SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
American norwegian sound systems and language contact

This project examines language contact and language maintenance among American Norwegian-English bilinguals. By drawing on both quantitative and qualitative methods, I focus on bilingual vowel patterns and the extent to which Norwegian and English influence each others' phonological systems in ways that differ from both monolingual English and European Norwegian. The results from this action contributes to work on the nature of bilingual grammars and the extent to which language structures in one language remain intact under intense contact with another. Its broad aims are to advance our understanding of the human capacity for language. In this regard, American Norwegian is an optimal language example because nearly all of its speakers are elderly individuals who shifted to English as children. Their speech patterns offer crucial evidence for human language processes by demonstrating how an individual's linguistic faculty can and does change over the lifespan.
Electron spray ionization mass spectrometry and 2D 31P NMR for monitoring 18O/16O isotope exchange and turnover rates of metabolic oligophosphates

A new method was here developed for the determination of (18)O-labeling ratios in metabolic oligophosphates, such as ATP, at different phosphoryl moieties (α-, β-, and γ-ATP) using sensitive and rapid electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The ESI-MS-based method for monitoring of (18)O/(16)O exchange was validated with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 2D (31)P NMR correlation spectroscopy, the current standard methods in labeling studies. Significant correlation was found between isotopomer selective 2D (31)P NMR spectroscopy and isotopomer less selective ESI-MS method. Results demonstrate that ESI-MS provides a robust analytical platform for simultaneous determination of levels, (18)O-labeling kinetics and turnover rates of α-, β-, and γ-phosphoryls in ATP molecule. Such method is advantageous for large scale dynamic phosphometabolomic profiling of metabolic networks and acquiring information on the status of probed cellular energetic system.
Deciphering oncogenic signalling patterns to break cancer drug resistance

Despite significant progress in drug therapies for breast cancer, about one fourth of patients still do not survive the disease. Modern, targeted therapies have been proposed to cure the more advanced and aggressive cases of breast cancer. However, non-genetic and genetic mechanisms of drug resistance currently limit the promise of targeted therapy. 
NOSCAR aims to define the oncogenic Ras/Erk and PI3K/Akt signalling states relevant to breast cancer oncogenic mutations, and delineate the mechanisms which enable development of cancer resistance to targeted therapies.
NOSCAR’s objectives are: 
Using a quantitative cell biology framework that combines a multiplexed biosensor system that reports on Erk/Akt dynamics at single cell level, computer vision, and statistical modelling, I will:
(1) produce an atlas of single-cell Erk/Akt dynamic signalling patterns that are associated with a compendium of clinically-relevant breast cancer mutations;
(2) measure the signalling states in cells perturbed with clinically-relevant drugs that target different components of the Ras/Erk and PI3K/Akt pathways to evaluate how the oncogenic signalling network is rewired by drug treatment;
(3) measure signalling dynamics in 3D spheroid cultures and patient-derived organoids to explore how a self-organizing cellular ecosystem can spatially control signalling at the single cell level to locally control fate decisions, and how the latter process is compromised by an oncogenic mutation.
This will provide new insights about tumor heterogeneity and signaling network structures that confer robustness against drug perturbations. We expect to identify vulnerabilities that might be efficiently targeted by drug combinations, providing new avenues to treat breast cancer.
The planned research together with training and mentoring that I will receive thanks to the fellowship, will enable to successfully restart my career in research and will significantly benefit my further academic career prospects.
Has the Chinese economy passed the Lewis turning point?

There are a number of studies related to whether China's economy has passed through the Lewis turning point or not. However, definitive conclusions have yet to be obtained. Some studies argue that China's economy has not yet reached the Lewis turning point, while some studies claim that China's economy has crossed it already. In this study, we estimate the marginal productivity of labor in China's primary industry based on province level data and suggest a different proxy for the survival wage compared to previous studies. We discovered that China's economy has passed through the Lewis turning point around 2002–2004. A similar conclusion was also obtained by relating the substitutive relation of labor and capital inputs in China's agricultural production.
Community Vitality in Dynamic Temporal Networks

Current researches on temporal networks mainly tend to detect community structure. A number of community detection algorithms can obtain community structure on each time slice or each period of time but rarely present the evolution of community structure. Some papers discussed the process of community structure evolution but lacked quantifying the evolution. In this paper, we put forward the concept of Community Vitality (CV), which shows a community's life intensity on a time slice. In the process of computing CV, the “dead communities” can also be distinguished. Moreover, CV cannot only be used to quantify the life intensity of a community but also be used to describe the process of community evolution over time. More specifically, the change of community's structure will be found if CVs for different time slices of a community were compared, while the community with big value of CV can be selected if CVs for different communities were compared. Furthermore, community vitality change rate (CVCR) is proposed for revealing communities' structure change. The results of our experiments show that community vitality is a novel and effective way to understand or model the community evolution.
In situ stress analysis of lithium-ion battery cell

