SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Magnetically induced enhancement of reversibly responding conductometric sensors

Small magnetic fields are found to greatly enhance the reversible room temperature conductometric responses of n and p- type porous silicon (PS) interfaces, treated with nanostructured island sites containing paramagnetic Co(II) and Fe(II). At concentrations sufficiently low so as to avoid cross talk between the nanostructured island sites, the response to NO concentrations demonstrates the significant effect which the Co(II) and Fe(II) have on the decorated extrinsic semiconductor majority charge carriers as they direct a dominant electron transduction process for reversible electron transduction and chemical sensing (Inverse Hard and Soft acid/base principle) in the absence of significant chemical bond formation. Co(II) and Fe(II) oxide sites enhance response and provide a means for small magnetic fields to interact with and enhance the sensor interface response. For p-type systems, the interaction is with small virtually constant thermal electron populations lying above the Fermi energy at 0 K. The electron removal rate increases with magnetic field strength. At the highest magnetic fields and NO analyte concentrations the available electron population is depleted, and the response to the analyte decreases at higher concentrations. At lower magnetic fields (<1000 G), the response faithfully follows concentration. For n-type systems, the magnetic field interaction increases resistance. This increase in response may be attributed to the interaction with donor levels ∼0.025 eV below the conduction band. A substantial enhancement of sensor response relative to that for the Co(II) and Fe(II) treated PS interfaces is observed, with the introduction of a small magnetic field greatly increasing an already enhanced conductometric response.
Successful Interreg Project Planning and Implementation – The Case of Remote Areas

Problems addressed
• The insufficient access of European remote areas to information, mainly due to their geographical isolation, constitutes an obstacle either to approaching the Community Initiative Interreg or to their effective cooperation with other areas in terms of common planning and joint implementation of Interreg Projects of all strands.
• The lack of know-how of local actors and beneficiaries in European remote areas on accessing ERDF funds, developing innovative approaches and managing interregional, transnational and cross-border development projects is a basic reason for the low level of efficiency and effectiveness of the projects they design, coordinate or participate in.
• The difficulties that European remote areas are confronted with in terms of utilising the results and impact of regional interventions constitute barriers to gaining competitive advantages, increasing development and enhancing their area’s competitiveness.

Objectives
• Improving the access of European remote areas to sound and appropriate information in order to support their familiarization with the Community Initiative Interreg and improve their cooperation with other areas in terms of common planning and joint implementation of successful projects within all strands of the Community Initiative Interreg.
• Increasing the capacities of certain groups of final beneficiaries in European remote areas on accessing ERDF funds, developing innovative approaches and managing interregional, transnational and cross-border development projects of the Community Initiative Interreg.
• Increasing the effectiveness of regional development projects in European remote areas where a clearly identified potential exists, in order to promote the balanced development and cohesion of the European space, focusing also on the countries of the New Neighbourhood.

Approach and methodology
• Informing and raising the awareness of local groups of final beneficiaries on the scope, objectives and areas of intervention of the C.I. Interreg, facilitating the exchange of experiences and good practices on a transnational level, ensuring the wider spreading of information to the local population and disseminating results of the analysis of Interreg experience in European remote areas.
• Developing innovative tools and providing training to the local groups of final beneficiaries of the European remote areas on successful planning and implementation of Interreg projects.
• Familiarising final beneficiaries with innovative and modern regional development tools, developing a common methodology on efficient planning and effective implementation of Interreg Projects in European remote areas and preparation of a common pilot project proposal to the C.I. Interreg.
Effect of alcohol exposure on fetal brain development

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can be severely damage to the brain development in fetuses. This study
investigates the effects of maternal ethanol consumption on brain development in mice embryos. Pregnant mice at
gestational day 12.5 were intragastrically gavaged with ethanol (3g/Kg bwt) twice daily for three consecutive days.
On gestational day 14.5, fetuses were collected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and imaged using a swept-source
optical coherence tomography (SSOCT) system. 3D images of the mice embryo brain were obtained and the
volumes of the left and right ventricles of the brain were measured. The average volumes of the left and the right
volumes of 5 embryos each alcohol-exposed and control embryos were measured to be 0.35 and 0.15 mm 3 ,
respectively. The results suggest that the left and right ventricle volumes of brain are much larger in the alcohol-exposed
embryos as compared to control embryos indicating alcohol-induced developmental delay.
Attenuation tomography using novel observations of earth's free oscillations

Tectonic phenomena at the Earth's surface, like volcanic eruptions and earthquakes,are driven by convection deep in the mantle. Seismic tomography has been very successful in elucidating the Earth's internal velocity structure. However, seismic velocity is insufficient to obtain robust estimates of temperature and composition, and make direct links with mantle convection. Thus, fundamental questions remain unanswered: Do subducting slabs bring water into the lower mantle? Are the large low-shear velocity provinces under the Pacific and Africa mainly thermal or compositional? Is there any partial melt or water near the mantle transition zone or core mantle boundary?  

