SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of nitrogen amendments and ethylene on atmospheric methane uptake under a temperate old-growth forest

An increase in atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can promote soil acidification, which may increase the release of ethylene (C2H4) under forest floors. Unfortunately, knowledge of whether increasing N deposition and C2H4 releases have synergistic effects on soil methane (CH4) uptake is limited and certainly deserves to be examined. We conducted some field measurements and laboratory experiments to examine this issue. The addition of (NH4)2SO4 or NH4Cl at a rate of 45 kg N ha−1 yr−1 reduced the soil CH4 uptake under a temperate old-growth forest in northeast China, and there were synergistic effects of N amendments in the presence of C2H4 concentrations equal to atmospheric CH4 concentration on the soil CH4 uptake, particularly in the NH4Cl-treated plots. Effective concentrations of added C2H4 on the soil CH4 uptake were smaller in NH +4 -treated plots than in KNO3-treated plots. The concentration of ca 0.3 µl C2H4 L−1 in the headspace gases reduced by 20% soil atmospheric CH4 uptake in the NH4Cl-treated plots, and this concentration was easily produced in temperate forest topsoils under short-term anoxic conditions. Together with short-term stimulating effects of N amendments and soil acidification on C2H4 production from forest soils, our observations suggest that knowledge of synergistic effects of NH +4 , rather than NO −3 , amendments and C2H4 on the in situ soil CH4 uptake is critical for understanding the role of atmospheric N deposition and cycling of C2H4 under forest floors in reducing global atmospheric CH4 uptake by forests. Synergistic functions of NH +4 -N deposition and C2H4 release due to soil acidification in reducing atmospheric CH4 uptake by forests are discussed.
Comprehensive Temperature Excursion Management Program for the Commercial Distribution of Biopharmaceutical Drug Products

Biopharmaceutical drug products may be exposed to temperatures outside of the intended storage temperature range (typically 2-8°C) during commercial distribution due to uncontrolled variables and unexpected events. Pharmaceutical companies are expected to ensure that product quality and stability are not negatively impacted by temperature excursions defined as being acceptable for the product. It is imperative that all firms involved in the distribution understand key elements of the temperature excursion management program in place to overcome the challenges of global distribution and comply with regulatory requirements. Proactive implementation of a comprehensive temperature excursion management program is expected to help achieve successful commercial distribution. In this article, important aspects related to the key elements of a comprehensive temperature excursion management program are summarized, including standard stability testing, regulatory expectations related to the justification of temperature excursions, thermal cycling studies to assess and support potential temperature excursions (including how/when thermal cycling study data is used to support temperature excursions), good distribution practices to minimize temperature excursions and use of theoretical methods/mathematical simulation models to assess temperature excursions. A comprehensive temperature excursion management program is expected to ensure product quality and help minimize, assess, and justify temperature excursions more efficiently, ensure regulatory compliance and avoid business impact caused by the loss of products or inadequate supply.
SAFETY SYSTEM

A safety system including an event sensor (6), a source (7) of non-toxic and non-flammable alarm gas, and control means to release the alarm gas in response to a signal received from the event sensor (6) in response to the occurrence of a predeterminable event (8). The invention also discloses a method for operating a safety system in an underground mine (1).
Antonio T. REGUERA RODRÍGUEZ, «Viajes, discursos y mapas. Estudios sobre la obra geográfica de Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos», Berlín, Peter Lang, 2020, 538 págs.

