SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
A meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicines for vascular dementia.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia.We retrieved publications from Cochrane Library (2004 to July 2011), PubMed (1966 to July 2011), the Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (1977 to July 2011), the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1979 to July 2011), Google Scholar (July 2011), and the Chinese Biomedical Database (1977 to July 2011) using the key words "Chinese medicine OR Chinese herbal medicine" and "vascular dementia OR mild cognition impair OR multi-infarct dementia OR small-vessel dementia OR strategic infarct dementia OR hypoperfusion dementia OR hemorrhagic dementia OR hereditary vascular dementia".Randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicines with placebo/western medicine in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia were included. Diagnostic standards included Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherché et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences. Two participants independently conducted literature screening, quality evaluation and data extraction. The quality of each trial was assessed according to the Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook 5.0.Effective rate, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores, and incidence of adverse reactions.We identified 1 143 articles discussing the effects of Chinese medicine on vascular dementia. Thirty-one of these were included in the analysis. These studies involved a total of 2 868 participants (1 605 patients took Chinese medicine decoctions (treatment group); 1 263 patients took western medicine or placebo). The results of our meta-analysis revealed that Chinese herbal remedies in the treatment group were more efficacious than the control intervention (relative risk (RR) = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-1.38, P < 0.01). Mini-Mental State Examination scores were higher in patients taking Chinese herbal medicines than in those in the control group (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 2.83; 95%CI: 2.55-3.12, P < 0.01). Patients in the treatment group showed better disease amelioration than those in the control group (Hasegawa Dementia Scale scores; WMD = 2.41, 95%CI: 1.48-3.34, P < 0.01). There were also considerably fewer adverse reactions among those in the treatment group compared with those in the control group (RR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.08-0.47, P < 0.01).Chinese herbal medicine appears to be safer and more effective than control measures in the treatment of vascular dementia. However, the included trials were generally low in quality. More well-designed, high-quality trials are needed to provide better evidence for the assessment of the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicines for vascular dementia.
Wind power—An assault on local landscapes or an opportunity for modernization?

Abstract Wind power development has produced controversies in many places. Some people see wind power as a sustainable source of energy, others see it as destroying nature and landscapes. The opposition to wind power is often asserted to be from local forces and NIMBYism, and support to be based on the national and global benefits of increased supply of renewable energy. In this paper, I challenge this view by analyzing how local communities with established or planned wind power parks went through the process of developing wind power, what arguments they used and how they think about the wind power technology and its expected local effects. I found that most of the arguments in favor of wind power development addressed local concerns regarding the economy, modernization, and employment opportunities and not a need for sustainable energy. The opposition to wind power development was not based on NIMBYism. Rather, many different arguments were used, and the features of the controversies were distinct to each community.
Tourists’ perceptions of world heritage destinations: The case of Guimarães (Portugal)

Guimarães is a UNESCO world heritage site, deemed as such in 2001 and hosted the 2012 European Capital of Culture. This paper examines the profile, destination image, and motivations of tourists’ visiting behaviors in Guimarães before the cultural event. Based on survey responses from 276 tourists, we found that tourists arriving in Guimarães had previously visited the two most important cities in the northern part of Portugal. These respondents were relatively young and well educated compared to the average tourists that visited Portugal. The results suggest that many tourists were aware of the city status as a world heritage site that encompasses a historic center, monuments, and architectural buildings. Furthermore, these perceptions shape the image of Guimarães, as the factor analysis indicates that “historical background and functionality” was the most reliable and valid factor behind the choice of visiting the city.
Using a systematic review in clinical decision making: a pilot parallel, randomized controlled trial

Evidence suggests that systematic reviews are used infrequently by physicians in clinical decision-making. One proposed solution is to create filtered resources so that information is validated and refined in order to be read quickly. Two shortened systematic review formats were developed to enhance their use in clinical decision-making.To prepare for a full-scale trial, we conducted a pilot study to test methods and procedures in order to refine the processes. A recruitment email was sent to physicians practicing full- or part-time in family medicine or general internal medicine. The pilot study took place in an online environment and eligible physicians were randomized to one of the systematic review formats (shortened or full-length) and instructed to read the document. Participants were asked to provide the clinical bottom line and apply the information presented to a clinical scenario. Participants' answers were evaluated independently by two investigators against "gold standard" answers prepared by an expert panel.Fifty-six clinicians completed the pilot study within a 2-month period with a response rate of 4.3 %. Agreement between investigators in assessing participants' answers was determined by calculating a kappa statistic. Two questions were assessed separately, and a kappa statistic was calculated at 1.00 (100 % agreement) for each.Agreement between investigators in assessing participants' answers is satisfactory. Although recruitment for the pilot study was completed in a reasonable time-frame, response rates were low and will require large numbers of contacts. The results indicate that conducting a full-scale trial is feasible.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02414360 .
Thermodynamic and acoustic properties of binary mixtures of 1-butanol with 1,2-butanediol. The comparison with the results for 1,3-, and 1,4-butanediol

