SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Characterization of p(AA-co-AM)/bent/urea and its swelling and slow release behavior in a simulative soil environment

In this work, a novel slow release fertilizer contained 14.98% nitrogen was prepared via free radical polymerization of acrylic acid, acrylamide, and bentonite in the presence of cross-linker (N,N′-methylenebis acrylamide), initiator (potassium persulfate), and nutrient source (urea). The samples were analyzed using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller analysis. Results showed that the swelling and release behaviors were strongly dependent on the type and concentration of salt solution added to the medium, pH levels of the solutions, and temperature. Moreover, the experimental data indicated that the addition of Bent not only improved water absorbency and water retention capacities but also controlled the release of nutrients. The release kinetic simulation analysis findings showed that the release of urea was predominated by a Case II release mechanism with skeleton erosion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43082.
Meiotic crossing-over: from spatial distribution to in situ chromosomal architecture

To haploidise their genome, sexually reproducing organisms employ a specialised cell division program – meiosis – which consists of one round of DNA replication followed by two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation: meiosis I and II. While meiosis II resembles mitosis, the ability of cells to segregate homologous chromosomes entails several specialised events. In most organisms, physical linkage and subsequent disjunction of maternal and paternal chromosomes require homologous recombination and crossing-over. As observed over a century ago, crossovers occur at different chromosomal positions in different meiotic nuclei – however, the incidence of a crossover in a given location reduces the probability of a neighbouring crossover event. As a result, crossovers tend to be widely and evenly spaced along chromosomes, a phenomenon termed crossover interference. Work in the last 30 years has led to remarkable progress in the delineation of the sequence of molecular events that lead to crossing-over. However, how cells spatially regulate the deployment and assembly of molecular determinants to accomplish crossover patterning remains largely unknown. Here, I propose to tackle this fundamental question through the development of two novel approaches tailored to explore central aspects of meiotic recombination with unprecedented resolution:  

i) to understand how chromosomal context shapes crossing-over, we will develop novel methodology (HJmap) to achieve genome-wide mapping of Holliday junctions: central recombination intermediates which mark future crossover sites.  

ii) to explore how local chromosomal features influence crossing-over, we will visualise the architecture of crossover-designated recombination intermediates in situ, and in 3D, using electron cryotomography.  

By understanding how cells implement genetic exchange through crossing-over we will shed light on the molecular basis of heredity: the passing of traits from parents to their offspring.
B-Vitamin deficiency in patients treated with antiepileptic drugs

Enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) produce many alterations in metabolism, including vitamin levels. Whether they produce clinically relevant deficiency of B vitamins has rarely been assessed. We obtained B-vitamin levels in patients who were being converted from an inducing AED (phenytoin or carbamazepine) to a non-inducing AED (levetiracetam, lamotrigine, or topiramate), with measurements both before and ≥ 6 weeks after the switch. A group of normal subjects underwent the same studies. Neither folate nor B12 deficiency was seen in any patient. Vitamin B6 deficiency was found in 16/33 patients (48%) taking inducers, compared to 1/11 controls (9%; p=0.031). After switch to non-inducers, only 7 patients (21%) were B6 deficient (p=0.027). The incidence of deficiency was similar regardless of which inducing or non-inducing AED was being taken. Our findings demonstrate that treatment with inducing AEDs commonly causes pyridoxine deficiency, often severe. This could conceivably contribute to the polyneuropathy sometimes attributed to older AEDs, as well as other chronic heath difficulties.
SYRINGE WITH DISABLING MECHANISM

Syringe assemblies having a passive disabling system to prevent reuse are provided. In one embodiment, the passive disabling system activates after completion of an injection cycle. An exemplary syringe assembly incorporates a stopper and plunger rod attached in a manner to prevent users from disassembling the syringe prior to completion of the injection cycle. The barrel may also include an annular extension or collar that extends from the proximal end of the barrel. In a specific configuration, the annular extension at least partially envelopes a portion of the thumb press to prevent the user from accessing the thumb press and moving the plunger rod in a proximal direction Syringe assemblies of one or more embodiments also include visual indicators or markers indicating whether a syringe assembly is used or the plunger rod is locked within the barrel.
UNITIZED PRECAST GRILLAGE FOUNDATION AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

The present invention discloses a unitized precast grillage foundation for supporting a tower comprising: a plurality of anchoring elements defining a grid for resting on an underlying surface; a base connected on the grid, the base comprising at least a first footing and a second footing spaced apart and at least one connecting member between and connected to the at least first footing and the second footing; and a beam-column projecting upwardly from the base, and a method of making same. In a preferred embodiment, the tower is an electrical transmission tower.
Electronic structure investigations of 4-aminophthal hydrazide by UV–visible, NMR spectral studies and HOMO–LUMO analysis by ab initio and DFT calculations

