SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
A CRISE DO SISTEMA PRISIONAL NO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA

O sistema prisional brasileiro em especial o no estado de Rondônia vivência situação calamitosa, com a transformação dos presídios em locais de tortura e violação sistemática dos direitos fundamentais do apenado pelo próprio Estado. Desse modo busca-se investigar em que medida cabe ao Poder Judiciário exercer seu controle sobre a administração pública dos estabelecimentos prisionais, com o fim de assegurar o respeito aos direitos fundamentais dos presos. A pergunta que surge e, se diante da omissão da administração pública, pode um juiz adentrar a esfera decisória tipicamente atribuída àquela, impondo-lhe o cumprimento de ações concretas em prol do sistema prisional, como a construção e a reforma de unidades penitenciárias, com o objetivo de concretizar as promessas constitucionais de proteção dos direitos essenciais e da dignidade humana dos indivíduos privados de liberdade. A importância dessa pesquisa se intervem prontamente da gravíssima situação em que se encontram as prisões brasileiras e do descaso das autoridades públicas em relação a elas. Desse modo, é premente a busca de soluções para as reiteradas violações dos direitos fundamentais dos presos, que acabam por despi-los de sua dignidade humana e, muitas vezes, por ceifar-lhes a própria vida. Além disso, a gravidade da crise acaba por reduzir as leis aplicáveis e a própria Constituição a meras declarações desprovidas de autoridade e vinculatividade, e por retroalimentar um ciclo perpétuo de violência e criminalidade que aflige a sociedade brasileira como um todo.
China's Missile Forces

China's nuclear arsenal has long been an enigma. It is a small force, based almost exclusively on land-based ballistic missiles, maintained at a low level of alert and married to a no-first-use doctrine – all choices that would seem to invite attack in a crisis. Chinese leaders, when they have spoken about nuclear weapons, have articulated ideas that sound odd to the Western ear. Mao Zedong's oft-quoted remark that ‘nuclear weapons are a paper tiger’ seems to be bluster or madness. China's nuclear forces are now too important to remain a mystery. Yet Westerners continue to disagree about basic factual information concerning one of the world's most important nuclear-weapons states. This Adelphi book documents and explains the evolution of China's nuclear forces in terms of historical, bureaucratic and ideological factors. There is a strategic logic at work, but that logic is mediated through politics, bureaucracy and ideology. The simplest explanation is that Chinese leaders, taken as a whole, have tended ...
Fostering sustainable feedstock production for advanced biofuels on underutilised land in europe

Sustainable bioenergy production and use in the EU should be further developed in order to support Member States (MS) achieving 20-20-20 targets and foster rural development as set out in EIP AGRI. FORBIO will demonstrate the viability of using land in MSs for non-food bioenergy feedstock production without interfering with the production of food or feed, nor with land currently used for recreational and/or conservational purposes. Competition with other uses of the land is only one component of the sustainability of bioenergy and a number of cross-cutting environmental, social and economic aspects may present challenges to the extended deployment of these value chains, while assuring that biofuel sustainability standards are met. FORBIO will develop a methodology to assess bioenergy production potential on available “underutilised lands” in Europe (contaminated, abandoned, fallow land, etc.) at national and local level. In addition, in this context the project will provide multiple feasibility studies in selected case study locations in three countries that that aim to set the basis for building up local bioenergy value chains that meet the highest sustainability standards and improve efficiency and sustainability of those already available in the case study sites through the provision of roadmaps for bioenergy development.
Speech and orofacial apraxias in Alzheimer's disease