Abstract Densities and isobaric heat capacities have been measured for (1-butanol + 1,2-butanediol) over the temperature range from (293.15 to 308.15) K and (282.15 to 320.15) K, respectively. The speed of sound at the temperature 298.15 K has been measured as well. Using these results, the molar volumes, isentropic and isothermal compressibility coefficients, molar isentropic and isothermal compressibilities, molar isobaric and isochoric heat capacities as well as internal pressures were calculated. Also the corresponding excess and deviation values were calculated and expressed by Redlich–Kister polynomials. The results are discussed in terms of variations of the structure of the system caused by the participation of the two alcohols (with the same carbon chain but different hydroxyl groups) in the dynamic intermolecular association process through hydrogen bonding at various temperatures. Present findings are also compared with the previous results for 1,3-, and 1,4-butanediol.
Prenylated Benzophenones from Triadenum japonicum

Six new prenylated benzophenones, (-)-nemorosonol (1) and trijapins A-E (2-6), were isolated from the aerial parts of Triadenum japonicum. (-)-Nemorosonol (1) and trijapins A-C (2-4) have a common tricyclo[4.3.1.0(3,7)]decane skeleton, while 1 is an enantiomer of (+)-nemorosonol previously isolated from Clusia nemorosa. The absolute configuration of (-)-nemorosonol (1) was assigned by ECD spectroscopy. Trijapins A-C (2-4) are analogues of 1 possessing an additional tetrahydrofuran ring. Trijapins D (5) and E (6) are prenylated benzophenones with a 1,2-dioxane moiety and a hydroperoxy group, respectively. (-)-Nemorosonol (1) exhibited antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (MIC, 8 μg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC, 16 μg/mL), Bacillus subtilis (MIC, 16 μg/mL), Micrococcus luteus (MIC, 32 μg/mL), Aspergillus niger (IC50, 16 μg/mL), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (IC50, 8 μg/mL), and Candida albicans (IC50, 32 μg/mL), while trijapin D (5) showed antimicrobial activity against C. albicans (IC50, 8 μg/mL).
Informality in Credit Relations Between Banks and Business Entities – a Risk on Standardization and Modernization of Kosovo Economy

In terms of modern societies, the definition of the notion of certain forms of informal activities in the economy has evolved dynamically. In general, the definition used for the informal economy by lawyers and economists, involves economic transactions or operations in which state institutions not only have no control over them, but they also fail to take action to stop them. Precisely in this form, informality has become one of the most discussed problems in Kosovo politics. Reducing it is vital for the national economy to improve. However, it seems that the passive path which the relevant government institutions are taking in combating this negative phenomenon, not only is not right and adequate, but, above all, presents factors that are of high risk and multidimensional. Unfortunately, the relatively new local banking system, especially in commercial banks, has gradually become a serious stimulus segment of this informal activity. Among other things, the commercial banks, upon establishing credit relations with certain business entities, mainly during the provision of loans and being fully aware, base their credit risk analysis on financial and accounting records that are not official, i.e. are not identical to those provided to the Tax Administration. Now is the last moment that the government must focus its efforts on limiting and reducing the informal economy in the country. Enhancing the role of the Tax Administration and the Financial Intelligence Unit for the purpose of increasing their operational efficiency bears no alternative.
Platinum-alloy and sulfur saturation in an arc-related basalt to rhyolite suite: Evidence from the Pual Ridge lavas, the Eastern Manus Basin

Abstract We have measured the platinum group element (PGE) and Re concentrations of arc-type lavas from the Pual Ridge and the surrounding area in the Eastern Manus Basin. These magmas followed an Fe-enrichment trend to produce a wide range of compositions with MgO varying between 8 and 0.1 wt.%. We found distinct differences in the PGE geochemistry of the high (>3 wt.% MgO) and the low-Mg lavas ( A feature of the data is that duplicate analyses of the same sample often do not agree within error. We attribute this scatter to the nugget effect, with nuggets of a Pt-rich alloy in the high-Mg lavas and sulfide blebs in the low-Mg lavas. The PGE concentrations of phenocryst-bearing high-Mg lavas are higher than in the associated glassy lavas, and scatter on MgO variation diagrams is significantly reduced if only glassy lavas are considered, which indicates that the micron scale Pt-rich alloy grains are intimately associated with the phenocrysts. Our results provide strong evidence that Pt-rich alloys can crystallize from a basaltic-andesitic magma, along with the silicate minerals, and fractionate Pt from Pd during magmatic differentiation. As a consequence, Pd/Pt increases during Pt alloy fractionation and this ratio can be used to identify Pt-rich metal saturation. The Pual Ridge alloys are Pt-rich because the primary magmas are Pt-enriched and Ir-depleted, which is typical of arc-related magmas.
Content, Control and Display: The Natural Origins of Content

