SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Spin-Delocalization with a twist: chiral open-shell helices

Spin-delocalization in molecules containing unpaired electrons gives rise to an unusual intermolecular interaction, named as pancake bond. This bonding interaction couples unpaired electrons between multiple pairs of atoms from each face-to-face oriented spin units, such as phenalenyl radical, and abets formation of assemblies that display large antiferromagnetic interaction in the solid state. This phenomenon governs the potential use of such spin systems as molecular conductors, magneto-optical bistable materials, or molecular spin batteries. Formation of such assemblies during crystallization is spontaneous. It is therefore difficult to control and tune the antiferromagnetic interaction, which dictates the electronic properties of the solid material. Inspired by this challenge, the goal of this project is to develop systems, where the spin-interaction can be tuned within a single molecule to understand principles that govern an intermolecular assembly in the solid state and the bulk properties.

To achieve this goal, I propose to synthesize and study chiral open-shell helices, in which the intramolecular spin-interaction can be tuned by varying (1) the coupling mode, ferromagnetic versus antiferromagnetic, and (2) its strength. The helical character of these systems enables tuning of the coupling strength by control of the degree of overlap and distance between the spin units, which is difficult to achieve by a spontaneous assembly. Additionally, it provides access to both racemic and enantiopure solid-state architectures that can further impact the properties. Two model systems will be investigated: one in which spins communicate simultaneously through backbone and space, and one where spins communicate only through space. Understanding the principles of spin-interactions in these helical systems is of fundamental interest for designing molecules with tailor-made properties, as well as features that arise unexpectedly from the interplay of the spins in a spiral.
Innovative mechanically pumped loop for active antennae

The satellite telecommunications industry is currently undergoing significant evolutions. Future commination satellites need to accommodate a rapidly growing demand in data transfer, combined with more flexibility. For example, there is a strong need for Very High Throughput Satellites capable of delivering up to Tb/s over wide coverage areas. This is only possible when an active phased array antenna is used. However, cooling of active antennas requires the use of a highly efficient thermal control system because it has many heat sources (from hundreds to several thousands), very high local heat fluxes (up to 200W/cm² at amplifier interface), high overall dissipation (around 13 kW), and an isothermal requirements on the amplifier chain. These conditions are impossible to solve with current state-of-the-art thermal control solutions (e.g. heat pipes or loop heat pipes), but requires a two-phase mechanically pumped fluid loop (MPL). In a MPL, a pump circulates a fluid which evaporates when it absorbs the waste heat from the active antenna. 

Although a two-phase MPL is a very efficient thermal control system, it is relative complex and is therefore not yet often used in spacecraft. This proposal aims to change that. The objective of this proposal is to perform research on a two-phase MPL for an active antenna, and to build a demonstrator with a Technical Readiness Level (TRL) of 6. This two-phase MPL will be a key building block in the next generation telecommunications satellites

The consortium contains the complete spectrum of partners that are required to successfully research this disruptive novel technology. The consortium contains research institutes (CEA, NLR, CERN), SME’s (AVS, Diabatix) that can eventually commercially supply this technology, and an end-user of the technology (ADS). The consortium takes advantage of its experience in state-of-the-art cooling systems for terrestrial and space applications.
Axiom – a first of its kind human-machine interface chip designed for the automotive industry

The aim is to bring our disruptive aXiom Human-Machine Interface (HMI) chip family to full market maturation, to industrialise/
qualify and pilot aXiom in a real automotive OEM programme and prepare it for scale-up. We will disrupt the global touch-based
HMI market and qualify as full-range supplier to the global automotive industry - serving the full market range of automotive
touchscreens. Annually, 25,000 people die on EU roads and driver’s distraction is responsible for 10-20% of car accidents. Addressing driver’s distraction requires a new approach for the HMI. However, currently the automotive industry relies on HMI chips developed for the consumer market, far from industry requirements and needs. aXiom is tailored for automotive use and will eliminate the
dependence on retrofitted touchscreen products. The overall objective of the HMI4auto project is to implement the findings of our
Feasibility Study to enable rapid and successful commercialisation. Key objectives can be grouped in three categories and achieving
them will bring us to a wide global market uptake: 1) Technology maturation objectives will industrialise and qualify the aXiom chip family prior to piloting and validation in a real automotive OEM programme. The objective is to raise the TRL of our technology from its current TRL7 to 8 (WP1-3). 2) Pilot and validation objectives to demonstrate and validate the performance, functionality and user benefits through a real automotive OEM programme under the supervision of TouchNetix. This will elevate aXiom from TRL8 to 9 (WP3). 3) Market maturation, project and communication management objectives enabling us to successfully bring aXiom to the market
and reach sales traction beyond Phase 2 (WP4-5). We will significantly boost our growth - with accumulated sales revenues of
€93.5m for the 5-year post-project, with accumulated operating profit of €35.5m (5.47 ROI) and employment growth of 38 FTEs at
MyWo and 120 FTEs in our value chain.
Student Mentors in Physical and Virtual Learning Spaces

