SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Engineering the central biosynthetic and secondary metabolic pathways of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA1201 to improve phenazine-1-carboxylic acid production

The secondary metabolite phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) is an important component of the newly registered biopesticide Shenqinmycin. We used a combined method involving gene, promoter, and protein engineering to modify the central biosynthetic and secondary metabolic pathways in the PCA-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PA1201. The PCA yield of the resulting strain PA-IV was increased 54.6-fold via the following strategies: (1) blocking PCA conversion and enhancing PCA efflux pumping; (2) increasing metabolic flux towards the PCA biosynthetic pathway through the over-production of two DAHP synthases and blocking the synthesis of 21 secondary metabolites; (3) increasing the PCA precursor supply through the engineering of five chorismate-utilizing enzymes; (4) engineering the promoters of two PCA biosynthetic gene clusters. Strain PA-IV produced 9882 mg/L PCA in fed-batch fermentation, which is twice as much as that produced by the current industrial strain. Strain PA-IV was also genetically stable and comparable to Escherichia coli in cytotoxicity.
Protective Effects of Vitamin C and NAC on the Toxicity of Rifampin on Hepg2 Cells.

Rifampin, an antibiotic widely used for the treatment of mycobacterial infections, produces hepatic, renal and bone marrow toxicity in human and animals. In this study, the protective effects of vitamin C and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the toxicity of rifampin on HepG2 cells were investigated. Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were cultured in 96-well M of rifampin in the presence of microplate and exposed to 10, 20, 50 and 100 vitamin C (0.1 mg/mL) and NAC (0.2 mg/mL). Protective effect of the two drugs against rifampin toxicity was assessed by MTT assay. Results show that both vitamin C and NAC significantly inhibited HepG2 cellular damage due to rifampin, and vitamin C was relatively more potent than NAC. Rifampin is metabolized by the liver and its toxic metabolites are responsible for the drug›s hepatic toxicity. Based on our results, it seems that reactive metabolites are the main agents responsible for rifampin hepatotoxicity. The importance of this finding is that if vitamin C or NAC do not affect the antibacterial activity of rifampin, they could be used as preventive agents in rifampin users.
Effect of Temperature on the Residual Stresses in an Integral Structure with a Crack-Retarding Patch

The application of bonded 'straps' has been proposed for extending the fatigue life of aircraft structures, particularly for integral structures with low inherent crack-retarding capability. A potential disadvantage in the use of bonded crack retarders is the difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion between the strap and substrate materials, which causes residual stresses when the temperature deviates from the curing or assembly temperature. The evolution of these stresses in flight is important to take into account to accurately assess the fatigue crack growth behaviour of the structure. In this work, the residual strains in an aluminium compact-tension sample adhesively reinforced with a titanium strap have been measured with neutron diffraction and modelled with a finite element approach at room temperature and at −50 °C. It was found that a linear elastic approach could accurately be used to predict the residual stresses. The residual stresses were found to be about twice as large at −50 °C as at room temperature.
Decoding the molecular mechanisms driving host adaptation of yellow rust on cereal crops and grasses

Yellow rust (YR) disease is a major threat to cereal crops and grasses worldwide, causing significant losses to the global wheat harvest each year. The long-term aim of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with enhanced resistance to YR. To do this, it is essential to understand host specificity - the ability of the pathogen to specialize on particular grass hosts, coupled with the ability of the host to resist infection by different strains of YR.

I recently pioneered a field-based 'pathogenomics' approach to enable a comprehensive evaluation of the genetic diversity of YR. This new method provides unparalleled resolution of the pathogen population that can identify gene families associated with the ability to cause disease on all the major hosts of YR in Europe, namely wheat barley, rye, triticale and cocksfoot grass. Using this approach, I previously uncovered a genetically distinct population of YR on triticale and showed that these isolates contained gene clusters that were specifically expressed in all isolates identified on triticale and had no or negligible levels of expression in all wheat YR isolates.

