SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Stream network geomorphology mediates predicted vulnerability of anadromous fish habitat to hydrologic change in southeast Alaska

In rivers supporting Pacific salmon in southeast Alaska, USA, regional trends toward a warmer, wetter climate are predicted to increase mid- and late-21st-century mean annual flood size by 17% and 28%, respectively. Increased flood size could alter stream habitats used by Pacific salmon for reproduction, with negative consequences for the substantial economic, cultural, and ecosystem services these fish provide. We combined field measurements and model simulations to estimate the potential influence of future flood disturbance on geomorphic processes controlling the quality and extent of coho, chum, and pink salmon spawning habitat in over 800 southeast Alaska watersheds. Spawning habitat responses varied widely across watersheds and among salmon species. Little variation among watersheds in potential spawning habitat change was explained by predicted increases in mean annual flood size. Watershed response diversity was mediated primarily by topographic controls on stream channel confinement, reach-scale geomorphic associations with spawning habitat preferences, and complexity in the pace and mode of geomorphic channel responses to altered flood size. Potential spawning habitat loss was highest for coho salmon, which spawn over a wide range of geomorphic settings, including steeper, confined stream reaches that are more susceptible to streambed scour during high flows. We estimated that 9-10% and 13-16% of the spawning habitat for coho salmon could be lost by the 2040s and 2080s, respectively, with losses occurring primarily in confined, higher-gradient streams that provide only moderate-quality habitat. Estimated effects were lower for pink and chum salmon, which primarily spawn in unconfined floodplain streams. Our results illustrate the importance of accounting for valley and reach-scale geomorphic features in watershed assessments of climate vulnerability, especially in topographically complex regions. Failure to consider the geomorphic context of stream networks will hamper efforts to understand and mitigate the vulnerability of anadromous fish habitat to climate-induced hydrologic change.
Confined catalysis in layered materials – a transformational approach for efficient water splitting

Sustainable solution for global energy crisis is firmly associated with seeking energy sources other than fossil fuel. In this respect, the production of hydrogen through water splitting (WS) has been regarded as the greenest approach to power the globe. At present, the issue of realizing active and stable material capable of catalyzing WS in all pH ranges is unsolved. CoCaWS aims at exploring new efficient catalysts for overall WS to tackle the problem of global energy crisis through ecofriendly hydrogen production. I hereby propose to study a new class of efficient catalysts based on composite two dimensional (2D) layered nanomaterials. I employ the concept of confined catalysis, catalytic activities taking place in a unique nanoscale environment partitioned from the surrounding bulk space, to ensure long term efficient production of H2 from water. The van der Waals (vdW) gaps between the layers will serve as a suitable platform to confine another active species. Through this approach, I aim at solving the most critical problems in the field such as catalytic functionality in neutral media for metals or alloys and poor basal plane activity in layered 2D materials. I will make use of the most conducive research environment in UNIVE to acquire new skill/knowledge and broaden my basic knowledge on advanced characterization techniques and data interpretations. The knowledge of physical chemistry, material science, condensed mater physics, and computational chemists will be involved to confront with the complexity of the task through smooth interaction with researchers in the Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems of UNIVE. The project, up on completion, will provide a significant stepping-stone in the quest for responding the escalating demand of greenest energy source. I will make every possible effort to disseminate/communicate the outcomes of CoCaWS to broad audiences ranging from schoolchildren to researchers.
Cellular position tracking using dna origami barcodes

The research I propose here will provide an enabling technology; spatially resolved transcriptomics, to address important problems in cell- and developmental-biology, in particular: How are stem cells in the skin and gut proliferating without turning into cancers? How are differentiated cells related, in their transcriptome and spatial positions, to their progenitors?

To investigate these problems on a molecular level and open up paths to find completely new spatiotemporal interdependencies in complex biological systems, I propose to use our newly developed DNA-origami strategy (Benson et al, Nature, 523 p. 441 (2015) ), combined with a combinatorial cloning technique, to build a new method for deep mRNA sequencing of tissue with single-cell resolution. These new types of origami are stable in physiological salt conditions and opens up their use in in-vivo applications.

In DNA-origami we can control the exact spatial position of all nucleotides. By folding the scaffold to display sequences for hybridization of fluorophores conjugated to DNA, we can create optical nano-barcodes.  By using structures made out of DNA, the patterns of the optical barcodes will be readable both by imaging and by sequencing, thus enabling the creation of a mapping between cell locations in an organ and the mRNA expression of those cells.