ABSTRACT Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects not only memory but also other cognitive functions, such as orientation, language, praxis, attention, visual perception, or executive function. Most studies on oral communication in AD focus on aphasia; however, speech and orofacial apraxias are also present in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of speech and orofacial apraxias in patients with AD with the hypothesis that apraxia severity is strongly correlated with disease severity. Methods: Ninety participants in different stages of AD (mild, moderate, and severe) underwent the following assessments: Clinical Dementia Rating, Mini-Mental State Examination, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, a specific speech and orofacial praxis assessment, and the oral agility subtest of the Boston diagnostic aphasia examination. Results: The mean age was 80.2±7.2 years and 73% were women. Patients with AD had significantly lower scores than normal controls for speech praxis (mean difference=−2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI)=−3.3 to −2.4) and orofacial praxis (mean difference=−4.9, 95% CI=−5.4 to −4.3). Dementia severity was significantly associated with orofacial apraxia severity (moderate AD: β=−19.63, p=0.011; and severe AD: β=−51.68, p &lt; 0.001) and speech apraxia severity (moderate AD: β=7.07, p = 0.001; and severe AD: β= 8.16, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Speech and orofacial apraxias were evident in patients with AD and became more pronounced with disease progression.
Reading the genetic history of parchment manuscripts.

Medieval texts are a window into the monastic world and an integral part of European written history. Most of our current understanding of the processes of codex construction comes from the careful examination of the clues to manufacture on the object itself, the practice of codicology. Increasingly scholars are interested in the material qualities of the book. How and why were the decisions on the selection of materials made? Recent advances in analytical methods are broadening the reach of codicology in unexpected ways and enabling these questions to be addressed. The SCRIBE project is at the forefront of this burgeoning field of molecular codicology, having developed and implemented an exciting new minimally destructive DNA sampling technique, derived from routine parchment conservation practice. SCRIBE will further implement this method to generate two novel high throughput genomic datasets from parchment manuscripts. Firstly the materiality of the manuscripts will be described by assessing the genetic relationship between the animals used to complete the codices. Secondly SCRIBE will be the first study to combine high throughput metagenomic techniques and novel bioinformatic approaches to a large sample size of documents in multiple archives to look at the microbial fingerprints of parchments, to complement their provenance and curation.
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGISCHE LÖSUNGEN FÜR DAS MANAGEMENT VON ALUMINIUM UND DESSEN PROZESSEN

VERBESSERUNG DER GESCHÄFTSPROZESSE UND VERBESSERUNG DER FÄHIGKEIT, NEUE MÄRKTE DURCH DIE EINFÜHRUNG INNOVATIVER TECHNOLOGISCHER LÖSUNGEN FÜR DEN BETRIEB INTEGRIERTER INFORMATIONSSYSTEME ZU DURCHDRINGEN. DIE NEUE IKT-PLATTFORM WIRD MIT WERKSEIGENEN SYSTEMEN MIT FERNBELADUNG VON ANWEISUNGEN UND/ODER TEILENPROGRAMM VERBUNDEN SEIN UND INFORMATIONEN MIT INTERNEN SYSTEMEN AUSTAUSCHEN (E.G.: MANAGEMENTSYSTEM, PLANUNGSSYSTEME, PR-DESIGN- UND ENTWICKLUNGSSYSTEME
A dissected ring current model for assessing magnetic aromaticity: A general approach for both organic and inorganic rings

A model based on classical electrodynamics is used to measure the strength of ring currents of different molecular orbitals, i.e., σ- and π-orbitals, and characteristics of ring current loops, i.e., ring current radii and height of current loops above/below the ring planes, among a number of organic as well as inorganic molecules. For the π-current, the present model represents an improvement of previous approaches to determine ring current intensity. It is proven that the present model is more precise than previous models as they could not explain presence of the minimum in the plot of NICS(πzz) versus distance close to the ring plane. Variations in the charge of molecules and the types of constituent atoms of each species affect the ring current radii of both σ- and π-current loops as well as the height of π-current loops above/below the ring plane. It is suggested that variation in the distribution of the one-electron density in different systems is the main source of differences of the ring current characteristics.
Development of a semi-artificial chloroplast

