SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Investigation of internal nozzle flow, spray and combustion characteristics fueled with diesel, gasoline and wide distillation fuel (WDF) based on a piezoelectric injector and a direct injection compression ignition engine

Abstract In this work, the internal nozzle flow, spray, combustion and emission characteristics of traditional diesel, gasoline and two kinds of WDF (gasoline/diesel blend fuel and kerosene) were comprehensively and systematically investigated based on a piezoelectric injector and a direct injection compression ignition engine. In fuel spray study, the behaviours of piezoelectric and solenoid injectors were compared. The macroscopic characteristics of test fuels including spray penetration, spray velocity and spray angle were investigated. A so-called “full cavitation model” was used for internal nozzle flow and cavitation simulation, wherein the characteristics such as turbulent kinetic energy and injection velocity are investigated. The simulation results of fuel internal nozzle flow are convincing to explain the experimental results of spray. In the combustion and emissions study, the KH-RT model which takes into account the cavitation and turbulence was used for spray prediction. KIVA4 and CHEMKIN codes are coupled to solve the chemical reaction. Two chemical reaction models, which have been developed by authors’ group in previous study, were used for investigating two combustion strategies, i.e., partially premixed combustion (PPC) and highly premixed combustion (HPC) fueled with traditional diesel, gasoline and two kinds of WDF. From the results, it can be inferred that, compared with diesel and gasoline, WDF is more suitable for utilization in compression ignition engines at present stage.
Emergent toxins on the portuguese coast: occurrence, transfer kinetics and toxicity

The occurrence of toxins typical from tropical environments in European Union (EU) temperate coastal waters has been sporadically reported in the past years, usually preceded by human intoxication episodes. Therefore, in order to avoid public health impacts, there is a need for adequate monitoring programs, establishing appropriate legislation, and for optimizing effective methods for the analysis of these toxins. However, due to the very limited quantitative data and the lack of validated analytical methodology, risk associated with the exposure to emergent toxins in EU is currently not possible to determine. In ETOXPT, we will assess the current situation on the incidence and routes of exposure of emergent toxins (i.e. ciguatoxins, CTXs; tetrodotoxin, TTX; palytoxins, PLTXs; and ß-methylamino-L-alanine, BMAA) in Portuguese coastal waters using reliable LC-MS/MS methods. Additionally, the relationship of emergent toxins concentrations and profiles within trophic levels will be evaluated. These field data will be complemented with a mesocosm experiment, in which the potential of CTXs transfer, biotransformation and biodegradation along the food web will be predicted. We will also evaluate the cytotoxicity of individual PLTXs and CTXs analogues. Concurrently, we will develop innovative approaches to analyze the emergent toxins using nanocontainers. ETOXPT will be useful to advance understanding of emergent toxins kinetics, both within individuals and among trophic levels and could support the development of predictive models of risk assessment and contribute to the integration of emergent toxins in shellfish monitoring programs.
The road user behaviour of school students in Belgium

The present study aimed to investigate both the on road behaviour of Belgian school students and the validity of the Adolescent Road User Behaviour Questionnaire (ARBQ) in a sample of students attending school in Belgium. In total, 294 adolescents completed the ARBQ along with measures of their self-reported accident involvement and sensation seeking behaviour. Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported the original factor structure of: "unsafe road crossing", "playing on the road" and "planned protective behaviour" for the 21-item version of the questionnaire, but not for the full scale. Males were found to engage more often in unsafe crossing behaviour and playing on the roads. There were also age differences, with unsafe road crossing increasing with age and engagement in planned protective behaviours improving with age. Those who reported being involved in an accident also reported more frequent engagement in unsafe crossing, playing on the roads, thrill seeking behaviour and lower levels of behaviour inhibition. Therefore, this study confirms that the ARBQ is a useful tool for investigating safety-related behaviours that contribute to accident involvement.
Assessment of the Bike Sharing Socioeconomic Equity in the Use of Routes

This work analyzes socioeconomic equity in bike sharing systems. For this purpose, we propose using Social Network Analysis tools to estimate the probability of connection between two stations depending on income and controlling for other predictors. The method was applied to a bike sharing system located in the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, in Spain. Results show that stations located at lower-income neighborhoods present lower probability to generate routes, and that higher-income areas are more likely to be connected to each other. Our contribution consists in proposing a new method to analyze the effect of income on bike sharing systems based on routes.
Antecedents and temporal dynamics of strategic divergence in multinational corporations: Evidence from Europe

