SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
High temperature – small-scale sub-surface deformation assisted by oxidation

Structural materials exposed at high temperatures (650°C-1200°C) and severe loads are prone to both local oxidation-assisted deformation and deformation-assisted surface reactivity. Material evolutions within the sub-surface region affected by oxidation (0.1 to 100 µm deep gradient) generally drive premature damage and the unexpected ruin of bulky structural components. Therefore, assessing the evolutions of the local deformation at the sub-grain scale at high temperature using micro- and mesomechanical approaches is the key point to clarify thermo-mechano-chemical interactions favouring early damage. HT-S4DefOx aims to tackle such small-scale and pluridisciplinary investigations on Ni-based and Ti-based model materials. Advanced high temperature micromechanical techniques (high resolution-digital image correlation (HR-DIC), in-situ TEM mechanical testing, in-situ micropillar/nanoindentation testing, synchrotron nano-tomography and topotomography) will be purposely coupled with numerical simulations (phase field-coupled crystal plasticity finite element methods). My unique expertise in mesoscale ultrathin specimen preparation and testing allows the present experimental investigation of the coupling between surface reactivity and local deformations. The development of novel mesoscale flexural techniques with real-time 3D observation of the specimen deformation up to 1000°C will finally bridge the gap between micro- and macroscale mechanical characterisations, with an emphasis on graded properties materials. Investigating sub-surface behaviour during oxidation lies in the inability to achieve robust measurement at such hidden location. In addition, the surface texture evolution while oxide growth constitutes another significant obstacle. Therefore, smart surface monitoring for high temperature HR-DIC at the microscale and inverse numerical methods will give unique and quantitative information on the local mechanical behaviour of such “invisible” materials.
Discrete acyltransferases involved in polyketide biosynthesis

Polyketides (PKs) are a class of natural products with highly diverse structures and bioactivities. Important clinical antibiotics like tetracycline, erythromycin, mupirocin, and dalfopristin (a component of Synercid®) belong to this compound class. The diversity of PK structures depends on their assembly process, for which multifunctional enzymes, the modular polyketide synthases (PKSs), are required. These megasynthases are organized in modules, consisting of integrated enzymatic domains, which catalyze the individual reaction steps in PK biosynthesis. Here, we focus on a subset of PKSs, the trans-AT type modular PKSs and their discrete acyltransferases (ATs). In contrast to the classical cis-AT PKSs which have AT domains within the megasynthases, the trans-AT PKSs recruit discrete ATs, which are encoded by separate genes. ATs are required for the selection of precursors and their loading to acyl carrier protein (ACP) domains of the PKS. Although, the number of identified trans-AT PKS gene clusters increased over the last decade, the functional analysis of the discrete ATs in those pathways was carried out only for a few examples. In these cases – excluding ATs accepting ACP-linked extenders – transfer of malonyl-CoA was observed. This suggested a strict malonyl-CoA specificity of the in trans acting ATs. Only recently, a discrete AT, which selects freestanding ethylmalonyl-CoA and uses this substrate for the direct loading of a specific ACP domain of a kirromycin PKS, was described. Furthermore, this represents a novel mechanism of incorporation of branched structures into polyketides. The identification of the AT motifs responsible for the substrate recognition and ACP docking are of particular importance for understanding and modification of such systems. Here, we provide a summary of information gained from experimental studies on discrete ATs involved in polyketide biosynthesis until the end of 2011.
Herding in analysts’ recommendations: The role of media

Abstract This study investigates the impact of media on analysts’ herding behavior when making stock recommendations. We find three main results. First, we find that analysts herd less when stocks are covered more in the media. Second, when the firm has negative media sentiment, analysts tend to herd more. Third, higher disagreement in the media is associated with a higher tendency to herd among analysts. These findings are robust to the confounding effect of news flows on returns as well as to alternative explanations. In addition, we find that the effect of media on the herding behavior is conditional on analyst characteristics.
Validation tests of electromechanical actuators and its dedicated control units at trl 6 level

The objective of the VALEMA project is twofold:
- On the one hand it is required to manufacture and assembly units (EMAs and ECUs) previously designed and developed according to the JTI-CS2-2016-CFP03-SYS-02-14 Call (Development of electromechanical actuators and electronic control units for flight control systems) for in flight tests activities.
- On the other hand it is required to perform certification activities regarding both the HW and SW of the ECUs in order to obtain a permit to fly in the FTB2 demonstrator of the Regional Aircraft.