Combined experimental and theoretical studies were conducted on the molecular structure and vibrational spectra of 4-AminoPhthalhydrazide (APH). The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of APH were recorded in the solid phase. The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of APH in the ground state have been calculated by using the ab initio HF (Hartree-Fock) and density functional methods (B3LYP) invoking 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. The optimized geometric bond lengths and bond angles obtained by HF and B3LYP method show best agreement with the experimental values. Comparison of the observed fundamental vibrational frequencies of APH with calculated results by HF and density functional methods indicates that B3LYP is superior to the scaled Hartree-Fock approach for molecular vibrational problems. The difference between the observed and scaled wave number values of most of the fundamentals is very small. A detailed interpretation of the NMR spectra of APH was also reported. The theoretical spectrograms for infrared and Raman spectra of the title molecule have been constructed. UV-vis spectrum of the compound was recorded and the electronic properties, such as HOMO and LUMO energies, were performed by time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) approach. Finally the calculations results were applied to simulated infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which show good agreement with observed spectra. And the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic properties of constant pressure (Cp), entropy (S) and enthalpy change (ΔH0→T) for APH were also determined.
Adsorption and magnetism of bilayer graphene on the MnO polar surface with oxygen vacancies in the interface: First principles study

Abstract In this paper, we investigate systematically the structural, electronic, magnetic and adsorption properties of Bernal–stacked bilayer graphene on MnO(111) surface terminated by an oxygen atom, as a function of nonstoichiometric composition of the BLG/MnOx(111) interface. For additional functionalization of the BLG/MnOx(111) system, we also studied the adsorption properties of oxygen adsorbed on the BLG/MnOx(111) interface. Our results showed that the BLG is bound to the MnOx(111) substrate by the weak interaction for both spin-up and spin-down. Furthermore, we found that BLG adsorbed on the MnOx(111) substrate with a reduced oxygen symmetry in the interface is accompanied with a downshift of the Fermi level, which identifies the band structure of BLG as a p-type semiconductor. Upon interaction between BLG and MnOx(111) substrate, a forbidden gap of about 350 meV was opened between its bonding and antibonding π bands. A forbidden gap and the local magnetic moments in bilayer graphene can be controlled by changing the oxygen nonstoichometry or by oxygen adsorption. Additionally, magnetism has been predicted in the bilayer graphene adsorbed on the polar MnOx(111) surface with oxygen vacancies in the BLG/MnOx(111) interface, and its nature has also been discussed in this work. These results showed that the adsorption of bilayer graphene on the MnO(111) substrate can be used for developing novel generation of electronic and spintronic devices.
Global, regional and national burden of primary liver cancer by subtype

Introduction Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) are the two main histological subtypes of primary liver cancer. Estimates of the burden of liver cancer by subtype are needed to facilitate development and evaluation of liver cancer control globally. We provide worldwide, regional and national estimates of HCC and iCCA incidence using high-quality data. Methods We used population-based cancer registry data on liver cancer cases by histological subtype from 95 countries to compute the sex- and country-specific distributions of HCC, iCCA and other specified histology. Subtype distributions were applied to estimates of total liver cancer cases for 2018 from the Global Cancer Observatory. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASRs) were calculated. Results There were an estimated 826,000 cases of liver cancer globally in 2018: 661,000 HCC (ASR 7.3 cases per 100,000); 123,000 iCCA (ASR 1.4) and 42,000 other specified histology (ASR 0.5). HCC contributed 80% of the world total liver cancer burden followed by iCCA (14.9%) and other specified histology (5.1%). HCC rates were highest in Eastern Asia (ASR 14.8), Northern Africa (ASR 13.2) and South-Eastern Asia (ASR 9.5). Rates of iCCA were highest in South-Eastern Asia (ASR 2.9), Eastern Asia (ASR 2.0), Northern Europe, the Caribbean and Central America and Oceania (ASR all 1.8). Conclusion We have shown the importance of uncovering the distinct patterns of the major subtypes of liver cancer. The use of these estimates is critical to further develop public health policy to reduce the burden of liver cancer and monitor progress in controlling HCC and iCCA globally.
Demonstrating synergies in combined natural and engineered processes for water treatment systems

