SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
GB 1250744 A

1,250,744. Internally heated hollow roller. DIENES-HONEYWELL HOLDING G.m.b.H. 18 March, 1970 [20 March, 1969], No. 12933/70. Heading B5B. [Also in Division F2] In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, an internally heated rotatable hollow roller or godet such as may be used for forwarding and heating yarn looped around it and which is provided with a temperature sensor includes a hollow metal roller 1 the hub 2 of which is fixed on to a shaft 3 which is, in turn, rotatably supported by a stationary structure 4 and is coupled to a driving means (not shown). A stationary induction heating coil 5 is mounted inside the roller 1 in a known manner. Alternative heating means, such as electrical resistance heating means, may be used. Fixed to the structure 4 is a flange 6 which, with the cover ring 9 secured about its periphery, constitutes a thermal insulating body preferably made of a poor heat-conducting material such as a ceramics material. The flange 6 near its periphery supports at least one temperature sensor 7, such as a resistance bulb, which is positioned in adjacent radial spaced relation to a portion 8 of the peripheral surface of roller 1. The cover ring 9 is provided with a mirror-like inner surface 12 for reflecting heat radiated from surface portion 8. The cover ring 9 may be integral with the flange 6. The cover ring 9 defines an annular recess 13 with the surface portion 8 and with an annular projection 11 which extends around the peripheral surface of roller 1. The projection 11 distinguishes the surface portion 8 from the greater portion of the peripheral surface of roller 1, and defines one of the four walls of the recess 13 and also defines a clearance 14 with cover ring 9. In a second illustrated embodiment the cover ring 9 is an integral part of a cup-shaped portion of the support structure 4 and extends over the end of the roller 1 facing this structure, whereby the electric connections to the temperature sensor are enclosed and protected. In a third illustrated embodiment of the apparatus of the invention the annular projection 11 of the roller 1 has a greater radial extension than as shown in Fig. 1 and has two axially extended stepped shoulders which overlap a complementary stepped portion at the end face of the cover ring 9 and the outer surface, respectively, of the free end of the cover ring. Entry of the yarn being heated into the recess 13 via the clearance 14, in operation of the roller is thereby prevented.
Predictive and accelerated metabolic engineering network

The world economy is dependent on fossil resources: oil, gas and coal. The fossil resources are finite and their consumption
causes catastrophic environmental changes. Therefore we need to move towards sustainable economy using renewable
resources for energy and chemicals production. Via metabolic engineering approach, novel microbial cells can be created
that can convert biomass and waste into fuels and chemicals. Metabolic engineering however distinguishes itself from other
engineering disciplines by low predictability of the design and long turnover times for the cell factory construction and screening. Therefore there is a need for scientists, who can address these challenges.
European Training Network on Predictable and Accelerated Metabolic Engineering Networks (PAcMEN) will be established
at 5 renowned European universities and 2 SMEs with participation of 5 industrial and 1 academic partner organizations. In this program 16 PhD students (of which 15 funded by EU contribution) will learn to conduct state-of-the-art research on metabolic engineering of microbial cell factories and learn to commercialize innovations. This will be achieved via collaborative research projects under supervision of top scientists from academia and industry, network training, secondments with network partners, training on innovation and entrepreneurship, and individual career coaching. Altogether, PAcMEN training programme will provide young scientists with the ideal combination of scientific, technological, industrial and management skills to prepare them for their role as breakthrough pioneers in the establishment of tomorrow’s biorefineries.
The PAcMEN project will have an overall positive impact by strengthening the research networks in the area of metabolic
engineering, establishing long-term collaborations between the universities and industry, and by creating a framework for
future interdisciplinary training programs.
Precisely oriented porous crystalline films and patterns

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous crystalline solids with narrow pore distributions and high accessible surface areas. MOFs are typically prepared in a polycrystalline form via the self-assembly of inorganic (nodes) and organic (links) building units. This bottom-up approach allows for properties such as, pore size, topology and chemical functionality to be precisely tailored. Such synthetic control has identified MOFs as promising platform material for device fabrication in the areas of microelectronics, photonics, sensing. However, current methods for fabricating MOF films and patterns cannot generate precisely oriented crystals on commercially relevant scales (i.e. cm). Thus, limiting access to applications that require anisotropic functional properties (e.g. optics, electronics, separation).

