SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Sketching the Invisible to Predict the Visible: From Drawing to Modeling in Chemistry

Sketching as a scientific practice goes beyond the simple act of inscribing diagrams onto paper. Scientists produce a wide range of representations through sketching, as it is tightly coupled to model-based reasoning. Chemists in particular make extensive use of sketches to reason about chemical phenomena and to communicate their ideas. However, the chemical sciences have a unique problem in that chemists deal with the unseen world of the atomic-molecular level. Using sketches, chemists strive to develop causal mechanisms that emerge from the structure and behavior of molecular-level entities, to explain observations of the macroscopic visible world. Interpreting these representations and constructing sketches of molecular-level processes is a crucial component of student learning in the modern chemistry classroom. Sketches also serve as an important component of assessment in the chemistry classroom as student sketches give insight into developing mental models, which allows instructors to observe how students are thinking about a process. In this paper we discuss how sketching can be used to promote such model-based reasoning in chemistry and discuss two case studies of curricular projects, CLUE and The Connected Chemistry Curriculum, that have demonstrated a benefit of this approach. We show how sketching activities can be centrally integrated into classroom norms to promote model-based reasoning both with and without component visualizations. Importantly, each of these projects deploys sketching in support of other types of inquiry activities, such as making predictions or depicting models to support a claim; sketching is not an isolated activity but is used as a tool to support model-based reasoning in the discipline.
Music and Countercultures in Italy: the Neapolitan Scene

Neapolitan Song is recognized as one of the most important repertoires of songs in the world and one of the first examples of popular music. Yet, in the “60s, when the young Neapolitan musicians tried to absorb and develop the countercultural trends of the time which were spreading in Italy, such a repertoire seemed like an enemy on their way. This essay tells how the Neapolitan music of the last fifty years had to discard or reshape the classic Neapolitan Song in order to fight its hegemony and find its way to modernity in a country that was changing at fast speed. It is only after this work of “deconstruction” that Neapolitan Song was recovered and re-accepted, boasting now a new generation of enthusiastic scholars and performers.
Novel antagonist antibodies and their Fab fragments against GPVI and uses thereof

FR2009/113 PCT PATENT APPLICATION TITLE Novel antagonist antibodies and their Fab fragments against GPVI and uses thereof SANOFI-AVENTISThe present invention discloses novel antibodies that specifically bind to the human platelet membrane protein Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and their monovalent fragments or derivatives. The antibodies of the invention are antibodies from hybridoma clone 390 and fragment antibodies thereof able to induce a GPVI depletion phenotype. These antibodies and Fab fragments are able to block collagen binding and thus preventing platelet activation by collagen. The invention also relates to hybridoma clones and expression plasmids for the production of disclosed antibodies and Fab fragments. The present invention further refers to the uses of monovalent antibody fragments to manufacture research, diagnostic and immunotherapeutic agents for the treatment of thrombosis and other vascular diseases. The invention also concerns a Fab bearing a molecule at the C-terminal extremity, as well as method for prevention of recognition of Fab by antibodies using such modified Fab. The invention concerns a method for prevention of platelet activation when an anti-GP VI Fab is used.
Isotope Ratios of 235U/238U and 137Cs/235U in Black Rain Streaks on Plaster Wall Caused by Fallout of the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb

Radiological investigations of fallout from the atomic bomb detonated over Hiroshima city on 6 August 1945 are important to estimate doses for inhabitants. The authors have analyzed the concentrations of (137)Cs, (235)U, and (238)U in streaks of black rain caused by the atomic bomb using gamma-ray spectroscopy and the ICP-QMS method. The black rain streaks were deposited on a plaster wall of a house located 3.7 km west of the hypocenter that has been kept in the same condition as after the rainfall. Cesium-137 ((137)Cs) was detected from black streak samples. Concentration of (137)Cs in the black rain streaks is twice as high as fallout deposition on the ground in this area. A (235)U/(238)U atom ratio of 0.00887 was found, which is higher than the natural ratio, reflecting the fact that the atomic bomb "Little Boy" used enriched uranium as fuel. The ratio (137)Cs/(235)U was determined to be 0.0091, which is about eight times higher than the estimated ratio of 0.00113 based on the fission yield.
Improvements in torches for lighting gas stoves

165,467. Knott, G. F. J. Jan. 29, 1920. Mechanism operated by tilting valve casing; seats.-In a gas torch for lighting stoves of the type in which a ball valve c normally shuts off the gas but, when the torch is brought to its operative position, rolls off its seating and allows a free flow of gas, a thin hair line passage b allows a minute quantity of gas to flow when the ball valve rests on its seating in a block a. The ball valveis kept in position by a cylindrical tube d having a tapered end for carrying the burner tip e. Specifications 19471/90, [Class 51, Furnaces &c.], and 19523/12 are referred to.
Promotion of Geological and Naturalistic Heritage between Italy and Switzerland

