SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Brain barriers training

The brain barriers function to protect the central nervous system (CNS) from neurotoxic compounds. By the same traits they unfortunately block delivery of drugs to the CNS thus hindering proper diagnosis and effective treatment of neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis. The unusual complexity of the brain barriers has severely hampered progress in the market of CNS targeting therapeutics. BtRAIN bridges this gap by creating particular knowledge on vertebrate brain barrier signature genes and their specific roles in regulating brain barrier function in development, health, ageing and disease.  Brain barrier signature genes will be identified by combining cross-species and cross-system brain barrier transcriptome analysis with dedicated bioinformatics. These data will be made available for brain barrier datamining in the userfriendly online platform BBBHub. Within BtRAIN, the side-by-side comparison of a unique and broad armamentarium of different vertebrate in vitro and in vivo brain barrier models will allow to develop and validate particular in vitro brain barrier models that are suited to reliably predict brain barrier function in vivo. Combined with an accompanying in depth analysis of the pathological alterations of the brain barriers during neurological disorders BtRAIN will create unique knowledge to overcome the unmet need for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools able to breach the brain barriers. In BtRAIN 12 academic, 6 non-academic partners and 1 European network will jointly train young researchers at unique interfaces of brain barrier research, bioinformatics, business development and science communication for an international research or entrepreneur career. To create this expert pool is the motivation for the involved partners as it will advance the Euopean capacity to bring innovative approaches to the untapped potential of the CNS therapeutic market.
Total synthesis of waixenicin a and xenibellol a

The realization of the first total syntheses of the two marine natural products waixenicin A and xenibellol A is the aim of this proposal. For this purpose, a N-heterocyclic carben (NHC)-catalyzed bicyclization shall be employed as key transformation. Both target structures are members of the Xenia diterpenoids family and exhibit cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. Despite these highly desirable, promising biological properties and unique structural features, therapeutic applications have been prevented by the circumstance that no synthetic access has been achieved until this day. Using retrosynthetic pattern recognition, we realized that the central fused lactone motif (of both natural products) could be efficiently accessed via a recently reported NHC-catalyzed bicyclization reaction. This organocatalytic methodology enables a rapid creation of molecular complexity and, therefore, its application to these total syntheses should save time and other resources. If a therapeutic potential can be corroborated, a synthetic access would provide this family of Xenia diterpenoids (or their derivatives) as possible anticancer drugs. As a result, this project could potentially lead to an improvement of medical care for future cancer patients, thereby also addressing a UN sustainable development goal.
Bus-Arrival-Time Prediction Models: Link-Based and Section-Based

Bus-arrival-time information service is a key component of an advanced transit information system. Instantaneous and accurate prediction of bus arrival time can help improve the quality of service, and attracts additional ridership. On the bases of analyses of bus running processes, bus arrival time was divided into interzone link travel time and section travel time. A self-adaptive exponential smoothing-based algorithm was proposed for interzone link travel time prediction, whereas link-based and section-based algorithms were proposed for section travel time prediction. With the automatic vehicle location data collected from an actual bus route, an experiment was conducted to measure the performance (accuracy and precision in prediction) of link-based and section-based models with respect to three dominant factors: day of week, time of day, and length of segment. The research results show that: (1) the overall performance of section-based models is superior to that of link-based models on all weekdays bu...
Detecting and characterizing exoplanets around evolved stars with nasa's tess mission

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is a NASA space mission, with launch scheduled for March 2018, that will perform an all-sky survey for planets transiting bright stars. Furthermore, TESS's excellent photometric precision, combined with its fine time sampling and long intervals of uninterrupted observations, will enable asteroseismology (i.e., the study of stars by the observation of their natural, resonant oscillations). Asteroseismology is proving to be particularly significant for the study of red-giant stars, while maturing into a powerful tool whose impact is being felt across different domains of astrophysics. A noticeable example is the synergy between asteroseismology and exoplanetary science. TESS hence offers the exciting prospect of conducting asteroseismology of evolved exoplanet-host stars. The research goal of this action is to use TESS photometry to systematically detect and characterize planets transiting oscillating evolved stars. To that end, we propose an interdisciplinary research project combining transit photometry, asteroseismology and radial-velocity/spectroscopic ground-based follow-up. The proposed research project is expected to provide new insight into some of the outstanding problems in exoplanetary science, namely, on the occurrence rate of gas-giant planets as a function of stellar mass, on the correlation between stellar metallicity and giant-planet occurrence around evolved stars, and on the structural aspects of gas-giant planets. Finally, we are also committed to improving public awareness of the increasingly engaging topic of exoplanets in the host organization's home country and, as part of this action, will develop an educational/outreach program in collaboration with a non-academic partner.
Joint automatic metabolite identification and quantification of a set of 1H NMR spectra

