SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Hydrant design

A hydrant valve assembly including a spool member having at least one spool seal which is at times under extremely high pressure tending to cause the seal to be displaced from an associated recess, the spool member forming venting passages in the seal recess to alleviate seal pressure, the invention also including a new wet pipe design and a new collar design.
Aglaris: the first fully-automated bioreactor for large scale human stem cell production through an iterative process.

In order to meet the expanding market for human stem cells (HSCs) in cell therapy, automated, cost-effective, large-scale manufacturing processes are required. AGLARIS Project is centered in the market launch of the patented AGLARIS BIOREACTOR for large-scale HSCs production, which perfectly meets the requirements for cell-based therapeutic products. Current bioreactors for HSCs producers consist in attempts to adapt bioreactors derived from traditional bioprocesses, but its use has not been widespread as they are not optimized for HSCs production. The automation level of bioreactors is limited to an initial quantity of 20M cells. As the cell sample from biopsies contains 0.5-1M cells, a previous manual cultivation is always required to reach the minimum quantity. This step affects cell quality. AGLARIS operates with the quantity of cells coming directly from biopsy, completely eliminating the manual pre-cultivation requirement. Moreover, current Bioreactors are limited to 300M cells per cell batch. The common are based on hollow-fibers as the substrate in which cells are anchored for growing. Once they reach its maximum capacity, cells need to be detached by using chemical and enzymatic reagents. AGLARIS operates in an iterative manner reaching 5000M cells without dividing the cultivation process in several batches. It is based on microcarriers which allows cell detachment by a simply small variation of temperature, avoiding adverse side effects. Additionally, for a complete disease management, the production of 600M cells on average is required. When produced manually, the cultivation of 600M cells can reach 9.347€, and by using hollow-fiber Bioreactors 15.643€. AGLARIS optimized culture process produces cell yields with the correct quality while using minimal amounts of expensive reagents, allowing the price to decrease to 1.015€ per 600 M of cells, meaning that costs will be reduced by up to 91% on average.
MAGNETIC SUBSTRUCTURE IN THE NORTHERN FERMI BUBBLE REVEALED BY POLARIZED MICROWAVE EMISSION

We report a correspondence between giant, polarized microwave structures emerging north from the Galactic plane near the Galactic center and a number of GeV gamma-ray features, including the eastern edge of the recently-discovered northern Fermi Bubble. The polarized microwave features also correspond to structures seen in the all-sky 408 MHz total intensity data, including the Galactic center spur. The magnetic field structure revealed by the polarization data at 23 GHz suggests that neither the emission coincident with the Bubble edge nor the Galactic center spur are likely to be features of the local ISM. On the basis of the observed morphological correspondences, similar inferred spectra, and the similar energetics of all sources, we suggest a direct connection between the Galactic center spur and the northern Fermi Bubble.
Accurate equations of state for CF 4 , CF 4 –Ar, and CF 4 –CH 4 fluids using two-body and three-body intermolecular potentials from molecular dynamics simulation

Abstract Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to obtain pressures and equations of state of CF 4 , CF 4 –Ar, and CF 4 –CH 4 fluids using different inversion and ab initio pair-potentials. To take many-body forces into account, the three-body potentials of Hauschild and Prausnitz, Mol. Simul. 11 (1993) 177–185, Wang and Sadus, J. Chem. Phys. 125 (2006) 144509–144513, and Guzman et al., Mol. Phys. 109 (2011) 955–967 have been used with the pair-potentials. The significance of this work is that the many-body potential of Hauschild and Prausnitz is extended as a function of density, temperature, and molar fraction and is used with the HFD-like pair-potentials of CF 4 , CF 4 –Ar, and CF 4 –CH 4 systems to improve the prediction of the pressure values without requiring an expensive three-body calculation. We have also simulated the self-diffusion coefficient of CF 4 in good agreement with experimental data.
A Shot at Visual Vulnerability Analysis

Increasing the safety of vehicles is an important goal for vehicle manufacturers. These manufacturers often turn to simulations to understand how to improve a vehicle's design as real-world safety tests are expensive and time consuming. Understanding the results of these simulations, however, is challenging due to the complexity of the data, which often includes both spatial and nonspatial data types. In this design study we collaborated with analysts who are trying to understand the vulnerability of military vehicles. From this design study we contribute a problem characterization, data abstraction, and task analysis for vehicle vulnerability analysis, as well as a validated and deployed tool called Shotviewer. Shotviewer links 3D spatial views with abstract 2D views to support a broad range of analysis needs. Furthermore, reflection on our design study process elucidates a strategy of view-design parallelism for creating multiview visualizations, as well as four recommendations for conducting design studies in large organizations with sensitive data.
Formation, composition, structure, and catalytic activity in CO oxidation of SiO 2 + TiO 2 /Ti composite before and after modification by MnO x or CoO x

