SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Growth Performance Of Juvenile Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Fed With Locally Formulated And Floating Commercial Feeds In Floating Net-Cages

It is estimated that by 2050, when the world population is over 9 billion resulting in shortage of food supply especially the protein rich food, Africa will have to increase food production by 300%, Latin America by 80% and Asia by 70% to provide minimally adequate diets for the projected population of 2 billion, 810 million, and 5.4 billion in the respective regions (Anon, 1997). Therefore the need to increase the protein intake is a major concern to scientific researchers that engage in food production and also to the government of such a nation. The experimental site is located at the 3-hectare reservoir of the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Two hundred juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were stocked. Fifty fish per cage and four cages were used. The fish were fed daily at 5% of their body weight, into four hapas on a floating raft and each treatment was replicated twice. Two different diets were used for this experiment. One of the diets was a 45% crude protein floating commercial feed (Coppens) and replicated twice, while the other diet was a compounded sinking feed using locally available feed ingredients. The mean weight (g) per fish at stocking for treatment I and II were 25.90 and 24.72 respectively. Treatment I had the higher final mean weight per fish of 74.89 g while treatment II has the final mean weight per fish of 72.35 g. The specific growth limit of Clarias gariepinus fed with formulated and Coppens feeds were almost the same with the value 2.00 in treatment I and 1.89 in treatment II. Food conversion ratio was lower in treatment I and high in treatment II. There were little mortalities in the two treatments. The mean survival rate was highest in treatment 11. The mean feed intake was highest in treatment II (15.67g) and in treatment I (11.92g) compared to treatment I. Results indicated that Clarias gariepinus are good feed converters because the feed intake was directly proportional to the treatments. It could be concluded that the formulated diet performed better than the commercial feed (Coppens).
Sublethal concentrations of salicylic acid decrease the formation of reactive oxygen species but maintain an increased nitric oxide production in the root apex of the ethylene-insensitiveNever ripetomato mutants

The pattern of salicylic acid (SA)-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) were different in the apex of adventitious roots in wild-type and in the ethylene-insensitive never ripe (Nr) mutants of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Ailsa Craig). ROS were upregulated, while NO remained at the control level in apical root tissues of wildtype plants exposed to sublethal concentrations of SA. In contrast, Nr plants expressing a defective ethylene receptor displayed a reduced level of RO S and a higher NO content in the apical root cells. In wild-type plants NO production seems to be RO S(H2O2)-dependent at cell death-inducing concentrations of SA, indicating that ROS and NO may interact to trigger oxidative cell death. In the absence of significant RO S accumulation, the increased NO production caused moderate reduction in cell viability in root apex of Nr plants exposed to 10(-3) M SA. This suggests that a functional ethylene signaling pathway is necessary for the control of ROS and NO production induced by SA.
Comparison and Reproducibility of Nuchal Translucency Measurements Using Two-Dimensional and Volume Nuchal Translucency Ultrasound: A Prospective Study

To assess the reproducibility and feasibility of automated nuchal translucency (NT) measurement (Volume NT©) in comparison to the two-dimensional (2D) manual approach. The Volume NT technique reveals the correct midsagittal plane automatically and measures the NT at the maximum distance with minimal manipulation.In this prospective study, 70 patients underwent NT screening. All standard 2D (standard NT) images and 3D volumes were acquired with an Accuvix V20 Prestige. Off-line measurements of the 3D volumes, manual (manual box NT) and automated (Volume NT) were performed by experienced and nonexperienced operators. Intertechnique and intra- and interobserver agreement were evaluated.Eleven of 70 cases were excluded due to missing data or aberrant position. The Volume NT program was successful in 83.8% of the cases. Acceptable levels of intraobserver agreement were found for all techniques. The Volume NT technique underestimated NT by 0.21 mm (p < 0.0001) in comparison to standard NT. Between-observer agreement for manual box NT was best for the experienced operators. For Volume NT, the results for between-observer agreement were more ambiguous.The Volume NT program improves standardization of NT measuring. The technique is reproducible and comparable to the 2D manual approach, particularly for inexperienced sonographers. Further technique refinement should reduce any underestimation.
Measuring rheological properties of polymer with torque-rheometer

