SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Support to the europe pmc initiative – co-funding grant for the 2016-2021 period

The proposed coordination and support action will provide continued support to the European Research Council (ERC) in the implementation of its Open Access strategy for projects funded in the Life Sciences domain. It follows on from the projects “Support towards the Europe PMC initiative – Contribution for 2014-2016” (ERC-EuropePMC-1-2014) and “Support towards the Europe PMC initiative – Contribution for 2013” (ERC-EuropePMC-SUP-2013) which allowed the ERC to offer the benefits of Europe PubMed Central (Europe PMC http://europepmc.org/) to its funded researchers for the first time in 2013. 

The proposed project concerns the giving of a grant to EMBL-EBI for the purpose of ensuring the further development and maintenance of Europe PMC, beyond the work done as part of ERC-EuropePMC-SUP-2013 and ERC-EuropePMC-1-2014, for the period 1st April 2016 – 31st March 2021 (60 months). Support towards this project is requested from the ERC on a co-funding basis.
Aggregating textiles for production

Techniques for operating a loom to produce multiple different textiles during a single operation of the loom. Conventionally, a loom produces a single textile during each single operation of the loom. When producing multiple different textiles during a single operation of the loom, a single run of the mill may generate the multiple different textiles for multiple different customers. In some embodiments, during a single operation of a loom, the loom may generate a single piece of loom-finished fabric that includes multiple different textiles for multiple different customers and, following the single run of the mill, the single piece of loom-finished fabric may be cut apart to yield the different textiles, which may be one, two, more than five, more than ten, or any suitable number of different textiles for any suitable number of different customers.
A Structural Modelling Approach to Closed End Bond Funds

This thesis develops a model of closed end bond funds that helps us better understand a
recent finding in the literature. In 2012 Elton et al. published an empirical study of closed end bond funds (CEBFs) and they suggested that the use of leverage in CEBFs could explain the fact that these funds had higher returns than those of comparable open end funds. This thesis provides a framework for estimating the impact of leverage on expected return and risk in this context. We use a Merton type approach to model both unlevered and levered CEBFs. The assets of a CEBF are primarily risky bonds. Each of these risky bonds can be analysed in terms of options under the Merton approach. We create an unlevered CEBF model by extending Merton's model to a multi-firm framework to
represent a CEBF composed of several risky bonds. We then add leverage by assuming the
CEBF issues debt. This permits us to model the securities of a levered closed end bond
fund as compound options. The equity and debt of the CEBF can be decomposed into
options on a portfolio of options. This framework enables us to compute the expected rate of return and standard deviation of an unlevered and levered CEBF. We obtain results
that are comparable to those observed in Elton et al.
Genetics of systemic sclerosis

Large-scale and follow-up genetic association studies in systemic sclerosis (SSc) have implicated over 40 regions in disease risk, 15 of which with robust associations. Nevertheless, the causal variants and the functional mechanisms underlying the genetic associations remain elusive, and the reasons for the higher disease burden in African Americans unknown. Incorporating tools from diverse fields is beginning to unveil the role of genetic diversity and regulatory variation in SSc susceptibility. This review will summarize recent advances in SSc genetics, including autoimmune disease overlap, evidence of natural selection, and current progress towards the dissection of the functional role of associated risk variants.In the past year, multiple large-scale studies reported novel strong and suggestive SSc associations. These results, coupled with the regions shared with other autoimmune diseases, emphasize the role of dysregulation of immune pathways as a key causative factor in SSc pathogenesis. Strong evidence implicates natural selection as a mechanism contributing to the maintenance of some of these SSc alleles in the population. Studies integrating genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic datasets in specific cell types to identify causal autoimmune disease variants are emerging.The identification and comprehensive understanding of the factors and mechanisms contributing to SSc will contribute to improved diagnosis and disease management.
China na revolução digital: catch-up, leapfrogging e planejamento estatal

The objective of this article is to discuss the catch-up strategies adopted by China, with a focus on national planning.Our aim is to understand the response of the Government and the main Chinese companies to the great transformations in the world economy from the 90's, which we consider to be the emergence of a Digital Revolution.The trends discussed in our work indicate that China is closely following the ongoing global transformations and have been preparing to take the lead in the key technologies of this new period.The consolidation of a Digital Age, therefore, marks the rise of China to the status of a major player in the disputes of science and technology worldwide.
Behavioral and policy implications of rational inattention

