SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Golf ball dispensing and retrieving system

A combination golf ball retriever and dispenser comprises a shag bag and two tubes. The first tube is a conventional golf ball retrieving tube which may be screwed into a collar at the base of the bag. Golf balls retrieved through the tube may be stored in the bag by inverting the retrieving tube. Stored golf balls may be dispensed by removing the retrieving tube and screwing into its place a dispensing tube on an extending collar which surrounds a hole at the bottom of the bag. A selective dispenser is secured to the end of the second leg and comprises a pivotally mounted spring loaded bar having two prongs. A pivotally secured lever arm may press down on the arm thereby compressing the spring and moving one prong out of the interior of the second leg and the second prong through the slot and into the interior of the second leg.
SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTING SYSTEMS AND METHODS

An energy collecting module (100) for assembling, together with a plurality of similar energy collecting module (100), a modular energy collecting system. The energy collecting module (100) comprises a fluid channel (101) having a lumen for conducting fluid from a first connectable opening to a second connectable opening and an energy collecting element (104) mounted in front of the fluid channel (101) for concentrating radiation along the fluid channel (101).
Impact of the Provision of Safe Drinking Water on School Absence Rates in Cambodia: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Education is one of the most important drivers for helping people in developing countries lift themselves out of poverty. However, even when schooling is available absenteeism rates can be high. Recently, focus is being given on whether or not WASH interventions can help reduce absenteeism in developing countries. However, none has focused exclusively on the role of drinking water provision. We report a study on the association between absenteeism and provision of treated water in containers maintained in schools.We undertook a quasi-experimental longitudinal study of absenteeism rates in 8 schools, 4 of which received one 20 l container of treated drinking water per day. The water had been treated by filtration and ultraviolet disinfection. Weekly absenteeism rates were compared across all schools using the negative binomial model in generalized estimating equations. There was a strong association between the provision of free water and reduced absenteeism (Incidence rate ratio = 0.39 (95% confidence intervals 0.27-0.56)). However, there was also a strong association with season (wet versus dry) and a significant interaction between receiving free water and season. In one of the intervention schools, it was discovered that the water supplier was not fulfilling his contract and was not delivering sufficient water each week. In this school, we showed a significant association between the number of water containers delivered each week and absenteeism (IRR = 0.98 95% CI 0.96-1.00).There appears to be a strong association between providing free and safe drinking water and reduced absenteeism, although only in the dry season. The mechanism for this association is not clear but may be in part due to improved hydration leading to improved school experience for the children.
Advanced direct biogas fuel processor for robust and cost-effective decentralised hydrogen production

BioROBURplus builds upon the closing FCH JU BioROBUR project (direct biogas oxidative steam reformer) to develop an entire pre-commercial fuel processor delivering 50 Nm3/h (i.e. 107 kg/d) of 99.9% hydrogen from different biogas types (landfill gas, anaerobic digestion of organic wastes, anaerobic digestion of wastewater-treatment sludges) in a cost-effective manner.
The energy efficiency of biogas conversion into H2 will exceed 80% on a HHV basis, due to the following main innovations:
1) increased internal heat recovery enabling minimisation of air feed to the reformer based on structured cellular ceramics
coated with stable and easily recyclable noble metal catalysts with enhanced coking resistance; 2) a tailored pressure-temperature-swing adsorption (PTSA) capable of exploiting both pressure and low T heat recovery from the processor to
drive H2 separation from CO2 and N2; 3) a recuperative burner based on cellular ceramics capable of exploiting the low
enthalpy PTSA-off-gas to provide the heat needed at points 1 and 2 above. 
The complementary innovations already developed in BioROBUR (advanced modulating air-steam feed control system for coke growth control; catalytic trap hosting WGS functionality and allowing decomposition of incomplete reforming products; etc.) will allow to fully achieve the project objectives within the stringent budget and time constraints set by the call.
Prof. Debora Fino, the coordinator of the former BioROBUR project, will manage, in an industrially-oriented perspective, the work of 11 partners with complementary expertise: 3 universities (POLITO, KIT, SUPSI), 3 research centres (IRCE, CPERI, DBI), 3 SMEs (ENGICER, HST, MET) and 2 large companies (ACEA, JM) from 7 different European Countries.
A final test campaign is foreseen at TRL 6 to prove targets achievement, catching the unique opportunity offered by ACEA to
exploit three different biogas types and heat integration with an anaerobic digester generating the biogas itself.
Agent-Based modelling to assess the quality and bias of the archaeological record

