SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Exploiting the legacy of central european wheat landraces for improving the ecological adaptation ability of wheat

Wheat the most important food crop in Europe with an increasing demand to preserve its production potential to ensure long-term food security. However, wheat is facing such challenges as climate change and the severe genetic bottleneck of cultivated wheat imposed by domestication, cannot surmount such difficulties. Wheat landraces are better adapted than modern cultivars to changing climate conditions and to stress environments. The conservation and effective management of crop diversity are thus essential to prepare future plant cultivars to the effects of climate change. A significant loss of named landrace varieties in both Europe and worldwide already caused a massive loss of crop genetic diversity and charged a substantial risk for future food security. The transfer of genetic diversity of European landraces into modern wheat cultivars can give valuable responses for climate change effects. The present study aims to introduce a high throughput state of the art genotyping system into the Hungarian breeding research to analyse the genetic diversity of the Central European landrace collection. The 15K wheat genotyping array uses 12.905 gene-based, predominantly haplotype-specific Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers providing a maximum of information accompanied by low analysis costs. We will use this genotyping system to identify favourable, new alleles of stress tolerance and quality in the Central European landraces. Comparisons to modern elite bread wheat cultivars will be presented and genome-wide association study will be carried out between SNPs and agronomically important traits. Phenotypic characterizations will be performed on 200 landraces and 70 modern wheat cultivars targeting ecological adaptation, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and end-use quality. During this project we will identify new QTLs and genes, useful to improve limiting factors of grain yield, such as drought tolerance, plant phenology and resistance to diseases.
Efficient metascheduling in a cloud extended grid environment

This paper explores the application of an efficient technique for scheduling in grids and further extends it with clouds. Our approach, takes into account the available bandwidth of the link before selecting resources for job scheduling. Thus, this strategy selects the resource in such manner that along with computational capability, the ability of the resource to quickly respond to a task is also taken into account by means of using available bandwidth. Also, we are proposing here to extend this with cloud resources on demand if need arises in case of lack of grid resources. Thus, if peak demand arises in a grid environment, this approach instantiates an on demand cloud resource customized to meet the grid user requirements. The transfer time is lowered as a result of including network awareness in scheduling, which is evident from the experimental results. Providing on demand cloud resources is expected to lower the waiting times of jobs in the queue, thus improving performance. This also ensures reliability by means of providing a cloud resource thus assuring job completion.
REMOVAL OF ETHYLENE FROM SILANE

Impurities are removed from a silane stream by using a molecular sieve in combination with distillation steps which remove the initial impurities as well as the ethylsilane impurity formed as a result of the molecular sieve treatment.
The combined effect of transient wind‐driven upwelling and eddies on vertical nutrient fluxes and phytoplankton dynamics along Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia

We investigate the influence of wind stresses, stratification, and coastal mesoscale eddies on upwelling intensity, vertical nutrient fluxes, and phytoplankton biomass on the continental shelf off Ningaloo Reef in northwestern Australia during an austral spring-summer period. A three-dimensional (3-D) hydrodynamic model, ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System), was coupled with a four-component nitrogen-based biogeochemical NPZD model (Nitrogen Phytoplankton Zooplankton Detritus) to resolve the shelf circulation as well as the coupled nutrient and phytoplankton dynamics within a broad shelf region surrounding Ningaloo Reef. The simulated currents, temperatures, and chlorophyll a concentrations generally agreed well with both the remotely sensed satellite images and observational data collected during a field experiment from September to November 2010. Scenario tests for an individual wind-driven upwelling event under a variety of hypothetical physical forcing conditions showed that shelf currents and biogeochemical variables were largely a function of wind stress and stratification. However, the functional relationships derived from this single wind event could not be extrapolated to other periods of the upwelling season, due to the additional influence of 3-D mesoscale processes on the shelf. The presence, intensification, and propagation of a coastal anticyclonic eddy during the study period strongly influenced the spatial and temporal variations in nutrient profiles, which in turn caused fluctuations in vertical nutrient fluxes that were largely independent of wind stress. These results emphasize that it is necessary to fully capture the 3-D details of the mesoscale and submesoscale coastal dynamics to properly predict upwelling-induced coastal phytoplankton dynamics in eddy-intensive shelf regions such as Ningaloo Reef.
Foods for diabetes and cognition

