SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Modelado numérico de un elastómero (NBR) sometido a carga axial

Actualmente el mercado de la manufactura de productos exige la mejora de los materiales con menor costo y una mayor calidad. El presente trabajo se realizó en una empresa de giro automotriz en México donde se manufacturan mangueras hidráulicas de alta presión, esta empresa busca innovar los materiales para poder competir contra otras marcas. Realizar productos con nuevos materiales implica realizar pruebas experimentales que implican tiempo y costo. Con este proyecto se buscó reducir el tiempo y el costo de las pruebas analizando el elastómero con herramientas CAD/CAE. El material base de las mangueras es un elastómero, por lo tanto, se realizó una metodología para obtener el modelo numérico con las propiedades hiperelásticas para conocer el comportamiento antes de llevarse a pruebas de construcción. El análisis de elementos finitos se realizó con un software especializado, que permitió el análisis de elastómeros con base a la metodología de la ASTM D412, referente a pruebas de hules vulcanizados sometidos a presión, estableciendo la geometría y las condiciones fronteras. Con el estudio se encontró que modelo constitutivo con mayor aproximación al comportamiento hiperelástico para hules vulcanizados fue el modelo de Marlow.
Simulation of Mathematical Model to Estimate the Cost of Large-Scale Hydraulic Engineering

With the rapid development of engineering construction and gradual introduction of the bidding system, project cost estimation model continues to deepen. How to estimate engineering cost fast and accurately become one of the hot topics currently. In this paper, the characteristics of large-scale water project investment risk is combined to establish a neural network model suited for large-scale water project cost, through quantitating the main features of each category of water conservancy and combining neural network model established to quickly estimate water project cost with the toolbox. After engineering examples show that it is a fast and reliable water project cost estimation method.
Small-scale farmers in a 1.5°C future: The importance of local social dynamics as an enabling factor for implementation and scaling of climate-smart agriculture

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) has the potential to help farmers implement both adaptation and mitigation practices. The mitigation aspect of CSA is often not considered by farmers due to a high discount rate and, as such, adaptation is usually the priority concern. This review article offers perspective on this issue and highlights two key gaps in the literature: (i) understanding of factors related to the uptake of adaptation practices with co-benefits for mitigation and, (ii) the role of social networks to better enable rapid, widespread implementation of CSA, the latter being critical to bringing CSA to scale. The systematic review treated literature on synergies between adaptation, mitigation and social networks in the rural sector, as well as case studies illustrating the importance of social networks in climate change interventions when addressing synergies in adaptation and mitigation. We find that additional research is required that explicitly focuses on how social networks and social capital may be harnessed to hasten the adoption and uptake of highly synergistic CSA practices. This will facilitate both adaptation in the near term and contribute to mitigation at scale, allowing small-scale farmers to both benefit from and contribute to a 1.5°C future.
ACTUATION ASSEMBLIES, HYDRAULICALLY ACTUATED TOOLS FOR USE IN SUBTERRANEAN BOREHOLES INCLUDING ACTUATION ASSEMBLIES AND RELATED METHODS

Actuation assemblies include a valve assembly comprising a valve sleeve configured to rotate to selectively enable fluid flow through at least one aperture in the valve sleeve and into at least one port of an outer sleeve and a ball retention feature configured to selectively retain a ball dropped through a fluid passageway of the valve assembly in order to rotate the valve sleeve. Downhole tools include actuation assemblies. Methods for actuating a downhole tool include receiving a ball in an actuation assembly, rotating a valve sleeve of the actuation assembly to enable fluid to flow through a portion of the actuation assembly, and actuating a portion of the downhole tool with the fluid.
ILCAR S.R.L. — NEW SLICED PRODUCTION LINE AND PRODUCTION LINE ADJUSTMENT FOR EXPORT

