SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
THE TOP 25 MOST INFLUENTIAL GREAT BRITISH SPINE DEFORMITY PUBLICATIONS

To identify the most cited British author, unit and country within Great Britain among the scoliosis and spinal deformity literature. Using methods as described by Skovrlj (2014), a search of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science was performed using the terms ‘scoliosis’ and ‘spine deformity’ from 1900 to 2013 published from authors in the following countries: UK, England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales. Additional citations searches were performed using PubMed and Google scholar. Results were sorted according to number of citations; papers applicable to scoliosis or spinal deformity were chosen. The Top 25 citations from British authors were established. 80% of papers were published before 2000. Citation counts and therefore rankings varied for each of the three citation searches, producing differences in rank of as great as 28 for the same paper. Ruth Wynne-Davies from Edinburgh ranked number one in all three searches, followed by SG Boyd, R Dickson, and M McMaster. Half of the top ten papers were published by authors from Edinburgh. The most cited author in Great Britain from all citation searches is Ruth Wynne Davies. However, the citation count of all papers varied depending on the search platform used, producing varying ranks for all other papers.
Creating flows of interpersonal bits: the automation of the London Stock Exchange,c. 1955–90

This article deals with the concept of market information. In particular, it argues that references to the so-called conduit metaphor, which represents markets as a series of information flows, hide the localized, historically contingent and materially mediated practices of the economy. Following the tradition of the performative theory of social institutions, this article argues that the specific meaning of ‘market information’ and its concrete manifestations (e.g. prices) depend on the sociotechnical character of the calculative practices through which market participants orient their economic actions. The point is illustrated through a historical reconstruction of the introduction of price and quote dissemination technologies in the London Stock Exchange between 1955 and 1990. By highlighting the historical and technological contingency of prices, the case of the London Stock Exchange shows that it is impossible to provide a universally and temporally invariant definition of market information.
AUTOFITTING BUILDING BLOCKS AND BRICKS

An autofitting building block (1) has two opposing side surfaces (3), two opposing end surfaces (5), a top surface (7) and a bottom surface (9). The top surface has a plurality of dihedral projections (11) which mate with a plurality of dihedral recessions (13) on the bottom surface. The bottom surface may have at least one more recession (13) than does the top surface so that a channel is formed between two stacked bricks. Grooves (17) are preferably placed in the end walls which form vertical channels which communicate with the horizontal passages. A wall made of such bricks is also disclosed. The blocks can be either solid or hollow, and special blocks can be used for the corners and for the ends of the wall.
A diagnostic tool for endometritis in cows, based on a portable automated image recognition software

Endometritis is a curable uterine infection that is highly prevalent in cow farms affecting approximately 30% of cows per year, with up to 70% incidence in some herds. A farm with just 1,500 cows and with a typical incidence rate of 30% has a loss of up to €146,000 a year due to the costs associated with endometritis. Current solutions are slow, expensive, require specialized personnel and have low reliability (53%). Oculyze offers Better Dairy, an automated image recognition tool leveraging a proprietary smart algorithm using a smartphone-based microscope and a sampling kit for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in cows. The diagnostic tool can be easily used by anyone without professional training. It does not require expensive equipment or lab testing, just a regular smartphone. Better Dairy makes laboratory testing an easy and affordable task.
During the feasibility assessment, a minimum viable product will be defined, a go-to-market strategy and a supply chain will be established, as well as further development plan will be drafted. Within the overall project, Oculyze seeks to finalize the design of the Better Dairy, upgrade the recognition software, transfer the production line to a CMO and validate the performance through pilot with 2 cattle farms.
The water recycling bio toilets

WeCo offers an ingenious and innovative waste-water treatment system that enables a closed loop flush for toilets. This solution will answer the needs of potential customers having no water or no sewer connection, or willing to limit their water consumption. As such, this provides a new solution for outdoor public toilets (for municipalities, theme park operators…), for mobile toilets (for construction sites, events…), for indoor toilets in non-sewered new or renovated buildings, and for train toilets.

WeCo has clear assets to enter this broad potential market, with a scalable solution that is the only one fostering user acceptance. Besides, WeCo partnership strategy ensures its access to the targeted market. WeCo has thus initiated key collaborations with Alstom (access to train market) and another major listed French company of mobile toilets market for construction sites. 

