SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Waveform Inversion with Well Constraints

Abstract The term, "Waveform inversion" (WFI), refers to a collection of techniques that use the information from seismic data to derive high-fidelity earth models for seismic imaging. The attractiveness of WFI lies mainly in its lack of approximations, at least in a theoretical sense, in contrast to other model determination techniques such as semblance or tomography. However, a whole raft of approximations must be made to make the technique viable with today'scomputing technology and restrictions of seismic acquisition. These are collectively referred to as "waveform inversion strategies" and in this paper we mainly discuss regularization and preconditioning strategies. Because the wavefields need to be accurately modeled to represent the kinematics of all the waves during WFI iterations, the effects of anisotropy often help to improve WFI results. In this paper, forward modeling and its adjoint computation are based on acoustic wave equations in vertical transversely isotropic (VTI)media. We introduce a multi-parameter inversion for P-wave velocity and anisotropy parameters. WFI is a highly nonlinear, ill-posed problem. We introduce additional information and turn the unconstrained optimization problem into a constrained optimization problem in order to reduce the ill-posedness. The geophysics of the problem leads to appropriate constraints, such as restriction of model parameters, or information from well logs. In this paper, we use well logs as constraints and solve the problem using the augmented Lagrangian method (ALM), a mathematical method that replaces a constrained optimization problem by a series of unconstrained problems. The ALM with well constraints aims at preserving velocity characteristics from welllogs and providing us with more reliable velocity updates. This paper presents the acoustic anisotropic WFI implementation using ALM with well constraints. It also discusses practical strategies for regularization and preconditioning and their influences on the models that are obtained from WFI. We illustrate these approaches on a 2D synthetic Marmousi example and another application to 3D VSOOBC data from the Green Canyon area of the Gulf of Mexico. From the results, we show that multi-parameter VTI WFI with ALM provides us with more useful and reliable model updates. To further evaluate our WFI results, we also compare offset gathers and RTM images and illustrate their significant improvement susing updated models generated from WFI.
S’ARDMUSIC — SÂ¿ARD NO MUNDO

ESTE PROJETO VISA FORTALECER O PROCESSO DE INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO JÁ EMPREENDIDO PELA ASSOCIAÇÃO, SEGUINDO AS INDICAÇÕES HOJE DISPONÍVEIS GRAÇAS ÀS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS E PLATAFORMAS DIGITAIS QUE, ATRAVÉS DO MONITORAMENTO DOS OUVINTES DE ALGUNS PRODUTOS DE GRAVAÇÃO NO CATÁLOGO SÂ¿ARD, TORNARAM POSSÍVEL IDENTIFICAR OPORTUNIDADES SIGNIFICATIVAS NO MERCADO HISPÂNICO. TRATA-SE, PORTANTO, DO MERCADO EM QUE PRETENDE FAZER VALER OS SEUS PRODUTOS DE IDENTIDADE CULTURAL A NÍVEL INTERNACIONAL.
Conserving our wildlife heritage: comparative biomechanics of feeding in native and introduced minks

The European mink (Mustela lutreola) is the second most threatened mammal in Europe. In the last decade, its population has been halved by habitat degradation and introduction of American Mink (Neovison vison) populations. This invasive species is larger and less habitat-restricted than the European mink. It is unclear whether dietary overlap occurs between these mink species, although skull morphology would suggest that the American mink has access to a wider variety of food items.
MINKS aims to compare the mechanical performance of the jaws in feeding to assess the range of potential foods and extent of dietary competition between both mink species. To accomplish this, MINKS will combine computer modelling techniques (iodine-enhanced microCT scans, finite element analysis (FEA)) with 3D geometric morphometric methods (3DGM) for statistical shape analysis. Differences in skull morphology between both mink species will be assessed, and the skull anatomy of each species will be 3D modelled and subjected to FEA, which will then be compared using 3DGM.
MINKS will pair the morphological and zoological expertise of the experienced researcher (ER) with the state-of-the-art facilities for morphometrics and virtual simulation at the Centre for Anatomical and Human Sciences (CAHS), University of York (UK). This will provide the ER with the opportunity to restart his academic career and develop into an independent researcher. MINKS represents the first 3D study on muscular architecture in carnivorans, and also the first application of CAHS’ whole-system-function methodology to the study of carnivoran anatomy. The results of this research will be applied to develop innovative target-specific solutions that allow controlling American mink populations, particularly in areas where the food items available increase the survivability of the European mink. These findings will be disseminated to mink conservation projects to inform conservation strategies.
Touch forbidden, consumption allowed: Counter-intuitive effects of touch restrictions on customers’ purchase behavior

