SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Psychology and Educational Statistics

Cognitive psychology has an important impact on ability and achievement testing because many of the item types on educational tests have been studied as cognitive tasks. In this article, a system of designing tests from the cognitive perspective is described. Further, appropriate statistical models for estimating the effects of specific variables on psychometric properties are also described. Examples are presented from two different tests to show how the properties of items are predicted from the cognitive variables. The estimated effect parameters for the cognitive variables may be useful for item banking and test equating if the model has sufficient predictive power.
Evaluation of Elder and Historical Bridges

Abstract Bridge structures are designed on lifetime, which is given in standards and relevant time of design. The design lifetime of bridge structures was 80 years according to expired Slovak standard STN. New design lifetime of the newly designed bridges extends to T d = 100 years by establishing Eurocode STN EN. In the frame of research activities of Department of Structures and Bridges, the theoretical approach for evaluation of existing bridge structures was developed taking into account Eurocodes. However, the problems occur in the case of elder bridges with real lifetime over 100 years, or in the case of remaining lifetime extension over 100 years.
On the timing of political regime changes in resource-dependent economies

We consider a resource-dependent economy initially ruled by the elite. The transition from the autocratic to a more democratic regime takes place only if the citizens decide to revolt against the elite. The occurrence of a revolution primarily depends on the autocratic regime vulnerability and the level of inequalities, both being driven by the elite׳s redistribution and repression policies. First, we show that when a political transition is inevitable, the elite choose the maximum rate of redistribution to lengthen their period in office. Second, we find that the duration of the autocratic regime is linked to resource abundance, and how it relates to the elite׳s policies. More resources lead to a shorter reign of a redistributive regime, which may not be the case of a repressive regime. Finally, we interpret the Arab spring sequence in light of our findings.
IMPROVED METHOD FOR PRODUCING WASHING OR CLEANING AGENTS

The invention relates to a method for producing washing or cleaning agent granulates, adapted to produce, at low pressure and with high throughput rates, granulates that have a narrow particle distribution. According to said method, a slurry comprising washing or cleaning-active ingredients is atomized through a hollow cone nozzle which has an entry orifice, an atomizing orifice and a swirl chamber connecting the entry orifice and the atomizing orifice, the swirl chamber having a spiraling design. The invention also relates to corresponding hollow cone nozzles.
Deciphering the combinatorial signalling patterns in brain development by structural studies of axon guidance receptors and adhesive gpcrs

Brain development relies on formation of functional neuronal circuits. This requires coordinated migration of embryonic neurons and their cellular processes such as axons to the target regions and their selective connections with synaptic partners. The migration of neurons and axons is mediated by guidance cues. Combined interactions of multiple guidance cues with their receptors direct neurons and axons to their final destinations. So far our understating is limited to the effect of individual cues, which result in attractive or repulsive responses. How multiple cues influence neuron and axon migration remains elusive. In addition, interactions of multiple cues and receptors are poorly understood. Our group recently elucidated the structure of an octameric super-complex fragment consisting of FLRT proteins, adhesion GPCRs Latrophilin and guidance receptors Unc5. In this project, we will aim at elucidating the full length (including the transmembrane domains) structure of the super-complex to reveal the molecular details of the interactions. Further analysis of structure-function relationship of the super-complex will, for the first time, address how modular architecture of these medically important receptors influence their signaling functions. Expertise of the host, capacity of the researcher, multidisciplinary approach of the proposal and well-planned implementation and risk mitigation strategies will ensure successful completion of the project. The results will enhance competence of the researcher; collaboration opportunities and competitiveness of the host and contribute to the excellence of European research.
Adaptive Force/Velocity control for opening unknown doors1

The problem of door opening is fundamental for robots operating in domestic environments. Since these environments are generally unstructured, a robot must deal with several types of uncertainties associated with the dynamics and kinematics of a door to achieve successful opening. The present paper proposes a dynamic force/velocity controller which uses adaptive estimation of the radial direction based on adaptive estimates of the door hinge's position. The control action is decomposed into estimated radial and tangential directions, which are proved to converge to the corresponding actual values. The force controller uses reactive compensation of the tangential forces and regulates the radial force to a desired small value, while the velocity controller ensures that the robot's end-effector moves with a desired tangential velocity. The performance of the control scheme is demonstrated in simulation with a 2 DoF planar manipulator opening a door.
Quantitative evaluation of the seasonal variations in climate model cloud regimes

