SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Modeling a Government-Manufacturer-Farmer game for food supply chain risk management

Abstract Farmers may add chemical additives to crops to enhance their appearances/tastes or decrease their costs, which may also increase the food demand and sales profits. Manufacturers buy products from farmers and sell them to consumers, where the government benefits from tax income based on sales revenues. However, once the contaminated food is consumed, customers could get sick. The government would, thus, be partially responsible for society's health risks from the chemical additives. The punishment policies are set up by the government to regulate and deter farmers' and manufacturers' risky behavior, balancing tax income, punishment income, and society's health risks. Based on the observation of government regulations, the farmers strategically choose the optimal level of chemical additives, and manufacturers pay the appropriate price to farmers. To our knowledge, little work has studied the strategic interactions among the regulating government, manufacturers, and farmers with endogenous customer demand. This paper fills this gap by building a Government-Manufacturer-Farmer model with three decentralized and centralized sub-models. The models are validated and illustrated through applying the 2008 Sanlu food contamination data. Our results show that (a) the higher the food price is, the higher the punishment is needed to deter the use of chemicals; (b) the optimal chemical level increases in the payment to the farmer when it is low and decreases in the government punishment; (c) the manufacturer's payment to the farmer decreases in the government punishment; (d) the chemical level is significantly higher in the centralized model than in the decentralized model especially when the food price and slope for sales amount are high, or the base sales demand, tax rate, and chemical cost are low; and (e) the decentralized model leads to the lowest chemical level at equilibrium. This paper provides some novel policy insights for food supply chain risk management.
Motion of small bodies in classical field theory

I show how prior work with R. Wald on geodesic motion in general relativity can be generalized to classical field theories of a metric and other tensor fields on four-dimensional spacetime that 1) are second-order and 2) follow from a diffeomorphism-covariant Lagrangian. The approach is to consider a one-parameter-family of solutions to the field equations satisfying certain assumptions designed to reflect the existence of a body whose size, mass, and various charges are simultaneously scaled to zero. (That such solutions exist places a further restriction on the class of theories to which our results apply.) Assumptions are made only on the spacetime region outside of the body, so that the results apply to ordinary bodies as well as black holes. The worldline "left behind" by the shrinking, disappearing body is interpreted as its lowest-order motion. An equation for this worldline follows from the "Bianchi identity" for the theory, without use of any properties of the field equations beyond their being second-order. The form of the force law for a theory therefore depends only on the ranks of its various tensor fields, with the field equations relevant only for determining the charges of a particular body from its exterior fields. I explicitly derive the force law (and mass-evolution law) in the case of scalar and vector fields, and give the recipe in the higher-rank case. Note that the vector force law is quite complicated, simplifying to the Lorentz force law only in the presence of the Maxwell gauge symmetry. Example applications of the results are the motion of "chameleon" bodies beyond the Newtonian limit, and the motion of bodies in (classical) non-Abelian gauge theory. I also make some comments on the role that scaling plays in the appearance of universality in the motion of bodies.
The UGG Isoacceptor of tRNAPro Is Naturally Prone to Frameshifts

Native tRNAs often contain post-transcriptional modifications to the wobble position to expand the capacity of reading the genetic code. Some of these modifications, due to the ability to confer imperfect codon-anticodon pairing at the wobble position, can induce a high propensity for tRNA to shift into alternative reading frames. An example is the native UGG isoacceptor of E. coli tRNAPro whose wobble nucleotide U34 is post-transcriptionally modified to cmo5U34 to read all four proline codons (5'-CCA, 5'-CCC, 5'-CCG, and 5'-CCU). Because the pairing of the modified anticodon to CCC codon is particularly weak relative to CCA and CCG codons, this tRNA can readily shift into both the +1 and +2-frame on the slippery mRNA sequence CCC-CG. We show that the shift to the +2-frame is more dominant, driven by the higher stability of the codon-anticodon pairing at the wobble position. Kinetic analysis suggests that both types of shifts can occur during stalling of the tRNA in a post-translocation complex or during translocation from the A to the P-site. Importantly, while the +1-frame post complex is active for peptidyl transfer, the +2-frame complex is a poor peptidyl donor. Together with our recent work, we draw a mechanistic distinction between +1 and +2-frameshifts, showing that while the +1-shifts are suppressed by the additional post-transcriptionally modified m1G37 nucleotide in the anticodon loop, the +2-shifts are suppressed by the ribosome, supporting a role of the ribosome in the overall quality control of reading-frame maintenance.
FLUIDIZED BED AND METHOD OF PROCESSING MATERIAL

An improved fluid bed furnace is disclosed which is useful in heat treating products or particles which are to undergo a change due to exposure to high temperatures. The bed is heated by lamps effectively buried in the bed radiating energy to the fluidized particles. In one embodiment, the lamps are protected by a ceramic tube with the lamps heating the tubes which in turn heat the fluid bed.
Tra terra e cielo: la topografia ed il culto del <i>lucus Deae Diae</i> - H. Broise, e J. Scheid. 2020. Recherches archéologiques à La Magliana, 3. Un bois sacré du <i>Suburbium</i> romain : topographie générale du site <i>ad Deam Diam</i>. Roma Antica 8. Roma: École française de Rome; Soprintendenza Speciale Archeologia Belle Arti Paesaggio di Roma. Pp. 521. ISSN 1120-8597 – ISBN 978-2-7283-1476-8.

