SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Duration-Based Water Rights Management with Optimal Water Intake On/Off Events

Water rights management modeling was considered the useful measure to ensure efficient water resources allocation and to avoid intensifying conflicts over water rights. Regarding to the two major patterns of water rights across the world, namely, quantitative water rights (QWR) and duration-based water rights (DWR), the corresponding measures are fastidious. Since QWR was established to set water entitlements instead of DWR in Heihe River Basin, China, the disability of usual DWR tool, managing water diversion by water intakes closing (WIC) during a certain period, has arisen increasingly. The historical data also reflected the low reliability of DWR in allocating water resources quantitatively without modeling guidelines. Aimed at the challenge, a modeling framework and a mixed integer optimization model (MIOM) combing QWR objectives and DWR tools were developed, by which the optimal schemes in Pareto frontier were found to improve the water intake on/off events, including WIC stages, duration days, and starting date through long term series probability analysis and historical data. Results showed that the reliability of DWR allocation was enhanced and WIC duration was reduced significantly compared with current regulation. Scenario analyses indicated that MIOM was powerful for assisting DWR tool to manage QWR and the proposed framework was able to manage water rights efficiently in comparable basins.
Problem-solving, learning through experimentation, and organizational tenure: a moderated mediation model of idea generation

S’appuyant sur la perspective de la conception du travail orientée vers la cognition, la présente étude visait à élaborer et à tester un modèle de médiation modérée lié à la résolution de problèmes. Dans ce modèle, l’apprentissage par l’expérimentation jouerait un rôle médiateur reliant la résolution de problèmes à la génération d’idées, et l’ancienneté organisationnelle jouerait un rôle modérateur sur la relation indirecte. Les résultats de l’étude menée auprès de 212 travailleurs d’une industrie manufacturière opérant dans le centre de l’Italie supportaient le modèle hypothétique. La résolution de problèmes était ainsi liée à la génération d’idées et l’apprentissage par l’expérimentation médiait bien cette relation de façon significative. De plus, l’ancienneté organisationnelle interagissait avec la résolution de problèmes, montrant une association plus forte pour les employés ayant une plus grande ancienneté. Cette recherche met en évidence le rôle de l’apprentissage en tant que mécanisme expliquant les effets des caractéristiques de l’emploi sur le développement de la créativité et de l’innovation, ainsi que le rôle de l’ancienneté en tant que facteur contextuel. Elle fournit également des informations sur les pratiques managériales à mettre en œuvre pour aménager les tâches afin de maximiser l’apprentissage informel et la génération d’idées des employés.
IMMUNOGENIC GLYCOPROTEIN CONJUGATES

The present invention relates generally to glycoconjugates comprising a saccharide covalently conjugated to a carrier protein through a spacer containing ((2-oxoethyl)thio)). In an aspect the invention provides oxo-eT linked glycoconjugates comprising a saccharide covalently conjugated to a carrier protein through a ((2-oxoethyl)thio) spacerhaving the formula (I): (I) wherein : A is a group (C=X)m wherein X is S or O and m is 0 or 1; B is a bond, O, or CH2;and when m is 0, B can also be (C=O); R is a C2-C16 alkylene, C2-C16 heteroakylene, NH-C(=O)-C2-C16 alkylene, or NH-C(=O)-C2-C16 heteroakylene, wherein said alkylene and heteroalkylene are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 groups independently selected from COOR' where R' is selected from H, methyl, ethyl or propyl. The invention further relates to immunogenic compositions comprising such glycoconjugates, and to methods for the preparation and use of such glycoconjugates and immunogenic compositions.
Solute transport in low-heterogeneity sandboxes: The role of correlation length and permeability variance

This work examines how heterogeneity structure, in particular correlation length, controls flow and solute transport. We used two-dimensional (2D) sandboxes (21.9 cm × 20.6 cm) and four modeling approaches, including 2D Advection-Dispersion Equation (ADE) with explicit heterogeneity structure, 1D ADE with average properties, and nonlocal Continuous Time Random Walk (CTRW) and fractional ADE (fADE). The goal is to answer two questions: (1) how and to what extent does correlation length control effective permeability and breakthrough curves (BTC)? (2) Which model can best reproduce data under what conditions? Sandboxes were packed with the same 20% (v/v) fine and 80% (v/v) coarse sands in three patterns that differ in correlation length. The Mixed cases contain uniformly distributed fine and coarse grains. The Four-zone and One-zone cases have four and one square fine zones, respectively. A total of seven experiments were carried out with permeability variance of 0.10 (LC), 0.22 (MC), and 0.43 (HC). Experimental data show that the BTC curves depend strongly on correlation length, especially in the HC cases. The HC One-zone (HCO) case shows distinct breakthrough steps arising from fast advection in the coarse zone, slow advection in the fine zone, and slow diffusion, while the LCO and MCO BTCs do not exhibit such behavior. With explicit representation of heterogeneity structure, 2D ADE reproduces BTCs well in all cases. CTRW reproduces temporal moments with smaller deviation from data than fADE in all cases except HCO, where fADE has the lowest deviation.
Mobile therapeutic attention for patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia

In European Union approximately 5 million people suffer from psychotic disorders. Between 30-50% can be considered resistant to treatment, and 10-20% ultra-resistant. These patients present persistent positive symptomatology, require extensive periods of hospital care, and have a greater risk of excess mortality and multi-morbidity. In addition, a high proportion of the total cost for treating schizophrenia is spent on this population (Kennedy et al., 2013).
Intervention strategies based on mHealth have demonstrated their ability to support and promote self-management-based strategies. Evidence from studies point to the importance of engaging patients actively in their own treatment. This active role helps to improve adherence to treatment, and to reduce persistent symptoms severity, relapses and hospitalizations (Mueser et al., 2002).
m-RESIST aims to develop an intervention programme based on mHealth to allow patients suffering from resistant schizophrenia to self-manage their condition (resistant schizophrenia and its associated comorbidities, e.g. somatic disorders and addictions). This may facilitate acceptance and involvement of patients with their own treatment, as well as of caregivers. Moreover this programme could provide a new tool to the psychiatrist, psychologists working together with other health care professionals, to better monitor patients, through a personalised and optimised therapeutic process.
m-resist will (1) develop and validate an mHealth solution aimed to reduce the severity of episodes and further complications; (2) involve and promote participation of patients and caregivers in the therapeutic process increasing the awareness of patient and caregiver about the nature of the illness and its consequences, benefits of treatment and needs for healthy habits and promoting an active and collaborative role with the medical team in the treatment decision-making procedure.
Application of an atmospheric gene flow model for assessing environmental risks from transgenic corn crops

Gene flow data from experiments under limited environmental conditions (e.g. wind speed and direction, atmospheric stability) have only provided limited information for gene flow risk management. It is necessary to apply models to predict the gene flow under a complete set of possible environmental conditions to inform farmers, seed companies, government agencies, and researchers about the risks and potential prevention and precaution methods. In this paper, the previous validated gene flow model developed by the authors was used to predict gene flow from genetically modified (GM) corn crops. The model was used to simulate potential gene flow from GM corn sources of different sizes from one plant area of 0.1 m 2 to an area 3.1×10 6 m 2 under normal weather conditions. In addition, the model was also used to predict the potential gene flow for different source strengths, atmospheric conditions, buffer heights, buffer field sizes, and pollen settling speeds from 10,000 m 2 sources. The model simulations have provided gene flow information for risk management under the above conditions and have shown that the source sizes, source strengths, buffer heights, buffer sizes, atmospheric conditions, and pollen settling speeds had important effects on gene flow. While the atmospheric conditions and pollen settling speeds cannot be controlled, choosing appropriate buffer heights and sizes will effectively prevent gene flow. The lost seed control is crucial to limit gene flow because even a GM corn plant can result in a grand total deposition flux of 646,272 grains/m 2 , an outcrossing ratio of 0.016, and outcrossed seed of 110 kernels/m 2 at 0.8 m from the plant in the non-target field under normal atmospheric
Fluorescent-Based innovative measure in thin liquid films: a way to understand stability and energy dissipation in foams and emulsions

Nobody knows why a soap bubble collapses. When the liquid film forming the bubble, stabilised by surfactants, becomes too thin, it collapses. This seemingly simple problem, ruled by the classical laws of fluid mechanics and of statistical physics, is still a challenge for the physicist. The rupture criteria based on a stability analysis in the vicinity of the film equilibrium state fail to reproduce the observations. However the film ruptures in a foam obey some simple phenomenological laws, which suggest that underlying fundamental laws exist and wait to be determined. The state-of-the-art conjecture is that ruptures are related to hydrodynamical processes in the films, a field in which I have now an international leadership. Recent experimental data I obtained open the possibility to address this question using a fully non-linear approach in the far from equilibrium regime. In this aim, DISFILM will develop an innovative technique to measure the interface velocity and surfactant concentration, based on the use of fluorescent surfactants. The risk relies in the adaptation to dynamical conditions of advanced optical techniques. These quantities have never been measured on flowing interfaces yet, and my technique will be an important breakthrough in the field of free interface flows in presence of surfactants. A set-up will be designed to reproduce on few thin films the deformations occurring in a foam sample. The dynamical path leading to the rupture of the film will be identified and modelled. The results obtained on an isolated film will be implemented to predict the 3D foam stability and the approach will be extended to emulsions. Foams and emulsions are widely used in industry and most of the stability issues have been solved. Nevertheless, most of the industrial formulations must currently be modified in order to use green surfactants. This adaptation will be extremely more efficient and possible with the results of DISFILM as a guideline.
Loss and permeability characterization of Fe-based nanocrystalline cores for pulsed power magnetic applications

