SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Photonic integrated comb source: an economic feasibility study

Optical telecommunication networks are being put under huge strain by the rise in mobile video, video-on-demand and other  bandwidth intensive services. New disruptive innovations are needed to avoid the impending 'capacity crunch' that that has the potential to affect the growth of the Internet with knock-on adverse effects for the European and global economy and society.

Optical Frequency Comb Sources represent one such disruptive innovation. Optical Frequency Combs allow new modulation techniques to be used that increase the data carrying capacity and spectral efficiency of these networks.

The benefits of Optical Frequency Combs are well known, but to date no-one has figured out a cost-efficient means to employ them in network equipment. Pilot Photonics Ltd., an Irish SME has licensed a suite of intellectual property around Optical Frequency Combs that has the potential to disrupt the market and displace the single mode lasers that have been used in long haul optical transport equipment for two decades.

The intellectual property offers two capabilities: The cost-effective generation of a suitable optical comb, and the cost-efficient demultiplexing of that optical comb for modulation. Both techniques are suitable for photonic integration and can be fabricated using foundry compatible processes, enhancing their viability greatly. The comb generation technique is currently being marketed in bench-top form factor, while integrated prototypes have been produced. The demultiplexing concept has been proven in both bench-top experiments and in photonic integrated circuits. The innovation is in their combination to create value beyond the sum of the parts.

The PICOMB project will examine the economic feasibility of this disruptive innovation, through detailed interaction with potential customers and partners. The outputs will be a detailed market survey, desired customer specifications, and cost model which will be combined into a comprehensive business plan.
AGRICULTURAL FACILITY FOR CULTIVATING PLANTS OR BREEDING PRODUCTION ANIMALS USING A GREENHOUSE THAT CAN STORE AND RELEASE HEAT ENERGY FROM THE SUN

The plant cultivation facility is characterised in particular in that it uses: a greenhouse (1) comprising a light-transparent roof (3) mounted on a load-bearing framework formed by roof bows (10) implanted in the ground and stringers (11) connecting the roof bows to one another; earth tubes (4) installed in the ground under the internal space of the greenhouse (1), said earth tubes being in a heat exchange relationship with the internal space of the greenhouse; optionally a heat-storage capacitor (5) distributed around the earth tubes (4) and in a heat exchange relationship therewith; and at least one circulation means (6) allowing air to flow between the greenhouse (1) and the earth tubes.
Atmospheric rivers do not explain UK summer extreme rainfall

Extreme rainfall events continue to be one of the largest natural hazards in the UK. In winter, heavy precipitation and floods have been linked with intense moisture transport events associated with atmospheric rivers (ARs), yet no large-scale atmospheric precursors have been linked to summer flooding in the UK. This study investigates the link between ARs and extreme rainfall from two perspectives: (1) Given an extreme rainfall event, is there an associated AR? (2) Given an AR, is there an associated extreme rainfall event? We identify extreme rainfall events using the UK Met Office daily rain gauge data set and link these to ARs using two different horizontal resolution atmospheric data sets (ERA-Interim and Twentieth Century Reanalysis). The results show that less than 35% of winter ARs and less than 15% of summer ARs are associated with an extreme rainfall event. Consistent with previous studies, at least 50% of extreme winter rainfall events are associated with an AR. However, less than 20% of the identified summer extreme rainfall events are associated with an AR. The dependence of the water vapor transport intensity threshold used to define an AR on the years included in the study, and on the length of the season, is also examined. Including a longer period (1900–2012) compared to previous studies (1979–2005) reduces the water vapor transport intensity threshold used to define an AR.
Protein Logic: A Statistical Mechanical Study of Signal Integration at the Single-Molecule Level

Information processing and decision making is based upon logic operations, which in cellular networks has been well characterized at the level of transcription. In recent years however, both experimentalists and theorists have begun to appreciate that cellular decision making can also be performed at the level of a single protein, giving rise to the notion of protein logic. Here we systematically explore protein logic using a well known statistical mechanical model. As an example system, we focus on receptors which bind either one or two ligands, and their associated dimers. Notably, we find that a single heterodimer can realize any of the 16 possible logic gates, including the XOR gate, by variation of biochemical parameters. We then introduce the novel idea that a set of receptors with fixed parameters can encode functionally unique logic gates simply by forming different dimeric combinations. An exhaustive search reveals that the simplest set of receptors (two single-ligand receptors and one double-ligand receptor) can realize several different groups of three unique gates, a result for which the parametric analysis of single receptors and dimers provides a clear interpretation. Both results underscore the surprising functional freedom readily available to cells at the single-protein level.
The Association of Hospital Characteristics and Quality Improvement Activities in Inpatient Medical Services

