SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The Zero Point Position in Morse’s potential and accurate prediction of thermal expansion in metals

Abstract The analytical expression for the matrix elements between Morse’s wavefunctions is shown and a modified temperature-dependent Morse potential was developed and validated. The developed formulae indicate that anharmonicity is responsible for a non-null displacement with respect to the equilibrium position at 0 K, that we call Zero Point Position. With their advantage of being computationally inexpensive and fast, the present model can be used to provide highly accurate theoretical estimation in the internuclear distance at vibrational ground state as well as their temperature dependence for not only diatomic but also polyatomic molecules. The present theoretical model was implemented to the development of a simple atomic-level model for the estimation of temperature-dependent thermal expansion coefficients of bulk metals, and was proved to be an efficient and rapid way for the evaluation of material mechanic properties. These models are analytical and are successfully tested on a series of metals.
Sovvenzione di capitale circolante per SERVICE Iwona Zdańska — 15418

Il progetto è volto a sostenere l'impresa nel fornire liquidità e nel sostenere le sue operazioni quotidiane a causa delle difficoltà finanziarie che si sono verificate nella società a causa dell'epidemia di COVID-19. Assistenza finanziaria fornita sulla base del regime SA.57015.
Estimates of unintended pregnancy rates over the last decade in France as a function of contraceptive behaviors

We investigate trends in contraceptive behaviors in France and how they may have contributed to fluctuations in unintended pregnancy rates over time and across subgroups of the population between 2000 and 2010.Data are drawn from three national surveys in France, comprising 4714 women ages 15 to 49 in 2000, 8613 in 2005 and 5260 in 2010. We used multinomial and simple logistic regression models to explore trends in contraceptive behaviors over time. We estimated trends in unintended pregnancy rates in relation to population shifts in contraceptive behaviors between 2000 and 2010.A third of women were not using contraception at the time of the surveys. However, only 2.4% in 2000, 3.2% in 2005 and 2.4% in 2010 had an unmet need for contraception (p=.002). Among contraceptive users, user-dependent hormonal methods decreased from 59% in 2000 to 52% in 2010 (p<.0001), while long-acting reversible methods increased from 22% to 24% (p=.04). Changes in contraceptive behaviors resulted in fluctuations in unintended pregnancy rates estimated to have risen from 3.16% to 3.49% between 2000 and 2005, and to have decreased to 3.26% in 2010. Small changes in unmet need for contraception exerted the largest effects.This study indicates that changes in contraceptive behaviors over the past decade in France have potentially resulted in significant fluctuations in unintended pregnancy rates. Our results also demonstrate that a simple algorithm combining contraceptive behaviors and typical-use failure rates may be an acceptable proxy for monitoring trends in unintended pregnancies.This study offers a framework towards assessing trends in unintended pregnancies, when data on abortions and unintended births are not available. In the context of high contraceptive coverage, gaps of use undermine efforts to improve contraceptive effectiveness, as small fluctuations in unmet need contribute significantly to trends in unintended pregnancy rates.
Temporal delays in mathematical models of cell biology processes

The primary aim of the action is the construction and analysis of new predictive and verifiable mathematical models that can uncover the effects of time delays upon various cell biology processes.  In this timely project we aim to apply cutting edge functional differential equation techniques to interrogate a number of cell biology processes of huge current interest, including collective cell movement, tumour growth and self-organizing pattern formation. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop new mathematical ways to understand and control cell biology processes. The successful outcome of this project will be robust and experimentally testable mathematical theories that can be applied to a wide variety of biological and medical problems, whenever temporal delays are relevant.

The researcher will be intensively trained in areas of mathematical biology that are new to him, by exploring a range of cell biology processes that are the focus of current state-of-the-art research efforts within the Oxford mathematical biology group, and investigate the role of delayed feedbacks and memory effects in these processes. These mathematical models will share common mathematical themes and challenges. Thus while being exposed to these fundamental areas of mathematical biology (cell motility, tumour growth, wound healing, pattern formation, development etc.), we aim, simultaneously, to develop new mathematical tools that have a wide range of important and timely biological applications.

