SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Tapered Implants in Dentistry

The most common approach to lessen treatment times is by decreasing the healing period during which osseointegration is established. Implant design parameters such as implant surface, primary stability, thread configuration, body shape, and the type of bone have to be considered to obtain this objective. The relationship that exists between these components will define the initial stability of the implant. It is believed implant sites using a tapered design and surface modification can increase the primary stability in low-density bone. Furthermore, recent experimental preclinical work has shown the possibility of attaining primary stability of immediately loaded, tapered dental implants without compromising healing and rapid bone formation while minimizing the implant stability loss at compression sites. This may be of singular importance with immediate/early functional loading of single implants placed in poor-quality bone. The selection of an implant that will provide adequate stability in bone of poor quality is important. A tapered-screw implant design will provide adequate stability because it creates pressure on cortical bone in areas of reduced bone quality. Building on the success of traditional tapered implant therapy, newer tapered implant designs should aim to maximize the clinical outcome by implementing new technologies with adapted clinical workflows.
WAVELENGTH STABILISATION IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS

A method and apparatus for precision stabilization in optical communication systems, characterized by an optical tapped delay line which resolves multiple wavelength signals having extremely narrow wavelength spacing. The invention has particular utility in future DWDM systems having channel spacing at or below 25GHz. Laser output wavelengths are alternatively or simultaneously locked, tuned or monitored depending upon the embodiments selected.
Design and development for information management system of property insurance faced to ether-net

The system adopts C/S structure as the system structure, using JSP as a developing platform, Microsoft SQL Server database. At the same time, the whole system is developed combined with the basic theory of project management information system development, structure and basic principle and system developing steps. The system not only includes policy information entering, generating and managing compensation, but also includes creating different types of insurance type and editing corresponding types of payment information besides the customer and the employee information management. The purpose of this effective system is designed to improve the work efficiency of insurance companies and reduce the cost of insurance companies.
Reflowable Circuit Protection Device

A circuit protection device includes a substrate with first and second electrodes connected to the circuit to be protected. The circuit protection device also includes a heater element. A sensing element facilitates an electrical connection between the first and second electrodes. A flux material is provided around the sensing element. In a preferred embodiment, the flux contains a first component that is a polar material and a second component that is a non-polar material. A spring element exerts a force on the sensing element. The sensing element resists the force applied by the spring element. Upon detection of an activation, or fault, condition, the sensing element loses resilience and no longer resists the force exerted by the spring element, resulting in the spring element severing the electrical connection between the first and second electrodes. The flux allows the spring element to sever with electrical connection without dragging the sensing element.
On the generation of log-Lévy distributions and extreme randomness

The log-normal distribution is prevalent across the sciences, as it emerges from the combination of multiplicative processes and the central limit theorem (CLT). The CLT, beyond yielding the normal distribution, also yields the class of L?vy distributions. The log-L?vy distributions are the L?vy counterparts of the log-normal distribution, they appear in the context of ultraslow diffusion processes, and they are categorized by Mandelbrot as belonging to the class of extreme randomness. In this paper, we present a natural stochastic growth model from which both the log-normal distribution and the log-L?vy distributions emerge universally?the former in the case of deterministic underlying setting, and the latter in the case of stochastic underlying setting. In particular, we establish a stochastic growth model which universally generates Mandelbrot?s extreme randomness.
Características laboratoriais de um grupo de pacientes com artrite reumatoide inicial

To characterize a population of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to laboratory aspects, comparing it with other similar cohorts.Data presented are part of a prospective incident cohort study that evaluated 65 patients with early RA, followed for 36 months from the diagnosis at Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinic of Hospital Universitário de Brasília (HUB). We recorded demographics, clinical, and laboratory data relevant to the cohort initial assessment, including red blood cells, evidence of inflammatory activity, and presence of autoantibodies (rheumatoid factor (RF)), cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), and antivimentin citrullinated (anti-Sa).There was a preponderance of female (86%) with mean age of 45.6 years. Twelve patients (18.46%) had laboratory diagnosis of anemia (hemoglobin < 12 g / dL). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were above the reference value for 51 (78.46%) and 46 (70.76%) patients, respectively. Thirty-two patients (49.23%) were positive for at least one of the RF isotypes, and 28 patients (43.07%) were positive for IgA RF, 19 (29.23%) for IgG, and 32 ( 49.23%) for IgM RF, respectively; 34 patients (52.30%) were positive for at least one of the techniques used in investigation of anti-CCP (CCP2, or CCP3, or CCP3.1), while 9 (13,85%) were positive for anti-Sa.The laboratory characteristics of patients enrolled in this Brazilian cohort are similar in many respects to those of North-American, European, and Latin-American cohorts previously published.
Empirical redefinition of delusional disorder and its phenomenology: the DELIREMP study