Archaeological data is often biased and incomplete. This is a well-known issue for most archaeologists. Although studies of specific sites and small regions can have this into account, the effect of this problem increases exponentially as archaeologists try to expand their chronological and geographic frame, and try to answer questions related to general dynamics and broad human processes, such as the European Neolithisation. Moreover, the increase of archaeological activity in the past years, along with the heterogeneity of archaeological methods and the accumulation of legacy datasets, often collected with specific purposes, adds great difficulty to a detailed analysis of the interrelation of similar processes through different geographic regions. In this regard, synthetic and computational archaeology, because they usually rely on large datasets and focus their research in broad-frame dynamics, are particularly sensitive to this kind of problems.   ArchBiMod will address this issue to improve archaeological inference and interpretation of wide-range dynamics. This project will perform a comprehensive Agent-Based simulation, which will have into account different aspects related to how biases in the archaeological record affect hypothesis building. It will do so in two stages. First, it will assess common issues, such as record formation, record loss or differential research, and then it will add to those common factors specific research topics related the demography of the European Neolithisation. By doing this, ArchBiMod will build a modular open and easy-to-use model which can then be used by other archaeologists to assess their own problems, and enlarged with different research topics through collaboration.    Ultimately, ArchBiMod will bring a significant contribution in two ways: by providing a thorough and comprehensive analysis of archaeological bias factors and by creating an open and useful tool which will improve how archaeologists understand the past.
k-NN Based Classification of Brain MRI Images using DWT and PCA to Detect Different Types of Brain Tumour

The treatment of any tumour is completely depended what type it is. This paper proposes a set of algorithms which work for the better detection and classification of brain tumour. The MRI image based brain tumour analysis would efficiently deal with classification process for brain tumour analysis. The proposal suggests using three stages namely feature extraction, feature reduction and classification. The discrete wavelet transformation methods (DWT) and principal component analysis (PCA) are used for feature extraction and feature reduction respectively. The k-Nearest Neighbours (k-NN) classifier is used for the classification of the tumour and to tell what type the tumour is Benign or Malignant. By using different methods for feature extraction, feature reduction and classification techniques to extract and calculate the average values of the features of the MRI image and to match the values to the values extracted from the set of input image and classify them to be benign or malignant.
Study Reanalysis Using a Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of Pramlintide in Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes

This report describes a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for pramlintide, an amylinomimetic, in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Plasma glucose and drug concentrations were obtained following bolus and 2-h intravenous infusions of pramlintide at three dose levels or placebo in 25 T1DM subjects during the postprandial period in a crossover study. The original clinical data were reanalyzed by mechanism-based population modeling. Pramlintide pharmacokinetics followed a two-compartment model with zero-order infusion and first-order elimination. Pramlintide lowered overall postprandial plasma glucose AUC (AUC(net)) and delayed the time to peak plasma glucose after a meal (T (max)). The delay in glucose T (max) and reduction of AUC(net) indicate that overall plasma glucose concentrations might be affected by differing mechanisms of action of pramlintide. The observed increase in glucose T (max) following pramlintide treatment was independent of dose within the studied dose range and was adequately described by a dose-independent, maximum pramlintide effect on gastric emptying of glucose in the model. The inhibition of endogenous glucose production by pramlintide was described using a sigmoidal function with capacity and sensitivity parameter estimates of 0.995 for I (max) and 23.8 pmol/L for IC(50). The parameter estimates are in good agreement with literature values and the IC(50) is well within the range of postprandial plasma amylin concentrations in healthy humans, indicating physiological relevance of the pramlintide effect on glucagon secretion in the postprandial state. This model may prove to be useful in future clinical studies of other amylinomimetics or antidiabetic drugs with similar mechanisms of action.
Charge Neutralization Mechanism Efficiency in Water with High Color Turbidity Ratio Using Aluminium Sulfate and Flocculation Index

Most of the water supplied in Brazil comes from water streams that may have higher values for apparent color than turbidity. Treatability trials were performed for color and turbidity removal to evaluate the advantages of coagulation during the charge neutralization mechanism when compared to sweep flocculation for water with those characteristics. There were three types of trials: conventional Jar Test with raw water, with and without filtration, and in a pilot Water Treatment Plant, direct downward filtration, with synthetic water. Auxiliary equipment such as Continuous Flocculation Monitoring Equipment (CFME) and image analysis were used to evaluate the growth of flocs. In the Jar Tests experiments, similar levels of color (61.49%) and turbidity (61.30%) removal were observed, with a lower dosage of coagulant (46 mg/L) in the charge neutralization mechanism compared to the ones with sweep flocculation (58.22% for color and 54.73% for turbidity removal with 52 mg/L of aluminium sulfate). Similar results were found on pilot plant. At filtration rates of 180 and 300 m3 m−2 day−1, sweep flocculation mechanism had shorter filtration cycle (&lt;5 m3) compared to other mechanisms. Therefore, a change in the operation of Water Treatment plants that use a coagulant dosage associated with sweep flocculation can bring advantages such as the reduction of coagulant consumption and sludge productions, as well as the increase of chlorine disinfection and filtration cycles.
AQUEOUS SILICONE DEFOAMING AGENT

