SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Blocking the prion-like disease propagation in parkinson’s disease and related disorders – model development and identification of cell-autonomous and cell non-autonomous factors.

A prion-like behavior of α-synuclein (AS) protein has been hypothesized in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). According to this hypothesis, pathogenic forms “seeds” of AS propagate from periphery into the neurons of central nervous system (CNS), where they recruit endogenous AS in the first receiving neurons, exit the cell and enter connected neurons. The ongoing AS aggregation and cell-cell propagation is considered to induce oxidative stress, neuronal dysfunction and neuronal loss in CNS. Therefore, blocking the neuronal propagation of AS will prevent AS neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. I propose to develop and validate a novel in vivo model of prion-like AS propagation, in which I will selectively modify the genetic makeup of first receiving neurons, and use this model for mechanistic investigations. I will use a transgenic M83 mouse model overexpressing mutant A53T human AS in which prion-like spreading is initiated by injecting preformed AS aggregates into the hindlimb musculus femoris. These AS aggregates are taken up by sensory and/or motor nerve endings in the muscle, are retrogradely transported through the sciatic nerve into spinal cord, and rostrally into the brainstem and higher brain areas over time. I will refine this model by transducing the sciatic nerve endings with intramuscular delivery of rAAV viral vectors- containing novel CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools targeting genes of interest- to prevent in vivo prion-like AS spreading and/or toxicity. As proof of concept, I will silence AS in the receiving neurons to demonstrate this slows the disease development in the model. Once validated, I will use the model for hypothesis-driven mechanistic investigations of candidate genes, which initially include: 1) ubiquitin specific peptidase 19 (USP19)- since it has been implicated in cellular excretion of misfolded AS in vitro, and 2) eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K)- since it is abnormally activated in postmortem PD brain tissue.
How evaluation shapes ocean science. a multi-scale ethnography of fluid knowledge.

New forms of evaluation are reconfiguring science in ways we are only beginning to understand. Through the rich case of ocean science, this project addresses a key challenge in social-scientific research regarding how evaluations are implicated in scientific understandings of the world. Ocean science is increasingly multivalent. Not only is it expected to contribute to a more systemic understanding of the ocean as an ecosystem, it is also called on to analyze environmental effects of climate change, and help fight effects of intensified exploitation. At the same time, it operates in a highly research-focused and efficiency-oriented academic system whose norms partly work against societal relevance. The ambition of FluidKnowledge is to 1) investigate how research agendas are shaped in ocean scientific research; 2) analyze how the value of ocean science is enacted in European and national science policy contexts; 3) develop concepts on the basis of the outcomes of 1) and 2), to theoretically grasp how research evaluation shapes knowledge making. Ocean science provides a planet-critical research site in which to analyze how steering efforts toward interdisciplinary engagement and societal relevance relate to other norms and criteria of scientific quality (e.g. excellence) in actual practice. This project creates a new interface between longitudinal scientometric analysis and rich ethnographic studies. This paves the way for a new interdisciplinary field. A second contribution is conceptual. Whereas many evaluation experts treat the heterogeneity of practice as a problem, I engage such heterogeneity as a resource. The project will build theory that encourages a more comprehensive understanding of how evolving evaluation and knowledge production are mutually implicated. A third novelty is the focus on ocean science. Systematic analysis of its workings and policy implications is crucial for understanding a world in which trust in scientific knowledge is no longer obvious.
Service Industry Liberalization and Gender Wage Gap

From a gender perspective, this paper uses the 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) data to examine the impact of service sector liberalization on the gender wage gap. The empirical results show that: first, in terms of the overall gender wage, the opening of the service industry has a certain impact on gender wages. Specifically, the service industry exports widen the gender wage gap, but the effect of service industry imports on its impact is not clear. Foreign direct investment in services not only raises the overall gender wage, but also narrows the gender wage gap; second, for workers with different skills, high-skilled women suffer less from the trade in services than low-skilled women, can benefit more from foreign direct investment, and have a smaller gender wage gap in the high-skilled workforce. Therefore, based on the above, this paper puts forward that China should weigh the advantages and disadvantages according to the actual situation, strengthen the guidance and management of service trade and continue to increase investment, and give full play to the important role of foreign direct investment in the service industry in raising labor income and narrowing the gender wage gap. It also increases women's educational opportunities and reduce the gender wage gap.
The turbulent evolution of homosexuality: From mental illness to sexual preference