A temperature corrected equation is developed to measure rheological parameters of the crystalline and amorphous polymer in torque rheometer,and rheological results were compared with capillary rheometer results.The results showed that the activity energy and flow index data measured with torque rheometer were in good accordance with those measured with capillary rheometer.When measuring the rheological parameters,the torque values measured should be corrected for the temperature rise due to viscous dissipation.Equivalent radius was a quantity depending only on geometrical dimensions of the mixer but independent of the nature of the fluid and the mixing conditions.Torque rheometer has a narrow range of shear rate.
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Anpassung der Bremsleistung an momentane Rad-Fahrbahn-Kraftschluß-Bedingungen

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Anpassung der Bremsleistung an momentane Rad-Fahrbahn-Kraftschluß-Bedingungen. DOLLAR A Um automatisch und unabhängig von der Fahrbahnbeschaffenheit eine optimale Bremsleistung bereitzustellen, schlägt die Erfindung das Ermitteln des Rad-Fahrbahn-Kraftschlusses durch eine Erkennungseinheit (7) und Ausgabe eines Kraftschluß-Signals an eine zentrale Schalteinheit (6) sowie das Erhöhen des in dem Blockierverhinderungs-System eingestellten maximal zugelassenen Schlupfes in Abhängigkeit von dem Erkennungssignal durch die Schalteinheit (6), wenn das Kraftschluß-Signal einen vorgegebenen Wertebereich verläßt, vor. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfaßt dazu eine Erkennungseinheit (7) zum Erkennen des Verlaufs des Rad-Fahrbahn-Kraftschlusses in Abhängigkeit von dem Schlupf, die ein Erkennungssignal ausgibt, und eine Schalteinheit (6), die das Erkennungssignal empfängt und die eine Erhöhung des in dem Blockierverhinderungs-System eingestellten maximal zugelassenen Schlupfes in Abhängigkeit von dem Erkennungssignal durchführt, wenn das Erkennungssignal einen vorgegebenen Wertebereich verläßt.
Chromatin organization and mitotic inheritance of epigenetic states: genome-wide dynamics of h3.1 and h3.3 histone variants during dna replication

Within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin organization has emerged to be a major regulator of genome function. The question of how chromatin is shaped and maintained through DNA replication is key to understanding its impact. Distinct histone variants, modifications and binding partners are linked to specific structural and functional domains and might constitute a stable epigenetic signature. However, the passage of the replication fork disrupts parental nucleosomes and challenges existing patterns throughout the genome. Chromatin dynamics during DNA replication have not been characterized at genome-wide resolution. I aim to address this by tracking the deposition of the histone variants H3.1 and H3.3 along S phase. H3.1 and H3.3 are deposited via distinct DNA synthesis-coupled and -uncoupled pathways and, in asynchronous cells, show opposite genomic profiles that correlate with replication timing. I will exploit new bulk- and single-cell assays to monitor their de novo assembly in synchronized cells. These will be used to characterize the deposition of newly synthesized H3.1 and H3.3 as replication progresses, and compare spatiotemporal patterns to their global distribution before S phase. My objective is to implement a comprehensive computational strategy to 1) resolve H3.1/H3.3 dynamics in cell populations and individual cells, 2) explore the determinants and impact of differentially enriched domains and 3) evaluate the effects of perturbations on the mitotic inheritance of epigenetic states. This will allow to elucidate how specific signatures are propagated through cell division and shed light on the role of H3 variants as potential carriers of epigenetic information.
BARRIER FORMATION USING NOVEL SPUTTER-DEPOSITION METHOD

Methods and apparatus are provided for forming a metal or metal silicide barrier layer. In one aspect, a method is provided for processing a substrate including positioning a substrate having a silicon material disposed thereon in a substrate processing system, depositing a first metal layer on the substrate surface in a first processing chamber, forming a metal silicide layer by reacting the silicon material and the first metal layer, and depositing a second metal layer in situ on the substrate in a second processing chamber. In another aspect, the method is performed in an apparatus including a load lock chamber, the intermediate substrate transfer region including a first substrate transfer chamber and a second substrate transfer chamber, a physical vapor deposition processing chamber coupled to the first substrate transfer chamber, and a chemical vapor deposition chamber coupled to the second substrate transfer chamber.
Acetylene generator

