SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Personality in community ecology responses: integrating the behaviour and species interactions of a marine invader

Consistent behavioural variation between individuals of the same species (i.e. animal personality) is very common in animals, from mammals to fish and insects. Personality types like boldness/shyness can change how the individual interacts with its environment, e.g. the outcome of predator-prey interactions. However, the effects of widespread personality variability on ecosystems is relatively unexplored. Recent work shows that personality variability can alter the nature of trophic interactions between species and potentially contribute to ecosystem stability. Therefore, PinCER will investigate animal personality as a functional trait, quantifying links between personality (e.g. boldness, exploration etc.) and diet, trophic position and body condition in individual animals. By quantifying the degree that personality variability translates to functional diversity in food webs, PinCER will provide unprecedented insights into the effects of personality on ecosystems. Building on the experimental work, a review paper will also investigate existing empirical literature on behavioural variability’s role in species interactions.

Experimental work will focus on the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), analysing the links between personality and trophic interactions across an ecological invasion gradient. The round goby is an invasive fish in the Baltic Sea and European inlet waters and a proven study subject for behavioural research. Results will also have management implications, giving highly focused individual data on the species’ impacts on Baltic Sea communities. A full-time secondment in the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (Helsinki Commission) will focus on invasive species policy (management of ship-mediated introductions of non-indigenous species, e.g. the round goby) enhancing my training and career prospects. As such, PinCER will advance behavioural and community ecology, meet my skill acquisition needs and produce data for ecosystem management.
Control method for fault indicators in laundry driers

A fault must be signalled to the user even before the machine is started up and a cancellation of the signal must be linked necessarily to the elimination of the cause of the fault. Known indicator devices signal a fault only during operation. In the control method according to the invention, temperatures or air quantities are determined immediately, before the machine is started up, via thermostats or retaining flaps by means of a time-compressed programme-controlled machine test run. The size of these parameters governs the indication of a fault signal. In the event of a fault and after the defects have been rectified by the customer, the actual elimination of the fault is checked by means of a second test run and, if appropriate, the fault indication is necessarily cancelled. The control method is suitable both for exhaust-air and for condensation driers.
Device for blowing fluff or the like away from a circular knitting machine and a circular knitting machine fitted with such a device

A device for a circular knitting machine for blowing away fluff or the like is provided, having a plurality of blower openings each arranged to move to and fro on a circular path section, and a source of compressed air connected to the blower openings. The device further comprises a holder (23) mounted to rotate to and fro, with a plurality of tubes (28) extending substantially radially and leading to the blower openings, and a distribution device (34) connectible to the source of compressed air. By means of the distribution device (34) the tubes (28) can be connected to the source of compressed air in a predetermined sequence individually or in groups. Also a circular knitting machine have such a device is provided (FIG. 1).
Leather/hide drier - using multi-stage heating in free and forced air

The material is laid epidermis-side downwards on flat carrier plates, fixed to an endless chain conveyor or on a polished stainless steel conveyor belt which initially passes over a heater, or under a first radiant heater within a hood, before it enters the first of one or more forced air drying chambers contg. blowers and heater elements below which is an extractor pipe for the moist air. The chambers may be linked by relatively low tunnels contg. air locks or by inter. radiant heater sections with hoods. Relatively simple method of obtg. desired final moisture content without excessive drying, cracking etc.
Tipping points in the earth system

There is rising concern that several subsystems of the Earth may respond highly nonlinearly at critical future levels of anthropogenic forcing; these levels have recently been associated with tipping points (TPs). It is paramount to identify safe operating spaces for humanity and the planet in terms of these critical forcing levels, in order to prevent harmful transitions to alternative, undesirable states of the Earth system. The mechanisms leading to such abrupt transitions are only partly understood, and further research in this regard is urgently needed. State-of-art Earth System Models appear to respond too smoothly at TPs and have difficulties in simulating abrupt transitions that occurred in the planet’s history.   TiPES will address these problems from several angles: 1. The project will identify subsystems that may exhibit abrupt transitions, and couplings between them, by focussing on paleoclimatic records and abrupt transitions therein. Novel methods to detect Early Warning Signals of forthcoming TPs, and to make skilful predictions on their basis, will be developed. 2. The potential shortcomings of models in representing TPs will be evaluated; in particular, TiPES will investigate how Bayesian calibration techniques can help enable these models to simulate past abrupt transitions.  3. TiPES will develop a generalized theory of climate sensitivity that accounts for the presence of TPs and feedbacks across various time scales.  4. To define safe operating spaces. TiPES will focus on dynamical system theory and on global stability notions for non-autonomous systems in order to estimate the stability of desirable states.  5. The results obtained by the project will be communicated to policy makers in a manner that facilitates decisions and their implementation. TiPES will develop formal approaches to define the socioeconomic risks of crossing TPs, and to derive decision strategies to keep anthropogenic forcing below levels where abrupt transitions may occur.
European vascular interventions and therapeutic innovation network