The mountain has been considered for years a place for enthusiasts. In recent years, on the other hand, there has been an approach towards mountain places linked in particular to the naturalistic and environmental aspect; however, the visitor, and often also the resident, has little information on the birth and value of mountain economies. The project proposes the recovery and dissemination of this knowledge, in order to provide greater attractiveness to the territories, with the creation of itineraries and the training of operators capable of making people read and understand how the mountain has contributed to the development of civilization.
Reassessing ninth century philosophy. a synchronic approach to the logical traditions

This project aims at a better understanding of the philosophical richness of ninth century thought using the unprecedented and highly innovative method of the synchronic approach. The hypothesis directing this synchronic approach is that studying together in parallel the four main philosophical traditions of the century – i.e. Latin, Greek, Syriac and Arabic – will bring results that the traditional enquiry limited to one tradition alone can never reach. This implies pioneering a new methodology to overcome the compartmentalization of research which prevails nowadays. Using this method is only possible because the four conditions of applicability – comparable intellectual environment, common text corpus, similar methodological perspective, commensurable problems – are fulfilled. The ninth century, a time of cultural renewal in the Carolingian, Byzantine and Abbasid empires, possesses the remarkable characteristic – which ensures commensurability – that the same texts, namely the writings of Aristotelian logic (mainly Porphyry’s Isagoge and Aristotle’s Categories) were read and commented upon in Latin, Greek, Syriac and Arabic alike. 
Logic is fundamental to philosophical enquiry. The contested question is the human capacity to rationalise, analyse and describe the sensible reality, to understand the ontological structure of the world, and to define the types of entities which exist. The use of this unprecedented synchronic approach will allow us a deeper understanding of the positions, a clear identification of the a priori postulates of the philosophical debates, and a critical evaluation of the arguments used. It provides a unique opportunity to compare the different traditions and highlight the heritage which is common, to stress the specificities of each tradition when tackling philosophical issues and to discover the doctrinal results triggered by their mutual interactions, be they constructive (scholarly exchanges) or polemic (religious controversies).
On Birkhoff's quasigroup axioms

Birkhoff defined a quasigroup as an algebra ( Q , ⋅ , \ , / ) that satisfies the following six identities: x ⋅ ( x \ y ) = y , ( y / x ) ⋅ x = y , x \ ( x ⋅ y ) = y , ( y ⋅ x ) / x = y , x / ( y \ x ) = y , and ( x / y ) \ x = y . We investigate triples and tetrads of identities composed of these six, emphasizing those that axiomatize the variety of quasigroups.
Breaking the pattern: Creative voices

This issue of the Journal of Learning Design presents six highly original perspectives on teaching and learning in higher education. Edward de Bono (1992) argued that “there is no doubt that creativity is the most important human resource of all. Without creativity, there would be no progress, and we would be forever repeating the same patterns ” (p. 169, emphases added). If there were but one way to teach – one set of commonly-agreed pedagogical patterns - there would be no need for the Journal of Learning Design . Designing learning experiences is always bespoke – there are no formulas or predetermined ways of teaching. If this were the case, the authors in this and our other issues would not creatively wrestle with or seek to problematise how to improve their teaching practice or how to better engage and challenge their students. They would not aim to confirm or refute their observations through theoretical frameworks or empirical studies. They would not do anything but stand before students and talk “at” them; they would not share with them the structures underpinning their learning; and they would not allow them to learn by doing. The authors in this issue have done these things and, in these pages, graciously share their experiences and their personal perspectives with you
Influence of substrate temperature on structural, optical, and electrical properties of flash evaporated CuIn0.81Al0.19Se2 thin films

Abstract Chalcopyrite copper indium aluminum diselenide (CuIn 0.81 Al 0.19 Se 2 ) compound is prepared by direct reaction of high purity elemental copper, indium, aluminum and selenium in their stoichiometric proportion. Structural and compositional characterizations of pulverized material confirm the formation of a single phase, polycrystalline nature. CuInAlSe 2 (CIAS) thin films are deposited on organically cleaned soda lime glass substrates using flash evaporation technique by varying the substrate temperatures in the range from 423 K to 573 K. Influence of substrate temperature observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical and electrical measurement. CIAS Films grown at different substrate temperatures are polycrystalline in nature, exhibiting a chalcopyrite structure with lattice parameters a  = ∼0.576 nm and c  = ∼1.151 nm. The crystallinity in the films increases with increasing substrate temperature up to 473 K, and tend to degrade at higher substrate temperatures. Optical band gap is in the range of 1.20 eV–1.38 eV and the absorption coefficient is close to 10 5  cm −1 . Electrical characterization reveals p-type conductivity and the structural, morphological and optical properties indicate potential use of CIAS thin films as an absorber layer for thin film solar cell applications.
Imprecise probability models of rational belief

Imprecise Probability Models of Rational Belief. 

