SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Management of Investment Risks Fund (IRF) In Islamic Banks In The Light of The Decisions of The Shariah Supervisory Board, law and AAOIFI Standards

This study aims at revealing the administrative and accounting aspects of the investment risks fund in Islamic banks through the study of the reality of the management of these funds and accountability in the Jordanian Islamic banks, where they were put up important questions relating to the administration of the Fund and its accounting and investment amount accumulated in it. The researcher found that the establishment of such funds needs arising from the nature of Islamic banks and subject to the supervision and control by the central banks. Also, the researcher revealed that there is a difference in the foundations of this fund truncated and accountable between accounting Islamic standard number (11) and the advisory opinion of the Jordanian Fatwa Board. The study revealed that the investment of this fund is forbidden   . Key words: Investment risks, Islamic banks, Investment risks fund, Mudarabah, Warranty Donation. .
Scapulohumeral kinematic assessment of the forward kayak stroke in experienced whitewater kayakers

By understanding the normal humeral and scapular kinematics during the kayak stroke, inferences about the relationship of kayaking technique and shoulder injury may be established. The purpose of this study was to describe scapular and humeral kinematics and to compare dominant versus nondominant symmetry in healthy whitewater kayakers performing the forward stroke. Twenty-five competent whitewater kayakers (mean age: 34.1 +/- 9.4 years, mean height: 1.768 +/- 0.093m, mean mass: 78.2 +/- 13.0 kg) underwent humeral and scapular kinematic assessment, using an electromagnetic tracking device, while kayaking on a kayak ergometer. Paired t-tests were used to determine symmetry. Scapular and humeral kinematic means and standard deviations at six time points during the kayak stroke were described. Scapular and humeral kinematics were shown to be similar upon bilateral comparison. The greatest potential for injury during the forward stroke may be at thrust paddle shaft vertical when the humerus is maximally elevated in internal rotation and adduction as subacromial structures may be mechanically impinged. The relationship between scapulohumeral kinematics related to injury at other time points are also described.
PERFORATING GUN ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF FORMING WELLBORE PERFORATIONS

A perforating gun assembly (10) and methods of use in forming perforations hydraulic fracturing. The perforating gun assembly comprises a charge carrier (12) having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of groups of shaped charges (16, 18, 20) disposed on the charge carrier. At least two shaped charges (16a,e)within each group are arranged to generate jets oriented substantially along respective axes that converge towards one another. At least two groups (16a,c,e and 16b,d,f) of shaped charges overlap one another in a longitudinal direction of the charge carrier, or are intermeshed or interlaced in a longitudinal direction of the charge carrier. In embodiments of the invention the assembly may comprise at least two groups of shaped charges rotationally offset or phased around the longitudinal axis of the charge carrier, and in preferred embodiments the perforating gun assembly comprises a plurality of phased collections of shaped charges comprising multiple groups.
Specialist training for European projects management 

The objective of this project is the training of a professional figure that is crucial in the context of the EU enlargement process, a person who is responsible for the planning and management of EU projects, particularly aimed at the promotion and development of the Italian-Slovenian cross-border territory. The training programme refers to a business manager or consultant, deeply familiar with transnational and cross-border development and cooperation policies adopted by the EU and able to identify local and environmental economic factors that can lead to the internationalisation of SME, using support opportunities such as the access to information on the markets of interest and on national and international funding, the management of application procedures as well as the methods to cooperate with foreign partners. Given the difficulty in comparing the two realities - close in geographical terms but far apart in organisation, administrative and political competences - it is necessary to set up a common pathway for youth residing in the Italian-Slovenian eligible Programme area, that through the compared analysis of the various bodies participating in the project can assist in the development across the border area of the knowledge of “shared” tools facilitating dialogue and cooperation. Hence, the expert on EU programmes is a professional who is able to identify, in the local economic context - in a cross-border dimension - development opportunities and tools, to set up their technical use, and to manage cooperation processes, technology transfer and exchange in a networking perspective.
BACTERIAL XYLOSE ISOMERASES ACTIVE IN YEAST CELLS