EVOluTION, a pioneering network within EU in view of its focus on endogenous protective mechanisms, is formed to provide training for 11 young researchers in innovative therapeutic strategies, integrating early detection and prevention, to yield novel approaches to the management of chronic vascular and metabolic diseases that affect the increasing ageing population of Western societies. Fully aligned with the knowledge triangle (business, research and higher education) platform being developed at the EU level, EVOluTION-trained young scientists will gain valuable knowledge and multidisciplinary skills: only interdisciplinary and cross-cutting research can lead to novel therapeutic tools and scientific angles to address these challenging medical, societal and industrial issues. 
EVOluTION provides a conducive structure by bringing 5 leading academic institutions and 1 SME, together with 6 Pharma and biotech companies, 1 Policy-maker, and 1 Patent & Trade firm as Partner Organisations, from 6 EU countries. 
The science of EVOluTION evolves around the innovative concept of boosting natural protective mechanisms operating in our body, focusing on the vasculature, to answer 3 key questions: Can we exploit mediators and targets of endogenous tissue protection? Can we exploit these pathways to yield innovative therapeutic strategies? Can dietary approaches boost these endogenous protective processes? The Network Partners guarantee delivery of training through knowledge creation, knowledge exploitation and knowledge communication. Scientific and educational expertise of the partners, leaders in areas like computational chemistry, nutraceuticals, resolution pharmacology and vascular therapies will be maximally exploited. The EVOluTION training platform is based on state-of-the-art lab-based and network-wide and local training activities, including secondments and scientific visits and specialized transferable skills focussed in entrepreneurship and societal engagement.
Peer Review #2 of "Maternal self-efficacy and emotional well-being in Chilean adolescent mothers: the relationship with their children’s social-emotional development (v0.1)"

Background: Low maternal self-efficacy and high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress can be triggered in adolescent mothers due to an incomplete development process that makes them physically or psychologically unprepared for the responsibilities of motherhood and parenting.These factors may be linked to difficulties with their children's social-emotional development.The present study aims to: a) analyze the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and stress, depression, and anxiety levels in low-income adolescent mothers; b) examine the relationship between maternal self-efficacy and wellbeing with children's social-emotional development; and c) describe the effects of maternal self-efficacy on children's social-emotional development, mediated by maternal well-being.Methods: A sample of 79 dyads comprising low-income Chilean adolescent mothers aged from 15 to 21 years old (M=19.1,SD=1.66) and their children aged 10 to 24 months (M = 15.5, SD = 4.2) participated in this research.A set of psychometric scales was used to measure maternal self-efficacy (Parental Evaluation Scale, EEP), the mothers' anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), maternal stress (Parental Stress Scale, PSS), and the children's social-emotional development (Ages and Stages Questionnaire Socio-emotional, ASQ-SE).Bivariate analyses and mediation models were employed to estimate and test the relevant relationships.Results: A bivariate analysis showed that maternal self-efficacy was negatively related to the mother's anxiety, depression, and stress.Moreover, there was a significant relationship between maternal self-efficacy and maternal stress, and children's self-regulation and social-emotional development.Maternal self-efficacy, mediated by maternal anxiety, depression, and stress scores, had a significant effect on the development of children's self-regulation.Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of adolescent mothers' emotional wellbeing and maternal self-efficacy with respect to their children's social-emotional development.This makes it necessary to have detailed information about how emotional
Design of low-cost and carbon-resistant ni-based mesoporous silicas for chemical co2 utilization through tri-reforming of methane

Increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in our atmosphere are becoming evident and are having a tremendous effect on the global temperature rise. Growing awareness of greenhouse gas emissions has led to the implementation of chemical CO2 utilization technologies. Tri-reforming of methane (TRM) can not only produce synthesis gas (CO + H2) with desired H2/CO ratios (1.5–2.0) but can also eliminate carbon formation which is a serious problem in reforming of methane. Moreover, TRM allows converting CO2 directly from flue gases when applied in natural gas-fired power plants. However, a lack of catalysts able to operate efficiently with sufficient long-term stability hinders the development of the process. In this project, the proposed solution is to design a Ni-based mesoporous silica resistant to sintering and carbon formation and able to perform superior catalytic conversion of CO2. The synthesis of catalysts takes advantage of renewable bio-sources, zero-cost industrial waste and assistance of microwaves. The latter is applied to reduce power usage. The catalytic measurements will be performed with gas composition typical of flue gases from a natural-gas-fired power plant. The materials will be characterized by methods dedicated to examine physico-chemical features, such as XRD, N2 sorption, TPR, H2 chemisorption, TGA/DSC-MS, and XPS. The catalysts with optimal properties will be studied by steady-state isotopic transient kinetic analysis (SSITKA). Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) will be carried out to support the experiments. The understanding of possible deactivation mechanisms (carbon formation, sintering, selectivity towards side reactions) will be studied during the Secondment stay (Sorbonne Université, France). Operando XAS-XRD measurements will be performed to reveal the nature of active sites on the tri-reforming catalysts.
Effects of Yield and Quality by Different Fertilization on ‘Zuirenxiang’ Grape

