SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Facing the Future: A Doctrine for Air Control in Limited Conflicts

Abstract : Since the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the United States has found itself involved in an increasing number of small scale interventions in support of national objectives, humanitarian efforts, and United Nation resolutions. Interventions have been manpower intensive and have increased the burden on our military forces. The dilemma the US finds itself in today is similar to the problem faced by Great Britain as she tried to maintain control of her empire after World War I. The solution developed by the British was the concept of Air Control, intended to minimize both the number of ground troops required to maintain order in the colonies, and their associated expense. Airpower would not replace the ground units, but it would significantly reduce the required forces by increasing the mobility and firepower support available to ground garrisons.
Alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation improves nitrogen nutrition in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves

Abstract The effects of alternate partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation as compared with conventional deficit irrigation (DI) and full irrigation (FI) on leaf nitrogen (N) accumulation were investigated in maize ( Zea mays L.) grown under three N-fertilization rates (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 g N pot −1 ). The plants were grown in split-root pots in a glasshouse and were exposed to FI, PRD, and DI treatments from the seventh leaf to tasselling/silking stage. The results showed that neither irrigation nor N-fertilization treatments influenced shoot biomass and plant leaf area; while PRD plants had the highest root biomass and root to shoot ratio compared to DI and FI plants. Increase of N rate significantly increased leaf N accumulation; across the N-fertilization rates, PRD and FI plants accumulated significantly greater amount of N in leaves than did DI plants. Leaf δ 15 N decreased significantly with increasing N-fertilization rate, and was significantly higher in PRD and FI than in DI plants. Water use efficiency (WUE) was the highest in PRD, followed by DI and the lowest in FI; while N-fertilization rate had no effect on WUE. It was concluded that an enlarged root system and an enhanced soil N availability under PRD might have contributed to the greater N accumulation in maize leaves.
Impact of body mass index on the psychopathological profile of obese women

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is a complex condition associated with a host of medical disorders. One common assumption is that obesity is also related to psychological and emotional complications. However, some studies have shown that obesity itself does not appear to be systematically associated with psychopathological outcomes.The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact that the various degrees of obesity have on the psychopathological profile of obese patients. METHOD: The study sample consisted of 217 women classified as obese (body mass index &gt; 30 kg/m²) who sought medical treatment for weight loss and were consecutively invited to participate in the study. Anthropometric data were registered for all participants. Psychiatric evaluations were performed using the Beck Depression Inventory and Symptom Checklist-90. Multiple regression analysis was used in order to determine whether any of the studied variables (age, level of education, Beck Depression Inventory score and body mass index) were independently correlated with the score on the different subscales of the Symptom Checklist-90. RESULTS: Only body mass index was found to correlate significantly with the score on the somatization subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90 (r = 0.148, p = 0.035). This correlation remained significant after multiple regression analysis (p = 0.03). No correlation was found between body mass index and the score on any of the other subscales. CONCLUSION: The degree of obesity did not correlate with any of the psychological profiles commonly described in the medical literature, including depression and anxiety. The correlation between obesity and somatization, although weak, might simply be related to an overlapping of symptoms.
"In a Space of Questions": A Reflection on Religion and Economics at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century

Efforts to consider economic life from a religious perspective almost always run headlong into the conflict between utilitarian values, which are the cornerstone of modern economic analysis, and religious values, which are almost uniformly nonutilitarian. This essay looks at this conflict of values through the work of the moral philosopher Charles Taylor. While acknowledging the power of utilitarian analysis, Taylor shows that it treats only a subset of what is central to our ethical concerns. The essay looks back to the relationship between Tocqueville and John Stuart Mill and their views of the nature of economic analysis to try to see some of the power of Taylor's distinction. The essay concludes by looking at recent work in behavioral economics as evidence that economists can consider broader criteria than utility maximization in examining economic behavior. Only if economics can move beyond strict utilitarian analysis can it fully engage with the broad range of ethical concerns that underpin religious belief.
Ozone dry deposition to the sea surface microlayer