Metabolomics is a promising approach to characterize phenotypes or to identify biomarkers. It is also easily accessible through NMR, which can provide a comprehensive understanding of the metabolome of any living organisms. However, the analysis of 1H NMR spectrum remains difficult, mainly due to the different problems encountered to perform automatic identification and quantification of metabolites in a reproducible way. In addition, methods that perform automatic identification and quantification of metabolites often do it for one given complex mixture spectrum. Hence, when a set of complex mixture spectra coming from the same experiment has to be processed, the approach is simply repeated independently for every spectrum, despite their resemblance. Here, we present a new method that is the first to identify and quantify metabolites by integrating information coming from several complex spectra of the same experiment. The performances of this new method are then evaluated on both simulated and real datasets. The results show an improvement in the metabolite identification and in the accuracy of metabolite quantifications, especially when the concentration is low. This joint procedure is available in version 2.0 of ASICS package.
SMOKING ARTICLE

Described herein is a wrapper (102) for wrapping an aerosolisable material (103), the wrapper comprising at least three layers, wherein the peripheral layers (501, 503) comprise paper and an intermediate layer (502) comprises a non-combustible material, and wherein at least the intermediate layer and one of the peripheral layers are provided as a laminate structure.
The Future of Indian Agriculture

Indian agriculture is going through crisis as well as transformation. Crisis in terms of supporting the livelihoods of the rural communities and transformation in terms of changes that are different from the experiences of the last halfa century, especially after the green revolution of 1960s and early 1970s. As the profitability of agriculture and its potential to meet the cash needs of the farmers is on the decline more and more people are considering quitting agriculture as their main source of income. While proportion of people in this category varies depending on the monsoon and the market, the desperation is clear in the sector and majority of the farmers don't see their kin facing the uncertain prospects. As a result, changes in terms of composition of farmers (especially age and educational status of the farmers and land use) are changing. Apart from cash needs, farmers are facing new constraints of labour shortages, varying climate, etc., which are not only influencing the crop decisions but also adding to the desperation. The reasons for this situation originate from our inheritance (agrarian structure, policies, etc) though some of them are from very recent past. The book under review written by Prof. Y. K. Alagh, one of the doyens of Indian agriculture (contributed as a researcher as well as policy maker), provides a lucid and comprehensive narration of Indian agriculture since independence. Apart from the introductory chapter, the book is organised in four parts viz., agricultural demand, meeting demands with growth; investment and technology and lessons and policies. Introductory chapter sets the background and overview of the book. Prof. Alagh narrates the inheritance of agricultural policies since green revolution and explains the deceleration and pickup of agricultural growth over the years. It is argued that Indian agriculture continues to be demand driven and this is expected to accelerate in future. Chapter two delves deeply into the factors behind the demand for agricultural produce viz., population, changes in demand for food and feed, food security, poverty, income distribution and food subsidies. This chapter provides an exhaustive review of all the important studies dealing with these aspects. Demand for agriculture produce is moving away from cereals and food grains in favour of milk and milk products; edible oils, sugar, etc., though there are variations between different estimates. It is shown that the population dependent on agriculture and the share of rural population is declining faster than the official projections (Chapter 3). It is argued that the present plans exclude 10 percent of the urban population.
Cofunding of the cern fellowship programme 2014

Abstract
For many years, CERN has operated a trans-national Fellowship programme, offering scientists and engineers challenging opportunities in particle physics research, and in related fields of physics and technology. CERN secured COFUND grants in 2008, 2010, 2011 and 2012. They offer CERN a timely opportunity to enhance the mobility element of this programme without nationality limitations. The 2014 Call comes at the end of the Large Hadron Collider’s first long shutdown which once more makes CERN one of the most exciting places to work for the global physics and technology community.
Applicants will propose their own research projects. Selection will be based on the scientific potential of the proposal, and on the demonstrated excellence of the candidate. Working on frontier research and technology projects and profiting from the unique facilities available at CERN, the co-funded Fellows will deepen their knowledge in their own field and acquire international visibility and reputation. They will broaden their skills using the numerous training opportunities and through their exposure to an interdisciplinary and multi-national environment. Inter-sectoral skills will be fostered through CERN’s industrial collaborations and technology transfer projects. 
Attractive and competitive employment conditions are maintained by guaranteeing three-year appointments rather than the standard two-year terms of CERN Fellows. At least two of these three years will be spent at CERN. We consider this provision to be justified by the size of the Laboratory, the diversity of the research and training opportunities, and by the uniqueness of CERN’s facilities. However, mobility will be enhanced through the opportunity to spend up to one third of the Fellowship in external institutions, including industrial laboratories, on paid leave from CERN under the conditions of the full employment contract.
Mediterranean Ports' Contribution to Climate Change Mitigation

