SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Processing of glass sheets

A succession of glass sheets are processed, for example by heating, bending and toughening in the production of windshield glasses. Each glass sheet is suspended vertically in an elongated furnace from a transport member, and when hot is lifted from the furnace into the lowermost of a vertical series of treatment stations, for example a bending station followed by a toughening station, by a lifting device which engages the transport member. Subsequently the transport member is supported independently of the lifting device at a level above the furnace so that the lifting device can then be lowered to lift the next glass sheet from the furnace.
Late Cenozoic deep weathering patterns on the Fennoscandian shield in northern Finland: A window on ice sheet bed conditions at the onset of Northern Hemisphere glaciation

Abstract The nature of the regolith that existed on the shields of the Northern Hemisphere at the onset of ice sheet glaciation is poorly constrained. In this paper, we provide the first detailed account of an exceptionally preserved, deeply weathered late Neogene landscape in the ice sheet divide zone in northern Finland. We mine data sets of drilling and pitting records gathered by the Geological Survey of Finland to reconstruct regional preglacial deep weathering patterns within a GIS framework. Using a large geochemical data set, we give standardised descriptions of saprolite geochemistry using a variant of the Weathering Index of Parker (WIP) as a proxy to assess the intensity of weathering. We also focus on mineral prospects and mines with dense pit and borehole data coverage in order to identify links between geology, topography, and weathering. Geology is closely linked to topography on the preglacial shield landscape of northern Finland and both factors influence weathering patterns. Upstanding, resistant granulite, granite, gabbro, metabasalt, and quartzite rocks were associated with fresh rock outcrops, including tors, or with thin ( fines values above 3000 and 4000. Beneath valley floors developed along mineralised shear and fracture zones, weathering penetrated locally to depths of > 50 m and included intensely weathered kaolinitic clays with WIP fines values below 1000. Late Neogene weathering profiles were varied in character. Tripartite clay–gruss–saprock profiles occur only in limited areas. Bipartite gruss–saprock profiles were widespread, with saprock thicknesses of > 10 m. Weathering profiles included two discontinuities in texture, materials and resistance to erosion, between saprolite and saprock and between saprock and rock. Limited core recovery when drilling below the soil base in mixed rocks of the Tana Belt indicates that weathering locally penetrated deep below upper fresh rock layers. Such deep-seated weathered bands in rock represent a third set of discontinuities. Incipient weathering and supergene mineralisation also extended to depths of > 100 m in mineralised fracture zones. The thin weathering crusts found extensively beneath till may represent types of early or middle Pleistocene palaeosols. We confirm that glacial erosion has been very limited (
POWER CONVERTER WITH QUASI-ZERO POWER CONSUMPTION

A power converter system, method and device powers a load when coupled to the load and draws a quasi-zero amount of power from the power supply when not coupled to the load. The power converter system maintains an output voltage such that the power converter system is able to properly "wake-up" when a load is coupled by intermittently operating the power converter for a preselected number of cycles when it is detected that the output voltage has fallen below a threshold level.
Sustainable development transition through regulation-induced technological change

The transition toward a sustainable economy has become an urgency rather than just a challenge. Rising to it demands a deep reconsideration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of development. The rapid degradation of the environment requires a swift and deep transformation. Our diverse team of researchers experienced in different, yet complementary disciplines, aims to provide rigorous scientific evidence on how regulation induces sustainable technological change? We build on expertise in economics, statistical modelling, computer programming and environmental law, and apply cutting-edge methods that have yet to be used to answer this important question. The Porter hypothesis claims, with mixed evidence, that environmental regulation may result in a win-win for the regulated firms through innovation offsets. By contrast, the regulation-induced technological change model we develop posits that stringent regulation will stimulate entry of new players. These are more likely to rise to the challenge with disruptive innovations, instead of incremental improvements by incumbent firms (Schumpeter’s creative destruction). We use the case of the Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program as an instance of regulatory shocks that are stringent enough to be qualified of technology forcing. We begin by calibrating a micro-founded model of regulation-induced technological change. We then investigate empirically the impact of the regulatory shocks on the economy by analyzing innovation and competitiveness; on workers by analyzing the effect of environmental policy stringency on labor skills; and on the environment by analyzing the effect of regulation on air quality. STRICt will thus deliver a comprehensive analysis of the impact of regulation-induced technological change on all three pillars of sustainable development. The evidence will improve the acceptability of ambitious policies and the achievement of international goals connecting economic and environmental gains.
Nature, culture, sport without borders - Thematic itineraries in Slovenia, Friuli Venezia Giulia and Veneto