Since Kraepelin, the controversy has persisted surrounding the nature of delusional disorder (DD) as a separate nosological entity or its clinical subtypes. Nevertheless, there has been no systematic study of its psychopathological structure based on patient interviews. Our goal was to empirically explore syndromic subentities in DD.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 86 outpatients with DSM-IV-confirmed DD using SCID-I. Psychopathological factors were identified by factor analysis of PANSS scores. The association between these factors and clinical variables (as per standardized instruments) was analyzed using uni- and multivariate techniques.PANSS symptoms were consistent with four factors (Paranoid, Cognitive, Schizoid, and Affective dimensions), accounting for 59.4% of the total variance. The Paranoid Dimension was associated with premorbid paranoid personality disorder, more adverse childhood experiences, chronic course, legal problems, worse global functioning, and poorer treatment adherence and response. The Cognitive Dimension was associated with poorer cognitive functioning, premorbid substance abuse, comorbid somatic diseases, mainly non-prominent visual hallucinations, fewer comorbid depressive disorders, and poorer global functioning. The Schizoid Dimension was associated with being single, a family history of schizophrenia, premorbid personality disorders (largely schizoid and schizotypal), non-prominent auditory hallucinations, and dysthymia. Finally, the Affective Dimension was associated with a family history of depression, premorbid obsessive personality, somatic delusions, absence of reference delusions, tactile and olfactory hallucinations, depressive and anxiety disorders, risk of suicide, and higher perceived stress.The identification and clinical validation of four separate psychopathological dimensions in DD provide evidence toward a more accurate conceptualization of DD and its types.
Evaluating the motives of child labourers in the informal economy

Purpose Conventionally, the marginalised population was considered to engage in child labour due to poverty, education or lack of other options, but indeed, a few children work voluntarily. However, a growing number of scholars, in recent years, have drawn their attention to the valuable question, “why children are engaged in child labour in the informal economy”. Even though a few studies have explored the motives of informal workers, to our knowledge not a single paper has explored the motives of child labourers working in the informal economy. The purpose of this study is to fill this gap by evaluating the motives of child labourers, through three competing theorisations of the informal economy. Design/methodology/approach In this study, face-to-face structured interviews of 45 child labourers were conducted, who worked in different automobile workshops in the city of Lahore, Pakistan. Respondents were selected using the snowball sampling technique as this strategy is suitable for researching sensitive issues and is feasible for small sample sizes. Findings The main finding is that no single explanation is universally applicable to all child labourers. Some (27 per cent) justify their participation in the informal sector as driven by necessity (structuralist perspective), majority (40 per cent) explain their participation in the informal economy as a rational economic choice (neo-liberal perspective) and finally, more than a quarter of respondents (31 per cent) engaged in child labour due to their own free will or voluntarily to work for their family (post-structuralist perspective). This study also revealed that entrepreneurial spawning is a key determinant of child labour as the majority of children, in our study, working in automobile workshops intended to start their own workshop business in the future. Research limitations/implications This article shows that children early engaged in work with entrepreneurial intention/spawning. Entrepreneurial education is very important in a child’s life. Entrepreneurial education will be a ticket to fulfill their dreams and learn new things with entrepreneurial attitude. Practical implications Government should develop the vocational training institutes for children who left the schools. Originality/value This study contributes to the body of literature by providing a better understanding of why children work in informal employment, an occupation generally perceived as constituting exploitative working conditions. This study also contributes to the wider literature of entrepreneurship by exploring “entrepreneurial spawning” as one of the major reasons underlying the participation of children in informal work.
Synaptic dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) of aging are a growing burden on societies. Although studies on the degeneration of neurons have been a main focus of research, increasing evidence points to synapses as the site where Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD) begin. There is growing evidence that synapses are sites of early and aberrant protein misfolding, aggregation and spread in NDDs. A key problem in research on NDDs has been that the normal physiological roles at synapses of the aggregation-prone proteins (β- amyloid/amyloid precursor protein, tau, α-synuclein and huntingtin), which are linked pathologically and genetically to these diseases, are not known. Using cutting-edge technologies and multidisciplinary approaches the SYNDEGEN consortium aims to bring together leading experts in cell biology, synapse biology and imaging, stem cell biology and NDDs in Europe to determine the molecular and cellular mechanisms whereby synapses become dysfunctional in AD, PD and HD for the purpose of developing novel therapies. The goal of the consortium is to train talented young scientists in interdisciplinary, innovative and collaborative research aimed at the development of novel molecular based treatment strategies for these major diseases of aging. A gap in the training of students in these important diseases is that disease expertise and novel methods to study synapses are localized in isolated groups in different locations in the EU. Similar questions are being asked about the mechanisms of synaptic dysfunction in AD, PD and HD, but no one university or company has sufficiently broad knowledge and technical expertise required to study and develop therapies for synaptic dysfunction in these disorders. This training programme will be implemented in 6 academic centres and 2 SMEs representing a comprehensive, highly interactive and multidisciplinary partnership.
Host range and genome adaptation of giant viruses