Tra terra e cielo: la topografia ed il culto del lucus Deae Diae - H. Broise, e J. Scheid. 2020. Recherches archéologiques à La Magliana, 3. Un bois sacré du Suburbium romain : topographie générale du site ad Deam Diam. Roma Antica 8. Roma: École française de Rome; Soprintendenza Speciale Archeologia Belle Arti Paesaggio di Roma. Pp. 521. ISSN 1120-8597 – ISBN 978-2-7283-1476-8.
Carboplatin in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma: Results of the first Brazilian Collaborative Study Group for Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumors-EWING1

Large cooperative group studies have shown the efficacy of risk-adapted treatment for Ewing sarcoma. However, validation and local adaptation by National cooperative groups is needed. A multicenter protocol to determine the efficacy and safety of a risk-adapted intensive regimen was developed by the Brazilian cooperative group.Patients <30 years old with Ewing sarcoma were eligible. Induction chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide) followed by two cycles of VDC (vincristine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide), followed by local control. Patients with low risk (LR) disease (localized resectable with normal LDH) received 10 additional alternating courses of IE with VDC. For patients with high-risk (HR) disease (unresectable, pelvic, metastatic, or high LDH), two additional cycles of ICE were given.One-hundred seventy five patients (39% metastatic) were enrolled. Fifty-two patients (29.7%) were LR and 123 (70.3%) were HR. Overall response rate at end of induction was 27.4%. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) estimates were 51.4% and 54.4%, respectively. Patients with localized disease had better outcomes than patients with metastases (5-year EFS 67.9% vs. 25.5%, and 5-year OS 70.3% vs. 29.1%, respectively). On multivariate analysis, the presence of metastatic disease was the only prognostic factor (P < 0.01).The VDC/ICE protocol was feasible, and considering the high tumor burden in our population, resulted in comparable results to those reported by cooperative groups in high-income countries. Further adaptation to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity will be required.
Study on Adsorption of Coal Bed Methane in Huale Exploration Zone of Zhina Coalfield in West Guizhou

In order to find out the coal bed methane adsorption features of the main mining seams in the Huale Exploration Zone and the main geological factors affected to the adsorption,the isothermal adsorption experiment results of the collected coal samples were applied to the study on the logging information of two coal bed methane wells in Huale Exploration Zone.The study results showed that the adsorption value of the main mining seam in Huale Exploration zone was high,the dry no ash base Langes volume was ranging from 17.69~21.38 m3/t and the average was 19.46 m3/t.The site measured saturation of the coal reservoir all was less than 100% generally,the distribution was 75.04%~105.55%,the average was 84.51% and the above showed that the coal reservoir in the area was less saturated reservoir.The critical desorption pressure was 1.22~9.10 MPa and the average was 3.25 MPa.The theoretical mining recovery rate was ranging from 19.96%~46.15% and the average was 34.51%.In main geological factors affected to the adsorption of the coal reservoir,the coal reservoir pressure and the reservoir depth would have obvious positive relationship to the gas content and meanwhile,the higher metamorphic degree of the coal reservoir,the more developed of the micro pore and small pore in the seam would be and the higher adsorption capacity of the methane would be.
Optimization of a reliable combined cooling, heat and power microgrid system

In this paper a novel intelligent method is applied to the problem of sizing in a microgrid power system for Ganje area in the north-west Iran such that the electrical, heating and cooling demands of this residential area are met. The microgrid consists of fuel cells, wind turbine units, electrolyzers, a reformer, an anaerobic reactor, hydrogen and thermal storage tanks and also an absorption chiller. The heat and cooling requirements of the microgrid consist of water heating, space heating and apace cooling loads. The heat produced by fuel cells is used to supply the required heat and cooling of microgrid. In this study the authors used an absorption chiller to supply the required space cooling within the microgrid. When the heat produced by fuel cells is more than demand, surplus heat is stored within the thermal storage tank. On the other hand, when the produced heat by fuel cells together with the stored heat in a thermal storage cannot meet heating and cooling demand, waste and natural gas are employed to generate additional required heat and cooling energy for the system. The objective of the present study is to minimize the total cost of the system and simultaneously taking into account the reliability of the considered microgrid.
Data-mining approach for battery materials

