SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sex-Specific interactions in arbuscular mycorrhizas in an ecological community context

The importance of below-ground organisms for plant growth, plant community dynamics and ecosystem processes is widely
recognised. Among them, arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses are key elements as they mediate plant resource acquisition.
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant fitness have been extensively studied in sexually monomorphic plants,
but plant populations with separate sexes are relatively common in nature. Usually sexes differ in their resource needs and
allocation patterns. Because arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses mediate resource acquisition and allocation patterns
through imposing both costs and benefits to the plants, it is not surprising that sex-specific interactions between arbuscular
mycorrhizal fungi and sexually dimorphic plants occur. This is an extremely novel field of research. Most available studies
on this topic have been exclusively focused on two trophic levels, neglecting the fact that plants live in complex multi-trophic
scenarios, where both mutualistic and antagonistic relationships interact both above- and below-ground.

The aim of this research project is to explore and understand plant – arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal interactions in a more
realistic multi-trophic context. The essence of the project lies in the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach as it will
cover plant and insect ecology, fungal ecology and genetics, and chemical ecology. Implementation of this project has
scientific importance for the improvement of our understanding of complex multi-trophic interactions in plants and has
potentially enormous economic significance for agriculture as it includes pollination ecology and herbivory.

Besides the scientific importance of the proposed project itself, this project will significantly enhance the applicant’s career
by acquiring up-to-date techniques and other significant skills and provide expertise on mycorrhizal research for the host
institution.
Projecting global biodiversity responses from first biological principles

Realistic projections of the biological impacts of climate change require a unified framework capable of integrating advances from distinct research areas such as ecophysiology, behavioural ecology, and biogeography. Mechanistic modelling in macroecology arises as a promising framework to address this challenge, because it aims at describing biodiversity patterns from biophysical, physiological, and behavioural processes determining the way organisms interact with their environment. In this project, I will investigate how heat- and water-transfer mechanisms determine global patterns of species richness and thermal adaptations of terrestrial ectotherms, a group that is especially vulnerable to global change. The specific objectives of this proposal are (1) to investigate how temperature regulation and water availability constraint global patterns of species richness of reptiles and amphibians; (2) investigate how temperature regulation influences patterns of variation of thermal tolerance across macroclimatic gradients; and finally, (3) forecast the response of these patterns to future climatic conditions. To achieve these objectives, I will combine cutting-edge biophysical models of heat- and water-transfer pathways between ectotherms and their environment, with empirical data on species’ geographical ranges and thermal tolerance traits obtained from the literature. Ultimately, this proposal will contribute to the emerging field of mechanistic modelling in macroecology, providing methods to integrate multiple sources of biological information, and techniques to forecast the organismal responses to climate change. The training in geographical analysis of mechanistic models will boost my development as an independent and innovative frontline researcher in macroecology in the EU.
Graphene tunneling accelerometer

The commercialization of existing tunneling accelerometers is hindered by their complex fabrication and long-term instability. Based on our results and expertise from the currently running ERC project, we propose an innovative design using graphene as the game-changing material for tunneling accelerometers.

  The proposed graphene tunneling accelerometer has clear technical advantages, such as smaller size, wider bandwidth, simpler fabrication, and natural stability. A careful patent search indicates that the concept is novel for patent protection. Our industrial contacts have clear interest in this innovation, detailed user requirements on the accelerometer specifications have been recently mapped up. We have a capable team and a feasible plan towards the real-life commercialization of the proof-of-concept innovation. The output of the project is expected to be a long-pursued efficient application of graphene in high-end sensors. Continuity of the development and commercialization is strongly considered also after the project funding.
OPTIMAL TENURING AND MAJOR COLLECTION TIMES FOR A GENERATIONAL GARBAGE COLLECTOR

It is an important problem to determine the tenuring collection time or major collection time to meet the pause time goal for a generational garbage collector. From such a viewpoint, this paper proposes two stochastic models based on the working schemes of a generational garbage collector: Garbage collections occur at a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Minor collections are made when the garbage collector begins to work, tenuring collection is made at a planned time T or at the first collection time when surviving objects have exceeded K for the first model. Major collection is made at time T or at the Nth collection for the second model. Using the techniques of cumulative processes and reliability theory, expected cost rates are obtained, and optimal policies of tenuring and major collection times which minimize them are discussed analytically and computed numerically.
Metals and Metalloids

