SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
An alternative development of analytic number theory and applications

The traditional (Riemann) approach to analytic number theory uses the zeros of zeta functions. This requires the associated multiplicative function, say f(n), to have special enough properties that the associated Dirichlet series may be analytically continued.  In this proposal we continue to develop an approach which requires less of the multiplicative function, linking the original question with the mean value of f.  Such techniques have been around for a long time but have generally been regarded as “ad hoc”. In this project we aim to show that one can develop a coherent approach to the whole subject, not only reproving all of the old results, but also many new ones that appear  inaccessible to traditional methods.

Our first goal is to complete a monograph yielding a reworking of all the classical theory using these new methods and then to push forward in new directions.  The most important is to extend these techniques to GL(n) L-functions, which we hope will now be feasible having found the correct framework in which to proceed.  Since we rarely know how to analytically continue such L-functions this could be of great benefit to the subject. 

We are developing the large sieve so that it can be used for individual moduli, and will determine a strong form of that. Also a new method to give asymptotics for mean values, when they are not too small.

We wish to incorporate techniques of analytic number theory into our theory, for example recent advances on mean values of Dirichlet polynomials.  Also the recent breakthroughs on the sieve suggest strong links  that need further exploration.

Additive combinatorics yields important results in many areas. There are strong analogies between its results, and those for multiplicative functions, especially in large value spectrum theory, and its applications. We hope to develop these further.
                   Much of this is joint work with K Soundararajan of Stanford University.
Using and Improving Neural Network Models for Ground Settlement Prediction

Earth-fill structures such as embankments, which are constructed for the preservation of land and infrastructure, show significant amount of settlement during and after construction in lowland areas with soft grounds. Settlements are often still predicted with large uncertainty and frequently observational methods are applied using settlement monitoring results in the early stage after construction to predict the long term settlement. Most of these methods require a significant amount of measurements to enable accurate predictions. In this paper, an artificial neural network model for settlement prediction is evaluated and improved using measurement records from a test embankment in The Netherlands. Based on a learning pattern that focuses on convergence of the settlement rate, the basic model predicted settlements which were in good agreement with the measurements, when the amount of measured data used as teach data for the model exceeded a degree of consolidation of 69 %. For lower amounts of teach data the accuracy of settlement prediction was limited. To improve the accuracy of settlement prediction, it is proposed to add short-term predicted values that satisfy predefined statistical criteria of low coefficient of variance or low standard deviation to the teach data, after which the model is allowed to relearn and repredict the settlement. This procedure is repeated until all predicted values satisfy the criterion. Using the improved network model resulted in significantly better predictions. Predicted settlements were in good agreement with the measurements, even when only the measurements up to a consolidation stage of 35 % were used as initial teach data.
Sofi filter – novel method for power plant water treatment

Sofi Filtration has developed a novel and innovative way to process industrial water filtration. A new style of filter that utilises Sofi’s patented technology and process is applicable to several different industry segments and particles as small as 0.5µm and outperforms traditional filters and methods for fine particle removal.
Sofi Filtration has initially targeted the mining segment and as the product has been successfully sold there Sofi Filtration is looking to expand to a new market segment of power plant flue gas treatment. Within this context Sofi filter can replace the complex fine particle filtration system pre Reverse Osmosis filtration with a single unit capable of improved flow and filtration rate. Sofi filter is a low opex and low capex solution to a problem that has been difficult and expensive to solve with current technology. The Sofi filter will bring energy reduction, diminishes fresh water needs and waste water production, and helps European industries to meet increasing environmental regulations in a cost-effective and efficient manner. The Sofi-PP project expedites market expansion of Sofi Filtration and the feasibility study that it will produce will create the knowledge base needed for a successful market segment expansion to power generation, as well as outlines the process for future needs with additional potential segments.
Digitally controlled braille jet printing