The AquaNES project will catalyse innovations in water and wastewater treatment processes and management through improved combinations of natural and engineered components. Among the demonstrated solutions are natural treatment processes such as bank filtration (BF), managed aquifer recharge (MAR) and constructed wetlands (CW) plus engineered pre- and post-treatment options. 
The project focuses on 13 demonstration sites in Europe, India and Israel covering a repre-sentative range of regional, climatic, and hydrogeological conditions in which different combined natural-engineered treatment systems (cNES) will be demonstrated through active collaboration of knowledge and technology providers, water utilities and end-users. Our specific objectives are 

• to demonstrate the benefits of post-treatment options such as membranes, activated carbon and ozonation after bank filtration for the production of safe drinking water 
• to validate the treatment and storage capacity of soil-aquifer systems in combination with  oxidative pre-treatments 
• to demonstrate the combination of constructed wetlands with different technical post- or pre-treatment options (ozone or bioreactor systems) as a wastewater treatment option
• to evidence reductions in operating costs and energy consumption
• to test a robust risk assessment framework for cNES
• to deliver design guidance for cNES informed by industrial or near-industrial scale expe-riences
• to identify and profile new market opportunities in Europe and overseas for cNES

The AquaNES project will demonstrate combined natural-engineered treatment systems as sus-tainable adaptations to issues such as water scarcity, excess water in cities and micro-pollutants in the water cycle. It will thus have impact across the EIP Water’s thematic priorities and cross-cutting issues, particularly on ‘Water reuse & recycling’, ‘Water and wastewater treatment’, ‘Water-energy nexus’, ‘Ecosystem services’, ‘Water governance’, and ‘DSS & monitoring’.
Modeling of the Acute Toxicity of Benzene Derivatives by Complementary QSAR Methods

A data set containing acute toxicity values (96-h LC50) of 69 substituted benzenes for fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) was investigated with two Quantitative StructureActivity Relationship (QSAR) models, either using or not using molecular descriptors, respectively. Recursive Neural Networks (RNN) derive a QSAR by direct treatment of the molecular structure, described through an appropriate graphical tool (variable-size labeled rooted ordered trees) by defining suitable representation rules. The input trees are encoded by an adaptive process able to learn, by tuning its free parameters, from a given set of structureactivity training examples. Owing to the use of a flexible encoding approach, the model is target invariant and does not need a priori definition of molecular descriptors. The results obtained in this study were analyzed together with those of a model based on molecular descriptors, i.e. a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model using CROatian MultiRegression selection of descriptors (CROMRsel). The comparison revealed interesting similarities that could lead to the development of a combined approach, exploiting the complementary characteristics of the two approaches.
Refined models of gravitational potential energy compared with stress and strain rate patterns in Iberia

Abstract This study examines the role of gravitational potential energy (GPE) in generating second-order (spatial scale ∼10 2  km) variations in the Iberia stress and strain-rate patterns. We present a new map of present-day strain rate field derived from the secular velocity field computed using all available continuously operating Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations in Iberia. The estimated strain rate field is generally consistent with the tectonic framework of the Iberian region, even though sporadic sharp local variations downgrade its correlation with the regional stress patterns. Many of the sharp spatial variations in the strain rate map are consistent with local changes of deformation style determined by prevailing faults. To obtain a more accurate estimate of GPE we use new data on the structure of the crust and apply a thin sheet approach using a 3-D definition of deviatoric stress. The GPE is derived from two isostatically compensated models (GPEd and GPEe compensated by density and elevation adjustment, respectively) and from the truncated geoid (GPEg). The GPE stresses are then summed with the first-order stress field due to the Eurasia–Nubia (EU–NU) convergence and the results compared with both the stress and strain rate data. In agreement with previous studies, we find that the GPE does not significantly change the NW–SE average direction of the most compressive stress (SHmax) imposed by the EU–NU collision, its main effect being to cause spatially changing stress regimes. From the analysis of the different GPE models we find: (1) in the Pyrenees, the tectonic forces have a secondary role when compared to the GPE. In this region, the model that best correlates with observations is the one emphasizing the role of surface elevation as a source of GPE (GPEe); (2) in the Iberian Chain and the Betics, the GPE imposes NE–SW extension consistent with a strike-slip regime and is equally (GPEe) or more (GPEg) important than the tectonic forces. In these regions, both deep heterogeneities associated with mantle convection and elevation are important sources of GPE; (3) in western Iberia, the GPE differences work against dominant tectonic forces by reducing the SHmax magnitude. The GPEg model is the one that best predicts the average strike-slip regime in Galicia; and finally (4) in the Gulf of Cadiz the gravitational potential stresses have a minor role and the style of deformation is clearly controlled by the tectonic forces.
From Biodiversity Data to Decisions: enhancing natural value through improved regional development policies

