SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Genetic Resources of Energy Crops: Biological Systems to Combat Climate Change

Bioenergy crop plants that function as solar energy collectors and thermo-chemical energy storage systems are the basis for biological systems that are expected to contribute to renewable energy production, help stabilize the rising levels of green house gases (GHG), and mitigate the risk of global climate change (GCC). Wide genetic resource bases, especially of wild and semidomesticated perennial grasses and woody species of starch-, oil, and lingocellulose-producing plants, are available to select, breed, genetically-modify, and develop environmentally-friendly bioenergy crops. Plant species, with fast growth, tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and low requirements for biological, chemical or physical pretreatments, are being evaluated as potential bioenergy crops. Currently, bioenergy systems based on traditional sources and first generation bioenergy crops, are not sustainable and their exploitation may contribute to environmental degradation. New genetic resources and technological breakthroughs are being employed to develop dedicated bioenergy crops (DECs) with better GHG profiles and with a suite of eco-physiological traits to maximize radiation interception, water- (WUE) and nutrient-use efficiencies (NUE), improved lingocellulosic accessibility to enzymatic degradation, and to confer environmental sustainability. Large-scale bioenergy crop plantations pose both opportunities and challenges, and will inevitably compete with food crops for land, water, nutrient resources and other inputs; whereas, biodiversity consequences of increased biofuel production will most likely result in habitat loss, increased and enhanced dispersion of invasive species, and pollution. Recent genetic modifications and breeding efforts of bioenergy crops aim at improving biomass yield, quality, and conversion efficiency. Improvements in composition and structure of bio-chemicals in bioenergy crops will enable the production of more energy per ton of biomass and will improve its caloric value, GHG profile, and GCC mitigation potential.
On the Beta-Nakagami Distribution

This study is focused on combining Nakagami distribution and beta distribution with a view to obtaining a distribution that is better than each of them individually in terms of the estimate of their characteristics and parsimonious in their parameters using the logit of beta (the link function of the Beta generalized distribution by Jones (2004)). The resulting model, beta Nakagami distribution is better in terms of its flexibility and shape. The statistical properties of the proposed distribution such as moments, moment generating function, the asymptotic behavior among others were investigated. Our findings showed that beta Nakagami apart from being flexible, has better representation of data than Nakagami distribution.  It therefore describes situations better than the Nakagami distribution.
Infrared thermopile detector system for semiconductor process monitoring and control

A thermopile-based detector for monitoring and/or controlling semiconductor processes, and a method of monitoring and/or controlling semiconductor processes using thermopile-based sensing of conditions in and/or affecting such processes.
MACHINE CONTROL SYSTEM HAVING HYDRAULIC WARMUP PROCEDURE

A control system (48) for a machine is disclosed. The control system may have a pump (51, 53) driven, a low pressure reservoir (64), and at least one actuator (26, 32, 34) connected to receive fluid pressurized by the pump and discharge fluid to the low pressure reservoir. The control system may also have a bypass passage (109, 113) situated to allow fluid to bypass the at least one actuator, and a warmup valve (105) disposed within the bypass passage and being movable between a flow-passing position and a flow-blocking position. The control system may further have a hydraulic temperature sensor (98) configured to generate a signal indicative of a temperature of the fluid, and a controller (112) in communication with the pump, the warmup valve, and the hydraulic temperature sensor. The controller may be configured to move the warmup valve to the flow-passing position, fix a displacement position of the pump, and adjust an input speed of the pump in response to the signal.
Implementation of LFSR on ASIC

The intension of this work is to design ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) for LFSRs (Linear feedback shift register) used in cryptography systems.(Stream ciphering). Presently FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Array) and Processors are used for this purpose which have speed limitations. Since FPGAs have general structure and implementing LFSRs in FPGAs are unable to achieve the required speed. So ASIC based programmable LFSRs are required to the requirements of speed which are used in stream ciphering. Implementation of any design on ASIC is only possible with EDA (Electronic Design automation) tools. In this paper the cadence tool is used to accomplish the task. LFSRs are designed using Verilog and the maximum frequency is achieved and determined the critical path delay. The design is verified both in functional and timing simulation. Its performance is far higher than traditional FPGAs in terms of Speed.
Nontrivial Effect of the Color-Exchange of a Donor/Acceptor Pair in the Engineering of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-Based Indicators

