SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Nacrecrete—A nacre inspired high-performance resource-efficient concrete

One of the pressing challenges of the 21st century is how to construct our build environment sustainably. This proposed project aims to develop Nacrecrete—A Nacre inspired high-performance resource-efficient concrete. Nacrecrete will be realized via the cross-pollination of biologically inspired materials synthesis strategies with advanced three-dimensional (3D)-printing, and the partnership of groups at Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Ireland and the Delft University of Technology (TUD), the Netherlands. This cross-pollination will see a cementitious-polymer composite printed whereby the polymer phase will mechano-chemically modulate the cementitious phases at the nano–microscale and printing will allow control over the composite’s architecture at the macroscale, resulting in a hierarchically structured, super strong and tough, resource-efficient, sustainable, concrete. The Nacrecrete project will open up a whole new field of research and promises new and exciting sustainable building and construction potentialities.

In preparation for independent research after the project, the applicant will build new scientific knowledge and skills in the synthesis of polymer/inorganic composites, the printing of polymeric materials and advanced materials characterisation, and transferable skills including leadership, mentoring, teaching and grant writing and exploitation. This new knowledge and skills coupled with the development of a new and exciting research field will be a firm step on the way to the applicant heading his own research group working on the development of ‘Bio-inspired building and construction materials’ at a top European university.
Redox Controls over the Stability of U(IV) in Floodplains of the Upper Colorado River Basin

Aquifers in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) exhibit persistent uranium (U) groundwater contamination plumes originating from former ore processing operations. Previous observations at Rifle, Colorado, have shown that fine grained, sulfidic, organic-enriched sediments accumulate U in its reduced form, U(IV), which is less mobile than oxidized U(VI). These reduced sediment bodies can subsequently act as secondary sources, releasing U back to the aquifer. There is a need to understand if U(IV) accumulation in reduced sediments is a common process at contaminated sites basin-wide, to constrain accumulated U(IV) speciation, and to define the biogeochemical factors controlling its reactivity. We have investigated U(IV) accumulation in organic-enriched reduced sediments at three UCRB floodplains. Noncrystalline U(IV) is the dominant form of accumulated U, but crystalline U(IV) comprises up to ca. 30% of total U at some locations. Differing susceptibilities of these species to oxidative remobilization can explain this variability. Particle size, organic carbon content, and pore saturation, control the exposure of U(IV) to oxidants, moderating its oxidative release. Further, our data suggest that U(IV) can be mobilized under deeply reducing conditions, which may contribute to maintenance and seasonal variability of U in groundwater plumes in the UCRB.
Endosomal control of local protein synthesis in axons

Neurons are morphologically complex cells that rely on highly compartmentalized signaling to coordinate cellular functions. The endocytic pathway is a crucial trafficking route by which neurons integrate, spatially process and transfer information. Endosomal trafficking in axons and dendrites ensures that required molecules and signaling complexes are present where and when they are functionally needed thus fulfilling essential roles in neuronal physiology. Our recent work has revealed the presence of mRNAs and ribosomes on endosomes in axons, raising the exciting possibility that these motile organelles also directly modulate the local proteome by controlling de novo protein synthesis. However, the mechanisms by which endosomes regulate mRNA translation in neurons is unknown. Moreover, the roles of endosome-mediated control of protein synthesis in neuronal development and function have not been investigated. Here, we propose to bridge this knowledge gap by elucidating links between the endocytic pathway and local protein synthesis in neurons, focusing on their functional relationship in axons. By combining genome-wide analysis, genetic tools, state-of-the-art imaging techniques and the use of Xenopus and mouse vertebrate models, we plan to address the following fundamental questions: (i) What are the mRNAs associated with endosomes and does endosomal trafficking regulate their axonal localization? (ii) Does the endocytic pathway mediate the selective translation of axonal mRNAs in response to extracellular factors? (iii) What are the endosome-associated RNA-binding proteins, and what is the effect of perturbing these associations on axonal development and maintenance in vivo? (iv) Does impaired endosomal regulation of axonal mRNA localization and translation cause axonopathies? Answering these questions will set strong foundations for this new area of research and can provide a new angle in our comprehension of neuropathies in need of novel therapeutic strategies.
PROCESS OF PRODUCING SELF-SUPPORTED CATALYSTS

