SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Novel premium pre-filled syringe plunger made by micro- /injection moulding for innovative drug delivery systems and auto injectors

The global pre-filled syringes (PFS) market has currently a volume of more than 4 billion USD and is growing with a CAGR of 10% due to the increase of chronic diseases, growing demand of biologics and biosimilars and a high penetration rate of autoinjection devices. The segment of autoinjectors grows even faster with a CAGR of 24%. But there are challenges, that cannot be fully solved by the current generation of rubber syringe plungers. Biologics are very sensitive to any leachables, that can be extracted from the syringe components. Self-injection devices need an excellent gliding behaviour of the plunger to minimise patients pain-experience during the injection.
The innovative miPLUNGER can solve these challenges by introducing a cost-efficient two component TPE/PFA plunger element, that is manufactured in a reliable two-step micro injection moulding process. The new material is inherently free of any harmful leachables and provides excellent gliding behaviour. The process allows a cost-efficient sterile production under cleanroom conditions in just two process steps and a high flexibility in the plunger design.
MDX’ customers are the PFS manufacturers, the primary users of miPLUNGER will be producers of sensitive high-value drugs and those of advanced self-injection devices. MDX will cooperate with them early in their drug and device development to create a growing market for miPLUNGER. By making and selling its new plungers to the PFS producers, MDX anticipates a turnover of 9.6 million €, and an total staff headcount of 28 employees in 2024.
In the feasibility study, a detailed analysis of the best-fitting market segments will be conducted, including the cooperation with pilot customers for the validation of the business idea, as well as the elaboration of a thorough business plan for commercialisation. The results of the feasibility study will be integrated into the subsequent SME Phase 2 project to facilitate the commercial launch of miPLUNGER.
Time-Scale bridging potentials for realistic molecular dynamics simulations

The possibility to produce materials with ultra-strengths could revolutionize materials design. Since 80 years ultra-strength materials are known to exist only theoretically. Now, new experiments show that traditional believe can be overcome by nanostructured design. Yet, while selected experiments point towards this scientifically fascinating and technologically important possibility (e.g., for advances in structural and functional materials), further progress crucially relies on insight from theoretical simulations. The most successful simulation tool is molecular dynamics. Recent advances in hardware allow to tackle trillions of atoms making a comparison with nano-experiments almost possible. The nagging problem is, however, a huge time-scale gap of up to ten orders of magnitude and none of the presently available approaches is able to cope with this discrepancy.
TIME-BRIDGE aims at solving the time-scale problem by borrowing a concept well known and developed in the field of first-principles simulations: the pseudopotential ansatz. In first principles simulations a similar time scale gap exists between slow and fast moving electrons. The solution is to capture the effect of the fast electrons only effectively within a pseudopotential while retaining the motion of slow electrons important for chemical bonding. An equivalent pseudopotential ansatz is envisioned to be applicable to the fast thermal motion of atoms, the origin of the time scale problem. Capturing the thermal motion in an effective potential will allow to simulate the relevant mechanical processes occurring on microsecond and second time scales. In TIME-BRIDGE high risk and high gains apply: the physics of electrons is distinct from the atomic motion possibly making the pseudopotential ansatz non-transferable, but—based on PI’s distinguished expertise and his recent methodological advancements—a route to bridge the fundamental time scale gap might arise.
Percevite - sense and avoid technology for small drones

We will develop a sensor, communication, and processing suite for small drones for autonomously detecting and avoiding “ground-based” obstacles and flying objects.
To avoid ground-based obstacles, we aim for a lightweight, energy-efficient sensor and processing package that maximizes payload capacity. Self-supervised learning will allow for a breakthrough in perception range. This will enable effective fusion of stereo vision, motion, appearance, ranging and audio information. Our learning process will allow obstacle detection as far as the camera ‘sees’, rather than the current ± 30 m. For close distances, our solution does without energy expensive active sensors such as lasers or sonar.
For collaborative avoidance between drones and other air vehicles, we achieve an interoperable solution by combining multiple communication hardware types (ADSB, 4/5G, WiFi) to exchange information on position, speed, and future waypoints. This will enable drones to successfully avoid other flying vehicles even in a very densely used air space. The probability for a collision in a collaborative scenario will be in the order of 10-9.
For non-collaborative avoidance, we rely on sensors and even the communication hardware mentioned above. If a non-collaborative aircraft emits communication signals, for instance to a ground station, this hardware allows to retrieve angular measurements. These measurements can be fused with detection and angle estimations performed with multiple tiny microphones and cameras on board of the detecting drone. We estimate the collision probability in a non-collaborative scenario as 10-6.
These performances will be assessed by simulations and extensive real-world tests. The consortium will benefit from the partners’ academic and industrial background with expertise in autonomous flight of very light-weight drones, robust wireless communication, drone design, production, and operation to realize a commercially viable platform.
Ownership of mines and taxation in Castilian laws, from the middle ages to the early modern period: the decisive influence of the sovereign in the history of mining