This article will present a brief overview of the history of homosexuality. First, homosexuality was seen as a sin and the emergence of psychiatry turned it into a mental illness. Two important theories of Krafft-Ebing and Freud will be discussed in relation to this medicalization of homosexuality. The article will then focus on the turbulent events leading to the removal of homosexuality from the DSM in 1973. The reasons and motives for this removal, as seen by a number of different psychologists, will be discussed, as will its impact. The elimination of homosexuality was seen as a victory, but did it change the general attitude towards gay men and women? In the final section of the paper, a possible similar evolution of acceptance of pedophilia will also be discussed.
PARTICIPANT CONTROLLED MUTUAL FUND

A participant controlled mutual fund is directed by participants who make the investing decisions through an intricate nominating and voting process over the Internet. Participants use devices (3) and through network (4) access the fund system (2) in order to vote on which investment tool the fund or security that the mutual fund should acquire and which of the mutual fund's holdings should be sold. The system (2) then generates a market order by contacting financial advisers (5) in order to complete the purchase or sale in agreement with applicable laws. The voting process is flexible in that it adjusts to the changing positions in the financial markets thereby allowing the mutual fund to quickly take advantage of good opportunities while preventing hast decisions in volatile markets.
Ice core dating tools revisited to infer the dynamic of glacial – interglacial transitions over the last 1.5 million years

The Quaternary period (last 2600 thousands of years, hereafter ka) is the ideal period to evaluate our understanding of climate processes with general circulation models (GCM) used for prediction of future climate. During this period, the largest climate changes are glacial – interglacial transitions, hereafter terminations, the last termination being a classical benchmark for GCM. The rhythm of terminations changed from a world associated with a 40 ka periodicity to a world associated with a 100 ka glacial – interglacial periodicity between 1250 and 700 ka. The cause for this transition is a long debated question highlighting that the causes and mechanisms of terminations are still poorly understood. The timing and amplitudes of terminations indeed result from multiple influences of insolation forcing, ice sheet size, atmospheric greenhouse gases (GHG) concentration as well as shorter (millennial) scale climate variability. The big challenge of ICORDA consists in solving major puzzles on the mechanisms of terminations by deciphering these different influences using two key Antarctic ice core records: EPICA Dome C covering the last 800 ka and an ice core to be drilled in the coming years and covering the last 1500 ka. While ice cores provide unique continuous and high resolution climatic and GHG records, they are still too poorly dated on long timescales to address the aforementioned challenge. ICORDA aims at rethinking the way ice core chronology is built for decreasing drastically the associated uncertainties. This will be done by (1) developing a mechanistic approach for the interpretation of isotopic tracers used for ice core dating and (2) combining numerous low to mid latitude ice core tracers to provide a global picture of climate change during terminations. The strategy involves interdisciplinarity between climate, geochemistry, ecophysiology and innovative instrumental developments as well as field, laboratory experiments and modeling.
Asymptotic confidence ellipses of parameters for the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution

The purpose of this study is to find the suitable covariance matrix for the construction of confidence regions of parameters in the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution and we need to calculate confidence ellipses and compare the coverage probabilities for asymptotic confidence ellipses of parameters in the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution. Monte Carlo simulation is used to compare the coverage probabilities of the asymptotic confidence ellipses. The result showed that the asymptotic confidence ellipses can work very well when the  values increase more than 2.0 and the sample sizes (n) increase. In the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution, we can use method of moment estimators instead of maximum likelihood estimators for confidence ellipses because of high efficiency of coverage probabilities
Production process and environmental planning manager in rural contexts 

