SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Coal spontaneous combustion prediction in gob using chaos analysis on gas indicators from upper tunnel

While gas sampling through upper tunnel is available right now, only little research has been reported for the prediction of coal spontaneous combustion in working face gob by analyzing drained gas in upper tunnel.

This study investigated the characteristic of air leakage of 401 working face gob in Tianchi mine under stereo gas extraction condition. The air that flows to the deep gob and is then drained to upper tunnel makes the prediction of coal spontaneous combustion in gob possible. Sample collector was employed to collect gas samples in the drainage pipeline plugged in upper tunnel and gas chromatograph was applied to analyze the indicator gases. A total of 195 gas samples were gathered including 44 groups that containing CO, O2 and O2/N2 fluctuated in a small range and dropped dramatically when the oxidation of coal in gob was accelerated, while N2 and the depletion ratio of O2 obeyed the reverse rule.

R/S analysis (Rescaled Range Analysis) was used to investigate the fractal characteristic of different gas indicator time series. The Hurst indexes of different gas indicator time series follow the same rule that they would gradually become stable with the accumulating data and could deviate their chaos characteristic when CO was detected, which means the oxidation stage of coal in gob was accelerated. Changes of Hurst indexes and fractal dimensions controlled by effective delay time was researched. The fractal dimension (or Hurst index) of O2, N2, O2/N2 and depletion ratio of O2 from upper tunnel can be equally applied to indicate the combustion condition of residual coal in gob.

Taken 70 days as the effective delay time, the risk of coal spontaneous combustion in 401 working face gob were divided into two stages: low-temperature oxidation stage (Hurst index >0.8776 or fractal dimension <1.2224) and dangerous stage of coal spontaneous combustion (Hurst index ≤0.8776 or fractal dimension ≥1.2224). The chaos characteristic analysis of gas index series in upper tunnel provides a novel and effective method to predict the risk of coal spontaneous combustion in working face gob.
The correlation timescale of the X-ray flux during the outbursts of soft X-ray transients

Recent studies of black hole and neutron star low mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) show a positive correlation between the X-ray flux at which the low/hard(LH)-to-high/soft(HS) state transition occurs and the peak flux of the following HS state. By analyzing the data from the All Sky Monitor (ASM) onboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we show that the HS state flux after the source reaches its HS flux peak still correlates with the transition flux during soft X-ray transient (SXT) outbursts. By studying large outbursts or flares of GX 339-4, Aql X-1 and 4U 1705-44, we have found that the correlation holds up to 250, 40, and 50 d after the LH-to-HS state transition, respectively. These time scales correspond to the viscous time scale in a standard accretion disk around a stellar mass black hole or a neutron star at a radius of ~104-5 Rg, indicating that the mass accretion rates in the accretion flow either correlate over a large range of radii at a given time or correlate over a long period of time at a given radius. If the accretion geometry is a two-flow geometry composed of a sub-Keplerian inflow or outflow and a disk flow in the LH state, the disk flow with a radius up to ~105 Rg would have contributed to the nearly instantaneous non-thermal radiation directly or indirectly, and therefore affects the time when the state transition occurs.
The Weaker Sex? The Propensity for Male-Biased Piglet Mortality

For the most part solutions to farm animal welfare issues, such as piglet mortality, are likely to lie within the scientific disciplines of environmental design and genetic selection, however understanding the ecological basis of some of the complex dynamics observed between parent and offspring could make a valuable contribution. One interesting, and often discussed, aspect of mortality is the propensity for it to be sex-biased. This study investigated whether known physiological and behavioural indicators of piglet survival differed between the sexes and whether life history strategies (often reported in wild or feral populations) relating to parental investment were being displayed in a domestic population of pigs. Sex ratio (proportion of males (males/males+females)) at birth was 0.54 and sex allocation (maternal investment measured as piglet birth weight/litter weight) was statistically significantly male-biased at 0.55 (t(35) = 2.51 P = 0.017), suggesting that sows invested more in sons than daughters during gestation. Despite this investment in birth weight, a known survival indicator, total pre-weaning male mortality was statistically significantly higher than female mortality (12% vs. 7% respectively z = 2.06 P = 0.040). Males tended to suffer from crushing by the sow more than females and statistically significantly more males died from disease-related causes. Although males were born on average heavier, with higher body mass index and ponderal index, these differences were not sustained. In addition male piglets showed impaired thermoregulation compared to females. These results suggest male-biased mortality exists despite greater initial maternal investment, and therefore reflects the greater susceptibility of this sex to causal mortality factors. Life history strategies are being displayed by a domestic population of pigs with sows in this study displaying a form of parental optimism by allocating greater resources at birth to males and providing an over-supply of this more vulnerable sex in expectation of sex-biased mortality.
Irradiation of 4″×4″ NaI(Tl) detector by the 14MeV neutrons

