SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
String Submodular Functions With Curvature Constraints

The problem of objectively choosing a string of actions to optimize an objective function that is string submodular has been considered in [1]. There it is shown that the greedy strategy, consisting of a string of actions that only locally maximizes the step-wise gain in the objective function achieves at least a (1-e^{-1})-approximation to the optimal strategy. This paper improves this approximation by introducing additional constraints on curvatures, namely, total backward curvature, total forward curvature, and elemental forward curvature. We show that if the objective function has total backward curvature \sigma, then the greedy strategy achieves at least a \frac{1}{\sigma}(1-e^{-\sigma})-approximation of the optimal strategy. If the objective function has total forward curvature \epsilon, then the greedy strategy achieves at least a (1-\epsilon)-approximation of the optimal strategy. Moreover, we consider a generalization of the diminishing-return property by defining the elemental forward curvature. We also consider the problem of maximizing the objective function subject to general a string-matroid constraint. We investigate an applications of string submodular functions with curvature constraints.
Evaluation of Sustainable Use of Land Resource in Upper Reaches of Minjiang River Based on Ecological Footprint

The sustainable land use in upper reaches of Minjiang river was evaluated using ecological footprint theory and related models to provide scientific basis for ecological agriculture development and formulation of sustainable development policy.The results showed that the per capita ecological footprint,per capita available ecological carrying capacity and ecological surplus in upper reaches of Minjiang river in 2007 were 1.9553hm2,3.3324hm2 and 1.3771hm2,respectively,which showed that the study area was in sustainable development stage.But there were great differences between the various land use types in per capita ecological footprint,arable land was in unsustainable use stage and ecological deficit was found,the others were in the sustainable use stage.
Un retour malheureux : l’Italien Giambattista Rotondo, une « machine ouvrière » dans l’Europe en révolution

L'analyse de la biographie de l'Italien Giambattista Rotondo, un professeur de langues ayant participé à plusieurs révolutions dans toute l'Europe avant de rentrer à Milan en 1797, permet de réfléchir aux conséquences de la présence des étrangers révolutionnaires tant dans les pays d'accueil que dans leur patrie. Ce cas incite à aborder la question du retour, afin d'enquêter non seulement sur l'action concrète de ces hommes dans d'autres contextes nationaux, mais aussi sur le rôle qu'ils jouent, grâce aux expériences vécues ailleurs, dans leurs pays d'origine. Le parcours de Rotondo s'avère exemplaire à cet égard : si, dans un premier moment, sa participation aux événements du début de la Révolution française lui permet d'obtenir des charges dans la République cisalpine, par la suite, la radicalité dont il fait preuve lors de son séjour en France se reproduit en Italie, provoquant l'interruption brutale de sa carrière.
Design of an Autonomous Hover Control System for a Small Quadrotor

This paper discusses the development of the control system of a mini quadrotor in Konkuk University for indoor applications. The attitude control system consists of a stability augmentation system, which acts as the inner loop control, and a modern control approach based on modeling will be implemented as the outer loop. The inner loop control was experimentally satisfied by a proportional-derivative controller; this was used to support the flight test in order to validate the modeling. This paper introduces the mathematical model for the simulation and design of the optimal control on the outer loop control. To perform the experimental tests, basic electronic hardware was developed using simple configurations; a microcontroller used as the embedded controller, a low-cost 100 Hz inertial sensors used for the inertial sensing, infra-red sensors were employed for horizontal ranging, an ultrasonic sensor was used for ground ranging and a high performance propeller system built on an quadrotor airframe was also employed. The results acquired from this compilation of hardware produced an automatic hovering ability of the system with ground control system support for the monitoring and fail-safe system.
PMetro: Measurement of urban aerosols on a mobile platform

Abstract PMetro is an innovative time/space resolved urban aerosol monitoring and data management system. The core of the monitoring system is a customized optical particle counter (OPC) integrated on a cabin of the metro urban transport system in Perugia (Central Italy). This peculiar arrangement and setup allow regular, real-time measurement of aerosol particles on a well defined path through the city all over the day. The performances of the prototype OPC system have been customized and finally inter-compared with those of similar commercial devices placed at fixed points along the metro line. Data from the mobile system are integrated with environmental measurements from fixed monitoring stations along the metro path in order to attain models of the evolution of urban aerosol pollutants.
The Effects of Various Modes of School Formality Culture and Student Learning Style with Secondary School Students Academic’s Achievements

