SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The GEOSS solution for enabling data interoperability and integrative research

Global sustainability research requires an integrative research effort underpinned by digital infrastructures (systems) able to harness data and heterogeneous information across disciplines. Digital data and information sharing across systems and applications is achieved by implementing interoperability: a property of a product or system to work with other products or systems, present or future. There are at least three main interoperability challenges a digital infrastructure must address: technological, semantic, and organizational. In recent years, important international programs and initiatives are focusing on such an ambitious objective. This manuscript presents and combines the studies and the experiences carried out by three relevant projects, focusing on the heavy metal domain: Global Mercury Observation System, Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), and INSPIRE. This research work recognized a valuable interoperability service bus (i.e., a set of standards models, interfaces, and good practices) proposed to characterize the integrative research cyber-infrastructure of the heavy metal research community. In the paper, the GEOSS common infrastructure is discussed implementing a multidisciplinary and participatory research infrastructure, introducing a possible roadmap for the heavy metal pollution research community to join GEOSS as a new Group on Earth Observation community of practice and develop a research infrastructure for carrying out integrative research in its specific domain.
A Comparison between Chemical Synthesis Magnetite Nanoparticles and Biosynthesis Magnetite

The preparation of Fe 3 O 4 from ferrous salt by air in alkaline aqueous solution at various temperatures was proposed. The synthetic magnetites have different particle size distributions. We studied the properties of the magnetite prepared by chemical methods compared with magnetotactic bacterial nanoparticles. The results show that crystallite size, morphology, and particle size distribution of chemically prepared magnetite at 293 K are similar to biosynthesis of magnetite. The new preparation of Fe 3 O 4 helps to explain the mechanism of formation of magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria. The products are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectra, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Drug development from natural products: exploiting synergistic effects.

Drug development in phytomedicine has been focused in the past on the discovery and analysis of new structures from natural products. The search aimed at the determination of the single "active principle" in plants, based on the assumption that a plant has one or a few ingredients which determine its therapeutic effects. But traditional systems of medicines like Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicine or the European phytotherapy generally assume that a synergy of all ingredients of the plants will bring about the maximum of therapeutic efficacy. This approach has for long been impossible to investigate since adequate methods to standardize complex plant mixtures as well as to rationalize complex mode of actions were lacking. The introduction of high throughput technologies provides the opportunity to determine profiles of plants and to systematically explore the mode of action of combinatory drug regimes. The present review highlights the concept of synergy and gives examples of synergistic effects of plant constituents. It elaborates on how the high throughput technologies can be used in drug development from natural products with the aim of creating evidence-based plant medications in prevention and treatment of different diseases in the form of new single treatments or new combinatory drug regimes while exploiting synergy-effects.
Digital turn in europe: strengthening relational reliance through technology

TRUST promotes an interdisciplinary research program, involving academic and non-academic institutions, in order to understand the role of trust in the implementation of digital technologies and suggest actual means of development. Assuming that the digital transformation of European society can be fully achieved only if technologies evolve in a trustworthy environment, the project analyses the mutual influence between trust and digital technologies in order to raise relational reliance in people-to-people, people-to-business and people-to-authorities interactions.
The attention is on blockchain technology (BCT) as one of the most relevant forms of Distributed Ledger Technology. BCT is considered a trust-building machine as it creates new forms of relational reliance. BCT projects the issue of trust in a new dimension that we intend to explore, in adherence with the initiatives and key actions promoted by the EC in the Communication “Shaping Europe’s digital future” (COM (2020) 67final), where it is remarked that trust and digital transformation of society go hand-in-hand.
The research and knowledge transfer programme evolves around key topics, such as: the development of a suitable regulatory framework for the effective integration of BTC in a trust-based society; the transition towards a fair and competitive peer to peer economy; the applications of BTC in the field of AI, to assure security and trust; the development of new models of collaborative governance for smart and trust-based cities. 
The consortium gathers expertise from different backgrounds (legal, economic, engineering), belonging to EU countries, as well as Israel and China. Complementary research perspectives, innovative training and international/intersectoral cooperation will boost staff careers development by studying how the use of digital technologies can shape a trustworthy European environment, in which citizens are empowered in how they act and interact, and promote economic growth as well.
Exhaust gas purification system