Within the EURopean Illicit TRAfficking Countermeasures Kit (EURITRACK) project, a new Tagged Neutron Inspection System (TNIS) has been developed and installed in the Port of Rijeka in Croatia. The system was based on the examination of sea containers with the 14 MeV neutron beam. During the operation the characteristic gamma rays were produced and measured by several 5''x5''x10'' NaI(Tl) detectors. During this procedure some of the detectors were exposed to an intensive neutron beam radiation. It was necessary to check for possible radiation damage of the NaI(Tl) scintillator during the gamma detector selection phase of the project. The 4''x4'' NaI(Tl) detector was exposed to 14 MeV neutrons for 20 h. From the presented results on energy resolution and activation measurements it could be concluded that there are no significant differences in energy resolution before and after the irradiation by 4.7x10(11) of 14 MeV neutrons. The only problem could be the high level of medium and long term induced activity in the energy region below 2 MeV.
Death, the Great Equalizer: Memorializing Martyred (Shahid) Women in the Islamic Republic of Iran

In the Islamic Republic of Iran the Bonyad-e Shahid (Martyrs Foundation) has recently added a new wing to its Museum of Martyrs. That addition is dedicated solely to female martyrs, to honor the “fallen ones.” The decision to build a women's section at the Museum of Martyrs reflects the Islamic Republic's new intention to project public images of modernization and gender equality. This article explores the concept of martyrs in Shiite tradition, and more specifically the newly emerging phenomenon of the female martyr. Here an effort will be made to understand the diverse meanings and uses of the word shahid (martyr), not only by the Iranian government but also in the daily lives and popular religious practices of the Iranian people. The discussion will also address the importance of images and personal objects housed in the museum.
On the light massive flavor dependence of the large order asymptotic behavior and the ambiguity of the pole mass

We provide a systematic renormalization group formalism for the mass effects in the relation of the pole mass $m_Q^{\rm pole}$ and short-distance masses such as the $\overline{\rm MS}$ mass $\overline{m}_Q$ of a heavy quark $Q$, coming from virtual loop insertions of massive quarks lighter than $Q$. The formalism reflects the constraints from heavy quark symmetry and entails a combined matching and evolution procedure that allows to disentangle and successively integrate out the corrections coming from the lighter massive quarks and the momentum regions between them and to precisely control the large order asymptotic behavior. With the formalism we systematically sum logarithms of ratios of the lighter quark masses and $m_Q$, relate the QCD corrections for different external heavy quarks to each other, predict the ${\cal O}(\alpha_s^4)$ virtual quark mass corrections in the pole-$\overline{\rm MS}$ mass relation, calculate the pole mass differences for the top, bottom and charm quarks with a precision of around $20$ MeV and analyze the decoupling of the lighter massive quark flavors at large orders. The summation of logarithms is most relevant for the top quark pole mass $m_t^{\rm pole}$, where the hierarchy to the bottom and charm quarks is large. We determine the ambiguity of the pole mass for top, bottom and charm quarks in different scenarios with massive or massless bottom and charm quarks in a way consistent with heavy quark symmetry, and we find that it is $250$ MeV. The ambiguity is larger than current projections for the precision of top quark mass measurements in the high-luminosity phase of the LHC.
Oleophobic elastomeric gaskets made through known biomimetic micro-nano surface textures used for automotive seals in contact with oil or fuels

The project SEALTEX aims at uptake by PLANET of the most recent technological improvements on micro-/nano-machining technologies to manufacture the first ground-breaking micro-patterned chemicals-free super-oleophobic gasket. SEALTEX is micro-patterned on their surfaces in order to achieve super-oleophobicity without using any kind of chemical coatings for several industrial applications (automotive engines among the others) waiting to use high-performing micro-patterned gaskets and seals resistant to oils and fuels, since they are currently strongly detrimental and injurious for their durability due to wear resistance issues (DWRI). Due to durability and wear resistance issues (DWRI) of gaskets and seals, which systematically occur during use, they become a severe and risky problem in different parts of vehicles (engine, chassis and car interiors) increasing breakages and malfunctions rates, and also potentially causing incidents and dangerous unsafe situations for drivers.
GASTEX project meets the objectives of the SMEInst-02 topic: the harvesting in the automotive field of the hitherto untapped potential of cutting edge micro/nano manufacturing technologies by means of an innovative super-oleophobic gasket which has a potential for a wider deployment in very short time. First of all, there is no elastomeric gasket currently on the market able to efficiently prevent deterioration of both durability and shape due to swelling. Secondly, the prototype will be enhanced and validated by means of technical trials in real conditions in the Companies forming our European collaborators network. The feasibility study will also be used to submit a Phase 2 proposal in order to bring our technology from lab to market and thus, guaranteeing a wide market deployment. We believe that there is an unmet need in that field, and the final product will contribute to enhance performances of gaskets improving life of vehicles and reducing the related maintenance costs.
Comparing the Performance of a Matched Filter and Majority Voting to Cope with Harsh Electromagnetic Disturbances

