SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Early Life Exposure to the 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Old-Age Mortality by Cause of Death

We sought to analyze how early exposure to the 1918 influenza pandemic is associated with old-age mortality by cause of death.We analyzed the National Health Interview Survey (n = 81,571; follow-up 1989-2006; 43,808 deaths) and used year and quarter of birth to assess timing of pandemic exposure. We used Cox proportional and Fine-Gray competing hazard models for all-cause and cause-specific mortality, respectively.Cohorts born during pandemic peaks had excess all-cause mortality attributed to increased noncancer mortality. We found evidence for a trade-off between noncancer and cancer causes: cohorts with high noncancer mortality had low cancer mortality, and vice versa.Early disease exposure increases old-age mortality through noncancer causes, which include respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, and may trigger a trade-off in the risk of cancer and noncancer causes. Potential mechanisms include inflammation or apoptosis. The findings contribute to our understanding of the causes of death behind the early disease exposure-later mortality association. The cancer-noncancer trade-off is potentially important for understanding the mechanisms behind these associations.
Reliability of IR-imaging of PV-plants under operating conditions

Abstract The quality check of PV-plants under certain operating conditions by employing infrared-imaging has acquired significance during the last years. In order to prove the reliability of these techniques in terms of power loss, life time, critical temperatures and failure mechanisms, fifteen PV-plants were investigated in detail. In total, about 260 dismantled modules were analyzed by power measurements as well as electroluminescence and IR-thermography. Apart from revealing the reliability of this technique, the evaluated data manifest various failure mechanisms, like cell fracture, deficient solder joints, short-circuited cells and bypassed substrings. The impact of these frequently detected defects on the resulting temperature, the IV-curve and the power output is discussed. Finally, differing defects can be diagnosed by characteristic temperature differences. In conclusion, the reliability and usefulness of infrared-mapping of PV-plants were proved with the result, that all modules having cells with increased temperature show remarkably reduced power output.
PROCESS FOR HYDROLYSIS OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES

Provided is a method comprising (a) providing a hydrolysis composition of at least 20 wt% of sugar equivalents, wherein the hydrolysis composition comprises a first oligosaccharide, water, optionally a soluble aromatic compound, (b) contacting the hydrolysis composition with a catalyst in a first reactor to hydrolyze at least a portion of the first oligosaccharide to form a first product composition comprising a first monosaccharide and a second oligosaccharide, (c) separating the first monosaccharide from the first product composition to form a second product composition comprising the second oligosaccharide, wherein at least a portion of the second oligosaccharide is a reversion sugar, and (d) converting via a further hydrolysis step at least a portion of the second oligosaccharide to form a third product composition comprising a second monosaccharide.
Model and Program Repair via SAT Solving

We consider the subtractive model repair problem : given a finite Kripke structure M and a CTL formula η, determine if M contains a substructure M ′ that satisfies η. Thus, M can be “repaired” to satisfy eta by deleting some transitions and states. We map an instance 〈 M ,η 〉 of model repair to a Boolean formula repair ( M ,η) such that 〈 M ,η 〉 has a solution iff repair ( M ,η) is satisfiable. Furthermore, a satisfying assignment determines which states and transitions must be removed from M to yield a model M ′ of η Thus, we can use any SAT solver to repair Kripke structures. Using a complete SAT solver yields a complete algorithm: it always finds a repair if one exists. We also show that CTL model repair is NP-complete. We extend the basic repair method in three directions: (1) the use of abstraction mappings, that is, repair a structure abstracted from M and then concretize the resulting repair to obtain a repair of M , (2) repair concurrent Kripke structures and concurrent programs: we use the pairwise method of Attie and Emerson to represent and repair the behavior of a concurrent program, as a set of “concurrent Kripke structures”, with only a quadratic increase in the size of the repair formula, and (3) repair hierarchical Kripke structures: we use a CTL formula to summarize the behavior of each “box,” and CTL deduction to relate the box formula with the overall specification.
Accelerate innovation in urban wastewater management for climate change

