SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Capsizing ice caps: identifying tipping points through global modelling

Ice caps have been major contributors to sea-level rise over the past decades and also in the coming century they are projected to further lose a substantial part of their volume, maintaining their position as one of the main sea-level rise contributors. One of the drawbacks of these projections, however, is that they are based on approaches that strongly simplify ice cap processes by relying on volume-area scaling methods or parameterisations derived from observations on mountain glaciers. Consequently, these projections fail to provide insights on feedback processes that can have an important impact on the future evolution of ice caps.

Within this project, I want to implement GloCAP3D, the first global 3-D ice cap evolution model in which surface mass balance and ice dynamics are explicitly accounted for, in order to improve future projections of ice caps. Firstly, I will focus on calibrating GloCAP3D, which is a crucial step to ensure accurate future ice cap projections. For this, remote sensing products and other increasingly available datasets will be included. Secondly, I will assess the role of tipping points in the future evolution of ice caps and identify potential points-of-no-return, beyond which the loss of individual ice caps is irreversible. Particular focus will be on tipping points related to the surface mass balance - elevation feedback and on tipping points resulting from a potential strong reduction in the refreezing potential. The incorporation of ice dynamics will also allow to further quantify the mass loss through frontal calving, which can regionally be a major annual mass loss driver. Finally, through this novel interdisciplinary approach it will be possible to provide improved estimates on the future sea-level contribution from ice caps. Given project’s unique nature, its outcome is anticipated to be pivotal for a number of future works, including the upcoming Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Report.
METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING/DISMOUNTING COMPONENTS OF A WIND POWER PLANT

The invention relates to a wind power plant and a method for assembling/dismounting components of a wind power plant. The aim of the invention is for a crane to be required to a lesser extent during assembly/dismounting of components of a wind power plant. Said aim is achieved by providing the inventive wind power plant with at least one rope passage (35, 36, 37, 38) in the area of the tower head (14), through which a traction rope (20) of a winch (22,18) is guided. Said aim is also achieved by a method for assembling/dismounting components of a wind power plant, comprising the following steps: - a traction rope (20) is directed from the winch (22, 18) to at least one deflecting roller (24) that is located in the area of the tower head and then to the component that is to be assembled/dismounted; - the traction rope is mounted on the component; and - the component is detached and lowered or raised and fastened. The invention is based on the fact that at least some of the components of a wind power plant can be assembled or replaced without the aid of a crane by using a suitable lifting device. The inventive solution allows technically complex additional installations to be dispensed with on any wind power plant while making a versatile lifting device available quickly and at a low expense.
Vers un observatoire des pratiques et des apprentissages du français en Amérique latine : contexte et motivations

Le projet d’un observatoire des pratiques et des apprentissages du français en Amérique latine est ici décrit, expliqué et défendu afin de communiquer à ceux qui s’y intéressent comment et pourquoi il est susceptible d’enrichir les connaissances et les prises de décision dans le domaine des politiques linguistiques éducatives.
The Forgotten History of African American Baseball

This text gives readers the chance to experience the unique character and personalities of the African American game of baseball in the United States, starting from the time of slavery, through the Negro Leagues and integration period, and beyond. For 100 years, African Americans were barred from playing in the premier baseball leagues of the United States-where only Caucasians were allowed. Talented black athletes until the 1950s were largely limited to only playing in Negro leagues, or possibly playing against white teams in exhibition, post-season play, or barnstorming contests-if it was deemed profitable for the white hosts. Even so, the people and events of Jim Crow baseball had incredible beauty, richness, and quality of play and character. The deep significance of Negro baseball leagues in establishing the texture of American history is an experience that cannot be allowed to slip away and be forgotten. This book takes readers from the origins of African Americans playing the American game of baseball on southern plantations in the pre-Civil War era through Black baseball and America's long era of Jim Crow segregation to the significance of Black baseball within our modern-day, post-Civil Rights Movement perspective. Presents a wide variety of original materials, documents, and historic images, including a never before published certificate making Frederick Douglass an honorary member of an early Black baseball team and author-conducted personal interviews Chronological chapter organization clearly portrays the development of Black baseball in America over a century's time Contains a unique collection of period photographs depicting the people and sites of Black baseball A topical bibliography points readers towards literature of Black baseball and related topics
High temperature characterization and modelling of thermoplastic composites

