SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
European stratospheric balloon observatory design study

Following the findings of the H2020-funded ORISON project, we propose the design and development of a new European astronomical research infrastructure for stratospheric balloon-based telescopes. Our approach is to provide a versatile community-accessible observatory capable of covering unserved scientific needs, including those of star- and planet formation studies and exoplanet research. These are particularly associated with requirements for high spatial and spectral resolution far-infrared (FIR) observations, high sensitivity UV observations, and highly accurate visible light photometry. To a certain extent, these needs could also be addressed by space missions. A balloon infrastructure, however, will offer a more cost-efficient and flexible approach, allowing instruments more adaptable to evolving needs (exchangeable and less risk-adverse), longer overall observation times (possibility to refill cooling fluids), and larger mirror sizes (less severe launcher restrictions). So far, stratospheric telescopes, with the exception of SOFIA, have mostly served a single purpose and did not fly more than a few times. The proposed infrastructure, in contrast, will provide regular flights, allowing it to operate as a true observatory.
The infrastructure will be prepared in two parts within the project:
1) Conceptualization of the full distributed infrastructure with several flight platforms, including a suitable governance and operating structure for long-term operations and development. These will build upon a highly sensitive UV platform and lead to a next-generation FIR platform with unprecedented spatial resolution. A development roadmap will summarize the necessary development steps and funding needs.
2) Technical demonstration of the manageability and safe recovery of a versatile high-performance astronomical balloon mission via a prototype carrying a next-generation UV-detector and a visible light camera for photometric tests.
A cost effective, smart, calibration free, low maintenance ph sensor providing an integrated approach to monitoring sea and drinking water, facilitating improvements in ocean, animal and human health.

The objective of the pHenom project is to produce the next generation pH sensor capable of accurate, calibration free and
smart operation, with integral quality and control. Development and commercialisation of this smart sensor, named the
“pHenom” will provide a revolutionary pH sensor that meets the ocean monitoring and water management needs. Beyond
the ocean monitoring and water management industries, the global pH meter market is expected to reach nearly £1.48 bn by
2022. The pH meter market is segmented into bench top (55% share - £815m), portable, and continuous pH meters. pHims
technology can deliver to all three and has the potential to meet a wide range of needs within the segments; pharmaceuticals
and biotechnology, food science (41% share), water and waste treatment, research institutes and environmental control
boards. Despite US dominance, in 2014, Europe was the highest revenue generating region at 32% due to the high level of
R&D activities, advanced healthcare, and industrial infrastructure. Drivers are new technology (microprocessors for auto
temperature and pressure compensation), growing health concerns and regulatory pressure to monitor environmental
pollution (waste water pH in industries such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, food processing) and the need to regulate pH
levels (routine testing of soil, water, food, beverage, and dairy products). The objective of this feasibility study is to carry out
activities that enable the provision of a comprehensive feasibility report with conclusions, recommendations and a
specification of the Phase 2 project objectives, together with a detailed marketing and business plan for the development
and commercialisation of pHims.
Inwaterman - Sustainable Management of the Water Resources

Context:
Sicily owns a cultural heritage and unique landscape and is characterized by its richness of varieties.  The natural resources are scarce but man has learned to develop them and consequently to make fair and sustainable use of them.  The actions for the protection of environment that have been put in evidence in these past years indicate an increased knowledge and environmental consciousness, even though much still remains to be done.  The natural landscape has changed much in these last years, caused by phenomena of massive industrialization, illicit factories, hydrogeological  crisis, deforestation and considerable spreading of cultivation in green houses.
 Aims:
The principle aims of the project are:
.          Exchanges of experiences on integrated management of the water resources;
.           Definition of the present state of the existing water systems on the island of Malta and in the Province of Ragusa and analysis of the major anthropogenic pressures that such resources are forced to undergo;
.         Technical economical estimations relating to the application of the European rules for the management of waters;
.         The potential use of purified waste water and analysis of structural and non-structural for their use.
New directions in guaranteed estimation of nonlinear dynamic systems and their applications to chemical engineering problems