BrailleJet is a new advantageous system for the digitally controlled Braille printing which reduces the costs of sheets and
introduces the possibility of printing actual periodicals for the blind. The method is environmentally friendly, and the product
may be recycled in case a proper material is used as substrate. The printed text may provide further information for the blind
and healthy people as well. The substrate and the text are highly durable with negligible wearing resulting from the use. The
proposed printer is a desktop-sized instrument, which is intended for use by blind communities, educational institutes, and is
available at an affordable price. In addition to these, the proposed printer is not simply a new competitor of the existing
Braille printers, but we believe that it would open a new horizon for the written communication for the blind people (monthly/
weekly periodicals) and it could also become a revolutionary tool in the education of the blind. This system would also play a
significant role in improving the tactile sensitivity of the blind, which gradually and constantly decreases due to the use of
high-tech equipments .We introduce a method, which allows depositing well-controlled amount of powder in a certain heap
onto a surface in a wide range of quantity and size. Without further arrangements, these small hills of powder are normally
mechanically vulnerable (which may be acceptable in several applications such as dosing in chemistry), but in our case the
deposited parcels need to be fixed.Based on the technology readiness and the confirmed business opportunity of BrailleJet, CERC, the cordinator (the powder material expert) and INFOALAP, its subcontractor (the distributor of assistive technologies for visually impaired) decided to work together and secure funding within SME Instrument phase 1 to assess our concept and its feasibility then as a next step to get funding within phase 2 for reaching the market-maturity phase.
OPTIMAL ORDERING RULE FOR A PERISHABLE PRODUCT WITH A DYNAMIC PRICING POLICY

This paper considers the problem of determining the optimal ordering quantity for a perishable product to be sold over a nite sales horizon with a dynamic pricing policy. To date, most models developed to study a dynamic pricing policy for perishable products assume that the salvage value is nonnegative. In this model we allow the salvage value to be either a nonnegative or negative value. We derive the conditions under which the optimal ordering quantity takes either a zero value or nite value greater than zero. Moreover, we demonstrate the existence of a shortest sales horizon under a condition for which ordering of the product is protable if the seller's planned sales horizon is longer than the shortest sales horizon.
Clinical Efficacy of Acupuncture Combined with Oral Yishen Huoxue Decoction in Treatment of Elderly Prostatic Hypertrophy Patients

Objective:To analyze and evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture combined with oral Yishen Huoxue Decoction on elderly prostatic hypertrophy patients. Methods:96 cases prostatic hypertrophy patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,each had 48 cases. The patients in the observation group accepted the treatment of acupuncture combined with oral Yishen Huoxue Decoction and the patients in the control group only accepted universal Thai medicine,treatment for 3 months. The clinical efficacies of two group were compared(P 0. 05). Results: The total efficiency of the observation group was 85. 42% which was significantly higher than that in the control group56. 25%(P 0. 05). After the treatment,the I- PSS and QOL significantly improved( P 0. 05),and in the observation group they were significantly better than that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant(P 0. 05). Conclusion: The combination of acupuncture and Yishen Huoxue Decoction has an exact effect,which can effectively improve the patient's residual urine volume,prostate volume,and other indicators of quality of life,and promote clinical application.
Re-Engineering of fungal sulphur metabolism to limit mould viability and virulence.

Aspergillus fumigatus, the major mould pathogen of human lungs, is responsible for > 2 million illnesses per annum in Europe . I have discovered that sulphur is an essential host-derived element during A. fumigatus infection . This finding is novel, and highly exploitable as a) Synthesis of the sulphur-containing molecule methionine appears to be essential for viability of A. fumigatus b) Regulation of sulphur assimilation is essential for A. fumigatus virulence and c) The foremost candidate sulphur source in mammalian lungs (H2S) is gaseous, and recently identified as a novel signalling molecule in eukaryotic cells . I now wish to harness world-class clinical and scientific expertise in the field of fungal pathogenicity to identify the precise molecular source of sulphur exploited by A. fumigatus during experimental and clinical infection, with a view to designing novel antifungal therapies.
OBJECTIVES
1. To define the role of methionine synthase in A. fumigatus viability I will enforce a mutational blockade upon biosynthesis of the sole methionine precursor, homocysteine, while leaving methionine synthase intact. This will decipher between essentiality of methionine biosynthesis, and essentiality of a secondary function of the methionine synthase enzyme. 
2. I have eliminated cysteine and oxidized inorganic-S sources as in-host sources of sulphur. I will now address, via mutational analysis in the fungus, in-host transcriptome and transgenic mice whether methionine or H2S are exploited in the host. Having defined the S-source exploited in vivo, I will seek correlates with human disease by scrutinizing human and fungal genome sequences for SNPs associated, respectively, with human H2S production and fungal sulphur assimilation.
3. I will use A. fumigatus mutants deficient in production and assimilation of H2S to address the occurrence of, and requirement for, sulfhydration of fungal proteins during mammalian infection.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for weight control: Model, evidence, and future directions