A composition comprising an aqueous emulsion of the following components: a) one or more silicone fluids; b) one or more silicone containing surface active agents; c) one or more non-silicone containing surface active agents; and d) a solid particulate material which is rendered hydrophobic in said one or more silicone fluids; wherein said composition does not contain any hydrocarbons is provided.
Direct remote c-h functionalization in piperidine derivatives

The transition metal-catalyzed direct functionalization of C-H bonds is a major research topic across the world. However selective (regio-, enantio-, diastereoselective) and efficient functionalization of C(sp3)-H bonds, remains a significant challenge: C(sp3)-H bonds are omnipresent in organic molecules and their dissociation energies are large. The use of directing groups (DGs) “guiding” the metal to specific C-H bonds and allowing intramolecular C-H bond activation, is a recognized general approach to address the selectivity challenge. However, their installation and removal add steps to the overall reaction sequence. This proposal aims to develop unprecedented regio- and diastereoselective transition metal-catalyzed functionalization of piperidine derivatives with haloalkenes making use of transient DGs, installed and removed in situ during catalysis. Access to a large number of substituted piperidines as well as known and new bicyclic scaffolds can be achieved via post-functionalization of the vinylpiperidine reaction products, making the aimed synthetic methodology potentially suitable for molecular library synthesis in drug discovery. A particularly challenging objective of the proposal is the remote (meta) functionalization with respect to the DG at C3 of the piperidine ring. Piperidine is chosen as a central heterocycle core in this application based on its importance in drug design and wide occurrence in commercial drugs (privileged scaffold).
A Tragedy of the<i>Nomenklatura</i>? Career incentives, political loyalty and political radicalism during China's Great Leap Forward

We review James Kung and Shuo Chen's study, published in the American Political Science Review, on the causes of China's Great Leap Famine (1959–1961). Kung and Chen explain the variations in provincial leaders' radicalism on the basis of the career incentives facing the provincial First Secretaries. In this article, we question the validity of their basic assumptions and also uncover serious issues with the Kung and Chen dataset. We conclude that their empirical findings were based on faulty foundations. Our alternative hypothesis instead explains the dynamics of political radicalism during the Great Leap Forward in terms of the provincial leaders' political loyalty to Mao. Our findings point to the significance of political networks in influencing the behavior of elites and, by extension, political and socio-economic outcomes.
European paths to transnational solidarity at times of crisis: conditions, forms, role-models and policy responses

TransSOL is committed to the systematic, interdisciplinary and praxis-oriented analysis of European solidarity in times of crisis. It has three overarching objectives: (a) it will map and analyse solidarity in Europe by means of a cross-national database that comprises three surveys addressing the general population, organized civil society, and claims-making in the media; (b) it will gather systematic data on the contextual factors and engage into political and legal analyses to ascertain the influence of the socio-economic, political, and legal context on solidarity, in particular the impact of the crisis, the EU’s political responses and target-groups specific public policies; and (c) it will identify and develop best practices of transnational solidarity, draft evidence-based policy recommendations, and engage proactive dissemination and communication activities. The project comprises teams from Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and the UK, including scientists from various disciplines and civil society practitioners, thus promising to deliver interdisciplinary and comparative analyses, knowledge-transfer and evidence-based, practicable recommendations. 
The project will enable us to address the three topics of the call. First, TransSOL will provide the first rigorous and comprehensive analysis of transnational solidarity in Europe, its main forms, conditioning factors (e.g., individual features as gender and social class, spatial inequalities, and contextual factors), and underlying conflicts about contending norms, identities, and interests. Secondly, the project will address the impact of Europe’s cultural diversity and multiple identities on European solidarity by analysing public claims-making and debates within the media. And finally, we engage into a critical reflection about adequate policy responses, in particular about the potentials of social investments balancing civic virtues of solidarity with public responsibilities.
EXTRUDED STRIP

The invention relates to an extruded strip (1), in particular for sealing a refrigerator or freezer door (T), having a polymer sealing strip (2) and a plastics-based magnetic strip (3) securely connected to, preferably co-extruded with, said polymer sealing strip (2), wherein permanently magnetic nanoparticles (8) are embedded in the plastics matrix (4) of the magnetic strip (3) which make it possible for the extruded strip (1) to adhere to a metallic surface (G).
ARTICLE OF FOOTWEAR INCORPORATING A KNITTED COMPONENT