An extended cloud-clustering method to assess the seasonal variation of clouds is applied to five CMIP5 models. The seasonal variation of the total cloud radiative effect (CRE) is dominated by variations in the relative frequency of occurrence of the different cloud regimes. Seasonal variations of the CRE within the individual regimes contribute much less. This is the case for both observations, models and model errors. The error in the seasonal variation of cloud regimes, and its breakdown into mean amplitude and time varying components, are quantified with a new metric. The seasonal variation of the CRE of the cloud regimes is relatively well simulated by the models in the tropics, but less well in the extra-tropics. The stratocumulus regime has the largest seasonal variation of shortwave CRE in the tropics, despite having a small magnitude in the climatological mean. Most of the models capture the temporal variation of the CRE reasonably well, with the main differences between models coming from the variation in amplitude. In the extra-tropics, most models fail to correctly represent both the amplitude and time variation of the CRE of congestus, frontal and stratocumulus regimes. The annual mean climatology of the CRE and its amplitude in the seasonal variation are both underestimated for the anvil regime in the tropics, the cirrus regime and the congestus regime in the extra-tropics. The models in this study that best capture the seasonal variation of the cloud regimes tend to have higher climate sensitivities.
Ageing in dogs (canis familiaris) and its relationship to their environment

Animal welfare is assumed to be influenced by the cumulative effects of positive and nega-tive events experienced by an individual. The present study investigated the levels of cor-tisol, relative telomere length and the association of these variables with the perception of canine age (apparent age). Firstly, it was investigated whether dogs’ telomere lengths from dried blood correlated with the ones measured from oral swabs from the same individuals. As a correlation between samples from these two tissues were found we validated the use of buccal swab sampling to obtain dogs’ relative telomere length. We then investigated whether dogs’ relative telomere length present in buccal cells co-varies with glucocorticoid levels, results showed association between these factors. Since glucorticoids are the most used physiological parameter to assess animal welfare our results suggest the use of rela-tive telomere length as a potential to evaluate animal welfare. We investigated if the differ-ent backgrounds of dogs were associated with relative telomere length. Results showed that dogs from different background, sex and with different activity levels had significantly different relative telomere lengths. We investigated whether dogs’ relative telomere length would vary over a one-year period, and results showed that the implementation of social enrichment can increase relative telomere length of laboratory dogs. Finally, we investigat-ed if a novel approach, estimating apparent age, could be used as a tool to assess wel-fare. Results showed that a dog’s apparent age assessed from photographs could, poten-tially, be used as an animal welfare assessment method since people were able to identify dogs that were prematurely ageing. In conclusion, telomere attrition and apparent age can be used to indicate a dog’s welfare.
Portable and fast surface plasmon resonance point-of-care test for covid-19

The ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections has led to more than 7.031.249 cases and 403.112 deaths globally as of June 8, 2020.  Although most infections are self-limited, about 15% of infected adults develop severe pneumonia that requires treatment with supplemental oxygen and an additional 5% progress to critical illness with hypoxaemic respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan failure that necessitates ventilatory support, often for several weeks.  
Worldwide, infections and death from SAR-CoV-2 continue during June with more than 110.000 new cases every day despite lockdown in Europe and oversees. What started as a temporary sanitary issue, has morphed into a more permanent and long-lasting pan epidemic outbreak. One efficient manner to limit COVID-19 spreading and an adequate mean of better managing the COVID-19 outbreak is through unrestrained availability of fast, efficient, accurate and cost-effective point-of-care tests (POCT). Here we propose C-POCT-S, a rapid (<30 min), sensitive (200 vps/mL), selective (SARS-CoV-2), and inexpensive ( < 20 Euros) solution to address this medical need. C-POCT-S is  based on a combination of several technologies such as the use of COVID-19 specific nanobodies (VHH), magnetic nanoparticles with high magnetic strength and a VHH  modified interfaces, all integrated in a a hand-held surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based POC test (C-POCT-S) for the screening of the presence/absence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in nasal and salvia samples. 
The aim of this project is to complete product optimization, performance validation in a clinical setting and manufacturing quality control for C-POCT-S and completion of its technical file, to enable declaration of conformity and affixing of CE mark.
Microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture: Current research and future challenges

