SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Superconducting quantum heat engines and refrigerators

The aim of the proposed work is to realize experimentally the first genuinely quantum mechanical refrigerator/heat engine in the solid state, and test whether one can boost its performance by information/feedback, optimized control, and merely by exploiting the quantum coherences vs the classical dynamics. To achieve this goal, we will investigate experimentally and theoretically the thermodynamics of open quantum systems. For the experimental realization, we will develop calorimetry with superior energy and time resolution and build competitive quantum circuits based on superconducting quantum bits (qubits). In order to achieve the ultimate goal, we will, for the first time, implement a test for quantum fluctuation relations in a truly open quantum system, and demonstrate an implementation of the so-called quantum Maxwell's Demon by controlling a qubit in an optimal way. In our studies we will utilize the state-of-the-art nanofabrication and measurement facilities of the national OtaNano research infrastructure that I coordinate.
This project presents a serious effort to investigate experimentally open quantum systems from the point of view of thermodynamics. It brings the classical field of research, thermodynamics, to the quantum regime, where experiments are in their infancy. Beyond the direct fundamental significance of this endeavor, the outcome of this project will technologically benefit the performance of both current and novel devices that is often limited by our present understanding of fluctuation relations and the characteristics of open quantum systems.
Electrochemical Identification of Molecular Heterogeneity in Binary Redox Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold

Ferrocenylalkanethiols are excellent probes to study the structure and properties of mixed self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold; in this paper, the molecular heterogeneity in binary redox-active SAMs on gold prepared via postassembly exchange and coadsorption processes is revealed electrochemically. The exchange process of single-component 11-ferrocenyl-1-undecanethiolate SAMs on gold (FcC11S–Au) with 1-undecanethiol (C11SH) is first investigated; it is shown that a single pair of redox peaks can be obtained upon prolonged immersion in C11SH/ethanol solution. For the coadsorption of FcC11SH and C11SH on gold, the splitting of the redox peak diminishes when the molar ratio FcC11SH decreases to <10%. The binary FcC11S-/C11S–Au SAMs with low surface density of ferrocene moieties prepared by these two methods are compared by fitting the cyclic voltammograms (CVs) in considering their intermolecular interactions. The essentially different distributions of the redox centers in these diluted binary SAMs, as ...
Dopaminergic midbrain modulations by (adaptive) neurofeedback

Value-based decision-making is crucial for human behavior and learning, pervades our daily life and goes astray in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression. The neural activity of brain regions producing and being influenced by the neurotransmitter dopamine has been associated with value-based decision-making processes. By extension, one would expect dopamine systems, mainly midbrain regions and their striatal projections, to play a role in such decisions, such as whether a specific reward is worth enduring some punishment. It is a matter of debate, but of surprisingly little empirical investigation, whether the rewarding and punishing aspects of value differentially or similarly depend on the dopamine system. The project DOPANF aims to clarify this issue by investigating dynamic changes of dopamine-related neural activity. DOPANF develops two new paradigms to shed light on this important, yet neglected topic for public health and subjective well-being. Specifically, DOPANF uses recent neuroscientific and technological developments: real-time imaging for immediate analysis of neural activity in the midbrain and multivariate pattern analysis for algorithmic capture of related activity spatially distributed throughout the brain. By observing their own brain activity as neurofeedback in real time, participants will learn to volitionally up- and downregulate activity in the dopamine system. We will then measure the behavioral consequences of this regulation with regard to how much effort participants are willing to exert to obtain a reward. Thus, DOPANF aims to achieve a more precise understanding of decision-making behavior and elucidate the exact role of the dopaminergic midbrain in value processing and its impact on effort discounting. The project is feasible and has the potential to provide a better understanding of psychiatric diseases, such as depression or schizophrenia.
Pengaruh Desentralisasi, Partisipasi, Keadilan Distributif, Keadilan Prosedural Dalam Penganggaran Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional dan Kinerja Manajer (Studi Persepsi Manajer Pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Pemerintah Daerah di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan)