An article of footwear has an upper and a sole structure secured to the upper. The upper includes a knitted component and, in some configurations, a skin layer secured to the knitted component. The knitted component may have a plurality of protruding areas that extend outward and away from a void within the upper for receiving a foot of a wearer. The protruding areas may include one or both of (a) a first tubular structure and an inlaid strand extending through the first tubular structure and (b) a second tubular structure and yarn sections extending across the second tubular structure.
ROADWAY ON BRIDGES COMPRISING A CONCRETE BRIDGE-SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

Disclosed is a roadway structure on bridges comprising a concrete bridge-supporting structure (1). The surface of the roadway structure is provided with an elastic plastic seal (2). An adhesive layer (3) is applied to the plastic seal (2), and a concrete roadway (4) is applied to the adhesive layer (3), thus forming a permanent bond between the bridge-supporting structure (1), the plastic seal (2), the adhesive layer (3), and the concrete roadway (4).
Sostenibilidad de los cultivos subtropicales: claves para el manejo del suelo, el uso agrícola y la Ordenación del Territorio

El manejo del suelo es un tema clave para la correcta conservación del territorio, que permite contribuir al cuidado del medioambiente y garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. Su gestión poco sostenible, debido al uso de herbicidas, el laboreo o la intensificación de las plantaciones, dificulta la compleción de dichas metas. En la costa meridional de la Península Ibérica, en las provincias de Málaga, Granada y Almería, la sustitución de especies tradicionales (olivar, vid y almendro) por cultivos subtropicales está generando una desestabilización del suelo poco estudiada. El objetivo de esta investigación es el estudio exhaustivo de las condiciones del suelo utilizando perfiles y descripciones edáficas junto con análisis de suelo. El área de estudio es una parcela experimental en el Valle del Guadalhorce (Málaga) con cultivos de aguacate, mango y mandarinos. Los resultados muestran la degradación del perfil del suelo en todos sus horizontes y la pérdida de propiedades como consecuencia de un modelo de gestión poco sostenible. Esto repercute en la calidad de la producción y en la productividad. Son necesarias medidas de control de la degradación, no solo a nivel parcelario, si no a nivel regional para que dicho problema no se traslade a una mayor escala en el territorio.
Treating Objects like Women: The Impact of Terror Management and Objectification on the Perception of Women’s Faces

There is a modern trend whereby women’s beauty and attractiveness tends towards the artificial, which appears to be an extreme manifestation of objectification culture. Research suggests that sexual objectification has the ability to alter the way we perceive women. Objectification occurs, in part, because women’s bodies pose a unique existential threat, and objectifying women is believed to mitigate concerns about mortality because it transforms women into something inanimate and thus less mortal. We therefore hypothesized that priming death concerns should impact object-person recognition of women. In the present study we recruited 177 undergraduate students from a U.S. Midwestern university to participate in exchange for course credit. We utilized face-morphing techniques to create a series of images representing a continuum of artificial-to-real faces, and after being exposed to a death reminder (as opposed to a pain reminder comparison condition), we asked participants to rate the extent to which the image appeared artificial. Results suggested that death awareness biases people towards reporting artificial female (but not male) faces as real. Existential concerns about death have an impact on perceptual assessments of women, specifically women who have been turned into literal objects. Future research directions, limitations of the current study, and implications for improving women’s health and well-being with this added knowledge about objectification are discussed.
Method of manufacturing a micro heatsink by an additive process

A method of producing a complex product includes designing a three dimensional preform of the complex product, creating a three dimensional preform of the complex product using the model, depositing a material on the preform, and removing the preform to complete the complex product. In one embodiment the system provides a complex heat sink that can be used in heat dissipation in power electronics, light emitting diodes, and microchips.
Automotive coolant control valve

A flow control valve for selectively routing a coolant in a dual-zone heater system is provided. The flow control valve includes a housing and a flow control device. The housing includes an inlet port, a bypass outlet, a front heater outlet, and a rear heater outlet communicating through an internal cavity. The flow control device, which can be a cylinder, sphere, etc., is rotatably positioned in the internal cavity. The flow control device has an axial channel and generally radial aperture. The axial channel transports the coolant received from the inlet port through the flow control device, and the aperture delivers the coolant to one or more of the bypass outlet, the front heater outlet, and the rear heater outlet as the flow control device is rotated. In this way the circuit is not deadheaded.