SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Fair Trade and justice: a comment on Walton and Deneulin

In this article we first point out that the different conceptualisations of Fair Trade, which are sometimes analytically contradictory, actually form a coordinated set. Understanding the Fair Trade project is impossible without taking these interlinked conceptualisations into consideration. Second, this set basically forms a mechanism of structural, institutional and moral reforms that guide actions. In this way Fair Trade sets out to produce less injustice than is usually the case with the structures and institutions that govern conventional trade. Nevertheless, it does not try to define what a just society is or even to perfectly define ‘fair trade’. This implies the adoption of a comparative justice angle. It is precisely by linking comparative individual situations with the structures that produce these situations that relative justice can find its strength and purpose.
Self-Assembled plasmonic aggregates for raman sensing and catalysis in liquid environments

The self-assembly of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into nanostructures is a high impact area of research since these new and complex materials exhibit unusual optical properties, which lend themselves to applications such as plasmon-enhanced solar light harvesting and photocatalysis, ultrasensitive sensors, optical circuitry and metamaterials. The remarkable optical properties are dependent on NP size and shape, but are mostly governed by the spacing between NPs. Due to the difficulty of accurate control of inter-particle spacing, such applications have not yet benefitted from nanostructure incorporation. The current research proposal aims to use the unique macrocyclic host-guest chemistry of cucurbiturils in combination with metal NPs to demonstrate a novel approach to NP assembly, resulting in structures that subsequently will be used as new constructs for (1) fundamental and applied Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) measurements, (2) catalysed chemical reactions and (3) advanced molecular sensing. Specifically, we will: Develop rattle-type structures to perform fundamental SERS measurements by controlling the position of the confined NPs; Perform SERS in bulk liquid environments for advanced chemical sensing by developing a system of NP dimers; Use recoverable nano-constructs for catalytic reactions in liquid environments; and Develop temperature-stable SERS substrates by means of hot-electron induced reduction of gold salt. To this end, Dr. Marlous Kamp, the applicant, will work within the host group (Cambridge Chemistry) led by Prof. O.A. Scherman, whilst also working closely with the nanophotonics group led by Prof. J.J. Baumberg (Cambridge Physics). Dr. Kamp has extensive knowledge and skills in NP synthesis and assembly; in conjunction with the expertise on complexation chemistry and plasmonics in these respective groups, the applicant will be able to reach the aforementioned goals, further mature as a scientist and transfer knowledge to the host group.
Sampling strategies for proper quantification of carotenoid content in cassava breeding

Rapid-cycling recurrent selection has been implemented to produce cassava varieties that deliver provitamin A carotenoids to human populations that are affected by vitamin A deficiency. Rapid-cycling 

	selection relies on quantification in just one plant per genotype. This study was conducted to assess the 

	reliability of single-plant evaluations and the effect of age of the plant on carotenoid content in cassava 

	roots. Variation in aliquot quantifications from the same root was negligible indicating a reliable 

	experimental procedure. A large source of variation for carotenoids was due to differences among 

	genotypes. Root-to-root variation from the same plant in some cases was surprisingly high and 

	accounted for an average of 25% of the total variation. Plant-to-plant variation was not as high and 

	accounted for 20% of the total variance. Carotenoid content was shown to vary depending on the age of 

	the plant. Single-plant evaluations for carotenoid content in cassava, which is a requirement for rapidcycling recurrent selection is acceptable considering that it reduces in half the time required for 

	evaluation and selection. However, it is suggested that 2 to 3 roots per plant be combined together in a 

	sample to represent each genotype at a standard plant age.  

	 

	Key words: Plant age, environmental influence, rapid cycling, genetic gains, -carotene, repeatability
Sostegno al cosiddetto capitale circolante per TOXIC JEANS NATALIA Gurin-KLUPŚ — Sostegno al capitale circolante per micro e piccole imprese nel Voivodato di Łódź

Il progetto riguarda il sostegno al capitale circolante di una società in caso di diminuzione del fatturato (entrate derivanti dalle vendite) causata dagli effetti negativi dell'epidemia di COVID-19.
Save, Enhance, Admire Marine Versatile Life

