SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Regional Deposition of Submicrometer Aerosol in the Human Respiratory System Determined at 1-s Time Resolution of Particle Size Distribution Measurements

Submicrometer aerosol size number distributions have been measured in downtown Rome with 1 s time resolution. From these data, the particle deposition in the human respiratory system has been assessed for infants, children and adults under different exercise levels. The estimates are reported as size segregated percentages and as total particle numbers deposited. The greatest percentages of particles are deposited in the alveolar interstitial region. Deposited doses, expressed per unit body weight or per unit alveolar surface area, indicate that children and infants are more at risk than adults. Following vehicle exhausts, nucleation particle concentrations increase within a few seconds and decrease in the time scale of tens of seconds. In accordance with traffic cycles, such particles are very common during the day, and decrease at night, when accumulation mode particles are more prevalent. As a consequence, the exposure scenario, in proximity to traffic, may be represented by a sequence of short-term peak exposures. The appraisal of such brief exposures depends on the time resolution of measurements, being underestimated if aerosol measurements are performed with resolutions on the time scale of minutes. The health relevance of such exposure patterns needs to be investigated, and the relevant measurement averaging time should also be defined.
Relations between corporate economic performance, environmental disclosure and greenhouse gas emissions: New insights

This study examines the associations and causations between corporate economic performance, environmental disclosure and greenhouse gas emissions, utilising a large, longitudinal, multi-country dataset disaggregated between developed and developing countries. The methodology employs a simultaneous equation model with system estimation to deal with endogeneity between the variables, and Granger causality tests to indicate their direction of causation. A robust result is that lower emissions are strongly associated with better economic performance. After pretesting for stationarity, we find evidence of a one-way causation from emissions and environmental disclosure to economic performance, but no evidence of reverse causation. We also find strong evidence of a one-way causation from emissions to disclosure, but no evidence of reverse causation. The over-arching policy implication is that environmental performance, as measured by greenhouse gas emissions, plays a crucial role in the formulation of business strategy at firm level and government environmental policy at national and international levels.
The EASL–Lancet Liver Commission: protecting the next generation of Europeans against liver disease complications and premature mortality

Liver diseases have become a major health threat across Europe, and the face of European hepatology is changing due to the cure of viral hepatitis C and the control of chronic viral hepatitis B, the increasingly widespread unhealthy use of alcohol, the epidemic of obesity, and undiagnosed or untreated liver disease in migrant populations. Consequently, Europe is facing a looming syndemic, in which socioeconomic and health inequities combine to adversely affect liver disease prevalence, outcomes, and opportunities to receive care. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has magnified pre-existing challenges to uniform implementation of policies and equity of access to care in Europe, arising from national borders and the cultural and historical heterogeneity of European societies. In following up on work from the Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK and epidemiological studies led by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), our multidisciplinary Commission, comprising a wide range of public health, medical, and nursing specialty groups, along with patient representatives, set out to provide a snapshot of the European landscape on liver diseases and to propose a framework for the principal actions required to improve liver health in Europe. We believe that a joint European process of thinking, and construction of uniform policies and action, implementation, and evaluation can serve as a powerful mechanism to improve liver care in Europe and set the way for similar changes globally. Liver disease: at the heart of public health challenges for Europe in the 21st centuryEarly civilisations considered the liver the source of the soul before modern medicine and culture elevated the heart to the centre of life.1 Although cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability in Europe, liver disease continues to gain importance and is now the second leading cause of years of working life lost in the region.2 Compared with the liver, no other single organ is affected by a range of diseases for which control and prevention are dependent on such a wide array of complex public health policies. Full-Text PDF An urgent challenge for Europe: from tackling liver diseases to protecting liver healthThe liver is an amazing organ. It is the largest solid internal organ and has more than 500 vital functions, such as breaking down toxic substances and waste products, storing energy and vitamins, and producing and regulating hormones. The liver can also regenerate itself if at least 25% of healthy liver remains. Yet, the liver is neglected by individuals, health professionals, governments, policy makers, and international agencies. The Lancet Commission on liver disease in the UK, published in 2014 with annual progress reports, drew attention to the poor provision of services for liver diseases in the UK and made recommendations for improvement. Full-Text PDF
Maintenance of belt conveyors using an expert system based on fuzzy logic