Abstract The composition and structure of SiO 2  + TiO 2 oxide layers formed on titanium by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and MO x (M = Co or Mn) + SiO 2  + TiO 2 /Ti composites fabricated on their basis using impregnation and annealing methods have been investigated. It has been demonstrated that silicon and titanium are rather homogeneously distributed within the SiO 2  + TiO 2 coating bulk. In the galvanostatic process mode, the titanium/silicon ratio in the coating bulk can be controlled by the current density value. The coating outer part is silicon-enriched and titanium-depleted. The MnO x  + SiO 2  + TiO 2 /Ti composites catalyze the CO oxidation into CO 2 at temperatures above 100 °C, whereas the CoO x  + SiO 2  + TiO 2 /Ti composites do the same above 200 °C. Nanosized particles have been found on the surface of the composites under study: for CoO x  + SiO 2  + TiO 2 /Ti — granules of a diameter of a few dozen nm; for MnO x  + SiO 2  + TiO 2 /Ti — nanowhiskers consisting predominantly of manganese oxides. The obtained oxide catalysts are promising for testing as catalysts of redox reactions, including titanium-based microreactors.
Imágenes digitales en el giro poshumano

Las imágenes poshumanas es el problema de investigación a tratar y es resultado de investigación del proyecto Estética poshumana en los paisajes artificiales del Departamento de Estética de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Diseño de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana em Bogotá. Con ellas se explora cómo es posible la producción de imágenes desde actantes diferentes al humano en el escenario de la tecnologia digital. Estas imágenes surgen de interconexiones con otros ecosistemas como los biológicos e informacionales y en conjunto con la diversidad de otras formas de vida no humanas que coexisten en el entorno, especialmente de los paisajes artificiales. El proceso de la habitabilidade se ha transformado a través de las imágenes, integradas por medio de sistemas de comunicación cuánticos y moleculares. En consecuencia las imágenes han devenido evolutivas. Ellas manifiestan auto-organización, emergencia y no linealidad; siendo estas las características de lo vivo.
Energetic Constraints Produce Self-sustained Oscillatory Dynamics in Neuronal Networks

Overview: We model energy constraints in a network of spiking neurons, while exploring general questions of resource limitation on network function abstractly. Background: Metabolic states like dietary ketosis or hypoglycemia have a large impact on brain function and disease outcomes. Glia provide metabolic support for neurons, among other functions. Yet, in computational models of glia-neuron cooperation, there have been no previous attempts to explore the effects of direct realistic energy costs on network activity in spiking neurons. Currently, biologically realistic spiking neural networks assume that membrane potential is the main driving factor for neural spiking, and do not take into consideration energetic costs. Methods: We define local energy pools to constrain a neuron model, termed Spiking Neuron Energy Pool (SNEP), which explicitly incorporates energy limitations. Each neuron requires energy to spike, and resources in the pool regenerate over time. Our simulation displays an easy-to-use GUI, which can be run locally in a web browser, and is freely available. Results: Energy dependence drastically changes behavior of these neural networks, causing emergent oscillations similar to those in networks of biological neurons. We analyze the system via Lotka-Volterra equations, producing several observations: (1) energy can drive self-sustained oscillations, (2) the energetic cost of spiking modulates the degree and type of oscillations, (3) harmonics emerge with frequencies determined by energy parameters, and (4) varying energetic costs have non-linear effects on energy consumption and firing rates. Conclusions: Models of neuron function which attempt biological realism may benefit from including energy constraints. Further, we assert that observed oscillatory effects of energy limitations exist in networks of many kinds, and that these findings generalize to abstract graphs and technological applications.
Differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease using MRI

SUMMARY Despite the characteristic clinical differences between dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a large degree of overlap exists. In particular, the clinical diagnostic criteria for DLB lack sensitivity so that many cases of DLB will be missed during life. MRI techniques offer a noninvasive method to assess the brain structure and function in more detail. In particular, advanced MRI methods such as diffusion-tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labeling (perfusion) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy may offer more sensitive methods to detect early and, possibly, preclinical change in dementia and contribute to our understanding of the differences between AD and DLB. This paper provides an overview of MRI changes in DLB and AD, the relationship to other imaging modalities such as single-photon emission computed tomography and PET, highlighting the differences between the conditions currently applicable to the clinical setting, as well as recent developments in MRI methods yet to be translated into large-scale clinical studies.
Scale-Up for next generation enzymatic dna synthesis

DNA Script is a biotech company founded in 2014, developing an enzymatic process for DNA synthesis, i.e. manufacturing DNA. Creating DNA is crucial for R&D in numerous fields of synthetic biology which tackle essential societal issues: climate change thanks to the production of bioproduced materials, healthcare with new biotherapies - especially against cancer, or food security using better strains of plants. Synthesis is also an essential step towards of DNA data storage. 

