SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Anion exchange membrane electrolysis for renewable hydrogen production on a wide-scale

The overall objective of the ANIONE project is to develop a high-performance, cost-effective and durable anion exchange membrane water electrolysis technology. The approach regards the use of an anion exchange membrane (AEM) and ionomer dispersion in the catalytic layers for hydroxide ion conduction in a system operating mainly with pure water. This system combines the advantages of both proton exchange membrane and liquid electrolyte alkaline technologies allowing the scalable production of low-cost hydrogen from renewable sources. The focus is on developing advanced short side chain Aquivion-based anion exchange polymer membranes comprising a perfluorinated backbone and pendant chains, covalently bonded to the perfluorinated backbone, with quaternary ammonium groups to achieve conductivity and stability comparable to their protonic analogous, and novel nanofibre reinforcements for mechanical stability and reduced gas crossover. Hydrocarbon AEM membranes consisting of either poly(arylene) or poly(olefin) backbone with quaternary ammonium hydroxide groups carried on tethers anchored on the polymeric backbone are developed in parallel. The project aims to validate a 2 kW AEM electrolyser with a hydrogen production rate of about 0.4 Nm3/h (TRL 4). The aim is to contribute to the road-map addressing the achievement of a wide scale decentralised hydrogen production infrastructure with the long-term goal to reach net zero CO2 emissions in EU by 2050. To reach such objectives, innovative reinforced anion exchange membranes will be developed in conjunction with non-critical raw materials (CRMs) high surface area electro-catalysts and membrane-electrode assemblies. Cost-effective stack hardware materials and novel stack designs will contribute to decrease the capital costs of these systems. After appropriate screening of active materials, in terms of performance and stability, in single cells, these components will be validated in an AEM electrolysis stack operating with high differential pressure and assessed in terms of performance, load range and durability under steady-state and dynamic operating conditions. The proposed solutions can contribute significantly to reducing the electrolyser CAPEX and OPEX costs. The project will deliver a techno-economic analysis and an exploitation plan for successive developments with the aim to bring the innovations to market. The consortium comprises an electrolyser manufacturer, membrane, catalysts and MEAs suppliers.
Acute pathophysiological influences of conducted electrical weapons in humans: A review of current literature

Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs) deliver short high-voltage, low current energy pulses to temporarily paralyze a person by causing muscular contraction. The narrative of this article is a methodical analysis on acute pathophysiological changes within the central nervous system, cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, sympatho-adrenergic and muskuloskeletal system which can occur after application of conducted electrical weapons on human subjects. The results are based on wide-ranging literature analysis and source studies. The majority of the recent scientific publications on humans classify the health risks of an appropriate use of the CEWs device as minor. However, there still is an uncertainty about possible side-effects of these devices. Therefore medical supervision with human application is advised.
OHSAS CERTIFICATION 18.001

THE PROJECT AIMS TO INCREASE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE COMPANY THROUGH THE CONSOLIDATION OF ITS MARKET SHARES AND TO ENHANCE THE IMAGE OF THE COMPANY. IN FACT, IN VIEW OF THE INCREASINGLY FREQUENT DEMANDS IN TERMS OF COMPLIANCE OF A COMPANY WITH RESPECT TO THE MANDATORY REGULATIONS IN FORCE, 3B SAWMILL INTENDS TO IMPLEMENT A PATH OF INNOVATION AIMED AT OBTAINING THE OHSAS 18001:2007 CERTIFICATION. THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS SYSTEM
On the linguistic effects of articulatory ease, with a focus on sign languages

Spoken language has a well-known drive for ease of articulation, which Kirchner (1998, 2004) analyzes as reduction of the total magnitude of all biomechanical forces involved. We extend Kirchner’s insights from vocal articulation to manual articulation, with a focus on joint usage, and we discuss ways that articulatory ease might be realized in sign languages. In particular, moving more joints and/or joints more proximal to the torso results in greater mass being moved, and thus more articulatory force being expended, than moving fewer joints or moving more distal joints. We predict that in casual conversation, where articulatory ease is prized, moving fewer joints should be favored over moving more, and moving distal joints should be favored over moving proximal joints. We report on the results of our study of the casual signing of fluent signers of American Sign Language, which confirm our predictions: in comparison to citation forms of signs, the casual variants produced by the signers in our experiment exhibit an overall decrease in average joint usage, as well as a general preference for more distal articulation than is used in citation form. We conclude that all language, regardless of modality, is shaped by a fundamental drive for ease of articulation. Our work advances a cross-modality approach for considering ease of articulation, develops a potentially important vocabulary for describing variations in signs, and demonstrates that American Sign Language exhibits variation that can be accounted for in terms of ease of articulation. We further suggest that the linguistic drive for ease of articulation is part of a broader tendency for the human body to reduce biomechanical effort in all physical activities.
Analysis and Modeling of the Variations of Root Branching Density Within Individual Plants and Among Species

