SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (cpp-acp) on caries-like lesions in terms of time and nano-hardness: An in vitro study

Time bound increase in the nanohardness of the enamel after remineralization with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in a regular interval of 1 h has not been explored in the literature to a greater extent.To determine and compare the maximum hardness of the remineralized caries-like lesions, in terms of nanohardness and the rate of achieving maximum hardness at 1-h interval, after treatment with artificial saliva and CPP-ACP, over 12 h.Fifty longitudinal sections of extracted sound permanent maxillary central, lateral incisors were immersed in demineralizing solution for 4 days. The samples were then randomly divided into three groups, consisting of 12 sections each for soaking them in three different media-isotonic saline, artificial saliva, and CPP-ACP for 12 h. The nanohardness was measured on the labial surface, at baseline, after erosion, and after remineralization at 1-h interval.The data was analyzed with paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc analysis.CPP-ACP increased the enamel hardness significantly (P < 0.001), at an increased rate, than artificial saliva.This study has provided an insight into the frequency of use of CPP-ACP, once per day, as the nanohardness of enamel samples increased within 1 h of application and remained within the normal limits after 12 h.
IN-SITU METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING FLUID RESISTIVITY

A method and apparatus for determining particle contamination of a process fluid is disclosed herein. In one example, a fluid resistivity measurement probe is provided. The system includes an upstream fluid conduit, a downstream fluid conduit, and a measuring section. The measuring section has a metal rod, and a ground electrode. The ground electrode surrounds and is coaxial with the metal rod. The upstream fluid conduit is coupled to a first end of the ground electrode. The downstream fluid conduit is coupled to a second end of the ground electrode. The metal rod and the ground electrode define a space therebetween. The space flows a fluid from the upstream fluid conduit to the downstream fluid conduit.
Supplying lung adenocarcinoma cell lines to the cancer research community.

This project aims to protect, and commercialize a new panel of transplantable mouse lung cancer cell lines with defined mutation status (MLC) for cancer research and drug discovery. In addition, we aim at disseminating and exploiting a novel method for generating an unlimited pool of such lines from various strains of mice. Human lung cancer is characterized by a variety of mutations in oncogenes (i.e., KRAS) and tumor suppresors (i.e., TRP53), which largely determine whether lung tumors respond to a given therapeutic regime. Human lung cancer cell lines are invaluable for in vitro studies, but need to be propagated in immunodeficient mice, compromising the validity of the results obtained. A panel of syngeneic MLC with a defined and a genetically malleable battery of mutated oncogenes would allow more physiologically relevant studies, would help accelerate research and drug discovery in the field, and would generate substantial interest in the academia and the industry. For the purposes of mother project FP7-IDEAS-ERC-StG-2010-KRASHIMPE-260524 aimed at studying KRAS-driven host-tumor interactions, we derived such MLC lines from the lungs of mice using exposure to tobacco carcinogens or genetic oncogenesis. We request funding to i) characterize MLC lines to show proof-of-concept data that they can be used for drug and oncogene discovery; ii) assemble them into a marketable product; iii) protect these discoveries; iv) assess their market potential; v) attract potential interested parties; and vi) commercialize this new product. We hope the results of this project will speed up investigation and drug discovery by shortening the presently wide time interval between cancer wet bench research and clinical applications.
A Long-Term Scope of Actions for Reconstructed Cultural Heritage: Maintaining a Virtual Archive of Non-existing Synagogues

Reconstruction work on more than twenty synagogues in Vienna has been ongoing for more than a decade. The fact that these sacred buildings no longer exist is a pivotal aspect in this undertaking. Research revealed archived material, however, which served as reliable basis for the reconstruction work. The authors discuss details of the process of handling archival research as well as the decision-making process during reconstruction. The paper focuses on the possibilities and limits of this exploration and discusses the long-term options of handling 3D models, also in the light of continuous changes in the software environments used. The dissemination of results to a large audience and the appropriate illustration of spatial contexts is another aspect that has been explored. The publication of results in the form of a city guide is in line with the objective of conveying the reconstruction results to a large audience.
Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same.