The advent of international sea transport, which now carries over 90% of worldwide trade, has shaped an interconnected global economy, but at a cost to our planet’s ecosystem. Maritime transport annually emits >1 billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulphur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are known to lead to significant health and environmental problems. Approximately 90% of city dwellers in Europe are exposed to pollutants at concentrations higher than the air quality levels deemed harmful to health. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has addressed these concerns by introducing regulations for the prevention of air pollution under Annex VI of the MARPOL Convention (known as IMO2020). This regulation has been adopted by 177 states. Annex VI imposes a framework of mandatory limits on emissions of SOx and NOx and will come into effect in January 2020. As it is estimated that <1% of the worldwide fleet is currently operating within these regulatory limits for sulphur emissions for open ocean areas, there is a major need in the shipping market to provide a solution that is commercially feasible and can comply with the impending air emission regulations. DAPHNE has thus developed SulPure: an innovative exhaust gas purification system. SulPure is an all-in-one, ready to install, turnkey solution for the shipping industry that simultaneously removes both SOx and NOx pollutants from marine engine exhaust gas, which is an unparalleled feat in the gas cleaning industry. It is also easier to install and maintain than conventional systems and is cheaper than state-of-the-art scrubbers. By servicing only 32 ships (of the potential ~53 000 vessels) with SulPure by 2023, DAPHNE’s revenue will be EUR 63 million. Market and competitive analysis by the world’s largest classification society, DNV GL, and support letters from major European shipowners show that DAPHNE’s SulPure is the most attractive and competitive solution and attest to its potential.
TOOTHBRUSH HEAD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

The invention relates to a toothbrush head comprising a plurality of substantially peduncular, elastic cleaning elements that are fastened on a cleaning element support, preferably combined to tufts, and project from the support. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a toothbrush head. The invention is characterized by not using conventional bristles or filaments as the cleaning elements, which bristles or filaments are always produced from individual plastic fibers which are shortened to the required length of the bristles and combined to tufts. The invention allows to replace the aforementioned bristles or filaments having nondirectional mechanical properties, i.e. properties that are identical in all directions at an angle to the longitudinal axis, with film strips as the cleaning elements, said strips being produced from a sheet of film by suitable methods of separation. The required mechanical, especially directional properties are conferred on the film strips by suitably choosing the starting film, especially in terms of its thickness and composition, and by suitably choosing the geometry thereof. The invention allows to confer on the film strips, in a simple manner, different mechanical properties such as flexural strength, elasticity, recovery, bending deflection in different directions at an angle to their longitudinal axis.
Metamorphic P-T path and zircon U-Pb dating of HP mafic granulites in the Yushugou granulite-peridotite complex, Chinese South Tianshan, NW China

