SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Revealing the transient structures of intrinsically disordered proteins by microfluidics-enabled hydrogen-deuterium exchange

This Fellowship proposal will design, fabricate and test novel microfluidic chips for the study of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) by Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange coupled with Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS). The research program will use thiol-ene polymerisation to form all components of the microchip allowing fast, reproducible and cheap fabrication. The microchips will incorporate multiple microfluidics channels of varying length and spatially restricted monolith plugs to allow sub-second HDX reactions to occur on-chip. The microchips will circumvent the extensive and error-prone sample pre-treatment steps of current commercial HDX-MS methodology. I will be trained in state-of-the-art HDX-MS technology and will learn how to perform site-specific, light-activated thiol-ene click-chemistry reactions. The microfluidic chips will be used to probe the transient conformational changes of three challenging IDPs of biological and pharmaceutical relevance: a-synuclein, proNerve Growth Factor (proNGF) and Epsin1. α-synuclein is an extensively characterised model IDP, shown by numerous biophysical techniques including HDX-MS to possess some regions of transient structure. α-synuclein will be used during microchip development, providing valuable proof-of-concept and a framework for which to further optimize microchip design if needed. I will then characterise the conformational states and interactions of proNGF; the cleavable pro-element is reported to be disordered, but there is little knowledge of its cellular roles. Previously unreported structural elements of Epsin1, an IDP shown to mediate lipid membrane curvature, will also be probed. HDX-MS will be complemented by electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and ion mobility separation (IM-MS).To be added
Tracking neanderthals in time and space: was the “quina world” the first regional cultural entity in the history of europe?

Neanderthals disappeared ~40 000 years ago; although they have received significant public and academic attention, their evolution and behavioural diversity remain little known. Quina Mousterian designates a singular Neanderthal lithic industry; it is often associated with specific, large game seasonal hunting (herds of reindeer). Particular mobility patterns and elaborate carcass processing suggest an image of a complex, intriguing cultural entity. Outside its core area (SW France), Quina Mousterian is also mentioned in different parts of Europe. My project will first aim at testing the hypothesis that a Quina cultural entity existed, i.e. that the occurrences of Quina Mousterian correspond to a short period of time and can thus be attributed to affiliated or connected groups of Neanderthals. A widely interdisciplinary consortium will then aim at defining the characteristics of the assumed Quina entity, how it evolved in time and potentially diffused in space across Europe. High-resolution OSL dating, based on new Bayesian models allowing cutting-edge uncertainties (~2-3%) for periods beyond the radiocarbon dating range, will be implemented to obtain a tight chronological framework and tie the archaeological record with palaeo-environments. Tool production and use, as a function of raw material availability and procurement, will be studied based on a technological and techno-functional approach. The influence of varying climates and environments on the Quina subsistence strategies – approached in terms of both food acquisition and storage – will be deciphered. Palaeo-anthropological and genetic studies will aim at defining the biological identity of the makers of Quina Mousterian, and possible human migrations associated with its diffusion. Eventually, the Quina World project will allow discussing the potentially oldest regionalisation and cultural diffusion patterns of Europe, and shed new light on the array and complexity of Neanderthal behaviours.
George Cheyne (1671 or 73–1743): 18th-century physician

George Cheyne was a well-known physician with a practice in Bath and London. He was a fat, jovial Scotsman weighing 32 stone at one time and with a great sense of humour who could be classed as one of the characters of the period. His health suffered seriously from eating and drinking too much in taverns with his 'bottle companions' when young, and he spent the rest of his life writing books for the public to help them avoid the problems he had experienced, with a particular emphasis on diet and nervous disorders. His book entitled An Essay on Health and Long Life had particular success. Although often lampooned, he had many famous patients including Beau Nash, Samuel Richardson, The Countess of Huntingdon and Catherine Walpole, the eldest daughter of the Prime Minister Robert Walpole. He was a skilled and caring doctor and health educator, and has been said to have established the agenda for psychiatric epidemiology.
Estimation of Stochastic Degradation Models Using Uncertain Inspection Data