FODIAC aims to develop a dietary solution to tackle type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction of the elderly. FODIAC will enhance the quality of R&I in Europe, promoting cooperation along the Food Value Chain. This is achieved through advanced international, intersectoral, cooperation between 7 academic and 8 industry partners. For this purpose, FODIAC assembles a European multi/interdisciplinary consortium, composed of partners in 5 countries that provide expertise in: extraction and purification of bioactive molecules, nanotechnology, nano/micro-encapsulation, toxicology, nutrition, biomarkers, clinical trial management. 
Rationale: lack of knowledge sharing among academia and industry  acts as a barrier for the development of functional foods for the elderly, who represent one of the fastest-growing population segments worldwide. 
Approach and Outcomes: FODIAC coordinates the actions of individual partners, academic and industrial, using Exchange of Staff as a tool to capitalize on complementary competences to: i) conduct joint research; ii) protect the Intellectual Property based on this research; iii) foster the transference of the generated knowledge, skills, and technology to the industrial sector; and iv) exploit research output to the benefit of society. FODIAC’s outcomes will include: i) an increase in the R&I capacity among participating partners; ii) boosting of knowledge transfer of emerging micro/nano-biotechnologies from academia to industry, to develop cost-effective processes; iii) commercialization of new functional ingredients and functional foods containing antidiabetic and cognitive-enhancing bioactive molecules; iv) acceleration of the development of dietary recommendations and interventions based on those products, to improve the quality of life of the elderly; iv) a sustainable research network of academic and industrial partners and v) the leveraging of career perspectives of individual researchers, both in and outside academic institution
A method for systematically developing the knowledge base of reactor operators in nuclear power plants to support cognitive modeling of operator performance

Abstract Methods based on cognitive modeling have attracted increasing attention in the human reliability analysis community. In such methods, the operator knowledge base plays a central role. This paper proposes a method for systematically developing the knowledge base of nuclear power plant operators. The method starts with a systematic literature review of a predefined topic. Then, the many collected publications are reduced to summaries. Relevant knowledge is then extracted from the summaries using an improved qualitative content analysis method to generate a large number of pieces of knowledge. Lastly, the pieces of knowledge are integrated in a systematic way to generate a knowledge graph consisting of nodes and links. As a case study, the proposed method is applied to develop the knowledge base of reactor operators pertaining to severe accidents in nuclear power plants. The results show that the proposed method exhibits advantages over conventional methods, including reduced reliance on expert knowledge and improved traceability of the process. Generalization of the proposed method to other sources of materials and application of the knowledge base are also discussed. Although this paper is focused on nuclear applications, the proposed method may be extended to other industrial sectors with little additional effort.
Parallel oversampled decimator filter

The decimator filter includes at least three identical undersampled filters out-of-phase with each other and connected in parallel, and an interpolator connected to the output of each filter. The decimator filter includes a triple integrator having an output connected to each of the filters. Each filter defines a channel that includes in sequence an undersampling circuit, a differentiator and a multiplier. The outputs of the multipliers are connected to an adder. The input signals to each of these channels are offset by a delay equal to one period of the oversampled frequency. Each undersampling circuit and each multiplier has a second input receiving a signal from a state machine. The decimator filter improves the required phase extraction time and the precision defined in the ISDN U interface specifications. By combining the decimation filter and the extraction functions, a device is produced in a small area, which consequently, consumes low power.
Low enriched uranium fuels for research reactors

Securing the nuclear fuel supply for European research reactors is the overall objective of the LEU-FOREvER project. Our analysis points out two main risks of shortage: (i) the very challenging conversion of High Performance Research Reactors (HPRRs) from High to Low Enriched Uranium fuels (LEU), (ii) the ROSATOM monopoly to fuel medium power research reactors (MPRRs) with original Soviet design. 
On HPRRs, a multi-disciplinary consortium composed of fuel/core designers, operators and fuel manufacturer has been built to tackle both issues. Five European organisations (AREVA NP, CEA, ILL, SCK•CEN, TUM), which compose the HERACLES group, have been strongly involved for almost 20 years now in the development of LEU fuels. To enter the qualification phase in 2021, HERACLES is pushing towards the completion of an understanding phase. The baseline lies on the development of UMo fuels and their variants. Within LEU-FOREvER, optimisation of both manufacturing process (up to the design of pilot equipment) and modelling of the in-pile behaviour of these fuels are proposed. As a result of an independent review undergone in 2015, an alternative to UMo fuels has to be considered: this will be high-loaded U3Si2. Within LEU-FOREvER, it will be optimised to prepare an ambitious in-pile test (“High PROSIT”).
For European MPRRs, the ultimate goal is to design a new core which could work with both the original ROSATOM and European elements that would be developed, licensed and qualified (“4EVERTEST”) within LEU-FOREvER. The Czech LVR-15 reactor (CV Rez) has been selected as a case study, and preliminary design by AREVA-TA is based on U3Si2/Al flat fuel plates. To improve economic competitiveness, AREVA NP will reinvestigate its manufacturing process and propose optimisations.
Strong synergies are expected between both activities. 
The modernization of research reactors appears as a key element in the mitigation of the risks surrounding the supply of isotopes, as expressed in the NFRP-11 topic.
Mucosal melanomas: Site-specific information, comparisons with cutaneous tumors, and differential diagnosis