Heat and fire cause more damage on composites than on metallic counterparts. In order to improve the current epoxy based composites behavior under thermal affection, an alternative is going be addressed: thermoplastic composites.
Additionally, the sector is making a transition to a more electric aircraft, increasing the thermal affection on the structure since the number of heat & fire sources.
Hence, there are several reasons behind the drastic shift from aluminum and steel to thermoplastics: weight reduction, better fuel economy and lower operation costs, emissions reduction, corrosion and fatigue resistance or, in some cases, flame resistance and retardancy . 
The framework of this topic is AIRFRAME ITD Work Package B-2.1 and B-2.2 whose objective is to achieve lighter and more cost effective structures. In this line, current tendency at A/C level is to increase the structural contribution of the more efficient composites substituting metallic structures, developing fuselages with optimized usage of volume and minimized weight, cost and environmental impact.
Under this framework, the research project HITCOMP aims to characterize the behaviour, under fire and thermal affection, of new high performance  thermoplastic composites based on PAEK family resins, for comparison to the current thermoset, epoxy based, composites. HITCOMP aims as well to establish an innovative methodology allowing an affordable characterization of thermoplastics and the prediction of their behaviour and resistence when submitted to fire or high temperature events and to mechanical load. For this purpose, a thermo-mechanical model based on FEM permitting an innovative “virtual” characterization of specimens will be developed. An innovative testing lab based on two co-registrated IR cameras will be developed too. It will allow accurate, non-intrusive measurements of the actual temperature of both sides of the samples during the fire tests and for the adjustment and validation of the model.
Bohrvorrichtung zum Erstellen einer Bohrung und System zum Positionieren der Bohrvorrichtung

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bohrvorrichtung zum Erstellen einer Bohrung für einen Gründungspfahl zur Gründung eines Bauwerkes in einem Gewässer mit einem Bohrwerkzeug, das an einem bewegbaren Arm angeordnet ist, mit einer Verspannvorrichtung, die zum Verspannen der Bohrvorrichtung im Gründungspfahl ausgelegt ist, die am oberen Ende angeordnet ist und die ein als Widerlager fungierendes Klemmelement aufweist, wobei die Verspannvorrichtung einen Arm aufweist, an dem das Klemmelement angeordnet ist, wobei der Arm der Verspannvorrichtung mittels eines Antriebs von einer ersten Position zu einer zweiten Position verschwenkbar ist, bei der sich das Klemmelement mit der Wand des Gründungspfahls im Eingriff befindet. Die Erfindung schlägt vor, dass eine Führungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, die zum Führen der Bohrvorrichtung im Gründungspfahl ausgelegt ist, die mit einem ersten Ende am unteren Körper angeordnet ist und die an ihrem zweiten Ende ein Gleitelement aufweist, dass die Führungsvorrichtung einen Arm aufweist, an dem das Gleitelement angeordnet ist, wobei der Arm der Führungsvorrichtung mittels eines Antriebs von einer ersten Position zu einer zweiten Position verschwenkbar ist, bei der sich das Gleitelement mit der Wand der Gründungspfahls im Eingriff befindet.
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING DESIGN

Hydraulic fracturing design is provided. In one possible implementation, a computer-readable tangible medium includes instructions directing a processor to access initial conditions of a wellbore as well as potential completion types. The computer-readable tangible medium also has instructions directing the processor to determine a desirable finalized fracturing design for the wellbore by iteratively varying one or more fracturing properties for each of the potential completion types.
IMPACTO DA COVID-19 NAS POPULAÇÕES INDÍGENAS DO TOCANTINS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA.

