover agreed that, on the dis-

-charge of every such Prisoner , or at any subsequent

period, the said intended Governor and his said Successors

shall on the application of such Prisoner (he being able to

work)
10

THEFT.

comparative

5.thly & lastly. I shall undertake the relative

Estimation of the several particular Offences into

which both Kinds of Distinctions have broken

the general Title.

Before we proceed further, the employing of

a few Words in fixing an Article of Nomenclature

will be by no Means an useless Digression: in

Order if possible to establish that Distinctness of

Conception which is very necessary to a commanding

Knowledge of the Subject, but which practical

Writers have appeared little sollicitous to transmit

or to acquire.

There are two Terms employed and that often

promiscuously in speaking of the Offence in Question

_ The one more popular in it's Use and ample in

it's Signification _ Theft _ The other more technical

in it's Use and confined in it's Signification _ Larceny.

The Verb "to steal" with it's Participle "stealing"

is exactly parallel in it's Use and commensurate in

it's Signification with the former of these, being the

same
C

1

Of Family Imposture.

in a certain degree of family relationship to such another person or per=

pretension to be false.

[(A) Relationship]1. It matters not of what nature or degree the

of the person in question; or by marriage, for instance, by passing

for the son or daughter, or father or mother or other blood-relation

of the Husband or Wife of the person in question.

2. Accordingly when a woman produces brings up or recognizes

it is a species of Family Imposture.

3. So where any other Person does the same thing whether the pre=

:tended

Family Imposture is where a person in the intent of

enjoying or causing another to enjoy the benefit of being reputed to stand

relationship is: whether natural by passing for the Son or Daughter

Father or Mother or any other Blood-Relation of the person in ques=

:tion: or matrimonial; to wit by passing for the Husband or Wife

any person for her Child, knowing that person not to be her Child,

:sons falsely pretends himself or another to stand in that degree of re=

=lationship to the prejudice of some other person, and knowing such

Exposition

(A)
3

Article 18. Mr Bentham submits to Mr

Ford's Proposal in regard to the excluding out of

the Estimate all ages under ten years: but he flatters

himself Mr Ford will not think it unreasonable

that the exclusion should be suspended for the first

year, considering the dangers to health that threaten

an institution of this sort at its outset, when per-

-sons of that description are received in such large

multitudes at once from all the Jails in the King-

-dom (of which a few only have been so improved

as not to be occasionally the seats of pestilence)

into an unseasoned building: dangers against which

the best professional advice seconded by the strictest

attention may be no adequate defense.

In the Hulks under Mr Campbel's care the

mortality was very considerable at first as appears

by Howard's Books, and by the Reports made

to the House of Commons. At Portsmouth or

Plymouth out of about 700 there died in one year

between 1/6 and 1/5 of the whole number, as appears

from the Reports made to the King's Bench from

which Mr Bentham has extracts.

According to this alteration the words to be

inserted might stand as follows. After the words

"Dr Price" insert, "Provided that in the first year's

"account, in the computation of the deaths so to

be
said Robert Moseley and Elizabeth Wood; and also

of all those three other pieces or parcels of Meadow

and Pasture Ground in the occupation of the said

Thomas Rhodes, containing together by admeasure-

-ment, seven acres three roods and eleven perches, be

the same more or less, bounded on the North by

lands in the occupation of the said Edward Wellers,

on the East by the said road leading to and from Battersea,

on the South by lands in the occupation of

the said Henry Brown, and on the West by lands

in the occupation of the said Robert Moseley and

Elizabeth Wood; and also of all those four pieces or

parcels of Garden Ground, Meadow and Pasture,

in the occupation of the said Robert Moseley, con-

-taining together, by admeasurement , eighteen acres

three roods and twenty-three perches, be the same

more or less, bounded on the South by lands in

the occupation of the said Elizabeth Wood, on the

West and North by the said road leading to and

from Battersea near York Place, and on the

East by lands in the occupation of Ann West Widow,

and the said Edward Wellers; all which said se-

-veral pieces or parcels of Garden Ground, Meadow,

and Pasture , adjoin to each other,and do contain in

the whole, by admeasurement, seventy nine acres

and one rood, and are situate, lying, and being, in

the Parish of Battersea aforesaid, in the said

County

5
Panopticon Convict Proposal 1793

4th. To insure to them a sufficient supply of artificial

warmth and light whenever the reason renders

it necessary, and thereby preserve them from be-

-ing obliged as in other places, to desist from their

work, as well as from suffering from the inclemen-

-cy of the weather.

