SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Valorising small diameter trees by cutting them with laser

Lasercut consists on an innovative processing line transforming 200m3 of log of small-diameter hardwood to exploit for the first time the full potential of its timber for the manufacturing industry (400€/m3), adding profitability to the wood chain: forest owners/managers will increase profitability and turnover from small-diameter trees by 15% and 25% respectively. Additionally, the period between profitable harvests will be reduced by half (10-12 years instead of 25 years). The project will also allow both a 3-fold increase in sawmills’ productivity, and a reduction in sawdust and waste (80% and 50% respectively). And all this will be technically possible by substituting current metal saws by a CO2 laser cutting head. This replacement is the key to succeed. Laser heads provide higher precision of the cut and a reduction in the cut wide (from current 3mm to 0,5mm). For a small diameter tree of average 15cm diameter, Lasercut will reduce cutting waste from current 20% to 3%.
Architecture, Functional Requirements, and Early Implementation of an Instrumentation Grid for the IoT

This paper presents an innovative architecture for the instrumentation layer of a pervasive large-scale information system. State of the art examples already include an instrumentation layer in a grid infrastructure; nontheless these systems were not designed for large-scale ad-hoc networks, rapidly deployed, continuously upgraded, and dynamically reconfigured when the system is on-line. The main contribution is that of designing an instrumentation layer coherent with existing infrastructures capable of being federated with others, and already providing robust virtualization services in what concerns user authentication and access, distributed storage, and computing power. The large-scale instrumentation layer is inspired by the Internet of Things, and will consist of a large number of autonomous nodes organized in Wireless Sensor Networks and accessing the Internet following the 6LoWPAN specifications. An early implementation of this architecture is proven to respond to use cases centered on data- and event-driven services; it also permits a large degree of flexibility and adaptiveness in end nodes applications.
IONIC LIQUID, SECONDARY BATTERY, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND VEHICLE

The present invention provides a novel ionic liquid. The present invention also provides a secondary battery which has high charge and discharge capacity and high safety. An ionic liquid which comprises a cation represented by general formula (G1) and an anion represented by structural formula (200). In the formulae, each of X1 to X3 independently represents a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom; one of the X1 to X3 moieties may be a hydrogen atom; and each of n and m independently represents a number from 0 to 5. A secondary battery which comprises the above-described ionic liquid.
Evaluation of Oyster Mushroom (<i>Pleurotus Ostreatus</i>) as a Biological Growth Promoter on Performance, Humoral Immunity, and Blood Characteristics of Broiler Chicks

This study was conducted to determine the impacts of two levels of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder on productive and carcass traits, humoral immune responses, and blood characteristics of Ross 308 male broiler chicks reared to 42 d of age in comparison with a prebiotic supplement. Two hundred and forty, day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments with four replicates of 15 chicks based on a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as control, prebiotic group receiving 1 g/kg A-Max (Mannan-oligosaccharides), 10, and 20 g/kg oyster mushroom powder added to the basal diet. The obtained results showed that inclusion of 20 g/kg mushroom powder significantly improved body weight over the starter and grower (P<0.05) while feed efficiency was improved only over the starter (P<0.05) period compared to the control group. Considering the entire experimental period, (1-42 d) birds receiving prebiotic supplemented diets exhibited the highest body weight and lowest feed conversion ratio relative to the other treatments (P<0.05). Carcass yield and internal organs relative weights were not influenced by dietary treatments, but prebiotic supplementation significantly (P<0.05) decreased abdominal fat pad compared to the control group. Newcastle, influenza and sheep red blood cell antibody responses of chicks did not differ significantly at either level of inclusion of supplements. Chicks fed supplemented diets had the lowest serum triglyceride concentration at 42 day (P<0.05) compared to the control chicks, but other biochemical and hematological values tested including protein, albumin, globulin, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol, red blood cell, white blood cell, hemoglobin and hematocrit were not markedly affected by treatments. In conclusion the obtained results indicated that oyster mushroom powder at an inclusion level of 20 g/kg of diet had favorable effects on performance criteria of chicks reared to 28 day of age while, prebiotic supplementation revealed its beneficial impact on chicks productive traits at slaughter age, besides reducing carcass abdominal fat and serum triglyceride concentration at 42 day.
Study on the effect of carbon emission trading mechanism on logistics distribution routing decisions

To solve the logistics distribution routing problem under the carbon emission trading mechanism,we introduce a carbon emission calculation method considering the vehicle load and speed.Based on TSP model,a logistics distribution routing model under carbon emission trading mechanism is proposed.It is shown that the routing arrangement under carbon emission trading mechanism is better to reduce carbon emissions over the traditional routing arrangement only considering economic cost.We analytically and numerically examine the impacts of carbon trade,carbon price and carbon cap on routing decisions,carbon emissions,and total cost.We make some interesting observations for logistics companies about how to control cost and reduce carbon emissions from the numerical analytical results.
The prognostic value of visually assessing enamel microcracks: Do debonding and adhesive removal contribute to their increase?