The technique of guaranteed estimation promises a revolutionary step to how industrial process managers build, handle and adapt the prediction mathematical models. These are used to monitor the equipment operating regimes, to train the 
operating personnel and are also exploited to steer the plants' behavior towards the most profitable or the most resource-
efficient modes. Advantages of guaranteed estimation come from the fact that no unnecessary assumptions must be made 
regarding the quality and measurement-error distribution of the sensed data, which establishes an increased reliability of the
obtained estimation results. The work on this project develops the essential parts of guaranteed estimation techniques for
real-world exploitation. We focus on the estimation of parameters of the nonlinear dynamic models while combining the
estimation with model validation principles and while creating a hybrid estimation technique that enjoys the advantages of
both guaranteed estimation and conventional approaches. In order to drive the operation of the plant, here we focus on the
plants of chemical industry, to an efficient working regime, the technology of optimal and robust control is required. Our
project builds upon the developments of robust control and develops novel optimal robust control techniques that incorporate
the information on guaranteed estimates into the actions, i.e. manipulations of the plants' degrees of freedom. As a result, a
safe, reliable and resource-efficient operation is established. The theoretical developments of the project are implemented
into a software package and released as an open-source project such that the collaboration with academia and industrial
stakeholders is fostered. A demonstration on a pilot plant is also planned to showcase the benefits of developed techniques
in the real-world environment. A sound dissemination plan of the project ensures that the project reaches its target audience.
Public debt, Sovereign Risk and Sustainable Development of Romania

The rapid increase in the government debt under the circumstances of the global crisis persistence and financial markets volatility raises the need for a new approach of public debt sustainability, including for Romania. Despite more intense contagion effects according to global markets connectivity, the importance of country specificity in the assessment of sovereign risk, which is decisive in dimensioning the borrowing costs, has grown. In the case of Romania, a sharp deterioration of its fiscal framework strength has been observed during post-crisis period, the public debt-to-GDP ratio currently reaching around 40%, thus doubling as compared to 2008. The structural analysis of government debt portfolio highlighted the main drivers of excessive public indebtedness and the increase in refinancing (rollover) risk on short term, which is supposed to overlap with the exchange rate and interest rate risks on medium and long term. Several indicators of Romania's debt sustainability are already on the warning levels edge which requires appropriate policies focusing on economic growth recovery, fiscal consolidation ongoing, increasing capacity of generating budgetary revenues, public debt management improvement. Maintaining the financial stability and the investment grade of sovereign risk are decisive for the development of Romania on a sustainable path.
Decision supporting tools for implementation of cost-efficient railway noise abatement  measures

DESTINATE aims to develop tools and methodologies for railway noise simulation and cost-benefit analysis of mitigation actions of interior and exterior noise. For accurate noise prediction it is essential to characterize the structure-borne and airborne sound sources accurately in order to create valid input for sound prediction simulation models. The calculated interior and exterior noise can be auralised and visualised in a studio to evaluate the sound quality and sound comfort of potential mitigation measures in the vehicle design process. Auralisation and visualisation of noise can be used to assess the annoyance reduction of a given measure. Thus human perception is adequately taken into account. For decision-making the cost of different design options is a very important parameter. DESTINATE aims to further develop cost effectiveness prediction and thus create the foundation for powerful tools to support decision-making on noise & vibration mitigation measures.
Effectiveness of drought tolerance indices to identify tolerant genotypes in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

In order to assess efficiency of drought tolerance indices, 50 bread wheat genotypes were evaluated under three environments: normal (clay fertile soil, E1), 100% (E2), and 50% (E3) field water capacity in sandy calcareous soil. A total of 14 drought tolerance indices including grain yield/plant, grain yield/spike, 1000-kernel weight, spike length, no. of tillers, plant height, flowering time, stomata frequency, stomata width, stomata length, drought susceptibility index (DSI), stress tolerance index (STI), yield stability index (YSI), and harmonic mean (HM) were estimated. A moderate to high broad-sense heritability was obtained for 1000-kernel weight (0.47), spike length (0.38), plant height (0.54), flowering time (0.73), stomata frequency (0.59), and stomata length (0.54). Grain yield/plant was strongly positively correlated with grain yield/spike, no. of tillers, plant height, flowering time, stomata length, STI, YSI, and HM, while negatively correlated with stomata frequency and DSI in E2 and E3, respectively. Thus, highly heritable traits strongly correlated with grain yield under stress conditions especially stomata frequency and length could be used as reliable indices for selecting high-yielding genotypes tolerant to drought stress. Cluster analysis based on morpho-physiological traits suggested the group 3 genotypes in E2 as the most tolerant genotypes to be used for developing improved varieties.
Financing impact on regional development of cultural heritage valorisation

