SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Application of constraint and the control strategy description language in system analysis

Power constraints and security policy description language (specification) for power grid operation control method and automatic safety device control strategies are described in a new high performance electronic logic description language. Switching method description language is mainly used in the electronic power system operation and control operation information. It consists of an external reference, the macro definition, logical relationship, operation constraints and security control strategy CIM/E format (hereinafter referred to as E) is composed of four parts. At present, the language is becoming a standard and has been widely used in China State Grid Corp internal automation system, security system, protection system, Either from the power grid management or technology is calculated from the power grid stability which has great significance, Will be widely used in security check, DTS, intelligent alarm, stability control system of electric power dispatching application etc.
Numerical and model research on the hydrodynamic performance of FDPSO with single point mooring system

Because the environment condition of the South China Sea is very severe, the position system of FDPSO is a topic worthy of study. In this paper, numerical method and model test are adopted to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of FDPSO with single point mooring system. Frequency domain method and time domain coupled analysis are involved in the numerical calculation. The hydrodynamic coefficients, wave exciting force and response amplitude operator are obtained from the frequency domain analysis. The motion character of FDPSO in one-year and a hundred year return period sea states of the South China Sea are acquired by time domain coupled method. The model tests are carried out in the Deepwater Offshore Basin in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, which are composed of free decay tests, white noise tests and irregular wave tests. The numerical results are compared with the test results to verify the numerical model. The hydrodynamic performance of FDPSO with single point mooring system in operating condition and extreme condition of the South China Sea are studied.
Electrostatics analysis of the mutational and pH effects of the N-terminal domain self-association of the major ampullate spidroin

Spider silk is a fascinating material combining mechanical properties such as maximum strength and high toughness comparable or better than man-made materials, with biocompatible degradability characteristics. Experimental measurements have shown that pH triggers the dimer formation of the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the major ampullate spidroin 1 (MaSp 1). A coarse-grained model accounting for electrostatics, van der Waals and pH-dependent charge-fluctuation interactions, by means of Monte Carlo simulations, gave us a more comprehensive view of the NTD dimerization process. A detailed analysis of the electrostatic properties and free energy derivatives for the NTD homoassociation was carried out at different pH values and salt concentrations for the protein wild type and for several mutants. We observed an enhancement of dipole-dipole interactions at pH 6 due to the ionization of key amino acids, a process identified as the main driving force for dimerization. Analytical estimates based on the DVLO theory framework corroborate our findings. Molecular dynamics simulations using the OPEP coarse-grained force field for proteins show that the mutant E17Q is subject to larger structural fluctuations when compared to the wild type. Estimates of the association rate constants for this mutant were evaluated by the Debye-Smoluchowski theory and are in agreement with the experimental data when thermally relaxed structures are used instead of the crystallographic data. Our results can contribute to the design of new mutants with specific association properties.
Energy-Efficient membranes for carbon capture by crystal engineering of two-dimensional nanoporous materials

The EU integrated strategic energy technology plan, SET-plan, in its 2016 progress report, has called for urgent measures on the carbon capture, however, the high energy-penalty and environmental issues related to the conventional capture process (amine-based scrubbing) has been a major bottleneck. High-performance membranes can reduce the energy penalty for the capture, are environment-friendly (no chemical is used, no waste is generated), can intensify chemical processes, and can be employed for the capture in a decentralized fashion. However, a technological breakthrough is needed to realize such chemically and thermally stable, high-performance membranes. This project seeks to develop the ultimate high-performance membranes for H2/CO2 (pre-combustion capture), CO2/N2 (post-combustion capture), and CO2/CH4 separations (natural gas sweetening). Based on calculations, these membranes will yield a gigantic gas permeance (1 and 0.1 million GPU for the H2 and the CO2 selective membranes, respectively), 1000 and 10-fold higher than that of the state-of-the-art polymeric and nanoporous membranes, respectively, reducing capital expenditure per unit performance and the needed membrane area. For this, we introduce three novel concepts, combining the top-down and the bottom-up crystal engineering approaches to develop size-selective, chemically and thermally stable, nanoporous two-dimensional membranes. First, exfoliated nanoporous 2d nanosheets will be stitched in-plane to synthesize the truly-2d membranes. Second, metal-organic frameworks will be confined across a nanoporous 2d matrix to prepare a composite 2d membrane. Third, atom-thick graphene films with tunable, uniform and size-selective nanopores will be crystallized using a novel thermodynamic equilibrium between the lattice growth and etching. Overall, the innovative concepts developed here will open up several frontiers on the synthesis of high-performance membranes for a wide-range of separation processes.
Labor Law Reforms in Greece during the Eurozone Crisis: Here to Stay?

