SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PLACING PARTICULATE MATERIALS IN SUBTERRANEAN ZONES

Methods and compositions for placing particulate materials in subterranean zones penetrated by well bores are provided. The methods basically comprise the following steps. A pumpable compacted particulate material fluid is prepared or provided comprising compacted particulate material and a foam within the pore spaces of the compacted particulate material. The foam comprises a pressurized gas and a liquid solution of a foam forming surfactant. After being prepared or provided, the compacted particulate material fluid is pumped into a subterranean zone by way of a well bore penetrating the zone.
[A case of effective trastuzumab plus gemcitabine therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer].

A 71-year-old postmenopausal woman was undergoing treatment for depression. She visited the hospital with a chief complaint of fibrosclerosis of the entire left breast 8 years previously. She was diagnosed as having stage IV( T3N1M1b) left breast cancer (papillotubular>scirrhous carcinoma, g+, f+, estrogen receptor [ER]-negative, progesterone receptor [PgR]-negative, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2[ HER2/neu]-positive[ 3+]). Synchronous bone metastases were detected in the left tenth rib, the eleventh dorsal vertebra, and in the area spanning the lower lumbar to sacral vertebrae. First-line treatment was systemic therapy with 4 cycles of Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by 4 cycles of trastuzumab and paclitaxel. The breast mass initially observed on clinical imaging disappeared and only calcifications were observed. Bone metastases were detected only in the left tenth rib. As an additional therapy, 3-dimensional radiotherapy( 50 Gy/25 fractions), which irradiated the left mammary gland, axilla, and supraclavicular fossa, was administered. The tumor was well controlled for approximately 3 years. However, a gradual increase in the level of carcinoembryonic antigen( CEA) was accompanied by an increase in the left breast mass and enlargement of left axillary lymph nodes. Modified radical mastectomy (Bt+Ax [level I]) was performed for this condition 3 years ago. Papillotubular-type invasive ductal carcinoma (INF β, ly3, v0, g+, f+, s+, nuclear grade 3 [atypia 3+mitosis 3]) was diagnosed histopathologically. Lymph node metastases were also detected. As histopathological examination of the bone metastatic lesion showed no progression, administration of lapatinib and capecitabine was initiated. After 15 cycles of treatment, enlarged right axillary lymph nodes were observed and local excision was performed. Histopathological examination revealed recurrence of the breast cancer. The patient was diagnosed as having grade 3( atypia 3, mitosis 2) breast cancer( ER-negative, PgR-negative, HER2/neu positive[ 3+], and MIB-1 index 50%). The response to treatment with lapatinib and capecitabine was progressive disease( PD), and therefore, trastuzumab and gemcitabine therapy was selected. Currently, the patient has undergone 30 cycles of this regimen and the tumor is well controlled. This regimen was considered effective for the treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.
Indices for comparative assessment of the harmonic effect of different home appliances

SUMMARY Most of the modern home appliances use power electronic circuits as a power supply to interface with the distribution grid. They have become a major source of harmonic distortions in power distribution systems. This article presents a study of the harmonic current characteristics of such appliance through a measurement-based comparative approach. Magnitude-related indices are introduced to compare the harmonic effects of the various appliances and to quantify their relative severity. Phase angle–related indices are introduced to study the diversity of the current harmonics phase angle among the devices and to understand its effect on harmonic cancellation. The proposed approach can be used to establish a database of harmonic characteristics for home appliances and other small, distributed harmonic-producing loads. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increasing the innovation capacity and competitiveness of NITI EAD through the introduction of an aviation electronic remote detonator

NITI EAD — Kazanlak is a leading innovation and technology center, founded in 1962, in which military products are developed and manufactured: anti-tank mines — including cumulative with last generation non-contact electronic detonator, remote detonators, firearms. Particularly important for the company is Scientific Research and Development (R & D), which has led to the development of numerous innovative products protected by patents for inventions. In front of the future development of NITI EAD there is a major problem — the reduction of the possibilities for the realisation of military production and the subsequent reduction of the production volume. To solve the problem, measures have been taken to develop different types of detonators. In implementation of this strategy a device — aviation electronic remote detonator has been developed and planned for implementation under this project. The implementation and efficient production of the new innovative product requires the delivery and commissioning of new high-tech equipment provided for in this project. This type of product is not available on the national and global markets, which is a prerequisite for its successful marketing. As a summary of the benefits of the proposed project, it should be noted that following the implementation of the project and the realisation and delivery of the envisaged equipment, it is envisaged that the competitiveness of NITI EAD will increase significantly, as well as to increase the nomenclature of the products manufactured by the company. The project is fully focused on the mechatronics and clean technologies of the ESIS and in particular covers the priority direction of production of basic elements, parts, assemblies and equipment incorporated as part of a mechatronic unit or self-constituting such a unit.
Next-Generation biopharmaceutical downstream process