5th. To keep constantly from them, in conformity to

the practice so ha pily received, every kind of strong

and spiritous liquor, unless where in the way of

medicine.

6th To maintain them in a state of inviolable

though mitigated seclusion, in small assorted

companies, without any of those opportunities

of promiscuous association, which in other im-

-proved prisons disturb, of not distr y, whatever good

effect can have been expected from solitude.

7th. To give them an interest in their work by

allowing them a share in the produce.

8th. To convert the prison into a school, and by an

extended application of the principle of the Sun-

-day Schools, to return its inhabitants into the

world instructed, at least as well as in ordi-

-nary Schools, in the common and most use-

-ful branches of vulgar learnings as well as

in some trade or occupation whereby they

may afterwards earn their livelihood. Extraor-

-dinary culture of extraordinary talents is not

in this point of view worth mentioning : it

would be for his own advantage to give them

every instruction by which the value of their

labour may be encreased.

9th. To pay a penal sum for every escape, with or

without any default of his, irresistaible violence

from without excepted: and this without em-

-ploying irons on any occasion, or in any

shape.

ordered

p

o
Of Adultery.

worth being made the subject of a Settlement. This must be

the case of the great bulk of the people. In this case the ap=

:parel and instruments of trade peculiar to each should re=

:main accordingly; but the household furniture should re=

:main to the Woman, unless the Judge thought proper to

make an express allowance out of it to the Man.

Where the husband brought a capital into the com=

:mon stock, and the wife little or nothing, some allow=

:ance ought to be made to her.

Where the wife brought a capital into the common

stock, and the husband little or nothing, some allowance

ought to be made to her.

Upon the whole it ought to be so ordered, that the Wife

might exercise this right if she thought proper,upon terms

rather more advantageous to her than to the Husband.

For this purpose the Age of the parties is also to be

taken into consideration. If it is to be considered that by the

same length of cohabitation the power of pleasing the oppo=

:site sex and therefore the chance of obtaining a new alliance,

is

3

C
9.

C

Of Theft or Stealing.

Punishment

If any one commit Theft his punishment shall be

1. He shall be made to do Penance more or less public.x

[2. He may be made to suffer penitential Imprisonment for

not less than one week nor more than four. ++]

3. He shall be confined to hard Labour for a quarter of a

year; and besides that for the space of a day for every [sixpence] of

the Value of the thing stolen. +

4. Where the number of days which the Offender would have

thus

as follows:

(a)

Notes.

intending not to be amendable to Law but what are here mentioned and

that therefore the enumeration above given is exhaustive.

[(a) Sixpence] The sum will of course require to be different accord=

:ing to the different values of money in different countries. The rule might

be that it should amount to half a day's Wages according to the ordi=

:nary price of labour. On this plan a man of the lowest Class which is the

Class to which the greater part of thieves will belong will be made to work

two days in a state of humiliation and confinement for every day's Sub=

:sistence, which he would have got without working had he escaped de=

:tection.
8

the removal of any male offender under sentence of death but

reprieved during pleasure or under sentence of transportation

and appearing in manner therein mentioned fit so to be removed,

to such place of confinement within England and Wales as his

Majesty shall appoint under the management of any Overseer

appointed by his Majesty whereupon it is therein moreover

provided that every offender so removed shall continue in the

place of confinement or be removed to and confined in any other

place , as his Majesty shall appoint , untill such offender shall be

transported or by the expiration of his term shall be entitled to his

liberty or untill his Majesty shall direct the return of such offender

to the Goal from which he shall have been removed ; And Whereas it

is therein also provided that after the removal of any offender under

the same such Overseer shall during the term have the powers

incident to the office of Sheriff or Goaler , and be answerable for

any escape of such offender , and also during such custody shall

feed and cloth such offender and shall keep him to labour at such

places and under such directions as his Majesty shall by order

directed to such Overseer appoint Now therefore it is further

agreed that in pursuance of the said Act of the 7th of July

1794 the said Lords Commissioners shall humbly recommend

to his Majesty that he would be graciously pleased to appoint the

said Jeremy Bentham to be Governor of the said hereby intend-

-ed Penitentiary House or Houses when erected , with their ap-

those which his Majesty is enabled to give to such Overseer as

abovementioned in manner abovementioned , Remainder to

any Assignee or Assignees jointly or successively of the said

Jeremy Bentham for and during the natural life of him

the said Jeremy Bentham or for any term or terms determi-

-nable upon his life, Remainder to the said Samuel Bentham.

