SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The makeup of the modern horse: a history of the biological changes introduced by human management

The horse provided us with rapid transportation, an almost unrivaled secondary product that tremendously impacted the politico-economical trajectory of our societies, revolutionizing the circulation of ideas, people, languages, religions and communication. Horse chariotry and cavalry also changed warfare and beyond the battlefield new equestrian technologies have stimulated agricultural productivity. However, the 5,500 year long history of horse domestication and management, which transformed the natural evolutionary trajectory of wild horses into the more than 625 domestic breeds living today, is difficult to reconstruct from archaeology, history and modern genetics alone. Yet, with archaeogenetics, one can access the genetic information from past individuals and track in great detail past population trajectories. In this project, I propose to build on the latest advances in the analysis of ancient DNA molecules to gather new genomic, epigenomic and metagenomic information from ancient horses. This will be integrated with archaeozoological, isotopic and historical data to enhance our understanding of the multiple processes underlying the transformation of the animal that perhaps most impacted our history. Starting from the characterization of pre-domestic populations of wild horses, I will evaluate the genomic and dietary impact of early domestication stages and will explore whether horses were independently domesticated in Iberia and the Pontic-Caspian steppe. I will follow how the emergence of chariotry and the development of heavy cavalry impacted the horse’s behavioural, physiological and biological makeup. I will reveal the horse characteristics that were preferred in various historical contexts and will investigate a diversity of management strategies and husbandry conditions to reveal their impact on horses, from classical and late antique periods until the recent creation of modern breeds by means of intensive selective breeding.
SECURITY STRIPS

The invention relates to security strips for identifying the authenticity of sheet material, such as documents, bonds and bank notes. Said security strips are formed from several different components, coding means and electrically conducting layers all connected in differing arrangements with a carrier substrate. Layers of known electrically conducting polymers find application. Said security strips are applied to the sheet material or integrated in the sheet material. Said security strips present an insurmountable hurdle for forgers.
EXIT DEVICE

Embodiments described herein relate to an exit device having a construction that facilitates visual inspection of the state of the exit device. Embodiments of the exit device include a visual indicator as to the state (dogged or undogged) of the exit device.
Catalytic c–f bond functionalization for the fixation of environmentally persistent fluorocarbons

The objective of my project is to develop new methods to transform environmentally persistent hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), into reactive chemical building blocks that can be used in chemical manufacture. My team will achieve this by developing a series of new chemical reactions that transform inert carbon–fluorine bonds in HFCs or HFOs into reactive carbon–boron or carbon–aluminum bonds. My team will show that these reactive species can be used to construct carbon–carbon bonds. The idea is to develop a net series of reactions that results in the fixation of fluorine from low-value, volatile, and environmentally damaging organic molecules to high-value, non-volatile organic molecules. When successful, this approach should open up new routes that allow the chemical industry to repurpose HFCs and HFOs as chemical intermediates, and not end products, that complements European Union legislation. By the end of this project, my team will have pioneered methods for the production of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals from environmentally persistent fluorocarbons.
HEAT-SENSITIVE RECORDING MATERIAL

Described are colour developers of formula (I) Ar1—SO2—NH—C6H4—SO2—C6H4—NH—CO—NH—Ar2 (I), a heat-sensitive recording material, comprising a carrier substrate and also a heat-sensitive, colour-forming layer comprising at least one colour former and at least one phenol-free colour developer, the at least one colour developer being the compound of formula (I), and a method for producing this heat-sensitive recording material.
Low cost material for exhaust catalysis (lowcat)

This project aims to develop a low cost catalyst to replace the Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) that are widely used in automotive exhaust catalysis. The ERC Advanced Grant project CODITA (project number 291332) is an investigation into the impacts of cosmic dust in planetary atmospheres. During the course of the project we have developed a novel laboratory synthesis of cosmic dust particle analogues. The kinetics of CO oxidation on this material were studied in order to model the heterogeneous oxidation of CO to CO2 in the troposphere of Venus, where the temperature ranges from 120 - 440°C. Noting that the conditions on Venus are strikingly similar to those in a vehicle exhaust, this discovery forms the basis of the LowCat proposal. Preliminary experiments show that NO is readily taken up on LowCat, which is the first step in the NOx reduction process. The implication is that LowCat could be developed into a 3-way catalyst that is significantly less expensive than current PGM catalysts. This discovery presents an exciting commercialisation opportunity, with very significant societal impacts. Moving toward market requires a proof of core science, patenting of the discovery and commercialisation. The 18 month project planned has specified milestones, project deliverables and value proposition. There are four objectives in the proposal: 1) determine the potential of LowCat to catalyse the reduction of NO in the presence of ammonia; 2) engineer the catalyst onto a suitable support monolith; 3) carry out diesel engine exhaust trials; 4) commercialise the discovery through a patent application and engagement with an industrial partner and potential license.
Ensino e divulgação da astrobiologia no ensino médio