THIS PROPOSED INVESTMENT REPRESENTS A CHANCE TO STRENGTHEN AND RESTRUCTURE THE CHARCUTERIE SECTOR AND BE SEEN AS A COMPETITIVE COMPETITOR. WITH THE PROPOSED PROJECT, ILCAR AIMS TO ACHIEVE A TOTAL OF THREE OBJECTIVES: Â TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF ICT
A next generation nanomedia that can be tailored to capture and recycle specific micropollutants in contaminated industrial waste discharge

Customem Ltd is a company founded in 2014 with the long term vision to harness nature’s capacity to make biomaterials to promote human health in alignment with sustainable development goals.A next generation nanomedia that can be tailored to capture and recycle specific micropollutants in contaminated industrial waste dischargeLack of access to clean water is predicted to affect 47% of the world’s population by 2030. Contamination of water supplies by micropollutants such as metal ions, pesticides and pharmaceuticals is a major contributor to this water stress. These pollutants are released by industrial processes in the textile and manufacturing industries. Existing water treatment removes 99.96% of contaminants, but does not remove the 0.04% of micropollutants. Although the remaining contaminants seem small, they are a major problem as they are exceptionally difficult to capture but also highly toxic to humans and animals. CustoMem have developed a customisable selective nanocellulose media called CustoMem Granular Media (CGM) that is bioengineered to capture and remove all micropollutants including the 0.04% that cannot currently be removed.Customers benefit from a simple, low cost, low energy solution that is low maintenance. It allows removal of all micropollutants resulting in clean water supplies. The company is headquartered in the Imperial College Incubator UK and employ 5 full time employees and multiple subcontractors. The company is currently in talks with companies in the EU who have shown an active interest in the project.
Universidade e Política na República de Weimar, o caso Norbert Elias

Este artigo apresenta o contexto político das três principais universidades onde Elias estudou ou trabalhou no período entreguerras. Cada uma delas apresenta um perfil intelectual e político específico. Mais nacionalista e antissemita em Breslau; mais liberal, mas cada vez mais fortemente engajada à direita em Heidelberg; mais esquerdista e aberta ao marxismo em Frankfurt. A comparação entre fontes objetivas e documentos autobiográficos permite explicar por que Elias estava mais ou menos engajado nos debates nessas universidades. Mostra também como ele censurou posteriormente algumas de suas orientações políticas e reconstruiu um constante retrato apolítico de si mesmo nas entrevistas autobiográficas com o objetivo de desfocar suas próprias hesitações, devido à subestimação dos perigos do antissemitismo radical no início dos anos trinta. A comparação com as orientações de alguns dos seus colegas ou discípulos revela por que ele operou essa memória seletiva do passado.&#x0D;
Annual drought flow and groundwater storage trends in the eastern half of the United States during the past two-third century

Low flow drainage from a river system, in the absence of precipitation or snowmelt, derives directly from the water stored in the upstream aquifers in the basin; therefore, observations of the trends of the annual lowest flows can serve to deduce quantitative estimates of the evolution of the basin-scale groundwater storage over the period of the streamflow record. Application of this method has allowed for the first time to determine the magnitudes of the trends in groundwater storage over the past two-third century in some 41 large prototypical basins in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. It was found that during the period 1940–2007 groundwater storage has generally been increasing in most areas; these positive trends were especially pronounced in the Ohio and Upper Mississippi Water Resources Regions, but they were weaker in most other regions. Notable exceptions are the northern New England and especially the South Atlantic-Gulf regions, which saw prolonged declines in groundwater levels over this nearly 70-year long period. These observed long-term trends are generally in agreement with previous studies regarding trends of other components of the water cycle, such as precipitation, total runoff, and terrestrial evaporation. Over the most recent 20 years, from 1988 through 2007, except for the Ohio and the Souris-Red-Rainy regions, most regions have experienced declining average groundwater levels to varying degrees, with maximal values of the order of −0.2 mm a−1.
Evolution of the Sun’s non-axisymmetric toroidal field