The transition to a green and sustainable energy-based economy is one of the most critical challenges of our society. In this line, the production of chemicals and fuels from renewable energy, CO2 and water as primary feedstocks is an attractive alternative to solve the increasing worldwide demand for resources. Taking inspiration from Natural Photosynthesis, where sunlight energy is stored into chemical bonds producing only O2 as a by-product, an appealing approach is the use of sunlight as a driving force to produce renewable fuels from CO2 and water using artificial photosynthesis (AP). Unfortunately, efficient CO2 reduction and water oxidation (WO) remain bottlenecks in the development of efficient AP. Particularly challenging is the selective CO2-reduction due to the number of accessible reaction pathways with a similar thermodynamic reduction potential. The current proposal aims to develop a semiartificial photosynthetic system to revolutionise solar fuel production taking the advantages of both biologic (selectivity and low energy barriers due to structural complexity) and synthetic molecular systems (efficiency and straightforward modification and study) and overcome the limitations of both worlds themselves. This is a unique approach where the combination of natural enzymes with artificial systems (metal catalysts, light absorbers and synthetic membranes) will lead to new solar-fuel production schemes not achievable by natural or molecular catalysts alone. As such, SmArtC aims to embed Photosystem II (PSII), in a membrane of a liposome and couple its WO activity with the photocatalytic CO2-reduction-to-methane reactivity of a highly efficient and selective dual photocatalytic system based on an iron porphyrin catalyst and an organic dye, also embedded into the liposome. This proposal would achieve the long-standing goal of the use of water as an electron donor, CO2 as primary carbon feedstock and sunlight as a driving force to produce carbon-based fuels.
METHOD FOR METALLISING A POLYMER

The invention relates to a method for metallising a polymer, in which the polymer is sequentially treated with the following: at least one compound that has at least one amine group; a compound that has at least one functional group, suitable for carrying out an addition reaction with the amine group; a solution containing at least one metal salt, selected from the group consisting of a silver salt, a copper salt and a nickel salt, and a complexing agent; at least one reductant. The invention also relates to polymers that have been metallised according to the invention and to their use for the anti-microbial treatment of liquids in liquid-conducting systems or for the production of hosiery, insoles, clothing and covers for seating or mattresses.
FIFTH WHEEL SETTING GUIDE

A reference guide or gauge for setting the position of a fifth wheel coupling (15) upon a tractor chassis bed (16) of an articulated tractor-trailer combination, features an elongate extendible linear bar with one or more juxtaposed elongate marker rules or guides (20), each sub-divided by a series of markings representing indexed relative positions for relative tractor trailer disposition, and related respectively to a distance between trailer (11) front wall and tractor cab (10) rear wall and tractor cab chassis (16) rear end and trailer underside legs (14) or base step wall (17); along with an alignment reference marker (26) for setting in relation to both scales, as an indicator of fifth wheel position to allow operating clearance between tractor (10, 16) and trailer (11). A combination extendible rule is envisaged for both trailer and both factor measurements. Dual considerations of operational clearance to avoid mutual impact or collision and minimizing tailer front wall to tractor cab rear wall clearance for reduced induced, profile or form drag and thus improved fuel economy.
Savings, Investment and Growth: A Study on the Economic Development of Indian Economy

Saving, a sacrifice of current consumption, provides for accumulation of capital, which in turn produces additional output that can be potentially used for consumption in future. Saving not only allows for growth in income and increases in consumption, but also for the smoothing of consumption in the presence of various uncertainties. Saving is crucial for economic development, particularly for developing economies like India. It is also well-recognised that mobilisation of saving is one of the major factors contributing to increasing the pace of economic development. India's 5-year plans have laid greater emphasis for mobilisation of saving from domestic resources. It has been rightly observed that there has been a record of mobilisation of resources; about 94% of the cost of investment programs has been met from domestic savings, which is a measure of increasing self-reliance in the economy.
HABITAÇÕES INDÍGENAS EM BIOMAS BRASILEIROS

O artigo propõe uma revisão teórica sobre a arquitetura indígena no Brasil. Foram selecionados três biomas e três povos indígenas para a realização do estudo: Mata Atlântica e o povo Mbyá-Guarani, o Cerrado e o povo Kuikuro, Pampa e o povo Kaigang. A intenção de determinar um povo para cada bioma é compreender os diferentes sistemas, bem como a variedade de materiais disponíveis, soluções arquitetônicas, influência dos fatores climáticos e características culturais. o estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito de uma disciplina dedicada ao estudo da Arquitetura Brasileira, que gradativamente vem incluindo em seus programas a produção dos povos autóctones, frente a matrizes curriculares que, por décadas, foram marcadas pelo eurocentrismo. A metodologia usada para realização desse estudo foi a pesquisa bibliográfica e estudos de casos, a dificuldade imposta pela escassez de materiais reflete a negligência com estes povos.
Inclusão digital nas cidades: Um olhar sobre os idosos