All these applications form the long-awaited synthetic biology revolution, and all rely on the capability to efficiently write life code to engineer biological systems. Current DNA synthesis methods are the major bottleneck. The enzymatic process developed by DNA Script, inspired by Nature, aims at improving both speed and efficiency by orders of magnitude. Avoiding the use of toxic reagents, this process will also contribute to a lower environmental footprint for this industry, as well as for its downstream applications.

DNA Script’s technological performances in the lab are 3 to 6 months away to overcome current offer. Project Rosalind will accelerate industrial scale-up of DNA Script’s production capability and performances. By developing extensive knowledge in DNA applications and structuring the company’s strategic and commercialization capabilities, Project Rosalind will also help DNA Script go commercial.

Enabling technologies such as DNA synthesis have tremendous impact on an ecosystem by accelerating R&D and industrialization cycles of its customer. The project will have a positive impact on the European biotech environment, and potentially trigger the emergence of European biotech leaders. Ultimately, through the numerous applications of synthetic DNA, it will benefit all European citizens.
Model-based testing using UML activity diagrams: A systematic mapping study

Abstract Context: The Unified Modeling Language (UML) has become the de facto standard for software modeling. UML models are often used to visualize, understand, and communicate the structure and behavior of a system. UML activity diagrams (ADs) are often used to elaborate and visualize individual use cases. Due to their higher level of abstraction and process-oriented perspective, UML ADs are also highly suitable for model-based test generation. In the last two decades, different researchers have used UML ADs for test generation. Despite the growing use of UML ADs for model-based testing, there are currently no comprehensive and unbiased studies on the topic. Objective: To present a comprehensive and unbiased overview of the state-of-the-art on model-based testing using UML ADs. Method: We review and structure the current body of knowledge on model-based testing using UML ADs by performing a systematic mapping study using well-known guidelines. We pose nine research questions, outline our selection criteria, and develop a classification scheme. Results: The results comprise 41 primary studies analyzed against nine research questions. We also highlight the current trends and research gaps in model-based testing using UML ADs and discuss some shortcomings for researchers and practitioners working in this area. The results show that the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs tend to rely on intermediate formats and formalisms for model verification and test generation, employ a multitude of graph-based coverage criteria, and use graph search algorithms. Conclusion: We present a comprehensive overview of the existing approaches on model-based testing using UML ADs. We conclude that (1) UML ADs are not being used for non-functional testing, (2) only a few approaches have been validated against realistic, industrial case studies, (3) most approaches target very restricted application domains, and (4) there is currently a clear lack of holistic approaches for model-based testing using UML ADs.
Osteomielitis crónica de calcáneo: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

ResumenSe presenta el caso de un hombre de 38 años en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, México, con un cuadro de úlcera crónica en el talón derecho de cinco años de evolución posterior a traumatismo directo con objeto punzante en el talón involucrado, con antecedente de avance de colgajo hace cinco años.A la exploración clínica con pérdida cutánea de 7 × 5 cm con exudado purulento y a la exploración radiológica se pone de manifiesto una imagen de hipotrofia de calcáneo derecho con restos óseos esclerosados y datos sugestivos de osteomielitis crónica.Tras una primera intervención con espaciador de cemento de polimetilmetacrilato + gentamicina con técnica de cadena y legrado de calcáneo, así como toma de cultivo, se confirma el diagnóstico con aislamiento de la lesión de Escherichia coli y Enterococcus faecalis mas rechaza el espaciador, por lo que se interviene de nueva ocasión para la resección de calcáneo.Al cicatrizar la herida se indica órtesis de pie-tobillo y se inicia la marcha sin dolor, y sin recidiva de la osteomielitis.
Media response to colon cancer campaigns in Switzerland 2005-2007: regional newspapers are the most reliable among the printed media