538,516. Acetylene generators. LUMB, C. F. Jan. 26, 1940, No. 1636. [Class 2 (i)] An acetylene generator comprises in combination an outer vertical water containing cylinder with an inner cylinder open at its bottom end depending from the top of the outer cylinder such that there is an annular space between the outer and inner cylinders. The inner cylinder has an outer jacket, open at the bottom end and closed at the upper end and provided with an opening to the inner cylinder to serve as a container for the gas. Means are also provided to seal the top of the inner chamber and suspend therein a basket of calcium carbide. The outer chamber is preferably provided with an overflow valve to maintain a constant water level, and a safety valve which operates at a pre-determined pressure and which incorporates a water trap operating as a hydraulic back pressure valve. In Fig. (1) 1 is the outer cylinder, 2 the inner cylinder, 4 the jacket on the inner cylinder which communicates with the inner cylinder through holes 5. Means 6 for closing the inner cylinder have suspended therefrom a basket 14 to contain calcium carbide. An arrangement comprising a rocked bar 12 outside the outer cylinder operating by means of the elbow 9 in the chamber enables the height of the basket 14 in the chamber to be regulated. and so consequently regulate the pressure of the gas to be regulated.
Development research of reflection-absorption compound type fluid pulsation attenuator

Based on the disadvantages analysis of the existing fluid pulsation attenuator, two reflection-absorption compound type of fluid pulsation attenuators which are both composed of a chamber and a mass-spring-damping system are developed: in-line reflection-absorption compound type of fluid pulsation attenuators (in-line RAFPA) and side-branch reflection-absorption compound type of fluid pulsation attenuators (side-branch RAFPA). The transfer matrix models of the two attenuators are established as well as expansion chamber attenuator and Helmholtz resonator. Based on the transfer matrix model, the transmission loss of the four attenuators is given out to evaluate their attenuation characteristic. The attenuation characteristic comparisons of in-line RAFPA with expansion chamber attenuator and side-branch RAFPA with Helmholtz resonator are carried out respectively. And the effect of the mass-spring-damping system to in-line RAFPA and side-branch RAFPA is investigated. The simulation reveals the two reflection-absorption compound type of fluid pulsation attenuators have better attenuation characteristic and are more compact than expansion chamber attenuator and Helmholtz resonator.
SELF-SUPPORTING THERMAL TUBE STRUCTURE FOR ELECTRONIC ASSEMBLIES

Various embodiments described herein include systems, methods and/or devices for dissipating heat generated by electronic components in an electronic system (e.g., a memory system that includes closely spaced memory modules). In one aspect, an electronic assembly includes a first circuit board, a second circuit board flexibly coupled to the first circuit board, a connecting module coupled to the second circuit board, and a fastener. The fastener is configured to couple the first circuit board to the connecting module such that the first circuit board and the second circuit board are substantially parallel and are separated by a space, wherein the space forms at least part of a channel that is configured to direct airflow through the space between the first circuit board, second circuit board, and connecting module.
Effect of XELOX on functional ability among elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: Results from the FNCLCC/GERICO 02 phase II study

Abstract Objectives This study investigated the effect of capecitabine–oxaliplatin (XELOX) on functional independence in patients aged ≥70years with histologically proven metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Materials and methods Patients received capecitabine 750mg/m 2 bid d1–14+oxaliplatin 90mg/m 2 d1, every 3weeks; doses were increased to 1000 and 120mg/m 2 , respectively, in the absence of significant toxicity. The primary endpoint was stabilization/improvement of Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale. Results Sixty patients were enrolled. ADL was stabilized/improved in 36/40 patients (90%) after 3cycles, and in 25/27 patients (93%) after 6cycles. Capecitabine and oxaliplatin doses were increased in 31% of patients. The objective response rate was 37% (1 complete and 21 partial responses). Toxicity included grade 3/4 diarrhea (13%), neurotoxicity (grade 1/2 in 68%, grade 3/4 in 2%), and grade 3/4 anemia (7%). Conclusion This study demonstrates the feasibility of XELOX in elderly mCRC patients, with no impairment of independence among patients who remained on therapy.
Use of skin-lightening products among selected urban communities in Accra, Ghana