In-store events are increasingly used to provide customers with unique shopping experiences. Although recent studies indicate that such events positively influence customers’ purchase intentions and store choice decisions, little is known about how customers respond to various in-store events. This paper investigates one type of in-store event that is frequently used in several food and non-food contexts. Specifically, the study investigates how an in-store product demonstration influences customers’ subsequent purchase behavior depending on whether they are restricted or encouraged to touch the products being demonstrated. An initial scenario-based experiment involving 35 undergraduates aimed to examine how people intuitively think that restricting (versus encouraging) touch during an in-store product demonstration would influence their subsequent purchase behavior. A two-way ANOVA with participant gender and experimental condition as the between-subjects factors consistently showed that people hold a lay theory that restricting touch should have a negative impact on the amount of money they spend and the number of products they purchase. A second field experiment involving 126 customers in a retail store aimed to investigate whether this lay belief is consistent with customers’ actual purchase behavior. Counter-intuitively, a two-way ANOVA with customer gender and experimental condition (touch restriction, touch encouragement) as the between-subjects factors revealed that restricting touch during an in-store product demonstration resulted in significantly more money being spent, a larger number of products being purchased, and more expensive products being purchased. These findings show that consumer lay theory can directly contradict customers’ actual purchase behavior.
Non-genomic action of beclomethasone dipropionate on bronchoconstriction caused by leukotriene C4 in precision cut lung slices in the horse

Glucocorticoids have been proven to be effective in the therapy of recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) in horses via systemic as well as local (inhalative) administration. Elective analysis of the effects of this drug on bronchoconstriction in viable lung tissue offers an insight into the mechanism of action of the inflammatory cascade occurring during RAO which is still unclear. The mechanism of action of steroids in treatment of RAO is thought to be induced through classical genomic pathways. We aimed at electively studying the effects of the glucocorticoid beclomethasone dipropionate on equine precision-cut lung slices (PCLS).PCLS were used to analyze ex-vivo effects of beclomethasone on inhibiting bronchoconstriction in the horse. The inhibiting effect was measured through instillation of a known mediator of inflammation and bronchoconstriction, leukotriene C4. For this, the accessory lobes of 13 horses subjected to euthanasia for reasons unrelated to the respiratory apparatus were used to obtain viable lung slices.After 30 minutes of PCLS incubation, beclomethasone showed to significantly inhibit the contraction of the bronchioles after instillation with leukotriene C4. The EC50 values of the two contraction curves (LTC4 with and without BDP) differed significantly from each other (p = 0.002). The possibility of a non-genomic rapid mechanism of action seems likely since transcriptional activities require a longer lag period.In human neuroendocrinology, high levels of glucocorticoids have been proven to function via a non-genomic mechanism of membrane receptors. The concentration of beclomethasone used on the lung slices in our study can be considered as high. This allows speculation about similar rapid non-genomic mechanisms of high-dosage inhaled glucocorticoids in the lower airways of horses. However, further assessment on a molecular basis is needed to confirm this.
Scalable online machine learning for predictive analytics and real-time interactive visualization

PROTEUS mission is to investigate and develop ready-to-use scalable online machine learning algorithms and interactive visualization techniques for real-time predictive analytics to deal with extremely large data sets and data streams. The developed algorithms and techniques will form a library to be integrated into an enhanced version of Apache Flink, the EU Big Data platform. PROTEUS will contribute to the EU Big Data area by addressing fundamental challenges related to the scalability and responsiveness of analytics capabilities. The requirements are defined by a steelmaking industrial use case. The techniques developed in PROTEUS are however, general, flexible and portable to all data stream-based domains. In particular, the project will go beyond the current state-of-art technology by making the following specific original contributions:
i) Real-time scalable machine learning for massive, high-velocity and complex data streams analytics;
ii) Real-time hybrid computation, batch data and data streams;
iii) Real-time interactive visual analytics for Big Data;
iv) Enhancement of Apache Flink, the EU Big Data platform; and
v) Real-world industrial validation of the technology developed
The PROTEUS impact is manifold: i) strategic, by reducing the gap and dependency from the US technology, empowering the EU Big Data industry through the enrichment of the EU platform Apache Flink; ii) economic, by fostering the development of new skills and new job positions and opportunities towards economic growth; iii) industrial, by considering real-world requirements from industry and by validating the outcome on an operational setting, and iv) scientific, by developing original hybrid and streaming analytic architectures that enable scalable online machine learning strategies and advanced interactive visualisation techniques that are applicable for general data streams in other domains.
FLOOR- AND WALL-COVERING ELEMENT