Tropospheric ozone is a significant climate gas and has a major influence on air quality, public health, and food security.  Ozone is lost to the Earth’s surface directly by “dry deposition”, which is an important loss process for this gas.   Since the ocean represents 70% of the surface, uncertainties in the dry deposition to the “sea surface microlayer” (SML) of the ocean translate into large differences in the predicted global ocean dry deposition flux. There has been very limited experimental quantification of ozone deposition over the oceans, because making such measurements is technically very challenging, and estimates of oceanic ozone deposition velocities vary widely. The mechanistic details of the process are incomplete and parameterisations in models are untested against observations.  This loss of ozone is acknowledged to be controlled predominantly by chemical reactions in the SML involving iodide and organic material, which not only determine how quickly ozone can be irreversibly taken up at the ocean surface, but may also constitute a source of trace gases to the marine atmosphere.  Whilst there is a growing body of work on ozone interactions with oceanic iodide, the nature and reactivity of the organic material in the SML which interacts with ozone is completely unknown.   This project will probe both the fundamental mechanisms on and in the SML involved in the loss of ozone and production of atmospherically important trace gases and, in a highly novel and agenda-setting approach, apply this mechanistic information to field observations of oceanic ozone fluxes and the corresponding biogeochemical properties of the SML.  This highly interdisciplinary study involves aspects of physical chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, ocean chemistry and physics, and engineering.   It transcends conventional boundaries by integrating across atmospheric and ocean science, reflecting the PIs world-leading expertise in field and laboratory science in these fields.
Advanced MR Imaging Technologies in Fetuses

Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on clinical scanners has increasingly been realized as a powerful imaging tool and applied for studying the brain abnormalities and the potential of neurodevelopmental disabilities in vivo. The primarily used multi-echo fast imaging sequences reduce the motion artifacts with a tradeoff of image Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and resolution. In Radio Frequency (RF) hardware for MR signal excitation and reception, there are lack of dedicated RF coils for fetal imaging providing optimized performance in acquisition and safety. There is an urgent demand for novel hardware and fast imaging technology developments to overcome motion artifacts and improve sensitivity and safety. Recent studies have demonstrated that dedicated fetal RF transceiver arrays can improve the SNR, image coverage, and safety. In addition, emerging fast imaging technologies such as parallel imaging and compressed sensing would be advantageous in improving imaging speed and thus reducing motion artifacts in fetal imaging.
Cetacean use of representational acoustic signals

This project will determine if dolphins possess representational understanding of individual-specific signature whistles (SW). Dolphin SWs are a created and learned social signal and are thought to function similar to human names. We will examine parallels between dolphin use of SW and human use of acoustic labels which will give us an understanding of representational signalling systems outside of human communication. Research from the host organization has demonstrated that dolphins use innovated and learned contours to address specific individuals, and research conducted by the fellowship applicant has shown that dolphins maintain the memory of these contours for over 20 years. The next step for both programs is to determine if SWs are representational (i.e. do the SWs elicit a mental image of the caller in the minds of the receiver).  Establishing this would show that SWs do function similarly to human names and that long-term memory for these whistles is tantamount to long-term memory for social partners. Furthermore, demonstrating a representational relationship between a signaller and signal in SWs would provide a true understanding of mental representations elicited by signals in a non-humans animal species, something that is extremely difficult to demonstrate in animal communication. To do this, we will first assess the dolphins’ ability to identify conspecifics by gustatory recognition of excreta. Then, using the practice of cross-modal playbacks of sound and chemical cues, we will look for response differences between matches and mismatches of individual identity coded through the two modalities.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR REALIZING A WEB OF FIBROUS MATERIAL

An apparatus for producing a web of fibrous material, characterised by comprising: - a roll (2) of metal material having its lateral surface provided with incisions (4) having a circumferential component, and rotated at a peripheral velocity Vi equal to the velocity of an upstream apparatus unit, said incisions (4) having a depth of 0.01-2.00 mm a width of 0.01 -2.00 mm a pitch 0.01-10.00 mm - at least one belt (8, 8') of compressible elastic material stretched between transmission rollers (10) and made to advance at a velocity V2 less than the peripheral velocity Vi of said metal roll (2), where Vi/v2 lies between 1.05 and 1.40, - at least one presser roller (12, 12') of metal material rotating at a peripheral velocity v2, associated with presser means acting in the sense of pressing said belt (8) against said metal roll (2) with a pressure between 1 kg and 200 kg per centimetre width of the contact band between said belt (8, 8') and said metal roll (2), - means for feeding a sheet (6) of pliable fibrous material between said belt (8, 8') and said metal roll (2), said belt (8, 8') having a degree of elongability in the longitudinal direction not exceeding 5% at least on that side intended to adhere to said presser roller (12, 12'), dimensional stability along its entire length, thickness between 1 cm and 10 cm, and hardness between 24° Shore and 70° Shore.
Image forming apparatus and method of controlling wireless network connection in the apparatus

