SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Economic comparison of a continuous ABE fermentation with and without the integration of an in situ vacuum separation unit

The development of renewable fuels has achieved enormous progress motivated by the rapid decline in petroleum resources and their oscillating price. After a wave of interest in bioethanol and biodiesel, biobutanol has been intensely investigated over the last decade and is considered a suitable renewable fuel. Biobutanol is most often produced through the Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) bacterial fermentation process. This process is plagued, however, with high recovery costs because of the low final butanol concentration (∼0.01 g/g, 1 wt %) due to product inhibition on the microorganisms. To partly alleviate this problem and increase productivity, in situ butanol recovery techniques from the fermentation broth were proposed. These integrated methods increase the final concentration of butanol, and as a result improve the separation efficiency of the process. This paper compares the economic feasibility of a large-scale continuous ABE fermentation process with and without integrating a vacuum separation unit. It is illustrated that based on the current market price of butanol, only the integrated fermentation process is economically feasible for discount rates up to ∼45 %. Adding an in situ butanol recovery technique made this process profitable compared to the conventional fermentation process analyzed under two different scenarios: constant fermenter volume and constant butanol production rate. The net present values (NPV) of the conventional process were found to be negative for both scenarios, whereas the integrated vacuum process had a NPV of US$ 87 000 000 at the end of 10 years of operation based on a discount rate of 10 %.
Characterization and Scope of S-layer Protein O-Glycosylation in Tannerella forsythia

Cell surface glycosylation is an important element in defining the life of pathogenic bacteria. Tannerella forsythia is a Gram-negative, anaerobic periodontal pathogen inhabiting the subgingival plaque biofilms. It is completely covered by a two-dimensional crystalline surface layer (S-layer) composed of two glycoproteins. Although the S-layer has previously been shown to delay the bacterium's recognition by the innate immune system, we characterize here the S-layer protein O-glycosylation as a potential virulence factor. The T. forsythia S-layer glycan was elucidated by a combination of electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as an oligosaccharide with the structure 4-Me-β-ManpNAcCONH(2)-(1→3)-[Pse5Am7Gc-(2→4)-]-β-ManpNAcA-(1→4)-[4-Me-α-Galp-(1→2)-]-α-Fucp-(1→4)-[-α-Xylp-(1→3)-]-β-GlcpA-(1→3)-[-β-Digp-(1→2)-]-α-Galp, which is O-glycosidically linked to distinct serine and threonine residues within the three-amino acid motif (D)(S/T)(A/I/L/M/T/V) on either S-layer protein. This S-layer glycan obviously impacts the life style of T. forsythia because increased biofilm formation of an UDP-N-acetylmannosaminuronic acid dehydrogenase mutant can be correlated with the presence of truncated S-layer glycans. We found that several other proteins of T. forsythia are modified with that specific oligosaccharide. Proteomics identified two of them as being among previously classified antigenic outer membrane proteins that are up-regulated under biofilm conditions, in addition to two predicted antigenic lipoproteins. Theoretical analysis of the S-layer O-glycosylation of T. forsythia indicates the involvement of a 6.8-kb gene locus that is conserved among different bacteria from the Bacteroidetes phylum. Together, these findings reveal the presence of a protein O-glycosylation system in T. forsythia that is essential for creating a rich glycoproteome pinpointing a possible relevance for the virulence of this bacterium.
Energy filtering non-equilibrium devices

This project aims for revolutionary energy filtering nano-devices for information and communications technology (ICT). It is at the intersection of phononics, photonics, nanoscale electro-thermal devices and molecular engineering. By building new energy filtering devices down to molecular scales we aim to generate new knowledge and understanding of the electronic, phononic and near-field energy/heat fluxes at the fundamental limits of nano-scale energy management, and to demonstrate novel proof-of-concept non-equilibrium phonon engineered electro-thermal devices in real applications. The efficient nano-scale thermal management necessitate developing new theoretical and experimental tools for understanding and mastering the individual non-equilibrium energy/particle channels and inter-channel couplings. Control of the physical mechanisms behind non-equilibrium electronic energy filtering effects will be firstly addressed by non-linear transport in molecular junctions by developing new research tools that combine state-of-the-art molecular synthesis, bolometers, scanning probe microscopy technologies and theoretical modelling. In parallel with the molecular bottom-up approach, we will work with scalable thermionic nano-junctions, which not only have great technological potential of their own but also serve as a model system for the molecular devices. By employing non-linear out of equilibrium electro-thermal effects in molecular and scaled-down junction systems, we pursue the realization of proof-of-concept ICT devices utilizing these technologies within the time span of the project. This project will combine synergies in theory, experiment and technology-development covering different fields from chemistry to electronics. The project partners, who are leaders in their respective fields, form a consortium that is uniquely positioned to achieve the ambitious objectives.
Early diagnosis and better rhythm management to improve outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: the 8th AFNET/EHRA consensus conference