Abstract Coordinating consistent strategy implementation has been identified a key challenge for multi-national corporations. Based on intraorganizational evolutionary models of strategy formation, this paper thus empirically investigates the antecedents and temporal dynamics of strategic divergence. Strategic divergence is the deviation of a firm's resource allocation decisions with its articulated concept of corporate strategy. Large-scale empirical analysis of 11,406 resource allocation decisions of twenty-five publicly listed, multi-national and multi-business European firms indicates that decision type, operational and divisional manager involvement in decision making and structural context changes exert a significant influence on strategic divergence. Importantly, results further suggest that firms’ levels of strategic divergence tend to increase over time and that the antecedents of strategic divergence have a differential impact as time passes.
Defective protein translation as a pathogenic mechanism of peripheral neuropathy

Familial forms of neurodegenerative diseases are caused by mutations in a single gene. It is unknown whether distinct mutations in the same gene or in functionally related genes cause disease through similar or disparate mechanisms. Furthermore, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying virtually all neurodegenerative disorders are poorly understood, and effective treatments are typically lacking.

This is also the case for Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations in five distinct tRNA synthetase (aaRS) genes. We previously generated Drosophila CMT-aaRS models and used a novel method for cell-type-specific labeling of newly synthesized proteins in vivo to show that impaired protein translation may represent a common pathogenic mechanism.

In this proposal, I aim to determine whether translation is also inhibited in CMT-aaRS mouse models, and whether all mutations cause disease through gain-of-toxic-function, or alternatively, whether some mutations act through a dominant-negative mechanism. In addition, I will evaluate whether all CMT-aaRS mutant proteins inhibit translation, and I will test the hypothesis, raised by our unpublished preliminary data shown here, that a defect in the transfer of the (aminoacylated) tRNA from the mutant synthetase to elongation factor eEF1A is the molecular mechanism underlying CMT-aaRS. Finally, I will validate the identified molecular mechanism in CMT-aaRS mouse models, as the most disease-relevant mammalian model.

I expect to elucidate whether all CMT-aaRS mutations cause disease through a common molecular mechanism that involves inhibition of translation. This is of key importance from a therapeutic perspective, as a common pathogenic mechanism allows for a unified therapeutic approach. Furthermore, this proposal has the potential to unravel the detailed molecular mechanism underlying CMT-aaRS, what would constitute a breakthrough and a requirement for rational drug design for this incurable disease.
Port Impact on Marine Protected Areas: Cross-Border Cooperative Actions

This programme faces the challenge of managing protected marine areas (PMAs) close to port areas. The objective is to define cross-border sustainable management plans for the adequate protection of PMAs in harmony with the development needs of the ports, which are fundamental for Blue Growth. IMPACT will build a dedicated geographic information system (GIS) and put it out on the web. This system will be organised as datasets related to: a) transport of marine currents between ports and PMAs, based on oceanographic measurements from coastal radars and drifters; b) ecological retention properties of PMAs, obtained with ecological surveys and numerical models; and c) distributions of contaminants, based on historical data and dedicated measurements. It will produce maps featuring signalling indexes to estimate over time the vulnerability of the different PMA areas to the pressures brought on by port proximity. The approach is based on an innovative modelling and monitoring plan that capitalises on and extends the existing cross-border infrastructure network built into the MOMAR and SICOMAR projects. The GIS web platform will be the unitary interoperable PMA management tool for the bodies in charge of planning maritime spaces in implementation of Directive 2014/89/EU. Furthermore, the project will provide vital support to the bodies responsible for implementing the Marine Strategy Framework Directory; Regione Toscana’s partners ISPRA (Italy) and Ifremer (France) have long been directly involved in this process. The partnership includes 4 regions: Tuscany, Liguria, Corsica and PACA; the methodology will be tested in 4 PMAs near the ports of Livorno, La Spezia, Bastia and Toulon. This cross-border approach focuses on issues regarding key and vulnerable areas and ensures effective actions based on shared infrastructure networks and practices.
PEARL MILLET PRODUCTION PRACTICES IN SEMI-ARID WEST AFRICA: A REVIEW

