SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
A Higher-Order Closure Model with an Explicit PBL Top

Abstract In 2001, the authors presented a higher-order mass-flux model called “assumed distributions with higher-order closure” (ADHOC 1), which represents the large eddies of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) in terms of an assumed joint distribution of the vertical velocity and scalars. In a subsequent version (ADHOC 2) the authors incorporated vertical momentum fluxes and second moments involving pressure perturbations into the framework. These versions of ADHOC, as well as all other higher-order closure models, are not suitable for use in large-scale models because of the high vertical and temporal resolution that is required. This high resolution is needed mainly because higher-order closure (HOC) models must resolve discontinuities at the PBL top, which can occur anywhere on a model’s Eulerian vertical grid. This paper reports the development of ADHOC 3, in which the computational cost of the model is reduced by introducing the PBL depth as an explicit prognostic variable. ADHOC 3 uses a stretched vertical coordinate that is attached to the PBL top. The discontinuous jumps at the PBL top are “hidden” in the layer edge that represents the PBL top. This new HOC model can use much coarser vertical resolution and a longer time step and is thus suitable for use in large-scale models. To predict the PBL depth, an entrainment parameterization is needed. In the development of the model, the authors have been led to a new view of the old problem of entrainment parameterization. The relatively detailed information available in the HOC model is used to parameterize the entrainment rate. The present approach thus borrows ideas from mixed-layer modeling to create a new, more economical type of HOC model that is better suited for use as a parameterization in large-scale models.
For what endpoint does myocardial 123I-MIBG scintigraphy have the greatest prognostic value in patients with chronic heart failure? Results of a pooled individual patient data meta-analysis

The purpose of this study was to determine the most appropriate prognostic endpoint for myocardial (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) based on aggregate results from multiple studies published in the past decade.Original individual late (3-5 h) heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratio data of 636 CHF patients were retrieved from six studies from Europe and the USA. All-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, arrhythmic events, and heart transplantation were investigated to determine which provided the strongest prognostic significance for the MIBG imaging data. The majority of patients was male (78%), had a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (31.1 ± 12.5%), and a mean late H/M of 1.67 ± 0.47. During follow-up (mean 36.9 ± 20.1 months), there were 83 deaths, 67 cardiac deaths, 33 arrhythmic events, and 56 heart transplants. In univariate regression analysis, late H/M was a significant predictor of all event categories, but lowest hazard ratios (HRs) were for the composite endpoint of any event (HR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.19-0.46), all-cause (HR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.16-0.53), and cardiac mortality (HR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.14-0.55). In multivariate analysis, late H/M was an independent predictor for all event categories, except for arrhythmias.This pooled individual patient data meta-analysis showed that, in CHF patients, the late H/M ratio is not only useful as a dichotomous predictor of events (high vs. low risk), but also has prognostic implication over the full range of the outcome value for all event categories except arrhythmias.
High isolation dual band dual polarized antenna

A new configuration of the dual-band and dual-polarized antenna is presented, which is fed by aperture coupling for the existing mobile communication systems working over 870–960 MHz (GSM) and 1710–2180 MHz (DCS/UMTS) frequency band. In this paper DU band stands for DCS/UMTS band. Measurement results show that the proposed antenna yields good broadside radiation characteristics including symmetric radiation patterns, low cross-polarization level ( 20 dB) and high isolation (> 30 dB) at both bands. The designed antenna has an impedance bandwidth of 20.4% (790–970 MHz) for VSWR < 1.5 in the lower band and 29.3% for VSWR < 1.6 (1630–2190 MHz) in the upper band. The measured average gains are about 9.3–10.2 and 8.6–10 dBi in the lower and upper band, respectively. It is also promising for array antenna in various wireless systems.
Identificación molecular y diversidad genética de las especies de nematodos Globodera rostochiensis y G. pallida en regiones productoras de papa de Guatemala

