SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Effects of nutrition and lifestyle on impulsive, compulsive, and externalizing behaviours

Maladaptive impulsivity and compulsivity predispose to antisocial and addictive behaviours. Factors influencing those traits are not well understood, but diet, lifestyle, socio-economic status (SES), sex, and heritability play pivotal roles. Here, we aim (1) to identify nutrition and lifestyle drivers that can be employed to prevent detrimental impulsivity/compulsivity in males and females across the lifespan, (2) to characterize the etiologic paths leading to extreme behaviour, and (3) to promote policy changes to counteract maladaptive impulsivity/compulsivity by disseminating evidence-based information about health-related behaviours to families, clinicians, policy makers, and general public. We use epidemiologic approaches in the world-wide largest existing samples to investigate association of nutrition components & lifestyle with impulsivity/ compulsivity, and how such associations are moderated by age, culture, sex, SES, and genetics. We assess beneficial effects of key nutritional interventions through RCTs in highly impulsive males/females, going beyond state-of-the-art by directly comparing personalized, high-intensity approaches with one-size-fits-all and microbiome-dependent supplementations. We study the protective potential of acute exercise and habitual physical activity. We monitor intervention-induced changes in real time through objective mHealth-based experience sampling. Uniquely, we study effects of the gut-microbiome and its metabolites, as well as brain connectivity and epigenetic patterns as mediators and predictors of behavioural change. We initiate and support societal change by media-based information and education. We innovate the field by measuring behavioural change using social media downstream of educational campaigns and by translation of our findings into tangible healthy food solutions with a celebrity chef. Our group, in which experts from multiple disciplines join forces, is in a unique position to carry out the proposed project.
Gender-Gap in political endurance: a novel political inclusion theory

Democracies are under pressure worldwide: The political landscape is rapidly changing, with new parties emerging and old ones suffering, as voters turn away from established parties. We also witness a significant gender-gap in political endurance, meaning that women’s careers as elected representatives in parliaments tend to end quicker than men’s. SUCCESS argues that questions of women’s political endurance are of uttermost importance for the quality and legitimacy of democratic processes and therefore demand scholarly attention.

SUCCESS will advance a novel theory of inclusion that explains gender-gaps in endurance, and provide much-needed new empirical evidence on why, how and under what conditions women’s political careers are likely to endure.

SUCCESS will investigate the multifaceted relationships between a) the agency of elected representatives, i.e. their choice of strategies to get re-elected b) popular opinions about representatives’ gender, political experience and their career strategy, and c) the specific institutions and contexts that underpin gender-gaps in political endurance across time, regions and political systems. SUCCESS thus offers a comprehensive perspective, highlighting the interconnections between these three aspects in a novel theory of political inclusion: Rather than focusing on what excludes women from political office, the project explores what contributes to their success.

SUCCESS will employ a unique multi-methods approach to collect data in five core country cases and a large-N dataset, including qualitative interviews, survey experiments, conjoint analysis, simulation study and anthropological film. These efforts yield unprecedented opportunities for a new turn towards understanding how gender-gaps in political endurance affect political inequalities. The project is pioneering empirical studies on why and how increased electoral volatility in new and old democracies disrupts or reinforces gendered power hierarchies in politics.
A review of online grooming: Characteristics and concerns

The process of online grooming facilitates child abuse and is a threat to young people across the world. This literature review explores the research surrounding how young people are targeted by offenders on the internet. Definitions, prevalence, and characteristics of online grooming are addressed in addition to consideration of child sexual abuse theories and internet behaviors. There are a variety of techniques used by internet groomers to manipulate young people (e.g., flattery, bribes, and threats) and different ways that young people engage in risk taking behavior on the internet (e.g., communicating with strangers online and sharing personal information). While models and typologies can aid professionals in understanding the crime, it is important to acknowledge that internet offenders, victims, and the dynamics between the two are often unique and varied. This is fundamental to the development of effective preventative education for online grooming and abuse. The review concludes that research concerning the online grooming of young people is limited, and calls for further study in this field. ► Young people are more accessible to offenders through technology. ► Grooming techniques vary and may involve manipulation, flattery and sexualization. ► Internet aids anonymity assisting offenders in distancing themselves from abuse. ► Offenders notice vulnerability or sexualization as a motive to contact a child. ► Research regarding online grooming is extremely limited.
Connection device for electrical oscillations for the adjustment of frequency in various frequency scope with capacity diodes. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Connection arrangement for electric oscillations for the frequency adjustment of several frequency ranges with capacitance diodes, which are alternatively operated as a short-circuit diode or as a capacitance diode, characterized in that the oscillating circuit inductance is coordinated with the connection in series of two or more capacitance diodes, and in that the capacitance diodes are dimensioned in such a way that in each case, a diode, together with the oscillating circuit inductance, serves for the travel of a frequency band, and the another diode, together with the oscillating circuit inductance, serves for the travel of another frequency range. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
Znanost za vse (research for all)