This chapter explores the human element in the learning space through the notion that once a learning space is inhabited, it becomes a learning place of agency, purpose and community involving both staff and students. The School of Languages and Learning at Victoria University in Melbourne has initiated a multifaceted peer learning support strategy, ‘Students Supporting Student Learning’ (SSSL), involving the deployment of student peer mentors into various physical and virtual learning spaces. The chapter discusses the dynamics of peer learning across these learning space settings and the challenges involved in instituting the shift from teacher- to learning-centred pedagogies within such spaces. Both physical and virtual dimensions are considered, with the SNAPVU Platform introduced as a strategy for facilitating virtual learning communities of practice in which staff, mentors, and students will be able to engage in mutual learning support. The chapter concludes with calls for the explicit inclusion of peer learning in the operational design of learning spaces.
Rotational mechanical effects of sound

The exploratory studies on sound-matter interaction are to date one of the most promising directions as fundamental
research which can be used practically in rheology, medical imaging and other contactless manipulations. So far only
acoustic radiation force is used in applications. The study of rotational mechanical effects of sound actually remains in its
infancy and expected application potential invites a better understanding of acoustic radiation torques and further
fundamental experimental investigations. With the aim at going beyond the state-of-the art, the research project proposes to
explore experimentally new facets of the rotational mechanical effects of sound based on the use of acoustic vortex beams,
which are characterized by a helical wavefront bearing on-axis phase singularity. Indeed, depending on the specific wavematter
interaction, acoustic vortex beams can induce various rotational mechanical effects, such as angular displacements,
spinning or orbiting motions. Our approach will first consist to study acoustic radiation torque effects that do not rely on
sound-absorption, which corresponds to a sound-matter interaction regime barely explored experimentally. Also, we will
unveil experimentally the existence of recently predicted a spin contribution to the total angular momentum of acoustic vortex
beams. For these purposes, we will firstly develop a toolbox allowing versatile acoustic vortex beam shaping in the ultrasonic
regime owing to 3D printing technologies. Then, by using obtained vortex beams and appropriately designed sound-matter
interaction schemes, we will detect and monitor quantitatively the sought-after rotational mechanical effects. By addressing
original and timely scientific challenges on experimental grounds, the project will bring new knowledge in the field of acoustic
angular momenta and set a new state-of-the-art for acoustic contactless manipulations.
On drop-tower test methodology for blast mitigation seat evaluation

Blast mitigation seats have been employed in armored vehicles to protect occupants from injuries caused by improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Currently, there exist no standard experimental evaluation methods that can be used to fully assess the protection capability of a particular seat design. For historical reasons, drop-towers have been used extensively for such purpose, as a repeatable laboratory method with some limitations. In this paper, the authors developed analytical models to study the difference between results obtained from a drop tower test and those from actual blast events. It was found that the selection of the test method had a significant effect on the results. In particular, it was found that the drop-tower methodology can often overestimate the performance of blast mitigation seats, which can result in the fielding of sub-optimal solutions for the protection of occupants.
Exploring Schumpeterian Dynamics: Innovation, Adaptation and Growth

In this paper we explore the interface between two quite different strands of economic thought, the Schumpeterian, evolutionary theory of innovation and economic adaptation, and the classical, Sraffian theory of prices and distribution. Can the two methods usefully speak to each another? If they can, we would have in prospect a more general evolutionary economics (GEE) in which the classical emphasis on production of commodities by means of commodities would allow a far more sophisticated analysis of the place of technical change in economic development. Our understanding of the connection between innovation, competition, development and growth would be enhanced and sharpened.
APOIO À LIQUIDEZ PARA MICROEMPRESAS AFETADAS PELA EMERGÊNCIA DA COVID-19

APOIO À LIQUIDEZ DAS MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS NOS SETORES RETALHISTA, DE FORNECIMENTO E DE SERVIÇOS PESSOAIS CUJA ATIVIDADE TENHA SIDO SUSPENSA NA SEQUÊNCIA DO DECRETO DO PRIMEIRO-MINISTRO DE 11 DE MARÇO DE 2020
Nonpulmonary Influences on Gas Exchange