The manufacturing part will include a deep analysis of manufacturing routes, materials to be used and applicable qualification tests, searching for innovative processes, in order to ensure that the processes optimize the manufacturing time, minimize the raw material used and minimize the environmental impact.

The certification activities will be aimed at obtaining the permit to fly from the applicable Airworthiness Authorities for the aileron/spoiler ECU HW design (according to DO-254) and for the aileron/spoiler ECU SW design (according to DO-178B).

These activities can be considered as the last step within the HW and SW design of the aileron/spoiler ECU development to be undertaken in EMA4FLIGHT according to the JTI-CS2-2016-CFP03-SYS-02-14 Call and, as such, the innovations developed within that call also apply herein.
(11429.27102016.098000522) VISÃO GHIOTT 2018

O PROGRAMA DO PROJETO GV18 ESTÁ DIVIDIDO EM 2 AÇÕES MACRO E 4 ÁREAS DE INTERVENÇÃO (A-B-C-D), DAS QUAIS 2 (C-D) REPRESENTAM AS DE INVESTIMENTO: 1. COM BASE NA ANÁLISE DE CONTEXTO ACIMA REFERIDA, A EMPRESA INTERCETOU NOVAS NECESSIDADES DE MERCADO E, POR CONSEGUINTE, FORAM IDENTIFICADAS NOVAS LINHAS DE PRODUTOS: A. MERCADO B. PRODUTO 2. INOVAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS (TECNOLOGIA/ORGANIZAÇÃO) C. TECNOLOGIA D. ORGANIZAÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO I. GESTÃO TEMPORÁRIA II. TRANSFORMAÇÃO MAGRA
Learning from failure in a collaborative entrepreneurship network

The LIFE project is about collaborative learning from failure in entrepreneurship and collaborative actions to bring entrepreneurship forward.

Although cultural diversity is one of Europe’s biggest assets, this also creates severe obstacles for entrepreneurs to scale their efforts at the pan-European level. The distributed markets, language barriers and decentralized policy leads to: lack of access to talent & relevant expertise, to sufficient financing and to adequate facilities & networks.

Hinged on a yearly Failing Forward conference, the project will 
- map out all the relevant stakeholders and programs in each of the partnering areas in a systematic way, making this available to all web entrepreneurs across Europe in one centralized platform,
- identify, share and discuss best practices & success stories 

This yearly pan-European conference in Brussels will be complemented with local spin-off events in the partner regions, to 
-	generate and grow awareness that failure is an inherent part of the process of entrepreneurship and innovation;
-	share and celebrate the success stories that were built on incremental learning;
-	open up the existing startup support programs to web entrepreneurs from all over Europe
Lithium oxalyldifluoroborate/carbonate electrolytes for LiFePO4/artificial graphite lithium-ion cells