SUMMARY Pearl millet ( Pennisetum glaucum L.) is an important grain crop for millions of poor farmers and consumers in the semi-arid region of West Africa. During the past 40 years, much research on pearl millet production practices and adoption in this region has been conducted, but an attempt to summarize these results has not been previously completed and these research results are not readily available to many West African scientists. This review was completed to address this need and integrate knowledge, and at the same time identify research needs for the future and extension priorities for semi-arid West African agro-ecological zones. Research has shown that selection of improved varieties and cropping systems, appropriate cultural practices, and recommended integrated soil, nutrient, residue and pest management can greatly increase grain and stover yields of pearl millet. However, adoption by farmers has been minimal due to limited profitability, high risk and labour demand, limited input supply, market availability and appropriate public policy. This review has 196 articles included as in-text citations (Table 1) compared to 149 articles in the reference list, indicating that only one in four articles integrated two or more topics in the research. The obvious conclusion is that most of the past research has not addressed the ‘system’ but rather one or two management practices. In addition, most studies have interpreted responses in terms of yield without addressing other important considerations for farmer adoption. Recent conservation agriculture research moves closer to addressing the larger integrative types of research needed. Such research is complex and requires sustained funding for field and laboratory activities, but also for computer simulation modelling and economic assessment.
Social Dimensions of Evolutionary Research: Discovering Native American History in Colonial Southeastern U.S.

Beginning in the late sixteenth century, a series of Spanish missions was built in coastal Georgia and northern Florida. These missions were designed to convert and “civilize” the indigenous peoples of the region and establish a Spanish presence in the southeastern United States. The colony was not a success, and the missions were destroyed by the English by 1706. The native population fared poorly and suffered massive loss of people due to epidemics and colonial period hardships. In this paper, I discuss microevolutionary analyses of archeological skeletal samples representing the native populations from the region. Analyses document changing patterns of variation and intergroup biological integration through time. Formal evolutionary interpretations are offered, but these are reinterpreted with respect to the social and historical context of the time period. Specifically, patterns of variation suggest a nascent Catholic Indian identity was emergent in Spanish Florida when the missions were destroyed. While this may indicate an evolutionary and historical “dead end” for the indigenous peoples of Florida, further interpretation of the data with respect to the later history of the early Seminole people suggests a continuous biological history can be inferred, linking Spanish period (seventeenth century) and Seminole period (eighteenth century) peoples of Florida within a unified historical narrative. This complex, ephemeral history has repercussions for interpreting evolutionary genetic data within a strict cladistic framework. In addition, this research contributes a humanistic component to the evolutionary sciences with respect to cultural patrimony and oral traditions, in this case, of the Seminole peoples.
Measuring Emotions from Online News and Evaluating Public Models from Netizens’ Comments: A Text Mining Approach

Nowadays netizens embark on a prevalent lifestyle to actively voice out their opinions online that includes both forums and social networks (Web 2.0). Their opinions which initially are intended for their groups of friends propagate to attentions of many. This pond of opinions in the forms of forum posts, messages written on micro-blogs, Twitter and Facebook, constitute to online opinions that represent a community of online users. The messages though might seem to be trivial when each of them is viewed singularly; the converged sum of them serves as a potentially useful source of feedbacks to the current affairs after analysis. A local government, for instance, may be interested to know the response of the citizens after a new policy is announced, from their voices collected from the Internet. However, such online messages are unstructured in nature, their contexts vary greatly, and that poses a tremendous difficulty in correctly interpreting them. In this paper we propose an innovative analytical model that evaluates such messages by representing them in different moods. The model comprises of several data analytics such as emotion classification by text mining and hierarchical visualization that reflects public moods over a large repository of online comments.
Biophysics in gene regulation - a genome wide approach

In this project, we will develop and use technology that combines synthetic genomics and live-cell imaging. These methods make it possible to study the intracellular biophysics at single-molecule detail in thousands of genetically different bacterial strains in parallel. Our approach is based on in situ genotyping of a barcoded strain library after phenotyping has been performed by live-cell imaging. Within the scope of the proposed project, the new technology will be used to solve mechanistic and structural questions of the bacterial cell cycle.

To this end, we will explore two parallel but complementary applications. In the first application, we will determine the dynamic 3D structure of the E. coli chromosome at 1kb resolution throughout the cell cycle. The structure determination can be seen as a live-cell version of chromatin conformation capture, where we will follow the 3D distances of 10 000 pairs of chromosomal loci over the cell cycle at high resolution. In the second application, we will make a complete CRISPRi knockdown strain library where we can follow the replication forks of the E. coli chromosome and septum formation over the cell cycle in individual cells. Using this strategy, we will resolve how individual gene products contribute to the cell-to-cell accuracy in replication initiation and cell division. In particular, this approach allows us to address the challenging question of size sensing at replication initiation. How the cell can decide that it is large enough to initiate replication is still an open question despite decades of investigations.    