The SEA MARVEL project aims to raise awareness of the risks of the marine ecosystem and mitigate the effects of plastic pollution, exploitation of marine resources, invasion of alien species and the effects of climate change in order to maintain and reactivate the marine ecosystem and Natura 2000 protected sites. The assessment of biodiversity in the Italian-Maltese Sea is crucial to better understand the impact of climate and environmental change in the Mediterranean. Field work will be carried out that will evaluate the presence and distribution of vulnerable indicator species, alien species and plastic waste at the selected Natura 2000 sites (AMP Cyclops Islands, AMP Pelagie Islands, AMP Capo Milazzo and RNO Foce Simeto in Sicily - Ghar Lapsi and Filfla Area and the area around the island of Gozo in Malta). The project's interventions will give the opportunity to develop direct experiences, in the form of competitions between the new generations, participatory actions for coastal communities for the development of sustainable management plans, and the launch of the "Sea Sentinels” service: monitoring with sailors, applying Citizen Science. The managers of Natura 2000 sites, environmental NGOs, professional artisanal anglers, municipalities, ministries of the environment and education will be supported, to improve their impact on Natura 2000 sites, reducing the loss of biodiversity with innovative equipment and devices, spreading knowledge and awareness among visitors and the neighbouring population. SEA MARVEL aims to help halt the loss of marine biodiversity in the cross-border area by improving the effectiveness of Natura 2000 sites, the awareness and knowledge of stakeholders about the precious and versatile marine life that needs conservation through participation in more responsible behaviour and the mitigation of serious impacts from plastic and alien species.
The brain health toolbox: facilitating personalized decision-making for effective dementia prevention

Preventing dementia and Alzheimer disease (AD) is a global priority. Previous single-intervention failures stress the critical need for a new multimodal preventive approach in these complex multifactorial conditions. The Brain Health Toolbox is designed to create a seamless continuum from accurate dementia prediction to effective prevention by i) developing the missing disease models and prediction tools for multimodal prevention; ii) testing them in actual multimodal prevention trials; and iii) bridging the gap between non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches by designing a combined multimodal prevention trial based on a new European adaptive trial platform. Disease models and prediction tools will be multi-dimensional, i.e. a broad range of risk factors and biomarker types, including novel markers. An innovative machine learning method will be used for pattern identification and risk profiling to highlight most important contributors to an individual’s overall risk level. This is crucial for early identification of individuals with high dementia risk and/or high likelihood of specific brain pathologies, quantifying an individual’s prevention potential, and longitudinal risk and disease monitoring, also beyond trial duration. Three Toolbox test scenarios are considered: use for selecting target populations, assessing heterogeneity of intervention effects, and use as trial outcome. The project is based on a unique set-up aligning several new multimodal lifestyle trials aiming to adapt and test non-pharmacological interventions to different geographic, economic and cultural settings, with two reference libraries (observational - large datasets; and interventional - four recently completed pioneering multimodal lifestyle prevention trials). The Brain Health Toolbox covers the entire continuum from general populations to patients with preclinical/prodromal disease stages, and will provide tools for personalized decision-making for dementia prevention.
Recycling carbon dioxide in the cement industry to produce added-value additives: a step towards a co2 circular economy

CO2 from the flue gases of a rotary kiln in a cement industry (CO2: 25 vol%) will be used for the production of value-added chemicals (acid additives for cement formulations) and materials (CaCO3 nanoparticles to be used as concrete fillers). A circular-economy-approach is enabled: the CO2 produced by cement manufacturing is re-used in a significant part within the plant itself to produce better cement-related products entailing less energy intensity and related CO2 emissions by a quadratic effect.
Ionic liquids (bare or amine-functionalised) will be the key technological playground for the efficient and cost-effective (<30 €/ton) purification of CO2 to a purity grade sufficient for the above mentioned utilisation paths. A dedicated pilot plant (flue gas flow rate: 50 Nm3/h) will be developed, based on the knowledge-based selection of the best ionic-liquids composition and operating conditions.
Within a final TRL 6 integrated system demo campaign, the thereby derived CO2 will be utilised in parallel to: 
-) promote the precipitation of nano-CaCO3 powders which act as strength enhancer and accelerator of the hydration rate.
-) synthesize through electrocatalytic and catalytic pathways formic acid, oxalic acid and glycine to be used as hardening acceleration promoters, grinding aids or ionic liquids additives, respectively. 
Distinctive features of the RECODE approach are the high process intensification and scale-up-ability; the use of low-grade heat sources; the meaningful reduction of CO2 emissions (>20% accounting for direct and indirect means) and the good market potential of their products at a mass production scale.
The first two years of the project will be focused on the development of key functional materials and process units at TRL 4-5, the third year on the assembly of single-process lines certified at TRL 5-6, and the fourth year on the assembly and testing at a cement manufacturing site (TITAN) of the TRL 6 integrated CO2 process.
Music Career Opportunities and Career Compatibility: Interviews with University Music Faculty Members and Professional Musicians