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are found in many applications such as consumer electronics, electric vehicles and airplanes. However, despite of the high safety standards being imposed, there have been many reported accidents as well as recalls by some manufacturers. Most accidents can be sourced to runaway reactions, which could happen if the LIBs are overheated or overcharged. Thermal runaway can cause rapid temperature rise in the LIB, resulting in excessive thermal stress in the electrodes and the separator, a permeable membrane placed between the anode and cathode. Such mechanical degradation can cause the fading of battery capacity, and in extreme cases result in cell rupture, releasing of flammable gases, fire and explosions. 

The proposed research is aimed at analysing the thermal behaviour and structure response of LIB cells during charge and discharge cycles as well as abnormal conditions such as overcharging and under impact by a projectile.  The cutting edge phase field model (PFM) will be combined with multi-physics finite element code COMSOL to analyse the deformation induced stresses induced by insertion of lithium in the electrodes under constraints and high temperatures as well as the resulting crack or microfracture in the electrode materials. The PFM is different from discrete fracture and continuum damage models and ideal for dealing with branch crack and multiple crack problems. The specific objectives of the research include: 
- Investigate LIB cell temperature changes under abnormal conditions such as overcharging and under impact by a projectile.
- Implement the PFM in COMSOL to handle the electrochemical reaction on surfaces, phase interfaces and crack surfaces in lithium ion battery electrode particles. 
- Validate the above with published results and new data to be generated by partner organisation.  
- Investigate the combined effects of electrochemical, mechanical and thermal on LIB behaviour and performance. 
- Final analysis and report.
Cooperating for Open access to Museums – towards a widEr INclusion

According to the Regional policy of the European Union, territorial cohesion should contribute to enabling equal opportunities without excluding any vulnerable group of people and cultural heritage inputs to the experiences and to the identity of each territory. 
The Cooperating for Open access to Museums – towards a widEr INclusion - COME-IN! project intends to valorize the CE cultural heritage, increasing the capacities of small and medium size museums, by making them accessible to a wider public of people with different kinds of disabilities. In fact, museums encounter difficulties in adapting to the “for all” concept, because of a lack of organizational knowledge and of limited financial resources, both for investments and adequate promotion. Hence, COME-IN! will coordinate a multi-faceted network of Museums, Disability associations, Academic representatives, Training institutions and Policy makers, that will jointly define an innovative strategic approach on how to promote the accessibility to museums, in order to make them more attractive for the public: transnational high level standards will be discussed and established and know-how transfer structured. The COME-IN! guidelines for organizing an accessible collection/exhibition and the Training Handbook for museum operators will be elaborated and this approach tested along its network. Pilot actions and training to operators will be performed and their results in terms of increased visibility studied. Based on the gained experience, an innovative promotional tool, the COME-IN! label for awarding museums complying with its accessibility standards, will be developed and initially conferred to the Museums of the network. The COME-IN! label will be promoted at transnational, national and local level, in CE and beyond,thus guaranteeing  its sustainability and transferability during its implementation as well as after its conclusion.
Antibacterial Compounds from Mushrooms I: A Lanostane-Type Triterpene and Prenylphenol Derivatives fromJahnoporus hirtusandAlbatrellus flettiiand Their Activities AgainstBacillus cereusandEnterococcus faecalis

Antibacterial bioassay-guided fractionation of two American mushroom species, Jahnoporus hirtus and Albatrellus flettii, led to the isolation and identification of their major antibacterial constituents: 3,11-dioxolanosta-8,24( Z)-diene-26-oic acid (1) from J. hirtus and confluentin (2), grifolin (3), and neogrifolin (4) from A. flettii. Compound 1 is a new lanostane-type triterpene. All purified compounds were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth of Bacillus cereus and Enterococcus faecalis using standard MIC assays. Compounds 1- 4 demonstrated MIC values of 40, 20, 10, and 20 microg/mL, respectively, against B. cereus and MIC values of 32, 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 microg/mL, respectively, against E. faecalis. Thus, one novel compound and three others were shown to possess antimicrobial activities against these gram-positive bacteria employed as surrogates for more virulent and dangerous pathogens.
Low rank modeling of signed networks

