SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Quasiconformal methods in analysis and applications

The use of delicate  quasiconformal  methods, in conjunction with  convex integration and/or nonlinear Fourier analysis, will be the common theme of the proposal. A number of important outstanding problems are susceptible to attack via these methods. First and foremost, Morrey's fundamental question in two dimensional vectorial calculus of variations will be considered as well as the related conjecture of Iwaniec regarding the sharp $L^p$ bounds for the Beurling transform. Understanding the geometry of conformally invariant random structures will be one of the central goals of the proposal. Uhlmann's conjecture regarding the optimal regularity for uniqueness in Calder\'on's inverse conductivity problem will also be considered, as well as the applications to imaging. Further goals are to be found in  fluid mechanics and scattering, as well as the fundamental properties of quasiconformal mappings, interesting in their own right, such as the outstanding deformation problem for chord-arc curves.
Methods for primary concentration of viruses from water samples: a review and meta-analysis of recent studies

Since the beginning of environmental virology in the mid-twentieth century, a key challenge to scientists in the environmental field has been how to collect, isolate and detect pathogenic viruses from water that is used for drinking and/or recreational purposes. Early studies investigated different types of membrane filters, with more sophisticated technologies being developed more recently. The purpose of this study was to look at the current state of the science of methods for the concentration of viruses from water. Several technologies were reviewed, and associated data were included in a meta-analysis which showed that electronegative filters, electropositive filters and ultrafilters are comparable in performance and that significant differences in recovery are due to virus type rather than filter type, water matrix or sample volume. This information is useful, as it will help to determine which method(s) should be used, particularly if there is a specific viral type being targeted for a particular study. In addition, it will be helpful when sampling different environmental water matrices and/or when budget allowance must be taken into consideration. Taken together, this will be useful in performing viral occurrence studies, which ultimately can help ensure safer water for both humans and the environment.
Reduced Food-Effect on Intestinal Absorption of Dronedarone by Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS)

The oral absorption of dronedarone (DRN), a benzofuran derivative with anti-arrhythmic activity, is significantly affected by food intake. The absolute bioavailability of the marketed product (Multaq, Sanofi, U.S.) was about 4% without food, but increased to 15% when administered with a high fat meal. Therefore, to reduce the food-effect on the intestinal absorption of DRN, a novel self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was formulated and the comparative in vivo absorption studies with the marketed product were carried out using male beagle dogs either in the fasted or fed state. The SMEDDS consisted of the drug, Labrafil M 1944CS, and Kolliphor EL in a weight ratio of 1 : 1 : 2, rapidly formed a fine oil-in-water emulsion with a droplet size less than 50 nm. An in vivo absorption study revealed that the area-under-curve (AUC0-24 h) and maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) were 10.4-fold (p<0.05) and 8.6-fold (p<0.05) higher, respectively, after the marketed product was orally administered to beagles in the fed state when compared to those in the fasted state. This food-effect were remarkably alleviated by SMEDDS formulation, with AUC0-24 h and Cmax 2.9-fold (p<0.05) and 2.6-fold (p<0.05) higher in the fed state when compared to the fasted state, by facilitating intestinal absorption of DRN in the fasted state. The results of this study suggest that SMEDDS may decrease the differences in oral absorption of DRN between the prandial states, improving therapeutic efficacy as well as patient compliance.
Taking the Easy Way Out: How the GED Testing Program Induces Students to Drop Out

The option to obtain a General Education Development (GED) certificate changes the incentives facing high school students. This paper evaluates the effect of three different GED policy innovations on high school graduation rates. A six point decrease in the GED pass rate due to an increase in passing standards produced a 1.3 point decline in overall dropout rates. The introduction of a GED certification program in high schools in Oregon produced a four percent decrease in graduation rates. Introduction of GED certificates in California increased dropout rates by 3 points. The GED program induces high school students to drop out.
Effect of different forms of acute stress in the generation of reactive oxygen species in albino Wistar rats.

