SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Association of dual-task walking performance and leg muscle quality in healthy children

Previous literature mainly introduced cognitive functions to explain performance decrements in dual-task walking, i.e., changes in dual-task locomotion are attributed to limited cognitive information processing capacities. In this study, we enlarge existing literature and investigate whether leg muscular capacity plays an additional role in children's dual-task walking performance.To this end, we had prepubescent children (mean age: 8.7 ± 0.5 years, age range: 7-9 years) walk in single task (ST) and while concurrently conducting an arithmetic subtraction task (DT). Additionally, leg lean tissue mass was assessed.Findings show that both, boys and girls, significantly decrease their gait velocity (f = 0.73), stride length (f = 0.62) and cadence (f = 0.68) and increase the variability thereof (f = 0.20-0.63) during DT compared to ST. Furthermore, stepwise regressions indicate that leg lean tissue mass is closely associated with step time and the variability thereof during DT (R(2) = 0.44, p = 0.009). These associations between gait measures and leg lean tissue mass could not be observed for ST (R(2) = 0.17, p = 0.19).We were able to show a potential link between leg muscular capacities and DT walking performance in children. We interpret these findings as evidence that higher leg muscle mass in children may mitigate the impact of a cognitive interference task on DT walking performance by inducing enhanced gait stability.
30 Years After: Issues and Representations of the Falklands War

Contents: Foreword, Mark Donnelly Introduction, Carine Berberi and Monia O'Brien Castro. Part I Representations: The Falklands conflict: media coverage, propaganda, jingoism or journalism?, Matthew Leggett Images of the Falklands War: between fact, fiction and affliction, Georges Fournier The Falklands War: readings over time, Maria Angelica Semilla Duran. Part II The Conflict and its Long-Term Effects: Still two bald men fighting for a comb?, Michael Parsons The Falkland Islands and the special relationship, Richard Davis France in the Falklands War: reactions and decisions from Mitterand's diplomacy in the war between Argentina and Great Britain from April to June, 1982, Georges Saunier. Part III Defence Issues: Defence policy and the Falklands War, Marc Fourches The Falkland Islands: military lessons learned, Charles Maisonneuve. Part IV Global Issues: All points of the compass: the global dimension of the Falklands/Malvinas conflict, Trevor Harris The Falklands conflict: the uncertainties of international law examined 30 years on, Alexis Chommeloux. Conclusion, Carine Berberi and Monia O'Brien Castro Index.
Teenage Pregnancy and Prevalence of Abortion among In-school Adolescents in North Central, Nigeria

This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in public secondary schools in Ilorin to determine pregnancy outcomes among adolescents. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 521 respondents for the study. The research instrument was a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire.All respondents were between 10-19 years (Mean=15.84+2.269) with 53% being males. About one third (28.2%) of all the respondents were sexually active; 63.9% were males and 36.1% were females. Female respondents who had ever been pregnant constitute 5.7% of all sexually active female respondents while 17% of all sexually active males had ever impregnated a girl. Abortion prevalence was 100% for females while 87.5% of males that have ever gotten a girl pregnant told the girls to abort the pregnancies. All the abortions were induced and done by unqualified personnel.Youth programmes should be designed to provide adolescents with adequate knowledge on reproductive and sexual issues including pregnancy prevention.
Ports as driving Wheels of Entrepreneurial Realm - PLUS

The PoWER PLUS project aims at performing a foresight process in order to detect the main issues which may be affecting Adriatic-Ionian ports in the short- to mid-term in the light of the Covid19 outbreak and related economic crisis. The results of these processes will be used to update and, therefore, enhance the main results produced by the former PoWER project, i.e. The PoWER Methodology for building innovation supply Chain, The PoWER Strategy for evolving ports into Innovation Hubs, and the ICT Platform powerports.eu. PPs of the former PoWER Project will work as couples (PP1 CNR - PP2 CNA, PP3 RDA Porin - PP6 CDI, PP4 CETEOR - PP5 FEP, PP7 CERTH - PP8 CCI) which have been formed according to their potential common strategic trends (also based on their geographic proximity and the port typologies they are dealing with).
The first implementation phase will be dedicated to the collection of experts’ views on possible future scenarios related to the port areas involved in the project also in consideration of the wider situation and trends in the Adriatic-Ionian area. Partners will process these contributions and develop so-called “Scenarios” i.e. full-fledged descriptions of how the future (of ports) could manifest itself. In a second phase, experts will be called upon to support PPs in the detection of strengths and weaknesses of the PoWER Methodology and Strategy based on the Scenarios developed and, above all, possible ways to overcome the main bottlenecks that emerged. The results of this work will feed the Addenda to the Methodology and Strategy, and, most importantly, will be publicly shared in the four “Foresight for Territorial Cooperation” events, planned in M5, that will be attended by PPs representatives, port experts who have actively participated in the implementation activities and MA/JS/NCP representatives and will be live-streamed online in order to reach the wider public and overcome Covid19-related restriction on physical meetings. These events – which will be organised by each PPs couple and will be held in Ravenna, Tirana, Sarajevo and Igoumenitsa – will not only contribute to the promotion of the project outcomes and results at the national and regional level and of their relevance and transferability to potential beneficiaries but also contribute to increasing the awareness on the role of EU Territorial Cooperation among potential beneficiaries and stakeholders possibly increasing cohesion. Moreover, the Consortium will capitalise on project results to improve the ICT platform powerports.eu, which will be enhanced with new GIS map layers dedicated to the developed Scenarios and to EU and National (where available) Recovery and Resilience Plans will be implemented, as well as with a screen-reader feature.
Using Heat as a Predictor of CO 2 Breakthrough in Highly Heterogeneous Reservoirs