ABSTRACT Sovereign ownership of mines and taxation were fundamental principles governing the mining economy of the territories of the Castilian crown during the medieval period. Ownership of mines meant that mineral wealth, discovered or undiscovered, belonged to the crown estate. Only the sovereign could grant mining rights to ‘private’ persons and impose mineral taxation. Particularly during the last three centuries of the Reconquista (thirteenth to fifteenth centuries), these principles were used to unify the situation in those territories falling under the sway of a sovereign with expansionist ambitions. Increasing globalisation of the metal trade in the thirteenth century and the formation of capital markets in Europe firmly put the Castilian crown in competition with other economic agents aiming to win a monopoly in metallic wealth. Castile's mining laws aspired to solve the ensuing tension by attracting merchant capital to the mines, aiming to absorb the comparative advantages of mining capital. In a protracted process, the mineral laws of the sixteenth century were a testimony to the decisive influence of the sovereign in the history of mining.
Soil physical parameters of a recently established agricultural recultivation site after brown coal mining in Eastern Germany

Our study deals with agricultural recultivation of open cast brown coal mining areas in Lusatia, Eastern Germany. In this region the largest brown coal (lignite) mining area of Germany is located. Lignite mining activities lead to major disturbances of the landscape. Recultivation efforts attempt to regenerate mining areas for agricultural land use options. The geological “parent” material is of saaleian origin, has a sandy texture and was excavated from several meters depths before mining and is now used for recultivating the excavated area. Consequently, it is free of recent soil organic carbon. The substrate itself is unstructured. The partly wet or dry substrate is subjected to strong mechanical stresses during the excavation, deposition, refilling and levelling processes throughout the year. This practice leads to more or less compacted soils/substrates which may result in small yields of agricultural crops. In this context we investigate the effect of different organic soil additives in combination with different recultivation crop rotations on the development of soil structure for improved agricultural land use. Our experimental site has been heaped up and levelled off in 2006 and 2007. On each of the 24 experimental sub areas undisturbed soil samples have been taken to characterise the substrates according to their mechanical and hydraulic parameters and to determine the scattering of these parameters on a site that is assumed to be recultivated as homogenously as possible. First results of our ongoing experimental study indicate that the soil physical properties such as texture, bulk density, precompression stress, air permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity are not identical on each of the 24 subplots. The soil physical properties behave differently in relation to each other. E.g. we found a negative correlation between bulk density (∼1.35–∼1.90 g/cm3) and precompression stress (∼30–70 kPa) and no decisive interrelation between bulk density and air permeability or saturated hydraulic conductivity.
Community as a Key Word: A Heuristic for Action-Oriented Sustainability Research

In this article, I outline the foundations of a consistent and systematic approach to conceptualizing communities in action-oriented sustainability research. More specifically, I develop a conceptual heuristic based on key questions related to ontology, epistemology, methodology and motivation that should be useful for researchers regarding the process of initiating, clarifying and reporting on research with communities. While the use of the community concept in sustainability research is particularly prominent, variability in the possible types of social groupings combined with the concept’s long and complicated etymology in the English language means the community concept lends itself easily to ambiguous and unspecified use. This can lead to problems of both conceptual vagueness and concept-object mismatch in scientific research, which in turn can influence the applicability and efficacy of research outcomes. While problems with community conceptualization are generally recognized, the heuristic developed here contributes by providing researchers with a framework and procedure for addressing these persistent challenges. The heuristic supports the rational and systematic development of a community concept that is sensitive to concrete contextual characteristics, while maintaining roots in a consistent philosophy of scientific knowledge production.
Does cross-border cooperation relate to a humanist-ethical code of values? theorizing the institutionalization of a cross-border governance humanist ethical code.