The scope of the project is the optimization of downstream process (DSP) for the production of Biopharmaceuticals. Biopharmaceuticals have been successfully used as efficient therapeutic drugs for many pathophysiological conditions since the first recombinant product, insulin, was approved in 1982. Despite its efficacy, accessibility is still limited due to extremely high costs. In the production chain, capturing and purifying still represents a major bottleneck. Consequently, improvements in this area produce substantial cost reductions and expand patients’ accessibility to highly efficient drugs. Another aim of this action is to cope with the changing manufacturing demands, by lowering its environmental footprint and moving to more sustainable technologies. This proposal’s main objective is to implement a fully integrated manufacturing platform based on continuous chromatography in combination with disposable techniques for all unit operations of the DSP sequence for biosimilar monoclonal antibodies and derivatives thereof. The action encompasses the entire DSP sequence. We will implement alternative technologies for primary separation, such as flocculation or tangential flow filtration. The expected outcome is a reduction in the size and number of downstream unit operations and the elimination of centrifugation. Alternative approaches to the batch process for the capture step, such as continuous chromatography, will be evaluated in order to improve the efficiency and lower the need for expensive resin volume. Additionally precipitation utilization will be evaluated as an approach to replace protein A chromatography as capture step. A disposable continuous chromatography system will be developed together with novel analytical tools and sensors. Since single-use disposable systems can substitute the extensive use of resources (water) and significantly reduce the overall utility needs, the whole DSP sequence will be carried out on disposable technology (PAT).
Seabird ecology in relation to fisheries

Previous research has hinted at changes in the migratory patterns of seabirds nesting in
Scotland, including a decreasing number of Northern Gannets Morus bassanus wintering in
the North Sea, and an increase in numbers of Northern Gannets and Great Skuas Stercorarius
skua spending the winter off north-western Africa (NWA). Both species show increasing
numbers of colonies in northern areas, including Norway and Russia. These seabird species
move through the North Sea during autumn migration, and from there search for favourable
wintering grounds mainly around Iberia, including the Atlantic coast of Portugal, the Bay of
Biscay and the Gulf of Cadiz.
By means of historic ring recovery data, provided by the British Trust for Ornithology,
it was possible to establish that the number of records of adults of both species are increasing
in recent years from NWA coasts, despite having to attend their nests in the colonies and, as a
result, having limited time to migrate south. Differences were observed in ring recovery
locations between years and months. The number of ring recoveries by month coincides with
records from observation points along the coast of Western Europe. However, ring recovery
data are limited and potentially biased. Using data loggers, it was possible to establish that
both species are diurnal in habits during the entire winter period, showing noticeable
differences in the times spent flying during the migration months (September-October) and
during the wintering and breeding months (January and March respectively), and to confirm
the increasing tendency to winter off NWA in recent years.
Analyses of fishing landings, discard rates, and sea surface temperature data, show that
food available to Northern Gannets and Great Skuas is increasing in NWA coasts where
oceanographic conditions are stable; in contrast in the North Sea fisheries are decreasing and
the sea surface is warming. Both species are apparently changing their migratory behaviour in
order to face the constant changes in the abundance of food. Given the long life-span of
Northern Gannets and Great Skuas, genetic changes can be ruled out of an explanation for the
changes in migration behaviour, and the fact that the changes in winter distribution appear to
be occurring within one generation of the birds. The winter distribution of Northern Gannets
and Great Skuas may be due to an ideal free distribution over a wide range, in response to
changes in the distribution of fish and the availability of discards.
The effects of joint flight attendant and flight crew CRM training programmes on intergroup teamwork and communication

