SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la enseñanza de los procesos geológicos externos en la educación secundaria obligatoria del País Vasco

Los expertos han constatado una pérdida de interés hacia la geología de la población en general que podría estar relacionada con su exclusión progresiva en el currículo básico en la educación obligatoria. Sin embargo, es necesario que el alumnado que finaliza la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) adquiera una correcta alfabetización en Ciencias de la Tierra, en la que entender los procesos geológicos externos y su acción en el relieve es un contenido clave. Este estudio ha evaluado qué procesos geológicos externos se enseñan en la ESO de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco, mediante el análisis de los libros de texto más utilizados y la realización de cuestionarios al profesorado. Ambas fuentes revelan que el estado actual de su enseñanza muestra deficiencias y necesita mejoras, tales como dedicarle el tiempo y espacio que le corresponde o mejorar la calidad de los textos empleados. Palabras clave: Geología, Procesos geológicos externos, Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, Libros de texto, Docentes. Analysis of teaching external geological processes in the compulsory secondary school of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country Abstract: Experts have noted that the interest of the general population in geology has decreased. This seems to be related to an exclusion of geology from compulsory education curriculum. However, it is mandatory that the students who complete compulsory secondary school acquire a correct literacy in Earth Sciences, in which understanding external geological processes and their action on the relief is a key content. Our study has evaluated which external geological processes are taught in the compulsory secondary school of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. To this end, the most commonly used textbooks were analyzed and teachers were asked to fill out questionnaires. Both sources reveal that the current teaching of this unit shows deficiencies and, consequently, needs improvement in both the quality of the texts used and in the time and space devoted to this unit. Keywords: Geology, Geomorphology, Secondary school, Text books, Teachers.
Breaking new ground for soil restoration: function and fate of core beneficial microbial consortium coated by pyrogenic carbon

One of the most challenging tasks in ecology is to reclaim landscapes being disturbed by anthropogenic activities. Many human endeavours have been put forth for improving microbial activities and their structures, soil organic carbon level and plant reestablishment after depleting the top earth. Global use of pyrogenic carbon shows promising prospect on C sequestration and soil restoration, but there is a noticeable delayed advancement in improving its benefits. In accordance to UN Climate Smart Agriculture and UN Sustainable Development Goals, this project will seek a novel strategy for soil restoration by using pyrogenic carbon and core microbial communities (CBMs), to gain multiple benefits including aspects of waste management, C sequestration and plant regeneration. The project will make use of unique habitats for CBMs selection at both a long-term natural successional post mining site and a well-recorded reclaimed meadow in Czech Republic, Central Europe. The main objective of this project is to assess if pyrogenic carbon could ensure the function of CBMs during their transplantations from donor to recipient soils: 1) disentangle the ‘refuge’ effect of pyrogenic carbon on CBMs from macro-fauna by isotopic analysis, and microbial oxidation effect on pore structures and hydrophobicity of pyrogenic carbon, and 2) clarify the compositions of CBMs and their functions to responsive plant species in undeveloped soils. The transfer of knowledge between the host institution and the candidate will pave a solid way for the researcher’s scientific career, and future collaborations between the researcher, the host and the secondment are foreseen. Altogether, this project will provide a promising potential to increase the competitiveness of EU in using bio-wastes and soil inoculants for circular economy by bridging in waste management and soil restoration.
Ept - electronic procedure trainer for aviation pilots and cabin crew

Aviation as safe mass transportation system is taken for granted today. The aviation industry has a short but impressive history; from first flight in 1904 until the modern industry, with safe, comfortable and on schedule flights, the development has been high. Because of the high accident rate in the early years of aviation, safety has always been the highest priority for all stakeholders involved. Training has been an essential part of the work to improve safety and there are key statements used all over the industry. “Train as you fly” basically means that training is trying to simulate the real world as much as possible. 

The industry has focused on developing simulators to as close to the real aircraft as possible, with the result that the price of simulation training is very high. Prior to simulator training, procedure training is today performed in classroom sessions, from reading books and manuals, and by using paper mockups of the cockpit/cabin.

Today there is a gap between the very advanced and very expensive simulator sessions and the lower tech but resource demanding preparations. We propose a solution in-between todays training and simulation steps, which can not only reduce the need of the most advanced form of simulation, but also make preparatory training more efficient. Our ePT solution is less advanced than the simulators but much more advanced and using up to date technologies compared with current training solutions. 

