SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger enhancement that increases energy efficiency in the oil, gas, power & chemical process sectors

In oil refineries, the Pre-Heat Train (PHT) is a network of usually shell-and-tube heat exchangers which aims to reduce the energy requirements in the crude distillation unit, i.e. the unit where the fractionation of the all the crude-oil takes place. When the PHT does not work efficiently, more fuel must be burnt in the downstream furnace. A typical decay rate in the coil inlet temperature in the PHT is 2-5℃ per year, or 8-11℃ per year according to less optimistic estimates. A yearly average drop of 5℃ costs a refinery about €1 - €1,5 million. A 1℃ drop in the furnace coil inlet temperature has been reported to cost for a UK refinery (processing 210,000 bbl per day ) ca. €400,000 per year. 
There are several modifications or enhancements that can improve heat exchanger efficiency, but unless they are installed during manufacturing, it is not cost efficient to apply them after the heat exchanger has been put to operation. 
The Flow Enhancer is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger enhancement that improves crude oil flow from the header’s inlet towards the heat exchanger’s tubes. It ensures reduced turbulence, a 10% increase in tube inflow velocity and a corresponding 7°C increase in outlet temperature. The potential savings to refineries could reach up to €1.8m per year and a 9:1 return on investment.
In order to ensure the adoption of the technology, we have formed a partnership that brings together all the necessary elements: technology, manufacturing, commercialisation and scientific analysis to develop a marketing strategy based on proven results. The Flow Enhancer will increase the efficiency of European and global refineries, with significant environmental benefits, as it results in a reduction of 8 tonnes of CO2 per day for each 100k barrels processed, and has the potential to reduce EU CO2 emissions by 466k tonnes per year.
Redox processes in the safety case of deep geological repositories of radioactive wastes. Contribution of the European RECOSY Collaborative Project

Redox processes influence key geochemical characteristics controlling radionuclide behaviour in the near and far field of a nuclear waste repository. A sound understanding of redox related processes is therefore of high importance for developing a Safety Case, the collection of scientific, technical, administrative and managerial arguments and evidence in support of the safety of a disposal facility. This manuscript presents the contribution of the specific research on redox processes achieved within the EURATOM Collaborative Project RECOSY (REdox phenomena COntrolling SYstems) to the Safety Case of nuclear waste disposal facilities. Main objectives of RECOSY were related to the improved understanding of redox phenomena controlling the long-term release or retention of radionuclides in nuclear waste disposal and providing tools to apply the results to Performance Assessment and the Safety Case. The research developed during the project covered aspects of the near-field and the far-field aspects of the repository, including studies relevant for the rock formations considered in Europe as suitable for hosting an underground repository for radioactive wastes. It is the intention of this paper to highlight in which way the results obtained from RECOSY can feed the scientific process understanding needed for the stepwise development of the Safety Case associated with deep geological disposal of radioactive wastes.
ACQUISTO AUTOVEICOLO VW TRANSPORTER VAN

FINALITÃÂ ÃÂ : TRANSIZIONE GREEN OBBIETTIVI: - PROMUOVERE LA MOBILITÃÂ ÃÂ SOSTENIBILE NEI PROCESSI AZIENDALI: INTERVENTI FINALIZZATI ALL'ACQUISTO DI AUTOVEICOLI FUNZIONALI ALLA RIDUZIONE DEGLI IMPATTI AMBIENTALI
Reversible formation of CdSe nanoparticles in aqueous solutions by high-energy electron beam irradiation

An unusual reversible effect was observed in the synthesis of CdSe nanoparticles in the aqueous tertiary butanol solutions containing equimolar Cd[NH3]4SO4 and Na2SeSO3 by the high-energy electron beam irradiation. These nanoparticles were found to be unstable in the aqueous solutions and decomposed upon exposure to air/oxygen. However, they were stable in the de-aerated aqueous solutions and both aerated and de-aerated organic solvents. The decomposed aqueous solutions again produced these nanoparticles upon irradiation with the electron beam. On the contrary, the cadmium selenide nanoparticles synthesized with the cobalt-60 γ-irradiation, were stable under ambient conditions and did not exhibit any reversible behavior. This was attributed to the vast differences in the dose rates involved in the two types of synthetic processes, leading to a remarkable variation in the crystal structure and size of the nanoparticles.
Effect of nematophagous fungi on reproduction of Meloidogyne enterolobii on guava (Psidium guajava) plants