Quality of U.S. health care has been the focus of increasing attention, with deficiencies in patient care well recognized and documented. However, relatively little is known about the extent to which hospitals engage in quality improvement activities (QIAs) or factors influencing extent of QIAs.To identify 1) the extent of QIAs in Veterans Administration (VA) inpatient medical services; and 2) factors associated with widespread adoption of QIAs, in particular use of hospitalists, non-physician providers, and extent of goal alignment between the inpatient service and senior managers on commitment to quality.Cross-sectional, descriptive study of QIAs using a survey administered to Chiefs of Medicine (COM) at all 124 VA acute care hospitals. We conducted hierarchical regression, regressing QIA use on facility contextual variables, followed by use of hospitalists, non-physician providers, and goal alignment/quality commitment.Outcome measures pertained to use of a set of 27 QIAs and to three dimensions--infrastructure, prevention, and information gathering--that were identified by factor analysis among the 27 QIAs overall.Survey response rate was 90 % (111/124). Goal alignment/quality commitment was associated with more widespread use of all four QIA categories [infrastructure (b = 0.42; p < 0.001); prevention (b = 0.24; p < 0.001); information gathering (b = 0.28; p = <0.001); and overall QIA (b = 0.31; p < 0.001)], as was greater use of hospitalists [infrastructure (b = 0.55; p = 0.03); prevention (b = 0.61; p < 0.001); information gathering (b = 0.75; p = 0.01); and overall QIAs (b = 0.61; p < 0.001)]; higher occupancy rate was associated with greater infrastructure QIAs (b = 1.05, p = 0.02). Non-physician provider use, hospital size, university affiliation, and geographic region were not associated with QIAs.As hospitals respond to changes in healthcare (e.g., pay for performance, accountable care organizations), this study suggests that practices such as use of hospitalists and leadership focus on goal alignment/quality commitment may lead to greater implementation of QIAs.
Fibrous sheet

This fibrous sheet (1A) includes a heat-shrink fibrous layer (1d) comprising heat-shrinkable fibers and has embossed parts (2). The fibrous sheet (1A) has multiple hemispherical high protrusions (32), multiple hemispherical low protrusions (33), and multiple hemispherical medium protrusions (31). The medium protrusions (31) have been disposed apart from each other along the X direction and disposed in multiple rows apart from each other along the Y direction. The high protrusions (32) have been disposed apart from each other along the X direction and disposed in multiple rows apart from each other along the Y direction. Each high protrusion (32) is surrounded by four medium protrusions (31). The low protrusions (33) each have been disposed between every two medium protrusions (31) which are adjacent to each other in the X direction and between every two high protrusions (32) which are adjacent to each other in the Y direction.
A Spectral Slit Approach to Doubletalk Detection

A new class of doubletalk detector based on exploiting a spectral slit is proposed. This is achieved by spectrally deleting a frequency band in the far-end signal such that when the near-end signal is present, only the near-end spectral information is present. The proposed method relies solely on the detection of speech activity period in the slit area, and significantly, it requires no estimation of the echo path. Evaluation in typical acoustic echo setups shows that the proposed method outperforms other conventional doubletalk detectors in terms of probability of miss detection even under poor echo-to-noise ratio (ENR), low echo-to-far-end ratio (EFR) conditions, and echo path change.
Investigations on Directed Infrared Countermeasures Risks to Fighter Aircraft Pilots

Directed Infrared Countermeasures (DIRCM) are used to protect aircrafts against missiles with infrared (IR) guidance. They are employed by military and civilian aircrafts, drawing away the guidance system of a missile as it attempts to lock onto the IR signature of the turbines. Unfortunately, the protection provided by these devices generates risks and challenges that must be overcome. In this paper, investigations on DIRCM risks to fighter aircraft pilots are carried out. Different kinds of lasers employed in actual DIRCMs are analyzed and the results show that, depending on their frequency (wavelength), damages can occur up to a distance of 4.8 km. The transmittance through the canopy of an F-5 fighter aircraft is evaluated and its effects on the IR propagation are predicted by the use of software called Counter-Measurements in PYTHON (CMePy). Results show that, even when there are interfaces between the pilot and the source of radiation, damages can occur, showing the importance of this investigation to the right understanding of this subject and future mitigations.
Inhibition of fungal growth by manganese depletion

