SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
A BICYCLE HAVING A FOLDABLE HANDLEBAR STEM

The invention provides a bicycle having a stem (22, 24) connecting handlebars (18) to a steering column (8), said stem (22, 24), when actutuated by a lever (30) moves handlebars (18) and holds them in a storage position. The stem has a handle portion (22) and a steering portion (24). The steering portion (24) is coupled to the front fork (6) such that it extends transverse to the steering axis to a first end (52) to which the handle portion (22) is coupled. The handle portion (22) couples the handlebar (18) to the steering portion (24). The handle portion (22) of the stem (20) is movable relative to the steering portion (24) between a steering position and a storage position. The lever (30) is coupled to means for actuating the handle portion (22), said means can comprise a push/pull rod (44) which can be coupled to the lever (30) by an over center mechanism. The invention also provides a stem (20) for use in such a bicycle.
Results of the 2014 badger cull

I WISH to comment on the results of the 2014 badger cull, especially the results for Gloucestershire. Having spent a few nights out with the cull contractors I am very well aware that, as stated by Defra, anti-cull activist activity was one factor resulting in reduced numbers removed, but colleagues ought to be aware of other potential factors. The badgers cannot be removed unless they are present and, as discussed below, one of the big problems in the current debate is that no-one can be sure of the initial numbers present.

As one would expect, if a significant proportion of the badger population is removed in year 1 of the cull, then there will be fewer to be removed in the second year. This would appear to be the case for …
Scalable memory controller

A single ASIC memory controller has full interconnectivity between various modes on the ASIC: input controller, memory controller, and output controller. The single ASIC includes an input controller section, a memory controller section, and an output controller section. The ASIC architecture is designed to allow any of the sections to be bypassed. Using the bypass mechanism, the ASIC can be combined with other like ASICs to increase system performance and capabilities without the need for ASIC redesign. The ASIC design can be used in memory subsystems that are scalable depending on user requirements.
Cytotoxicity Screening of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Detection and Removal of Cytotoxic Contaminants from Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes

This study compares the cytotoxicity to cultured mammalian cells of nine different single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) products synthesized by a variety of methods and obtained from a cross section of vendors. A standard procedure involving sonication and centrifugation in buffered bovine serum albumin was developed to disperse all the SWNTs in a biocompatible solution to facilitate comparisons. The effect of the SWNTs on the proliferative ability of a standard cell line was then assessed. Of the nine different SWNT materials tested, only two were significantly toxic, and both were functionalized by carboxylation from different vendors. This was unexpected because carboxylation makes SWNTs more water-soluble, which would presumably correlate with better biocompatibility. However, additional purification work demonstrated that the toxic material in the carboxylated SWNT preparations could be separated from the SWNTs by filtration. The filtrate that contained the toxic activity also contained abundant small carbon fragments that had Raman signatures characteristic of amorphous carbon species, suggesting a correlation between toxicity and oxidized carbon fragments. The removal of a toxic contaminant associated with carboxylated SWNTs is important in the development of carboxylated SWNTs for pharmacological applications.
The brain dynamics of human fluid intelligence

Human fluid intelligence is characterized by a structured sequence of cognition, resulting in efficient application of rules to novel problems. In the brain, metabolic neuroimaging and lesion studies have linked fluid intelligence to a specific frontoparietal network, here called the multiple-demand (MD) network, comprising regions of lateral frontal, insular, dorsomedial frontal and parietal cortex. But how do MD functions determine fluid intelligence across stages of cognition? My extensive expertise in electroencephalography (EEG) source analyses and neural pattern classification techniques will allow me to assess time-resolved neural representations of novel rules in MD and perceptual cortex as a function of fluid intelligence, as well as the causal impact of MD cortex on earliest stages of perceptual encoding. Higher- and lower-intelligent subjects’ electrophysiological (EEG) and behavioural measures of novel rule implementation will be systematically analysed. Non-invasive neural stimulation (transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)) will be used in combination with EEG to draw causal conclusions on the specific role of MD and perceptual cortices in human fluid intelligence. My novel analysis approach may provide a new account on fluid intelligence: one aspect of low fluid intelligence may be the dysfunctional early filtering of task-relevant information in perceptual cortex, due to lack of top-down control from MD cortices, leading to sensory overload on later processing stages. The proposal’s outcomes will be both of high academic and commercial interest. Understanding the brain signatures underlying fluid intelligence is essential for more specific and cost-effective medical interventions. For example, decline of fluid intelligence due to healthy ageing is strongly correlated with high-cost medical conditions such as depression, which affect an increasing number of people in the ageing European population.
STANDBY AND CHARGING OF MODULAR MULTILEVEL CONVERTERS