Behavioral weight loss programs achieve substantial short-term weight loss; however attrition and poor weight loss maintenance remain significant problems. Recently, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has been used in an attempt to improve long-term outcomes. This conceptual article outlines the standard behavioral and ACT approach to weight control, discusses potential benefits and obstacles to combing approaches, briefly reviews current ACT for weight control outcome research, and highlights significant empirical questions that remain. The current evidence suggests that ACT could be useful as an add-on treatment, or in a combined format, for improving long-term weight loss outcomes. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed as well as studies that aim to identify how best to combine standard treatments and ACT and also who would benefit most from these approaches.
Efecto de la maniobra de fijación en línea en la clasificación de Cormack-Lehane

RESUMEN.Introducción: El manejo correcto de la vía aérea en los pacientes politraumatizados es crucial, ya que es necesario tener una vía aérea segura y proveer adecuada ventilación sin emperorar una probable lesión medular.Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la maniobra de fijación en línea (MILS del inglés Manual In-Line Stabilisation) en la clasificación de Cormack-Lehane (CL), así como la correlación con el índice de masa corporal (IMC).Material y métodos: En un estudio descriptivo en el Centro Hospitalario del Estado Mayor Presidencial en la Ciudad de México se incluyeron 56 pacientes con estado físico ASA I a IV.El anestesiólogo realizó la laringoscopía directa bajo MILS y valoró el grado de CL.Inmediatamente después se reposicionó al paciente en posición de olfateo, se efectuó nueva laringoscopía directa y se revaloró de nuevo el grado de CL.Resultados: Los grados del CL fueron significativamente diferentes entre la posición MILS versus olfateo.Los grados de CL fueron en su mayoría altos cuando se posicionó al paciente en MILS (75% de los pacientes clasificados entre III y IV) y disminuyeron significativamente al ser cambiados a posición de olfateo.Conclusión: Se observa mejoría del CL cuando se cambia de posición MILS a olfateo. ABSTRACT. Introduction: Correct airway management of polytraumatized patients is crucial because of the necessity of securing the airway and providing adequate ventilation without worsening a probable spinal cord injury. Objective: Determine the effect of manual inline stabilization (MILS) on Cormack-Lehane classification and if there is any correlation with body mass index (BMI). Material and methods:In a descriptive study at the Centro Hospitalario del Estado Mayor Presidencial in Mexico City, we included 56 patients with ASA physical status I to IV.The anesthesiologist performed direct laryngoscopy while MILS was performed and observed the CL grade.Immediately after, the patient was repositioned into the sniffing position, direct laryngoscopy was performed, and the CL grade was observed again.Results: The CL grades observed were significantly different between MILS vs. Sniffing position.CL grades were mainly high when positioned in MILS (75% classified as grades III and IV) and diminished significantly when changed to the sniffing position.Conclusion: Improvement of CL grade was observed when changing from MILS to sniffing position.
Designing conjugated polymers for photocatalysis and ion transport

Solar energy conversion will play an essential role in the future supply of clean energy. Secure access to energy sources will require energy conversion technologies that are low impact, distributed and accessible both technically and financially. Molecular electronic materials embody these possibilities, offering facile synthesis, low energy production and the versatility to allow performance to be maximized for specific applications. Moreover, they bring appealing similarities with nature’s intrinsically low impact energy conversion materials. Whilst molecular semiconductors have been studied in detail for solar-to-electric energy conversion they have seldom been studied for solar-to-chemical conversion or for charge storage. However, they bring exciting potential advantages in terms of their light harvesting properties, the range of microstructures possible and the ability to tune their electrical properties. Polymer materials applied to solar chemical generation could open up an innovative route to artificial fuels, with the option to control light harvesting and charge separation through structural control. Polymer materials applied to mixed (electronic / ionic) conduction provide a route to lower cost electrochemical storage, as well as to biocompatible devices and sensors. Stimulated by recent experimental breakthroughs in the application of polymers as photocatalysts and ion transport media I will exploit my expertise in multi-scale modelling and functional characterization of molecular electronic materials and devices to develop a design framework for energy conversion and storage in conjugated polymer materials. This proposal aims to disentangle the parameters that govern the performance of conjugated polymer based photocatalysts and ion transport media to discover the underlying functional mechanisms. The tools generated will serve to enable the design and development of high performance materials for energy conversion devices.
Circuit-Based deconstruction of attention deficit and hyperactive disorder with optogenetic light control