The project aims to define a cross-border tourist offer by joining different types of itineraries in the territorial areas involved. Specifically, the project aims at diversifying and integrating the tourist offer by connecting the three key tourist sectors of nature, culture and sports in one single cross-border context. In the light of the needs expressed by the territory - through a bottom-up approach and a strategic and scientific implementation - this project intends to give voice to the public and private actors who want to enhance and promote the thematic itineraries of the area (trails, cycling routes, other connecting structures). A single, common and clearly identifiable image of the Italian-Slovenian territory will thus be defined, by setting up a synergic network between partners. The initiative includes the identification and cataloguing of the common tourist attractions, the thematic itineraries and the actors operating in the area, a far-reaching territorial marketing strategy, a series of interventions to enhance, consolidate and upgrade connections and thematic itineraries that are significant from the naturalistic, cultural and social points of view.
Electrical and magnetic properties of La0.67Ba0.33Mn1−x (Me) x O3 perovskite manganites: case of manganese substituted by trivalent (Me = Cr) and tetravalent (Me = Ti) elements

The effects of non-magnetic Ti4+ substitution on the structural, electrical and magnetic properties of La0.67Ba0.33Mn1−x
 Ti
 x
 O3 (0≤x≤0.1) are investigated and compared to those existing in La0.67Ba0.33Mn1−x
 Cr
 x
 O3 (magnetic Cr3+). The structural refinement by the Rietveld method revealed that Ti-doped samples crystallize in the cubic lattice with space group $\mathrm{Pm}\bar{3}\mathrm{m}$
 , while samples with Cr crystallize in the hexagonal setting of the rhombohedral $\mathrm{R}\bar{3}\mathrm{C}$
 space group for identical contents of dopant. The most relevant structural features are an increase of the lattice parameters, of the cell volume and of the inter-ionic distances with increasing Ti doping level. Both series of samples show a decrease of the paramagnetic–ferromagnetic transition temperature when the amount of chromium or titanium increases. Transport measurements show that when increasing the metal doping, the resistivity increases whereas the metallic behavior of the parent compound La0.67Ba0.33MnO3 is destroyed. For a substitution higher than 5 at.% of Ti and 10 at.% of Cr, the samples exhibit a semiconducting behavior in the whole range of temperature, for which the electronic transport can be explained by variable range hopping and/or small polaron hopping models.
Historical Survey of Major Fires and Explosions in the Process Industries