Hutto and Satne identify three research traditions attempting to explain the place of intentional agency in a wholly natural world: naturalistic reduction; sophisticated behaviourism, and pragmatism, and suggest that insights from all three are necessary. While agreeing with that general approach, I develop a somewhat different package, offering an outline of a vindicating genealogy of our interpretative practices. I suggest that these practices had their original foundation in the elaboration of much more complex representation-guided control structures in our lineage and the support and amplification of those control structures through external resources. Cranes (as Dennett calls them) became increasingly important in the explanation of systematically successful action. These more complex representational engines coevolved with selection to detect and respond to the control structures of others. Since much of that selection was driven by the advantages of cooperation and coordination, in part these control structures were co-opted as external signals and guarantees, in cooperation and coordination. As the time depth of cooperation and co-ordination extended, these public signals of belief and intent acquired secondary functions, as mechanisms to stabilise and structure control systems, making humans not just more transparent to one another at a time, but more predictable over time. Mindshaping, not just mindreading, became increasingly important in our lineage.
Engagement and journalism innovation for outstanding open science communication

There are no recognized standards in science journalism and communication, nor principles or indicators of quality. And yet they are needed, particularly in a moment when science communication is more than ever a key factor in facilitating democratic deliberation and in fighting misinformation. To fully benefit from a digital society, citizens need to feel that the information they receive responds to their needs and is useful to face and solve their problems. The climate crisis, the recent pandemic and many more global challenges can only be dealt within a framework of policies and actions properly informed by science, allowing all relevant stakeholders to decide and act on the basis of evidences and not of noises and misinformation. ENJOI will explore and test engagement as a key asset of innovation in science communication distributed via media platforms, with a strong focus on journalism. Through a combination of methodologies and in collaboration with producers, target users and stakeholders of science communication, ENJOI will co-create and select a set of standards, principles and indicators (SPIs) condensed to a Manifesto for an Outstanding Open Science Communication. ENJOI will deploy a series of actions via Engagement Workshops, Labs, field and participatory research, evaluation and testing phases.It will also build an Observatory as its landmark product to make all results and outputs available to foster capacity building and collaboration of all actors in the field. ENJOI will work in four countries: Belgium, Italy, Portugal and Spain, taking into account different cultural contexts. ENJOI’s ultimate goal is that of improving science communication by making it more consistently reliable, truthful, open and engaging. Contextually, ENJOI will contribute to the active development of critical thinking, digital awareness and media literacy of all actors involved in the process.
Health-related quality of life with KDQOL-36 and its association with self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction in Korean dialysis patients

This study was conducted to measure the level of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and to reveal the association of self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction with it in Korean dialysis patients.The study subjects were 237 patients receiving either hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) from two university hospitals, from February to June in 2010. We investigated HRQOL using the Korean version of Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form 36 (KDQOL-36), and self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction by self-administrative questionnaire and their dialysis-related variables by reviewing clinical records. The associations of self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction with HRQOL were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis.The mean HRQOL results were as follows: Physical component score (PCS) was 39.1 ± 8.5, Mental component score (MCS) 44.6 ± 6.8, symptom/problem list was 67.6 ± 17.1, effects of disease score was 58.5 ± 19.6, and burden of disease score was 41.1 ± 28.4. Between PD and HD patients, we could find significant difference only in the symptom/problem list. After removing confounder's effects by multivariate analysis, respectively, treatment goal self-efficacy and treatment management self-efficacy were significantly related with all 5 domains, except PCS. Treatment satisfaction was significantly related with PCS, MCS, and effects of kidney disease.Patients' self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction could influence their HRQOL. Regular and systematic monitoring using KDQOL-36 and interventions to increase self-efficacy and treatment satisfaction should be considered in dialysis care in Korea.
Mejora de la planta de producción mediante la modernización de la producción mediante la introducción de tecnología de medición y adaptación 3D

Este proyecto contribuirá a la modernización de la producción mediante la introducción de nuevos equipos de medición y sastrería 3D sofisticados.
MONETARY POLICY AND EXCHANGE RATES: A BALANCED TWO-COUNTRY COINTEGRATED VAR MODEL APPROACH

