SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Social sciences and humanities: a new agenda for europe's challenges

During the Slovak EU Presidency, the Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic proposes to organize an international conference on Social Sciences and Humanities  (SSH) titled "The Social Sciences and Humanities: A New Agenda for Europe's Challenges" that will be held in Bratislava on November 15-16 2016. The conference will follow the Tatra Summit, which will focus on the impact of social sciences and humanities on policies.
An international Scientific Board will be established that will include distinguished European scientists from different fields of social sciences and humanities.  The Scientific Board will work mainly on the draft programme of the conference and ensure the range and quality of speakers.  It will also propose the conference outcomes.  
The goal of the conference is to illustrate that research in SSH is crucial in addressing societal challenges faced by Europe and it brings a significant contribution to the solution of problems in contemporary democratic societies. SSH are critical in solving acute crises such as migration - with its consequences on national policies; human rights and freedom of circulation; radicalisation and terrorism, which sparks debates on religious diversity and security inside and outside Europe; and unemployment which fuels social exclusion and inequality in some of its Member States. Such challenges cannot be solved by mere technological solutions and such technological solutions are anyway socially grounded.
The conference will bring together about 300 scholars from SSH and other disciplines, business companies, industry, policy makers and media. They will discuss not only existing, but also new research ideas for the Work Programme 2018-2020 and contribute to a better visibility, integration and implementation of SSH into science and research policies.
The small RNA content of human sperm reveals pseudogene-derived piRNAs complementary to protein-coding genes

At the end of mammalian sperm development, sperm cells expel most of their cytoplasm and dispose of the majority of their RNA. Yet, hundreds of RNA molecules remain in mature sperm. The biological significance of the vast majority of these molecules is unclear. To better understand the processes that generate sperm small RNAs and what roles they may have, we sequenced and characterized the small RNA content of sperm samples from two human fertile individuals. We detected 182 microRNAs, some of which are highly abundant. The most abundant microRNA in sperm is miR-1246 with predicted targets among sperm-specific genes. The most abundant class of small noncoding RNAs in sperm are PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Surprisingly, we found that human sperm cells contain piRNAs processed from pseudogenes. Clusters of piRNAs from human testes contain pseudogenes transcribed in the antisense strand and processed into small RNAs. Several human protein-coding genes contain antisense predicted targets of pseudogene-derived piRNAs in the male germline and these piRNAs are still found in mature sperm. Our study provides the most extensive data set and annotation of human sperm small RNAs to date and is a resource for further functional studies on the roles of sperm small RNAs. In addition, we propose that some of the pseudogene-derived human piRNAs may regulate expression of their parent gene in the male germline.
Sustainable re-use, preservation and modern management of historical ruins in Central Europe - elaboration of integrated model and guidelines based on the synthesis of the best European experiences

Topic of project are medieval ruins. In Europe there are at least several thousand historical ruins. Owners and managers of these sites struggle with the same problems: protection of ruins is problematic due to ongoing process of destruction, and modern use of ruins is limited.
Project objective is to give “the second life” to medieval ruins through modern management and attributing contemporary, socially useful functions, while preserving historical value of these sites.
Project aims to develop and disseminate transnational guidelines and integrated model of contemporary use, modern management and protection of medieval ruins in Central Europe in order to enable elaboration of comprehensive management plans for ruined historical sites. Elaborated comprehensive management plans will help owners and managers of historical ruins, local, regional and public authorities exploit economic potential of this heritage in economic development of regions, and to preserve value of medieval ruins as cultural heritage.
Traditional approach to preservation of ruins has been focused on only one issue - how to maintain historical ruins from technical point of view. Innovation of project is to go beyond technical problems and to create integrated model that brings together 3 elements: contemporary use, modern management and sustainable preservation of ruins. Activities undertaken within project will be combination of research tasks concerning documentation and evaluation of technical state of ruins, conservation tasks concerning the form of protection of ruins and, most of all, activities aimed at contemporary use and modern management of historical ruins.
Cooperation of 6 countries with various traditions and experiences will result in development of universal models that could be applied for management, use and protection of medieval ruins all over Europe, providing European added value
Virulence aspects of Listeria monocytogenes LO28 high pressure-resistant variants

High pressure treatment is a novel food processing approach for reducing pathogens in foods and food ingredients. However, relatively little is known about the pathogenic potential of organisms that survive the treatment. Twelve previously isolated and characterized variants of Listeria monocytogenes LO28 obtained after a high pressure treatment were assessed for their virulence potential and antibiotic susceptibility. Ten variants showed attenuated virulence while two variants retained full virulence in a mouse model of infection. Seven of the attenuated variants demonstrated a reduction in virulence factor activity. Compared to the wild type, all variants exhibited similar or increased susceptibility to multiple antibiotics commonly used in listeriosis treatment.
NEFDS contamination model parameter estimation of powder contaminated surfaces