In recent years, conveyor belt transport systems have taken on a new significance due to numerous research studies on innovative design solutions. The application of these new developed solutions leads to considerable reduction in operational costs of transport systems, while ensuring their high reliability and service life at the same time. Nonetheless, there are still areas that pose challenge to both research and development. Typical challenges are analyzed in this paper. The solution to the problems of conveyor transport maintenance can be the implementation of a system for estimation of technical condition of conveyor belt joints. It serves as a second level safety diagnostic system for transport. Besides real-time measurements, the system enables a long-term analysis of historic data for every single joint that makes up the conveyor belt loop, from the moment of its manufacture to the final operation. The effectiveness of a conveyor belt diagnostic system primarily depends on the use of a decision supporting system. With adequate inference rules applied, this system would increase the effectiveness and shorten the time of decision-making as well as verify generated signals. The above tasks can be performed by a suitable expert system that predicts values of the analyzed time series, using the predicted values and inference rules to verify any potential false alarm signals at the same time. The idea and algorithm of such an expert system were presented in this article as well.
Analysis of urban carbon metabolic processes and a description of sectoral characteristics: A case study of Beijing

Abstract Global climate change has aroused widespread interest in reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sequestration. Thus, an urban carbon inventory must consider both emissions and sequestration. In this context, we analyzed the main contributors to the flows that comprise a city's carbon metabolic processes employing methods and concepts from ecological science. The carbon emissions and sequestration by urban carbon metabolic processes can be compared to ecological catabolism and anabolism, respectively. We used empirical coefficients to estimate the rates of carbon catabolism and anabolism and calculate the resulting carbon imbalance index. Our analysis reveals the contributions of individual metabolic actors and the distribution of the metabolic flows among them. Taking Beijing as a case study, we found that the catabolic rate of the metabolic actors was more than five times the anabolic rate from 1995 to 2010, leading to a carbon imbalance index that was twice the average Chinese level. The major catabolic actors were the other services and domestic sectors. These catabolic rates were primarily influenced by the flows of electricity, heating energy consumption, and mobile energy consumption. The overall carbon imbalance resulted from greatly reduced metabolic flows in farmland anabolism due to conversion of farmland into urban land. Identifying the metabolic actors and flows in this manner will inform government mitigation efforts by identifying where reduction is required and guiding planning of appropriate mitigation actions. Our study also provides directions for conservation of the urban ecological environment.
Dynamics of accumulation of heavy metals by subcolloidal fraction of bottom sediments is a result of biochemical processes in the marginal filter of the Razdol’naya River (the Amur Bay, the Sea of Japan)

Determined is the content of Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, and Sc in the subcolloidal fraction of sediments of the Razdol’naya River marginal filter using the method of atomic emission spectroscopy. Proposed is one of the variants of separating biochemical zones with the increased content of Fe and Mn and other metals in the bottom sediments of the marginal filter: the river zone, the zone of flocculation and formation of Fe and Mn hydroxides, and the zone of biochemical metal accumulation (marine). In the sediments of the river zone and the zone of flocculation and formation of Fe and Mn hydroxides, two bottom areas are identified with the high content of the elements under study that is associated with long-term and seasonal variations of the river runoff.
Additive schemes for certain operator-differential equations

Unconditionally stable finite difference schemes for the time approximation of first-order operator-differential systems with self-adjoint operators are constructed. Such systems arise in many applied problems, for example, in connection with nonstationary problems for the system of Stokes (Navier-Stokes) equations. Stability conditions in the corresponding Hilbert spaces for two-level weighted operator-difference schemes are obtained. Additive (splitting) schemes are proposed that involve the solution of simple problems at each time step. The results are used to construct splitting schemes with respect to spatial variables for nonstationary Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible fluid. The capabilities of additive schemes are illustrated using a two-dimensional model problem as an example.
Computational methods for drug design and discovery: focus on China