ABSTRACT Objective: To find a correlation between the severity of enamel microcracks (EMCs) and their increase during debonding and residual adhesive removal (RAR). Materials and Methods: Following their examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 90 extracted human premolars were divided into three groups of 30: group 1, teeth having pronounced EMCs (visible with the naked eye under normal room illumination); group 2, teeth showing weak EMCs (not apparent under normal room illumination but visible by SEM); and group 3, a control group. EMCs have been classified into weak and pronounced, based on their visibility. Metal brackets (MB) and ceramic brackets (CB), 15 of each type, were bonded to all the teeth from groups 1 and 2. Debonding was performed with pliers, followed by RAR. The location, length, and width of the longest EMCs were measured using SEM before and after debonding. Results: The mean overall width (Woverall) was higher for pronounced EMCs before and after debonding CB (P &amp;lt; .05), and after the removal of MB. Pronounced EMCs showed greater length values using both types of brackets. After debonding, the increase in Woverall of pronounced EMCs was 0.57 µm with MB (P &amp;lt; .05) and 0.30 µm with CB; for weak EMCs, − 0.32 µm with MB and 0.30 µm with CB. Conclusions: Although the teeth having pronounced EMCs showed higher width and length values, this did not predispose to greater EMCs increase after debonding MB and CB followed by RAR.
Effect of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and elicitation on the asiaticoside production in cell cultures of Centella asiatica

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (Apiaceae) is an important medicinal plant, and it has been using to prepare herbal medicines. The compounds responsible for the biological activity of C. asiatica are triterpenoids such as asiaticoside. Asiaticoside is also important as a marker for standardization of C. asiatica. Due to the low content, there is a need to enhance the production of asiaticoside of C. asiatica. The biotechnological approach is one of the methods that can be used to enhance its production.This study was designed to enhance the production of asiaticoside from C. asiatica using A. rhizogenes and elicitation experiments.Callus cultures were initiated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurin (BAP). All media were supplemented with 4% (w/w) sucrose and solidified with 0.9% agar. Elicitations were done using pectin, methyl jasmonate, and Cu(2+) ions. Transformed hairy root cultures were performed using A. rhizogenes.Callus culture of C. asiatica was successfully initiated. Enhancement of the production of asiaticoside in the callus culture by elicitors pectin was up to 31%; methyl jasmonate (50 μM) in cell suspension cultures at day 14 was up to 171% compared to explant and 494% compared to control callus; copper ion (25 μM) at day 21 was up to 144% compared to explant, and 676% compared to control cell suspension cultures. While enhancement by genetic transformation using A. rhizogenes was 166-172% compare to untransformed rootsElicitation and genetically transformed hairy root cultures of C. asiatica produced asiaticoside up to 172% higher than untreated callus.
Speech/Music Discrimination in Audio Podcast Using Structural Segmentation and Timbre Recognition

We propose two speech/music discrimination methods using timbre models and measure their performances on a 3 hour long database of radio podcasts from the BBC. In the first method, the machine estimated classifications obtained with an automatic timbre recognition (ATR) model are post-processed using median filtering. The classification system (LSF/K-means) was trained using two different taxonomic levels, a high-level one (speech, music), and a lower-level one (male and female speech, classical, jazz, rock & pop). The second method combines automatic structural segmentation and timbre recognition (ASS/ATR). The ASS evaluates the similarity between feature distributions (MFCC, RMS) using HMM and soft K-means algorithms. Both methods were evaluated at a semantic (relative correct overlap RCO), and temporal (boundary retrieval F-measure) levels. The ASS/ATR method obtained the best results (average RCO of 94.5% and boundary F-measure of 50.1%). These performances were favourably compared with that obtained by a SVM-based technique providing a good benchmark of the state of the art.
Development of innovative nutraceuticals from peels and nests of seed apples and Polish kiwi fruits supporting prevention and comprehensive treatment of metabolic diseases