This project aims at training young graduate students in agricultural sciences, environmental sciences, chemical engineering, naturalistic biology, physics, who are able to work in the new context defined by the reform of the CAP (Community Agricultural Policy), in a competitive scenario that is opening more and more to world markets and also with reference to the recent enlargement of the EU. The trainees, coming from cross-border areas, take part in classroom activities and company internships, seminars, workshops and study visits, thus acquiring the stock of technical and project design knowledge required by the companies in the two Countries, so as to face the various local economic, agricultural and environmental variables that can lead to success in the new competitive scenario, in the light of the transnational and cross-border development and cooperation policies of the EU. The expert in this field is a professional who knows how to operate in the cross-border project-making context, engaging in topographical and territorial surveying using IT tools (CAD, GIS); who develops the main aspects of agricultural legislation (CAP reform, definition of farming entrepreneur); who is familiar with the basic elements of territorial management and planning and who possesses the necessary notions in economics, in economic assessment procedures, fiscal accounting, agricultural policy and aid, as well as in community funding allocated under EU Structural Funds. The acquisition of said knowledge allows the participants to provide consulting to the production companies and also to cooperate with public administrations in several areas of activity, such as planning, territorial surveying, the control of compliance with environmental legislation as well as quality, safety, and public health.
Anti-inflammatory effect ofSpiranthera odoratissimaA. St.-Hil. leaves involves reduction of TNF-α

Spiranthera odoratissima A. St.-Hil., 'manacá', is a medicinal species used in Brazil, especially in central region, for the treatment of several diseases such as pain and inflammation. In this study, the methanol/aqueous phase of the ethanol extract of the leaves of 'manacá' (MAP), at the doses of 50, 150 and 500 mg/kg was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and/or antinociceptive effects and the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of MAP were assessed using formalin test, carrageenan-induced paw oedema. The myeloperoxidase activity, capillary permeability, leukocyte migration and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were evaluated in pleural exudate. The MAP reduced the licking time only in the later phase of formalin test, and showed anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the paw oedema, migration cell, myeloperoxidase activity, capillary permeability and TNF-α levels. In conclusion, we confirmed the inflammatory activity of MAP and affirm that this effect involves the reduction of TNF-α level.
System and method for forming a non-ablative cardiac conduction block

A system forms a cardiac conduction block at a location in a heart of a patient without substantially ablating cardiac tissue. The system includes a delivery system coupled to a source of material that is substantially non-ablative with respect to cardiac tissue. The delivery system delivers the material to the location, and the material at the location forms a conduction block without ablating the cardiac cells there. The material may include living cells, such as for example skeletal myocytes, and/or may include a non-living matter such as biopolymers such as a fibrin glue agent, or collagen agents. An expandable member with needle assembly is used to deliver the material so as to form a non-ablative circumferential conduction block at a location where a pulmonary vein extends from an atrium.
Biotechnological strategies for engineering plants with durable resistance to fungal and bacterial pathogens

Publisher Summary Fungal and bacterial pathogens are a major threat to the yield of crop plants worldwide. Therefore, an important goal in plant science is the production of plants with broad-spectrum and durable resistance to microbial diseases. Potential strategies to reach this goal include classical or marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering. This chapter reviews critical issues that should be considered in the design of transgenic technologies for durable and broad-spectrum resistance. Custom-made combinations of promoters and transgenes may be designed and tested for disease control. The focus of this discussion is on the choice of target genes to be expressed, on the number of genes to be employed, and on the control of their expression. Type and number of transgene(s), and the native or synthetic promoter(s) to be employed should be carefully selected according to the desired spectrum of disease resistance (narrow or broad), the nature (bacteria, fungi, or both), lifestyle (biotrophic or necrotrophic) and virulence strategies of the pathogens(s), and the genetic and physiological characteristics of the engineered crop. The efficient plant immune system relies both on preformed structural and chemical barriers, and on inducible defense responses that are activated by complex mechanisms of molecular recognition and cellular signal transduction.
SYNTHESIS OF INOSITOLPHOSPHATE GLYCAN MOLECULES: TREATMENT OF CELL PROLIFERATION DISORDERS AND METABOLIC DISORDERS CHARACTERIZED BY INSULIN RESISTANCE

The invention concerns a compound of formula A wherein: R1 is selected from the group consisting of OH, an oligosaccharide, a polysaccharide, and R2=R3=OH; or at least one of the groups R1, R2, R3 is a group capable of modifying the lipophilicity of the compound A, the other or the other two of the three groups being OH; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of OH, NH2 and a group capable of modifying the lipophilicity of the compound A; and R6 is H or CH2OH; and X is selected among O, NH, S, CH2; and R5 is selected among OH, an oligosaccharide, a polysaccharide and a group capable of modifying the bioavailability of the compound A, and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Household Formation, Female Labor Supply, and Savings