Abstract Agriculture is a sector that is badly affected by the environmental abiotic stresses like nutrient limitation, high temperature, salinity, draught, pathogens, and other climatic disasters. All these stresses result in the huge economic losses of several crops. Microbial biotechnology is one of the superior methods to get over from the entire problem and enhances the crop productivity. This chapter enlightens the conclusion and future prospects of book “Trends of microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture and biomedicine systems: diversity and functional perspectives,” which contains the research on microbiomes from soil and other sources and their applications for sustainable agriculture. This chapter deals with the biodiversity of plant microbes and there interaction with plants through epiphytic, rhizospheric and endophytic parts of the plant and there biotechnological applications in agriculture for sustainable development. Microbes linked with plants can be used as biofertilizers to enhance the nutrition of the crops like iron, zinc, phosphorus, and potassium. In this chapter, it is also documented that microbes can also be used as biocontrol agent that protects the crop from several plant pathogens that affects that crop productivity in huge number.
New ecologic product that induce plant defence mechanisms to increase organic crop protection against powdery mildew pest

LBS-PROTECTION project is born to bring an innovative and ecologic product to increase organic crop protection against powdery mildew pest. In this context, LBS-PROTECTION focuses on the commercial development and further commercialization of a prototype based on a sulphur reformulation as an organic molecule in liquid form that is transported through xylem, ensuring its bioavailability for plants. This is called as Liquid Bioassimilable Sulphur (LBS). LBS formulation is based on biocontrol mechanism that improves plant resistance and inducing plant defence mechanisms to prevent from future attacks of the phytopathogens. 

Pesticides, which are crucial to combat plant diseases and secure quality and yield in crop production, represent one of the main pressures from agriculture on human health and ecosystems. In this regard, consumers and the food chain alike are increasingly demanding food products that are residue-low or residue-free and produced in more sustainable ways. This applies particularly to fruit and vegetables, which are often consumed fresh without prior processing. Therefore, achieving a sustainable pest control is one of main challenges for the future development of organic agriculture. In this context, LBS-PROTECTION will increase the effectivity of controlling powdery mildew pest in organic crops, incrementing up to 90% its prevention activity, potentiating up to 15% the plant growth and reducing 20% of costs. All this benefits will be provided from a natural and ecologic perspective that significantly increases taste, smell and shape of foodstuff.

Although LBS-PROTECTION is mainly addressed to the organic market, since it can be also used in traditional agriculture and powdery mildew affects a wide variety of crops, including vineyards, vegetables, fruit trees and cereals, the commercial scope of this product is very large.
Unraveling principles of pdz-mediated cell signaling

PDZnet will create an innovative European PhD training network focusing on unraveling PDZ domain-mediated signaling networks. The emphasis will be on signaling nodes essential for the development of cancer and diseases of the nervous system, conditions that affect millions of Europeans and are major societal challenges. PDZ domains are protein and lipid recognizing modules that play a central role in trafficking and organizing diverse cell signaling assemblies, thereby allowing information to be transmitted from receptors, ion channels and transporters in the cell membrane. PDZ domain mediated interactions are emerging as conceptually novel and promising drug targets, with exciting opportunities for the development of novel therapies, especially within cancer and brain diseases. We will establish a European multidisciplinary platform integrating a plethora of complementary life science disciplines that range from chemical development of inhibitors to studies in live animals. The network encompasses 8 academic and 2 industrial beneficiaries as well as one industrial and one academic partner, which are all committed to promote frontline research, innovation and educational activities within the study of PDZ domain-mediated signal transduction pathways related to brain diseases and cancer. This interdisciplinary network will establish an outstanding training opportunity for Early Stage Researchers, who will be integrated in projects unraveling intracellular PDZ domain interactomes to provide pertinent information for discovering drug-related interactions. In a comprehensive and integrated training effort, involving a combination of scientific and transferable skills, the students will receive an interdisciplinary, intersectoral and innovative doctoral training from experienced industrial and academic leaders in well-reputed European Institutions.
HIGH CONCENTRATION SINGLE PHASE GLYCOL AEROSOL AIR SANITIZER WITH DIMETHYL ETHER PROPELLANT

