SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The epidemiological landscape of thyroid cancer worldwide: GLOBOCAN estimates for incidence and mortality rates in 2020

Thyroid cancer incidence rates have increased in many countries and settings; however, mortality rates have remained stable at lower rates. This epidemiological pattern has been largely attributed to an overdiagnosis effect. Timely evidence for the global epidemiological status is necessary to identify the magnitude of this problem and the areas mostly affected by it. We therefore aimed to provide an up-to-date assessment on the global distribution of thyroid cancer incidence and mortality rates in 2020.We extracted age-standardised incidence and mortality rates per 100 000 person-years of thyroid cancer as defined by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology 10th Revision (code C73), for 185 countries or territories by sex and 18 age groups (ie, 0-4, 5-9, …, 80-84, and ≥85 years) from the GLOBOCAN database. Both incidence and mortality estimates were presented by country and aggregated across the 20 UN-defined world regions and according to the UN's four-tier Human Development Index (ie, low, medium, high, and very high) in 2020.Globally, in 2020, the age-standardised incidence rates of thyroid cancer were 10·1 per 100 000 women and 3·1 per 100 000 men, and age-standardised mortality rates were 0·5 per 100 000 women and 0·3 per 100 000 men. In both sexes, incidence rates were five times higher in high and very high Human Development Index countries than in low and medium Human Development Index countries, whereas mortality rates were relatively similar across different settings. Incidence rates in women differed by more than 15 times across world regions, with the highest incidence rates being in the Federated States of Micronesia and French Polynesia (18·5 per 100 000 women), North America (18·4 per 100 000), and east Asia (17·8 per 100 000, with South Korea reaching 45 per 100 000). Mortality rates were less than one per 100 000 in most countries and in both sexes. South Korea had the highest incidence-to-mortality rate ratio in both sexes, followed by Cyprus and Canada.The current thyroid cancer epidemiological landscape is strongly suggestive of a large effect of overdiagnosis in many countries and settings worldwide, confirming the relevance of thyroid cancer overdiagnosis as a global public health problem.None.
SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING AND COMPILING TARGET CONSUMER INPUT FROM ADVERTISING MEDIA

System/methods enable advertisements to be directly provided to consumers ("users) and/or embedded in a video entertainment program rendering on a consumer's electronic device for a consumer to. selectively view and can include an embedded link to an advertisement server accessible via a data network wherein the advertisement can access questions stored in a database regarding the advertisement. A user can selectively review the advertisement and then can be provided with at least one question about the advertisement from the advertisement server after the advertisement has completed rendering on the consumer device. The user can provide an answer to the at least one question (or a minimum set by the advertiser), and can earn compensation if the user's answer(s) is/are found to be correct by the advertisement server. Questions can be targeted (e.g., based on a registered consumer's profile) or can be provided randomly.
The Planning of Urban Waterfront Space Based on Waterway Governance — A Case Study of Nanfei River Waterway in Anhui Province

In recent years, waterway governance has become an opportunity for a new round of reform to urban waterfront space. In the new historical conditions, affected by the requirements of ecological restoration of waterways and urban waterfront landscape, the improvement of the water quality, the functional transformation of waterfront space and comprehensive improvement in the shoreline environment are hold together by the guide of principles of sustainable development. Based on waterway governance, the urban waterfront space is becoming into the important meeting point of the improvement of urban environment, space and the quality of the culture. In this paper, the planning of urban waterfront based on Anhui Nanfei River waterway governance is discussed.
Plasma concentrations of efavirenz, darunavir/ritonavir and raltegravir in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients without liver cirrhosis in comparison with HIV-monoinfected patients

The objective of the study was to assess plasma concentrations of efavirenz, darunavir/ritonavir and raltegravir in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus (HIV-HCV)-coinfection without liver cirrhosis.In this observational, open-label study, adult HIV-infected outpatients treated with tenofovir/emtricitabine plus efavirenz (600 mg daily), darunavir/ritonavir (800/100 mg daily) or raltegravir (400 mg twice daily) for at least 4 weeks were asked to participate. Subjects with liver cirrhosis were excluded. The trough concentration (C trough) of darunavir/ritonavir and raltegravir and the mid-dose concentration (C12h) of efavirenz were assessed at steady state by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry method.A total of 96 HIV-positive patients were enrolled into the study. Thirty-four patients were treated with efavirenz, 33 with darunavir/ritonavir and 29 with raltegravir. The geometric mean plasma C trough [coefficient of variation (%)] of darunavir was comparable between HIV+/HCV+ and HIV+/HCV- subjects: 2644 ng/ml (155%) and 2491 ng/ml (139%), respectively (geometric mean ratio (GMR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.79-1.56; p = 0.69). These values were comparable for raltegravir: 108 ng/ml (149%) in the HIV+/HCV+ group and 96 ng/ml (161%) in the HIV+/HCV- group (GMR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.61-1.44; p = 0.72). On the contrary, the geometric mean plasma C12h of efavirenz was significantly higher among the 15 HIV+/HCV+ patients (1915 ng/ml, 159%) than among the 19 HIV+/HCV- patients (1505 ng/ml, 167%; GMR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.19-1.71; p = 0.009).The mean plasma concentration of efavirenz was significantly higher in HCV-positive than in HCV-negative patients without liver cirrhosis, while the mean plasma levels of darunavir/ritonavir and raltegravir were comparable in both groups.
Recovered, Reinvented, Reimagined