By the ‘Zuirenxiang’ grape as material,on the basis of base fertilizers in the autumn,through the 5 different treatments in the leaf expansion as DAP 0.5 kg,0.75 kg,1.0 kg and 0.6 kg bags controlled release fertilizer and no fertilizer to research the effects of yield and quality on ‘Zuirenxiang’ grape.The results showed that,compared with CK,all treatments could increase the yield and quality grape in varying degrees.Among them,the bags of controlled release fertilizer was the best,all observation items,including shoot diameter,single fruit weight,plant yield,soluble solids,organic acids and sugar acid ratio,were reached 9.7 mm,9.7 g,4.37 kg,21.1% and 47.85 respectively,compared with CK it improved 1.6 mm,1.9 g,0.66 kg,1.0% and 5.87 respectively,had significant difference.
Antimicrobial Resistance: A Crisis In Health Care

Antimicrobial Resistance: A Global Perspective.- Resistance to Antibacterial Agents.- Bacterial Resistance to Carbapenems.- Bacterial Resistance to Fluoroquinolones: Mechanisms and Patterns.- A Comparison of Active Site Binding of 4-Quinolones and Novel Flavone Gyrase Inhibitors to DNA Gyrase.- A Low-Copy Number Plasmid Mediating ?-Lactamase Production by Xanthomonas maltophilia.- Glycopeptide Resistance in Gram-Positive Pathogens.- Vancomycin-Dependent Enterococci: A Clinical and Laboratory Assessment.- Streptococcus pyogenes: Resistant, Tolerant, Neither or Both?.- The Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates from the Philadelphia Area.- Antibiotic-Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae.- Emerging Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance: A Laboratory Perspective.- Molecular Epidemiologic Analysis of Antibiotic Resistant Microorganisms.- Patterns of Resistance in Organisms Causing Gynecologic Infections.- Practical Management of Patients Infected with Resistant Organisms: An Infection Control Perspective.- Resistance to Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Therapeutic Agents.- Molecular Approaches to the Spreading Problem of Drug Resistant Malaria.- An Improved Method for in Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Trichomonas vaginalis.- Antifungal Drugs and Resistance.- Contributors.
OFFSET INSENSITIVE QUADRATURE CLOCK ERROR CORRECTION AND DUTY CYCLE CALIBRATION FOR HIGH-SPEED CLOCKING

Techniques for correcting clock distortion. The techniques include use of circuitry for detecting and correcting duty cycle distortion and quadrature clock phase distortion. For phase detection, detection circuitry (100) is made simpler and more accurate through the use of a sampling operation in which device mismatch within detection circuitry is accounted for by sampling charge associated with an ideal clock signal across sampling capacitors (302). When phase detection is performed with the detection circuitry 100, the stored charge compensates for the device mismatch, improving the accuracy of the detection circuit. The sampling operation is used for duty cycle distortion detection as well. Specifically, a common mode voltage is applied to sampling capacitors (302), which effectively zeroes the voltage differential between the sampling capacitors (302), compensating for offset that might exist due to operation of other components of the detection circuit (100). A digital value is used by a feedback algorithm to correct the clock distortion.
Tunable photonic structures via photomechanical actuation

The next frontier in photonics is to achieve dynamic and externally tunable materials that allow for real-time, on-demand control over optical responses. Light is in many ways an ideal stimulus for achieving such control, and PHOTOTUNE aims at devising a comprehensive toolbox for the fabrication of light-tunable solid-state photonic structures. We harness light to control light, by making use of photoactuable liquid-crystal elastomers, which display large light-induced deformations through coupling between anisotropic liquid-crystal order and elasticity brought about by the polymer network.

We will take liquid-crystal elastomers into a new context by intertwining photomechanics and photonics. Specifically, PHOTOTUNE is built around the following two objectives:

(i) Tunable photonic bandgaps and lasing in photoactuable layered structures: The aim is to take photomechanical materials into the scale of optical wavelengths and utilize them in thickness-tunable liquid-crystal elastomer films. Such films will be further integrated into layered structures to obtain photonic crystals and multilayer distributed feedback lasers whose properties can be tuned by light.

(ii) Photomechanical control over plasmonic enhancement on nanostructured elastomeric substrates: Fabrication of metal nanostructures on substrates that can contract and expand in response to light comprises a perfect, yet previously unexplored, nanophotonic platform with light-tunable lattice parameters. We will apply such tunable photoelastomeric substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and phototunable nonlinear plasmonics. 