WeCo expects to become a leader of the European market by 2023, with an annual turnover of € 11,9M representing a 20% share of the serviceable addressable market. This growth will be followed by a global extension toward Asia and Africa, where the WeCo solution will definitely have a humanitarian dimension.

The SME-Instrument Phase 1 grant will finance the feasibility study of the WeCo system, in particular for the indoor toilets and the mobile toilets segments.
Youbeep – instore mobile shopping and analytics

This project is YouBeep, a patented new checkout system, available free to use with a smartphone, expected to change the way people do their shopping in a retail store, allowing checkout a full shopping cart in under a minute. The long queues and waiting time at checkout lines are a key factor in customer satisfactions, and effectively represent a real high cost for retailers worldwide. Our proposal addresses this issues.
Shoppers will be able to scan their items as they shop, saving time, while keeping the control over the overall amount to be paid, and their grocery list. At checkout, the shopper just needs to use their phone at any available checkout, by scanning a Qrcode. 
YouBeep is supported by a hardware component (patented USB device), mobile App and a cloud solution. It allows integration in any POS systems and zero software integration. Installation is simply connecting a USB cable, and all loyalty and couponing programs are still supported. 
The potential market for the product is very promising. The overall market for this product overlaps and greatly exceeds the market of self-checkout system that is growing at a rate of 15% per year. YouBeep usage data provide valuable analytics to retailers and Brands, and effectively leverages retailers, by providing top innovative retail technology, usually only available to top retailers, to more challenging retailers, at a viable cost, increasing EU competitiveness. The company has made an agreement with the major retailer in Portugal, for a public Pilot Trial at their stores. 
The objectives set for the feasibility study are validation of user traction in a meaningful pilot trial at several stores, Retailer validation, and creation of a business and marketing plan, including pricing model. In addition to this we also intend to progress and make sure our project takes the necessary steps to be eligible for Phase 2 funding of SME Instruments.
Boosting widening digital innovation hubs

BOWI project addresses the challenge of limited capacities among DIHs to support the uptake of SAE/I4MS technologies during the last 7 years in the European industry at large. The overall aim of the project is to create a DIH widening network that supports the collaboration of new DIHs (proto-hubs) in regions where SAE and I4MS technologies are underrepresented and well-established DIHs that are highly experienced in these technologies (mature hubs). BOWI takes the first step towards creating a fully sustainable post-project network by:
1.	Strengthening proto-hubs by carrying out actual experiments and facilitating the collaboration between proto-hubs and mature hubs;
2.	Ensuring sustainability of BOWI network by developing a blended financing accelerator and membership model;
3.	Creating the BOWI community, initiating the participation of proto-hubs, mature hubs, regional stakeholders, and investors.
The mechanism will be first tested by supporting 6 pioneer proto-hubs (pioneer stage), which will be later extended to 9 proto-hubs in the second full-fledged strengthening stage, allowing new members of the EU DIH community to participate, including the proto-hubs and mature hubs that are currently not part of the consortium. The post-project BOWI network business model is to be explored, including service and funding needs. To ensure practical experience, all 15 proto-hubs will be supported to conduct 60 (15x4) SAE/I4MS uptake experiments with SMEs in total. For this purpose, an extensive FSTP approach will be used.
The consortium includes experienced partners that participate intensively in the SAE/I4MS strategies (Civitta, FBA, VTT, and RWTH). They are complemented by 6 proto-hubs from various countries that act as pioneer hubs to test and validate approaches (TIT, LITC, UWB, KTP, NTNU, ICT).
Photon emitting gated arrays for scalable on-chip quantum systems

Single photons play in important part in the development of quantum technologies, particularly in the fields of communication and networks. There are many potential candidates of single-photon sources with varying degrees of quality and efficiency, and there is a collective push towards catapulting solid-state quantum light sources into real applications needed for the development of quantum technologies. To that end, the current ERC Consolidator Grant (from which this PoC proposal draws highly) focuses on semiconductor spin-photon interfaces and aims to develop them where milestones such as distant spin qubit entanglement can be demonstrated. While the majority of the deliverables have been reached, the key challenge of scalability still causes concern for conventional III-V-based semiconductor quantum dots. Conventional semiconductor quantum dots individually have stellar optical properties, but their random occurrence and their requirement to be embedded deep inside the host semiconductor makes it difficult to devise large-scale on-chip quantum devices with integrated photonic circuitry beyond a few quantum dots. During the ERC Consolidator Grant we have invented a completely new way to create quantum dots in other, less conventional semiconductors: atomically thin 2d materials. With this technique we are able to create very large quantum dot arrays with unprecedented location accuracy and comfortably in the thousands and have demonstrated all-electrical triggering of single photons. The invention is patented and there is a very recent spin-off company aiming to commercialise this system for high-yield large-band with quantum light sources. The immediate application areas are space QKD and quantum random number generation.
Melt pool geometry and morphology variability for the Inconel 718 alloy in a laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process