The key ZATE message is that everyone can become a researcher? and main project aims are to bring researchers to the general public, to inspire youngster to embark on science careers and increase awareness of: researchers' profession, the possibility of various careers in academic and non-academic institutions, understanding EU, the path to embark and develop research careers, researchers' important role in society and highly important impact of their work on our daily life.  Inclusiveness is the key, not only when we speak about society, researchers (in all aspects) but also the young with less opportunity to get in touch with science (bus transport to ERN event). The intensive (off/online) awareness campaign (AC) will include national cooperation of selected ERN consortiums, various pre-events, national reward competition, Train the trainers and multipliers program. On traditional ERN main event renewed programs in a festive and fun atmosphere. Pre-events and events activities aim at offering the public at large an opportunity to get engaged in science through fascinating experiments, demonstrations, observations, to socialize and have fun with researchers in a relaxed atmosphere. They include various interactive activities of a wide range of science fields. ZATE activities will be implemented in Maribor, Krško, Koper, Izola and Nova Gorica. Trained researchers will interactively present research and innovation results. EU dimension will be visible, presented also by representatives of NCPs (MSCA, ERC), Europe Direct, SBRA Brussels. Traditional cooperation of the primary and secondary schools' winning teams of research and innovative projects in the frame of Youth for Maribor Progress (financed by Maribor municipality) is included again, as a way through which young easier inspire their fellows and connect with the real scientists. Last but not least, the improved impact assessment, which results are important contribution also to the evolution of the next ERN project activities.
L’aménagement d’un centre-ville sans voiture à Oslo : véritable politique de restriction automobile ou simple requalification de l’espace public consécutif à l’effacement du trafic motorisé ?

L’alternance politique à la municipalité d’Oslo en 2015 a amené aux affaires une coalition travaillistes-socialistes-écologistes qui, depuis, porte l’ambition de faire du centre-ville d’Oslo le plus vaste espace piéton d’Europe. Depuis 2018, la municipalité déploie ainsi son projet de « vie urbaine sans voiture » qui vise progressivement à chasser l’automobile du centre-ville et à réattribuer une nouvelle fonction aux espaces publics reconquis. Alors que cette entreprise est présentée par ses protagonistes comme une ambitieuse mesure de restriction automobile, en rupture avec la politique de mobilité des années passées, cet article défend la thèse qu’elle constitue, en réalité, le prolongement et la dernière phase d’un long processus, entamé depuis les années 1990, d’effacement des réseaux routiers de surface, participant tout autant à fluidifier la circulation automobile qu’à rouvrir la ville sur son front de mer. Ainsi, Oslo présente l’originalité d’une situation urbaine où la quête d’accroissement des capacités routières des années 1990, a permis, 25 ans plus tard, la piétonnisation d’un centre-ville, déchargé du trafic automobile. L’approche automobile de la mobilité, propre au paradigme de la ville moderne, et celle omnimodale, propre à celui de la ville durable, ailleurs opposées et concurrentes, semblent ici former un continuum , la première ayant permis l’avènement de la seconde. L’espace actuellement soustrait à la voiture en surface, au profil des modes alternatifs a, en effet, été largement compensé et précédé par le creusement d’un réseau routier souterrain destiné à faciliter la circulation automobile.
Many-Body theory of antimatter interactions with atoms, molecules and condensed matter

The ability of positrons to annihilate with electrons, producing characteristic gamma rays, gives them important use in medicine via positron-emission tomography (PET), diagnostics of industrially-important materials, and in elucidating astrophysical phenomena. Moreover, the fundamental interactions of positrons and positronium (Ps) with atoms, molecules and condensed matter are currently under intensive study in numerous international laboratories, to illuminate collision phenomena and perform precision tests of fundamental laws. 

Proper interpretation and development of these costly and difficult experiments requires accurate calculations of low-energy positron and Ps interactions with normal matter. These systems, however, involve strong correlations, e.g., polarisation of the atom and virtual-Ps formation (where an atomic electron tunnels to the positron): they significantly effect positron- and Ps-atom/molecule interactions, e.g., enhancing annihilation rates by many orders of magnitude, and making the accurate description of these systems a challenging many-body problem. Current theoretical capability lags severely behind that of experiment. Major theoretical and computational developments are required to bridge the gap.