An image forming apparatus in which connection of an external device and a wireless network is controlled, the image forming apparatus including: a wireless network interface unit to connect the image forming apparatus to a first wireless network or a second wireless network; a user interface unit in which setting a connection configuration to connect the image forming apparatus to the second wireless network according to a request to connect to the second wireless network is performed while the image forming apparatus is connected to the first wireless network; a determining unit to determine whether connection of the second wireless network is terminated after connection of the first wireless network is terminated and the image forming apparatus is connected to the second wireless network according to the set connection configuration; and a controller, as a result of the determining, if connection of the second wireless network is terminated, to control so that the image forming apparatus is connected to a different wireless network from the second wireless network according to the set connection configuration.
Assessing the effects of catchment-scale urban green infrastructure retrofits on hydrograph characteristics

Run-off from impervious surfaces has pervasive and serious consequences for urban streams, but the detrimental effects of urban stormwater can be lessened by disconnecting impervious surfaces and redirecting run-off to decentralized green infrastructure. This study used a before–after-control-impact design, in which streets served as subcatchments, to quantify hydrologic effectiveness of street-scale investments in green infrastructure, such as street-connected bioretention cells, rain gardens and rain barrels. On the two residential treatment streets, voluntary participation resulted in 32.2% and 13.5% of parcels having green infrastructure installed over a 2-year period. Storm sewer discharge was measured before and after green infrastructure implementation, and peak discharge, total run-off volume and hydrograph lags were analysed. On the street with smaller lots and lower participation, green infrastructure installation succeeded in reducing peak discharge by up to 33% and total storm run-off by up to 40%. On the street with larger lots and higher participation, there was no significant reduction in peak or total stormflows, but on this street, contemporaneous street repairs may have offset improvements. On the street with smaller lots, lag times increased following the first phase of green infrastructure construction, in which streetside bioretention cells were built with underdrains. In the second phase, lag times did not change further, because bioretention cells were built without underdrains and water was removed from the system, rather than just delayed. We conclude that voluntary green infrastructure retrofits that include treatment of street run-off can be effective for substantially reducing stormwater but that small differences in design and construction can be important for determining the level of the benefit. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highways and productivity in manufacturing firms

Abstract Using a geo-coded micro-level panel dataset for Spanish manufacturing firms, I estimate the effect of access to highways on firm-level productivity. To identify the causal effect of highways, I have relied on different fixed-effects specifications, instrumental variables and controls for geography, geology and history. Since highways also attract economic activity, leading to local density increases, which in turn could affect productivity through agglomeration benefits, I also present estimations that control for local employment densities. The results show that highways raise firm-level productivity directly and beyond the effect of density. Additional results show that highway benefits are unevenly distributed across sectors and space.
SPINAL CONSTRUCTS WITH IMPROVED LOAD-SHARING

A spinal construct for implantation in a patient to provide stabilization to spinal structure with improved load sharing includes a flexible spinal rod having a first end and a second end, the spinal rod being configured to provide stabilization to spinal structure. It also includes a first bone fastener configured to securely attach to the flexible spinal rod and a second bone fastener configured to securely attach to the flexible spinal rod. The second bone fastener is a dynamic fastener arranged to provide motion in one direction more than another direction. The flexible spinal rod and the second bone fastener are oriented to cooperate in a manner that achieves load sharing by dynamically flexing under applied loads in a manner that distributes stresses and strains between the flexible spinal rod and the second bone fastener.
What about aging in regional science?

This paper is a revised version of a North American Regional Science Council Presidential Address delivered at the 57th North American Meetings of the Regional Science Association International, Denver, Colorado, November 11, 2010. The question ‘What about aging in regional science?’ is posed and discussed from three perspectives. First, the aging of the corpus of practitioners of the multidisciplinary field is considered. Second, views are expressed about how, as each of us individually ages, participation in the temporal and spatial web of the regional science community helps to structure and impart meaning to our professional lives. Third, it is argued that age and aging deserve more attention as regional science research continues to advance. The implications of aging for research in the author’s specialty area of migration are discussed.
Weather report for the Euregio

The weather and its precise forecasts are becoming increasingly important for the population of Euregio Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino. Civil protection aspects are as important as the necessary information on climate development for the individual citizen as well as for tourism and for the economy in general. In order to simplify the situation of the population of the Euregio, a project has been launched that will offer a cross-border and joint meteorological presence for the three territories Tyrol, South Tyrol and Trentino on its own web platform.
Urban sustainable development SOLutions Valuing Entreprenership