Abstract Expanding on prior process mapping work by the authors, multiple melt pool cross-sections are measured at multiple process parameter combinations for the Inconel 718 alloy in a Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process. Collection of such data enables the study of the variability of melt pool geometry (e.g. width, depth, and cross-sectional area) across process space. Furthermore, the statistical distribution of the measured melt pool geometries is compared to that of an equivalent normal distribution and intriguing outliers are observed. The cross-sectional morphology of the melt pools are associated with defects such as keyholing porosity and balling and the variability of the defects is quantified. The final product of this work is a robust description of L-PBF In718 melt pool behavior, based on ex-situ observations, which can be linked to in-situ observations of melt pool morphology in future work.
An effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering template based on gold nanoparticle/silicon nanowire arrays

A large-scale Si nanowire array (SiNWA) is fabricated with gold (Au) nanoparticles by simple metal-assisted chemical etching and metal reduction processes. The three-dimensional nanostructured Au/SiNWA is evaluated as an active substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The results show that the detection limit for rhodamine 6G is as low as 10−7 M, and the Raman enhancement factor is as large as 105 with a relative standard deviation of less than 25%. After the calibration of the Raman peak intensities of rhodamine 6G and thiram, organic molecules could be quantitatively detected. These results indicate that Au/SiNWA is a promising SERS-active substrate for the detection of biomolecules present in low concentrations. Our findings are an important advance in SERS substrates to allow fast and quantitative detection of trace organic contaminants.
The visual object: a study of emotional and psychological attachment and response

Lavender, or Lavandula, is a genus of 39 species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. Its sweet aroma made it suitable for use in perfumes and medicines from Roman times, through the Middle Ages, up to the present day. The flower itself, in colour and form, signifies purity, luck, silence and devotion; and one such flower lays pressed in a handkerchief in a fudge tin that resides on my shelf. Saved from a funeral, the flower was pressed, its dry body serving as a reminder of a series of sad moments, among them the grandmother I have lost. Yet I kept it; though at the time I did not know why. It seemed strange I keep something with the ability to conjure memories of mourning and grief, but it was here I realised that though the meaning of the object was derived from sadness, the flower served as a reminder of the person I love. By association, the object provided comfort and thus a stepping stone to happiness. This sentimental value we place on objects is intriguing, complex and seemingly illogical, yet it is a universal notion that can be appreciated by all. The object becomes a tool, a means towards countless forms of gratification, from the superstitious with their lucky charms, to hoarders sat in over flowing homes, it is the personal relationships in conjunction with the unique narratives and reasoning behind the objects attributed to them that make up one of the most sensitive and interesting areas of living; it is this that will provide the focus of this writing. With a utilisation of anthropological, philosophical and psychological theory in conjunction with historical and contemporary examples of visual culture, this piece will explore the ever curious concept of emotional attachment and response to ‘the object’.
Performance Profiling in Primary Care

Background. Profiling is increasingly being used to generate input for improvement efforts in health care. For these efforts to be successful, profiles must reflect true provider performance, requiring an appropriate statistical model. Sophisticated models are available to account for the specific features of performance data, but they may be difficult to use and explain to providers. Objective. To assess the influence of the statistical model on the performance profiles of primary care providers. Data Source. Administrative data (2006–2008) on 2.8 million members of a Dutch health insurer who were registered with 1 of 4396 general practitioners. Methods. Profiles are constructed for 6 quality measures and 5 resource use measures, controlling for differences in case mix. Models include ordinary least squares, generalized linear models, and multilevel models. Separately for each model, providers are ranked on z scores and classified as outlier if belonging to the 10% with the worst or best performance. The impact of the model is evaluated using the weighted kappa for rankings overall, percentage agreement on outlier designation, and changes in rankings over time. Results. Agreement among models was relatively high overall (kappa typically &gt;0.85). Agreement on outlier designation was more variable and often below 80%, especially for high outliers. Rankings were more similar for processes than for outcomes and expenses. Agreement among annual rankings per model was low for all models. Conclusions. Differences among models were relatively small, but the choice of statistical model did affect the rankings. In addition, most measures appear to be driven largely by chance, regardless of the model that is used. Profilers should pay careful attention to the choice of both the statistical model and the performance measures.
On the Use of Meteor Camera Systems in the Detection of Kuiper Belt Objects Through Serendipitous Stellar Occultations

