SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The cost of injury and trauma care in low- and middle-income countries: a review of economic evidence

Injuries are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, of which more than 90% occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the extent of this burden being confronted by LMICs, there is need to place injury prevention at the forefront of public health initiatives and to understand the costs associated with injury. The aim of this article is to describe the extent to which injury-related costing studies have been conducted in LMICs.A review of literature was performed to explore costing data available for injury and/or trauma care in LMICs. Study quality was described using recommendations from the Community Guide's quality assessment tool for economic evaluations.The review identified 68 studies, of which 13 were full economic evaluations. Cost of injury varied widely with mean costs ranging from US$14 to US$17 400. In terms of injury-prevention interventions, cost per disability adjusted life year averted for injury-prevention interventions ranged from US$10.90 for speed bump installation to US$17 000 for drunk driving and breath testing campaigns in Africa. The studies varied in quality, ranging from very good to unsatisfactory.There is a lack of injury-related economic evidence from LMICs. Current costing research has considerable variability in the costs and cost descriptions of injury and associated prevention interventions. The generalizability of these studies is limited. Yet the economic burden of injury is high, suggesting significant potential for cost savings through injury prevention. A standardized approach to economic evaluation of injury in LMICs is needed to further prioritize investing in injury prevention.
Evaluation on Chemical components of Tobacco Leaves from Different Aromatic Flue-cured Tobacco Production Areas

To improve the quality of tobacco leaves,72 tobacco leave samples with three grades were collected from 8 aromatic flue-cured tobacco production areas(Anhui Wannan,Guangdong Nanxiong,Henan Xuchang,Henan Luohe,Henan Nanyang,Hunan Liuyang,Hunan Chenzhou and Shandong Weifang) and were analyzed for evaluating their main chemical components.The results showed that the changes of chemical components observed mainly in the aspects of total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium,chlorine,total sugar/nicotine and K/ Cl.The content of total sugar,reducing sugar,potassium and the ratio of sugar/nicotine,K/Cl were higher in the tobacco leave samples from southern production areas(Anhui Wannan,Guangdong Nanxiong,Hunan Liuyang and Hunan Chenzhou) than from the production areas of Yellow River and Huai He River(Henan Xuchang,Henan Luohe,Henan Nanyang,Shandong Weifang).The ratio of K/Cl in samples from four former areas was favorable and the total sugar/nicotine in samples from four latter was appropriate.
Honeycomb body, method for producing a brazed honeycomb body and exhaust gas treatment component

A honeycomb body includes at least one housing and metal foils forming a channel structure. The channel structure is fastened to the housing by a multiplicity of linear brazed connections. A production method for providing the linear brazed connections between the channel structure and the housing and an exhaust gas treatment component having the honeycomb body in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle, are also provided.
Photochimie de Dérivés Aromatiques: III [1] Propriétés Acido-Basiques de Dérivés Aromatiques non Substitués dans les États Électroniques Excités Singulet et Triplet

The acidity constants of protonated naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, chrysene, triphenylene and 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene in their lowest singlet and triplet excited states have been estimated by application of the Forster cycle to the electronic spectra of the neutral and protonated species prepared in 96% sulfuric acid or in trifluoroactic-boron trifluoride mixtures.



With the exception of 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene, the basicity of these hydrocarbons is increased in the S1 state compared to the ground state. Except chrysene and 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene, a similar trend is observed for the lowest triplet state although the ΔpK(T1-So) values are smaller than the ΔpK(S1-So) values. Solutions of naphtalene, anthracene and phenanthrene in CH3COOD were irradiated. It is shown that the positions of H/D exchange are the same for naphthalene in the ground state and in the excited state (position 1 or equivalent). Phenanthrene is photodeuterated essentially on positions 4,5, although in dark condition, deuteration occurs on positions 9, 10.
Experimental Study on Properties of Coal and Coke Dry Quenching Dust Blend

In the present research work, adding a certain amount of coke dry quenching(CDQ) dust to pulverized coal used in blast furnace is proposed for efficient utilization of resources and reducing smelting cost. The properties of coal blends and coal/dust blends were investigated by using long tube tester and the device of thermogravimetry (TG). Important results were obtained by experimental researches about explosibility and combustion performance. According to optimum blending ratio of coal B in coal blend (around 50%), burnout of coal/dust blends decreases after adding CDQ dust in the range 5% to 10% to blends. However, all of them are more than 80%, which can meet production requirements. In the case of adding about 8% of CDQ dust to coal blend, combustion efficiency is better and safety injection can be realized.
Influence of chain structure on crystal polymorphism of poly(lactic acid). Part 2. Effect of molecular mass on the crystal growth rate and semicrystalline morphology