Is there an ethical dimension in cross-border cooperation (CBC)? How and to what extent are peoples’ lives affected by CBC and what is the role people play in shaping the CBC social order? What are the ethical values promoted by the European Union (EU) through CBC? Although European Union border scholars and practitioners highlight how important is to consider the ethical dimension of CBC for its successful management, this dimension has been so far neglected and understudied because of the lack of an appropriate methodological and theoretical background. Thus, I aim first, to fill this academic and policy making gap by addressing these questions and by proposing a pioneering ethical-humanist approach to CBC; second, to empirically test the cross-border governance ethical code that I have recently started elaborating. I argue that the ethical dimension of CBC needs to be scrutinized since border spaces are part and parcel of human activities and precisely because they are ‘human’, they must be structured and governed in an ethical manner. And the CBG ethical-code elaborated here is the necessary lynchpin to boost/strengthen integration. It is normatively important to institutionally determine whether ethical values such as trust, obligations, responsibility, solidarity and gift on which social exchange is grounded are considered by policy makers and stakeholders operating on CBC policies. The outcome of this analysis is an original, alternative modern CBC roadmap that promotes social conditions through which human beings as well as their natural environment can harmoniously develop through the fulfillment of specific needs. Finally, through CBC-ETHOS I will show ‘how’ and ‘to what extent’ multi-scalar (private and public) (non)government levels change themselves in their ‘normative’ institutional make-up and outlooks due to CBC.
Doping control analysis of filgrastim in equine plasma and its application to a co-administration study of filgrastim and recombinant human erythropoietin in the horse

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor regulating granulopoiesis. The recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is widely used for the treatment of granulopenia in humans. Filgrastim is a rhG-CSF analogue and is marketed under various brand names, including Neupogen(®) (Amgen), Imumax(®) (Abbott Laboratories), Neukine(®) (Intas Biopharmaceuticals) and others. It is banned in both human and equine sports owing to its potential for misuse. In order to control the abuse of filgrastim in equine sports, a method to identify unequivocally its prior use in horses is required. This study describes an effective screening method for filgrastim in equine plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (ELISA), and a follow-up confirmatory method for the unequivocal identification of filgrastim by analysing its highly specific tryptic peptide (1)MTPLGPASSLPQSFLLK(17). Filgrastim was isolated from equine plasma by immunoaffinity purification. After trypsin digestion, the mixture was analysed by nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Filgrastim could be detected and confirmed at 0.2ng/mL in equine plasma. The applicability of the ELISA screening method and the LC/MS/MS confirmation method was demonstrated by analysing post-administration plasma samples collected from horses having been co-administered with epoetin alfa as recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) and filgrastim as rhG-CSF. rhEPO and filgrastim could be detected in plasma samples collected from horses for at least 57 and 101h respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first identification of filgrastim in post-administration samples from horses.
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING POWER FROM FLUID FLOW

An apparatus for generating electricity using water flow in a body of water comprises: an array of spaced apart elements. Each element defines an elongate flow passage and has an upstream side and an elgonate downstream side, each element being provided with a series of holes spaced along its length and the downstream side extending and tapering away in the direction of flow. The elements are arranged side by side such that opposing walls of adjacent elements define a venturi section and a first diffuser section extending downstream from the venturi section. The apparatus also comprises: - a flow conduit having an inlet and an outlet; - a turbine located in the flow conduit; and - a generator connected to the turbine; The flow passages are connected to the outlet of the flow conduit such that the flow of water through the venturi sections causes water to be drawn through the flow conduit out via the holes the resulting flow driving the turbine.
Metrology of carbohydrates for enabling european bioindustries

CarboMet will foster and drive collaboration, cross-fertilisation and communication among stakeholders to facilitate a uniform approach to the metrology and/or measurement of carbohydrates for exploitation in biopharmaceuticals, diagnosis of disease and precision medicine, food and personal care and sustainable material BioIndustries. This will be achieved through a consolidated approach towards the modification of key emerging technologies or identification of radically new technologies currently unforeseen by technology roadmaps.
Carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are especially challenging to analyse due to their high stereochemical diversity which means it is difficult to distinguish between them and fully characterise using standard techniques and methods. Current methodologies to fully solve 3-D structures include NMR and X-Ray Crystallography which are low-throughput, require large samples and have poor sensitivity. Emerging technologies are beginning to address these issues such as Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry (IM-MS) and the combination of 3 gas phase techniques: IR spectroscopy with IM-MS in-vitro enabling high-throughput with higher sensitivity, small samples, and analysis from mixtures to provide structural detail on each component. These technologies are underpinned by advanced supporting technologies such as automated carbohydrate synthesis, bioinformatics tools and databases, and new suites of enzymes for glycan synthesis and modification. CarboMet will use a range of communication and dissemination tools (meetings, workshops, website, surveys, briefing papers) to engage key stakeholders, to establish the current emerging technologies, limitations, and barriers to implementation. Priority areas, future challenges and a wish list of capabilities will then be defined, culminating in the production of a roadmap for 2030, setting out a Europe-wide vision. These capabilities will lead to new robust metrologies for the exploitation of carbohydrates.
Robust light manipulation in plasmonic nanostructures assisted by topological protection