Abstract The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii, is a major disease of guava, Psidium guajava, in Brazil and other countries. Egg-pathogenic fungi are considered potential biological control agents of root-knot nematodes and are associated with suppression of Meloidogyne spp. Glasshouse experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of the fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus and Pochonia chlamydosporia on a population of M. enterolobii growing on guava plants. Guava seedlings of about 15-20 cm growing in plastic bags were inoculated with 10 000 eggs of M. enterolobii plant−1. Two months later, three isolates of P. lilacinus and one isolate of P. chlamydosporia were inoculated in the infested plants. The effect of the treatments was evaluated 6 months later. Although plant infection by nematodes was not attenuated, the number of eggs (g roots)−1 fell significantly. The number of egg masses infected with the fungi was inversely correlated with the number of eggs found in the roots. The most effective result (61.5% of control) was obtained with the isolate CG1003 of P. chlamydoporia, which was originally isolated from eggs of M. enterolobii in Brazil, followed by P. lilacinus (CG959 and CG1038) with about 40% of control. These fungi showed the ability to colonise healthy guava roots in glasshouse experiments. These results suggest that P. chlamydosporia can be selected as a potential biological control agent to be employed with other strategies in integrated management to control M. enterolobii on guava.
Ground‐Motion Prediction Models for Arias Intensity and Cumulative Absolute Velocity for Japanese Earthquakes Considering Single‐Station Sigma and Within‐Event Spatial Correlation

Abstract Arias intensity ( I A ) and cumulative absolute velocity (CAV) are ground‐motion measures that have been found to be well suited to application in a number of problems in earthquake engineering. Both measures reflect multiple characteristics of the ground motion (e.g., amplitude and duration), despite being scalar measures. In this study, new ground‐motion prediction models for the average horizontal component of I A and CAV are developed, using an extended database of strong‐motion records from Japan, including the 2011 Tohoku event. The models are valid for magnitude greater than 5.0, rupture distance less than 300 km, and focal depth less than 150 km. The models are novel because they take account of ground‐motion data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake while incorporating other important features such as event type and regional anelastic attenuation. The residuals from the ground‐motion modeling are analyzed in detail to gain further insights into the uncertainties related to the developed median prediction equations for I A and CAV. The site‐to‐site standard deviations are computed and spatial correlation analysis is carried out for I A and CAV, considering both within‐event residuals and within‐event single‐site residuals for individual events as well as for the combined dataset.
SINGLE-SHEET TOILET PAPER DISPENSER

The invention relates to a single-sheet toilet paper dispenser (1) for the provision of single-sheet toilet paper (6), a rectangular stack of individual, folded sheets (6) of toilet paper being provided with a casing (3) and a suspension element (2) for slipping onto a peg being provided on an upper face (4) of the casing (3) enclosing the rectangular stack. According to the invention, a removal opening for individual sheets (6) of toilet paper is arranged on a lower face (5) of the casing (3) enclosing the rectangular stack, said lower face being opposite the upper face (4). The casing (3) is made of a LDPE (low density polyethylene) plastic into which antimicrobial nanoparticles are embedded. A single-sheet toilet paper dispenser of this design has a good antimicrobial efficacy for reducing the risk of infection for subsequent users and the casing (3) is characterized by good biodegradability.
Bucci SAS DI BELLINGERI ELIA & C.

