SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
How elephants grow old

The ageing population structure of most European countries has major health, economic and social consequences that lead to a need to better understand both the evolutionary limitations of deferring ageing, as well as the mechanisms involved in growing old. Ageing involves reduced fertility, mobility and ability to combat disease, but some individuals cope with growing old better than others. Improving the quality of life at old age and predicting future changes in longevity patterns of societies might depend on our ability to develop indicators of how old we really are and how many healthy years we have ahead, and how those indicators depend on our health history across several decades. Yet, most model species used in biology are short-lived and provide a poor comparison to long-lived mammals such as humans. Further, they do not often inform on the mechanisms of ageing alongside its fitness consequences in natural populations of long-lived mammals. This project integrates different ageing mechanisms with unique data on lifelong disease and reproductive history in the most long-lived non-human mammal studied so far, the Asian elephant. I will examine how different mechanisms of ageing (telomere dynamics, oxidative stress and telomerase activity) interact with lifelong disease and reproductive history, and current endocrinological measures of stress and reproductive status. This will help us to better understand both the mechanisms of ageing and their consequences on senescence rates. To do so, I will combine the most comprehensive demographic data (N~10.000) on Asian elephants in the world with bi-monthly health assessments and disease records across life (N~2500) and with longitudinal markers of ageing and hormonal correlates of stress and reproductive potential (N~240). Understanding changes in health across life and its links to ageing rates, stress levels and life-history in a species as long-lived as humans will be relevant to a large range of end-users.
Preparation of polyamic acid and polyimide nanoparticles by compressed fluid antisolvent and thermal imidization

Abstract Polyamic acid (PAA) nanoparticles were generated by injection of an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution containing dissolved PAA into a high-pressure CO2 chamber in which the precipitation of PAA occurred by the antisolvent technique. Supercritical CO2 was then continuously fed into the chamber to dry the precipitated PAA. The effects of temperature, pressure and PAA concentration on PAA nanoparticle morphology and size were systematically examined. The results indicated that PAA size could be reduced by decreasing temperature or concentration and by increasing pressure. Spherical PAA nanoparticles with reduced coalescence could be generated at the condition of 313 K, 13.79 MPa and 1.0 wt% PAA in NMP. The resultant PAA nanoparticles and the corresponding polyimide (PI) nanoparticles obtained by thermal imidization treatment of PAA at the determined heating conditions were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. With evidence of an imide ring structure and high thermal stability, PI was verified to be successfully produced.
Solar wind heating and turbulence

Observations of solar wind (SW) turbulence have usually emphasized magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) scales where the Kolmogorov scaling f −5/3 of the magnetic spectra is frequently observed. These spectra are
thought to result from strongly nonlinear interactions. However, the question as to how turbulence of the MHD scales terminates its cascade at smaller (kinetic) scales is still hotly debated. Answering this
question is indeed fundamental to understanding the processes of particle acceleration and plasma heating in the SW and in other astrophysical plasmas. This project aims at studying the mechanisms of energy dissipation in solar wind. We will use a innovative multiple approach that combines in-situ fields and particles data available from the multispacecraft missions, numerical simulations and theories to model the complex behavior of turbulence cascade at kinetic scales where it is dissipated.
The polya machinery: elucidating the molecular mechanisms of mrna polyadenylation, deadenylation and rna recognition

Gene expression is tightly regulated to allow rapid responses to cellular stimuli. In eukaryotes, the 3´ polyA tail of mRNAs plays key roles in post-transcriptional control. The Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factor (CPF), Ccr4–Not and Pan2–Pan3 multiprotein complexes add or remove polyA tails to regulate mRNA stability and efficiency of translation. They control expression of genes in the inflammatory response, miRNA-targeted gene silencing and expression of maternal mRNAs in oocyte development. These processes are deregulated in disease, including cancer and neurological disorders.

Although the proteins that add and remove polyA tails are known, their mechanisms are poorly understood. My lab recently established methods to reconstitute the polyA machinery. This led to new insights into the link between transcription and polyadenylation, new understanding of the molecular mechanisms of deadenylation, and details of RNA recruitment.