Introdução: Retrospectivamente, a chegada europeia em terras brasileiras era precedida do ideal de um ambiente destituído de vulnerabilidades. No cerne das patologias que acometem esses povos, os dados históricos anteriormente contextualizados reforçam potenciais surtos epidêmicos, como o de 2009, provocado pelo vírus H1N1 e agora a COVID-19. Nesse contexto, apesar de existirem modelos organizacionais e adaptações em saúde para os povos indígenas, as elevadas taxas de óbito são mais uma confirmação de evidências recentes que demonstraram que a introdução de vírus nessas comunidades apresenta um número maior de mortes. Objetivo: abordar os impactos da pandemia do COVID-19 na população indígena tocantinense e identificar as principais vulnerabilidades enfrentadas pela população indígena do Tocantins. Método: O presente estudo se caracteriza como uma revisão integrativa que buscou apresentar análise crítica acerca da temática sobre o Impacto da COVID-19 nas Populações Indígenas do Tocantins, entre o período março de 2020 à abril de 2021. Resultados: Desde o primeiro caso, até 27 de abril de 2021, foram registrados pelo Ministério da Saúde 657 óbitos por COVID-19 na população indígena brasileira. No Estado do Tocantins, durante o mesmo período, foram confirmados 1.195 casos, destes, 10 morreram. Conclusão: A COVID – 19 na população indígena é um problema maior, pois os povos indígenas são mais vulneráveis as doenças infectocontagiosas devido aos seus costumes e hábitos de vida.&#x0D; Palavras-chave: infecções por coronavírus; saúde de populações indígenas
PLASMA LAMP WITH LUMPED COMPONENTS

An electrodeless plasma lamp is provided. The lamp includes a conductive enclosure including a dielectric material (e.g., air) and a bulb containing a fill to form a light emitting plasma. A radio frequency (RF) power source is coupled into the enclosure. At least one conductive applicator applies power from the enclosure to the bulb and at least one lumped inductive element is coupled between the RF feed and applicator. The lumped inductive element may be a helically wound coil. In an example embodiment, the lamp includes first and second lumped inductive elements. The first and second lumped inductive elements may extend from opposed end walls of the enclosure. The first lumped inductive element may be connected to a first conductive applicator located proximate a first end of the bulb and the second lumped inductive element may be connected to a second conductive applicator located proximate a second end of the bulb.
Impact of preterm birth on the developing myocardium of the neonate

BackgroundGlobally, ∼10% of infants are born before full term. Preterm birth exposes the heart to the demands of postnatal cardiovascular function before cardiac development is complete. Our aim was to examine, in hearts collected from infants at autopsy, the effects of preterm birth on myocardial structure and on cardiomyocyte development.Methods and resultsHeart tissue was collected at perinatal autopsies of 16 infants who died following preterm birth between 23 and 36 weeks of gestation, and survived for 1-42 days; the hearts of 37 appropriately grown stillborn infants, aged 20-40 weeks of gestation, were used for comparison. Using confocal microscopy and image analysis, cardiomyocyte proliferation, maturation, ploidy, and size were quantified, and interstitial collagen and myocardial capillarization were measured. Preterm birth resulted in a marked reduction in the proliferation of cardiomyocytes relative to age-matched stillborn infant controls (preterm vs. control P<0.0001). In contrast, preterm birth did not affect heart weight, capillarization, interstitial collagen or cardiomyocyte maturation, ploidy, and size.ConclusionsPreterm birth appears to lead to an abrupt reduction in cardiomyocyte cell division. This reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation in preterm infants may adversely impact upon the final number of cardiomyocytes which may reduce cardiac functional reserve, and impair the reparative capacity of the myocardium.
Immobilized proteins in porous materials – structural studies by pulse epr dipolar spectroscopy