This proposal outlines agenda which aims to improve our understanding of policies in environments with cognitively limited agents. It seeks to extend and apply the theory of rational inattention developed in macroeconomics. Citizens are inattentive to details of tax codes, government bureaucrats cannot inspect all data about people in need, and voters are highly uninformed about politicians’ campaign platforms. The agenda is specifically targeted at applications where human inability to digest all available information has strong implications for public policy formation. It falls into three broad parts.
	First (macroeconomics), the proposed research will develop a new model of risk-sharing in a typical modern-macro setting with heterogeneous agents.  Instead of incentive constraints, the imperfections will be driven by the government’s or citizens’ inability to process all available information. What are the properties of the resulting system of redistribution? Why do taxes often take a simple form? Can minorities be left behind because they attract less of the government’s attention? 
	Second (behavioral economics), it will extend the rational inattention theory to model how agents simplify multidimensional features of the environment. Among many applications, the theory is likely to provide an alternative explanation for mental accounting, when people have separate budgets for different types of expenditures (critical to consumption decisions, especially of the poor), and for salience of different elements of the tax code. 
        Third (political economy), it will develop a unified framework to study implications of voters’ rational inattention (selective ignorance) for the outcomes of political processes, such as for popular demand for misguided policies, public good provision, and the complexity of announced platforms. Voters’ information acquisition and fragmented information processing will be studied in a field experiment.
MANFRED - Management strategies to adapt Alpine Space forests to climate change risks

With the expected Climate Change (CC), the ecological conditions for forests in the Alpine Space will be fundamentally changing – with unknown effects on the forests’ essential protective, ecological, economical and social functions. Under different climate and land-use change scenarios only an adaptive management can provide the conservation of the natural heritage and the multiple functions. MANFRED bridges the gap between research and practical forest management and seeks to a) collect knowledge with regard to CC effects on 4 main topics: forest growth and land use changes (WP4), hazards & stressors (WP5), best practices to face extreme events (WP6) protection forests (WP7); b) identify hot spots with concrete need for action on the regional & local level; c) develop management strategies able to adapt to changing environmental conditions (WP 8); d) contribute to the implementation of suggested adapted management strategies in cooperation with political decision makers in 4 transnational case study regions.
Evolution of the cochlea and hearing in odontocetes

Toothed whales (Odontoceti) are a spectacular example of evolutionary adaptation, highly specialised apex predators and a key component of modern ocean ecosystems. The key innovation that has facilitated their evolutionary success is echolocation. Research into odontocete hearing has so far been biased towards physiological experiments and auditory pathway identification; quantitative studies on the cochlea are lacking, despite its critical role in audition. I will fill this gap in knowledge of the cochlea in cetaceans by: (1) quantifying differences in the morphology of odontocete cochlea through the application of cutting-edge scanning, visualisation and quantitative analytical techniques (e.g. 3D geometric morphometrics) to gather in depth data of all features of a fully representative  range of odontocete cochlea; (2) testing through statistical analysis whether these differences correlate with, or are driven by, factors such as diet, behaviour or auditory sensitivity; (3) incorporating fossil taxa to pinpoint the timing of the evolution of echolocation; and (4) identifying convergent evolution of specialised high frequency hearing in river dolphins using novel methods for testing and quantifying morphological convergence. This project will create the most comprehensive data set of odontocete inner ear models ever compiled and will mark a major advance in the understanding of cetacean sensory evolution, providing profound insights into how this enigmatic group of marine mammals came to dominate the oceans - making sense of a sixth sense. The data gathered will be made openly available to other researchers.
Super andersen-kashaev topological quantum field theory

A topological quantum field theory (TQFT) is a model of quantum field theory which computes topological invariants. Although TQFTs were invented by physicists, they are also of mathematical interest because of their relation to quantum topology. Particularly interesting examples of 3d TQFTs arise from Chern-Simons (CS) theory with non-compact gauge groups. A connected component of the phase space of PSL(2,R) CS theory is identified with Teichmüller space, and its quantum theory corresponds to a specic class of unitary mapping class group representations in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. By using quantum Teichmüller Theory (qTT), Andersen and Kashaev construct a one parameter family of TQFT's dened on certain shaped triangulated pseudo 3-manifolds. On the other hand, Teichmüller theory has an interesting generalization originating from the deformation theory of super Riemann surfaces which initially was motivated by super string perturbation theory. In the super generalized case, the gauge groups is replaced by the super group OSP(1|2). Recently, qTT of super Riemann surfaces has been constructed by using coordinates associated to the ideal triangulations of super Riemann surfaces. To this date, we lack mathematical understanding of TQFT's with non-compact super gauge groups. This proposal aims to construct and study TQFT's based on super qTT as follows: Construction of the tetrahedral partition functions from the mapping class groupiod representations of super qTT using a version of charging, establish tetrahedral symmetries and prove well-denedness and topological invariance for a certain class of triangulated shaped pseudo 3-manifolds and finally make calculations for different examples. These results are expected to build a bridge between very different areas of mathematics, thus possibly opening new research gates completely inspired by physics.
VILLAS, STATELY HOMES AND CASTLES: compatible use, valorisation and creative management