The invention relates to a floor- and wall-covering element of any size and with any peripheral configuration, which can be interconnected with other identical or similar elements. The invention is characterised in that the element consists of a layered body comprising: an upper or outer resistant layer based on ceramic, stoneware, marble, granite or another similar material; and a lower or rear layer based on a material having a high thermal/acoustic insulating coefficient, such as cork and polyurethane foam among others, said layers being joined by means of an adhesive substance.
The psychology of administrative burden

The burdens of dealing with administrative rules and red tape in government are a fact of life around the world, ranging from small hassles to heavy burdens in the form of stigmatizing processes of proving eligibility and facing potential sanctions. In light of the immense importance of such burdens for millions of people and for the effectiveness of benefit programs, we know surprisingly little about the conditions that give rise to experiences of burden. POAB combines and extends extant theory and uses a unique combination of experimental methods and data to explain how, why, and for whom administrative rules are experienced as burdensome.

POAB studies comprehensive rules regarding unemployment and social benefits and will provide novel register, physiological, and survey measures of welfare benefit recipients’ experiences of burden. I develop and test three theories to explain differences in experiences of burden: 1) How resource scarcity causes cognitive load and hence reduces the ability to cope with rules; 2) How self-efficacy increases the ability to cope with rules; and 3) How perceptions of being undeserving cause stigma and stress.

POAB analyses the causal impact of rules on burden. To this end, I use a unique combination of complementary experimental methods in political science: 1) Cross-national lab experiments with physiological measurement and manipulations of rules, scarcity, efficacy and deservingness perceptions; 2) Cross-national survey experiments to assess different aspects of rules in different contexts; 3) Quasi- and field experiments to assess the impact of rules on register measures of burdens in a real-world context.

POAB offers a fundamentally new interdisciplinary approach by bridging the gap between research on administrative burdens and psychological perspectives. The project’s output will provide profound knowledge of citizens’ experiences of burden and the inequalities in such experiences among recipients of major welfare benefits.
Freight and passengers sUpporting infomobiliTy systems for a sUstainable impRovEment of the competitiveness of port-hinterland systems of the MED area

The main idea of the project is to improve the competitiveness of port systems in the MED area by improving accessibility through technology and procedural innovations, and guaranteeing sustainability of transport. The idea focuses on the realization of interoperable management information systems (WP5) and on the reduction of externalities (WP6). The project addresses three strategic sectors: freight, passenger and touristic traffics. The project intends to define and implement, by means of concerted territorial actions and pilot projects, sustainable middle- and long-term development strategies. These will be focused: - on the removal of the current barriers concerning accessibility of ports (seaside and landside) - on the integration of ports with the hinterland - on the development of logistics activities and intermodal transport connected with ports - on the development of infomobility aiming at fostering attractiveness and making port system more efficient - on the specialization of port systems. Specifically, the project intends to make freight and passenger flows seamless by means of experimental activities and pilot projects concerning interoperable information systems which integrate port systems with inland logistics infrastructures (e.g. dryports) and with transport and service operators. Such information systems will make benefit of the existing national ICT platforms and will be finalized to define the blueprint of an integrated one-stop-shop system transferable to all the MED area, composed of a specialized freight transport management system and a specialized passenger and touristic management system. Such a system will involve the harmonization of data, in terms of structure, gathering and interpretation, in all the MED area. Specific applications will be developed: - A dynamic system for the real-time management of freight and passenger flows, aiming at identifying actions to remove congestion and bottlenecks in the interface between ports and related territories (specifically ports included in cities). - Solutions to digitalize intra-EU port-to-port and port-to-operators communications related to bureaucratic duties (e.g. Customs). - Solutions to enable visibility along the transport chain for the operators. - Solutions for specific supply chain (e.g. agro-food). FUTUREMED will also be setting up an Observatory whose mission is to gather already existing initiatives and solutions, couple them with the technical developments of the project and create governance procedures and sustainability after the project life cycle. Specific and thematic stakeholders platforms will support the project team to develop valuable and sustainable solutions which will be tested in pilots, and will be disseminated and capitalized also by means of the Observatory after the project timeframe.
Biochar Application to Soil

Biochar is increasingly being recognized by scientists and policy makers for its potential role in carbon sequestration, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy, waste mitigation, and as a soil amendment. The published reviews on biochar application to soil have so far focused mainly on the agronomic benefits, and have paid little attention to the potential unintended effects. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a balanced perspective on the agronomic and environmental impacts of biochar amendment to soil. The chapter highlights the physical and chemical characteristics of biochar, which can impact on the sorption, hence efficacy and biodegradation, of pesticides. As a consequence, weed control in biochar-amended soils may prove more difficult as preemergent herbicides may be less effective. Since biochars are often prepared from a variety of feedstocks (including waste materials), the potential introduction of contaminants needs to be considered before land application. Metal contaminants, in particular, have been shown to impact on plant growth, and soil microbial and faunal communities. Biochar has also been shown to influence a range of soil chemical properties, and rapid changes to nutrient availability, pH, and electrical conductivity need to be carefully considered to avoid unintended consequences for productivity. This chapter highlights some key areas of research which need to be completed to ensure a safe and sustainable use of biochar. In particular, understanding characteristics of biochars to avoid ecotoxicological impacts, understanding the effects of biochar on nutrient and contaminant behavior and transport, the effects of aging and the influence of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions on key properties are some of the areas that require attention.
Leveraging data to change industry paradigms

