SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Air quality in Singapore during the 2013 smoke-haze episode over the Strait of Malacca: Lessons learned

Abstract The widespread wildfires that raged across Indonesia's island of Sumatra in June 2013 triggered the worst air pollution episode ever recorded in Singapore. The highest 24-h moving average PM2.5 concentration reported by the authorities reached a whopping 310 μg m−3 on June 20, 2013. However, a top 3-h moving average Pollutant Standard Index (PSI) of 401 (index ceiling is 500) based only in PM10 concentration data occurred the following day, and a maximum 24-h moving average PSI of 246 with an associated 24-h PM10 concentration of 382 μg m−3 was reported on June 22, 2013. The decoupling between these air quality health advisories evidences the flaw in informing to the public on the hour when the air quality was at its worst. Up until now, despite the positive changes on the public dissemination of air quality information, the real hourly pollution levels experienced in Singapore during the 2013 smoke-haze episode are still unknown. To unveil the hourly PM2.5 concentrations this work applies a set of statistical models to the available air quality data during the episode and the lately 1-h PM2.5 concentration records published since April 2014 on a day-by-day bases. Results suggest maximum likelihood hourly PM2.5 concentrations over 600 μg m−3, twice the maximum 24-h moving average reported by the authorities.
Lame Windturbine 5.X | pali eolici onshore di grandi dimensioni ed efficienza

Questo progetto di investimento mira a potenziare l'unità industriale di tecnologia PRODUZIONE di Ria Blades che consente la produzione di prodotti innovativi nel contesto del settore dell'energia eolica, vale a dire 76 e 83 metri di mulini a vento.
MOGGIO VALENTINA

ESTÚDIO DE CONTABILISTA INDIVIDUAL DESDE 2017; INÍCIO DA ATIVIDADE DESDE 1997 NO ESTÚDIO ASSOCIADO REDUZIDO EM UMA UNIDADE PELA MORTE DO DEPUTADO DESDE 2017. ATIVIDADES FISCAIS, DE AUDITORIA E DE CONSULTORIA. DESDE A CONTABILIDADE ATÉ À ELABORAÇÃO DE DEMONSTRAÇÕES FINANCEIRAS E À APRESENTAÇÃO DE DECLARAÇÕES FISCAIS. ATIVIDADES DE AUDITORIA EM EMPRESAS PRIVADAS, EMPRESAS COLIGADAS (EMPRESAS INTERNAS); ATIVIDADES DE AUDITORIA EM ORGANISMOS MUNICIPAIS DA REGIÃO DA LIGÚRIA E EM SETORES DESPORTIVOS SEM FINS LUCRATIVOS (FEDERAÇÕES) E ACONSELHAMENTO VOLUNTÁRIO SOBRE ORGANIZAÇÕES ECLESIÁSTICAS E SEM FINS LUCRATIVOS.
Network for medieval arts and rituals

Even though it is a cliché that most Byzantine arts originated in, for and as rituals, scholars largely neglect their ritual origins and functions. Medievalists tend to treat visual, literary and performing arts as distinct from each other. In the medieval world, however, these arts were often combined to produce effective rituals. Recognizing the importance of considering these three arts together, NetMAR will use the concepts of “ritual”, “ritualization” and “performance” to bring together all types of Byzantine arts under one roof. Given the importance of Cyprus within the Byzantine and Western medieval worlds, NetMAR will use the same approach for Western medieval arts where they coexisted and interacted with their Byzantine counterparts.  Building on twinning’s huge potential for knowledge transfer, training and exchange of best practices between the three partnering institutions, NetMAR will work towards filling the networking gaps and deficiencies between UCY and its advanced partners in the field of Medieval Studies. NetMAR will also have a dedicated focus towards both promoting the involvement of female and male ESRs in the coordinating institution and strengthening its research management and grant writing skills. Furthermore, NetMAR will participate in the production of new tools and services that will benefit the tourism and culture industry, along with other interested stakeholders and public authorities.  The collaboration of the three partners, which mainly aims at strengthening the abilities, networks, skills and knowledge of UCY, will be performed within the framework of a number of CSA including: staff exchanges, expert visits, webinars, workshops, conferences and a summer school, as well as dissemination and outreach activities. These CSA will enable UCY to produce high-impact publications, establish an interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed and open access scholarly journal, and create a critical mass of highly qualified young scholars of both sexes.
The Forecasting Plant Trend That Is Appropriate in the Storage of Carbon Dioxide to Fight Global Warming in the Area of Nonthaburi