Materials that present plasmonic resonances feature the unique capability of confining light in nanometer-scale volumes. Resonant metal nanostructures, such as gold or silver nanoparticles, support localized surface plasmon resonances upon light illumination. These are free electron oscillations coupled to the electromagnetic field that enable light concentration even beyond the diffraction limit. For this reason plasmonics is a key tool for guiding and focusing light in order to extend the use of optical techniques into the nanoscale, with current and potential applications ranging from ultrasensitive chemical and biological sensor devices to imaging, non-linear optics or enhanced light absorption in photovoltaic cells.

On the other hand, the study of topological phases and protected states in solid state systems as well as in photonic crystals has been very successful in recent years, since electronic or photonic states protected by the global symmetries of the system can propagate without suffering from scattering at defects or disorder. This has raised interest both from a fundamental point of view, with new physics being developed and understood –such as topological insulators–, as well as with views to applied technologies, which would greatly benefit from dissipation-free transport of electrons or photons. 

While the field of plasmonics has reached a mature state, the performance of some plasmonic devices is affected by ohmic losses in the metal and fabrication defects. Novel and improved functionalities are needed in order to design efficient plasmonic devices. This research aims at adding novel capabilities to the field of plasmonics by designing topologically protected light modes sustained by plasmonic nanostructures. I will study periodic two-dimensional arrangements of metal nanoantennas (metasurfaces) as promising nanostructures to support topologically protected modes with applications in light manipulation in the nanoscale.
Urban public transport in Europe: Technology diffusion and market organisation

Abstract Technological change and incremental technology, at various levels, are believed to have played an important role in the success of urban public transport in Europe. In this paper, a historical overview of the evolution of different transport modes across different European cities is presented. Our major concern is with the processes of diffusion of urban transport modes in European cities and, in particular, with the factors, mainly of an economic nature, that may explain their rates of adoption across Europe. Among these factors, special attention is given to the role played by the dimension and organisation of public transport markets in the rates of adoption of different public transport modes. The main conclusion of the paper is that the success of the introduction of a new transport mode appeared to be mainly related to its ability to provide cheaper and more reliable transport services compared with previous transport modes, and that, in the case of the electric tram, this was achieved by transforming of the structure of the market relating to this urban transport mode into monopolies.
Mapping dendritic information processing in behaving mice using simultaneous spatio-temporal voltage and calcium imaging and whole-cell electrophysiology

Dendritic information processing is fundamental to how we perceive and interact with the world around us. Spatio-temporal maps of dendritic voltage reveal how information is processed in the brain, but remain unexplored in awake animals, since no recording technique was previously available to study them.
I recently developed a novel technique for spatio-temporal mapping of dendritic processing in unparalleled detail (Roome and Kuhn, 2018). My pioneering experiments provided the first observation of spatio-temporal dendritic voltage signalling in vivo. For the first time, I combined simultaneous dendritic voltage and calcium imaging with somatic recording in cerebellar Purkinje neurons of awake mice to reveal complex dendritic processes, including discrete dendritic spikelets, back-propagating action potentials and localized subthreshold signalling. 
Using my novel technique to record from neocortical Pyramidal neurons, I will now investigate dendritic processing in behaving mice, to explore how memories are formed during learning. I will focus on how back-propagating action potentials contribute to dendritic processing, through modulation of synaptic plasticity. The Laboratory of Sensory Processing (Prof. Carl Petersen) at EPFL, Switzerland, is specialized for investigating synaptic mechanisms of sensory processing and highly experienced in whole-cell recording and optical imaging during animal behaviour and training; all of which are critical for the success of this project. 
This fellowship will be instrumental in propelling a technique, that I have been committed to developing, towards state-of-the-art research in neuroscience. It will provide an ideal avenue for introducing a new technique to Europe, through a world leading laboratory, and prove invaluable for sharing skills I acquired abroad, while establishing networks and collaborations as I re-integrate into the European neuroscience community, in pursuit of a professional research carrier based in Europe.