SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Metric-Measure inequalities in sub-riemannian manifolds

The goal of MesuR is to deepen our knowledge of geometric and dynamical properties of a class of metric-measure spaces, called sub-Riemannian (sR) manifolds. These are generalizations of Riemannian manifolds, naturally arising in the frame of control theory and hypoelliptic operators. SR geometry is a theory in expansion, and it recently received a great impulse thanks to two ERC-StG on this topic: “GeCoMethods” (2010-2016, PI: U. Boscain), and “GeoMeG” (2017–now, PI: E. Le Donne).
In this action we focus on sR manifolds endowed with intrinsic measures. These have been introduced in the frame of geometric control theory: as a key novelty, they are allowed here to have singularities, opposite to the smooth measures usually employed in the existing literature on geometry and analysis in sR manifolds. In this framework, we aim at proving:
(1) sR isoperimetric inequalities for singular measures, and investigate relations with the standing Pansu’s conjecture about the shape of isoperimetric sets in the Heisenberg group;
(2) Essential self-adjointness and stochastic completeness of the intrinsic sR Laplacian, amounting to prove the conjectured confinement of the heat and of quantum particles to the non-singular region;
(3) Heat kernel estimates, i.e., qualitative informations on the solutions to the Heat equation for the intrinsic sR Laplacian.
Our objectives will follow by proving suitable functional inequalities encoding geometric properties of the underlying space, that we call metric-measure inequalities. This will be done thanks to an original interaction between variational and control theoretic techniques, respectively typical of the backgrounds of the applicant and of the Supervisor. Through this innovative point of view, we will obtain new results in the context of sR geometry and provide new techniques to study geometry and dynamics on metric-measure spaces presenting singularities.
Effects of preoperative ketamine on the endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory response to laparoscopic surgery.

Ketamine is hypothesized to reduce perioperative endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses in cardiac surgery patients. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was performed to determine whether perioperative endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses are attenuated by preoperative administration of ketamine to healthy females receiving elective laparoscopic surgery.Forty female patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist classification I or II who elected to receive gynecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned to the ketamine-treated (group K; n = 20) or control (group C; n = 20) group. At 2 minutes prior to induction patients in group K received ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) whereas those in group C received normal saline. All patients received standardized general anesthesia. Serum glucose and cortisol values were measured before ketamine administration (T0), 2 minutes after tracheal intubation (T1), 30 minutes after skin incision (T2), 2 minutes after tracheal extubation (T3) and 1 hour postoperatively (T4). Serum interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α values were determined at T0 and T4. Postoperative analgesic efficacy, side effects of administered drugs, and time to discharge were recorded.Compared with subjects in group C, those in group K had lower serum glucose values at T1, T2, T3 and T4 and lower serum cortisol values at T4 (P < 0.05). Postoperative interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations for group K were lower than those for group C (P < 0.05). Postoperative visual analog scale scores at rest, cumulative fentanyl consumption, and time to discharge were lower in group K as compared to group C (P < 0.05). No significant differences in drug side effects were observed postoperatively between the two groups.Endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory responses to laparoscopic surgery are attenuated in part by pre-incisional administration of ketamine.
Investigating the onset of multi-ring impact basin formation

Multi-ring basins represent some of the largest, oldest, rarest and, therefore, least understood impact crater structures. Various theories have been put forward to explain their formation; there is currently, however, no consensus. Here, numerical modeling is used to investigate the onset of multi-ring basin formation on the Moon using two thermal profiles suitable for the lunar basin-forming epoch. Various multi-ring basin formation hypotheses are discussed, compared, and evaluated against target deformation and strain distribution in the models, as well as geological and geophysical observations. The mechanism that most closely resembles the numerical models in terms of basin formation and structure, as well as observations, appears to be the ring tectonic theory, whereby ring formation is dependent on transient cavities penetrating entirely through the Moon’s lithosphere into the asthenosphere below. The numerical models suggest that all lunar basins larger than Schrodinger (320 km diameter) should be capable of forming multiple rings, as their transient cavities penetrate into the asthenosphere for both thermal profiles. Additionally, the models demonstrate that the target’s thermal profile starts to influence basin formation and structure when impact energy exceeds that of the Schrodinger event.
Caprolactam production process

Cyclic lactams are prepared by reacting aminocarbonitriles with water in the liquid phase in a fixed bed reactor in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a catalytically active oxide, which has no soluble constituents under the reaction conditions and which consists of shaped articles obtainable by shaping the oxide into shaped articles and, before or after said shaping, treating the oxide with from 0.1 to 30% by weight, based on the oxide, of an acid in which the oxide is sparingly soluble.
DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REGULATING DEVICES