The aim of this research is to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of Crew Resource Management (CRM) training programmes for enhancing teamwork and cooperation between flight attendants and pilots. CRM programmes have been defined as the use of all available resources to achieve a safe flight (Helmreich, Merritt & Wilhelm, 1999). CRM programmes were developed for pilots following a series of accidents in the United States in the 1970s which were attributed to ineffective (or non-existent) communication within the flight decks. CRM programmes were extended to flight attendants in the 1990s after accident investigations had determined that some crashes could have been averted if flight attendants had passed on safety critical information to the pilots (e.g., the 1989 British Midlands crash at Kegworth). Human error is attributed to 60-80% of air accidents (Shappell and Wiegmann, 2004; von Thaden, 2008). Studies 1 and 2 involved a 36-item questionnaire for flight attendants which was administered before and after the introduction of the new CRM training programme for flight attendants at a South Pacific airline. The participating airline is a major air carrier so it was possible to obtain large samples (500+) for each of these quantitative studies. The results showed that there had been a significant attitude change in the positive direction. Multivariate analyses also revealed that there were significant differences between fleet type flown, crew position flown and length of service (seniority). As predicted crews with a greater length of service displayed safer attitudes as measured by the FSAQ (Flight Attendants) Crews on the narrowbodied A320 and B737 showed safer attitudes than their colleagues on the wide-bodied long-haul aircraft. Flight attendants in senior positions (ISD, ISC, and Purser) also displayed safer attitudes. Study 3 followed up on the significant positive attitude changes through a series of seventeen focus groups which involved 100 flight attendants. The purpose was to obtain high quality qualitative data on perceived barriers (and solutions) to communication between pilots and flight attendants. The major barrier identified was the locked flight deck door which meant that flight attendants could not see periods of high workload on the flight deck and there was difficulty in communicating safety critical information over the interphone due to noise and the lack of face-to face contact. Flight attendants suggested that one possible solution would be to install CCVT cameras so that the pilots could see that it was safe to unlock the door
The evolution of prdm9 binding and genomic localization of meiotic recombination events

Meiotic recombination is an essential process for sexually reproducing organisms. The appropriate genomic distribution of recombination events is necessary for the accurate transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. Extensive research has demonstrated that a major determinant of recombination sites in mice and humans is the DNA-binding protein PRDM9. An intriguing feature of PRDM9 is the exceptionally rapid evolution of its DNA-binding domain, which causes enormous variability in the locations of recombination events, even within a single species. To date, our understanding of PRDM9’s genome-wide distribution is based largely on its predicted DNA-binding specificity, however, the presence of a predicted consensus motif alone is not a strong predictor of recombination locations. Here, I will test the hypothesis that additional factors act in concert with the rapidly evolving PRDM9 protein to specify sites of meiotic recombination events. I will directly map and compare the genome-wide distribution of PRDM9 in different mouse strains to understand the evolution and principles of its binding. I will also pioneer a single-cell based approach that can distinguish between different classes of recombination events to build a high-resolution genome-wide recombination map to further dissect the role of PRDM9, and to identify additional factors, that shape the recombination landscape.
Calix[4]Pyrrole for p-block elements: anti-van’t hoff-le bel configuration and ligand-element cooperativity revive the standard oxidation states.

State-of-the-art strategies for p-block element-based bond activations predominantly rely on the activity of low-valent species (e.g., silylenes). However, during bond activation, those species usually collapse into the deep thermodynamic sinks of their standard oxidation states, precluding any catalytic cycles. The present proposal pCX4All develops new concepts that add unique reactivity to the p-block elements Al, Ga, Si, Ge, Sn and P in their stable oxidation states. This is achieved by the generation of planar anti-van’t Hoff/Le Bel configurations, ligand-element cooperativity, and p-block valence isomerism. All those original features are enabled by calix[4]pyrrole – a well-established ligand for transition metals – which has never been used for p-block elements. Challenging bond activations (e.g. dinitrogen) and catalytic transformations (e.g. water splitting and acceptorless dehydrogenative oxidation of alcohols) are tackled with the most abundant elements of the earth crust (e.g. a square-planar, tetracoordinated silicon(IV) or aluminum(III)). The concepts are supplemented by photo-induced reactivity and extended into the field of dynamic covalent chemistry. An integrated synthetic, spectroscopic and theoretical research approach guides the way from fundamental understanding to the application in catalysis and materials. Importantly, general feasibility was recently provided by the successful isolation of the first square-planar coordinated aluminum(III) anion in our laboratories, including the observation of its exciting reactivity. We believe that these objectives will initiate a renaissance of p-block element chemistry in their standard oxidation states, equipped with exceptional reactivity by strong structural constraint and ligand-element cooperativity.
Praevention von Korrosion in regenerativen Kraftstoffen / Prevention of corrosion by renewable fuels