Greece has formally exited its 3rd and last bailout program after having gone through hundreds of structural reforms, a major transformation of its labor market and labor law regime, and harsh societal consequences to adjust to the debt crisis. Nevertheless, most of the austerity measures are still in force and developments in that regard are still unclear. This study goes back to the events that marked the Greek labor law regime during the crisis by reviewing the rich academic literature on the topic aims to shed light at the rather complicated issue of the implications of austerity on labor law, and to stimulate a further debate on future postcrisis prospects. In particular, it briefly examines the precrisis Greek labor market and labor law regime, identifies the main individual and collective labor law reforms undertaken to address the crisis, and concludes with critical remarks.
PRODUCTION AND USE OF CYANOGUANIDINE AND CYANAMIDE

The present invention is concerned with a method of producing a composition comprising cyanoguanidine, the method comprising (a) using a source of energy to react a metal oxide with a source of carbon to produce a finely divided metal carbide at an elevated temperature and immediately reacting the hot finely divided metal carbide with nitrogen gas to form a metal cyanamide. In embodiments the method comprises the step of (b) reacting the metal cyanamide, together with any unreacted metal carbide, with water to decompose the metal carbide into acetylene and acetylene-related compounds and metal hydroxide. Furthermore, energy can be derived from the reaction by (c) combusting the acetylene and acetylene- related compounds to release energy. Furthermore metal hydroxide can be recovered from the process by (d) separating the metal cyanamide and the metal hydroxide for recycling in the production process. The cyanoguanidine can then be used, for example, as a fertilizer.
Consciousness & the Thermodynamics of Life

An argument based on the holographic principle and the nature of dark energy discusses the possible connection between consciousness and the thermodynamics of life. The nature of life is discussed in terms of symmetry breaking and the behavior of a biological organism that is far away from thermodynamic equilibrium. Only the holographic principle can address these issues since it tells us the point particle description of the world is at best a thermal average with a limited range of validity. The big mysteries are where does the dark energy come from that gives rise to an observable holographic world animated on and projected from the observer's horizon, and where does the differentiated consciousness of the observer at the central point of view of its world come from when this holographic projection and animation process begins?
The Dramatist and His Praxis: A Comparative Study of the Political Involvments of Ogunde and Soyinka in Nigeria

There seems to be a comparable personal circumstance between the Attic dramatist, Euripides, and the Nigerian dramatist, Wole Soyinka on one hand, and between Soyinka and the popular dramatist, Hubert Ogunde on the other. They all appeared to be actively involved in the politics of their time and society. However, Ogunde’s role seem to have been underplayed, perhaps, because he was, like Shakespeare of the Elizabethan era, looked down upon on account of his little learning by the university wits of Cambridge and Oxford, notably Robert Green. Emerging at the time he did and a contemporary of the university trained Soyinka, this paper asks, Was Hubert Ogunde an upstart Crow? It takes a look at the political involvements of Soyinka and Ogunde and makes the point that Ogunde developed a more appropriate style for reaching his audiences. LWATI: A Journal of Contemporary Research , 8(2), 153-166, 2011
Geopolitical transformation of the Kaliningrad oblast of the Russian Federation

24 After the World War II, the part of East Prussia taken by the Soviet Union was transformed into a gigantic Soviet military base. It performed the functions of the outpost in the West on the one hand; and on the other hand, of the barrier which helped the USSR to ensure the dependence of the Eastern Baltics and domination in Poland. After the Cold War, Kaliningrad Oblast, a territory of 15,000 square metres with a population of nearly one million people, owned by the Russian Federation and located the farthest to the West, although on the Baltic Sea, ashore became isolated from the motherland and turned into an exclave. Gradually the exclave found itself first at the crossroads of different security structures and later — surrounded by one of them. Changes in the situation gave rise to the so-called Kaliningrad discourse, i. e. political decisions, academic discussions and research, influenced by the internal transformation in the USSR and the Russian Federation (RF) as well as slips in the international policies of Central and Eastern Europe.
[The calix[4]arene C-107 is highly effective supramolecular inhibitor of the Na+,K(+)-ATPase of plasma membranes].