The researcher will be fully integrated into the Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology at the Mathematical Institute of the University of Oxford. The project will allow him to significantly broaden his area of expertise and initiate new long term collaborations.
Enhancing Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods by Exploiting Additive Approximation for Problems in Finance

The valuation of many financial securities can be formulated as high-dimensional integrals for which quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are becoming indispensable numerical tools. It is known that some typical high-dimensional problems in finance and in many other fields have a strong additive nature. This paper investigates the enhancement of QMC methods by exploiting the additive approximation in combination with suitable transformation methods. To this end, we study (a) the approximation of a multivariate function by a sum of one-dimensional functions; and (b) the effective use of the possible strong additive property inherent in finance problems to enhance QMC. For problem (a), we establish a relationship between the approximation quality resulting from anchored decomposition and the global sensitivity indices. For problem (b), we propose new methods for efficiency improvement—the additive weighted uniform sampling and the additive control variate, which exactly exploit the strong additive structure. The required importance distribution and control variate are found constructively based on the anchored additive approximation with a suitably chosen anchor. Numerical examples on bond valuation and option pricing illustrate that the proposed methods reduce the variance by huge factors in QMC. Transformation methods play a crucial role, since they may enhance the degree of additivity of a function. Traditional methods, such as Brownian bridge and principal component analysis, do not necessarily work well, whereas methods that take into account the underlying functions are robust and powerful.
High efficient extraction of phthalates in aquatic products by a modified QuEChERS method

A simple, environmentally friendly and high efficient extraction method was proposed for the determination of five phthalates in aquatic products by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS). When this method was adopted, samples were pretreated by modified QuEChERS(quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method. An environmentally friendly extractant(ethanol aqueous solution) replaced toxic acetonitrile for extracting phthalates in the protein-matrix samples. Fluorescence quenching spectra of bovine serum albumin(BSA) with phthalates show that there was a high-affinity interaction between phthalate and protein, decreasing the extraction efficiency of phthalates from fish samples. However, in the 80%(volume fraction, φ) ethanol aqueous solution, a slow but full protein denaturation takes place, which would cause the unfolding of protein and the release of phthalates. Meanwhile, the fat-soluble impurities are extracted less in φ(ethanol) 80% aqueous solution than in either φ(ethanol) 100% or hydrophobic solvents in the liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Therefore the purification steps were greatly simplified. Overall recoveries were 81.77%–90.5% with limits of detection between 2.53 and 9.61 μg/L, and relative standard deviation values at 1.15%–4.85%. The proposed approach was satisfactorily applied to the determination of phthalates in real aquatic products, such as fish, shrimp and oyster.
Knowledge-based control module for start-up of flat sheet MBRs

In start-up periods low MLSS concentration may lead to fouling phenomena and uncommon frequency of chemical cleanings using membrane bioreactors. A knowledge-based control module for the optimisation of start-up procedures in membrane bioreactors is presented and validated in this paper. The main objective of the control module is to accelerate the growth of MLSS and the achievement of the design flux while minimising the fouling phenomenon during start-up periods. The module was validated in a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor with the University of Cape Town configuration and submerged flat sheet microfiltration membranes. The knowledge of the control system was represented as a decision tree before being implemented. A fully satisfactory start-up, both for the filtration and the biological phase, was obtained in 20 days, saving time and preserving the membrane integrity.
Role of dynamic jnk signalling in balancing cell removal and renewal in a stressed epithelium

Tissue homeostasis requires a tight maintenance of cell number. Little is known about how tissue size and cell numbers are maintained in stress situations, when additional proliferation is needed to compensate for cell loss. I propose to study the homeostatic response to stress in a tissue (Drosophila wing primordia) in which Ribosomal Proteins-deficiency causes extensive apoptosis compensated by extra proliferation. How are these two responses balanced to ensure the emergence of a normal adult organism? JNK signalling is a strong candidate to mediate both apoptosis and proliferation responses. I propose to decipher the regulatory events that control this two-faced response, and to identify the proliferative pathways activated by JNK. Using the latest tools of genome engineering and live imaging, I aim at unravelling the spatio-temporal dynamics of JNK signalling and the downstream activation of cell death or division. Next, I will use a candidate gene and an unbiased approaches to uncover the transcriptional programs that correlate with apoptosis and proliferation. Lastly, I will verify the relevance of the identified candidates and investigate their spatial-temporal activity upon JNK activation. The results will be key to reaching the next stage of understanding the role of JNK in orchestrating the concerted replacement of lost cells that ultimately results in functional epithelia. Uncovering this logic in a relatively simple epithelium will hopefully guide further studies in more complex tissues of direct biomedical relevance.
Functional mechanism of heparin-binding hemagglutinin adhesin from mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most aberrant causes of global mortality and the molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis are not well understood. The extrapulmonary dissemination of TB involves requires a crucial virulence factor designated as heparin-binding haemaglutinin adhesin (HBHA). HBHA is a 28 kDa dimeric protein localised at the surface of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)  that binds dextran sulphate, dermatan sulphate, glycosaminoglycans and heparan-sulphate proteoglycans thus mediating the adhesion with epithelial cells and to extracellular matrix components. Despite a crucial role in the dissemination of TB, a key relevance as strong diagnostic antigen and as therapeutic target, there is currently limited understanding of the structure and mechanism of action of HBHA.

