SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
In vitro study of ablation of rat bladder epithelial tissues by femtosecond laser

Objective To observe the efficiency and range of collateral tissue damage in ablation of rat bladder epithelial tissues by femtosecond laser. Methods Bladder epithelial tissues of SD rats were ablated by femtosecond laser with different working powers(1,2,5,10 and 20 times of threshold power and equivalent frequencies).Sections with HE staining were prepared for the ablated tissues.The depth and range of collateral tissue damage of bladder epithelial tissues ablated by femtosecond laser were observed by light microscopy,and the ablation efficiency was calculated. ResultsWhen the working powers of femtosecond laser were 5 to 20 times of threshold power and the equivalent frequencies were 62.5 Hz to 1 000 Hz,the ablation efficiency varied from 10 to 120 μm/s and the collateral tissue damage ranged from 10 to 100 μm. Conclusion Femtosecond laser can precisely ablate the rat bladder epithelial tissues with minimal range of collateral tissue damage,and may be a potential alternative for treatment of urinary stricture.
Living well: provisioning systems for sustainable resource use and human well-being

Humanity faces the challenge of how to achieve a high level of well-being for all people without destabilizing the planetary processes that facilitated the rise of civilization. This project revolves around the intermediating role of physical and social provisioning systems that link resource use and social outcomes. Provisioning systems mediate the relationship between biophysical inputs and social outcomes via the material practices and cultural meanings associated with the consumption of specific commodities (i.e. energy, housing, transport, etc.). A better understanding of provisioning systems can provide insight on how to achieve high levels of well-being at low levels of resource consumption that are within planetary boundaries.

The LIVEWELL project will develop a coherent operational framework with robust concepts, methods and metrics to bridge the social sciences (living well within society) and natural sciences (physical resources and technologies, environmental limits). This framework will be applied to explore two important questions: (1) What influence do different social and technical provisioning systems have on the level of resource use required to achieve a high level of well-being? (2) If remaining within planetary boundaries requires rapid decreases in material and energy use, how could scarce resources best be employed to enhance and preserve well-being? These questions will be investigated using three methods: (i) quantitative assessments, (ii) case studies of key countries and (iii) development of alternative provisioning system scenarios. This study is timely and aims to widen the evidence base for policy, integrate environmental concerns into other policy areas, and address international environmental and climate challenges more effectively.
SANITARY INSTALLATION ELEMENT

The invention relates to a sanitary installation element (101) which is arranged in a water line. The installation element (101) according to the invention comprises a mixing device (4) with at least one throttling or closing element (5), which throttling or closing element (5) can be moved under the pressure of the inflowing water from a mixing or open position into a throttling or closed position against a restoring force, wherein the mixing device (4) offers a relatively large clear flow cross section when the at least one throttling or closing element (5) is in the mixing or open position, and, by contrast thereto, a reduced clear flow cross section when the at least one throttling or closing element (5) is in the throttling or closed position. The installation element according to the invention is distinguished in that it always offers an optimum flow cross section both in low and high pressure ranges (cf. figure 1).
Influences of 3D Aircraft Model to ILS Localizer

This paper is concerned with a numerical simulation of ILS subsystem Localizer (LOC) which provides the guidance in the horizontal position of an aircraft for the runway center line. The LOC emits two types of signals, that is, carrier wave and sideband waves modulated by a 90 Hz and a 150 Hz tone. The performance of the LOC is given by the difference in the depth of the modulation (DDM). However, their signals are influenced by obstacles, such as large hanger, terminal buildings and aircraft. They result in the DDM errors. In this paper, the authors analyze the multipath interferences caused by aircraft to LOC whose type is one frequency LOC (1fLOC). A simplified ray tracing method is introduced, and 3D aircraft model is used for numerical simulation. It is discussed how scattered waves from aircraft influence to the LOC specifications.
Collaboration and Female Representation in Academic Fields

Women are well represented in some academic fields but notably underrepresented in others, including many STEM fields. Motivated by studies that show collaboration is more attractive to women than men, we investigate whether female participation across academic fields is related to how collaborative those fields are. Using panel data for 30 academic fields from 1975 to 2014, we find that one additional author on the average paper published in a field is associated with an increase of 2.5 percentage points in the female share of PhD recipients. This estimate implies that about 30 percent of the observed rise in female share during our sample period can be attributed to increased collaboration.
On the different lipolytic capability of diverse organs from young adult guinea pigs. A chromatographic study

