SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Shale Symposium at the International Congress of the ISRM Montreal, Canada May 10–13, 2015

The Canadian Rock Mechanics Association (CARMA) and the American Rock Mechanics Association (ARMA) together with the leadership of the Congress under Professor Hassani organized a special ‘‘Shale Symposium’’ at the International Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM). This symposium, which ran during four half days during the 3-day Congress, was structured in three topic areas with corresponding sessions: ‘‘Basics and Slopes’’, ‘‘Mining and Tunnels’’, ‘‘Hydrocarbon’’. An additional session was devoted to a debate on ‘‘Shale is a Soft Rock, not a Hard Soil’’. Each of the topic sessions started and ended with a keynote paper. The keynote papers were substantially revised, and the revised versions were peer reviewed for publication in this special issue following this editorial. A few comments about the topics covered in each session are provided here: In Basics and Slopes most of the papers dealt with basic mechanical and mineralogical properties of shales, and the majority of papers did so based on laboratory tests and field observations while a few concentrated on numerical modeling. Mining and Tunneling papers not only presented a variety of case studies but also some work on fundamental aspects that need to be considered. Not surprisingly many of the case studies relate to radioactive waste repositories. As to be expected the Hydrocarbon session was the one with the largest number of papers. There was a good mix of topics, ranging from simulation (modeling) to laboratory and field experiments, including several papers that combined modeling and experimentation. The papers are listed in the list of references at the end of this editorial. As indicated above, the Symposium also included the debate on the ‘‘motion’’ ‘‘Shale is a Soft Rock, not a Hard Soil’’. Debaters for the motion were Derek Elsworth and Priscilla Nelson; debating against were John McLennan and Maurice Dusseault. The debate started with a short formal argument by each debater, followed by informal replies by all debaters, questions from the audience to the debaters and an open discussion within the audience. It ended with a vote, which after an initial vote with equal numbers of votes for and against, ended with the nearly unanimous vote for Mark Zoback’s proposal. ‘‘Shale is both a soft rock and a hard soil’’. This is a very appropriate introduction to the Special Issue since it reflects both the basic properties of the material and the engineering consequences.
Dialysis therapy between Italy and Switzerland

Renal impairment and dialysis treatment represent and increasingly important issue, with a strong social and economic impact. The project “DialysIS” aims to define optimum clinical protocols to be shared amongst the various sanitary operators so as to ensure high quality territorial and cross-border continuity to the access and treatment of dialysis. The project will create a web platform that will allow to check and update the clinical protocols carried out thus encouraging a cooperative approach between the different care centres involved. At the end of the project the web platform will contain the optimum protocols, that can be easily personalized, and will offer a second opinion to doctors that will request one.
Effect of genotype, age and their interaction on egg quality and composition of laying chicken.

Egg quality and physical egg composition traits of two selected strains, a control line and a naked neck line of White Leghorns (WLh) and two selected strains of Rhode Island Red (RIR) were evaluated at three stages (30, 36 and 44 weeks of age). Egg quality and composition traits showed improvement with age but specific gravity, albumen height, HUS, % albumen declined with age. The WLh selected strains had higher egg weight, yolk height, yolk diameter, yolk weight and albumen quality than the control line while specific gravity and shell thickness, were higher in the control line. Of the two RIR strains, RIR-C had higher shape index, albumen height, Haugh unit score, specific gravity and shell weight than RIR-B.
Design and development of advanced nanomedicines to overcome biological barriers and to treat severe diseases