While scientists categorize the chemical elements as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids largely based on the elements' abilities to conduct electricity at normal temperatures and pressures, there are other distinctions that are taken into account when classifying the elements of the periodic table. The post-transition metals, for example, are metals, but have such special properties that they are given their own classification. The same is true for the metalloids Metals and Metalloids presents the current scientific understanding of the physics, chemistry, geology, and biology of these two families of elements, including the post-transition metals and metalloids. Examining how these elements are synthesized in the universe, when and how they were discovered, and where they are found on Earth, this new, full-color resource clearly details how metals and metalloids are used by humans, as well as the resulting benefits and challenges to society, health, and the environment.
Secured autonomic traffic management for a tera of sdn flows

TeraFlow will create a new type of secure cloud-native SDN controller that will radically advance the state-of-the-art in beyond 5G networks. This new SDN controller shall be able to integrate with the current NFV and MEC frameworks as well as to provide revolutionary features for both flow management (service layer) and optical/microwave network equipment integration (infrastructure layer), while incorporating security using Machine Learning (ML) and forensic evidence for multi-tenancy based on Distributed Ledgers. 
The target pool of stakeholders expands beyond the traditional telecom operators towards edge and hyperscale cloud providers. These actors will be benefited from TeraFlow by a) exploiting a new type of secure SDN controller based on cloud-native solutions while, b) achieving substantial business agility with novel and highly dynamic network services with zero-touch automation features.
The novel TeraFlow architecture will be validated through the implementation of the TeraFlow OS with the following innovations: a) Cloud-Native Architecture; b) Transport Network Integration; c) Unification of Network and Cloud Resource Management; d) ML-based security; and e) Distributed Ledger Technologies. The final demonstrations (TRL 5) will support three use cases: Autonomous Networks Beyond 5G, Automotive, and Cybersecurity.
During the course of the TeraFlow project (30 months), experimental implementation and demonstration of prototypes will also play an important role in the project, including communication and dissemination activities and strong collaboration with Standard Defining Organizations (ETSI NFV, ZSM, ENI, PDL, IETF, ONF), and open source software community with dedicated focus on ONF ONOS and ETSI OpenSourceMANO. TeraFlow will also foster strong relationship with other 5GPPP projects through multiple collaboration activities. A concrete plan for TeraFlow results adoption will be implemented as well.
Should I go to court? An assessment on the role of the Judiciary in disputes between cattle raisers and meatpackers in Brazil

The main objective of this perspective paper is to analyze the role of the judiciary in resolving conflicts between cattle raisers and meatpacking firms in Brazil. Looking at the transaction for the acquisition of cattle for slaughter in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (the central-western region of Brazil), the analysis encompasses three steps. First, the authors describe the transaction pattern between cattle raisers and meatpacking firms, identifying a guarantee vacuum within the supply chain. Secondly, the authors present evidence that the guarantee vacuum may give rise to legal conflicts of non-payment, which are indeed prevalent in disputes that reach the courts. Finally, the role of the judiciary in resolving these conflicts is investigated. Results suggest that, on average, producers have little confidence in the legal system, indicating the potential function that informal mechanisms may play in the supply chain. The paper concludes by suggesting some implications for public and private strategies.
COATING SYSTEMS ON PLASTIC SUBSTRATES THAT INHIBIT FREE RADICAL-INDUCED DEGRADATION OF BIOLOGICS IN PRIMARY PACKAGING

A method for preventing or reducing reaction of radiation sterilization-generated free radicals and/or byproducts thereof and/or oxygen with contents of a primary vessel is provided. A radiation sterilized primary plastic vessel contains contents prone to degradation by free radicals and/or byproducts thereof and/or oxygen. The vessel has a coating set deposited on an inner wall. The coating set is effective to protect the contents from degradation by radiation sterilization-generated free radicals and/or byproducts thereof and/or oxygen located in the plastic of the vessel and/or on the inner wall.
Performance of three biometry devices in patients with different grades of age-related cataract