POPCRYSTAL will enable the fabrication of films and patterns composed of precisely oriented MOF crystals by exploiting crystalline ceramics to guide the aligned growth of MOF crystals.  Remarkably, the scale of these heteroepitaxially grown MOFs is solely determined by the ceramic precursor which can be easily synthesized on areas covering mm2 to cm2. 
POPCRYSTAL will advance a proof of concept study by addressing the following important research aims: the basic understanding of the formation mechanism and rules governing the heteroepitaxial relationship (WP1), the extension to different ceramic-MOF systems (WP2), the control over crystalline porous film and pattern features (WP3) and the fabrication of a proof-of-concept that will highlight the importance of aligned pores for separation (WP4).

In summary, by exploiting the heteroepitaxial growth mechanism between ceramics and MOFs  POPOCRYSTAL will fabricate unprecedented crystalline MOF films and patterns with precisely oriented nanopores and nanochannels. Thus POPCRYSTAL intercrosses and connects nanoscale chemistry, controlled self-assembly on a macroscale and nanoporous-based device fabrication.
Assessing the potential for knowledge-based development in the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia

Transition economies that formerly were within the Soviet Union’s political and economic sphere exhibited high economic growth before the crisis. In part, increasing total-factor productivity (TFP), a’ residual’ growth factor commonly interpreted as reflecting technological progress, was behind higher growth rates. This paper zooms in on TFP’s contribution to growth in the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia, in order to identify which countries have established a knowledge-based growth path or have the potential to develop one in the near future. We start by looking at how the transition countries covered by the paper measure up according to traditional innovation input and output indicators. But the major part of our analysis focuses on identifying countries’ potential for future knowledge-based growth. Few transition economies have highly-developed innovation profiles. Analysis of the prerequisites for knowledge-based growth indicates that transition countr...
Real time access to virtual earth observation network

The RAVEN project aims to enable end users to have access to Real-Time Earth Observation imagery and data, whether they be on an aircraft, a sea vessel or in remote locations.  Earth Observation is part of a €50 billion geo-information Services market and is used by various market segments, including agriculture, maritime, Oil & Gas, mining and government agencies. The continued unprecedented growth in the satellite-based Earth Observation (EO) market is enabling the imaging of the entire Earth on a daily basis, producing petabytes of data. Copernicus, the European Space Agency’s flagship EO programme, say they are producing more data than the amount of photos uploaded onto Facebook per day with their Sentinel satellites. Compounded with the emerging market of EO Big Data Analytics and Commercial Weather Data (from satellites) forecasts there is an immediate need for Optical Feeder Links in this growing market to enable Real-Time access to this data.  A Feeder Link is the connection between a ground station and an Earth Observation/telecommunication satellite and forms the backbone for sending and receiving data such as internet traffic. Current Feeder Links use Radio Frequencies, which is already causing a significant communication bottleneck and potentially limiting the growth of the overall EO market. Optical Feeder Links, which are currently non-existent, offer terabits/second data throughput, are secure from jamming and interception and offer unregulated use. This would greatly benefit communication satellites, such as the European Data Relay System to deliver Sentinel EO data in Real-Time for its growing user base and Value Added Services market sector.

mBryonics has developed a complete Optical Feeder Link system which is designed for SwaP-C (Size, Weight, and Power and Cost), industrialised manufacture and at a price point to meet the requirements of the growing commercial space industry and the rapidly growing small satellite market.
Recognition and enrichment of archival documents

The overall objective of READ is to implement a Virtual Research Environment where archivists, humanities scholars, computer scientists and volunteers are collaborating with the ultimate goal of boosting research, innovation, development and usage of cutting edge technology for the automated recognition, transcription, indexing and enrichment of handwritten archival documents. This Virtual Research Environment will not be built from the ground up, but will benefit from research, tools, data and resources generated in multiple national and EU funded research and development projects and provide a basis for sustaining the network and the technology in the future. This ICT based e-infrastructure will address the Societal Challenge mentioned in Europe in a Changing World namely the ""transmission of European cultural heritage"" and the ""uses of the past"" as one of the core requirements of a reflective society. Based on research and innovation enabled by the READ Virtual Research Environment we will be able to explore and access hundreds of kilometres of archival documents via full-text search and therefore be able to open up one of the last hidden treasures of Europe's rich cultural hertitage.
State-of-the-Art of Transmission Protocols for Deep Space Communication Networks

With the development of space science and technologies the exploration of the deep space has become the most important and direct way of exploring the unidentified planets or space resources. The data gathered by the equipment of deep space exploration need to be sent back to the Earth exactly, and the network is in a reliable manner. The transmission protocol of the deep space communication network is by far one of the most challenging research fields, for example, long propagation, high BER (Bit Error Rate), intermittent connectivity and bandwidth asymmetry are four main difficulties. This paper will discusse the structure of the deep space communication network firstly, then analyse the transmission protocols of the deep space communication networks, finally sum up the key technologies of the transmission protocol of the deep space communication networks, such as hop by hop transport model, DTN etc., which may lay a foundation of its future.
A SECURITY MARKING METHOD AND COMPOSITION