In this ERC project, I will use the pathogenomics approach to collect an extensive dataset of YR on all its major hosts, aiming to characterise genomic regions and the genes they encode to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms that drive host specialization and adaptation. I will then assess changes at the transcriptomic level in closely related host-specialized YR races to provide insights into how pathogens adapt to new hosts. In parallel, I will identify host targets of effectors from YR to resolve the underlying molecular processes that are targeted by the pathogen to enable successful host-specific colonization. I will then disrupt the function of these host targets using precision genome editing to determine their contribution to YR pathogenicity and reveal novel susceptibility genes that are essential for pathogen progression.
METHOD FOR THE CREATION OF CLEARANCE HOLES

According to this invention, slots are made on the plane of any material; the depth of these slots is equal to half the thickness of the plane, plus the length of the radius of the stay bolt or stud to be entered, plus a tolerance margin; the slots have the required length and are made on two or more sides of the plane, in an alternate manner, so that the slot made on one side overlaps by a few millimeters the slot made on the opposite side, creating in such a way the space for the passage of a stay bolt and stud that serves as the anchorage for the various pieces that make up to object to be realized.
NuPow: Managing Power on NUMA Multiprocessors with Domain-Level Voltage and Frequency Control

Power management and task placement pose two of the greatest challenges for future many-core processors in data centers. With hundreds of cores on a single die, cores experience varying memory latencies and cannot individually regulate voltage and frequency, therefore calling for new approaches to scheduling and power management. This work presents NuPow, a hierarchical scheduling and power management framework for architectures with multiple cores per voltage and frequency domain and non-uniform memory access (NUMA) properties. NuPow considers the conflicting goals of grouping virtual machines (VMs) with similar load patterns while also placing them as close as possible to the accessed data. Implemented and evaluated on existing hardware, NuPow achieves significantly better performance per watt compared to competing approaches.
CORE-SHEATH FILAMENTS AND METHODS OF PRINTING AN ADHESIVE

A core-sheath filament having a non-tacky sheath and a hot-melt processable adhesive core, the sheath exhibiting a melt flow index of less than 15 grams per 10 minutes, is provided. Methods of making the core-sheath filament and methods of using the core-sheath filament to print a hot-melt processable adhesive onto a primer-treated substrate surface to provide a structural bond are described.
Tertiary aryloxyalkanoyl aminoalkylamines

The invention comprises compounds of <FORM:1036272/C2/1> wherein Ar is a phenyl group optionally substituted by a methylenedioxy group, one or two C1- 4 alkyl groups or halogen atoms of which at most one is in the ortho-position with respect to the aminoalkylaminoalkoxy residue, or one or two C1- 4 alkoxy, nitro or trifluoromethyl groups, R1 is a hydrogen atom or a C1- 4 alkyl group, and n is 0, 1 or 2, acid addition salts thereof, and their preparation by reaction of the appropriate aryloxyacetyl chloride with the appropriate amine. The compounds of the invention have anti-tussive activity. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 942,761.
Stronger selection can slow down evolution driven by recombination on a smooth fitness landscape

Stronger selection implies faster evolution---that is, the greater the force, the faster the change. This apparently self-evident proposition, however, is derived under the assumption that genetic variation within a population is primarily supplied by mutation (i.e.\ mutation-driven evolution). Here, we show that this proposition does not actually hold for recombination-driven evolution, i.e.\ evolution in which genetic variation is primarily created by recombination rather than mutation. By numerically investigating population genetics models of recombination, migration and selection, we demonstrate that stronger selection can slow down evolution on a perfectly smooth fitness landscape. Through simple analytical calculation, this apparently counter-intuitive result is shown to stem from two opposing effects of natural selection on the rate of evolution. On the one hand, natural selection tends to increase the rate of evolution by increasing the fixation probability of fitter genotypes. On the other hand, natural selection tends to decrease the rate of evolution by decreasing the chance of recombination between immigrants and resident individuals. As a consequence of these opposing effects, there is a finite selection pressure maximizing the rate of evolution. Hence, stronger selection can imply slower evolution if genetic variation is primarily supplied by recombination.
Exploring the shell structure of exotic sn isotopes with an active target