Abstract Co-existing granulite and peridotite may represent relics of the paleo-suture zone and provides an optimal opportunity for better understanding of orogeny between two blocks. In this study, we carried out petrological and U-Pb zircon dating investigation on the HP mafic granulites associated with peridotite complex at Yushugou in Chinese South Tianshan. The studied samples include garnet-bearing high-pressure mafic granulites which can be subdivided into two types: Type I orthopyroxene-free and Type II orthopyroxene-bearing granulites and amphibolite. Type I granulite (Y21-2) has a mineral assemblage of garnet (33 vol.%), clinopyroxene (32 vol.%) and plagioclase (30 vol.%); and Type II granulite (Y18-8) has a mineral assemblage of garnet (22 vol.%), clinopyroxene (10 vol.%), orthopyroxene (14 vol.%), plagioclase (45 vol.%) and quartz. Garnet in both granulites exhibits core-rim structure characterized by increasing grossular and decreasing pyrope from core to rim. Petrographic observations and phase equilibrium modeling using THERMOCALC in the NCFMASHTO system for the mafic granulites (Y21-2 and Y18-8) show three stages of metamorphism: Stage I (granulite facies) was recognized by the large porphyroblastic garnet core, with P-T conditions of 9.8–10.4 Kbar and 860–900 °C (Y21-2) and 9.9–10.6 Kbar and 875–890 °C (Y18-8), respectively; Stage II (HP granulite facies) has peak P-T conditions of 12.1 Kbar at 755 °C (Y21-2) and 13.8 Kbar at 815 °C (Y18-8) using mineral assemblages combining with garnet rim compositions with maximum grossular and minimum pyrope contents; Stage III (amphibolite facies) was characterized by the development of calcic amphibole in granulites with temperature of 446–563 °C. Therefore, an anticlockwise P-T path characterized by simultaneous temperature-decreasing and pressure-increasing was inferred for the Yushugou HP mafic granulite. Studies of zircon morphology and inclusions, combined with zircon U-Pb dating and REE geochemistry indicate that their protolith’s ages of the mafic granulites were ∼430 Ma, while the metamorphism could occur at three stages with ages of ∼390 Ma, ∼340 Ma and ∼320 Ma, which may correspond to Stage I, II and III, respectively. We interpret the HP mafic granulites from the Yushugou granulite-peridotite complex to be formed by the cooling subduction of the lower crustal rocks from the hanging wall of central Tianshan block during the northward subduction of the south Tianshan paleo-ocean from Devonian to Carboniferous.
Advances in clarifying the phylogenetic relationships of acacias: Relevance for biological control

Biological control of invasive Australian acacias will benefit from recent advances in resolving the phylogenetic relationships of Acacia s.l. and Acacia s.s. (“Australian acacias”) within the subfamily Mimosoideae. Some of the phytophage taxa associated with Acacia s.s. display fidelity to a derived clade within the genus. This derived clade contains most of the Acacia s.s. species that have become problematic around the world. Phytophages that are demonstrably restricted to species within the derived clade pose essentially no risk to species outside Acacia s.s.. In contrast, prospective agents able to develop on species in the basal lineages of Acacia s.s. would require more-expansive testing because Acacia s.s. is closely related to the Ingeae, and then sequentially to the genera Acaciella , Mariosousa and Senegalia . Importantly, Vachellia is distantly related to Acacia s.s., being nested in basal Mimoseae lineages, and is thus less likely to be at risk than previously envisaged. Elucidation of these trends shows the benefits of having a comprehensive knowledge of the phylogeny of plants and phytophages under consideration for biological control. ► Improved resolution of phylogenetic relationships within Mimosoideae are presented. ► several phytophage taxa exhibit fidelity to a derived clade within Acacia s.s. ► most invasive Australian acacias are representatives of this derived clade. ► agent screening for biological control of invasive Australian acacias is rationalized.
Processing machine for machining a workpiece or a blank

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bearbeitungsmaschine zur spanenden Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks oder eines Rohlings, insbesondere zur Herstellung eines Zahnersatzteils oder eines Gebissmodells. Die Bearbeitungsmaschine weist eine Spannzange zur Halterung eines Werkzeugs zu einer Bearbeitung des Werkstücks oder des Rohlings auf, sowie ein Werkzeugmagazin zur Bereithaltung von mehreren Werkzeugen, wobei die Bearbeitungsmaschine dazu ausgebildet ist, mit der Spannzange automatisch eines der in dem Werkzeugmagazin bereitgehaltenen Werkzeuge (4) aufzunehmen und wie zur Bearbeitung vorgesehen zu Haltern. Das Werkzeugmagazin weist ein Halteelement (6') zur Bereithaltung des einen Werkzeugs (4) auf, wobei das Halteelement (6') eine, zylinderförmig um eine Achse (L) ausgebildete, ringförmig geschlossene Führungsfläche (1.1) aufweist, die dazu ausgestaltet ist, einen Schaftbereich (4.1) des einen Werkzeugs (4) zu umschließen. Durch die ringförmige Führungsfläche (1.1) ist eine besonders sichere Halterung des Werkzeugs (4) ermöglicht.
Trend in incidence of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly and over-aged stroke patients between 2003 and 2007 in Greece