One powerful method, which accounts for the correlations in a natural, transparent and systematic way, is many-body theory (MBT). Building on my expertise in the field, I propose to develop new MBT to deliver unique and unrivalled capability in theory and computation of low-energy positron and Ps interactions with atoms, molecules, and condensed matter. The ambitious programme will provide the basic understanding required to interpret and develop the fundamental experiments, antimatter-based materials science techniques, and wider technologies, e.g., (PET), and more broadly, potentially revolutionary and generally applicable computational methodologies that promise to define a new level of high-precision in atomic-MBT calculations.
Abstract 2272: Heme oxygenase-1 regulates apoptosis and autophagy for the survival of renal cancer cells

Proceedings: AACR 103rd Annual Meeting 2012‐‐ Mar 31‐Apr 4, 2012; Chicago, IL

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation pathway is classically known for its cytoprotective role during tissue injury. However, this protective function of HO-1, which is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis under stress conditions, may act as a double-edged sword by promoting survival of cancer cells. HO-1 is overexpressed in different cancers, and cancer cells may utilize the anti-apoptotic effects of HO-1 as a shield against chemotherapeutic agents. We have recently demonstrated that activation of the oncogenic Ras pathway induces HO-1 to promote survival of renal cancer cells. Recent studies show that along with apoptosis, type II cell death or autophagy also plays a vital role in regulating the fate of cancer cells. While some groups suggest that toxic autophagy cooperates with chemotherapeutic agents to facilitate apoptosis of cancer cells, others propose a protective role of autophagy in cancer. Here, we investigated whether HO-1 can control apoptosis- and autophagy-related genes to regulate survival of human renal cancer cells (786-0 and Caki-1). We overexpressed HO-1 in these cells either by CoPP treatment, a known inducer of HO-1, or by transfecting the cells with a human HO-1 overexpression plasmid. We observed that the overexpression of HO-1 increased the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL as observed by Western blot analysis; and this was associated with a significant decrease in the expression of autophagic proteins Beclin-1 and LC3B-II. The knockdown of HO-1 using specific siRNA led to down-regulation of Bcl-xL, and a marked increase in LC3B-II expression. Moreover, we found that the treatment of renal cancer cells with either rapamycin or sorafenib (two commonly used drugs for the treatment of renal cancer) induced the protein expression of HO-1; and apoptotic effects of these drugs on cancer cells were markedly enhanced in presence of the HO-1 inhibitor SnPP as observed by FACS analysis using Annexin-V staining. Together, our results indicate that HO-1 is up-regulated in renal cancer cells for their survival against chemotherapeutic agents, and it may protect the cells from both apoptosis- and autophagy-mediated death. Besides, recent studies demonstrated that both rapamycin and sorafenib can induce autophagy. Considering this together with our data, we suggest that application of these drugs along with HO-1 inhibitor may result in more efficient killing of renal cancer cells by reducing cytoprotective effects of HO-1 and by simultaneous induction of both autophagy and apoptosis.

Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2272. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2272
A Humble Opinion on the Development of the Credit Rating Industry in China

In 2007,the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis triggered the financial regulators' strengthening regulation of the rating agencies and the rating business throughout the world.At present,On the one hand,there are such problems for China's credit rating industry as an incomplete legislation,uncertain regulation,outstanding phenomenon of cut-throat competition,insufficient professional operation and lack of authorization for rating;On the other hand,there are such development opportunities as rapid development of the capital market,demand for the SME guarantee system construction,implementation of dual rating system,asset restructuring within the industry,government support,etc.Therefore,it's necessary to learn from the advanced experience of developed countries,combine with the actual situations in China,and take actions to promote the development of credit rating industry in China by commencing from legislation,government regulation,industry self-regulation,rating agencies,international cooperation and so on.
Schizophrenia as segmental progeria

Schizophrenia is associated with a variety of physical manifestations (i.e. metabolic, neurological) and despite psychotropic medication being blamed for some of these (in particular obesity and diabetes), there is evidence that schizophrenia itself confers an increased risk of physical disease and early death. The observation that schizophrenia and progeroid syndromes share common clinical features and molecular profiles gives rise to the hypothesis that schizophrenia could be conceptualized as a whole body disorder, namely a segmental progeria. Mammalian cells employ the mechanisms of cellular senescence and apoptosis (programmed cell death) as a means to control inevitable DNA damage and cancer. Exacerbation of those processes is associated with accelerated ageing and schizophrenia and this warrants further investigation into possible underlying biological mechanisms, such as epigenetic control of the genome.
Embryonic Senescence and Laminopathies in a Progeroid Zebrafish Model