O Ensino e Divulgação de Astronomia tem se intensificado nos últimos anos, particularmente após o Ano Internacional da Astronomia, instituído pela UNESCO em 2009. Variados trabalhos foram desenvolvidos e tiveram como meta atingir o público em geral, realizando a divulgação do tema que fascina e atrai para o conhecimento científico. Neste contexto, um trabalho interdisciplinar que nos é propiciado pela astronomia pode ser vinculado à biologia e tratar de um tema que nos últimos anos vem ganhando atenção através da mídia: a Astrobiologia. Neste trabalho, abordaremos o ensino e a divulgação da astrobiologia realizados em colégio público da rede estadual do Rio de Janeiro, na cidade de Nova Friburgo. O objetivo do trabalho foi introduzir o tema com variados recursos e divulgá-lo no ambiente escolar. O público alvo participante do projeto foi composto por alunos de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 15 e 52 anos, matriculados no Ensino Médio e na Educação de Jovens e Adultos, tendo participado aproximadamente 200 alunos a cada ano. Os recursos utilizados foram: jogos, filmes, oficinas, entre outros. Através da divulgação e ensino do tema, constatamos sua importância, principalmente dentro da escola pública, carente de recursos e projetos, que permita proporcionar maior interesse e aprendizado científico aos alunos.
Jr e-commerce 2019-2022 – Mathitech d.o.o.

Durch die Kofinanzierung förderfähiger Kosten für die Einrichtung oder Modernisierung des elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs besteht der Zweck der öffentlichen Ausschreibung darin, KMU zu unterstützen, die ihren Eintritt in globale Wertschöpfungsketten und neue Märkte erleichtern können, indem sie eine elektronische Geschäftsweise einschlagen, die internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ihrer Geschäfte erhöhen, die Interaktion mit Geschäftspartnern im Ausland verbessern und beschleunigen, Informationen effizienter versenden und sammeln und die Beziehungen in der gesamten Lieferkette verbessern.
SELF CLEANING COOKING OVEN

A self cleaning cooking oven comprises a cabinet having walls defining an oven cavity; a door for closing said oven cavity, a supporting structure for supporting a removable rack structure within said oven cavity, a heating means for heating said oven cavity, and a control means for said heating means selectively operable to control said heating means to effect a cooking operation or a pyrolysis operation, wherein the oven further comprises an actuation means which is removably positionable within said oven cavity by a user, said actuation means, when present within said oven cavity, directly or indirectly acts on said control means to control said heating means for effecting the pyrolysis operation.
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CANCER

The technology described herein is directed to methods and compositions directed to the treatment of cancer, e.g. using multifunctional receptor targeted cancer therapeutics.
Evaluation of medical physics training in radiology residency in 67 countries

The main aim of medical physics training in radiology residency is to have appropriate and safer imaging of patients and safety of personnel. The need to have adequate coverage of medical physics and radiation safety in curricula of radiology residency is well perceived, but it is not known how far it is implemented in practice.We have analysed the data from 67 countries on medical physics teaching and assessment of residents in radiology programs, considering differences between countries in function of their human development index (HDI).The results indicate that teaching of medical physics by radiologists rather than by medical physicists is very common and there is relationship with the developmental status of a country. The majority of countries with very high HDI used a written test (69%) for medical physics topics, often in combination with other subjects (63%). Further, there is lack of direct involvement of medical physicists during the examination phase of residents. Geographically, it can be seen that Latin American countries in particular lack involvement of medical physicists during both the teaching and examination phase.The lack of adequate involvement of medical physicists in training and in the formal examination of radiology residents in both developed and developing countries is a matter of concern with likely implications on patient and staff safety.
PRETREATMENT OF METAL SURFACES PRIOR TO PAINT USING POLYANILINE PARTICLES

Embodiments of a method of pretreating a metal substrate prior to painting comprise applying a first coating solution onto the metal substrate wherein the first coating solution comprises polyaniline particles at a pH less than 7 to yield a first coating on the metal substrate, rinsing the metal substrate to remove unreacted polyaniline particles, and applying a second coating solution post-rinse which comprises at least one acid and a silane composition at a pH less than 7 to yield a second coating on the metal substrate.
Fault constitutive relations inferred from the 2009-2010 slow slip event in Guerrero, Mexico