The process features concurrent feeds into the liquid phase of a prepolymerization reaction mixture. These feeds are: a) separate continuous or substantially continuous feeds of (i) a polymerizable vinylolefin, and (ii) a solution in an organic liquid solvent of a metallocene and an aluminoxane and/or metallocene-aluminoxane reaction product; or b) separate continuous or substantially continuous feeds of (i) a polymerizable vinylolefin, (iii) a metallocene optionally in an organic liquid solvent or diluent, and (iv) an aluminoxane optionally in an organic liquid solvent or diluent; or c) separate continuous or substantially continuous feeds of (i) and (ii) and at least one of (iii) and (iv). Particles of catalytically-active, prepolymerized, self-supported olefin polymerization catalyst composition are formed in the reaction medium. The metallocene used as the feed or in making up the feed has at least one polymerizable olefinic substituent in the molecule.
Mitigating Spatial Relevant Risks in European Regions and Towns

The MiSRaR project is about protecting people, environment and property against the destructive impact of natural and technological hazards. Recent examples of such hazards are the 2005 floods that hit Germany, the forest fires in Greece in 2007 and the fireworks disaster in Enschede, the Netherlands in 2001. These events damaged the homes of countless people, the businesses of many entrepreneurs and had a devastating impact on natural beauty. A growing number of European local and regional authorities start to design and implement strategies to minimize the impact of such extreme events. These strategies are called Spatial Mitigation strategies and are the first, and very important, step in a disaster management strategy. The ambition of this project is to exchange experiences and best practices with partners from around Europe that have incorporated the corner stones of mitigation - risk assessment and risk management - in their daily spatial planning practice.
A hazard becomes a risk when the vulnerability of the threatened area is high due to the presence of people, nature and property. Extensive attention has been given to reactive orientation on disastrous events in regional policy development, while preventive orientation concentrating on spatial mitigation is an underestimated area. European experience and best practices are widespread but rarely exchanged, which often leads to reinventing the “mitigation process wheel” over and over again, while this is specifically an aspect of disaster management that consists of similar processes, tools and models that can be applied by local and regional government throughout the EU. The MiSRaR project has been able to identify and select European partners from six countries that deal on a daily base with the challenge of mitigating spatial risks in their regions and/or towns and are involved in spatial mitigation planning on local and regional level.
The MiSRaR project has an ambitious agenda. To identify, collect, review and disseminate experiences, the project organizes 16 thematic seminars each covering a specific aspect of risk assessment and risk management. Seminars will be held in each country and focus on exchange of technical knowledge and best practices, stakeholder consultations with relevant public and private organizations and a field visit to witness the actual implementation of mitigation measures. To make sure that other European towns and regions can profit from the exchange activities the project will produce a number of brochures on risk assessment and management topics and a Mitigation Handbook for local and regional policy and decision makers. At the end of the project each partner will organize a dissemination seminar in their home town or region to disseminate the project results and look for opportunities to advocate the use of risk assessment and management in spatial planning efforts.
METHOD OF SEPARATING SURFACE LAYER OF SEMICONDUCTOR CRYSTAL USING A LASER BEAM PERPENDICULAR TO THE SEPARATING PLANE

This invention provides two variations of methods of separating a surface layer (307) of the semiconductor crystal (101). In the first variation of the method, a focused laser beam (102) is directed onto the crystal (101) in such a way that focus is placed in the layer separation plane (304) perpendicular to the axis (103) of said beam (102), the laser beam (102) is moved with scanning the layer separation plane (304) with focus in the direction from the open side surface of the crystal (101) deep into the crystal with forming a continuous slit width of which is increased with every pass of the laser beam (102), the previous operation is performed up to separation of the surface layer (307). In the second variation of the method, pulse laser emission is generated; a focused laser beam is directed onto the crystal in such a way that focus is placed in the layer separation plane perpendicular the axis of said beam, a laser beam is moved in such a way that focus is moved in the layer separation plane with forming the non - overlapping local regions with a disturbed topology of the crystal structure and with reduced interatomic bonds, wherein said local regions is distributed over the whole said plane, an external action disturbing said reduced interatomic bonds is applied to the separable layer.
The feeble interaction frontier of flavour physics

Despite all its successes, the shortcomings of the Standard Model of particle physics are well-known: for instance the origin of its flavour structure, the absence of a dark matter candidate, or the strong CP problem. While many of the new physics models aiming at solving them rely on new particles around the TeV scale, this is neither a requirement nor the simplest solution in many cases. In fact, new light but Feebly Interacting Particles (FIPs) often represent the most straightforward solution, with deep implications for flavour physics, dark matter, astrophysics and cosmology.  As particle physics enters a new era of “precision”, dozens of experiments, ranging from the High Luminosity LHC to neutrinos experiments, will have the potential to search for such particles. 
FlavourFIPs aims at exploring the uncharted links between such versatile new physics candidates and the Standard Model flavour problem. 