La COMPAGNIE D’ACCOMMODATION SEMPLICE BUCCI SAS DI BELLINGERI ELIA & C HAS FOR OGGETTO THE GESTION OF BAR AND RESTAURANT «TORRE AURORA», CONSTITUTED le 8/03/2017, AVEC SEDE JURIDIQUE À MONTEROSSO À MONTEROSSO. LE RESTAURANT TORRE AURORA S’ÉLÈVE AU-DESSUS DE LA MER, SOUS LA COLLINE DES CAPUCINS ET DIVISE LA RÉGION DE FEGINA DE L’ANCIEN VILLAGE. LE GÉRANT DU RESTAURANT, ELIA BELLINGERI, A CRÉÉ UNE CHAMBRE AU STYLE UNIQUE SANS DÉFIGURER LA BEAUTÉ DE L’ANCIENNE TOUR ET PRÊTER ATTENTION À CHAQUE DÉTAIL. LE RESTAURANT EST DIVISÉ EN: UNE PIÈCE INTÉRIEURE, UN BAR, UN COIN CUISINE, UN ENTREPÔT, DES SALLES DE BAINS ET UN TRÈS GRAND ESPACE EXTÉRIEUR.
BALLISTIC RESISTANT ARTICLES COMPRISING ELONGATE BODIES

The invention pertains to a ballistic-resistant moulded article comprising a compressed stack of sheets comprising reinforcing elongate bodies, wherein at least some of the elongate bodies are polyethylene elongate bodies which have a weight average molecular weight of at least 100 000 gram/mole and a Mw/Mn ratio of at most 6. The polyethylene elongate bodies preferably have a weight average. molecular weight of at least 300 000 gram/mole, in particular at least 400 000 gram/mole, still more in particular at least 500 000 gram/mole. When polyethylene elongate bodies are tapes, they preferably have a 200/110 uniplanar orientation parameter of at least 3. Where the elongate bodies are fibres, they preferably have a 020 uniplanar orientation parameter of at most 55. A method for manufacturing the ballistic-resistant moulded article is also claimed.
The use of odd-ending numbers in the pricing of five tourism services in three different cultures

Abstract The study measured the extent to which the 1 through 9 digits were used as price endings by suppliers of five tourism services in three different cultures represented by New York City, Seoul, and Shanghai. Four results emerged. The first confirmed the hypothesis, but the other three results were contrary to expectations. First, 9 and 8-ending prices were dominant in New York City and in Shanghai, respectively. Second, these culture specific endings were complemented by the universality of the 0 and 5- digit endings of prices which were ranked first and second, respectively, in Seoul, second and third in Shanghai, and third and second in New York. Third, 9-ending prices were not used more frequently when they resulted in a lowering of the leftmost digit. Fourth, dominant cultural specific price endings were not used more frequently in lower than in higher priced tourism services.
Análisis de las exportaciones de servicios paraguayos al Reino de España 2019 - 2021 y futuras oportunidades de intercambio

El presente trabajo de investigación busca interpretar las perspectivas del comercio internacional de servicios entre España y Paraguay al entrar en vigor su acuerdo multilateral. Este análisis corresponde a un estudio exploratorio mixto, con el cual se analizaron datos cuantitativos secundarios histórico de mercado y cualitativo como análisis de contenido comparado de acuerdos multilaterales. Dicho análisis fue elaborado a través de la consulta de sistemas de información de inteligencia comercial y estadística de fuente secundarias correspondiente a organismos oficiales, gubernamentales nacionales, supranacionales y periodísticos de ambos países y el mundo. La futura entrada en vigor del acuerdo implica muchos procesos de adecuación de las competencias de los profesionales paraguayos, para poder acceder al mercado de servicios español previos a su instauración como un establecimiento, y de periodos de adecuación para prestación en las modalidades transfronteriza y consumo en el exterior.
Reading global. constructions of world literature and latin america

The debate on world literature is among the most significant cultural historical controversies of our time. This contribution to the debate aims to pursue two goals in particular:

a) A groundbreaking theoretical approach to the current shift in focus of the concept of World Literature that will involve both the displacement of Eurocentric forms of knowledge and a comprehensive review of selection processes in a globalized publishing world. 

b) An innovative investigation of the production and selection of literature that eschews an established canon as a point of departure. This approach is based, among other things, on newly available archival materials from publishing houses active on the international market, which will provide information on mechanisms of exclusion in the global book market. 

