SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Ground Pressure Damage Evolution Mechanism of Extraction Level Excavations Induced by Poor Undercutting in Block Caving Method

Under the condition of bad undercutting, ore pillars are easily left in undercut level in block caving method. In order to reveal the evolution mechanism of ground pressure damage induced by bad undercutting, according to the actual engineering and physical parameters of the mine, a numerical simulation model was established by finite difference software FLAC3D. In the simulation process, the extraction level excavations were excavated first according to the post-undercutting method, and the process of the undercutting were divided into three steps. In the first step, a pillar of 15 m × 5 m was formed. The stress state of extraction level excavations and overlying ore body after each step was monitored and analyzed separately, and it was compared with the actual situation of ground pressure disaster on site. The results show that: Under the influence of high horizontal in situ stress, with the development of undercutting, the special stress state in the extraction level excavations are gradually formed, which is that the compressive stress concentrates on the upper part and the tensile stress concentrates on the lower part. With the development of undercutting, the remaining ore pillar form a certain range of tension stress release area above the undercut level, which makes it difficult for overlying ore and rock to cave in, thus causing the phenomenon of “less ore and no ore” in the draw bells.
Procedimientos administrativos-financieros y niveles de eficiencia del área financiera y negocios de la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito " 9 de Octubre LTDA. ", Del cantón Salcedo correspondiente al período 2012. Propuesta manejo de un cuadro de mando integral ( BALANCED SCORECARD).

The research was conducted in order to assess the level of compliance with the
strategic planning of the “Cooperativa de Ahorro y Credito 9 de Octubre Ltda.”, ,
through the balanced scorecard management to the financial and business area
which was considered strategic issues , objectives, indicators , targets and
initiatives that were established in strategic planning and this will help to ensure
proper management for making decisions, being very important for institutional
benefit , since you can verify compliance with the objectives of the entity, the
relationship with their environment, and their operations . The research was
applied was as a bibliographic type to base the variables in the same field as was
done in the place where events developed and allow for solving the problems in
operational and administrative management of the institution. The information
was obtained through the use of instruments such as inquest, the same as those
applied to financial and business area of the company. The Balanced Scorecard
was performed to obtain a diagnosis and find the weaknesses and based on them
improve on administrative and financial management focusing on achievement of
objectives through the implementation of indicators in each of the financial and
customer perspectives so to assess the fulfillment of the goals that destine to
conclude the degree of efficiency in each of them with proper optimization of
existing resources.
The influence of TQM practices on supply chain collaboration: a proposed model for the service industry

This study proposes a research framework of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices towards the supply chain collaboration level. The proposed model is based on the extensive literature review; this study develops a model of TQM practices that influence the supply chain collaboration level. The findings from this study would provide a basis for developing an advanced model of TQM towards the supply chain collaboration level. The organisations that would like to implement supply chain collaboration will be able to make managerial decision based on the TQM practices from this research. This study also makes a significant contribution by developing a model of TQM and supply chain collaboration in service industry. Furthermore, the organisations could use this framework to conduct a pre-test baseline measurement and periodically assess the effect of TQM practices.
WALL COOLING DEVICE

The invention relates to a device for cooling a wall (10) having a first surface exposed to a heating source, and a second surface along which flows an external fluid at a temperature lower than T in order to maintain said wall at a temperature substantially equal to the temperature T. The device comprises at least one cooling part (12) including an attachment portion (14) and a cooling portion (16), said part being made of a thermally-conductive shape-memory alloy having a transition temperature T. The attachment portion is rigidly attached to the second surface (10b) of said wall. The cooling portion is shaped so as to assume by itself a first position substantially parallel to said wall when the temperature of the wall is lower than T, and to assume by itself a second position in which the average plane of said second portion defines, together with the plane tangent to said wall, a dihedral of between 45 and 90 degrees.
Molecular kinetic theory of boundary slip on textured surfaces by molecular dynamics simulations

A theoretical model extended from the Frenkel-Eyring molecular kinetic theory (MKT) was applied to describe the boundary slip on textured surfaces. The concept of the equivalent depth of potential well was adopted to characterize the solid-liquid interactions on the textured surfaces. The slip behaviors on both chemically and topographically textured surfaces were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The extended MKT slip model is validated by our MD simulations under various situations, by constructing different complex surfaces and varying the surface wettability as well as the shear stress exerted on the liquid. This slip model can provide more comprehensive understanding of the liquid flow on atomic scale by considering the influence of the solid-liquid interactions and the applied shear stress on the nano-flow. Moreover, the slip velocity shear-rate dependence can be predicted using this slip model, since the nonlinear increase of the slip velocity under high shear stress can be approximated by a hyperbolic sine function.
Quantification of oxygen surface groups on carbon materials via diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy and temperature programmed desorption