In the past decades, China's computational drug design and discovery research has experienced fast development through various novel methodologies. Application of these methods spans a wide range, from drug target identification to hit discovery and lead optimization. In this review, we firstly provide an overview of China's status in this field and briefly analyze the possible reasons for this rapid advancement. The methodology development is then outlined. For each selected method, a short background precedes an assessment of the method with respect to the needs of drug discovery, and, in particular, work from China is highlighted. Furthermore, several successful applications of these methods are illustrated. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of current major challenges and future directions of the field.
Performance Analysis of Incremental Cooperative Communication with Relay Selection Based on The Relays Arrangement

본 논문에서는 중계기 선택 기법이 적용된 증분 협력 통신의 단-대-단 성능을 분석한다. 일반적인 협력 통신은 1 phase에 송신단(S)에서 전송하는 신호를 수신단(D)이 한 번 수신하고, 2 phase에 중계기(R)로부터 S에서 전송한 신호를 재 전송받게 된다. 이러한 과정을 통해 D는 다이버시티 이득을 얻음으로써 수신 성능이 향상되지만, 두 번에 걸친 전송은 스펙트럼 효율성을 감소시킨다. 하지만 증분형 중계 기법을 적용한 협력 통신에서 D는 1 phase에 수신한 신호만으로 복호에 성공할 수 있다고 판단되면, 두 번째 전송을 생략함으로써 이러한 단점을 보완할 수 있다. 증분형 중계 기법에서 D는 ACK/NACK 메시지를 전송하는 ARQ(Automatic Repeat reQuest) 기법을 이용한다. 본 논문에서는 D가 첫 번째 시간 슬롯에 수신한 신호를 복호할 수 있는지를 판단하기 위해 임계 SNR을 이용한 ARQ 기법과 채널 부호화를 이용한 HARQ(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) 기법과 같이 두 가지 방법을 고려한 시스템에 참여하는 중계기 배치에 따른 성능을 분석하고, 중계기 배치가 성능에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구한다. In this paper, we analysis the end-to-end performance of the incremental cooperative communication with relay selection. In the conventional cooperative scheme, the source(S) broadcasts the signal to the relay(R) and the destination(D) at 1st phase, and the R forwards the signal to the D at 2nd phase. Although this scheme can improve performance and provide diversity gain, it suffers from decreasing spectrum efficiency. In order to overcome this problem, the incremental cooperative model can be used. In this paper, we study two incremental cooperative method : the first uses ARQ with threshold SNR and the second uses HARQ with channel coding. we also evaluated performance of the incremental cooperative communication based on the R arrangement by using both methods.
Revolutionary ar eyes for industrial maintenance

GLARTEK product: is tool for industry, to interact and communicate in a new way, combining the Internet of Things (IoT) technology with Augmented Reality (AR). GLARTEK addresses a business opportunity for a solution merging two, still very distant, worlds - monitoring systems and setup/maintenance teams.
Customers: C-level and factory / maintenance directors and industrial software developers and consultants Users: maintenance operators will have, on the field, a device with technical documentation and real-time information. Our objective is to sell, directly and indirectly, to industrial manufacturing companies, where downtimes and inadequate setups have tremendous economic environmental and social impact.
Strategy: we conducted trials in 2017 to validate technically the product in customer’s industrial premises, and to have success case with verified ROI. Today we have a prototype that can be presented and deployed rapidly in industrial environments. Since direct and indirect sales have low scalability we aim to grow with a SaaS model.
Industrial trials: the product was validated with early adopter customers in food and beverage (F&B) JM, a retailer in Portugal, Poland and Colombia, energy utility EDP (operates in 14 countries e.g. USA, Spain and Brazil), biofuel producer PRIO, Portugal, plastic equipment manufacturer Zoppas in Italy and energy efficiency in CCB buildings. All have stated willingness to buy GLARTEK and funded its trials (78,7 K€ for 5 trials). Contacts and negotiations for new trials are ongoing with Waters of Portugal, Bayer Italy, aeronautic manufacturing Mechacrome France, UNILEVER Netherlands, and Deutsche Bank.
The target market is global and high-value: world market for manufacturing was more than 3.4 Trillion €.
Goals: we expect to achieve 42.5 M€ of sales - 654 SaaS customers and installations in 216 facilities (2022).
The feasibility study goal is to prepare for scaling the business with SaaS – Software as a Service.
Electronic device and method for transmitting and receiving signals

