SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Geophysical properties of sub surface Lithologies at Ekpoma area of Edo state, Nigeria

The urgent need to prospect for subsurface lithologies or rock types geophysically in Ekpoma Area of Edo State, Nigeria became imperative so as to aid industrialization that will further create job opportunities for the citizen of the area. This will assist to improve the economy of the state in particular and Nigeria in general based on the world exploration assignment. The research work was carried out by using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) employing Schlumberger array of electrical resistivity method. The array employed a minimum current electrode spread of 500m and a maximum spread of 1000m to justify the geophysical survey operation. The results of the geophysical survey operation indicated the following lithologies: clays, shales, sandstones, limestones, sands, having resistivities varying from about 40 ohm-m â?? to 60,000 ohm-m. Their depths varied from about 0.4m to 222.om while their thicknesses varied from 0.4m to 220.0m. Area of vital subsurface lithologies e.g. clay have been identified for future drilling operation.
Enhancing the innovation management capacity of smes in north rhine-westphalia, germany

This project is to be understood as a supplement to existing Enterprise Europe Network activities in North Rhine-Westphalia as well as preparation for future ones. For the period April to December 2014, ZENIT will undertake – as part of the existing NRW.Europa project – the additional task of “Enhancing the innovation management capacity of SMEs”.

This task consists of two service packages pre-defined by the European Commission / EASME and foreseen for a limited number of enterprises: 
1. Beneficiaries of the SME Instrument of Horizon 2020 (Key Account Management, KAM)
2. SMEs with significant innovation activities and a high potential for internationalization (promising SMEs with gaps in the innovation management system)

Whereas the first action is reserved for beneficiaries of the SME instrument with a dedicated coaching scheme, the second action is targeted at highly promising, innovative enterprises, which will be assisted with a two-step support scheme:
1. Recording, analysis and evaluation of the individual status quo and of fundamental requirements and possibilities as well as of the threats and risks of the participating enterprises (analysis of needs and gaps, SWOT analysis).
2. Development and implementation of individual concepts, measures, and activities (action and / or coaching plan). 

ZENIT considers a combination of self-assessment and interview with a senior consultant to be the most effective solution for the first stage and to fulfil the requirements of CEN / TS 16555-1 (innovation management system).
Curricular transformation of health professions education in Tanzania: The process at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (2008–2011)

Tanzania requires more health professionals equipped to tackle its serious health challenges. When it became an independent university in 2007, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) decided to transform its educational offerings to ensure its students practice competently and contribute to improving population health. In 2008, in collaboration with the University of California San Francisco (UCSF), all MUHAS's schools (dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and public health and social sciences) and institutes (traditional medicine and allied health sciences) began a university-wide process to revise curricula. Adopting university-wide committee structures, procedures, and a common schedule, MUHAS faculty set out to: (i) identify specific competencies for students to achieve by graduation (in eight domains, six that are inter-professional, hence consistent across schools); (ii) engage stakeholders to understand adequacies and inadequacies of current curricula; and (iii) restructure and revise curricula introducing competencies. The Tanzania Commission for Universities accredited the curricula in September 2011, and faculty started implementation with first-year students in October 2011. We learned that curricular revision of this magnitude requires: a compelling directive for change, designated leadership, resource mobilization inclusion of all stakeholders, clear guiding principles, an iterative plan linking flexible timetables to phases for curriculum development, engagement in skills training for the cultivation of future leaders, and extensive communication.
L-Form bacteria, biotechnology and disease

