SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Effect of silicon on chilling-induced changes of solutes, antioxidants, and membrane stability in seashore paspalum turfgrass

We present a detailed study to investigate if silicon supplementation enhances chilling resistance of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Swartz) turf. An enhanced growth status suggests an improved chilling resistance by Si addition, which is coupled with the observation of more Si cells in leaf epidermal cells, as well as a lower LT50 (the low temperature required to cause 50% electrolyte leakage). Chilling stress induces significant adaptive increases of free proline (P < 0.01), all soluble sugar (P < 0.01) and the activity of peroxidase (POD) (P < 0.05), and leads to the decreases of the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) (P < 0.05), results in notably higher measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05). Silicon addition promoted significant increase of proline and sucrose (P < 0.01), while maintaining significantly higher activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and notably leveling off of MDA (P < 0.05) under chilling stress. These results indicate that silicon enhances the chilling resistance of turfgrass via maintaining a stable membrane and a beneficial cell status readily coping with the chilling-induced oxidative stress.
Comparison of output results from two programmes for hemispherical image analysis: Gap Light Analyser and WinScanopy

We compare the results of the analysis of hemispherical images (of a broadleaved and a coniferous forest) obtained using the Gap Light Analyser (GLA) software and the results obtained by analyzing the same images with the aid of WinScanopy. The two packages were used to calculate relative total, relative diffuse and relative direct transmittance, canopy openness, and leaf area index. Our aim was to find out whether it is possible to compare the studies using different software packages for determining light conditions. The binary pixel classification of images of canopy and sky was performed automatically (in the case of Gap Light Analyser, using the SideLook programme). The threshold values determined by the SideLook programme were lower compared to the WinScanopy, which was also reflected in the evaluated output results. There was a strong positive correlation between the results obtained with the two software packages (R2 ranges from 0.814 to 0.999). However, when the Gap Light Analyser analysis was applied to the threshold values obtained with the SideLook, the output results mostly manifested systematic differences in comparison with the output results obtained using the WinScanopy. Using the same threshold value in both programmes, the differences between the output values were quite small (a minimum of 0.038 m2.m&amp;ndash;2 for LAI in the spruce forest and a maximum of 0.738% for total relative transmittance also in the spruce forest). The differences in some characteristics were statistically significant, on the other hand, both the photo series had only the identical direct transmittance values. The observed differences can be explained by differences in the calibration of the used camera-lens pair, different image registration techniques and different theoretical background and models used in the two software packages. It follows that it is also necessary to be aware of possible differences when comparing the outputs of the two compared software packages analyzing photos obtained applying the same methodical approach.
Transition metal mediated [11C]carbonylation reactions: recent advances and applications

[(11) C]Carbon monoxide is undoubtedly a highly versatile radiolabelling synthon with many potential applications for the synthesis of positron emission tomography (PET) tracer molecules and functional groups, but why has it not found more applications in the PET radiolabelling arena? Today, (11) CO radiolabelling is still primarily viewed as a niche area; however, there are signs that this is beginning to change as some of the technical and chemistry challenges of producing, handling and reacting (11) CO are overcome. This mini review covers the more recent developments of (11) CO-labelling chemistry and is focused on palladium and rhodium-mediated carbonylation reactions that are growing in importance and finding wider application for carbon-11 PET radiotracer development.
Changes in Sexual Function after Treatment for Prolapse Are Related to the Improvement in Body Image Perception

In a previous study, sexual function was related to a woman's self-perceived body image and degree of bother from pelvic organ prolapse (POP).To evaluate sexual function, prolapse symptoms, and self-perceived body image 6 months following treatment for POP and to explore differences in body image perception and sexual function following conservative and surgical treatment for POP.After institutional review board approval, consecutive women with > or = stage II POP were invited to participate. In addition to routine urogynecologic history and physical examination, including Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q), the participants completed three validated questionnaires before, and 6 months after, treatment for POP: Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, Modified Body Image Perception Scale and Prolapse subscale of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory to assess condition specific bother from POP. Main Outcome Measures. Changes in sexual function and body image perception following treatment for POP.A total of 235 women with a mean age of 62 +/- 12 years returned for a 6-month follow-up. The majority of our participants had surgical repair for POP (88%). At 6-month follow-up visits, the patients reported significant improvement in sexual function from baseline (33 +/- 0.6 vs. 43 +/- 0.8, respectively P < 0.0001). Improvement in sexual function, as measured by PISQ-12, was not significant among sexually active patients treated with a pessary compared with those treated surgically (-2.5 +/- 5.5 vs. 11.5 +/- 1, respectively P < 0.0001). A multivariate linear regression model demonstrated that body mass index and changes in body image perception were the only independent factors associated with changes in PISQ score following POP treatment (beta = -0.5, P < 0.01 and beta = -0.4, P < 0.03, respectively).Resolution of POP symptoms after treatment improves women's self-perceived body image and sexual function. Not surprisingly, pessary is less effective in improving sexual function compared with surgical repair of POP.
Search for electric dipole moments using storage rings