Hyperspectral signatures of powdered contaminated surfaces are challenging to characterize due to intimate mixing between materials. Most radiometric models have diﬃculties in recreating these signatures due to non-linear interactions between particles with diﬀerent physical properties. The Nonconventional Exploitation Factors Data System (NEFDS) Contamination Model is capable of recreating longwave hyperspectral signatures at any contamination mixture amount, but only for a limited selection of materials currently in the database. A method has been developed to invert the NEFDS model and perform parameter estimation on emissivity measurements from a variety of powdered materials on substrates. This model was chosen for its potential to accurately determine contamination coverage density as a parameter in the inverted model. Emissivity data were measured using a Designs and Prototypes fourier transform infrared spectrometer model 102 for diﬀerent levels of contamination. Temperature emissivity separation was performed to convert data from measure radiance to estimated surface emissivity. Emissivity curves were then input into the inverted model and parameters were estimated for each spectral curve. A comparison of measured data with extrapolated model emissivity curves using estimated parameter values assessed performance of the inverted NEFDS contamination model. This paper will present the initial results of the experimental campaign and the estimated surface coverage parameters.
An Optimal Power Scheduling Method Applied in Home Energy Management System Based on Demand Response

In this paper, we first introduce a general architecture of an energy management system in a home area network based on a smart grid. Then, we propose an efficient scheduling method for home power usage. The home gateway (HG) receives the demand response (DR) information indicating the real-time electricity price, which is transferred to an energy management controller (EMC). Referring to the DR, the EMC achieves an optimal power scheduling scheme, which is delivered to each electric appliance by the HG. Accordingly, all appliances in the home operate automatically in the most cost-effective way possible. In our research, to avoid the high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of power, we combine the real-time pricing model with the inclining block rate model. By adopting this combined pricing model, our proposed power scheduling method effectively reduces both the electricity cost and the PAR, ultimately strengthening the stability of the entire electricity system.
High-frequency nonlinear optics: from the nonlinear Schrödinger approximation to ultrashort-pulses equations

After a brief introduction and physical motivation, we show how the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation can be derived from a general class of nonlinear hyperbolic systems. Its purpose is to describe the behaviour of high-frequency oscillating wave packets over a large time-scale that requires us to take into account diffractive effects. We then show that the NLS approximation fails for short pulses and propose some alternative models, including a modified Schrödinger equation with improved frequency dispersion. It turns out that these models have better properties and are quite accurate for short pulses. For ultrashort pulses, however, they must also be abandoned for more complex approaches. We give the main steps for such an analysis and explain one striking fact about ultrashort pulses: their dynamics in dispersive media is linear .
Healthcare Service Utilization by Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Population-Based Study

Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is not a life-threatening disease, very few studies have compared differences in healthcare service utilization between patients with and those without OSA in an Asian population according to different age groups. This study attempted to investigate differences in healthcare service utilization between patients with and those without OSA in different age groups in Taiwan.Sampled subjects and data on their health service utilization were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We included 568 patients with OSA and 2840 subjects without OSA. Each subject was followed for a 1-year period to evaluate their healthcare resource utilization. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare differences in healthcare utilization between patients with and those without OSA during the 1-year follow-up period.As to all healthcare service utilization, patients with OSA had significantly more outpatient visits (30.3 vs. 18.6), outpatient costs (US$1231.2 vs. US$764.8), inpatient days (1.8 vs. 1.2), inpatient costs (US$563.6 vs. US$276.7), and total costs (US$1794.8 vs. US$1041.5) than comparison subjects during the 1-year follow-up period. Moreover, patients with OSA aged 40~49 and 50~59 years respectively incurred 2.11- and 2.02-fold higher total costs compared to patients without OSA. However, patients with OSA aged over 70 years did not have higher total costs compared to those without OSA.This study found that patients with OSA had greater healthcare service utilization than those without OSA. Additionally, patients with OSA in the 40~49- and 50~59-year age groups had about 2-fold higher total costs of healthcare services than those without OSA.
CONNECTION EXPANSION MODULE

The invention relates to a connection expansion module (2) for a component (1) of a lighting system, having a securing means (22 . . . 25, 29) for securing the connection expansion module to the component, at least one contact element (7 . . . 10) for contacting an electric connection (L, N, S1, S2) of the component (1), and multiple connections (12 . . . 19) connected to the contact element (7 . . . 10) in order to connect electric lines to the connection expansion module (2).
Assessment of Environments for Mars Science Laboratory Entry, Descent, and Surface Operations