Informed by multiple critical perspectives on current theories, this five-year, six-member project will investigate the implicit selection mechanisms involved in the global circulation of literature, which touch on the material, economic, and visual dimensions of these processes and have so far received little to no attention. The project takes as its focus the exemplary case of Latin American literatures and their global circulation for the period from 1959 to the present. Unique among global regions in its comparative cultural, historical, and political homogeneity, Latin America offers the opportunity to investigate processes of external projection (exoticization), mechanisms of exclusion, and current transformations of the global market of culture. This interdisciplinary project combines literary studies methodologies with a cultural studies perspective on the World Literature debate and likewise integrates approaches from visual studies and economics. The global comparative analysis of publishing policies will provide groundbreaking knowledge on the processes of reception, canon formation and exclusion in the international circulation of literature.
A fuel saving, emission reducing and cost effective continuosuly variable transmission for european passenger vehicles

A transmission system converts engine speed into drive speed.  Manual and automatic systems dominate the market; in Europe, manual transmission is favoured but automatic popularity is increasing due to its smooth driving experience.  However, these systems suffer from comparatively low efficiencies.  In addition, neither manual nor automatic helps manufacturers meet stringent emission regulations.  Powertrain innovations, including continuously variable transmission (CVT), aim to overcome this issue.  CVTs hold the third largest market share but have problems with hydraulic control systems that limit achievable efficiency.
Our fully patent protected solution, the KRG, is a cone ring CVT, which eliminates the need for hydraulic control through our novel ring adjustment system.  The KRG is lighter and smaller than competition, this allows us to offer 20-30% production cost savings  with users benefiting from 25% improved efficiency and up to 20% reduced fuel consumption and CO2 savings.  Previous development includes a micro-car KRG that is currently being commercialised in Asia; we are now seeking funding to support development and advancement of our product’s capability to support larger vehicles for the European market with the intention of rolling-out in Europe by 2020.  
Following successful commercialisation, we have provisionally forecast a five-year ROI to the EC of 8:1.  However, to realise sales and achieve this, we must generate full customer confidence in performance and commercial benefit generation at scale under commercial operating conditions.  This Phase 1 Feasibility study will allow us to identify and plan critical development activities and test our proposed business model with the European market.  This will place us in a strong position going into an extended development project, as we can be confident in solution uptake following market launch.
Perfused organs-on-a-chip integrated with teer measurement technique: a novel approach towards studying non-targeted drug induced organ toxicity

PORTable STaNDOuTs aims to develop a multiple Organs-on-a-Chip (MOOC) microfluidic device integrated with electrodes for carrying out Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements. The key motivation for adopting such an approach is to develop a rapid, versatile and cost-effective prototype with ability for real-time monitoring to replace the conventional long and cost-ineffective preclinical procedures involved in the drug development process. On administration of an oral pharmaceutical drug, major organs that are involved in the absorption and metabolism of drug are intestine and liver. The drug is then distributed to different target organs such as brain, heart, lung, etc. Finally, the drug metabolites are eliminated from the human system with the help of kidney.  Additionally, it has also been found that certain drug metabolites produced by the liver cause non-target drug induced organ toxicity. TEER measurement is a rapid and non-invasive technique for the real-time detection of pathophysiology. TEER indicates the integrity of the cell membrane barrier of different organs that is necessary for maintaining homeostasis within the human body. In view of this, we intend to fabricate a physiologically-mimicking perfused intestine-liver-kidney microfluidic chip with provision for carrying out in-chip TEER measurements. The device will be designed to consist of three compartments for organs namely, intestine, liver and kidney, independently equipped with electrodes for measuring TEER values to detect the integrity of cell membrane barriers in each organ compartment. The developed device will be then subsequently validated for its ability to study drug-induced nephrotoxity. Furthermore, the device will also be made versatile to incorporate other organs of interest to study non-target organ toxicity. Thus, the developed MOOC microfluidic device will surely boost the drug development process that will successively improve the health security of the society.
Nature-Inspired circular recycling for polymers