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence by proving the effect of variables in the public sector at the local government budgeting toward organizational commitment and manager performance of public sector managers. This research is a quantitative study of the which is explanatory with the study population in 343 government work units at municipal and regency government in South Kalimantan Province. This study takes 217 managers as the sample with units of analysis managers perceptions and takes multistage random sampling technique. The results of the study of direct effects between variables shows that it has a significant positive effect is that decentralization in budgeting toward organizational commitment, decentralization in budgeting toward manager performance, participation in budgeting toward organizational commitment, participation in budgeting toward manager performance, distributive justice in budgeting toward organizational commitment, procedural justice in budgeting toward organizational commitment, and organizational commitment toward manager performance. While the result of the study is the which has no effect is distributive justice in budgeting toward manager performance, and procedural justice in budgeting toward manager performance. Further testing of the indirect effects through intervening variables shows that organizational commitment can be partial mediation effect between the items, namely: the decentralization in budgeting toward manager performance, and participation in budgeting toward manager performance. The results of the study shows that the indirect effect of organizational commitment can be fully mediation between the effect items, namely: distributive justice in budgeting toward manager performance and procedural justice in budgeting toward manager performance. The overall results of the study show that participation in budgeting is the most dominant influential variables on organizational commitment and the achievement of the manager performance. In addition, the availability of competent human resources is a requirement for the persistence of the implementation of the system in local government budgeting.
Liquid-jet printing head and printing apparatus having the liquid-jet printing head.

A printing head (1) designed to have a long life, particularly to be able to maintain a long duration life of a heater portion and improved qualities of printed images with improved stability and to achieve high-speed printing, a printing apparatus using the printing head (1) and a method for driving the printing head are provided. On a substrate (2) of the printing head (1) are formed a printing liquid supply chamber (8), liquid channels communicating with the supply chamber (8), liquid channel wall members (4) forming the channels, nozzles (5) for ejecting a liquid, heaters (6) provided as thermal energy transducing elements in the channels, and an electric wiring for energizing the heaters (6). Each channel has a wing-like sectional configuration in the vicinity of the corresponding heater.
A Hybrid Routing Protocol for Hierarchy Wireless Mesh Networks

Mesh topology has been actively researched and developed as a key solution to improve the performance and services of wireless communications. To take full advantage of wireless mesh networks, a hierarchy mesh topology, which includes a fixed backbone network and mobile access networks, is presented in this paper. To achieve the optimum performance at a low cost, a hybrid routing protocol is provided for the hierarchy mesh topology, where a proactive or table-drive routing protocol (e.g., OLSR) is reserved for the fixed backbone network, and a reactive or on-demand routing protocol (e.g., AODV) is reserved for mobile access networks. Simulation results show that the hybrid routing protocol can increase system throughput and decrease delay.
Atoms and molecules in intense laser fields: gauge invariance of theory and models

Gauge invariance was discovered in the development of classical electromagnetism and was required when the latter was formulated in terms of the scalar and vector potentials. It is now considered to be a fundamental principle of nature, stating that different forms of these potentials yield the same physical description: they describe the same electromagnetic field as long as they are related to each other by gauge transformations. Gauge invariance can also be included into the quantum description of matter interacting with an electromagnetic field by assuming that the wave function transforms under a given local unitary transformation. The result of this procedure is a quantum theory describing the coupling of electrons, nuclei and photons. Therefore, it is a very important concept: it is used in almost every fields of physics and it has been generalized to describe electroweak and strong interactions in the standard model of particles. A review of quantum mechanical gauge invariance and general unitary transformations is presented for atoms and molecules in interaction with intense short laser pulses, spanning the perturbative to highly nonlinear nonperturbative interaction regimes. Various unitary transformations for single spinless particle Time Dependent Schr\"odinger Equations, TDSE, are shown to correspond to different time-dependent Hamiltonians and wave functions. Accuracy of approximation methods involved in solutions of TDSE's such as perturbation theory and popular numerical methods depend on gauge or representation choices which can be more convenient due to faster convergence criteria. We focus on three main representations: length and velocity gauges, in addition to the acceleration form which is not a gauge, to describe perturbative and nonperturbative radiative interactions. Numerical schemes for solving TDSE's in different representations are also discussed.
Fünf beeindruckende technologische Schritte in Nahrungsmittel-KMU