The spatiotemporal evolution of stress state is analyzed during the 2009-2010 Slow Slip Event (SSE) of Guerrero, Mexico, based on the kinematic inversion results and using an integral expression for stress changes. A linear slip weakening behavior is generally observed during the SSE with an average slope of -0.5 +/- 0.2 MPa/m regardless the perturbation due to the 27 February 2010 M-w = 8.8 Maule, Chile earthquake. This slope remains unchanged before and after the Maule earthquake. However, for some area, the friction behavior changes from slip hardening to slip weakening following the Maule earthquake. The complex trajectory between shear stress and slip velocity is fitted with a rate-and state friction law through an inversion. The direct (rate) effect (parameter A) is found to be very small, lower by an order of magnitude than the evolutional (state) effect (parameter B). The characteristic length L is obtained as 5 cm on average.
A neural network approach to color constancy (ICCAS 2011)

This thesis presents a neural network based approach to AWB. A neural network is used to estimate the chromaticity of the illuminant in a scene based only on the image data collected by a digital camera. This is accomplished by training the neural network to learn the relationship between the pixels in a scene and the chromaticity of the scene's illumination. From a computational perspective, the goal of color constancy is defined to be the transformation of a source image taken under an unknown illuminant, to a target image, identical to one that would have been obtained by the same camera, for the same scene, under a standard illuminant. Neural networks offer better generalization and dynamic adaptations to changes in the environment because of their learning capabilities and lack of in-built constraints.
Transients in reactors for power systems compensation

This thesis describes new models and investigations into switching transient phenomena related to the shunt reactors and the Mechanically Switched Capacitor with Damping Network (MSCDN) operations used for reactive power control in the transmission system. Shunt reactors and MSCDN are similar in that they have reactors. A shunt reactor is connected parallel to the compensated lines to absorb the leading current, whereas the MSCDN is a version of a capacitor bank that has been designed as a C-type filter for use in the harmonic-rich environment. In this work, models have been developed and transient overvoltages due to shunt reactor deenergisation were estimated analytically using MathCad, a mathematical program. Computer simulations were then undertaken using the ATP/EMTP program to reproduce both single-phase and three-phase shunt reactor switching at 275 kV operational substations. The effect of the reactor switching on the circuit breaker grading capacitor was also examined by considering various switching conditions. The main original achievement of this thesis is the clarification of failure mechanisms occurring in the air-core filter reactor due to MSCDN switching operations. The simulation of the MSCDN energisation was conducted using the ATP/EMTP program in the presence of surge arresters. The outcome of this simulation shows that extremely fast transients were established across the air-core filter reactor. This identified transient event has led to the development of a detailed air-core reactor model, which accounts for the inter-turn RLC parameters as well as the stray capacitances-to-ground. These parameters are incorporated into the transient simulation circuit, from which the current and voltage distribution across the winding were derived using electric field and equivalent circuit modelling. Further analysis of the results has revealed that there are substantial dielectric stresses imposed on the winding insulation that can be attributed to a combination of three factors. (i) First, the surge arrester operation during the MSCDN energisation, which causes steep voltage change at the reactor terminal. (ii) Second, the nonuniform voltage distribution, resulting in high stresses across the top inter-turn windings. (iii) Third, the rapid rate-of-change of voltage in the assumed worst-case reactor winding location. This is accompanied by a high dielectric (displacement) current through the inter-turn winding insulation. Work within this investigation proposes that a synergistic effect of high electric field and high dielectric current occurring at worst energisation, followed by the thermal effects of steady state operation contributes to the failure of air-core reactors used on the 400 kV MSCDN.
Apparel accessory for trousers

An accessory for trousers worn low on the hips, for concealing otherwise exposed surfaces such as the midriff or underwear, and for retaining the trousers on the hips. The accessory comprises a panel of fabric or other flexible material, configured to encircle the waist and to overlap the top of the trousers. The accessory has an elastic waistband and an attaching element for engaging and retaining the trousers. In alternative embodiments, the retaining element may comprise hook and loop fastener or belt loops. In a further alternative embodiment, the upper edge of the accessory may bear lace. In still other alternative embodiments, the accessory may be pleated, may have an optional zipper, may be provided in a form that bulges out from the body when worn, may be elastic, and may have these features in any combination. The accessory may be provided with trousers as a visually matched set.
Evolution of direct reciprocity in complex environments