For more than a century, viruses were considered tiny particles, fully dependent on their host cells to replicate. The recent discovery of giant viruses, containing unusually large genomes, challenged this assumption and blurred the sharp division between viruses and cellular life. It was also striking to learn that many of the giant virus genomes encode translation-related genes, indicating that they are presumably more independent -in terms of translation- as compared to other viruses and potentially infect and replicate in a broad range of hosts. Nonetheless, for most of the giant viruses, the precise host range and natural host species remain to be investigated.
In the proposed project, I will investigate the host range and genome adaptation of giant viruses by combining in silico and wet-lab strategies. I postulate that, codon usage is an important factor in the adaptation of giant viruses to their hosts, where well-adapted codon usage provides for superior viral fitness. I will analyse the codon usage preferences among giant viruses and correlate these with the known and presumable hosts they infect. This will allow me to computationally predict the best-suited hosts, and subsequently, experimentally assess my predictions on different laboratory hosts. To further investigate whether codon usage defines the rate of genome adaptation of giant viruses, I will perform experimental evolution over a half year time period.
The origin and evolutionary history of giant viruses is controversially discussed. By investigating the evolutionary relationships between giant viruses and their hosts in the context of their codon usage preferences, I will contribute to a better understanding of the factors determining host range and the evolutionary processes shaping giant virus genomes. Disentangling the connection between genomic content and host range will provide important knowledge in the fields of virology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and virus-host interactions.
Biomolecular identification of ornaments

Symbolic material culture and personal ornaments can be used as effective proxies for tracking mobility and identity in the past: prehistoric Europe was interconnected by a network of long-distance exchange routes of shell “jewellery”. The movements of ornaments can thus reveal contact between communities, elucidating cultural dynamics and patterns of migration. 

In the absence of written documents, reconstructing the journey of ornaments from their place of origin to their final destination requires secure information on the taxonomy and provenance of the shells. BIJOU will develop a novel interdisciplinary approach for shell ornament identification, advancing the traditional morphological methods and exploiting the biomolecules trapped in shells as taxonomic barcodes. 

Integrating six state-of-the-art techniques (proteomics and amino acid analyses, macro- and micro-morphology, mineralogy, stable isotopes) and focusing on fifteen key archaeological sites across Europe, BIJOU will build the first publicly available reference collection of shells, identify the materials used to make ornaments and determine their local or exotic provenance. This will provide the long-awaited scientific basis for theories on long-distance exchange in prehistory. 

