SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Magnon propagation in two dimensional magnets

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, are crystalline planar structures with weak out-of-plane van der Waals (vdW) forces. Such 2D materials are often associated with extraordinary electronic, optical, and thermoelectric properties, such as extremely high mobilities. Ever since the isolation of graphene, the first 2D material, by Novoselov and Geim in 2004, the family of 2D materials have expanded by hundreds. However, long-range ferromagnetic order is typically not sustainable in 2D due to enhanced fluctuations. Consequently, 2D vdW magnets was only realized as late as 2017. Hence, it was only recently feasible to conduct elusive experiments for exploration of ground states, fundamental excitations and propagation of spin waves. Magnons, which are a quanta of spin waves, are particularly interesting to investigate in these 2D vdW magnets. In 2D, they exhibit step-like function of density-of-states as opposed to a gradually increasing function in three dimensional magnets. Meanwhile, other remarkable discoveries in these 2D vdW magnets such as a giant tunneling magnetoresistance has also been reported to be in close relation with magnon physics. The proposal aims to pursue seminal work in magnon excitation and propagation in 2D vdW magnets and leverage the outcomes to preposition next-generation of electron devices. So far, no report exists in quantifying magnon propagation length in a true 2D material (one or a few monolayers). On the technological front, using magnons instead of electrons to carry information in electronic devices would provide a significant low-power alternative to the existing technologies. The other highlight of this proposed device is the use of electrical signal for both injection and detection, allowing easier integration with electronics components. Driven by these exciting scientific and technological objectives, the project aims to overcome multidisciplinary challenges in physics, instrumentation, material science and device design .
Elevating and Safeguarding Culture Using Tools of the Information Society: Dusty traces of the Muslim culture

Main objectives of the project ESCUTIS are the elevation and safeguarding of the traces of the Muslim-Ottoman cultural heritage from the 15th to the 20th century found in the western coasts of Greece (Epirus, Aitoloakarnania, Peloponnesus), Cyprus and SE Italy, using innovative Information & Communication Technologies (ICT). Expected outcomes are the development of a new, positive perception and attitude towards Muslims' cultural heritage and specifications for the exploitation ICTs in cultural domains. In Western Greece (Epirus, Aiotoloakarnania and North Western Peloponnesus) and in Cyprus, being at the frontiers of the historic Muslim-Ottoman world, and in South Eastern Italy as the Western European border in contact, a large amount of evidence exists that documents the history of a multicultural society. The cultural heritage traces of the Muslim community are of special interest. This heritage consists of monuments, urban and religious buildings, handicraft, fine art objects and documents that can be found in various locations. They have not as yet found their proper historical place as it is owed with regards to the international rules and regulations for administering and preserving cultural heritage as world’s cultural property. The purpose of the project ESCUTIS is the elevation, safeguarding and dissemination of the traces using innovative Information & Communication Technologies (ICT). Sub objectives of the program are the elaboration of methods for the dissemination of the cultural, historical and scientific knowledge, the exploitation of ICT, the connection of the historical knowledge with the capabilities of the new technologies, the probing of new methods of looking at historical events in particular those related to cultural heritage, the exchange of all the above within the regions of the EU.
Feasibility Study of Energy Hybrid Systems for Villages of the Southern Moroccan Coastline

In this paper technical and economic feasibility study of hybrid system with storage for a fishing village in the southern Moroccan coastline is carried out. The village under study can stand for most fishing villages of the area of southern Moroccan coastline. Since these villages might not have easy access to the national electricity grid, their energy needs are ensured by highly polluting generators with high energy generation cost in the long term. One of the solutions for decreasing power systems energy cost in these villages is installation of hybrid energy systems. In order to comprehend the viability of such systems, a pilot site was chosen: Lamhiriz, a small village of 4625 inhabitants with an annual consumption of 1.3 GWh. The new power system investigated for Lamhiriz village is diesel-wind hybrid system with electrochemical and thermal storages. First, energy consumption and wind potential of Lamhiriz are presented, then it comes the design of the hybrid system that was approached in two ways: a first configuration of the hybrid system is obtained by economical simulation on HOMER software. In a second step, the sizing problem is solved as an optimization problem where we try to minimize the cost of energy generated by each element of the system in order to meet the electrical demand. Once the optimum sizing obtained, the appropriate energy management is chosen. The GAMS software was used to approach the optimal sizing and energy management. The results found by both HOMER and GAMS are compared in order to see the one meeting the expectations of an optimized system. Energy cost results brought by the optimized hybrid system is compared with energy cost brought by a conventional diesel system.
Long Term Hedging of the Australian All Ordinaries Index Using a Bivariate Error Correction FIGARCH Model