Specific polypeptides were identified as bacterial xylose isomerases that are able to provide xylose isomerase activity in yeast cells. The xylose isomerase activity can complete a xylose utilization pathway so that yeast can use xylose in fermentation, such as xylose in biomass hydrolysate.
Cellular wireless LAN with frequency division multiplex in TV white space

Systems, methods, and devices for operating a multiplex wireless local area network using separated uplink and downlink channels in the 802.11 and television white space (TVWS) spectra are disclosed. Opportunistic detection and use of available TVWS frequency channels allows for fixed and mobile wireless devices to more efficiently use the available wireless bandwidth. By using separated uplink and downlink channels, a fixed wireless device can listen to incoming uplink frames from other mobile and fixed wireless devices and monitor for uplink frame collisions. In the event of an uplink frame collision, the fixed wireless device can immediately send a stop frame in the downlink channel to all involved wireless devices to avoid lost channel time due to the delay caused by most acknowledgement-based collision recovery protocols. Similarly, communicating mobile and fixed wireless devices can transmit and receive data frames in both directions simultaneously.
Study of a Novel Fourth-generation Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization: Relationship between Catalyst Structure and Polymerization Properties

This article presents a detailed structural study of a new spherical MgCl2-supported TiCl4 Ziegler-Natta catalyst for isotactic propylene polymerization, and researches on the relationship between catalyst structure and polymer proper- ties. The spherical support with the chemical composition of CH3CH2OMgOCH(CH2Cl)2 has been synthesized from a new dispersion system and is used as the supporting material to prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The XRD analysis indicates that the catalyst is fully activated with δ-MgCl2 in the active catalyst. The far-IR spectrometric results confirm again the pres- ence of δ-MgCl2 in the active catalyst. Textural property of the active catalyst exhibits high surface area coupled with high porosity. The high activity in propylene polymerization is mainly ascribed to the full activation and the porous structure of the catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer mapping results indicate a uniform titanium dis- tribution throughout the catalyst particles. Particle size analysis shows that the catalyst has a narrow particle size distribu- tion. The perfect spherical shape, uniform titanium distribution and narrow particle size distribution of the catalyst confirm the advantage of polymer particles production with less fines. The solid state 13 C NMR and mid-IR spectroscopic analyses indicate that there exists strong complexation between diisobutyl phthalate and MgCl2, which leads to the high isotacticity of polypropylene.
Illuminating the role of transcription factor dynamics in development

Understanding how genomic regulatory elements encode when and where genes are expressed in development remains one of the most important open questions in biology. Despite intense study, this knowledge gap persists because technological limitations have obscured an important degree of freedom: time. Recent discoveries made with live cell imaging have defied the textbook view of how transcription is regulated. Hence, the time is ripe to introduce a new paradigm for studying transcription in development—one based on how genes are regulated in living animals as development is actually taking place. Excitingly, we can now exploit the cutting-edge live imaging technology and quantitative approaches that I previously developed in order to visualize transcription factor (TF) concentration dynamics, transcription, and even single TF molecules in live Drosophila embryos to uncover how enhancer sequence regulates transcription in vivo.  This ambitious work will span multiple length scales, from examining changes in TF concentration at the single-nucleus level, to measuring the formation of local clusters of TFs at the locus level, to watching individual protein-protein interactions as they drive transcription at the molecular level. First, we will understand how TF concentration dynamics regulate gene expression. Second, we will uncover how recently discovered dynamic TF clusters or condensates regulate transcription and how their properties are shaped by enhancer sequence. Finally, we will overcome one of the most daunting technical challenges facing the field of transcription by developing a method to directly visualize the transient protein-protein interactions that drive transcription in vivo. Simultaneously visualizing protein-protein interactions and tracking transcription will make it possible to address the most pressing questions about transcription mechanisms in vivo, by revealing precisely when they occur and how they modulate transcription.
Shifting perspectives: from macrophyte collapses (tipping element) to global environmental change mitigation agents