Mutations that disrupt the conversion of prelamin A to mature lamin A cause the rare genetic disorder Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome and a group of laminopathies. Our understanding of how A-type lamins function in vivo during early vertebrate development through aging remains limited, and would benefit from a suitable experimental model. The zebrafish has proven to be a tractable model organism for studying both development and aging at the molecular genetic level. Zebrafish show an array of senescence symptoms resembling those in humans, which can be targeted to specific aging pathways conserved in vertebrates. However, no zebrafish models bearing human premature senescence currently exist.We describe the induction of embryonic senescence and laminopathies in zebrafish harboring disturbed expressions of the lamin A gene (LMNA). Impairments in these fish arise in the skin, muscle and adipose tissue, and sometimes in the cartilage. Reduced function of lamin A/C by translational blocking of the LMNA gene induced apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and craniofacial abnormalities/cartilage defects. By contrast, induced cryptic splicing of LMNA, which generates the deletion of 8 amino acid residues lamin A (zlamin A-Δ8), showed embryonic senescence and S-phase accumulation/arrest. Interestingly, the abnormal muscle and lipodystrophic phenotypes were common in both cases. Hence, both decrease-of-function of lamin A/C and gain-of-function of aberrant lamin A protein induced laminopathies that are associated with mesenchymal cell lineages during zebrafish early development. Visualization of individual cells expressing zebrafish progerin (zProgerin/zlamin A-Δ37) fused to green fluorescent protein further revealed misshapen nuclear membrane. A farnesyltransferase inhibitor reduced these nuclear abnormalities and significantly prevented embryonic senescence and muscle fiber damage induced by zProgerin. Importantly, the adult Progerin fish survived and remained fertile with relatively mild phenotypes only, but had shortened lifespan with obvious distortion of body shape.We generated new zebrafish models for a human premature aging disorder, and further demonstrated the utility for studying laminopathies. Premature aging could also be modeled in zebrafish embryos. This genetic model may thus provide a new platform for future drug screening as well as genetic analyses aimed at identifying modifier genes that influence not only progeria and laminopathies but also other age-associated human diseases common in vertebrates.
Influence of algal iron content on the assimilation and fate of iron and carbon in a marine copepod

We conducted pulse-chase experiments to study the assimilation and excretion of iron and carbon by the copepod Acartia tonsa fed three algal species cultured under Fe-replete or Fe-depleted conditions. Mean assimilation efficiency of Fe (AEFe) for copepods ranged from 47% to 53% when fed the diatom Thalassiosira oceanica, 43% to 45% when fed the cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina, and 50% to 69% when fed the prymnesiophyte Isochrysis galbana. Carbon assimilation efficiency (AEC) ranged from 82% to 90% for all species. No consistent difference in AEFe or AEC was observed between Fe treatments. Instead, AEFe was linearly correlated with the fraction of Fe contained in algal cytosol (r2 = 0.75, p = 0.02). The excretion rate constants of Fe were generally higher when A. tonsa individuals were fed Fe-depleted cells, especially for R. salina and I. galbana, contrary to expectations if the copepods were maintaining elemental homeostasis. Mean respiratory rates were 30–60% higher for the copepods fed Fe-depleted food among the three algal diets, suggesting that those animals were “dumping” excess C. However, respiration was also closely related to cell size of algal food. Biokinetic modeling based on parameters measured here suggests that A. tonsa cannot maintain stoichiometric homeostasis of their tissue Fe : C ratios. The lack of regulation of tissue Fe contents is in marked contrast to the well-established regulation of the macronutrients nitrogen and phosphorus for some crustacean zooplankton.
LATCHING DEVICE

The present invention relates to a latching device (10) for securing two panels together such as those of storage structures in which an enclosure is secured by a door or panel which will remain in a closed position until released. The present latching system is usually used in connection with automobile glove boxes or other compartments which are to be secured for storage of items therein. The latching device has a housing (12) actuation member (1102) and a pawl (14) in communication with a moveable retention member (28). The latching device can be electrically or manually operated.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTRUING A PRE-CUT PLASTIC CARD VIA LASER CUTTING, HAVING A PLASTIC CARD, PLASTIC CARD PRELAMINATE AND STICKER SEPARABLE FROM THE PLASTIC CARD STRUCTURE

Described herein are methods and apparatuses for manufacturing a pre-cut plastic card structure via laser cutting, having a plastic card, plastic card prelaminate and sticker separable from the plastic card structure. The plastic card prelaminate includes a first plastic sheet, a first adhesive layer arranged below the first plastic sheet, a release layer arranged below the first adhesive layer, a laser barrier layer arranged below the release layer, and a second plastic sheet arranged below of the laser barrier layer.
Genetic influences on dietary variety - Results from a twin study

The heritability of variety seeking in the food domain was estimated from a large sample (N = 5,543) of middle age to elderly monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the "Virginia 30,000" twin study. Different dietary variety scores were calculated based on a semi-quantitative food choice questionnaire that assessed consumption frequencies and quantities for a list of 99 common foods. Results indicate that up to 30% of the observed variance in dietary variety was explained through heritable influences. Most of the differences between twins were due to environmental influences that are not shared between twins. Additional non-genetic analyses further revealed a weak relationship between dietary variety and particular demographic variables, including socioeconomic status, age, sex, religious faith, and the number of people living in the same household.