This article compares the performance of bivariate error correction GARCH and FIGARCH models when estimating long term dynamic minimum variance hedge ratios (MVHRs) on the Australian All Ordinaries Index. The paper therefore introduces the bivariate error correction FIGARCH model into the hedging literature, which to date has only employed the GARCH class of processes. This is important for those interested in managing long term equity exposures, given that FIGARCH processes exhibit long memory, whilst the GARCH class of processes exhibit short memory. The naive hedge ratio, the constant MVHR estimated via ordinary least squares (the OLS MVHR), the single period dynamic MVHR and the multi-period dynamic MVHR of Lee (1999) are considered. The results strongly support the estimation of dynamic MVHRs that allow for time varying correlations. Whilst long memory dependencies appear important, a multi-period dynamic MVHR that responds more rapidly to persistent changes in volatility dynamics requires development.
Le concept de services écosystémiques peut-il faciliter la transition agroécologique dans l’Amazonie brésilienne ? Résultats d’une approche de recherche par méthodes mixtes à Irituia et Paragominas, dans l’État du Pará.

La transition agroécologique est indispensable pour concilier le développement socio-économique et la conservation de l’environnement dans les territoires ruraux du monde entier et plus particulièrement en Amazonie Brésilienne. Le concept de coproduction de services écosystémiques (SE) a été proposé pour penser et discuter cette transition, mais on connaît mal comment les acteurs perçoivent et échangent en pratique sur ce concept.&#x0D; La question principale de cette thèse est : Comment le cadre conceptuel des SE peut-il servir de base cognitive et opérationnelle pour soutenir la transition agroécologique ? Nous examinons deux municipalités aux modèles de production contrastés, situées dans la partie orientale de l'Amazonie brésilienne : Irituia et Paragominas. Nous avons adopté une perspective multi-acteurs et une approche de méthodes mixtes, combinant des méthodologies qualitatives, telles que des entretiens semi-directifs et l'observation participante, avec des méthodologies semi-quantitatives telles que des questionnaires et un jeu de rôles.&#x0D; Nous avons d'abord cherché à comprendre comment les acteurs qui appuient l’agriculture perçoivent la coproduction des SE. Les perceptions diffèrent sensiblement selon le type d'activité exercée par les acteurs, notamment en fonction de la nature de leurs connaissances (plus scientifique ou empirique). Nous avons ensuite examiné comment ces perceptions influençaient le processus de décision de pratiques de gestion de l’agroécosystème. Nous avons constaté l'importance de marchés institutionnels pour valoriser l'agrobiodiversité. Des facteurs internes à l'exploitation, tels que le travail, les revenus, les valeurs de l’agriculteur, influencent également ce processus de prise de décision. Enfin, le jeu de rôles construit a permis aux parties prenantes de synthétiser et de discuter de différents types de connaissances sur ce processus.&#x0D; Finalement, nous avons démontré comment les connaissances générées lors des étapes précédentes pouvaient contribuer à rendre la transition agroécologique plus opérationnelle. En révélant les attentes et les facteurs qui motivent des acteurs locaux, ces connaissances permettent de comprendre ce qui influence les pratiques de gestion de l’agroécosystème. Nous en concluons que le cadre conceptuel de la coproduction des SE permet d’aller au-delà de l'explicitation simple des éléments corrélés à la gestion des agroécosystèmes. Il constitue également un outil pertinent pour stimuler la communication entre les différents acteurs.
O cenário do Piauí no combate à COVID-19

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o cenário do estado do Piauí no combate ao novo coronavírus. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram delineados por uma pesquisa descritiva, a coleta dos dados ocorreu no dia 13 de agosto de 2020, nos sites oficiais do Ministério da Saúde, da Secretaria de Saúde do estado do Piauí e do Consórcio Nordeste. Após a coleta, os dados foram transportados para uma planilha, onde foram processados, organizados e tabulados, gerando gráficos estatísticos relacionados ao tema abordado. A pesquisa mostra que o Brasil registrou, na data pesquisada, 3.224.876 casos confirmados e 105.463 óbitos, enquanto o estado Piauí registrou 64.595 casos confirmados e 1.581 óbitos. Os municípios de Teresina, Parnaíba e Barras tiveram o maior número de óbitos. Além disso, o Piauí conta com 180 leitos exclusivos para o combate da covid-19 e 48,9% dos leitos com respiradores estão disponíveis.
Inmovilización de pectinasa por absorción en matriz de quitina recubierta con alginato