The Mars Science Laboratory mission aims to land a car-sized rover on Mars’ surface and operate it for at least one Mars year in order to assess whether its field area was ever capable of supporting microbial life. Here we describe the approach used to identify, characterize, and assess environmental risks to the landing and rover surface operations. Novel entry, descent, and landing approaches will be used to accurately deliver the 900-kg rover, including the ability to sense and “fly out” deviations from a best-estimate atmospheric state. A joint engineering and science team developed methods to estimate the range of potential atmospheric states at the time of arrival and to quantitatively assess the spacecraft’s performance and risk given its particular sensitivities to atmospheric conditions. Numerical models are used to calculate the atmospheric parameters, with observations used to define model cases, tune model parameters, and validate results. This joint program has resulted in a spacecraft capable of accessing, with minimal risk, the four finalist sites chosen for their scientific merit. The capability to operate the landed rover over the latitude range of candidate landing sites, and for all seasons, was verified against an analysis of surface environmental conditions described here. These results, from orbital and model data sets, also drive engineering simulations of the rover’s thermal state that are used to plan surface operations.
MIXING APPARATUS

A mixing apparatus (10) for distribution of a concentrate in a diluted form. The apparatus (10) includes a container (14) for holding the concentrate, an inlet (36) at or adjacent the base (34) of the container (14), an outlet (54) at or adjacent the top of the container (14). Inlet (36) is adapted to be coupled to a pressure liquid source whereby concentrate is dissolved in liquid entering inlet (36) and is distributed from said outlet (54), the outlet (54) being in the form of a perforated pipe or grill. The base (34) has a tapered bottom to ensure all fertiliser gravitates to opening (36) whereby no undissolved fertiliser residue remains in the container.
Placing Pandemics: Geographical Dimensions of Vulnerability and Spread

A prominent U.S. medical geographer explores the geographic dimensions of disease pandemics, examining their causes, movement over space, unequal impacts, and emergence of place-specific public health responses. She utilizes a political ecological approach to situate pandemics within a complex network of place-specific interactions among people, the physical and built environments, social institutions, and infectious agents that cause disease. The author also reviews the range of geographical strategies that governments and other institutions employ to control the spread of infectious diseases that include constructing, targeting, and manipulating place environments where diseases occur and people's interactions within them. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F590, H510, I180. 4 figures, 1 table, 60 references.
Identifying the Optimal Number of Homogeneous Regions for Regional Frequency Analysis Using Self-Organizing Map

우리나라의 동일강수지역에 대한 구분은 기상학적으로 의미를 지닐 뿐만 아니라 장기예보를 위한 자료로 활용된다. 또한 최근 들어 수문학에서는 확률강수량을 산정하기 위해 지금까지 사용되어 온 지점빈도해석의 단점을 보완한 지역빈도해석방법의 활용이 적극 제시되고 있다. 이에 따라 동일강수지역의 군집화에 대한 연구의 필요성이 증가하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 1980년부터 2010년까지 61개 지상관측지점의 자료를 이용하여 자기조직화지도 군집기법으로 동일강수 지역을 군집화하고 K-means Clustering과 Davies-Bouldin Index를 적용하여 우리나라의 동일강수지역에 대해 6개의 최적 군집 개수를 산출하였다. 그리고 최종적으로 GIS에 기반한 Thiessen Polygon을 활용하여 동질지역의 지역화 하였다. In this study, homogeneous regions for regional frequency analysis were identified using rainfall data from 61 observation points in Korea. The used data were gathered from 1980 to 2010. Self organizing map and K-means clustering based on Davies-Bouldin Index were used to make clusters showing similar rainfall patterns and to decide the optimum number of the homogeneous regions. The results from this analysis showed that the 61 observation points can be optimally grouped into 6 geographical clusters. Finally, the 61 observations points grouped into 6 clusters were mapped regionally using Thiessen polygon method.
State of the art toxicological and microscopic assessment of biomedical nanocrystals on the lung in vitro