SA 42799(2015/X) The project concerns the purchase of a service consisting of the development by the scientific unit of an innovative dietary supplement in the form of capsules and a liquid concentrate supporting the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. The dietary supplement planned for development will be based on high concentration of polyphenols, pectins and fiber extract from ecological skins and seed nests of apples. The composition will be complemented by rich in polyphenols, vitamins and minerals extract from the peels of mini kiwi fruits and a functional addition of bioactive peptides. The product to be developed is characterised by significantly better characteristics than the products currently available on the market. As a result of the planned research work, an innovative composition of the supplement with an unprecedented spectrum of activity will be developed. The formula used will significantly increase the concentration of bioactive substances and achieve comprehensive, synergistic health-promoting effects. The product will be completely free of chemicals and sugar. As a result of the implementation of the project, a product innovation will be created on the scale of the Polish and international market. Scope of the project: 1. Development of a method of extraction of polyphenols from the peel and seed nests of apples and mini kiwi 2. Development of the formulation of a dietary supplement based on extracts from the peel and seed nests of apples and mini kiwi skins 3. Developing a way of fermenting a dietary supplement to increase health-promoting properties 4. Conducting tests on patients 5. Industrial trials and validation of developed production technology, final product verification The result of the project will be product innovation: developed and tested dietary supplement. As a result of the project, production technology, composition and tests confirming the parameters and effectiveness of the supplement, including tests with end users, will be developed. The final result of the project will be ready for commercialisation of the product.
THE EMINENT THREATS OF COUNTERFEIT DRUGS TO QUALITY HEALTH CARE DELIVERY IN AFRICA: UPDATES ON CONSEQUENCES AND WAY FORWARD

Counterfeit drugs (CDs) continue to cause serious public health problems in many countries around the globe, particularly in the African countries which are their major consumers. Soft penalties for the drug counterfeiters; recent increase in internet commerce; ignorance and lack of effective partnership between drug companies, drug regulatory agencies, law enforcement bodies, customs, among others, have contributed to the rise in counterfeiting menace. However, governments at various levels in some of the affected countries do not accede to the menace of CDs, as they are implementing many strategies through the recent innovations and advancement in technology to curtail it. Nevertheless, there is still needs for taking more rigorous steps to achieve complete eradication of the crime. This review article presented the impact of CDs in the Africa’s quality health-care delivery, with particular attention to the causes, magnitude, and consequences. The review also identifies areas where concerted drug policies and actions are required to eradicate the drug counterfeiting crimes and also provides suggestions to drug’s policymakers and relevant stakeholders that may be useful in making decisions that can safeguard the public from the danger of CDs.
Towards sound comparisons of soil carbon stocks: A proposal based on the cumulative coordinates approach

Abstract The study of changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks as a result of land use or climate change requires sound criteria to compare SOC stocks in different plots. Just comparing SOC stored down to a standard depth (often, 30 cm) is prone to errors, owing to the changes in soil bulk density due to shifts in SOC content or the soil compaction due to heavy machinery. To solve this problem several approaches have been suggested. Jenkinson proposed in 1971 the concept of ‘equivalent soil depth’, the depth to which a soil should be sampled to reach a certain amount of fine mineral earth. Here we present a procedure which combines that concept with the modern cumulative coordinates approach (CCA). Our method involves sampling soils down to a given depth (30 cm) with a volumetric core sampler which maintains the profile structure, and divide the obtained core in depth layers (0–5, 5–15 and 15–30 cm). Each layer is studied separately for its stone and gravel content, fine earth (
Sarcopenia in adults with congenital heart disease: Nutritional status, dietary intake, and resistance training

This study aimed (1) to assess the nutritional status and dietary intake, (2) compare the body composition and nutritional intake between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia, and (3) evaluate the effects of resistance training and amino acid intake in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD).Study 1 In total, 172 adults with CHD were prospectively enrolled. The Food Frequency Questionnaire was used, and body composition analysis was conducted. Study 2: Thirty of 172 adult patients with CHD were divided into two groups: amino acid intake plus resistance training (group A) and amino acid intake only (group B) for 2 months.Study 1: Skeletal muscle mass index was lower in adults with CHD compared to healthy Japanese. Calorie, protein, and fat intake in adults with CHD was higher than those in the National Nutritive Intake Investigation; however, the difference in carbohydrate or salt intake was non-significant. Study 2: In adults with CHD in group A, body fat percentage, edema index, and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide improved, and body weight, skeletal muscle mass index, and basic metabolism increased after the intervention. There was no improvement after intervention for group B.According to this study, adults with CHD have higher calorie, protein, and fat intake than those in a national survey despite decreased skeletal muscle mass. Amino acid intake plus resistance training positively improved body fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass, and edema in adults with CHD. Appropriate nutritional education and resistance training guidelines should be provided.
Satellite-Based Offshore Wind Resource Assessment in the Mediterranean Sea