We expect to present a wholly new technological toolbox for tunable optical components and sensing platforms and beyond: The horizons of PHOTOTUNE are as far-reaching as in studying distance-dependent physical phenomena, controlling the speed of light in periodic structures, and designing actively-tunable optical metamaterials.
IODINE/RESIN DISINFECTANT AND A PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF

The present invention relates to iodine demand disinfectants. It relates in particular to a process for preparing a polyiodide-resin for use as a iodine demand disinfectant wherein a porous strong base anion exchange resin in a salt form, is contacted with a material capable of donating a member absorbable by the resin so as to convert the resin to the polyiodide-resin. The adsorbable member is selected from the group comprising I2 and polyiodide ion having a valence of -1. The process is characterized in that conversion of the anion exchange resin to the polyiodide-resin is effected at elevated temperature and elevated pressure, the elevated temperature being 100 C or higher, the elevated pressure being greater than atmospheric pressure. The present invention also relates to a disinfectant substance comprising an iodine (impregnated) resin as produced by the above process.
Agricultural Waste valorization for a competitive and sustainable Regional Development

The project stems from the observation of the massive use of plastic materials in agriculture, whose disposal is a high cost for companies, besides being a serious environmental problem. The general aim of the project is, therefore, to enhance competitiveness for the agricultural companies by reducing the costs of collection and disposal of plastic wastes. The specific objectives are: - to introduce the use of technologies (web based GIS) - to promote the application of international standards in public policies and to develop common local plans and procedures - to test the procedures of collection through the implementation of a temporary pilot station of disposal, cleaning and re-use - to transfer to small agricultural businesses the innovation and technological findings - to raise awareness of farmers on the possibility of making value of the plastic waste stream - to stimulate the creation of new small businesses in the field of collection and recycling of plastic waste, - to promote the mainstreaming of results in regional and national policies.
c-di-GMP protects against intranasal Acinetobacter baumannii infection in mice by chemokine induction and enhanced neutrophil recruitment

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a major cause of both community-associated and nosocomial infections worldwide. A. baumannii rapidly develops resistance to multiple antibiotics; as a result, infections by this pathogen have become increasingly difficult to treat. In this study, we evaluated the effect of 3',5'-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger and immunomodulator, in the host defense against A. baumannii infection in a mouse model of intranasal infection. Our results showed that 50 μg of c-di-GMP administered 18 h prior to infection provided the best protection against intranasal infection with A. baumannii. Mechanistically, administration of c-di-GMP induced the production of chemokines KC, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-2 and RANTES, and enhanced neutrophil recruitment in the lung. Moreover, depletion of neutrophils abolished the protective role of c-di-GMP. Taken together, our data suggest that c-di-GMP confers resistance against intranasal A. baumannii infection in mice through a neutrophil-dependent mechanism and that c-di-GMP should be further explored as an immunomodulator for the treatment of A. baumannii infection.
Effectiveness of mRNA vaccines and waning of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19 during predominant circulation of the delta variant in Italy: retrospective cohort study

To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19 at different time after vaccination.Retrospective cohort study.Italy, 27 December 2020 to 7 November 2021.33 250 344 people aged ≥16 years who received a first dose of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine and did not have a previous diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe covid-19 (admission to hospital or death). Data were divided by weekly time intervals after vaccination. Incidence rate ratios at different time intervals were estimated by multilevel negative binomial models with robust variance estimator. Sex, age group, brand of vaccine, priority risk category, and regional weekly incidence in the general population were included as covariates. Geographic region was included as a random effect. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-IRR)×100, where IRR=incidence rate ratio, with the time interval 0-14 days after the first dose of vaccine as the reference.During the epidemic phase when the delta variant was the predominant strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly decreased (P<0.001) from 82% (95% confidence interval 80% to 84%) at 3-4 weeks after the second dose of vaccine to 33% (27% to 39%) at 27-30 weeks after the second dose. In the same time intervals, vaccine effectiveness against severe covid-19 also decreased (P<0.001), although to a lesser extent, from 96% (95% to 97%) to 80% (76% to 83%). High risk people (vaccine effectiveness -6%, -28% to 12%), those aged ≥80 years (11%, -15% to 31%), and those aged 60-79 years (2%, -11% to 14%) did not seem to be protected against infection at 27-30 weeks after the second dose of vaccine.The results support the vaccination campaigns targeting high risk people, those aged ≥60 years, and healthcare workers to receive a booster dose of vaccine six months after the primary vaccination cycle. The results also suggest that timing the booster dose earlier than six months after the primary vaccination cycle and extending the offer of the booster dose to the wider eligible population might be warranted.