In a semiconductor device, a first conductive film (4) made of, for example, polysilicon is formed on the element region of the semiconductor substrate. An insulation film (5) is formed on the semiconductor substrate, for covering at least the first conductive film. A second conductive film (6) covers at least the end portion of the insulation film. The first conductive film is used as a gate electrode of the MOS transistor, and the second conductive film (6) is used as a protection film for covering and protecting the end portion of the insulation film and a lead-out electrode of the bipolar transistor. The end portion of the insulation film (5) is covered and protected by the second conductive film obtained by patterning the conductive layer made of, for example, polysilicon. Further, the conductive layer is patterned so that stepped portions formed on the insulation film (5) and the end portion of the insulation film are covered, and using this pattern, anisotropic etching is carried out. Thus, formation of residue on the side-wall of the second conductive film, on the stepped portions formed as covering the first conductive film, can be avoided. In a later step, the pattern of the second conductive film which covers the stepped portion is removed by etching. <IMAGE>
Alumina additives for fast iron-mediated AGET ATRP of MMA using onium salt as ligand

Three kinds of alumina (acidic, neutral, and basic Al2O3) were effective as additives for the control and rate enhancement of iron-mediated AGET (activators generated by electron transfer) ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in the presence of limited amount of air, using FeCl3·6H2O as the catalyst, tetrabutylammonium bromide or tetra-n-butylphosphonium bromide as the ligand, ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate as the initiator, and ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. The conversion could be up to 83.9% in the case of basic Al2O3 and 75.3% with neutral Al2O3 only in 13 h, respectively, whereas no polymer could be obtained even in 50 h without additives. The polymers obtained with neutral and basic Al2O3 had controlled molecular weights and low Mw/Mn values (∼1.2). Tacticities of the as-prepared PMMA in the presence of these three kinds of Al2O3 were consistent with that obtained from conventional free-radical polymerization of MMA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
The Market and Government Regulation: The Need for Appropriate Balance for Sustainability

This study critically reviews the concept of market economy and government regulations. The ideas of the free market economy and the government regulated market economy are discussed, and the disparities between these two markets are presented based on the popular phrase ‘the invisible hand’ which Adam Smith used to describe the forces facilitate the equilibrium between the demand and supply side of a free market. There are pros and cons associated with both market economy, and in a world so obsessed with sustainable development, these pros and cons need to be established to pave way for economists suggest suitable trade-offs.
Network and methodologic research on the close maritime cross-border areas of cooperation 

Problems addressed
• The INTERREG programme encourages cross-border cooperation on all  European Land borders, but also on « some maritime borders ».  While maritime cross-border relationships are comparable to terrestrial ones, important specificities exist. Their relatively unknown particularities exist at the level of the cooperation area (the maritime area) as well as at the level of governance of the cross-border area.     
• It is therefore crucial to understand the challenges and the specificities of this cooperation. Local maritime cross-border cooperation is important for the spatial development of maritime regions and for their integration into the European territory.
• The development of maritime cross-border projects, within the framework of Interreg, highlights some specific characteristics of maritime cooperation. The project leaders face various constraints which are often linked to the maritime character of the area.     

Objectives
• To identify the specificities of local maritime cross-border cooperation  
• To support project leaders with an appropriate methodology specifically developed for them 
• To raise the awareness of National and European authorities about the specificities of maritime cross-border cooperation 

Approach and methodology
• Networking / Exchange of experiences
• Methodological research 
• Hands on approach
Concomitant evaluation of atmospheric levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Strasbourg (France) using pine needle passive samplers

In this study, pine needles were used as cost-effective and reliable passive bio-monitors to concomitantly evaluate atmospheric concentrations of three classes of persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from needle samples was performed. Eleven PCBs, 11 OCPs, and 15 PAHs were detected and followed through time in needle samples from three sites in the Strasbourg region. The urban and rural sites were more exposed to PCBs than the suburban site. The highest concentration of PCBs was found at the urban site, but the largest number of congeners (10) was detected at the rural site. PCB 189 and 156 were the predominant congeners in the rural site and PCB 70 in the urban site. For OCPs, the rural site displayed the highest concentrations (up to 22.9 ng g(-1)) and number of compounds investigated (9). The high concentration of γ- and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) at that time in the urban site was the reason for this result. γ- and β-HCH were the two predominant compounds in all samples. The suburban and urban sites were the most exposed with PAHs with pyrene, phenanthrene, and acenaphthene being the three predominant compounds in these sites. No specific trend in terms of time was apparent for PCBs and OCPs. However, higher concentrations were detected for some compounds in the first sampling, especially for PAHs, and this is attributed to variations in meteorological conditions (e.g., temperature, wind, rain) and variable inputs from both identified and unidentified sources.
Structural Determinants for Transport across the Intestinal Bile Acid Transporter Using C-24 Bile Acid Conjugates