In this study we conducted in-vitro incubation of whole-tissue homogenate of young adult guinea pig heart, kidney, testis, and spleen at pH 7.4 and 38°C for 60 min. Subsequent TLC analysis revealed: (a) a noticeably high level of MLCL and a very low level of CL in control testis, indicating possible in-vivo deacylation of CL (b) a high level of CL in control guinea pig heart and kidney samples, and no MLCL detected (c) MLCL was only produced (in both heart and kidney) subsequent to in-vitro incubation (d) a very low level of CL was present in control samples of guinea pig spleen and no MLCL was produced subsequent to in-vitro incubation (e) guinea pig heart contains both ethanolamine (PE) and choline plasmalogens (PC) (f) PE plasmalogen is the only alkenyl species present in guinea pig kidney, testes, and spleen (g) sphingomyelin (SM) is uniquely higher in kidney than testis and spleen and very low in the heart (h) subsequent to in-vitro incubation, ceramide is produced in the kidney and testes only, with...
From Paul Abadie to Yves-Marie Froidevaux. From traditional pinnacles to contemporary décor

Die Kathedrale St. Front von Périgueux beeindruckt durch die Vielzahl von Kuppeln und Türmchen, die die Dachlandschaft beleben. Diese Silhouette verdankt sich dem Architekten Paul Abadie, der gut dreißig Jahre (1852-1883) an der Kathedrale tätig war. Doch nicht sein Wirken, sondern das von jungen Studentinnen und Studenten im Atelier pratique der École des Beaux-Arts aus der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts steht im Zentrum dieses Beitrags. Einige der Künstlerinnen und Künstler – so Jean-Claude Athané, Geneviève Bourdet und Philippe Scrive – , die damals an der Kathedrale von Périgueux arbeiteten, konnten wir ausfindig machen. Damit ist dies auch eine Geschichte, die von einer kurzen, künstlerisch kreativen Phase der Denkmalpflege berichtet, die eng mit dem Namen Yves-Marie Froidevaux verbunden ist. Er hatte ab 1939 als Architecte en Chef des Monuments Historiques die Verantwortung für die unter Denkmalschutz stehenden Bauwerke des Département Dordogne und damit auch für Saint Front in Périgueux, bis er 1974 zum Inspecteur Général des Monuments Historiques ernannt wurde. Dieser kurze Ausflug ins Zeitgenössische ist mittlerweile aus der Nähe zu betrachten dank der Laufgänge, die im Sommer 2019 auf dem Dach angelegt wurden und auch zu zwei der drei modern gestalteten Türmchen führen, die Thema dieses Beitrages sind.
In Vitro Spectrophotometry of Tooth Discoloration Induced by Tooth-Colored Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium-Enriched Mixture Cement.

There are numerous factors that can lead to tooth discoloration after endodontic treatment, such as penetration of endodontic materials into the dentinal tubules during root canal treatment. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare discoloration induced by tooth colored mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement in extracted human teeth.Thirty two dentin-enamel cuboid blocks (7×7×2 mm) were prepared from extracted maxillary central incisors. Standardized cavities were prepared in the middle of each cube, leaving 1 mm of enamel and dentin on the labial surface. The specimens were randomly divided into two study groups (n=12) and two positive and negative control groups (n=4). In either study groups the cavities were filled with MTA or CEM cement. The positive and negative control groups were filled with blood or left empty, respectively. The cavities were sealed with composite resin and stored in normal saline. Color measurement was carried out by spectrophotometry at different time intervals including before (T0), and 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2) and 6 months (T3) after placement of materials. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare the discoloration between the groups; the material type was considered as the inter-subject factor. The level of significance was set at 0.05.No significant differences were detected between the groups in all time intervals (P>0.05).Tooth discoloration was similarly detectable with both of the two experimental materials.
Perspectives on Schooling in the Middle Years

Neither nations as a whole nor young people as individuals are served well by neglect of schooling in the middle years or unmindful approaches to the teaching and learning of early adolescents. For many, the opportunity to become independent, engaged, productive, adaptable, and resilient lifelong learners is lost in what are perceived as unstimulating, pointless, unresponsive, and alienating schools and classrooms. Particular approaches to middle schooling vary, dependent, in part, on national contexts, yet there is much in common that can be specified as defining a high-quality approach. Research evidence – inadequate although accumulating – suggests the effectiveness of middle schooling approaches.
Voltaire, Gli anni in Svizzera

che il philosophe invia tra il 1754 e il 1760 da Ginevra (Les Délices) e Losanna (Montriond) a personalità di spicco dell'Europa settecentesca.
Traffic arrangements for the centre of Kuusamo (Mt 18 857)