In this paper, we aim to quantify the impact of changing family structures on labor supply and savings in Western societies. Our dynamic general equilibrium model features both genders, and it takes into account changes in marital status as a stochastic process. The numerical results indicate that changes in household formation can partly explain the reallocation of male and female labor supply observed during the last decades in Germany. We also find a negative impact on capital accumulation, and we show that a combination of higher marital risk and a narrowing gender wage gap can explain the changes in hours ratios between single and married men and women.
From Learners to Entrepreneurs: A Study on the Inclination of University Students Towards Entrepreneurship as a Career Option and the Role of Education

This study investigates the inclination of students of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan pursuing their graduation in entrepreneurship studies towards entrepreneurship. Specifically, the paper aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and university student's inclination towards entrepreneurship. This study also examines the moderating effects of demographic characteristics and family business background on budding entrepreneurs undergoing entrepreneurship education. A self administered questionnaire was used in this study to collect data on the sampling population. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, multiple regression, one-way ANOVA, and independent sample t-test were used to test the hypothesized propositions. The results showed that the role of the university in promoting entrepreneurship had a statistically significant relationship with student's inclination towards entrepreneurship.
PacketC Language and Parallel Processing of Masked Databases

Network packet processing’s increasing speeds and volume create an incentive to use parallel processing. Such processing often involves comparing selected packet data to the contents of large tables (e.g., for routing packets or controlling system access). Thus, commercial systems often use multiple network processors [1] to provide parallel processing in general and use associative memory chips to provide parallel table operations in particular. Parallel network programming is usually done in a C dialect with machine-specific extensions. The associative memory capabilities are often provided by ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) chips in order to supply the fast, masking-based searches needed in this domain. TCAM use is normally controlled by vendor software, rather than by the application developer. Thus, an application is typically restricted to a small number of predefined templates and mediated by vendor system software. Thus, application developers cannot use high-level languages to express network table operations in an intuitive, portable way, nor exploit parallel devices like TCAMs in a flexible manner. This paper presents CloudShield's packetC® language [2], a C dialect that hides most host-machine specifics, supports coarse-grain parallelism and supplies high-level data type and operator extensions for packet processing. We describe packetC’s database and record constructs that support network application table operations, including masked matching. We show how our implementation of packetC with network processors, FPGAs and TCAMs lets the user enjoy parallel performance benefits without the usual vendor constraints or reliance on hardware-specific programming.
Entrepreneurial Diversity

Entrepreneurial activities have quite an enormous impact for the economic performance of regions and the renewal of regional knowledge. Fostering entrepreneurship with (semi) public funding contributes to a more prosperous regional economy and can reduce the unemployment rate significantly. The experiences of the project partners as well as acknowledged studies show that entrepreneurial initiatives are successful if different types of services are provided for latent nascent entrepreneurs, nascent entrepreneurs and young entrepreneurs: Assessment, Training, Ongoing Consultation, Facilities and Networks.

Common business services providers mostly don’t consider these facts due to a limited philosophy: They are providing their services according to a sector, size of business, or a specific target group. This philosophy is insufficient. The only way of overcoming these gaps, coping with the challenges and taking the increasing
unemployment rate as a chance to boost Entrepreneurship on regional and local level is to shift from a fragmented support system to a holistic approach. Therefore, a well-developed related network of involved government agencies, regional economic development providers, labour offices, chambers, universities, associations, media and banks is necessary. Those regional networks are providing support to all potential and young entrepreneurs to overcome the initial hurdles of launching their businesses. A well developed network operates much like a public transit system. There are various bus and tramway stops where one can set forth or switch over to another line and a schedule, the business start-up roadmap. The network should also be based on the entrepreneurial diversity approach. Focusing on financial and market economics aspect considering by personal assessment, information and orientation and training seminars targeted to identify their potential and needs.
Active networks of public and private institutions as well as target group orientated consultation and qualification approaches are already implemented in some ENTREDI partner regions. All these activities and approaches and good practices should be gathered in a pool, where all regions can find methods, tools or some examples, waiting to be installed or to be improved due to their regional requirements the entrepreneurial spirit and basic conditions. After the successful formal conclusion of the ENTREDI project other European regions can benefit from the pool of experiences, methods and tools. 7 regional action plans on devolopment/improvement of enterpreneurship support will be signed by the respective of ROP managing authorities. The mainstreaming guideline will support the transfer and the sustainability of the integrative support programme of  ENTREDI and the level of awareness of ROP managing activities policy about ENTREDI will be 50%.