Fitting conservation priorities with the regional development policies while paying special attention to the ERDF funds available is a critical challenge to fulfil biodiversity conservation strategies at European and regional levels. However, development of conservation priorities requires the adequate availability of consistent, relevant and structured biodiversity information aimed at feeding and eventually guiding decision-making. BID-REX aims to enhance natural value through improved regional development policies by creating/reinforcing the link between relevant biodiversity data and conservation decision-making processes. More specifically, it aims to promote the establishment of priorities in budget allocation and monitoring the impact of the actions funded by ERDF in different regions, by feeding decision-making processes with appropriate biodiversity information. The main expected outcome will be better prioritization of biodiversity conservation efforts using evidence-based methods and available biodiversity and environmental information. Complementarily, the project will promote and improve regional sectorial forums involving key stakeholders (decision makers, NGO, practitioners, researchers, etc.) around the need to integrate relevant biodiversity data to properly inform the regional authorities. The learning process designed will set up a guide on how to obtain and use the biodiversity data for increasing the impact of the funds allocation to preserve the European natural heritage. The guide will be built around lessons learnt froma a series of thematic workshops, and from exchanges on partners' experiences of the implementation of their regional action plans.  As result of this interregional exchange, partners’ members and stakeholders involved will improve their skills related to biodiversity information management. In addition, the European citizens will benefit from the improved ERDF funds allocation for the preservation of their natural heritage.
Enhancing the innovation management capacities of smes in east poland 2019

The main objective of the project is to facilitate the access to European and international markets by providing growthoriented, integrated business and innovation support services that will help to strengthen the competitiveness and sustainability of the enterprises in the EU countries. The proposal also focuses on strengthening the collaboration between different key actors in the innovation chain. Main objective of the project will be implemented by specific objectives: 1. Economic potential increase among enterprises benefiting from SME Instrument in the framework of Horizon 2020 by ensuring that the SME Instrument beneficiaries will receive the most appropriate services to enhance the probability of successful exploitation of the innovation project supported by the Instrument and to leave a footprint for the future sustainable growth of the beneficiary by identifying bottlenecks and indicated solutions with the help of a capable coach. This objective will be implemented by the tailor made service of The Key Account Management (KAM) in the framework of WP1. 2. Increase of innovation potential of small and medium sized enterprises by providing hider quality innovation support services. This objective will be implemented by specially designed activity: Enhancing the innovation management capacity of SMEs (EIMC) in the framework of WP2 of this project and will be addressed to SMEs with a real potential for international growth via product, process, service or business model innovation but lack the knowledge, skills or ability to manage innovation activities. The main goal of the service is to make the innovation system, in the company, more efficient and effective. Specific objectives will be implemented by five Partners of Enterprise Europe Network East Poland Consortium. All Partners have relevant staff members with skills, knowledge and experience to provide specialised services. Project duration is foreseen for 12 months.
Thematic Routes and Networks

"TheRoute_Net - Thematic Routes and Networks" aims at enhancing cultural and thematic itineraries and historical routes in Puglia and Greece. In Puglia, the project will restore 8 public buildings in order to create the first network of hostels along the Francigena Street and the historical routes of Apulia, creating a reception system and related services for walkers and tourists.
This project is financed under Priority Axis 2 "Integrated Environmental Management" for a total amount of € 21,115,000.00. The Region of Epirus is the project Lead Beneficiary. The other partners are: The Department of Tourism, Cultural Economy and Territorial Development of Puglia Region, the Region of Western Greece, the Region of Ionian Islands and the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sport of Greece / Ephorate of Antiquities of Achaia.

Many municipalities are involved in the project:
The Municipality of Monte Sant'Angelo with the former Library Hostel.
The Province of Barletta-Andria-Trani with the Bonomo Foundation Hostel in Andria.
The Municipality of Ruvo di Puglia with the former Church of San Matteo and Benedictine Monastery Hostel.
The Municipality of Putignano with the "Urban Laboratory" Hostel.
The Municipality of Brindisi with the "Urban Laboratory" Hostel, the former Church of San Matteo and the Benedictine Monastery and the - former Youth Hostel.
The Municipality of Minervino di Lecce with the former Primary School Hostel - Borgo Specchia Gallone.
The Municipality of Otranto with the former Farista House Hostel and Punta Palascia Lighthouse.