Seismic attenuation, or loss of energy, is key to mapping melt, water and temperature variations, and answering these questions. Unfortunately, attenuation has only been imaged using short- and intermediate-period seismic data, showing little similarity even for the upper mantle and no reliable lower mantle models exist. The aim of ATUNE is to develop novel full-spectrum techniques and apply them to Earth's long period free oscillations to observe global-scale regional variations in seismic attenuation from the lithosphere to the core mantle boundary. Scattering and focussing - problematic for shorter period techniques - are easily included using cross-coupling (or resonance) between free oscillations not requiring approximations. The recent occurrence of large earthquakes, increase in computer power and my world-leading expertise in free oscillations now make it possible to increase the frequency dependence of attenuation to a much wider frequency band, allowing us to distinguish between scattering (redistribution of energy) versus intrinsic attenuation. ATUNE will deliver the first ever full-waveform global tomographic model of 3D attenuation variations in the lower mantle, providing essential constraints on melt, water and temperature for understanding the complex dynamics of our planet.
Geographical classification of Virgin Olive Oils by combining the electronic nose and tongue

Although the great interest of development of performed gas and liquid sensors, lack of cross-sensitivity still remains the major drawback of electronic sensing systems such as electronic nose and tongue. We propose here an approach aimed at overcoming this shortcoming. So a performed data fusion method of electronic nose and tongue was used in order to classify five Virgin Olive Oils (VOOs) picked up from five Moroccan geographical areas. The electronic nose instrument consists of five commercial available MOS TGS gas sensors and the electronic tongue was designed using four voltammetric electrodes. Two techniques, i.e., Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs) were used to develop classification models using as inputs specific features extracted from the collected sensor signals. Great enhancement in successful discrimination between all VOOs was achieved when compared to the individual systems due to a performed low-level of abstraction data fusion.
Electromagnetic boundary conditions in multipole theory

Multipole expansions for the macroscopic charge and current densities in a dielectric half-space involve a hierarchy of singular functions comprising the Dirac delta function and its derivatives. For these, Maxwell's differential equations yield corresponding singular expansions of the macroscopic electromagnetic fields E and B, and the response fields D and H, together with their boundary conditions (in terms of macroscopic multipole moment densities) at a dielectric–vacuum (or dielectric–dielectric) interface. Explicit results are obtained up to electric octopole–magnetic quadrupole order. These show that published expressions for boundary conditions are incomplete beyond electric dipole order, due to an invalid assumption concerning two-dimensional behaviour at the interface. The effect of this on studies of certain reflection effects for anisotropic media is detailed. Comparison of the differential theory with the standard integral formulation shows that, beyond electric dipole order, the latter is incomplete and redundant.
Quasi-experimental study designs series—paper 1: introduction: two historical lineages

The objective of this study was to contrast the historical development of experiments and quasi-experiments and provide the motivation for a journal series on quasi-experimental designs in health research.A short historical narrative, with concrete examples, and arguments based on an understanding of the practice of health research and evidence synthesis.Health research has played a key role in developing today's gold standard for causal inference-the randomized controlled multiply blinded trial. Historically, allocation approaches developed from convenience and purposive allocation to alternate and, finally, to random allocation. This development was motivated both by concerns for manipulation in allocation as well as statistical and theoretical developments demonstrating the power of randomization in creating counterfactuals for causal inference. In contrast to the sequential development of experiments, quasi-experiments originated at very different points in time, from very different scientific perspectives, and with frequent and long interruptions in their methodological development. Health researchers have only recently started to recognize the value of quasi-experiments for generating novel insights on causal relationships.While quasi-experiments are unlikely to replace experiments in generating the efficacy and safety evidence required for clinical guidelines and regulatory approval of medical technologies, quasi-experiments can play an important role in establishing the effectiveness of health care practice, programs, and policies. The papers in this series describe and discuss a range of important issues in utilizing quasi-experimental designs for primary research and quasi-experimental results for evidence synthesis.
Bio-Physical processes around marine snow aggregates

Advancing our understanding of biologically driven sequestration of carbon is crucial given the rapidly increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Diatoms are the most common type of phytoplankton and, as the ocean’s biological carbon pump, a key component in this process. Diatom aggregates, in particular, comprise a significant fraction of sinking particulate matter drawing down atmospheric carbon to the depths of the ocean. Diatoms produce transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP), a gel-like sticky sugary substance, which plays a significant role in the subsequent coagulation of diatoms into aggregates as their blooms terminate. These sinking aggregates are composed of diatoms, detritus and faecal pellets and are so-called marine snow aggregates. 