The MagicTin proposal aims at the use of a new generation active target detector (ACTAR) to study the shell evolution in exotic Sn isotopes. The goal of this project is to commission the ACTAR demonstrator, optimizing it for the neutron-rich beams produced at the forthcoming second generation radioactive ion beam facilities.
Worldwide, the availability of exotic ion beams is providing new insight on the evolution of nuclear shells far from beta stability, advancing our understanding of the nuclear force. Measuring transfer reactions, in particular 134Sn(d,p)135Sn, will allow to search for signatures of the existence of a new sub-shell closure at N=90 and to study, in this very neutron-rich region, the nucleon-nucleon interaction in the nuclear medium coupled to the continuum.
Experiments where conventional techniques cannot be employed due to low-beam intensities will become feasible using the ACTAR device. This consists of a time projection chamber where the gas is used both as target material and as reaction products detector. Thanks to the fact that the interaction point lies inside the gas volume, very low detection thresholds can be obtained. Detection efficiency is also remarkably improved and this is essential when dealing with low intensity exotic beams.
The beneficiary institution is deeply involved in the ACTAR development and the supervisor is managing an ERC project that aims at coupling ACTAR with gamma-ray detectors. Through the MagicTin project, the experienced researcher will have the possibility to learn the ACTAR technology, deeply contributing to the setup of the device for the exotic Sn physics case. Moreover, the experienced researcher (ER) will exploit his experience on scintillators to contribute in the development of the gamma-ray detectors. The ER will be also in charge of a commissioning experiment with the 120Sn stable beam: this task will allow him to re-enforce his research independence and maturity.
Green enantioselective halogenation for drug discovery and manufacture

The aim of this project is to bring together subject matter experts from the academic and non-academic sectors to develop and exemplify the use of new catalysts and new green reactions to manufacture important halogenated compounds that could be used in drug discovery and drug production. 
In order to achieve this objective the proposal brings together 3 partners with complementary skills:
University of Naples (UNINA): expertise in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.
KelAda Pharmachem: expertise in green chemistry, chemical batch process development and scale-up.
UCO: expertise in process engineering of continuous flow processes.
We have broken this proposal into the following separate technical Work Packages:

WP1: Preparation of new catalysts for efficient desymmetrization [WP Leader: UNINA].

WP2: Development of enantiospecific halogenation including Fluorination. [WP Leader: Kelada Pharmachem].

WP3 Drug Candidate, library creation & in vitro testing. [WP Leader: Kelada Pharmachem]

WP4 Development of flow variant and scale-up.[WP Leader: UCO}

The above WP's will be undertaken via a series of interlinked secondment of researchers between the consortium partners and will be complemented by a series of training and other initiatives to facilitate interdisciplinary and inter-sectoral knowledge sharing and exchange.
Determination of multi element levels in leaves and herbal teas from Turkey by ICP-OES

We have determined the amount of some heavy metals (Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr and Zn) contained in 18 herbal tea samples that had been bought from local markets where different parts of plants (leaves or flowers) are consumed especially for medical purposes in Turkey by ICP-OES. The validity of the analytical procedure was checked by analyzing INCT-TL-1 CRM certified reference material. The results from the analysis of CRM were all within the 95% reliability limit. The experiment results comply with the values reported in the literature. The wet decomposition method was used to solubilize the metals. The amount of the heavy metal that had passed to the tea via infusion has also been determined. The lowest and highest amounts of the metals found are: Al 268.0±0.6 and 2164.0±0.6 µg/g, Ba 3.0±0.1 and 101.0±0.6 µg/g, Cr 2.0±0.1 and 8.0±0.1 µg/g, Cu 5.0±0.2 and 64.0±0.8 µg/g, Fe 18.0±0.1 and 1471.0±0.3 µg/g, Mn 121.0±0.4 and 657.0±0.7 µg/g, Ni 2.0±0.1 and 17.0±0.3 µg/g, Sr 6.0±0.2 and 82.0±0.2 µg/g, Zn 15.0±0.1 and 103.0±0.4 µg/g. Cd, Pb and Co were not detected in the tea samples studied. KEY WORDS : Herbal tea, ICP-OES, Multi element, Turkey Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2014 , 28(1), 9-16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v28i1.2
Method and apparatus for fast transfer of data in recording and reproducing system