Stress is common for all organisms either in the form of eustress (beneficial) or as distress (harmful). Stress is highly diverse in present world and its effects in organisms are well studied. This study is a comparative effect of stress in the generation of reactive oxygen species in albino Wistar rats, which are seldom reported. Here animals were grouped into four and the test animals of each group were administered with any one of the following stress, namely forced swimming induced stress (FS), and noise induced stress (NS), immobilization stress (IS) and overcrowding stress (OS). After stress administration, serum cortisol was estimated as a bio marker of stress in the albino rats, and the liver homogenate were used to estimate superoxide dismutase (SOD) by using rat Elisa kit in the spectrophotometer. The data were processed with unpaired 't' test. The cortisol levels were found to be increased in a highly significant level (P < 0.001) in all the groups as compared to the normal control. And the stress level was found to be maximum in the FS group in comparison with other groups. The mean cortisol level in different stress groups such as FS, NS, IS and OS were found to be 4.15, 3.7, 3.63, 3.62 μ gm/dl respectively. Among all the stressed groups, the SOD level in the FS group were found to be increased in a highly significant level (P < 0.001) in comparison with normal control group. The SOD level in FS group was (30.75 U/mgm. protein) followed by OS (28.96), noise (28.88) and IS (28.77).
COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING WITH ENHANCED ACTIVITY

The present invention relates to a cleaning composition with enhanced cleaning activity and to the use for cleaning of hard and soft surfaces. In particular, the invention relates to a liquid alkaline cleaning composition useful in the cleaning of all kinds of articles or surfaces. The composition for cleaning comprises: a) at least one chelant of a water-soluble aminopolycarboxylate and/or aminopolycarboxylic acid; b) at least one C3 to C9 organic carboxylate and/or C3 to C9 organic carboxylic acid; c) at least one sequestering agent; d) at least one liquid conditioner polymer of monomers of water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C8-carboxylates and/or of water-soluble monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C8-carboxylic acids; e) at least one solvent; wherein the weight ratio of the C3 to C9 organic carboxylate and/or C3 to C9 organic carboxylic acid to the water-soluble aminopolycarboxylate and/or aminopolycarboxylic acid is in the range from 1:1 to 1:5.
Emergence of methicillin resistance predates the clinical use of antibiotics

The discovery of antibiotics more than 80 years ago has led to considerable improvements in human and animal health. Although antibiotic resistance in environmental bacteria is ancient, resistance in human pathogens is thought to be a modern phenomenon that is driven by the clinical use of antibiotics1. Here we show that particular lineages of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-a notorious human pathogen-appeared in European hedgehogs in the pre-antibiotic era. Subsequently, these lineages spread within the local hedgehog populations and between hedgehogs and secondary hosts, including livestock and humans. We also demonstrate that the hedgehog dermatophyte Trichophyton erinacei produces two β-lactam antibiotics that provide a natural selective environment in which methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates have an advantage over susceptible isolates. Together, these results suggest that methicillin resistance emerged in the pre-antibiotic era as a co-evolutionary adaptation of S. aureus to the colonization of dermatophyte-infected hedgehogs. The evolution of clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in wild animals and the connectivity of natural, agricultural and human ecosystems demonstrate that the use of a One Health approach is critical for our understanding and management of antibiotic resistance, which is one of the biggest threats to global health, food security and development.
CEREAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING HIGH-POTENCY SWEETENER

The present invention relates generally to cereal compositions comprising non-caloric or low-caloric high-potency sweeteners and methods for making and using them. In particular, the present invention relates to different cereal compositions comprising at least one non-caloric or low-caloric natural and/or synthetic high potency sweetener and at least one sweet taste improving composition. The present invention also relates to cereal compositions and methods that can improve the tastes of non-caloric or low-caloric natural and/or synthetic, high-potency sweeteners by imparting a more sugar-like taste or characteristic. In particular, the cereal compositions and methods provide a more sugar-like temporal profile, including sweetness onset and sweetness linger, and/or a more sugar-like flavor profile.
Odd symmetrical square-root phase mask to extend the depth of field in wavefront-coded imaging systems

