SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Identifying the steps required for meiotic dna double-strand break formation

At the onset of prophase of the first meiotic division, meiotic cells undergo complex molecular events with the induction of several hundred DNA double-strand breaks. These DNA breaks are required because they initiate recombination between homologous chromosomes and to allow chromosome segregation during meiosis. They are essential for fertility. However, they represent a major challenge for genome integrity.

It is thought that meiotic DNA break formation is under tight control to ensure that all breaks are properly repaired to maintain genome integrity. But how this control implemented is unknown.
 
We postulate that three critical steps take place to ensure meiotic DNA break formation at the right time, right place, and right frequency. We will test this hypothesis by addressing in mice the three following questions:

Q1: We will ask whether a homology-sensing process brings homologous chromosomes in spatial proximity before DNA break formation to improve DSB repair efficiency and avoid topological conflicts. If this is the case, we will determine the molecular mechanism.

Q2: We will determine whether the genomic sites undergoing DNA breakage interact with structural components of chromosome axes before break formation, and how. This interaction is predicted to be necessary for proper DSB repair.

Q3: We will determine how DNA cleavage is activated. We will do this through in vitro reconstitution of meiotic DSB formation.

Answering these key questions will be possible by using in vivo and in vitro approaches. We will pioneer in vitro meiotic differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells to overcome the current limitations for identifying novel components and interactions. 
	
We will thus decipher how a molecular machinery that has evolved from a DNA type II topoisomerase family has been selected and modified to promote a complex reaction initiated by DNA cleavage at multiple sites along chromosomes followed by their repair by homologous recombination.
Outer Space’s Legal Framework, Challenges, and Policies

The peaceful use of space has opened new possibilities for human progress. The first artificial satellite on our planet, Sputnik 1, was put into orbit on October 14, 1957. The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened for business on October 1, 1958, and since then has been one of the players in the conquest of space. For many years the Agency followed the same process for spacecraft development and operations. That process proved successful for more than 50 years. In 2005, mandated by President George W. Bush on January 14, 2004, NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) completed a successful year of milestones and discoveries starting the implementation of the Vision for Space ExplorationSpace Exploration, the USA long-term plan for returning astronauts to the Moon to prepare for voyages to other destinations in the solar system. The commercial space market leveled out also in 2005, and SpaceX announced plans to pursue a human-rated commercial space program through the end of the decade. That program would later become the Dragon spacecraft.iIn 2006, NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced that the company was one of two selected to provide crew and cargo resupply demonstration contracts to the International Space Station (ISS) under the COTS program.ii Of 52 successful launches worldwide in 2005, about 23 (44%) were commercial launches compared to 19 (36%) in 2004. The situation had changed, and NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) had to adapt to a new environment and the privatization of the space industry. As a matter of fact, in the late 1960s, the US Government invested over 4.5% of the Federal Budget in NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and in 2005 the percentage was 0.63% as the US Government had to cut funding for many of NASA projects to reduce the deficit to boost the economy. The privatization of outer spaceOuter space exploration is a matter heavily debated in the international community. This paper will be studying the differences between the traditional NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) program and the more “open” model used today for the Commercial Crew and Cargo programs. Outer spaceOuter space is a neutral territory designated free from the appropriation under international law. Nevertheless, there is an approach towards using the space for defensive purposes that some could consider militarizationSpace Militarization.
Spectrum Analysis for Software Quality Requirements Using Analyses Records

Defining quality requirements enough is more difficult than defining functional requirements because stakeholders do not state most of quality requirements explicitly. A method to analyze a requirements specification for identifying the amount of quality requirements in the specification has thus already proposed. However, the method requires human decisions a lot because the method depends only on the occurrences of terms in a specification. An analyst sometimes incorrectly analyzes a specification by using this method. We thus propose an improved method by using analyses records of systems similar to a system to be analyzed. We also developed a supporting tool to enact our method. We expect such analyses records help an analyst to make or skip decision during the method, and the result becomes more correct than before. % We applied our method to several requirements specifications, and found our method contribute to making the result more correct than before without a lot of human effort.
Competition and Cooperation in Corporate Governance: The Effects of Labor Institutions on Blockholder Effectiveness in 23 European Countries

We provide an analysis of the costs and benefits of blockholding in Europe, where it is a dominant, but certainly not universal, corporate governance strategy for shareholders of publicly listed firms. We find that the effectiveness of blockholding is conditioned by the specific labor institutions that distinguish European countries from the rest of the world, and that these institutional effects involve both competition and cooperation between blockholders and collective labor interests. We also find that relational blockholders are better able to cope with, or benefit from, these institutional effects than arm's-length blockholders. Empirically, we use advanced meta-analytic methods on a total sample of 748,569 firm-year observations, derived from 162 studies covering 23 European countries.
Apoyo al mantenimiento de la actividad de Habibi Travel Office Paweł Buchowski