Due to the ever increasing production of nanosized materials for a variety of novel
applications (e.g. biomedicine), increased research has focused upon understanding the
potential toxicity of these nanomaterials. In order to determine the potential toxicity of
nanoparticles (NPs), it is essential that, in parallel to biochemical and toxicological
testing, their specific route of uptake (if any), as well as their possible and/or subsequent
intracellular localisation is investigated. By using a novel 3D in vitro triple cell co-culture
model of the human epithelial airway barrier (containing epithelial cells and macrophages
(apical-layer) and dendritic cells (basolateral-layer) which has been shown to mimic the
architecture of the lung in vivo , in combination with a novel air-liquid interface cell
exposure system, it is possible to mimic the exposure of NPs to the lung in vitro . Using
both conventional and state-of-the art toxicological tests, in addition to light, laser
scanning (including digital image restoration) and transmission electron microscopy
methods, it has been possible to determine the interaction of both fluorescent (specifically
designed core-shell nanoparticles with shell-embedded fluorophores for use in
biomedicine) and electron dense NPs with the in vitro triple cell co-culture. It has been
observed that the material of the engineered NPs (either gold or iron oxide) has no
significant influence upon the toxicity and intracellular localisation over time. The results
of these studies have shown that despite different compositions, specific NPs intended for
use in biomedical applications, when exposed realistically (exposure
method/concentration/primary contact cells) cause minimal effects to the lung in vitro .
An RPT approach to time-critical path following of an unmanned helicopter

In the last decade, small-scale unmanned helicopters have attracted a significant interest due to their unique abilities. Autonomous path following of them is one of the challenging missions, especially a time-critical one. In the paper, a path following control system has been designed to steer unmanned helicopters along a predefined 3D path maintaining a specified flight speed and accounting for constraints of time implicitly. The task is formulated as a robust and perfect tracking problem and accomplished via a cascaded solution framework. The main advantage lies without time lag in steady-state responses. The promising performance has been demonstrated by flight tests.
The unparalleled ai platform using high-performance computing to scale industrial operations

The 4th industrial revolution is ongoing. The manufacturing and process industry have started transitioning into automated and data exchange operations. Still, the challenge for these players is to handle the massive amounts of data that is produced in large-scale real-time operations –and quite often– needs to be managed under time-pressure. As of now, the process industry has to choose between implementing large-scale analytics systems (using a scale-out or scale-up architecture) to control real-time operations and find metrics for predictions or alternatively, rely on machine learning (ML) technologies to discover meaning in data sets. At AIA Science –a spin-off from Numascale, world leader in high-computing performance or HPC– we have created AIA SGA, the first platform that integrates in a single solution a scale-up graph analytics architecture (based on HPC hardware) and the most advanced ML technology, allowing to automate real-time operations, whilst optimizing production and using anomaly detection to prevent accidents (e.g. the Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster). Our current prototype (TRL6), combines three main components: The AIA Analytics engine; the AIA ML Suite and Neo4j Graph database software. Our priority market will be the European oil/gas and aluminium industries, having already a solid network of partners within our home market (e.g. Statoil, Aker BP or Norsk Hydro), where most European oil rigs and aluminium plants are concentrated. The market of ML-based large-scale analytics is gaining traction, being expected to be worth €1.1 billion by 2021 with an staggering CAGR of 29.5% (2016-2021) , translating into an appealing business opportunity for first movers (like AIA Science). With our AIA SGA project, we will increase our revenue to €9.75 million and to create 20 new direct specialized jobs only 3 years after starting commercial activities.
Navigating complex choices in adaptive capacity and water governance adaptive capacity in two contrasting water governance regimes in relation to flooding and drought: The cases of Aconcagua in Chile, and the Rhône in Switzerland

Considerable gaps still exist in understanding the complex dynamics that effect the stimulation of adaptive capacity at different scales, the role of different governance regimes in building adaptive capacity, and the favourable conditions for mobilising reactive and proactive capacity. This thesis aims to contribute to the conceptualisation and operationalisation of adaptive capacity, as well as proffering new case studies to the empirical body of evidence on adaptation and adaptive capacity (Aconcagua Basin in Chile, Rhone Basin in Switzerland). It attempts to bridge the conceptual gap by contributing a more nuanced conceptualisation and operationalisation of adaptive capacity, through better understanding how the governance context and mechanisms within those frameworks contribute to an enabling environment for adaptive capacity. It also seeks to better understand the challenges in generating adaptive capacity across temporal and spatial scales and in so doing, generate a framing of adaptive capacity that better serves policy and decision makers.
Sweden, the USSR and the early Cold War 1944–47: declassified encrypted cables shed new light on Soviet diplomatic reporting about Sweden in the aftermath of World War II

In March 1946 the Soviet government decided to radically revise their policy towards Sweden. The Soviet demand, ever since November 1944, for the total extradition of the approximately 30,000 Baltic refugees in Sweden was suddenly dropped and a number of measures were taken by Moscow to accomplish a rapprochement between the two countries. On the basis of recently declassified Soviet encrypted diplomatic correspondence between the Soviet mission in Stockholm and the Soviet foreign ministry for the years 1944–1947, this article analyses the way in which the Soviet envoy to Sweden, Il'ia Chernyshev, represented Swedish affairs before his superiors in Moscow, and how these representations may have contributed to Moscow's decision to revise its policy towards Sweden.