We are augmenting 360° views of the real cockpit/cabin/equipment, captured using VR principles, which creates a more realistic experience. With this approach, we are changing the current training paradigms and will be essential for the student’s motivation and for improving the learning process. Moreover, users will no longer need to be at training facilities, but can train anywhere anytime. Airline companies will have economic benefits from less use of expensive simulator rental and less crew failing their biannual checks.
Collaborative management platform for detection and analyses of (re-)emerging and foodborne outbreaks in europe

COMPARE aims to harness the rapid advances in molecular technology to improve identification and mitigation of emerging infectious diseases and foodborne outbreaks. To this purpose COMPARE will establish a “One serves all” analytical framework and data exchange platform that will allow real time analysis and interpretation of sequence-based pathogen data in combination with associated data (e.g. clinical, epidemiological data) in an integrated inter-sectorial, interdisciplinary, international, “one health” approach. 
The framework will link research, clinical and public health organisations  active in human health,  animal health, and food safety  in Europe and beyond, to develop (i) integrated risk assessment and risk based collection of samples and data, (ii) harmonised workflows for generating comparable sequence and associated data, (iii) state-of-the-art analytical workflows and tools for generating actionable information for support of patient diagnosis, treatment, outbreak detection and -investigation and (iv) risk communication tools. 

The analytical workflows will be linked to a flexible, scalable and open-source data- and information platform supporting rapid sharing, interrogation and analysis of sequence-based pathogen data in combination with other associated data. The system will be linked to existing and future complementary systems, networks and databases such as those used by ECDC, NCBI and EFSA. The functionalities of the system will be tested and fine tuned through underpinning research studies on priority pathogens covering healthcare-associated infections, food-borne disease, and (zoonotic) (re-) emerging diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential. Throughout the project, extensive consultations with future users, studies into the barriers to open data sharing, dissemination and training activities and studies on the cost-effectiveness of the system will support future sustainable user uptake.
The civic realm in Bali: a case study of ritual traditions in the Littoral regions

This thesis investigates the civic life of a Balinese community in the
context of ritual activities and traditions taking place in a coastal village,
tracing relationships between ritual itinerary and topography, and
highlighting the tensions and conflicts that have emerged between these
ritual practices and recent developments in tourism. In the context of the
littoral regions of Bali, the concept of the civic realm serves as a broad
framework of the research which focuses on the village of Kuta. The
choice of Kuta Village for this investigation was based on the following
criteria: 1. the historical importance of the village, 2. its significance as a
known tourist destination, and 3. its urban/coastal complexity. In order to
address the relationships between these three criteria, the research
adopted a mixed method approach, incorporating a range of quantitative
and qualitative material. Participants in the research project are all, in
various ways, stakeholders in the future of Kuta Village who are involved
in the usage, monitoring and management of the beaches, including
environmentalists.


From the perspective of an outsider visiting Kuta Village, there seems to
be little evidence of conflict between the local community’s ritual traditions
and tourist activities in both the village and on the beaches. However,
underlying this apparent tranquillity a rather different situation emerges,
which concerns the sometimes conflicting interests of three parties; hotel
companies, the community of environmental supporters, and the
government. This conflict, which is manifested in disputes over claims of
territorial ownership and control, is in danger of leading to long term
negative impacts on the social life and beach environment. Furthermore,
initial investigations of the key issues, arising from this conflict, suggests
that a significant part of the problem is due to a combination of unplanned
tourist development, weak management, ineffective law enforcement and
the effect of beach erosion. Due to these negative impacts, and their
implications on the civic life of the community, this thesis aims to initiate
discussions for a revised planning and design strategy for Kuta Village in
order to achieve a more balanced relationship among ecological needs,
custody of the civic realm and a sustained development in tourism. Such a
strategy aims, ultimately, to improve understanding of the key challenges
facing the town for benefit of practitioners, planners, government bodies
and academia.
Multicultural journalism