Im Falle einer Änderung der Struktur der Industrie wird betont, wie wichtig es ist, die Kostenwettbewerbsfähigkeit der Lebensmittelindustrie zu verbessern, da die indirekten Beschäftigungsauswirkungen der Lebensmittelindustrie erheblich sind: ein Arbeitsplatz in der Lebensmittelindustrie schafft im Durchschnitt vier Arbeitsplätze in anderen Sektoren. Die Produkte von KMU in der Lebensmittelindustrie diversifizieren die Versorgung mit Konsum- und Verpflegungsprodukten sowie die Verwendung heimischer Rohstoffe in Exportprodukten. Aus diesem Grund wird die Verbesserung der Kostenwettbewerbsfähigkeit der finnischen Lebensmittelindustrie KMU die Bedingungen für profitable Unternehmen in der gesamten Industrie erhöhen.KMU in der Lebensmittelindustrie haben klare Bedürfnisse, um die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu verbessern, um die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Produktion zu verbessern, den Energieverbrauch zu optimieren und Investitionen an die Größe und Amortisationsziele des Unternehmens anzupassen. Um mit dem Entwicklungspfad für immer anspruchsvollere Produktions- und digitale Lösungen Schritt halten zu können, müssen KMU ihr Entwicklungspotenzial kennen und intelligent investieren.Fünf wirksame technologische Schritte für KMU im Lebensmittelsektor konzentrieren sich auf die Ermittlung, Bewertung und Modellierung politischer Maßnahmen, die es kleinen und mittleren Agrar- und Lebensmittelunternehmen ermöglichen, ihre Wirtschaftlichkeit durch Steigerung ihrer Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu steigern. Die Entwicklungsaktivitäten des Projekts konzentrieren sich insbesondere auf die Subskalierung der Technologien, die von großen Unternehmen der Lebensmittelindustrie eingesetzt werden, die gezielte Automatisierung der Produktion, die Optimierung der Energieerzeugung und -nutzung sowie die Erforschung des Potenzials der energetischen Verwertung. Das Projekt zielt auf ein fünfstufiges Modell für die Entwicklung von Technologien ab, um die Wirtschaftlichkeit in KMU der Lebensmittelindustrie zu verbessern. Die Modellierung erfolgt auf der Grundlage von Studien, Technologievorführungen und Pilotprojekten, die mit Unternehmen in Entwicklungsbereichen durchgeführt werden, die identifiziert werden können. Jedes Entwicklungsprojekt zielt darauf ab, die fünf wichtigsten Entwicklungsschritte zu identifizieren. Diese Schritte werden erforderlichenfalls durch die Durchführung von Technologiestudien, Demonstrationen und Piloten unternommen. Auf der Grundlage der ergriffenen Maßnahmen wird ein allgemein verwendbarer fünfstufiger Leitfaden für die Entwicklung von Technologien für KMU in der Lebensmittelindustrie modelliert. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des Projekts werden Modelle sein, die für KMU in der Lebensmittelindustrie geeignet sind, auf der Grundlage von Demonstrations-, Pilot- und Technologiestudien für die Umsetzung von Investitionen, die Herabstufung von Technologien und die Ermittlung und Nutzung der wichtigsten Energieeffizienzlösungen.
Drug combinations for rewriting trajectories of renal pathologies in type ii diabetes (dc-ren)

