SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
BRAKE-SHOE LINING FOR DISK BRAKE

FIELD: transport. ^ SUBSTANCE: brake-shoe lining comprises molded base with friction coat secured thereon. Brake-shoe lining base is flat and comprises protruding elements of kinematic closure surrounded by friction coat. Some elements of kinematic closure are surrounded by adjoining recess of the base on their some sections. ^ EFFECT: reliable joint between friction coat and base. ^ 9 cl, 4 dwg
Integrated support of open innovation professionalization initiative

Current research and practice on Open Innovation (OI) has not given emphasis on the ability of SMEs to develop and implement OI strategies - the lessons learned from large firms are not readily transferable to their context. INSPIRE aims to thoroughly investigate how OI is managed and organised in SMEs in order to leverage and expand the existing scattered initiatives and professionalize their services. The project seeks to understand in depth good practices of OI in SMEs across Europe, including the barriers they experience, the critical success factors and the open innovation ‘pathways’ they follow. Good practices will be identified in all varieties of SMEs in terms of economic context, innovation trajectory (e.g. both high-tech and low-tech SMEs) and stage of lifetime. The understanding of good practices will allow the design, development and validation of an Integrated Toolbox for OI in SMEs to enable the professional management of OI by SMEs in various kinds of open innovation initiatives (e.g. facilitated by large corporations, private-public partnerships). The Toolbox will include good practices, indicators and management modules to support the internal innovation activities of an SME and their interaction with OI partners. The Toolbox will be modular and it will include three prototypical scenarios of usage that can be flexibly adjusted to individual needs of SMEs. The Integrated Toolbox will be developed as a web platform and it will be validated through a series of pilots in real life OI projects carried out by SMEs across Europe. Moreover, the project will develop a deployment plan for the Open Innovation System to initiate an EU-wide strategic engagement of innovation stakeholders and spread the practices of OI. The consortium includes a variety of competencies to access the whole Open Innovation chain across a range of geographical, economic and SMEs’ contexts and includes academics, practitioners and intermediaries working with SMEs on Open Innovation.
Space-based infrared interferometry to study exoplanetary atmospheres

The quest for other habitable worlds and the search for life among them are major goals of modern astronomy. One way to make progress towards these goals is to obtain high-quality spectra of a large number of exoplanets over a broad range of wavelengths. While concepts currently investigated in the United States are focused on visible/NIR wavelengths, where the planets are probed in reflected light, a compelling alternative to characterize planetary atmospheres is the mid-infrared waveband (5-20~$\mu$m). Indeed, mid-infrared observations provide key information on the presence of an atmosphere, the surface conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure, habitability), and the atmospheric composition in important species such as H$_2$O, CO$_2$, O$_3$, CH$_4$, and N$_2$O. This information is essential to investigate the potential habitability of exoplanets and to make progress towards the search for life in the universe. Obtaining high-quality mid-infrared spectra of exoplanets from the ground is however extremely challenging due to the overwhelming brightness and turbulence of Earth's atmosphere. In this paper, we present a concept of space-based mid-infrared interferometer that can tackle this observing challenge and discuss the main technological developments required to launch such a sophisticated instrument.
Setting an  interdisciplinary/sectorial/international  research network to explore dry storage as an alternative strategy for cells/germplasm biobanking