An examination of the recent trend of losses in the industry is provided. The 20 largest industry losses since 1988 are examined with a brief discussion of the major impacts that occurred to the company or the industry as a result of the event. The lack of a comprehensive database or statistics by the US federal government that encapsulates all of the process industry incidents, analyzed for trends, root causes, etc., is highlighted. What effects these incidents have from the insurance industry and operating company perspectives are explored. A historical comprehensive listing of the major fire and explosion incidents in the process industries is provided for the years 1995 to 2013. A brief description of each incident is provided along with the financial and personal injuries that resulted.
Association between UGT 1A1 Gly71Arg (G71R) polymorphism and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in neonates and affects 60% of Asian newborn babies which is twice that found in Caucasians. These findings suggest that a genetic factor might be involved. Recently, a relationship between polymorphisms of the bilirubin uridine 5-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGTA1) gene and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia has been reported. It was demonstrated that the genetic variations cause a decrease in UGT1A1 activity in neonates, leading to an accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in serum. However in Asians the G to A missense mutations in the UGTA1 at nucleotide 211 (known as G71R), were the predominant findings. Therefore, the impact of this polymorphism on serum bilirubin in healthy Thai neonates is of interest.The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of UGT1A1 allele in healthy Thai neonates and to determine its role in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.A cross sectional study was conducted to investigate an association between the UGT1A1 G71R polymorphism and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Cord blood of 291 neonates was obtained to determine the gene frequency of UGT1A1 G71R by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. During the first 48 to 72 hours of the infants' life, the infants' blood was collected to measure their microbilirubin.PCR-RFLP analysis revealed the UGT1A1 G71R polymorphism in 42 infants (14.4%). In addition, six of this group (14.3%) had a microbilirubin level more than 95th percentile which was approximately 2.5 times more than those with the wild type allele (5.6%). The maximum microbilirubin level of infants in the R71 allele group was significantly higher than those in the G71 allele group, (11.79 +/- 3.34 mg/dL and 9.53 +/- 2.34 mg/dL, respectively p < 0.01).In the present study, the UGT1A1 G71R allele was found to be one of the risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Thai neonates.
Energy-efficient population coding constrains network size of a neuronal array system

We consider the open issue of how the energy efficiency of the neural information transmission process, in a general neuronal array, constrains the network size, and how well this network size ensures the reliable transmission of neural information in a noisy environment. By direct mathematical analysis, we have obtained general solutions proving that there exists an optimal number of neurons in the network, where the average coding energy cost (defined as energy consumption divided by mutual information) per neuron passes through a global minimum for both subthreshold and superthreshold signals. With increases in background noise intensity, the optimal neuronal number decreases for subthreshold signals and increases for suprathreshold signals. The existence of an optimal number of neurons in an array network reveals a general rule for population coding that states that the neuronal number should be large enough to ensure reliable information transmission that is robust to the noisy environment but small enough to minimize energy cost.
Understanding the role of parvalbumin interneuron development in schizophrenia using human cerebral organoids

Neuropsychiatric disorders account for 1/5 of the total disease burden in Europe causing mental anguish and decreased quality of life for those affected, especially for schizophrenia patients.  An intriguing theory suggests that altered brain development results in schizophrenia, and the selective cellular defects in parvalbumin (PV) inhibitory interneurons observed in schizophrenic patient brains.  However, the role of altered interneuron development in producing these pathophysiological hallmarks of schizophrenia is currently unknown due to a lack of cellular models of human interneuron development.  Cerebral organoids are a revolutionary in vitro model of embryonic brain development generating complex brain circuits and recapitulating many aspects of interneuron development.  The generation of organoid tissue from hiPSCs allows for the growth of patient-specific brain tissue.  Therefore, the current proposal will develop a cerebral organoid schizophrenia model to analyze PV-interneuron development.  First, cerebral organoids will be grown from patient-derived hiPSCs genetically modified to include a PV-GFP reporter.  Using this reporter, genome-wide PV-specific gene expression will be analyzed to identify deregulated developmental pathways during PV-interneuron development.  Second, a phenotypic analysis of PV-interneuron development will determine how PV-interneuron synaptic morphology and/or migration are altered in this cerebral organoid schizophrenia model.  These assays are relevant to disease-related pathology, and will include axonal morphological analysis and a novel organoid co-culture migration assay.  These results will determine the role of interneuron development in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disease for the first time in human tissue.  Understanding the developmental mechanisms of schizophrenia will address a major unmet therapeutic need by inspiring new avenues of innovative therapeutic strategies.
Speciation, sources, and fate of atmospheric organic phosphorus over the mediterranean sea: a missing piece of the p cycle?