Melanoma of the skin is the fifth leading new cancer diagnosis, having accounted for almost 77,000 cases and more than 9000 deaths in the United States in 2013. Although cutaneous neoplasms of this type are relatively common, their mucosal counterparts are not. Mucosal melanomas comprise approximately 1.3% of all melanocytic malignancies. Although they are rare, these lesions present at an advanced stage with more adverse prognoses. In addition, at a molecular level, they have proven to be distinct entities because they possess genetic mutations not usually seen in their cutaneous counterparts. Conversely, a sizable proportion of mucosal melanomas lack the gene aberrations seen in cutaneous melanomas. Such findings indicate different pathways in tumorigenesis for the two subtypes. Because melanomas arising from the mucosae are not often encountered, very little has been published on staging guidelines and prognostic factors. This causes dilemmas for both patients and physicians. Further work is necessary to define staging systems for all mucosal locations, so that accurate prognoses can be assigned to such lesions.
Household financial burden of phenylketonuria and its impact on treatment in China: a cross-sectional study

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare inborn disease, which, untreated, leading to severe neurobehavioral dysfunction. Considering its complexity, the management of PKU may bring a formidable economic burden to parents and caregivers. It is still unknown what the out-of-pocket expenses are for a patient with PKU in China. This paper explores the household financial burden of classical PKU and its impact on Chinese families in a quantitative manner for the first time.A non-interventional and observational study was conducted at the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, one of the national centers for inherited metabolic disorders in China. The medical and non-medical household financial burdens were consolidated into a questionnaire to evaluate the out-of-pocket costs (OOPCs) of PKU treatment and follow-up.The total OOPCs were USD$3766.1 (0y), USD$3795.2 (1-2 ys), USD$4657.7 (3-4 ys), USD$5979.9 (5-8 ys), and USD$5588.7 (9 ys and older) for PKU patients of different age groups. The median economic burden of classical PKU was 75.0 % of total annual family income (range 1.0-779.1 %), and 94.4 % of the families exceeding the threshold considered as catastrophic expenditure. There was a negative correlation between the financial burden and the proportion of time when Phe concentrations were in the desired target range (120-250 μmol/L) in 0-4-ys group (r = -0.474, p = 0.026).The management of PKU is associated with a severe financial burden on patients' families, which may lead to insufficient treatment or variation of blood Phe concentration. The current reimbursement policies are as yet inadequate. A national reimbursement system targeting treatment practices for PKU patients and other rare diseases across China is imperative.
Diagenesis and fracturing of a large-scale, syntectonic carbonate platform

Abstract The influence of coeval tectonics on carbonate platform development is widely documented, yet the diagenesis of such syntectonic platforms is barely evaluated. An outcrop, petrographic and geochemical study details here for the first time the diagenesis of the Tonasa Limestone Formation developed in an extensional regime in central Indonesia. This equatorial carbonate system was affected by block faulting, tilt-block rotation, differential uplift and subsidence throughout its Eocene to Early Miocene history (Wilson, 1999; Wilson et al., 2000). The Tonasa carbonate platform is dominated by alteration in shallow to deeper burial depths by fluids with predominantly marine precursor origins. Mechanical and chemical compaction features are common, as are a range of mainly burial-related granular mosaic, blocky and equant calcite cements. Earlier marine cements and meteoric influences are rare, being highly localised to block faulted highs and/or bathymetrically upstanding platform margin areas. Early marine micritisation of allochems was common on the platform top. Tectonic uplift together with a major oceanic throughflow current are thought to be key influences on localised karstification, meteoric diagenesis and marine cementation. The distribution and orientation of faults, fractures and calcite veins together with evidence for their relative timing are the strongest manifestation of tectonism coeval with diagenesis. There is concordance in the orientation and timing of structures affecting the Tonasa Platform with those basin-wide, with the potential for reactivation of pre-existing basement fabrics. Tectonic subsidence, including fault-associated differential subsidence, controlled the degree of burial diagenesis impacting different areas of the platform. A predominance of burial diagenetic features and dearth of earlier marine or meteoric cementation is seen in other Tertiary equatorial platforms and is partly attributed to: (1) predominance of non-framework building larger benthic foraminifera and/or algae that are prone to remobilisation, have low production rates and limited potential to build to sea level, and (2) high runoff due to the equatorial humid climate contributing to lowered marine salinities in SE Asia. Underlying tectonic reasons for the preponderance of a “regional” diagenetic signature over a “syntectonic” one, fracturing excepted, are: (1) development on the flanks of a backarc basin not on typical continental crust, (2) key platform influencing structures are oblique to the main extensional direction in the basin, and (3) development in an overall subsiding tectonic regime, post-dating basin initiation. The aim here is that this study will contribute to understanding diagenetic alteration of syntectonic carbonate platforms, and those from equatorial regions.
Effects of a dry period on the limnological characteristics of a Mediterranean high mountain lake