Habibi Travel Agency actúa como agente turístico, asesor turístico en la venta de paquetes turísticos ofrecidos por operadores turísticos polacos. Recibimos remuneración por nuestro trabajo solo como comisión de viajes vendidos y completados simultáneamente. Debido a la anunciada pandemia de COVID-19, desde marzo ha habido una disminución de casi el 100 % en el número de nuevos clientes y, por lo tanto, de los ingresos actuales. Además, desde septiembre de 2019 hasta marzo de 2020, vendimos principalmente viajes que se suponía debían tener lugar en mayo, junio, en el verano de 2020 y finalmente estaban en aprox. 80-90 % cancelado, y solo después de su realización íbamos a recibir remuneración por ellos, remuneración por los últimos meses de trabajo, que no recibiremos, y que iba a ser utilizado, entre otros, como capital de trabajo para la «supervivencia» de otoño e invierno de este año. De marzo a junio, a pesar de los ingresos cero, nuestra oficina trabaja de forma gratuita para atender a los clientes que han sido cancelados los vuelos, en forma de alquiler de locales, servicios públicos, tarifas por programas de reserva, arrendamiento de automóviles, combustible, teléfonos. Teniendo durante varios meses cero rotación y visiones de su muy profunda disminución de año en año, también necesitamos apoyo para mantener nuestra liquidez en los meses siguientes. Los fondos recibidos de la subvención se utilizarán para el capital de trabajo de la oficina, para mantener la liquidez financiera, se pagarán facturas y facturas por alquiler, servicios públicos y otros pasivos fijos, cuyo pago es necesario para la continuación del negocio.
Molecular Dynamics and Entropy Effects in Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Polymer N,N′-Di(2-methyl-2-pentylheptyl)urea Dissolved in Nonpolar Medium

On the basis of the static dielectric permittivity temperature behavior of the supramolecular polymer formed by N,N'-di(2-methyl-2-pentylheptyl)urea (MPHU) in carbon tetrachloride diluted solution (10% in mole fraction) and that of neat acetonitrile, it was found that two liquids of the same macroscopic polarity (expressed by the same value of the dielectric permittivity approximately 35) exhibit an essential difference in the field-induced orientational entropy change. A much higher entropy effect is observed for the liquid composed of not too numerous but highly polar molecular entities (MPHU + CCl(4)) than for the liquid composed of numerous but less polar entities (neat acetonitrile). The analysis of the dielectric relaxation spectra of MPHU + CCl(4) solutions was performed with the Davidson-Cole (DC) model. It was found that the DC exponent beta changes its value in a quite important range of 0.4-0.8, depending on MPHU concentration and temperature. This reflects an important deviation of the relaxation mechanism occurring in the supramolecular system investigated from that corresponding to the normal Brownian rotational diffusion (beta = 1).
Lichtsysteem inteligente — Intelligentes Lichtsystem

En todas las áreas de la avicultura, existen posibilidades de picoteo de plumas y canibalismo, estas ocurrencias también pueden ocurrir cuando se mantienen animales en condiciones ecológicas o con cría de aves de corral en libertad. Hay varias razones para estas ocurrencias, los factores relevantes se deben a la luz (espectro de luz, intensidad de luz y frecuencia). Para las aves de corral, la iluminación debe corresponder a la luz del día de su entorno natural, para los pavos (escalones, escasa forestación y montañas) y con gallinas ponedoras de huevos (jungles) ambas especies tienen diferentes requisitos. En el contexto del proyecto anterior, «Optimización y control de la composición multiespectral de las luminarias led multiespectrales» se han desarrollado luminarias LED que se pueden ajustar para adaptarse a los requisitos de luz a la vista de pavos y gallinas ponedoras en un entorno estable, estos requisitos son considerablemente diferentes a la vista humana. En la propuesta de proyecto «Intelligent Lighting Systems» estas luminarias LED se optimizarán y probarán en un entorno controlado. El picoteo de plumas y el canibalismo pueden convertirse en un problema significativo en muy poco tiempo, por lo que es necesario responder de forma rápida y automática. Para resolver el problema de picoteo y canibalismo, la iluminación debe ajustarse de acuerdo con las necesidades del animal. El objetivo del proyecto es desarrollar un sistema de luz responsivo activo que utilice inteligencia artificial para reaccionar a circunstancias cambiantes. Un requisito para este estudio en un entorno controlado es optimizar los sistemas de luminarias LED a través de la recopilación de datos y la evaluación del comportamiento animal, el rendimiento de los animales y la salud animal. El objetivo es encontrar un espectro de luz óptimo para los pavos y gallinas ponedoras de huevos para que el comportamiento de los animales pueda verse influenciado por los sistemas de iluminación, a través de la inteligencia artificial, de tal manera que el problema del picoteo de plumas y el canibalismo se pueda evitar en todo el mundo y en todas las formas de sistemas de alojamiento.
Testing Environments for Assessing Conformance and Interoperability.