Cultural heritage is a shared resource and a common good. Like other such goods it can be vulnerable to over-exploitation and under-funding, which can result in neglect, decay and, in some cases, oblivion. Looking after our heritage is, therefore, our common responsibility. Protection of cultural heritage in the face of global change is thus becoming a major concern for decision-makers, stakeholders and citizens in Europe. Financing investments in heritage has a direct impact on growth and a considerable potential for creating new jobs, which leads to long-term social and economic benefits. The EU's cohesion policies can be instrumental in promoting the valorisation of cultural heritage, that’s why seven European regions have decided to join their efforts to face the challenge of conservation, restoration, valorisation and management of cultural heritage with the involvement of private actors. This will allow to enhance cultural heritage exploitation while also assuring itsconservation in a dynamic and productive perspective, attracting and incubating new activities, revitalising already existing ones, improving people general wellness and assuring environmental sustainability.
FINCH project will help partner regions in improving their policies in this field. It will support the implementation of light financial instruments targeted to private actors and  Public-Private Partnerships to enable local and regional policies move towards more sustainable models of cultural heritage valorization. The project will benefit from the diversity of approaches and experiences within the partnership, through a policy learning process based on exchange of practices and experiences; overcome the gaps among partners, through transfer of knowledge and mutual learning; jointly elaborate and implement Regional Action Plans which will have long lasting economic and social impact on cultural heritage valorisation activities in all partner regions.
Impact ofPNPLA3polymorphisms on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

The PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G polymorphism (encoding for I148M) has recently been identified as a susceptibility factor for steatosis-mediated liver damage. We evaluated the influence of this polymorphism on hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection.We genotyped the rs738409 single nucleotide polymorphism in 358 hepatitis C-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and correlated the age at onset of HCC and the interval between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and the development of HCC in patients with each genotype.The frequencies of CC, CG and GG genotypes were 27.9% (100/358), 49.2% (176/358) and 22.9% (82/358), respectively, and were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The median age at onset of HCC for the GG genotype was significantly younger compared to for non-GG genotypes (67.81 vs 69.87 years, P < 0.001), and the median interval between HCV infection and the development of HCC was significantly shorter in patients with the GG genotype (39.96 vs 40.85 years, P = 0.008). PNPLA3 GG genotype was also associated with a higher aspartate aminotransferase level (69.5 vs 59.0 IU/L, P = 0.02), lower prothrombin time (73.0% vs 78.0%, P = 0.008) and a higher prevalence of histological steatosis (40.0% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.01) at the time of HCC onset.The PNPLA3 genotype GG may be associated with accelerated hepatocarcinogenesis in CHC patients through increased steatosis in the liver.
Equity market integration: the new emerging economy of Montenegro

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the level of capital market integration between the Montenegrin stock market and a number of European Union (EU) countries and the USA. Design/methodology/approach – The authors use an equity data set at the daily frequency from 12 countries and 4 broad regions, spanning the period from March 2003 to September 2008. They investigate long-run and short-run dynamics using cointegration techniques, Granger causality tests and vector error correction models. Findings – The authors provide evidence for the existence of a long-run equilibrium between Montenegro and the developed countries of Western Europe and the USA. The investigation of short-run dynamics reveals that Montenegro follows an autonomous path, influenced mainly by domestic developments. Originality/value – This is the first study on the Montenegrin stock market which has been neglected by the academic community. Montenegro’s accession in the EU is imminent; thus the study of the level of its integration with the rest of EU countries, before its actual accession, is useful for regulators and policymakers. Various lessons of a more general nature can also be drawn from the analysis of this paper.
Car Sharing and governance

The project is focused on the promotion of car sharing, which means the sharing of a private vehicle between groups of people, in order to reduce transport costs and develop a sustainable mobility. Actually, the occupation rate of vehicle is close to 1, contributing to the saturation of the traffic and pollution. The main objective of the project is to sustain the car sharing integrating it in other forms of mobility. 
The specific objectives of “Co&Go” are, from one hand individualize and realise some efficient and reproducible models of promotion and experimentation of car sharing for diverse targets and diverse territorial contexts (urban/periurbain areas, mountains ….); from another hand adopted process of governance guided and controlled by territorial and competent administrations, reproducible on other territories. 
Main recipients of the car sharing are commuters who move often to reach their working place, students, people travelling toward health centres, people going to events or touristic places. The car sharing reduces the number of displacements effectuated by car, and therefore reduce the emissions and energetic consumption.  
As other sectors of the shared economy, the diffusion of this practice is lined to an innovative process of a cultural, social and technologic type. It’s a challenge for which the project will use the best practices realized at national and international level.
An Analysis and Comparison of Four Rotations Pour Marimba, A Solo Marimba Suite, by Eric Sammut