This paper compares the effectiveness of two techniques that can be implemented at the receiver side in digital communication channels to cope with harsh EMI. The techniques are applying majority voting or a matched filter to the same oversampled values of the receiving encoded bit stream. After applying one of both techniques, the determined bits are compared with the bits that were originally sent and a bit-error-rate is calculated. The filter or voter gain, which is the difference in signal-to-noise ratio required to achieve the same bit-error-rate, is used as metric to quantify the performance of both techniques. The numerical results show that using a matched filter results in a higher gain than using any majority voting technique. However, using the majority voting technique allows the receiving end to have an idea if something went wrong, allowing the system to perform a safety procedure.
The effect of platinum on the performance of WO3 nanocrystal photocatalysts for the oxidation of Methyl Orange and iso-propanol

BACKGROUND: This research investigated the effect of platinum (Pt) on the reactivity of tungsten oxide (WO3) for the visible light photocatalytic oxidation of dyes.



RESULTS: Nanocrystalline tungsten oxide (WO3) photocatalysts were synthesised by a sol-gel process and employed for the photocatalytic degradation of Methyl Orange under visible light. For comparison commercial bulk WO3 materials were also studied for the same reaction. These materials were fully characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible diffuse reflection spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic oxidation of iso-propanol was used as a model reaction to follow the concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen. No reactions occured in the absence of platinum, which is an essential co-catalyst for the multi-electron reduction of oxygen. The platinised WO3 catalysts were stable for multiple oxidation–reduction cycles. The results from the catalytic activity measurements showed that platinised nanocrystalline WO3 is a superior oxidation photocatalyst when compared with bulk WO3. Methyl Orange was completely decolourised in 4 h.



CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced performance of nanocrystalline Pt-WO3 is attributed to improved charge separation in the nanosized photocatalyst. Platinum is an essential co-catalyst to reduce oxygen. This photocatalyst could be applied to the treatment of organic pollutants in wastewater, with the advantage of using visible light compared with the widely studied TiO2, which requires UV light. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Interface and Composition Analysis on Perovskite Solar Cells

Organometal halide (hybrid) perovskite solar cells have been fabricated following four different deposition procedures and investigated in order to find correlations between the solar cell characteristics/performance and their structure and composition as determined by combining depth-resolved imaging with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The interface quality is found to be strongly affected by the perovskite deposition procedure, and in particular from the environment where the conversion of the starting precursors into the final perovskite is performed (air, nitrogen, or vacuum). The conversion efficiency of the precursors into the hybrid perovskite layer is compared between the different solar cells by looking at the ToF-SIMS intensities of the characteristic molecular fragments from the perovskite and the precursor materials. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in the STEM confirms the macroscopic ToF-SIMS findings and allows elemental mapping with nanometer resolution. Clear evidence for iodine diffusion has been observed and related to the fabrication procedure.
European network for pilot production facilities and innovation hubs

The 2014/15 calls for proposals for pilot action projects resulted in 24 projects with total funding of 115 M€, and another 80 M€ are being invested under the 2016/17 work-programme. These pilot facilities respond rapidly and with simple contracting mechanisms to industry needs which is essential for SMEs and start-ups. Pilot facilities can potentially help create new business, jobs and growth across Europe. This potential can only be fully exploited if the actions started by the European Commission under H2020 are followed-up by complementary initiatives at national/regional level, to promote coordination mechanisms among these pilot facilities.
One of the recommendations developed by a task-force composed by a group external experts (mandated by the European Commission) are the implementation of regional innovation hubs that should coordinate efforts, share good practices, facilitate access and promote business development of existing pilot lines across regions and member states.
The overall project goal of the coordinated and support action proposal is to boost the European competitiveness through the exploitation of the existing European pilot line production facilities (across Europe) in the area of nanotechnology and advanced material technologies by creating a network of fully connected and collaborating pilot lines and boost the effectiveness and the efficiency of existing (and future) pilot line facilities and by creating a digital ecosystem acting as an interactive marketplace for professional members. The action will ensure the delivery of a series of horizontal coordination and support action services to the (European level) network of pilot line facilities and will set the scene for the establishment of innovation hubs across the Member States and/or regions.
A PAPER SUBSTRATE COMPRISING MODIFIED LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT PVA WITH FUNCTIONAL VINYL GROUPS