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Diagnoseverfahren (100) für Temperiervorrichtungen (10) zur Temperierung von Anlagen (20) zwecks Identifikation und/oder Lokalisierung von Fehlern in einer Temperiervorrichtung, die mit ein oder mehreren ersten Sensoren (1) sowie ein oder mehreren weiteren Komponenten (3), die zur Sicherstellung des Betriebs der Anlage (20) mit der Temperiervorrichtung (10) vorgesehen sind, und mit ein oder mehreren zweiten Sensoren (2), die zur Messung des Zustands der Temperiervorrichtung (10) und/oder der Umgebungsbedingungen um die Temperiervorrichtung (10) herum vorgesehen sind, ausgestattet ist, umfassend nachfolgende Schritte- Bestimmen (110) der Temperiervorrichtung (10), die mit einem Diagnoselauf überprüft werden soll;- Entkoppeln (120) der Temperiervorrichtung (10) von der Anlage (20);- Anschließen (130) der Temperiervorrichtung (10) an einen definierten Verbraucher (30); und- Ausführen (140) des Diagnoselaufs für die Temperiervorrichtung (10) mittels eines Diagnoseprogramms (5), wobei das Diagnoseprogramm (5) die Komponenten (3) sowie die ersten und zweiten Sensoren (1, 2) der Temperiervorrichtung (10) in einer im Diagnoseprogramm (5) hinterlegten vorbestimmten Reihenfolge überprüft, bis der Fehler in der Temperiervorrichtung (10) identifiziert und/oder lokalisiert ist.
Innovation becoming trajectories: leveraging lateral and vertical moves for collaborative diffusion of twenty-first century learning practices

AbstractThis paper argues for innovation diffusion as a “becoming” process in the context of lateral and vertical moves. The context of these innovations involves technology-mediated innovations and their diffusion trajectories in the Singapore education system. Embedded in a centralized-decentralized dialectics, this paper traces particular innovations from their nascent beginnings to their present state of play. We found that the cases we observed had lateral (or decentralized) moves and were subsequently supported by vertical (or centralized) ones. Characterizing these innovation diffusions was challenging as we found them to move across models according to different granularities and levels of analysis. Instead, we have chosen to characterize these diffusion patterns as “innovation becoming”. We attempt to distil some substantive generalizations from three case studies presented and how decisions can be made for future innovation diffusions. We recognize that the trajectory for innovation diffusion is...
A multi-center randomized, placebo-controlled trial of mirabegron, a new beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist on left ventricular mass and diastolic function in patients with structural heart disease

Patients with cardiovascular risk factors, e.g. hypertension and obesity are at risk of developing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a highly prevalent disease in the elderly, mostly women population. There is currently no specific, defined treatment for HFpEF, beyond control of risk factors. Activation of cardiac and vascular Beta3-adrenergic receptors (B3AR) represents a new concept and a novel target for structural cardiac disease. B3AR expression and coupling were demonstrated in human myocardium and vasculature. In pre-clinical models with expression of the human receptor, its activation attenuates myocardial remodelling, i.e. decreases hypertrophy and fibrosis in response to neurohormonal or hemodynamic stress. Mirabegron is a new agonist of B3AR available for human use, that was recently introduced for a non-cardiovascular indication (overactive bladder disease).  The primary objective of the project is to design and implement a multi-centric, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial testing the additional beneficial effect of mirabegron, versus placebo over 12 months on top of standard treatment of patients carrying structural cardiac disease without overt heart failure (stage B of AHA classification); the co-primary end-point will be the quantitative change in  myocardial hypertrophy measured by cardiac MRI; and in diastolic ventricular function, measured by Doppler echocardiography (E/E’); in addition, exercise tolerance (peak VO2) will be measured as well as circulating biomarkers reflecting both myocardial remodeling and function. In addition, we will test the effect of mirabegron on beige/brown fat activation and metabolism. Our proposal therefore combines a major conceptual advance and repurposing of an original drug to validate pre-clinical discoveries in the context of a major health problem.
Procurements of innovative, advanced systems to support security in public transport – pre-commercial procurment