Author(s): Jayne, RS; Zhang, Y; Pollyea, RM | Abstract: Injecting supercritical CO2 into the subsurface changes the temperature, pressure, and geochemistry of the storage reservoir. Understanding these perturbations within the reservoir may be used to monitor the CO2 plume during a carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) project. Here we analyze results from 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D numerical modeling studies to investigate how the thermal signature of the CO2-water system evolves during CCS. These models show that the thermodynamic processes of the CO2-water system results in a characteristic thermal profile within a homogeneous storage reservoir during a CO2 injection. This thermal signature is characterized by warming front of up to 4n°C, which is caused by CO2 dissolution and migrates contemporaneously with free-phase CO2 migration. When reservoir properties are highly heterogeneous, this thermal front travels well ahead of free-phase CO2, thus implying that thermal monitoring may be an effective predictor of CO2 breakthrough.
Institutional family demography

IFAMID presents a new framework for the analysis of family demography. Drawing on recent theoretical developments, and exploiting cognitive and methodological insights from a wide range of disciplines, most importantly from sociology and political science, it is argued that trends in family formation (and its dynamics) not only derive from broad global forces, but also from institutional ""quality"" and cultural traits, and, critically important, from the interaction between the two. Whereas the framework is general, the empirical side of the project focuses on explaining 1) fertility trends and differentials in OECD countries, 2) the transition to adulthood, and 3) the global perspective of fertility change. An important aspect of this approach is that policies contained within existing welfare constellations, often taken as explanatory factors for family outcomes, are necessarily endogenous, and its evolution depends on the underlying quality of relevant institutions and cultural traits, which may react very differently with respect to the onset of global trends, and therefore give different patterns of family formation. With this project, a series of hypotheses will be developed and empirically tested. The World Values Surveys will serve as an important data source, but the unit of analysis will be in large part at the regional level since it is impossible to account fully for the complex interaction of culture and institutions from a cross-country perspective only. This implies collecting a chronology of regional variables on cultural traits, institutions and demographic outcomes. Working closely with Gosta Esping-Andesen and with a team of historical demographers led by Guido Alfani (Bocconi), and drawing heavily on the statistical modeling skills of the PI, the aim is to devise a set of state-of-the-art techniques including instrumental variables, spatial econometrics and epidemiological approaches that deal with the endogeneity of culture and institutions.
Models of Integrated TOurism in the MEDiterranean

MITOMED promotes the integrated management of maritime and coastal tourism by improving the knowledge of data, products, services but also policies and thus pertaining to the sector through an assessed set of indicators based on the NECSTouR model. MITOMED provides a common working framework for tourism actors and stakeholders, thereby helping policy makers to make more informed and integrated decisions for the governance and management of tourism in the Mediterranean. By supporting sustainable and competitive tourism the project contributes to the objectives of the Integrated Maritime policy and of the Agenda for a sustainable and competitive European tourism of the European Union.
Changes in key enzyme activities and metabolites during in vitro maturation of Apostichopus japonicus oocyte under desiccation stress

Understanding the physiological changes of oocyte in vitro maturation are important for improving in in vitro fertilization rates and embryonic development. In this study, Apostichopus japonicus gonads were dissected, and the oocytes and gonadal fluid extracted from the gonads were dried in darkness to induce oocyte maturation. The changes in the germinal vesicle breakdown percentage (GVBDP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the concentrations of glutathione (GSH), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), adenylyl cyclase (AC), protein kinase C (PKC), oestradiol (E2), and metabolites in gonadal fluid-oocyte complexes (GFOC) were detected during desiccation. The GVBDP peaked at 85% after 2 hr of desiccation. The SOD activity and GSH concentration in GFOC increased significantly during desiccation, reaching their maximum values at 0.5 and 2 hr of desiccation respectively (p < 0.05). The concentrations of cAMP, AC, PKC, and E2 decreased significantly during the desiccation treatment (p < 0.05) and reached relatively stable levels after 1 hr of desiccation. After 2 hr of desiccation, among the 68 metabolites detected in the GFOC, the concentrations of 52 metabolites increased and those of 16 metabolites decreased. This study not only provides an effective and simple technique for in vitro induction of A. japonicus oocyte maturation under desiccation stress, but also improves our understanding of gamete biology in this species.
Aortic Length Changes During Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation, Expansion and Stabilisation in a Rat Model