This investigation assesses the effects of a drought period on the physical and chemical properties and on the plankton commu­nity of a Mediterranean high mountain lake (Rio Seco, Sierra Nevada, Spain). The study was performed over two consecutive years, 2005 and 2006. Both years were characterised by strong differences associated with rainfall patterns. The first year was extremely dry and had rainfall values far below the mean annual average of 813 mm that has been observed over the previous twenty years. The results of the study confirm that the dissolved inorganic nitrogen:soluble reactive phosphorus ratio (DIN:SRP) showed notable differences throughout both study years, with a greater nitrogen limitation during 2005. The ra­tio of total biovolume of autotrophic to heterotrophic organisms (A:H) also presented interannual differences. The A:H ratio was generally below 1 during 2005, whereas it was above this value in 2006. Therefore, the main plankton component was mesozooplankton in 2005 and phytoplankton in 2006. Ciliates and bacteria showed a mean biovolume significantly higher in 2005, whereas the biovolume of heterotrophic nanoflagellates was similar during both years. These results indicate a prevalent top-down control by zooplankton during the dry year and, on the contrary, a predominant bottom-up control during the wetter year as a consequence of the nutrient limitation of primary production.
Surgical staple.

The surgical staple consists of a bridge (1) and two legs (2, 3) which are provided at their ends with cutting edges (4, 5) and which, starting from the bridge (1), in each case first extend over a section (6, 7) in the manner of an arc of a circle and then extend in a straight line over a section (8, 9). In order to be able to implant a staple of this type as atraumatically as possible and to ensure that the so-called eversion of the wound margins to be closed using the staple is maintained, the leg sections (8, 9) extending in a straight line are aligned at an angle of 2.5 DEG </= alpha </= 10 DEG to the plane of symmetry (10) of the staple.
The impact Of the Internet On The Development Of Web-Based Business Models

The paper is composed of three parts. In the first, a short overview of the development of the Internet and its impact on various spheres of functioning of contemporary organizations is given. In this section, the term ‘business model’ is defined and then the constituent components of business models are presented and discussed. The second part forms the core of this paper. First, the typology of business-to-consumer Web-based business models is proposed; taking into consideration the phases of the internet’s development (i.e. Web 1.0 and Web 2.0). Next, the six basic types of business models which have developed in the electronic space are presented and analyzed. The first four emerged in the first phase of the Internet’s development while the final two are strictly connected with the Web 2.0 phase. The characteristics of each are given along with examples from various industries and sectors. In the final part of the paper, the most significant conclusions and suggestions are offered.
A Three-Gene Model to Robustly Identify Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes

Single sample predictors (SSPs) and Subtype classification models (SCMs) are gene expression-based classifiers used to identify the four primary molecular subtypes of breast cancer (basal-like, HER2-enriched, luminal A, and luminal B). SSPs use hierarchical clustering, followed by nearest centroid classification, based on large sets of tumor-intrinsic genes. SCMs use a mixture of Gaussian distributions based on sets of genes with expression specifically correlated with three key breast cancer genes (estrogen receptor [ER], HER2, and aurora kinase A [AURKA]). The aim of this study was to compare the robustness, classification concordance, and prognostic value of these classifiers with those of a simplified three-gene SCM in a large compendium of microarray datasets.Thirty-six publicly available breast cancer datasets (n = 5715) were subjected to molecular subtyping using five published classifiers (three SSPs and two SCMs) and SCMGENE, the new three-gene (ER, HER2, and AURKA) SCM. We used the prediction strength statistic to estimate robustness of the classification models, defined as the capacity of a classifier to assign the same tumors to the same subtypes independently of the dataset used to fit it. We used Cohen κ and Cramer V coefficients to assess concordance between the subtype classifiers and association with clinical variables, respectively. We used Kaplan-Meier survival curves and cross-validated partial likelihood to compare prognostic value of the resulting classifications. All statistical tests were two-sided.SCMs were statistically significantly more robust than SSPs, with SCMGENE being the most robust because of its simplicity. SCMGENE was statistically significantly concordant with published SCMs (κ = 0.65-0.70) and SSPs (κ = 0.34-0.59), statistically significantly associated with ER (V = 0.64), HER2 (V = 0.52) status, and histological grade (V = 0.55), and yielded similar strong prognostic value.Our results suggest that adequate classification of the major and clinically relevant molecular subtypes of breast cancer can be robustly achieved with quantitative measurements of three key genes.