A security marking method and composition as shown in Figs. 1-3, wherein a first marking (2) is applied to a surface of a substrate (1) with a mixture of a printing medium and a first composition, wherein the first marking is visible to an unaided human eye and is indistinguishable from a marking applied with the printing medium alone, to an unaided human eye when illuminated by visible light or ultraviolet light (4). A second composition (3) is added either with the mixture or thereafter, wherein the second composition is reactable with the first composition to fluoresce (2a) and wherein the fluorescing is only visible to an unaided human eye when illuminated by ultraviolet light (4).
Method and arrangement for stabilising operation of an impingement dryer

The invention relates to a method and arrangement for stabilising operation of an impingement dryer (1) in a paper or board machine or the like. The method comprises arranging air to be heated to enter a burner chamber (4) of the impingement (1) dryer through an air inlet opening (11) of the burner chamber (4), the air entering in an angle in relation to at least one burner head (7) in the burner chamber (4), the burner head (7) having a flame opening (8) in its first end, heating air in the burner chamber (4) by bringing the air into a contact with a flame (9), and transferring heated air from the burner chamber (4) to blowing members of the impingement dryer (1). Between the air inlet opening (11) of the burner chamber (4) and the flame opening (8) of the at least one burner head (7) is arranged, in the direction of the air flow, a guiding member (13) comprising at least one aperture, and the air flow, which enters through the air inlet opening (11) of the burner chamber (4) is divided so that a first air flow (14) travels through the at least one aperture of the guiding member (13) and a second air flow (15) travels through a gap (16) formed between the guiding member (13) and the burner head (7).
Microfluidics and BioMEMS in Silicon

Microfluidic systems handle nanoliters and picoliters of fluids, predominantly liquids, but also vapors, gases and microplasmas. Microfluidic systems are characterized by huge surface-to-volume ratios which mean that surface interactions are important; small sizes that allow rapid diffusion and efficient heat transfer; and easy fabrication of complex channel geometries and parallelization. BioMEMS, defined as study of biomolecules, cells and tissue using microfabricated systems, are aqueous microfluidic systems. Multiphase systems, with aqueous droplets embedded in a stream of oil, allow ultimate miniaturization with a volume in the picoliter range. Inkjet printers, a silicon microfluidic device class invented in the 1970s, also produce droplets of picoliter volumes. In this chapter we will discuss the benefits of using silicon as the material for microfluidic devices. Silicon properties and microfabrication possibilities are explored, with applications in microreactors, nozzle and droplet generator systems, and various chemical and biochemical separation systems.
Social preferences, well-being and policy

The goal of my project is to develop advanced research into the foundations of social preferences and well-being. If high value is placed on social cooperation and well-being for human development, then it becomes an urgent task to elaborate appropriate theories and measures, to understand their foundations, and to identify policies that will enhance them. 
 I will advance this research in three steps: 1) The first stage will break new ground in the theory and measurement of social preferences and well-being, by exploiting the ""Big Data"" revolution and exporting behavioral economics into the field with online representative samples of societies and organizations. 2) The next stage will exploit those new large-scale behavioral measures to analyze the foundations of social preferences, sorting out the role of social cognition, individual life experience and social norms. 3) The third step will be to evaluate how policy affects social preferences and well-being, and in particular in the realms of education, employment and institutions. This project will yield proposals for a new agenda in the assessment of policies, by integrating criteria based on their impact on social cooperation and happiness. 
I will propose cutting-edge methods to carry out this research. First I will use the revolutionary possibilities  of Big Data to test theories of happiness by exploiting high-frequency behavioral measurements of well-being from Web 2.0. Second I will use computational sciences to develop an online laboratory aimed at studying social behaviors on representative samples of the population and how they relate with real world production and policy, thus addressing the lack of external validity that currently hampers experimental economics. Last, I will combine these new measurements of behavior with randomized trials, in order to assess policy within a new paradigm based on social preferences and well-being. My research is both theoretical, empirical and trans-disciplinary.
Improved pasture and herd management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from a Brazilian beef production system