One of the great mysteries in the natural sciences is the dominance of matter over antimatter in the universe. According to our present understanding, the early universe contained the same amount of matter and antimatter. If the universe had behaved symmetrically as it developed, every particle would have been annihilated by one of its antiparticles. We therefore
owe our very existence to mechanisms that have led to a world where something that we call matter remains. We propose to study such mechanisms by searching for electric dipole moments (EDMs) of charged hadrons in a new class of precision storage rings. Our project will lay the foundations for a new European flagship research infrastructure. The breaking of the combined charge conjugation and parity symmetries (CP-violation) in the Standard Model is not strong enough to explain the observed excess of matter and further sources of CP-violation must be sought. These sources could manifest themselves in Electric Dipole Moments of elementary particles, which occur when the centroids of positive and negative charges are mutually and permanently displaced. The observation of an electric dipole moment will elucidate the mechanisms which led to the matter that dominates the universe. Although the measurement principle, the time development of the polarization vector subject to a perpendicular electric field, is simple, the smallness of the effect makes this an enormously challenging project. This can only be mastered through the common effort of an international team of accelerator and particle physicists, working closely with engineers. The proponents of this design study and the research environment at the Forschungszentrum Jülich (Germany), including the conventional storage ring COSY, provide the optimal basis for one of the most spectacular possibilities in modern science: finding an EDM as a signal for new physics beyond the Standard Model and perhaps explaining the puzzle of our existence.
The Exchange Value of the Pakistan Rupee &amp; Pakistan Trade Balance: An ARDL Bounds Testing Approach

Results of previous studies on the correlation between exchange rate changes and trade balance are unpersuasive. The present endeavor tries to understand the direction of changes between trade balance and exchange rate and how the depreciation in exchange rate takes place by incorporating the absorption and monetary approaches including Marshal Lerner condition. Our results reveal that existence of long run relationship between exchange rate, income and money supply on trade balance examined through ARDL bounds testing approach. The lag of dependent variable i.e. trade balance has significant impact on the current year trade balance due to pervious year trade policy. At the same time, depreciation in exchange rate deteriorates the trade balance thus adoption of such trade policies that boost the trade balance in future are desirable. The results have also been indicated that beneficial impact of trade policies on trade balance is nullifying by the exchange rate depreciation. Low level of money supply rather than income plays an important role to improve the trade balance in Pakistan. The prevalence of Keynesian postulation exists in Pakistan that states 'income increase will encourage general public to purchase more imported goods and thus deteriorates the trade balance'. This paper would highlight some new insights for policy formulation regarding trade, exchange rate, and economic growth.
Global Burden of Cutaneous Melanoma in 2020 and Projections to 2040

<h3>Importance</h3> Despite many cases being preventable, cutaneous melanoma remains the most serious skin cancer worldwide. Understanding the scale and profile of the disease is vital to concentrate and reinforce global prevention efforts. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine global patterns of cutaneous melanoma in 2020 and to provide projected estimates of cases and deaths by 2040. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This population-based study used the GLOBOCAN 2020 database for global epidemiological assessment of new cases and deaths due to invasive melanoma. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated per 100 000 person-years by country, world region, and 4-tier level of human development. Estimated numbers of cases and deaths were calculated for the year 2040. <h3>Results</h3> A worldwide total of 325 000 new melanoma cases (174 000 males, 151 000 females) and 57 000 deaths (32 000 males, 25 000 females) was estimated for 2020. Large geographic variations existed across countries and world regions, with the highest incidence rates among males (42 per 100 000 person-years) and females (31 per 100 000 person-years) observed in Australia/New Zealand, followed by Western Europe (19 per 100 000 person-years for males and females), North America (18 per 100 000 person-years for males, 14 per 100 000 person-years for females), and Northern Europe (17 per 100 000 person-years for males, 18 per 100 000 person-years for females). Melanoma continued to be rare in most African and Asian countries, with incidence rates commonly less than 1 per 100 000 person-years. Mortality rates peaked at 5 per 100 000 person-years in New Zealand, and geographic variations were less pronounced than for incidence. Melanoma was more frequent among males than females in most world regions. If 2020 rates continue, the burden from melanoma is estimated to increase to 510 000 new cases (a roughly 50% increase) and to 96 000 deaths (a 68% increase) by 2040. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> This epidemiological assessment suggests that melanoma remains an important challenge to cancer control and public health globally, especially in fair-skinned populations of European descent.
NANOPARTICLE PREPARATION, PREMIX COMPRISING SUCH NANOPARTICLE PREPARATION AND MONOMER, METHOD FOR MODULATING THE CHEMICAL AND/OR MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A POLYMER, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A MODIFIED POLYMER AND MODIFIED POLYMER

