SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
In control of exciton and charge dynamics in molecular crystals

The aim of the work proposed here is to achieve control over charge and excited state dynamics in organic crystalline materials and in this way to come to solid state materials with explicit built-in functionality. The charge and excited state dynamics do not only depend on the properties of individual molecules but are to a large extent determined by the interactions between multiple molecules. By careful engineering of the properties of individual molecules and of the way they aggregate in the solid crystalline state it is in principle possible to design materials that exhibit a specific functionality. Examples of this are materials that are optimized to give high charge carrier mobilities and high exciton diffusion coefficients. It is also possible to design more complex functionality. An example of this is singlet exciton fission, a process by which one singlet excited state transforms into a combination of two triplet states. This spin-allowed process can in principle increase the efficiency of organic solar cells by a factor 1.5. A second example is upconversion of low energy photons into higher energy photons. This is possible by combining two low-energy triplet excited states into a single singlet excited state by triplet-triplet annihilation. Finally, it is possible gain control over charge separation on the interface of two different materials to increase the charge separation efficiency in photovoltaic cells.

In this work, we will explore ways to achieve control of charge and exciton dynamics in a combined effort including organic synthesis, computational chemistry and time-resolved spectroscopy and conductivity experiments. This research represents a major step forward in the understanding of the relation between molecular and solid state structure and the electronic properties of organic crystalline materials. This is of considerable fundamental interest but also has direct implications for the utilization of these materials in electronic devices.
Historical and Current Perspectives on the Systematics of the ‘Enigmatic’ Diatom Genus Rhoicosphenia (Bacillariophyta), with Single and Multi-Molecular Marker and Morphological Analyses and Discussion on the Monophyly of ‘Monoraphid’ Diatoms

This study seeks to determine the phylogenetic position of the diatom genus Rhoicosphenia. Currently, four hypotheses based on the morphology of the siliceous valve and its various ultrastructural components, sexual reproduction, and chloroplasts have been proposed. Two previous morphological studies have tentatively placed Rhoicosphenia near members of the Achnanthidiaceae and Gomphonemataceae, and no molecular studies have been completed. The position of Rhoicosphenia as sister to 'monoraphid' diatoms is problematic due to the apparent non-monophyly of that group, so hypotheses of 'monoraphid' monophyly are also tested. Using an analysis of morphological and cytological features, as well as sequences from three genes, SSU, LSU, and rbcL, recovered from several freshwater Rhoicosphenia populations that have similar morphology to Rhoicosphenia abbreviata (Agardh) Lange-Bertalot, we have analyzed the phylogenetic position of Rhoicosphenia in the context of raphid diatoms. Further, we have used topology testing to determine the statistical likelihoods of these relationships. The hypothesis that Rhoicosphenia is a member of the Achnanthidiaceae cannot be rejected, while the hypothesis that it is a member of the Gomphonemataceae can be rejected. In our analyses, members of the Achnanthidiaceae are basal to Rhoicosphenia, and Rhoicosphenia is basal to the Cymbellales, or a basal member of the Cymbellales, which includes the Gomphonemataceae. Hypothesis testing rejects the monophyly of 'monoraphid' diatoms.
Effects of CO 2 Exhaled and Human Metabolism on Comfort Conditions in Air-Conditioned Indoor Environment

Thermal and atmospheric conditions in an enclosed space are usually controlled to ensure the health and comfort of the occupants, and proper functioning of sensitive electronic equipment such as computers, etc. The former is referred as comfort conditioning and the latter is called process air conditioning. The conditions required for optimum operation of machinery may not coincide with those conductive to human comfort. Process air-conditioning requirements are highly specific to the equipment or operation. Once the necessary condition for process or machinery is established, attention must be paid to the acceptable human comfort. Although human beings can be considered very versatile machines having the capacity to adapt the wide variations in the working environment, their productivity depends on the immediate environment. This paper discusses about the CO2 generation of the human beings based on their working environment, activity, metabolism and its effects inside the indoor environment. The indoor pollutants created by the human beings and the rate of ventilation required to dilute the pollutant levels to meet ASHRAE standards is also discussed.
Preventative operational procedures for space weather threats to critical infrastructure

Protection of critical infrastructure in particular in the areas of energy/transport and communication grids is now crucial within our highly technical dependent societies. The scope for this project is to focus on the development of a commercial service offering to operators of such critical infrastructure which provides preventative operational procedures tailored to their individual needs. The operational procedures are based upon threat assessments received from external sources and in this proposal we are focusing on the initial threat detection which shall be incorporated into the service which is based upon Space Weather analysis.

Space weather can have detrimental, and in some cases catastrophic, effects upon critical infrastructure on which we depend as part our daily lives. Adverse space weather has dramatically different effects on these the services provided by such critical infrastructure based on the underlying technologies in use and there location. 

For example a power transmission network operator in high latitudes and a traffic flow monitor network operator is low latitudes have completely different preventative operational procedures and space weather concerns. An operator therefore needs to understand the impact for their facility on a threat, an expert analysis and interpretation on a received threat and be informed in terms the operator understands on the steps required to prevent the threat escalating to become a major issue.

Currently only global forecasts and information on the type of space weather events are available, missing the vital links between space weather and the operational procedures to mitigate the threat for a particular operator.

