SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Printing and Medical Imaging: A Review of the Methods and Applications

The purpose of this article is to review recent innovations on the process and application of 3-dimensional (3D) printed objects from medical imaging data. Data for 3D printed medical models can be obtained from computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound using the Data Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) software. The data images are processed using segmentation and mesh generation tools and converted to a standard tessellation language (STL) file for printing. 3D printing technologies include stereolithography, selective laser sintering, inkjet, and fused-deposition modeling . 3D printed models have been used for preoperative planning of complex surgeries, the creation of custom prosthesis, and in the education and training of physicians. The application of medical imaging and 3D printers has been successful in providing solutions to many complex medical problems. As technology advances, its applications continue to grow in the future.
The effect of parent university on firm growth: an analysis of the Spanish and Italian USOs

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that the university context may partially determine the growth of university spin-offs (USOs), with a cross-national analysis and using an “interactionist” approach. Design/methodology/approach Two samples of USOs, from Spain and Italy (531 and 952 firms, respectively), were examined over the 2005-2013 period. Multilevel modelling was applied to empirically test the hypotheses. Findings The results confirmed that the university context is a critical and effective element for explaining USOs’ growth. The university context affected USOs’ growth only for the Spanish firms, while for the Italian spin-offs the evidence does not report a significant determining influence of the university context. This finding may be interpreted as the localization externalities, determined by the Spanish universities, have a more effective impact at firm level compared with those generated by the Italian universities. Research limitations/implications The paper provides evidence that the university context has a significant role in supporting USOs’ growth in Spain, but not in Italy. This finding, together with the fact that the Italian USOs showed lower growth rates over the period of analysis, may suggest that greater involvement by the Italian parent universities is needed to foster USOs’ growth. The main point to be underlined to decision makers is that policies aimed at fostering USOs need the active involvement of the parent university in the whole growth process of the nascent firm, rather than just in the USO creation process. Originality/value A multilevel approach provides both methodological and theoretical contributions to the study of USOs’ growth, which was adopted as an “interactionist” approach is recommended by literature. In addition, a cross-national approach allows for exploration of the actual effect of the university on the growth of USOs, taking into account international differences.
Cow's milk allergy in children : main article

The estimated prevalence of cow's milk allergy (CMA) varies between 2% and 7.5%, being higher in children than adults. Cow's milk allergy can develop in exclusively or partially breast-fed infants, when cow's milk protein (CMP) is introduced into the feeding regimen. The incidence of CMA is lower in exclusively breast-fed infants (0.5%) compared with formula-fed or mixed-fed infants, and clinical reactions in the breast-fed group are mostly mild to moderate. This might be related to lower levels of CMP in breast milk compared with cow's milk, immunomodulators in breast milk and differences in gut flora between breast-fed and formula-fed infants.
High-energy gamma-ray emission in compact binaries

Four gamma-ray sources have been associated with binary systems in our Galaxy: the microquasar Cygnus X-3 and the gamma-ray binaries LS I +61°303, LS 5039 and PSR B1259-63. These systems are composed of a massive companion star and a compact object of unknown nature, except in PSR B1259-63 where there is a young pulsar. I propose a comprehensive theoretical model for the high-energy gamma-ray emission and variability in gamma-ray emitting binaries. In this model, the high-energy radiation is produced by inverse Compton scattering of stellar photons on ultra-relativistic electron-positron pairs injected by a young pulsar in gamma-ray binaries and in a relativistic jet in microquasars. Considering anisotropic inverse Compton scattering, pair production and pair cascade emission, the TeV gamma-ray emission is well explained in LS 5039. Nevertheless, this model cannot account for the gamma-ray emission in LS I +61°303 and PSR B1259-63. Other processes should dominate in these complex systems. In Cygnus X-3, the gamma-ray radiation is convincingly reproduced by Doppler-boosted Compton emission of pairs in a relativistic jet. Gamma-ray binaries and microquasars provide a novel environment for the study of pulsar winds and relativistic jets at very small spatial scales.
Study on water balance of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica planted forest in Zhanggutai area

To uncover the water balance law of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica planted forest in Zhanggutai area in Liaoning province,and to provide scientific direction for the management,based on the data and information collected from 2010 and 2011,the precipitation distribution and evapotranspiration of the ecosystem were studied in 32 years old(and 404 plants per ha.) planted forest by using the method of water-balance.The results showed: the gross of throughfall,stemflow,and the canopy interception was 422.7mm,0.8mm,28.1mm separately,the proportionment compare to the gross of annual precipitation(451.5mm)was 93.6%,0.2%,6.2%.The crown transpiration,Liter+ Understory vegetation+Soil evapotranspiration(LUS),and soil water storage were 116.1mm,287.3mm,20.1mm separately,the proportionment compare to the gross of annual precipitation(451.5mm) was 25.7%,63.6%,4.5%.he crown transpiration was 28.8% of evapotranspiration of forest land,and LUS was 71.2%.
Effects of dietary medium-chain fatty acids on performance, carcass characteristics, and some serum parameters of broiler chickens