The challenges facing society in urban wastewater management cannot be solved by any one sector alone. ALICE (AcceLerate Innovation in urban wastewater management for Climate changE) will accelerate innovation by bringing together and exchanging knowledge between the key players who can, together, address the future techno-economic, governance and societal challenges arising from climate change. It will boost international and interdisciplinary skills, as well as careers perspective of Experienced Researchers, Early Stage Researchers, and the workforce of industry, water utilities and public organizations. The results will 1) benefit water utilities, 2) support political and managerial decisions in wastewater, 3) benefit wastewater equipment manufacturers, identifying new market opportunities in the EU, 4) benefit EU citizens from the improved wastewater infrastructure, the environment and job creations.

Higher precipitation and more frequent storms will require change in sewer water management. Moreover, higher risks of water scarcity and droughts require increased wastewater reuse, currently at 20% of its potential in the EU. These changes will lead to increased energy demand in a sector that is already a major contributor of carbon emissions. ALICE will promote effective solutions based on innovative technologies, green infrastructures, climate vulnerability assessments, governance and economic models, embracing stakeholders’ and citizens’ views to overcome barriers to the acceptance and uptake of new technologies. The excellence of the project lies in the joined-up thinking of different perspectives and disciplines. Academic and non-academic partners along the wastewater value-chain will exchange knowledge, develop training, research and innovation activities. ALICE will build lasting knowledge and cooperation networks and will provide the non-academic sector with practical solutions to respond in innovative ways to the challenges posed by climate change.
Diego Sandoval De Castro, un barlume intellettuale nell'oscura torre di Isabella Morra.

Diego Sandoval de Castro, a poet of Spanish origins, published his “Petrarchian rhymes” in Naples in 1542, but these were not his only writings. The poet, in fact, offered the poetess Isabella Morra, imprisoned in a tower due to the oppressive and cruel attitude of her brothers, a disinterested and curious friendship concerning her art and her poetics, leaving testimony of this in the letters he addressed to her. Diego Sandoval de Castro represented for Isabella Morra the only contact with the outside world, the only intellectual chemistry comparable to a functional human relationship. Although the social system of the time ruthlessly crushed their relationship, collection of their letters remains as an example of a phylogenical approach to suffering and female condition. Diego Sandoval de Castro, poeta di origini spagnole, pubblicò a Napoli le sue “Rime petrarchesche” nel 1542, ma non furono i suoi unici scritti. Il poeta, infatti, offrì alla poetessa Isabella Morra, reclusa in una torre a causa dell’atteggiamento oppressore e crudele dei fratelli, un’amicizia disinteressata e curiosa verso la sua arte e la sua poetica, lasciando testimonianza di questo nelle lettere a lei indirizzate. Diego Sandoval de Castro rappresentò per Isabella Morra l’unico contatto con il mondo esteriore, l’unica intesa intellettuale paragonabile a una relazione umana funzionale. Nonostante il sistema sociale dell’epoca abbia schiacciato in modo spietato la loro relazione, lo scambio epistolare rimane un esempio di approccio filogino alla sofferenza e alla condizione femminile.
Supplements of design culture on wood made for traditional furniture

This paper attempts to analyze and study the design feature of traditional furniture integrating the theory on evolution reason from the following three aspects,that is,the construction modeling of the traditional furniture,appropriate selection,preparation and its achievements of art to explore the culture of traditional wooden furniture design——according to the nature of raw wooden materialsin design and the delicate production technology on making furniture so that people can't seethe marks when engraved,striving to keep its perfect balance between its natural fortune and workmanship,hoping to make a contribution to the inheritance and development of New Chinese Furniture design which is gradually becoming the focus of the furniture industry today.
PROJECT CODE: 13152 — POR BRANDS ERDF 2014-2020 -ASSE 3Â¿OS 8Â ACTION 8.2 Â¿Â FINANCING OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE QUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION OF ACCOMMODATION FACILITIESÂ¿