The new Lenstar biometry device was compared in a typical clinical setting to the IOL-Master and Visante-OCT.Fifty-one eyes of 51 patients with age-related cataract were examined with Lenstar LS900 (Haag Streit AG) biometer, IOL-Master V.5 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) and Visante-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) before cataract surgery. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry readings of flattest and steepest meridian (K), corneal radius (R) and axial length (AL) values were correlated. Cataracts were graded according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS) regarding nuclear colour (NC), nuclear opalescence (NO), cortical (C) and posterior subcapsular (P) cataract.Mean values and standard deviations for AL, K and R was 23.66 ± 1.23 mm and 23.67 ± 1.26 mm, 43.24 ± 1.69 dpt and 43.16 ± 1.71 dpt, 7.68 ± 0.29 mm and 7.70 ± 0.28 mm with the IOL-Master and with the LS900, respectively (r = 0.99 and p = 0.76, r = 0.99 and p = 0.029, r = 0.89 and p = 0.14, respectively). Visante-OCT demonstrated highest values of three devices regarding to ACD followed by Lenstar LS900 and IOLMaster. Axial length measurements were unfeasible in 10% of the cases (five patients) and this significantly correlated with the presence of posterior subcapsular cataract of LOCS III grade 4.0 or higher.IOL-Master, Lenstar LS900 and AC–OCT proved to be excellent non-contact measurement methods in eyes with age-related cataract. Nevertheless, ultrasound biometry is still required for cases with dense posterior subcapsular cataract.
The continuous is a jungle: the poetics of small intervals in indigenous Amazonia

L’article développe une esthétique amazonienne qui s’exprime à travers un régime de petits intervalles, produisant de la variation au moyen de différences minimales. Il propose que cette esthétique soit non seulement à la base des arts visuels et verbaux-musicaux amazoniens, mais aussi de la perception et de l’engagement des peuples amazoniens envers le monde. Ce faisant, l’article inverse la priorité que Lévi-Strauss accordait au discret sur le continu dans la pensée amérindienne. Il suggère en outre que cette esthétique répond à la difficulté des non-indigènes à se rapporter aux expressions culturelles indigènes, ainsi qu’à leur environnement forestier.
Stars that 'r' young : when do stars form in clustered environments?

STARRY (STARs that ‘R’ Young) is a twin site EID that will provide training to 2 inexperienced researchers in the development of sophisticated research tools in order to exploit, interpret and analyse astronomical data from state-of-the-art observatories in the field of star formation. The joint training programme is provided by world experts in stellar astrophysics at the University of Leeds, UK and in developing, maintaining and exploiting space science data archives at ISDEFE in Madrid, Spain.

The programme is extremely timely in exploiting the astrophysical data that are now becoming available from the European Space Agency’s (ESA) mission GAIA and other, mainly European-led, sky surveys.  These new developments allow us to answer a current and significant question in the field of the formation of stars, namely: “do massive stars form in clusters?”. The science question requires a particular, novel, functionality to interpret and analyze these new data, and the programme brings together both the academic sector and the non-academic sector to achieve this. 
 
The tools which will be developed in the Work Packages in order to address the current scientific question have the potential to enable future studies in many branches of stellar astrophysics, and beyond. Throughout, emphasis is put on skilling a new generation of researchers to work and communicate cross-borders which is vital for the future competitive health of this sector. 

In short, the need for the development of new analysis tools is identified by a clear and current research question. Its implementation will have a long term benefit to ISDEFE which will ultimately lead to a competitive commercial advantage for the company across Europe. In addition, a new generation of researchers is provided with a research and transferable skillset designed to exploit the considerable European investment in space.
Exploring interfaces in ice giant planets using multi-scale molecular dynamics simulations

The ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune are believed to play a crucial role in the formation process of our Solar System and are prototypical for hundreds of exoplanets, so-called mini-Neptunes, which are discovered at ever increasing speed thanks to planet-hunting missions like Kepler, TESS, and PLATO. Modeling the interior structure, magnetic dynamo, and thermal evolution of Uranus and Neptune has proven very challenging relying only on the Voyager 2 flyby data from the 1980s and ground-based observations. The key to improve these models is to investigate interfaces and thermal boundaries resulting from the properties of the material in their deep interiors. Hence, we perform molecular dynamics simulations on multiple scales to derive additional modeling constraints, which are experimentally challenging to obtain or even inaccessible.
We use accurate ab initio simulations to calculate a new equation of state to constrain the rock/ice ratio in planetary interior models. Subsequently, we fit potentials to the ab initio data to investigate up to 1 million atoms using classical molecular dynamics. For the first time, we are able to explore interfaces between the inner mantle and the core of an ice giant planet on a atomic level. The resulting thermal and transport properties will be used as essential inputs for novel interior structure and magnetic dynamo models for ice giant planets; particularly those in our Solar System. The project results will enhance the fellow's career prospects, make a significant contribution to the science excellence in Europe, and especially strengthen the science case for future Uranus and Neptune missions by ESA and NASA.
Shock compression of pyrolytic graphite to 18 GPa: Role of orientational order