The influence of molecular parameters on the crystallization kinetics and α/α ′-crystal polymorphism of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was analyzed. Previous studies indicated that the content of l- and d-lactic acid affects both the crystallization rate and the formation of α- and α′- crystals of PLA. This preliminary investigation has now been completed by analysis of the influence of the chain length on the growth rate of the α- and α′-polymorphs. A series of linear PLA grades with molecular masses ranging from 60 to almost 600 kDa, and containing up to 3 wt.% d-lactic acid was investigated. Independent of the copolymer composition, an increase of the molecular mass leads to a lower maximum crystallization rate but does not affect the α/α′-crystal polymorphism of PLA upon melt crystallization, at least for the analyzed range of molecular mass and d-lactic acid content. Lower molecular mass causes an initial growth of hedritic superstructures, which gradually transform into spherulites. The d-lactic acid content also affects the morphology, as hedrites are observed also at higher molecular mass. Highly irregular and fibrillar structures grow in PLA grades with low stereoregularity and high molecular mass.
Beatriu de pinos-3 postdoctoral programme

The Beatriu de Pinos programme (BP) has been running successfully since 2005 and aims to promote postdoctoral research and transnational mobility in all fields of research in Catalonia. The grant will be three years long and will enable outstanding junior researchers from all nationalities to train and conduct research in any Catalan excellence research group on a project of their choice. The main objectives of the BP3 project are: a) enable the transition towards a consolidated research career attracting 120 of junior postdoctoral researchers over 5 years, multiplying each one’s skills sets and networks via targeted Career Development Plans and mentoring; b) improve the quality of postdoctoral research training; c) and increase the competitiveness of the Catalan scientific community and for extension the European one. The long term objective of BP3 is to significantly contribute to the career development of more researchers and qualified future independent leaders.
The Cofund contribution will be used to add one more year to the grant, increase the number of fellowships and the líving and research and mobility allowances and provide better career opportunities and favourable working conditions in accordance with the European Charter of Researchers. Besides high level interdisciplinary scientific research training, researchers will receive additional training in complementary skills and a special personalize career development support will also be given during and after the grant finishes. Intersectoral secondments will be fostered, not only to private industry but also to the public and government sector as all of them are crucial contributors to a knowledge based society.
Catalonia has fostered a successful research and knowledge hub in the south of Europe in a relatively short time and provides the postdoctoral researcher the best environment to deepen scientific skills and develop new ones.
The programme is driven by AGAUR.
Male segregated networks and the gender funding gap in the access of venture capital – A venture capital perspective

Several studies show the presence of a gender funding gap in the access to venture capital. Recent published articles about this topic found that the funding gap is even more significant in the Netherlands. This thesis aims at providing new insights from a venture capital perspective about why the gender funding gap still ceases to exist. The theory of gender homophily is used in this research to answer several questions regarding the access of venture capital by female entrepreneurs. A focus has been lied down on the deal origination stage since this is the first and a very crucial stage for startups who seek venture capital. On the bases of interviews conducted with six seed and early-stage venture capital firms, this thesis tried to find awareness of the funding gap, new insights and possible countermeasures used in deal origination by venture capitalists. However, none of the interviewees used any countermeasures against gender homophily because the venture capital firms perceive the funding gap differently. They do recognise that women receive significantly less funding but observe that those female entrepreneurs are not underfunded. They argue that the gender gap results from a lack of women in technology and female entrepreneurship. Important further research opportunities have been provided based on these findings.
VEHICLE COMPARTMENT STRUCTURE

A structure (10) comprising a load or passenger carrying compartment of a vehicle having a ventilating apparatus internal for moving air between a first environment (13) and a second internal environment (14) along an air flow path (15), the air regulating means (11; 12) comprising a rotatable member (16; 17) rotatable by a drive means (35) about an axis (A; B) of rotation, and the member (16; 17) having a plurality of generally axially extending elements (18; 19) which extend generally outwardly of the axis of rotation (A; B) and the elements (18; 19) being spaced from one another by axially extending spaces (S; S') between each pair of the elements, the arrangement being such that as the member (16; 17) is rotated, each of the elements (18; 19), in turn, engages a reaction surface (21; 22) to cause a volume of air to be moved from the first (13) or second (14) environment and be driven into the second (14) or first (13) environment.
Chimeric antigen receptor (car) t-cell therapy against solid tumors by targeting the vasculature