Aims. We aim to infer the sub-surface distribution of the Sun's non-axisymmetric azimuthal magnetic flux from observable quantities, such as the surface magnetic field and the large scale plasma flows. Methods. We have built a kinematic flux transport model of the solar dynamo based on the Babcock-Leighton framework. We constructed the source term for the poloidal field using SOLIS magnetograms spanning three solar cycles. Based on this source we calculated the azimuthal flux below the surface. The flux transport model has two free parameters which we constrain using sunspot observations from cycle 22. We compared the model results with observations from cycle 23. Results. The structure of the azimuthal field is mainly axisymmetric. The departures from axisymmetry represent, on average, ~3% of the total azimuthal flux. Owing to its relative weakness, the non-axisymmetric structure of the azimuthal field does not have a significant impact on the location in which the emergences appear or on the amount of flux contained in them. We find that the probability of emergence is a function of the ratio between the flux content of an active region and the underlying azimuthal flux.
The scholar, the jurist, the priest: moderation on the italian peninsula, 1700-1750

As Europe enters the third decade of the 21st Century, moderation is a concept in crisis. Extremism, radicalism and ideological conflict are judged to be in the ascendant, while the moderate middle of political landscapes in a range of European countries has been physically vacated and conceptually hollowed out. This project offers a contribution to the history of moderation as an idea, as a practice, and as a virtue. Modern understandings of moderation were established in the 18th Century, through the fusing of classical and Christian concepts in a new intellectual-religious and political-economic environment. VIA MEDIA ITALICA offers an intellectual historical study of the moderate strata on the Italian peninsula in the first half of the 18th Century, the early Enlightenment. The ambition is to establish moderation as a practice and as a virtue in three different contexts: political moderation; scholarly, or epistemic, moderation; and religious moderation. Each of these contexts will be explored through a networked set of case-studies, founded upon extensive archival research, and orientated around key texts, institutions and thinkers. These three contexts will also be elaborated through a study of Lodovico Antonio Muratori as a religious, scholarly and political thinker, and reinterpreted as a theorist of moderation. This project will offer: a ‘bottom-up’ reinterpretation of the intellectual culture of the Italian peninsula between 1700 and 1750; a new reading of the contributions of L.A. Muratori to the European Enlightenment; and an interrogation of the concept of moderation as a historical and contemporary idea and practice. This project plays an essential role in the researcher’s maturation into an international, independent and interdisciplinary historian of early modern Europe. It also supports his development into a public-facing scholar, through a range of training schemes and the realisation of an extensive programme of public-orientated events.
Solidification of earth's primitive mantle

Earth’s mantle was extensively molten in its first 100 million years. Its solidification left a strong compositional and structural imprint on the mantle, still observable today in the geochemical and geophysical record. Isotopic variations in basalts and ancient crust reveal the existence of one or more mantle reservoirs that formed early in Earth’s history, and never fully remixed. Seismic tomography reveals large, chemically distinct, thermochemical structures in the lowermost mantle, anchored to the source of these anomalous basalts. These observations leave no doubt that the mantle still bears differentiated regions that preserve signatures of its solidification. However, their formation mechanisms and compositional evolution are still unknown. Unravelling those opens a new window in understanding the early stages of Earth and planetary evolution.  The overarching question of this proposal: how did the primitive molten Earth solidify to form a tectonically and geomagnetically active planet? My goal is to address this question by investigating mantle crystallisation in the laboratory, by combining experimental petrology, thermodynamical modelling, and geodynamical simulations in a self-consistent fashion.  I propose to assemble a multidisciplinary team to: (1) experimentally study the crystallisation sequence of relevant silicate melts in the laboratory under P-T conditions extending to those at of the depth of the core-mantle boundary, using a newly developed protocol in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell; (2) use these results to constrain a thermodynamical model of phase relations and compositions, and trace-element partitioning between solids and melts; (3) use DFT calculations to calculate the density and relative buoyancy of these solids and melts; (4) feed the thermodynamics and buoyancy as input to mushy two-phase 3D fluid dynamics simulations, to realistically simulate the dynamical and thermochemical evolution of Earth’s mantle as it solidified.
Sex steroids: beyond conventional dimorphism.