Despite marked progress in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), detecting AF remains difficult and AF-related complications cause unacceptable morbidity and mortality even on optimal current therapy. This document summarizes the key outcomes of the 8th AFNET/EHRA Consensus Conference of the Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET) and the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Eighty-three international experts met in Hamburg for 2 days in October 2021. Results of the interdisciplinary, hybrid discussions in breakout groups and the plenary based on recently published and unpublished observations are summarized in this consensus paper to support improved care for patients with AF by guiding prevention, individualized management, and research strategies. The main outcomes are (i) new evidence supports a simple, scalable, and pragmatic population-based AF screening pathway; (ii) rhythm management is evolving from therapy aimed at improving symptoms to an integrated domain in the prevention of AF-related outcomes, especially in patients with recently diagnosed AF; (iii) improved characterization of atrial cardiomyopathy may help to identify patients in need for therapy; (iv) standardized assessment of cognitive function in patients with AF could lead to improvement in patient outcomes; and (v) artificial intelligence (AI) can support all of the above aims, but requires advanced interdisciplinary knowledge and collaboration as well as a better medico-legal framework. Implementation of new evidence-based approaches to AF screening and rhythm management can improve outcomes in patients with AF. Additional benefits are possible with further efforts to identify and target atrial cardiomyopathy and cognitive impairment, which can be facilitated by AI.
Gpcr exploitation to unlock the power of brown/beige adipose tissue

Hundreds of millions of people suffer from obesity and diabetes worldwide. These diseases diminish both life quality and expectancy and new treatment strategies are desperately needed. One possible approach is to target the calorie-burning and glucose-consuming functions of brown and beige adipose tissue (B/BAT). Previous attempts to harness the therapeutic potential of B/BAT have largely focused on the β-adrenergic class of G protein-coupled receptors (GCPRs). Unfortunately, these methods are hindered by adverse cardiovascular side effects linked to adrenergic activation. Therefore, uncovering non-adrenergic alternatives to exploit B/BAT for treating metabolic disease holds the potential for enormous societal and economic benefit.

Here, we propose the activation of one such non-adrenergic GPCR on B/BAT as a means to treat obesity and diabetes. We identified this GPCR from a screen of B/BAT receptors performed in my ERC Starting Grant project, aCROBAT. We found that treating brown adipose cells with the peptide ligand for this GPCR increased oxygen consumption. We recognized the therapeutic potential after observing that ligand administration in vivo lowered bodyweight and improved insulin sensitivity in obese mice. However, the resources required to develop this discovery into a tangible innovation extend beyond the scope of aCROBAT.

Consequently, I’m applying for an ERC PoC grant for critical support to take the initial steps to commercial application. Specifically, we seek to strengthen our IP position by developing patentable, longer-lived analogues of the ligand. Importantly, we will test these lead compounds head-to-head and in combination with current treatment options. We have assembled a team of experts to address key aspects from peptide design and pharmacology to IPR strategy and commercial development. Combined with our validated in vitro and in vivo testing platforms, we are ideally poised to maximize innovation potential.
Sustainable management of the systems Posidonia-beaches in the Mediterranean region

Residues of seagrass Posidonia oceanica beached in tourist zones represent often a problem in the Mediterranean. Similarly to seagrass meadows, the leaf debris help to reduce the swell´s energy and can act as a seedbank for dune formation increasing the overall resilience of the coast to natural and climate change effects. However, to ensure that the coasts and beaches remain attractive for tourism, tones of this material are removed and disposed by administrations in many coastal areas, including protected areas (PA). There is a lack of public awareness of the benefits of this natural capital and a strong need for strengthening PA management capacity with adequate guidelines on how to effective manage it. Several local studies and EU projects have evaluated the ecosystem services that Posidonia and its structures, called banquettes, offer, developed tools for the management of banquettes and new ways to use them. By integrating these results and providing a transnational overview of the management practices, the perceptions of stakeholders across Mediterranean, POSBEMED aims to define a transnational joint management strategy for Posidonia beach/dunes systems. It also aims to offer common sustainable tools for local administrators and PA managers and develop a strategic model of integrated governance, which will link blue local growth to the conservation of this natural asset enhancing the integrated management of these coastal habitats (meadows-beaches-foredunes) within PAs.
STUDIES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF DUCT AND SUPERREFRACTION OVER INDIAN REGION

