SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Geophysical Exploration of Fractured-Media Aquifers at the Mexican Mesa Central: Satellite City, San Luis Potosí, Mexico

Groundwater is scarce in arid and semi-arid zones in the Mexican Mesa Central. It is found at depths over 200 m, and its movement is primarily through fractures. This work aims to present a geophysical methodology, which shows the potential of combining natural and induced methods to locate confined aquifers in fault zones. The studies begin by interpreting the aeromagnetic survey, mainly by seeking lineaments associated with low magnetic anomalies, which are correlated with fault zones, and/or fractures and/or geological contacts where ferromagnetic minerals have undergone oxidation due to their association with recharge zones. These aeromagnetic lineaments are confirmed on land by a ground magnetic survey. After locating these areas, interpreted as permeability zones, their possible association with moist zones is confirmed by applying the vertical electrical sounding (VES) technique. H-type curve is associated with the presence of saturated zones. This study used the proposed methodology to interpret four main aeromagnetic lineaments and 12 main ground magnetic lineaments in a 36 km2 (6 km × 6 km) area. Twenty-six SEV were performed over these magnetic lineaments, of which about 50 % were associated with H-type resistivity curves, interpreted as being associated with moisture. Of the 12 VES with inferred groundwater potential, two wells have been drilled to date, one having an extraction flow of 70 lps.
NAT-ZigBee: NAT-Based Address Assignment for Scalable ZigBee Networks

AbstractZigBee has been considered as one of the promising communication protocols for low-rate wireless personal area networks. Among the well-known ZigBee topologies, ZigBee cluster-tree is especially suitable for wireless sensor applications with its supporting of power-saving operation and light-weight routing. Due to the restriction of configuration parameters, some devices could be prohibited to join a ZigBee cluster-tree network and become orphans. The orphan problem leads to the difficulty in smoothly increasing the network coverage or device density. In this paper, we propose an NAT-based address assignment framework for a scalable ZigBee network which locally resolves the orphan problem without the reconfiguration of a whole network, while the light-weight ZigBee tree routing is maintained. The experimental results show that the proposed framework can significantly reduce the number of orphan devices compared to the original ZigBee address assignment scheme.KeywordsWireless Sensor NetworkMedium Access ControlNetwork Address TranslationNetwork AddressPrivate AddressThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Innovation and Resource Efficiency as Driving Forces for Sustainable Growth

Rural areas throughout Europe are experiencing increasing levels of economic stagnation due to their inability to compete in the global marketplace. Unemployment is on the rise, and rural populations are migrating in large numbers towards urban centres. INNOREF, funded by INTERREG IIIC East, is a three-and-ahalf year project that was born out of the necessity to redirect rural economies—away from agriculture and heavy industry and towards knowledge based businesses. INNOREF (Innovation and Resource Efficiency as Driving Forces for Sustainable Growth) uses UNESCO methodology to create regional, cross-sectoral networks that encourage the use of local resources in sustainable development. With this methodology, the operation further aims at developing new models of local and regional governance by enhancing participatory processes.
Reconstructing 800 years of historical eruptive activity at Popocatépetl Volcano, Mexico

Pictorial and written documents spanning 800 years were analyzed for information about historical eruptions at Popocatepetl volcano. These documents were prepared by several indigenous groups as well as by the Spanish conquistadors and missionaries during their military campaigns and long-term evangelization and colonization and later on, by Indian nobles and Spanish historians. Pre-Columbian drawings show flames coming out of Popocatepetl’s crater while later descriptions from the Spanish colonial period in Mexico (1521 to 1821) refer to ash emission and ballistics, lahars, and some pumice falls, similar to what were depicted in the thirteenth to sixteenth century drawings. Graphic information from the pre-Columbian codices, colonial maps, and paintings referring to the eruptions were correlated with historical accounts and religious chronicles, thereby leading to the reconstruction of a more detailed sequence of eruptive events. From such information, it was possible for us to prepare ash distribution maps for the 1540, 1592, and 1664 eruptions. Most of the known historical eruptions seem to be similar to those that have been occurring at Popocatepetl since 1994, indicating the importance of ash emission and crater dome formation throughout its recent eruptive history. The strongest eruptions occurred in 1510, 1519, 1540, 1580, 1664, and 2001; these produced widespread ash falls that affected both populated and rural areas. Duration of eruptive episodes during the past 800 years were estimated to have ranged from less than a year to more than 30 years, separated by repose periods ranging between 7 and over 100 years.
Free-electron laser data for multiple-particle fluctuation scattering analysis