Zur Reduktion der CO2-Emissionen kommen im Strassenverkehr vermehrt Kraftstoffe beziehungsweise Kraftstoffkomponenten biogenen Ursprungs zum Einsatz. Diese Beimischungen veraendern die bisherigen Eigenschaften der Kraftstoffe. Bei metallischen Werkstoffen treten unterschiedliche Formen der Korrosion auf, wie elektrochemische Korrosionsarten infolge Wasseraufnahme und die chemische Alkoholatkorrosion. Aussagefaehige Pruefmethoden und Einrichtungen zur Nachbildung der in Biokraftstoffen moeglichen Korrosionsarten wurden durch gemeinsame Anstrengungen der deutschen Automobilindustrie, deren Zulieferindustrie und des Instituts fuer Werkstoffkunde entwickelt. Neben der Bewertung der Korrosionsverhaltens von Werkstoffen beziehungsweise Beschichtungen in biogenen Kraftstoffen tragen diese Verifikationsansaetze in Ergaenzung zu grundlegenden Untersuchungen zum Verstaendnis der fuer die Degradation wesentlichen Vorgaenge bei und dienen zur Praevention von durch Korrosion verursachten Schaeden. (A) ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: Fuels derived from renewable sources are increasingly used with the objective of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. These blends of fossil fuels with additions of biogenous origin change the characteristics of the fuels. Thereby, different types of corrosion of metallic materials are possible. These are the electrochemical corrosion included by water pick up and the chemical alcoholate corrosion. In order to be able to ensure the corrosion resistance of components in contact with biofuels, the corrosion behaviour of different materials has to be evaluated. Therefore, applicable testing procedures and testing equipment were developed by the Institute for Materials Technology of the Technical University Darmstadt in cooperation with the German automotive and supplier industry. In addition to scientific methods these test procedures contribute to a better understanding of the prevailing degradation processes and prevention of corrosion damages. (A)
Inquiry learning in a special education setting: managing the cognitive loads of intellectually disabled students

This study investigates the use of inquiry learning (IL) approach for intellectually disabled (ID) students. It draws on findings from the trial lessons of 6 classes of ID students in a project developing an adapted General Studies Curriculum for ID students at primary level. Data analysis focuses on examining how IL was employed for ID students. Evidences were collected from lesson plans, video-taped teaching periods and post-lesson reflection of teachers to identify teaching strategies of applying IL for ID students. These strategies, which were classified into seven aspects of concern, were put under scrutiny from the perspective of Cognitive Load Theory to uncover the foundation and effect of these strategies on enabling IL opportunities for ID students. The study concludes that teachers should take an active role to ensure the appropriate IL process to cater the students’ learning needs so as to develop their fundamental skills for inquiry.
METHOD FOR DECORATING A SUBSTRATE INVOLVING REPLACING A PART OF THE SUBSTRATE WITH A DECORATED PLASTIC FILM OR APPLYING THE DECORATED PLASTIC FILM ONTO THE SUBSTRATE, AND PRODUCTS THEREBY OBTAINED

The method involves forming a decoration on a plastic film (2) up to the quality level of colour photographs by using a colour copier and/or a colour printer and/or a colour photo-typesetting machine and/or a colour offset press and/or special pens for plastic and/or paintings. The method involves replacing a part of the substrate (1) with the plastic film (2), or applying the plastic film (2) onto the substrate (1). Binding is achieved by glueing (at a temperature lower than the substrate's and/or the plastic film's degradation temperature) and/or by stitching and/or with a sliding clasp fastener and/or with a false hem and/or by riveting and/or by stapling and/or by heat sealing with crystallized plastic.
Silicone surfactants for rigid polyurethane foam made with hydrocarbon blowing agents

A method for making a rigid polyurethane foam employing a C4 or C5 hydrocarbon blowing agent, or mixtures thereof, and a silicone surfactant comprising a polyether-polysiloxane copolymer represented by the following formula: (CH3)3-Si-O-(Si(CH3)2-O)x-(Si(CH3)(R)O)y-Si(CH3)3 where R= (CH2)3-O-(-CH2-CH2-O)a-(CH2-CH(CH3)-O)b-R", and where R" is H, (CH2)zCH3, or C(O)CH3; x + y +2 is 60-130; x/y is 5 - 14; z is 0-4; the total surfactant molecular weight, based on the formula, is 7000 - 30,000 g/mole, the wt% siloxane in the surfactant is 32 - 70 wt%, the blend average molecular weight (BAMW) of the polyether portion is 450 - 1000 g/mole, and the mole% of ethylene oxide in the polyether portion is 70 - 100 mole%.
An embedded USB dual-role system integrated for mobile devices

In this paper, an electronic device capable of communicating locally with mobile devices through the USB interface is presented. The electronic device acquires data from sensors and then sends them to a mobile device so they can be viewed, processed and / or re-sent to a remote central server. In this way, the processing power, the remote communication capacity and user interface of mobile devices will be exploited. Smartphones, tablets, netbooks and notebooks already come with an operating system on which can be run a software application in order to manipulate data sent from the sensors through the USB interface. Because these mobile devices can act in USB host or device mode, the proposed electronic gadget will is able to work both ways to expand the number of mobile devices which may be connected. The integration of external hardware and firmware with hardware and software for mobile devices leverages the core functionality of mobile devices for a large number of potential applications.