The applicant will develop novel cutting-edge theoretical tools to study the GeV-scale phenomenology of FIPs, including in particular a unified effective field theory description of new flavoured light particles at this scale. Postulating the existence of a UV-theory designed to solve the flavour problem, FlavourFIPs will then reshape the FIPs parameter space for current and upcoming intensity frontier experiments. In particular, the project will explore how a long-lived FIP could be produced via flavour-violating processes then detected in neutrinos or dedicated LHC-based detectors. Closing the loop, FlavourFIPs will finally investigate if FIPs can participate in creating the flavour anomalies potentially observed in B-mesons decays, and beyond, investigate FIPs role in complete theories of flavour.

Throughout the fellowship, the dissemination activities will reinforce the position of Europe in the intensity frontier international community and will participate in shaping the future experimental landscape, in particular for future HL-LHC-based experiments.
Power Law Model for Coarse-grained Materials

Coarse-grained materials usually show softening and dilatancy properties during triaxial tests,but the practical hyperbolic model can not reflect these proterties.Power law model can describe both strain-hardening and strain-softening behaviors,which can be used effectively to model stress-strain relationship of coarse-grained materials.The advantage of power law model is that it can simulate a hyperbolic shape up to the peak deviator stress and then simulate post peak softening.The stress-strain and volumetric strain properties of coarse-grained materials during shearing process were depicted.Then the theory and property of power law model were introduced.A power law model for coarse-grained materials is proposed based on concept of power law model.The proposed model not only can simulate strain-hardening and strain-softening behaviors but also can reflect dilatancy property.The tangent Young's modulus and tangent bulk modulus are deduced based on the presented model.Finally the rationality of proposed model is validated based on results of an engineering example.
Overweight-Induced hypogonadism as major factor for the generation and/or perpetuation of metabolic co-morbidities of obesity: contribution of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms

Obesity is a global health problem whose prevalence is increasing substantially due to lifestyle changes. This complex medical condition is frequently linked to serious metabolic complications and deregulation of hormonal axes, which lead to perturbed homeostasis in conditions of overweight. Different studies have suggested that obesity is often associated to hypogonadism, a reproductive disorder that might also promote metabolic alterations, thus setting a vicious circle in the generation/perpetuation of obesity co-morbidities. While the targets and molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unknown, emerging evidence from experimental models of metabolic stress linked to hypogonadism strongly suggests the potential role of perturbations of hypothalamic Kiss1/NKB neurons. Likewise, the recently identified involvement of epigenetics in the control of Kiss1 expression at puberty, a crucial stage in sexual development that is metabolically gated, suggests also the contribution of these regulatory mechanisms to this phenomenon. In this context, this project aims to elucidate the pathophysiological relevance of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in obesity-induced hypogonadism and their influence in the generation/ maintenance of the metabolic complications of overweight. To this end, we will characterize the time-course of alterations of key hormonal and epigenetic factors in preclinical models of obesity and will evaluate the contribution of epigenetic modifications in deregulation of hypothalamic Kiss1/NKB neurons in conditions of overweight. In addition, we will analyse the potential role of gonadal steroids in this phenomenon. This project will help to identify the molecular targets and epigenetic mechanisms responsible for the metabolic perturbations linked to obesity-induced hypogonadism, and will aid to define better tools for the treatment of these complications.
MODIFIED RELEASE NICORANDIL COMPOUND FORMULATIONS

Provided are compositions comprising nicorandil compound(s) in a controlled release formulation that releases at least about 30% of the nicorandil compound(s) into the intestine of human subjects. Such compositions can include a gastric acid dissolution susceptible component (GADSC) and a gastric acid dissolution resistant component (GADRC), wherein upon maintaining the composition in contact with a pH 1.2 dissolution media for a period of about 2 hours (1) the GADRC releases a statistically significantly smaller proportion of the one or more nicorandil compounds in the GADRC than the proportion of one or more nicorandil compounds release from the GADSC and (2) the composition releases no more than 50% of the one or more nicorandil compounds contained in the composition. The invention further provides methods of product such compositions and therapeutic uses of compositions, e.g., comprising once-daily administration of the composition to treat one or more diseases or conditions, including angina.
INTERVERTEBRAL IMPLANT

The invention relates to an intervertebral implant with a contact face (12) which, in the implanted state of the intervertebral implant, bears on a surface of a vertebral body. The implant has a plurality of teeth (13) which protrude relative to the contact face (12) and whose end directed away from the contact face (12) runs out in an edge (19). According to the invention, the edge (19) is rounded, and the radius (r) of the edge (19) is not less than 0.1 mm. Therefore, when the teeth (13) of the implant according to the invention penetrate into the bone of a vertebral body, the bone tissue is not severed but merely compacted. The hold of the implant in the vertebral body is improved.
Legal culture under stalinism in poland