Branching density (or the reciprocal: inter-branch distance) is an important trait which contributes to defining the number of roots in individual plants. The environmental and local variations in inter-branch distance have often been stressed, and simulations models have been put forward to take them into account within the dynamics of root system architecture (RSA). However, little is known about the interspecific and intra-plant variations of inter-branch distance. In this paper, we present an analysis which draws on 40 samples of plants belonging to 36 species collected in homogeneous soils, to address how the variations in inter-branch distance are structured within individual plants, and how this structure varies from one species to another. Using measurements of inter-branch distance on various roots of the same species and our knowledge of the branching process, we defined a simple and generic model dedicated to the simulation of the observed variations. This model distinguishes between two sub-processes: i) the longitudinal location of potential branching sites and ii) the effective emergence of lateral roots at these sites. Thus, it represents the variations in distance between the potential sites (with two parameters), and the probability of emergence of a lateral root at each site (one parameter). We show the ability of this model to account for the main variations in inter-branch distances with a limited number of parameters, and we estimated them for the different species. These parameters can be considered as promising traits to characterize-in a comprehensive and simple way-the genetic and environmental variations in the whole branching process at plant level. Based on the results, we make recommendations for carrying out comparable measurements of the branching density in developed plants. Moreover, we suggest the integration of this new model as a module in future RSA simulators, to improve their capacity to account for this important and highly variable characteristic of plant species.
Trends in family labour, hired labour and contract work on French field crop farms: The role of the Common Agricultural Policy

Abstract This paper investigates French field crop farms’ use of various types of labour during the period 1990–2007. We explore the determinants of the three types of labour used on farm (family labour, hired labour and contract labour), with a particular emphasis on the impact of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reforms and subsidies on the three labour types. We estimate a system of three equations, including a censored model, using the French Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) database. We find that hired labour and contract labour are substitutes as expected, but that hired labour and family labour are complements. This may reveal complementarities between management tasks (which are specifically for the farm head and family labour) and technical operations (the only operations performed by hired labour). In addition, we find that, in general, crop area payments and Single Farm Payments (SFP) have reduced farm labour, while agri-environmental payments, Less Favoured Area (LFA) payments and investment subsidies have increased it. Our results agree with most of the literature that coupled and decoupled area payments reduce labour use on farms.
One electron oxygen reduction in room temperature ionic liquids: A comparative study of Butler–Volmer and Symmetric Marcus–Hush theories using microdisc electrodes

The voltammetry for the reduction of oxygen at a microdisc electrode is reported in two room temperature ionic liquids: 1-butyl-1-methylpyyrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([Bmpyrr][NTf2]) and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis9trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([P14,6,6,6][NTf2]) at 298 K. Simulated voltammograms using Butler-Volmer theory and Symmetric Marcus-Hush (SMH) theory were compared with experimental data. Butler-Volmer theory consistently provided experimental parameters with a higher level of certainty than SMH theory. A value of solvent reorganisation energy for oxygen reduction in ionic liquids was inferred for the first time as 0.4-0.5 eV, which is attributable to inner-sphere reorganisation with a negligible contribution from solvent reorganisation. The developed Butler-Volmer and Symmetric Marcus-Hush programs are also used to theoretically study the possibility of kinetically limited steady state currents, and to establish an approximate equivalence relationship between microdisc electrodes and spherical electrodes resting on a surface for steady state voltammetry for both Butler-Volmer and Symmetric Marcus-Hush theory.
Recording beam control for color image reproduction

A method of generating a recording beam control function for reproducing an original colored image in which a record medium is exposed to a recording beam of radiation under the control of the control function comprises (a) generating a proof (7) from the original image; (b) generating a first recording beam control function (4) at least partly from the original image using a different reproductive process (2,3); (c) comparing the color of one or more selected areas of the proof (7A,7B) with the color of the corresponding area or areas defined by the first control function; and, (d) modifying the first control function in response to the result of the comparison step to generate a second control function (6) adapted to minimize differences in color between the proof and the reproduced image.
Lake sediments record high intensity shaking that provides insight into the location and rupture length of large earthquakes on the Alpine Fault, New Zealand