In this work we present a data-driven approach to the rational design of battery materials based on both resource and performance considerations. This work builds upon previous efforts by Gaultois and coworkers to use data mining to explore battery materials. A large database of Li-ion battery material has been created by abstracting information from over 200 publications. The database consists of over 16,000 data points from various classes of materials. In addition to reference information regarding author, publication, synthesis and material composition, key parameters and variables determining the performance of batteries were collected including energy density, power density, discharge capacity, lithiation potential, capacity retention upon cycling and many others. In addition to performance considerations, this work also includes resource considerations such as crustal abundance and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, a commonly accepted measure of market concentration, calculated from geological data (known elemental reserves) and geopolitical data (elemental production). The data is organized into a free web-based resource where battery researchers can employ a unique visualization method to plot database parameters against one another. The resulting high-information density plots are well suited to explore correlation, comparison and analysis of both performance and resource considerations in battery materials simultaneously. This contribution is concerned with cathode and anode electrode materials. Cathode materials are mostly based on the intercalation mechanism while anode materials are primarily based on conversion and alloying. Also Na and Li resources are compared to determine viability of one battery type that can supply worldwide energy by renewable resources. Results indicate that cathode materials follow a common trend consistent with their crystal structure. On the other hand anode materials display behavior based on elemental composition. Of particular interest is that cobaltate electrodes may not be justifiable in terms of performance and resource consideration in cathodes and those silicate materials may be a good candidate for next generation anode electrodes. Resource consideration of Li-ion batteries showed that, there is an exhaustible supply that necessitates production of other type of batteries such as Na-ion batteries.
Governing processes for reactive nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere in relation to ecosystem, climatic and human health impacts

Abstract. Reactive nitrogen (Nr) compounds have different fates in the atmosphere due to differences in governing processes of physical transport, deposition and chemical transformation. Nr compounds addressed here include reduced nitrogen (NHx: ammonia (NH3) and its reaction product ammonium (NH4+)), oxidized nitrogen (NOy: nitrogen monoxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and their reaction products) as well as organic nitrogen compounds (organic N). Pollution abatement strategies need to take into account these differences in the governing processes of these compounds when assessing their impact on ecosystem services, biodiversity, human health and climate. NOx (NO + NO2) emitted from traffic affects human health in urban areas where the presence of buildings increases the residence time in streets. In urban areas this leads to enhanced exposure of the population to NOx concentrations. NOx emissions have little impact on nearby ecosystems because of the small dry deposition rates of NOx. These compounds need to be converted into nitric acid (HNO3) before removal through deposition is efficient. HNO3 sticks quickly to any surface and is thereby either dry deposited or incorporated into aerosols as nitrate (NO3−). In contrast to NOx compounds, NH3 has potentially high impacts on ecosystems near the main agricultural sources of NH3 because of its large ground-level concentrations along with large dry deposition rates. Aerosol phase NH4+ and NO3− contribute significantly to background PM2.5 and PM10 (mass of aerosols with a diameter of less than 2.5 and 10 μm, respectively) with an impact on radiation balance as well as potentially on human health. Little is known quantitatively and qualitatively about organic N in the atmosphere, other than that it contributes a significant fraction of wet-deposited N, and is present in both gaseous and particulate forms in the atmosphere. Further studies are needed to characterize the sources, air chemistry and removal rates of organic N emissions.
Partnership on European Regional Innovation Agencies

PERIA is a co-operation project between Regional Innovation Agencies and Regional Authorities in Europe with the aims of: 
• sharing experience and methodologies on innovation services and policies
• learning from each other in the management of regional innovation systems.
PERIA focuses on regional innovation policy and on the tools used for implementing innovation: the Regional Innovation Agency (RIA)
A Regional Innovation Agency is an organization in close cooperation and connection with the regional authority (government) with the following public assignments:
- support the growth of enterprises through innovative projects,
- develop an innovation-friendly environment, notably with operational partnerships with universities, research laboratories or technical centres,
- improve the region's knowledge base, encourage the knowledge spreading,
- develop and improve the region's innovation services and strengthen the region's innovation network.
Whatever its official name, any organism with the above assignments will be considered as a Regional Innovation Agency (RIA).

The objectives of PERIA are to develop within regions with a common interest their proficiency in regional innovation policy, in innovation management techniques and in fostering of Research-Development-Innovation relationships: 
- to meet and jointly identify practices of regional innovation support
- to select good practices, especially those which impact positively on the SMEs innovation potential
- experimentally transfer these practices to the Regional authority and RIA based on a feasibility study
- and disseminate this knowledge of practices and transfer to other European Regional authority, RIAs and relevant actors in the field of innovation. This particularly to the regions that are currently in the process of developing their innovation policy through the implementation of specific regional tools such as RIA.
Beyond these exchanges, the improvement of regional innovation policy and regional innovation support tools is the goal of PERIA in order to offer greater support to SMEs in developing their innovation projects. 