Genetically encoded indicators driven by the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism are reliable tools for live imaging. While the properties of FRET-based indicators have been improved over the years, they often suffer from a poor dynamic range due to the lack of comprehensive understanding about how to apply an appropriate strategy to optimize the FRET parameters. One of the most successful optimizations is the incorporation of circularly permuted fluorescent proteins (cpFPs). To better understand the effects of this strategy, we systematically investigated the properties of the indicators by utilizing a set of FRET backbones consisting of native or one of the most effective cp variants (cp173FPs) with considerations of their order. As a result, the ordering of donor and acceptor FPs, which has been ignored in previous studies, was found to significantly affect the dynamic range of indicators. By utilizing these backbones, we succeeded in improving a cGMP indicator with 3.6-fold increased dynamic range and in generating an ultrasensitive cAMP indicator capable of environmental imaging, demonstrating the practical importance of the ordering of donors and acceptors in the engineering of FRET-based indicators.
Post-Fire Spatial Patterns of Soil Nitrogen Mineralization and Microbial Abundance

Stand-replacing fires influence soil nitrogen availability and microbial community composition, which may in turn mediate post-fire successional dynamics and nutrient cycling. However, fires create patchiness at both local and landscape scales and do not result in consistent patterns of ecological dynamics. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the spatial structure of microbial communities in forest stands recently affected by stand-replacing fire and (2) determine whether microbial variables aid predictions of in situ net nitrogen mineralization rates in recently burned stands. The study was conducted in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) and Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir (Picea engelmannii/Abies lasiocarpa) forest stands that burned during summer 2000 in Greater Yellowstone (Wyoming, USA). Using a fully probabilistic spatial process model and Bayesian kriging, the spatial structure of microbial lipid abundance and fungi-to-bacteria ratios were found to be spatially structured within plots two years following fire (for most plots, autocorrelation range varied from 1.5 to 10.5 m). Congruence of spatial patterns among microbial variables, in situ net N mineralization, and cover variables was evident. Stepwise regression resulted in significant models of in situ net N mineralization and included variables describing fungal and bacterial abundance, although explained variance was low (R²<0.29). Unraveling complex spatial patterns of nutrient cycling and the biotic factors that regulate it remains challenging but is critical for explaining post-fire ecosystem function, especially in Greater Yellowstone, which is projected to experience increased fire frequencies by mid 21(st) Century.
DEVICE FOR APPLYING A POWDER

The invention relates to a device for applying a powder, particularly an adhesive, to a carrier material, comprising: - a housing having a base or bottom surface, - a powder reservoir, - a carrier material support surface, - a conveyor device which moves said carrier material, and - a collecting device for excess powder, said carrier material support surface being arranged at an angle α relative to the base surface of the device, where 90°> α >10°, and said powder reservoir being arranged at the upper end of the carrier material support surface.
The Effectiveness of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Computer Game as a Learning Tool for Nursing Students

Simulation games that are close to actual clinical situations can assist students in the learning process and, through the active presentation of subject material, help them acquire necessary knowledge. The aims of this study were to develop a computer game focused on caring for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the outpatient clinic and to evaluate the nursing students’ change in knowledge and their satisfaction score after they played this computer game. This study had a randomized pre-/post-control experimental design. How to assess and care for patients with dyspnea episodes, the use of inhalants, the effects of weather changes, and breathing exercises for patients with COPD were the key content elements of the computer game developed by the study team. The COPD care knowledge test and satisfaction questionnaire were the evaluation instruments. Sixty-eight junior nursing students participated in this study. Of these 68 participants, 35 were randomly assigned to the control group and 33 were randomly assigned to the experimental group. Each group finished the pretest, then played the game for 20 minutes, and then did the post-test questionnaire. The results of this study determined that the COPD care knowledge score was significantly improved after playing the game in the experimental group (t = 2.24, P < 0.05). The experimental group responded that the computer game could help them clearly understand ways to take care of patients with COPD in the outpatient clinic. Important suggestions were to add reflection session after playing the computer game and to modify the fluency of the operation procedures. The experience and results of this study could apply not only to the teaching strategy for nursing students, but also for further developing a game for patient education.
Empowering Policies on Urban Sustainability

URBAN EMPATHY will consolidate a permanent structure to work on transforming existing results from preselected MED projects and key European programmes into effective policies related to Sustainable Urban Models (SUMO). - 1st (WP3), the results will be evaluated through a set of transferability criteria and cross checked to ensure that they comply with the SUMO shared by the partners. In parallel, a structured dialogue process will be established with key decision makers to identify key barriers to the implementation the selected results into sustainable urban policies. result of this process, will be placed in an online SUMO toolkit will be developed bringing together deliverables which fulfill policy makers expectations helping transferability. Finally, a series of high level seminars will be organised, with decision makers at different levels to present these innovative approaches and tools. - 2nd (WP4), URBAN EMPATHY will work to scale up transnational cooperation in the MED related to SUMO. Common priorities will be defined. Articulation between territorial cooperation and regional operative programmes will be worked on using real pilot results, analysing how: to bring them into policies to include them in the new programming period to implement them to mainstream them to a bigger scale. A set of recommendations aiming to influence calls for the next programming period will be produced. - 3rd (WP5): the existing SUMO platform will be consolidated as a network of networks to guarantee the durability of the capitalization process & influence policy makers and EC in the improvement of SUMO policies. Relations with other networks & initiatives, participation of cities & regions through projects capitalized, exchange with other clusters & cap projects will help the multiplying effect of transferability, joining decision & policy makers, scientific & social society key actors towards a common objective: climate change prevention through the promotion of a SUMO.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING A U-SHAPED PORTION OF AN ELONGATE FLEXIBLE ELEMENT RELATIVE TO A HUMAN BODY TISSUE