We present a classification framework of testing environments that supports conformance and interoperability testing of distributed systems. We describe each testing environment and state the applicability and requirements placed on a realization of a testing tool. The broad categories identified include data instance validation, isolated systems testing, and peer-to-peer systems testing. Our targeted systems include those that support data exchange standards. We list and define the types of conformance and interoperability testing that can be conducted and associate the types that can be performed in a given testing environment. We describe and illustrate a conceptual test tool design for each testing environment. The delineation of environments and their testing capacity is intended to facilitate a more structured approach to testing in which the relationship between testing and test requirements is more clearly defined and the capabilities and limitations of testing tools are better understood. In broader terms, this approach should help industry and testing bodies identify and describe the depth and scope of their testing endeavors.
The Time of Money Ed. 1

Speculation is often associated with financial practices, but The Time of Money makes the case that it not be restricted to the financial sphere. It argues that the expansion of finance has created a distinctive social world, one that demands a speculative stance toward life in general. Replacing a logic of extraction, speculation changes our relationship to time and organizes our social worlds to maximize the productive capacities of populations around flows of money for finance capital. Speculative practices have become a matter of survival, and defining features of our age are hardwired to their operations?stagnant wages, indebtedness, the centrality of women's earnings to the household, workfarism, and more. Examining five features of our contemporary economy, Lisa Adkins reveals the operations of this speculative rationality. Moving beyond claims that indebtedness is intrinsic to contemporary life and vague declarations that the social world has become financialized, Adkins delivers a precise examination of the relation between finance and society, one that is rich in empirical and analytical detail.
Energy Enterprise Generation in the Med Area

ENERGEIA tackles the topic of supporting entrepreneurship in the energy sector. Developing entrepreneurship out of research outputs and competences is a key action that will contribute to reach Europe2020 objectives - in terms of energy consumption from renewable sources and energy savings - direct impacts on EU economic development, wealth creation and employment. Data on the energy sector in Europe show the central role it plays in the EU economy in terms of current size and growth potential in the medium term, demand for technology and innovative solutions is growing especially because of existing regulations at EU levels and also because of society general interest for environment low impact solutions. In order to be able to further develop the offer for new technologies and innovative solutions, it is necessary to build an entrepreneurship friendly environment, able to recognize and then fulfill the expectations of the energy sector. This assumption, shared by the consortium, is at the basis of the ENERGEIA project, which aims is to design a friendly environment for entrepreneurship in the renewable energy sector in the Mediterranean area. ENERGEIA partners are eight organizations with relevant experience in designing and implementing policies in entrepreneurship development and promotion of the energy sector. Most of them also directly provide support and advice to innovative start-ups generated from research institutions. ENERGEIA will enable to develop concrete tools ready to meet the challenge of supporting nascent business in the renewable energy sector. Starting from the outputs collected from partners in their past experiences, the project will carry on research, networking and pilot actions on the main fields of interest for the energy renewable sector in the MED regions. The first step of the project will be to define the -energy filiere-�, according to common guidelines, that will allow partners build up a cooperation network and a favourable environment for the development of new entrepreneurship. All actors will be mapped and the most relevant good practices will be shared within and outside the consortium. Transnational working groups will be set to tackle relevant transversal issues and training sessions and dissemination events will be organized. Finally, the knowledge acquired during the previous project phases will be mainstreamed into two pilot actions, dedicated to (1) reinforcing the business support operators capacities in matching the specific needs of start-ups and (2) the development of a path to fully exploit business projects in the energy field. The communication and dissemination activity plays a major role in the project: beside the events organisation and the spreading of information through institutional and informal communication channels, the support of several members of relevant European Networks (as EEN and Eurada) will ensure a wide and continuous diffusion of the project's outcomes.
Neotectonics and seismicity in southern Patagonia

Research for evaluation of geologic hazards involving earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in southern Argentina seems to have historically received little attention. Nevertheless, the relatively small work done indicates a Neogene tectonic architecture in the area with capability of generating potential hazardous earthquakes in a growing population region. Seismicity and some morphotectonic evidences of Quaternary activity of the Magallanes–Fagnano left-lateral fault system in the transform boundary between South America and Scotia plates, are analysed in this paper. This fault system is considered to be an important seismogenic source, responsible for large earthquakes that have occurred in southern Argentina. Some examples from the South and Austral Andean Volcanic Zones are also examined in order to show recent volcanic activity which also generated crustal seismicity. Preliminary hazard estimation clearly shows the presence of both potentially active volcanic centres in southern Patagonia that may also trigger seismicity and the high probability for large crustal earthquake generation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
THE OTHER LIGURIA OF GOOD AND MASSUCCO S.N.C.