We will use the method to perform spatially resolved transcriptomics in small organs: the mouse hair follicle, and small intestine crypt, and also perform the procedure for multiple samples collected at different time points. This will enable a high-dimensional data analysis that most likely will expose previously unknown dependencies that would provide completely new knowledge about how these biological systems work. By studying these systems, we will uncover much more information on how stem cells contribute to regeneration, the issue of de-differentiation that is a common theme in these organs and the effect this might have on the origin of cancer.
BALANCING ELEMENT FOR BALANCING A FRICTION CLUTCH

The invention relates to a balancing element for balancing a friction clutch, comprising at least the following components: a head for forming a stop with a corresponding counter-component; a knurled shank for cutting into a corresponding opening of the counter-component; and a relief shoulder between the head and the knurled shank, said relief shoulder being arranged in such a way that the diameter of the shoulder is less than or equal to the head-side diameter of the corresponding opening. The balancing element of the invention permits a balancing element to be introduced on one side, said element being captively fixed to the friction clutch while also not (excessively) deforming the counter-component.
Protective association of colonoscopy against proximal and distal colon cancer and patterns in interval cancer

The protective effect of colonoscopy against proximal colorectal cancer is variable and depends on the detection and complete removal of precancerous polyps.To estimate the efficacy of colonoscopy in a medical center with open-access screening colonoscopy since 1998.Nested case-control study with incidence density sampling.University-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center.Colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and control subjects selected from screening age patients matched by age, gender, and date of first primary care visit.Colonoscopy preceding the CRC diagnosis date.A total of 20.2% of CRC cases had a colonoscopy in the preceding 10 years compared with 49.0% of control subjects (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.11-0.34). Colonoscopy was strongly associated with decreased odds of both distal CRC (aOR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.07-0.34) and proximal CRC (aOR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.11-0.58). The fraction of cases attributed to interval cancers was 10.5%. Missed lesions predominantly localized to the cecum and rectum, and recurrent lesions clustered in the hepatic flexure. Cecal intubation rate was 93% (98% in adequately prepped patients), and the adenoma detection rate was 45.2% in the control group.Single-center, retrospective case-control design.In an open access colonoscopy program characterized by a high cecal intubation rate and adenoma detection rate, colonoscopy was strongly associated with reduced odds of both distal and proximal CRC. Among interval cancers, missed lesions clustered in the cecum and rectum and recurrent lesions in the hepatic flexure.
Stability analysis and response of nonlinear rotor-seal system

In this paper, we study the stability of the nonlinear rotor-seal system using Liapunov’s first method. The mathematical solutions using multiple scales up to and including second order approximations is investigated. We extract all resonance cases from analytical solution and investigated. It is quite clear that some of the simultaneous resonance cases are undesirable in the design of such system as they represent some of the worst behavior of the system. The effects of various parameters on the behavior of the system and stability of the system are investigated numerically by response curve. Poincare maps are used to determine stability and plot bifurcation diagrams.
Package frame and method of manufacturing semiconductor package using the same

A package frame includes a plurality of unit regions disposed on one surface of the package frame, a peripheral region surrounding the unit regions on the one surface, and a wrinkled structure disposed on the one surface in the peripheral region. A first surface of the wrinkled structure extends from the one surface and is disposed at a different level than the one surface. Each of the unit regions includes a plurality of conductive pads.
Probing local ros distributions in calcium signaling microdomains after myocardial infarction

An increasing number of people suffer cardiovascular diseases and experience myocardial infarction (MI). The subsequent heart remodeling is characterized by weaker contractility, hypertrophy and lethal arrhythmias. The poorly-understood underlying mechanism is related to calcium (Ca2+) mishandling in cardiomyocytes and oxidative stress. To date, most of the studies described global cellular processes and were unable to propose efficient therapies. 

This work will decipher the structural and functional local organization of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at Ca2+ signaling microdomains: at the vicinity of ryanodine receptors (RyR). Our knowledge is drastically hampered by the lack of local, quantitative and time-resolved ROS probes. We will thus combine the host laboratory competence in cardiac signaling and physiology, and the applicant expertise in ROS luminescent probes in order to quantify the RyR signaling domains remodeling through: (1) the measurement of local ROS production dynamics by NOX2 complexes, and (2) the imaging of the structural remodeling of the microdomains. This research will propose specific molecular targets to better diagnose and potentially reverse heart remodeling after infarction, contributing thus to solve a major public health issue in Europe. 