An apparatus and a method of engaging a U-shaped portion of an elongate flexible element with the apparatus. The apparatus has a body with an anchoring part, a channel extending up to the anchoring part, and an entry opening to the channel. With the U-shaped portion and body in an operative relationship, wherein the U-shaped portion straddles the anchoring part, the elongate flexible element can be tensioned to draw a side of the body against tissue. With the U-shaped portion straddling the anchoring part, the body can be reconfigured to change the size and/or shape of the entry opening and/or channel to avoid separation of part or all of the U- shaped portion from the body.
REPS - Réseau Européen de la Pierre Sèche

European rural areas that have a dry-stone heritage face serious problems such as the abandonment of farming activities and skills, depopulation, usage that is incompatible with preservation of heritage, etc. Heritage can become a focal point for local development but interregional cooperation is still essential. The main problem is the disappearance or gradual loss of the skill of dry-stone building. The REPS aims to make proposals for cataloguing, restoring, reusing and protecting this heritage. It will disseminate revaluation experiences through tourism products and farming production. Overall objective / Objectif général To create a European dry-stone network in order to consolidate inter-regional cooperation for local development with the promotion and rehabilitation of the skill of dry-stone building, constructions, landscapes, traditional activities and innovative uses. The aim is to establish and disseminate strategies for economically reactivating rural areas that have a long-established dry-stone tradition, based on experience in training, research and local development. Expected results / Résultats attendus The REPS hopes to improve interregional cooperation by creating and developing a contact network and the sharing of experience among builders, scientists, technicians and managers of partner regions that will be open to new initiatives. In the short term, the expected results will be: progress in rehabilitating dry-stone builders; proposals regarding classification, restoration and protection; proposals for action by local agents and dry-stone itineraries. In the long term, the expected results will be: the rehabilitation and qualification of dry-stone builders; the rehabilitation of cultural heritage; and the economic revitalisation of areas that have a dry-stone tradition by spreading practices that respect both environment and heritage.
Molybdenum-99-producing 37-element fuel bundle neutronically and thermal-hydraulically equivalent to a standard CANDU fuel bundle

Abstract 99m Tc, the most commonly used radioisotope in diagnostic nuclear medicine, results from the radioactive decay of 99 Mo which is currently being produced at various research reactors around the globe. In this study, the potential use of CANDU power reactors for the production of 99 Mo is investigated. A modified 37-element fuel bundle, suitable for the production of 99 Mo in existing CANDU-type reactors is proposed. The new bundle is specifically designed to be neutronically and thermal-hydraulically equivalent to the standard 37-element CANDU fuel bundle in normal, steady-state operation and, at the same time, be able to produce significant quantities of 99 Mo when irradiated in a CANDU reactor. The proposed bundle design uses fuel pins consisting of a depleted-uranium centre surrounded by a thin layer of low-enriched uranium. The new molybdenum-producing bundle is analyzed using the lattice transport code DRAGON and the diffusion code DONJON. The proposed design is shown to produce 4081 six-day Curies of 99 Mo activity per bundle when irradiated in the peak-power channel of a CANDU core, while maintaining the necessary reactivity and power rating limits. The calculated 99 Mo yield corresponds to approximately one third of the world weekly demand. A production rate of ∼3 bundles per week can meet the global demand of 99 Mo.
Photon-Multiplication to boost si photovoltaic power conversion efficiency