The present invention proposes a hybrid converter branch operating mode for a Modular Multilevel power Converter MMC with MMC cells in distinct subsets (S1, S2) operating according to a "pulse blocked" cell operation mode with DC cell voltage increase or according to a "bypass" cell operation mode without DC cell voltage increase. Repeated cell subset assignment and corresponding alternation of cell operating mode allows to reduce or at least manage a mean deviation of the cell capacitor DC voltages of the converter cells. The invention also reduces no-load losses of the MMC in standby mode and a charging voltage in an MMC charging mode.
Disruptive technologies supporting labour market decision making

Hecat aims to investigate, demonstrate and pilot a disruptive technology to support labour market decision making by
unemployed citizens and those seeking to help them. At one stage or another, almost half of all EU citizens will rely on a
Public Employment Services (PES), and so this is a key touchpoint of a contemporary state and has impacts on citizen’s
thinking about social cohesion, care and existential wellbeing. The ambition of the project is to improve citizen’s experience
and outcomes of unemployment by offering real-time evidence-based insight into their personal position in the labour
market. Hecat builds on the experience and learning of existing basic algorithmic techniques used by some European PES
administrations to: - deliver labour market insight directly to unemployed citizen and so is built on European values of open
data, collaboration, transparency and citizen-participation - broaden out the focus on quantity of jobs drawn from the
‘economic imagination’ to add a focus on job quality and sustainable employment - go beyond profiling the ‘stock’
unemployed people, to incorporate measures of labour demand, and so take a labour market approach - go beyond the
profiling of ‘problem categories’ of citizens that current survey-data based systems use, to exploit emerging big-data
processing and analytics to treat each individual as a unique complex subject in a real-time and near limitless database that
leverages the insight trapped inside statistical agencies - frame the development in deep contextual insight into the origin
and transformation of the experience of unemployment and its administration based on anthropological inquiry - bring this
insight into the hands of decision makers with a a platform-UX that exploits novel artificial intelligence with learning
capabilities and cutting edge, accessible visualisation and gamification techniques to support knowledge discovery and
decision making at the critical moment, as a decision support system
Exotic quantum phases with dipolar fermi gases of spin-polarized erbium atoms in reduced dimensions

Ultracold quantum gases have triggered great interest for their possibilities of simulating quantum matter. Thanks to the high tunability of these systems, direct signatures of fundamental phenomena in solid-state physics have in particular become accessible. However the variety of physical effects have long been restricted to the case of particles interacting via  short-range and isotropic forces. Recent progress in cooling and trapping highly magnetic atoms have enriched the field by making available dipolar quantum matter, in which the interaction (DDI) is intrinsically long-range and anisotropic. This new feature brings tremendous possibilities for quantum simulation, and hence fruitful insights in long-awaited explanations for phenomena such as high-temperature superconductivity.
This project targets to demonstrate collective dipolar phenomena and exotic phases in ultracold gases made of identical (i.e. spin-polarized) strongly magnetic fermions in two and zero dimensions. Identical dipolar fermions are of special interest thanks to the absence of short-range interaction in the ultracold regime, resulting in purely dipolar systems. They have however been very little studied up to now. This project aims to fill this gap and unveils the interplay between dipolar interactions and reduced dimensions, combining perfectly the expertise of the applicant with the one of the supervisor and her team. Her group has developed the first experimental apparatus producing quantum gases of Erbium, which is among the most magnetic atoms of the periodic table.  In this project, we will explore the impact of dipolar interaction on strongly correlated phases. We will investigate asymmetric Cooper pairing due to the anisotropic nature of DDI in the privileging 2D geometry, and study the resulting superfluid phase. We will study spontaneous pattern formation from the long-range character of DDI both in 2D and in a lattice and the emergence of the long awaited stripe phases.
One-Stop shops as citizens' hubs to support the decision making process for integrated renovations

The overall aim of Sav€ the Homes is to contribute to an increase of an annual renovation rate of > 5% by offering attractive OSS services to homeowners, managed and implemented by municipalities as being trustworthy entities for citizens. This is achieved by the implementation of OSS Citizen Hub concept, offering renovation offices, both as physical hubs and web-based virtual hubs at local level based on the concept of medium-sized cities and to maximize replicability, at national and EU level.