The present invention provides a method of controlling growth of unwanted microorganisms by limiting their access to manganese. More specifically, the present invention provides a method of inhibiting or delaying growth of yeast and mold by reducing the manganese concentration in a product which is preferably a food product. The invention also provides manganese scavengers and uses thereof to inhibit or delay fungal growth.
Etudes des mécanismes cellulaires impliqués dans la signalisation calcique lors de l'exposition à des contaminants environnementaux : les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques (HAPs)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), constitute a major family of widely-distributed environmental contaminants known to promote various deleterious effects towards human health, including the development of cancers and cardiovascular pathologies. Most of these effects have been linked to the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor primarily located in the cytosol. In addition, PAHs have been shown to elicit an early and transient increase in intracellular calcium concentration, that is required for up-regulation of AhR-mediated induction of PAHs target genes and PAHs toxicity. However, the origin of PAHs-related calcium signal still yet unknown. Our results show that AhR is not involved in the calcium signal triggered by PAHs in our models. In addition, we demonstrated the prototypical PAH B(a)P can bind to s2ADR and to consequently activate a G protein/AC/cAMP/Epac-1/IP3 pathway, which in turn resulted into [Ca2+]i increase, required for B(a)P-mediated induction of the AhR gene target CYP1B1. Such data are therefore consistent with a previously-unsuspected implication of the s2ADR system in deleterious effects of environmental PAHs.
What is loop multiplication anyhow?

In the beginning we are taught that multiplication of pointed loops is just the first followed by the second. Later we learn that the cobar construction on the chains of the base is a model for the chains on the loop space, that is, this cobar construction is chain equivalent to the chains on the loop space. The cobar construction is a certain tensor algebra and has a natural multiplication of tensors. This multiplication of tensors models the multiplication induced by the multiplication of loops. But, because of the simplicity of the definition of loop multiplication, this modeling is not obvious. We interpret loop multiplication so that this modeling becomes a clear consequence of the naturality of Eilenberg–Moore methods applied to multiple or iterated pullbacks. In contrast, we observe that, if we require that it be invariant under homological equivalence of differential coalgebras, there is no natural modeling of the comultiplication in the loop space. But, in rational homotopy theory, results of Milnor–Moore and Quillen show that there is a natural modeling of the Hopf algebra structure of the loop space.
NOISE AND SEASONAL EFFECTS ON THE DYNAMICS OF PLANT–HERBIVORE MODELS WITH MONOTONIC PLANT GROWTH FUNCTIONS

We formulate general plant–herbivore interaction models with monotone plant growth functions (rates). We study the impact of monotone plant growth functions in general plant–herbivore models on their dynamics. Our study shows that all monotone plant growth models generate a unique interior equilibrium and they are uniform persistent under certain range of parameters values. However, if the attacking rate of herbivore is too small or the quantity of plant is not enough, then herbivore goes extinct. Moreover, these models lead to noise sensitive bursting which can be identified as a dynamical mechanism for almost periodic outbreaks of the herbivore infestation. Montone and non-monotone plant growth models are contrasted with respect to bistability and crises of chaotic attractors.
Tools and actions for impact assessment and policy makers information

TAIPI, Tools and Actions for Impact Assessment and Policy makers Information, is a CSA proposal to the “Policy environment for FET Flagships” topic of the call H2020-FETFLAG-2014. TAIPI addresses the scope of the this topic by undertaking actions related to: (i) Assessing the impacts of FET Flagship initiatives, including through metrics and indicators; (ii) Collection of information need for policy making, e.g. through consultation actions and surveys. The general objective of TAIPI is to support and strengthen the FET Flagship Initiative and the two selected Flagships. Specific objectives of TAIPI are: (i) To develop assessment methodologies along with the required toolkits which will be applied respectively to HBP and Graphene Flagships, (ii) To carry out the impact assessment of both Flagships and the Flagship policy by applying the specifically developed methodology and tools, (iii) To collect and provide information for policy makers and funding organizations participating to Flagships initiative, (iv) To transfer to the Flagships these developed toolkits, and to enable them to use these tools after the end of the CSA, thus ensuring the sustainability of the project activities. TAIPI is composed of 5 work packages: WP1 Management, WP2 Development of methodology, WP3 Impact assessment, WP4 Support to policy makers, WP5 Dissemination. TAIPI will assess the impacts of HBP and Graphene, enhance the flow of information from the Flagships towards policy makers, relevant stakeholders and wider public, improve the understanding of the impacts of the Flagships on science, technology, economy and society and contribute to create a stable and structured environment for the benefit of the FET Flagships. The environment created by TAIPI will thus benefit to the Flagships, allowing them to concentrate on the fields where they bring the highest added value to their stakeholders while they rely on up-to-date tools, developed by TAIPI, to monitor in real time their impacts.
Attesting neanderthal dwelling space use: effects of human occupations in the middle palaeolithic record of fumane cave