The experienced researcher (ER) will gain new technical and conceptual skills in physiology which will reinforce her multi-disciplinary profile and qualify her to lead, in a close future, her independent research activity.
Do State capacity dimensions differently affect policy areas performance?

Research objective: To analyze the determinants of governmental performance, assuming that policy sectors have different state capacities and produce heterogeneous effects on their performance. &#x0D; Theoretical Framework: Grounded in the neo-Weberian bureaucracy and public governance debates, the inquiry tests if policy sectors (government core; infrastructure; productive development; security/citizenship, and social/environmental) present different state capacities and produce heterogeneous effects on outputs and outcomes.&#x0D; Methodology: The research uses a survey applied to over three thousand civil servants of the Brazilian federal public administration to create composite variables of performance and state capacities dimensions, then descriptively compare these variables and run a multivariate regression to test the hypotheses. &#x0D; Results: The paper confirms that the degree of state capacity development impacts the bureaucrats’ perception of performance and, secondly, these effects are quite diverse on the organizational outputs and outcomes. However, their variation among policy areas is not as expressive as expected. The findings reinforce recent studies that claim that governmental investment in state capacity became broader and more inclusive as it incorporated several agencies that do not belong to the classical “pocket of efficiency.”&#x0D; Originality: Based on an original dataset, the research shows insights at advancing the study of state capacity, governance, and public sector performance. The comparative analyzes are unprecedented as it encompasses simultaneously crucial dimensions of the public service in Brazil, such as meritocracy, autonomy, relationship, skills, resources and, accountability. &#x0D; Theoretical and Practical Contributions: In theoretical terms, the paper tests essential hypotheses concerning the federal government bureaucracy and performance, mostly restricted to the international literature. It also explores the policy sectors' heterogeneity and how it affects their performance, shedding light on the need for a more inclusive and comprehensive civil service and management policy.
Matrix degrading macrophages in cancer growth and invasion

Solid tumors consist of malignant cancer cells in constant interaction with the extracellular matrix and different types of non-malignant cells. Notably, these cells include macrophages which, during cancer progression, take part in an extensive degradation of the extracellular matrix. This process leads to destruction of the normal tissue and facilitates metastatic spread.
It is now evident that tumor-infiltrating macrophages have a strong impact on cancer progression and this has led to the suggestion that therapeutic targeting of these cells could form the basis of a powerful new type of cancer treatment.  However, there is a strong need for increased understanding of the function of these tumor-associated macrophages in order to optimize the development of such new therapy. Most importantly, different subtypes of macrophages exist, but how these subtypes affect cancer progression and whether they contribute to the cancer-associated extracellular matrix degradation is very incompletely understood.
In this proposed project I aim to elucidate the exact role of different subtypes of macrophages for cancer progression and for the accompanying extracellular matrix degradation. By using several experimental state-of-the-art techniques, I will directly examine the effect of different subtypes of macrophages on cancer growth and invasion. These techniques include two-photon microscopy, flow cytometry based cell sorting, next-generation sequencing, cell biology assays, and mouse genetic engineering. In particular, I am currently developing transgenic mice that allow both the visualization of specific macrophage subsets using fluorescence microscopy and the specific depletion of these cell populations. When combined with tumor models, these mice will provide unique insight about the importance of the cell types in question.
The study will add significantly to our knowledge about macrophages in cancer biology and aid in the development of new cancer therapy strategies.
A hydrophilic polymer material

The Danish SME Jonsman Innovation ApS will target a major market opportunity through the market introduction of a new thermoplastic polymer (Tensistat) that creates truly hydrophilic devices right after injection moulding or extrusion. Like other thermoplastic materials, Tensistat can be used for many applications, but our R&D focus was to develop the best polymer for applications where hydrophilicity is mandatory for performance and safety (e.g. single-use medical devices such as diagnostic consumables, tubing for injectors, catheters and microfluidic devices). As devices produced with Tensistat are hydrophilic directly from the moulding machine, no post-processing, e.g. hydrophilic coatings are needed, meaning cheaper, safer and more reliable devices. 
By ensuring and demonstrating a maximum level of effectiveness and complying with the regulatory requirements, we will attain a key differentiating factor in order to gain access to the market. 
Initially, this will require a Phase 1 feasibility study that will give us a clear direction for our demonstration and market introduction strategies. Later, based on proven feasibility, in the Phase 2 project we will gather the necessary documentation to reach regulatory approval, so Tensistat can be used in the manufacturing of medical and microfluidics devices. Still, we will demonstrate the technical and economic benefits of Tensistat in these segments, to generate enough consumer confidence and facilitate broader market uptake. If the objectives for Phase 1 and 2 are successfully achieved, we will be favourably positioned towards a very large opportunity for Jonsman Innovation. Accordingly, we foresee a cumulative revenue of more than €29.7 million, 5 years after commercialization of the Tensistat material.
Optimizing User Interface Layouts via Gradient Descent