Cosmic GPS data for the years 2007 and 2008 is taken to analyze the occurrence of ducts and super refraction over Indian region corresponding to latitudes -5 o to 40 o and longitudes from 60 o to 100 o up to a height of 5Km from sea level. Number of duct regions, high duct strength regions and superrefraction regions are counted over Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and land regions. Arabian sea region has more number of duct regions during postmonsoon (September, October, and November), premonsoon (March, April, May) and winter (December, January, February) seasons and less number during summer monsoon (June, July, August,) season. More number of duct regions observed over Bay of Bengal during winter than other seasons. Land region has more number of duct regions during post monsoon season. More number of superrefraction regions occurs over Arabian Sea in pre monsoon season; over Bay of Bengal during winter and Pre monsoon seasons and over land region during post monsoon season. Majority of duct regions are found to occur at heights less than 1.5 Km and majority
The Use of Humor in Serious Mental Illness: A Review

There is now a relatively good understanding of the broad range of direct and indirect effects of humor and laughter on perceptions, attitudes, judgments and emotions, which can potentially benefit the physical and psychological state. This article presents a review and discussion of the use of humor and laughter in treating people with serious mental illness, distinguishing between clinical papers on individual and group psychotherapy, and empirical research reports describing humor and laughter interventions. In spite of the exponential growth of the field over the last 30 years, I conclude that empirical studies are still lacking, the studies that do exist have major methodological shortcomings, and the field is in dire need of further investigation.
From aquileia to singidunum (belgrade), reconstructing the paths of roman travelers

The RecRoad project aims to reconstruct the Roman road going from Aquileia, in the north-east of Italy, to Singidunum, on the Danube river. This was one of the main road axes of the Empire and it connected the Venetian area with the Pannonia Superior and the Danubian limes: the road was longer than 450 miles, passing through the Alps, it ran along the river Sava, crossing its course several times. The road's general layout can be followed in the itinerary sources but an attempt to accurately reconstruct the course of the road on the ground has never been tried before and may greatly improve our knowledge of the evolution of the territories that it crossed over the time. After an in-depth study of the original itinerary of the road, the project aims also at the analysis of the consequences of its construction on the landscape from different point of view (culture, settlement dynamics, religion, trade, …), so that better comprehension of the territorial and cultural connections, will be possible. To reach these goals, the project will consider and use all the sources and the new technologies avalaible to archaeologists, in a multi-disciplinary approach. All the collected and generated information will be geo-referenced and published in an online Atlas.
The main output of the project will be an interactive atlas available online, where it will be possible to visualize the reconstructed route in its geographical context, the reliability degree of the individual segments and the sources that were identified with reference to the single stretch of the road to which they pertain. In addition, new strategies and initiatives for the protection and knowledge dissemination will be developed. For the first time, all the sources today avalaible to archaeologists will be used to identify the original track of a Roman road and to study the importance of the consequences that its presence had on the territory and on the way ancient people conceived the landscape where they lived.
A DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING LANGUAGE

A device comprising a selection module for use in generating a natural language output based on a computer readable input, the selection module comprising: a classifier module, where the classifier module is trained such that when executed alongside a language generation logic the classifier module executes the steps of: receiving, one of one or more candidate words of a probability distribution and a current state of a decoder in a recurrent decoding process of the language generation logic; evaluating, based on the current state of the decoder, the received candidate word to determine if the word is likely to lead to a grammatically correct output; assigning a numerical value indicative of a level of grammatical correctness to the received candidate word; and outputting the assigned numerical value.
Recycling alkaline batteries into micronutrient fertilizer

The majority of alkaline battery recycling plants are working at maximum capacity and cannot cope with increasing demand. Safety issues, vast energy consumption and high process temperatures make smelting plants a dangerous and outdated technology. Battery manufacturers have produced and distributed over 10 billion alkaline batteries worldwide and the amount of used batteries increases at six percent annually. Many countries are unable to keep up with the environmental impacts. Fifty-one percent of global agricultural land and thus food plants globally suffer from micronutrient deficiency. Tracegrow introduces new recycling capabilities for alkaline battery and an innovative end product—micronutrient fertilizer. The proposed feasibility study enhances the company’s potential for international expansion and capability to create a new niche market in recycling used minerals into ecological soil micronutrients.
Sources of Information for Innovative Activity of Enterprises. Types, Importance, Measurement