This study used a semistructured interview schedule to identify the music career opportunities available to students who graduate with an undergraduate music degree, and the skills, interests, work values, and personal characteristics that may determine a person's suitability for these music careers. Six university faculty members from each of the 11 NASM-accredited undergraduate music degree fields participated in the study (n = 66). Fourteen professional musicians who were recommended by these faculty members also participated in the study. Concerning the musical and non-musical skills that may determine a person's suitability for a music career, participants consistently noted the importance of performance skills in their respective fields. Participants also consistently cited people skills, and noted that most musicians interact with people on a daily basis, and use people skills to build social networks that may lead to employment. When asked about the interests that may lead someone to a music career, participants commonly cited the importance of good high school ensemble experiences in students' music career decisions. Concerning the rewarding aspects of music careers, many participants noted that they were more rewarded by the ability to support themselves doing what they loved, than by fame or wealth. Concerning the personal characteristics that may determine music career compatibility, participants noted that tenacity is essential to contend with intense competition, extended periods of unemployment, and other common struggles of professional musicians. When asked about music career opportunities in their respective fields, participants reported numerous music careers, some of which were excluded from previous music career inventories. In addition, participants noted that there may be careers for non-musicians in some music career fields. Participants also noted that some music careers may be listed in more than one music career field, creating potential confusion for music career advisors. Finally, participants noted transitions in many music careers that may change the professional expectations of these careers.
An effective reliability-driven technique of allocating tasks on heterogeneous cluster systems

In large-scale heterogeneous cluster computing systems, processor and network failures are inevitable and can have an adverse effect on applications executing on such systems. One way of taking failures into account is to employ a reliable scheduling algorithm. However, most existing scheduling algorithms for precedence constrained tasks in heterogeneous systems only consider scheduling length, and not efficiently satisfy the reliability requirements of task. In recognition of this problem, we build an application reliability analysis model based on Weibull distribution, which can dynamically measure the reliability of task executing on heterogeneous cluster with arbitrary networks architectures. Then, we propose a reliability-driven earliest finish time with duplication scheduling algorithm (REFTD) which incorporates task reliability overhead into scheduling. Furthermore, to improve system reliability, it duplicates task as if task hazard rate is more than threshold $$\theta $$ ? . The comparison study, based on both randomly generated graphs and the graphs of some real applications, shows that our scheduling algorithm can shorten schedule length and improve system reliability significantly.
The Anger Games: Who Voted for Donald Trump in the 2016 Election, and Why?

Recently released data from the 2016 American National Election Study allow us to offer a multifaceted profile of white voters who voted for Donald J. Trump in the 2016 presidential election. We find that Trump’s supporters voted for him mainly because they share his prejudices, not because they’re financially stressed. It’s true, as exit polls showed, that voters without four-year college degrees were likelier than average to support Trump. But millions of these voters—who are often stereotyped as “the white working class”—opposed Trump because they oppose his prejudices. These prejudices, meanwhile, have a definite structure, which we argue should be called authoritarian: negatively, they target minorities and women; and positively, they favor domineering and intolerant leaders who are uninhibited about their biases. Multivariate logistic regression shows that, once we take these biases into account, demographic factors (age, education, etc.) lose their explanatory power. The electorate, in short, is deeply divided. Nearly 75% of Trump supporters count themselves among his enthusiastic supporters, and even “mild” Trump voters are much closer in their attitudes to Trump’s enthusiasts than they are to non-Trump voters. Polarization is profound, and may be growing.
Hidrofer — Producción ecosostenible de hisopos de algodón

A través de esta inversión, Hidrofer invierte en la producción de bastones y envases de papel, continuando la estrategia de innovación continua de productos y procesos, fortaleciendo el posicionamiento en su cadena de valor y aprovechando la competitividad para los mercados internacionales.
Reducing IT costs and ensuring safe operation with application of the portfolio management

Large companies need to give focus on their cost components related to their information technology. Business growths is supported by their IT and hundreds or thousands of applications worldwide. Top level management needs to focus more on their information strategy and the applications they need to manage. A structured and transparent application landscape supports not only the current business but it also enables faster business growth for the future as well. Structuring and organizing the applications related to the various risks supports secure business and information operations within a company. Capturing the applications gives the companies an overview of their information costs and provides the possibility of measurement and control of their IT costs elements. Application portfolio management and information security management are important elements of the corporate strategies.
European futures for energy efficiency

The EUFORIE project studies energy efficiency at macro level (EU as a whole and comprison to China), national level (EU-28 Member States), sectoral/company level (selected energy-intensive sectors and companies) and household level, taking into account the perspectives of energy production and consumption. The project uses also participatory foresight workshops to provide new information for energy policy preparation in selected EU Member States.
 