Four Rotations Pour Marimba (1996) by Eric Sammut has become one of the most important marimba compositions in serious concert solo marimba literature. Four Rotations Pour Marimba is a suite of four short pieces; each of them demonstrates a different musical character while incorporating similar compositional components and techniques. The goal of this thesis project is to create a stylistic analysis for providing the concert marimbist with insight into the interpretation of these four pieces and also giving composers a more in-depth understanding of Sammut's compositional method. This thesis includes a formal analysis and comparisons of compositional elements used in Four Rotations. A brief biography of Sammut and historical significance of Four Rotations Pour Marimba are also included.
Deleterious effects of roving on learned tasks

• Roving deteriorates experts’ performance. • Roving has no impact on novice’s performance. • Only stimuli that hinder perceptual learning in roving situations deteriorate performance. In typical perceptual learning experiments, one stimulus type (e.g., a bisection stimulus offset either to the left or right) is presented per trial. In roving, two different stimulus types (e.g., a 30′ and a 20′ wide bisection stimulus) are randomly interleaved from trial to trial. Roving can impair both perceptual learning and task sensitivity. Here, we investigate the relationship between the two. Using a bisection task, we found no effect of roving before training. We next trained subjects and they improved. A roving condition applied after training impaired sensitivity.
Techno-economic analysis of hybrid PV/T systems for process heat using electricity to subsidize the cost of heat

Abstract Process heat applications make up a large potential market for renewable energy. Concentrated solar thermal (CST) systems are capable of reaching temperatures necessary for a wide variety of industrial and commercial applications but are often overlooked due to the difficulty of competing with natural gas. Novel hybrid photovoltaic/thermal systems (PV/T) are capable of simultaneously generating electricity and heat. The electricity produced is of higher value and offsets the lifetime cost of the system by producing a cost savings to the facility, ultimately making solar heat competitive with natural gas, propane, coal, and other fuels. An economic model that utilizes the electricity savings as part of the cash flow within the levelized cost of energy equation is presented here. We further determine the sensitivity of PV/T system costs to technical, financial, and geographical parameters. A dish concentrator PV/T (CPV/T) system with a transmissive CPV array is used as a reference system for sensitivity analysis. Through design choices informed by this new modeling approach, the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) is shown to be competitive with natural gas in up to 6 states within the United States and can be reduced to a minimum of −1.4 ¢/kWh th in Hawaii by factoring in the electricity savings from additional energy generated by the transmissive CPV module. Competitiveness in select global regions is also considered. Further examination of several other geometries of PV/T systems with this model, for an installation in California, shows that flat plate collectors with waste heat recovery result in the lowest LCOH of 1.23 ¢/kWh th .
A fast non-intrusive method for estimating spatial thermal contact conductance by means of the reciprocity functional approach and the method of fundamental solutions

Abstract Thermal contact conductance is very important in many heat transfer applications, such as electronic packaging, nuclear reactors, aerospace and biomedicine, among others. The determination of the thermal contact resistance/conductance is a very difficult task. The objective of this paper is to present a methodology to estimate the spatial variation of this parameter without intrusive measurements. The methodology presented is formulated in terms of a reciprocity functional approach together with the method of fundamental solutions. The solution is composed of two steps. In the first step, two auxiliary problems, which do not depend on the thermal conductance variation, are solved. With the results of this pre-processing, different thermal conductances can be recovered by simply performing an integral. Thus, the methodology is extremely fast and can be used to detect flaws in different materials in a short time.
Cost Analysis and Provider Satisfaction With Pediatrician in Triage

The goals of this study were to (1) conduct a cost-benefit analysis, from a hospital's perspective, of using a pediatrician in triage (PIT) in the emergency department (ED) and (2) assess the impact of a physician in triage on provider satisfaction.This was a prospective, controlled trial of PIT (intervention) versus conventional registered nurse-driven triage (control), at an urban, academic, tertiary level pediatric ED, which led to a cost-benefit analysis by looking at the effect that PIT has on length of stay (LOS) and thus on ED revenue. Provider satisfaction was assessed through surveys.During the 8-week study period, a total of 6579 patients were triaged: 3242 in the PIT group and 3337 in the control group. The 2 groups were similar in age, sex, admission rate, left-without-being-seen rate, and level of acuity. The mean LOS in the PIT group was 24.3 minutes shorter than in the control group. The costs of PIT seem to be increased and are not offset by savings; the net margin (total revenue minus costs) was $42,883 per year lower in the PIT than in the control group. Sensitivity analysis showed that if the LOS were reduced by more than 98.4 minutes, the cost savings would favor PIT. Most of the physicians and nurses (67%) reported that PIT facilitated their job.Placement of a PIT during periods of peak census resulted in shorter stay and notable provider satisfaction but at an incremental cost of $42,883 per year.