Environmental conditions in the Anthropocene are rapidly changing triggering important ecological shifts in the Earth system and approaching tipping-point levels faster than previously expected. Macrophytes are an important tipping element in the ocean, disproportionally contributing to climate regulation and in under global decline given the coexistence of multiple anthropogenic impacts. To date, most of the studies on macrophytes have focused on understanding their performance in relation to certain disturbances, but still few information exists about their overall capacity to mitigate global environmental change and their capacity to continue doing so in the future. This interdisciplinary project (SHIFT2SOLVE) comes timely at this aim addressing societal priorities for climate action and the efficiency of natural resources. The main objectives of the action are: 1) quantifying macrophytes’ capacity to buffer environmental change, 2) assessing macrophytes acclimatization and adaptive capacity, 3) forecast the resilience and mitigation capacity of macrophytes in the future based on IPCC climate scenarios and 4) use Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and machine learning to early identify ecosystem contractions at a landscape scale. These objectives will be accomplished by mixing surveys along natural gradients of temperature and ocean acidification (i.e. latitudinal gradients in the Western Mediterranean and natural CO2 vents), manipulative experiments in the field and in the laboratory, genetic analyses and mechanistic mathematical models based on ecophysiological processes. This project will importantly contribute to my career development and professional maturity increasing my independence as a researcher and the oportunities to continuing my research in Europe. Overall, the outcomes of the project will contribute to securing the maximum mitigation capacity possible associated with marine macrophytes, essential to preserve the resilience of the Earth System.
Sustainable conservation and restoration of built cultural heritage

SCORE brings together interdisciplinary and inter-sectorial research and innovation teams involved in sustainable conservation of built cultural heritage from 4 European (France, Italy, Spain, Denmark) and 2 Latin America (Colombia, Mexico) countries. Consortium includes academics, governmental institutions, SME and NGO. The goal is to develop international partnerships and to exchange highly qualified expertise in order to propose solutions for green restoration and rehabilitation works. These conservation materials and methods must minimize their ecological footprint according to the EU circular economy action plan and be durable in a changing climate. 
In order to propose solutions for a large variety of built cultural heritage, two kinds of application cases have been selected, archaeological sites in Yucatan peninsula with an equatorial climate, and vernacular built cultural heritage in different types of warm temperate climates in Europe, using different building materials and techniques.
The future development of buildings conservation must be founded on previous experience cumulated during thousands of years and must take advantage of recent progress in technology. Thanks to the emission scenarios and climate models, future environments may be considered to increase the durability of the materials and methods proposed. 
Main pillars underpinning the SCORE project are:
•	Circular economy principles 
•	Heritage management including valorisation of built cultural heritage 
•	Development of sustainable and durable conservation techniques for vernacular and monumental architecture
•	All masonry materials are concerned, traditional and non-traditional ones 
•	Life Cycle Assessment techniques to estimate and minimize ecological footprint
•	Service life prediction to ensure the durability in present and future climate conditions 
•	Improvement in the techniques to characterise the conservation degree
Physics of Nuclear Radiations: Concepts, Techniques and Applications