The number of biobanks for diagnostic/clinical/biodiversity preservation purposes is increasing exponentially, representing an economic burden for the EU. Cryopreservation (Liquid Nitrogen LN) is the only cells/gametes long-term repository method. LN storage is expensive though, requires dedicated facilities, is hazardous, carries pathogens and has high carbon footprint. DRYNET objective is to set an inter-sectorial/multidisciplinary/international network between EU academic (5), SME (3), the EU pan-Biobank, and international partners (Japan/Thailand), with the aim of sharing knowhow & expertise to lay down the theoretical and early empirical basis for the dry storage of cells/germplasm. DRYNET merges the partner’s expertise, theoretical/ biophysical/ mathematical modelling, cellular/ molecular/ insect biology, embryology, mechanical engineering into a coherent approach towards dry storage of cells/germplasm. International/inter-sectorial secondments, with meeting/workshop/summer school will be primary tools to implement our strategy for biobanking. Outreaching activities will guarantee public awareness of the project. DRYNET’s relies on water subtraction to induce a reversible block of metabolism, a survival strategy available in nature (anhydrobiosis). The work plan foresees the exploitation of natural xero-protectants (Late Embryogenesis Abundant proteins), loaded/expressed in gametes/cells, before drying. The best drying approaches, supported by theoretical/biophysical/math modelling, will be implemented by SMEs/academy partners. DRYNET will bring a simplification of currents practices, with cost and carbon footprint reduction, for the maintenance/shipping of biobanks. DRYNET will generate young scientists with transferable skills, ensuring career prospect in academia/industry. DRYNET strengthens the international/sectorial network between different disciplines, ensures long-term sustainability of the project, and boosts European competitiveness in biobanking.
High-Throughput cryogenic spectroscopy for glycan analysis

Glycans, or oligosaccharides, are ubiquitous in biological systems. Because they decorate the surface of cells, they play a key role in virtually all cellular recognition processes and are implicated in almost every major disease.  Despite their importance, the characterization of glycan primary structure lags far behind that of proteins and DNA because of their intrinsic isomeric complexity. The isomeric nature of the monosaccharide building blocks, the stereochemistry of the glycosidic bond, the possibility of multiple attachment points, and the occurrence of isomeric branched structures all make glycans difficult to analyze.

Although mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most sensitive approaches for glycan analysis, it has difficulty to distinguish all these various types of isomerisms. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) combined with MS has demonstrated some ability to identify glycan anomers and regioisomers, but cannot easily distinguish isomeric disaccharides, for example.

We have recently demonstrated that cryogenic infrared spectroscopy provides unique vibrational fingerprints of glycans that distinguishes all the various types of isomerism. When combined with simultaneous measurements of mass and ion mobility, these fingerprints can be tabulated in a database and used to identify a given glycan from a mixture. However, adding a spectroscopic dimension to ion mobility and mass measurements requires additional time, which hampers it use as an analytical tool. To use spectroscopic data for real-world glycan analysis, one must multiplex the measurement process and record the vibrational spectrum of many species simultaneously.

This project involves designing and constructing an instrument that combines state-of-the-art ion mobility separation, cryogenic ion spectroscopy, and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to perform high throughput analysis of glycan primary structure.  The success of this project would represent a tremendous breakthrough for glycoscience.
Gene overdosage and comorbidities during the early lifetime in down syndrome

The aim of the project is to elucidate etiological mechanisms involved in the appearance of obesity, and intellectual disability comorbidities in Down syndrome (DS). With its incidence of 1 in 1000 births, DS offers a great opportunity to uncover common/novel mechanisms because it is associated with a higher risk to develop several obesity, and intellectual disability. The increased risk to develop this combination of comorbidities in DS, suggests that specific genetic or epigenetic mechanisms associated with trisomy 21 (the cause of DS) predispose to this comorbidity.
For this aim, GO-DS21 will have the following objectives: 1) To determine age-related comorbidity patterns observed over the early lifetime (before age 45) in persons with Down syndrome (WP1). 2) To identify specific physiological biomarkers (WP4), and regulatory and epigenetic signatures (WP5) in human, cellular and animal models. 3) To decipher the contribution of environmental factors (stress, diet, exercise) to trisomy 21 obesity/ID comorbidities in preclinical models (WP2, 3). 4) To investigate the effects of overdosage of three Hsa21 candidate genes (DYRK1A, MRAP, NRIP1) to explain comorbid patterns in mouse models (WP3). 5) To integrate multilevel data from human patients, preclinical and cellular models across different spatial and temporal scales of biological complexity using computational biology models and machine learning approaches (WP6). 6) To design new therapeutic interventions to reduce the penetrance of comorbidities in preclinical models (WP3 and WP4). This approach will help to improve diagnosis and understanding of prognostic factors, and will establish recommendations and targeted interventions to prevent or minimise comorbidities in persons with DS (WP7). Beyond the impact for patients with DS we expect that findings of this project will also be beneficial for patients in the general population.
Hybrid perovskites for next generation solar cells and lighting