The present invention pertains to the field of polymers and nanotechnology. More specifically, the invention discloses a nanoparticle preparation, a premix comprising monomers and nanoparticles, their use in the preparation of polymers having special properties, and modified polymers. The invention provides notable modifications in the properties of polymers, breaking, in practice, with previous concepts in the field of polymers. Examples include, for one and the same polymer: a change in stress resistance parameters and changes in glass transition temperature, among other notable modifications. The invention is useful in a variety of applications and solves several technical problems, including modifying various properties and the uses of polymers in general.
The molecular drivers of deep-sea adaptation in brittle stars

The deep-sea covers about two-thirds of the world’s ocean bottoms; yet, it is one of the least known environments of the planet. Given its harsh environmental conditions, life in high depths requires several specific metabolic adaptations. Surprisingly, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to such environments. Which and how many genes are involved in adaptation? What is the extent of convergent evolution across distantly related taxa? Brittle stars (Ophiuroidea) are a useful group of marine invertebrates to study for this purpose, as they are abundant in the deep-sea and they colonized this environment several times independently, thus highlighting their strong adaptive abilities. Here, I intend to investigate deep-sea adaptation using a comparative genomics approach and state of the art analytic tools. I will first use an existing dataset to examine adaptive protein evolution (genealogical discordance and positive selection), by comparing 400 genes across 800 species of shallow- and deep-water brittle stars spanning the entire Ophiuroidea diversity. I will then focus on five cryptic species complexes representative of the major bathymetric transitions, by analyzing >10,000 genes generated from exon-capture and focusing on specific candidate genes. Finally, I will investigate allele frequency shifts among depths for two species displaying a wide bathymetric range using a genome scan approach (generation of two high-quality reference genomes; whole genome resequencing for 120 individuals). With these three approaches spanning a wide phylogenetic range, I intend to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying deep-sea adaptation. This is of high importance because deciphering mechanisms of stress-driven adaptation may provide hints on the resilience of deep marine biodiversity to the ongoing environmental changes.
Keywords: deep-sea; adaptation; phylogenomics; genome scan; positive selection; exon capture; Ophiuroidea; echinoderms
Restore health by advanced therapies (advanced therapy medicinal products and biologized medical devices) – all for advanced therapies – with passion – for patients

Recently, a new class of “living drugs” has been developed – Advanced Therapies which aim to transform the current focus of “treatment of disease” into one that concentrates on “restoration of health” with promising results in a broad field of Regenerative Medicine, including targeted immune reconstitution for cancer treatment. Advanced Therapies are game changing in Health Care and have a rapidly expanding market size of approximately 12 and 50 bn € expected by 2020 and 2030, respectively. There is great value in European science and technology on Advanced Therapies but Europe has been losing ground because of scattered and underpowered efforts. If Europe wants a leading role in this emerging field in the future, a mission-driven approach is required to make the transforming promise of Advanced Therapies a reality. The development of new Advanced Therapy products and their implementation in clinical practice will enhance the value-based outcome of patients. Measurable by having dozens of premier-league Advanced Therapy Products “discovered & made in Europa” by 2030 and beyond.  Bringing affordable, standard-of-care for currently incurable diseases which are accessible for every European citizen who need it to RESTORE Health. We propose a mission-driven programme led by the candidate LSRI RESTORE, aiming to build a coordinated, financially strong European partnership between different areas of interest and cross-sectors involving academia, industry, regulatory authorities, health care, patient organisations, and public society.
In order to guarantee a smart start of the LSRI from 2021 onwards, the preparation phase aims to involve the growing RESTORE community even more closely in working groups on identified tasks and to jointly complete the RESTORE agenda for Research & Innovation Actions as well as Coordination & Support Actions.
The deliverables of RESTORE will allow Europe to gain a world leading health position within this emerging field.
Delincuentes y robos en la narrativa social. Chile en la primera mitad del siglo XX

VariaDelincuentes y robos en la narrativa social.Chile en la primera mitad del siglo XX Criminals and robbery in social narrative.Chile in the first half of the 20th century Délinquants et vols dans le récit social.Le Chili dans la première moitié du 20e siècle
O Princípio de Ekeland e o Teorema de Nash-Moser