Abstract Understanding the seismic hazard posed by large earthquakes requires paleoseismic investigation because most faults have not ruptured repeatedly during the period of historic records. However, determining the location and length of fault ruptures using paleoseismic data remains challenging. Our study demonstrates that lake sediments record the high intensity shaking that occurs proximal to fault rupture, allowing the location and length of ruptures to be reconstructed. In two lakes adjacent to the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, seismic shaking is recorded as subaqueous mass-wasting derived turbidites formed by coseismic subaqueous slope failures, which are overlain by sets of hyperpycnites representing elevated fluvial sediment fluxes from earthquake-induced landslides. Precise radiocarbon age models show that shaking events are synchronous between the two lake sites and correlate with the timing of known Alpine Fault earthquakes. Modelled shaking intensities for the last two Alpine Fault earthquakes show that subaqueous mass-wasting occurs when shaking intensities exceed Modified Mercalli scale (MM) VI–VII, and that fluvial sediment fluxes from earthquake-induced landslides occur when shaking intensities exceed MM IX. The data demonstrate that lake records distinguish between strong (MM VI) and violent (MM IX) shaking at a lake site. The ability to map the spatial extent of MM IX shaking provides new insights into the timing and extent of rupture for the last five earthquakes on the Alpine Fault. The study demonstrates that lake deposits constrain the spatial extent of rupture during large earthquakes and may yield long records of the spatial and temporal patterns of fault rupture.
AMORPHOUS FORM OF TELOTRISTAT ETIPRATE

The present invention relates to amorphous forms of telotristat etiprate, to processes for preparing them, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and to their medical use for the treatment of serotonin-mediated diseases or disorders.
DETERMINING MEDICAL STAFFING FOR ORAL IMMUNOTHERAPY

Described herein are systems and methods for determining medical staffing requirements for administering OIT to patients. Specifically, the methods and systems disclosed herein can determine the time required by a medical staff at a given treatment location to devote to administering OIT to patients as well as the number of patients undergoing OIT over a selected time period. The methods and systems disclosed herein can further provide the time required by providers and clinical staff at a given treatment location to devote to administering OIT to patients.
Analysis of the Two-Step Scheduling Framework with Transfer Speedup under Non-Uniform Traffic

We recently proposed the two-step scheduling framework (TSS) for multi-card optical switches: first, input ports on each card are assigned a different wavelength, then for every wavelength a matching is found among all cards. The proposed framework significantly improves the scheduler scalability and seamlessly adheres to the modular switch architectural constraints. In this paper TSS is evaluated from both the complexity and performance standpoints. The complexity analysis demonstrates the advantages of TSS in terms of required signaling and performed operations compared to a classical single-step scheduler. The performance analysis is conducted under non-uniform traffic, i.e., with a packet distribution highly skewed toward specific source-destination pairs. TSS latency using heuristic scheduling algorithms is shown to increase, compared to the one using computationally intensive optimal algorithms, especially at high loads. To counteract this issue, the transfer speedup technique is exploited, which allows to send more than one packet within a switching interval, while issuing a single scheduling decision. Results on different switch configurations demonstrate that the smallest transfer speedup allows TSS using suboptimal algorithms to achieve performance comparable to using optimal ones.
Heritage and New Media for Sustainable Regional Development

The intention of the HERMES project is to promote and to support sustainable regional development by innovative interactions of cultural heritage and the new electronic media. In particular, the project aims to upgrade regional identity by improving the perception of heritage with the help of new media tools and to maintain historical sites by new uses. All HERMES activities are based on a completely new approach of interaction between urban, cultural and media spaces. The following main activities will be carried out: - Trans-national feasibility studies and pilot projects as a basis for media promotion and tourist use of common European Heritage Roots (Ancient Greece, Byzantine culture, Romanesque/Gothic, Classical Period, Industrial Heritage, Deformation of European Cultures by Fascism and Totalitarianism, Modern/ Bauhaus); - Preservation and redevelopment of cultural heritage sites based on trans-national concepts by introducing new utilisation and settling of SME, especially in the field of new media; - Promoting the attractiveness of cultural heritage sites by electronic forms of presentation and communication, (i.e. Heritage-Internet-Cafés); - Building up a CADSES Heritage-Internet-Radio with the involvement of radio stations from 8 countries, developing new tools of Internet Live-Streaming as well as presenting CADSES Heritage-Media-Bridges (virtual cultural routes); - Providing CADSES-wide open educational and qualification offers for young experts and multipliers; - Establishing a sustainable, long term HERMES network as future tool of communication and co-operation within the CADSES space.
Distribution, possible sources, and health risk assessment of SVOC pollution in small streams in Pearl River Delta, China