Despite the clear importance and multiple functions of the bacterial cell wall, many bacteria appear
to be able to switch into a cell wall deficient or “L-form” state. L-forms are very heterogeneous in
size and shape and generally require osmotic stabilisers, such as 0.5 M sucrose, for viability.
However, by lacking the requirement for a cell wall, L-forms are completely resistant to common
cell wall antibiotics, such as β-lactams, and they are probably protected from some elements of
innate immune recognition. L-forms are therefore of potential interest in relation to their possible
involvement in human disease. They have often been reported in clinical specimens obtained from
patients with recurrent or persistent infections or on long term prophylaxis with β-lactam antibiotics.
Unfortunately, until recently, most of the work on L-forms had been done in the pre-molecular era,
when it was difficult to characterise the L-forms and particularly to identify their origins and
relationship with other resident pathogenic bacteria. Recently, several labs have revisited the L-form
issue and started to apply modern molecular and cell biological methods. 
The proposal is divided into three Themes:
• Improve our understanding of key features of the L-forms of our best characterised model system, B. subtilis, including both basic science and possible biotechnological applications. 
• Extend our analysis of basic L-form biology into several diverse bacterial systems, of relevance to both biotechnology and infectious disease. 
• Explore in detail the possible clinical relevance of L-forms, aiming to identify specific clinical situations in which they are relevant or, at least, to establish model systems in which the interactions between L-form and mammalian systems can be studied.
Informal judicial institutions: invisible determinants of democratic decay

Mainstream literature on courts focuses on formal rules. Yet informal judicial institutions, ranging from bureaucratic norms to clientelism, often shape judicial performance strongly. These institutions may even facilitate democratic decay. For example, various “gentlemen’s pacts” between judicial associations may substitute formal rules governing selection of judges, entrenching patronage and vertical gender segregation. Politically savvy chief justice can tweak the formal rules and forge alliances with politicians. Other informal judicial institutions may counteract democratic decay. For instance, judges may team up with journalists and mobilize the public to defend the judiciary. Recent literature has acknowledged these phenomena. However, the range of informal intra-judicial and extra-judicial institutions and their effects are not yet fully understood, as the traditional doctrinal and normative scholarship is not able to capture them. INFINITY fills this gap and addresses the implications of this phenomenon for the “new” and “old” EU member states, and the neighbouring countries. 
The central research question of INFINITY is: How do informal judicial institutions affect functioning of the judiciary and under what circumstances they counteract or contribute to democratic decay? INFINITY builds on a comparative legal perspective combined with sociological and political science approaches. It consists of 4 interrelated research aims: The first aim is to identify the most important informal judicial institutions in 16 European jurisdictions. The second aim is to assess their impact, positive or negative, on the domestic judiciaries, including their gender aspects. The third aim is to analyse supranational influence of EU and CoE on informal judicial institutions. The fourth overarching aim is to synthetize previous findings on the dynamics of informal judicial institutions into an overarching theory on the role of informal judicial institutions in democratic decay.
Newspapers as sources of historical information about lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, 1817)

As part of an attempt to reconstruct the original distribution and relative abundance of lake sturgeon in tributaries to Lake Michigan, old newspapers were surveyed for accounts of sturgeon captured by sport and commercial fishers. The reliability of this process was assessed in several ways. A historical column in a modern newspaper (De Pere journal) proved useful for identifying the time period during which original accounts of sturgeon were first published (late 1800s–early 1900s) and the season when most historical catches occurred (the spring spawning season), but a complete survey of the original newspapers revealed many more records than resurfaced in the historical column and some significant accounts that were published outside of the spawning season. Independent surveys of De Pere newspapers by different searchers revealed that the average searcher found a majority of known records (more than 90%). The seasonal distribution of catches in the Lower Fox River as revealed by historical newspaper accounts was very similar to that based on modern sightings, and the newspaper contained several accounts of sturgeon in other parts of the drainage or other parts of Wisconsin. However, comparison with newspapers published in the neighbouring community of Green Bay revealed that the latter included few of the incidents reported in the De Pere paper, and few additional accounts appeared in the Green Bay papers that were not reported in De Pere. Although the De Pere newspaper accounts taken alone reveal a history of sturgeon exploitation in this microcosm remarkably parallel to patterns of sturgeon exploitation nationwide, our initial focus on the De Pere paper appears to have been fortuitous in that few local newspapers along the Lake Michigan shoreline would have yielded comparable amounts of historical information.
Power supply device for electric discharge machining apparatus