PROJECT CODE: 13152 — POR BRANDS ERDF 2014-2020 -ASSE 3Â¿OS 8Â ACTION 8.2 Â¿Â FINANCING OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE QUALITY, SUSTAINABILITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION OF ACCOMMODATION FACILITIESÂ¿
FROZEN DESSERT AND DRINK DISPENSER AND METHOD

A frozen drink and dessert dispenser (100) and method therefor. The frozen drink and dessert dispenser and method permits the simultaneous or alternate dispensing of two products. Further, through a dispensing valve system (400) controlled by a controller (502, 512), residue of dispensed product is purged from the product dispenser (100) prior to the dispensing of the next serving of product and product may be dispensed in predetermined amounts. The frozen drink and dessert dispenser (100) and method also permits the automated cleaning of substantially all of the dispenser without any significant disassembly of the dispenser.
Mucobiome-Mediated immune pathways in inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders characterized by persistent ulcerations in the gastrointestinal tract, drastically affecting the patient’s quality of life. Initially regarded as “Western diseases”, they have now become a global problem. Despite IBD being a set of inflammatory diseases, the underlying host immune pathways remain unclear, making it difficult to reliably treat and cure patients. The low-fiber Western diet, and the microbial communities that live in our intestines (the gut “microbiome”), have been proposed as major environmental contributors of the disease - but the mechanisms of their contribution are poorly understood. 
Among the gut microbiome, the mucobiomes are defined as the microbial communities enzymatically geared to digest the host intestinal mucus layer – our first line of defense against invading pathogens. Their mucolytic activities are regulated by dietary fibers. Thus, we hypothesize that, under a low-fiber diet, the mucobiomes catalyze important disease-promoting immune pathways of IBD. Using an original animal model combining genetic susceptibility, dietary fiber deficiency and different microbiota compositions, we aim at highlighting (1) the role of the mucobiome in IBD pathogenesis, and (2) key immune-pathways regulated by the mucobiome. These objectives are ambitious, yet highly feasible given the expertise of the actors. The proposed work provides a unique dimension to understand the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of a key physiological trait of gut bacteria: host-secreted mucus degradation. The success of this project relies on a close interdisciplinary collaboration that will benefit to develop the researcher's career, the hosting group’s projects, the hosting institute's visibility, and establish innovative diet-based therapies for IBD patients.
The exposure and adoption of New Rice for Africa (NERICAs) among Ghanaian rice farmers: What is the evidence?

The sustainable development of the rice sector in Ghana is constrained by environmental, socioeconomic, research and development factors. Productivity is generally low, about 1 mt/ha under upland and rain-fed lowland rice ecologies which dominate rice production systems in the country. The release and diffusion of the New Rice for Africa (NERICA) varieties across many countries in Africa (including Ghana) brought renewed hope to both farmers and the research community because of the desirable qualities associated with the NERICAs, and therefore their potential to improve food security on a sustainable basis. This study therefore sought to assess the extent of exposure and adoption of the NERICA varieties across the rice growing districts in Ghana, and determine the key factors that affect adoption. A total of 489 rice producing households from three districts (Ejura-Sekyedumase, Hohoe and Tolon-Kumbungu) were involved in the study. The study employs the average treatment effect (ATE) methodology which provides an appropriate framework for the identification and consistent estimation of the population adoption rate and that of the determinants of adoption. The study finds that exposure to NERICA varieties is generally low in Ghana with an average rate of about 6%. Similarly, the adoption of improved rice varieties is low, and the adoption of NERICA varieties is about 6% of the total sample surveyed. The study shows that experience, education and location are important determinants of exposure, while age and access to extension also affect adoption. It is therefore recommended that much effort and resources should be invested in promotional activities to facilitate both the exposure and adoption of the NERICAs among farmers in Ghana.
Spatial accessibility of medical services in mountainous regions based on modified two-step floating catchment area method:a case study of Shizhu County, Chongqing