Nature is by far the most versatile chemist and modern research efforts have harnessed the power of Nature by using biomolecules such as proteins as building blocks or targets for various technological applications. In many cases the immobilization of a protein in a synthetic matrix is essential. In particular protein-porous material hybrids have received much attention but their preparation have been non-trivial, often limited by the size compatibility between the pore and the protein and the surface properties. The quest for a suitable protein-matrix combination not only requires extensive synthetic optimization, but also the development of appropriate methodologies that can be used to determine the effect of the matrix on the structure and stability of the protein. In this multidisciplinary action, the stabilities, structures and dynamics of heme proteins (globins) immobilized in mesoporous silica or titania will be studied by EPR. This class of hybrid materials are themselves also of great interest because of potential electrochemical biosensing and biocatalysis applications. Novel orthogonally spin-labeled globins will be prepared and incorporated into (modified) mesoporous silica and titania. Pulse dipolar spectroscopy will be used to measure nanometric distance constraints within the free and immobilized globins. Combined with computational models, these measurements will provide unique insights into effects of incorporation on the tertiary structures and conformational flexibilities of the proteins. This action will not only result in the development of a generic analytical toolbox, based on spin-label EPR, for the characterization of proteins immobilized in matrices, but also lead to advances in the understanding and preparation of protein-porous material hybrids.
Topological many-body states with ultracold rydberg atoms

Understanding and controlling quantum matter is a key challenge for basic research and for the development of applications. The richness of quantum physics is notoriously difficult to handle for strong interactions, usually leading to massive entanglement between particles, especially when it is associated with a nontrivial topology of the Hamiltonian. The realization of well-controlled experiments probing strongly correlated quantum matter is thus a major objective to explore these perspectives.  In this project, I will investigate many-body states of quantum matter in- and out-of-equilibrium. I will study the interplay between topology and interactions in tailored model systems and explore new quantum phases of matter. I will focus on two main objectives: (i) The study of dynamical properties of strongly interacting 1D Bose gases using quantum transport experiments. (ii) The realization of fractional Chern insulator states in topological lattices. These objectives will be achieved thanks to ultracold gases of Rydberg atoms, where the excellent control of quantum gases is extended thanks to the strong interactions between Rydberg particles.
Tuft Flow Visualisation on UTM-LST VFE-2 Delta Wing Model Configuration at High Angle of Attacks

This paper reports on flow visualisation and surface pressure measurements over the upper surface of a blunt-edged delta wing model at high angles of attack. The flow structure above the upper surface of the blunt-edged delta wing was found to be different compared to delta wing with sharp leading edge. The flow becomes more complicated especially in the leading edge region of the wing. Currently, there is no data available to verify if the primary vortex could reach the apex of the wing when the angle of attack is further increased. Most prior experiments were performed at the angles of attack, α, below 23° with only a few experiments that had gone to α = 27°. These prior experiments and some CFD works stipulated that the attached flow continue to exist in the apex region of the delta wing even at very high angles of attack above 23°. In order to verify this hypothesis, several experiments at high angles of attack were conducted in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Low Speed wind Tunnel (UTM–LST), using a specially constructed VFE2 wing model equipped with blunt leading edges. This series of experiments employed two measurement techniques; the first was the long tuft flow visualisation method, followed by surface pressure measurements. The experiments were performed at Reynolds numbers of 1.0×106 and 1.5×106. During these experiments, several interesting flow characteristics were observed at high angles of attack, mainly that the flow became more sensitive to changes in Reynolds number and the angles of attack of the wing. When the Reynolds number increased from 1×106 to 1.5×106, the upstream progression of the initial point of the main vortex was relatively delayed compared to the sharp-edged delta wing. The experiments also showed that the flow continued to be attached in the apex region up to α = 27º.
SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOME SOIL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FOR ALLUVIAL SOILS BETWEEN EUPHRATES AND TIGRIS USING TIME SERIES ANALYSIS.