En Guatemala, la producción del cultivo de papa se ve afectada por los nematodos Globodera rostochiensis y Globodera pallida. La capacidad de ambas especies para formar quistes complica su control y provoca el aumento de sus poblaciones. En Guatemala se reporta la presencia de ambas especies de nematodos por identificación morfológica, sin embargo, no se ha realizado una confirmación molecular. Este es el primer estudio para validar la presencia de ambas especies de nematodos por PCR múltiple y la determinación de la diversidad y estructura genética de las poblaciones utilizando marcadores moleculares. Se realizaron muestreos en cuatro departamentos productores de papa del país. La identificación por PCR se realizó con el cebador común ITS5 y los cebadores PITSr3 específico para G. rostochiensis y PITSp4 para G. pallida. La caracterización molecular se realizó con el marcador AFLP. Se confirmó la presencia de las dos especies de nematodos en los cuatro departamentos. Los índices de diversidad Shannon y heterocigosidad esperada revelaron mayor diversidad genética en G. rostochiensis (H = 0.311, He = 0.301) que en G. pallida (H = 0.035, He = 0.223). Los métodos NJ, DAPC y PCA exhibieron una débil estructura entre las poblaciones de ambas especies de nematodos. Los resultados sugieren un patrón de dispersión desde Quetzaltenango hacia el resto del país, atribuido a la comercialización de semilla contaminada con nematodos. Se sugiere promover programas de socialización sobre los beneficios del uso de semilla certificada, además de constantes monitoreos moleculares para un diagnóstico certero de ambas especies de nematodos.
Phase II study on hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy using percutaneous catheter placement techniques for liver metastases from colorectal cancer (JFMC28 study)

This prospective multicenter study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and adverse events of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using percutaneous catheter placement techniques for liver metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC).We administered 5-fluorouracil at 1000 mg/m2 over 5 h via hepatic arterial infusion on a weekly schedule. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (RR). The secondary endpoints were the overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicities.Between February 2000 and March 2002, seventy-seven eligible patients were enrolled in this study. After a median of 26 treatment cycles, 4 patients achieved a complete response, 29 achieved a partial response, 28 had stable disease, 15 had progressive disease and the status of one patient was unknown. The overall RR was 42.9% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 79.2%. The median PFS and OS times were 203 and 560 days, respectively. The most common grade 3 or 4 hematological and non-hematological toxicities were total bilirubin level elevation (10.4%) and gamma-glutamyl transferase level elevation (10.4%). With regard to the relationship between the background factors and treatment outcomes, the DCR, RR, PFS and OS were different between patients with and without extrahepatic lesions (DCR: 86.5% vs 64%, RR: 46.2% vs 36.0%, PFS: 233 days vs 99 days, OS: 587 days vs 558 days).The primary endpoint of this study was not met. HAIC using percutaneous catheter placement techniques did not improve the RR for liver metastasis from CRC.
Participatory adaptation to climate extremes: an assessment of households’ willingness to contribute labor for flood risk mitigation in Pakistan

The predicted increase in frequency and severity of flooding events poses substantial challenges for the farming communities of developing countries. Given the financial limitations of governments in these countries, the concept of participatory flood management is of high relevance. This article studies how communities can participate in structural measures such as embankments/dikes. Given that surplus rural labor is available due to the seasonal nature of agricultural operations, this paper utilizes a field survey for exploring the willingness to contribute (WTC) labor by rural households in Pakistan towards a hypothetical flood-protection scheme. Results show a potential labor contribution of 11.07 man-days per year per household (equivalent to Rs. 4,084 or 39 USD). The WTC decision is positively influenced by the number of adult family members, livestock damage, compensation received and expected effectiveness of the intervention, but is negatively influenced by age and education of the household head, farm income and the distance of the farm from the river. The study concludes that community resources (e.g., manual labor) can be utilized for flood mitigation, which may reduce the costs of building and maintaining the infrastructure while increasing the sense of security and ownership. This would also ensure the sustainability of flood protection interventions to a considerable extent.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING AT LEAST ONE PARAMETER IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF PERISHABLE PRODUCTS

The invention relates to a system and method for recording and managing at least one parameter associated with the transportation of perishable products in a refrigerated container. The system comprises at least one recording device (10), configured for being accommodated inside a refrigerated container (20), and comprising: at least one sensor for measuring at least one parameter on repeated occasions during the time of the transportation; electronic means for storing data obtained by said at least one sensor; and inlet/outlet means (18) configured for providing the data obtained by the at least one sensor to an electronic device (40) via a local connection. The system also comprises: download means for passing on said data relating to at least one parameter from said electronic device (40) to the cloud (60) via the internet (70); and means for managing and handling the data coming from said plurality of recording devices (10), wherein said means for the management and handling of data are configured for storing said data and providing same to a plurality of users (100) via a remote connection (90) for the management thereof according to parameters configured by each user (100).
Radiotracer Technique in Study of Strongly Basic Anion Exchange Resins Dowex-SBR LC and Indion-454