Identification of prominent sea areas for the efficient exploitation of offshore wind energy potential requires primarily the assessment and modeling of several aspects of the long-term wind climate. In this work, the offshore wind speed and wind direction climate of the Mediterranean Sea is analytically described, the corresponding offshore wind energy potential is estimated on an annual and seasonal basis, and candidate areas for potential offshore wind farm development are identified. The analysis is based on ocean surface wind fields obtained from the Blended Sea Winds product, provided by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), from 1995 to 2014. The satellite data are evaluated with reference to buoy wind measurements in the Spanish and Greek Seas. Wind data analysis reveals areas in the western and eastern Mediterranean Sea with high mean annual wind speed combined with rather low temporal variability. The obtained results suggest that offshore wind power potential in the Mediterranean Sea is fairly exploitable at specific suitable locations, such as the Gulf of Lions (with mean annual wind power density up to $\sim $ 1600 W/m ${}^{2}$ ) and the Aegean Sea (with mean annual wind power density up to $\sim $ 1150 W/m ${}^{2}$ ), that are certainly worth further in-depth assessment for exploiting offshore wind energy. Finally, based on the available offshore wind resource potential and the water depth suitability, three specific sites (in the Gulf of Valencia and the Adriatic and Ionian Seas) are selected and the average wind power output for a specific wind turbine type is estimated.
Milling machine

A milling machine comprises a machine bed, two workpiece-gripping heads carried by the machine bed, and at least one cutter carriage, which is carried by the machine bed and is movable along guide rails which are normal to the longitudinal axis of the machine. The cutter carriage carries an internally cutting, annular milling cutter. To permit the milling cutter to be changed quickly and easily, the cutter carriage is movable along the guide rails from a central position over a distance which exceeds the radial positioning and feed movement of the milling cutter to an offset position for a tool change. In that position, at least a major portion of the milling cutter, when viewed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the machine, is disposed outside the contours of the gripping heads.
Numerical Simulation on Multi-Direction Splitting Test and Crack Process of Concrete

In the paper, the conclusion on the effect of micro-crack damage on the chloridion permeability of concrete are drawn through the multi-direction splitting tests and the chloridion permeable tests for cracked concrete specimen. Limited units numerical simulation method are applied to simulate the whole process of concrete splitting and cracking and further analyse crack spreading rules to testify and explain the test results. Numerical simulation represents the complete process of concrete materials that include the initiation, propagation, and penetration of microcracks. It is feasible to simulate the cracking process of concrete because the analysis results on the patterns are consistent with testing results. At the same time, numerical simulation analysis results about transverse displacement, cracking process of microcrack can testify and explain testing results. Therefore, numerical simulation method is instructional for study of concrete durability.
The Air Mass Exchange between the Surface and Free Atmosphere and Its Relationship with the South Asian Summer Monsoon

The Himalayas is an important area of the Tibetan Plateau,and is also a typical large-scale mountain region.The strong solar irradiance under the steep topography and complex terrains of the Himalayas introduces a distinguished local circulation system.The distinct mountain system could cause a different surface-to-air exchange process from that over the plateau flat areas and other mountain regions.Besides,the Himalayas is adjacent to the South Asian monsoon regions,the air mass exchange between the surface and free atmosphere could also be affected by the monsoon evolution.In this study,the surface-to-air mass exchange in the Rongbuk Valley on the north side of the Himalayas is analyzed,based on the observational and large scale grid data in June 2006.Results show that:1)The surface-to-air exchange is dominated by the strong downward transfer from afternoon to early morning.The averaged downward transfer of the air volume flux is 7.9×106 m3·s-1,equivalent to around 38 times of the enclosed valley volume;2)the surface-to-air mass exchange is closely related to the South Asian summer monsoon(SASM)activities,with strong air mass transfer(air volume flux of 9.7×106 m3·s-1)in the SASM break period and weak transfer(air volume flux of 6.6×106 m3·s-1)in the SASM active period;3)the SASM can possibly affect the Himalayan surface-to-air exchange mainly by changing the local radiation conditions.
Performance and Emission Analysis of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine fuelled with Cerium Oxide Added Mango Seed Biodiesel

The scarcity and increase in the crude oil prices have forced everyone to think on the use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel source. Also, it is important that unlike the traditional fuels which emit green house gases and particulate matter these alternate fuels safe guard environment. In the present work, approach to reduce the viscosity of the bio diesel and also to improve the calorific value of mango seed bio diesel cerium oxide has been used as a fuel additive. The mango seed biodiesel is prepared by the transesterification process and fuel blends of B10,B20,B30 with additives are prepared. The experiment was conducted in a single cylinder DI diesel engine. The optimum blend ratio of biodiesel fuel was identified that is B20 showing better performance than others. From the experimental investigation it is found that, viscosity has been reduced along with increase in calorific value when mixed with cerium oxide additive. The brake thermal efficiency slightly increased and emissions reduced for B20 additive fuel.