An assessment of the needs carried out by the project partners in the Italy-Slovenia border area indicated that greater educational and cultural emphasis should be placed on information. In this sense, the media companies present in the area (press, radio, television) require qualified personnel ready to grasp the new multicultural dimension characterising the border area between Italy and Slovenia, who could adequately accompany the development of the new border culture through the dissemination of accurate and exhaustive information. In this context the journalist represents a key figure: from radio and television news to press agencies, from external relations departments in large companies or institutions to internet portals, it is the journalist who proposes and builds on the news, starting from the “raw material”, namely information. The course proposed here, that envisages both classroom activities and an internship period, is structured into several didactic modules on society and the right to information, the language of the press and multimedia, interviewing and inter-personal techniques, communication in a multicultural and multilingual context - precisely like the Italian- Slovenian one. The objective of the project is the training of journalists, viewed as professionals who are fully aware of the political, social and cultural scenario of the border, who are able to move swiftly in this context and also to play an important role in the creation of a new European identity and a shared cross-border culture.
Atmospheric boundary layer structures associated with the Ora del Garda wind in the Alps as revealed from airborne and surface measurements

Abstract The paper investigates a coupled lake-breeze and valley-wind system, known as Ora del Garda. The latter typically originates on clear-sky days over the northern shore of Lake Garda in the Alps. After channelling into the nearby Sarca Valley and Lakes Valley, this airflow finally breaks out, through an elevated saddle, into the adjacent Adige Valley, where it strongly interacts with the local valley wind. Two flights of an instrumented motorglider explored, under different synoptic conditions, the thermal structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) associated with this wind at selected vertical sections—namely over the lake shore, at mid-valley, and at the junction with the Adige Valley. Data from airborne measurements, as well as from weather stations disseminated along the valley floor, provided the basis for mapping 3D fields of potential temperature over high-resolution grids by means of a Residual Kriging (RK) technique. This representation allowed the identification of site-specific ABL features associated with the Ora del Garda. In particular, a typical daytime coastal-breeze structure is detected in the lake shore region, where the advection of colder air tends to stabilize the atmosphere throughout the ABL depth. Mid-valley vertical profiles from both flights display shallow convective mixed layers, surmounted by deeper weakly stable layers. On the other hand, RK-gridded temperature maps show cross-valley thermal asymmetries, amenable to the complex topography and to the inhomogeneous surface coverage, as well as to a curvature of the valley axis. Finally, in the area where the upper Lakes Valley joins the Adige Valley, specific features associated with the complex interaction between the Ora del Garda and the local up-valley wind are found.
Symbolic computation of boundary unsafe states in complex resource allocation systems using partitioning techniques

In some recent work, we proposed a binary decision diagram (BDD-) based approach for the development of the maximally permissive deadlock avoidance policy (DAP) for complex resource allocation systems (RAS), that is based on the identification and the explicit storage of a set of critical states in the underlying RAS state-space. The work presented in this paper seeks to extend the applicability of the aforementioned results by coupling them with a partitioning technique for the more efficient storage and processing of the BDD that encodes the underlying state space. The reported numerical experimentation demonstrates the increased efficiency of the new algorithm w.r.t. its space and time complexity, compared to the previous method that uses a more monolithic representation of the RAS state-space. The last part of the paper also discusses some further potential advantages of the presented method, including its amenability to a parallelized implementation and its ability to cope effectively and efficiently with uncontrollable behavior.
Fluorose Dentária em Escolares aos 12 anos de Idade, no município de Lauro de Freitas, na Região Metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

A adição de flúor na água de abastecimento público e o heterocontrole têm sido consideradas medidas de promoção da saúde bucal e de prevenção da cárie dentária em diversos países, contudo devem ser acompanhadas da vigilância em saúde da prevalência e severidade da fluorose dentária e da cárie dentária. Neste âmbito, esta pesquisa almeja investigar a prevalência e a severidade da fluorose dentária em escolares residentes no município de Lauro de Freitas, na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS), Bahia, Brasil. Adotou-se uma abordagem metodológica que abrangeu o estudo transversal da prevalência e severidade da fluorose dentária de 680 escolares aos 12 anos de idade (Índice de Dean) no município de Lauro de Freitas. Obteve-se uma proporção da prevalência da fluorose dentária de 34%, com 32,5% dos casos distribuídos nos graus muito leve a leve e 1,5% dos casos diagnosticados pertenceram ao grau moderado de severidade. Este perfil da fluorose foi considerado similar ao perfil observado em estudos anteriores na RMS, ou de áreas não endêmicas de fluorose, sendo, ademais, compatível ao uso de um nível seguro do fluoreto na água de abastecimento público. Demanda-se pela efetividade da vigilância em saúde da fluorose dentária e a formação de profissionais que compreendam o ambiente em suas relações com a saúde e com a sociedade.
Study of accurate ocean-altimetry with GNSS-R