Many therapeutic targets are shielded behind biological barriers, limiting the possibility to reach them with conventional drugs or diagnostic probes. Biological barriers are even more problematic for most biological pharmaceutics, such as recombinant proteins, antibodies and gene therapeutics. The most promising solution to this challenge is the use of nano-vehicles for specific targeting and delivery. The aim of NABBA is to form European early stage researchers (ESR) with cutting-edge scientific knowledge in the field of nanoparticles (NP) for biomedical application, able to cross biological barriers. For this aim the project will train ESRs, focusing on key aspects of nanobiotechnology: (i) design and chemical synthesis of different types of NPs, (ii) related techniques of detection and characterization, (iii) strategies of loading, targeting and delivery of drugs or diagnostic probes; (iv) proof of principle of pharmacological activity including pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. As a peculiar feature of NABBA, strong emphasis will be devoted to molecular mechanisms ruling biological barriers under physiological and pathological conditions, in order to develop novel nano-technological expedients for their crossing. Strong emphasis will be devoted to advanced chemistry issues, enabling new synthetic strategies either for NP assembly or functionalization. Different biological barriers will be addressed. ESRs will strongly benefit from a network of internationally recognized scientists in the field of chemistry, nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine, and the participation of companies with relevant interests and expertises in the field. The planned cooperation programs between Academia and Industries will allow the circulation of ESRs and this will give them the opportunity for to get acquainted with the most advanced research in the field, the most sophisticated technologies and the most advanced Industrial manufacturing platforms and innovative strategies.
European Places of the Spirit

The project main objective is the creation of a European network of areas and regions that are rich in spiritual and cultural traditions and heritage. The network will link together territories in Umbria (Italy), a region known as the ‘land of Saints’ for its stunning religious heritage, Marche (Italy), whose concentration of ‘sacred place’ is one of the highest in the Country and where there is one of the richest Romanic religious heritage in Europe; North-East Region (Romania), a region famous for the painted monasteries of Bucovina dating back to XV-XVI Century and Thessalia (Greece), where, in the XIV Century, the famous meteorisa monastiria (monasteries built on top of pinnacles) were built and developed. The project will develop activities in order to achieve two broad aims: - awareness-raising among local populations about their own cultural heritage seen as a cornerstone of regional and national identity, through dissemination of information, - attraction of qualified tourist flows to the regions involved, through the creation of ‘packages’ focused on the spiritual and cultural aspects of these areas of Europe and linked together through a thematic network called ‘European Places of the Spirit’. The network, supported by IT instruments, will be able to offer tourists looking for a spiritual destination all the necessary information, along with the links to the partner countries that could offer a similar travelling experience.
ASTARTE STRATEGIES_BANDO MICROINCENTIVI I CALL

DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOMEDICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE SERVICE FOR THE NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE HEMODYNAMIC CONDITIONS OF THE AORTA IN PATIENTS WITH ANEURYSMS OR DISSECTIONS. THE PROJECT IS AIMED AT DEVELOPING AN INNOVATIVE BIOMEDICAL CONSULTING SERVICE: THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF AN OPTIMISED NUMERICAL PROCEDURE, THE SERVICE IS ABLE TO QUICKLY PRODUCE DETAILS OF THE FLUID DYNAMIC REGIME IN THE AORTA FROM DATA OBTAINED THROUGH TRADITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC METHODS (RM, CT, ETC.). HOWEVER, THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE REQUIRES AN ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTAL ACTIVITY (SUBJECT TO THIS CALL) TO CONFIRM THE ACCURACY OF THE PROPOSED NUMERICAL PROCEDURE. THE ACTIVITY IS DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING PHASES. STEP 1 — SELECTION OF CASE STUDIES. PHASE 2 — CONSTRUCTION OF AORTA PROTOTYPES AND LABORATORY TEXTS (SUBJECT TO THIS CALL). STEP 3 — NUMERICAL-EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON
[The influence of air flow rate change on functional evaluation of semicircular canals].