Sin resumen.
Research and implementation of position and tracking system

As an important branch and the foundation in the field of computer vision, mobile objects detection technology have already been widely applied in industry, medical care, aerospace, military fields and so on, and becomes a hot spot in the research field of computer vision. This paper is based on the current research achievements, and makes a deep analysis detection of moving objects under the static scene. This paper makes researches on removing specific noise in digital images, correct identification and segmentation for the moving targets and real-time requirements. And with OpenCV1.0 and under the programming environment of visual C++ 6.0, moving object detection algorithms are implemented. Finally, the position and tracking system with good real-time performance is finished.
METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR MAPPING LOGICAL IDENTIFIERS TO PHYSICAL IDENTIFIERS IN CONFIGURATION DATA OF A RECONFIGURABLE DEVICE

Reconfigurable circuits with configuration data loaders are described herein. The configuration data loaders are adapted to enable on circuit finalization of configuration data provided in symbolic form, not fully resolved.
Syn-deformational anatexis along the Santa Rosa river section, Argentina: Feedback relations between deformation, metamorphism and melt extraction

Mass transference from lower to upper crustal levels requires an efficient network of pathways that act as channels for draining melts from the source and transferring magmas through the crust. We report on a mid-crustal section in the Santa Rosa river from the Eastern Pampean Ranges that underwent partial melting under active deformation. The study focuses on the feedback relations between structural features and the position and shape of leucosomes that record the remnant magma network in both metasedimentary and meta-igneous rocks. A complete range of migmatites encompassing from patch to stromatic metatexite to schollen-schlieren and nebulitic diatexite formed during a single high-grade metamorphic event that postdated a previous sub-solid evolution. The diversity in migmatites structures suggests that the layered sequence behaved heterogeneously under a non-coaxial deformational regime of progressive deformation. The relationships between migmatitic structures and the progressive production of melts resulted in feedback relations that persisted as a time-marker during the Pampean event. U-Pb dating of leucogranitic zircons allows constraining the time of melt generation and segregation to the lower Cambrian (534-520 Ma). Migmatites in the lower crust of the Pampean orogen acted as channels of melt migration towards upper crustal levels. • Non-coaxial Pampean deformation and its relationships with migmatitic structures. • A melt transference zone documented from a middle crustal ancient accretionary orogen. • Geochronology shows that syn-deformational migmatites generated during lower Cambrian. • Axial-plane leucosomes work out as melt-removal paths towards upper crustal levels.
Fertigation techniques for use with multiple hydrozones in simultaneous operation

Site-specific delivery of fertilizer is a useful tool to address differences in crop need. Modern systems with wirelessly networked sensors and valves allow multiple hydrozones to be created more easily than traditional wired systems. This allows irrigation and fertigation rates to be varied across small portions of a field. However, fertigation to multiple hydrozones with different fertilizer requirements may be complex if each zone cannot be fertigated in an independent set. Instead, it might be necessary to operate several fertigation zones simultaneously. This raises a concern over the ability to deliver fertilizer uniformly within each zone. Four fertigation strategies were tested. The conventional method was to fertigate multiple hydrozones at different times. Three site-specific strategies were considered, involving overlapping fertigation phases in multiple hydrozones. Fertilizer distribution uniformity tests were conducted with a 64-emitter drip line to determine which strategy gave the most uniform distribution of fertilizer within a hydrozone. All fertigation techniques performed well, with fertilizer distribution uniformities between 0.88 and 0.96. Selection of the optimum site-specific fertigation strategy will depend on crop needs, scheduling limitations, and system design parameters such as emitter type, fluid travel time, and slope. Similar to conventional fertigation, the main factor in fertilizer distribution uniformity for this study was drip emitter variability. In the presence of sloped terrain, the site-specific control strategy that involved a delay between fertilizer injection and flushing had the least uniform fertilizer application.
Single-Cell spatiotemporal analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis responses to antibiotics within host microenvironments

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is an intracellular pathogen that killed 1.6 million people in 2017. Despite its enormous relevance for TB treatment, how intracellular environments affect the response of Mtb to antibiotics remain poorly characterised. This gap in knowledge is mainly due to the lack of appropriate technologies that have precluded comprehensive understanding of the response of intracellular pathogens to antibiotics, critical to design rational interventions. 