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on the performance, carcass characteristics, and some serum parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 176 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were assigned to four treatments including control treatment (basal diet), 0.1% MCFA, 0.2% MCFA, and 0.3% MCFA treatments according to a completely randomised design. Each treatment consisted of 4 replicates with 11 chicks for each replicate. In MCFA treatments, the amounts of MCFAs were added to basal diet as a substitution of soybean oil. There were not any significant differences in body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio among the treatments in different stages of the experiment. However, MCFA treatments had a lower abdominal fat and a higher breast yield compared to control treatment. Blood glucose, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations were significantly decreased, but blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration was significantly increased in the MCFA treatments compared to the control treatment. These results indicate that dietary MCFA has a positive effect on the health and productivity of broiler chickens.
Zuschuss für Ewa Athlete zur Finanzierung laufender Operationen

Das Projekt geht von einem Zuschuss für das Unternehmen Zawodnik Ewa aus, das unter der COVID-19-Pandemie litt. Aufgrund der Pandemie ist der Umsatz deutlich gesunken. Mit der Finanzhilfe wird sichergestellt, dass die Geschäftstätigkeit des Unternehmens mindestens drei Kalendermonate aufrechterhalten wird.
Intelligent theatrical distribution system

Digital and mobile society is threatening movie theatre industry. Users demand more content. Spectator behaviour is evolving to event-based experiences, single-day screenings and alternative contents. The classical approach misses all the customer info about due to poor traceability. 
Traditional targeting at theatres instead of distributors complicates the movie industry digitalization, as there is no way to manage such complex theatrical environment worldwide. 
ITDS is a smart movie distribution solution consisting of an Artificial Intelligence engine and predictive analysis (logistics regression and decision trees) working on multiple data sources in order to: (i) provide a prediction of box office results in an online platform; (ii) connecting movie theatres to the audience and (iii) suggesting the best movie schedule for each theatre, geographical location, audience gender & age, etc. 
It provides customers (Movie owners & theatres) with a higher success rate (direct link between all stakeholders), low risk (revenue share model) and maximal ROI/box office, thanks to our marketing and focus on the long tail. It reaches to a new audience (35% our users do not frequently go to movie theatres). 
For end users (audience) it will increase the movie offering available in theatres by 98% and provide better interactivity and communities. 
ITDS will help Movieday in our international expansion to EU countries, nearly €200M revenue over 5 years and the creation of 158 additional qualified jobs by 2025. 
Movieday is an Italian start-up, founded in 2014, fully dedicated to ITDS, its core project. It secured €600k support from public/private organizations and has a team of 10 movie industry and business professionals. Company turnover in 2017 was €250k and the company got €500k VC investment in Dec 2018.
IGF‐1 and BMP‐7 synergistically stimulate articular cartilage repairing in the rabbit knees by improving chondrogenic differentiation of bone‐marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Knee injury is known as a frequently occurred damage related to sports, which may affect the function of cartilage. This study aims to explore whether Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7)-modified bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) affect the repair of cartilage damage found in the knee. Primarily, BMSCs were treated with a series of pEGFP-C1, IGF-1, and BMP-7, followed by determination of IGF-1 and BMP-7 expression. A rabbit cartilage defect model was also established. Afterfward, cell morphology, viability, cartilage damage repair effect, and expression of collagen I and collagen II at the 6th and the 12th week were measured. BMSCs treated with pEGFP-C1/IGF-1, pEGFP-C1/BMP-7, and pEGFP-C1/BMP-7-IGF-1 exhibited elevated expression of BMP-7 and IGF-1. Besides, BMSCs in the P10 generation displayed decreased cell proliferation. Moreover, BMSCs treated with IGF-1, BMP-7, and IGF-1-BMP-7 showed reduced histological score and collagen I expression while elevated collagen II expression, as well as better repair effect, especially in those treated with IGF-1-BMP-7. Collectively, these results demonstrated a synergistic effect of IGF-1 and BMP-7 on the BMSC chondrogenic differentiation on the articular cartilage damage repair in the rabbit knees, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of articular cartilage damage.
Control system network structure