Trust networks, where people leave trust and distrust feedback, are becoming increasingly common. These networks may be regarded as signed graphs, where a positive edge weight captures the degree of trust while a negative edge weight captures the degree of distrust. Analysis of such signed networks has become an increasingly important research topic. One important analysis task is that of sign inference, i.e., infer unknown (or future) trust or distrust relationships given a partially observed signed network. Most state-of-the-art approaches consider the notion of structural balance in signed networks, building inference algorithms based on information about links, triads, and cycles in the network. In this paper, we first show that the notion of weak structural balance in signed networks naturally leads to a global low-rank model for the network. Under such a model, the sign inference problem can be formulated as a low-rank matrix completion problem. We show that we can perfectly recover missing relationships, under certain conditions, using state-of-the-art matrix completion algorithms. We also propose the use of a low-rank matrix factorization approach with generalized loss functions as a practical method for sign inference - this approach yields high accuracy while being scalable to large signed networks, for instance, we show that this analysis can be performed on a synthetic graph with 1.1 million nodes and 120 million edges in 10 minutes. We further show that the low-rank model can be used for other analysis tasks on signed networks, such as user segmentation through signed graph clustering, with theoretical guarantees. Experiments on synthetic as well as real data show that our low rank model substantially improves accuracy of sign inference as well as clustering. As an example, on the largest real dataset available to us (Epinions data with 130K nodes and 840K edges), our matrix factorization approach yields 94.6% accuracy on the sign inference task as compared to 90.8% accuracy using a state-of-the-art cycle-based method - moreover, our method runs in 40 seconds as compared to 10,000 seconds for the cycle-based method.
Apparatus and method for executing program using just-in time-compiler system

A program execution device includes: a storage unit storing for each function a machine language executable by an execution unit obtained by compiling a function described in a source program, and maintaining the stored data although a power supply voltage has dropped; a compiling unit compiling the source program into a machine language executable by the execution unit; a storage control unit storing the machine language compiled by the compiling unit; a determination unit determining whether or not a machine language obtained by compiling a function used in the source program is stored in the storage unit; and an execution control unit instructing the execution unit to directly execute either a machine language compiled by the compiling unit or a machine language stored in the storage unit depending on the determination result obtained by the determination unit.
Open-Centre tidal turbine industrial capability

OpenHydro holds a unique position in the tidal industry. It has  developed a state-of-the-art Open-Centre Turbine with a proven ability to generate and deliver electricity to the national grid and a patented method to deploy and recover turbines quickly, safely and economically on the seabed. Simplicity is at the core of OpenHydro’s design philosophy: the turbine has only one moving part, minimising the number of interventions for maintenance. Fundamentally, the Open-Centre Turbine system is designed to deliver the lowest cost of energy. Since the installation of OpenHydro’s first turbine in 2006, the technology has been developed and tested extensively, with prototype designs optimised to provide higher outputs and improved economics. Validation of the full-scale, 2.0MW 16 metre turbine system following the deployment, grid connection and operation of a two turbine array at the Paimpol-Bréhat test site in France brings the technology to TRL 7. OpenHydro’s stated objective is to match and beat the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCoE) of offshore wind. 

The OCTTIC FTI Pilot project, which brings together a consortium of 4 industrial partners led by OpenHydro, will achieve this through advancement of the turbine system design to improve performance, efficiency and reliability. These advancements when combined with a reduction in operational and maintenance requirements, will deliver significant reductions in capital and operational costs to achieve LCoE targets. OCTTIC will establish a robust industrial production platform and the associated supply chain to produce, assemble and deploy the turbines at scale to deliver LCoE targets and lead the development of the tidal energy market. The outputs of this project will be implemented immediately through the deployment of commercial tidal array projects in partnership with energy utilities to make significant contributions towards the decarbonisation of the European energy system and securing energy supply.
SUBSTITUTED XANTHENE COMPOUNDS

Substituted xanthene compounds are described which are capable of functioning as absorbers in high intensity light protective compositions and in materials used to prevent the transmission of high intensity light at selected wavelengths. Also described are high intensity light protective compositions containing an effective amount of a substituted xanthene compound and a polymeric compound and a material which prevents transmission of high intensity light at wavelengths between about 482 to about 556 nanometers. The material of this invention can be used to make protective eyewear, optical filters, shields for protecting a person's body from high intensity light, or shields for protecting components of an optical instrument from high intensity light.
Theory of an Intelligent Planning Unit for the Complex Built Environment