Abstract Extend-the-depth-of-field imaging can be achieved by wavefront coding technique, which inserts an odd symmetrical phase mask into the pupil plane to generate the invariant imaging property over a wide range of defocus. Obtaining the low sensibility to defocus for wavefront coding systems depends on designing a proper phase profile. Here we proposed a phase mask combining the power function with the square-root function to maximize the invariant imaging property to defocus. Judging by defocused modulation transfer function (MTF) and Hilbert space angle, numerical comparisons with the cubic mask, exponential mask and improved logarithmic mask prove the superiority of proposed square-root phase mask in extending the depth of field.
Low dose molecular breast imaging for improved cancer detection in dense breast tissue.

The 50% of women with dense breast tissue who are currently screened for breast cancer by mammography have large numbers of cancers missed, and non-cancerous features erroneously diagnosed, due to the difficulty of a mammogram distinguishing tumours from dense breast tissue. In dense breasts, around 1 in 2 cancers is missed by mammography.
Molecular Breast Imaging has much higher sensitivity (a better cancer detection rate) and specificity (fewer false alarms) than mammography, particularly for dense breasts. Its use as a screening technology is currently restricted due to its high radiation dose and inability to guide a biopsy. 
This feasibility study will investigate the technical, economic and regulatory viability of Kromek’s technology to being adopted in optimised diagnosis pathways. Kromek currently supplies detectors into the MBI market, and have a number of innovative platform technologies to add to the current offering to create a system to address these barriers to adoption. Work in this Phase 1 study will identify the dose vs cancer detection balance, to guide the application of the technologies to the market needs.
We predict sales in the EU and USA of 147 million Euros in the first five years after commercialisation, which will help address the approximately 110 thousand women in Europe whose cancers in dense breasts are currently missed by mammography.
Homossexualidade em questão

Durante vários séculos, as religiões monoteístas tradicionais foram responsáveis por reforçar junto à sociedade determinados valores associados aos papéis de gênero e sexualidade. Muitas delas adotavam posturas conservadoras em relação a estas questões, contribuindo para o reforço de uma visão negativa a respeito da homossexualidade e sua exclusão do convívio social. Com a modernidade, estas questões têm sido rediscutidas no interior do campo religioso, gerando tensões e conflitos. Neste artigo pretendemos analisar a formação de um novo movimento religioso no seio da chamada “modernidade tardia”: as Igrejas Cristãs Inclusivas. Adotaremos como foco o histórico deste movimento no estado de Goiás e as principais dificuldades que estas Igrejas enfrentam para se inserirem no mercado religioso local.
DEVICE FOR ANCHORING SAFETY BARRIER POSTS IN A FOUNDATION

The disclosed device comprises a hollow section (1.1 - 1.7) having a hollow space (4) which is open at least at its upper end for the insertion of a post (17.1; 17.2) and the hollow cross section which is essentially closed on all sides corresponds to the cross section of the inserted post (17.1; 17.2) to hold it and which has at least one anchoring projection (9) on its outer side (7) with at least one anchoring aperture (10.11) to anchor the hollow section (1.1 - 1.7) in the foundation (20).
Influence of the small substitution of Z=Ni, Cu, Cr, V for Fe on the magnetic, magnetocaloric, and magnetoelastic properties of LaFe11.4Si1.6