Cultural heritage, preserved and managed in an appropriate way, can play a decisive role in spatial development. This is the focus of the VILLAS project. The project's main aims consist in improving and revitalising the aesthetic and economic aspects of architectural heritage by creating an evaluation model and defining a compatible, reusable strategy tool according to the planning criteria and spatial policies of the CADSES area. In the long term, the project is expected to have a positive effect on regional communities and economies through the increase of knowledge, cultural tourism, investment possibilities, etc. and in a broader sense the amelioration of juridical instruments at national and European level. The possibilities of intercultural dialogue and the multidisciplinary approach of the topic will, on the one hand, achieve the relevant sustainable development requirements, and, on the other hand, contribute to the support and stability of the area.
Dynamics and transport of quantum matter --- exploring the interplay of topology, interactions and localization

Quantum matter is condensed matter which properties are dominated by the quantum nature of its constituents. The two most fundamental properties of quantum mechanics are interference and entanglement. How do these properties, and their derivatives, show up in an experiment? And how does one control them? These are the fundamental questions addressed in this proposal.

The study is divided into three main parts: many-body localization, topological insulator nanowires, and topological semimetals. Many-body localization is concerned with the interplay of interference and entanglement and is central to questions about quantum thermalization. I aim to understand experimental signatures of many-body localization as well as devising simulation schemes that allow us to conduct numerical experiments on many-body localization for larger system sizes than has been so far possible. The interplay of interference, topology and geometry is the central theme of the topic of topological insulator nanowires. I have in the past theoretically demonstrated the signatures of fundamental quantum phenomena in these systems, including perfectly transmitted mode and Majorana fermions. The major goal of this part of the project is to collaborate closely with experimental groups seeking to verify my past theories, by providing new and more detailed predictions for these systems. This requires to further understand experimental details, develop certain theoretical devices and simulation techniques based on them. The final part on topological semimetals is particularly timely in view of recent experimental realizations of Dirac semimetals and the impending realization of Weyl semimetals, which both can be roughly thought of as 3D analogs of graphene. I seek to understand their unique transport signatures and the interplay of disorder with 3D Dirac fermions. The three parts feed into and from each other both through unified concepts and common methodology.
Guided-Mode Resonator Coupled with Nanocrystal Intraband Absorption

come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
Adaptive Digital Filters

Adaptive Digital Filters presents an important discipline applied to the domain of speech processing. The book first makes the reader acquainted with the basic terms of filtering and adaptive filtering, before introducing the field of advanced modern algorithms, some of which are contributed by the authors themselves. Working in the field of adaptive signal processing requires the use of complex mathematical tools. The book offers a detailed presentation of the mathematical models that is clear and consistent, an approach that allows everyone with a college level of mathematics knowledge to successfully follow the mathematical derivations and descriptions of algorithms. The algorithms are presented in flow charts, which facilitates their practical implementation. The book presents many experimental results and treats the aspects of practical application of adaptive filtering in real systems, making it a valuable resource for both undergraduate and graduate students, and for all others interested in mastering this important field.
Neurological Events Reported after COVID‐19 Vaccines: An Analysis of Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System

Objective To identify the rates of neurological events following administration of mRNA (Pfizer, Moderna) or adenovirus vector (Janssen) vaccines in the U.S. Methods We used publicly available data from the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) collected between January 1, 2021 and June 14, 2021. All free text symptoms that were reported within 42 days of vaccine administration were manually reviewed and grouped into 36 individual neurological diagnostic categories. Post‐vaccination neurological event rates were compared between vaccine types and to age‐matched baseline incidence rates in the U.S. and rates of neurological events following COVID. Results Of 306,907,697 COVID vaccine doses administered during the study timeframe, 314,610 (0.1%) people reported any adverse event and 105,214 (0.03%) reported neurological adverse events in a median of 1 day (IQR0‐3) from inoculation. Guillain‐Barre Syndrome (GBS), and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) occurred in fewer than 1 per 1,000,000 doses. Significantly more neurological adverse events were reported following Janssen (Ad26.COV2.S) vaccination compared to either Pfizer‐BioNtech (BNT162b2) or Moderna (mRNA‐1,273; 0.15% vs 0.03% vs 0.03% of doses, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001). The observed‐to‐expected ratios for GBS, CVT and seizure following Janssen vaccination were ≥1.5‐fold higher than background rates. However, the rate of neurological events after acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was up to 617‐fold higher than after COVID vaccination. Interpretation Reports of serious neurological events following COVID vaccination are rare. GBS, CVT and seizure may occur at higher than background rates following Janssen vaccination. Despite this, rates of neurological complications following acute SARS‐CoV‐2 infection are up to 617‐fold higher than after COVID vaccination. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:756–771
Farm systems that produce good water quality for drinking water supplies