The pollution levels of typical semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) consisting of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 20 organic chlorinated pesticides (OCPs), and 15 phthalate esters (PAEs) were investigated in small rivers running through the flourishing cities in Pearl River Delta region, China. The concentrations of ∑15PAHs were 2.0-48 ng/L and 29-1.2 × 10(3) ng/g in the water and sediment samples, respectively. The ∑20OCPs were 6.6-57 ng/L and 9.3-6.0 × 10(2) ng/g in the water and sediment samples, respectively. The concentrations of ∑15PAEs were much higher both in the water and sediments. The partition process of the detected SVOCs between the water and sediment did not reach the equilibrium state at most of the sites when sampling. The combustion of petroleum products and coal was the major source of the detected PAHs. The OCPs were mainly historical residue, whereas the new inputs of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), chlordane, and endosulfan were possible at several sites. The industrial and domestic sewage were the major source for the PAEs; storm water runoff accelerated the input of PAEs. No chronic risk of the SVOCs was identified by a health risk assessment through daily water consumption, except for the ∑20OCPs that might cause cancer at several sites. Nevertheless, the integrated health risk of the SVOCs should not be neglected and need intensive investigations.
The Impact of Work-Family Programs on the Relationship between Gender Diversity and Performance

Work–family programs signal an employer's perspective on gender diversity to employees, and can influence whether the effects of diversity on performance are positive or negative. This article tests the interactive effects of nonmanagement gender diversity and work–family programs on productivity, and management gender diversity and work–family programs on financial performance. The predictions were tested in 198 Australian publicly listed organizations using primary (survey) and secondary (publicly available) data based on a two-year time lag between diversity and performance. The findings indicate that nonmanagement gender diversity leads to higher productivity in organizations with many work–family programs, and management gender diversity leads to lower financial performance in organizations with few work–family programs. The results suggest different business cases at nonmanagement and management levels for the adoption of work–family programs in gender-diverse organizations.
What is the minimum amount of simulated breast movement required for visual detection of blurring? An exploratory investigation

Image blurring in mammography can cause significant image degradation and interpretational problems. A potential source is due to paddle movement during image formation. Paddle movement has been shown to be as much as 1.5 mm. No study has yet been performed to determine how much motion would be noticeable visually. The aim of this study is to determine the minimum amount of simulated breast movement at which blurring can be detected visually.25 artefact-free mammogram images were selected. Mathematical simulation software was created to mimic the effect of blurring produced by breast movement during exposure. Motion simulation was imposed to 15 levels, from 0.1 to 1.5 mm stepping through 0.1 mm increments. 15 degraded images and 1 without blurring were de-identified, randomized and assessed on a blinded basis by two clinical experts to determine the presence or absence of blurring. Statistical testing was carried out to determine the consistency between the two observers.The probability of simulated blurred image detection is the highest for the gaussian method and the lowest for soft-edged mask estimation.The amount of simulated breast movement at which blurring can be detected visually for gaussian blur, hard-edge mask estimation and soft-edge mask estimation is 0.4, 0.8 and 0.7 mm, respectively. Cohen's kappa for all the levels of simulated blurring is 0.689 (p < 0.05).This research establishes the concept of using probability to represent visual detection of blurring rather than defining a hard cut-off level.
From Ancient Maritime Routes to eco-touristic destinations

Involved territories are characterized for having hosted in the past ancient harbors who have been always considered marginal to cities’ development, thus scarcely attractive for visitors. The common territorial challenge faced by the project is then that ancient harbor sites have a high but unused potential for economic growth as ecotourism destinations, especially off-season and are also characterized by an insufficient involvement of community actors in cultural heritage valorization. APPRODI main objective is to promote and valorize cultural heritages in ADRION area by enhancing management and promotion of ancient harbors sites as touristic destinations and by improving the involvement of local communities. 5 pilot sites will be valorized as new potential destinations by applying innovative techniques, such as geo-archeological investigations (Ortona, Durazzo, Dubrovnik) whose findings will be exposed in Museums exhibitions or zero impact and zero infrastructures solutions for an innovative coastal and lagoon archaeological park (Torcello, Venice). Awareness raising actions and thematic events will be implemented inviting commercial operators and key stakeholders to promote new destinations and to include them in existing touristic circuits. In addition to the 5 small scale investments pilot tests, project main outputs will include: a joint strategic plan for the promotion of valorized touristic destinations, training to professionals of the touristic sector and unemployed young people as an encouragement of business and trade development based on cultural heritage, the network of “ANCIENT ADRION PORTS City” to strengthen the relations amongst the involved cities through a consolidated community that will be enlarged to other existing ancient harbors located in the ADRION area. APPRODI aims then at a qualitative change in the nature of tourism demand with a transnational approach and at increasing visibility of the valorized new destinations.