SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Geometry and anomalous dynamic growth of elastic instabilities

Elastic instabilities are ubiquitous, from the wrinkles that form on skin to the ‘snap-through’ of an umbrella on a windy day. The complex patterns such instabilities make, and the great speed with which they develop, have led to a host of technological and scientific applications. However, recent experiments have revealed significant gaps in our theoretical understanding of such instabilities, particularly in the roles played by geometry and dynamics. I will establish a group to develop and validate a theoretical framework within which these results can be understood. Central to my approach is an appreciation of the crucial role of geometry in the pattern formation and dynamics of elastic instabilities.

As a starting point, I will consider the model problem of a pressurized elastic shell subject to a geometrically large deformation. This system develops either wrinkles or a stress-focusing instability depending on the internal pressure. As such, this is a natural paradigm with which to understand geometrical features of deformation relevant across length scales from deformed viruses to the subduction zones in Earth’s tectonic plates. My team will combine theoretical and computational approaches with tabletop experiments to determine a new set of shell deformations that are generically observed in contradiction of the classic ‘mirror buckling’. Understanding why these new shapes emerge will transform our perception of shell instabilities and provide new fundamental building blocks with which to model them. These ideas will also be used to transform our understanding of a number of other, previously mysterious, elastic instabilities of practical interest. Turning our focus to the dynamics of instabilities such as the snap-through of shells, we will show that accounting for geometry is again crucial. The new insight gained through this project will increase our ability to control elastic instabilities, benefitting a range of technological and scientific applications.
A BiCMOS 4×4 Butler matrix

In this paper, a new miniaturized design of on-chip 4×4 Butler matrix implemented in SiGe BiCMOS technology is presented. The proposed Butler matrix was designed using two different approaches operating at the same frequency of 5.5 GHz. In a first example, a miniaturized lumped element design was implemented by increasing the density of the individual elements on the chip. A reduction of the chip area was achieved by simulating the entire structure with FEM based commercial software and by carefully evaluating mutual coupling effects. In a second design, a more innovative approach was taken into account by implementing the 90 degree hybrid through an on-chip transformer. Thanks to this solution, it was possible to achieve a considerable reduction of the chip area and an improvement of the Butler matrix performance both in terms of phase linearity and in terms of operating bandwidth.
mDrive — Control for two-hand drive for less distractions

The operation covers the development and marketing of the m Drive system — a system for preventive prevention of road accidents due to driving distractions. Technology designed for front-end logistics companies controls, monitors and alarms the driver’s hands position. The aim is to reduce the number of accidents and economic damage.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A DRIVE DEVICE AND CORRESPONDING DRIVE DEVICE

The invention relates to a method for operating a drive device (1) which has a drive assembly and an exhaust gas purification device (3) for purifying exhaust gas of the drive assembly, said purification device being arranged in an exhaust gas line (2), wherein the exhaust gas purification device (3) is at least intermittently heated by means of an electric heater arrangement (5) which has a heating element (6) for heating a fluid, and a bypass line which branches off from the exhaust gas line (2) on one side of the exhaust gas purification device (3) and opens into said line on the other side, in which bypass line (7) a fluid pump (8) for feeding the fluid through the exhaust gas purification device (3) is arranged. There is provision that, in order to heat the exhaust gas purification device (3) before the drive assembly starts, the fluid pump (8) is operated in order to cause fluid heated by means of the heating element (6) to flow through the exhaust gas purification device (3) counter to an exhaust gas flow direction through the exhaust gas line (2). The invention further relates to a drive device (1).
WNT/B-CATENIN INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF USE

This disclosure relates to inhibitors of the Wni pathway, and compositions comprising the same, as well as to their use in the treatment of disorders characterized by the activation of Writ pathway signaling (e.g., cancer), as well as to the modulation of cellular events mediated by VVnt pathway signaling.
Military and Industrial SiTEs Reuse

For some years already many European cities are concerned with the reuse and revitalisation of brownfields. Brownfields are areas which were formerly used as locations for industrial or military purposes and which are now abandoned. Revitalising these areas instead of developing and consuming urban green or undeveloped land can improve urban space and can limit the land use in inner-city regions as it helps to avoid extensive urban expansion projects. Consequently brownfield revitalisation contributes to sustainable forms of land use. MISTER aims at designing and testing a new set of integrated actions which embraces the restructuring and renewal of towns by reusing derelict land. The project targets a more transparent and responsible involvement of the private sector. In particular private investors should become more involved in reuse plans. The partner regions from five different countries (Italy, Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia) share the need for an appropriate reuse of existing buildings in decommissioned industrial and military areas. This need affects local decision-makers, urban and building planners, those responsible in the building industry and citizens in general.
Characterizing the Processes for Navigating Internet Health Information Using Real Time Observations: A Mixed Methods Approach

Background: Millions of Americans conduct regular health-related Internet searches. Little is known about the processes people use to find information or the individual characteristics that shape selection of information-seeking approaches. 