The aim of this study is to identify the main cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in patients over 65 years with ischemic stroke. This is a retrospective study in 175 patients that were hospitalized in our department due to ischemic stroke in the period 2006–2007. The patients were divided in two groups: Group I – elderly (65–80 years) and Group II – over-aged (≥81 years). The results were compared with a similar study performed in our department in the period 2002–2003 in 160 ischemic stroke patients. Statistical analysis was made by the χ 2 -test. Hypertension, either alone or in combination with other CRFs, constitutes the main CRF. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is not frequently the sole CRF but its coexistence with other CRFs ranks DM as the second most important CRF, with the largest percentage in the elderly. Dyslipipidemia is 4th CRF in order following the coronary heart disease (CHD). Taking into account that the provision of acute therapeutic intervention in elderly and over-aged ischemic stroke patients is in most cases difficult, because of their age and the high risk of thrombolysis in these patients, there is increased need to focus on primary prevention of ischemic stroke by treating associated CRF.
Journey of a Lifetime: From the Sticks to the State Library—An Aboriginal Editor’s Story

This paper is a multi-layered sharing of personal, cultural and professional journeys that has led me to becoming an Aboriginal Editor with the blackw 'I've got no friends,' 'I won't have any money because you won't let me go and get a job,' 'I'll be the only blackfella there' and so on. But they stood their ground, both united and unbreakable, so I reluctantly raised the red, black and yellow flag of surrender and accepted my parents' decision. I got with the program.I was terrified on my first day when I walked into a classroom full of white students. My Aboriginal friends had left school at grade ten and the initial feeling of isolation and being so alone was reflected by my heart racing like Phar Lap and my head lowered looking at the dusty floor of the classroom, not daring to glance up at the sea of unfamiliar white faces.As I had deliberately dawdled to my homeroom, when I arrived all the seats were taken. I mumbled my arrival to the home teacher and then she did something outrageous. …
New Mechanistic–Empirical Approach for Estimating the Effect of Roughness on Vehicle Durability

Vehicle manufacturers place a major focus on improving the design of vehicle components to respond better to changes in road surface profiles. Nevertheless, changes in the surface profile still directly affect user costs including repair and maintenance (R&amp;M) costs and damage to goods. For example, AASHTO reported that poor road conditions added an estimated $76.8 billion to transport costs annually. The objective here is to estimate the effect of roughness, as expressed by the international roughness index, on vehicle durability and R&amp;M costs. First, the R&amp;M costs of Zaniewski et al. (the latest comprehensive research conducted in the United States) are updated by multiplying their reported costs by the inflation rate of R&amp;M costs between 1982 and 2007. Then a mechanistic–empirical (M-E) methodology is proposed to estimate the effect of roughness on R&amp;M costs. The proposed approach is based on fatigue damage analysis by using numerical modeling of the vehicle response. Finally, the results from the M-E approach are compared with the empirical results (updated Zaniewski tables) and found to be very close up to 5 m/km. The standard error is about 2%. Also, a case study of the I-69 section near Lansing, Michigan, is presented. This detailed analysis is useful for identifying those segments of the road within a project that cause higher operating costs to the traveling vehicles. These localized rough sections could then be subject to maintenance activities in order to remedy the problem.
METHODS AND APPARATUSES TO ACCESS ADVERTISEMENTS THROUGH VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL (VOIP) APPLICATIONS