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes, with major impact on patients and healthcare systems. The complex disorder, further modulated by cardiovascular comorbidities, presents as an accumulation of risk factors, which we treat with drug combinations. While the overall benefit of this approach is evident on a cohort level, individual patients show remarkable heterogeneity in drug response, and lack of guidance on personalized medication results in suboptimal control of the disorder.
For resolving variability, we propose a new concept for personalization of drug combinations beyond the cohort-centric perspective. We improve patient stratification based on equivalence relations of clinical presentation, disease pathophysiology and drug combinations. The approach is derived from dynamical systems theory, aimed at reducing probabilistic assignment of patient-specific disease evolution and matching drug combinations. The availability of a large European repository holding DKD patients in routine care with diverse drug combinations, complemented by high-throughput screening for improving patient phenotyping, and molecular network modelling of pathology, embedded risk factor combinations and consequence of drug effect allows a systems representation of patient groups. Integrating clinical presentation and molecular architecture in a novel computational framework will establish a decision support software prototype. We will validate this tool for predicting optimized personalized drug combinations in a study using given clinical trial repositories. Demonstration will expand to other available drugs, which in combination with approved drugs promise benefit for groups of DKD patients.
With a clear route toward uptake in the clinical setting, and generalization capacity of our approach to other complex disorders we foster next steps in personalization, anticipate major patient benefit, and see novel translation and business opportunities.
Development and commercialisation of a complete compostable film packaging system

In the light of the recently published ‘A European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy’ document, all stakeholders involved in the life cycle of plastic packaging are striving towards achieving a solution which could curb plastic pollution and its adverse impact on our lives and the environment. Consumers and retailers demand a packaging film which can be 100% recycled or can be completely biologically decomposed. Compostable plastics have the ability to break down, safely and relatively quickly, by biological means, into the raw materials of nature and disappear into the environment (soil). There is a need of a totally compostable wrapping packaging solution (film, label and tray) along with an easy-to-use (and maintain) cost effective packaging machines.  2.  3. In a response to this market need, the project consortium led by Fabbri Group is developing a platform technology ‘Nature Fresh’ which is a complete compostable film packaging solution targeted specifically at the fresh food packaging markets (meat, fish, dairy, fruit and vegetables). Nature Fresh delivers retailers. food processors, and the common public direct environmental benefits and addresses a current opportunity to reduce the use of plastic. At the same time the product will assist in meeting sustainability initiatives.   Through this 30 months FTI project, the consortium aims to carry out activities such as commercial scale manufacturing of the compostable films, design and development of the automatic wrapping machines, design and development compostable label, gain regulatory approvals and conduct end-user trials to gain market acceptance and a swift market entry by Q2- 2022.
Attractive Urban Public Transport for Accessible Cities

Most transport starts & ends in urban areas, thus they should provide efficient interconnections for transportation networks. ATTAC cities/regions (important nodes of the EU transp. network) are facing increasing mobility needs, intensified suburbanisation, escalating traffic flows & congestion. This led to poor accessibility of these regions & externalities that negatively affect the environment. A major reason of congestion in ATTAC areas is the ever growing use of private cars. The reduction of car use and the shift to sustainable transp. modes would be crucial, but public transport(PT) is often perceived by customers as uncomfortable and rigid. That is the reason why the ATTAC consortium (local/regional PT authorities, service providers, policy makers & networks working in the field of urban mobility: 9 ERDF PPs + 8 ASPs) set the specific objective to introduce attractive & sustainable PT solutions/services in their regions which will significantly contribute to raising the use of PT. PPs will work in 3 interlinked thematic fields to generate concrete results & prepare investments: Task Forces investigate innovative tools in the field of 1)flexible PT solutions, 2)integrated ticketing/smart card systems, 3)intelligent passenger information. The jointly defined solutions in all themes will be tested as pilots/pilot studies to examine the applicability of ideas in various local environments, whereby giving credence to transnat. efforts made to solve local challenges. The results of testing and other project outputs feed the Urban Mobility Toolbox (MT), core output of ATTAC: a collection of good strategies/tools for making SEE cities/regions effective nodes of transnational accessibility. The implementation of MT measures in ATTAC locations (via Sust.Urb.Transp.Plans) will mitigate congestion and enable the free flow of traffic in SEE transport nodes, contributing to the general objective of ATTAC: reducing bottlenecks in EU transport corridors.
Effect of Cassava Processing Mill Effluent on Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Abraka and Environs, Delta State, Nigeria