To calculate and compare the change of canal paresis (CP) and directional preponderance (DP) before and after changing air flow rate of testing ear, and to discuss the influence of air flow rate change of single ear on the final result of caloric test.The CPs and DPs were calculated when the caloric tests were carried out with the air flow rate 6 L/min in both ears as symmetry stimulation, and with the air flow rate 6 L/min in left ear and 3 L/min in right ear as asymmetric stimulation. Paired T test was used in analysis between symmetry and asymmetric group.CPs and DPs declined significant in asymmetric group, and the difference was statistically significant.When air flow rate declined, CP was to the same side, while DP was to opposite side. There might be false positive or negative result.
NEW BUSINESS INTERCONNECTION

WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROJECT, D.F. S.R.L INTENDS TO INTRODUCE THREE NEW MACHINERY, ALL MEETING THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF INDUSTRY 4.0, AND A NEW MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITHIN ITS OWN REALITY, WITH THE AIM OF OPTIMISING RESOURCES AND WORKING TIME, WHILE EXPANDING THE RANGE OF WORKABLE PROCESSES.
Living with an other-race roommate shapes Whites' behavior in subsequent diverse settings

Abstract In a multi-phase research design over two academic semesters, White college students assigned to either a same-race or other-race roommate were tracked across two survey phases and a third phase involving an interracial interaction with a Black stranger. After four months, Whites who lived with an other-race roommate came to have more diverse friends and believe that diversity was more important than did Whites with a White roommate. After six months, self-reports, partner ratings, and nonverbal behavior indicated that Whites with an other-race roommate were less anxious, more pleasant, and more physically engaged during a novel interracial interaction. These results demonstrate that residential contact with other-race individuals not only affects race-related attitudes, but can also reduce interracial anxiety and positively influence behavior in subsequent diverse settings.
Walking speed and high blood pressure mortality risk in a Spanish elderly population

This study analyzed the relationship between blood pressure and all-cause mortality according to objectively measured walking speed in a Mediterranean population-based sample of older persons. We used data from the longitudinal 'Peñagrande' Cohort Study, initiated in 2008 in a sex- and age-stratified random sample of 1250 people aged ⩾65 years living in Madrid (Spain). A total of 814 individuals participated in the first study wave. The average of two standardized blood pressure readings was used. Walking speed was measured over a 3-m walk and classified as faster (⩾0.8 m s(-1)) or slower. A total of 314 individuals were slower walkers, 475 were faster walkers and 25 did not complete the walk test. Cox proportional hazards models stratified by walking speed were used to assess the association between blood pressure and all-cause death. Non-linear relationship between BP and mortality was explored by a restricted cubic spline analysis. There were 171 deaths from study entry through 31 March 2013. Systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg were associated with higher mortality than blood pressure values above 140 and 90 mm Hg, respectively, but this association reached statistical significance only for systolic blood pressure and only in the slower walkers. In conclusion, systolic blood pressure levels <140 mm Hg were found associated with higher risk of total mortality among slower walkers in an old Spaniard population cohort.
Attosecond x-ray molecular dynamics and strong-field control

The development in recent years of ultrashort light sources in the attosecond regime has opened new avenues for the investigation of electronic and nuclear dynamics. In particular, the current development of UV-XUV or UV-X-ray pump-probe schemes with subfemtosecond temporal resolution represents a doorway to study chemical reactions in excited states of molecules in real-time, including biological reactions, such as e.g. those related to DNA damage and mutations. 
The aim of this project is to understand and ultimately control photochemical reactions in excited states of polyatomic molecules, especially relating to two fundamental processes in biology and chemistry: (i) cis-trans photoisomerization and (ii) the internal conversion of pi-pi*/n-pi* states in organic chromophores. Two top-notch experimental methods will be employed to achieve this goal: attosecond X-ray transient absorption (X-ATAS) at the University of California at Berkeley (United States), where the fellowship will be carried out under the supervision of Prof. S. Leone, and three-color femtosecond pump-probe velocity map imaging (fs-VMI) at Complutense University of Madrid (Spain), where the incoming phase will take place under the supervision of Prof. L. Bañares. 
The project is divided in three specific objectives and work-packages. Firstly, the powerful X-ATAS method will be employed to observe dynamics in real-time through individual carbon atom spectra and disentangle the dynamics underlying these processes in two polyatomic targets –nitroethylene and transbutadiene– and two bio-relevant ones –thymine and citosine. Secondly, attosecond control in real-time using X-ATAS on the pi-pi*/ n-pi* internal conversion in thymine will be performed in a pioneering experiment. Finally, effective femtosecond control with fs-VMI of these processes in nitroethylene and trans-butadiene, molecules of interest for technologies, will be performed based on the relevant results from the X-ATAS experiments.
Conception of public school teachers in São José do Egito, Pernambuco, about Environmental Education