Here, I propose to use cutting-edge imaging approaches to define: (i) Mtb responses towards specific host-subcellular microenvironments by single-cell live long-term imaging in infected human stem cell-derived macrophages (iPSDM); (ii) the dynamics of antibiotic-mediated killing mechanisms using mycobacterial fluorescent reporters and high resolution correlative microscopy and (iii) the spatial and metabolic features of the Mtb response to antibiotics in vivo using a TB mouse model.

For this, I will capitalise on technologies developed in the host group to quantify Mtb localisation and replication at the single-cell level combined with correlative electron microscopy (CLEM and CLEIM) approaches. This project will challenge the current limits of high content imaging by combining iPSDM with micro-patterning technologies for single-cell analysis. This will allow the identification of Mtb responses to antibiotics in host cells and how different intracellular microenvironments impact this process in cellulo and in vivo. 

Together, this proposal has the potential to uncover novel mechanisms of action of antibiotics in human macrophages, opening new avenues for a deeper understanding of human TB treatment and facilitate the discovery of new antibiotics.
Comments on "A New Feedforward Hybrid ANC System" - An addendum

The authors of the original article [ibid, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 591-594, 2011] have submitted the Matlab code they used in their simulations. In their reply they insist that the traditional, broadband ANC system may become awkward and its performance 'may degrade' seriously when the reference and primary noise signals contain both low-frequency sinusoid and wideband noise component and its convergence is made relatively fast. The awkwardness is expressed by the existence of the firework noise. In this comment the author does not question the possibility of the firework noise to appear in the output signal. He provides a proof that the reason the original authors give for the fireworks is wrong, and that the performance degradation was to be expected.
Improvements in or relating to Lathes.

116,174. Drummond, A. June 26, 1917. Disk apparatus.-Consists in a lathe or grinding- machine in which the work is carried between centres in a cylindrical or semi-cylindrical body, which is traversed by a lead-screw in a corresponding casing forming a part of the machine framing so that the work is carried past a fixed tool or grinding disk or wheel mounted in a cross-slide on the machine framing, the cylindrical body and casing being gapped in front to accommodate the tool and allow of the introduction of the work. Fig. 1 shows a lathe, in which the body B is cylindrical and is traversed in the corresponding casing A, both being open in front at b<1>. The mandrel C is rotated by worm gear and has at its rear end a lead-screw E working in a nut F, which may be fixed or may be capable of slight rotary movement to compensate for known defects in the screw. Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the machine, in which the body B is semi-cylindrical and is secured by front-plates K moving with a slight clearance k<1> on guide flanges a<6> on the casing and held by bars k<4> at the top secured by bolts and springs k<2>. As shown in Fig. 1, a fixed tool d is carried in a cross-slide provided with micrometer adjustment, but in place of the fixed tool a grinding wheel or disk may be mounted, driven by any convenient means. The machines are shown as driven by automatic-stop reversing-gear.
Importance of local knowledge in plant resources management and conservation in two protected areas from Trás-os-Montes, Portugal

Many European protected areas were legally created to preserve and maintain biological diversity, unique natural features and associated cultural heritage. Built over centuries as a result of geographical and historical factors interacting with human activity, these territories are reservoirs of resources, practices and knowledge that have been the essential basis of their creation. Under social and economical transformations several components of such areas tend to be affected and their protection status endangered.Carrying out ethnobotanical surveys and extensive field work using anthropological methodologies, particularly with key-informants, we report changes observed and perceived in two natural parks in Trás-os-Montes, Portugal, that affect local plant-use systems and consequently local knowledge. By means of informants' testimonies and of our own observation and experience we discuss the importance of local knowledge and of local communities' participation to protected areas design, management and maintenance. We confirm that local knowledge provides new insights and opportunities for sustainable and multipurpose use of resources and offers contemporary strategies for preserving cultural and ecological diversity, which are the main purposes and challenges of protected areas. To be successful it is absolutely necessary to make people active participants, not simply integrate and validate their knowledge and expertise. Local knowledge is also an interesting tool for educational and promotional programs.
Regressive approach for predicting bearing capacity of bored piles from cone penetration test data