In this proposal, my objective is to understand the molecular basis for polyadenylation and deadenylation of specific mRNAs. This is now possible because of our novel methodological and biological advances. We will determine high-resolution structures of the polyA machinery using electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM), reconstitute their biochemical activities in vitro and study their in vivo functional roles. We use this integrated approach to study intact multiprotein complexes, not individual subunits or domains. This involves considerable technical challenges and an investment in developing high quality purifications and new structural methods. I will determine how the four enzymatic activities of CPF are coupled, the mechanisms by which Ccr4–Not targets specific RNAs, and the molecular basis for RNA recognition by Pan2–Pan3. Together, this will provide new biological and technological insights, leading to understanding of fundamental processes in gene expression and the role of polyA tails in disease.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING AMYLOID IN A RETINA IN A DIAGNOSIS, ADVANCEMENT, AND PROGNOSING OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY, MACULAR DEGENERATION AND A PLURALITY OF NEURODEGENERATIVE DISSORDERS, AND OCULAR DISEASES

The present invention is an apparatus and method to produce an image of an eye of a patient that includes an optical head that includes imaging optics, illumination source optics and a camera housing with a perimeter that houses the video camera optics and the illumination source optics, a slit lamp chinrest and joystick assembly that includes an adjustable head support, a movable base, a joystick that adjusts a position of the camera housing relative to the head support and the housing support that mounts the video camera, a rubber eyecup that provides an interface between the camera housing and the patient's eye that protrudes outward from the perimeter and a computer system that analyzes images and data for the presence of amyloid in a retina, and other deposits and provides a diagnosis of macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, multiple concussive injury, neurodegenerative and other ocular disorders.
Heterogeneous integration: Optical receivers

Datacenters are demanding dramatic increases in the volume and density of optical interconnections, requiring multiple high performance lasers, modulators, and photodiodes in a single module to meet growing bandwidth needs along with dramatically lower power and cost. The heterogeneous integration of InP material into a silicon photonics wafer flow enables high performance integrated circuits to be fabricated using established silicon foundry infrastructure. Aurrion has established a library of photonic circuit elements which can be combined to form the single chip solutions for products like 100Gb/s transceivers needed for current and next generation datacenter applications. Here we will focus on the receiver portion of an integrated transceiver.
Realizzazione in Granbud Sp. z o.o. Sp. k. di tecnologia innovativa per la produzione di strutture per mobili e telai e componenti per l'assemblaggio di strutture e telai per mobili

L'obiettivo principale dell'investimento è quello di rafforzare il potenziale produttivo e la competitività di Granbud Sp. z o.o. Sp. K. attraverso l'implementazione della propria, nuova tecnologia non ancora utilizzata nel mondo per la produzione di migliori strutture di mobili e scaffali ed elementi per il loro assemblaggio, compreso il metodo di combinazione di pannelli in legno e legno. La tecnologia di produzione innovativa è sviluppata dal richiedente, utilizzando la soluzione di processo presentata dalla Società come invenzione presso l'Ufficio Brevetti della Repubblica di Polonia. Questo progetto assume un investimento in immobilizzazioni tangibili che consentono l'implementazione della tecnologia e l'introduzione all'offerta aziendale di prodotti notevolmente migliorati — strutture di mobili e scaffali, nonché componenti per l'assemblaggio di strutture di mobili e scaffali. Il progetto sarà attuato nel periodo dal 01.05.2021 al 31.03.2022. Grazie all'implementazione di una soluzione tecnologica auto-sviluppata, Granbud prevede un ulteriore aumento delle vendite di prodotti sul mercato interno ed estero del settore e rafforza la sua posizione competitiva.
Detection of Human Papilloma Virus (Type 16) among HIV-Positive Women in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus which infects the cutaneous and mucosal epithelium. HPV Type 16 is one of the viruses that causes cervical cancer and immunocompromised individuals are at high risk of different co-infections. Women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have greater risk to the virus due to their impaired immunity. This study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of HPV IgM (Type 16) among HIV-infected women in Ogbomoso.The blood sample of 180 consenting subjects were obtained and their sera subjected to serological assay using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Samples were collected over a period of 6 months (July-December 2014).The mean age and mean CD4+ count of the subjects was 38.22 ± 0.79 years and 392.80 ± 20.98 cells/μL, respectively. Out of 180 subjects tested, 18 (10%; 95% confidence interval) were positive for HPV Type 16 IgM. HPV Type 16 IgM was highest among the age group 31-45 (61.11%), traders (38.89%), >500 CD4/μL (33.33%). The seroprevalence using logistic regression at P < 0.05 shows there is a significant difference between the age and CD4 (+) cell count.The result provides evidence that HPV Type 16 is present among HIV-infected women in Ogbomoso and they are susceptible to cervical cancer. This seroepidemiological survey is important for the prevention efforts such as availability of vaccine.
FDDNP binding using MR derived cortical surface maps