Abstract The electrolytes based on lithium oxalyldifluoroborate (LiODFB) and carbonates have been systematically investigated for LiFePO 4 /artificial graphite (AG) cells, by ionic conductivity test and various electrochemical tests, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge–discharge test. The conductivity of nine electrolytes as a function of solvent composition and LiODFB salt concentration has been studied. The coulombic efficiency of LiFePO 4 /Li and AG/Li half cells with these electrolytes have also been compared. The results show that 1 M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) electrolyte has a relatively higher conductivity (8.25 mS cm −1 ) at 25 °C, with high coulombic efficiency, good kinetics characteristics and low interface resistance. With 1 M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) electrolyte, LiFePO 4 /AG cells exhibit excellent capacity retention ∼92% and ∼88% after 100 cycles at 25 °C and at elevated temperatures up to 65 °C, respectively; The LiFePO 4 /AG cells also have good rate capability, the discharge capacity is 324.8 mAh at 4 C, which is about 89% of the discharge capacity at 0.5 C. However, at −10 °C, the capacity is relatively lower. Compared with 1 M LiPF 6 EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v), LiFePO 4 /AG cells with 1 M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) exhibited better capacity utilization at both room temperature and 65 °C. The capacity retention of the cells with LiODFB-based electrolyte was much higher than that of LiPF 6 -based electrolyte at 65 °C, while the capacity retention and the rate capacity of the cells is closed to that of LiPF 6 -based electrolyte at 25 °C. In summary, 1 M LiODFB EC/PC/DMC (1:1:3, v/v) is a promising electrolyte for LiFePO 4 /AG cells.
AEROSOL-GENERATING ARTICLE WITH TUBULAR ELEMENT AND VENTILATION

An aerosol-generating article comprising a plurality of elements assembled in the form of a rod (11). The elements comprise a first element (100, 11) comprising an aerosol-generating substrate, and a tubular element (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700, 800) positioned upstream or downstream of the first element (100, 11). The tubular element (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700, 800) comprises: a tubular body (103, 203) defining a cavity (106, 206, 606) extending from a first end (101) of the tubular body (103, 203) to a second end (102) of the tubular body (103, 203); and a folded end portion forming a first end wall (104, 105, 204A, 604, 804) at the first end (101) of the tubular body (103,203). The first end wall (104, 105, 204A, 604,804) delimiting an opening (105, 205A, 205B, 605B, 605) for airflow between the cavity (106, 206, 606) and the exterior of the tubular element (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700, 800).
Promoting research excellence in nature-based solutions for innovation, sustainable economic growth and human well-being in malta

The RENATURE proposal aims to establish and implement a strategy and research cluster to step-up and stimulate scientific excellence and innovation capacity in the area of nature-based solutions for sustainable development. Nature-based solutions, defined as living solutions that address societal challenges in a resource-efficient and adaptable manner and to provide simultaneously economic, social, and environmental benefits, are a priority for the key priority for the European Union research and innovation agenda.  
RENATURE will establish twinning between the Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology (MCAST), as a tertiary and research organisation from a Widening country, and internationally leading research institutions from other member states. The proposed activities include various types of training and networking events aimed at building up the research capacity and at promoting research excellence in the field of nature-based solutions. 
The research team is composed of three leading research intensive institutions within this rapidly developing field and one private entity; that is the Trinity College Dublin (Ireland); University of Trento (Italy); University of East Anglia (United Kingdom), and Pensoft Publishers (Bulgaria). The project team possesses multidisciplinary skills and complementary knowledge, which is considered as being critical to offer new nature-based solutions for sustainable development. This collaboration is expected to offer the widening institution MCAST an opportunity to increase the research capacity within this sector, link up with existing initiatives and projects led by, or receiving input from, the research-intensive institutions, develop a national research cluster with strong international collaborations, and provide practical solutions based on cutting-edge science and developed through international collaboration.
Prevalence, Determinants, and Clinical Significance of Cardiac Troponin-I Elevation in Individuals Admitted for a Hypertensive Emergency