Abstract We have studied the magnetic, magnetocaloric, and magnetostriction properties of LaFe 11.4 Si 1.6 and La(Fe 0.99 Z 0.01 ) 11.4 Si 1.6 (Z=Ni, Cu, Cr, V) compounds using magnetization and strain gauge techniques. It was found that substitution of 1% of the Fe by Z-elements results in an increase in the Curie temperature ( T C ), and affects the magnetostriction and magnetocaloric properties of the parent compound, LaFe 11.4 Si 1.6 . A maximum shift in T C of about 11 K, and significantly smaller hysteresis losses in the vicinity of T C compared with those of the base compound, were found for Z=V. The maximum magnetovolume coupling constant was estimated to be n dd ≈2.7×10 −3  ( μ B /Fe atom) −2 for the parent compound. The changes in the volume magnetostriction, the magnetovolume coupling constant, and the magnetocaloric properties are strongly correlated with composition. The relative effects of the variation in cell parameters and electron concentration on the magnetostriction, T C , and the magnetocaloric properties are discussed.
Incorporating Climate Variability for Point-Source Discharge Permitting in a Complex River System

The conventional point-source discharge permitting approach, referred to as the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES), is based on either a regulatory low flow (hydrologic, biological, or seasonal) criterion or on a hydrograph controlled release (HCR) approach. Regulatory low flows are often estimated using empirical equations because of the lack of historical flow data. Overestimated low flows may threaten water quality protection, while underestimated low flows can result in uneconomical wastewater treatment. Since uncertainty in low flow estimations is caused by climate variability, uncertainty in the permitting process can be reduced through explicit incorporation of climate variability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to demonstrate how the NPDES permitting process can be improved through the incorporation of climate information. A dissolved oxygen (DO) model was developed for the Chickasaw Creek watershed located in southeast Alabama using the Loading Simulation Program C++ (LSPC) linked with a hydrodynamic and water quality model (EPD-RIV1). Models were calibrated and validated for flow, stream temperature, DO, and other water quality variables. DO and stream temperature variations were examined for historic, climate variability-causing events of La Nia and El Nio using a number of statistical criteria to develop toxicity-based and DO-based criteria for ammonia. The analysis identified December to April for El Nio as periods of high assimilation (28% higher as compared to the current assimilation). Similarly, August to October for La Nia was identified as a period of high assimilation, but with a higher degree of variability. May to July for La Nia and August to October for El Nio were identified as periods of restrictive point-source discharge. Analysis suggested that El Nio Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictions provide sufficient warning for the impending drought for reducing point-source discharges because low flow in summer months is a function of winter and spring sea surface temperature, precipitation, and streamflow due to its autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics. Overall, the research demonstrated the usefulness of integrating climate information with NPDES permitting.
Mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomic profiling of nav1.7, a voltage-gated sodium channel

Chronic pain represents a major unmet medical need which has been linked to changes in voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). These channels are transmembrane protein-complexes with a key-role in signal transmission in excitable cells, such as neurons, and allow the flux of Na+ ions through the cellular membrane in response to specific stimuli, thus controlling the generation and propagation of action potentials. Nine VGSC subtypes are known to be expressed in different cell types, and among them subtype Nav1.7 is of extreme interest since it is involved in nociceptive processing (pain-sensing) in the peripheral nervous system. Remarkably, patients suffering from congenital indifference to pain syndrome, which derives from loss-of-function mutations of the gene encoding for Nav1.7, have a dramatically reduced ability to perceive painful stimuli, but are otherwise perfectly healthy. Therefore, Nav1.7 has been recognized as an exciting target for pharmacological treatments of pain. However, detailed structural and functional information is lacking, and its attainment represents a fundamental step in the challenging task of finding Nav subtype-selective modulators. Thus, the main focus of my project is to study ligand-binding events with known modulators, thereby paving the way to the design of safe and selective inhibitors. I will develop, by solid phase peptide synthesis, a chemical probe specifically designed to isolate Nav1.7, using a tandem photoaffinity labeling-bioorthogonal conjugation approach. This probe will be applied in model cell lines expressing the channel, in order to study their binding interaction through mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomics. Once these chemical tools are established and validated in the model system, I will translate them to patient-derived cells, in order to study disease-relevant systems.
Choice of Measurement as the Signal