This research paper is aimed at developing a mathematical model to determine species and number of plants to be grown in a plot of land to establish forest in the CDM (clean development mechanism) project. Previously, tree planting aiming to reduce carbon in the atmosphere was unsystematically designed and it is usually based on self preference or available seeds on-hands. As a result, a total carbon absorption by the plants is not according to the requirement. Thus, a 0-1 integer programming is developed to solve the mentioned problem. The developed mathematical model therefore provides the optimal solution that ensures required amount of carbon sequestration from the trees and also obtains maximum profit determining between carbon credit revenue and expenses from tree planting. The developed model is flexible enough to allow users to specify amount of required carbon sequestration or even a number of certain plants needed to grow. In addition, the model is also taken into account efficient planting pattern with mixture stand to avoid competition among planting trees. The numerical results show the practical solutions which are verified by experts. In brief, the developed mathematical model is useful for forest establishment project as it provides both systematic design and optimal solution in terms of expected carbon absorption.
Fermat-type equations of signature $$(13,13,p)$$ via Hilbert cuspforms

In this paper we prove that for \(p > 13649\) equations of the form \(x^{13} + y^{13} = Cz^{p}\) have no non-trivial primitive solutions \((a,b,c)\) such that \(13 \not \mid c\) for an infinite family of values for \(C\). Our method consists on relating a solution \((a,b,c)\) to the previous equation to a solution \((a,b,c_1)\) of another Diophantine equation with coefficients in \(\mathbb Q (\sqrt{13})\). Then we attach to \((a,b,c_1)\) a Frey curve \(E_{(a,b)}\) defined over \(\mathbb Q (\sqrt{13})\) that is not a \(\mathbb Q \)-curve. We prove a modularity result of independent interest for certain elliptic curves over totally real abelian number fields satisfying some local conditions at \(3\). This theorem, in particular, implies modularity of \(E_{(a,b)}\). This enables us to use level lowering results and apply the modular approach via Hilbert cuspforms over \(\mathbb Q (\sqrt{13})\) to prove the non-existence of \((a,b,c_1)\) and, consequently, of \((a,b,c)\).
Population based (transnational) monitoring, management and stakeholder involvement for the Eurasian Lynx affecting 3 Lynx Populations in the Central Europe Area

Common challenge: The Eurasian lynx is a highly endangered species, protected under national laws and EU Habitat Directive. Lynx inhabits Europe mostly with transnational populations, that are a conservation priority according to EU guidelines. The main threats for lynx survival are illegal killing (due to lack of acceptance by key stakeholders) and habitat fragmentation hindering migration. In addition, unharmonised (national) monitoring and management traditions hamper a coordinated approach. The challenge is to integrate lynx monitoring, conservation and management of conflicts between stakeholders (leading to illegal killing), carried out and coordinated by responsible authorities and NGOs, towards a common strategy on transnational population level. The main objectives, expected changes of the project are: a) to improve lynx conservation capacities by responsible stakeholders through experience, data and tool sharing; b) to jointly analyse gained data at both population and transnational levels; c) to implement a harmonised lynx monitoring on population level, also as an instrument to achieve active involvement of key stakeholders, namely hunters and foresters, into lynx conservation issues (aimed to improve acceptance); d) to increase problem awareness among other stakeholder groups and connect the activities to macroregional/multinational strategies.  The main outputs will be a transnational strategy affecting 3 lynx populations, endorsed by MoUs, an integrated toolbox and a sound acknowledgement of the approach by EUSALP, EUSDR, Alpine and Carpathian Conventions.  The innovative aspect and the transnational added value is:-a transnational approach that does not follow national borders, but the dynamic demarcation line of the lynx population itself; -the integration of lynx monitoring and involvement of key stakeholders; -the introduction of innovative participative methodologies into stakeholder cooperation routines for keyinstitutions from 6 CE-countries.
geoPORtal of TOols & Data for sustaInable Management of coAstal and maRine Environment