The direct detection of Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) by telescopic imaging is not currently practical for objects much less than 100 km in diameter. However, indirect methods such as serendipitous stellar occultations might still be employed to detect these bodies. The method of serendipitous stellar occultations has been previously used with some success in detecting KBOs—Roques et al. (Astron J 132(2):819–822, 2006) detected three Trans-Neptunian objects; Schlichting et al. (Nature 462(7275):895–897, 2009) and Schlichting et al. (Astrophys J 761:150, 2012) each detected a single object in archival Hubble Space Telescope data. However, previous assessments of KBO occultation detection rates have been calculated only for telescopes—we extend this method to video camera systems, and we apply this derivation to the automated meteor camera systems currently in use at the University of Western Ontario. We find that in a typical scenario we can expect one occultation per month. However recent studies such as those of Shankman et al. (Astrophys. J. Lett. 764. doi:
 10.1088/2041-8205/764/1/L2
 , 2013) and Gladman et al. (AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts, 2012) which indicate that the population of small KBOs may be smaller than has been assumed in the past may result in a sharp reduction of these rates. Nonetheless, a survey for KBO occultations using existing meteor camera systems may provide valuable information about the number density of KBOs.
Torque transmitting device with torque limiting device

A torque transmission device has aligned input and output shafts which are interconnected by two coupling members which are in driving engagement by the input and output shafts for rotation in respective opposite directions. The coupling members have limited relative rotational movement and are biased into engagement with the shafts by a torsion device which extends between them. The arrangement is such that drive is always transmitted through the torsion device, irrespective of direction of rotation. A brake is responsive to relative rotation between the input and output shafts.
Dual-Band High-Temperature Superconducting Bandpass Filter Using Quint-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonators

Two dual-band high-temperature superconducting (HTS) bandpass filters (BPFs) using quint-mode stub-loaded resonators are presented. The quint-mode resonator is formed by loading four open-circuit stubs in shunt. By properly adjusting the lengths of the resonator, three transmission zeros separate five resonant frequencies into two groups. The first three resonant frequencies form the first passband. The two other frequencies are combined to create the second passband. In addition, a novel approach is proposed to extract the external quality factor Qe based on the group delay of S21. A magnetic coupling is introduced to adjust external coupling to meet the desired external Qe. The first filter prototype is initially designed and implemented to verify the theory. Afterward, the second filter is constituted by introducing an additional half-wavelength resonator, resulting to improve the isolation between two desired passbands. Finally, two HTS BPFs are fabricated, and measured results agree well with theory.
Cosmology beyond homogeneity and isotropy

I will carry out a research program to understand how cosmological structures evolve and how the corresponding observables are modified in an inhomogeneous universe. This project will place the field of inhomogeneous cosmologies into the era of precision cosmology. Indeed, it is very difficult to obtain the evolution of structures when the background is inhomogeneous and it has not been possible to fully constrain inhomogeneous cosmologies because of this lack of understanding. As I will argue, the most promising approach is via Numerical Cosmology. This justifies why this fellowship will be carried out at the Astronomical Observatory of Trieste under the supervision of Stefano Borgani, one of the world experts in Numerical Cosmology. The scientific motivation behind this effort is that cosmology is undergoing a crisis, facing, at the same time, unexplained components (dark matter and dark energy) and a >4sigma tension between local and global determinations of the Hubble constant. It is then imperative to test basic assumptions in cosmology, such as large-scale homogeneity and isotropy. These are indeed among the objectives of many major space- and earth-based international collaborations (Euclid, LSST, SKA), which will produce detailed maps of a good fraction of the observable universe. Only after carrying out these tests can one hope to discover the nature of dark matter and dark energy.