The aim of the project is to improve Kitkantie’s traffic environment from a road-like environment to a more urban and attractive environment. The project will modernise the image and road environment of Kuusamo’s core centre and improve the functionality and safety of traffic arrangements for all modes of transport. Improving walking and cycling conditions supports the principles of promoting sustainable mobility. As the comfort, safety and conditions improve, you walk and cycle to the city centre, so it reduces the use of cars and thus the formation of emissions. The end of the walking connections has been built and this project will help to clarify the centralised parking space, which means that the services of the city centre can be accessed on short walks. The project’s design solutions aim to improve road safety and ensure the functionality of traffic, especially in the case of light traffic. The solutions ensure the accessibility of the properties and contribute to the development of the city centre’s land use and commercial services in the area. The plans take into account the challenges of winter maintenance and the necessary snow space, but at the same time secure the needs of unhindered mobility. The aim is to turn the roads into streets after construction.In connection with the construction, the civil engineering networks owned by various parties will be renovated and upgraded where necessary. Telecommunications network operators plan to make management bookings for buildings taking into account the needs of the future (smart network). The project will result in a new cozy and attractive centre of Kuusamo, which will attract new services, service providers and customer base in the area.
SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER STORAGE KIOSK

A semiconductor wafer cassette storage cabinet or stocker (10) having retrieval and transfer system constructed in the form of a kiosk encircling a pick-up and transfer apparatus. The structure is fo rmed of a plurality of identical sections (12) having walls and a roofjoined together to form a nearly semi-circular enclosure aroundt he pick-up and transfer apparatus. Each section has multiple level input/output ports adjacent to each other with a shelf (26,28) for supporting a semiconductor wafer cassette (16). Shelves (26,28) at the input/ouput ports are constructed of rails (30,32) supporting drive rollers (36) and a photo-detector (40) to activate the drive rollers to fill an output port whenever a casstte has been retrieved and transferred.
Simulación del flujo sanguíneo y su interacción con la pared arterial mediante modelos de elementos finitos

Resumen
La biomecanica aplica las leyes de la mecanica a los seres vivos y en particular
la hemodinamica estudia el movimiento de la sangre en el sistema
cardiovascular. Una parte de las principales arterias son elasticas e interaccionan
con el flujo sanguineo, por lo que es mas realista tratar de forma
acoplada ambos fenomenos.
En esta tesis se desarrolla un modelo de fluido newtoniano incompresible
que simula la sangre y un modelo de solido hiperelastico incompresible para la
pared arterial, obteniendose los parametros constitutivos de este ultimo con
datos experimentales. Las ecuaciones se resuelven numericamente mediante el
metodo de los elementos finitos con un tratamiento especifico de la condicion
de incompresibilidad.
La interaccion fluido-solido se plantea con un metodo particionado con
acoplamiento fuerte en el que se utiliza la formulacion ALE para tener en
cuenta el movimiento de los contornos del fluido.
El modelo de interaccion se aplica a arterias coronarias con geometria
real cuyas mallas de hexaedros se generan automaticamente a partir de la
directriz y diametros de las arterias. Para simular la condicion de contorno
absorbente en el extremo final se desarrolla un modelo unidimensional de
interaccion, el cual se acopla al modelo tridimensional en dicho extremo. El
modelo final propuesto tiene por tanto doble acoplamiento.
Abstract
The objective of biomechanics is to apply the laws of mechanics to living
beings. In particular haemodynamics study the blood motion in the cardiovascular
system. A group of the principal arteries are elastic and interact
with the blood flow, so it’s more realistic to consider both phenomena in a
coupled way.
In this work an incompressible newtonian fluid model is developed to
simulate the blood and an incompressible hyperelastic solid model for the
arterial wall. The constitutive parameters of the solid are obtained from experimental
data. The equations are solved numerically by using the finite
element method with a special treatment of the incompressibility condition.
Fluid-solid interaction is set through a partitioned method with strong
coupling where the ALE formulation is used to take into account the movement
of the fluid boundaries.
The interaction model is applied to coronary arteries with real geometry
whose meshes are generated automatically from the longitudinal profile and
diameters of the arteries. In order to simulate absorbent boundary conditions
at the outlet a one-dimensional interaction model is developed. This 1D model
is coupled to the three-dimensional model at the outlet, so the final model
consists in the interaction of two coupled systems.
Keywords: haemodynamics, fluid-structure interaction, coupled models, newtonian
fluid, hyperelasticity, finite element method, mesh generation.
An empirically derived approach to the latent structure of the Adult Attachment Interview: additional convergent and discriminant validity evidence

Building on studies examining the latent structure of attachment-related individual differences as assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) via Principal Components Analysis, the current report further explores the validity of four AAI dimensions reported by Haydon, Roisman, and Burt (in press): dismissing states of mind, preoccupied states of mind, and inferred negative experience with maternal and paternal caregivers. Study 1 reports evidence of distinctive cognitive correlates of dismissing vs. preoccupied states of mind with reaction time in an attachment Stroop task and the valence of endorsed self-descriptors, respectively. Study 2 replicates prior meta-analytic findings of generally trivial convergence between state of mind dimensions and self-reported avoidance and anxiety (i.e., Roisman, Holland, Fortuna, Fraley, Clausell, & Clarke, 2007 ). Study 3 contrastively demonstrates moderate empirical overlap between inferred experience (but not state of mind) AAI scales and self-reported avoidance and anxiety when the latter were assessed at the level of specific caregivers. Taken together, these findings add to accumulating evidence that an empirically-driven approach to scaling adults on AAI dimensions (Haydon et al., in press; Roisman, Fraley, & Belsky, 2007 ) aids in identifying theoretically anticipated and distinctive affective, behavioral, and cognitive correlates of dismissing versus preoccupied states of mind.
Analysis of GPS Measurements in Eastern Canada Using Principal Component Analysis