Fluctuation X-ray scattering (FXS) is an emerging experimental technique in which solution scattering data are collected using X-ray exposures below rotational diffusion times, resulting in angularly anisotropic X-ray snapshots that provide several orders of magnitude more information than traditional solution scattering data. Such experiments can be performed using the ultrashort X-ray pulses provided by a free-electron laser source, allowing one to collect a large number of diffraction patterns in a relatively short time. Here, we describe a test data set for FXS, obtained at the Linac Coherent Light Source, consisting of close to 100 000 multi-particle diffraction patterns originating from approximately 50 to 200 Paramecium Bursaria Chlorella virus particles per snapshot. In addition to the raw data, a selection of high-quality pre-processed diffraction patterns and a reference SAXS profile are provided.
Quantification of Risk for Early Unplanned Readmission after Rectal Resection: A Single-Center Study

Several factors predictive of readmission after colorectal surgery have been identified. Although often grouped together in readmission studies, colon and rectal resections differ in many ways. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with readmission after rectal resection.We performed a retrospective, single-center cohort study of 565 patients who underwent rectal resections at a tertiary referral center in 2010 and 2011. The main outcomes measure was readmission within 30 days. Univariate comparison between readmitted and nonreadmitted patients was followed by a stepwise logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for readmission.There were 105 patients (18.6%) readmitted. Indication (inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], p = 0.008), type of operation (pelvic pouch surgery, p = 0.02), use of laparoscopy (readmission 27.8% vs 14%, p < 0.001), and length of operation (p < 0.001) were associated with a higher readmission rate on univariate analysis. Neither preoperative chemoradiation (p = 0.89) nor American Society of Anesthesiologists class (p = 0.09) was associated with readmission. Logistic regression showed use of laparoscopy (odds ratio [OR] 1.94, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.07), initial diagnosis of IBD (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.93), and length of operation (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.16 per 30 minutes) to be independent risk factors. Risks of readmission were 6.7%, 13.4%, 27.4%, and 27.4% with 0, 1, 2, or 3 positive risk factors, respectively.Readmission after rectal resection is associated with the indication for surgery and the operative technique used. Optimization of factors related to the underlying pathology and careful appraisal of the operative technique may result in decreased readmission after proctectomy.
STOCK SYSTEM OF A V-ENGINE

This publication describes the stock system of a four-stroke V- engine, where the strokes have been coordinated so that there is no overlapping between any cylinder pairs. In practice, this means that the power stroke commencing in bank A is followed, in the same cylinder pair, by an induction stroke in bank B. Thus effective power is being transmitted to a single crank by only one connection rod at the time. The solution has been accomplished by shifting from bank A to another adjacent crank in bank B, and back to bank A to another crank by means of a crank fold (8). The objective of the solution is to reach minimal mechanical and thermal strain, optimal motor balance, constant streaming coordination, slightly better efficiency, and remarkably lower impulses.
Functional Proteomic Analysis for Regulatory T Cell Surveillance of the HIV-1-Infected Macrophage

Regulatory T cells (Treg) induce robust neuroprotection in murine models of neuroAIDS, in part, through eliciting anti-inflammatory responses for HIV-1-infected brain mononuclear phagocytes (MP; macrophage and microglia). Herein, using both murine and human primary cell cultures in proteomic and cell biologic tests, we report that Treg promotes such neuroprotection by an even broader range of mechanisms than previously seen including inhibition of virus release, killing infected MP, and inducing phenotypic cell switches. Changes in individual Treg-induced macrophage proteins were quantified by iTRAQ labeling followed by mass spectrometry identifications. Reduction in virus release paralleled the upregulation of interferon-stimulated gene 15, an ubiquitin-like protein involved in interferon-mediated antiviral immunity. Treg killed virus-infected macrophages through caspase-3 and granzyme and perforin pathways. Independently, Treg transformed virus-infected macrophages from an M1 to an M2 phenotype by down- and up- regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginase 1, respectively. Taken together, Treg affects a range of virus-infected MP functions. The observations made serve to challenge the dogma of solitary Treg immune suppressor functions and provides novel insights into how Treg affects adaptive immunosurveillance for control of end organ diseases, notably neurocognitive disorders associated with advanced viral infection.
SEE HYDROPOWER, targeted to improve water resource management for a growing renewable energy production