Poverty-stricken mountainous areas often experience a severe shortage of medical resources, with uneven distribution and poor service capacity. This study uses the modified two-step floating catchment area method to analyze the characteristics of spatial accessibility of medical services in Shizhu County, Chongqing Municipality, southwestern China. It explores factors affecting the spatial accessibility of medical services from a supply and demand perspective, aiming for providing decision support for the planning of medical resources space allocation of mountainous regions. The basic unit of analysis is natural villages. Results show that:(1)Overall, the spatial accessibility of medical services in Shizhu County is poor and below the average level in Chongqing Municipality.(2) Medical resources distribution is uneven and the spatial differentiation is very clear.High accessibility areas mainly concentrate in the low and middle mountain areas of Fangdou Mountain and Huangshui Town. Low accessibility areas mainly concentrate in the high mountainous areas of northern Qiyao Mountain and middle mountain areas of southern Qiyao Mountain. The difference in accessibility is significant.(3) Scale and grade of hospitals and grade and density of roads have certain effect on accessibility: Accessibility is generally good in places near the county seat and have a dense road network.(4) Accessibility is high in places of dense road network.(5) With the increase of the distance impedance, accessibility gets better within the county but deteriorates at the peripherals of the villages and towns. The range of accessibility is lower,differentiation of spatial accessibility of medical services shrink, and the influences of the villages and towns with sufficient medical resources on accessibility of surrounding villages and towns increase.
Ultra-High Performance Concrete Waffle Slab Bridge Deck for Wapello County, Iowa

This article reports on two bridge projects in the state of Iowa that have been completed using ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The first was the Mars Hill Bridge, a single-span, 110-ft (33.5-m) long, prestressed I-girder bridge, in Wapello County, Iowa. The three girders of the cross-section were cast with UHPC. The second bridge was the Jakway Park Bridge, a three-span 110-ft (33.5-m) long bridge, in Buchanan County, Iowa. The center 50-ft (15.2-m) long span was constructed with UHPC using the pi-girder cross section developed by the FHWA and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Prior to constructing the Wapello County bridge with precast waffle slab deck panels made with ultra-high performance concrete, two test panels were manufactured and subjected to static and fatigue load testing. The authors describe the design and testing of these panels, finding that no fatigue damage was noted after 1 million cycles of loading applied to the laboratory specimen (to represent wheel loads). The authors also briefly report on progress in the bridge construction (which was delayed by flooding in Iowa in 2010). Readers wishing to obtain more information about the Iowa project and UHPC are referred to www.fhwa.dot.gov/hfl/partnerships/coreslab/phase1/app_index.cfm.
Cost Analysis ofMAP/G(a, b)/1/NQueue with Multiple Vacations and Closedown Times

AbstractThis paper gives the cost analysis of a finite capacity single server bulk queueing model with closedown times. The server serves the customers in batches of maximum size ‘b’ with a minimum threshold value ‘a’. Customers arrive according to a Markovian Arrival Process (MAP). On completion of a service, if the queue length is less than ‘a’, then the server performs a closedown work and then leaves for a vacation of random length. When the server returns from vacation and if the queue length is still less than ‘a’ he avails another vacation and so on until the server finds ‘a’ customers waiting in the queue. After the completion of a service, if the number of customers in the queue is greater than a specified value ‘a’ then the server will continue the batch service with general bulk service rule. On the other hand, if the server finds at least ‘a’ customers during closedown period, he immediately starts serving the batch of ‘a’ customers. Using supplementary variable and imbedded Markov chain techn...
Toying with fate: Redirecting the differentiation of adrenocortical progenitor cells into gonadal-like tissue