The present invention imports network communication concepts into a motor and/or motion control system. The motor and/or motion control system is divided into various modules. A preferred configuration includes a motor drive control module, a user command module, and a master control module. The modules are interconnected by a simple hardware bus, such as an RS-485 bus. Communication between the modules is accomplished using a time division protocol.
Soil biodiversity enhancement in european agroecosystems to promote their stability and resilience by external inputs reduction and crop performance increase

With the long-term view of fostering synergies between crop production, biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services of local, regional and global relevance, the main objective of SoildiverAgro is the adoption of new management practices and cropping systems that enhance soil genetic and functional biodiversity to reduce the use of external inputs while increasing crop production and quality, the delivery of ecosystem services and the EU agricultural stability and resilience. To achieve this objective 90 farm systems will be analysed in 9 pedoclimatic regions in Europe  and 15 field case studies will be designed and established in six of the pedoclimatic regions. The focus will be on the use of innovative management practices based on soil mycorrhiza and plant growth promoting bacteria (including the development and testing of new commercial products), appropriate management of soil organisms (e.g. fungivores), the application of suitable crop rotations, multiple cropping and intercropping, the development of pest alert systems, the use of nutrient catch crops, the use of trap crops for pest control, the use of by-products as soil ameliorants and the application of adequate tillage systems. SoildiverAgro outputs consider: 1) enhancement of soil biodiversity; 2) reduction of pest/diseases incidence; 3) increases in plant growth and development; 4) increases in crop yields, quality and value; 5) the reduction of inputs; 6) increases in soil fertility; 7) reductions of soil contamination; 8) reduction in GHG emissions; and 9) increases in soil C sequestration. To ensure rapid adoption of measures fostering soil biodiversity, improved methods and tools including for monitoring will be developed. The successful crop management practices will be also analysed from the environmental, economic and social perspectives. Operational diversity targets will be defined, with development of best agricultural practice strategies and tools for existing EU policies update.
Trial ready small vessel mri markers: proof of concept

Problem: 
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a hallmark of serious brain diseases such as acute stroke and dementia. It has a major impact on society, since it affects quality of life of many ageing individuals, and increasingly challenges the healthcare resources. Current image-based biomarkers do not reflect SVD itself, but rather macroscopic, irreversible brain damage, secondary to the abnormalities of the small vessels. This greatly hampers development of new drugs as clinical trials lack effective biomarkers directly reflecting SVD. 
Solution: 
The SmallVesselMRI  ERC project (337333), yielded 7T MRI methods with the potential to offer a paradigm shift in SVD research. We have developed new MRI measures that, for the first time, allow non-invasive assessment of the condition of the small vessels themselves, including blood flow velocity pulsation in small perforating vessels, which informs on vessel stiffness. The current proof-of-concept project ‘trial-ready Small vEsseL MRI MArkers (SELMA) aims to make these novel promising vascular parameters ready for use in phase II/III clinical trials. Our ambition is to bridge the gap between high end imaging research platforms and widespread clinical MRI, in order to enable drug-target engagement studies in clinical trials for newly developed drugs.
SELMA will: 
1) Port the small-vessel 7T MRI pulse sequences to clinically ubiquitous 3T MRI scanners. 2) Develop a software tool that can provide robust, automated data analysis. 3) Determine the reproducibility of the SELMA biomarkers in a group of 35 healthy individuals with scan-rescan experiments. 4) Provide clinical proof of concept by a pilot study in 15 patients with SVD, measuring the vascular parameters before and after administration of a pharmaceutical agent.  Using results of our proof of concept study, we will develop a business plan to approach the pharmaceutical industry to change the paradigm in drug development for SVD treatment.
Resilience of Rubber-Based Intercropping System in Southern Thailand

Many farmers have understood and had direct experience with resilience in a rubber-based intercropping system under risks and uncertainties of world economy and government policies. However, quantitative studies to examine and confirm such results are still limited.This study found some hidden values of economic resilience in the rubber-based intercropping system which could be of great use to future agricultural development. Results were drawn from 5 rubber-based intercropping plots in Southern Thailand by building three scenarios: 1) rubber price during 2017-2021 is lower; 2) wage of farm labor during 2013-2021 is higher; and 3) farmers reduce risks and uncertainties by cutting intercropped timber and/or selling products from rubber-based intercrops. Results show that 3 plots will have a high level of resilience of margin (income from plots after deducting operation cost) while one plot will have a medium level and another will have a low level. Main factors affecting resilience levels will be: quantities and kinds of intercropped timber, appropriate cutting period of timber, efficiency in plot management by farmers to increase yields of intercropped fruit trees, and adaptation of other kinds of products in the plots to increase household income. High proportion of off-farm income will also be useful in reducing some negative effects from lower rubber priceand higher wage of farm labor.
Methodology to quantify the role of intense precipitation runoff in soil moisture scarcity: a case study in the U.S. South from 1980-2020