An emerging class of materials called hybrid perovskites is poised to revolutionise how power is both produced and consumed by enabling the production of highly-efficient, tunable solar photovoltaics (PV) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at exceptionally low cost. Although the efficiencies of perovskite devices are rising fast, both PV and LEDs fall short of out-performing current technology and reaching their theoretical performance limits. To achieve their full potential, parasitic non-radiative losses and bandgap instabilities from ionic segregation must be fundamentally understood and eliminated. HYPERION will address these issues by i) elucidating the origins of non-radiative decay and ion segregation in films and devices, ii) devising means to eliminate these processes, and iii) implementing optimised materials into boundary-pushing PV and LED devices. This will be achieved through a groundbreaking hierarchical analysis of the perovskite structures that not only characterises thin films and interfaces, but also the sub-units that comprise them, including grain-to-grain and sub-granular properties. The optoelectronic behaviour on these scales will be simultaneously correlated with local structural and chemical properties. HYPERION will use this fundamental understanding to eliminate non-radiative losses and ionic segregation on all scales through passivation treatments and compositional control. Addressing these knowledge gaps in the operation of perovskites will produce fundamental semiconductor science discoveries as well as illuminate routes to yield optimised and functional perovskites across the broad bandgap range 1.2–3.0 eV. These will be used to demonstrate all-perovskite tandem PV devices with efficiency exceeding crystalline silicon (26%), and white light LEDs with efficacies surpassing fluorescent light (50 lm/W). The work will realise the promise of perovskite technology as a versatile and scalable energy solution to secure a sustainable future.
Analysis of the Population Assistance and Returning Home in the Reconstruction Process of the 2009 L’Aquila Earthquake

The 2009 L’Aquila earthquake left approximately 67,000 homeless people. The earthquake severely damaged facilities, structures, and infrastructure of L’Aquila town, the capital of Abruzzo region, as well as 56 other municipalities in the so-called “crater”. The resident population in the crater area at the time of the earthquake included 68,503 inhabitants in the city of L’Aquila and 71,081 in other municipalities of the crater, yielding a total of 139,584 inhabitants. Several solutions were adopted to host homeless people in the immediate emergency phase; then, temporary accommodations were built to host people up to the completion of the reconstruction process. This paper analyzes the timeline by which people who lived in L’Aquila city at the time of earthquake was enabled to return to their houses, either repaired and strengthened or rebuilt. In particular, this analysis covers the first phase of the reconstruction process as well as its second phase, which is currently still ongoing in L’Aquila’s historical centers. The trend of a population returning home discussed herein has been determined based on data collected from different databases given by several institutions engaged in the emergency and reconstruction phases; this allowed an estimation of the number of people returned to their homes over time.
Safeguarding shipping operations via a novel modular high frequency power converter to boost installation and performance of ballast water treatment systems