This article explores the role of scripted cable television in the making and remaking of place in the conjuncture of postdisaster crisis and the neoliberal transformation of urban space. I suggest that Treme contributes to the remaking of New Orleans by engaging conceptions of authenticity, dwelling on the elements of cuisine, music, and diversity that mark New Orleans as distinctive, and highlighting individual enterprise as a condition of possibility for remaking post-Katrina New Orleans. I also suggest that because it makes for compelling quality television and provides badly needed publicity and temporary economic stimulus for the local economy, Treme, the show and the HBO production, through no fault of its own, displaces critical engagement with public policy choices and state-centered redress for economic, cultural, and social injustice and inequality.
Microbiological characteristics and inflammatory cytokines associated with preterm labor

To evaluate vaginal microflora and interleukin-1β (IL-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations in the cervicovaginal fluid of a group of pregnant women in preterm labor when compared with a group of full-term pregnant women not yet in labor.Case-control study performed in a University tertiary referral maternity in Campinas, Brazil with 45 pregnant women in preterm labor and 45 full-term pregnant women not in labor. All patients underwent speculum examination for the collection of cervicovaginal fluid. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was diagnosed according to the criteria of Amsel and Nugent. Culture was performed for group B streptococcus (GBS) and lactobacilli, and hybrid capture assay for screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infection. Cytokine concentrations were measured using ELISA technique. Statistical analysis was performed using χ(2), Fisher's exact, and crude and adjusted odds ratios. Significance level was defined at 5%. The main outcome measures were cervicovaginal cytokines in preterm labor.IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly associated with preterm labor. The changes in vaginal microflora, as well as BV and GBS, were more frequent in women in preterm labor, although BV and GBS showed no statistical significance. The presence of Candida sp., absence of lactobacilli, positive screening for chlamydial and gonococcal infection and the presence of IL-1β and TNF-α were not associated with preterm labor.IL-6 and IL-8 and the presence of any type of vaginal infection were the factors that were significantly associated with preterm labor.
Hierarchical Bayesian modeling of heterogeneous cluster- and subject-level associations between continuous and binary outcomes in dairy production

The augmentation of categorical outcomes with underlying Gaussian variables in bivariate generalized mixed effects models has facilitated the joint modeling of continuous and binary response variables. These models typically assume that random effects and residual effects (co)variances are homogeneous across all clusters and subjects, respectively. Motivated by conflicting evidence about the association between performance outcomes in dairy production systems, we consider the situation where these (co)variance parameters may themselves be functions of systematic and/or random effects. We present a hierarchical Bayesian extension of bivariate generalized linear models whereby functions of the (co)variance matrices are specified as linear combinations of fixed and random effects following a square-root-free Cholesky reparameterization that ensures necessary positive semidefinite constraints. We test the proposed model by simulation and apply it to the analysis of a dairy cattle data set in which the random herd-level and residual cow-level effects (co)variances between a continuous production trait and binary reproduction trait are modeled as functions of fixed management effects and random cluster effects.
New mobility data and solutions toolkit

The mobility ecosystem is rapidly evolving, whereby we see the rise of new stakeholders and services. Examples of these are the presence of connected and automated vehicles, a large group of organisations that rally to establish various forms of share mobility, with the pinnacle being all of these incorporated into a large Maas ecosystem. As these new forms of mobility offerings start to appear within cities, so do the new ways in which data are being generated, collected, and stored. Analysing this (Big) data with suitable (artificial intelligence) techniques becomes more paramount, as it leads to insights in the performance of certain mobility solutions, and is able to highlight (mobility) needs of citizens in a broader context, in addition to a rise in new risks and various socio-economic impacts.
Successfully integrating all these disruptive technologies and solutions with the designs of policy makers remains a challenge at current. let alone being able to analyse, monitor and, assess mobility solutions and their potential socio-economic impacts.
nuMIDAS bridges this (knowledge) gap, by providing insights into what methodological tools, databases, and models are required, and how existing ones need to be adapted or augmented with new data. To this end, it starts from insights obtained through (market) research and stakeholders, as well as quantitative modelling. A wider applicability of the project’s results across the whole EU is guaranteed as all the research is validated within a selection of case studies in pilot cities, with varying characteristics, thereby giving more credibility to these results. Finally, through an iterative approach, nuMIDAS creates a tangible and readily available toolkit that can be deployed elsewhere, including a set of transferability guidelines, thus thereby contributing to the further adoption and exploitation of the project’s results.
Structural aspects of ozonides on lymphoma cell viability: Part B