Abstract Brazilian farms produce 15% of the world׳s beef, and consequently they are important sources of greenhouse gases (GHG). The beef sector faces the challenge to meet the increasing demand without further increase of GHG emissions. To reduce the pressure on forests it is essential that farmers are provided with sustainable options of intensification of pasture growth and cattle production. The improvement of the whole-farm beef production system is essential to reduce emissions from all relevant sources, like land use, land use change and livestock. The main objective was to quantify the GHG gas emissions of different beef production systems in Brazil. Therefore we developed a whole farm model that allowed us to calculate GHG emissions from all-important sources (only “on-farm” i.e., not considering emissions from the production of fertilizer, lime or other inputs) for a beef production system in Brazil. We studied the effects of intensification in several steps, starting with a baseline extensive system, followed by four steps of intensification. The main differences between the scenarios are related to pasture management, i.e. continuous or rotational grazing, pasture condition, stocking rate, use of lime and fertilizer, and irrigation; and animal performance, i.e. calving interval, age at first calving, conception rate, total life time until slaughter, and genetic improvement. Compared to the baseline extensive scenario, the total pasture area decreased up to 92% in the most intensified system, while beef production nearly doubled. Intensification increased the number of calves, steers and heifers decreased the total production cycle time and the slaughter age of the steers. Overall, the emission of kg CO 2 eq kg carcass −1 was lower with increasing intensification, with an average of 41 kg CO 2 eq kg carcass −1 . The emissions of CH 4 decreased, while the emissions of N 2 O and CO 2 increased due to nitrogen fertilizer and lime application. The intensification of beef production, through improved pasture and herd management, reduced the GHG emissions per kg of beef from 2% to 57%. The complete cycle of beef production in intensified systems required less time (years) and area (ha), and may thus help to alleviate the pressure on forests.
Achievement of three year remission in a case of aggressive glioblastoma using a multidisciplinary treatment strategy: A case report

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common type of malignant tumor of the central nervous system and, despite extensive research, its prognosis is poor. Although recent advances have been made in the treatment of GB with aggressive resection combined with radiochemotherapy, more than three-quarters of GB patients succumb to the disease within two years. The current study presents a highly aggressive case of small cell GB as diagnosed by histological features and immunohistochemistry for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1-R132H and p53. The patient was treated using a multidisciplinary treatment strategy, which included temozolomide, CyberKnife radiotherapy and autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccination. In addition, the patient developed radiation necrosis, which was treated with bevacizumab. In conclusion, three years following the initial diagnosis, the patient continues to experience a successful clinical course, and the observations of the current study demonstrate that a multidisciplinary treatment strategy may be effective for the treatment of aggressive GB.
Development of continuous two-dimensional defect-free materials by liquid-metal catalytic routes

Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, silicene and others, are currently amongst the most intensively studied classes of materials that hold great promise for future applications in many technological areas. However, the main hurdle against practical utilization of 2DMs is the lack of effective mass production techniques to satisfy the growing qualitative and quantitative demands for scientific and technological applications. The current state-of-the-art synthesis method of 2DMs involves the dissociative adsorption of gas-phase precursors on a solid catalyst. This process is slow by nature, inefficient, and environmentally unfriendly.
Our analysis and recent experimental evidence suggest that using liquid metal catalysts (LMCats) instead of solid ones bears the prospect of a continuous production of 2DMs with unprecedented quality and production speed. However, the current knowledge about the catalytic properties of LMCats is extremely poor, as they had no technological significance in the past. In fact, there exist no well-established experimental facilities, nor theoretical frameworks to study the ongoing chemical reactions on a molten surface at elevated temperatures and under a reactive gas atmosphere. 
Our aim is to establish a central lab under supervision/collaboration of several scientific/engineering teams across Europe to develop an instrumentation/methodology capable of studying the ongoing chemical reactions on the molten catalyst, with the goal to open two new lines of research, namely in situ investigations on the catalytic activity of LMCats in general, and unravelling the growth mechanisms of 2DMs on LMCat surfaces in specific. The gained knowledge will be used to establish the first efficient mass production method for 2DMs using the new LMCat technology. This will open up the possibility of exploiting the unique properties of 2DMs on an industrial scale and in every day devices.
The role of culture on self-employment

Abstract This work examines the effect of cultural differences on self-employment. All the individuals considered in the analysis are second-generation immigrants who were born and live under the same laws and institutions in the US. Following an epidemiological approach, the variation in self-employment rates by ancestors' national origin can be considered as supporting evidence of the effect of culture on self-employment. Our results show that culture has quantitatively significant effects on self-employment. This finding is robust to alternative specifications and to the introduction of several controls. Additional analysis shows that there are differences in the impact of culture on self-employment by gender, in that men are more sensitive than women to culture; and by economic activity, in that those individuals involved in professional, scientific, and technical activities, and those in accommodation and food service activities, are more affected by the impact of cultural differences. We also examine the transmission of culture, observing an important role of the inter-generational transfer of culture, although the impact of culture on self-employment diminishes from generation to generation.