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) like many other mental illnesses probably results from a combination of genetic and developmental factors pointing at abnormalities in brain monoamines (MA). Imaging studies in ADHD patients also indicate deficits in activity of various brain regions including the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basal ganglia (BG). The mechanisms by which PFC and BG dysfunctions are triggered, and can be corrected with MA-based treatment are unknown. Although there is a consistent frontal hypoactivity detected in ADHD, some variations are seen amongst executive processes including attention or impulse control, in which MA have specific functions. Besides, the limited spatial resolution of brain imaging does not allow to detect certain subregions or discriminate neuronal subpopulations. In order to identify brain network impairments in ADHD, we need models to further dissect frontal dysfunctions looking at MA signaling, cell excitability and behavioral correlates of activity in identified neurons.
The goal of this project is to untangle brain circuits involved in a novel mouse model of ADHD, which fulfills the major criteria reflecting human condition, showing specific BG dysfunctions and differential MA involvement. Innovative approaches have been chosen to accomplish this challenge that include transgenesis, opto- and pharmaco-genetics, and in vivo measurement of neuronal activity in translational behavioral tasks assessing attention and impulsivity. Importantly, while the most common medication using psychotimulants has proven the best efficiency, it has also been shown to affect children growth and their adult mental health highlighting the urge for alternatives. We believe that our model and multidisciplinary methodology provide new insights in ADHD ætiology and allow to develop new concepts and/or targets for therapeutic alternatives further based on the manipulation of neurons activity to reverse or attenuate ADHD symptoms.
Water and Energy: Threats and Opportunities - Second Edition

Rapid and important developments in the area of energy - water nexus over the last two to three years have been significant. This new edition of Water and Energy: Threats and Opportunities is timely and continues to highlight the inextricable link between water and energy, providing an up-to-date overview of the subject with helpful detailed summaries of the technical literature.

Water and Energy has been up-dated throughout and major changes are: 

Water and Energy Threats and Opportunities, 2e creates an awareness of the important couplings between water and energy. It shows how energy is used in all the various water cycle operations and demonstrates how water is used and misused in all kinds of energy production and generation.Population increase, climate change and an increasing competition between food and fuel production create enormous pressures on both water and energy availability. Since there is no replacement for water, water security looks more crucial than energy security. This is true not only in developing countries but also in the most advanced countries. For example, the western parts of the USA suffer from water scarcity that provides a real security threat.

Part One of the book describes the water-energy nexus, the conflicts and competitions and the couplings between water security, energy security, and food security.

Part Two captures how climate change, population increase and the growing food demand will have major impact on water availability in many countries in the world.

Part Three describes water for energy and how energy production and conversion depend on water availability. As a consequence, all planning has to take both water and energy into consideration. The environmental (including water) consequences of oil and coal exploration and refining are huge, in North America as well as in the rest of the world. Furthermore, oil leak accidents have hit America, Africa, Europe as well as Asia. The consequences of hydropower are discussed and the competition between hydropower generation, flood control and water storage is illustrated. The importance of water for cooling thermal power plants is described, as this was so tragically demonstrated at the Fukushima nuclear plants in 2011. Climate change will further emphasize the strong coupling between water availability and the operation of power plants.

Part Four analyses energy for water - how water production and treatment depend on energy. The book shows that a lot can be done to improve equipment, develop processes and apply advanced monitoring and control to save energy for water operations. Significant amounts of energy can be saved by better pumping, the reduction of leakages, controlled aeration in biological wastewater treatment, more efficient biogas production, and by improved desalination processes.

There are 3 PowerPoint presentations available for Water and Energy - threats and opportunities, 2e.

ISBN: 9781780406947 (eBook)

ISBN: 9781780406930 (Print)