In 2070, 10^12 Kg of plastics (polymers) could be produced yearly in a world inhabited by 11 billion people. Hence, we have ~50 years to address this sustainability challenge. The sourcing and disposing of such quantities without a significant environmental impact will not be possible, even if everything is bio-sourced and bio-degraded. Yet, on earth, there are >10^12 Kg of proteins (one of Nature’s polymers). They are sustainable because they are recycled in a circular way. If we exemplify their metabolism, proteins are decomposed by living organisms into their monomeric constituents (the amino acids, AAs); the cell machinery uses such AAs to synthesize new proteins that have little in common with the original ones. This is only possible because a protein is a specific sequence of AAs bound together by cleavable peptide bonds, i.e. proteins are sequence-defined polymers, SDPs. Nature reuses and does not degrade AAs, thus assuring protein sustainability. This project aims at showing that such a circular approach to recycle SDPs is possible for technologically-relevant polymers using engineering-sound laboratory processes. One aim is to show that b-Lactoglobulin, a milk protein used as a component for water filtration membranes, can be digested into its AAs, that, in turn, can be used to form Fibroin, a silk protein used in resistive switching memory devices. Fibroin will be converted into Keratin, a wool protein, that will be converted back into b-Lactoglobulin. Another aim is to perform the whole process within an automated and scalable robotic platform. The final aim is to expand this concept from natural proteins to DNA and non-natural SDPs. There would be a paradigm shift in plastic recycling, if a random mixture of any polymers could be used to produce any other polymer on earth, without taxing the planet with degradation products. Scope of this project is to show that such a vision in the circular use of polymers is scientifically and technologically possible.
Haiti RELAY: A Cost-Effective and Portable Solar Home System for Rural Haitian Regions

Haiti is a Caribbean country located next to the Dominican Republic on the island of Hispaniola. Currently the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti suffers from a lack of energy infrastructure leaving over 7.4 million people without power. The electrification rates are the worst in the rural, mountainous regions of Haiti where in 2013 only 15% of residents had access to electricity. The Georgia Institute of Technology’s Haiti RELAY team was created in 2015 to help spark the growth of electrification rates in these regions through the development of a simple, cost-effective, and portable solar home system called the “Haiti RELAY”. This fully-integrated solar charge controller device was designed through a data-driven approach to provide a consistent means for house lighting and phone charging. In May 2018, the Haiti RELAY team travelled to enact the Haiti RELAY pilot program in the mountains of Thoman, Haiti. As a part of this program, 25 families acquired a RELAY and agreed to provide feedback to help the team understand the efficacy of the design and the necessary improvements for moving the product towards full-scale production. This paper details the energy situation in Haiti, construction and functionality of the Haiti RELAY, and the results of the 2018 mission to Thoman.
Getting the Most Out of HSQC and HMBC Spectra

Abstract As the title suggests, this chapter focuses on HSQC and HMBC spectra, two critically important spectra for organic structure determination by two-dimensional NMR. The relative merits of the HSQC sequence and the alternative HMQC sequence are discussed, and the performances of different versions of the HSQC sequence are evaluated, using three test compounds. It is shown that recent modifications of the HSQC sequence have eliminated or minimized earlier weaknesses of this sequence, leading to a more than twofold increase in signal/noise, particularly for edited HSQC spectra. In the case of HMBC, the impact of recent modifications of the sequence is much less than for HSQC. However, the choice of acquisition and processing parameters can have a dramatic effect on the signal/noise of HMBC spectra. A few of the numerous variants of HMBC that have been proposed to compensate for weaknesses of this sequence are considered. While they potentially yield more information, this is at the expense of signal/noise.