The project has nine Work Packages, the Research/Innovation WPs focus on (1) macro-level analysis on energy efficiency (EU as a Whole and EU-28 Member States; WP2), (2) regional and sectoral case studies on energy efficiency (WP3), and (3) energy efficiency metabolism in socio-economic systems (WP4) by using innovative analysis tools developed by the EUFORIE consortium beneficiaries in previous projects financed by the EuropeanCommisson. Moreover, the project analyses energy efficiency from the consumer perspective (WP5) and energy efficiency development in selected energy-intensive companies by using the previously developed analysis tools (WP6). Last but not least, the project implements a participatory foresight process for energy efficiency stakeholders in selected countries (WP7) and a comparison of energy efficiency in the EU and China (WP8).
ANTIBODIES TO POLYPHOSPHATE DECREASE FIBROSIS

Polyphosphate activates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation that also induces inflammation. Hypercoagulable and hyperinflammatory challenge are mediators contributing to endothelial dysfunction, organ failure and death, which occur in many pathological conditions. Upon platelet activation, Polyphosphate is released into the microenvironment, where it has been shown to promote coagulation and act as a proinflammatory molecule. The inventors have found that platelet- sized polyphosphate promotes migration of fibroblasts, and also induces smooth muscle actin expression and the formation of stress fibers in fibroblasts, both of which are hallmarks of myofibroblast differentiation. Myofibroblasts play roles in driving both wound healing and fibrosis. This work suggests that polyphosphate not only promotes early wound healing through enhancing fibrin clot formation, but also may play a role in the later stages of wound healing and potentially the progression of fibrotic diseases by recruiting and inducing the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. As such, polyphosphates can be targeted by inhibitors for the treatment of aberrant/pathologic fibrosis, such as anti-polyphosphate antibodies and polyphosphatase enzymes, as well as used as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response indicators to provide guidance for treatment plans.
Personal and ethnic identity in Swedish adolescents and emerging adults

The chapter describes empirical evidence about identity development in Swedish adolescents and emerging adults and highlights cultural and contextual influences that may be specific to coming of age in Sweden. Broad trends in identity options are evident in the lives of many youth living in Sweden. Although research on identity and diversity is in its infancy in Sweden, due at least in part to its tradition of longitudinal research, its contribution to understanding advances in adolescent-parent and peer relations, and its contributions to developmental interactionist metatheories of human development, the country has the potential to forge a new generation of identity research that takes into account the ongoing process of person-environment interactions.
Trade liberalization and export transformation in new EU member states

Abstract Prior to 1990s Baltic and Central European new member states of the European Union (NMS) have mainly exported to markets of other centrally planned economies. The exception from this were Croatia and Slovenia whose more liberal institutional setting and existence of economic relationships with market economies resulted in sizeable portion of exports being directed to Western European markets. The aim of this paper is to explore the effects of trade liberalization with European Union on changes in the structure and quality of exports from NMS in the period 1990–2015. Results obtained using synthetic control method (SCM) signal that the timing of trade liberalization with the European Union shaped the evolution of export performance, structure and quality of exports from NMS. The most advanced NMS managed to reap full benefits of preferential access to EU markets. The effects on countries that later embarked on this process, Slovenia and in particular Croatia have been several times smaller. Trade liberalization increased quality of exports and the share of high technology intensive industries in its structure across all NMS. Robustness of findings is confirmed through sensitivity analysis.
Structural Post-Fire Behaviour of the Steel I-Shape Beams-to-Cylindrical Columns

Previous researchers have tried to predict the response of different types of structures under elevated temperatures. The results are important in preventing the collapse of buildings in fire. Post-fire status of the structures is also of interest for ensuring the safety of rescue workers during the fire and in the post-fire situations. Determining the extent of the structural damage left behind a fire event is necessary to draw up adequate repair plans. Connections play an important role on the fire performance of different structures. Due to the high cost of fire tests, adequate experimental data about a broad range of connections is not available. A vulnerable type of such connections to fire is the weld connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns in oil platform topsides. Considering the high probability of fire in oil platforms, study of the behaviour of these connections at elevated temperatures and in the post-fire, is of great importance. In the current study, eight small scale experimental fire tests on welded connections between I-shape beams and cylindrical columns have been conducted. Four tests are aimed at investigating the structural performance of this connection at elevated temperature. In other tests, post-fire behaviour of these connections has been studied to investigate their residual structural strength.