Physics Preliminaries Conservation Laws Basics of Relativity Energetics of Photons Energetics of Matter Matter Waves Questions Endnotes Radioactivity Introduction Natural Radioactivity Radioactive Secular Equilibrium Growth and Decay of Radioactivity Age Determination-An Application Questions Endnotes Nuclear Energetics Introduction Q-Value of Nuclear Processes Beta Decay Q-Values for Populating Excited Levels Q-Values of Artificial Transmutation Separation Energies Questions Endnotes Interaction of Heavy Charged Particles with Matter Introduction Bethe Stopping Power Formula Range of Charged Particles Bragg Peak Range of a Particles Range of Particles in Mixtures and Compounds Energy Loss of Electrons by Ionization Endnotes Interactions of Photons and Electrons in Matter Introduction Radiation Length Photon Energy and Material Dependence of Attenuation Coefficients Photon Energy Loss Mechanisms Bragg's Additive Rule Electron Interactions Bremsstrahlung Radiation Length Cherenkov Radiation Transition Radiation Questions Endnotes Interactions of Neutrons with Matter Introduction Nuclear Fission Macroscopic Cross Section Neutron Multiplication in Bulk Matter Questions Endnotes Basics of Radiation Dosimetry Introduction Biological Considerations Working Level Month Specific Gamma Ray Constant Endnotes Radiation Sources Background Production of Electromagnetic Radiation Ion Beam Accelerators Electrostatic Accelerators Alternating Current Accelerators Linear Accelerators Cyclotron Microtron Synchrotron Collider Machines Questions Endnotes Nuclear Radiation Detectors Introduction Cloud Chambers and Bubble Chambers Gas Detectors Multi-Wire Chambers Semiconductor Solid State Detectors Scintillation Counters Cherenkov Detectors Photosensors Measurement Techniques Intensity Measurements Energy Spectroscopy Coincidence Measurements for Energy Spectroscopy Timing Spectroscopy Particle Identification by Time of Flight Emission Nuclear Techniques-A Few Applications Introduction Applications in Medicine Radiation Therapy Trace Element Analyses Appendix A: Radioactive Decays Appendix B: Energetics Appendix C: Cross Sections Appendix D: Physics of Semiconductor Detectors Appendix E: Websites Appendix F: Glossary Index
Response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) to cadmium toxicity: Growth, element uptake, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate

The effect of cadmium (Cd) accumulation on mineral composition in roots and shoots, growth development, chlorophyll and water content of tomato (Solanum lycopersiconMill 63/5F1) seedlings was tested under doses of 0 (control), 10, 50 and 100 µM. Cadmium accumulation was defined by elevated concentrations as 50 to 100 µM in root and shoot tissues. Element uptake by roots and shoot was negatively affected by raise in cadmium concentrations, especially in 100 µM Cd. Root and shoot elongation, root and shoot fresh and dry biomass, leaf area were negatively affected by increasing Cd concentrations. Tissue water content, growth tolerance index, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content were limited by cadmium toxicity. The addition of Cd in the growth medium also had significant deleterious effect on net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and intracellular CO2 concentration (Ci), with Pn being reduced by 27.2 and 62.1% at 5 μmol/L and 100 µM Cd treatments compared to the control, respectively, while Ciincreased correspondingly by 28.4 and 39.3%.

	 

	Key words: Cadmium (Cd), toxicity, growth, nutrient, chlorophyll, photosynthesis.
The therapeutic effect of a new ultra low concentration estriol gel formulation (0.005% estriol vaginal gel) on symptoms and signs of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new low-concentration estriol formulation (0.005% estriol vaginal gel), providing an ultra low dose of estriol per application (50 μg), for the local treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy.Postmenopausal women with symptoms and signs of vaginal atrophy were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Women received either 1 g of vaginal gel containing 50 μg of estriol or placebo gel, daily for 3 weeks and then twice weekly up to 12 weeks. A cytological vaginal study, evaluation of vaginal pH, and assessment of symptoms and signs of vaginal atrophy were performed, and changes between baseline and weeks 3 and 12 were assessed. Adverse events were recorded.A total of 167 women were included (114 received estriol and 53 received placebo). After 12 weeks of therapy, a superiority of estriol compared with placebo gel was shown in the change in maturation value and vaginal pH (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The superiority of estriol was well demonstrated in improvement of vaginal dryness (P = 0.001) and the Global Symptom Score (P = 0.018). Estriol gel proved also superior in the improvement of several of the most outstanding vaginal signs of vaginal atrophy evaluated. After 3 weeks, estriol gel also showed a superiority over the placebo gel in most symptoms and signs evaluated. Treatment-related adverse events were similar among groups.0.005% Estriol vaginal gel, a new formulation providing an ultra low dose of estriol per application, was shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy.
Sexual dimorphism in renal progenitors to explain gender- specificity in kidney physiology and diseases