Phosphorus is a critical nutrient affecting primary productivity in large areas in oceanic ecosystems. The principal source of externally supplied nutrients in many marine ecosystems is the atmospheric deposition. As the ocean is an important sink of atmospheric CO2, phosphorus through productivity limitation can indirectly affect global warming by removing more CO2 from the atmosphere. The importance of organic P as a potential pool of bioavailable P in the atmosphere is not widely recognized. It is important to note that the only available data in the literature are the atmospheric measurements of phosphate and total phosphorus, while there are almost no data about the organic P, especially over Mediterranean Sea (MS). The main goal of PHOSPHOTRAC is to shed light on the atmospheric organic P chemical identification and to test the hypothesis that the increased acidification of the atmosphere may significantly impact the bioavailability of organic P. PHOSPHOTRAC proposes new methodologies and modern instrumentation for the identification of organic P compounds in the atmosphere. Most of them are implemented for the first time in atmospheric samples, and they will provide new insights into a nutrient cycle of P in MS. Organic P-rich compounds of interest are DNA, RNA, ATP, phytic acid, phospholipids, degradation products of chemical weapons, organophosphate ester flame retardants and organophosphorous pesticides. Further identification of atmospheric organic P sources in the region will be performed by using the chemical analysis data of specific tracers (ergosterol, anhydrosugars, trace metals), with statistical analysis, and implementation of atmospheric transport model TM4-ECPL coupled with the thermodynamic model ISORROPIA-II. The proposed project is highly interdisciplinary as it combines analytical chemistry, biology, and atmospheric modeling in order to address a question of extreme ecological importance related to climate change in the MS.
Hypoglycaemia - redefining solutions for better lives

Diabetes is one of the most prevalent global non-communicable diseases, affecting  60 million people in Europe, 10% of whom with type 1 diabetes. Normalising elevated glucose levels decreases symptoms, prevents microvascular complications, improves cardiovascular health and saves lives, but creates a significant risk for hypoglycaemia when insulin treatment is required. Hypoglycaemia is a serious event associated with cognitive decline, reduced quality of life, cardiovascular events and mortality. Hypoglycaemia remains the principal barrier to achieve glucose levels necessary to prevent diabetic complications of chronic hyperglycaemia.
The overall objective of Hypo-RESOLVE is to alleviate the burden and consequences of hypoglycaemia, to be achieved by answering several key questions through a unique public-private partnership. Hypo-RESOLVE will construct secure sustainable databases with data from 100-150 clinical trials offering huge statistical power to establish the glucose threshold(s) below which hypoglycaemia constitutes a risk for poor outcomes in various populations. This will provide valuable input for an evidence based classification of hypoglycaemia to be adopted by regulators, patient organisations and other stakeholders, for application in future trials, the clinic and epidemiologic studies. The basic science and translational research line of Hypo-RESOLVE will advance our understanding on mechanisms underlying consequences of hypoglycaemia and explore novel pathways for the restoration of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia. Finally, we will determine the significance of CGM-detected low glucose and investigate psychological and economic impacts of hypoglycaemia to quantify the burden of hypoglycaemia both for the individual and next-of-kin, as well as for society.
Altogether, Hypo-RESOLVE will importantly further our knowledge of hypoglycaemia, (facilitate to) reduce its burden and contribute to a better life for patients with insulin-treated diabetes
Competing ultrafast photoinduced quenching reactions in cinnamic acid : peptide blends