The practice of skin lightening has been reported from North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. In literature, some prevalence rates exceed 50%, and both sexes are involved. Common agents used include hydroquinone, mercury, corticosteroids, and caustic agents. The agents are easily accessible and affordable with very little regulation. Cutaneous and systemic side effects occur but do not appear to be a deterrent, as the notion of light skin as a surrogate for beauty is strong. In Ghana, anecdotal reports of high bleaching rates among certain urban communities resulted in a study supported by the Food and Drugs Authority to determine various facets of this practice.A cross-sectional study among adults in selected urban fishing communities of Accra was undertaken. Consecutive cases were enrolled after written informed consent. A questionnaire was administered, followed by physical examination and clinical photographs. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.Of the 555 participants from the three communities, prevalence was 279 (50.3%). Duration of use ranged from 2 months to 17 years. Approximately 212 (76%) used more than one product, and 231 (82%) used agents on their face and body. Dermatological features were hypopigmentation 270 (96.8%), other color changes including ochronosis 241 (86.4%), changes in consistency 141 (50.3%), striae 157 (56.3%), and infections 42 (15.1%).The prevalence of skin bleaching was 50.3% in these communities, which is high considering the adverse effects from the practice. We recommend regulation of products by enforcing the law, more education, and a population prevalence study.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR NOISE THRESHOLD ADAPTATION FOR VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION IN NONSTATIONARY NOISE ENVIRONMENTS

The system and method of the invention relates to voice detection technology for determining instants of time at which a snapshot of noise characteristics results in improved adaptation of noise floors used in voice detection. The approach is based on the "lower envelope" of the smoothed input signal power. Incorporation of this approach in a simple time domain VAD (Voice Activity Detector) results in an effective low-complexity system which, on the basis of simulations, gives good performance down to SNR values of about 0dB. In the invention the lower envelope also provides the updated value of the noise threshold during the presence of speech. The invention can also be embedded in other, more complex (e.g., frequency domain) VADs at low computational cost.
CREG1 ameliorates myocardial fibrosis associated with autophagy activation and Rab7 expression

In cardiomyocytes subjected to stress, autophagy activation is a critical survival mechanism that preserves cellular energy status while degrading damaged proteins and organelles. However, little is known about the mechanisms that govern this autophagic response. Cellular repressor of E1A genes (CREG1) is an evolutionarily conserved lysosomal protein, and an important new factor in regulating tissue homeostasis that has been shown to antagonize injury of tissues or cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory role of CREG1 in cardiac autophagy, and to clarify autophagy activation mechanisms. First, we generated a CREG1 haploinsufficiency (Creg1 +/− ) mouse model, and identified that CREG1 deficiency aggravates myocardial fibrosis in response to aging or angiotensin II (Ang II). Conversely, exogenous infusion of recombinant CREG1 protein completely reversed cardiac damage. CREG1 deficiency in Creg1 +/− mouse heart showed a marked accumulation of autophagosome that acquired LC3II and beclin-1, and a decrease in autophagic flux clearance as indicated by upregulating the level of p62. Inversely, restoration of CREG1 activates cardiac autophagy. Furthermore, chloroquine, an inhibitor of lysosomal acidification, was used to confirm that CREG1 protected the heart tissue against Ang II-induced fibrosis by activating autophagy. Using adenoviral infection of primary cardiomyocytes, overexpression of CREG1 with concurrent resveratrol treatment significantly increased autophagy, while silencing CREG1 blocked the resveratrol-induced autophagy. These results suggest that CREG1-induced autophagy is required to maintain heart function in the face of stress-induced myocardiac damage. Both in vitro and in vivo studies identified that CREG1 deficiency influenced the maturation of lysosomes and reduced the expression of Rab7, which might be involved in CREG1-induced cardiomyocyte autophagy. These findings suggest that autophagy activation via CREG1 may be a viable therapeutic strategy for improving cardiac performance under pathologic conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases. • Creg1 haploinsufficiency mice are more susceptible to myocardial fibrosis • Overexpression of Creg1 protein reverses Ang II-induced myocardial fibrosis • Creg1 protects against myocardial fibrosis associated with autophagy activation
The dynamics of the pain system is intact in patients with knee osteoarthritis: An exploratory experimental study