Cidades sempre serão espaços ricos para pesquisas, nelas podemos encontrar uma heterogeneidade de pessoas e possibilidades para serem exploradas. O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a inclusão digital dos idosos no espaço urbano a partir do uso de Smartphones ou celulares, para compreender como estes se inserem, se comunicam, aprendem e se desenvolvem. Optou-se por este público, levando em consideração que o envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno que ocorre em escala global e vem gradativamente aumentando devido aos avanços tecnológicos em todos os âmbitos. Esta é uma pesquisa de método quantitativo realizada na cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, interior do estado Rio Grande do Sul, com 100 participantes, todos com mais de sessenta anos. Primeiramente, apresenta-se alguns conceitos importantes sobre cidades, envelhecimento humano e tecnologias. Na segunda parte, a discussão é construída através da análise dos questionários aplicados em grupos de convivência do município.
Molecular imaging and targeted therapy of the aggressive phenotype: development of upar theranostics for cancer patients

For practice of personalized medicine in cancer, non-invasive tools for diagnosing at the molecular level are needed. Molecular imaging methods are capable of this while at the same time circumventing sampling error as the whole tumor burden is evaluated.
We recently developed and performed the first-ever clinical PET scan of uPAR, a proteolytic system known to be strongly associated with metastatic potential in most cancer forms. We believe this new concept of uPAR-PET is a major breakthrough and has the potential to become one of the most used PET tracers as it fulfils unmet needs in prostate and breast cancer. Based on this, together with additional proof-of-concept data we obtained on targeting uPAR for optical imaging and radionuclide therapy, we now plan to develop and take into patients these new technologies for improved outcome.
Specific aims are to develop and translate into human use:
1. A PET uPAR imaging ligand platform for visualization of the aggressive phenotype and risk-stratification to be used in tailoring therapy, e.g. in prostate cancer to decide whether prostatectomy is necessary.
2. uPAR-PET combined with simultaneous 13C-hyperpolarized pyruvate MRSI (Warburg effect). This will increase prognostic power, refine tumor phenotyping and thereby allow for better tailoring of therapy and early prediction of treatment response.
3. A uPAR optical imaging technology for guiding removal of cancer tissue during surgery. This will help delineate cancer tissue for removal while leaving healthy tissue behind. We expect better outcome with removal of less tissue.
4. Selective radionuclide therapies targeting uPAR positive, invasive cancer cells using β or α emitters. Dose planning will be performed using uPAR-PET imaging. This image-therapy pairing is also known as theranostics.
Our endeavour is ambitious, yet realistic considering our competencies and track-record. We expect cancer patients to benefit from our new methods within the 5 year time-frame.
Spillway discharges by modification of weir shapes and overflow surroundings

Almost all spillways of mid-size dams in Korea are overflow weir. To investigate the flood control capacity of overflow spillway, 3D numerical simulations were analyzed the discharge of a dam spillway for different weir shapes. Hydraulic model experiments, downsized as scale factor of 40 to 1 by Froude similitude were also carried out to verify the numerical results. Overflow phases and discharges of the linear labyrinth weir and the curved labyrinth weir were compared with those of the linear ogee weir. It was found that the discharge of the labyrinth weir was 71 % greater than that of the linear ogee weir at low reservoir elevation because the labyrinth weir had a longer effective length. However, as the elevation of the water surface rose, the discharge slope of the labyrinth weir became milder by submergence and nappe interference in the side channel. Structural modification of the overflow surroundings such as changing the approaching channel elevation, lowering the bed elevation of the side channel, and moving the weir structure toward the reservoir were also considered to examine the discharge capacity of the spillway. Lowering the bed elevation of the side channel was found to be the most effective option.
Factors Involved in the Apoptotic Cell Death Mechanism in Yellow Fever Hepatitis