The International Maritime Organisation will soon mandate use of ballast water treatment (BWT) systems in all ships over 300T, of which over 31,000 are predicted to be retrofit with electrochlorination systems. However, existing power supply technologies for electrochlorination are very bulky, requiring most ships to be cut and extending retrofit times far beyond the mandatory scheduled dry dock period that ships must take every 5 years. A fundamental barrier to converting all ships during the expected 5 – 8 yr regulatory window exists. 
Castlet Ltd have developed a novel high current power supply, based on modular power-sharing of 3 – 10 IGBT-controlled high frequency resonant converters. With a step change in performance, scalability and redundancy, the technology also has 9× smaller subsystem size and 3.6× reduction in total volume. This enables installation without structural work to all ships, reducing the days in dock by 60,000 (2022) across the EU shipping industry and cost savings of €2.65 billion. Innovation yields a potential €790 million retrofit opportunity, and a further ongoing €26.3 million/yr market for use in new ships.
Within the scope of the overall project, steps required to prepare the enabling technology for market entry include: optimisation of the parallel power sharing architecture; compatibility with different electrochlorination loads; type approval; reliability testing and development of global service framework; extended field trials; value engineering; EU supply chain development; and productionisation.
The proposed Phase 1 feasibility study seeks to address these requirements by delivery of an elaborated business plan; prioritised EU market entry strategy; supply chain initiation; production development roadmap; logistics planning and service models; robust OEM engagements to develop core compatibility; IP strategy and value model; as well as technical, regulatory and value engineering roadmaps for the final phase of developments.
Creation of a platform for digital commerce, with consequent digital identity creation of CASAS DO CAPELO and adequacy to GDPR standards

Creation of a platform for digital commerce, with consequent digital identity creation of CASAS DO CAPELO and adequacy to GDPR standards
Advanced methodologies for next generation large scale cmb polarization analysis

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation was emitted when the Universe was 380,000 years old and is observed today at 2.7 K. It is a wonderful probe to study the evolution of the Universe. Tiny anisotropies in its temperature and polarization are induced by quantum scalar (density) and tensor fluctuations (gravitational waves, GW) generated during inflation, a period of accelerated expansion arising 10-35 s after the big bang. Primordial GW imprinted a unique parity-odd pattern on CMB polarization, called B-modes. Such modes, undetected as of today, are a direct probe of the poorly known physics of inflation, and main target of several forthcoming observational projects. These will be search for B-modes at large (> 10°) and intermediate (~1°) angular scales. Among such efforts, Japan is proposing a satellite project (LiteBIRD, to be launched end 20's) with contributions from EU agencies, NASA and CSA. Large angular scales are difficult to measure due to Galactic emissions and instrumental systematics, requiring careful, detailed modelling and advanced data analysis techniques. EU scientists rely on the legacy of the ESA Planck mission (2009), but improvements of analysis methods and modelling of the instruments are now required. The main goal of CMB-INFLATE is to build a community of scientists dedicated to the development of innovative analysis of large angular scale CMB polarisation data to identify the inflation mechanism. CMB-INFLATE will focus on: (1) modelling hardware developed in three continents, including polarization modulators, optical systems, and detectors; (2) the development and implementation of innovative techniques to mitigate systematics from the sky and the instrument. Such advancements will be provided by a wide-scale international consortium involving instrumentalists, data analysis experts and theoreticians. The CMB-INFLATE outcome is expected to strengthen European leadership in the field of primordial GW and connected science.
Relaciones transatlánticas entre círculos republicanos radicales durante la era de las revoluciones: la centralidad de las mujeres

Los movimientos migratorios entre las dos orillas del Atlántico han sido de gran relevancia, tanto por su cantidad como por su heterogeneidad, desde el momento en que estos territorios entraron en contacto. El flujo constante de personas, así como de bienes e ideas en este ambiente oceánico, hizo que en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII los círculos republicanos ingleses y estadounidenses estrecharan sus lazos, con algunas mujeres como destacadas activistas. La escritora inglesa Catharine Macaulay (1731-1791), además de escribir sobre los hechos cruciales del momento, cruzó el océano con el deseo de estar cerca y vivirlos en primera persona. Por otra parte, por intereses comunes, mantuvo una intensa relación epistolar durante más de veinte años con la escritora estadounidense Mercy Otis Warren (1728-1814). A pesar de las limitaciones que encontraron en áreas mayoritariamente masculinas, como la historia y la política, el aporte de estas mujeres no se limitó al apoyo esperado, sino que sus inquietudes quedaron reflejadas en algunos escritos importantes para la causa republicana. A pesar de ello y paradójicamente, estos movimientos revolucionarios no produjeron cambios significativos en la situación y los derechos de las mujeres.
Variable gain optical amplifier and control method