Single-phase aserosol spray air sanitizers and deodorizers are disclosed. The preferred active ingredient for the air sanitization is a high concentration of triethylene glycol (TEG), in a single-phase aerosol formulation made possible by the use of dimethyl ether (DME) as a propellant. The combination of TEG and DME enables high concentrations of TEG to be utilized in a single-phase aerosol formulation, without requiring the use of ethanol or water as co-solvents. The formulation is useful for sanitizing air and removing bacteria and other malodorants from the air as well achieving higher bacteria kill rates than existing air sanitization formulations due to the high concentrations of TEG. Because the high concentration TEG aerosol formulation is a single-phase formulation, it can be utilized in automated spray or dispensing systems and do not require shaking or agitation prior to use. Disclosed formulations leave little or no visible residue on hard surfaces when dispensed into the air of a room.
The colour of labour: the racialized lives of migrants

This project is about the racialization of migrant labourers across political boundaries, with a main focus on impoverished Europeans who served in huge numbers as indentured labourers in nineteenth-century Guianese, Caribbean and Hawaiian sugar plantations and in the workforce of late nineteenth and early twentieth century New England cotton mills. 
With this project I aim to provide major, innovative contributions on three fronts: 
(i) theory-making, by working the concepts of race, racism, racialization, embodiment and memory in association with migrant work across political boundaries and imperial classifications; 
(ii) social relevance of basic research, by linking an issue of pressing urgency in contemporary Europe to substantive, broad-scope, and multi-sited anthropological/historical research on the wider structures of domination, rather than to targeted problem-solving research of immediate applicability; 
(iii) disciplinary scope, by proposing to unsettle historical anthropology and ethnographic history from within the boundaries of a single empire, and to overcome the limitations of existing comparative studies, by inquiring into the flows and interactions between competing empires. 
I will also: 
(iv) strengthen the methodology for multi-sited, multi-period research in anthropology; 
(v) contribute to an anthropology of global connections and trans-local approaches; 
(vi) promote the multidisciplinary and combined-methods approach to complex subjects; 
(vii) narrate a poorly known set of historical situations of labour racializations involving Europeans and document the ways they reverberate through generations;  and 
(viii) make the analysis available to both academic audiences and the different communities involved in the research.
The eye as a window to the brain, extending lifelong brain health

Nocturne specializes in products and services that allow diagnosing neurologic disorders through imaging of the eye. Nocturne’s proprietary technology (patent pending) analyses 3D images of the retina, which are obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
OCT is a noninvasive imaging technology routinely used in ophthalmology. Standard OCT devices are affordable but are by themselves of only limited value for neurologic applications.
At market entry, Nocturne offers a web service, which accepts data from standard OCT scans. The data is then analyzed with Nocturne’s technology, and a report is sent back to the customer.
With its service, Nocturne addresses customers in pharmaceutical research, academia, and clinical care. More than 10 million people suffer from neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer, in Europe alone. 
Nocturne expects that its OCT-based retinal image analysis will allow neurologists short-term diagnostic decisions, which will reduce the need for external costly MRIs. The ultimate goal is to offer specialized OCT devices in the future.
Respirable dust measured downwind during rock dust application

The Pittsburgh Mining Research Division of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted underground evaluations in an attempt to quantify respirable rock dust generation when using untreated rock dust and rock dust treated with an anticaking additive. Using personal dust monitors, these evaluations measured respirable rock dust levels arising from a flinger-type application of rock dust on rib and roof surfaces. Rock dust with a majority of the respirable component removed was also applied in NIOSH's Bruceton Experimental Mine using a bantam duster. The respirable dust measurements obtained downwind from both of these tests are presented and discussed. This testing did not measure miners' exposure to respirable coal mine dust under acceptable mining practices, but indicates the need for effective continuous administrative controls to be exercised when rock dusting to minimize the measured amount of rock dust in the sampling device.