Aspergillus niger pectinase was immobilized on an alginate-coated chitin support by adsorption. The optimal conditions for immobilization were: pH 4.5, time of incubation 2 h and 85 μg/mL protein concentration. The yield of immobilized protein was 70 % and the enzyme retained 60 % of the initial activity. Optimal pH, heat stability and reusability were evaluated, among other properties of the immobilized enzyme. The thermostability was enhanced by about 9.7 °C after immobilization. The immobilized pectinase was resistant during incubation, 10-fold more resistant to thermal treatment at 50 oC than the native enzyme. The optimal pH for the catalytic activity of both, the immobilized pectinase and the free enzyme, was the same, the prepared biocatalyst retaining 50 % of the original catalytic activity after 9 cycles of reuse. The obtained bioconjugate showed good operational stability and improved thermostability. These properties support the potential application of the immobilized pectinase at the juices industry.
The cog in the ratchet: illuminating the cognitive mechanisms generating human cumulative culture

In human populations, skills and knowledge accumulate over generations, giving rise to behaviours and technologies far more complex than any single individual could achieve alone. This ratchet-like property of human culture appears absent in nonhuman species, as socially transmitted behaviours in animal populations are generally no more complex than those that can be acquired by trial and error. Scientists from a wide range of disciplines have offered high-profile speculative theories about the underlying differences that might be responsible for this striking evolutionary discontinuity, but adequate empirical evidence is still lacking. In the RATCHETCOG project, Dr Caldwell and her team will, for the first time, implement a comprehensive systematic investigation into cumulative cultural evolution, using an experimental method that offers sufficient flexibility to generate valid comparisons across three critical research domains: species differences across the primate family tree; age differences over human development; and learning condition differences in groups of adult human participants. The methods devised for the project will make it possible to both measure and manipulate the complexity of the behaviours learned, thus offering a tool for analysing the extent of ratcheting under different conditions and across different populations. Each of the three research strands provides a vital source of evidence. Studies of nonhuman primates will reveal the limits on learning in these species, and studies with children will provide key opportunities to determine which cognitive abilities predict the development of capacities for cumulative culture. Finally, comparing different learning conditions in groups of adults is critical, as these experiments will allow clear causal conclusions regarding prerequisites and constraints, in relation to task complexity. The project will therefore fully expose the cognitive machinery responsible for the uniqueness of human culture.
European project design (Basic level) 

This training course, divided in a series of themed actions, is aimed at public operators who wish to become more familiar with Structural Funds and the funding of programmes and projects intended to promote the socioeconomic development of the territory. This initiative, falling within the framework of lifelong education for the staff of local institutions to encourage an improvement and a specialisation of personnel, consists of a large number of classroom activities, through the identification of various methodological strategies of interaction between teachers and trainees; the seminars held outside the classroom intend instead to encourage individual efforts and at the same time collaborative work through the sharing of experiences and knowledge among the participants. The project is structured in five phases: organisational aspects; classroom activities and seminars (on the following subjects: planning local cross-border development, the administration and operational management of EU funding); on-line training on projectwork activities; the analysis and assessment of the subject matters presented through a final examination. The last phase, following project completion, will focus on the analysis of the operational impacts and external effectiveness of training (carried out by each public institution participating in the project). The project, by targeting public officials and personnel, aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the funding opportunities available for PA’s, analysing in detail community and cross-border project making techniques. In this sense providing the officials in charge with the relevant knowledge and with meeting opportunities facilitates dialogue, fostering mutual knowledge, also in view of new and fruitful collaboration relations.
A study of electrochemical biosensor for analysis of three-dimensional (3D) cell culture

Cell culture has a fundamental role not only in regenerative medicine but also in biotechnology, pharmacology, impacting both drug discovery and manufacturing. Although cell culture has been generally developed for only two-dimensional (2D) culture systems, three-dimensional (3D) culture is being spotlighted as the means to mimic in vivo cellular conditions. In this study, a method for cytotoxicity assay using an electrochemical biosensor applying 3D cell culture is presented. In order to strengthen the advantage of a 3D cell culture, the experimental condition of gelation between several types of sol-gels (alginate, collagen, matrigel) and cancer cells can be optimized to make a 3D cell structure on the electrode, which will show the reproducibility of electrical measurement for long-term monitoring. Moreover, cytotoxicity test results applying this method showed IC(50) value of A549 lung cancer cells to erlotinib. Thus, this study evaluates the feasibility of application of the electrochemical biosensor for 3D cell culture to cytotoxicity assay for investigation of 3D cell response to drug compounds.
Clinical validation of prognostic biomarkers of chemotherapy response in liquid biopsies