The main purpose of this research is to identify the effects of various modes of formal school culture and student’s learning styles with academic achievement.  The sample consists of 234 students from five secondary schools in Pontian, Johor.  The sampling has been done using the cluster on cluster random sampling method.  The pilot study was done in order to determine the reliability and suitability of the questionnaires.  Meanwhile Cronbach Alpha was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaires.  The reliability value of Cronbach Alpha for the whole set of questionnaires used was 0.953.  The questionnaire for formal school culture was adapted and modified from climate or culture in formal school form constructed by Curriculum Development Centre (1988).  The questionnaire for student’s learning styles was adapted and modified from  Barbe Modality Index questionnaire that was created by Barbe (1985).  Descriptive statistics sush as frequency, mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the dominant aspects of formal school culture and student’s learning styles and to analyse student’s academic achievement.  The inferential statistics such as Pearson correlations were used at significant level 0.05 to analyze the relationship between formal school culture and student’s learning styles with academic achievement.  In addition, t-test was used to analyze the difference between formal school culture and student’s learning styles toward school location.  The findings shows that the dominant aspect of formal school culture was social and the dominant aspect of students’ learning style was visual. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was significant relationship between formal school cultures with academic achievement.  Moreover, there was significant relationship between student’s learning style with academic achievement.  Therefore, suggestions were made in this study.  The study suggested that teacher and student should identify formal school culture and student’s learning styles, so that, student can increase their academic performance.      (Keywords: formal school culture,  student’s learning styles, academic achievement)
No Association between Egg Intake and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Meta-analysis

Egg consumption has been suggested to increase the risk of colorectal and some other cancers. The present study summarized and quantified the current evidence relating dietary intake of eggs and prostate cancer.Literature searches were conducted to identify peer-reviewed manuscripts published up to July 2012. Twenty manuscripts from nine cohort studies and 11 case-control studies were identified. Summary risk estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for case-control and cohort studies separately.Neither the case-control not the cohort studies showed any association of prostate cancer incidence with egg consumption (case-control studies: odds ratio 1.09, 95% CI 0.86-1.31; cohort studies: relative risk 0.97, 95% CI 0.97-1.07). The results were consistent in subgroup analysis. Furthermore, no association was observed between egg consumption and prostate cancer-specific mortality.Our analyses provided no evidence of a significant influence of egg consumption on prostate cancer incidence and mortality. However, more studies, particularly large prospective studies, are needed.
The Evaluating Index System of the Implementation Effects of Natural Forest Protection Project Based on the View of Policies

From 1998 to 2010,the first phase of natural forest protection project in China has been completed.The Chinese government decided to continue the second phase of natural forest protection project.This article tries to base on the main content of Chinese existing forest policy,try to through the three aspects of forestry policy: the forest policy,timber harvesting and transport policy,wood processing and utilization policy,to build on the index of evaluating for the implementation effects of natural forest protection project influence on Chinese existing?forestry policy,determine the degree of the implementation effects of natural forest protection project influence on Chinese existing?forestry policy,in order to provide the theoretical support and suggestions for the second phase of natural forest protection project.
Global motion perception is independent from contrast sensitivity for coherent motion direction discrimination and visual acuity in 4.5-year-old children

Global motion processing depends on a network of brain regions that includes extrastriate area V5 in the dorsal visual stream. For this reason, psychophysical measures of global motion perception have been used to provide a behavioral measure of dorsal stream function. This approach assumes that global motion is relatively independent of visual functions that arise earlier in the visual processing hierarchy such as contrast sensitivity and visual acuity. We tested this assumption by assessing the relationships between global motion perception, contrast sensitivity for coherent motion direction discrimination (henceforth referred to as contrast sensitivity) and habitual visual acuity in a large group of 4.5-year-old children (n=117). The children were born at risk of abnormal neurodevelopment because of prenatal drug exposure or risk factors for neonatal hypoglycemia. Motion coherence thresholds, a measure of global motion perception, were assessed using random dot kinematograms. The contrast of the stimuli was fixed at 100% and coherence was varied. Contrast sensitivity was measured using the same stimuli by fixing motion coherence at 100% and varying dot contrast. Stereoacuity was also measured. Motion coherence thresholds were not correlated with contrast sensitivity or visual acuity. However, lower (better) motion coherence thresholds were correlated with finer stereoacuity (ρ=0.38, p=0.004). Contrast sensitivity and visual acuity were also correlated (ρ=-0.26, p=0.004) with each other. These results indicate that global motion perception for high contrast stimuli is independent of contrast sensitivity and visual acuity and can be used to assess motion integration mechanisms in children.
Is the interdecadal variation of the summer rainfall over eastern China associated with SST?

The present study examined the major features of the interdecadal variation of the summer rainfall over eastern China (IVRC) and the possible association with sea surface temperature (SST). We noted that the first leading mode of IVRC (accounting for nearly half of the total variance and with maximum loading for the summer rainfall anomalies over South China) may be not forced by SST. On the other hand, the second and third leading modes [accounting for 17.1 and 13.6 % of the total variance and mainly associated with the summer rainfall anomalies over the Yangtze River valley (YRV) and North China, respectively] in some extent are forced by SST anomalies. These observational results are confirmed by atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations forced by observed SST. By eliminating the internal dynamical process driven rainfall though ensemble mean, the simulations further suggest an overall enhancement of the intensity of IVRC in the corresponding ensemble mean, especially in the YRV and North China regions, but not in South China. That implies the different role of SST in driving IVRC over different regions.
2022 American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) and International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO) Indications for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

MAJOR UPDATES TO 1991 NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH GUIDELINES FOR BARIATRIC SURGERY: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is recommended for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2, regardless of presence, absence, or severity of co-morbidities.MBS should be considered for individuals with metabolic disease and BMI of 30-34.9 kg/m2.BMI thresholds should be adjusted in the Asian population such that a BMI >25 kg/m2 suggests clinical obesity, and individuals with BMI >27.5 kg/m2 should be offered MBS.Long-term results of MBS consistently demonstrate safety and efficacy.Appropriately selected children and adolescents should be considered for MBS.(Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soard.2022.08.013 ) © 2022 American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. All rights reserved.
Valuable products from algae using new magnetic cultivation and extraction techniques

VALUEMAG project aims to provide groundbreaking solutions for microalgae production and harvesting as well as scaling up biomass transformation systems in order to provide new technologies for aquatic/marine biomass integrated bio-refineries. Production-cultivation and harvesting objectives are achieved by using magnetic nanotechnologies: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPAN) are introduced into microalgae protoplasm in order to confer them magnetic properties. Magnetic microalgae (MAGMA) are immobilized onto a soft magnetic conical surface (SOMAC) and covered with a thin layer of continuously circulating water. A greenhouse hosts SOMAC system to exposure MAGMA to sunlight, minimize contamination and temperature-humidity uncertainties. Quantity of water is minimized and harvesting will be fast and inexpensive. These innovations permit optimum cultivation, enhance biomass productivity and dramatically lower costs of biomass production. Biomass is directly utilized by VALUEMAG multi-facilities bio-refinery for the production molecules for pharmaceutical, nutraceuticals, food additives and cosmetics. Using selected microalgae strains, natural products will be extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction, while a new selective magnetic separation method for precise selection of value-added products will be also developed. To reduce the amount of greenhouse gases realized in the environment and further lower costs of biomass, CO2 produced by transformation processes as well as water are recycled and used to enhance microalgae growth rate. All together VALUEMAG achievements will perfectly meet the demand of capturing the potential of aquatic biomass. The project outputs will bring to the market a broad variety of value-added products in sustainable way. Finally, competitiveness of the European industry will be improved since there are not pilot installations or state-of-the-art bio-refineries utilizing magnetic nanotechnology to cultivate microalgae.
Integrative ecological indicators of global change based on biocrust tissue traits

In order to monitor trends in global changes and predict their impacts on ecosystems, scientists and policy makers are in a constant search for integrative, cost-effective indicators of ecological change. Functional traits have emerged as practical tools to track environmental changes (response traits) and assess their effects on ecosystem processes (effect traits). Despite the impressive advances in functional diversity research, traits of organisms other than plants; such as soil lichens and mosses (biocrusts), are still largely unexplored. Nevertheless, biocrust traits such as stable isotope ratios, nutrient content and pH are easy to measure, highly sensitive to environmental conditions and integrative; as a set of indicators, they can reflect changes in climate and nutrient sources and availability. Also, due to their response-effect nature, biocrust tissue traits have an anticipatory character; shifts in their values will, in turn, affect other ecosystem processes (e.g., decomposition rates) and components (e.g., plant and microbial communities). To date, biocrusts stable isotope ratios, nutrient content and pH have been reported for a limited set of species in a systematic way and experimental studies are still scarce in the literature. INDECRUST aims to assess the suitability of biocrust tissue traits as integrative indicators of global change and its impact on ecosystem properties and functioning. I will investigate, in a range of biocrust species widely distributed in Europe, how isotopic ratios, nutrient content and pH respond to changes in soil, climate and atmospheric pollution, and how tissue traits affect biocrust decomposition rates, biocrust-plant interaction, microbial abundance and soil functioning. This project involves manipulative experiments, cutting-edge laboratory analyses and advanced statistical analyses. The outputs of INDECRUST will improve and complement the existing tools for environmental monitoring and policy making in Europe.
Telemetry and telecontrol for the internet of things (iot)

Machine-to-machine (M2M) is a broad label that can be used to describe any technology that enables networked devices to exchange information and perform actions without the manual assistance of humans. M2M communication is often used for remote monitoring. In product restocking, for example, a vending machine can message the distributor when a particular item is running low. M2M communication is an important aspect of warehouse management, remote control, robotics, traffic control, logistic services, supply chain management, fleet management and telemedicine. It forms the basis for a concept known as the Internet of Things (IoT).

The market for M2M will be the fastest growing segment of the IT industry from now until 2017. The M2M market, including technologies related to the Internet of Things, will grow from $44.0 billion in 2011 to $290 billion in 2017.

M2M Cloud Factory is a private white label supplier to major manufacturers and system integrators of a M2M / IoT application development framework based on a cloud solution called MIIMETIQ®. MIIMETIQ® is the most flexible, powerful and scalable M2M development framework in the IoT market. MIIMETIQ® provides the highest levels of scalability and security as well as a set of powerful tools on which our customers can quickly build and deliver custom M2M / IoT applications for the most demanding requirements and integrate data into customer key enterprise applications and systems.

We have identified two disruptive improvements for our current framework, to both simplify and accelerate the development of M2M and IoT applications which will secure the continuous growth of the company not only on the EU level, but globally.
Clinical features of coronary artery ectasia in the elderly.

To investigate the incidence, imaging and clinical characteristics in elderly patients with coronary artery ectasia (CAE).A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with CAE who underwent coronary angiography between January 2006 and December 2012. According to age, the enrolled patients were divided into two groups (elderly group, age ≥ 65 years; non-elderly group, age < 65 years). The clinical feature, imaging characteristics and the 5-year survival rate of the two groups were compared.The prevalence of CAE in elderly patients was 0.33%. Patients in elderly group were found to have significantly higher proportion of female (30.1% vs. 10.1%, P < 0.001), three-vessel disease (60.5% vs. 45.2%, P = 0.003) and localized ectasia (55.0% vs. 40.2%, P = 0.003). In addition, body mass index (20.90 ± 2.71 kg/m(2) vs. 22.31 ± 2.98 kg/m(2), P < 0.001) and percentage of current smokers (45.0% vs. 64.6%, P < 0.001) were significantly lower in elderly group. Cumulative survival curves demonstrated reduced 5-year cumulative survival at the follow-up in the elderly group compared with the non-elderly group (88.0% vs. 96.0%, P = 0.002). But the 5-year event free survival rate failed to show a significant difference between the two groups (31.0% vs. 35.0%, P = 0.311).The prevalence of CAE in elderly patients was 0.33%, which was about 1/3 of the entire numbers of CAE patients. There were significant differences between the elderly and the non-elderly patients with CAE in terms of coronary artery disease risk factors and coronary artery ectatic characteristics. CAE might be associated with increased mortality risk in the elderly.
USE OF ALPHA-CYCLODEXTRIN IN THE PRODUCTION OF FOOD

The invention relates to the use of α-cyclodextrin as an emulsifier and thickening agent in the production of spreadable and firm food, wherein the food, with respect to the weight thereof, contains 10 - 45 wt.% oil and/or fat, water, 4 - 7 wt.-% α-cyclodextrin and protein and oil and/or fat on the one hand, and on the other hand, water is in a weight ratio of 1:10 - 10:1.
Analysis of the experimental results of the initiation of detonation in short tubes with kerosene–oxidizer mixtures

Abstract The paper describes the experimental investigation of detonation initiation in a mixture of kerosene–oxidant in a short test tube. Various mixtures of oxygen and nitrogen were used as an oxidant, from pure oxygen to the composition of air. The goal of the study was to determine the minimum diameter of the tube and the minimum level of energy needed for the direct initiation of detonation. As a result of the measurements the pressure courses were obtained for two kinds of cases: with and without (only shock waves) of fuel injection. The results of both kinds of measurements were compared, providing information about the initiation of detonation in a fuel–oxidizer mixture. Brief analyses of the results for different initiators and different oxidizers were performed and compared with the shock wave and Chapman–Jouget velocity.