SEE HYDROPOWER is based on the European Directive on the promotion of Electricity from Renewable Energy Sources (RES-e) respect to the Kyoto protocol targets, that aims to establish an overall binding target of 20% share of renewable energy sources in energy consumption and a 10% binding minimum target for biofuels in transport to be achieved by each Member State, as well as binding national targets by 2020 in line with the overall EU target of 20%. Objectives of the SEE HYDROPOWER deals with the promotion of hydro energy production in SEE countries, by the optimization of water resource exploitation, in a compatible way with other water users, and following environmental friendly approaches. Main activities of the project concerns the definition of policies, methodologies and tools for a better water & hydropower planning and management; the establishment of common criteria for preserving water bodies; to assess strategies to improve hydropower implementation (such as SHP); testing studies in pilot catchments of partner countries; promotion and dissemination of project outcomes among target groups all over the SEE Region countries. The partnership significantly represents not only the SEE countries but also includes a well balanced mixing of public administrations (5 partners) & agencies (2 partners) ruling hydropower development and related water bodies conservation; and scientific & research institutions (5 partners) having the most advanced technology and standard background applied to water management and hydropower generation. All partners have on field specific experience in their own country issues and represent a wider local/regional partnership not formally involved in the project but strictly connected to policy and water management. Target groups representatives from SEE countries are reinforced by the presence of 6 Observer partners (AHP, ELEM, ESHA, ASSOELE, ENERGAP, APER).
From confinement to new states of dense matter in quantum chromodynamics

Transitions between centre sectors are related to confinement in pure Yang-Mills theories. We study the impact of these transitions in QCD-like theories for which centre symmetry is explicitly broken by the presence of matter. For low temperatures, we provide numerical evidence that centre transitions do occur with matter merely providing a bias towards the trivial centre sector until centre symmetry is spontaneously broken at high temperatures. The phenomenological consequences of these transitions for dense hadron matter are illustrated in an SU(3) effective quark theory: centre dressed quarks undergo condensation due to Bose-type statistics forming a hitherto unknown state of dense but cold quark matter.
Text Processing with GATE

GATE is a free open-source infrastructure for developing and deploying software components that process human language. It is more than 15 years old and is in active use for all types of computational tasks involving language (frequently called natural language processing, text analytics, or text mining). GATE excels at text analysis of all shapes and sizes. From large corporations to small startups, from multi-million research consortia to undergraduate projects, our user community is the largest and most diverse of any system of this type, and is active world-wide. This book contains a highly accessible introduction to GATE Version 6 and is the first port of call for all GATE-related questions. It includes a guide to using GATE Developer and GATE Embedded, and chapters on all major areas of functionality, such as processing multiple languages and large collections of unstructured text. It also includes complete plugin documentation (e.g. named entity recognition, parsing, semantic analysis, , as well as details on other members of the GATE Family: GATECloud.net, Teamware, and Mimir. To join the GATE community visit http://gate.ac.uk/.
Application of artificial neural networks for compounding multiple damage indices in Lamb-wave-based damage detection

SUMMARY

This paper presents a novel approach to the problem of health monitoring of aircraft structures using Lamb waves. Piezoelectric sensors, embedded in the aircraft sheathing, generate Lamb waves with the aim to monitor the structural integrity of complex structure parts. The ultrasonic signals obtained from the sensor pairs arranged in pitch-catch configuration are used for the calculation of a number of different damage indices. The damage indices are then used as inputs for a classifier employing an artificial neural network (ANN) that is trained to perform structure condition assessment. Efficiency of the ANN classifier trained on artificial data generated from the numerical simulations performed using linear interaction simulation approach is investigated. The resulting classification results are compared with those obtained for the ANN trained on experimental data from the real specimens. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Revisiting the Generation of Internal Waves by Resonant Interaction with Surface Waves