The ambitious aim of this proposal is to characterise at high-resolution the mechanisms of function of HBHA in different phases of the life cycle of MTB. To achieve this ambitious target, we will carry out an integrated investigation of solution-state and solid-state NMR nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to acquire high-resolution data on the interaction of HBHA with membranes of MTB. 

The NMR experiments will be complemented with biophysical studies and mutagenesis to accurately define the relationship between structure, dynamics and function of HBHA.

Our preliminary data suggest that this ambitious project comes at the most opportune time as we now have tools, materials and knowledge to resolve this important goal for biochemistry and reveal the propeties of a crucial molecule for the mechanism of extrapulmonary dissemination of TB.
Collective infectious units and the social evolution of viruses

A widely accepted view in virology is that virions function as independent infectious units. However, recent work by us and others indicates that viruses are often transmitted as more complex structures, such as virion aggregates, lipid vesicles or protein matrices harbouring multiple infectious particles. This demonstrates that viruses can be transmitted as “collective infectious units”, in sharp contrast with the current paradigm. Critically, these recent discoveries now set the stage for the evolution of social interactions, a previously unappreciated facet of viruses. I propose to investigate how collective infectious units drive virus social evolution using state-of-the-art tools from the fields of virology, genetics, structural biology, and nanotechnology. The effects of collective infectivity on viral fitness will be tested directly using experimental evolution and genetic engineering, and confirmed in vivo. Three widely different viruses will be used to achieve generality: human enteroviruses, a vector-borne rhabdovirus, and a baculovirus. Furthermore, the implications of virus social interactions for the maintenance of genetic diversity, evolvability, virulence evolution, and the emergence of drug resistance will be investigated. Radically new processes such as the putative extracellular fusion of viral particles will be also explored. I expect that infectious units constituted by viruses from different species will be uncovered as well, with far-reaching implications for epidemiology. It is becoming increasingly recognized that parasite sociality is a disease determinant, and our results may therefore inspire new antiviral strategies. In sum, this project aims at laying the foundations of virus sociality from a mechanistically-informed, bottom-up approach. Importantly, beyond their practical importance viruses will also provide a simple and tractable system that will help us to establish more general principles of social evolution.
Advanced material solutions for safer and long-lasting high capacity cobalt free batteries for stationary storage applications

The project main goal is to develop new generation batteries for battery storage with a modular technology, suitable for different applications and fulfilling the increasing need of decentralised energy production and supply for private households and industrial robotised devices.. New materials and components will be developed and optimised to achieve longer lifetime (up to 10,000 cycles depending on the material selected), lower costs (down to 0.03 €/kWh/cycle), improved safety and more efficient recycling (>50%). The expected results will strengthen EU competitiveness in advanced materials and nanotechnologies and the related battery storage value chain, preparing European industry to be competitive in these new markets. This will be achieved by using high capacity anodes coupled with cobalt free cathode and with a very safe gel polymer electrolyte separator, leveraging partners’ knowledge in advanced materials. This new technology will be developed up to a TRL 6 (large prismatic cell ESP-Cell 30Ah) at the end of the project, producing these novel high voltage high capacity batteries close to practical applications. Further, the proposed solution will allow Europe to become more independent from raw material and the feasibility of a metal recovery process will be deeply investigated and recommendations for future application will be made.

To achieve the ambitious targets, the CoFBAT project covers the entire value chain, bringing together industrial experts in material development and battery science together with engineering companies and institutes and battery producers and integrators.
Having the same wild ramification is preserved by the direct image

Let S be the spectrum of an excellent henselian discrete valuation ring of residue characteristic p and X a separated scheme over S of finite type. Let $$\Lambda $$
 and $$\Lambda '$$
 be finite fields of characteristics $$\ell \ne p$$
 and $$\ell '\ne p$$
 respectively. For elements $$\mathcal {F}\in K_{c}(X,\Lambda )$$
 and $$\mathcal {F}'\in K_{c}(X,\Lambda ')$$
 of the Grothendieck groups of the categories of constructible sheaves of $$\Lambda $$
 -modules and $$\Lambda '$$
 -modules on X respectively, we introduce the notion that $$\mathcal {F}$$
 and $$\mathcal {F}'$$
 have the same wild ramification and prove that this condition is preserved by four of Grothendieck’s six operations except the derived tensor product and $$R \mathcal {H}om$$
 .
Renewable power generation by solar particle receiver driven sulphur storage cycle