Selected heavy metals and physicochemical characteristics of the soils around some cassava processing mills in Abraka and environs were analyzed in order to assess the impact of the cassava mill effluent on the soils. The results of the physicochemical analysis showed overall decrease in pH values and corresponding increase in the other parameters. The pH values indicated that the soils were acidic which suggests that the effluents imparted acidic property on the soils. The elevated levels of Total Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen are suggestive of increased organic matter and microbial activities in the effluent residues. Electrical conductivity values indicate presence of dissolved inorganic salts while the phosphorus values confirm the rich source of phosphorus in cassava tuber. The result of heavy metal analysis shows elevated levels of heavy metals in the soil receiving cassava mill effluent. The relative potential index and enrichment coefficient values of the metals in the soils coupled with the observed physiochemical characteristics revealed that there are some levels of heavy metal enrichment, contamination and bioavailability in the soils studied. Key words : cassava mill effluent, heavy metals, physicochemical characteristics soil pollution, Abraka
DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO ZONES OF OVERBURDEN STRATA UNDER CONDITIONS OF COMPOUND ROOF, HIGHLY GASSY AND THICK COAL SEAM IN FULL-MECHANIZED TOP COAL CAVING FACES

Taking Yuwu coal company as the experimental mine,by using the equipment which is sealed two ends by capsules in borehole,affused measurable water between the two capsules and borehole televiewer system,overburden two zones height of fully-mechanized top caving are monitored and analyzed through the digital relationship of fractures around mining such as change of dip angle,numbers and depth,numbers and width.At the same time,similarity model and numerical model experiment of fissure development evolution are carried out.The results show that:(1) Caving zone height changes from 27 m to 32 m and fractured zone height changes from 58 m to 61 m;(2) The fracture characteristics are mainly with high angle and low width before mining,with small angle and middle width after mining;with the mining of working face,the numbers of fractures increase with straight line;(3) The fractures cluster region mainly focuses near the coal wall,and the fractures density distribution curves of overlying strata are high at two ends and middle of working face,just like wave-shapes.
Occurrence of <i>Fusarium langsethiae</i> Strains Isolated from Durum Wheat in Italy

Surveys on the occurrence of type A trichothecenes in wheat, and particularly for the T-2 and HT-2 toxins, and information on the biology and epidemiology of the causative Fusarium species (i.e. F. langsethiae, F. sporotrichioides) are scarce in Italy, as compared to the more common type B trichothecene, deoxynivalenol and its producers. This 4-year monitoring of phytopathogenic Fusarium species on 183 seed lots of durum wheat shows wide distribution of F. langsethiae in Italy and the potential of several isolates of this fungus to produce high amounts of T-2 and HT-2 in wheat. Fusarium langsethiae was observed for approximately 48% of the analysed samples, with a maximum incidence for a single lot of 10.5%. Fusarium sporotrichioides was observed only in 2011, with an average incidence of 2% (range, 0–3%). A collection of F. langsethiae isolates representative of the main cultivation areas in Italy was established. These isolates showed great variability for their toxin production in vitro. Of 28 strains, all except one isolate can produce the T-2 and HT-2 toxins. HT-2 was generally in greater amounts than T-2, with an average concentration ratio for HT-2 to T-2 of 2.1 (range, 0.7–5.4). The artificial inoculation of wheat with three isolates of F. langsethiae produced no Fusarium head blight symptoms under field conditions. However, significantly higher incidence of F. langsethiae was seen on the kernels of inoculated plants, compared to the uninoculated controls.