SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Molecular understanding of generation and trafficking of mitochondrial [4fe-4s] clusters

Iron-sulfur [Fe-S] clusters play a vital role in numerous cellular functions. They are a sine qua non for cellular energy production and maintenance of genomic stability. Therefore, elucidation of the biogenesis of [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] proteins is of utmost importance for basic science in its broadest sense, as it is for ongoing efforts to establish their relevance to human disease and their utilization for biotechnological production of fine chemicals in microorganisms. The iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly process is responsible for incorporating the inorganic cluster into [Fe-S]-associated proteins in the mitochondria. Cytosolic and nuclear [Fe-S] protein assembly that dictates cellular iron concentrations and DNA integrity outside of the mitochondria also depends on the function of the ISC machinery. The mitochondrial ISC biogenesis machinery entails at least 17 proteins, yet how the proteins for [4Fe-4S] maturation work in a unified manner to produce the active cluster and transfer it to target proteins remains poorly understood. FourFeFourS intends to discover the underlying mechanisms of [4Fe-4S] biogenesis in the mitochondria, which could shed new light into how dysfunction of the proteins involved may lead to fatal diseases. To this end, studies will combine a biochemical reconstitution assay of the biological process utilizing isolated ISC proteins in conjunction with spectroscopic and spectrometric experiments that elucidate detailed protein function and molecular structure. In carrying out this cutting-edge research under the tutelage of a world-leading expert on iron-sulfur protein biogenesis, I will expand my expertise within the multidisciplinary field of biochemistry – in particular my understanding of the roles of metal ions in biology. In the process, I will build a solid foundation for a future research career as a group leader within the European Union.
Smart resilience indicators for smart critical infrastructures

Modern critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly “smarter” (e.g. cities). Making the infrastructures “smarter” usually means making them smarter in normal operation and use: more adaptive, more intelligent… But will these smart critical infrastructures (SCIs) behave equally “smartly” and be “smartly resilient” also when exposed to extreme threats, such as extreme weather disasters or terrorist attacks? If making existing infrastructure “smarter” is achieved by making it more complex, would it also make it more vulnerable? Would this affect resilience of an SCI as its ability to anticipate, prepare for, adapt and withstand, respond to, and recover?
These are the main questions tackled by this proposal.
The proposal envisages answering the above questions in several steps. (#1) By identifying existing indicators suitable for assessing resilience of SCIs. (#2) By identifying new “smart” resilience indicators (RIs) – including those from Big Data. (#3) By developing a new advanced resilience assessment methodology (TRL4) based on smart RIs (“resilience indicators cube”, including the resilience matrix). (#4) By developing the interactive “SCI Dashboard” tool. (#5) By applying the methodology/tools in 8 case studies, integrated under one virtual, smart-city-like, European case study. The SCIs considered (in 8 European countries!) deal with energy, transportation, health, water…
Results #2, #3, #4 and #5 are a breakthrough innovation.
This approach will allow benchmarking the best-practice solutions and identifying the early warnings, improving resilience of SCIs against new threats and cascading and ripple effects. The benefits/savings to be achieved by the project will be assessed by the reinsurance company participant. The consortium involves 7 leading end-users/industries in the area, 7 leading research organizations, supported by academia and lead by a dedicated European organization. External world leading resilience experts will be included in the CIRAB.
Compact Pneumatic Pulse-Jet Pump with Venturi-Like Reverse Flow Diverter

Abstract A compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump with a Venturi-like reverse flow diverter, which consists of a nozzle and diffuser, is designed for lifting and transporting a hazardous fluid through a narrow mounting hole. The pumping performance for a liquid mixture or a liquid-solid mixture is examined in terms of the effects of liquid viscosity, particle mass concentration, lifting height, and compression pressure. Results reveal that the pumping performance of the compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump is controlled by jet inertia and the flow resistance of the riser tube positioned after the diffuser. The capacity of the compact pneumatic pulse-jet pump increases with compression pressure and decreases with liquid viscosity. However, even for a liquid mixture with a high viscosity of 7.38 mPa·s, a pumping capacity of 170.7 L·h −1 was observed. For a liquid mixture, two dimensionless indices of performance were found to be the ratio of Euler numbers Eu out / Eu DV and the suction factor q . As the liquid-solid mixture was lifted to elevation of 6.74 m by the compact pump, the particle size distributions of the liquid-solid mixture in the tank and from the riser tube outlet were determined by a particle size analyzer and found to coincide well.
Implementing Welfare Quality&lt;SUP&gt;®&lt;/SUP&gt; in UK assurance schemes: evaluating the challenges