Determinants of extracellular matrix (ECM) destruction/reconstruction balance influencing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter may impact length.Document aortic lengthening, its correlation to diameter, and determine how treatments that impact diameter also affect length.Three hundred and fifty-five diameter and length measurements were performed in 308 rats during AAA formation, expansion and stabilisation in guinea pig aortas xenografted in rats. Impact of modulation of ECM destructive/reconstructive balance by endovascular Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMCs) seeding, TIMP-1, PAI-1 and TGF-beta1 overexpression on length has been assessed.Length increased in correlation with diameter during formation (correlation coefficient (cc): 0.584, P<0.0001) and expansion (cc: 0.352, P=0.0055) of AAAs. Overexpression of TIMP-1 and PAI-1 decreased lengthening (P=0.02 and 0.014, respectively) demonstrating that elongation is driven by matrix metalloproteinases and their activation by the plasmin pathway. Overexpression of TGF-beta1 controlled length in formed AAAs (17.3 ± 9.6 vs. 5.9 ± 7.4mm, P=0.022), but not VSMC seeding, although both therapies efficiently prevented further diameter increase. Length and diameter correlation was lost after biotherapies.Length increases in correlation with diameter during AAA formation and expansion, as a consequence of ECM injury driven by MMPs activated by the plasmin pathway. Correlation between length and diameter increases is not universally preserved.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ULTRASONIC SENSING

A distance and temperature sensing unit is used on paving vehicles. The unit has a first set of range sensors of a first diameter and a second set of range sensors of a second diameter. The unit calculates a weighted average distance to a road surface based on ranges measured by the multiple sensors. The unit also has a temperature sensor on a temperature bar. The bar is affixed to the unit by a flexible connection preventing break-off when the bar encounters obstacles, like the road surface, while the paving vehicle is moving.
Assembling Fairtrade: Practices of progress and conventionalization in the Chilean wine industry

The global Fairtrade system is multiple, heterogeneous and dynamic. The processes that underlie its contextual formations are key, and this paper analyses these through bringing together assemblage thinking and social practices to discuss Fairtrade in the Chilean wine industry. Local-level contestations and appropriation highlight the different forms Fairtrade takes at the micro-scale, which maintain a contextual heterogeneity without challenging the overall coherence of the Fairtrade economy. Power relations are uneven and the important role of local and international ‘assemblage converters’ in catalysing and curtailing possibilities for Fairtrade practices is highlighted. These operate within and across scales, interacting, and varyingly integrated, with other similarly multi-scalar assemblages to support or disrupt particular stabilized compositions. Fairtrade emerges as simultaneously globally coherent and locally fragmented, a system in constant motion between alternative and conventional relations and practices. To challenge creeping conventionalization, the paper concludes that maintaining space for unpredictability and creativity is critical to Fairtrade’s future through making space for enhancing opportunities and for alternatives to take flight.
FEM simulation of void coalescence in FCC crystals

Abstract To investigate the coalescence behaviors of voids in FCC crystals, three bicrystal models were used to study the coalescence of voids in single crystals, voids at grain boundary and voids in two grains by using three-dimensional crystal plasticity finite element method, which was implemented with rate dependent crystal plasticity theory as user material subroutine. By comparison the width of inter-void ligament in bicrystals, significant effects of orientation factor and high-angle grain boundary on void coalescence were revealed: (1) Voids in soft orientation grains tend to coalesce much easier than that in hard orientation under the strain controlled boundary condition. (2) For void coalescence at grain boundary, with the orientation factor’s difference between the two grains increasing, larger deformation mismatch is induced between grains, and the void prefers to grow along grain boundary. (3) Large orientation factor’s difference accelerate void coalescence at grain boundary, but decelerate void coalescence between grains.
FOOTWEAR SECTOR IN INDIA: A ROLE OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES

Footwear sector is a very significant segment of Leather and NonLeather products in India. The size of Indian Domestic Footwear Industry is estimated to be worth 1919 million pairs where leather and non-leather Footwear per capita consumption is estimated to be approx. 1.61 pairs.&#x0D; The major component of footwear sector is a design, product development, clicking, closing, component, lasting &amp; finishing. Advanced technologies in the area of shoe design systems, automation, cost savings and productivity improvements as well as enabling new developments in footwear sector in India.&#x0D; Although today footwear is produced using many similar methods to those employed all those years ago, obvious technological innovations in machinery, raw materials, production and testing techniques have changed what was to all intents and purposes a cottage industry into a multi-billion dollar sector. At the same time, recent years have seen a distinct shift in factory location away from the traditional industrial heartlands of Europe and North America to the new lands of opportunity, primarily in Asia.&#x0D; The purpose of this paper is to review the areas where advanced technologies can significantly affect the way of footwear sector is practiced. Strategies for implementation of the necessary changes in practice are also discussed.
'Deadman' and 'Passcode' microbial kill switches for bacterial containment