The present paper demonstrates application of isotopic tracer technique in characterization of anion exchange resins Dowex-SBR LC and Indion-454 for which 131 I and 82 Br radio isotopes were used. The characterization was made based on iodide and bromide ion-isotopic exchange reaction kinetic data obtained for the two resins. It was observed that during iodide ion-isotopic exchange reaction performed at 35.0 °C, 1.000 g of ion exchange resins and 0.002 mol/L labeled iodide ion solution, the values of specific reaction rate (min -1 ), amount of ion exchanged (mmol), initial rate of ion exchange (mmol/min) and log K d were 0.379, 0.426, 0.161 and 16.2 respectively for Dowex-SBR LC resin, which was higher than the respective values of 0.156, 0.243, 0.038 and 13.4 as that obtained by using Indion-454 resins. The identical trend was observed for the two resins during bromide ion-isotopic exchange reaction. The results of present investigation also indicate that during the two ion-isotopic exchange reactions, for both the resins, there exists a strong positive linear correlation between amount of ions exchanged and concentration of ionic solution; and strong negative correlation between amount of ions exchanged and temperature of exchanging medium. Based on overall results it appears that under identical experimental conditions, as compared to Indion-454 resins, Dowex-SBR LC resins show superior performance. It is expected here that the present technique can be extended further for characterization of different ion exchange resins which will further help in the selection of those reins for the specific industrial application
Evolution of human tooth enamel: unlocking hidden cell mechanisms

Understanding the ways in which we relate to our fossil ancestors is fundamental to elucidating how modern humans evolved. Yet, after a century of investigations, there is still no consensus about relationships among some members of the genus Homo. Studies of enamel thickness have been at the centre of these debates. Teeth preserve well in the fossil record and enamel thickness is a trait that can contribute to taxonomic classification. Yet, we know very little about the cell mechanisms that generate variation in enamel thickness. Several of our fossil ancestors have enamel that is of similar thickness, though it formed with very different underlying developmental processes. The goal in this interdisciplinary project is to combine 3D and 2D microtomography, histology, and theoretical biology to identify links between enamel growth and thickness to reveal novel traits in our fossil ancestors that will contribute new classification knowledge to our understanding of human evolution. I will examine modern day samples and fossil samples spanning the past 2 million years from the genus Homo. I will use the knowledge I gain to re-examine existing debates about which fossils are, or are not, ‘human-like’ to provide novel insights into their classification. Results will be of interest to anthropologists, human biologists, archaeologists, as well as the general public. My project will provide novel information about human growth and development that will also be of interest to clinicians.
International, inter-sectoral and inter-disciplinary doctoral training programme to aix-marseille university

DOC2AMU raised out of the willpower of the Provence Alpes Cote d’Azur key regional actors in Research and Innovation to offer to the most promising early stage researchers an international, inter-sectoral and inter-disciplinary innovative doctoral training programme. The excellence is ensured not only by the research ecosystem of Aix-Marseille University  but also through the open, transparent, merit-based, impartial and equitable selection process set up to assess the perfect match between the proposed doctoral projects and the ESRs. Further to ensure the best career perspectives after ESR’s’ graduation, DOC2AMU set up an original training programme offering a training scheme combining options of the 3 international/inter-sectoral and interdisciplinary dimensions, including a comprehensive package of transferable skills training, along with a specific mentoring scheme involving an academic Supervisor, a non-academic and/or international tutor(s) and a Scientific & Training Supervisory Committee. Apart from the recruitment of 30 ESRs, it is expected that DOC2AMU will enhance skills of AMU ESRs including transferrable ones; upgrade AMU doctorate’s curriculum, by generalizing the innovative Doctorate Principles as a standard for all Doctoral training in AMU; reinforce AMU capacities to host talented international researchers in high standard working and improved employment conditions; intensify the cooperation and the alignment of AMU Human Resources practices between key regional academic and non-academic research and innovation players; develop new synergies on the regional territory; strengthen the innovative aspects of the Regional Doctoral programme and disseminating HR and training good practices in other Universities and Research organisations in PACA; and prioritize research projects focusing on the regional Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialization strategies to create a regional leverage in terms of knowledge and innovation.
Understanding and leveraging ‘moments of change’ for pro-environmental behaviour shifts