Abstract Background and aims Despite the high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) it remains one of the most frequent knee disorders without a cure. Pain and disability are prominent clinical features of knee OA. Knee OA pain is typically localized but can also be referred to the thigh or lower leg. Widespread hyperalgesia has been found in knee OA patients. In addition, patients with hyperalgesia in the OA knee joint show increased pain summation scores upon repetitive stimulation of the OA knee suggesting the involvement of facilitated central mechanisms in knee OA. The dynamics of the pain system (i.e., the adaptive responses to pain) has been widely studied, but mainly from experiments on healthy subjects, whereas less is known about the dynamics of the pain system in chronic pain patients, where the pain system has been activated for a long time. The aim of this study was to assess the dynamics of the nociceptive system quantitatively in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients before and after induction of experimental knee pain. Methods Ten knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients participated in this randomized crossover trial. Each subject was tested on two days separated by 1 week. The most affected knee was exposed to experimental pain or control, in a randomized sequence, by injection of hypertonic saline into the infrapatellar fat pad and a control injection of isotonic saline. Pain areas were assessed by drawings on anatomical maps. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) at the knee, thigh, lower leg, and arm were assessed before, during, and after the experimental pain and control conditions. Likewise, temporal summation of pressure pain on the knee, thigh and lower leg muscles was assessed. Results Experimental knee pain decreased the PPTs at the knee ( P &lt;0.01) and facilitated the temporal summation on the knee and adjacent muscles ( P &lt; 0.05). No significant difference was found at the control site (the contralateral arm) ( P =0.77). Further, the experimental knee pain revealed overall higher VAS scores (facilitated temporal summation of pain) at the knee ( P &lt; 0.003) and adjacent muscles ( P &lt; 0.0001) compared with the control condition. The experimental knee pain areas were larger compared with the OA knee pain areas before the injection. Conclusions Acute experimental knee pain induced in patients with knee OA caused hyperalgesia and facilitated temporal summation of pain at the knee and surrounding muscles, illustrating that the pain system in individuals with knee OA can be affected even after many years of nociceptive input. This study indicates that the adaptability in the pain system is intact in patients with knee OA, which opens for opportunities to prevent development of centralized pain syndromes.
Conhecimento e utilização de plantas medicinais por idosos usuários de Estratégias de Saúde da Família de Palmeira das Missões, RS

A utilização de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos vem sendo recomendada no Brasil para atender às demandas da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Assim, esta pesquisa investiga o conhecimento e o uso de plantas medicinais por idosos usuários de Estratégias de Saúde da Família de Palmeira das Missões, RS. A coleta de dados foi feita através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, em 2019, com 70 pessoas, que mencionaram 67 espécies. Os respondentes têm idade média de 69,9 anos, e houve predomínio de mulheres, pessoas com hipertensão arterial e/ou diabetes e que combinam medicamentos com plantas medicinais. As 15 plantas com maior Valor de Uso da espécie (UVs) foram analisadas quanto aos usos recomendados e efeitos adversos. Marcela (Achyrocline satureioides), camomila (Matricharia chamomilla) e boldo (Plectranthus barbatus) foram as espécies mais citadas. Os usos medicinais predominantes estão associados aos sistemas digestivo, respiratório, circulatório, urinário, endócrino (metabólico e nutricional) e estado psicológico. Os resultados demonstram a importância das plantas medicinais na vida das comunidades, evidenciando-se a necessidade de os serviços de atenção à saúde ofertarem orientações sobre o uso seguro e adequado das espécies. Palavras-chave: Atenção primária à saúde; plantas medicinais; etnobotânica; fitoterapia; valor de uso.