Hypertensive emergencies (HEs) are frequently accompanied with the release of cardiac troponin I (cTnI); however, determinants and clinical significance of cTnI elevation are largely unknown. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients (n = 567) with a diagnosis of HE admitted to two tertiary care centers that primarily serve an inner-city population. Data on demographics, clinical variables, and cTnI were collected through chart review. Using regression analyses, predictors of cTnI elevation were studied and the impact of cTnI on all-cause mortality (data obtained through the Social Security Death Index) was determined. cTnI elevation was observed in 186 (32.3%) admissions with a mean peak cTnI level of 4.06 ± 14.6 ng/mL. Predictors of cTnI were age, history of hypercholesterolemia, blood urea nitrogen level, pulmonary edema, and requirement for mechanical ventilation. During a mean follow-up period of 3.1 years, there were 211 deaths (37%). Neither the presence nor the extent of cTnI elevation was associated with mortality, while age, history of coronary artery disease, and blood urea nitrogen level were predictive of mortality. cTnI elevation commonly occurs in the setting of HEs. Despite a high incidence of adverse clinical outcomes, cTnI elevation was not an independent predictor of mortality in this population.
Safety-Enhancing innovations for older road users

European countries face great challenges because the demographic structure in the EU is changing rapidly, due to reducing birth rates and increasing life expectancies. In 2012, 17% of Europeans were aged 65 and older and in 2020 this will rise to 28%. Meanwhile, the mobility needs of the elderly are also changing. Maintaining a driver's licence is an important issue of independence today, both for males and females. Also technological developments like the introduction of e-bikes enables access to other means of transport.
These demographic and behavioural changes are of growing concern to mobility and road safety. While accident data show a decreasing number of fatalities and serious injuries on EU roads, recent data from the ERSO show an increasing proportion of elderly in the fatality statistics.  This trend is a serious threat to the achievements of recent decades and poses a challenge that must be addressed to meet goals set for further reduction of road fatalities. Furthermore, there is an increasing rate of obesity in EU populations, which introduces changes in injury patterns and risks. The SENIORS project focuses on the protection of elderly and obese road users also by transferring nowadays younger generations’ safety standards. The objective is to develop the required understanding of accident scenarios, injury mechanisms and risks and to implement these findings in test tools and test and assessment procedures. An integrated approach considering the elderly in multiple transport modes is applied to reduce the portion of elderly fatalities. The small-scale project focuses on providing tools to encourage wider adoption of advanced restraint and pedestrian protection systems improving the protection of older and obese vulnerable road users. The activities consolidate results from previous EU projects such as THORAX and AsPeCSS and meet the needs defined by the GRSP IWG on Frontal Impact working on a near-term (2015) and mid-term (2020) update of UN-R94.
Mentoring and community for eco-sustainable development

The challenge: fighting unemployment through self-entrepreneurship. UNIGE believes that entrepreneurship requires a change of mentality in a company's corporate culture. Businesses should look to socially responsible and resilient models for a sustainable economy focused on work. Community cooperatives are the prototype on which to build a cross-border network of self-entrepreneurship support services and promote their diffusion in the economic and social fabric of the blue and green cross-border priority chains (sustainable tourism, agri-environment, agri-food supply chain, energy and services). The idea is to create a hub for cooperative companies and encourage new employment opportunities in the local maritime sectors. The project aims to strengthen the development of community cooperatives through a network of new employment services. Its main result will be an ICT platform of standard cross-border employment services offering coaching and mentoring for the creation of blue and green community cooperatives augmented by a basic prototype model to support start-ups. The beneficiaries will be trade associations, training institutions, technical and professional centres and employment services that can offer a new model to young people and the unemployed. The project's cross-border joint development approach will share the specific and differentiated skills of the partnership. The innovation is the particular type of community cooperative, which is considered the most innovative and appropriate model for the development of services and local economies.
Comparison of the Incident Solar Energy and Battery Storage in a 3U CubeSat Satellite for Different Orientation Scenarios