Synthetic ozonides (1,2,4-trioxolanes) are known to be effective antimalarials agents, and have been shown to have activity against lymphoma cells. In this study, conformational analysis was used on eight ozonides to see if the previously established pharmacophore would accurately predict the set’s activity against lymphoma cells. Based on previous work there are at least two crucial factors in anti-lymphoma activity, an ionizable amine and the distance from the proximal peroxide to the ionizable functional group. A small follow-up library of compounds was assayed for their activity. Seven of the compounds in the new library exhibited low activity and as a result the pharmacophore has been refined with two additional factors. Two alkyl groups alpha to the ionizable amine or a carbonyl beta to the ionizable amine interfered with the anti-lymphoma activity of the compounds in this set.
Il diritto all&amp;#8217;educazione nelle costituzioni europee: una panoramica critica e una proposta per il Cile

In questo contributo intendo offrire una lettura critica di come si profili il diritto allâeducazione nelle costituzioni europee. L'obiettivo Ã¨ analizzare le esperienze costituzionali pregresse. Finalmente si realizza una proposta di articolo sul diritto allâeducazione per il Cile.
The effect of β-catenin condensation on the wnt-pathway

The Wnt-signaling pathway is a key determinant of cell identity and proliferation. However, when aberrantly activated it drives malignant cell proliferation in gastrointestinal cancer, breast cancer, melanoma and leukemia. The key effector protein of the Wnt pathway is β-catenin, which is continuously degraded in unstimulated cells, but in stimulated cells it accumulates and translocates to the nucleus where it activates transcription. A growing body of literature indicates that transcription factors and co-activators interact through the formation of biomolecular condensates. These are membraneless organelles that concentrate and compartmentalise components through weak, but multivalent interactions. Recently, I have shown that β-catenin forms condensates with Mediator co-activator to specifically activate transcription. However, how this new mode of β-catenin interactions influences the rest of the Wnt-pathway is currently unknown. The overarching goal of this proposal is to uncover how β-catenin condensation impacts the Wnt-signaling pathway. I will investigate the consequences of β-catenin condensation for its cytoplasmic regulation by the destruction complex, study how it affects β-catenin co-factor interactions in the nucleus and determine the effect of oncogenic Wnt-signaling on β-catenin condensates. The proposed work will uncover if β-catenin condensation has a function in the Wnt-signaling pathway outside the nucleus, its effect on co-factor interactions and elucidate how it might contribute to cancer etiology. Deeper understanding of the fundamental Wnt-signaling pathway will have a profound impact on our comprehension of embryonic development, adult regeneration and cancer.
Multi-Omics interdisciplinary research integration to address dementia diagnosis

Dementia is currently diagnosed largely based on cognitive decline, while pathology starts years before symptom onset. To make progress in the development of effective drugs for dementia, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to enable precision health: for early and specific diagnosis and objective monitoring of disease progression. 

With its multidisciplinary team of scientists from academia, industry, and patient organisations, MIRIADE aims to train a new generation of scientists able to optimise and accelerate development of novel biomarkers for dementia.
 
MIRIADE will integrate biomarker discovery data from multiple platforms and develop a Dementia Disease Map to enhance biomarker identification (WP1). We will develop assays for prioritized biomarkers (WP2), and selected markers will be clinically validated (WP3). We will study pre-analytical stability and validate against regulatory requirements (WP4) and develop a roadmap for optimal biomarker development (WP5). MIRIADE will thus establish an innovative biomarker-focussed cross-sectoral research and training programme that will equip ESRs with a unique combination of skills in big data analysis, biomarker assay development, innovation management, and a thorough understanding of medical needs. This programme will provide a new task force of scientists that are optimally trained to the accelerate the biomarker development for dementias and able to progress effective biomarker tools to the clinic.
Charles Edward Augustus de Boos, 1819-1900: His Life, Work, and Writing