Advances of adoptive cellular therapy and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have resulted in unprecedented responses in patients with malignant tumors. Due to the fact that tumor growth and metastasis depend on the formation of new blood vessels, termed angiogenesis, direct targeting of the tumor vasculature provides a universal point of engagement in the battle against cancer. The main objective of this project is the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell approaches to target the tumor vasculature. Although extremely effective in hematological malignancies, success of CAR T cell strategies against solid tumors is lagging behind. It is hypothesized that aiming CAR T cells towards the tumor vasculature will be effective, as (i) the target is readily accessible via the blood stream and (ii) the engineered T cells do not need to enter the immunosuppressive environment of the tumor. Vimentin, which is known as a cytoskeletal protein, was found to massively externalize from tumor endothelial cells and to become deposited in the surrounding matrix, while expression in all other cells is exclusively intracellular. Therapeutic targeting of this extracellular vimentin (eVim) with antibodies – or through vaccination – resulted in pronounced inhibition of tumor growth, in absence of toxicity. AngioCAR is a multidisciplinary project, aimed to develop CAR T cells against eVim for targeting of solid tumors. Newly developed antibodies against eVim will be expressed as the CAR to redirect T cells to the tumor vasculature. This will not only result in direct endothelial cell killing, but will also increase local inflammation and reduce immune suppression. The project also aims for testing the possible synergistic combination with checkpoint inhibitors as well. AngioCAR results have the potential capacity to open new avenues in cancer treatment in terms of enhancing specificity and efficiency.
Fitoplâncton de lagoas de estabilização da Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE) no oeste do Paraná, Brasil: classes Chlorophyceae e Euglenophyceae

The present study aimed to understand the fl oristic composition of the classes Chlorophyceae and Euglenophyceae present in the wastewater treatment station (WWTP) located in Cascavel, Parana, Brazil. The collections of biological material were performed monthly at two points (24o55’11”; 24o55’05” S and 53o29’09”; 53o29’14” W) from March 2011 to February 2012, totaling in 36 samples. Six taxa of chlorophytes of the order Chlorococcalesand fi ve taxa of euglenoids of the order Euglenales were identifi ed, thus being the total taxa recored for both orders; four are new records for the state of Parana: Golenkiniopsis solitaria (Korshikov) Korshikov, Euglena agilis Carter, E. clara Skuja, and E. geniculata Dujardin emend. Schmitz
A Sociocognitive Perspective on Assessing EL Students in the Age of Common Core and Next Generation Science Standards

Subject-area standards such as Common Core State Standards for Language Arts and Mathematics and Next Generation Science Standards offer deeper, richer views of subject-area proficiency. In science, they underscore doing things with facts and concepts, such as explaining, planning, and investigating—activities that are intertwined with language, with specialized structures and functions of academic English. This article explores the implications of a sociocognitive view of learning for assessment based on these standards, focusing on English learners (ELs). The authors describe how ELs and native English speakers alike develop subject-area and language resources jointly through activities, and how teachers use local knowledge to scaffold this development for students from diverse cultures and varying English experience. They then describe concomitant assessment strategies. The grounding of the standards in learning progressions enables the design of tasks which, while complex, challenge particular aspects of capability at targeted levels. A strategy can be used to craft tasks that are at once consistent with the standards but targeted to students with differing profiles of capabilities. This design strategy is well suited to contextualized formative assessment in local contexts such as classrooms. It supports design for large-scale assessment as well, although rich and complex tasks that are not matched to students’ language and subject-area profiles face the low generalizability that plagued performance assessments in the 1980s. We consider ways that assessment design and tailored adaption can ameliorate some of the difficulties.
Hydraulic design and performance prediction of home methane-sludge pump

In order to deal with the problem of removing the residue fluid and sludge from the methane pit,a home methane-sludge pump was designed.By analyzing the working medium of the sludge pump,the structure mode of flow-passage components was determined and the hydraulic design of the flow-passage components was performed.In the process of impeller hydraulic design a concrete and effective method was given to deal with the situation;where it was impossible to form a smooth flow passage.Its result was checked with three-dimensional modeling so that the rationality of the hydraulic design was guaranteed.The numerical analysis and computation of flow field were performed for different working conditions of the methane-sludge and its the performance was also predicted.
IS THERE A BLACK HOLE IN NGC 4382?

We present HST STIS observations of the galaxy NGC 4382 (M85) and axisymmetric models of the galaxy to determine mass-to-light ration (M/L, V-band) and central black hole mass (M_BH). We find M/L = 3.74 +/- 0.1 (solar units) and M_BH = 1.3 (+5.2, -1.2) \times 10^7 M_sun at an assumed distance of 17.9 Mpc, consistent with no black hole. The upper limit, M_BH < 9.6 \times 10^7 M_sun (2{\sigma}) or M_BH < 1.4 \times 10^8 M_sun (3{\sigma}) is consistent with the current M-{\sigma} relation, which predicts M_BH = 8.8 \times 10^7 M_sun at {\sigma}_e = 182 km/s, but low for the current M-L relation, which predicts M_BH = 7.8 \times 10^8 M_sun at L_V = 8.9 \times 10^10 L_sun,V. HST images show the nucleus to be double, suggesting the presence of a nuclear eccentric stellar disk, in analogy to the Tremaine disk in M31. This conclusion is supported by the HST velocity dispersion profile. Despite the presence of this non-axisymmetric feature and evidence of a recent merger, we conclude that the reliability of our black hole mass determination is not hindered. The inferred low black hole mass may explain the lack of nuclear activity.
Maximising synergies between disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation: Potential enablers for improved planning outcomes