The global aim of PREVENT Pre-Commercial Procurement is to augment the security in public transport through innovative procurement of technology solutions. The proposed technologies will endow Public Transport Operators with solutions enhancing security situational awareness through: i) Timely automatic detection of potentially dangerous unattended items in Public Transport Infrastructure and in public areas in the vicinity; ii) Identification and tracking of perpetrators; and iii) Advanced crisis management system. The PREVENT PCP project builds on the outcomes of its predecessor PREVENT, and it continues the top-down approach that allowed consolidating commonly agreed scenarios, covering the critical security issues down to a detailed identification of the complete set of innovation needs, both at process and technology levels, to ease coordination across the full chain of stakeholders, from transport operators to security forces and public authorities. Therefore, the need for innovative solutions stems from a longer collaboration and is driven by commonly identified internal needs to improve the quality and efficiency of pre-empting terrorist attacks. The project will conduct a phased Pre-Commercial Procurement composed of: Phase 1: To finalise the tendering documents package already prepared under PREVENT CAS; Phase 2: To implement the call for tenders for research and development services; Phase 3: To conduct the competitive development of the prototypes following the PCP principles (design stage, integration & technical verification stage and validation in real environment stage); Phase 4: To consolidate the results of the evaluation of the developed prototypes, extract conclusions and recommendations from the validation process, and to define a clear strategy for the further uptake of solutions. PREVENT PCP involve 13 public buyers coming from 6 different EU countries and will validate 2 different prototypes in 4 pilots: France, Spain, Portugal and Greece.
Seeing through Network-Protocol Obfuscation

Censorship-circumvention systems are designed to help users bypass Internet censorship. As more sophisticated deep-packet-inspection (DPI) mechanisms have been deployed by censors to detect circumvention tools, activists and researchers have responded by developing network protocol obfuscation tools. These have proved to be effective in practice against existing DPI and are now distributed with systems such as Tor. In this work, we provide the first in-depth investigation of the detectability of in-use protocol obfuscators by DPI. We build a framework for evaluation that uses real network traffic captures to evaluate detectability, based on metrics such as the false-positive rate against background (i.e., non obfuscated) traffic. We first exercise our framework to show that some previously proposed attacks from the literature are not as effective as a censor might like. We go on to develop new attacks against five obfuscation tools as they are configured in Tor, including: two variants of obfsproxy, FTE, and two variants of meek. We conclude by using our framework to show that all of these obfuscation mechanisms could be reliably detected by a determined censor with sufficiently low false-positive rates for use in many censorship settings.
Novel temperature-sensitive and pH-sensitive polyurethane membranes: preparation and characterization

The polyurethane (PU) membranes with temperature and pH double sensitivities for water permeation were designed and prepared from a two-step solution polymerization from the crystalline polycaprolactone diols (PCL), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and pH-sensitive 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), etc. The structure and properties of PU membranes were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry meter, contact angle tester, mechanical tester, porosity tests, water flux tests, water absorption tests, etc. Results showed that all PU membranes had a similar crystalline melting transition in their soft segments. With increasing DMPA content, or −COOH group content, the mechanical property of PU membranes was decreased, but the surface wettability and porosity of PU membranes were increased, which were expected to improve the water flux and water absorption of PU membranes. When the environment temperature was raised above the temperature of crystal-melting transition (Tm) of the soft segments, the water fluxes across these PU membranes changed markedly, showing the temperature sensitivity. When pH varied around the dissociation constant (pKa) of DMPA contained in PU(2), PU(3) and PU(4) macromolecules, their water fluxes and water absorption were also obviously changed, showing the pH sensitivity. © 2014 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phenylbutazone Salt

By reacting together p- chlorophenoxyacetic acid, beta - diethylaminoethylamine and 4-n- butyl-3,5-diketo-1,2-diphenyl- pyrazolidine in the medium of a non- polar solvent at the temperature of 107 to 148 DEG C, the molecular compound of these three reactants is obtained in a single reaction, the said compound having the Formula 1 <IMAGE> The molecular compound is isolated from the reaction medium and purified by crystallisation from an organic water-miscible polar solvent containing not less than two moles of water per mole of the molecular compound. The molecular compound produced by the process according to the invention has antiphlogistic and antirheumatic properties.
Investigation of Soil and Bearing Capacity in Different Site Conditions

Soil is a loose deposit of minerals and organic particles occupying top position of earth crust. It is naturally available material produced by weathering of the rock. Soil being the product of nature, its properties may vary from site to site. In todays context due to massive increase in population, urbanization and rapid industrialization, there is no option left but to adopt construction on limited available lands like waste disposal site and the sites where water table is nearer to ground. So it is very essential to study geotechnical properties of soil in such typical site conditions and civil engineer must be ready to plan, design, construct structures and maintain them throughout the life of structures. The record of trial pits bore hole and testing of soils collected from different site locations and depths gives necessary input for design of foundations. In the present paper the geotechnical investigations for the proposed construction of fund servants quarters and school building for Cantonment Board at Aurangabad is carried out. Based on the study and judicious judgment the depth of foundation is decided.
Pluto–Charon solar wind interaction dynamics