The inclusion of environmental issues in formal education is recent. In this reality, the present study aimed to analyze the conception that teachers from public schools in São José do Egito, Pernambuco - Brazil, have on relevant issues and actions for Environmental Education. We interviewed 22 teachers through a structured questionnaire consisting of 10 questions focusing on environmental matters. We found that 95.5% of the interviewees showed interest in studying environmental issues and considered themselves as responsible for any environmental damage occurring. They all stated that environmental damage worries them and 72.7% have already tried to change this situation. They (72.7%) believe that there can be economic and social development without causing environmental impacts. Half of them consider the citizens as the main responsible for the damage to the environment and at the same time as the most involved with its protection. In addition, 40.9% said that the school where they work treats environmental issues superficially and 59.1% said the textbook as insufficient material to address environmental issues. The low school performance and the lack of teacher training in Environmental Education compromise the critical education of students regarding environment preservation.
Improving policies in support of shared pilot facilities to increase their impact on the Key Enabling Technology Industrial Biotech and the European Bio-economy

SmartPilots' objective is to improve regional  policies in support of Shared Pilot Facilities to increase their impact on the Key Enabling technology (KET) Industrial Biotech and the bio-economy.  The bio-economy adresses societal challenges such as climate change, sustainable economic growth and energy independence.  The bio-economy enables the sustainable production of chemicals, pharmaceutical products, materials, food, feed and energy from renewable raw materials. Shared pilot facilities are open access test sites that bring bio-economy innovations from the laboratory into industrial practice. They are open to   all companies and research institutes,  and can thus be seen as shared investments in innovation equipment. They have proven to be successful in helping innovators, especially SMEs, to bridge the so-called Valley of Death, i.e. the innovation phase between between laboratory and successful  market introduction, that comes with a high technological and financial risk. Typically, initial funding from governments is available to build a Shared Pilot Facility, but  it is a challenge to safeguard their long-term existence, especially since bio-economy is relatively new and dedicated policies are currently lacking in many regions.     In SmartPilots, regional policies will be improved to provide support in a cost-effective and impact oriented manner. This will be done by optimizing direct support for shared pilot facilities, by optimizing indirect support i.e. direct support for users of shared pilot facilities, and by facilitating interregional cooperation regarding Shared Pilot Facilities. The Shared Pilot Facilities and regions involved are Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant and the department of Economy, Science and Innovation from Flanders (Belgium), Centre for Process Innovation from Tees Valley (UK), VTT from Helsinki Uusimaa (Finland), Bioprocess Pilot Facility and Provincie Zuid Holland (the Netherlands) and Innovhub SSI from Lombardy (Italy).
Temperature-phased anaerobic digestion of the hydromechanically separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste with sewage sludge

Abstract This paper examines the temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) process treating the mixture of municipal sewage sludge with the hydromechanically separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste (HS-OFMSW). The experiments showed that the performance of the TPAD process strongly depends on the conditions applied in the thermophilic stage. The TPAD system operated at a solids retention time (SRT) of 1 and 14 days in the first and second steps, respectively, achieved the overall methane yield of 333 l CH4 kgVS−1 and the volatile solids reduction of 52.1%, whereas the corresponding values reported for a control single-stage mesophilic process were 230 l CH4 kgVS−1 and 37.23%, respectively. However, when an SRT of the thermophilic reactor was extended to 2 days, the methane production in the subsequent mesophilic stage significantly decreased. It was therefore concluded that the prolonged exposure of feedstock to the thermophilic temperatures can lead to greater intensity of protein degradation. Consequently, higher amounts of ammonia are liberated to the liquid phase, which results in the inhibition of methanogenesis in the subsequent mesophilic step. Moreover, ammonia affects the release and distribution of volatile fatty acids, which also influences the performance of the whole TPAD system.
Domestic refrigerator with modular shelves