Recent extreme weather events worldwide have highlighted the vulnerability of many urban settlements to future climatic change. These events are expected to increase in frequency and intensity under climate change scenarios. Although the climatic change may be unavoidable, effective planning and response can reduce its impacts. Drawing on empirical data from a 3-year multi-sectoral study of climate change adaptation for human settlements in the South East Queensland region, Australia, this paper draws on multi-sectoral perspectives to propose enablers for maximising synergies between disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation to achieve improved planning outcomes. Multi-sectoral perspectives are discussed under four groups of identified enablers: spatial planning; cross-sectoral planning; social/community planning; and strategic/long term planning. Based on the findings, a framework is proposed to guide planning systems to maximise synergies between the fields of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation to minimise the vulnerability of communities to extreme weather events in highly urbanised areas.
The fascination of the senses: two lands, two concepts of hospitality meet and make people meet along trails of perfumes, flavours, sounds, contacts and colours in the farmhouse accommodations of Middle Friuli and Western Slovenia. 

Through customized marketing actions, this project intends to enhance farmhouse accommodations and the surrounding territory, in order to promote a sustainable tourism that is compatible with the rhythm of places, whose nature contrasts with “bite and run” tourism. Therefore rural tourism operators must join their efforts so that, on the Internet, they can promote together the natural and cultural resources of the rural area, elements of proven value for sustainable tourism. Later on, a wide historical-cultural heritage will be catalogued together with cultural, folklore and wine-and-food events; guided tours in both territories will be proposed. In particular, all farmhouse accommodations to be found in the project partner municipalities are going to be connected under a single denominator; travelling in the realm of the senses: smell (officinal herbs), taste (typical Slovenian dishes and products from Friuli - S. Daniele ham, grappa, wine, olive oil, cheese); hearing (concerts), touch (school initiatives - learning about animals, animal-assisted therapy) and sight (nature and environment). The project is publicized through multilingual brochures which illustrate the route and the related initiatives; news about the project can also be found on the main newspapers of Friuli Venezia Giulia and on the web site www.fascinodeisensi.com. This initiative aims at improving the quality of the services provided, defining and adopting common standards, undertaking an assessment of the activities carried out and implementing marketing policies.
An assessment of deforestation and forest degradation drivers in developing countries

Countries are encouraged to identify drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in the development of national strategies and action plans for REDDC. In this letter we provide an assessment of proximate drivers of deforestation and forest degradation by synthesizing empirical data reported by countries as part of their REDDC readiness activities, CIFOR country profiles, UNFCCC national communications and scientific literature. Based on deforestation rate and remaining forest cover 100 (sub)tropical non-Annex I countries were grouped into four forest transition phases. Driver data of 46 countries were summarized for each phase and by continent, and were used as a proxy to estimate drivers for the countries with missing data. The deforestation drivers are similar in Africa and Asia, while degradation drivers are more similar in Latin America and Asia. Commercial agriculture is the most important driver of deforestation, followed by subsistence agriculture. Timber extraction and logging drives most of the degradation, followed by fuelwood collection and charcoal production, uncontrolled fire and livestock grazing. The results reflect the most up to date and comprehensive overview of current national-level data availability on drivers, which is expected to improve over time within the frame of the UNFCCC REDDC process.
On catalyzed vacuum decay around a radiating black hole and the crisis of the electroweak vacuum

False vacuum decay is a key feature in quantum field theories and exhibits a distinct signature in the early Universe cosmology. It has recently been suggested that the false vacuum decay is catalyzed by a black hole (BH), which might cause the catastrophe of the Standard Model Higgs vacuum if primordial BHs are formed in the early Universe. We investigate vacuum phase transition of a scalar field around a radiating BH with taking into account the effect of Hawking radiation. We find that the vacuum decay rate slightly decreases in the presence of the thermal effect since the scalar potential is stabilized near the horizon. However, the stabilization effect becomes weak at the points sufficiently far from the horizon. Consequently, we find that the decay rate is not significantly changed unless the effective coupling constant of the scalar field to the radiation is extremely large. This implies that the change of the potential from the Hawking radiation does not help prevent the Standard Model Higgs vacuum decay catalyzed by a BH.