Objective: To describe how Internet users navigate the Internet for information about a hypothetical acute illness and to identify individual characteristics predictive of their information-seeking strategies. 

Participants: Study participants were recruited from public settings and agencies. Interested individuals were screened for eligibility using an online questionnaire. A person was eligible if s/he was 21–35 years of age, had searched the Internet for health information within the past 12 months, and reported access barriers to healthcare. 

Methods: Participants listened to one of two clinical scenarios. One was consistent with mild to moderate influenza, the other with bacterial meningitis. They were instructed to conduct an Internet search as though they were experiencing the symptoms presented in the scenario. Internet search mouse clicks and keystrokes, steps, were captured using screen-capture video software. Each step of the search was coded as hypothesis testing (etiology), exploration (symptoms), or action/treatment seeking (behavior). The coded steps formed a step-by-step pattern of each participant’s information-seeking process. We identified 26 unique patterns, which were grouped into four broad pattern classifications.

Results: Seventy-eight participants participated. Analysis proceeded in three steps. First, the patterns were put into a hierarchy of pattern classifications based on number of steps taken during the search (1 step = simple, >1 step = compound). Second, compound patterns were separated based on whether the pattern consisted of, both, developing a hypothesis and exploring symptoms (analytical) before ending the search or searching an action/treatment. Third, the patterns classified as analytical were further classified as including or not including action/treatment seeking. Using dual-processing theory, we categorized the four pattern classifications as either System 1 (41%, n=32) unconscious, rapid, automatic, and high capacity; or System 2 (59%, n=46), conscious, slow, and deliberative processing. Using multivariate regression, we found that System 2 processing was associated with higher education and younger age.

Conclusions: We identified and classified two approaches to processing Internet health information. System 2 processing, a methodical approach, most resembles the strategies for information processing that result in a high-quality decision. It is concluded that the quality of Internet health-information seeking could be improved through consumer education on methodical Internet navigation strategies and the incorporation of decision aides into health information websites. []
Non-Elected politics. cure or curse for the crisis of representative democracy?

Evidence of a growing disengagement of citizens from politics is multiplying. Electoral turnout reaches historically low levels. Anti-establishment and populist parties are on the rise. Fewer and fewer Europeans trust their representative institutions.  In response, we have observed a multiplication of institutional reforms aimed at revitalizing representative democracy. Two in particular stand out: the delegation of some political decision-making powers to (1) selected citizens and to (2) selected experts. But there is a paradox in attempting to cure the crisis of representative democracy by introducing such reforms. In representative democracy, control over political decision-making is vested in elected representatives. Delegating political decision-making to selected experts/citizens is at odds with this definition. It empowers the non-elected. If these reforms show that politics could work without elected officials, could we really expect that citizens’ support for representative democracy would be boosted and that citizens would re-engage with representative politics? In that sense, would it be a cure for the crisis of representative democracy, or rather a curse? Our central hypothesis is that there is no universal and univocal healing (or harming) effect of non-elected politics on support for representative democracy. In order to verify it, I propose to collect data across Europe on three elements: (1) a detailed study of the preferences of Europeans on how democracy should work and on institutional reforms towards non-elected politics, (2) a comprehensive inventory of all actual cases of empowerment of citizens and experts implemented across Europe since 2000, and (3) an analysis of the impact of exposure to non-elected politics on citizens’ attitudes towards representative democracy. An innovative combination of online survey experiments and of panel surveys will be used to answer this topical research question with far-reaching societal implication.
Development of Congenital Stromal Corneal Dystrophy Is Dependent on Export and Extracellular Deposition of Truncated Decorin

Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy (CSCD) is an autosomal dominant condition with clouding of the cornea due to stromal opacities. It is caused by mutations in the decorin gene (DCN) leading to the expression of a truncated form of decorin. In an attempt to replicate this condition in mice, a knock-in mouse strain, 952delT Dcn, was created.Mice were constructed by targeted mutation. Sequencing of genomic DNA confirmed correct genotype. Mouse and human corneas, including corneas from patients with CSCD, and primary keratocyte cultures were subjected to Western blot analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence microscopy.Histologically, the mice did not show any organ pathology. Corneas were clear, and the electron-lucent deposits observed in CSCD were not present. Furthermore, while nearly equivalent amounts of normal and truncated decorin are present in CSCD corneas, truncated decorin was hardly detectable in the mouse corneas. By immunofluorescence analysis of corneas from 952delT Dcn homozygous mice, decorin was found only in keratocytes. In primary cultures of mouse corneal explants, truncated decorin was retained intracellularly in contrast with human corneal explants where truncated decorin was exported into the culture medium. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that native mouse decorin localized to the Golgi complex, whereas the truncated decorin accumulated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).The ER retention of truncated decorin may explain why the mouse corneas remained clear. The consequences of the decorin mutation are different in mice and humans, and 952delT Dcn knock-in mice are therefore not a suitable model for CSCD.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DIE CUTTING

A clamshell die press includes a fixed platen, a moving platen installed thereon a cutting blade, and a pad mounted on top of a working surface of the fixed platen, wherein the pad comprises a padding block, wherein the padding block comprises a padding layer composed of a material selected to match a tooth profile of the cutting blade.
On The Reduction of Duality Gap in Box Constrained Nonconvex Quadratic Program

In this paper, we investigate in this paper the reduction of the duality gap between box constrained nonconvex quadratic programming and its semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation (or Lagrangian dual). Characterizing the zero duality gap by a set of saddle-point-type conditions, we propose a parameterized distance measure δ(θ) between a polyhedral set C and a perturbed nonconvex set Λ(θ) to measure the dissatisfaction degree of the optimality conditions for zero duality gap. An underestimation of the duality gap is then derived which leads to a reduction of the duality gap proportional to δ2(θ*) for the identified best parameter θ*. This reduction of duality gap can be extended to the cases with both box and linear equality constraints. We demonstrate that the computation of δ(θ*) can be reduced to the cell enumeration of hyperplane arrangement in discrete geometry. In particular, we show that the reduction of duality gap can be achieved in polynomial time for a fixed degeneracy degree of the modified ...
Towards improved understanding of the worldwide decline of wind speed in a climate change scenario

In a globally changing climate, scientists have paid little attention on variability of wind speed. A recent discovery to science is the “global stilling""; a worldwide slowdown of wind speed since the 1980s. This stilling is not fully understood and neither the quantity nor the quality of wind speed observations is adequate to allow a reliable study. The scientific aims of this MSCA to fill this key gap are (i) to rescue the longest wind speed series (starting prior to the 1960s), and (ii) to improve our knowledge on the influence of atmospheric circulation. Given the interdisciplinary impacts of ""global stilling"" on wind energy,  agriculture and hydrology, the socioeconomic-environmental aim is (iii) to look at past wind speed to better assess future wind speed projections needed for climate change adaptation. The innovative approach combines the rescue (ACE framework) and homogenization (SNHT test) of historical wind speed data, providing a unique opportunity to statistically assess trends/cycles and atmospheric causes (SOM/RCPA and weather typing techniques) on long time periods and reliable datasets than previous studies. The applicant will bring his new homogenization protocol, extensive expertise on winds and a novel collaboration topic to UGOT and KNMI. In turn, these Institutions are world authorities on data rescue techniques and attributing causes of climate trends; the applicant will also be trained in leadership, management, funding, supervision and communication skills enhancing his career development. Jointly this team is in a position to push the boundaries of “global stilling” knowledge far ahead, with the ultimate intent to allow the applicant to train through research, establish an independent career, and a research group at the forefront of wind research in Europe. Additionally, this MSCA addresses two of the H2020 Societal Challenges: “Secure, Clean and Efficient Energy”, and “Climate action, Environment, Resource efficiency and Raw materials”.
NaFe3(HPO3)2((H,F)PO2OH)6: A Potential Cathode Material and a Novel Ferrimagnet