Sexual dimorphism is a characteristic of a large number of species, ranging from lower invertebrates to mammals and, last but not least, humans. Recognition of the various factors regulating sexual dimorphism initial establishment (i.e. sex determination and differentiation) and subsequent life-long adaptation to distinct functional and behavioural patterns has remained a hot topic for several decades. As our understanding of the various molecular pathways involved in this process increases, the significant role of sex steroids becomes more evident. At the same time, the recognition of new sites of steroid production (e.g. parts of the brain) and aromatization, as well as new target cells (owing to the proposed presence of additional receptors to those classically considered as primary steroid receptors) has lead to the need to revisit their spectrum of actions within a novel, multifactorial context. Thus, anthropology and medicine are presented with the challenge to unravel a major mystery, i.e. that of sexual orientation and differentiation and its potential contribution in human evolution and civilization development, taking advantage of the high-tech research tools provided by modern biotechnology. This short review summarizes the basic principles of sex determination and sex steroid function as they have been classically described in the literature and then proceeds to present examples of how modern research methods have started to offer a new insight on the more subtle details of this process, stressing that it is extending to virtually every single part and system of the body.
Combating fiscal fraud and empowering regulators

Since 2008 'fiscal leaks' have become an immediate policy challenge for EU governments, partly as a result of tax abuse. The COFFERS project unfolds as EU tax authorities transition to a new era in tackling tax abuse based upon policy innovation at the OECD, EU and national levels. COFFERS recognizes this creates a state of flux where much tax authority expertise regarding past regulations, systems and practices is now irrelevant and understanding has, instead, to focus upon the on-going change process. Deploying principles of evolutionary political economy COFFERS both studies and is an integral part of this change process. COFFERS recognizes that identifying and tackling the tax gap to relieve inequality is the ultimate aim. Noting the tax gap exists both domestically and internationally and ranges from criminal money laundering to sophisticated tax avoidance, COFFERS benchmarks current understanding of these issues, undertakes comparative analysis of approaches taken to tackle them across EU Member States, and assesses resources being allocated to the task of closing the tax gap. In parallel expert networks in business, the tax profession, secrecy jurisdictions and the criminal economy that develop the mechanisms undermining the expected effectiveness of tax systems will be appraised, especially with regard to responses to regulatory changes taking place. This results in COFFERS outputs that transmit analysis, risk assessment and policy advice. Deliverables of use to EU tax authorities include new tax gap analyses by state, tax risk maps identifying risk by jurisdiction, a new anatomy of money laundering risk, and tools to help tax authorities understand the risks that they face domestically and internationally. COFFERS delivers value for money in enhancing tax yield, effectiveness in creating the tools to achieve that goal, and behavioural change in taxpayers and their advisers as a result of recommendations made, all with the aim of reducing inequality.
Robust and efficient approaches to evaluating side channel and fault attack resilience

Implementing cryptography on embedded devices is an ongoing challenge: every year new implementation flaws are discovered and new attack paths are being used by real life adversaries. Whilst cryptography can guarantee many security properties, it crucially depends on the ability to keep the used keys secret even in face of determined adversaries. 
Over the last two decades a new type of adversary has emerged, able to obtain, from the cryptographic implementation, side channel leakage such as recording of response times, power or EM signals, etc. To account for such adversaries, sophisticated security certification and evaluation methods (Common Criteria, EMVCo, FIPS…) have been established to give users assurance that security claims have withstood independent evaluation and testing. Recently the reliability of these evaluations has come into the spotlight: the Taiwanese citizen card proved to be insecure, and Snowden’s revelations about NSA's tampering with FIPS standards eroded public confidence.
REASSURE will (1) improve the efficiency and quality of all aspects of certification using a novel, structured detect-map-exploit approach that will also improve the comparability of independently conducted evaluations, (2) cater for emerging areas such as the IoT by automating leakage assessment practices in order to allow resistance assessment without immediate access to a testing lab, (3) deliver tools to stakeholders, such as reference data sets and an open-source leakage simulator based on instruction-level profiles for a processor relevant for the IoT, (4) improve existing standards by actively pushing the novel results to standardization bodies.
REASSURE's consortium is ideal to tackle such ambitious tasks. It features two major circuits manufacturers (NXP, IDEMIA), a highly respected side channel testing lab (Riscure), an engaged governmental representative (ANSSI), and two of the most prominent research institutions in this field (UCL, University of Bristol).
Development of uTCA hardware for BAM system at FLASH and XFEL