Modelling and forecasting the progress of corrosion and other degradation phenomena in engineering systems is an important element of reliability management programs. Because of the random nature of the degradation process, probabilistic models are mostly employed. Parameters of the probabilistic models are estimated using degradation data from in-service inspections. The estimated model parameters are then used for predicting future degradation growth or failure time of the components. In the nuclear power plants, usually small samples of degradation data are collected using non-destructive examination (NDE) tools, which are not perfect in detecting degradation flaws and they also add random noise when measuring the size of the detected flaws. Ignoring these inspection uncertainties in the estimation of the degradation model would result in biased estimates and subsequently erroneous predictions of future degradation. The main objective of the thesis is to develop methods for the accurate estimation of stochastic degradation models using uncertain inspection data. Three typical stochastic models are considered, namely, the random degradation rate model, the gamma process model and the Poisson process model. The random rate model and the gamma process model are used to model the flaw growth, and the Poisson process model is used to model the flaw generation. Likelihood functions of the three stochastic models from noisy and incomplete inspection data are derived. The thesis also investigates Bayesian inference of the stochastic degradation models. The most notable advantage of Bayesian inference over classical point estimates is its ability to incorporate background information in the estimation process, which is especially useful when inspection data are scarce. It is shown in the thesis that likelihood evaluationof the stochasticmodels usinguncertain inspection data is a computationally challenging task as it often involves calculation of high dimensional integrals or large number of convolutions. The thesis develops efficient numerical methods to overcome this difficulty. For example, for the maximum likelihood estimation of the gamma process model, the Genz’s transform and quasi-Monte Carlo simulation are adopted. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation with sizing errors
Mapping and assessment for integrated ecosystem accounting (maia)

MAIA (Mapping and Assessment for Integrated ecosystem Accounting) aims to mainstream natural capital and ecosystem accounting (NCA) in EU member states. MAIA uses the System of Environmental Economic Accounting – Experimental Ecosystem Accounting  (SEEA-EEA) as the methodological basis for NCA. The SEEA EEA provides a consistent framework for analysing and storing information on ecosystem assets and flows of ecosystem services, in both physical and monetary units. The SEEA EEA follows a spatial approach, requiring extensive (spatial) data and models as inputs into the accounts.

In MAIA, a flexible approach will be followed, allowing for adaptation of the SEEA EEA framework to the conditions of individual EU countries. In particular, MAIA will: (i) assess policy priorities for accounting; (ii) test, pilot and mainstream NCA in 10 countries; (iii) test innovative approaches for NCA in the European context; and (iv) support NCA in the EU through various communication and dissemination activities including the development of guidelines, a web-based information system and other facilitating actions. MAIA will involve in-country work in Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Norway and Spain but there will be outreach to all EU member states through exchanging data, guidelines and experiences. 

The MAIA consortium includes a balanced mix of partners with backgrounds in statistics, ecological modelling and environmental economics, including three statistical agencies. In addition, MAIA has 18 supporting partners including statistical and other government agencies in 10 countries. Institutes with more experience will mentor and assist those with less experience. MAIA partners are involved in a range of other initiatives such as the SEEA London Group, MAES, ESMERALDA and IPBES, and includes partners supporting KIP INCA, which will facilitate exchanging experiences. Overall coordination of MAIA is with Wageningen University.
Imaging synaptic plasticity by ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy in health and psychiatric disease

A large number of psychiatric disorders (major and bipolar depression (MDD / BD), schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), addiction, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity syndrome (ADHS), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), autism) lack objective criteria for primary diagnosis, early differential diagnosis with regard to subtypes in treatment response and disease progression or effective therapy monitoring. Hence, the search for relevant biomarkers is of high importance. This proposal suggests the development of novel methodology for highly spatially and temporally resolved imaging of disease effects on neurotransmission, membrane processes related to synaptic plasticity and brain energy metabolism in psychiatric disorders and the acute and chronic impact of related pharmacological treatment in the human brain. To that, the advantages of a unique 9.4 T whole body human magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system for 1H, 31P and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging shall be exploited. Highly innovative enabling MRI technology including parallel transmission, very high order B0 shimming, a real time field stabilization and motion correction approach along with the principles of advanced encoding and non-Fourier image reconstruction shall ensure high data quality. Next to obtaining 20 novel image contrasts based on steady state metabolite concentrations, the ultimate goal of the proposed research is to enable functional spectroscopic imaging in the entire human brain in order to investigate adaptation of neurotransmission and brain metabolism to environmental stimuli as well as the impact of acute pharmacological intervention. Finally, the spatially and temporally resolved metabolic imaging technology shall be used for investigation of patients with major depressive disorder to reveal novel biomarkers relevant for diagnostics and patient stratification.
Sports Events Network for Tourism and Economic Development in the Alpine Space

This Project aims to encourage the transfer of knowledge in the field of sport events management in the Alpine Space in order to promote an economic and touristic sustainable development in this space. Promoting regional development based on environmental, social, economic and transportation policies is indissociable with sustainable development expectations. In fact, event management is becoming a way to promote the heritage, the know-how of a region. The transnational region composed by the various project partners had the chance to host several large scale sport events such as the Olympic Games in Albertville, Innsbruck and Torino, FOJE in Monthey 2005, ISOC Innsbuck 2005 as well as numerous summer and winter World Championships. We wish to catalyse the specific Alpine Space know-how in this domain within a network to promote sustainable development policies in this field. This will help to develop this vast region in a coordinated polycentric and sustainable manner
COST REDUCED STEEL FOR HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY WITH HIGH RESISTANCE TO HYDROGEN INDUCED EMBRITTLEMENT