This paper presents an account of a Welfare Quality® assessment of 92 dairy farms carried out by seven experienced assessors. The aim was to evaluate the potential of the Welfare Quality® assessment protocol with respect to its uptake by UK farm assurance schemes. Data collection, and measure aggregation were performed according to the Welfare Quality® protocol for dairy cows. This study examined the data itself, by the testing of how hypothetical interventions might be reflected in changes in the aggregated scores, and also investigated human-related aspects, through inter-assessor standardisation sessions to evaluate reliability, and an assessor focus group to collect feedback. Overall, three main ‘challenges’ were identified. The first challenge related to the large amount of missing data. Unexpectedly, this was such that it was only possible to calculate an overall classification for 7% of farms. The second challenge concerned the way in which aggregated scores did not always reflect hypothetical interventions. The final challenge was inter-assessor reliability, where not all assessors were found to achieve acceptable levels of agreement on a number of outcome measures by the third training session. Suggestions for managing these challenges included, follow-up to assessor training, the use of multiple imputation methods to fill in missing data, and, where applicable, not aggregating the scores. The conclusion of the study was that the protocol provided useful information from which to make an informed selection of measures, but that the challenges, combined with the lengthy assessment time, were too great for its use as a certification tool.
Effects of catchment characteristics and climatic conditions on reservoir water capacity in a drought prone area

Crop production in semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is limited by over-reliance on erratic and inadequate rainfall, which often results in yield reduction or total crop failure. The effects of frequent droughts and dry spells need to be circumvented by water conservation. Where rainwater is harvested, research recommendations are based on direct use of the water without relating it to catchment characteristics, climatic conditions and long term storage. A study aimed at predicting sizes of seasonal open surface reservoir based on rainfall and runoff rainwater was conducted from 2012 to 2013 at Ukwe Area, Malawi. The work premised on assessment of land and hydrological factors as they impinge on runoff water storage. Rainfall-runoff relative analysis showed runoff trend following the magnitude of rainfall. Findings showed that runoff water harvested, under the Ukwe area landscape conditions, is linearly related to seasonal rainfall amount with coefficient of correlation of greater than 0.75, demonstrating vitality of rain and timing of rain harvesting for reservoir sustenance. Runoff amount was almost four times that of infiltrated amount, highlighting the fact that drought prone areas can be flood prone as well. Results further demonstrate that weekly reservoir balance using crop, livestock and domestic consumption, and losses through evaporation and seepage, as dry season progresses are critical for reservoir sizing during dam construction or crop field sizing at the onset of dry season.

	 

	Key words: Semi-arid, rainwater, reservoir, Malawi, runoff, coefficient.
Functional high-throughput analysis of the role of micrornas in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality transversal to different clinical settings and pathologies, including myocardial infarction. Ischemia is characterised by insufficient supply of blood to tissues causing tissue oxygen deprivation. Importantly, damage by prolonged ischemia is further aggravated by reperfusion, leading to irreversible tissue damage. Identifying and understanding the factors contributing to ischemia-reperfusion injury is essential to counteract the irreversible damage and to potentially develop novel therapeutic approaches to intervene in myocardial infarction. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs control various aspects of heart disease, including ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although a few microRNAs have already been implicated in this process, a comprehensive analysis of the functional role of microRNAs in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury is still missing.

The main goal of this project is to identify microRNAs controlling the resistance/susceptibility of cardiomyocytes to ischemia-reperfusion injury and characterise the molecular mechanisms underlying their function. This will be achieved through the combination of gain- and loss-of-function high-throughput screenings using genome-wide microRNA libraries, and deep-sequencing analysis of microRNA expression in conditions mimicking ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion in vitro and in vivo. The identification and characterisation of the molecular targets of the selected microRNAs will entail a combination of computational and experimental approaches

This project uses innovative experimental approaches and will unravel a previously unappreciated network of microRNAs and microRNA targets critical to ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may reveal novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention, with important clinical implications.
Brans-Dicke model constrained from the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and magnitude redshift relations of supernovae (Research Note)