Abstract This work studies Charon’s effects on the Pluto-solar wind interaction using a multifluid MHD model which simulates the interactions of Pluto and Charon with the solar wind as well as with each other. Specifically, it investigates the ionospheric dynamics of a two body system in which either one or both bodies possess an ionosphere. Configurations in which Charon is directly upstream and directly downstream of Pluto are considered. Depending on ionospheric and solar wind conditions, Charon could periodically pass into the solar wind flow upstream of Pluto. The results of this study demonstrate that in these circumstances Charon modifies the upstream flow, both in the case in which Charon possesses an ionosphere, and in the case in which Charon is without an ionosphere. This modification amounts to a change in the gross structure of the interaction region when Charon possesses an ionosphere but is more localized when Charon lacks an ionosphere. Furthermore, evidence is shown that supports Charon acting to partially shield Pluto from the solar wind when it is upstream of Pluto, resulting in a decrease in ionospheric loss by Pluto.
Whole earth systems during neoproterozoic animal evolution

The late Neoproterozoic Era marks some of the most important changes in the biogeochemical evolution of our planet. During the late Cryogenian,Ediacaran and Early Cambrian Periods (ca. 650–520 Ma), our planet was marked by a global icehouse event (‘Snowball Earth’), a rapid rise in oxygen content of the atmosphere, evolution of animals and complex life forms and the amalgamation of the Gondwanian supercontinent, which formed the earliest ‘modern’ style mountain belts with the deep burial of continental crust resulting from massive continental-continental collisions. So far, biogeochemical modelling, geochemical analysis and general circulation climate models (GCMs) have linked all these key events to plate tectonic processes. However, there is yet to be a fully complete linked tectonic-biogeochemical-climate model, where geologically grounded parameters are passed directly into both biogeochemical and GCMs, principally because there is no full tectonic model of this time. Recent advancements in plate tectonic modelling have produced models that map the explicit kinematic evolution of plate boundaries and tectonic plates back to 1 Ga. Using this model as a foundation, I propose to construct secondary tectonic parameters (palaeobathymetry, palaeotopography, carbon flux) of the world between 650 and 520 Ma in order to act as a series of boundary conditions for a GCM and biogeochemical model. The GCM is constructed using the surface conditions from the tectonic parameters (palaeobathymetry, palaeotopography, continental positions) to produce surface temperature and hydrological estimates at key time intervals. These estimates, along with carbon flux estimates—calculated using the same plate model—are used to derive self-consistent biogeochemical cycles (e.g. O2, CO2, P cycles) which can then be evaluated against independent proxies from the geological record, allowing us to independently evaluate the impact of tectonic drivers on these pronounced global events.
Hybrid nanostructured oligonucleotide platforms for biomedical applications

Nanotechnology has received widespread attention in the last several decades due to the technological breakthroughs it has enabled across sectors from electronics to medicine. Towards the great challenges that nanotechnology arise, Nano-OligoMed has the ambition to establish and support a network of international collaboration, enabling a collaborative scientific team to effectively use a diversity of approaches and strategies to generate and test hybrid nanomaterials for the efficient and safe systemic delivery of oligonucleotide-based therapeutic agents. To this end, we have set-up a joint multidisciplinary scientific collaborative programme that through exchange, international mobility, and strongly collaborative transfer of knowledge and training activities between 4 European and 3 extra-European countries, will bring together leading experts under the field of “nanomaterials in biomedicine”. The scientific aim of Nano-OligoMed is the creation of degradable hybrid structures that combine the rigid, inert silica with the delicate programmable oligonucleotides or artificial oligonucleotide-mimics. The possibility to develop novel oligonucleotide-based materials will enable a) the degradation of the drug carrier at the presence of a specific input as a function of the intrinsic bio-responsive feature of oligonucleotides, b) the activation of a therapeutic function as a result of the bio-molecular interaction between the oligonucleotide-based material and the molecular target (i.e. miRNAs) and c) the delivery of the chemical payload (DNA and/or artificial mimics, even in combination with cancer drugs) upon cell internalization. The international academic networking, the broadening of the research skills, the educational activities, will provide to young (PhD students) and senior scientists, specific competences in the field of materials sciences, nanotechnology, molecular biology and molecular medicine.