Sav€ the Homes will:
1. Offer a full customers journey in 5 stops:
- Stop 0 Onboarding
- Stop 1 Design: Social design by co-creation with the homeowners
- Stop 2 Elaboration: Organizing the financing, purchasing of renovation kits and the preparations for the construction of the renovation works
- Stop 3 Construction: Realization of proven quality in interaction with homeowners and a peer-to-peer Renovation Community, as part of the Citizen Hub
- Stop 4 In-use: Monitoring of total performances in practice for ensuring sustainable quality of building and user experience
2. Create strong networks and trustworthy partnerships with local actors in the whole chain
3. Create locally developed and organized financing and investment pipelines

The integrated home renovation services will be established within already established OSS networks at the city (City of Eindhoven) and regional (Comunitat Valenciana) level in two EU countries, building upon existing energy targets and networks so far well established at the city levels where it brings a new method and mechanism on how to improve the existing interactions between the relevant organizations and stakeholders. It holistically connects renovation advisory, products and services, finance opportunities and legal advice with a building owner at a single point. By involving relevant EU umbrella organizations, the concept will be further promoted in other member states to come to a harmonized method applicable at EU level.
The tocharian trek: a linguistic reconstruction of the migration of the tocharians from europe to china

The long trek of the Tocharians from Europe to China is one of the most disputed issues in the migration history of Eurasia. Tocharian is an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family, which includes a.o. English, Latin, Greek and Sanskrit. The Indo-European languages stretch in one uninterrupted belt from Ireland to the Sea of Bengal, but Tocharian, discovered in manuscripts from the Tarim Basin in Northwest China dating from c. 500–1000 CE, is a notorious exception to this geographic distribution.

The common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, Proto-Indo-European, can be hypothetically reconstructed and is often located in the east of present-day Ukraine. Therefore, speakers of early Tocharian must have made a long trek eastward before they settled in the Tarim Basin. Archaeological and genetic evidence suggests that they first moved east to southern Siberia around 3500 BCE and then south to the Tarim Basin in China, where they may have arrived as early as 2000 BCE. The arrival of the Tocharians in the Tarim Basin is possibly linked to ancient corpses found there: the so-called Tarim Mummies.

Curiously, linguistic evidence has mostly been neglected. Therefore, the proposed project aims to provide an integrated linguistic assessment of the hypothesised migration route of the Tocharians.

Languages preserve precious information about their prehistory through the effects of language contact. Through close scrutiny and periodisation of the different layers of contact of Tocharian and its prehistoric neighbours, the project will reconstruct the migration route of the Tocharians from the Proto-Indo-European homeland all the way to China.

The crucial Siberian phase of the migration shows the groundbreaking nature of the approach. Genetic evidence points to influence from local Siberian populations on the early Tocharians. Likewise, the Tocharian language shows such heavy impact of local Siberian languages that this may be called the “birth of Tocharian”.
Nano-Engineered aluminosilicate cementitious materials

The project “Nano-Engineered Aluminosilicate Cementitious Materials” (NEASCMs) is designed for training the fellow by preparing low-carbon cementitious binders for sustainable construction and solidification/stabilization, S/S. Effects of nanoengineering on the regulation of the hydration and hardening processes of aluminosilicate-based cementitious binders for sustainable constructions, as well as its roles on the solidification/stabilization of aluminosilicate-based grains/wastes for environmental protection will be explored. Nanoengineering will be utilized for preparing low-carbon cementitious materials containing of different sources of Aluminosilicates, Carbonates and Sulfates (ACS) binders for sustainable construction. The hydration kinetics and performance of ACS binders will be tailored through the optimization of a combination of cement and minor ions (such as Mg, Fe, Cl). The mechanical properties and durability will be systematically studied for evaluation of performance. Secondly, effects of nanoengineering on S/S of typical aluminosilicate-based grains/wastes for environmental protection will be investigated. Solidification/stabilization using nanoengineered aluminosilicates will be studied and modelled thermodynamically. Cases such as solidification/stabilization of soil/construction wastes, mining wastes will be researched, and the environment features, such as the solidification capability, the leachability of the wastes will be investigated through mechanical testing and sequential extraction procedures (SEP), etc. Life-cycle assessment (LCA) will be used for a comprehensive understanding of the sustainability of the production and utilization of the new binders, baselined against Portland cement by taking the transportation, production, usage, and recycling stages into consideration. This project will shed a light on the preparation of low-carbon cementitious binders featuring great intellectual merits and broad engineering implications.
Itineraries among the tresures of Renaissance Venetian art 