AbstractThis paper develops the theory of an intelligent planning unit (IPU) as a new thought process. The theory of an IPU is designed to (1) enable the complex built environment system to be more intelligent; (2) standardize the complex physical entities and processes at a modular scale; (3) accumulate the knowledge at different levels of complexity for IPU refinement and control; and (4) provide the decision-makers with timely and accurate information for better decision-making. An IPU can be developed by breaking down the physical entities and processes in the complex built environment system into carefully planned units (even nanoscale units). An IPU can be implemented in three phases (i.e., IPU planning, IPU application, and IPU network). This paper illustrates the theory of an IPU as a holistic approach using the smart photovoltaic system blind as one of the sustainable management strategies. The IPU case scenario illustrates the strategy, design, replication, combination, interaction, and refineme...
WEAVING MULTILAYER PRODUCTS USING MULTIPLE WARP COLUMNS AND HEDDLE COLUMNS

An apparatus for weaving a multilayer product that has one or more warp columns for placing warp fibers and one or more heddle columns for heddles for lacing the warp fibers. The weaving apparatus has a numerical ratio of warp columns and heddle columns that is a fractional number. And a portion of the warp fibers are laceable through heddles on one or more heddle columns based on the fractional number. A method for weaving a multilayer product where adjacent warp fibers are segmented and laced through heddles on the heddle columns based on the fractional number.
Nutritional Status of Children (6-59 Months) from Food Secure and Food Insecure Households in Rural Communities of Saesie Tsaeda-Emba District, Tigray, North Ethiopia: Comparative Study

The aim of this study was to Assess and compare nutritional status and associated factors of 6 to 59 months old children from food secure and food insecure households in rural Kebeles of Saesie Tsaeda Emba district, Tigray, North Ethiopia. As a result, a comparative, cross sectional study was conducted on 841 children (421 from food secure and 420 from food insecure households) from February to March, 2014. Multistage sampling method was used to select Children from each kebele. Anthropometric measurements were entered and calculated using ENA for SMART 2007software then transferred to SPSS version 20 to be processed and analyzed. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors of under nutrition at significance level p-value < 0.05. About (46.1%, 52.1%), (18.1%, 20.5%), and 7.1%, 12.6%) of the children from the food secure and food insecure kebelles were stunted, underweight and wasted respectively. Occupation of father, head of family, and duration of continued breast feeding were the factors associated with stunting in food secure households. Whereas age of the child, head of family, and duration of continued breast feeding were determinant factors for stunting in children from the food insecure households. Similarly, educational status of father, sex of the child, and current breast feeding status of the child were the factors associated with underweight for children from food secure households and age of mother, occupational status of father, sex of child, 1st complementary food given to the child, and main source of water to the household were the main predictors of underweight in the food insecure households. The factors associated with child wasting in the food secure households were age of the father and number of cattle owned by the household and age of child and main source of water to the household were the factors associated with child wasting from the food insecure households. Finally, under nutrition among under-five years of age children was very high in the population. Therefore, addressing food security and then nutrition security using the productive safety net program in harmony with participation of all responsible bodies is crucial; as children of the food secure households were at better nutritional outcomes when compared to those of food insecure households.
Suitability of CO2capture technologies for carbon capture and storage in India

The Indian power sector relies heavily on coal power plants for electricity generation as 59% of the total installed capacity is from coal power plants. Considerable research has been done in developed countries to analyze the suitability of CO2 capture technologies for coal power plants, but not in India. This work analyzes the suitability of various CO2 capture technologies for Indian coal power plants on the basis of different parameters: energy penalty, cost of CO2 capture, efficiency, and age and size of the power plant. An Integrated Environmental Control Model (IECM) was used to simulate the power plants, and to calculate the energy penalty and cost of capture. All existing 517 units of 115 coal power plants in India, along with one Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) plant and one ultra-supercritical plant were analyzed for CO2 capture suitability. Results show that the total installed capacity of Indian coal power plants would reduce to somewhere between 66 896 and 105 991 MW, depending on the CO2 capture technology applied, from and existing 126 320 MW. The average efficiency of Indian coal power plants would reduce from the current 29% to 24.4%, 20.7%, and 15.4% if we retrofit the plants with amine-, ammonia-, and membrane-based capture systems, respectively. Cost of CO2 capture for these three technologies would be $42.3, $75.2, and $81.9 per tonne of CO2, respectively. The CO2 capture technologies would be better off on coal power plants which are less than 20 years old, as the energy penalty would be less. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd