SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Going local in the perso-islamic lands: afghan geniza, islamisation and language in the pre-mongol islamic east

Multilingual and culturally diverse adaptations – not doctrinal uniformity or Arabisation – have allowed Islam to dominate the eastern Islamic lands in what is today Afghanistan, Iran and Central Asia. While Islamic fundamentalism exemplified by the bombing of the Bamiyan Buddhas has dominated the discourse on Islamisation in the region, it remains unclear when and how such forms of adaptations arose. 
Previous research has argued that caliphal and sultanic authority underlie local realities in the pre-Mongol Islamic East. But the latter show central control, suggesting the underlying mechanisms at local level might be different. A better model for the spread of Islam in the East and its countryside might be local innovation and adaptation. In 2013 and 2017 when the newly discovered Afghan Geniza was made publicly available for the first time, it became possible to test this hypothesis for the pre-Mongol Islamic East.  
Using both a top-down and bottom-up testing approach, GO.LOCAL will test whether Islam is a manifestation of cumulative culture – currently the implied hypothesis in the field – or whether it is best accounted for with the local anchoring model. That is GO.LOCAL will evaluate whether Islam and Islamisation are more similar to local innovations in authority and language than developments at imperial capitals and other central hubs. The outcomes and conclusions of GO.LOCAL will therefore inform several fields at once (e.g. history, sociolinguistics, anthropology, archaeology and theology). 
This proposal is the first to test the local anchoring account developed by classicists in the Islamic East. If its predictions are confirmed, then multilingualism and cultural diversity will have emerged as far more important as factors in Islamisation than previously assumed. GO.LOCAL will radically transform our understanding in the evolution of Islam, Islamisation and religion more generally.
Brain metabolism and oxygenation in healthy pigs receiving hypoventilation and hyperoxia

Modulation in ventilatory settings is one of the approaches and interventions used to treat and prevent secondary brain damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here we investigate the effect of hyperoxia in combination with hypoventilation on brain oxygenation, metabolism and intracranial pressure. Twelve pigs were divided into three groups; group1-100% hyperoxia (n=4), group 2-100% hyperoxia and 20% decrease in minute volume (MV) (n=4) and group 3-100% hyperoxia and 50% decrease in MV (n=4). Neither of the ventilator settings affected the lactate/pyruvate ratio significantly. However, there was a significant decrease of brain lactate (2.6±1.7 to 1.8±1.6mM) and a rapid and marked increase in brain oxygenation (7.9±0.7 to 61.3±17.6mmHg) in group 3. Intracranial pressure (ICP) was not significantly affected in this group, however, the ICP increased significantly in group 2 with 100% hyperoxia plus 20% reduction in minute volume. We conclude that hyperoxia in combination with 50% decrease in MV showed pronounced increase in partial brain oxygen tension (pbrO2) and decrease in brain lactate. The ventilatory modification, used in this study should be considered for further investigation as a possible therapeutic intervention for TBI patients.
Features of the Earth surface deformations in the Kamchatka peninsula and their relation to geoacoustic emission

Abstract. The paper presents the results of investigations of deformation processes in the near-surface sedimentary rocks, which have been carried out in a seismically active region of the Kamchatka peninsula since 2007. The peculiarity of the experiments on registration of geodeformations is the application of a laser strainmeter–interferometer constructed according to the Michelson interferometer scheme. Besides rock deformations, geoacoustic emission in the frequency range from several hertz to the first tens of kilohertz is under investigation. Piezoceramic hydrophones installed in artificial water reservoirs are applied. It is shown that periods of primary rock compression and tension with a duration of up to several months are distinguished in the geodeformation process at the observation site. During the direction change in the deformations, when the geodeformation process rate grows, an increase in geoacoustic radiation is observed.
Maltese-European linkages for internationalisation, innovation and technology transfer 2 [innovation services]

This proposal addresses the growth-oriented business support services that will result in improved competitiveness and access to markets for EU enterprise.  These services are as stipulated by the H2020 Consultation call for EEN H2020 services recently issued by the European Commission and will be implemented throughout 2017-2018 by the Network's consortium in Malta, in full synergy and complementarity with the other work packages supported by the relevant and concurrent COSME call for Enterprise Europe Network services. The objective behind the MELIITA 2 proposal is to support the smart growth of the Maltese SMEs by increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of investments in research, development and innovation and to contribute to a better and more efficient connection of stakeholders and players along the innovation chain.  By combining the actions under this H2020 programme with the support being offered under COSME, the Network will be best positioned to offer both business and innovation support along the entire value chain.  Services are thus being provided to clients in the wider contest of, and in line with, the Europe 2020 strategy.  The MELIITA 2 proposal  namely aims to:
• Enhance innovation management capacity, thus rendering more efficient the full innovation process of Micro and SMEs, irrelevant of benefitting from the SME Instrument, and to help potentially good ideas effectively reach the market.
• Strengthen innovation capacity and to ensure Maltese beneficiaries of the SME Instrument receive the most appropriate support services based on identified weaknesses in their innovation capacities and so encourage the successful exploitation of their innovation project and to induce sustainable growth beyond the programme period, and most importantly,
• Create a more innovative, competitive business community.
Migration as development

How do processes of development and social transformation shape human migration? More specifically, how do  development process affect the geographical orientation, timing, composition and volume of both internal and international migration? The relation between development and human mobility is highly contested. While economic development in poor countries and areas is usually seen as the most effective way to reduce migration, other studies suggest that development actually increases migration. However, evidence has remained highly inconclusive so far because of theoretical and methodological limitations. 
 
This research develops new theoretical and empirical approaches to gain a fundamental understanding of the relation between development processes and human migration. While prior analyses focused on a limited number of economic and demographic ‘predictor’ variables, this project applies a broader concept of development to examine how internal and international migration trends and patterns are shaped by wider social, economic, technological and political transformations.
 
This will be achieved through (i) theory-building (reconceptualising migration as an intrinsic part of broader development processes) enabling the formulation of appropriate hypotheses; (ii) quantitative tests drawing on new, innovative databases on international and internal migration flow and stocks; and (iii) mixed method case-studies of six countries (provisionally Brazil, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Italy, Morocco and the Netherlands) representing different development-migration trajectories over the 19th and 20th centuries. 
 
This project is scientifically ground-breaking by fundamentally shifting our understanding of how long-term development and social transformation processes shape human migration. This is also relevant for policy by challenging popular understandings of migration as a development failure and to make more realistic assessments of how future global change may affect migration.
Informačný systém pre hodnotenie zamestnancov.

The undergraduate thesis deals with the development process of an information system from the first analysis of system requirements to the design and realisation and up to the final implementation. The first chapter addresses the explanation of basic terms. The second chapter addresses the analysis of the requirements for an information system and deals with a proposed web based application. For this reason, in the first phase of a new project an analytic team, in cooperation with representatives of the customer, deals with the primary determination, or in other words, with establishing the requirements that will form the subject matter of the task. The last third chapter addresses the actual practical realisation of the information system and also describes the implementation of the system.
Qualification of postgraduate programs in Dentistry on the perceived stress and QoL of faculty members and students

The objective of the present study was to compare the perceived stress and quality of life (QoL) between Brazilian graduate students and faculty members and to evaluate the influence of the CAPES qualification grade on these outcomes. Self-administered questionnaires were sent to faculty members and students of the CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) accredited institutions in Brazil. A total of 348 faculty members and 707 students answered the questionnaires, from all parts of the country. Students had fewer hours of sleep and presented lower scores (p&lt;0.05) in the four domains of the QoL (physical, psychological, social, and environment) when compared to faculty members, also higher PSS scores (p&lt;0.05). When the students were compared between them, students from CAPES grade, 3 programs presented the highest perceived PSS scores and CAPES grade 7 programs presented the lowest. For the QoL results CAPES grades 3 and 6 programs students reported the lower scores and grade 7 the highest. Faculty members working in CAPES grade 6 programs reported the highest PSS scores. As for the QoL results, faculty members of CAPES recognized grade 5 programs reported the lowest scores in three domains: Social, physical, and psychological, while grade 7 faculty members reported the highest in the four domains. This study showed that students had higher levels of PSS and lower QoL and there was a difference in these outcomes considering the CAPES qualification grade mainly among students.
Network for Technology, Innovation and Translation in Ageing.

European population is ageing rapidly.The number of people aged 65 and over is projected to increase from 14% in 2010 to 25% in 2050. Advances in science and technology contribute to prolong people lifespan, but unfortunately that does not mean they will be healthier. In its headline strategic document “EU2020 Strategy”, the EC has identified active and healthy ageing as a major societal challenge common to all European Countries. 
The TITTAN project (Network for Technology, Innovation and Translation in Ageing) aims to tackle that challenge, by improving the quality and performance of the European regional healthcare systems in relation with the healthy and active ageing. Its specific objective is to exchange, benchmark and implement good practices and measures in 7 European regions about policies which can foster the design, up-taking and use of innovative technology-based products/solutions.  The TITTAN learning approach is focused on 3 Thematic Areas (TAs): how to uptake innovative health products/services through new public procurement practices (PCP and PPI); how to promote the establishment of innovation ecosystems in the health sector; how to raise citizen´s awareness about using new technologies for improving quality of life.The project is promoted by a well-balanced partnership, which involves 7 European regions: Galicia (lead partner), Basque Country, Scotland, the Metropolitan Area of Amsterdam, Lombardy, Saxony and Lower Silesia. The strong ties among them - coming from the cooperation in previous projects and the active participation in the EIP-Active and Healthy Ageing – represents an added-value for the partnership. 
TITTAN will contribute to improve 7 regional policy instruments. all of them are linked to the EU Structural Funds. Thus,TITTAN will provide partner regions with the opportunity to orientate the spending process of the Structural Funds towards some of the most-effective and result-oriented policy practices for healthy and active ageing.
Resveratrol Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Pathological Scar Fibroblasts Through the Mechanism Involving TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathway

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of resveratrol (Res) treatment on pathological scar fibroblasts and the changes in TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. For this purpose, cultured pathological scar fibroblasts were treated with various concentrations of Res (10, 50, and, 100 µmol/l), and the morphological changes in target cells were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cellular proliferation was assessed by MTT assay; the mRNA and protein expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad-2,3,4,7 were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. We found that Res-treated fibroblasts exhibited the typical apoptotic morphological changes. As shown by MTT assay, the OD values of Res-treated fibroblasts, as a measure of cell growth, were significantly lower than those of controls (P < 0.05). In addition, as compared to controls, TGF-β1 and Smad-2,3,4 mRNA/protein expression decreased but those of Smad7 increased in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). It was, therefore, concluded that Res treatment inhibited the pathological scar fibroblast proliferation and induced cell apoptosis through the mechanism involving downregulation of TGF-β1, Smad-2,3,4, and upregulation of Smad7.
Staying at home - the interplay between behavioural synchronisation and physical distancing in prosocial behaviour

The COVID-19 outbreak is a public health and economic crisis, unprecedented in human history and as the epidemic progresses, it becomes obvious that human behaviour plays a crucial role in curbing the epidemic spread. In liberal democracies, governments largely rely on the population’s willingness to adhere to measures. Adherence to measures is framed as a prosocial act but the consequence - staying at home - isolates individuals from the collective and counteracts behavioural synchronization. This leads to competing effects on the levels of prosociality in a population. Understanding these dynamics is of great importance to evaluate the sustainability of measures but to date, there is no assessment of the influence on prosocial behaviour on the level of adherence to measures. To this end, I will numerically model prosociality in a population during a pandemic as a dynamical system. Here, prosociality is subject to a driving force (severity of pandemic), positive feedback through emotional synchronization (news, social media) and dampening (quarantine fatigue). To parameterize the model I will measure collective and individual levels of prosociality in a population using digital traces on social media platforms. By applying the LIWC method on, for example, a corpus collected from Twitter for different countries in the period before and during the pandemic, population levels of prosociality can be extracted. I will use the parameterized model to compare different liberal democracies and assess the combined impact of prosociality and non-pharmaceutical intervention measures on the prevention of the spread of COVID-19. To this end, I have established collaborations with eminent epidemiologists. Furthermore, I will implement a public monitor for prosociality (and other emotions such as anger) for European countries that will enable decision-makers to assess public sentiment in a timely and quantitative manner.
Resolving Event Noun Phrases to Their Verbal Mentions

Event Anaphora Resolution is an important task for cascaded event template extraction and other NLP study. Previous study only touched on event pronoun resolution. In this paper, we provide the first systematic study to resolve event noun phrases to their verbal mentions crossing long distances. Our study shows various lexical, syntactic and positional features are needed for event noun phrase resolution and most of them, such as morphology relation, synonym and etc, are different from those features used for conventional noun phrase resolution. Syntactic structural information in the parse tree modeled with tree kernel is combined with the above diverse flat features using a composite kernel, which shows more than 10% F-score improvement over the flat features baseline. In addition, we employed a twin-candidate based model to capture the pair-wise candidate preference knowledge, which further demonstrates a statistically significant improvement. All the above contributes to an encouraging performance of 61.36% F-score on OntoNotes corpus.
Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Lung Cancers

Embodiments of the invention include a system and method of using biomarkers in the diagnosis of lung cancer. A subject can be screened for lung cancer based on expression of specific mRNAs, miRNAs or the detection of a nucleic acid, protein, peptide or other biological molecule in blood, serum or plasma. Embodiments include 29 specific miRNAs for use as biomarkers to screen or distinguish healthy individuals from individuals affected with the disease, including a lung cancer, along with 81 additional nucleic acids, proteins or peptides for use as biomarkers to screen or distinguish healthy individuals from individuals affected with the disease, including a lung cancer. Levels of more than one of the mRNAs, miRNAs or proteins can be scored and compared to one or more threshold values to diagnose or determine the prognosis of lung cancer. Embodiments also include a kit for screening healthy subjects from subjects affected with the disease.
Green advanced technologies for the retrofitting of masonry structures

Unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings constitute more than 70% of the existing building stock worldwide and make up the vast majority of the world’s cultural and architectural heritage. Although masonry has proven to be a highly versatile and durable construction material, much of the existing building stock in Europe and developing countries are non-engineered URM buildings, often built with weak materials and following poor construction practices. As a result, the majority of the existing building stock is in dire need of structural rehabilitation and strengthening. Traditional strengthening and rehabilitation techniques include grout or epoxy injections, crack stitching, surface overlays with mesh-reinforced concrete, chicken-wire or reinforced plaster, reinforced concrete jacketing as well as external/internal post tensioning. However, all of these techniques can affect significantly the dynamic response characteristics of the structure and can be costly, labour-intensive and highly obtrusive. In recent years, the use of advanced composite materials in civil engineering applications has increased exponentially, and the various retrofitting solutions that have been developed based on the implementation of these materials have proven to be very effective. However, the high performance of these advanced materials would not be effectively exploited on the less demanding masonry structures and the high material and installation costs would render them prohibitive in most European and developing countries. The proposed project aims to develop a novel strengthening solution that uses natural fibre meshes embedded in an inorganic lime-mortar matrix. The new system will provide a more sustainable and cost‐effective alternative and will provide a more reliable solution that can be engineered to meet the specific performance criteria of masonry buildings.
Targeting rab27a with covalent inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer

Invasion and metastases remain to date the major causes of cancer mortality around the world. Rab27A is a small GTPase that regulates vesicles trafficking and is involved in many physiological processes, e.g. melanosome transport. Being a small GTPase, Rab27A acts as a molecular switch that cycles between an inactive state (GDP bound) and an active state (GTP bound), in which this protein is able to bind to specific effectors to trigger signalling cascades in cells. Current studies suggest a role for Rab27A in exosome-mediated pre-metastatic niche promotion. Hence, interfering with Rab27A PPIs could be effective in reducing and preventing the occurrence of metastasis in cancer. Small GTPases are renowned as challenging targets and have been long considered undruggable, but the unique presence of two non-conserved cysteines in Rab27A offers a perfect starting point for the development of selective covalent inhibitors. These residues are located in the proximity of a major interaction site with a known effector of Rab27A, Slp2, therefore encouraging for targeting PPIs. A screen of covalent fragments based on the recently developed quantitative Irreversible Tethering (qIT) assay has led to the discovery of novel hits with enhanced reactivity for Rab27A against glutathione. The current project aims to (i) obtain potent Rab27A covalent inhibitors by growing hit fragments, and (ii) demonstrate selective Rab27A target engagement in cells, and efficient disruption of the PPIs of Rab27A with its main effectors. Collaboration with the CRUK Beatson Institute will provide direct access to in vivo models to validate the contribution of Rab27A to metastatic development in cancer by use of such chemical probes, whilst state-of-the-art covalent fragment know-how will be accessed for compound optimisation at the Francis Crick Institute/GSK LinkLab, enabling prompt evaluation of the therapeutic potential of optimised lead compounds that will derive from my work.
The Left and “Life” in El Salvador

Throughout the past decade, governments across Latin America have experienced an unprecedented swing to the left. In this essay, I ask: Does the rise of the Left promote women's equality? Or in contrast, could women's continued subordination be an important factor promoting the rise of the Left? Using the case of El Salvador, I demonstrate how the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN) deradicalized its public image—away from “guerrilla insurgents” and toward a viable political party—at least in part by converting its 1980s support for reproductive rights into present-day support for one of the most restrictive abortion policies in the world. I conclude that reversing the causal question about gender and left-leaning political parties may not only extend our understanding of the complicated relationship between gender and the Left but also improve our understanding of the factors moving Latin America from right to left, and from “red” to “pink.”