To assess quantitatively the cortical pattern profile of regional FDDNP binding to beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles on MR derived cortical maps, FDDNP PET images were corrected for movement and partial volume (PV), and optimized for kernel size.FDDNP DVR PET images from 23 subjects (7 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 6 with mild cognitive impairment and 10 controls) were obtained from Logan analysis using cerebellum as reference. A hemispheric cortical surface model for each subject was extracted from the MRI. The same transformations were applied to the FDDNP DVR PET images to map them into the same space. The cortical map with PV correction was calculated as the ratio of the DVR cortical surface and that of the simulated map, created from the mask derived from MRI and smoothed to the PET resolution. Discriminant analysis was used to order the FDDNP DVR cortical surfaces based on subjects' disease state. Linear regression was used to assess the rate of change of DVR vs. MMSE for each hemispheric cortical surface point.The FDDNP DVR cortical surface corrected for movement and PV had less hemispheric asymmetry. Optimal kernel size was determined to be 9 mm. The corrected cortical surface map of FDDNP DVR showed clear spatial pattern that was consistent with the known pathological progression of AD.Correcting for movement, PV as well as optimizing kernel size provide sensitive statistical analysis of FDDNP distribution which confirms in the living brain known pathology patterns earlier observed with cognitive decline with brain specimens.
A Comparative Investigation on Implementation of RESTful versus SOAP based Web Services

Investigations on web service performance metric based on RESTful architecture against conventional SOAP based architecture has importance in perspective of developers as well as for end users. As such we have developed and hosted two web services, one based on SOAP and the other based on RESTful architecture. Both the services are based on JAVA technology implemented with apache tomcat web server and MySQL as backend database server. A comparative evaluation of both the web services is carried out to study its scalability, efficiency and feasibility. Load and stress testing tool Mercury Load Runner is used to deploy both the services for testing the architecture. The statistical analysis on recorded performance metrics is carried out to study the effectiveness of the services. This paper presents in details the comparative analysis of the experimental results on performance aspects of the services.
Metamorphic Malware Detection using Heuristic Signature

Present day malicious programs are comes with dynamic packing capability which helps them to evade detection from traditional anti-malware scanner who works on OpCode pattern matching technique. The metamorphic engine resides in malware, changes the structure of malware, which changes OpCode hence the previous signature will not work for the new variant. Here we are using a bioinformatics technique of signature alignment, to generate a heuristic signature, based on the previous database of malware. We made a signature set of malicious (single MSA signature) and benign file (group signature) and computed a threshold to detect malwares. Proposed method calculates to predict the signatures, of the metamorphic malware variants. This method showed a good result with high true positive and low false positive ratio.
La surveillance électronique au Brésil : entre la zone de contrôle, les murs de prison et les territoires de conflit