A corrosion-resistant, warm or cold formable and weldable steel for use in hydrogen technology with high resistance to hydrogen-induced embrittlement has the following composition (by mass %): 0.01 to 0.4% carbon, <=3.0% silicon, 0.3 to 30% manganese, 10.5 to 30% chromium, 4 to 12.5% nickel, <= 1.0% molybdenum, <= 0.2% nitrogen, 0.5 to 8.0% aluminum, <= 4.0% copper, <= 0.1% boron, <= 1.0% tungsten, <= 3% cobalt, <= 0.5% tantalum, <= 2.0% of least one of the elements: niobium, titanium, vanadium, hafnium and zirconium, <= 0.3% of at least one of the elements yttrium, scandium, lanthanum, cerium and neodymium, the remainder being iron and smelting-related, steel companion elements.
Revendiquer le patrimoine archéologique par le rituel : la cérémonie pan-maya du fuego sagrado dans le Petén et le Quintana Roo

Les sites archéologiques sont des lieux qui autorisent différentes utilisations sociales et politiques du passé. Cela est particulièrement vrai dans des régions où les vestiges de villes anciennes sont sujets à des négociations entre identités nationales, locales et/ou ethniques. Le présent article s’intéresse aux cérémonies réalisées dans des sites mayas par des acteurs qui leur attribuent une valeur sociale et rituelle dans le présent, en opposition à leurs utilisations et leurs mises en valeur hégémoniques habituelles. On y analyse la relocalisation de la cérémonie du fuego sagrado en contexte archéologique comme une action de contrepouvoir qui suggère l’existence d’un territoire maya transnational et qui revendique une résistance culturelle face au colonialisme. Cette étude s’intéresse particulièrement à l’appropriation et à l’adaptation de cette cérémonie dans la péninsule du Yucatán, notamment dans le département guatémaltèque du Petén et dans l’État mexicain du Quintana Roo, des années 1990 jusqu’à nos jours.
Modifying the pom-pom model for extensional viscosity overshoots

We have developed a variant of the pom-pom model that qualitatively describes two surprising features recently observed in filament stretching rheometer experiments of uniaxial extensional flow of industrial branched polymer resins: (i) Overshoots of the transient stress during steady flow and (ii) strongly accelerated stress relaxation upon cessation of the flow beyond the overshoot. Within the context of our model, these overshoots originate from entanglement stripping (ES) during the processes of normal chain retraction and branch point withdrawal. We demonstrate that, for a single mode, the predictions of our overshoot model are qualitatively consistent with experimental data. To provide a quantitative fit, we represent an industrial melt by a superposition of several individual modes. We show that a minimal version of our model, in which ES due to normal chain retraction is omitted, can provide a reasonable, but not perfect, fit to the data. With regard the stress relaxation after (kinematically) steady flow, we demonstrate that the differential version of tube orientation dynamics in the original pom-pom model performs anomalously. We discuss the reasons for this and suggest a suitable alternative.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN OPTICAL ELEMENT FROM PLASTIC

The invention relates to a method for producing an optical element with at least one optically active surface. The optically active surface comprises a contour and a surface structure which lies over the contour. Transparent liquid plastic is injection molded into an injection molded component (21) using a (bare) injection mold of an injection molding machine (500) according to a group of injection molding parameters, said injection molded component having the contour of the optically active surface but without the surface structure lying over the contour, wherein at least one parameter of the group of injection molding parameters is adjusted and/or corrected on the basis of properties of the injection molded component (21), and the optical element is produced using the group of injection molding parameters.
Mechanical Behavior of Cracked Panels Repaired with Bonded Composite Patch

Abstract : This research focuses on investigating the mechanical behavior of cracked aluminum panels repaired with bonded boron/epoxy composite patches. The effects of crack initiation and growth on the residual strength of the repaired panels are characterized. This research establishes a correlation between damage modes, residual strength and evolution of strain within as well as outside the patch. Monotonic tensile tests on specimens with a perfectly bonded patch were used to determine the base line strength. Likewise, fatigue tests on specimens with a perfectly bonded patch served to establish baseline fatigue life. In addition, several specimens with a perfectly bonded patch were subjected to different fractions of the expected fatigue life, introducing damage, which were quantified by NDE techniques. These specimens were then subjected to a monotonic tensile test to failure in order to characterize the residual strength and the evolution of strain within and outside the patch, and the correlation between the disbonds and strain measurements at various locations on the specimen. This research looks to help in extending the service life of military and commercial aging aircraft, by using bonded composite patches on developing cracks in the structure. Bonded composite patches may be able to replace the crack patching technique of using bolted joints, which have the disadvantage of requiring holes to be machined in the metallic structure, which decreases its load-carrying capacity, creating stress concentrations and sites for crack initiation. In this study it was learned how the strain values increase as the crack grows. And despite differing crack growth rates, the strain values followed the growth of the crack closely throughout all the tests. The effects of overload situations were seen, and how this produces a retardation effect in the rate of growth of the crack.
Biohybrid synapses for interactive neuronal networks