Much of the conversation on big is centered on data technologies and analytics platforms and how established companies apply them. While those technologies and platforms are certainly very important for industry incumbents, data analytics is also often a key building block for new start-up entrants looking to disrupt industry verticals. In many cases, the best examples of novel applications of data to create new services and competitive advantage require a complete rethinking of organizational design in order to create feedback loops and rethink cost structures. The company I founded, SignalFire is applying data for competitive advantage in my own industry, venture capital, but there are myriad examples of this trend across industries such as transportation, financial services, retail, media and many other markets. In this talk, I will discuss how we analyze these trends as venture capitalists and will look at a few case studies of specific companies leveraging data to innovate in their industries.
Research on the Influence of Stations' Distance in High-accuracy GPS Satellite Clock Offset Estimation

In the estimation of GPS satellites' clock offset,the design matrix of clock offset parameters is often considered independent with the geometric distribution of observation stations,as it has nothing to do with the coordination of the stations.However,in the high-accuracy estimation of clock offset,the troposphere delay has to estimate together,the design matrix of troposphere parameter is dependent with the observation stations,so the influence of geometric distribution of observation stations on accuracy must be taken into acc-ount.In this paper,we analyzed the influence of different observation stations distributions(from 50 km to 1 000 km) on satellite's clock offset estimation based on the PANDA software.The result shows that,when the distance between stations is shorter than 200km,the correlation of troposphere parameter and satellite clock offset parameter is strong,the accuracy of satellite clock offset estimation will be up to 0.8 ns;when the distance between stations is up to 500 km,as the correction of troposphere parameter and satellite clock offset parameter is significantly reduced,and the two kinds of parameters can be distinguished.
Periodismo de datos contra desinformación. Competencias, perfiles y formación requerida en el periodismo de datos

En un contexto de desinformación, el periodismo de datos puede devolver a la profesión capacidad de intermediación en el espacio público. Este trabajo persigue delimitar las competencias profesionales y la formación requerida para que los futuros periodistas puedan ejercer esta especialización. Partimos de una investigación previa sobre la oferta académica oficial en periodismo en España, que constata la escasez de asignaturas relacionadas. Un nuevo análisis del RUCT revela pequeños avances, especialmente en los estudios de postgrado, y en lo referido a la visualización. Obtenido este resultado, recabamos a través de un focus group la visión de un conjunto representativo de profesionales. Distinguen entre las competencias más demandadas las relativas a acceso y descarga de datos, así como a su presentación, destacando los conocimientos en estadística y programación. Abogan por un perfil híbrido, que combine el saber humanístico con el manejo de la tecnología, acorde con las lógicas de producción digital.
Balancing social equity and biodiversity outcomes in protected area management.

We are in the midst of the earth’s sixth mass extinction and the search for effective conservation solutions has never been more pressing. In recent years the model for nature conservation has changed, deeply embedding safe-guarding livelihoods and maximising equity within the missions of most conservation organisations. Re-focusing conservation in this way is based on the assumption that more socially equitable conservation will be both more acceptable to stakeholders, thereby reducing the likelihood of conflict with conservationists, and ultimately more effective in protecting biodiversity. That is the key hypothesis which will be tested in this fellowship.
To achieve this I will address three key research objectives: 1) To devise a metric of equity in protected area governance and assess under which conditions protected area governance can be considered most equitable; 2) To explore how variation in equity in protected area governance influences acceptability of the protected area; and 3) To uncover how variation in equity in protected area governance relates with good biodiversity outcomes. I will meet these objectives through: 1) the development of an index of equity based on up-to-date theory and using protected area management plans; 2) a review of conflicts around protected areas and how these relate to equity in the governance of protected areas; and 3) large-scale spatial analyses of protected area effectiveness and forest change in relation to equity. 
While working in leading European research groups and gaining excellent training in interdisciplinary theory and up-to-date analytical methods, I will: (1) improve knowledge of outcomes of protected area management using recently available data sets; (2) provide conservationists with guidance for the design of protected area management plans; and (3) help the implementation of European Directives by providing a framework to design and analyse effectiveness of conservation measures.