Automating parts of the user interface (UI) design process has been a longstanding challenge. We present an automated technique for optimizing the layouts of mobile UIs. Our method uses gradient descent on a neural network model of task performance with respect to the model's inputs to make layout modifications that result in improved predicted error rates and task completion times. We start by extending prior work on neural network based performance prediction to 2-dimensional mobile UIs with an expanded interaction space. We then apply our method to two UIs, including one that the model had not been trained on, to discover layout alternatives with significantly improved predicted performance. Finally, we confirm these predictions experimentally, showing improvements up to 9.2 percent in the optimized layouts. This demonstrates the algorithm's efficacy in improving the task performance of a layout, and its ability to generalize and improve layouts of new interfaces.
Assessment of Forest Degradation in Vietnam Using Landsat Time Series Data

Landsat time series data were used to characterize forest degradation in Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. We conducted three types of image change analyses using Landsat time series data to characterize the land cover changes. Our analyses concentrated on the timeframe of 1973–2014, with much emphasis on the latter part of that range. We conducted a field trip through Lam Dong Province to develop a better understanding of the ground conditions of the region, during which we obtained many photographs of representative forest sites with Global Positioning System locations to assist us in our image interpretations. High-resolution Google Earth imagery and Landsat data of the region were used to validate results. In general, our analyses indicated that many land-use changes have occurred throughout Lam Dong Province, including gradual forest to non-forest transitions. Recent changes are most marked along the relatively narrow interfaces between agricultural and forest areas that occur towards the boundaries of the province. One important observation is that the most highly protected national reserves in the region have not changed much over the entire Landsat timeframe (1972–present). Spectral changes within these regions have not occurred at the same levels as those areas adjacent to the reserves.
APPARATUS, METHOD OR COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR PROCESSING A SOUND FIELD REPRESENTATION IN A SPATIAL TRANSFORM DOMAIN

An apparatus for processing a sound field representation related to a defined reference point or a defined listening orientation for the sound field representation, comprises: a sound field processor for processing the sound field representation using a deviation of a target listening position from the defined reference point or of a target listening orientation from the defined listening orientation, so that a processed sound field description is obtained, wherein the processed sound field description, when rendered, provides an impression of the sound field representation at the target listening position being different from the defined reference point or for the target listening orientation being different from the defined listening orientation, or for processing the sound field representation using a spatial filter so that the processed sound field description is obtained, wherein the processed sound field description, when rendered, provides an impression of a spatially filtered sound field description, wherein the sound field processor (1000) is configured to process the sound field representation so that the deviation or the spatial filter (1030) is applied in a spatial transform domain having associated therewith a forward transform rule (1021) and a backward transform rule (1051).
Aerial situational awareness for every firefighter

Fotokite aims to provide firefighting and public safety teams with a new tool to safely and easily access aerial situational awareness information to help in their mission to save lives and preserve property. Fotokite has developed a vehicle-integrated and tethered UAV technology to deliver mission-critical information to firefighters during emergency response situations. Use of drones at the exploration of emergency zones is limited due to safety, regulatory, and technical capabilities. Drones that are piloted manually are prone to user error, unsafe in cities and around crowds of people, and do not scale operationally. Flight time is also a fundamental limitation, as free flying systems are generally limited to 20-30 minutes of flight time. Despite these disadvantages, traditional drones are increasingly used to improve Public Safety team operations.
Fotokite’s tethered UAV systems can be launched from the fire trucks autonomously, with the single push of a button. Fotokite systems fly themselves and stream live thermal + visual video to firefighters on the ground, providing mission-critical situational awareness to help lifesaving operations. 
Fotokite has immediately created a substantial demand, proven by strong customer feedback and significant market uptake. Fotokite systems have successfully been implemented in live fire responses, search & rescue missions, and training exercises to help firefighting teams.
Revenue is generated by selling hardware systems for an upfront cost plus an annual service contract subscription, which includes dedicated support, remote data accessibility for teams, and secure data management services. The requested grant is needed to develop scaled-up manufacturing processes and significantly accelerate market introduction with this game-changing technology. Successful and wide-scale implementation will help improve the safety of firefighting and public safety teams and increase effectiveness on public lifesaving operations.