The debate over Neanderthal subsistence patterns and behavioural aspects is source of many discussions and scieThe debate over Neanderthal subsistence patterns and behavioural aspects is source of many discussions and scientific contributions. Research over the last ten years has produced new data on mobility, economic strategies and life-aspects of Neanderthals, that have changed and enriched the comprehension of the material record of these ancestors. The project entitled “Attesting Neanderthal Dwelling Space Use: effects of human occupations in the Middle Palaeolithic record of Fumane cave” (ANDSU) will address the identification of changes in Neanderthal subsistence patterns across the analysis of the late mousterian sequence of Fumane cave (44-47.6 ka cal BP) (Verona, Italy). ANDSU will overcome the traditional limits of scientific research through specific objectives: identify Neanderthal spatial patterns, site function, temporality (or not) of activity areas and hearths and lengths and number of occupation(s)/event(s). An integrated multidisciplinary research methodology that has never been proposed until today, will be useful to address the aforementioned objectives and enhance the state-of the-art. Based on bone refits, Spatial Archaeology, multivariate Statistic techniques and 3D modeling reconstruction the project emerge for its combined high-innovative methodologies. The experimentation of 3D scan of bones will provide an important step for the attempt to automatically, or semi-automatically refit of faunal assemblages. , would radically transform zooarchaeological research methods. On the base of these premises, ANDSU focuses on the crucial need to extend our knowledge about Middle Palaeolithic record and to understand the range of Neanderthal variability. Also, it is expected to open up new perspectives to know the life-ways of Fumane inhabitants and to understand their cultural relationships, compared with Neanderthal groups of other European regions.
Quantification models of overpressuring in Paleogene source rocks of the Raoyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, China

Abstract Much progress in studies on the quantifications of overpressuring has been made during the past decades, and various quantitative models for the overpressure have been built based on overpressure transfer, tectonic extrusion, disequilibrium compaction, hydrocarbon generation, and other processes. In the Raoyang Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin in China, overpressure is mainly generated due to disequilibrium compaction and hydrocarbon generation. However, the overpressure-generation mechanism varies significantly in the overpressured formations and sags. The overpressure genesis in the Dongying Formation (Ed) occurs by disequilibrium compaction, but the overpressure mechanism in the first member (Es1) and third member (Es3) of the Shahejie Formation is a combination of disequilibrium compaction and hydrocarbon generation. The overpressure is caused by the difference in hydrocarbon generation before and after hydrocarbon expulsion. On the basis of the law of volume conservation, three quantitative models have been established for the under-compacted interval, the hydrocarbon-generation-to-expulsion interval, and the post-hydrocarbon-expulsion interval. The contribution of hydrocarbon generation differs in four sags developed in the Raoyang Depression due to differences in the hydrocarbon-generation capacity. Calculations based on these quantitative models indicated that the contributions of hydrocarbon generation to overpressure at the bottom of the Es1 and Es3 members in the Maxi Sag are 54.3% and 39.1%, respectively. The excessive pressure in the lower strata was stronger than that in the upper strata due to the fact that the contribution ratio of hydrocarbon generation to overpressure in the Es1 member is lower than that in the Es3 member, unlike in the case when the pressure in the upper strata is stronger than that in the lower strata. Therefore, it indicated that hydrocarbon generation plays an important role in the overpressure-generation mechanism.
A Comparative Study of the Removal of Smear Layer by Two Endodontic Irrigants and Nd:YAG Laser: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 17% EDTA, 5% maleic acid, and Nd:YAG laser on smear layer removal by SEM. Eighty single-rooted teeth were divided into three groups of 25 according to the final procedure for smear layer removal: irrigation by 17% EDTA or 5% maleic acid or Nd:YAG laser irradiation. The other five teeth was used as control. Roots were sectioned into buccal and lingual parts, and smear layer presence was recorded in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds under SEM. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests. There was no significant difference between smear layer removal of 17% EDTA and 5% maleic acid. Nd:YAG laser showed the least effect significantly. The coronal part of samples was significantly cleaner than the middle, and the middle was cleaner than the apical section. 17% EDTA and 5% maleic acid were more effective in smear layer removal compared to Nd:YAG laser.
U-Space for uam

Aiming to bridge the gap between development and deployment, this VLD project will tackle issues of operational concepts, regulation, and standards, while building confidence in a safe and orderly integration of UAM in every days air traffic. It will do this with a consortium of forward-looking cities and ANSPs, national regulators and EASA, a well experienced UTM provider, as well as eVTOL manufacturers, research centers, and technology providers. A series of well defined, iterative and multi-national demonstrations, both with drones and UAM vehicles will be conducted. They will cover different use cases, including mixed operations, to allow the project to derive critical enablers for a wide set of UAM service applications that can be applied all over Europe. 

Uspace4UAM will build on the CORUS project results and on operational and business experience already gathered in operational drone service implementations in Europe. it will study safety cases and their impact on system requirements, and look at how regulation and standardisation can be set up to support innovators to build a sustainable business case while operating safely in a multi-modal transport network. This project is set to deliver results that are of real interest to “early movers”, enabling them to bring a real market impact in the next few years. In order to prove that this will be achieved, and that indeed the project has laid a bridge between development and deployment, the project is set to deliver a number of commercial contracts for the provision of fully automated drone services, and present solutions to identified gaps towards fully autonomous Urban Air Taxi services.