The present invention relates to an electronic device and, more particularly, to an electronic device and a method for transmitting and receiving signals. To this end, the electronic device according to the present invention may comprise: a transceiving unit comprising a first group of power amplifiers (PAs) including at least one PA and a second group of PAs including at least one PA; an antenna unit comprising a first antenna selectively coupled to a PA supporting a first frequency range or a second frequency range of the first group of PAs and the second group of the PAs, and a second antenna selectively coupled to a PA supporting the second frequency range or a third frequency range of the first group of PAs and the second group of the PAs; a power supply unit comprising a first power supply modulator connected to the first group of PAs and a second power supply modulator connected to the second group of PAs; and a communication processor for changing an output voltage at least in part on the basis of transmit power of the PA coupled to at least one of the first power supply modulator and the second power supply modulator, wherein at least one of the first group of PAs and at least one of the second group of PAs are capable of transmitting signals simultaneously.
Stabilization of Groundnut Oil with Natural Antioxidants Extracted from Bauhinia Species and Piliostigma reticulatum

The total phenol and antioxidant activity of the crude extract, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and butanol fractions of the leaves of Bauhinia species and Piliostigma reticulatum plants were determined and EC50 value calculated. The extract with highest antioxidant activity was used in the stabilization study of freshly extracted groundnut oil samples. The results revealed that ethylacetate fraction of P. reticulatum had the highest total phenolic content (106.50 ± 2.26 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram extract) and the lowest EC50 value (8.29 μg/mL). The stabilization study revealed that the plant extract-protected groundnut oil recorded the least values for lipid hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and p-anisidine value and the least reduction in total tocopherol. This showed that the plant extract had sparring role on tocopherol. It can be concluded that ethylacetate fraction of P. reticulatum was a better antioxidant than butylated hydroxyanisole and could be used as an antioxidant in vegetable oil.



Practical Applications

The etiology of some diseases such as cancer has been linked to synthetic antioxidant used in the preservation of vegetable oil. Hence, the replacement of these synthetic compounds with extracts obtained from medicinal plants such as Bauhinia species and P. reticulatum will be a step in the right direction. The ethylacetate extract from P. reticulatum showed a great potential as an antioxidant against lipid oxidation. The extract of this plant can be used as a possible replacement for synthetic antioxidants for the preservation of the nutritional quality of vegetable oil.
L’entretien d’un animal essentiel : rapports entre les traités et la pratique dans l’hippiatrie italienne du 13e siècle1

Le De Medicina Equorum, écrit par Jordanus Rufus (vers 1250-1260) à la cour de l'empereur Frédéric II, est considéré comme le premier ouvrage vétérinaire de l'Occident latin. Cet écrit est connu pour son approche novatrice, sa fortune dans toute l'Europe et son influence incontestable jusqu'au 16e siècle au moins. Cependant, le traité de Rufus n'a jamais été relié aux pratiques concrètes de son époque. À cet égard, il existe des preuves documentaires pertinentes dans les archives de la commune de Pérouse (1276 à 1292), qui peuvent être mises en relation avec les connaissances hippiatriques du traité de Rufus. Cette culture vétérinaire commune apporte un éclairage nouveau sur les soins apportés aux chevaux et sur la circulation des connaissances spécialisées dans l'Italie du 13e siècle. Il en ressort que les animaux, élément clé du progrès technique au cours de l'histoire, sont aussi les protagonistes d'une dynamique d'innovation scientifique et culturelle.
PLUG-IN COMBINATION OF DEVICES