Spatial variability of some soil physical and chemical properties were studied for 31 km transect between Euphrates and Tigris the central concept of every unit map was detected.  The pedons are morphologically described and soil sample were collected from the horizons and prepared for laboratory analysis. Particle size distribution, bulk density, soil salinity, exchangeable sodium Percentage, total carbonate and cation exchange capacity were measured. Ten time series models were postulated to identify the suitable model by AIC and to determine the model parameters and calculates the coefficient of variance.   The results showed that the coefficient of variance ranged between 5.95-120.04% , 4.89-8.37% , 104.1-109.9 % for percentage of sand , silt and clay respectively . The time series analysis showed that there are suitable model MA(1) for sand variation and AR(1) for silt and clay , while the suitable models for chemical properties were AR(1) for soil salinity variation with coefficient of variation 23.9-42% , ARMA (1,1) for ESP variation for Ap and C2 horizon while AR(1) , MA(1) and MA(2) for CEC and total carbonates.   The results of autocorrelation were low 0.188-0.488 for all studied properties, the autocorrelation were high at 250m for percentage of sand, EC, total carbonate and ESP, while the highest value was 10000 m for bulk density.
Experiences of pregnancy and motherhood among teenage mothers in a suburb of Accra, Ghana: a qualitative study

The proportion of teenage girls who are mothers or who are currently pregnant in sub-Saharan African countries is staggering. There are many studies regarding teenage pregnancy, unsafe abortions, and family planning among teenagers, but very little is known about what happens after pregnancy, ie, the experience of teenage motherhood. Several studies in Ghana have identified the determinants of early sexual activity, contraception, and unsafe abortion, with teenage motherhood only mentioned in passing. Few studies have explored the experiences of adolescent mothers in detail with regard to their pregnancy and childbirth. This qualitative study explores the experiences of adolescent mothers during pregnancy, childbirth, and care of their newborns.This qualitative study was based on data from focus group discussions and indepth interviews with teenage mothers in a suburb in Accra. Participants were recruited from health facilities as well as by snowball sampling.Some of the participants became pregnant as a result of transactional sex in order to meet their basic needs, while others became pregnant as a result of sexual violence and exploitation. A few others wanted to become pregnant to command respect from people in society. In nearly all cases, parents and guardians of the adolescent mothers were upset in the initial stages when they heard the news of the pregnancy. One key finding, quite different from in other societies, was how often teenage pregnancies are eventually accepted, by both the young women and their families. Also observed was a rarity of willingness to resort to induced abortion.Special programs should be initiated by the government and the various responsible departments to address ignorance on sexual matters, and the challenges and risks associated with pregnancy and parenting by adolescents. Parenting techniques should be taught in sex education programs.
Determinants of Direct Marketing Strategy Adoption by Agro SMEs’ in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana

The study investigates the determinants of direct marketing strategy (DMS) adoption and its effect on gross sales of agro SMEs in the wake of the government’s industrialization efforts. A multistage sampling was used to select 120 agro SMEs in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, and the study took place between August 2011 and June 2012. Out of the 120 Agro SMEs’ sampled, 39 firms were involved in processing level 1, 39 firms processing level 2 and 40 firms in processing level 3. A t-test was used to test the means of gross sales over the study period, of DMS adopting firms and non adopting firms. The double hurdle approach was used first to determine factors that influence SMEs adoption of DMS and second, to assess the effect of adoption on the gross sales of adopting firms. The results showed that DMS enhances growth in sales, since DMS adopting SMEs increased their gross sales significantly as compared to non adopting SMEs. The factors identified to influence the adoption of a DMS positively were, the processing level of product, location, organised structure of firm, type of packaging; whilst free zones status, Research Article Setsoafia et al.; AJAEES, Article no. AJAEES.2013.001 106 use of wholesaler/distributors and internet use, negatively influenced adoption. The impacts of processing level engaged in, age of owner, packaging, and organized structure of firm; on the gross sales from DMS were estimated. Conclusion: In conclusion, the adoption DMS enhances growth of Agro SMEs’, when it is undertaken by organized firms involved in level 3 processing, located in urban areas. The study, recommends among others, encouragement in the adoption of DMS by stake holders such as MoFA, MoTI, NGOs, and DMS specific training should be given to agro SMEs.