Safe drinking water is vital for human health. Diffuse pollution of nitrogen and pesticides from agriculture is the main obstacle to meet drinking water quality targets. Policies to protect drinking water resources have not achieved a consistent effectiveness in all member states. The objective of FAIRWAY is to review policy, governance and farm water management approaches to protect drinking water resources in the EU and to identify and further develop innovative measures and governance approaches which will simultaneously increase the sustainability of agriculture. The FAIRWAY partners form a unique blend of researchers, farm advisers and consultancies and is built on 13 case studies (‘living labs’) in 11 different EU countries, which will form the core of a multi-actor platform, underpinning all FAIRWAY work packages. Equally important is the upscaling of successful practices from case studies to the regional, national, and EU scales, emphasising the role of effective communication and extension tools developed in FAIRWAY. The outputs will provide a blueprint for multi-actor engagement across different scales, which will allow agriculture and water policies to be addressed in a more integrated way. FAIRWAY will i) increase the scientific understanding of the relationship between agriculture and drinking water protection, ii) increase the understanding for the social, technical and economic barriers to practical implementing of measures (iii) deliver innovative measures and tools to overcome these barriers, iv) develop protocols and data-sets for monitoring of farming practices and water quality, v) develop effective governance approaches for small to large water supplies, and vi) increase awareness and involvement of farmers and other citizens in the monitoring and governance of water supplies. The FAIRWAY results will be widely disseminated to a range of targeted audiences using state-of-the-art technologies, social media and workshops.
Efficient computational methods for active flow control using adjoint sensitivities

Active Flow Control (AFC) mechanisms have tremendous potential in improving flow characteristics in a wide variety of sectors. For effective AFC design, it is essential to determine the sensitivity of each of the control parameters to the flow property of interest. Adjoint methods provide the sensitivity of the objective function to any number of input parameters at a reasonable additional cost. They are based on simple RANS turbulence modelling, which captures poorly the physics of flow especially in the presence of complex flow features such as flow separation, which can be effectively eliminated by flow control. Recently developed Reynolds Stress Models (RSM) display significant improvement in the flow prediction capacity as compared to conventional RANS models, yet adjoints with RSM are not yet available. An alternative for accurate flow prediction is Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Unfortunately resolving the chaotic turbulent motion results in exponential growth of the gradients.

Our first objective is to develop an effective discrete adjoint method with an accurate and stable RSM, and compute sensitivities in complex flows involving  active control mechanism applied to realistic wing geometries. Although RSM outperforms conventional turbulence models in a host of applications, there is a need for further physics-based calibration for specific flows. Our second objective is to use the adjoint method to drive the model coefficients to their optimum value such that the model results match with high-fidelity simulation data yielding a better turbulence model, which can be applied for effective flow control design in bluff body with severe rear flow separation. Our third objective will be to develop adjoint approaches for chaotic LES flows using the hosting groups' innovative gappy checkpointing approach that retains the accuracy of the LES but regularises the chaotic motion for the reverse adjoint pass, hence avoiding the exponential blowup of the sensitivities.
WHIPSTOCK ORIENTATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

A whipstock assembly (10) and method of operation is disclosed that automatically orients itself within a wellbore (12) to a known first rotational position. The whipstock assembly (10) is mounted on bearings (14, 16, 18, 20) that permit free rotation of the whipstock assembly (10) within the wellbore (12). Due to gravitational forces, the eccentric weight load of the whipstock (22) will automatically orient itself on the low side of the wellbore (12). A lower orientation section (30) of the whipstock assembly (10) is clamped into that a first rotational position such as by a lower packer and/or slips. The whipstock (22) is then rotated to the desired orientation by reciprocating the wellbore string (55). The whipstock (22) is then clamped into the desired rotational position by activating an upper packer and/or slips. The running tool (50) is removed and drilling or milling can be initiated.