Remainder

-purtenances during his natural life with the same powers as

under the above recited Act
15

have amounted to the sum of £210,352, making for the said

hereby intended number of 1000 Prisoners the sum of £233,724,,

8 ,,10 1/2 ; and according to the reduced estimate afterwards made

by the said Architects would for the said number of 1000 have

amounted to £183,652,,4 ,,5 1/4, exclusive of the expences of

fitting up and stocking the said Establishment ; all which

expences together , considering the usual and almost unavoi-

-dable difference between estimated and actual expence , could

not reasonably be reckoned at less than £215,000 in the

whole; insomuch that the said Jeremy Bentham, whensoever

he shall have fulfilled the present agreement in relation to

the said intended Establishment , including the fitting up

and stocking of the same, may reasonably be computed to

have saved to the public to the amount of £200,000 out of the

said £215,000 at the least And Whereas the sum of £15,000 (be-

-ing all that will remain of the said allowed sum of £27,000 after

setting apart the sum of £12,000 for the maintenance of the said

thousand Prisoners for one year) is not by any means a suffi-

-cient allowance for the expence of building , fitting and stocking

as aforesaid but only a partial allowance towards the same the

bulk of the expenditure necessary for the same being accordingly

made up or to be made up by and out of the private fortune,

or saved by the ingenuity of the said Jeremy and the said Sa-

-muel Bentham or one of them And Whereas if such Buildings

Improvements and Stock were not to be the property of the

said intended Managers the encouragement necessary to induce

them to contribute by their own money to the improvement

of the said Establishement would be in great measure

wanting

S d

S d
C

104

John shall be owner of such and such an estate. Of this na:

:ture are the operative parts of a Deed.

5. An Instrument may be spurious without being coun=

note of hand for such or such a sum of money from a pri=

:vate person, whose solvency he mistrusts, were to pass it off

upon an ignorant person for a Bank note or other Govern=

:ment Security. In this case; considered as a Government

Secuirty it is spurious: counterfeit however it is not: because

it never was intended by the man who made and executed

6. It is evident, that an instrument, (that is to say the dis=

:course contained therein) may be spurious without being false:

the authenticating part excepted (where there is any) which if it

be spurious, must be false. In like manner may an instru=

:ment, (that is to say any assertion contained therein) be false

without being spurious. A discourse may be true, though

forged: it may be false, though genuine. To p. 107. No 1

:terfeit. As if a man having possessed himself of a genuine

needs

it to pass for any thing but what it purports to be.

<gap/>

Definition Of Forgery.
provision for old age, upon the plan of the Annuity

Societies.

13.th To insure to them a livelihood at the expira-

-tion of their terms: by setting up a subsidiary esta-

-blishment into which all such as thought proper

should be admitted, and in which they would be con-

-tinued in the exercise of the trades in which they

14_th To make himself personally responsible for

the reformatory efficacy of his management, and e-

-ven make amends in most instances for any acci-

-dent of its failure, by paying a sum of money for

every prisoner convicted of a felony after his discharge,

at a rate increasing according to the number of years

he had been under the proposer's care: viz: a sum

not exceeding £10 if the prisoner had been in the

Penitentiary Panopticon two years: not exceeding

£15 if three years: not exceeding £20 if four years:

not exceeding £25 if five years or upwards: such

sum to be paid immediately on conviction, and to

be applied to the indemnification of the persons in-

-jured by such subsequent offence, and to be equal

in amount to the value of the injury, so long as it

did not exceed the sums respectively above specified.

15th. To present to the Court of King's Bench on a

certain day of every term, and afterwards print and

publish at his own expence, a Report, exhibiting

in

were employed during their confinement without

any further expence to Government.