There are several determinants governing arterial and mixed venous blood PO2 and PCO2. Ventilation-perfusion imbalance, increased intrapulmonary shunt, and diffusion limitation to oxygen encompass the pulmonary factors. Alternatively, inspired oxygen concentration, overall ventilation, cardiac output, and oxygen consumption (uptake) are contemplated as the four most influential nonpulmonary determinants. All three pulmonary factors plus oxygen uptake cannot be directly modulated, but all the other remaining nonpulmonary determinants are. Inspired oxygen concentration, the amount and pattern of total ventilation, and cardiac output may be, at least in part, relatively well clinically controlled. Arterial PO2 (PaO2) may fall if inspired PO2, overall ventilation, and/or cardiac output decrease, and/or oxygen consumption increases, even though the pulmonary factors remain unchanged. Conversely, if inspired oxygen fraction, ventilation, and/or cardiac output increase, and/or oxygen consumption decreases, PaO2 may improve regardless of the changes operated at the level of the pulmonary determinants. Several pathophysiologic features deserve to be underlined. First, the importance of understanding the role played by mixed venous PO2 as a vital nonpulmonary determinant governing PaO2. Second, the response to 100% oxygen breathing repeatedly exhibits a consistent amount of agreement in the main findings. Third, there is always an interactive interplay between pulmonary and nonpulmonary determinants of PaO2 and arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) in any respiratory disease state following the use of pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic approaches. All in all both PaO2 and PaCO2 become the end-point outcomes of the complex interaction of pulmonary and nonpulmonary factors modulating pulmonary gas exchange. This needs to be unraveled to improve the understanding and management of most acute and chronic respiratory disease states.
Foundation of nonrelativistic string theory and its applications to holography

One of the most profound problems in modern theoretical physics concerns the formulation of quantum gravity. A predominating paradigm for addressing questions in quantum gravity is string theory. One important lesson from string theory is that different string theories must be unified in a nonperturbative theory called M-theory, to probe which corners of string theory with significant simplifications are valuable to consider. Notable examples of such corners are AdS/CFT duality and Matrix theory, with numerous applications to the information paradox in black hole physics, heavy-ion collisions in nuclear physics, superconductors in condensed matter, etc. The project focuses on a self-contained corner in string theory that treats space and time differently and has a nonrelativistic (NR) spectrum. This corner is called NR string theory. I will study the foundation of NR string theory and its relation to nonperturbative methods in string/M-theory. I will also explore applications to NR field theories, with impacts on condensed matter theories of ferromagnetism and 2D systems of electrons. During my PhD at UC Berkeley (US) and postdoc at Perimeter Institute (Canada), I  collaborated with some of the world experts in the field and sophisticated my expertise for this project. The host institution, Nordita, hosted by Stockholm University and KTH, provides an excellent environment for cutting-edge research on fundamental physics. The expertise among faculty members and postdocs, and the stimulating and extensive international visitor program at Nordita make it an ideal place to conduct this project and to sharpen my interdisciplinary skills in condensed matter and pure mathematics. In addition to my North American background, I also have long-term collaborations with research groups from prestigious EU institutions. The host, EU and I will all benefit from the international collaborations brought by the integrated background and worldwide connections of both the host and me.
An open network for innovation through nanotechnologies

The industrial strategies of the third millennium are increasingly focused on advanced specialisations and refined enabling technologies, including nanotechnology. In the Interreg SLO-ITA programme area, there is a well-established manufacturing tradition that urgently needs to make a qualitative leap forward in order to meet the challenges posed by global society in the new millennium. On the other hand, the same area also includes the most advanced skills in emerging technologies and in particular in the field of nanotechnologies, thanks to a series of excellent research centres. The aim of the project is to connect existing nanotechnology skills to the needs of the industrial world. The project will address the following aspects: 

- Widespread territorial awareness activities aimed mainly at bridging the gap between science and industry in the field of nanotechnology.

- Cross-border standardisation of nanotechnology transfer practices.

- Setting up an operational network of laboratories, which will operate as a single entity to provide full support on nanotechnology issues for regional companies, including through a programme of proof of concept experiments.
High-Energy physics at the frontier with mathematics

The discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC has confirmed the Standard Model of Particle Physics up to the highest energies ever tested in a laboratory. The Standard Model is based on a rich mathematical framework, Quantum Field Theory. Among the most powerful instruments to extract precise theoretical predictions for physical observables in Quantum Field Theory are the so-called scattering amplitudes: remarkably involved mathematical objects which encapsulate the probabilities of particle collisions. The calculation of scattering amplitudes remains an outstanding mathematical problem, which has become the object of intense study both from physicists and mathematicians. In the last decade many unexpected connections have been discovered between distant fields such as number theory, algebraic geometry, string theory and particle physics. These apparently formal developments have proven to be decisive to investigate fundamental physics at unprecedented energies and precisions.   HighPHun positions itself in this exciting context and has two major and intertwined goals:   1- To extend our understanding of the mathematical properties of scattering amplitudes and, in this way, help to unravel long-standing puzzles in perturbative Quantum Field Theory.   2- To perform currently out-of-reach calculations in the Standard Model and help to uncover precious details about the most fundamental laws of physics.  At the heart of HighPHun is the ambitious goal of combining cutting-edge ideas in physics and mathematics to solve outstanding problems in high-energy physics. The synergies generated by this project will, on the one hand, extend the reach of the LHC and of future colliders searches for elusive signs of New Physics and, on the other, help us develop a deeper mathematical understanding of Quantum Field Theory.
Proposal for funding research development and manufacturing of vaccine against covid-19