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) terminals with integrated user interface for accessing and/or managing advertisements that provide telephonic contact information. In one embodiment, a method includes: receiving a user input in a user interface of a VoIP telephonic apparatus to specify one or more search terms; submitting the one or more search terms from the telephonic apparatus to a server ; receiving one or more advertisements containing one or more references to telephonic contact information as a result of a search performed using the one or more search terms; displaying the one or more advertisements in the user interface of the VoIP telephonic apparatus; receiving a user indication in the user interface of the VoIP telephonic apparatus to call an advertiser of the one or more advertisements; and initiating a telephonic call to the advertiser according to the one or more advertisements using the VoIP telephonic apparatus.
A literature survey on energy–growth nexus

Abstract This paper provides a survey of the recent progress in the literature of energy consumption–economic growth and electricity consumption–economic growth causality nexus. The survey highlights that most empirical studies focus on either testing the role of energy (electricity) in stimulating economic growth or examining the direction of causality between these two variables. Although the positive role of energy on growth has become a stylized fact, there are some methodological reservations about the results from these empirical studies. A general observation from these studies is that the literature produced conflicting results and there is no consensus neither on the existence nor on the direction of causality between energy consumption (electricity consumption) and economic growth. As a policy implication, to avoid from conflicting and unreliable results, the authors may use the autoregressive distributed lags bounds test, two-regime threshold co-integration models, panel data approach and multivariate models including new variables (such as: real gross fixed capital formation, labor force, carbon dioxide emissions, population, exchange rates, interest rates, etc.). Thus, the authors should focus more on the new approaches and perspectives rather than by employing usual methods based on a set of common variables for different countries and different intervals of time.
Leverage points for sustainability transformation

Despite substantial focus on sustainability issues in both science and politics, humanity remains on largely unsustainable development trajectories. Partly, this is due to the failure of sustainability science to engage with the root causes of unsustainability. Drawing on ideas by Donella Meadows, we argue that many sustainability interventions target highly tangible, but essentially weak, leverage points (i.e. using interventions that are easy, but have limited potential for transformational change). Thus, there is an urgent need to focus on less obvious but potentially far more powerful areas of intervention. We propose a research agenda inspired by systems thinking that focuses on transformational ‘sustainability interventions’, centred on three realms of leverage: reconnecting people to nature, restructuring institutions and rethinking how knowledge is created and used in pursuit of sustainability. The notion of leverage points has the potential to act as a boundary object for genuinely transformational sustainability science.
A background-free experiment to discover the nature of neutrinos based  on single barium atom light detection

Searching for neutrinoless double beta decays (NLDBD) is the only practical way to establish if the neutrinos are their own antiparticles, a discovery of enormous importance for particle physics and cosmology. Due to the smallness of neutrino masses, the lifetime of NLDBD is expected to be much longer than the ones from the noise associated with the natural radioactive chains. A positive identification of NLDBD decays requires finding a signal that cannot be mimicked by radioactive backgrounds. In particular,  the NLDBD decay of Xe-136 could be established by detecting the doubly ionized daughter atom, Ba2+ created in the decay. Such a detection could be achieved via a sensor made of a monolayer of molecular indicators. The Ba2+ would be captured by one of the molecules in the sensor, and the presence of the single Ba2+-complexed indicator would be subsequently revealed by a fluorescent response after interrogation with a laser system. Our proposed sensor is based on a new type of molecular bicolor fluorescent indicators, able to shift their emission spectra when complexed with Ba2+. The interrogation and detection system will be based in fast, two photon absorption microscopy.

The primary goals of this proposal are: 1, a full demonstration of the feasibility of a sensor capable of detecting single Ba2+ ions in a High Pressure Xenon Chamber (HPXe), and 2) the construction of a large HPXe demonstrator, the BOLD detector, which will implement a full Barium Tagging Detector System and will demonstrate the feasibility of building a background-free experiment at the ton-scale, with large discovery potential.