Fe-based nanocrystalline cores are widely used in pulse transformers, magnetic switches, inductors, and filters in pulsed power. A test stand was developed to measure the energy losses and pulse permeability of toroidal Fe-based nanocrystalline cores. In this paper Fe-based nanocrystalline cores with high and low residual flux were tested and compared. The initial magnetizing curves and maximum hysteresis loops were obtained under a relatively constant magnetization rate of the order of 1–8 T/μs. The loss density and unsaturated permeability are calculated based on the experimental results. The loss density and permeability are fitted and compared with the published data in a similar parameter space. The presented results of Fe-based nanocrystalline cores can be aided in the practical magnetic designs of magnetic switches, pulse transformers, and inductors, but not restricted to those.
The influence of the lateral pharyngeal wall anatomy on snoring and sleep apnoea.

To elucidate the variations of the lateral pharyngeal wall anatomy on physical examination and to assess the clinical importance of the examination of the lateral pharyngeal wall on the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.The cross-sectional study was conducted at Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey, between May 2010 and April 2011. The patients were divided into four equal groups: Group 1--snoring without apnoea (age 20-40); Group 2--snoring without apnoea (age 40-60); Group 3--apnoea-hypopnoea index < 5/hr; Group 4: apnoea-hypopnoea index > 30/hr. Calibrated oropharynx pictures were taken. Distance between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches, height of palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches, uvula width, uvula length and distance between tonsils were measured. SPSS 17 was used for statistical analysis.Of the 80 patients in the study, 44 (55%) were men. Mean distance between palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arches were 1.55 ± 0.34 cm and 2.70 ± 0.43 cm respectively. Mean height of palatopharyngeal and palatoglossal arches were 0.60 ± 0.21 cm and 1.37 ± 0.36 cm respectively (p > 0.05). Mean uvula width and uvula length were 0.80 ± 0.12cm and 1.25 ± 0.27 cm respectively (p > 0.05). Mean distance between tonsils was 2.24 ± 0.56 cm (p > 0.05). Distance between palatopharyngeal arches was significantly different between groups 3 and 4 (p < 0.05).Palatopharyngeal arch anatomy was found to be significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome severity, especially in patients with normal or small tonsil size. Patients with the palatopharyngeal arches, which narrow the oropharyngeal inlet more than the tonsils, should further be investigated with polysomnography.
Web-based multi-dimensional education system for the simulated moving bed process

This paper describes the development of an operator-education program for a simulated moving bed (SMB) pilot plant that separates para-xylene isomer from mixed xylenes. The education program was motivated from reliable and safe operations for a newly developed SMB technology, in particular, a priori education on preventing accidents such as explosion, fire and toxic material release, most of which result from the lack of understanding of the processes being operated. This SMB process education program has overall SMB process description, sixteen operating screen and response procedure for accident of leak and explosion. The proposed system was implemented based on client/server architecture in company-wise LAN environment and applied previously operator heuristics. In addition, it features multi-dimensional animation for virtual reality of process flow, using multi-media techniques. Operators are expected to benefit from education that is free of time and space constraints. The education system for the pilot plant will contribute to keeping the full scale SMB operation workforce performing at a high level of proficiency as well as refreshing the operational skills of senior operators.
Huygens' box methodology for signal integrity analysis

A method for performing a signal integrity analysis on an integrated circuit (IC) that includes a plurality of scatterers by dividing the scatterers into subgroups using a nested Huygens' equivalence principle algorithm and solving a set of equations realized thereby with a reduced coupling matrix. The method includes decomposing the IC design into a plurality of small non-overlapping circuit sub-domains, wherein each of the sub-domains is formed as a small, enclosed region. Each sub-domain is analyzed independently of the other sub-domains using only electric fields to represent the interactions of each sub-domains with the other sub-domains as equivalent currents on equivalent surfaces of the plurality of sub-domains. Neighboring equivalent sub-domains are grouped together to form larger sub-domains using equivalent currents on equivalent surfaces to represent the interactions of the sub-domains. The steps of analyzing and grouping the sub-domains are repeated until the grouping approaches a box comprising the entire domain, and that the domain interactions between every sub-domain have been analyzed.
Why is business in some countries more hostile to social redistribution than in others?