Cell fate decisions are integral to zonation and remodeling of the adrenal cortex. Animal models exhibiting ectopic differentiation of gonadal-like cells in the adrenal cortex can shed light on the molecular mechanisms regulating steroidogenic cell fate. In one such model, prepubertal gonadectomy (GDX) of mice triggers the formation of adrenocortical neoplasms that resemble luteinized ovarian stroma. Transcriptomic analysis and genome-wide DNA methylation mapping have identified genetic and epigenetic markers of GDX-induced adrenocortical neoplasia. Members of the GATA transcription factor family have emerged as key regulators of cell fate in this model. Expression of Gata4 is pivotal for the accumulation of gonadal-like cells in the adrenal glands of gonadectomized mice, whereas expression of Gata6 limits the spontaneous and GDX-induced differentiation of gonadal-like cells in the adrenal cortex. Additionally, Gata6 is essential for proper development of the adrenal X-zone, a layer analogous to the fetal zone of the human adrenal cortex. The relevance of these observations to developmental signaling pathways in the adrenal cortex, to other animal models of altered adrenocortical cell fate, and to human diseases is discussed.
International trends in labor risk legislation

It had been established that labor damage are: labor injuries, professional diseases and others diseases related with labor conditions. All of them are referred to as diseases or damages suffered as a consequence of a labor relations. It is implied that the damage occurs in the place or during a labor scheduled time with a causal direct relation. There is a trend in the Spanish labor legislation, which is controversial in labor medicine, because it includes a Law for the Prevention of Labor Risks that consider also chronic diseases as a nontraumatic cause of labor risk to conditioned damage during the labor journey. Language: es
Minimum viable product for automated 3d imaging reconstruction of the bladder and the bladder cancer

AIR3D will validate the business potential of the automatic 3D imaging reconstruction software developed within the EDIT FET project. Such software allows performing fast, non-invasive 3D visualization of several information on the bladder in real-time with user friendly interaction with the operator. It combines pre-clinical information from Ultra Sound (US) and Photoacoustic (PA) imaging towards the early diagnosis of bladder cancer and monitoring of cancer progress during therapy and follow-up. Ultrasound (US) and PA imaging are non-invasive non-ionizing technologies, but imaging reconstruction methods are still time-consuming (in particular for high-volume organ as bladder), being manual or semi-manual processes and requiring well trained people.
Nowadays bladder cancer is the ninth most common malignancy globally, with an estimated 430.000 new diagnoses annually, while it has the highest lifetime treatment costs per patient of all cancers. The successful adoption of the software by the market will improve early diagnosis of cancer and better monitoring of the efficacy of ongoing therapies (more accurate and precise 3D images available immediately), as consequence the software will have both societal and economic impact, improving the quality of life of millions of people while reducing social costs and costs of care centres in image processing (no high-skilled personnel needed).
During AIR3D, owners of the EDIT software (LIME and OSR) will be supported by and advisory company (META) to define the best exploitation model for the commercialisation of the software and validate it through the use of the Lean Start up approach. Interaction with relevant stakeholders are foreseen for the validation of the pre-commercial prototype (testing at early adopters’ premises), raise the interest of potential clients (presenting the prototype at international events) and raise funding for scale up and clinical development (pitching in front of investors).
Experiment on Sand Incubator: An Alternative Mini-Hatchery Technique for Smallholder Poultry Farmers

The experiment was conducted to compare and evaluate the hatchability and survival rate of a sand incubator and natural hen incubation technique and to estimate the profitability of the two different incubation techniques. The results of this study indicated that fertility, hatchability and dead in shell there were no significant difference (P>0.05) among the treatments. Embryonic mortality, normal DOC, abnormal DOC and chick weight showed significant differences (P<0.05) among the treatments. Higher embryonic mortality (17%) in broody hen than (9.2%) in sand incubator was observed. On the first batch, the net return per 100 eggs in sand incubation was 177.83 ETB ($9.3) which is higher net return/ profit from that of the broody hen incubation (-441.05 ETB) or ($-23.0) which were not profitable for the first batch at 70.80% hatchability. On the 1st year run the net return was estimated and can incurred by sand incubator which make it sustainable in profitability for the smallholder farmers by making high income for the next seven years of production period. Finally in order to improve the performance of the hatchery traits before the technology adopt to the farmers intensive adoptive research should be conduct and also training of smallholder poultry producers in the hatchery management of sand incubator is very crucial. Keywords: Sand incubator, broody hen, hatchability, net return