In CubeSats, because the size is limited, the estimation of the incident solar energy according to the orbital parameters and satellite attitude is more critical for the design process of the electrical power system. This estimation is helpful either for sizing of the power sources and energy storage or for defining the operation modes of the CubeSat with the energy available. This paper describes the kinematic and dynamic equations to derive the CubeSat attitude; similarly, the mathematical models of solar cells and batteries are also derived to calculate the energy harvested and stored. By determining the attitude of a 3U CubeSat over one orbit, we estimated the incident solar energy and thus the energy generated by the solar cells and energy stored in batteries when a direct energy-transfer architecture is used. In addition, these estimations where performed for three orientation scenarios: nadir-pointing, Sun-pointing and free-orientation. The estimated incident average solar energy for the three scenarios indicated that the Sun-pointing and free-orientation scenarios harvest more energy than the nadir-pointing one. This estimation is also helpful to predict the state of charge of the batteries in standby mode, allowing for determination of the time required for charging the batteries and, hence, the operating modes of the CubeSat. We expect to include the consumed energy while considering all of the operating modes of the satellite as well as different orbital parameters.
BOARD MACHINE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A MULTILAYER CARDBOARD WEB

A board machine for manufacturing a multilayer cardboard web (1) with a printable surface layer (2), comprising a press section (5) with at least one double-felted press (45) and a wet section (4) with a first forming unit (7) for forming a first layer (2) and one or more further forming units (8) for forming one or more further layers (3). In accordance with the invention, the first forming unit (7) forms the printable surface layer (2) and, with its forming wire, transfers the web (1), which is couched by several layers (2, 3), to the upper press felt (49) with the surface layer (2) facing downwards in the press nip to contact the lower press felt (52), which exerts a greater adhesion force on the web than the upper press felt and which encompasses the lower press roll (48) by a pre-determined minimum sector angle. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a multilayer cardboard web by means of such a board machine.
Using charcoals as a proxy to estimate energy released from small impact cratering processes

Over the last half a century there has been much debate over the quantities and mechanisms of thermal energy release during impacts of small asteroids such as Tunguska event (Russia) or Kaali craters. This has been caused in a large part by the fact that the existing observational and modelling approaches have focused on large impact craters that generate high temperature/pressure transitions which leave noticeable signatures in the rocks they affect. However, small impacts craters developed in unconsolidated materials have not been thought to leave long lasting traces of the thermal energy released during their formation. Recently however, Losiak et al. (2016) found charcoal buried within ejecta blanket of Kaali Main crater where sedimentological analyses and 14C dating suggest that the charcoal was formed at the same time as the craters within which they were found. Subsequently Losiak identified charcoal in Kaali 2/8, Ilumetsa Small, Ilumetsa Large and the Morasko Main craters, indicating that charcoal is not restricted to a single crater, single impact or single location. Project ImpCHAR will use a novel analysis method that measures the reflectance properties of charcoal, which has been recently shown to relate to the energy that created it. ImpCHAR will use this method to determine the heating regime from which the chars were created. In order to achieve this Project ImpCHAR will experimentally recreate the heating conditions in a laboratory setting in order to determine the most likely mechanism of charcoal formation. This will allow developing a method of unequivocally identifying small impact craters developed in vegetated unconsolidated sediments: up to this point most of those kinds of structures could be identified only based on circumstantial evidence of co-existing crater-like shape and occurrence of meteorites. Additionally, ImpCHAR will critically disentangle debate surrounding the energy release during formation of small impact craters.
Simulation of Thin Film Membranes Formed by Interfacial Polymerization

Interfacial polymerization is widely used today for the production of ultrathin films for encapsulation, chemical separations, and desalination. Polyamide films, in particular, are employed in manufacturing of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. While these materials show excellent salt rejection, they have rather low water permeability, both properties that apparently stem from the rigid cross-linked structure. An increasing amount of experimental research on membranes of different chemistries and membrane characterization suggests the importance of other factors (such as unreacted functional groups and surface roughness) in determining membrane performance. We developed a molecular simulation model to qualitatively study the effects of various synthesis conditions on membrane performance, in terms of its estimated porosity and permeability. The model is of an interfacial aggregation process of two types of functional monomers. Film growth with time and structural characteristics of the final film are compared with predictions of existing theories and experimental observations.