Can differences in the attitudes and organization of business interests explain differences in the politics of social redistribution across countries? Since the 1970s, Europe and the United States have diverged in terms of how taxation and welfare policies ameliorate income inequality: In the United States, far-reaching policy changes have produced a substantial rise in income inequality, while income inequality in many European countries has increased to a much lesser extent. BUSWEL analyzes how the strategies and activities of business interest groups have contributed to these diverging outcomes. The project compares policy positions and strategies of business interest groups in five countries: Denmark, Sweden, Germany, Austria, and the United States. These five countries have been selected because of their different policies of redistribution and different levels of inequality. The project focuses on three policy issues that are assumed to have an effect on social redistribution: corporate tax cuts, payroll tax cuts and deregulation of employment protection. The project aims to document differences in policy positions of business interest groups in these fields across countries and to identify the impact of these differences on the differing trajectories of policy change across countries.

The project bridges theoretical perspectives from sociology, political science, and history. The insights gained from this project on the political goals and strategies of business interest groups will be useful for national and European policy-makers confronting demands by business representatives. The project will be carried out at the Center for Welfare State Research at the University of Southern Denmark, a major center for research and expertise on welfare state politics and political economy. (1554 characters)
Motivational and emotional salience effects on working memory

“An object of primary memory is not thus brought back; it never was lost; its date was never cut off in consciousness from that of the immediately present moment. In fact, it comes to us as belonging to the rearward portion of the present space of time, and not to the genuine past.” (James, 1890, p. 609).
Since William James’s seminal work on ‘primary’ memory, the notion that a short term memory store, now termed short term memory (STM) or working memory (WM) is a key part of human consciousness has become commonplace. This memory store is known to be subject to limitations in the amount and quality of information it can represent at any time, but is a crucial part of the cognitive toolkit humans use to navigate the physical and social world. Given these capacity limitations, there is a clear evolutionary imperative for efficient selection into and retention within WM of items of high utility over those of less importance to survival.
Here, in a series of 9 behavioural and eye tracking experiments I investigate the cognitive mechanisms that serve to prioritise items of importance in WM, and the constraints and concomitant trade-offs that bound such processes. In particular, I focus on cognitive mechanisms by which ‘boosting’ of memory traces of motivationally important visual stimuli may be achieved, what factors cause stimuli to be treated as ‘motivationally salient’ in WM, and whether when one item gets ‘special treatment’ in WM this has impact on representation of other co-present stimuli. Experiments 1 through 5 investigate these phenomena with regard to faces bearing emotional expressions. Experiments 6 through 8 investigate whether learnt reward and punishment associations of faces affect
their treatment in WM. Experiment 9 investigates whether motivational state per se can facilitate visual WM processes.
While motivationally salient stimuli have long been known to produce shifts in selective attention (and indeed attention has been termed the ‘gatekeeper’ of WM), herein I provide evidence that selective attention is but one of the mechanisms by which stimuli of importance are accorded especially robust WM representations.
High-pressure phase behaviour of poly(d-lactic acid), trichloromethane, and carbon dioxide ternary mixture systems

In this study, the phase behavior of a poly(l-lactic acid) (M = 312 000, polydispersity 2.189)–trichloromethane–carbon dioxide ternary system was measured using a variable volume view cell at pressures up to 34.0 MPa and temperatures between (313.15 K and 363.15) K at an interval of 10 K. Bubble and cloud point pressures were determined as functions of the trichlomethane-to-carbon dioxide ratio, concentration of poly(l-lactic acid) (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 wt %), and temperature. The hybrid equation of state for the supercritical CO2-polymer system combined with the van der Waals one-fluid mixing rule was used for correlation of the experimental results. The three binary parameters of this system were optimized by the simplex method algorithm.
Mechanical Engineering Devices in the America Colonization

Due to the scientific gap between America and Europe at the XVI century, the first Europeans’ settlements in the new world had to face different technological issues. Besides to expose the scientific and technological situation, this paper shows two singular mechanical wits representative of the technical advances introduced in America to overcome different problems. Firstly, a pump based on an alternative movement system through crankshafts and pistons used against the continuous flooding suffered in the Ciudad de México valley. Although this system did not solve the problem (it was solved in the XIX century), it was essential to the continuous depletion of water. Secondly, a port crane that due to its capabilities to handle cannons, military devices and constructive materials, was useful during Lima fortification in the XVII century.