The CLIMEPORT project encourages Mediterranean Ports to combat climate change reducing greenhouse emissions and fostering a better use of energy in order to achieve sustainable development in port communities. During the project, an extensive benchmarking process will be carried out within the Mediterranean port sector concerning the use of environmental good practices and renewable energies in ports. CLIMEPORT is a project conceived by the port sector for the logistic communities and the whole society, applying state-of-the-art developments taking advantage of the combination of management and knowledge offered by Port Authorities and technological partners involved. 1. Assess the possible contribution of ports to combat climate change by energy saving and the use of renewable sources of energy, taking into account the last developments of the state-of-the-art technologies. 2. Defining environmental good practices of port users toward a sustainability of their activities 3. Establish criteria/indicators to monitor climate effect in sea life and its possible environmental risks 4. Provide ports with methodologies for determining their level of contribution and identifying tailor-made measures for improvement. 5. Disseminate the results throughout the European logistic clusters, creating a network of Mediterranean Po
TULC – Total Umbilikale Laparoskopische Cholezystektomie

Except for some few cases only symptomatic cholecystolithiasis constitutes an indication for operative treatment. The gold standard meanwhile has been the laparoscopic cholecystectomy, because the method shows good results with short hospital stay. Recently there has been an intensive discussion about combination of laparoscopic techniques with natural body orifice using surgery (NOTES). These techniques permit further reduction of surgical trauma and enhancing of cosmetic results. However, the technical effort is significant and most of the times a combination (hybrid procedure) of NOTES with standard laparoscopic procedure is performed, so that we concentrated on performing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a single incision through the umbilicus.A 5-mm incision left deep in the umbilicus and a 10-mm incision directly below were used for creating a pneumoperitoneum and for inserting the ports for the optic and the dissector. Exposition of the gallbladder was carried out by sutures, that were penetrated from outside through the abdominal wall into the abdominal cavity and transfixed through the gallbladder in order to hang up the gallbladder like a puppet by penetrating the abdominal wall again to the outside. Removal occurred through the umbilical incision.We successfully operated on 90 patients in a 12-month period. Mean operating time was 48 (39-71) min whereby no conversion to open surgery was necessary. No intra- or postoperative complications occurred in any patient. Average hospital stay was 2.5 (2-4) days, postoperative examination showed no differences to the usual laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a good cosmetic result and no visible scars.The purpose of our study was to further improve the cosmetic results of minimally invasive surgery of the gallbladder by operating totally through the umbilicus, using 2 ports deep in the umbilicus. We thereby avoid further surgical trauma due to creating an access through another organ as is done in the NOTES technique. For this operation no special equipment like flexible endoscopes was needed as common laparoscopic instruments were used.
FLUID PLUGS AS DOWNHOLE SEALING DEVICES AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS INCLUDING THE SAME

Fluid plugs as downhole sealing devices and methods include providing a stimulating fluid to a casing conduit that is defined by the production casing to stimulate a portion of a subterranean formation within which the production casing extends. The methods further may include providing a sealing fluid to the casing conduit, providing a sealing device to the casing conduit, and flowing the sealing fluid and the sealing device to a perforated section of the production casing. The methods further may include locating the sealing device on a perforation, generating a fluid plug within the perforated section of the production casing by increasing a viscosity of the sealing fluid, and retaining the sealing device proximate the perforation with the fluid plug.
Improvements in Means for Securing Railway Rails.

1989. O'Donnell, J. J., and Abrey, G. S. Jan. 26. Sleepers, securing rails to.-The metal strip 12 is bent over the wedge 14 to lock the wedge and clamp 7 in position, and has notches 13 in its sides engaging the edges of the slot in the sleeper.
Deciduous dentition ofDidymictis(Carnivoramorpha: Viverravidae): implications for the first appearance of “Creodonta”

Deciduous teeth of Carnivoramorpha can differ substantially from their permanent structural and functional counterparts, particularly dP4. As a consequence, isolated carnivoramorphan deciduous teeth have repeatedly been misidentified as permanent teeth of different, often unrelated taxa. Due in part to this potential for misidentification, the deciduous dentitions of basal carnivoramorphans remain poorly documented. This study describes and illustrates the 1st known deciduous premolars of a member of the basal carnivoramorphan family Viverravidae, with dP3–4 and dp3–4 of the early Eocene Didymictis protenus (Cope, 1874) documented by specimens associated with permanent teeth. The morphology of these specimens permits a reconsideration of the affinities of 2 mid-Paleocene taxa, Deltatherium durini Van Valen, 1978 and Prolimnocyon macfaddeni Rigby, 1980, that have been proposed to represent the earliest known members of the family Hyaenodontidae and the order “Creodonta.” Both species are founded on viverravid deciduous premolars. Reidentification of these taxa eliminates the Paleocene record of hyaenodontids from North America.
Center of innovative solutions for building safety –  istos center of excellence