Dargestellt und beschrieben ist eine steckbare Gerätekombination, mit einem Gerätesockel (1) und mindestens einem auf den Gerätesockel (1) aufsteckbaren Steckmodul (2), wobei der Gerätesockel (1) ein Grundgehäuse (3) mit einer Ausnehmung (4) zur Aufnahme des Steckmoduls (2), Anschlussklemmen für die Leiter des zu schützenden Netzes und mit den Anschlussklemmen verbundene Steckkontakte aufweist, und wobei das Steckmodul (2) ein Steckergehäuse (5), ein in dem Steckergehäuse (5) angeordnetes Schutzelement und zu den Steckkontakten korrespondierende Anschlusssteckkontakte, die mit dem Schutzelement elektrisch leitend verbunden sind, aufweist. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Gerätekombination ist sowohl eine Verrastung des Steckmoduls (2) als auch ein Austauschen des Steckmoduls (2) für den Anwender dadurch besonders einfach und komfortabel durchführbar, dass die zwischen dem Gerätesockel (1) und dem Steckmodul (2) wirkende Rastverbindung einen federnden Rastarm (6) mit einem Rasthaken (7) und eine Nut (8) aufweist, die in einer dem Rastarm (6) gegenüberliegenden Wand (9) angeordnet ist, wobei der Rasthaken (7) des Rastarms (7) beim Aufstecken des Steckmoduls (2) auf den Gerätesockel (1) in der Nut (8) geführt ist, dass die Nut (8) einen ersten Abschnitt (8a) aufweist, der derart ausgebildet ist, dass der Rastarm (6) nicht ausgelenkt ist, wenn sich der Rasthaken (7) am Anfang des ersten Abschnitts (8a) befindet, während der Rastarm (6) senkrecht zur Erstreckungsrichtung (R) des Rasthakens (7) ausgelenkt ist, wenn sich der Rasthaken (7) am Ende des ersten Abschnitts (8a) befindet, dass die Nut (8) einen zweiten Abschnitt (8b) aufweist, der sich an den ersten Abschnitt (8a) anschließt, wobei der zweite Abschnitt (8b) derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Auslenkung des Rastarms (6) verringert ist, wenn sich der Rasthaken (7) am Ende des zweiten Abschnitts (8b) befindet, und wobei am Ende des zweiten Abschnitts (8b) eine Verrastungskante (10) für den Rasthaken (7) ausgebildet ist, und dass die Nut (8) einen dritten Abschnitt (8c) aufweist, der sich an den zweiten Abschnitt (8b) anschließt, wobei die Tiefe der Nut (8) am Ende des dritten Abschnitts (8c) so gering ist, dass der Rasthaken (7) nicht mehr in der Nut (8) geführt ist.
Telemedicine fetal phonocardiography surveillance: an italian satisfactory experience.

In this paper we describe an Italian experience of fetal home monitor, organized using a portable phonocardiography system (product by Pentavox, Hungary), and the method utilized to evaluate its effectiveness in providing quality services and patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is an important dimension in the evaluation of quality care delivery. We used phonocardiography technique in our experience of fetal home monitoring as it is non invasive and passive in nature, low-cost and easy to use. A lightweight portable phonocardiograph (Fetaphon-home) was assigned to six selected patients, without effective pregnancy risk to monitor fetal heartbeat, uterine contractions and fetal movements at home or wherever they need it. The selected patients were instructed by trained personnel in the use of the monitoring device. Patients were asked to perform the recording two times a week and to transmit 20-min signal to the reference centre. The home monitoring sessions were performed in addition to the routine surveillance at a gynecologist's office; thus, the home monitoring did not replace clinic visits. The women were requested to fill a satisfaction questionnaire in order to evaluate their quality of life and anxiety state. Preliminary results have shown that home fetal surveillance appreciably reduces the need of travel for patients and consequently their stress. Furthermore, our results suggest that, after a short training, pregnant women are able to record and transmit long traces without troubles. Use of telemedicine system was generally well accepted by pregnant women since it increased the possibility of fetal long-term home surveillance which in turn could increase the efficiency of the service offered to them.