This paper describes the design of a uTCA modular card system suited for conversion, sampling and processing of optical pulses. The system consists of a uTCA carrier card along with a double width FPGA Mezzanine Card (FMC) with a changeable optical frontend. The cards were designed for the needs of the BAM system of the FLASH and XFEL accelerators at the DESY facility in Hamburg. The carrier board contains a very powerful FPGA, all required uTCA circuits along with digital interfaces. The FMC card mainly contains four 16-bit fast Analog-to-digital converters (up to 250 MSPS), ADC clock generation and distribution modules, two SFP connectors and a specialized dual RS-485 connection. This paper describes such issues as system organization into universal digital circuits and specialized analog and clock circuits to allow high speed real-time analysis of the properties of thehigh-bandwidth optical signals of the BAM system and better control of the accelerator beam.
Representation and constrained planning of manipulation strategies in the context of Programming by Demonstration

In Programming by Demonstration, a flexible representation of manipulation motions is necessary to learn and generalize from human demonstrations. In contrast to subsymbolic representations of trajectories, e.g. based on a Gaussian Mixture Model, a partially symbolic representation of manipulation strategies based on a temporal satisfaction problem with domain constraints is developed. By using constrained motion planning and a geometric constraint representation, generalization to different robot systems and new environments is achieved. In order to plan learned manipulation strategies the RRT-based algorithm by Stilman et al. is extended to consider, that multiple sets of constraints are possible during the extension of the search tree.
A new approach to revealing the composition of kimberlite melts and their deep mantle source

The overarching aim of this project is to provide novel constraints on the composition of the Earth’s deep mantle, particularly its volatile content, by undertaking an innovative geochemical and isotopic study of the deepest formed melts on Earth: kimberlites. Kimberlite melts are derived from depths in excess of 150-200 km. They are important as the major host of diamonds and because entrain xenoliths (i.e. fragments) of upper mantle and deep crustal rocks during ascent to the surface, providing a major source of information about the geochemistry of the deep Earth. Despite their importance, the composition of primary kimberlite melts and their exact mantle source are hotly debated issues. This is due to contamination of kimberlite melts by mantle and crustal rocks during magma emplacement and near surface alteration of primary kimberlite mineralogy.
To determine the composition of primary kimberlite melts, I will employ a novel approach that combines radiogenic (Sr-Nd-Pb) and stable (C-O) isotope fingerprinting of melt inclusions in kimberlitic magmatic minerals (i.e. olivine and spinel), using innovative ultra-sensitive techniques. This approach will constrain if the carbonate-dominated melt inclusions truly represent examples of pristine kimberlite magma by quantifying processes like crustal contamination and degassing that may have altered the melt composition. I will investigate kimberlites from targeted localities from different parts of the world (South Africa, Canada, Greenland, Russia) and of variable age (Proterozoic to Cretaceous) to assess if there are spatial and/or temporal controls to kimberlite composition. The melt inclusions C-O isotope data, coupled with O isotope analyses of kimberlitic olivine, spinel and perovskite, are designed to test if recycled crustal material occurs in the deep mantle source of kimberlites, which would provide important new constraints on the global cycle of volatiles through geological time.