We will use recent innovations in technology to study the role of TEP content for: 

• Scavenging of particles 
• Flow and diffusion within and around diatom aggregates 
We will draw upon the specialized expertise of the applicant and the beneficiary to study diatom aggregates in detail using methods which have greatly profited from technological advances: 

• Particle image velocimetry, and  
• digital holographic microscopy, in combination with 
• microsensors, to study mass transfer at a sub-mm scale. 

The methods will enable us for the first time to quantify directly any flow inside the aggregates, also called the interstitial fluid flow, and to visualize the aggregate’s structure and particle composition. Targeting these processes with advanced instrumentation will bring European research on aggregates to the forefront in terms of the technology, but more importantly, our understanding of carbon cycling in the ocean and our position on future climate change impacts.
A novel on-axis self-calibration approach for precision rotary metrology stages

Precision rotary metrology stages need calibration technology to determine the stage error for improvement of angle measurement accuracy. In this paper, we study the calibration of precision rotary metrology stages, and present an on-axis angle self-calibration approach different from previous perspectives. Without resorting to specially designed angle comparators or added read-heads, the proposed scheme fully utilizes different measurement views of a newly designed artifact plate on the uncalibrated rotary stage. The measurement deviation of each mark line from its nominal angle position, is rigidly modeled as the combination of stage error, artifact error, misalignment error and random measurement noise. Based on the circle closure principle and mathematical definition of the axis orientation, the misalignment error of each measurement view can be directly determined by rigid algebraic processing. A least-square based calculation law is finally synthesized to determine the stage error. Computer simulation validates that the proposed method can realize the stage error accurately even there exist various random measurement noises. Finally, a practical description on how to measure the angular marks of different measurement views is provided. The proposed strategy essentially provides a novel on-axis angle self-calibration principle with accuracy, simplicity and robustness orientation to meet industrial requirements.
Fascismo além das fronteiras europeias? Ação Integralista Brasileira e o fascismo no Brasil

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o surgimento e o desenvolvimento do maior movimento fascista na América Latina: a Ação Integralista Brasileira. Para tanto, em um primeiro momento, realizar-se-á uma aproximação em relação aos debates historiográficos sobre a existência ou não do fascismo extra-europeu. Posteriormente, faz-se necessário discutir, a partir dos debates mais atuais na chamada escola sobre “estudos sobre fascismo”, o surgimento da Ação Integralista Brasileira à luz da interpretação do historiador Roger Griffin sobre modernismo e fascismo. Para finalizar, analisar-se-á a construção e as principais ideias do movimento signatário para, então, concluir, com uma reflexão sobre a existência e desenvolvimento do integralismo pós-guerra: o neointegralismo.
Experimental Investigation of Clay Fly Ash Bricks for Gamma-Ray Shielding

This study aims to determine the effect of fly ash with a high replacing ratio of clay on the radiation shielding properties of bricks. Some interaction parameters (mass attenuation coefficients, half value layer, effective atomic number, effective electron density, and absorption efficiency) of clay fly ash bricks were measured with a NaI(Tl) detector at 661.6 keV, 1,173.2 keV, and 1,332.5 keV. For the investigation of their shielding behavior, fly ash bricks were molded using an admixture to clay. A narrow beam transmission geometry condition was used for the measurements. The measured values of these parameters were found in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The elemental compositions of the clay fly ash bricks were analyzed by using an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. At selected energies the values of the effective atomic numbers and effective electron densities showed a very modest variation with the composition of the fly ash. This seems to be due to the similarity of their elemental compositions. The obtained results were also compared with concrete, in order to study the effect of fly ash content on the radiation shielding properties of clay fly ash bricks. The clay fly ash bricks showed good shielding properties for moderate energy gamma rays. Therefore, these bricks are feasible and eco-friendly compared with traditional clay bricks used for construction.
Novel immunotherapeutic vaccine for the treatment of alzheimer’s disease

The objective of this project is to develop a business plan for the continued clinical development and commercialisation of ALZ-101 – a novel therapeutic Alzheimer´s disease (AD) vaccine candidate designed to prevent neurodegeneration in the brain. 

AD is a therapeutic area in dire need of effective treatments. The disease, which primarily afflicts the elderly (65+), irreversbly destroys brain cells and affects the patient’s cognitive ability.  The exact mechanisms leading to AD are unknown. However, it has been found that the disease is linked to the aggregation and deposition of Aβ1-42 – one of the isoforms of fibrous Aβ peptide - into senile plaques in the brain.