The present competition for coastal and maritime space triggered by human activities, as well as climate change effects and both natural and manmade hazards, impact coastal and marine environment, resources and ecosystems. The physical characteristics, especially the shallowness and its semi-enclosed nature, make the Adriatic and Ionian Sea even more vulnerable to these threats. This situation points out the compelling need in the Adriatic-Ionian Region for a transnational integrated and efficient planning and management of coastal and marine spaces and uses at macroregional level, able to avoid potential conflicts, create synergies and to secure a sustainable growth whilst allowing the preservation of coastal and marine ecosystems for future generations. Such effort requires fit for purpose knowledge and tools. In full compliance with the Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) principles and policies and supporting concretely the implementation of the EUSAIR Action Plan, PORTODIMARE project aims at creating a common platform (Geoportal) for data, information and decision support tools focused on coastal and marine areas of the Adriatic-Ionian Region. The Geoportal integrates and further develops existing databases, portals and tools developed within previous EU projects by local and national administrations and by other initiatives. Through this approach, most of the available knowledge and resources will be efficiently organized and made accessible through a single virtual space, thus supporting coordinated, regionally / transnationally coherent and transparent decision-making processes, with the perspective of remaining operative and being expanded well beyond the project conclusion. The Geoportal will use, feed and support transnational cooperation networks in all the phases of its creation, from the design, to the development, to its testing phase, enabling public authorities and stakeholders to apply a coordinated, integrated and trans-boundary approach. In this view, PORTODIMARE project will test the use of the Geoportal as a concrete support for the development, in four demonstration areas, of strategies and action plans that couple environmental protection and sustainable development of sea/coast uses, within the regional and transnational framework established by Directive 2014/89/EU and EUSAIR Action Plan. More concretely, the PORTODIMARE Geoportal aims at becoming a daily working tool for decision-makers, public and private managers, practitioners, marine scientists and stakeholders in general, thus promoting and boosting sustainable blue growth in the Adriatic and Ionian Region.
Metodologias ativas no ensino fundamental: um olhar a Base Nacional Comum Curricular

Atualmente a sociedade tem avançado constantemente em relação a tecnologias, é possível descrever que estamos vivendo na cultura digital, esse fato interfere diretamente na educação, nesse ínterim repensar o modelo educacional do Brasil faz-se necessário. Assim sendo, essa pesquisa apresenta como problemática o seguinte questionamento: como as metodologias ativas podem contribuir para a prática pedagógica no processo de cumprimento das competências da BNCC na etapa do ensino fundamental. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Conclui-se, que as metodologias ativas, é uma ferramenta coadjuvante para auxiliar no ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos do século XXI, sendo significativa em suas práticas para o cumprimento das dez competências descritas na Base Nacional Comum Curricular.
Empirical evidence on the formation of habits, self-control and non-separabilities in food choices

The proposed research aims to improve our understanding of individual choices over which foods to purchase. The research aims to make fundamental contributions to models of choice and preference formation, and the outputs will inform the development of policy interventions that seek to improve nutritional outcomes. Our particular interest will be to better understand: (i) the importance of the foods available at home in childhood in influencing choices that young adults make over which foods to eat, (ii) the relevance of temptation and self-control in explaining poor nutritional food choices, and the ways that advertising might influence these behaviours, and (iii) the important interactions that exist between the ways that people spend their time (for example work and physical activity) and the food choices that they make and how this determines nutritional outcomes. 

A proper understanding of the way that preferences are formed, and the ways that they might be influenced, is key to the design of effective public policy. The food market is a good place to study these questions for a number of reasons. First, people make decisions with high frequency and in different economic conditions, which helps provide variation needed for identification of key parameters of interest. Second, we observe the same individuals making choices both for immediate consumption and for future consumption, which will also help us with identification. Third, the food industry is of considerable policy interest. People in developed countries are getting fatter at an alarming rate. To the extent that people do not take account of the effects of this on themselves in the future and on others then they are making suboptimal decisions; they and society could potentially be made better off by policy intervention, but it is important that we have a good understanding of what impact these interventions are likely to have.
ASSESSING THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF DEFENSE ACTIVITIES: A SURVEY OF METHODS

Defense activities exercised in a specific region may alter the region's economic performance. An accurate assessment of the potential economic impacts of defense activities is a valuable undertaking to enable regional planners to prepare for changes. The variety in the methods (among others, input-output models, economic base models, Keynesian regional multipliers, fixed-effects estimators, and case-study approaches) inspired by geography, sociology, and political science can pose a dilemma. We detail the historical and theoretical background of each method, as well as select exemplary cases where these methods were applied. By examining old and new methods, we aim to construct a typology that could be valuable to all stakeholders. In this sense, defense economics can also contribute to the allied social sciences by outlining evaluation methods that may be applicable to other fields.
Why some fish don’t tan

Although Homo sapiens bask for hours in the sun slathered with sunscreen to block the injurious effects of ultraviolet (UV) light, the zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) and other vertebrates species have evolved a more resourceful way to protect themselves from the sun’s harmful rays. In a recent paper, Osborn et al . describe the discovery of an endogenous biosynthetic pathway in vertebrates that produces UV-specific protective compounds mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and the related gadusols.