The human apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (hASBT) reabsorbs gram quantities of bile acid daily and is a potential prodrug target to increase oral drug absorption. In the absence of a high resolution hASBT crystal structure, 3D-QSAR modeling may prove beneficial in designing prodrug targets to hASBT. The objective was to derive a conformationally sampled pharmacophore 3D-QSAR (CSP-SAR) model for the uptake of bile acid conjugates by hASBT. A series of bile acid conjugates of glutamyl chenodeoxycholate were evaluated in terms of K(m) and normalized V(max) (normV(max)) using hASBT-MDCK cells. All monoanionic conjugates were potent substrates. Dianions, cations and zwitterions, which bound with a high affinity, were not substrates. CSP-SAR models were derived using structural and physicochemical descriptors, and evaluated via cross validation. The best CSP-SAR model for K(m) included two structural and two physiochemical descriptors, where substrate hydrophobicity enhanced affinity. A best CSP-SAR model for K(m)/normV(max) employed one structural and three physicochemical descriptors, also indicating hydrophobicity enhanced efficiency. Overall, the bile acid C-24 region accommodated a range of substituted anilines, provided a single negative charge was present near C-24. In comparing uptake findings to prior inhibition results, increased hydrophobicity enhanced activity, with dianions and zwitterions hindering activity.
Retailers as agents and the limits of parallel trade

Abstract The volume of retail-level parallel trade is surprisingly small despite persistent international price differences. We offer an agency-based explanation by considering competition between an original home manufacturer and a foreign retailer. The model endogenizes the role of the retailer as an agent with private information on the perceived quality of the good in its own market. The manufacturer cannot control the retailer once the latter has ordered its sales quantity but it can limit the initial offer. If parallel trade is permitted, this offer will fall if there is incomplete information, resulting in a small, or zero, volume of parallel trade. This outcome makes both the original producer and foreign consumers worse off, while offering little benefit to home consumers, compared to the case where such trade is banned.
A nação e a Europa nos livros didáticos de história franceses e alemães. Uma análise do discurso contrastiva

Este artigo trata da construção do “Si” e do “Outro” europeu nos capítulos que abordam a Primeira Guerra Mundial, em onze livros didáticos recentes de história franceses e alemães. No âmbito da “análise do discurso contrastiva”, e embasando o estudo em um inventário de procedimentos discursivos (explícitos ou não), mostra-se que os livros franceses se esforçam em construir um Si europeu apagando os beligerantes do discurso, mas sem consegui-lo totalmente, e que o Outro — sempre alemão — surge regularmente e é então construído como o único ator da guerra. O Si nos livros didáticos alemães é, ainda que não explicitamente, a Alemanha: a construção de uma comunidade nacional efetua-se inteiramente no não dito e, assim, na evidência. Ela é contrabalançada por um esforço constante de mudança de perspectiva, na qual o aluno deve aprender a colocar-se no lugar do Outro, que é, no caso, o não alemão.
Cross-border clinical network

This project is going to set up a network of research and services based on the processing of clinical data and images generated by hospital medical assessments, in order to rationalize resources and undertake new prevention programmes. A health Intranet has been set up involving the Local Social-Health Units in Mirano, Dolo and Noale as well as the health facilities and the general practitioners. Thanks to this network, the information database can be effectively integrated and managed, whilst providing the opportunity to exchange the patients’ clinical data and to consult medical records. In order to cooperate with the Slovenian hospitals, some areas of common research have been detected and the respective patterns in the field of health organization have been analysed, in order to define those actions that are necessary to harmonize the systems. The new environment makes it possible to manage the assessment techniques which use microscopy, endoscopy and ecography, and operate on a platform “Microsoft SQL Server 2000”. This client-server architecture is fully compatible with the Hospital Information System (HIS) and allows for the management of the patients’ clinical records, where the images are associated with the database of the tests carried out. The creation of the new software environment has made it necessary to hold some training sessions with the physicians. The departments of Anatomical Pathology, General Medicine, Surgery and Pneumology have been involved in this first experimentation.
The Travellers of Grand Tour 

Context:
Sicily and Malta are situated in the center of the Mediterranean, between Africa and Europe.  They have always attracted curiosity and interests among travellers.  The two islands, in tight relationship between themselves  for the morphological aspects of the territory, climate, and the quality of the stone that characterizes its architecture, have constantly interacted through commercial exchange as prooved by many archaeological and archive documents.
 Aims:
The main aims of the project are:
 .   To allow to travellers of our time to rediscover a territory seen under an aspect of stratification, with its similarities that are historic, artistic, cultural and naturalistic;
.   Transfer to users of these lands knowledge and awareness of uniqueness of the place; 
.   Sparkle processes of cooperation and integration and cultural tourism.
A Preliminary Investigation of a Telephone Administration of the Quality of Marriage Index

Follow-up data collection presents many challenges for longitudinal research. Validating paper-and-pencil assessments for use via telephone may alleviate these issues. This study evaluates psychometric properties of the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI; Norton, 1983, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 45, 141) when administered by telephone and compares scores with the paper-and-pencil version. Participants included women with major depressive disorder and dyadic discord and their male spouses (n = 24 couples). Results suggest excellent scale reliability for the verbal QMI. However, a significant mean difference was found: participants scored on average 3 points higher on the telephone-administered QMI than on the written QMI. Recommendations for future research and clinical implications are discussed.
STAND FOR BOATS

A stand (1) used to support stored boats, characterised in that it is utilised in combination with an identical, facing stand (1'), said stands (1 and 1') being collapsible (foldable), demountable, and adjustable in height, and being connected to each other by means of at least one chain which is tensioned by a screw coupler (13).
Exploring the deviation of cosmological constant by a generalized pressure parameterization

We bring forward a generalized pressure dark energy (GPDE) model to explore the evolution of the universe. This model has covered three common pressure parameterization types and can be reconstructed as quintessence and phantom scalar fields, respectively. We adopt the cosmic chronometer (CC) datasets to constrain the parameters. The results show that the inferred late-universe parameters of the GPDE model are (within $1\sigma$): The present value of Hubble constant $H_{0}=(72.30^{+1.26}_{-1.37})$km s$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$; Matter density parameter $\Omega_{\text{m0}}=0.302^{+0.046}_{-0.047}$, and the universe bias towards quintessence. While when we combine CC data and the $H_0$ data from Planck, the constraint implies that our model matches the $\Lambda$CDM model nicely. Then we perform dynamic analysis on the GPDE model and find that there is an attractor or a saddle point in the system corresponding to the different values of parameters. Finally, we discuss the ultimate fate of the universe under the phantom scenario in the GPDE model. It is demonstrated that three cases of pseudo rip, little rip, and big rip are all possible.
Extending HeidelTime for Temporal Expressions Referring to Historic Dates

Research on temporal tagging has achieved a lot of attention during the last years. However, most of the work focuses on processing news-style documents. Thus, references to historic dates are often not well handled by temporal taggers although they frequently occur in narrative-style documents about history, e.g., in many Wikipedia articles. In this paper, we present the AncientTimes corpus containing documents about different historic time periods in eight languages, in which we manually annotated temporal expressions. Based on this corpus, we explain the challenges of temporal tagging documents about history. Furthermore, we use the corpus to extend our multilingual, cross-domain temporal tagger HeidelTime to extract and normalize temporal expressions referring to historic dates, and to demonstrate HeidelTime’s new capabilities. Both, the AncientTimes corpus as well as the new HeidelTime version are made publicly available.
The epigenetic basis of early-life effects in a wild bird exposed to urban environmental stress

The impact of urbanisation on wildlife is of increasing global concern. It is well known that exposure to urban environmental stressors increases oxidative stress. More recently, exposure to pollutants has been shown to directly modify the epigenome, via DNA methylation, in humans. Oxidative stress may be a key mechanism mediating epigenetic modifications in response to pollutant exposure and thereby influencing development, disease resistance and ageing. This multidisciplinary project outlines the first study to date of the epigenetic basis of early-life effects in a wild bird exposed to urban environmental stress. Early-life stress exposure can have profound effects on phenotypic development and long-term fitness. Epigenetic mechanisms are influenced by environmental cues during development and therefore may mechanistically link developmental conditions with later-life performance. Using urban and rural populations of birds, we will perform experimental studies in the field and lab to examine whether increased oxidative stress during development modifies patterns of global and gene-specific DNA methylation and thereby alters genome stability (via DNA damage and telomere attrition) and expression of antioxidant genes. To achieve this, we propose a new framework to explain how the modification of DNA methylation and telomere length may be linked and decoupled by the direct and indirect effects of oxidative stress at different stages during development. Pilot data support this framework. This will enable us to disentangle the mechanistic relationships between exposure to urban stressors, oxidative stress, DNA methylation and telomere dynamics during development and the consequences for growth and survival in an altricial bird species. The project has implications for multiple EU policies and H2020 focus areas. By combining the researcher’s existing expertise with new skills and opportunities, the project will enhance career prospects and advance the research field.
Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Problems among School Children 15 Months Post-Hurricane Katrina

The purpose of this study was to examine prevalence, correlates and predictors of mental health in children in New Orleans 15 months post-Hurricane Katrina. Analyses were conducted on 195 children who completed self-reports of hurricane and lifetime trauma exposure, social support, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and depression. Teachers completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Children reported high incidence of PTSD symptoms: 36.9% moderate to severe and 23.6% mild. In multiple regression analyses, gender, social support, and lifetime trauma exposure, but not hurricane exposure, significantly predicted PTSD. Age, social support, and lifetime trauma exposure, but not hurricane exposure, significantly predicted child depressive symptoms. Teachers reported lower levels of problems and no significant predictors of teacher reports other than age and school. PTSD and depression were significant problems for children 15 months post-Hurricane Katrina. Lifetime trauma exposure was the strongest predictor of both PTSD and depression. Effective and accessible treatment is needed for such children.