Kidney disorders represent a major global health burden with a significant sexual dimorphism that is largely unexplained. My group first identified the stem cells of the kidney (renal progenitors) and demonstrated their crucial role in kidney disease. 
Here, I propose that sex hormones regulate number and function of renal progenitors to empower females to face the hemodynamic and metabolic challenges of pregnancy. I further propose that this process impacts on sexual dimorphisms in incidence and outcome of kidney diseases including kidney cancer. A multitude of unpublished data obtained with primary human progenitor cultures and unique mouse models of progenitor-specific sex hormones receptor knockout already support my concepts. I will demonstrate that, starting from the age of fertility, estrogen signaling in renal progenitors supports their survival and self-renewal, which is needed to increase their capacity to generate new podocytes and tubular epithelial cells. I will show that failure to produce a sufficient number of podocytes from estrogen-activated renal progenitors promotes preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation. This is a completely new pathophysiological concept of why women with a mismatch of nephron number and pregnancy-related hyperfiltration develop preeclampsia. I will further demonstrate that the same mechanism protects fertile women from severe forms of glomerular injury unrelated to pregnancy. Finally, I will prove that to compensate for the lower number of renal progenitors, testosterone pushes them to proliferate more in males and that this can explain the increased incidence of most prevalent forms of kidney cancer, that derive from renal progenitors. This topic is a direct continuation of my previous studies on renal progenitors supported by ERC Starting and Consolidator grants and will unravel fundamental paradigms in kidney physiology, adaptation, and disease with important implications for prevention and management of kidney disease.
METHODS, NODES AND DEVICES FOR ENSURING SECURITY OF SERVICE REQUESTS

A method (30) is provided for a first network node (22) of ensuring validity of a service request. The method (30) comprises receiving (31), from a second network node (13), a first piece of information relating to a destination identifier of the service request; receiving (32), from a communication device (12), a request for the service, the request comprising a second piece of information relating to the destination identifier; and determining (33) the service request to be valid if establishing a correspondence of the first piece of information with the second piece of information, else determining the service request to be invalid. Methods in a second network node (13) and in a communications device (12) are also provided and corresponding devices.
Antimicrobial and Preliminary Phytochemical studies of Methanol Extract of Root Bark of Crossopteryx febrifuga (Rubiaceae)

Crossopteryx febrifuga is one of the useful plants used in Hausa traditional medicine in North Western Nigeria. It belongs to the family Rubiaceae. The phytochemical studies of the root bark of the plant was carried out using standard procedure. The was found tocontain: steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, tannins, alkaloids and saponnins. The antimicrobial activity screening was carried out using both bacterial and fungal strains. The bacterial strains include: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericia coli. The fungal strains Include: Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. In general, the extract showed considerable activity on the bacterial species. It inhibited the growth of both gram positive and gram negative microorganism with zones of inhibition ranging from 7- 23 mm at concentrations of 50 µg/ml, 100 µg/ml and 200 µg/ml. The plant extract did not show significant activity on fungal strains. It inhibited the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus at 400 µg/ml and 500 µg/ml which produced zones of inhibition of 8 mm and 12 mm respectively at the stated concentration. It can be concluded that the activity showed by the methanolic extract of the plant is as a result of the phytochemicals present in the plant.
NOVEL TOPICAL FORMULATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF LOCALIZED PAIN

The present invention is directed to a topical formulation containing benzyl alcohol as a penetration enhancer and an anti-inflammatory drug in an effective amount and which allows said anti-inflammatory to penetrate the skin.