The implementation of the United Nations ‘Sustainable Development Goals’ in urban areas is of crucial importance to make our cities sustainable, livable and resilient over the long term. Vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems can bring a valuable contribution in designing innovative solutions that have a positive impact against the negative effects of climate change. To ensure potential entrepreneurs, especially young people, can turn ideas into actual businesses, an enabling ecosystem, supported by public authorities, is needed. U-SOLVE intends to enhance support to young entrepreneurs in urban areas with focus on the environment and sustainable development. The project will create experimental pathways for place-based strategies, suitable for the Mediterranean countries, where the entrepreneurial energy is oriented towards sustainable and integrated territorial development.
SYSTEM, INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, AND METHOD

A system includes: a first device configured to transmit a first request; and a second device coupled to the first device, the second device including a processor configured to execute a program, a memory, and a communicating device. The communicating device is configured to: receive the first request, when a lock variable is not stored at a given address in the memory, write the lock variable at the given address, and perform processing of the first request, and when the communicating device is unable to write the lock variable at the given address within a set time due to the lock variable stored at the given address, notify an interrupt to the program, and hand over the processing of the first request to the processor.
SYNTHESIS OF TRIPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM QUINOLS SND QUINONES

The methods of preparing quinols and quinones typified by mitoquinol and mitoquinone where a compound typified by idebenone is reacted with Ph3PHX and Ph3P, where X is a halogen atom.
Pharmacologic Management of Types 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their Complications in Women of Childbearing Age

The numbers of women of childbearing age with pregestational diabetes mellitus (diabetes existing before pregnancy) are increasing, primarily because more patients are developing type 2 diabetes at younger ages. The teratogenicity associated with hyperglycemia in early pregnancy is well documented, and tight glucose control minimizes the risk of congenital malformation. Preconception planning is essential; thus contraception that does not worsen complications of diabetes is desirable. In addition, because contraceptives are not 100% effective, the treatment of elevated blood glucose levels, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in these women requires consideration of unplanned pregnancy. We summarized the literature to aid clinicians in choosing individualized treatment that minimizes risk in case pregnancy occurs and maximizes benefit in preventing the complications of diabetes. In women with well-controlled diabetes without vascular disease, all contraceptive methods are safe. Intrauterine devices are recommended due to their minimal effects on risk factors for diabetic complications and their lack of reliance on patient adherence for efficacy. Among insulins, the insulin analogs—insulin lispro, insulin aspart, and insulin detemir—offer patients greater convenience than regular insulin and NPH insulin, and they are safe in case of unplanned pregnancy. Of the noninsulin agents, glyburide and metformin are the safest during pregnancy, but many of the other agents pose minimal risk as long as they are withdrawn during early pregnancy. The risks and benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in women with compelling indications must be weighed individually. In hypertensive patients at a high risk for unplanned pregnancy, nifedipine should be considered due to literature supporting its safety during early pregnancy. Pravastatin is recommended for women with dyslipidemia who are using effective contraception because there have been no reports of birth defects with this statin when used during early pregnancy in humans and animals.
The Technology Transfer and Capitalization of Water Energy Food NEXUS

The European Union continues to be a global leader in terms of scientific outputs, but still lags in translating this advantage into products, services, processes and solutions that meet the demand. Failure to commercialize and deploy innovations in water, energy and food (WEF-NEXUS) means missing opportunities to improve resilience and efficiency in the use of these critical resources. WEF - CAP seeks to capture and rectify a microcosm of this reality: bring out effective economic activity from under-capitalized WEF innovations. Considering joint challenges at regional and cross-border level and the fragmented business ecosystem lacking of a cross-Mediterranean coherent framework, WEF-CAP will combine the capitalization and expansion of tools and methodologies used for innovation commercialization with the capitalization of WEF innovations in efficient practices for replication across the Mediterranean area. This will be done through the support of sustainable and resilient agri-food sector production, thus improving the energy and water efficiency: renewables, wastewater treatment, water harvesting and reuse, etc. WEF - CAP will apply past and ongoing WEF efficient practices and policies for replication under the framework of a meta cluster, reinforcing networks while mainstreaming gathered territorial evidences for effective capitalization. A successful implementation will enhance the regional SME competitiveness and the job creation, generating spillover effects in knowledge, resource efficiency, and the quality of life.