This report focuses on the ultrafast photoinduced excited state dynamics of cinnamic acid : peptide blends, prototypical MALDI samples. We prepared thin homogeneous layers of closely spaced microcrystals using α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (α-CHC) and sinapinic acid (SA) as cinnamic acid (CA) derivatives and Angiotensin II (Ang II) as peptide. We applied spectrally and temporally resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and identified in these blends different ultrafast and strongly competing PL quenching mechanisms. [2+2] Photodimerization is a known ultrafast solid-state photoreaction in CA crystals. We show that—after sufficient illumination times—it also governs the PL dynamics of CA : peptide blends. In addition, the peptide admixture induces a new PL quenching pathway, which proceeds most probably via photoisomerization or via energy transfer to stereoisomers at the CA : peptide interface, i.e., at disorder sites inside the microcrystals or at their surface. For α-CHC : Ang II blends, we find a photodimerization rate of (20 ps)−1 and a quenching rate coefficient of 2.67 × 1015 s−1 mol−1 cm3 when adding the Ang II peptide. For SA : Ang II blends, the corresponding rates are even faster but the more remarkable feature is that the PL of the photoproduced stereoisomers is in turn quenched with increasing illumination time by the growing number of photodimers. Both photodimerization and peptide-induced quenching are obviously fast enough to compete with singlet–singlet annihilations even at typical MALDI fluences. We suggest that photoinduced ultrafast changes of the crystalline or molecular structure play a substantial role for the release of large molecular ions from MALDI substrates and are a common feature for UV-MALDI.
Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Risk Factors Associated with Progression

The increase in the volume of a traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (TICH) is a widely studied phenomenon that has a direct impact on the prognosis of patients. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with the progression of TICH. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1970 adult patients >15 years of age who were consecutively admitted after sustaining a closed severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) between January 1987 and November 2013 at a single center. Beginning in 2007, patients with moderate TBIs were also included. A total of 782 patients exhibited one or more TICH on the initial CT scan, and met the selection criteria. The main outcome variable was the presence or absence of progression of the TICH. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. Factors independently associated with the growth of TICH obtained through logistic regression included the following: an initial volume <5 cc (odds ratio [OR] 2.42, p<0.001), cisternal compression (OR 1.95, p<0.001), decompressive craniectomy (OR 2.18, p<0.001), age (mean 37.67 vs. 42.95 years; OR 1.01, p<0.001), falls as mechanism of trauma (OR 1.72, p=0.001), multiple TICHs (OR 1.56, p=0.007), and hypoxia (OR 1.56, p=0.02). TICH progression occurred with a frequency of 63% in our study. We showed that there was a correlation between TICH growth and some variables, such as multiple TICHs, a lower initial volume, acute subdural hematoma, cisternal compression, older patient age, hypoxia, falls, and decompressive craniectomy.
EIF4E REGULON-BASED DIAGNOSTICS

Provided are methods and compositions for the identification, diagnosis and monitoring of 4E regulon activity and for the discovery of agents that modulate 4E regulon activity. The methods, compositions and agents may be used alone, in combination with or in conjunction with other therapies for the detection and treatment of diseases wherein 4E regulon activity is dysfunctional, including cellular hypertrophy, cancer, and ischemia reperfusion.
Censimento preliminare della corrispondenza di Ulisse Aldrovandi

Il presente contributo intende offrire uno strumento per orientarsi all’interno della vasta e quasi totalmente inedita corrispondenza di Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605). Il corpus di oltre duemila lettere in italiano e in latino copre l’intero arco temporale delle attività intellettuali e istituzionali di Aldrovandi (1534–1604) e rappresenta uno degli esempi più significativi di mediazione tra diversi contesti socio-culturali nel XVI secolo. Oltre alla maggior parte delle lettere conservate presso la Biblioteca Universitaria di Bologna, si considerano anche altri nuclei preservati presso altre biblioteche e archivi italiani ed europei. Questo contributo presenta il primo censimento del carteggio di Aldrovandi in ordine cronologico, seguito da un elenco alfabetico dei suoi corrispondenti.
PROCESS FOR THE METALLURGICAL TREATMENT OF MOLTEN STEEL IN A CONVERTER WITH OXYGEN TOP BLOWN

this invention concerns a blowing lance and a procedure for the metallurgical treatment of molten steel in a converter with oxygen top blown over the molten steel. In order to monitor the treatment process the intention is for a temperature probe (21) to be integrated into the water-cooled lance head (2) behind the front end of the lance head (11a) and between the cooling chambers (5-10) formed in the lance head (2). The signal lines (26) of this temperature probe run through the lance body (1), more specifically, in a central protective pipe which has no connections to the cooling medium or to the oxygen conducting channels (15, 16, and 17).