We investigated the Brans-Dicke model with a variable cosmological term (BDΛ) with the coupling constant ω = 10 4 . We constrained the parameters inherent in this model from a comparison between the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the observed abundances. Furthermore, we studied the magnitude redshift (m − z) relations for the BDΛ with and without another constant cosmological term in a flat universe. Observational data of type Ia supernovae (SNIa) are used in the redshift range of 0.01 < z < 2. We found that our model with an energy density of the constant cosmological term of 0.7 can explain the SNIa observations, though the model parameters are insensitive to the m − z relation.
Imaging perfusion restrictions from extracellular solid stress

Even the perfect cancer drug must reach its target to have an effect. The ImPRESS project main objective is to develop a novel imaging paradigm coined Restricted Perfusion Imaging (RPI) to reveal - for the first time in humans - vascular restrictions in solid cancers caused by mechanical solid stress, and use RPI to demonstrate that alleviating this force will repair the cancerous microenvironment and improve therapeutic response. Delivery of anti-cancer drugs to the tumor is critically dependent on a functional vascular bed. Developing biomarkers that can measure how mechanical forces in a solid tumor impair perfusion and promotes therapy resistance is essential for treatment of disease. 

The ImPRESS project is based on the following observations; (I) pre-clinical work suggests that therapies targeting the tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix may enhance drug delivery by decompressing tumor vessels; (II) results from animal models may not be transferable because compressive forces in human tumors in vivo can be many times higher; and (III) there are no available imaging technologies for medical diagnostics of solid stress in human cancers. Using RPI, ImPRESS will conduct a comprehensive series of innovative studies in brain cancer patients to answer three key questions: (Q1) Can we image vascular restrictions in human cancers and map how the vasculature changes with tumor growth or treatment? (Q2) Can we use medical engineering to image solid stress in vivo? (Q3) Can RPI show that matrix-depleting drugs improve patient response to conventional chemo- and radiation therapy as well as new targeted therapies? 

The ImPRESS project holds a unique position to answer these questions by our unrivaled experience with advanced imaging of cancer patients. With successful delivery, ImPRESS will have a direct impact on patient treatment and establish an imaging paradigm that will pave the way for new scientific knowledge on how to revitalize cancer therapies.
An integral equation method to recover non-additive and non-separable heat source without initial temperature

Abstract When the unknown heat source is a non-additive and non-separable function of space–time it is very difficult to recover it. The paper proposes a more difficult mixed type inverse heat conduction problem by simultaneously recovering heat source term and unknown initial temperature, under extra measured data of boundary heat fluxes and a final time condition. We derive a domain/boundary integral equation method (DBIEM), and two different types adjoint Trefftz test functions are used to develop two different numerical algorithms, namely the DBIEM1 and the DBIEM2, which are effective and robust to recover the unknown heat source and initial value. In the adjoint Trefftz test functions we introduce a scaling factor and the multiple-scales are introduced in the trial functions, which play key roles to stabilize the resulting linear system. When we add a large absolute and relative noise up to 10% on the supplementary data, the present numerical methods are quite stable against large noise, and with a fast convergent solution of the linear system to determine the expansion coefficients, typically from five to twenty steps. It is remarkable that we can recover the general heat source function and unknown initial temperature without needing of internal measurement of temperature.
METHOD AND APPARATUS IN SCREENING FIBRE SUSPENSIONS

Method and apparatus in screening a fibre suspension in a pressure screen (10) with an inlet (1) for the fibre suspension and outlets (2, 3) for accept and reject, respectively, a conduit (12, 13) being respectively connected to said outlets, the reject conduit (13) opening to the atmosphere at its end facing away from the reject outlet and being at least partially at a higher level than both inlet (1) and reject outlet (3), the flow through said conduit (13) being measured, the difference between the measured value and a criterion value being determined, and the flow through the reject conduit (13) being changed in response to a function of the difference of the change of the flow through the accept conduit (12) by means of a valve (7) in said accept conduit (12).
Pandemic virus trace application for the effective knowledge transfer between science and society inside the quadruple helix collaboration