Innovation determines expansion or just existence of enterprises. It’s an important element of competitive advantage and it is a characteristic that encourages customers to buy novelties. Unfortunately, with innovation activity closely related is uncertainty risk, that means insecurity that costly process of creating innovation solutions will succeed. By dint of necessity of high costs of innovation activity, only small percent of enterprises have their own research and development buck-up. More and more popular become external sources of information for innovative activity, such as: customers, research and development networks, conferences, scientist publications and journals. The paper presents sources of information used by polish enterprises in innovation activity, classify them and show its essence and importance. Main attention is put on sources, which according to modern theories of innovation and practice of innovative firms, are the most important, that means internal R&amp;D activity and customers. An additional value of the paper is a discussion on the ways and the sense of measure the influence of chosen sources of information on the process of creation innovations in companies.
Characterization of self-assembled decyl bis phosphonate–Collagen layers on titanium by QCM-D and osteoblast-compatibility

a b s t r a c t Quartz crystal microbalance dissipation (QCM-D) was used to monitor the layer by layer (LBL) selfassemble process of decyl bis phosphonate (DBP) and Collagen on titanium. The mass and viscoelastic properties of self-assembled layers were obtained using QCM-D. The stability of DBP and Collagen layer on titanium was tested to be very good. Osteoblasts cell culture was performed on LBL modified samples and that after BSA adsorption. The morphology of cells was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The total metabolic activity and differentiation of osteoblasts were evaluated by a metabolic assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. These tests showed that osteoblasts have better activity, proliferation, and differentiation on Collagen terminated samples and BSA adsorbed samples. These results, along with the good biomineralization and protein adsorption abilities of Ti/DBP/Collagen surface (tested in our previous work), suggest titanium modified by this layer by layer technique has the potential application for medical implants.
Impact of bronchodilator on pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in LAM

Rationale: Reduced exercise capacity in LAM patients is still slightly understood. As many patients have airflow obstruction and dynamic hyperinflation (DH) (abstract 4576, ATS 2010), bronchodilator (Bd) might be a plausible option. Objective: To evaluate the improvement with inhaled salbutamol in resting airflow obstruction, exercise tolerance and reversal of DH. Methods: 37 LAM patients (mean age 41±10 years; FEV1 79±24%pred; DLCO 68±24%pred) performed incremental CPET (incCPET) on cycle; decrease ≥ 10% in IC defined DH. So, a randomized double-blind crossover study (inhaled salbutamol x placebo) was done. After each intervention, they performed lung function (PFT) and endurance CPET (endCPET) (75% max work-rate). Exercise duration, Borg scale and IC were compared at isotime in endCPET after Bd and placebo. Results: 19 patients (51%) showed DH in incCPET, with max work-rate lower in DH group (93 × 115W, p=0.16) and higher values in Borg dyspnea (7 x 5, p=0.02). Compared to non-DH, DH group had lower DLCO (56 x 81%pred, p=0.001), lower FEV1 (76 x 89%pred, p=0.002) and greater RV/TLC (0.43 x 0.29, p Conclusion: DH during exercise is frequent in LAM and is associated with resting airflow obstruction, reduced exercise capacity and higher breathlessness. Short-term Bd may exert a potential beneficial effect in DH patients.
Treatment of copper deficient buffaloes through the application of parenteral copper

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment of copper deficiency, by parenteral route, in buffalo calves raised on the Marajó Island (PA). Fourteen animals were divided into two groups. Group 1 received three doses of 120 mg of copper glycinate (20mgCu/mL), intramuscularly, on days 1, 45 and 90; in the group 2 (control) the animals were Not supplemented with copper. In both groups liver biopsies were performed on days 1 and 135. The diagnosis of copper deficiency was established through history, clinical signs, and by the analysis of hepatic copper content. In group 1, the mean hepatic copper content increased from 17.4±5.84mg/kgDM (before administration) to 311.2±133.5mg/kgDM (after 135 days) (P&lt;0.05). In the control group, the mean of hepatic copper contents decreased from 17.1±3.4 to 9.11±1.1mg/kgDM at the end of the experiment (P&lt;0.05). Based on the results, it was demonstrated that the administration of copper, by parenteral route, was efficient in the treatment of copper deficiency in buffalo calves and could become a very promising option for the reality of buffalo producers on the Island of Marajó.
Synergistic Effects of Combination Treatment with Bortezomib and Doxorubicin in Human Neuroblastoma Cell Lines

Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in infants. Currently, the mainstay of NB chemotherapy is combination treatment with some traditional drugs, but these combination regimens are always inefficient.The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of a combination of doxorubicin and bortezomib, a novel anticancer drug and the first prote-asome inhibitor approved for the treatment of human malignant tumors, on the proliferation of two human NB cell lines, SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y. The general mechanism underlying this combined effect was also investigated. Synergistic inhibitory effects on human NB cell proliferation were evaluated using the median-effect principle. The pro-apoptotic effects of these drugs were evaluated using double staining with annexin-V-FITC and propidium iodide.Synergistic inhibitory effects on proliferation were observed when a combination of bortezomib and doxorubicin was applied to cultured NB cells. A similar synergistic effect on apoptosis was also observed when the two drugs were used concurrently, which suggested that the possible mechanism underlying the observed synergistic inhibitory effect might be related to apoptosis.The combination of bortezomib and doxorubicin appears to be a promising strategy to treat NB.