In classical mechanics, performing a measurement without reading the measurement outcome is equivalent to not exploiting the measurement at all. A nonselective measurement in the classical realm carries no information. Here we show that the situation is remarkably different when quantum mechanical systems are concerned. A nonselective measurement on one part of a maximally entangled pair can allow communication between two parties. In the proposed protocol, the signal is encoded in the choice of the measurement basis of one of the communicating parties, while the outcomes of the measurement are irrelevant for the communication and therefore may be discarded. Different choices for the (nonselective) measurement correspond to different signals. The implication of the study of measurements in quantum mechanics is considered. The scheme is studied in a Hilbert space of prime dimension.
Assessment of acute moderate hyperglycemia on traditional and thromboelastometry coagulation parameters in healthy adult horses

To determine whether experimentally induced acute moderate hyperglycemia is associated with coagulation activation in healthy adult horses.Prospective experimental study.University veterinary teaching hospital.Six healthy adult horses.Hyperglycemia (10.0-13.3 mmol/L [180-240 mg/dL]) was induced and maintained for 6 hours using a hyperglycemic clamp technique. Blood glucose concentrations were assessed using a point of care (POC) glucometer at 10- and 20-minute intervals throughout the hyperglycemic clamp procedure. Platelet count, fibrinogen concentration, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin antithrombin complex level (TAT), and thromboelastometry (TEM) were determined before and after jugular catheter placement, prior to glucose administration, and at 3 and 6 hours of sustained hyperglycemia. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance with significance defined as P < 0.05.All horses maintained blood glucose concentration >10.0 mmol/L (>180 mg/dL) throughout the duration of the hyperglycemic clamp with a mean concentration of 11.9 ± 0.3 mmol/L [216 ± 6 mg/dL] as measured by the POC glucometer. No significant difference was found for any evaluated parameter associated with sustained hyperglycemia. Intravenous catheter placement resulted in a significant increase in mean TAT (0.8 ± 0.3 μg/L pre-catheter, 2.3 ± 0.8 μg/L post-catheter; P = 0.008).Acute, moderate hyperglycemia in healthy adult horses does not have a detectable effect on coagulation based on evaluated parameters. Jugular catheter placement results in a transient increase in thrombin generation as determined by increased TAT concentrations.
Online control of datacenter power supply under uncertain demand and renewable energy

Modern Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) equip their Datacenter Power Supply System (DPSS) with multisources to mitigate power cost, carbon emission, and power outage: (1) multi-markets grid with time-varying energy prices, (2) finite capacity of Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS), and (3) certain volumes of intermittent renewable energy. With the presence of uncertain renewable sources and datacenter power demand, CSPs have a critical challenge: how to design systematical online control policies that best utilize different characteristics of multisources in a complementary manner to deliver reliable energy to datacenters while minimizing DPSS operation cost. Based on a stochastic optimization model that captures characteristics of DPSS, we apply two-stage Lyapunov optimization to design and analyze an online DPSS control algorithm (OnDPSS). OnDPSS makes decisions on fully utilizing renewable energy, two-timescales power purchasing, and UPS charging/discharging without requiring substantial statistics of system dynamics. Our mathematical analyses and one-month trace-driven simulations have demonstrated both the optimality (in terms of tradeoff between minimization of DPSS operational cost and constraint satisfaction on datacenter availability and UPS lifetime) and system stability (in terms of robustness to time-varying power demand and supply) achieved by OnDPSS algorithm.
Social Power and Cognition

This chapter examines the links between social power and the mind. It reviews empirical evidence about how having or lacking power affects cognitive processes that underlie judgment and behavior. It focuses on the major components of the cognitive toolbox, such as attention allocation, attentional control, flexibility, memory, and construct accessibility. It also considers neuroscientific evidence and discusses dynamical conceptions of cognition and self-regulation as they unfold across different contexts and states of the perceiver. The evidence indicates that power enhances cognitive abilities and goal focus, but also the propensity to fast and frugal processing. Compared with individuals who lack power, power holders are more susceptible to effectively influence others, pursue goals, and satisfy their needs, while also being more influenced by constructs that are temporarily activated on a moment-to-moment basis. Thus, having power enhances situated responses and behavior variability.