Biocontainment systems that couple environmental sensing with circuit-based control of cell viability could be used to prevent escape of genetically modified microbes into the environment. Here we present two engineered safeguard systems known as the 'Deadman' and 'Passcode' kill switches. The Deadman kill switch uses unbalanced reciprocal transcriptional repression to couple a specific input signal with cell survival. The Passcode kill switch uses a similar two-layered transcription design and incorporates hybrid LacI-GalR family transcription factors to provide diverse and complex environmental inputs to control circuit function. These synthetic gene circuits efficiently kill Escherichia coli and can be readily reprogrammed to change their environmental inputs, regulatory architecture and killing mechanism.
Enabling technologies for enterprise reliability

The Dow Chemical Company is a reliable corporation and sets and performs against very high standards in the industry. However to meet the challenges of increasing global competition, dynamic markets for products and feedstocks and rising customer expectations, Dow has been on a multi-year journey to achieving the higher levels of enterprise-wide reliability. This is a critical component to Dow's growth strategy. Enterprise Reliability is the activity of designing and achieving reliability in all activities across the entire corporation, regardless of location, function, or business, toward the aspiration of flawlessly meeting all stakeholder commitments each and every time. Decision support tools are an important technology for Enterprise Reliability and we have adapted three traditional reliability modeling and analysis tools to meet this need. This paper presents three aspects this technology: 1) Value Stream Simulation, 2) Value Stream Optimization and 3) Data Analytics in the context of the Dow's Enterprise Reliability. These technologies were discussed in terms of the issues associated with the development, validation and deployment of the technologies to be actively used to make operating and investment decisions. Our conclusion after two years of implementation is that clarity on the data required from the models for decision making, clarity of the owner of decisions, and clarity of the structure and assumption of the models and methodologies are the keys to integrating efforts across divisions and lead to improved decision making across the envelop and lead to opportunities with a significant ROI.
Gender Disparities in Africa's Labor Market

The main aim of this book is to help fill the gap in current knowledge about the nature, the extent, and some of the root causes of gender disparities in Africa, showing what can be revealed about the application of standard and less standard tools and methods to existing survey and national account data. The analysis herein is novel in providing in-depth assessments of some of the sources of gender disparities in different labor market outcomes. A part of the book provides results on the basis that data are as comparable as possible for 18 countries. These results were extracted from multi-topic, integrated household surveys conducted in Africa around 2000 and thus may not represent the latest trends, but they have the merit to be comparable. The cross-national perspective provides a benchmark against which other results for individual countries and more recent data presented here may be compared. Additional goals are to demonstrate the possibilities, as well as the challenges, of analysis of gender inequality in labor market outcomes with existing survey data, to support the improvement of data collection, and to stimulate further research on gender disparities in Africa. The book touches on policy issues at various points, although it is not principally a book about using policy to reduce gender inequality. Rather, it aims to provide analysis that is relevant to policy design.
Computer-Assisted language comparison: reconciling computational and classical approaches in historical linguistics

By comparing the languages of the world, we gain invaluable insights into human prehistory, predating the appearance of written records by thousands of years. The traditional methods for language comparison are based on manual data inspection. With more and more data available, they reach their practical limits. Computer applications, however, are not capable of replacing experts' experience and intuition. In a situation where computers cannot replace experts and experts do not have enough time to analyse the massive amounts of data, a new framework, neither completely computer-driven, nor ignorant of the help computers provide, becomes urgent. Such frameworks are well-established in biology and translation, where computational tools cannot provide the accuracy needed to arrive at convincing results, but do assist humans to digest large data sets. 

This project establishes a computer-assisted framework for historical linguistics. We pursue an interdisciplinary approach that adapts methods from computer science and bioinformatics for the use in historical linguistics. While purely computational approaches are common today, the project focuses on the communication between classical and computational linguists, developing interfaces that allow historical linguists to produce their data in machine readable formats while at the same time presenting the results of computational analyses in a transparent and human-readable way. 

As a litmus test which proves the suitability of the new framework, the project will create an etymological database of Sino-Tibetan languages. The abundance of language contact and the peculiarity of complex processes of language change in which sporadic patterns of morphological change mask regular patterns of sound change make the Sino-Tibetan language family an ideal test case for a new overarching framework that combines the best of two worlds: the experience of experts
and the consistency of computational models.