A fast data transfer system capable of eliminating the need to extremely increase the necessary transmission frequency band for the high-density recording and fast revolution rate of data recording and reproducing system has a recording and reproduced signal processor (124) including an encoder/decoder (103), a disk enclosure (108) including a parallel-to-serial converter (104), a record head (114), and a serial-to-parallel converter (119), and a transmission cable (117), and makes recording parallel data transfer from the encoder/decoder (103) to a recording amplifier (109) by shifting the phases of a plurality of recording signals and reproduced parallel data from the serial-to-parallel converter (119) to the encoder/decoder (103) by shifting the phases of a plurality of reproduced signals. The necessary transmission frequency on the transmission cable can be reduced by this parallel data transfer on the transmission cable. In addition, a record timing correction circuit (203) can be provided on a parallel data transfer path.
SENTINEL: Nuovo biosensore iniettabile per il monitoraggio a distanza continuo di pazienti oncologici ad alto rischio di ricaduta

Questo progetto fa parte del tema "nanomateriali per nuovi mercati", in quanto dovrebbe sviluppare un nano-biosensore impiantabile minimamente invasivo da utilizzare per la sorveglianza precoce dei tumori in pazienti con carcinoma della prostata postoperatorio.
Research on the margin of futures markets and the policy spillover effect

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the change of margin in Chinese futures markets has policy spillover effects.Design/methodology/approach – The paper constructs a model based on Harzmark and on Chng, taking Chinese futures markets status quo as a single species and restrictions on foreign investment into consideration, introduces the assumptions of spillover effect of speculators, then obtains investor's demand function. Subsequently, the effects of Shanghai Futures Exchange's 11 instances of margin changing are analyzed.Findings – The paper finds that in the Chinese futures market, margin changing has impact on the open interest (OI) and the speculator spillover effect is validated.Research limitations/implications – The irrational behavior of investors in markets is not taken into account in the model and data about spillover speculators were not directly available.Originality/value – The paper usefully analyzes the effects of the Shanghai Futures Exchange's 11 instances of ...
Computational modelling for personalised treatment of congenital craniofacial abnormalities

Craniosynostosis is a group of congenital craniofacial abnormalities consisting in premature fusion (ossification) of one or more cranial sutures during infancy. This results in growth restriction perpendicular to the axis of the suture and promotes growth parallel to it, causing physical deformation of the cranial and facial skeleton, as well as distortion of the underling brain, with potential detrimental effects on its function: visual loss, sleep apnoea, feeding and breathing difficulties, and neurodevelopment delay. Conventional management of craniosynostosis involves craniofacial surgery delivered by excision of the prematurely fused sutures, multiple bone cuts and remodelling of the skull deformities, with the primary goal of improving patient function, while normalising their appearance. Cranial vault remodelling surgical procedures, aided by internal and external devices, have proven functionally and aesthetically effective in correcting skull deformities, but final results remain unpredictable and often suboptimal because of an incomplete understanding of the biomechanical interaction between the device and the skull.
The overall aim of this grant is to create a validated and robust computational framework that integrates patient information and device design to deliver personalised care in paediatric craniofacial surgery in order to improve clinical outcomes. A virtual model of the infant skull with craniosynostosis, including viscoelastic properties and mechano-biology regulation, will be developed to simulate device implantation and performance over time, and will be validated using clinical data from patient populations treated with current devices. Bespoke new devices will be designed allowing for pre-programmed 3D shapes to be delivered with continuous force during the implantation period. Patient specific skull models will be used to virtually test and optimise the personalised devices, and to tailor the surgical approach for each individual case.
Comparison of disodium octaborate tetrahydrate-based and tannin-boron-based formulations as fire retardant for wood structures