The general principles for high-end imaging of pool-synthesized cell libraries have nearly unlimited applications throughout cell biology. The specific applications explored in this project will take the understanding of the bacterial cell cycle to a new level and answer general questions about the chromosomal organization and cell size sensing.
A VERSATILE GROUT BAG TYPE OF UNDERGROUND SUPPORT

A support assembly (1 ) is provided for the roof or hanging wall (36, 114) of an underground mine. The assembly comprises at least one support elongate (30) and a grout bag (2, 60, 80, 90, 102, 108, 120) used in association therewith and wherein the grout bag is inflated with settable granular material or grout (42). The support elongate is substantially surrounded, in plan view, by the grout bag and set granular material or grout contained therein. Preferably at least one cross-member (28) extends generally diametrically across the top of the support assembly and is anchored to the roof or hanging wall by the support elongate. The grout bag is preferably suspended from the end regions of the cross-member. Various grout bags for inclusion in such a support assembly are also provided.
Microbial communities of temperate, artic and tropical peatlands and their role in the response of carbon storage function to global change

The present proposal aim at understanding microbial role in peatland sensitivity to climate change at a Global Scale. Peatlands represent one of the most important terrestrial carbon pools, despite they only cover 3% of the earth’s surface they store one third of all terrestrial carbon. This ecosystem has shown to be sensitive to different disturbances in terms of their carbon storage capacity and it is expected a huge CO2 and CH4 release as well as an increase in dissolved organic carbon exportation to freshwater systems, due to climate change. Peatlands cover large extensions in arctic and temperate zones, but they are also present in tropical regions were their ecology and functioning is almost unknown. Due to the valuable peatland role as carbon sink there has been many intents to find out the effect of global change on their functioning, however we are still far to totally comprehend and predict this effect, existing important unsolved questions on the role of microbial decomposer communities (Fungi, Bacteria and Archaea), the structure-function relationship, and so far, none study has assessed the climate change impact at global scale. In order to fill these gaps I propose to survey the microbial communities in Arctic, Temperate and Tropical peatlands and test how differences in origin-legacy can drive peatlands sensitivity to drought events. The proposed methodology is an interdisciplinary approach (combining molecular thechniques, ecosystem measurements and biogeochemistry) with three big components: 1) initial field work study to systematically assess microbial communities from the 3 regions; 2) a microcosm experiment to test the effect of drought (water table reduction) on peatland functioning; 3) a secondment in a drinking water company to put into a management context the results, as these companies are interested in the by-product formation problem thanks to the DOC enhancing in water supplies due to the loss of peatlands storage capacity.
Are native phosphate-solubilizing bacteria a relevant alternative to mineral fertilizations for crops? Part II: PSB inoculation enables a halving of P input and improves the microbial community in the rapeseed rhizosphere

come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.Are native phosphate solubilizing Bacteria a relevant alternative to mineral fertilizations for crops?Part II: PSB inoculation enables a halving of P input and improves the microbial community in the rapeseed rhizosphere
X-By-Construction design framework for engineering autonomous & distributed real-time embedded software systems

The next generation of networked embedded systems (ES) necessitates rapid prototyping and high performance while maintaining key qualities like trustworthiness and safety. However, deployment of safety-critical ES suffers from complex software (SW) toolchains and engineering processes. Moreover, the current trend in autonomous systems relying on Machine Learning (ML) and AI applications in combination with fail-operational requirements renders the Verification and Validation (V&V) of these new systems a challenging endeavor. Prime examples are autonomous driving cars that are prone to various safety/security vulnerabilities. The XANDAR project is built to exactly match the goals defined within the ICT-50 Software Technologies.
XANDAR will deliver a mature SW toolchain (from requirements capture down to the actual code integration on target including V&V) fulfilling the needs of the industry for rapid prototyping of interoperable and autonomous ES. Starting from a model-based system architecture, XANDAR will leverage novel automatic model synthesis and software parallelization techniques to achieve specific non-functional requirements setting the foundation for a novel real-time, safety-, and security-by-Construction (X-by-Construction) paradigm. For the first time, XbC-guided code generation for non-deterministic ML/AI applications will be combined with novel runtime monitors to ensure fail-operation in the presence of runtime faults and security exploitations. The project provides a consortium covering the full spectrum of ES and software engineering. XANDAR will be validated by an automotive OEM (BMW) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). Leading European SMEs and enterprises such as Vector, AVN, and fentISS as well as successful academic partners will contribute their diverse knowhow in Model-Driven Engineering, Software Systems and V&V, multicore architectures, code generation, and security enforcements from higher-level behavioral models to actual runnables.