Responding to climate change requires profound changes to individual behaviour. However, much of our behaviour is habitual, which is resistant to change. Habits are cued by stable contexts (i.e., same time, place and/or social group), so when these change, habits are disrupted, providing an opportunity to intervene to foster pro-environmental behaviour. ‘Moments of change’ are when individual life circumstances shift within a short time frame, and include biographical and exogenous changes (e.g., becoming a parent, travel disruption). The relationship between moments of change and environmental impact is complex, with heterogeneity between individuals, cultures and behaviours. The aim of this proposal is to examine how ambitious lifestyle change might be achieved through understanding and harnessing ‘moments of change’ in life circumstances. This project integrates insights from several fields (developmental and environmental psychology, sociology, science & technology studies) to bring a much-needed focus on the temporal and socio-technical dimensions of pro-environmental behaviour (change). There are two objectives for the research: (a) To explore and track moments of pro-environmental behaviour change across cultures and life-course; and (b) To examine the efficacy of behavioural interventions targeted to moments of change. Three work packages address these objectives through an ambitious programme of cross-cultural research using secondary and big data analyses, longitudinal qualitative interviews and panel surveys to explore moments of change, and experimental studies to test behaviour change interventions targeted at moments of change (e.g., starting university, retiring, relocating). This project promises a step-change in understanding the dynamics of pro-environmental change across the life course and cultures, and the development of robust habit-disrupting interventions to foster lifestyle change.
Thermal modeling of wide bandgap materials for power MOSFETs

This paper investigates the thermal performance of different wide bandgap (WBG) materials for their applicability as
semiconductor material in power electronic devices. In particular, Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Gallium Nitride (GaN) are
modeled for this purpose. These WBG materials have been known to show superior intrinsic material properties as
compared to Silicon (Si), such as higher carrier mobility, lower electrical and thermal resistance. These unique properties
have allowed for them to be used in power devices that can operate at higher voltages, temperatures and switching
speeds with higher efficiencies. Digital prototyping of power devices have facilitated inexpensive and flexible methods
for faster device development. The commercial simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate a 2-D
model of MOSFETs of these WBG materials to observe their thermal performance under different voltage and current
operating conditions. COMSOL is a simulation software that can be used to simulate temperature changes due to Joule
heating in the case of power MOSFETs. COMSOL uses Finite Element/Volume Analysis methods to solve for variables
in complex geometries where multiple material properties and physics are involved. The Semiconductor and Heat
Transfer with Solids modules of COMSOL were used to study the thermal performance of the MOSFETs in steady state
conditions. The results of the simulations for each of the two WBG materials were compared with that of Silicon to
determine relative stability and merit of each material.
INSULATED BUILDING BLOCK

An insulated, substantially rectangular building block (10) is disclosed. The block (10) contains two spaced, outer supportive parts (12, 14) which are interlockably connected with each other and which extend along the length of the block; and a curvilinear inner insulating material (16) is present in the space between the supportive parts (12, 14). Each of the outer supportive parts (12, 14) has a configuration which differs from that of the other such part. The insulating material (16) is wedge-shaped, and it fits into a space between said supportive parts (12, 14) which is defined by walls which extend inwardly from the top (30) of the building block (10) to its bottom (32).
MÉTODO E DISPOSITIVO PARA O RECOZIMENTO DE UM FIO DE GUARNIÇÃO PARA O PROCESSAMENTO DE FIBRAS TÊXTEIS

MÉTODO PARA A TÊMPERA DE UM FIO DE GUARNIÇÃO PARA O PROCESSAMENTO DE FIBRAS TÊXTEIS, E, INSTALAÇÃO. A presente invenção se refere a um método para a têmpera de um fio de guarnição (1) para o processamento de fibras têxteis e a uma instalação (100) para isso, sendo que, o fio de guarnição (1) apresenta uma série de dentes dispostos em sua direção longitudinal, e sendo que, para o contato com pelo menos uma chama aberta, o fio de guarnição (1) é guiado através de uma área de aquecimento (11) em uma direção de movimento do fio, sendo que, à área de aquecimento (11) se segue um banho de resfriamento brusco (12) com um líquido de resfriamento brusco (13) e um dispositivo de recozimento (14) em seguida. De acordo com a invenção, o fio de guarnição (1) que se movimenta na direção de movimento do fio, é lavado em volta com um meio de proteção (16) em uma área de transferência (15) entre a área de contato com a chama aberta (10) e a entrada para o líquido de resfriamento brusco (13).
Data backup system and method

A data backup system for backing up a data file from a source device having a source processor and an input device to a target device having a target processor and a database over a communication network. The source processor determines whether the data file has been modified, and if so, determines the modified data block(s). The modified data block(s) are transmitted from the source processor to the target processor over the communication network. The target processor receives the modified data block(s) from the source device over the communications network, and uses the modified data block(s) to construct the data file, and to store the data file on the database. Concurrently, it is determined if the input device is active at any time during the backup process, and if so, the backup processing is interrupted until the input device has been inactive for a predetermined period of time.