Direct reciprocity is a fundamental mechanism for cooperation among non-kin. It is based on the idea that individuals are more cooperative when they interact in stable groups in which retaliation is possible. To model the evolution of reciprocity, researchers have used the framework of repeated games. Traditionally, these models rest on two assumptions. First, players are symmetric: they coincide in their strategic options, in their incentives to cooperate, and how they discount future payoffs. Second, the players' environment is fixed: players face the same game, with the same payoffs, in every round. Both assumptions are crucial, as they promote conditionally cooperative strategies like Tit-for-Tat.  Yet in most natural applications, individuals are heterogeneous, and the games they play change over time.   To address these two critical model limitations, we need to expand the theory of reciprocity. We focus on the following objectives: 1) Develop a theory of reciprocity in heterogeneous groups. Based on mathematical models and simulations, we study how different dimensions of heterogeneity affect the evolution of reciprocity. 2) Develop a theory of reciprocity in changing environments. Here, we explore the evolution of cooperation when the players' environment (and hence their feasible payoffs and strategies) can change from one round to the next. We ask which environmental feedback is most favorable to cooperation. 3) Explore the dynamics of asymmetric games with changing environments. Here, we analyze the intricacies that arise when both previous sources of complexity are present. 4) Verify the theory using behavioral experiments with human subjects. The success of the project will establish a novel framework and new tools to study the evolution of strategic behavior in non-constant environments. It will significantly enhance our ability to predict when reciprocity emerges under natural conditions.
MAGNETIC INSTALLATION AND RETRIEVAL TOOL FOR FLUID LIFT PLUNGERS

A plunger installation and retrieval tool incorporates a magnet which magnetically supports a fluid lift plunger during insertion into or retrieval from a lubricator on a natural gas wellhead. The magnet is housed in a magnet holder suspended from an elongate hanger member the upper end of which is connected to a hanger support. An actuating rod slidably extends through the hanger support and through bores in the magnet and magnet holder, such that a downward force applied to the actuating rod will cause the lower end of the actuating rod to project below the magnet and break its magnetic bond with the plunger, thus releasing the plunger from the tool. The tool may be provided with a cylindrical skirt fitting closely around the upper end of the plunger to prevent laterally loading that could break the magnetic bond during plunger insertion and retrieval.
A KNN classifier with PSO feature weight learning ensemble

Feature selection and weighting are normally ways to improve KNN classification algorithm. In this paper, we use the reverse cloud algorithm to map the training samples into clouds. Each attribute is mapped to a cloud vector. Reverse cloud algorithm is not sensitive to the noise on data sets and it can eliminate the impact of noise on classification effectively. By comparing the similarity of clouds in the cloud vector, we can find out a fitness function to measure the feature weighting results. The weighting process is a typical optimizing problem. We present a KNN algorithm based on PSO feature weight learning and compare our approach with classic KNN algorithms and other well-known improved KNN algorithms on 10 data sets. Experiments show that our approach could achieve a better or at least a comparable classification accuracy with other algorithms.
Deciphering the mycobiome of indoor environments by high-throughput sequencing

Fungi have ubiquitous distribution in natural ecosystems and are also common in the built environment, where people spend major parts of their lifetime. When moisture is present, fungal growth can cause material deterioration and adverse effects on the occupant’s health. Traditional methods for analyzing the indoor mycobiome, such as culturing and microscopy, have severe limitations.
In this project we will improve the knowledge about the indoor mycobiome in Northern Europe by combining air sampling with high-throughput DNA sequencing (HTS) and qPCR. We will (i) construct a reference DNA sequence collection for indoor fungi, (ii) analyze the small-scale spatiotemporal variation of the indoor mycobiome within selected buildings, including a complete description of all indoor compartments, and (iii) characterize the geographic variation of the indoor mycobiome on a larger spatial scale (Scandinavia) through an aerobiological study of more than 200 buildings.
The project will be conducted at the Oslo Mycology Group (University of Oslo) in close collaboration with the Norwegian consulting firm Mycoteam AS, which possesses 30 years expertise on indoor fungi. The project will improve our basic understanding about the indoor mycobiome, which will help to control fungal outbreaks as well as their adverse effects on building materials and occupants. Results from this study will be a first step towards a streamlined HTS based indoor mycobiome profiling approach with a commercial potential.
This intersectoral project involves relevant expertise in fungal biology, building mycology, DNA analyses, and bioinformatics, and will provide a highly professional framework for the Experienced Researcher, as well as an excellent basis for his further development as an independent researcher.
On the ethical-aesthetic potentials of special atmospheres

Discussions concerning the atmospheric raise questions about how it can be defined and what influences may stem from particular atmospheres. Moreover, a shift in emphasis can be seen in respect of the way phenomena and disciplines are understood. Aesthetics is considered to be a theory of sensual perception; ethics serves as a theory of the good life. The article focuses on the relationship between atmospheres and aesthetics (e.g. Benjamin’s ‘aura’ and Rilke on Rodin’s sculptures) as well as atmospheres and ethics (e.g. architecture or politics as facade) and concludes with three points about ethical-aesthetic potentials, thus enhancing in-betweenness, the development of aesthetic interest, as well as a re-evaluation.