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a paper substrate suitable for binding silicone in a catalytic hydrosilation reaction and products thereof, wherein the molecular weight of polyvinyl alcohol is used to control the viscosity of the water-based acetalization reaction, such that a paper substrate may be coated with acetalized polyvinyl alcohol that contains high amount of functional vinyl groups, wherein the functional vinyl groups are part of catenated carbon structures which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and which have an acetal connectivity with the backbone chain of the acetalized polyvinyl alcohol.
An assessment of project based learning (PBL) environment based on the perceptions of students: a short course case study on circuit design for VLSI

Project based learning has drawn attention as a considerably popular approach especially in engineering education. According to manyresearchers and academics, it gives profoundly beneficial results for engineering education as a result of the features it incorporates.Success of any application is closely related with how the application is perceived. This study assesses a Project Based Learning (PBL)environment designed as a short course based on student perceptions. The study was dealt with as a qualitative research methodologyand designed as a case study. Data gathered as a result of the study was dissolved with descriptive analysis. As a result of the study itwas determined that students believe that this approach has provided benefits for them in the issues of bringing in responsibility,increasing their motivation, learning deeply, learning by doing (experiencing), applying theoretical knowledge in practice, improvingtheir problem solving skills, seeing real-world problems, being informed about their own learning styles, improving the feeling of self-confidence, performing time and project management effectively.
A study on an investigation procedure of digital forensics for VMware Workstation's virtual machine and a method for a corrupted image recovery

Virtualization is a technology that uses a logical environment to overcome physical limitations in hardware. As a part of cost savings and green IT policies, there is a tendency in which recent businesses increase the adoption of such virtualization. In particular, regarding the virtualization in desktop, it is one of the most widely used technology at the present time. Because it is able to efficiently use various types of operating systems in a physical computer. A virtual machine image that is a key component of virtualization is difficult to investigate. because the structure of virtual machine image is different from hard disk image. Therefore, we need researches about appropriate investigation procedure and method based on technical understanding of a virtual machine. In this research, we suggest a procedure of investigation on a virtual machine image and a method for a corrupted image of the VMware Workstation that has the largest number of users.
Adapt — Associazione accademica RAM dell'Università di Madeira

Con Adaptar RAM, l'azienda intende avere maggiore reattività creando le condizioni per la ripresa dell'attività, data la situazione in cui viviamo, salvaguardando la salute pubblica e rispettando tutte le raccomandazioni stabilite dalle autorità competenti
APPLICATION OF THE FINISHING MATERIAL ON THE WARP

The invention relates to a denim fabric production method comprising the process steps of thread production, rope winding, rope dyeing, rope opening in the denim fabric production, wherein during the size application process, a thread-coating composition, comprising preferably a polyurethane- or polyethylene-containing solution or the similar, is applied on the warp threads in such a way that the thread appearance and properties will not be hindered.
IPM for brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes Orbonalis)-A review

Examples from perennial and annual crops in temperate and tropical conditions illustrate the research and development approaches that have contributed to use and integration of host plant resistance and biological, cultural, physical and chemical control. The evidence shows how successes in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) have depended upon classical experimental approaches continually responding to changing constraints and to novel discoveries. There are many recent developments that could help revolutionize management of some vegetable pests, in particular use of sex pheromones, judicious use of chemicals, biological and mechanical control. There have been some outstanding developments in practical application of IPM in many developed countries where the ultimate goal is to decrease over reliance on conventional insecticides. Evidence shows that in many developing countries, where the goal is an ecologically sound mix of non-chemical and chemical methods, there remains a crucial need for much more appropriate research and implementation, especially in small farm conditions. This paper reviews the management practices of the brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee).
Induction of IL-12 from human monocytes after stimulation with Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom

The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of venom from Androctonus crassicauda to induce expression/production of interleukin (IL)-12 by isolated human monocytes. For this purpose, isolated human monocytes were exposed to different concentrations of the venom (0.16-20 μg/ml) for varying periods (6, 12, and 24 h). Apart from measures of venom cytotoxicity (i.e., lactase dehydrogenase activity [LDH] release), measures of IL-12 p40 mRNA (by Real-time PCR) of IL-12 release (by ELISA) were performed. The results showed that the venom produced significant concentration- and duration of incubation-dependent cytotoxicity. Expression of IL-12 p40 mRNA was significantly increased at all exposure timepoints relative to that in unexposed cells, but was maximal after 6 h of exposure. At that timepoint, the effect from a dose of 2.5 μg venom/ml provided the maximal increase among all doses tested. At the level of the protein itself, IL-12 production remained almost consistently elevated (vs. unexposed control values) across all exposure timepoints, with the greatest formation again occurring after 6 h of incubation at a dose of 2.5 μg venom/ml. The findings from this study demonstrated that venom from the A. crassicauda scorpion contained active constituents that could induce a sustained activation of human monocytes that was manifested, in part, as promotion of the expression/production of IL-12.