Shock wave response of highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) compressed to stresses above the phase transformation onset (∼20 GPa) depends strongly on the HOPG orientational order [Erskine and Nellis, Nature 349, 317 (1991)]. To gain insight into this finding, which is not understood, and because corresponding results do not exist at stresses below the transition stress, the shock compression responses of three grades of pyrolytic graphite, differing in their orientational order, were examined at peak stresses below ∼20 GPa. Measured wave profiles and the corresponding end states reveal significant differences in the shock wave response of highly oriented ZYB-grade HOPG, less oriented ZYH-grade HOPG, and as-deposited pyrolytic graphite (PG). For peak stresses above 9 GPa, ZYB-grade HOPG exhibits a two-wave structure (elastic-inelastic response); the large elastic wave amplitudes for ZYB-grade increase linearly with peak stress, reaching 16 GPa for a peak stress of 18 GPa. In contrast, ZYH-grade HOPG and PG exhibit single (overdriven) wave profiles, due to considerably smaller elastic limits, at all peak stresses. Measured peak states show that PG is more compressible than ZYB- and ZYH-grade HOPG. Our results show that orientational order plays a significant role in the shock wave response of pyrolytic graphite over a broad range of stresses below the transition stress (∼20 GPa). This finding agrees well with the orientational order effects observed above the phase transition onset. The ZYB-grade HOPG, the only pyrolytic graphite that showed a clear phase transition response above ∼20 GPa in the work by Erskine and Nellis, is also the only pyrolytic graphite that displayed a large elastic limit which increases with peak stress. The latter finding suggests that the rapid phase change observed in shocked ZYB-grade HOPG may be a consequence of the large elastic compression observed for this orientational order.
Historia de las políticas de salud mental en Brasil: implicaciones para la identidad profesional de la enfermera

Los cambios ocurridos a lo largo de la historia en el campo de la Enfermería en Salud Mental están directamente ligados a las reformulaciones en los campos político-ideológico y social de cada época, que redundan en la reconfiguración continua de sus procesos de trabajo. Del período del asilo al movimiento de Lucha Anti-Asilo, pasando por el momento actual reconocido como movimiento de contrarreforma psiquiátrica, el trabajo de las enfermeras ha sido llamado a reformularse constantemente, en un campo conflictivo de disputas entre modelos antagónicos de salud mental [Fragmento de texto].
Beyond the secular: narrativizing religious change in contemporary german novels

The death of God and the disenchantment of the world are central to self-presentations of modernity. At the dawn of the third millennium, however, the worldwide growth of religious fundamentalisms as well as the pluralisation and individualization (but not the disappearance) of faith in the West suggest the need for a more nuanced understanding of the relation between secularity, modernity and religion. This is not only a matter for empirical research in Social, Political and Religious Studies. “Modernity,” “secularity” and “religion” are, in important ways, interpretive categories shaped by cultural narratives through which individuals and societies understand their world. The project “Beyond the Secular” studies a defined corpus of such narratives: contemporary German-language novels which articulate non-secular and religious experiences and worldviews. Through an interdisciplinary methodology combining close reading and narratological analysis with contextual readings in religious sociology, theology, and political philosophy, the project seeks to determine the potential of literature for the perception and narrativization of religious change in late modern societies.
Equivalence of Stochastic and Deterministic Mechanisms

We consider a general social choice environment that has multiple agents, a finite set of alternatives, independent types, and atomless type distribution. We show that for any Bayesian incentive compatible mechanism, there exists an equivalent deterministic mechanism that (1) is Bayesian incentive compatible; (2) delivers the same interim expected allocation probabilities and the same interim expected utilities for all agents; and (3) delivers the same ex ante expected social surplus. This result holds in settings with a rich class of utility functions, multidimensional types, interdependent valuations, and in settings without monetary transfers. To prove our result, we develop a novel methodology of mutual purification, and establish its link with the mechanism design literature.
“Search-and-Replace”

Artists are prototypical over-conscious individuals. For the exploration of the methodological issues of the study of the language used in life stories as expressions of modern worldviews, artists' cases are very useful. Their search for unique authenticity includes their worldview. They do not simply reproduce worldview repertoires, but select items that are subsequently given new meaning, producing a new and exclusive pattern. As a consequence, the grey area between religious and secular convictions is over-represented in artists' autobiographies. Thus the modern processes of individualization and secularization become visible in their life stories. In an interdisciplinary study of thirty life narratives of Dutch artists, the author has combined methodological insights from literary studies and the cultural anthropology of religion. The difficulty of generalizing about what is presented as unique and authentic is discussed, including the author's quest for a plausible typology. Special attention is given to the models that artists use for their life stories, and to the striking role of inconsistency in their accounts.