The concept of PandeVITA enables knowledge transfer between society and science inside of the quadruple helix on the European level. With help of the PandeVITA app, the consortium will create and execute an innovative evaluation concept based on different feedback categories to measure social awareness and acceptability of scientific recommendations and advices. This will include a concept for RRI standards which excludes the uncontrolled transfer of sensitive data provided by citizens for scientific purposes.
The PandeVITA project is structured in five stages. After a short stage 1 where basic project preparations will be executed, good practise analysis and framework developments will be proceeded in stage 2. This includes case studies about public health systems in four different countries, comparative reviews about applications which are already developed, and specifications of all data to be collected throughout the project regards privacy, trust, improvements, storage and other areas relevant for the Data Management Plan and for communication, dissemination and exploitation. Stage 3 is mainly dedicated to comparative and case studies where legal and ethical frameworks in different countries as well as decisions and sanctions of politics during the COVID-19 crisis analysed and different case studies about co-operations between science and society in health sectors during the COVID-19 crisis as well as societal voluntariness of participation and trust in knowledge exchange between science and society during the COVID-19 pandemic will be executed. Beside the PandeVITA app and platform will be developed which will be evaluated in stage 4 regarding usability, user experience and adoption as well as efficiency and effectiveness. In the last stage 5, final releases of the PandeVITA app and platform will be proceeded and an exploitation plan will be developed before PandeVITA becomes an independent and everlasting community.
ADriatic Network of artistic production for the development and enhancement of Intangible Cultural Heritage

The ADNICH project proposes the creation of a South Adriatic network between Italy, Albania and Montenegro, which can enhance the immaterial heritage of the three countries through art and theatre, by dialoguing the different expressive elements of anthropic landscape (identity, traditions,..) for the creation of innovative and cross-border contents. Article 2 of the UNESCO Convention defines intangible cultural heritage as "practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, know-how, as well as the tools, objects, artefacts and cultural spaces associated with them - communities, groups, and in some cases individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage“. This intangible cultural heritage, transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, and gives them a sense of identity and continuity by promoting such way of respect for cultural diversity and human creativity. The area involved by the Program presents extraordinary features of Mediterranean cultures and at the same time face the same problems in terms of ethnic minorities and immigrants’ integration, gender disparities. These issues – if managed correctly – may favour a new artistic and cultural synthesis in terms of theatre production, which is the subject that ADNICH intends to explore and promote within an international audience. ADNICH, after a first phase of anthropological analysis, intends to develop theatre residences and workshops involving the local communities of the three countries, aiming at developing joint productions to be promoted within a South Adriatic festival of experimental theatre. A path that aims to involve local communities, public institutions, schools, theatre academies, opinion leaders and local artists from the three countries as beneficiaries, but in a wider perspective produce a tourist network linked to the landscape and intangible assets.
Peripheral Ameloblastoma – Controversies and Recent Concepts about Origin & Behaviour

The peripheral ameloblastoma is a soft tissue variant of the more common intraosseous ameloblastoma. The precise nature of peripheral ameloblastoma (PA) continues to be controversial (neoplastic vs hamartomatous). Some authors believe that peripheral ameloblastoma is an innocuous lesion of hamartomatous nature without actual infiltration into the underlying bone. However over the years, rare malignant varieties of peripheral ameloblastomas have been documented. Also the etiology of peripheral ameloblastoma is unclear.  It is believed to arise directly from the overlying epithelium or from the remnants of the dental lamina located in the extraosseous soft tissue. This article attempts to review the features of peripheral ameloblastoma along with  the controversies and recent concepts regarding its origin and behavior.
Physical Regeneration of Urban Areas

The PHYRE network adopted a cooperation model to
establish a strong partnership from the outset.
According to the network the prerequisites for effective
cooperation are:
Trust – built from previous working together or having
a strong common interest
Commitment – willingness to put forward competent experts
on the selected subject
Credentials – diversity of experience, scale and approach
makes for an interesting exchange.
PHYRE built their partnership around these prerequisites and
noted the importance of the start up conference to allow
partners to get to know each other, provide an opportunity for
organisational issues to be resolved, create a platform for
formal and informal deliberation, get a common
understanding of the agenda and the expectations
and obligations of each partner. At this first meeting the
partners identified 3 thematic seminars as key moments
of cooperation. These seminars would be preceded
by a preparatory meeting and followed up in the following
meeting to present the results. This focus on improving
mechanisms for transnational co-operation has a clear added
value: Seminars are based on better defined theme, the
concrete benefits for the partners are visible and the partners
are motivated to contribute and actively participate.
The three seminars addressed the three sub themes:
1. Social and Mobility Policy within urban regeneration
2. Physical regeneration in housing areas; Cooperation and
negotiation with owners; Innovative procedures in brownfield
redevelopment
3. Economic aspects/unemployment within the field of urban
regeneration