Yellow fever (YF), a non-contagious infectious disease, is endemic or enzootic to the tropical regions of the Americas and Africa. Periodic outbreaks or epidemics have a significant impact on public health. Programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is generally characterised by distinct morphological changes and energy-dependent biochemical pathways. In this study, we performed immunohistochemistry analysis to identify and quantify proteases and protein targets involved in the cascade that triggers apoptosis in YF virus (YFV)-infected human hepatocytes. Liver tissue samples were collected from 26 individuals, among whom 21 were diagnosed as YF-positive, and five were flavivirus-negative and died due to other causes. The histopathological alterations in YFV-positive cases were characterised by the presence of apoptotic bodies, steatosis, cellular swelling, and extensive necrosis and haemorrhage in the hepatic lobules. Additionally, we observed an abundance of inflammatory infiltrates in the portal tract. The expression of various apoptotic markers in the hepatic parenchyma, including CASPASE 3, CASPASE 8, BAX, FAS, FASL, GRANZYME B, and SURVIVIN, differed between YFV-positive cases and controls. Collectively, this study confirmed the complexity of YFV infection-induced apoptosis in situ. However, our data suggest that apoptosis in liver parenchyma lesions may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of fatal YF in humans.
ACcelerating SmE innovation capacities with a Living Lab approach

Megatrends like ageing populations and digitalization require but also enable a multi-dimensional approach. While new innovative value sources are created, it is also necessary to attain new capabilities. Especially SMEs lack the resources or capacities to deal with these dynamic and increasingly complex market conditions, needing to go outside to create value in ecosystems. 

The overall objective of ACSELL is to sensitize the public sector, innovation intermediaries (e.g., chambers of commerce, technology transfer offices, etc.) and SMEs towards 
-- integrating the user already early in the innovation process and 
-- expanding SME competencies by following the (interregional) living lab approach. 

SMEs greatly benefit from ecosystems that enable collaboration, orchestration, creation and networking. Access to smart and integrated (inter)regional policy instruments, a vibrant (value chain) ecosystem and relevant competencies will pave the way towards demand-driven and thus effective and efficient innovation, simultaneously solving societal challenges and supporting economic growth. 

ACSELL will facilitate complex policy orchestration and promote network thinking, openness and collaboration through 1) concerted twinning activities in the form of study visits based on comprehensive self-assessments, 2) knowledge exchange and mutual learning by identifying transferable good practices and hacking regional policy challenges and 3) accelerating innovative capacities through improved innovation policy and access to SME policy instruments.

What is the optimal framework for nudging that paradigm shift towards open and demand-driven innovation? How can mutually reinforcing value propositions be attained in a multi-dimensional ecosystem? These questions will guide activities that will feed into the action plans for each region.
Nonperturbative renormalization group for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation: General framework and first applications

We present an analytical method, rooted in the nonperturbative renormalization group, that allows one to calculate the critical exponents and the correlation and response functions of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) growth equation in all its different regimes, including the strong-coupling one. We analyze the symmetries of the KPZ problem and derive an approximation scheme that satisfies the linearly realized ones. We implement this scheme at the minimal order in the response field, and show that it yields a complete, qualitatively correct phase diagram in all dimensions, with reasonable values for the critical exponents in physical dimensions. We also compute in one dimension the full (momentum and frequency dependent) correlation function, and the associated universal scaling function. We find a very satisfactory quantitative agreement with the exact result from Pr\"ahofer and Spohn [J. Stat. Phys. 115, 255 (2004)]. In particular, we obtain for the universal amplitude ratio ${g}_{0}\ensuremath{\simeq}1.149(18)$, to be compared with the exact value ${g}_{0}=1.1504...$ (the Baik and Rain [J. Stat. Phys. 100, 523 (2000)] constant). We emphasize that all these results, which can be systematically improved, are obtained with sole input the bare action and its symmetries, without further assumptions on the existence of scaling or on the form of the scaling function.