The inhibition of the Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity of the myometrium cell plasma membranes with calixarene C-107 (5,17-diamino(2-pyridyl) methylphosphono-11,23-di-tret-butyl-26,28-dihydroxy-25,27-dipropoxycalix[4]arene) was investigated. It has been shown that calixarene C-107 reduced the Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity more efficiently than ouabain did, while it did not practically influence the "basal" Mg(2+)-ATPase activity of the same membrane. The magnitude of the cofficient of inhibition I0.5 was 33 +/- 4 nM, Hill coefficient was 0.38 +/- 0.06. The model calixarene C-150--the calixarene "scaffold" (26,28-dihydroxy-25,27-dipropoxycalix[4]arene), and the model compound M-3 (4-hydroxyaniline(2-pyridine)methylphosphonic acid)--a fragment of the calixarene C-107, had practically no influence on the enzymatic activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase. We carried out the computer simulation of interaction of calixarenes C-107 and the mentioned model compound with ligand binding sites of the Na+,K(+)-ATPase of plasma membrane and structure foundation of their intermolecular interaction was found out. The participation of hydrogen, hydrophobic, electrostatic and pi-pi (stacking) interaction between calixarene and enzyme aminoacid residues, some of which are located near the active center of Na+,K(+)-ATPase, was discussed.
New chemical tools for precision glycotherapy

Glycosylation, the expression of carbohydrate structures on proteins and lipids, is found in all the domains of life. The collection of all glycans found on a cell is called the “glycome” which is information rich and a key player in a plethora of physiological and pathological processes. The information that the glycome holds can be written, read and erased by glycosyltransferases, lectins and glycosidases, respectively. The immense structural complexity and the fact that glycan biosynthesis is not under direct genetic control makes it very difficult to study the glycome.
 
The glycosylation pattern of cancer cells is very different from that of healthy cells. It is still unclear whether aberrant glycosylation of cancer cells is a cause or consequence of tumorigenesis but it is associated with aggressive and invasive forms of cancer and hence poor prognosis. Malignant glycans are directly involved in a number of mechanisms that suppress the immune response, increase migration and extravasation (metastasis), block apoptosis and increase resistance to chemotherapy.
 
The aim of this proposal is develop new glycomimetics that can be used to edit the glycome of cancer cells to target such evasive mechanisms. Using combinations of new glycan based inhibitors, a coordinated attack on the cancer glycome can be carried out which is expected to severely cripple the cancers ability to grow and metastasize. This will make the tumor more susceptible to immune mediated killing which may be further enhanced in combination with other anti-cancer strategies.

To minimize systemic side effects, new methods for the local delivery/activation of glycan inhibitors will be developed. The developed methods are expected to have a much broader than just cancer alone since the studied mechanisms are also associated with autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease.
Washing machine having detergent supply device and method of controlling the same

A washing machine that performs refresh washing in which smell or mold that permeates laundry can be removed, and a method of controlling the washing machine. When clothes that are kept for a long time without being worn or laundries that are hardly contaminated due to a short wearing time are washed, a refresh washing course in which various smell or mold that permeates laundry can be removed using a very small amount of detergent, is performed. Thus, overuse of detergent caused by an excessive use of detergent can be prevented, and since the necessity for rinsing is low due to the use of the very small amount of detergent, an intermediate dehydration operation may be omitted, or an intermediate dehydration revolutions per minute (rpm) may be reduced so that washing and rinsing operations do not need to be excessively performed and thus damage of laundry is reduced.
On the diffuse interstellar bands and the local interstellar medium

This thesis presents results from four different studies on the diffuse interstellar bands and the local interstellar medium.
Firstly, a detailed investigation into the profile of the λ6614 diffuse interstellar band (DIB) is presented, which was aimed at ascertaining the origin of the observed fine structure and overall band shape, and why both of these properties change between a number of different lines-of-sight. A new method for normalising DIBs is described, and revealed new information about how the λ6614 band evolves between lines-of-sight. Observations and modelling of the DIB profile towards HD 147889 suggests that this line-of-sight has the highest internal excitation of the carrier, which accounts for its greater width and additional structure.
As a continuation of this project, a further fifteen DIB profiles were examined towards HD 179406 and HD 147889, some of which are thought to correlate with the column density of the C2 molecule. It was shown that HD 179406 and HD 147889 demonstrated almost identical band profiles for the ‘C2’ DIBs, which differed considerably to the ‘non-C2’ DIBs investigated in this study. Analysis presented in this chapter strongly supports the idea that the ‘C2’ DIBs form a distinct class, and the normalisation method used provides a new criterion for validating whether a DIB may be classed as a ‘C2’ DIB.
A study of small-scale structure in the ultraviolet (UV) region towards three stars within the ρ Ophiuchus system was undertaken using observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, to deduce column densities of atomic and molecular species, and to obtain physical parameters such as density and kinetic temperature through chemical modelling. The biggest absorption differences were found within the C2 molecule profile, and it was found that the medium in which C2 molecules reside is denser towards ρ Oph A and ρ Oph B than ρ Oph D. Modelling additional species, such as Fe I and Fe II which are also thought to be present in the data, may help to further characterise the ISM towards these three stars.
Optical and near-infrared (IR) observations of Herschel 36 were undertaken using the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) and Gemini North. The aim of this project was to investigate the full DIB spectrum along this unusual sight-line, and determine how many DIBs were present and how many demonstrate the behaviour previously observed. A number of issues arose with the optical observations and the data reduction processes, meaning that the overall aim was not fully realised. However, observations from Gemini North showed more promise but did not detect either near-IR DIB, although higher S/N observations are recommended to verify their absence.
Beyond bias and discrimination: redefining the AI ethics principle of fairness in healthcare machine-learning algorithms