PEGASUS (Renewable Power Generation by Solar Particle Receiver Driven Sulphur Storage Cycle) will investigate a novel power cycle for renewable electricity production applying a solar particle receiver with a sulphur storage system for baseload operation. The proposed process combines solid particles as heat transfer fluid that can also be used for direct thermal energy storage with indirect thermochemical storage of solar energy in solid sulphur, rendering thus a solar power plant capable of round-the-clock renewable electricity production.  Concepts of solar sulphur power plants will be developed and a flowsheet analysis in conjunction with a techno-economic study will be carried out to simulate the performance of the process. Prototypes of the key components (i.e. solar centrifugal particle receiver, sulphuric acid evaporator, sulphur trioxide decomposer and sulphur combustor) will be developed, constructed and operated at relevant scale. On-sun testing of the particle receiver will be carried out in the newly constructed high-flux solar simulator of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) in Juelich, Germany. Furthermore, an integrated operation of the receiver together with the evaporator and the decomposer will be realised in this facility to demonstrate the suitability of the concept. In addition, materials to be used simultaneously as solar heat capture, transfer and storage media as well as catalytic particles in the solar receiver, evaporator and decomposer will be developed, tested and analysed with respect to reaction kinetics and long-term stability. Moreover, system models of the key components will be implemented, validated with experimental data and applied to simulate the performance of the process components. These models will be integrated into the developed flowsheets for the above mentioned process simulations and techno-economics to predict the prospects of the technology.
An innovative bio-based platform for the cost-competitive production of l-fucose, a building block for human milk oligosaccharides (hmos).

73100 have developed and patented a novel bacterial fermented biopolymer – FucoPol – as a natural source for the efficient production of pure L-fucose. L-fucose is a rare monosaccharide with limited natural availability and a precursor of complex carbohydrates, as Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs). HMOs, which are highly abundant in human milk but not in infant formula, have been recently recognised as natural molecules with high potential for nutritional and biomedical applications. Despite the increasing market demand of these “specialty carbohydrates”, large scale production of HMOs is currently not feasible. Current technologies are hindered by the complexity and costs related to the attempt to increase the availability of the core component L-fucose. In fact, this monosaccharide acts as building block for HMOs, representing over 60-70% of the oligosaccharides portion in human milk. FucoPol – as natural source of pure monosaccharides - solves the main industrial issues related to L-fucose production such as the complexity, costs and efficiency. FucoPol bio-based platform offers a sustainable solution for industrial-commercialization of HMOs, by significantly increasing L-fucose availability. Completing the innovation project objectives will result in the validation of the platform and enable the production of large amount of high-pure L-fucose to meet the quality/quantity industrial demand for this rare sugar.
CATHETER WITH FLUID MEDICATION INJECTORS

A device for injecting medication into a vessel wall includes a plurality of flexible tubes (30a, 30b) mounted between a multi-lumen catheter (20) and a grommet (22). A push/pull wire (26) is connected to the grommet and passed through a lumen of the multi-lumen catheter. A plurality of injectors (40a, 40b, 40c) are mounted on each of the flexible tubes. During use, the device is first positioned in a vessel. The push/pull wire is then partially withdrawn forcing the grommet to advance towards the multi-lumen catheter. The advancing grommet forces the flexible tubes to bow outwardly, embedding the injectors into the vessel wall. A fluid medication is then introduced through the multi-lumen catheter, into the flexible tubes and out of the injectors for infusion into the vessel wall.
GAS LIQUEFACTION AND SEPARATION DEVICE

The invention relates to cryogenic engineering. The inventive device for liquefying and separating gas and for releasing one or more gases from a mixture thereof, comprises, in series axially positioned, a prechamber (1) with gas flow whirling means (2) arranged therein, a subsonic or supersonic nozzle (3) with a working segment (4), which is abutted thereto and to which liquid phase extracting means (5) is connected, and a subsonic diffuser (7) or the combination of a supersonic (6) and the subsonic diffuser (7). The nozzle (3) is designed in such a way that it makes it possible to achieve the ratios, between the inlet and outlet cross-sectional areas and the minimum cross-section thereof, which provides, at the output of the nozzle, a statical pressure and a statical temperature corresponding to the conditions of condensation of gas or target gas mixture components. The length of the working segment (4) is selected according to a condition of forming condensate drops with a size greater than 0.5 mkm and of drifting them, by centrifugal forces, from the axial area of the working segment to the walls of the drop extracting means, and the aperture angle of the working segment (4) is selected such as to maintain the conditions of condensation of the gas or the target components thereof. The device is provided with an additional nozzle (8) arranged in the prechamber. The invention makes it possible to increase the separation efficiency.