A variable gain optical amplifier and method for control thereof is provided that includes an amplifier stage having a light pump, and a power source for the pump, and a variable optical attenuator connected to the amplifier stage and having a movable controller that changes attenuation of the amplifier output when moved to a different position. The dynamic controller of the amplifier includes gain detecting circuits that generate signals indicative of input and output signal strengths of the amplifier stage, and a circuit that provides a signal indicative of a position of the attenuator controller, as well as a digital signal processor connected to the outputs of the gain detecting circuits and position indicating circuit. The digital process maintains a selected gain setpoint for the amplifier in accordance with a predetermined relationship between amplifier gain and the signal input and output strengths, and a position of the attenuator controller and signal attenuation. The use of a position indicating circuit in the dynamic controller obviates the need for one of the gain detecting circuits normally used in such a controller, and thus simplifies the structure and reduces expense of the dynamic controller of the amplifier with no sacrifice in performance.
A Gestão dos Resíduos Sólidos em Belém e na RMB: a dinâmica da cadeia produtiva e o papel da Riopel no mercado de materiais recicláveis

compra, em dinheiro e sem burocracia.A cadeia produtiva dos materiais recicláveis em Belém e na RMB ainda é muito incipiente e desestruturada, necessitando de políticas públicas comprometidas, contínuas e eficientes para aplicar os preceitos da EC de forma eficaz, beneficiando os catadores e tornando a cidade mais sustentável.
Juegos didácticos en la educación secundaria: involucrar futuros maestros en la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias de enseñanza.

Esta investigación se llevó a cabo como estrategia de enseñanza en la asignatura Prácticas Supervisadas II del Grado en Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad Estatal de Bahía, en Brasil. Fue desarrollada en un colegio de educación secundaria, con el objetivo de mejorar la educación inicial del futuro profesorado, basado en la investigación-acción. De las experiencias experimentadas por una alumna en prácticas, se construyó una propuesta de actividades basadas en las metodologías activas de aprendizaje como herramienta para mejorar el aprendizaje en contenidos de genética de los estudiantes de bachillerato. La investigación tiene enfoque cualitativo, y se realizó a través de pre y post test aplicados con preguntas abiertas y preguntas de múltiple elección, bien como talleres con juegos didácticos. Como resultado principal se evidencia un aumento en la tasa de respuestas correctas de las preguntas hechas por los estudiantes, así como una mejor construcción de conceptos en relación con la 1ª Ley de Mendel, después de la aplicación de las estrategias metodológicas y una mayor aproximación del grado de la dimensión investigativa-reflexiva.
Improved Processing of Carbon Nanotube Yarn

We compared mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns formed from four different spinning methods. In these methods, a yarn was spun from two aligned CNT arrays. CNT yarns fabricated from each method were tested quantitatively through the mechanical and electrical properties and reported. This improvement is considered to be caused by multiple factors, such as reduction of the yarn diameter, densification, water evaporation, and CNT orientation. The best electrical and mechanical property of CNT yarn was observed from the fourth spinning method where heating and tension during spinning were applied. The introduced yarn spinning methods are appropriate for continuous mass production of high strength carbon nanotube yarns with controlled diameter, strength, and electrical conductivity.
Estado actual y perspectivas de las bibliotecas digitales latinas

This article is a review of the nowadays available electronic ibraries for professional scholars. The standing point is that the use of the modern Technologies of Information and Communications should not be taken either as something alien to our normal dedication or as just a kind of fashion. Utilities must be appropriate for a specific use, so an evaluation of their utility is central to any scientific field. After some initial definitions concerning the concept and limits of the electronic libraries, the authors analyze the most important of them, mostly in terms of utility of the materials provided and always having in mind their ease of use.