The increasing implementation of and reliance on machine-learning (ML) algorithms to perform tasks, deliver services and make decisions in health and healthcare have made the need for fairness in ML, and more specifically in healthcare ML algorithms (HMLA), a very important and urgent task. However, while the debate on fairness in the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) and in HMLA has grown significantly over the last decade, the very concept of fairness as an ethical value has not yet been sufficiently explored. Our paper aims to fill this gap and address the AI ethics principle of fairness from a conceptual standpoint, drawing insights from accounts of fairness elaborated in moral philosophy and using them to conceptualise fairness as an ethical value and to redefine fairness in HMLA accordingly. To achieve our goal, following a first section aimed at clarifying the background, methodology and structure of the paper, in the second section, we provide an overview of the discussion of the AI ethics principle of fairness in HMLA and show that the concept of fairness underlying this debate is framed in purely distributive terms and overlaps with non-discrimination, which is defined in turn as the absence of biases. After showing that this framing is inadequate, in the third section, we pursue an ethical inquiry into the concept of fairness and argue that fairness ought to be conceived of as an ethical value. Following a clarification of the relationship between fairness and non-discrimination, we show that the two do not overlap and that fairness requires much more than just non-discrimination. Moreover, we highlight that fairness not only has a distributive but also a socio-relational dimension. Finally, we pinpoint the constitutive components of fairness. In doing so, we base our arguments on a renewed reflection on the concept of respect, which goes beyond the idea of equal respect to include respect for individual persons. In the fourth section, we analyse the implications of our conceptual redefinition of fairness as an ethical value in the discussion of fairness in HMLA. Here, we claim that fairness requires more than non-discrimination and the absence of biases as well as more than just distribution; it needs to ensure that HMLA respects persons both as persons and as particular individuals. Finally, in the fifth section, we sketch some broader implications and show how our inquiry can contribute to making HMLA and, more generally, AI promote the social good and a fairer society.
HIGH POWER MINIATURE DEMAND POWER SUPPLY

A miniature power supply and voltage regulator (16) containing a ceramic substrate with conductive metal bonded to the top and bottom of the substrate. The power supply contains a first device for converting alternating current to direct current (12), a device means for converting alternating current to direct current (18), a device for determining the current demands of a load, and a device for delivering the current demands to the load. The said power supply and voltage regulator has a power handling capability of at least 23 watts per square inch of surface area.
Advanced finite element modeling of arterial stent placement procedures

Arterial stenting has become a very important and successful intervention in vascular surgery. One of the most common scenarios includes so-called stent grafts, which are usually composed of a special fabric and supported by a metal stent mesh. Such stent grafts are used in endovascular repair (EVAR) to support weak spots and localized bulges (aneurysms) in an artery being at risk of rupture, most commonly for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The stent graft strengthens the weakened region of the arterial wall and excludes the AAA from blood flow and blood pressure. Over the last decade, an enormous thrust of research with regard to computational analysis of biomedical engineering problems in general, and with regard to hemodynamics, vascular mechanics and stent placement in particular has taken place. While significant progress has been made in all mentioned fields, computational analysis of stent placement using finite element methods (FEM) is still not predictive enough to give specific advice to vascular surgeons on how to optimally place the stent graft during EVAR. Instead, this decision is mostly based on the experience of the vascular surgeon. Risks of stent placement include a movement of the stent away from the desired location (migration), leaking of blood around stent grafts (endoleakage) and damage of the arterial wall caused by the stent itself. The main objective of the proposed research project is the development, implementation and validation of advanced FEM tools for stent placement simulation. The long-term vision is to be able to provide vascular surgeons with unprecedented predictive capabilities regarding the optimal choice of a patient-specific stent design (size, geometry, etc.) and stent positioning in order to safeguard against the risks mentioned above.