To achieve its objectives, PERIA will focus on the political level and on the operational level and ensure a connection between these two by having specific Working Groups that will in the second half of the project come together to work on the transfer of three selected good practices. Throughout the project, several events at regional, national and European level will be organised to familiarise innovation stakeholders and actors at these respective levels on this initiative and encourage the transfer of good practices inside and outside the partnership.
Simultaneous determination of lappaconitine hydrobromide and isopropiram fumarate in rabbit plasma by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection

A CE electrochemiluminescence (CE-ECL) method for simultaneous determination of lappaconitine hydrobromide (LH) and isopropiram fumarate (IF) has been first established, with a chemically modified platinum electrode by europium (III)-doped Prussian blue analogue film as a working electrode. The conditions for CE separation and ECL detection are discussed and optimized in detail. It has been proved that 20 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 8.5) containing 5% (v/v) ACN and 0.17 mol/L SDS could achieve the most favorable resolution, and the high sensitivity of detection was obtained by maintaining the detection potential at 1.23 V. Under optimized conditions, a baseline separation for the two analytes was achieved within 6 min, and the standard curves were linear in the range of 1.0×10(-7) ~ 5.0 × 10(-5) g/mL for LH and 4.0 × 10(-8) ~ 1.0 × 10(-5) g/mL for IF with the detection limits (3σ) of 6.6 × 10(-8) g/mL for LH and 3.7 × 10(-8) g/mL for IF, respectively. The precisions of intra- and interday measurements for LH and IF were less than 4.21 and 2.61%, respectively. The applicability of the proposed method was illustrated in the determination of LH and IF in rabbit plasma with recoveries between 95.6 and 103.0%.
Impact of vector-mediated transmission on the evolution and ecology of a bee virus

The emergence of novel transmission routes is likely to have profound impacts on the ecology and evolution of infectious diseases, with potentially dramatic effects on host populations. This might be particularly drastic when transmission changes from direct to vector-borne transmission, where prevalence and virulence are expected to increase. Despite its importance for disease control, we lack empirical and theoretical understanding of this process. The emergence of Varroa destructor in honeybees provides a unique opportunity to study how a novel vector affects pathogen ecology and evolution: this ectoparasitic mite is a novel vector for Deformed Wing Virus (DWV), a disease linked to severe increases in hive mortality. To study the fundamental evolutionary ecology of emerging vector-borne diseases, I will exploit a unique natural experiment, the presence of Varroa-free island refugia, to test how this novel vector affects epidemiology and evolution in the field. I will adapt cutting-edge single molecule sequencing to guide  controlled lab experiments by viral evolution in the wild, establishing novel reverse genetics approaches in DWV to test causal links between phenotypic and molecular evolution. Like all emerging diseases, DWV is a multi-host pathogen that also infects wild bee species not infested by Varroa, such as bumblebees. This raises an additional question, highly relevant for zoonotic diseases: does this specialist honeybee vector impact disease in wild bee populations? I will model the impact of vector acquisition and evolving pathogens on host populations and test potential prevention and mitigation strategies to safeguard these crucial pollinators. This system will not only provide fundamental insights into the evolutionary ecology of disease, but is also of immediate applied importance: bees are key pollinators of crops and wildflowers, and halting population declines facilitated by infectious disease is crucial for food security and biodiversity.
Numerical Simulation of Condensation on Structured Surfaces

Condensation of liquid droplets on solid surfaces happens widely in nature and industrial processes. This phase-change phenomenon has great effect on the performance of some microfluidic devices. On the basis of micro- and nanotechnology, superhydrophobic structured surfaces can be well-fabricated. In this work, the nucleating and growth of droplets on different structured surfaces are investigated numerically. The dynamic behavior of droplets during the condensation is simulated by the multiphase lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), which has the ability to incorporate the microscopic interactions, including fluid-fluid interaction and fluid-surface interaction. The results by the LBM show that, besides the chemical properties of surfaces, the topography of structures on solid surfaces influences the condensation process. For superhydrophobic surfaces, the spacing and height of microridges have significant influence on the nucleation sites. This mechanism provides an effective way for prevention of wetting on surfaces in engineering applications. Moreover, it suggests a way to prevent ice formation on surfaces caused by the condensation of subcooled water. For hydrophilic surfaces, however, microstructures may be submerged by the liquid films adhering to the surfaces. In this case, microstructures will fail to control the condensation process. Our research provides an optimized way for designing surfaces for condensation in engineering systems.