In this text we study the Frechet spaces and an implicit function theorem for some of these spaces, obtained by Ekeland in 2011, and which includes as a special case the Nash-Moser theorem. At the beginning of this study we present the Ekeland s principle, which will be an essential tool in the proof of the theorem. We study elementary concepts of Convex Analysis and characterize the subdifferential of the norm of a Banach space. This characterization will be used repeatedly in the proof of the main result. Also, three results of the Theory of Measure are used: Fatou s Lemma, the Monotone Convergence Theorem and the Lebesgue s Dominated Convergence Theorem. These three results are employed in their versions for series of real numbers.%%%%Neste trabalho estudamos os Espacos de Frechet e um teorema de funcao implicita para alguns desses espacos, obtido por Ekeland em 2011, e que inclui como caso particular o teorema de Nash-Moser. No inicio desse estudo apresentamos o principio de Ekeland, que sera uma ferramenta essencial na demonstracao do teorema. Estudamos conceitos elementares de Analise Convexa e caracterizamos o subdiferencial da norma de um espaco de Banach. Essa caracterizacao sera usada varias vezes na prova do resultado principal. Alem disso, sao usados tres resultados da Teoria da Medida: o Lema de Fatou, o Teorema da Convergencia Monotona e o Teorema da Convergencia Dominada de Lebesgue. Estes tres resultados sao empregados em suas versoes para series de numeros reais.
Neuronal generator patterns at scalp elicited by lateralized aversive pictures reveal consecutive stages of motivated attention

Event-related potential (ERP) studies have provided evidence for an allocation of attentional resources to enhance perceptual processing of motivationally salient stimuli. Emotional modulation affects several consecutive components associated with stages of affective-cognitive processing, beginning as early as 100-200ms after stimulus onset. In agreement with the notion that the right parietotemporal region is critically involved during the perception of arousing affective stimuli, some ERP studies have reported asymmetric emotional ERP effects. However, it is difficult to separate emotional from non-emotional effects because differences in stimulus content unrelated to affective salience or task demands may also be associated with lateralized function or promote cognitive processing. Other concerns pertain to the operational definition and statistical independence of ERP component measures, their dependence on an EEG reference, and spatial smearing due to volume conduction, all of which impede the identification of distinct scalp activation patterns associated with affective processing. Building on prior research using a visual half-field paradigm with highly controlled emotional stimuli (pictures of cosmetic surgery patients showing disordered [negative] or healed [neutral] facial areas before or after treatment), 72-channel ERPs recorded from 152 individuals (ages 13-68years; 81 female) were transformed into reference-free current source density (CSD) waveforms and submitted to temporal principal components analysis (PCA) to identify their underlying neuronal generator patterns. Using both nonparametric randomization tests and repeated measures ANOVA, robust effects of emotional content were found over parietooccipital regions for CSD factors corresponding to N2 sink (212ms peak latency), P3 source (385ms) and a late centroparietal source (630ms), all indicative of greater positivity for negative than neutral stimuli. For the N2 sink, emotional effects were right-lateralized and modulated by hemifield, with larger amplitude and asymmetry for left hemifield (right hemisphere) presentations. For all three factors, more positive amplitudes at parietooccipital sites were associated with increased ratings of negative valence and greater arousal. Distributed inverse solutions of the CSD-PCA-based emotional effects implicated a sequence of maximal activations in right occipitotemporal cortex, bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral inferior temporal cortex. These findings are consistent with hierarchical activations of the ventral visual pathway reflecting subsequent processing stages in response to motivationally salient stimuli.
Developmental Problems and Strategies of Reef-shoal Carbonate Gas Reservoir

Reef-shoal carbonate gas reservoir is different from conventional sand gas reservoir and the effective development of this kind of reservoir is facing some problems.Longgang Gas field is a typical reefshoal carbonate gas reservoir.The geological research and the trial production showed some characteristics, including the huge heterogeneity of reservoir,the extreme complexity of fluid distribution,the crucial influence on gas wells of formation water and the significant discrepancy in different development wells.The effective development of it mainly encountered problems of reservoir heterogeneity evaluation,fluid distribution description,reserves calculation and productivity evaluation.Aiming at these problems and development characteristics,four technical development strategies were proposed.(1)Utilize well-seismic combination technology for fine reservoir description to enlarge the gas reservoir development scale;(2)Use irregular well networks in the process of well pattern to improve the efficiency of gas reservoir development;(3) Strengthen dynamic monitoring and increase the ability of scientific management to improve the management levels of gas reservoir development;(4)Adhere to the development concept of integrated development to reduce the risk of gas reservoir development.The formulation of gas reservoir development technology strategies can provide guidance for the effective development of Longgang gas reservoir.