Europe is experiencing an increasing number of disasters due to natural hazards. The potential for a hazard to cause a disaster mainly depends on the vulnerability of the exposed community to a particular hazard. According to EM-DAT, for the period 1998–2009, earthquakes in Europe rank second in terms of fatalities and third in terms of overall losses. Further, flooding, along with storms, is the most important natural hazard in Europe in terms of economic losses. Actions and measures, can reduce the economic impact of a hazardous event. Within this context, scholars, government agencies, professional organizations as well as local communities seek to understand the three main stages of a disaster (i.e. Normal/Risk Reduction Stage, Emergency Response Stage, Recovery Stage) and take measures to lower the negative impact. The goal of ISTOS is, by the end of the project, to significantly strengthen the Scientific Excellence and Innovation Capacity of the collaborative Advanced Infrastructures and Materials (AIM) laboratory established at the Frederick Research Center (FRC) and the Large Structures laboratory (LSL) established at the Cyprus University of Technology (CUT). The aim is to turn the collaborative laboratories at FRC and CUT into a Center of Excellence, “ISTOS”, which will be based in Cyprus. The proposed ISTOS project will achieve its goal by creating strong links between the AIM, LSL and two internationally leading research institutions namely the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH) of Greece and the PLINIVS Study Centre, University of Naples Federico II (PLINIVS-LUPT) of Italy. Through ISTOS, the research profile and expertise of the staff, of FRC and CUT, will be raised while at the same time enhancing the S&T capacity of the linked institutions.
A bio-inspired artificial whisker for fluid motion sensing with increased sensitivity and reliability

Biological hair fluid motion sensors are found in a variety of animals such as arachnids and marine mammals. These sensors display a wide range of geometrical sizes and dynamic characteristics affecting their sensitivity. We report design revisions to improve sensitivity, wake detection capabilities, and reliability in a biologically inspired fluid motion/wake detection sensor. The design implements a cone-in-cone capacitance based sensing mechanism for monitoring fluid motion fluctuations in the wake of an object in four directions. The improved sensor design shows a gain range (the difference between peak output voltage amplitude divided by the peak input voltage amplitude) of up to 0.27 between whisker compression and deflection, a 300X increase relative to prior art. Improvements to the sensor include adjusting the deflection measurement modality, increasing the inner cone size, using silver epoxy for plating, shielding signal wires, and reducing parasitic capacitance that dampens the output voltage range.
Cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a Lancet Oncology Commission

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), urgent action is needed to curb a growing crisis in cancer incidence and mortality. Without rapid interventions, data estimates show a major increase in cancer mortality from 520 348 in 2020 to about 1 million deaths per year by 2030. Here, we detail the state of cancer in SSA, recommend key actions on the basis of analysis, and highlight case studies and successful models that can be emulated, adapted, or improved across the region to reduce the growing cancer crises. Recommended actions begin with the need to develop or update national cancer control plans in each country. Plans must include childhood cancer plans, managing comorbidities such as HIV and malnutrition, a reliable and predictable supply of medication, and the provision of psychosocial, supportive, and palliative care. Plans should also engage traditional, complementary, and alternative medical practices employed by more than 80% of SSA populations and pathways to reduce missed diagnoses and late referrals. More substantial investment is needed in developing cancer registries and cancer diagnostics for core cancer tests. We show that investments in, and increased adoption of, some approaches used during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as hypofractionated radiotherapy and telehealth, can substantially increase access to cancer care in Africa, accelerate cancer prevention and control efforts, increase survival, and save billions of US dollars over the next decade. The involvement of African First Ladies in cancer prevention efforts represents one practical approach that should be amplified across SSA. Moreover, investments in workforce training are crucial to prevent millions of avoidable deaths by 2030. We present a framework that can be used to strategically plan cancer research enhancement in SSA, with investments in research that can produce a return on investment and help drive policy and effective collaborations. Expansion of universal health coverage to incorporate cancer into essential benefits packages is also vital. Implementation of the recommended actions in this Commission will be crucial for reducing the growing cancer crises in SSA and achieving political commitments to the UN Sustainable Development Goals to reduce premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by a third by 2030.