Photovoltaics (PVs) cells will play a major role in the worldwide transition to more sustainable sources of energy. There has been a vast scale up in the deployment of PV cells driven by the drastic price reduction of Si photovoltaics (Si-PVs). It is now widely accepted that increases in PV efficiency are key to pushing PV deployment further and continuing to lower costs. However, after decades of research and development Si-PVs are approaching the theoretical limit for power conversion efficiencies (currently 26.7% out of a possible 29.4%) as determined by the Shockley-Queisser limit, due to thermalisation losses. There is currently no commercially deployed technology and can overcome this challenge.
This project will make a proof of concept demonstration of a new technology – a photon multiplication film (PMF), which overcomes these fundamental thermalisation losses by converting high energy photons into double the number of low energy photons using a process called singlet fission. A PMF film could raise the efficiency of the best Si-PVs from 26.7% to 32.5% (a 20% increase in efficiency). This all optical approach has several advantages over other technologies currently being researched such as tandem cells. For instance, since the output of the PMF is photons, they can be directed towards the PV cell without any change in cell design, making it a ‘drop in’ solution, compatible with 95% of current PV manufacturing capacity as well as future designs and hence requiring little or no change to current manufacturing lines and hence very low capital expense. This PoC project will produce a prototype PMF integrated on top of a Si-PV and demonstrate a gain in power conversion efficiency, thus opening up a new technological area, which will help deliver both economic, societal and environmental benefits.
APPARATUS FOR RADIALLY BUNCHING A BODILY LUMEN

An apparatus includes a locking portion, a flexible pulling portion, a flexible body, and a plurality of barb features extending laterally from the body. The locking portion is configured to receive the pulling potion. The pulling portion is configured to engage and translate relative to the locking portion after the locking portion has received the pulling portion. The flexible body extends from the locking portion to the pulling portion. The flexible body is configured to form a loop when the pulling portion engages the locking portion. The loop is configured to decrease in size in response to pulling of the pulling portion relative to the locking portion. The barb features are configured to engage a tubular region of tissue and thereby form pleats in the tubular region of tissue.
Survival strategy: traders of smallholder teak in Indonesia

SUMMARY Teak traders face indictment for exploiting small-scale teak forest owners and acquiring excessive market shares from the sale of teak stands by taking advantage of smallholders' limited access to markets and market information. To identify the importance of traders in the smallholder teak marketing, we studied the practices of traders along the market chain, including their roles and costs directly related to teak transfer and transformation, and the strategy applied in competing for value creation. The study revealed that traders play an important role. They consistently search the marketplace to link the supply and demand, perform various sorting functions, and serve to minimise and facilitate the number of contacts in the distribution system. Applying cost leadership approach, a way to establish a low cost operation, is among the suggestions for the traders to gain sustainable competitive advantage.
Political Islam and State Legitimacy in Turkey: The Role of National Culture in Neoliberal State-Building

Blad, Cory and Banu Kocer. (2012) Political Islam and State Legitimacy in Turkey: The Role of National Culture in Neoliberal State-Building. International Political Sociology , doi: 10.1111/j.1749-5687.2012.00150.x © 2012 International Studies Association

The rise of Islamist parties to positions of political dominance in Turkey has been the subject of inquiry for scholars and concern for some American and European observers. This paper argues that this rise of Islamist political efficacy is the result of efforts to maintain state legitimacy in an era of neoliberalism. The integration of neoliberalism as a dominant political economic ideology reduces state economic regulatory capacities and social service endowment. The effect of this retrenchment is a commensurate reduction in state legitimation, as national populations view the state as unable—or unwilling—to meet requisite economic protectionist demands that were formerly exchanged for legitimate support. In an attempt to retain legitimate authority, neoliberal states are forced to move beyond economic protectionist strategies and embrace increasingly cultural legitimation approaches. We juxtapose the use of economic protectionist strategies in the 1945–1980 period with the integration of Islam as a cultural legitimation strategy following the 1980 coup in Turkey.
A water-soluble packaging to unlock new markets

Lactips is an innovative company located in France, founded in 2014. Lactips develops a disruptive thermoplastic material, water-soluble at room temperature and below, for uses in water-soluble or edible packaging. This material is unique on a worldwide scale. 

Based on milk protein, Lactips’ thermoplastic pellets show besides a full biodegradability in less than three weeks (it can even be thrown away in one’s home compost), is highly printable thus perfect for information and marketing purposes, presents a very good barrier to oxygen and can further be functionalised.

Its unique water solubility property allows Lactips to answer chemical manufacturers needs for better single doses packaging in laundries and dishwashing. 

Moreover, it opens up new market opportunities such as detergent packaging for water treatment (swimming pools) and agrochemicals, where single doses cannot be used currently as current packaging is poorly soluble below 30°C and does not answer requirements. Users (consumers, farmers, employees) will not be in contact anymore with harmful chemicals and will control the amount of chemical they add in water. This will result in a better user safety and a better preservation of our environment.

The ECOLACTIFILM is Lactips’ project to remove every barrier and properly address the market. Properties will be improved for our material to resist to liquids, acid and alkaline powders and to be shrinkable.
At the project end, every chemical that are to address water trouble could be packaged in a sound and clean, harmless way.