Funding of research and innovation programmes for the development of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccine against COVID-19 disease

The overall objective is to leverage co-funding from the European Commission to support CEPI’s COVID-19 vaccine programme development efforts. The COVID-19 outbreak has in a short timeframe grown to a global pandemic of historic proportions, with detrimental humanitarian and economic consequences. All evidence now suggests that eradication of COVID-19 is not feasible and that we face a global public health crisis which is unprecedented in modern times. At present there are no treatments, and there is no vaccine. Investing in vaccine development now is an investment in the future health for all in our societies and a return to social and economic development – both in Europe and in the rest of the globe. 

CEPI is now seeking scientifically excellent research and development vaccine development programmes of a nature that will allow the broadest global access of the vaccines that are ultimately developed both within the current pandemic crisis and beyond. This will help curb the current ongoing outbreak, that is resulting in human suffering and a grave global economic crisis. CEPI was set up to respond to the crisis, where our vision is a world in which epidemics are no longer a threat to humanity. Our strategic objectives are further aligned with the sustainable development goals 3, 8 and 17. Of particular importance to CEPI’s work is to ensure that low- and low-middle income countries (LICs and LMICs, respectively) will have access to the vaccines to protect their most vulnerable population, as soon as a vaccine is made available and irrespective of their ability to pay. As the current pandemic has shown, viruses respect no boarders. To successfully curb the COVID-19 pandemic, we must ensure that all countries have the necessary tools to control the outbreak domestically.  No-one is safe until everyone is safe.
Efficient solid rocket propulsion for access to space

Abstract Space launch activity is expected to grow in the next few years in order to follow the current trend of space exploitation for business purpose. Granting high specific thrust and volumetric specific impulse, and counting on decades of intense development, solid rocket propulsion is a good candidate for commercial access to space, even with common propellant formulations. Yet, some drawbacks such as low theoretical specific impulse, losses as well as safety issues, suggest more efficient propulsion systems, digging into the enhancement of consolidated techniques. Focusing the attention on delivered specific impulse, a consistent fraction of losses can be ascribed to the multiphase medium inside the nozzle which, in turn, is related to agglomeration; a reduction of agglomerate size is likely. The present paper proposes a model based on heterogeneity characterization capable of describing the agglomeration trend for a standard aluminized solid propellant formulation. Material microstructure is characterized through the use of two statistical descriptors (pair correlation function and near-contact particles) looking at the mean metal pocket size inside the bulk. Given the real formulation and density of a propellant, a packing code generates the material representative which is then statistically analyzed. Agglomerate predictions are successfully contrasted to experimental data at 5 bar for four different formulations.
Early conditions, delayed adult effects and morbidity, disability and mortality in modern human populations

This project aims to reformulate and generalize standard theories of human health and mortality. It proposes new formal models and a systematic agenda to empirically test hypotheses that link developmental biology, epigenetics and adult human illness, disability and mortality. We seek to break new ground developing innovative formal models for illnesses and mortality, testing new hypotheses about the evolution of human health and, to the extent permitted by findings, reformulating standard theories to make them applicable to a  less restrictive segment of populations than they are now. Over the past two decades there has been massive growth of research on the nature of delayed adult effects of conditions experienced in early life. This field of research is known as the Developmental Origins of Adult Health and Disease (DOHaD). Increasing evidence suggests that the mechanisms that are implicated are epigenetic and constitute an evolved adaptation selected over thousands of years to improve fitness in changing landscapes. The emergence of DOHaD is as close as we will ever come to a paradigmatic shift in the study of human health, disability and mortality. The most tantalizing possibility is that advances in our understanding of epigenetic mechanisms will shed light on pathways linking early exposures and delayed adult health thus fundamentally transforming our understanding of human illnesses and, in one fell swoop, bridge population health, epigenetics, and developmental and evolutionary biology. The overarching goal of this project is to contribute to this nascent area of study by (a) proposing new formal demographic models of health, disability and mortality; (b) empirically testing DOHaD predictions with population data; (c) testing a microsimulation model to verify DOHaD predictions about two conditions, obesity and Type 2 Diabetes, and (d) assessing the adult health, disability and mortality toll implicated by relations between early conditions, obesity and T2D.