The project aims at enhancing and making available to tourists the significant historical and cultural heritage of the Municipality of Noale, through the creation of historical-cultural itineraries devoted to Renaissance Venetian art. In this sense, rediscovering the local historical wealth and great works of art is a major incentive for the development of thematic tourism. The Renaissance represents one of the highest forms of artistic expression for Italian painters and sculptors; in particular, the Church of SS. Felice and Fortunato in Noale houses paintings and sculptures by renowned artists. The Column of Peace by Paolo Pino Veneziano can be admired in Noale’s historical centre, while façades and halls on the piano nobile of the XVI century palaces, which face Piazza Castello and Piazza XX Settembre, contain frescoes by unknown authors. In this context the Municipal Authorities are going to implement a thematic tourismpromotion project in order to divulge knowledge and information about the treasures of Renaissance Venetian art in the town of Noale. The cooperation with the Goriški Muzej is a strong point of the project, because for a long time the museum has been active in the enhancement, improvement and promotion of cultural itineraries. Tourists can admire the works of art in town following the cultural routes - by bike or on foot - which are indicated by bilingual signs. Finally, the publication of thematic tourist guides, promotional material and a study on the artistic heritage of Noale are important tools for the promotion of the area.
CYCLIC DELOCALIZED CATIONS CONNECTED BY SPACER GROUPS

Cyclic delocalized cations joined together by spacer groups, with anions of equal number to cations to maintain charge neutrality, are disclosed. These spacer groups may be organic or inorganic in origin and may vary in length. The spacer groups may be saturated, containing single bonds, or may be unsaturated, containing double and triple bonds. With appropriate design these materials can have melting and glass transition temperatures below, around, and above room temperature. The lyophobic character of these materials may be adjusted, providing unique properties. These materials are well suited for use as electrolytes, lubricants, solvents for extractions and for running reactions, biphase catalysis media, media for electroluminescent and electrochromic devices.
Turning unexploited food waste into biomethane supplied through local filling stations network

The overall objective of Bin2Grid concept is to promote segregated collection of food waste as energy source, conversion to biogas, and its upgrading to biomethane and utilization in associated network of filling stations.
To that end, accent will be given to defining strategies for establishing efficient network of food and beverage waste collection methods and practices. Also, whole range of food waste producers will be taken under consideration, i.e. manufacturing entities, catering/food services, retail stores. 
Since biological treatment (anaerobic digestion) is without an alternative for energy utilization of food waste and together with other raw materials creates a synergy for renewable energy production (biogas/biomethane). One of the biggest advantages of such a concept of energy production is having two issues covered at the same time: environmental protection with sustainable management of food waste and the production of renewable energy with its utilization as a biofuel.
The existing technologies which are specific for this kind of raw materials will be explored. Having in mind that chemical energy of biogas is fully used when it has been upgraded to biomethane and used as a biofuel, particular attention will be given to advanced biogas to biomethane upgrading techniques for purification and technical requirements for its usage through local filling stations as a biofuel, in public transportation sector in particular (e.g. waste management trucks).
PROCEDURES FOR AMMONIA PRODUCTION

Systems and methods for producing ammonia. In one approach, Li3N is reacted with hydrogen to produce ammonia and is regenerated using nitrogen. Catalysts comprising selected transition metals or their nitrides can be used to promote the reactions. In another approach, supercritical anhydrous ammonia is used as a reaction medium to assist the reaction of hydrogen with nitrogen to produce ammonia, again promoted using catalysts.
Elucidating how bifidobacteria shapes the microbiota in response to infant diet.

After birth we are colonized by a consortium of bacteria that are critical for health. Bifidobacteria represent pioneer members, and reach high levels within the gut microbiota of breast-fed infants. These bacteria are proposed to be critical for establishing ‘healthy’ microbiota development and immune defense; however the mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesize that breast-milk metabolism by Bifidobacteria provides microbial-derived metabolic products key to promoting stable colonisation of other members in the microbiota, suggesting a mechanism as to why formula-fed infants have an altered microbiota and associated increased risk to a variety of diseases. This MCSA seeks to elucidate the function of Bifidobacteria with host diet, by developing a model colon ecosystem colonised with defined infant bacterial isolates to identify key bifidobacterial-derived metabolic byproducts that differ between breast milk and formula metabolism using cutting-edge metabolic tracer experiments and [13C]-Bifidobacteria pseudocatenulatum. Aim 2 will determine the genomic and regulatory elements in B. pseudocatenulatum required for adaption/metabolism of breast-milk or infant formula in the model colon via construction of a genome-wide mutant library generated by high through-put transposon mutagenesis. Metabolites identified in aim 1 will be linked to specific bifidobacterial gene function, based on the identity of essential mutants unable to grow in the presence of breast-milk (aim 2). We will also determine how host diet impacts microbiota composition in the model ecosystem, by monitoring microbial diversity by 16S rRNA analysis. Finally, to promote a ‘healthy’ microbiota, identified breast-milk metabolites will be used to supplement the formula fed model. This research will provide critical insight into the function and mechanism of how infant diet impacts bifidobacteria colonisation, with the potential to identify key bifidobacterial-metabolites that promote life-long health.