Building on the complementary expertise of the Researcher (archaeology and ancient proteins) and the Host Institution (shell biominerals), BIJOU will deliver long-term scientific benefits, including an ad-hoc methodology for the investigation of precious artefacts, and the establishment of an international network of archaeologists. The wealth of information on the modes and tempos of interaction between peoples in the past will be the focus of public dissemination and will inform current debate on the fundamental right of freedom of movement and perceived loss of cultural identity, contributing to building a European society that is truly “inclusive, innovative and reflective” (Europe 2020 strategy).
SGLT2 inhibition in diabetes mellitus: rationale and clinical prospects

This Review covers the rationale, physiological consequences and clinical application of pharmacological sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in whom renal glucose reabsorption might be upregulated, orally active, selective SGLT2 inhibitors improve glycaemic control to a therapeutically useful extent. Chronic administration of several SGLT2 inhibitors dose-dependently lowers HbA(1c) levels by 0.5-1.5% without causing hypoglycaemia. The unique mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors-which does not hinge upon β-cell function or tissue insulin sensitivity-means that they can exert their antihyperglycaemic effects in combination with any other oral antidiabetic drug as well as insulin. Available phase III studies confirm a good tolerability profile. Weight loss owing to urinary calorie leakage may be less than expected, but the negative energy balance offers a valuable clinical benefit. Offloading of sodium can assist blood pressure control. The progressive loss of efficacy in patients with reduced glomerular function will have to be balanced against the possibility of renal protection. The safety issues of genitourinary infections and cancer risk requires careful, proactive monitoring and analysis of robust exposure data, particularly in elderly, frail patients and in patients with impaired kidney function and/or high cardiovascular/cancer risk, who represent an increasing fraction of the population with diabetes mellitus.
IMPLEMENTASI FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM METODE TSUKAMOTO PADA PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBERIAN KREDIT PEMILIKAN RUMAH

Competition in today's banking world is getting heavier and tighter. This is because the products of the bank with the other banks can be said to be the same. So the competition for good customers to obtain product deposits and loans (mortgages) increasingly difficult. But the banking world are now widely utilize information technology to banking activities. One of the use of information technology is the use of decision support applications for granting loans (mortgages). The method used in the decision support system is a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to determine the calculation method of Tsukamoto decision. The implementation of this application is more emphasis on the decision-making process for granting to produce a decision issued. Keywords: Decision Support Systems, Home Ownership Credit (KPR), Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Tsukamoto method
Needs of an ESP Context: “Needs Analysis, Curriculum & Unit Design”

Needs analysis is a useful tool to understand students’ needs and to help the implementation of educational policies (Munby 1978, R. Richterich & J-L. Chancerel 1980, Van Els et. al. 1984).  Hence, this research is intending to probe the following research questions: 1) What are the learning styles of students who covered ENGL 191 and ENGL 192 at Faculty of Communication? 2) What are the needs of those students according to the learning styles?3) How can learning efficiency be improved through designing a curriculum for an ESP context? 4) Based on the designed curriculum how was a sample unit developed? This research intends to give some helpful hints and suggestion to those who are involved with material development.
European city facility

Our vision of the European City Facility (EUCF) is one where European cities have their say on how the EUCF financial support will be used to meet their needs and help them overcome barriers they face in financing and implementing their ambitious energy and climate strategies. 

The ultimate objective of the EUCF is to build a substantial pipeline of sustainable energy investment projects across cities in Europe. This will be achieved by providing targeted financial, technical, legal and capacity building support to overcome critical barriers, develop credible investment packages and mobilise finance. Delivering this will require organisational, technical and financial innovation, in particular to bridge the capacity and capability gap for small and medium-sized municipalities. 

The specific objectives are to:
- Provide hands-on locally rooted technical and financial expertise, inspired by ‘best in class’ European practice, to cities to deliver at least 225 credible and scalable investment concepts (hereafter referred to as IC) which should trigger more than EUR 320 M of public and private investment.
- Build the capacity of at least 450 public authority staff to develop substantial project pipelines and provide them with tools, networking and knowledge transfer opportunities which will facilitate and accelerate the IC implementation, including via innovative financing mechanisms and project aggregation.  
- Facilitate access especially for small and medium-sized municipalities to private finance, EU funding streams and similar facilities (e.g. ESIF, H2020-PDA, Elena-EIB) and advisory services such as the EIB Advisory Hub to realise and amplify the expected investments. 
- Use the successful IC and knowledge of EUCF beneficiaries to reach out to more than 8,000 cities and communities, encourage replication and catalyse further action across European cities.