The objective of the project is to describe the legal culture in Poland under communism on the basis of cultural texts, especially films and literature. No scholarly research of that kind has been done to date. 
The experience of communism caused Polish citizens to distance themselves from laws and legally binding regulations and to use the strategy of “playing the law”. This means that members of the democratic opposition, while they understood that authorities treated communist law instrumentally, acted as if their basic rights were binding both for them, and for the authorities. The strategy in the long run was of considerable importance for the evolutionary exit from communism. 
Conducting comparative research on the basis of cultural texts and currently available works of historians and sociologists will allow me to investigate (1) how the contents of these texts reflected and reacted to the oppression from the communist regime; (2) to what extent the rule-of-law environment of Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) is different from that of Western Europe, and (3) to what extent the Polish example might help formulate more general conclusions about the further implementation of EU legal norms in Poland and CEE, and might help us understand the legal culture of new democracies, e.g. countries participating in the Arab Spring.
The project will be realized at the SAXO Institute, University of Copenhagen, in close cooperation with main supervisor, Prof. Helle Porsdam. 
The project will result in at least 3 articles in peer-reviewed academic journals, at least 4 presentations to an international audience, as well as a range of more popular works. It will provide (A) opportunities to acquire and transfer knowledge between Poland to Western Europe; (B) enhancement of my own creative and innovative potential in an international scientific environment.
Systemic treatments for cutaneous warts: A systematic review

Systemic therapies are routinely used for the management of cutaneous warts. However, there is a lack of evidence-based data on their effectiveness.To assess the evidence for the efficacy of systemic treatments for cutaneous warts.We designed a systematic review of the randomized controlled clinical trials (1962 to April 2010) investigating systemic therapies for the treatment of cutaneous warts. We obtained data from MEDLINE, PubMed, Current Contents, reference lists, and specialist textbooks, with no restriction on language. The main outcome measures were the total clearance of warts and the adverse effects.There was substantial heterogeneity in the design of the trials. No consistent evidence was found for the efficacy of cimetidine, levamisole or homeopathy, and only limited evidence was found for the efficacy of zinc.Reviewed trials of systemic treatments for cutaneous warts were highly variable in methods and quality, and there was a paucity of evidence from randomized, placebo-controlled trials on which to base the rational use of such therapies. Limited evidence is emerging that zinc may be effective in selected populations with zinc deficiency.
Exploring the link between innate immunity and cellular aging

The innate immune system has evolved signalling receptors, which detect various stresses including microbial infection but also signals emanating from non-infectious cellular damage. Upon activation, these signalling receptors can trigger a variety of distinct effector responses collectively aimed towards maintaining the integrity of the host. The recognition of cytosolic DNA through the cGAS-STING pathway is a fundamental mechanism through which pathogens and cellular stress evoke an inflammatory response. Recently, we discovered a new role of the cGAS-STING pathway in promoting cellular senescence, a critical stress response program that is emerging as a key driver of aging. On the basis of this finding, the overarching gaol of ImAgine is to further explore the molecular links that exist between the mechanisms of innate immune signalling and those underlying aging processes. Specifically, we will address whether the cGAS-STING pathway acts as a contributor to age-associated phenotypes and we will interrogate mitotic perturbations as a physiological source of age-associated damage that activates the innate DNA sensing machinery. Another intriguing possibility emerging from our work is that cellular senescence is relevant for the host response against pathogens. Utilising an array of genetic and pharmacological tools, we will challenge this idea and molecularly decipher the role of senescent cells in physiological models of acute and chronic infection. A detailed picture of the interplay between innate immune pathways and cellular ageing will not only be a critical step towards a global understanding of fundamental host response mechanisms, but may also provide new concepts for the treatment of diseases that are associated with infectious diseases or ageing.
Are immigrants really attracted to the welfare state? Evidence from OECD countries

This paper examines the impact of fiscal policies on both the size and educational levels of immigrants in destination countries. We find that whether or not a country’s policies are attracting highly educated immigrants goes beyond the issue of the “welfare state”. Immigrants are making important distinctions between the different benefits provided by a receiving country’s government. Health and education spending are found to have a positive impact on the education levels of immigrants while the reverse is true for unemployment and retirement benefits. Welfare programs are found to be insignificant once other government programs/taxes and other factors are taken into account. These results imply that countries should be less concerned about whether they are a “big government” with regards to attracting immigrants, and more concerned with what types of benefits they offer.
Combimill Sakala OÜ Resource Audit

As part of the project “Performing a resource audit of Combimill Sakala OÜ”, a detailed RESSURSIAUDIT will be carried out at the production unit of the company in Kõidama village in order to identify the potential for energy and resource savings. The aim of energy and resource audits is to raise the company’s awareness of the use of its resources and to create the prerequisites for making resource use more efficient.