We study the exchange rate effects of monetary policy in a balanced macroeconometric two-country model for the United States and United Kingdom. In contrast to the empirical literature, which consistently treats the domestic and foreign countries unequally in the modeling process, we consider full model feedback, allowing for a thorough analysis of the system dynamics. The problem of model dimensionality is tackled by invoking the approach by Aoki (1981). Assuming country symmetry in the long run allows to decouple the two-country macrodynamics of country averages and differences such that the cointegration analysis can be applied to smaller systems. Second, the econometric modeling is general-to-specific, a graph-theoretic approach for the contemporaneous effects combined with automatic general-to-specific model selection. We find delayed overshooting of the exchange rate in the case of a Bank of England monetary shock but instantaneous response to a Fed shock. Altogether the response is more pronounced in the former case.
SURFACE DISPLAY UNITS WITH OPAQUE SCREEN

A surface display unit incorporates an opaque screen and an image panel. The opaque screen is disposed on the front side of the image panel which provides an optical image. The opaque screen generally hides the image panel while the surface display unit is not in use. When the image panel is activated to provide an optical image, the opaque screen provides a suitable level of transparency so that a viewer can observe the optical image with sufficient clarity. The opaque screen can provide optical enhancement, decorative texture, and/or mechanical support.
Análise do ambiente térmico urbano e áreas potencialmente expostas ao calor extremo no município do Porto (Portugal)

A ilha de calor urbano superficial é uma das principais causas para a diminuição do conforto bioclimático em áreas onde os padrões superficiais são heterogéneos, sobretudo no verão. O município do Porto apresenta caraterísticas de uso do solo e materiais de cobertura cujas propriedades térmicas e radiativas são profundamente dissemelhantes. Neste sentido, o presente estudo procura examinar a influência da cobertura do solo sobre a temperatura de superfície, recorrendo às imagens de satélite. As temperaturas de superfície foram extraídas da imagem Landsat 8-oli, e vários índices espectrais foram derivados para identificar o potencial de arrefecimento evaporativo. Os principais resultados mostram que as “ilhas de calor urbano superficial” se localizam maioritariamente no núcleo central da cidade do Porto e das principais vias de comunicação, onde os efeitos da densificação urbana e das propriedades materiais de cobertura utilizados impedem a evapotranspiração, favorecem o aumento da absorção radiativa e, consecutivamente, o aumento significativo de temperatura de superfície.
Human-Computer Interaction: An Empirical Research Perspective

Human-Computer Interaction: An Empirical Research Perspective is the definitive guide to empirical research in HCI. The book begins with foundational topics including historical context, the human factor, interaction elements, and the fundamentals of science and research. From there, you'll progress to learning about the methods for conducting an experiment to evaluate a new computer interface or interaction technique. There are detailed discussions and how-to analyses on models of interaction, focusing on descriptive models and predictive models. Writing and publishing a research paper is explored with helpful tips for success. Throughout the book, you'll find hands-on exercises, checklists, and real-world examples. This is your must-have, comprehensive guide to empirical and experimental research in HCI-an essential addition to your HCI library. Master empirical and experimental research with this comprehensive, A-to-Z guide in a concise, hands-on reference Discover the practical and theoretical ins-and-outs of user studies Find exercises, takeaway points, and case studies throughout
Melhoramento do processo de fischer-tropsch para formulação de combustível de hidrocarboneto em um ambiente gtl

melhoramento do processo de fischer-tropsch para formulação de combustível de hidrocarboneto em um ambiente gtl. um método de processamento de gás natural melhorado usando o processo de fischer-tropsch (ft) para a síntese de combustíveis de hidrocarbonetos livre de enxofre, de queima limpa, cujos exemplos incluem diesel sintético e combustível de aviação. uma seleção de gás natural, separadamente ou em combinação com partes de líquidos de gás natural e nafta ft e vapores ft são destruídos em um gerador de gás de síntese e usados ou reciclados como matéria-prima para um reator de fischer-tropsch (ft) a fim de aumentar a produção de diesel sintético a partir do reator. a melhoria do processo resulta na produção máxima de diesel sintético formulado sem a presença ou formação de subprodutos de baixo valor.
Data-driven Evaluation of Visual Quality Measures

Visual quality measures seek to algorithmically imitate human judgments of patterns such as class separability, correlation, or outliers. In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven framework for evaluating such measures. The basic idea is to take a large set of visually encoded data, such as scatterplots, with reliable human judgements, and to use this human-labeled data to learn how well a measure would predict human judgements on previously unseen data. Measures can then be evaluated based on predictive performance---an approach that is crucial for generalizing across datasets but has gained little attention so far. To illustrate our framework, we use it to evaluate 15 state-of-the-art class separation measures, using human ground truth data from 828 class separation judgments on color-coded 2D scatterplots.