The paper explored a method to obtain accurate lake surface heights using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Coarse/Acquisition Code (C/A)reflected from the ocean surface. The method is referred to as Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflection (GNSS-R) (C/A) code altimetry. It focuses on the extraction of the delay between the direct and reflected signal and inverting ocean altimetry with the delay and the geometric relationship. The ocean altimetry results are consistent with the height results of the differential positioning analysis of the data collected by a handheld GIS. The results show that we can achieve meter level height in seven minutes average.
A saturated map of common genetic variants associated with human height

Common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are predicted to collectively explain 40-50% of phenotypic variation in human height, but identifying the specific variants and associated regions requires huge sample sizes1. Here, using data from a genome-wide association study of 5.4 million individuals of diverse ancestries, we show that 12,111 independent SNPs that are significantly associated with height account for nearly all of the common SNP-based heritability. These SNPs are clustered within 7,209 non-overlapping genomic segments with a mean size of around 90 kb, covering about 21% of the genome. The density of independent associations varies across the genome and the regions of increased density are enriched for biologically relevant genes. In out-of-sample estimation and prediction, the 12,111 SNPs (or all SNPs in the HapMap 3 panel2) account for 40% (45%) of phenotypic variance in populations of European ancestry but only around 10-20% (14-24%) in populations of other ancestries. Effect sizes, associated regions and gene prioritization are similar across ancestries, indicating that reduced prediction accuracy is likely to be explained by linkage disequilibrium and differences in allele frequency within associated regions. Finally, we show that the relevant biological pathways are detectable with smaller sample sizes than are needed to implicate causal genes and variants. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive map of specific genomic regions that contain the vast majority of common height-associated variants. Although this map is saturated for populations of European ancestry, further research is needed to achieve equivalent saturation in other ancestries.
Geodynamics of the central mediterranean: a multidisciplinary investigation of the sicily channel region

The objective of this research proposal is to understand the evolution of plate margins when multiple tectonic processes (e.g. plate convergence, subduction, and backarc extension) interact within a small area (e.g. the Calabrian arc in the Central Mediterranean). These margins are prone to catastrophic earthquakes, tsunami and volcanic eruptions, and are all linked to long-term dynamic tectonic processes. Various models explain the evolution of these plate margins, however, lack detail on the extension and rifting that takes place along the arcs. The earthquakes in these areas have a strong dependence on their location along the arc, and hence in any effort aimed at mitigating seismic risk, it is crucial to have a complete understanding of how plate tectonics work when multiple tectonic processes act.

We propose a multidisciplinary geophysical and geodynamic investigation of seismic data with additional physical constraints and analogue modelling to improve our understanding on this important aspect of plate tectonics. This will be accomplished by studying the Calabrian Arc, with a special attention on the Sicily Channel Rift Zone. We will incorporate the results into a regional analogue model to understand the nature and role of these processes, which can then be exported for studying other regions. This will allow us to characterise the evolution of plate margins along backarc systems in unprecedented detail, and to investigate the link between plate convergence, subduction, and backarc extension with the tectonics along and at the front of the arc, thus providing a new insight on the evolution of our planet.

The study will ultimately contribute to the mitigation of seismic risk by improving the seismic hazard assessment of the countries affected. Some of these places are highly inhabited areas, home to millions of citizens, a destination to millions of tourists, and have strong commercial activity off shore.
Il ruolo dei ‘saraceni’ nel consolidamento di un senso della nazione nell’Inghilterra del XIV secolo

The aim of this essay is to illuminate an often ignored aspect whenever one talks about the factors contributing to the strengthening of a sense of nation in England in the period following the Norman conquest, namely the role played by the mythical figure of the ‘saracen’. This is a cultural fabrication denoting the Muslim (but bearing very little or no resemblance with the real historical one) which is present in a great variety of texts, particularly in Middle English romances. The article intends to contribute to an academic project of a ‘postcolonial’ kind which only recently got underway: to ascertain the role played by Islam and the Islamic world in European and global history, exposing what official, Eurocentric historiography (and on its trail literary criticism) had usually withheld or elided, deconstructing its truisms, unmasking myths and stereotypes, and decentring its narrative.