Boron-based formulations are used to improve the service life of timber. On the one hand, boron-treated wood increases resistance to biological attacks (e.g. by fungi and insects), and on the other hand, it renders wood more resistant to burning. In the present study, we analyse the fire behaviour of some water-borne formulations containing boron. A completely inorganic formulation (disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT)) is compared with new-generation tannin-based wood preservatives in which the flavonoid network is used to fix the boron to wood. The study of the fire behaviour was carried out according to four specific fire tests: (i) dripping; (ii) short-term exposure; (iii) long-term exposure and (iv) the limiting oxygen index. The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) specimens treated with DOT have shown a complete efficacy against fire after all tests were completed. It should also be noted that very positive results have also been achieved by the tannin-based solutions. DOT has to be preferred when high performance is required, but exclusively for interior applications. The use of tannin-based formulations can be suitable for outdoor fire protection and also for indoor applications when specific aesthetic requirements should be fulfilled. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An artificial assistant for software developers

Software development, also due to the complexity of software systems, is tackled by collaborating teams of people. For example, in pair programming two developers share a single workstation: One writes code, while the other reviews it and proposes ideas for improvement. While interacting with teammates is the preferred means to obtain help, their availability may fall short and they might not always have a solution at hand. To address this problem, recommender systems for developers have been proposed in the form of applications providing information items considered valuable for a given task and context (e.g., recommending documentation useful to understand a code component). However, these recommenders can hardly be considered as a valid alternative to teammates since they are not proactive, do not support the developer in a wide variety of tasks, do not adapt their recommendations to the developer’s profile, and fall short in having meaningful interactions with the developer (e.g., they are not able to answer developers’ questions).  Given the advances in artificial intelligence, the vision that one day a developer's teammate is a machine does not seem far-fetched anymore. The DEVINTA project aims at making this future a reality, introducing models and techniques serving as the basis for the first artificial assistant supporting developers in their everyday activities. The assistant helps in (i) comprehending unfamiliar code via source code to natural language translation; (ii) writing code faster, providing predictive feature implementation, meaning the ability to infer the feature the developer is implementing and automatically complete it; and (iii) improve code quality, performing online code review while the developer types the code, timely catching bugs and suboptimal implementation choices and providing solutions for them. The assistant uses advanced conversational interfaces to interact with the developer, answer her questions, and disambiguate her needs.
Polyefinic pipe having a chlorinated polyolefinic hollow core

A multi-layered pipe of arbitrary length and cross-section is produced by co-extrusion of a lower polyolefin (C2-C4) outer body over the exterior surface of a tubular core of randomly, partially randomly, or blocky chlorinated lower polyolefin, the core having a wall thickness, measured in the radial direction, in the range from about 0.025 mm to 5 mm. The tubular core is coextensive with essentially the entire length of the pipe. The tubular core comprises a major proportion by weight of the randomly chlorinated polyolefin (r-CPO), or, partially randomly chlorinated polyolefin (pr-CPO), or, a blocky chlorinated polyolefin (b-CPO), any of which may be blended with a minor proportion by weight of a blending ingredient. The r-CPO, pr-CPO or b-CPO, or a blend thereof, each has an extrusion temperature in the same range as that for the corresponding non-halogenated polyolefin, namely in the range from about 150° C. to 250° C. In a preferred embodiment, the outer surface of the core is directly, cohesively bonded to the outer layer's inner surface without an adhesive material; in another embodiment, the core is bonded to an intermediate adhesive layer, the inner surface of which is bonded to the outer surface of the core.