Continuous Global Positioning System (CGPS) position time series from eastern North America constrain the pattern and magnitude of regional crustal deformation. Initial analysis delineates consistent uplift patterns, as expected from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) predictions, but the associated horizontal deformation is not definitive, in part due to the short time periods for a significant number of the available stations. We employ an eigenpattern decomposition in order to define a unique, finite set of deformation patterns for this continuous GPS data. Similar in nature to the empirical orthogonal functions historically employed in the analysis of atmospheric and oceanographic phenomena, the method derives the eigenvalues and eigenstates from the diagonalization of the correlation matrix using a Karhunen–Loeve expansion (KLE). The KLE technique is used to identify the important modes in both time and space for the CGPS data, modes that potentially include signals such as horizontal and vertical GIA, tectonic strain, and seasonal effects. Here we filter both the vertical and horizontal velocity patterns on different spatiotemporal scales in order to study the potential geophysical sources, after the removal of correlated and random noise. The method is successful in disaggregating the linear vertical signal from more variable and less spatially correlated signals. The vertical and horizontal results are compared to the predictions of the ICE-3G GIA loading model with a number of plausible mantle viscosity profiles. The horizontal velocity analysis allows for qualitative differentiation between several potential GIA models and suggests that, with longer time series, this technique can be employed to remove correlated noise and improve estimates of crustal strain patterns and their sources.
Texture-dependent motion signals in primate middle temporal area

Neurons in the middle temporal (MT) area of primate cortex provide an important stage in the analysis of visual motion. For simple stimuli such as bars and plaids some neurons in area MT--pattern cells--seem to signal motion independent of contour orientation, but many neurons--component cells--do not. Why area MT supports both types of receptive field is unclear. To address this we made extracellular recordings from single units in area MT of anaesthetised marmoset monkeys and examined responses to two-dimensional images with a large range of orientations and spatial frequencies. Component and pattern cell response remained distinct during presentation of these complex spatial textures. Direction tuning curves were sharpest in component cells when a texture contained a narrow range of orientations, but were similar across all neurons for textures containing all orientations. Response magnitude of pattern cells, but not component cells, increased with the spatial bandwidth of the texture. In addition, response variability in all neurons was reduced when the stimulus was rich in spatial texture. Fisher information analysis showed that component cells provide more informative responses than pattern cells when a texture contains a narrow range of orientations, but pattern cells had more informative responses for broadband textures. Component cells and pattern cells may therefore coexist because they provide complementary and parallel motion signals.
CONTINGENCY PRODUCTION-INVENTORY CONTROL POLICY FOR CAPACITY DISRUPTIONS IN THE RETAIL SUPPLY CHAIN WITH PERISHABLE PRODUCTS

Abstract Interrelations of product perishability and supply chain resilience are studied. The major distinguishing features in a supply chain with perishable products that may affect the resilience are the risks of goods write-off. Constraints on product perishability typically result in safety stock reductions and transportation frequency increase. Consideration of the production capacity disruption risks may lead to safety stock increase. The developed simulation model was run with data of a fast moving consumer goods company and revealed novel managerial insights and practical recommendations on inventory, on-time delivery and service level control. More specifically, the evidence for adjustment of production and inventory control policies during the disruption time is provided. Otherwise the delayed and backlog orders are accumulated over the disruption time. They transit as residues into the post-disruption period and do not allow full performance and operation dynamics stabilization even after full capacity recovery. An example of such a contingency production-inventory control policy is presented.
Research on the Efficiency and Economic Impact of Energy-Saving Transformation of Residential Buildings in Different Climatic Regions of China

In China, the transformation of existing buildings is confronted with various problems in aspects ranging from technology to policy and even to economic efficiency, which restrains the pace of existing building transformation. Aiming at these conditions, a building model is established with simulation software in the research herein to deeply analyze the energy-saving effect of building envelope transformation in different climatic regions and its economic efficiency based on regional and national policies. The research results show that any single technology is difficult to completely satisfy the requirements of current energy efficiency standards, and technical measures should be taken according to different climatic regions. For the northern heating area, the building envelope transformation must be carried out simultaneously with the transformation of heat metering. Policy formulation and fund determination for the energy-saving transformation of existing buildings in China should be more flexible based on transformation effect and rely more on social and commercial forces rather than solely on the promotion of government.