Charles de Boos was of a number of mid-nineteenth century writers who helped to lay the foundations of Australian His early life experiences of Huguenot ancestry and participation in the Carlist wars in Spain, followed by his initial years in Australia, made essential contributions to the person he was.  So did his extremely varied working life, particularly as a reporter for the 'Argus and the 'Sydney Morning Herald', and later as a mining warden and police magistrate in New South Wales.  His reporting on the goldfields in Victoria and especially New South Wales, added to his experiences of significant social and legal issues, and his concerns for the 'under-dogs', women, children, the diggers, the Chinese, and the Aborigines.  It was his knowledge of the goldfields and gold mining that led to his appointment as a mining warden and other official roles in a number of locations over a period of fifteen years, work to which his social view contributed much and for whch he was highly respected, in marked contrast to what some have written. His life experiencess, work and travels provided the basis for his many and varied writings, to which the second half of the essay is devoted.  From his parliamentary reporting came his satirical writing.  From this and his travels came his social commentary.  His first two novels were set in early nineteenth century rural New South Wales, 'Fifty Years Ago' being his most well-known work, one of the best books written in the infancy of Australian literature.  His subsequent fiction, notably 'Mark Brown's Wife', was set in the goldfields of New South Wales and Victoria. He made an as yet unacknowledged contribution to the foundations of Australian He was a man who was ahead of his times in so many ways, who gave voice to a different way in colonial New South Wales.
SHifting towards Renewable Energy for Transition to Low Carbon Energy

The SHREC project addresses the challenge of transition to a low carbon economy, in relation with renewable energy use of business and households facilitating them to invest in low-carbon, renewable energy measures reducing CO2 producing activities and shifting to activities with low CO2 footprint. Urgent need for a transition to a cleaner, more sustainable and less carbon intensive energy future is evident. The SHREC project will tackle issues how to influence the renewable energy production and consumption by business, communities and households.

The project overall objective is to improve regional and national policies increasing the share of energy from renewable sources in the overall energy mix and encouraging and facilitating the production and use of renewables by businesses, communities and households aiming at less carbon intensive energy future.
Partners jointly work aiming at encouraging business investments into renewable energy and new innovative technologies and increasing involvement of energy consumers as active players. To achieve the project goals partners will look at possibilities to encourage technological development in renewable energy (support for business, industry to develop new technologies) as well as to use of social innovation concept to involve consumers (households, communities, industry, business representatives, public authorities) in the transition process shifting towards renewable energy production and consumption. Partners seek to increase the awareness among households, business and public actors of the need and opportunities to use renewable energy as the low-carbon alternative energy.

The main project outputs are: 57 interregional learning events, 8 Action Plans addressing 7 ERDF and 1 local policy instruments, at least 15 good practices will be analysed and shared, 130 people will increase their professional capacities.
Multi-Stressor Effects on Riverine Drinking Water Production and Management

Abstract Multistressed rivers that serve as drinking water sources are of particular concern. We focus on surface water stressors and the challenge of providing drinking water with an emphasis on contaminant occurrence, regulations and policy, land use, socioeconomical issues related to environmental inequalities, and impacts of climate variables. Drinking water quality management systems (e.g., a multibarrier approach or water safety plans) are increasingly implemented to ensure the delivery of safe water for human consumption. For example, a multibarrier approach involves pollution control and mitigation measures for the different steps of drinking water production that include source water protection (watershed), water treatment technology and operations, and the management of distribution of drinking water through the distribution network. The integrated management of drinking water from source to tap must consider the mitigation of the effects of land use and climate on river system stress. Likewise, we must also consider the growing population exposure to environmental contaminants in water and inequalities related to the exposure of contaminants resulting from multistressed environments.
Optimization of waste management in urban spaces and in households

OptiWaMag involves 6 EU regions with a shared ambition to accelerate the scaling up of waste management innovation that can support active and innovative environment and resource efficiency and secure the triple win of economic growth, more sustainable ecosystem services and improved wellbeing of Europe’s citizens. Focusing on these scopes, the policy project’s primary goal is to improve Structural Funds’ policies and implementation related to waste management and enhance regional and interregional ecosystems.

OptiWaMag recognises that effective, policy shaping outcomes require enhanced cooperation between involved stakeholders. The policy project will thus incorporate interregional collaboration, involving a wide range of expert stakeholders, which comprises exchange of good practices, mutual learning, peer assessment, knowledge transfer, targeted coaching and collective, co-designed policy development. It will deliver its results through interlinked project activities and outputs during 3 sequential steps: 1) Identification and Analysis; 2) Interregional Mutual Learning; 3) Knowledge Transfer and Action Planning. Steps 1 and 3 also include assessments of policy enhancement and learning performance. Wide dissemination of good practices and lessons are the backbone of OptiWaMag.

The primary outputs include:
-	The project self, peer and expert assessment tools and findings focused on regions’ strengths, weaknesses, policy priorities and policy enhancements 
-	A Framework Strategy for developing evidence based and co-designed policies, programmes and implementation methods and for identifying the best method to improve policy instruments;
-	6 Regional Action Plans (informed by the Framework Strategy, pre and interim self-assessments and Advisory Board case study) to enhance the implementation of regional policy instruments across Europe.