The goal of this project is to provide a philosophically well founded theory of rational belief based on ""Imprecise Probabilities""(IP). That is, instead of the orthodox Bayesian approach to modelling belief using probability functions, the IP approach uses a set of probability functions as the representation of belief. This promises to be a more foundationally secure, more normatively compelling, more descriptively accurate and more representationally powerful theory of rational belief. The project consists of three parts. The first analyses the basic concept of IP, and the methodology of formal epistemology more generally. The second explores learning and inference in an IP setting, and the third focusses on decision making with IP.
VEHICLE COMMUNICATION/CONTROL SYSTEM

A system for a vehicle having a master module and at least one slave module. A vehicle control system wherein a module is juxtaposed the steering wheel/column or centre of the vehicle. A control system for a vehicle wherein a module is coupled directly to an instrument cluster. A system for a vehicle wherein the master module has at least two buses. A communication system adapated for use in a vehicle wherein the master module polls a slave module. In a vehicle, a system wherein coupling between modules is provided by four wires used for transmit, receive, supply and return. A communication method of transmitting data one way asynchronously and the other way synchronously. A communication method of initiating the transmitting of a reply before the whole message has been received.
Architecture of the Totalitarian Regimes of the XX°Century in Urban Management PLUS

The project ATRIUM PLUS, capitalizing the results of the previous South East Europe’s project ATRIUM, is aimed at creating a cultural tourist attraction of the heritage of the XXth century totalitarian regimes in an informed and ethical way. The project will define a common information strategy for visitors and carry out cross-border trainings for tourist guides, as well as a cross-border programme of study visits involving schools to test the cultural tourism potential of the architectures and memories in relation to the totalitarian regimes.
Mechanism and modernity

Gregor Schiemann’s Wahrheitsgewissheitsverlust: Hermann von Helmholtz’ Mechanismus im Anbruch der Moderne (1997) is a mighty endeavor. Part intellectual history, part history of philosophy of science and nature, it has an ambitious, twofold aim: to chart mechanistic philosophy of nature and to trace the transformation from the ‘‘classical’’ to the ‘‘modern’’ concept of science. In doing so, it seeks to provide a new periodization of the history of modern science. The abridged English version, Hermann von Helmholtz’s Mechanism: The Loss of Certainty, still advances a number of big claims. Commonly, the Early Modern period is regarded as a period of major changes of the structure, content, and organization as well as of the conception of science. Schiemann, however, advocates a different periodization. While he agrees that the seventeenth century was a time of profound transformation of mechanics, he argues that the transformation from the classical to the modern conception of science took place in the second half of the nineteenth century (and, according to Schiemann, is still going on). One of the main features of this transformation is the shift from the claim to absolute, valid knowledge or truth to the insight into the hypothetical character of scientific knowledge. The loss of confidence in the certainty of knowledge— Wahrheitsgewissheitsverlust, as it is so exquisitely put in the original title—is a distinctive feature of modernity. Schiemann takes his cue from German philosopher Alwin Diemer and historian and sociologist Wolf Lepenies as well as from Bachelard and Foucault. In his introduction, he reminds us that these thinkers highlight transitions and ruptures in the long-term development of science and that they see the dawn of modernity occurring in the nineteenth century. Schiemann utilizes the works of one of the most eminent nineteenth-century scientists, Hermann von Helmholtz, to illustrate and
Formas de intervención del Estado en la marina mercante portuguesa, 1933-1985

El objetivo de este artículo es describir y analizar las diferentes maneras de intervención del Estado en la trayectoria de la marina mercante portuguesa entre 1933 y 1985 en cuatro puntos: a) el régimen jurídico de concesión de subvenciones y los modelos de protección nacional; b) la formación y el mantenimiento de empresas navieras de propiedad estatal; c) los aspectos institucionales en la creación de órganos reguladores y promotores del sector naval; y d) los mecanismos de financiación a través de fondos y recursos liberados por bancos públicos y privados en los programas de fomento naval. La relación entre el Estado y la marina mercante siempre ha sido muy estrecha en Portugal, tanto en su formación como en el mantenimiento de las carreras y flotas y en su expansión. Incluso, teniendo en cuenta los diferentes periodos históricos y políticos y las distintas políticas económicas, la presencia del Estado en el sector naval ha sido siempre importante en el nivel de la concesión de subvenciones a las compañías navieras, en la garantía de mercados (protección), en la formación de empresas estatales, en el financiamiento de la renovación de la flota y en la organización de instituciones responsables por la formulación de políticas de fomento al sector naval durante el Estado Nuevo corporativo (1933-1974) y el régimen democrático (1974-1985).&#x0D;
Influence of stimulus and viewing task types on a learning-based visual saliency model