A power supply device for electric discharge machining apparatus, for supplying power to a gap formed between a workpiece and a tool electrode comprises a d.c. power source, a bridge circuit supplied with d.c. voltage from the d.c. power source and having switching transistors provided on each side, and a control circuit for controlling the on/off switching operation of switching transistors of the bridge circuit so that a.c. voltage pulses are applied from the bridge circuit to the gap. A first resistor limits current flowing when the workpiece is negatively poled and the tool electrode is positively poled. A second resistor having a larger value than the first resistor limits current flowing when the workpiece is positively poled and the tool electrode is negatively poled.
Comparison of three methods of diagnosis of plasma unmeasured anions in critically ill patients.

The measurement of plasma unmeasured anions (PUA) is paramount in assessing metabolic acid base disorders. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of three methods in diagnosing abnormal PUA values: standard base excess (SBE), the albumin corrected anion gap (AGc), and the Stewart-Figge approach, based on unidentified anions (XAc-).Acid-base variables were prospectively collected in ICU patients admitted January-September 2008. Whatever the method, PUA values measured two standard deviations above or below the mean of those in control subjects were considered as abnormal.Of the 205 consecutives patients included, 179 had an abnormal PUA value. The accuracy of AGc and XAc- in diagnosing abnormal PUA values was comparable (AUC: 0.89±0.03 and 0.89±0.03, P=0.82) but greater than that of SBE (0.67±0.06, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Of the high PUA values (n=161), 96% were diagnosed by XAc-, 88% by AGc (P<0.01) and 48% by SBE (P<0.001). Hyperlactatemia (n=111) was diagnosed equally by AGc and XAc-, (81% and 86%, P=0.37) but less by SBE (50%, P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). High PUA not associated with hyperlactatemia (N.=61) was more frequently diagnosed by XAc- (97%) than by AGc (84%, P=0.03).In ICU patients, AGc and the Stewart-Figge approach should be preferred over SBE for diagnosing abnormal PUA values and predicting hyperlactatemia. The Stewart-Figge approach based on unidentified anions, is the most efficient in diagnosing high PUA values not associated with hyperlactatemia.
Decarbonated Airport Regions

Airports are increasingly vital to the prosperity of regions. They are no longer just part of the economy, but are instead increasingly defining regional economic ecosystems. However, the growing economic importance and growth of airports needs to be balanced against adverse environmental impacts as emissions from civil aviation have increased significantly in the last decades. Besides, it is forecasted that air traffic will more than double by 2020. Therefore, a lack of appropriate ecological measures now, will only lead to even greater emissions of greenhouse gases from aviation and the surface transport linked to it.

D-AIR largely contributes to converting airports into ecological sustainable transport hubs. It deals with 2 main elements of airport operations that can fall in the competence of public authorities and public bodies: surface accessibility to airport zones and CO2 neutrality of airport operator activities, respectively, the 2 main project sub-themes. The project
pays special attention to the optimal involvement of business and R&D communities in creating well connected green airports, by contributing to new innovative products and services needed to realize prompt actions on the ground.  

Exchange of experience will be carried out in the form of study visits, with each partner region hosting peer review workshops along the sub-themes, based on detailed start-position analyses. Study visit findings will be collected in study visit reports that will be elaborated into regional implementation plans with concrete actions and financial schemes, to be endorsed by each region’s decision-makers. The outcome of this study visit process will be synthesised in transnational best-of documents, along the sub-themes of CO2 neutrality and transport links. These documents will include concrete policy recommendations, to be widely disseminated to other airport regions and interested parties within and beyond the D-AIR partnership.
D-AIR unites 10 regions with 14 partner organisations, all having clear ambitions to significantly reduce CO2 emissions linked to airport operations: Eindhoven (NL), Terres de France (FR), Stockholm (SE), Leipzig (DE), Vienna (AT), Bologna (IT), El Prat de Llobregat (ES), Malta (MT), Mazovia (PL), Prague (CZ). The consortium is completed with ARC, a European network uniting airport regions. All of the D-AIR partners are well aware of the need to find the optimal balance between economic growth of their airports and environmental sustainability, which, if properly carried out, significantly contributes to the sustainable development of Europe's urban environments.
IN MEMORIAM: MONICA ANNE GOSLING (01.01.1944 - 14.08.2008)