Health campaigns are frequently covered by printed media, but coverage is not homogeneous across different types of newspapers. Switzerland as a multilinguistic country with many newspapers offers a good field for study. A better understanding of how printed media report on national campaigns against colon cancer in the three main linguistic regions may help to improve future public health interventions. Therefore, we analyzed articles published between 2005 and 2007 during the campaigns "Darmkrebs-nie?" and "Self-Care" in the German, French and Italian regions of Switzerland.Some 65% of articles reporting on colon cancer were in German, 23% and 12% were in French and Italian respectively. During the campaign, topics linked to colon cancer were increasingly covered by the media. Regional newspapers (66%) reported significantly more about colon cancer and produced the most detailed articles.Both gain- and loss-framed messages have been used by journalists, whereas the campaigns used merely gain-framed messages. Latin (French and Italian) newspapers mixed gain- and loss-framed messages in the same articles, while German articles mainly used a single frame throughout.Swiss-German papers reported more about the topic and the reporting was quantitatively and qualitatively more prominent in regional papers. The press followed the campaigns closely only during the period of campaigning, with high coverage. We propose to consider the regional press as an important vehicle of health information. Moreover, slight differences in framing can be observed between German and Latin articles.
Designing effective public policies

This proposal outlines a number of projects in public economics, with links to other fields such as macro, real estate, labor, and gender economics. The projects evolve around several large administrative datasets from the UK and Denmark, and they advance approaches and methodologies that have recently been developed in public economics into new areas. There is a strong public policy focus running through the proposal, including tax policy, transfer policy, family policy, and indirectly monetary policy. The objective is to achieve a comprehensive understanding of how government interventions affect two key markets: the housing market and the labor market.

The project is divided into two themes. The first theme focuses on the housing market and is divided into three subprojects. The first project investigates the effects of mortgage interest rates on leverage and house prices, and it develops a new quasi-experimental method for estimating the elasticity of intertemporal substitution in consumption, a crucial parameter for many public policies. The second and third projects investigate housing market responses to different tax policies, focusing on how such responses are magnified by liquidity constraints and leverage.

The second theme focuses on the labor market and is divided into two subprojects. The first project studies secular changes in gender inequality and the underlying sources of those changes, focusing mainly on the effects of child rearing on gender inequality. The project explores the underlying mechanisms driving child-related inequality, including gender identity norms and family policies. The second project proposes a new way of estimating macro labor supply elasticities that integrates taxes and public expenditures, and it develops a theoretical framework to draw policy implications from those estimations.
Commercial Housing Affordability in Post-welfare Housing Era in Beijing, 1999-2009

China has experienced a substantial economy growth with a rapid housing price increase which affected its housing affordability. Beijing's high commercial housing price is widely concerned since the launch of welfare housing reform in 1998. The paper analyses: what the high commercial housing price has led to during the period from 1999 to 2009 by the adoption of price-to-income ratio and housing affordability index. The findings indicate that the price-to-income ratio fluctuates between 6.7 and 15 and housing affordability index is between 143 and 71 during the period. The results provide an insight into housing affordability in Beijing and the trend suggests that the municipal government's housing provision policies are hard to solve the housing affordability problem in the short run. The reasons for the high commercial housing price are examined and possible policies to increase the housing affordability are discussed in the paper.
Commercialising mr-hifu: an image-guided local drug-delivery platform

Reducing the high attrition rates in drug development continues to be a key challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. With average drug development costs of over $2 billion dollar and a 95% failure rate of cancer drugs in Phase I trials, a new paradigm is highly needed.
iGOLDD represents a unique opportunity for the commercialisation of a powerful alternative drug-delivery solution that has the potential to locally boost the efficacy of many drugs for a range of clinical indications. Prof. Moonen and his team, as part of the ERC project Sound Pharma, have developed a powerful technology platform, based on magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU), that can be used for high-precision image-guided drug delivery, HIFU is the only known technique capable of completely non-invasive, precisely controlled heating deep inside the human body. MRI allows continuous imaging of the tumour and surrounding health tissue for target definition. 
iGOLDD aims to commercialise this unique technology as a stand-alone drug delivery platform that can be widely offered to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to improve new or existing drugs or reuse shelved therapies. In iGOLDD we will further optimise the HIFU technology (in particular temperature control and motion correction) for drug delivery of macromolecular drugs, such as antibody-drug conjugates, to demonstrate the large potential of our drug delivery platform. In addition, we will prepare for market introduction, by defining the exact business strategy, model and positioning for commercial success. We will develop the business strategy that offers the most promise, based on the technological aspects of the project, the market needs and trends, the end-user needs and the IP-position. During this project, we will gain technical and commercial proof-of-concept, which will provide us with the necessary information regarding potential commercialisation routes.