Abstract In this study, the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm was applied to predicting the bearing capacity of bored piles embedded in sand and mixed soils. Pile geometry and cone penetration test (CPT) results were used as input variables for prediction of pile bearing capacity. The data used were collected from the existing literature and consisted of 50 case records. The application of LSSVM was carried out by dividing the data into three sets: a training set for learning the problem and obtaining a relationship between input variables and pile bearing capacity, and testing and validation sets for evaluation of the predictive and generalization ability of the obtained relationship. The predictions of pile bearing capacity by LSSVM were evaluated by comparing with experimental data and with those by traditional CPT-based methods and the gene expression programming (GEP) model. It was found that the LSSVM performs well with coefficient of determination, mean, and standard deviation equivalent to 0.99, 1.03, and 0.08, respectively, for the testing set, and 1, 1.04, and 0.11, respectively, for the validation set. The low values of the calculated mean squared error and mean absolute error indicated that the LSSVM was accurate in predicting the pile bearing capacity. The results of comparison also showed that the proposed algorithm predicted the pile bearing capacity more accurately than the traditional methods including the GEP model.
Microcontroller Based Implementation of an Integrated Navigation System for Ground Vehicles

Integration of low-cost inertial sensors with global position system is commonly used approach to increase the reliability and accuracy of navigation. Such systems are widely used in vehicle navigation and tracking systems. Integration of inertial navigation system and global positioning system (INS/GPS) is followed by the implementation of the Extended Kalman filter (EKF) for the purpose of optimal error estimation. The essence of integration lies in the fact that errors of each system are mutually uncorrelated. GPS data are the main source of information. In cases when GPS data are not available, INS data together with the EKF estimation are used. The main INS disadvantage is that it provides precise data only in short period of time. The EKF algorithm is implemented on the “mbed” microcontroller module and for purposes of communication with microcontroller, the user application is written. Original data have been collected during the real drive, while the intervals of GPS absence are simulated. The results obtained by simulation and practical implementation are presented in this paper.
A far-red fluorescent probe for flow cytometry and image-based functional studies of xenobiotic sequestering macrophages

Clofazimine (CFZ) is an optically active, red-colored chemotherapeutic agent that is FDA approved for the treatment of leprosy and is on the World Health Organization's list of essential medications. Interestingly, CFZ massively accumulates in macrophages where it forms crystal-like drug inclusions (CLDIs) after oral administration of the drug in animals and humans. The analysis of the fluorescence spectra of CLDIs formed by resident tissue macrophages revealed that CFZ, when accumulated as CLDIs, undergoes a red shift in fluorescence excitation (from Ex: 540-570 to 560-600 nm) and emission (Em: 560-580 to 640-700 nm) signal relative to the soluble and free-base crystal forms of CFZ. Using epifluorescence microscopy, CLDI(+) cells could be identified, relative to CLDI(-) cells, based on a >3-fold increment in mean fluorescence signal at excitation 640 nm and emission at 670 nm. Similarly, CLDI(+) cells could be identified by flow cytometry, based on a >100-fold increment in mean fluorescence signal using excitation lasers at 640 nm and emission detectors >600 nm. CLDI's fluorescence excitation and emission was orthogonal to that of cell viability dyes such as propidium iodide and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI), cellular staining dyes such as Hoechst 33342 (nucleus) and FM 1-43 (plasma membrane), as well as many other fluorescently tagged antibodies used for immunophenotyping analyses. In vivo, >85% of CLDI(+) cells in the peritoneal exudate were F4/80(+) macrophages and >97% of CLDI(+) cells in the alveolar exudate were CD11c(+). Most importantly, the viability of cells was minimally affected by the presence of CLDIs. Accordingly, these results establish that CFZ fluorescence in CLDIs is suitable for quantitative flow cytometric phenotyping analysis and functional studies of xenobiotic sequestering macrophages.
PORTABLE FUEL CELL POWER SUPPLY