4
13.9.2.c.4.§.20. 'And whereas good and necessary laws Laws

'have been made, and are still in force, within several of his

'Majesty's Colonies or Plantations in America, for the preventing

'the carrying off from the said Colonies or Plantations any

'Servant or Slave without the Consent of the Owner, or the

'carrying off from thence any other Person or Persons whatsoever,

'until in until such Person shall have taken out his Ticket

'from the Secretary's office within such respective Colony or Plant-

-'ation, in such Manner, and under such Penalties and

'Forfeitures, as in and by the said several Laws in declared

'and provided'; Be it therefore further enacted by the Authority

aforesaid, That all Commanders of Private Ships of War,

or Merchant Ships having Letters of Marque, shall upon

their going into any of those Ports or Harbours, be subject

and they are hereby determined to be subject to the

several Directions, Provisions, Penalties and Forfeitures in and

by such Laws made and provided; any in this Act con-

-tained to the contrary thereof in any wise notwith

standing._

Title.

thing

ch. IV. An Act for the more effectual securing and encou-

-raging the Trade of his Majesty's British Subjects in America,

and for the encouragement of Same to enter into his

Majesty's Service._.
15. To present to the Court of King's Bench on

a certain day of every Term, and afterwards print

and publish at his own expence, a Report, exhibi-

-ting in detail the state, not only moral & medical,

but economical, of the establishment: and then and

there, as well as on any other day upon summons

from the Court, to make answer to all such questions

as shall be put to him in relation thereto, not only

on the part of the Court or Officer of the Crown,

but by leave of the Court, on the part of any person

whatsoever: questions the answer to which might

tend to subject him to conviction though it were for a

capital crime, not excepted: treading underfoot a

maxim invented by the guilty for the benefit of the

guilty, and from which none but the guilty ever deri-

-ved any advantage.

16th By neatness and cleanliness, by diversity of

employment, by variety of contrivance, and above all,

by that peculiarity of construction, which without any

unpleasant or hazardous vicinity enables the whole

establishment to be inspected at a view, from a com-

-modious and insulated room in the center, the pri-

-soners remaining unconscious of their being thus

observed, it should be his study to render it a

spectacle such as persons of all classes would in the

way of amusement be curious to partake of: and

that,

5
Of Matrimonial Desertion.

It is a hard and not an uncommon case where in

a married couple either party betakes himself or herself out of

the reach or knowledge of the other. Such a breach of the marriage

This case is the more distressing in as much as the par=

=ty deserted may remain deprived of the comforts of matrimony

not only during the life of the deserter, but forever after. As

the desserter lived concealed so also may he die.

Among the lower classes of people this mischief hap=

:ware of.

In the case of matrimonial desertion at the end of a

free to engage in a new marriage; the deserter remaining bound,

A provision ought also to be made with regard to the ef=

:fects of the deserter if he or she have any separate. Such effects

the party deserted ought to have the power of taking into his

or her management during the continuance of the marriage.

It

contract may be termed Matrimonial Dessertion.

certain time after proper notice, the party deserted ought to be

unless the party deserted should have made another choice.

:pens more frequently than people of the higher classes are a=

C

1.
3

c

Of Personal Insults.

the presence of another is more or less injurious according as it

is more or less material to the party injured to stand well

in the esteem of such third person.

Also, according as from the sex, age, profession, or

other circumstances belonging to that person, the party injured

is likely to suffer more or less in his good opinion from

such a cause.

A personal Insult, the more public it is, the more

injurious. It is the more public the greater the number is of

the persons in whose presence it is offered; and the greater the

number of other persons is, to whom by means of such

eye-witnesses it comes to be or is likely to be made

known.

To a gentleman, money alone is never to be deemed

a sufficient compensation; he can never be made amends but

by the humiliation of the Offender.

Other Aggravations are 1. Seniority of the party injured.

2. Superiority in point of natural domestic relationship. 3. Su:

:periority in point of conventional domestic relationship. 4. Im:

:becilliority in point of Sex. 5. Weakness of the party injured. 6.

Multitude
I may obtain that pardon, or that amnesty, on which my

fate depends? How many lacks or <gap/> must I be content to

pocket or to waste, in addition to the million and odd which

(Your Lordship will see presently) has been wasted in New South

Wales? _ of how much human suffering must I be a contented

witness when it is in my power to relieve it. But if go I

must _ and there be no reprieve for me _ grant me this boon

at least _ let my accomplices in whose company I have a right

to find myself be sent with me: let me have King Lords and

Commons with me _ for twice though in vain they have abetted

and supported me in these flights: let me have Cocker and

his arithmetic with me _ for it was he that led me into them.