Cet article étudie l’introduction du placement sous surveillance électronique (SE) au Brésil et son impact sur la vie des personnes qui y sont soumises. Dans une perspective foucaldienne, l’étude s’appuie sur des enquêtes ethnographiques menées entre 2015 et 2017. L’article analyse, dans un premier temps, les aspects spatiaux de la SE et ses liens avec l’enfermement carcéral dans le pays qui possède la troisième plus grande population incarcérée au niveau mondial. Dans un deuxième temps, le texte examine certains effets inattendus de la SE liés au marquage du corps du criminel par l’appareil de localisation, dans des contextes urbains qui font l’objet de conflits entre milices, groupes criminels et agents de la sécurité publique.
HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATIONS AND THE DEMAND FOR LOCAL LAND USE REGULATION

Residents pay into Homeowners Associations (HOAs) to exert greater control over ser- vice provision, their properties and those of their neighbors. HOAs enforce restrictions governing land use within their boundaries, but theory is ambiguous about their impact on public land use. By com- bining two novel data sets on Florida HOAs and municipal regulations, we examine how HOAs affect public land use regimes for 232 cities. We find that the prevalence of HOAs is positively associated with a propensity for regulation, as are newer and bigger HOAs. Also, HOAs are positively associated with land use techniques that direct development through incentives, rather than mandates.
Post-Transcriptional regulation of influenza a virus rna

This research proposal aims to significantly alter our understanding of the critical role post-transcriptional processes play in the influenza A virus (IAV) life cycle. Post-transcriptional regulation of cellular mRNAs has seen a lot of research interest in recent years, including projects looking at the effects of RNA modifications and ribosome specialisation. However, much less attention has been paid to the effects these processes have on the viral life cycle. This project focuses on the post-transcriptional regulation of both IAV mRNAs and negative strand vRNAs. However, outcomes of this work will have a profound effect on our perceptions of the regulatory processes affecting a wide range of viral RNAs. In fact, by better understanding the roles of these processes on viral RNAs, such as IAV, we can also uncover novel functions on cellular mRNAs.
This project comprises 5 work packages with 11 intermediate goals. We will first identify the locations of various modifications present on IAV RNAs across multiple strains in both human and avian infected cells, significantly expanding on our current understanding, while exploring the potential for species-specific adaptions. Through mutagenesis and RNA capture techniques, we will evaluate how these modifications affect RNA characteristics and what effector proteins are involved in these processes. We will also use this information to determine the composition of ribosomes actively translating IAV mRNAs and evaluate whether specialised ribosomes are involved in the normal IAV life cycle. Finally, we will focus on the roles of RNA modifications on vRNAs, which should be quite distinct from mRNAs, and the host proteins that specifically bind, or are blocked from binding, sites of modification. This is an ambitious, multifaceted project that will have a direct impact on our understanding of IAV biology, and also provide novel insights of value to multiple disciplines including virology, RNA biology and protein translation.
A method to correct the flow distortion of offshore wind data using CFD simulation and experimental wind tunnel tests

Abstract The assessment of wind energy resource for the development of deep offshore wind plants requires the use of every possible source of data and, in many cases, includes data gathered at meteorological stations installed at islands, islets or even oil platforms—all structures that interfere with, and change, the flow characteristics. This work aims to contribute to the evaluation of such changes in the flow by developing a correction methodology and applying it to the case of Berlenga island, Portugal. The study is performed using computational fluid dynamic simulations (CFD) validated by wind tunnel tests. In order to simulate the incoming offshore flow with CFD models a wind profile, unknown a priori , was established using observations from two coastal wind stations and a power law wind profile was fitted to the existing data ( α =0.165). The results show that the resulting horizontal wind speed at 80 m above sea level is 16% lower than the wind speed at 80 m above the island for the dominant wind direction sector.
Genetic Modifiers in β-Thalassemia Intermedia: A Study on 102 Iraqi Arab Patients