A domestic refrigerator has a cavity with side walls and in which a plurality of shelves can be installed. On each side wall (12) of the cavity at least one support element (16) in the form of a substantially planar frame provided with guide means (18, 20) is fitted in appropriate seats (14, 32) provided in said wall (12) in order to support the shelves (22, 24) and to permit the latter to be located in configurations at different heights in the cavity. <IMAGE>
A privacy-preserving marketplace for slot management

The aviation industry is confronted with rising passenger numbers and increased flight volume in the face of limited resources at airports and in the air. At the same time, airlines struggle with increased cost pressure from an increasing number of market participants while the highest safety standards demand compliance with complex processes. One promising area of optimization is the allocation of Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) slots. ATFM slots are issued by the EUROCONTROL Network Manager in times of increased flight traffic, regulating time of departure, exact execution of the flight route, and time of landing.

Until now, ATFM slots have only been subject to intra-airline swaps, used by airlines to prioritize expensive flights and thus minimize overall costs. Reasons for different costs of individual flights are, for example, the provisioning of connecting flights for passengers or work time restrictions for crew members. Airlines want to keep the cost structure of their flights confidential, as they fear a competitive disadvantage when disclosed. This desire for confidentiality has hampered slot swapping between different airlines.

SlotMachine will employ blockchain technology and secure multi-party computation to extend the existing UDPP solution with the possibility to keep private the participating airlines’ confidential information such as the cost structure of flights. Technology will allow for secure, auditable transactions without the need for a central broker where stakeholders will be able to enter slot swapping transactions without disclosing information to other participants.

By demonstrating the feasibility of a privacy-preserving platform for swapping ATFM slots, the foundation can be laid for the development of a product that will be an essential element in the aviation industry in the future. It contributes to better use of existing resources at airports, higher efficiency of airlines, lower emissions, and shorter delays for passengers.
Sustainability and Profitability: Effort in Recycling of Aluminium –An Indian Perspective

ABSTRACT The case study is aimed at highlighting the key issues and challenges in the aluminium recycling efforts by the industry.  Recycling aluminium involves technology issues, scrap collection/handling issues apart from corporate will and commitment towards a sustainable planet. Aluminium, the third most abundant element in the earth’s crust, enjoys wide variety of applications ranging from small utensils to aircrafts. The energy consumed in recycling the aluminium scrap is much lower than primary aluminium production. The recycling efforts also helps in preserving vital natural resource i.e. bauxite for future generation, reduces fluoride emissions, prevents solid waste, brings efficiency in scrap handling, in eliminating fire hazards. While secondary aluminium industry constitutes 40% of the total consumption of the metal in developed industry, in India there is huge gap in terms efforts, technological inputs, stakeholders contribution to achieve global benchmarks and the percentage achieved in recycling metal in nearly 20% of total consumption. Countries like Japan have in reality stopped importing the aluminium metal as a primary source and it must inspire other countries as well for emulating. The aluminium industry in India is making great strides to compete globally in terms of recycling. The case study attempts to  identify the efforts for organized scrap processing, improved understanding between recycler & consumer, gearing to meet the projected growth of 20% in automobile industry , adoption of newer technologies, improved quality and Increase awareness of safety & environmental sustainability.The challenge of economic, ecological and social sustainability is there for all countries and industries. The aluminium industry must fulfil the commitment of ensuring competitive advantage and concurrently more sustainable global economy of the future. Key Words : Aluminium Recycling, Sustainability, Technology, Scrap etc.