Anne Gosling (née Scott) was first appointed as a temporary lecturer in Classics at the University of Natal in Pietermaritzburg in 1967. The next year she moved to the Durban campus of the University in the same capacity. After a year of teaching Latin at the Convent High School in Durban in 1971, she was again appointed as a temporary lecturer in Classics in 1972. She rose to be a lecturer in the Durban department in 1974 and senior lecturer in 1985. She remained at the University of Natal, later the University of KwaZulu-Natal, until her retirement in 2004, when she was made an Honorary Research Fellow. She died at the David Beare Care Centre in Pinetown on the 14th of August, 2008.
Evaluación de las reformas que impulsan el empleo formal

El objetivo del presente documento es determinar el efecto de las políticas implementadas entre 2007 y 2018 para incentivar el empleo formal en el Ecuador. Para aquello, se utiliza un modelo de proyecciones locales con los datos administrativos de empleo registrado. Los resultados muestran que el empleo formal aumenta un 4% en el mediano plazo, debido a las reformas laborales. Además, se evidencia que el comportamiento agregado está guiado por el efecto en las empresas grandes. Estos resultados positivos se evidencian después del año de implementación, sugiriendo un grado de rigidez al momento de impulsar el empleo formal.
Supplementation of Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032 in Diet-Induced Obese Mice Is Associated with Gut Microbial Changes and Reduction in Obesity

To investigate the functional effects of probiotic treatment on the gut microbiota, as well as liver and adipose gene expression in diet-induced obese mice.Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity, and then randomized to receive HFD+probiotic (Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, n = 9) or HFD+placebo (n = 9) for another 10 weeks. Normal diet (ND) fed mice (n = 9) served as non-obese controls.Diet-induced obese mice treated with probiotics showed reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation as well as lowered plasma insulin, leptin, total-cholesterol and liver toxicity biomarkers. A total of 151,061 pyrosequencing reads for fecal microbiota were analyzed with a mean of 6,564, 5,274 and 4,464 reads for the ND, HFD+placebo and HFD+probiotic groups, respectively. Gut microbiota species were shared among the experimental groups despite the different diets and treatments. The diversity of the gut microbiota and its composition were significantly altered in the diet-induced obese mice and after probiotic treatment. We observed concurrent transcriptional changes in adipose tissue and the liver. In adipose tissue, pro-inflammatory genes (TNFα, IL6, IL1β and MCP1) were down-regulated in mice receiving probiotic treatment. In the liver, fatty acid oxidation-related genes (PGC1α, CPT1, CPT2 and ACOX1) were up-regulated in mice receiving probiotic treatment.The gut microbiota of diet-induced obese mice appears to be modulated in mice receiving probiotic treatment. Probiotic treatment might reduce diet-induced obesity and modulate genes associated with metabolism and inflammation in the liver and adipose tissue.
Cancers superficiels de l’estomac : épidémiologie, diagnostic et prise en charge

Stomach cancers are diagnosed at an early stage in less than 10% of cases in Europe. They are superficial tumours, involving the mucosa and the submucosa only. Node involvement is the most important prognostic factor for these tumours. To determine the optimal therapeutic strategy, it is necessary to carry out a precise work-up involving an endoscopy, with chemical or virtual colorations and an echo-endoscopy. Gastric surgery is the reference treatment. Nowadays, endoscopic tumour resection is a validated curative alternative. High quality medical expertise is needed for those tumours with a good prognosis, after evaluating risk for node involvement, and should be followed by Helicobacter pylori eradication and regular endoscopic surveillance.
Navigating on the Titanic: economic growth, energy, and the failure of governance