To determine the molecular basis of β-thalassemia intermedia (TI) and the contribution of the three hemoglobin F (HbF) quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 11, 2, and 6 to the milder phenotype, a total of 102 Iraqi Arab patients with TI were studied. The β and α genotypes as well as HBG2 g. 158 C>T (rs7482144), BCL11A (rs1427407 and rs10189857), and HBS1L-MYB (rs28384513 and rs9399137) by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization were studied. A total of 21 different β-thalassemia mutations arranged in 35 different genotypes were identified. The genotypes encompassed β(+)/β(+) mutations in 33 cases, β(+)/β(0) in 17 cases, β(0)/β(0) in 47 cases, β(0)/wild type in 3 and β(0)/Hb E in 2 cases. The most common was IVS-II-1 (G>A)/IVS-II-1 (G>A), followed by IVS-I-6 (T>C)/IVS-I-6 (T>C) and IVS-I-110 (G>A)/IVS-I-110 (G>A), in 31.4%, 17.6%, and 6.9%, respectively. Alpha-thalassemia mutations were found in 15.2% of those homozygous for the β-mutations, while α gene triplication was identified in all three heterozygotes. Of the five QTLs tested, only rs7482144 and rs10189857 were significantly associated with β(0)/β(0) when compared to β(+)/β(+), with odds ratios of 6.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9-14.0) and 3.2 (95% CI 1.2-8.6), respectively. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that among Iraqi patients with thal intermedia, the main contributors to the milder phenotype were β(+) alleles, XmnI polymorphism, and BCL11A (rs10189857), while other QTLs on chromosomes 2 and 6, as well as alpha-thalassemia, were not significantly relevant.
Solvent-Free Synthesis and Assessment of Substituent Effects from IR &amp; NMR Spectra of some Substituted Benzylidene-5-Ethyl-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-Amines

A series containing ten titled compounds were synthesized by SiO2:H3PO4 catalyzed solvent-free condensation of substituted benzaldehydes and 2-amino-5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole under microwave irradiation. The yields of prepared amines are more than 90%. The synthesized amines were characterized by their physical constants and spectroscopic data reported in literature earlier for known compounds. The assigned spectral group frequencies such as infrared νC=N, C-S-C, N-N (cm -1 ) and NMR chemical shifts (δ, ppm) of CH, C=N have been correlated with Hammett substituent constants, F and R parameters using single and multi-linear regression analysis. From the results of statistical analyses, the effects of substituent on the above spectral data have been discussed.
Stress manipulated coating for figure reshape of light weight X-ray telescope mirrors

We present our idea to correct the surface profile of X-ray telescope mirrors by employing a spatially distributed variable stress coating. Future X-ray telescope missions require light weight optics with an angular resolution ≤. 1 . However, the typical desired thickness of a light weight mirror shell is ≤ 0.4mm, and to date such thin shelled mirrors that have been fabricated cannot meet the required figure accuracy. Therefore most the common approach is to modify the figure of the initially produced mirror shell. In this paper, we describe one such approach. Our approach uses a DC magnetron sputtering process with a variable electrical bias. The end result is a locally variable stress which has the potential to improve the figure of the initially fabricated thin . In this work we report out first results. These include: reproducibility, important technical details of the coating process, and the results of stability tests on several samples monitored. Further, as a proof of concept, we applied a coating with a modulated bias to demonstrate the feasibility to manipulate the surface profile.
Thinking About Magic in Medieval and Early Modern Europe

In April 2010, a group of scholars convened at the University of Auckland to discuss 'Miracles, Medicine, and Magic in Medieval and Early Modern Europe'. Among the speakers, many focused on magic. As they engaged with and challenged existing scholarship, one theme recurred with special frequency: the systems of thought that made the different notions of magic thinkable. This Special Issue of Parergon is the result of those exchanges, bringing together articles that explore how magic was imagined in England, France, the Netherlands, and Scotland between the late fourteenth and late seventeenth centuries. This Introduction, with its brief survey of recent scholarship, is intended to offer context, scholarly and historical, for the articles, each of which seeks in some way to reconstruct the overlapping mental structures within which magic seemed plausible to contemporary observers.