A portable proton exchange membrane fuel cell power supply system has a high pressure hydrogen gas supply that is provided from hydrogen storage cylinders that are enclosed in a case that has through holes for ventilation to prevent hydrogen gas concentrations from reaching explosive levels. Enclosed in a second case are a fuel cell stack, control unit, variable speed air compressor and power inverter. The cases incorporate lightweight, high-strength non-metallic materials and foam insulation to render the contents shock resistant. In operation a hydrogen gas connection line is made to extend between the hydrogen cylinders and the fuel cell that is connected through quick disconnect valves. The compressor is also connected to the fuel cell through a quick disconnect valve. Start up of the fuel cell is accomplished with a battery supplying power to the compressor while hydrogen gas is supplied at the same time.
Nerve-On-Chips

Neurodegenerative diseases (“ND”) are devastating as they cause individuals to lose their memories, independence, and ultimately, their lives. In the absence of drugs able to cureor prevent start of ND, the latter are a human and financial burden for individual patients, their relativesthe health care system and society in general. The worldwide economic impact of ND is evaluated at $2 trillion a year. The incidence of ND is expected to grow in the coming few years as life expectancy increases. In 2020, over 65 million people will suffer from Alzheimer Disease worldwide (over 6.5 million in the EU).

MicroBrain Biotech is an innovative biotech startup founded in 2014. MBBT aims at offering “turn-key solutions” to biopharmaceutical research which will take the shape of microfluidic chips offering different types of reconstructed neuron networks at the micron scale. These chips are called Nerve-on-Chips (“NoC”, subcategory of Organ-on-Chips), and they simulate the function of tissues and organ subunits. Our patented NOC technology provides many advantages over other in vitro models such as conventional two-dimensional (2D) and tri-dimensional (3D) culture systems, over organoids, and over animal models:
-    Reduce biopharmaceutical R&D costs and increased efficiency in clinical research (improved competitiveness)
-    Reduce animal testing
-    Predicting human-relevant drug responses
-    Compatibility with readouts used in biology & real time visualization
-    Reconstitution of complex organ-level physiological functions

NOC will allow to reduce drug R&D costs by 15% which will generate a total turnover worth €30 million. MBBT’s objective is to reach a €2 million worth turnover (i.e.: 8% OOC market share) within the 3 next years. The feasibility study will allow us to ensure IP policy (improvement patent, purchase of licenses) while assessing the market (supply chain, drug agencies, competitors, clients…) and validating the technological and biological approach.
Expression and Function of Ephrin-B1 and Its Cognate Receptor EphB2 in Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

We examined the expression of ephrin-B1 and its cognate receptor EphB2, key regulators of angiogenesis and embryogenesis, in human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and analyzed their functional roles in cell migration. From 10 patients (9 males and 1 female; age, 68.5 ± 2.4) who underwent vascular surgery for AAA, we obtained AAA and adjacent control tissues. Using real-time RT-PCR, we analyzed expression of ephrin-B1 and EphB2. We also histologically localized these molecules in AAA tissues. Finally, effects of ephrin-B1 and EphB2 on inflammatory cell chemotaxis were examined by cell migration assay. Expression levels of ephrin-B1 (0.410 ± 0.046 versus 1.198 ± 0.252, P = 0.027) and EphB2 (0.764 ± 0.212 versus 1.272 ± 0.137, P = 0.594) were higher in AAA than normal control. Both ephrin-B1 and EphB2 were expressed in macrophages, T lymphocytes, and endothelial cells within AAA. In chemotaxis assay, ephrin-B1 and EphB2 inhibited mononuclear-cell chemotaxis induced by stromal derived factor-1 down to 54.7 ± 12.7% (P = 0.01) and 50.7 ± 13.1% (P = 0.01), respectively. These data suggest that ephrin-B1 and EphB2 might be functional in human adult inflammatory cells and involved in the pathogenesis of AAA, although specific roles of these molecules should further be sought.