The lack of clinically validated biomarkers to properly select patients for treatment with anti-cancer agents remains a major problem. Patients are not always receiving the most optimal treatment, resulting in poor response rates and high societal costs. By profiling more than hundred drugs on a broad panel of genetically characterized cell lines, researchers from NTRC have identified novel predictive drug response biomarkers for several anti-cancer agents. In the feasibility (Phase 1) study two of these genomic drug sensitivity markers will be validated using whole genome sequencing data of patients treated with the corresponding agents. In addition, a protein kinase that is involved in glucocorticoid resistance in T-cell leukemia will be validated. Proliferation assays will be carried out with blood samples from leukemia patients using proprietary inhibitors that NTRC has developed against this kinase. After successful completion of Phase 1, the project will be extended to other drug sensitivity markers identified by cancer cell line profiling in Phase 2 of the project. In addition, assays to determine the mutant status of cancer genes in circulating DNA and miniaturized proliferation assays with patient blood cells will be developed. In the commercialization phase of the project, novel clinically validated biomarkers and assays for several anti-cancer drugs will be licensed to pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies. The results of the feasibility project will increase the value of NTRC’s biomarker discovery platform, resulting in a doubling of turn-over within two years. In addition, novel IP will be generated and licensed to pharmaceutical and diagnostic companies. After six years an ROI of seven times the initial investment is estimated. Overall, the project will result in increased clinical availability of genomic biomarkers, contribute to an overall improvement of cancer therapy, and increased sustainability of health care systems in the EU.
Development and validation of new diagnostic criteria for acute retinal necrosis

The purposes of this study are to develop and validate new diagnostic criteria for acute retinal necrosis (ARN) based on the ocular findings, clinical course, and virologic testing of intraocular fluids.The Japanese ARN Study Group, comprising 8 uveitis specialists and 1 statistician, was formed to develop new diagnostic criteria for ARN. The criteria used a combination of clinical features consistent with ARN including 6 early-stage ocular findings ([1a] anterior chamber cells or mutton-fat keratic precipitates; [1b] yellow-white lesion(s) in the peripheral retina [granular or patchy in the early stage, then gradually merging]; [1c] retinal arteritis; [1d] hyperemia of the optic disc; [1e] inflammatory vitreous opacities; and [1f] elevated intraocular pressure), 5 clinical courses ([2a] rapid expansion of the retinal lesion(s) circumferentially, [2b] development of retinal breaks or retinal detachment, [2c] retinal vascular occlusion, [2d] optic atrophy, and [2e] response to antiviral agents), and the results of virologic testing of intraocular fluids by means of either polymerase chain reaction or the Goldmann-Witmer coefficient for herpes simplex virus or varicella zoster virus. Various combinations of findings were analyzed to maximize the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). The criteria were then used to retrospectively analyze patients who had been diagnosed as having ARN or control uveitis. Patients were followed at 1 of 7 tertiary uveitis clinics between 2009 and 2011.Analysis of the data allowed delineation of 2 levels of diagnosis: "virus-confirmed ARN" (defined as the presence of both early-stage ocular findings 1a and 1b, the presence of any 1 of the 5 clinical courses, and a positive virologic test result) and "virus-unconfirmed ARN" (defined as the presence of 4 of 6 early-stage ocular findings including 1a and 1b, presence of any 2 of the 5 clinical courses, and a negative virologic test result, or when virologic testing had not been performed). The new diagnostic criteria were applied to 45 patients with ARN and 409 patients with control uveitis, resulting in a sensitivity of 0.89, a specificity of 1.00, a PPV of 1.00, and an NPV of 0.99.New diagnostic criteria for ARN were developed and found to achieve high statistical values.
Online-shop operating method for purchasing goods, involves assigning controlling unit to server, which records input entry, output entry and purchasing entry that are accumulated in frame of communication between client computer and server

The method involves assigning decision logic (1) to a server. A shopping basket value (A), offering costs (B), acceptance probability (C) and probability for a purchase failure (D) are determined as input parameters, where the decision logic calculates an excepted benefit. A positive excepted benefit is provided to customer. A controlling unit is assigned to the server, which records an input entry, output entry and a purchasing entry that are accumulated in a frame of communication between a client computer and the server.
The incremental information content of innovations in implied idiosyncratic volatility

Abstract Motivated by mixed evidence related to the pricing of measures of risk, we investigate the information content of innovations in implied idiosyncratic volatility. Using both cross-sectional and time-series methodologies, we find that innovations in implied idiosyncratic volatility explain future returns for a sample of 2864 optionable firms examined during the 1999–2010 sample period. We find that long-short portfolios formed using innovations in implied idiosyncratic volatility produce much larger abnormal returns than long-short portfolios formed using the level of implied idiosyncratic volatility. We also find that significant (both statistically and economically) abnormal returns continue to be generated for portfolios formed using innovations in implied idiosyncratic volatility when the sample is partitioned by: firm size, book-to-market equity, implied idiosyncratic volatility persistence, volatility risk, jump risk and option skewness. Our cross-sectional results lead to similar conclusions and are robust to the inclusion of traditional risk factors. Therefore, our results provide evidence of a significant and, to this point, undetected ex ante measure of risk.