In recent years, significant efforts have been made to attempt targeting the clearance of Aβ1-42 through the administration of Aβ antigens (active immunotherapy) or anti-Aβ anti-bodies (passive immunotherapy). However, the development has been fraught with difficulties. Aβ1-42 oligomers are inherently unstable and heterogeneous. This precludes the development of efficient therapies.  

Alzinova owns the AβCC peptide™ technology which allows for the development of a vaccine that specifically targets the endogenous substance that causes disease – a feat made possible by the unprecedented capability to stabilise the antigen.
The product will be ready to enter the clinical trial in humans by the end of 2017. In the Phase 1 project, we will develop a business plan that will guide the future clinical studies and commercialisation (to be included in the Phase 2 project). The strategy is to take the product to the Phase I/IIa level and thereafter acquire strategic partner for continued clinical studies and market launch.

Fighting AD is an EU-wide challenge as it affects 7.3 million people within the EU-27 countries. The effects of AD are devastating not only for the patients, but also for their families. ALZ-101 delivers in this context a strong EU-added value by its potential to stop the progression of AD.
Inactivation of the tumor suppressorWTXin a subset of pediatric tumors

WTX is a tumor suppressor gene expressed during embryonic development and inactivated in 20-30% of cases of Wilms tumor, the most common pediatric kidney cancer. WTX has been implicated in several cellular processes including Wnt signaling, WT1 transcription, NRF2 degradation, and p53 function. Given that WTX is widely expressed during embryonic development and has been recently shown to regulate mesenchymal precursor cells in several organs, we tested for the potential involvement of WTX in a panel of pediatric tumors and adult sarcomas. A total of 353 tumors were screened for WTX deletions by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Discrete somatic WTX deletions were identified in two cases, one hepatoblastoma and one embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and confirmed by array comparative genomic hybridization. Direct sequencing of the full WTX open reading frame in 24 hepatoblastomas and 21 embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas did not identify additional mutations in these tumor types. The presence of WTX mRNA was confirmed in hepatoblastomas and embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas without WTX deletions by RNA-in situ hybridization. Notably, tumors with evidence of WTX inactivation, Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, are primitive tumors that resemble undifferentiated precursor cells and are linked to overgrowth syndromes. These results indicate that WTX inactivation occurs in a wider variety of tumor types than previously appreciated and point to shared pathogenic mechanisms between a subset of pediatric malignancies.
Pattern of ocular trauma at MLB Medical College, Jhansi (UP) - A retrospective study

Introduction: Ocular trauma is an important and yet preventable cause of visual morbidity especially among population in developing countries. Trauma is a significant cause of monocular blindness. Objective: To determine the pattern of ocular trauma, causative agents and visual outcome among patients presenting to emergency. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from April 2013-March 2014 on 400 patients with ocular trauma, presented to the emergency trauma centre at MLB medical college, Jhansi. Specially designed protocol was used to record the information based on the demographic data, nature and cause of injury. Informed consent was taken from all the patients. Data obtained were collected and analysed statistically by simple proportions. Results: Most common age group was 21-40 years (192 patients), among the pattern of ocular trauma laceration (62.7%) was found to be most common both in male and female patients, followed by peri-orbital haematoma (22.5%). The main causes were found to be work place injuries (32%) and road traffic accidents (28%). The common visual acuity observed on the affected eye on admission was <6/60-3/60 (43.7%) and <3/60 (27.2%). Conclusion: Public education and awareness program regarding health seeking behaviour for ocular injuries need to be conducted for improved outcome of ocular injuries.
Leveraging results of 5 IT-HR projects to boost touristic valorisation of cultural, off-road, industrial and natural heritage

Project tackles one of the main challenges of the region: valorising and preserving the rich and varied cultural heritage and taking advantage of it in a sustainable way to support economic development. Also, it aims to overcome the negative impact of pandemic; the latter proved tourism to be an economic force and a source of livelihoods, raising awareness of this potential at the highest levels of government and amongst the public at large. However, it has also shown fragility of the sector being highly fragmented, imbalanced and still with low digital intensity. Based on IT-HR five previous projects‘ results, BOOST5 will deploy a systemic approach at a CB level, involving private and public actors in adoption of common strategies for cultural and landscape identity in order to: - eliminate main obstacles limiting full development of sustainable tourism offer; - promote community driven ideas and new market opportunities through capacity building plans about innovative approaches, sustainability and managerial skills; - promote synergies among diverse stakeholders and territories to speed up successful implementation of sustainable policies and environmental awareness; - pave the way for the next strategic steps such as green accreditation or zero impact tourism labels and building on next programming period opportunities.