HOTEL TYPE ACCOMMODATION WITH MATCHING TYPICAL RESTAURANT. THE FIVE ROOMS ARE EQUIPPED WITH TV, MINIBAR, SAFE, INDIVIDUALLY CONTROLLED AIR CONDITIONING, WI-FI INTERNET CONNECTION, PRIVATE BATHROOM WITH SHOWER AND HAIR DRYER, PRIVATE PARKING. IN THE GARDEN THERE IS A SAUNA AND A MAXI WHIRLPOOL. THE ACCOMMODATION IS ACCOMPANIED BY THE RESTAURANT SERVICE, FOR ABOUT TWENTY SEATS, WHICH OFFERS A MIXTURE OF MEDITERRANEAN CUISINE, ACCORDING TO LIGURIAN AND AMALFI TRADITIONS.
Trypanosoma cruzi TcIII / Z3 genotype as agent of an outbreak of Chagas disease in the Brazilian Western Amazonia

Chagas' disease is an emerging and neglected disease in the Brazilian Amazon region, where T. cruzi I predominates among the acute cases of the disease; and T. cruzi III/Z3, a population cluster from sylvatic areas of the Amazon basin, is rarely associated with human infections. On 23rd April 2007, the Foundation for Health Surveillance of the State of Amazonas, Brazil reported an outbreak of acute Chagas disease in the municipality of Coari on the Solimões River banks. Fresh blood examination confirmed the infection in 25 patients. Parasite culture in LIT medium was successful for 18 isolates. Molecular characterization was performed by PCR of the non-transcribed spacer of the mini-exon and by sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COII) gene. The T. cruzi isolates were all from genotype Z3, and sequencing revealed that all isolates had equal COII sequences compatible with TcIII type, suggesting a single source of infection. To our knowledge, this is the first outbreak of acute cases caused uniquely by the genotype TcIII/Z3. Wild vectors harbouring TcIII stocks contribute to transmission when the triatomine species reaches human food chain or when humans invade the forest environment, where sylvatic cycle constitutes a reservoir of parasites that might be associated with specific epidemiological and clinical traits of the emergent Chagas disease in the Amazon.
Prostate cancer risk among users of digoxin and other antiarrhythmic drugs in the Finnish Prostate Cancer Screening Trial

Long-term usage of the antiarrhythmic drug digoxin has been connected to lowered risk of prostate cancer. A recent study has suggested that beta-blockers might also have similar risk-decreasing effects. We evaluated the association between use of digoxin, beta-blocker sotalol, and other antiarrhythmic drugs and prostate cancer risk in a retrospective cohort study.Our study population consisted of men in the Finnish Prostate Cancer Screening Trial during 1996-2012 (n = 78,615). During median follow-up of 12 years, 6,639 prostate cancer cases were diagnosed. The national prescription database was the source of the information of antiarrhythmic drug purchases. Data were analyzed using Cox regression method with medication use as a time-dependent variable.No association was found for overall prostate cancer risk with antiarrhythmic drug use (HR 1.05 95% CI 0.94-1.18). Neither sotalol (HR 0.97 95% CI 0.76-1.24) nor digoxin (HR 1.01 95% CI 0.87-1.16) users had a decreased risk of prostate cancer. Similar results were obtained for high-grade (Gleason 7-10) and metastatic prostate cancer. Nevertheless, the risk estimates for Gleason 7-10 prostate cancer tended to decrease by duration of digoxin use (p for trend = 0.052), suggesting that the drug may reduce the risk in long-term usage (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.49-1.03). In analysis stratified by screening trial arm, the protective association against Gleason 7-10 disease was observed only in the screening arm (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.12-0.84 for men who had used digoxin for 5 years or longer).Digoxin or other antiarrhythmic drugs are not associated with any clear decrease in prostate cancer risk. However, digoxin might have a benefit in long-term use by reducing risk of high-grade disease. Further research will be needed to evaluate possible effects on prostate cancer survival.