A novel iron fluorophosphite, NaFe3(HPO3)2((H,F)PO2OH)6, was synthesized by a dry low-temperature synthesis route. The phase was shown to be electrochemically active for reversible insertion of Na(+) ions, with an average discharge voltage of 2.5 V and an experimental capacity at low rates of up to 90 mAhg(-1). Simple synthesis, low-cost materials, excellent capacity retention, and efficiency suggest this class of material is competitive with similar oxyanion-based compounds as a cathode material for Na batteries. The characterization of physical properties by means of magnetization, specific heat, and electron spin resonance measurements confirms the presence of two magnetically nonequivalent Fe(3+) sites. The compound orders magnetically at TC ≈ 9.4 K into a state with spontaneous magnetization.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEMANTIC EXTRACTION AND VIDEO REMIX CREATION

A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided for extracting semantic information from user-generated media content to create a video remix which is semantically enriched. An exemplary method comprises extracting media content data and sensor data from a plurality of media content, wherein the sensor data comprises a plurality of data modalities. The method may also include classifying the extracted media content data and the sensor data. The method may further include detecting predefined objects or events utilizing the sensor data to create remix video.
On trade policies and climate change

Climate Change and Trade are two examples of public goods that call for international cooperation and coordination. 
The threats due to changes in climate conditions and the losses potentially due to adverse (or extreme) weather events have induced countries to look for common solutions. Moreover, trade and climate change are not only two global scale issues, but they are also tightly connected: trade is a major economic activity, climate is a major exogenous factor in economic production. Trade and climate change have direct and indirect links: trade impacts climate either through the emissions of the transport industry, and by favoring (or disfavoring) emissions-saving productions; climate change directly impacts trade by modifying comparative advantages, and indirectly by legitimating trade as an adaptation strategy. Trade is fostered by trade policies, which are also tightly connected to the dynamics of climate change. Thus, environmental and trade policies tend to be connected, and research to deepen on these links would be beneficial.
The proposed research aims at investigating how climate change influences trade (volumes, values, and patterns) and how trade policies are evolving and are likely to evolve due to climate change. The research will focus on the effects of climate change on trade and trade policies. More precisely, the project intends to achieve the following two goals: (i) analyse the links between, trade and climate change, and quantify the impacts; (ii) investigate the path dependencies in trade, trade regulations and climate change, so to evaluate co-benefits and side-effects of seemingly unrelated policies on climate change and trade.
The methodological approach that I will follow stands out against previously adopted methods. I propose an econometric analysis to investigate the links between climate change, trade and policies, and a multidiscplinary approach to better model and interpret these links.
Finishing leather with biopolymers added with nanocomponents

The goal of FILE.BIO project is to reduce the negative effects on the environment that derive from industrial finishing operations on leather, which constitute one of the most polluting industrial processes in the leather production cycle. This
result will be obtained by developing a totally new family of supplementary products that are specifically designed for finishing. The products will contain naturally-derived polymers (biopolymers) instead of synthetic compounds (derived from
petroleum), which are known for their great environmental impact. In particular, we will develop new biopolymer resins that replace the synthetic compounds currently used by tanners.
In order to obtain better performance than what is currently possible with synthetic polyurethane compounds treated with other materials, we will use specific nano-materials for improving the mechanical and hydrophobic properties that the new finishing products impart to treated leather.
Another important effect of our project will be a major improvement in work conditions at the factories where leather is finished.
The goal of our project is to replace 30% of the presently petroleum based substances (approx. 10,000 tons) with chemicals of natural origin that have a low environmental impact and can improve the properties of the leather. 1.5 tons of petroleum are required for producing one ton of synthetic resins: our project will thus have the effect of reducing the consumption of petroleum in Europe by around 15 thousand tons.
Overall, our project will have the potential of the following environmental benefits on the European level:
1) up to a 30% decrease (equivalent to 10 thousand-ton) in the amount of synthetic, potentially pollution substances used in the tanning processes;
2) up to a 30% reduction (equivalent to 15 thousand-ton) in petroleum consumption, in the tanning process;
3) a significant improvement in the work environment of approx. 35,000 persons.
Acl reconstruction - it's all about timing.

Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most common ligamentous injury, ranging from up to 200,000 injuries per year in the United States. Sports such as soccer, football, and skiing have been reported to be high-risk sports that can cause injury to the ACL when compared to other sport activities. Due to the high incidence of ACL injuries, approximately 100,000 ACL reconstructions are performed each year. Although conservative treatment can potentially be successful in the appropriate population, patients with goals of returning to high levels of sport activity may not be successful with conservative treatment. Even though reconstruction is the most common treatment for ACL rupture, there remains debate in the literature regarding the optimal timing of surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this clinical commentary is to review the available evidence to provide insight into the optimal timing of ACL reconstruction.