BRAIN-ACT aims to develop the next generation of interactive biohybrid devices which will couple biological neuronal networks to organic artificial neurons. For the first time, neurons will interact with the device by active mechanical reshaping which will transduce in the maintenance of the electrical network connection strength (long term potentiation –LTP). This will be achieved by a) processing dynamic electroactive materials b) engineering the neuromorphic abiotic surface with biological synaptic receptors and c) intergrate an in vitro biohybrid synapses array to investigate the interplay at the interface between neuronal cells and their synaptic activity with dynamic electrically-smart materials. 
BRAIN-ACT will pave the way for a new class of chip-based smart bioelectronic devices which will ‘have a shape of a neuron and act like a neuron’. 
Over 10 million people are affected by neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s worldwide and show significant loss of functionalities in their daily life. Those are mainly related to faulty connections within the brain which reflects neuronal miscommunication regulated by billions of individual connections among pairs called synapses. The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time, in response to increases or decreases in their activity is called synaptic plasticity and is regulated through electrical and biomechanical signals exchanged by neurons pairs. In vitro bioelectronic platforms have been devoted to monitor and stimulate those signals across neuronal network areas to characterize electrical activity and connectivity in a passive manner. 
BRAIN-ACT will revolutionize the study of in vitro neuronal networks through active mechanical reshaping to establish optimal electrical signal exchange among neuronal cells. More broadly, the proposed project will define the fundamental conditions to unleash the potential of neuromorphic devices as implantable materials in to the brain.
MoBility-Assisted Detection Of The Replication attacks in mobile wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are often deployed in harsh environments, where the adversary is able to capture certain sensors. Once a sensor is compromised, the adversary can easily replicate it and deploy several replicas back into the network for further malicious activities. Although a number of protocols have been proposed to tackle such node replication attacks, few of these schemes are suitable for mobile wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we propose two novel mobility-assisted distributed solutions to node replication detection in mobile wireless sensor networks. In both protocols, after receiving the time-location claims, witnesses carry these claims around the network instead of transmitting them. That means data are forwarded only when appropriate witnesses encounter each other. Unary-Time-Location Storage & Exchange (UTLSE) detects the replicas by each of the two encountered witnesses which stores only one time-location claim. Multi-Time-Location Storage & Diffusion (MTLSD), by storing more time-location claims for each tracked node and introducing time-location claims diffusion among witnesses, provides excellent resiliency and sub-optimal detection probability with modest communication overhead. Due to the mobility-assisted property, our protocols do not rely on any specific routing protocol, which makes them suitable for various mobile settings. Our theoretical analysis and simulation results show that our protocols are efficient in terms of detection performance, communication overhead and storage overhead.
Sensitivity of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) to various postemergence herbicides

There are a limited number of herbicide options available for durum wheat production in Ontario, Canada. Four field studies were conducted in Ontario, Canada over a three year period (2008, 2009 and 2010) to evaluate the sensitivity of spring planted durum wheat to post-emergence (POST) applications of dichlorprop/2,4-D, dicamba/ MCPA/mecoprop, clopyralid, bromoxynil/MCPA, pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil, thifensulfuron/tribenuron + MCPA amine, fluroxypyr + MCPA ester, tralkoxydim and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl/safener at the manufacturers’ recommended dose and twice that dose. Visible injury in durum wheat were 0 to 2.4% with dichlorprop/2,4-D, 0 to 6% with dicamba/MCPA/mecoprop, 0 to 0.4% injury with clopyralid, 0 to 1.4% injury with bromoxynil/MCPA, 0 to 3.5% with pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil, 0 to 5% with thifensulfuron/tribenuron + MCPA amine, 0 to 2.6% with fluroxypyr + MCPA ester, 0 to 5% with tralkoxydim and 0.4% to 8% with fenoxaprop-pethyl/safener at various evaluation dates (1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after treatment). Durum wheat height was decreased as much as 5% with dicamba/ MCPA/mecoprop, 4% with pyrasulfotole/bromoxynil and 6% with fenoxaprop-pethyl/safener but was not affected with other herbicides evaluated. There was no decrease in durum wheat yield with the herbicides evaluated.