Bacteria and algae were shown previously to produce such protective compounds, which had also been detected in fish but were believed to be acquired by the consumption of MAA- and gadusol-producing unicellular organisms. However, the team identified—in zebrafish, several other types of fish, amphibians, and birds—two genes that encode enzymes known to catalyze the synthesis of these compounds. They cloned the genes, expressed them in Escherichia coli , and incubated the recombinant proteins with the substrate sedoheptulose 7-phosphate. Subsequent identification of a catalytic product (2-epi-5-epi-valiolone) that contained a cyclohexane ring confirmed that the bacterially expressed zebrafish protein was a functioning sugar phosphate cyclase, a key enzyme in the production of gadusol. The authors then extracted gadusol directly from zebrafish, demonstrating the species’ capacity to fully synthesize the compound. Last, the authors inserted the cloned zebrafish genes into yeast expression vectors and detected and isolated gadusol from the yeast culture medium.

The new work sheds light on a biosynthetic mechanism of sun protection found in multiple species and also might present an enlightened opportunity to develop a small-molecule sunscreen.

A. R. Osborn et al ., De novo synthesis of a sunscreen compound in vertebrates. eLife 4 , e05919 (2015). [[Full Text]][1]

 [1]: http://elifesciences.org/content/4/e05919
Patterns of ectoparasitism in North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus): Sex-biases, seasonality, age, and effects on male body condition

Within many species, males are often more heavily parasitised than females. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including immunocompetence handicaps, sexual size dimorphism and behavioural differences. Here we set out to test the latter two hypotheses and make inferences about the former by assessing patterns of ectoparasitism across various life-history stages in a population of North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). We also conducted an ectoparasite removal experiment to investigate the effects of ectoparasites on male body condition. We found that males were more intensely parasitized than females, but only during the mating period. There was no difference in ectoparasite intensity between male and female juveniles at birth or at emergence, suggesting that ectoparasites do not exploit male red squirrels for longer-range natal dispersal. Male red squirrels in our population were slightly heavier than females, however we did not find any evidence that this dimorphism drives male-biased ectoparasitism. Finally, we could not detect an effect of ectoparasite removal on male body mass. Our results lend support to the hypothesis that ectoparasites exploit their male hosts for transmission and that male red squirrels are important for the transmission dynamics of ectoparasites in this population; however, the mechanisms (i.e., immunocompetence, testosterone) are not known.
Finite element analysis in defining the optimal shape and safety factor of retentive clasp arms of removable partial denture

Bacground/Aim. Retentive force of removable partial denture (RPD) directly depends on elastic force of stretched retentive clasp arms (RCAs). During deflection RCA must have even stress distribution. Safety factor is the concept which can be applied in estimating durability and functionality of RCAs. This study was based on analyzing properties of clasps designed by conventional clasp wax profiles and defining the optimal shapes of RCAs for stress distribution and safety factor aspects. Methods. Computer-aided-design (CAD) models of RCAs with simulated properties of materials used for fabrication of RPD cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy, commercially pure titanium (CPTi) and polyacetale were analyzed. Results. The research showed that geometrics of Rapidflex profiles from the BIOS concept are defined for designing and modeling RCAs from CoCrMo alloys. I-Bar and Bonihard clasps made from CPTi might have the same design as Co- CrMo clasp only by safety factor aspect, but it is obvious that CPTi are much more flexible, so their shape must be more massive. Polyacetale clasps should not be fabricated by BIOS concept for CoCrMo alloy. A proof for that is the low value of safety factor. Conclusion. The BIOS concept should be used only for RCAs made of CoCrMo alloy and different wax profiles should be used for fabricating clasps of other investigated materials. The contribution of this study may be the improvement of present systems for defining the clasps shapes made from CoCrMo alloys. The more significant application is possibility of creating new concepts in defining shapes of RCA made from CPTi and polyacetale.
Simulations of surfactant effects on the dynamics of coalescing drops and bubbles

We present simulations of coalescence in the presence of surfactant. We consider a fluid-fluid interface where we track surfactant concentration. Our model is applicable to a soap bubble merging with a suspended soap film and to a surfactant covered liquid drop merging with a reservoir. In both cases, we determine the regime in which coalescence is only partial. Along with viscous effects, represented by the Ohnesorge number, the elasticity of the surface tension relative to the surfactant concentration is seen to play a key role and exhibits a surprising nonmonotonic influence, for which we present a physical mechanism. The effects of gravity are also simulated, along with effects of differing initial conditions, as well as those of uneven initial surfactant concentration, as are likely to arise in physical applications. We describe how the presence of surfactants can influence a coalescence cascade.
Composition of epoxy group-containing cycloolefin resin

A resin composition comprising an epoxy group-containing cycloolefin resin and a crosslinking agent is provided. More specifically, a resin composition comprising an epoxy group-containing thermoplastic norbornene resin obtained by introducing epoxy groups into a thermoplastic norbornene resin, and as the crosslinking agent, a curing agent for epoxy resins or a photoreactive substance is provided. The resin composition is suitable for use as an insulating material.