Abstract The aim of this investigation is to quantify surface oxygen groups on an activated carbon by combining the results from temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and diffuse reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy (DRIFTS). A commercial activated carbon was oxidized with ozone to form surface oxygen groups. Afterwards the samples were heated in TPD experiments up to 500 °C. The evolved gases were detected and quantified via IR spectroscopy and DRIFT spectra were collected from the heat-treated samples. Simulation of the DRIFT spectra with a set of Gauss functions led to identification of four surface oxygen groups in the range of 1500–1950 cm −1 . Specific concentrations of the four groups can be calculated with the conversion factors obtained by combining TPD and DRIFTS information.
GRAPHICAL MANAGEMENT OF BUILDING DEVICES

A system for processing user input received at a graphical user interface to configure a building device includes a processor and a first memory unit communicably coupled to the processor. The memory includes computer code for processing data relating to a floor plan and computer code for generating a graphical user interface, the graphical user interface including a representation of the floor plan. The memory further includes computer code for positioning an indicator relative to the graphical representation of the floor plan based on the user input, the indicator representing the building device. The memory also includes computer code for configuring the building device based on the position of the indicator relative to the graphical representation of the floor plan.
Connection and resistance training system

A wearable connection and resistance training system having a waist strap, and left and right upper leg straps and an attachment point device which serves as a connection piece configured to be held underneath a user's torso and between the user's legs to provide rotational resistance to improve and strengthen rotational abilities of a user. An alignment attachment piece and foot straps can also be attached to provide downward force/tension.
Dipole sources of the main geomagnetic field

Abstract The parameters of 15 arbitrary dipoles that, in aggregate, represent the main geomagnetic field (MGF) are estimated to obtain information on the distribution of MGF sources within the Earth in the form of dipoles with an arbitrary position and value of the magnetic moment vector. For an adequate estimation of the results, the method of obtaining the data is described, including: the eccentric dipole model and the derivation of the basic formulas for the magnetic field components of an arbitrary dipole; the method of estimating the parameters of these dipoles, including the computational scheme and optimization method; necessary constraints on the dipoles parameters and a justification of the choice of the initial values in the optimization fitting of the parameters. The results are presented as a map of the location of the centers of the dipoles and their northern axial poles for the epochs 1955 and 2005 and plots of changes in all six parameters of 15 dipoles for 50 years. Most of the dipole centers are located in the lower mantle. The results suggest the existence of current systems in the lower mantle that produce dipole magnetic fields. These currents are provided by the high conductivity of wüstite, an important component of the mantle, which, at a depth of 1000–2200 km, transforms to the low-spin state of iron with increased density and electrical conductivity.
Epstein–Barr Virus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease—Correlation with Different Therapeutic Regimens

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with a higher prevalence of opportunistic infections. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous virus related to several malignancies, namely lymphoma; its prevalence in patients with IBD and its relation with different therapeutic regimens are not well studied.Patients followed in our IBD outpatient clinic were consecutively enrolled for participation in a prospective study, and healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. EBV DNA was measured at least 1 time in each patient.Three hundred and seventy-nine individuals were enrolled in the study (93 treated with 5-aminosalicylates, 91 with azathioprine, 70 with infliximab, 43 with combined treatment with infliximab and azathioprine, and 82 controls). More than 90% of the patients had previous EBV exposure. EBV DNA was found in 132 samples (35%); its prevalence was significantly higher in every group of patients with IBD, comparing to controls. Among patients with IBD, infliximab with or without azathioprine was related to higher prevalence of EBV comparing to azathioprine alone or 5-aminosalicylates (P < 0.05). Age above 60 years was related to EBV DNA positivity with a specificity of 92%. Concerning treated groups, ulcerative colitis was the only risk factor identified for high levels of EBV DNA (>1000 and 2500 copies per milliliter). No relationship was found between EBV and C-reactive protein.IBD is a risk factor for the presence of EBV DNA in blood, particularly in older patients and in those taking infliximab. C-reactive protein was not related to EBV DNA prevalence.
Molecular basis of human enhanceropathies

Mutations within coding genes have traditionally been considered the major genetic cause of human disease. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the genetic, structural and/or epigenetic disruption of enhancers and enhancer landscapes represent major etiological factors in numerous human diseases (i.e. enhanceropathies), ranging from rare congenital disorders to common diseases associated with ageing (e.g. cancer, diabetes). Although changes in enhancer activity are predicted to have broad pathological and therapeutic implications, we currently have a limited mechanistic understanding of human enhanceropathies. This reflects, at least partly, our still primitive and partial understanding of the mechanisms whereby enhancers can control gene expression. We hypothesize that enhancers are a diverse group of regulatory sequences that can utilize different mechanisms to control gene expression at the transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional level. Consequently, human enhanceropathies are likely to display an equally diverse molecular basis that, we believe, can only be uncovered using highly multidisciplinary systems biology approaches. Chiefly, elucidating the molecular basis of human enhanceropathies has far reaching translational implications, especially considering the pandemic proportions that some of these disorders are acquiring in recent years. Therefore, the major goal of the ENHPATHY network is to provide early-stage researchers with a multidisciplinary training in which cutting-edge genomic and genetic engineering approaches are  ombined with various in vitro and in vivo disease models. Moreover, together with our private partners we aim at translating our molecular findings into new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
The Concept of "Icon Streets" on the Basis of Lisbon Downtown

The main objective of the article is to enrich the current discussion on “place icons” through a case study of the Lisbon street “Rua da Madalena” and its architecture illustrating the integrated design and marketing concept adopted by the whole city. The paper presents the interdisciplinary approach using significant contribution from the fields of tourism, business, history and memory of the past. The article argues that modern cities need the “icon streets” that are basing on the social innovation policy, branding concepts, architectural theory and practice. Moreover, the paper presents how an integrated design strategy is practically applied in Lisbon downtown, and how it can contribute to the successful promotion of the city. Throughout this research, there is used the direct reference into both tangible and intangible cultural heritage, in terms of renewing the old city street on the basis of the unique brand strategy, the historical perspective that should characterized the street and up-to-date marketing concepts. The case study of Lisbon downtown provides the example of such the integrated strategy that can be easily adopted by other cities to improve their images and increase both economic and social potential by attracting tourists and media interest.
Hybrid carbon-free electrically driven fishing longliner with low power methanol combustion enginefor propulsion back-up and auxiliary equipment

Out of NAVIS high commitment with a greener shipbuilding industry and our many years’ experience in naval architecture and engineering design, we have developed a 100% renewable energy propelled vessel. With the objective of maximizing operational efficiency and green energy whilst improving the handling of the catch, we have taken the current hybrid ship concept to a step further and developed RENShip. Our innovative RENShip is a small fishing long liner vessel powered by a revolutionary hybrid system including a single small combustion engine powered by methanol and a set of lithium batteries, connected to onboard wind turbine and solar panels for supercharging.
European fishing fleets are major oil consumers and so, they are greatly responsible for global greenhouse gas emissions from the world’s fleets. Moreover, current ship engines are excessively powerful diesel engines of 50-60% efficiency, resulting in excess of fuel combustion and cost (specially as fossil fuels prices increase over 50%), as well as causing noise and vibration impacting fishing effectiveness and crew’s health. With benefits such as >30% reduction in fuel consumption and associated CO2 emissions and air pollutants (SOx, NOx), considerable reduction in underwater noise, access to fish product’s ecolabels and new tailored displacement hull form, RENship demonstrates its great business opportunity and potential to shift current shipping practices towards efficiency, lower costs and greener operation. 
Currently located at TRL6, we will integrate all components into a new design to build a pilot ship and validate RENShip in operational conditions, reaching TRL9. RENShip will be the first vessel totally operated by renewable energy and the smallest fishing vessel running with a hybrid propulsion system. There is currently one RENShip design we plan to take to the market with an average market price of €2M (10% profit margin), which will report €100K per boat to NAVIS.
3D intrastomal ultrasonography, an instrument for detecting stoma-related fistula

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the recently developed 3D intrastomal ultrasonography in diagnosing stoma-associated complaints and suspected complications after parastomal hernia repair such as peristomal fistula and abscesses.3D intrastomal ultrasonography was used to image peristomal tissue in two patients with complaints after parastomal hernia repair performed with IPOM (intraperitoneal onlay mesh). One patient had ulcerative colitis and one Crohn's disease. Both patients were investigated because of pain and in one case also signs of a subcutaneous abscess.Intrastomal ultrasonography revealed fistulas connected to the intestinal segment leading to the stoma in both cases. Both cases also showed signs of a fistula descending to the abdominal cavity. In one case, a subcutaneous abscess was identified and in the other a small abscess adjacent to the fistula and the edge of the fascia.Stoma complaints after surgery for parastomal hernia with implantation of IPOM mesh can be diagnosed using 3D intrastomal ultrasonography. This new 3D technique for imaging intrastomal hernia can be used to complement traditional methods in the detection of stoma-associated abscesses and fistulas with or without foreign material such as mesh.
Maghrebian Entrepreneurs in Quebec: An Exploratory Study and a Conceptual Framework

The Maghrebian community is becoming the most important and the fastest growing ethnic group in Quebec, Canada. Despite their obvious assets such as a high level of education and sound experience, its members still face the greatest difficulties finding a convenient job. No wonder Maghrebian immigrants are among the poorest of the province according to informal statistics by the community leaders. To overcome this disadvantage, many Maghrebian immigrants choose to start a business; other alternatives being going back home, moving to another Canadian province or even another country, and applying for the government social welfare program. The major aim of this exploratory paper is to identif the most important conditions under which Maghrebian entrepreneurs start their businesses in Quebec.
FORCE TRANSMISSION ASSEMBLY FOR A WINDOW, DOOR OR SIMILAR

The invention relates to a length-adjustable force transmission assembly for a window, door or similar, comprising a first element and a second element. Both of said elements comprise connecting means and can be coupled together in selectable longitudinal positions. According to the invention, the connecting means (12,22) can be coupled together with the aid of a coupling member (16), such that the first element (19) is embodied as connecting means (22) comprising a plug-in bore (23) and the second element (20) is embodied as connecting means (12) comprising a longitudinal hole-like plug-in opening (10) provided with toothing (24) and that a connecting pin is embodied as a coupling member (16) comprising counter toothing (37). The connecting pin (14) is plugged in the longitudinal position predetermined by the plug-in bore (23) in the plug-in bore (23) and can selectively determine the longitudinal position in the plug-in opening (10) by the interconnection of the toothing (24) and counter toothing (37).
Stable oxygen isotope of ostracods in recent sediments of Lake Gahai in the Qaidam Basin, northwest China: The implications for paleoclimatic reconstruction

The oxygen isotopic composition of ostracod shells in lakes has been used as a useful indicator in palaeolimnological research and has provided some important contributions to the understanding of lacustrine systems. Usually, the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracods from the lake sediments are interpreted as changes in effective precipitation, temperature and evaporation/input water ratio in a sub-arid or arid area. Here, we compare a 150-year-long oxygen-isotope record that was derived from ostracod carbonate from the sediments of Lake Gahai in the Qaidam Basin with meteorological data (precipitation) and tree-ring evidence for changing precipitation. Our results show that the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracod shells are related to precipitation over the past 150 years. In general, increased precipitation accompanied a shift to less positive delta O-18 values in the lake water, and thus in the ostracod shells, whereas decreased precipitation coincided with the opposite in Lake Gahai over the past 150 yr. Therefore, we conclude that the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracod shells can be used to indicate changes in precipitation over a short time scale in lake Gahai. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. The oxygen isotopic composition of ostracod shells in lakes has been used as a useful indicator in palaeolimnological research and has provided some important contributions to the understanding of lacustrine systems. Usually, the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracods from the lake sediments are interpreted as changes in effective precipitation, temperature and evaporation/input water ratio in a sub-arid or arid area. Here, we compare a 150-year-long oxygen-isotope record that was derived from ostracod carbonate from the sediments of Lake Gahai in the Qaidam Basin with meteorological data (precipitation) and tree-ring evidence for changing precipitation. Our results show that the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracod shells are related to precipitation over the past 150 years. In general, increased precipitation accompanied a shift to less positive delta O-18 values in the lake water, and thus in the ostracod shells, whereas decreased precipitation coincided with the opposite in Lake Gahai over the past 150 yr. Therefore, we conclude that the oxygen isotopic compositions of ostracod shells can be used to indicate changes in precipitation over a short time scale in lake Gahai. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hobbes's Challenge to Descartes, Bramhall and Boyle: A Corporeal God

This paper brings new work to bear on the perennial question about Hobbes's atheism to show that as a debate about scepticism it is falsely framed. Hobbes, like fellow members of the Mersenne circle, Descartes and Gassendi, was no sceptic, but rather concerned to rescue physics and metaphysics from radical scepticism by exploring corporealism. In his early letter of November 1640, Hobbes had issued a provocative challenge to Descartes to abandon metaphysical dualism and subscribe to a ‘corporeal God’; a provocation to which the Frenchman angrily responded, but was perhaps importantly influenced. Hobbes's minimal realism was consonant with atheism, to which Descartes felt he was being forced. Moreover, Hobbes was unrelenting in his battle against Cartesian dualism, for which he saw Robert Boyle's experimental science as a surrogate.