The northern U.S. Gulf Coast is among the wettest regions in the contiguous United States, with a transition zone from humid to semi-arid climates occurring between the western Gulf Coast and the 100th meridian. As anthropogenic warming induces more frequent extreme wetting events of greater magnitude, a larger proportion of rainfall runs off unsaturated soils rather than being absorbed and replenishing vegetative water supply. This study introduced novel methodology reliant on reconstructed hourly precipitation intensity data from locations with comprehensive records from the past four decades, incorporating these records into a recursive algorithm measuring daily soil moisture levels. To account for runoff, curtailment multipliers for three different soil classes at each site were applied to 24-hour precipitation totals. Soil moisture balance was then obtained from daily evapotranspiration and infiltrated precipitation, and trends from the autoregressive time series modeling were compared. When runoff quantified by the methodology was considered, average annual soil moisture scarcity trends accelerated for most sample soils, including 13 of the 15 highly-infiltrative soils showing a change relative to the unrestricted infiltration in the reference case. The findings, however, were generally not statistically significant. These results are suggestive, but not conclusive, of a growing role from intense precipitation in drought development for the selected region. The seasonality of evolving rainfall rates in the case study area may explain the limited impact, as intensity rates are growing most quickly during the wintertime, a period when episodes infrequently exceed maximum soil infiltration capacity. The methods introduced here, achieving superior accuracy at precise locations relative to gridded products, are reproducible for global locations with adequate data coverage.
The biology of myelin and lipoproteins within a glial network

Myelin is an abundant, lipid-rich membrane structure formed by oligodendrocytes, each of which extends numerous processes to form distinct myelin internode segments along axons, thereby increasing neural processing speed and energetic efficiency. Myelin undergoes a life cycle with three fundamental distinct phases of metabolism, starting with an ‘anabolic’ phase of early postnatal myelin development, followed by a homeostatic, adult state, in which turnover is low, and ending with a ‘catabolic’, myelin degradative phase in aging. Here, I hypothesize that oligodendrocytes and their myelin sheaths are metabolically connected to other glial cells, and we therefore plan to analyze how the entire glial system interacts during these distinct phases. Key is that lipoproteins may function as vehicles in this communication to connect and regulate lipid metabolism in the cells. We will use systems biology approaches to characterize how astrocytes and microglia respond to myelin assembly and disassembly. I suggest that glial cells serve as a homeostatic control system to balance and buffer changes that occur during the myelin life cycle. This system is relevant in aging, and we therefore plan to analyze how glial cells react and adapt their metabolism to age-related white matter myelin degeneration, and how lipoproteins participate in this process. We will determine the molecular anatomy of the major lipoproteins in the CNS to explore the role of lipoproteins in neurodegenerative diseases to understand both their protective functions as detoxifiers, and also their maladaptive, inflammatory functions driving pathology. We would like to propose a work program, in which we link the fundamental biology of lipid metabolism to myelin in the normal and diseased central nervous system. This approach will not only shed light on myelin biology and lipoproteins function and dysfunction, but may also open the door to new therapeutic venues for neurological disorders.
Anti-Populist discourse in european politics and media

In 2017, the Cambridge dictionary picked ‘populism’ as its ‘word of the year’. This is of no surprise. In the European context in particular, populism is blamed for serious problems, such as the polarisation of political life, the decline of trust towards institutions, political instability, and the aggression and stridency seen in the public sphere. However, the wide use of the term raises questions about what exactly is captured by it, and whether it offers a fruitful way of framing all these developments. Despite the impressive growth we see in populism research in the last decade, little attention has been drawn to how traditional liberal-centrist political and media actors counter the challenge of populism – i.e. to anti-populism. What often goes unnoticed is that the negative valence that ‘populism’ has acquired, and its elevation to a central political frame may itself be contributing to polarisation by solidifying a new divide along the populism/anti-populism line. Anti-pop will explain the role of anti-populism in political and media discourse and its confrontation with populism, and the implications of these for democratic debate. It will do this by developing an innovative interdisciplinary approach combining tools from linguistics with rhetorical analysis and concepts from political theory, and deploying it for the analysis of a large and varied body of data. Anti-pop’s findings and dissemination approach will foster in-depth reflection and assessment of this framing in European media, political, and institutional discourse, and will contribute to the nuancing of public debate.