Abstract Two surface waves can interact to produce an internal gravity wave by nonlinear resonant coupling. The process has been called spontaneous creation (SC) because it operates without internal waves being initially present. Previous studies have shown that the generated internal waves have high frequency close to the local Brunt–Väisälä frequency and wavelengths that are much larger than those of the participating surface waves, and that the spectral transfer rate of energy to the internal wave field is small compared to other generation processes. The aim of the present analysis is to provide a global map of the energy transfer into the internal wave field by surface–internal wave interaction, which is found to be about 10 −3 TW in total, based on a realistic wind-sea spectrum (depending on wind speed), mixed layer depths, and stratification below the mixed layer taken from a state-of-the-art numerical ocean model. Unlike previous calculations of the spectral transfer rate based on a vertical mode decomposition, the authors use an analytical framework that directly derives the energy flux of generated internal waves radiating downward from the mixed layer base. Since the radiated waves are of high frequency, they are trapped and dissipated in the upper ocean. The radiative flux thus feeds only a small portion of the water column, unlike in cases of wind-driven near-inertial waves that spread over the entire ocean depth before dissipating. The authors also give an estimate of the interior dissipation and implied vertical diffusivities due to this process. In an extended appendix, they review the modal description of the SC interaction process, completed by the corresponding counterpart, the modulation interaction process (MI), where a preexisting internal wave is modulated by a surface wave and interacts with another one. MI establishes a damping of the internal wave field, thus acting against SC. The authors show that SC overcomes MI for wind speeds exceeding about 10 m s −1 .
Restoring myocardial repair capacity via the modulation of macrophage-mediated cytokine secretion.

Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic condition strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases, mainly recurrent myocardial infarctions (MI), and generating enormous healthcare cost. Macrophages orchestrate the remodelling of the heart post-MI by efferocytosis-mediated cytokine secretion. Specifically, Mertk-mediated efferocytosis promotes vessel formation, tissue reperfusion and resolution of the inflammatory response via the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A). In IR/T2D, efferocytosis-mediated cytokine secretion is impaired, leading to chronic inflammation, adverse post-MI remodelling, recurrent heart failure and excessive mortality. To date, the signalling and intracellular trafficking pathways leading to cytokines secretion are unknown, and the mechanisms of impairment during IR/T2D are unexplored. Previous therapeutic strategies focussed on repairing damaged tissue by injection of progenitor cells or modulating inflammation by cytokine injection, but both strategies gave disappointing results. In this proposal, I will define the mechanisms of efferocytosis-mediated cytokine secretion in macrophages, investigate their defects in IR/T2D and test a novel cell-based therapeutic strategy for improving recovery of T2D patients post-MI and preventing recurrence of cardiac events by restoring cytokine secretion in diabetic macrophages.
On the effect of the injection of potassium phosphate in vivo inducing the precipitation of serum calcium with inorganic phosphate.

High concentrations of inorganic phosphate (Pi) resulted from the hydrolysis of ATP is strongly associated to the weakness of the contractile mechanism of muscles due to its attractiveness to calcium. The majority of the experiments to study such effect are conducted in vitro. This work investigates the effects of different concentrations of Pi, induced by the injection of potassium phosphate in live animals, in the precipitation with serum calcium and the generation of calcium phosphate composites. The experiments were also designed to find out the ideal amount of potassium phosphate to induce an effective reaction. Potassium phosphate was injected in Wistar rats, randomly separated and distributed into seven groups. Group I was injected with 0.5 ml of saline solution (control) and groups II through VII were injected with 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg of potassium phosphate, respectively. Blood collected from the inferior vena cava was submitted to biochemical analyses to measure the concentrations of calcium, Pi, urea and creatinine. The results showed that Pi, induced by the injection of potassium phosphate in live animals, causes precipitation with serum calcium, with statistically significant differences between the control and the treatment groups for doses up to 5.0 mg/kg. No statistically significant differences were found between the different doses and the concentration of urea and creatinine in the plasma. We conclude that potassium phosphate can be used to induce serum calcium precipitation in-vivo, with minor effects on other physiological variables, and the ideal dose to do so is 5.0 mg/kg.
Fear extinction in humans: Effects of acquisition–extinction delay and masked stimulus presentations

Fear extinction can be viewed as an inhibitory learning process. This is supported by post-extinction phenomena demonstrating the return of fear, such as reinstatement. Recent work has questioned this account, claiming that extinction initiated immediately after fear acquisition can abolish the return of fear. In the current study, participants were fear conditioned to four different conditioned stimuli (CS) and underwent extinction either immediately or after a 24 h delay. During extinction, we manipulated CS contingency awareness by presenting two of the CSs (one CS+, one CS-) under non-masked conditions and the other two CSs under masked conditions. Compared to delayed extinction, immediate extinction of non-masked CSs promoted less extinction of fear-potentiated startle and shock expectancy ratings and less reinstatement of fear-potentiated startle without affecting shock expectancy ratings. Critically, future research should clarify how the differences between immediate and delayed extinction in within-session extinction modulate the recovery of fear.