Navigating the Titanic outlines the brief history of economic growth and the private and public institutions - markets, corporations, households, and governments - which underpin that growth. Bryne Purchase examines related to our economy's use of fossil fuels and specifically looks at resource depletion, energy security, and climate change - all mega-risks because they are both global in scope and potentially existential in impact. Focusing on North America, with a particular emphasis on the United States, Purchase's central argument is that the institutions which have produced spectacular economic growth are not capable of acting with prudence to deal with these before they become a real danger. He identifies certain institutional design flaws that, while underwriting economic growth, leave society open to potentially catastrophic failure and reveals how these design flaws have been compounded by the stresses of the growing income inequality in society.
IOP agreement between I-Care TA01 rebound tonometer and the Goldmann applanation tonometer in eyes with and without glaucoma

To analyze correlation of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement between new rebound tonometer (RBT) I-Care TA01 and Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT). One hundred eighty-five eyes of 185 subjects presenting with glaucoma or cataract were enrolled in the study. In all patients, IOP was obtained by an ophthalmologist using I-Care TA01 and GAT. IOP between the two were compared at range of 8-15, 16-21, and >22 mmHg and difference was considered as significant at p < 0.05 (t test). Bland-Altman analysis tested agreement between instruments overall and for each subgroup of patients with glaucoma or no glaucoma (cataract only). Of 185 patients, 86 had glaucoma; 99 did not. Mean age of patients was 55.77 ± 14.46 years; with no difference between the two subgroups (p = 0.12). There was no significant difference in mean IOP between the two tonometers at IOP between 8-15 mmHg (p = 0.097) and 16-21 mmHg (p = 0.51). However, a significant difference was observed between the two at IOP > 22 mmHg (p = 0.023) with mean GAT (24.8 mmHg) being higher than mean RBT (23.16 mmHg). Overall, there was no difference between the two (p = 0.59) and they had a high correlation (Pearson correlation r = 0.815; p = 0.01). The mean difference between the two was 0.1 (95 % agreement limits: UL +6 (1.96SD), LL -5.8 (-1.96SD)), in patients with no glaucoma was 0.091 (95 % AL: UL +4.8 (1.96SD), LL -4.6 (-1.96SD)), and in patients with glaucoma was 0.151 (95 % AL: UL +7.25 (1.96SD), LL -6.9 (-1.96SD)). RBT I-Care TA01 and Goldmann tonometer cannot be used interchangeably due to large limits of agreement.
Implement innovative methods to increase safety and minimise losses in the transmission of oil and petroleum products.

Reference number of the aid programme: SA.41471(2015/X) Purpose of public aid: Article 25 of EC Regulation No 651/2014 of 17 June 2014 declaring certain types of aid compatible with the internal market in the application of Articles 107 and 108 of the Treaty (OJ L. I'm sorry. EU L 187/1 of 26.06.2014). Oil spills and petroleum products pose a very serious risk to the environment and cause significant financial losses. The solution to this problem is automatic leak detection systems. Unfortunately, a small number of such solutions, available on the market, make their prices very high and exceed the budgets of many investments. As a result, many pipelines remain unprotected. Growing environmental awareness is causing demand for such solutions to continue to grow, especially in low-cost solutions. The project we carry out meets these needs. The project will carry out studies aimed at verifying existing leak detection methods, developing new ones and addressing the reliability of detection results obtained by existing methods. To this end, it is necessary to build a prototype installation allowing reliable verification of leak detection methods used on existing and built fuel pipelines. The tasks that we will carry out within the project are: — Establishment of an installation allowing for testing methods of detection of pipe leakages, verification and demonstration of their effectiveness to potential customers of solutions – Reliable verification of known methods of leak detection – Developing new, innovative methods with much higher cost-effectiveness for technological pipelines. — Promoting the idea of protecting fuel pipelines as an effective tool for the security of investment and the environment. The innovativeness of the project consists of: — Application of artificial intelligence methods for filtering