Learning-based approaches using actual human gaze data have been proven to be an efficient way to acquire accurate visual saliency models and attracted much interest in recent years. However, it still remains yet to be answered how different types of stimulus (e.g., fractal images, and natural images with or without human faces) and viewing tasks (e.g., free viewing or a preference rating task) affect learned visual saliency models. In this study, we quantitatively investigate how learned saliency models differ when using datasets collected in different settings (image contextual level and viewing task) and discuss the importance of choosing appropriate experimental settings.
Software defined application infrastructures management and engineering

SODALITE will provide application developers and infrastructure operators with tools that (a) abstract their application and infrastructure requirements to (b) enable simpler and faster development, deployment, operation, and execution of heterogeneous applications reflecting diverse circumstances over (c) heterogeneous, software-defined, high-performance, cloud infrastructures, with a particular focus on performance, quality, manageability, and reliability. In doing so, it will produce several tangible results, (1) pattern-based abstraction library, including application, infrastructure and an absolute novum, performance abstractions, (2) design and programming model for full-stack application and infrastructure descriptions, using abstraction library; (3) deployment framework, enabling static optimisation of the so-abstracted applications onto specific infrastructures (4) automated run-time optimisation and management of so-deployed applications. This toolset will directly support Digital Transformation of European Industry through (1) increasing design and runtime effectiveness of software-defined infrastructures, to ensure high-performance execution over dynamic heterogeneous execution environments; (2) increasing simplicity of modelling applications and infrastructures, to improve manageability, collaboration, and time to market.
Water reuse policies advancement for resource efficient European regions

SUPPORTING WATER EFFICIENCY THROUGH WATER REUSE
Water reuse is a key way to both promote resource efficiency in water scarce areas of Europe, and to profit from opportunities in the expanding water market, thereby alleviating pressure on wetlands and littoral areas of Europe. The EC "Strategic Implementation Plan of the European Innovation Partnership on Water”, was set in place to promote and support efficient water management in Europe where water scarcity affects 11% of its population. In this context, AQUARES will support public authorities to initiate efforts, join forces and exchange experiences to: a) identify viable strategies to utilise water reuse to confront inefficient uses of water, b) make the most of EU financing tools, and c) promote public dialogue to address conflicting interests.

OBJECTIVE
AQUARES brings together 10 partners from 9 countries, to achieve efficient water management through water reuse, profit from the opportunities in the water market, and secure the protection of water bodies.

EXPECTED IMPACT
- Increased capacity of 200 staff of public administrations to effectively support water reuse
- 10+ million € investments unlocked to support projects on water efficiency and to improve the management of water bodies
- Increased awareness and consensus building among water providers, the workforce, and citizens, to support measures for water reuse (over 1000 individuals).

MAIN OUTPUTS & BENEFICIARIES
- 9 action plans to improve the addressed policy instruments, benefiting managing authorities and beneficiaries
- 4 interregional workshops, 3 study visits and 10 bipartite site visits promoting capacity building among partners and stakeholders
- 9 policy briefs to transfer lessons learnt to EU and national public authorities
- 1 online toolkit on the evaluation of water reuse investments for regions promoting water efficiency
- 5 joint thematic studies and analyses reports on territorial needs and opportunities for water reuse pathways
Economy by space

Space technology connected with Artificial Intelligence and machine learning techniques is one of the most rapidly developing field of science and also play a key role to control disaster by space like Covid-19 outbreak. While space technologies have been successfully applied to a small number of macroeconomy and heath care related matters over the last decade, there is neither a significant utilization of space elements nor a systematic analysis of needs for space assets in this sector yet.
There are a significant number of indirect parameters observable from space that can be correlated to the impact on the economy of natural, health (including epidemic) and man-made disasters. Classical environment parameters (geographical, climatological and hydrogeological) and man induced impact on the environment (pollution, heat) can be combined with economic parameters of human activities impacted by the epidemic including transportation, industry, and commerce. Specific human activities can be directly correlated with the progression of the diseases i.e. increase of heat delivered by crematorium in the affected areas as well as in the dwelling areas due to lock-down restrictions.
All these “observed parameters” need to be correlated to macro parameters related to the progress of the epidemic and its impact of the of the infection to the economy at different scales. At medium- and long-term time scale, this methodology enables the near real-time monitoring of macroeconomic parameters during the recovery phase following the end of the emergency outbreak. 
The project EYE intends to propose a prototype service based on Copernicus data, automatic image processing supported by artificial intelligence integrated with modelling and statistic and geospatial data into an IT platform able to provide econometric and epidemiologic nowcasting and forecasting data.