We therefore propose to develop a system and a service offering titled, POLARIS, that will provide a single point of contact for the alerting alerting of threats, expert analysis and the issuing of operational procedures tailored to the needs of a particular urban critical infrastructure.
Zero-dimensional modeling of NOx formation with least squares interpolation

Physical models of NO x formation are becoming more and more interesting in the area of combustion feedback control. The fact that cylinder pressure sensors are made available on the market enables fast and accurate calculations of heat release, which is an essential part of every physical NO x formation model. This article describes such a zero-dimensional model for a diesel engine using crank angle–resolved cylinder pressure to determine heat release. The model also incorporates the thermal effect of exhaust gas recirculation that is proven to have a major effect on NO x formation rates. The reaction mechanisms used to describe NO x formation rates are given by the well-known Zeldovich mechanism. The model output results given in this article show an average deviation of about 12.0% from acquired measured NO x data. The least squares interpolation approach indicates a negligible difference from the original model with an average deviation of 1.2% in 25 measurement points.
Demographic change in the Alps: adaptation strategies to spatial planning and regional development

Demographic Change is a main driving force all over Europe. The population within most mountain regions of the Alpine Space already today differs from the surrounding metropolitans. Beside the general trend of the aging of the Europeans there exist additional Alpine specific factors of regional different influence: migration (in – out), commuting (rural to urban areas) settlement and housing (costs - quality), change of regional demand for public services (e.g. transport, healthcare, education) or the change of consumer behavior in key economies (e.g. nutrition, tourism).DEMOCHANGE provides general adaptation strategies for Alpine regions to their spatial plans and regional development programs. Thirteen partners from Austria (2), Germany (3), Italy (3), Slovenia (2) and Switzerland (3) will elaborate concrete strategies in ten model regions and implement them by pilot actions. The regional achieved results will be merged to general strategies and disseminated by an exchange network.
Fully scalable platform for neuroscience consumer research and product development, based on user-friendly eeg-headset and cloud-based data storage/analysis.

85% of new products fail right after launch because of lack of reliable data on consumer preferences. It is especially critical in Food & Beverage industry because of the strong competition and complex customer segmentation. 
During product development cycle, testing phase takes the most time and cost, requiring a lot of iterations and using surveys (what people say is not necessarily what they think) and statistical data (inaccurate results). 
Main challenges are: 
- Reduce mistakes in product development (development costs) 
- Reduce testing time to reduce TTM (Time to Market) 
- Increase accuracy of results and the amount of available information for decision making on product development 
MANTICA is the first tool to apply neuroscience to testing phase in product and service development to provide emotional response, approach/avoidance and actual cognitive processes in real time, during the experience. It is composed of 3 components: 
- Seamless electroencephalograph (EEG) headset (wireless) 
- Operating software (Basic Signal Processing, Proprietary Metrics Library and AI/Machine Learning algorithms) 
- Cloud infrastructure for data storage and analysis, to produce smart reporting and data visualisation 
We have also developed a Self-Evaluation Kit (SEK): all components in a standard, ready-to-go version for quick deployments 
Benefits for users are: 
- 30% less cost than traditional (focus groups, A/B tests) 
- 50% less product development time 
- +25% chances of success upon launching a new product (80% less mistakes) 
- Predictive analysis on product success 
- Accurate information based on real perception of the product 
For Thimus, we expect these impacts: 
- Business industrialisation (Self Evaluation Kit production, SEK) 
- Develop worldwide distributor network 
- +35-70% increase in IP assets on neuroscience and market research
The copy number variation of GSTM1 as a promising prognostic factor of oral squamous cell carcinoma

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the copy number variation (CNV) of GSTM1 and GSTT1 is related to the occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) relapses, along the overall and progression-free survival of patients.A total of 234 OSCC patients were recruited from the Heliópolis hospital and they were distributed among 4 groups according to the occurrence of OSCC relapses. Fisher exact test, odds ratio (OR), and 95% CI were determined to investigate the chances of OSCC progression. The overall and progression-free survival were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods.The CNV of GSTM1 analysis showed that one copy of the gene was associated with reduced chances of OSCC recurrences (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.25-0.81) and decreased the risk of tumor progression (HR 0.50; 95% CI 0.33-0.75). Furthermore, one copy of GSTM1 was related to a better overall survival rate (HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.0.44-0.91). Regarding the CNV of GSTT1, no copies were associated with the chances of OSCC relapses, the overall survival, or the progression-free survival.The CNV of GSTM1 may be applied to predict OSCC relapses and aid the treatment management, which might improve the survival rates of patients.
Play.Care – revolution in early detection and therapy of autism spectrum disorders (asd).

Autism is a serious developmental disability. Children with autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have social, communication and language problems. Prevalence estimates are alarming, with 1 in very 68 children being diagnosed with ASD in Europe. There is no cure for ASD. However, for many children, ASD symptoms improve with treatment and age. Early diagnosis and therapy intervention can help children with autism to significantly improve their language and behavioural skills, and raise their intelligence quotients dramatically. 
However, current ASD diagnosis methods fail to deliver. Most cases of child developmental disorders are detected much too late. Recognizing the striking gap in the ASD diagnostics landscape, we have developed and preliminarily validated, in cooperation with leading ASD experts, a disruptive technology for early detection and targeted therapy of ASD, based on the latest research on movement patterns as early markers of autism. PLAY.CARE has the potential to become a new ‘gold standard’ method for early autism detection and will lead to more timely detection of autism. Our aim is to scale the technology into clinical use worldwide, providing a reliable, easy-to-use, affordable and widely accessible diagnostic and therapy monitoring tool. 
The missing element to realize this vision is highest standard clinical evidence that will hold against all scientific scrutiny. Our objective is to obtain this evidence through the clinical validation pilot, subject of this proposal, and execute the necessary optimization and scalability of PLAY.CARE in light of market introduction.
Understanding arsenic dynamics in agronomic systems to predict and prevent uptake by crop plants

This review is on arsenic in agronomic systems, and covers processes that influence the entry of arsenic into the human food supply. The scope is from sources of arsenic (natural and anthropogenic) in soils, biogeochemical and rhizosphere processes that control arsenic speciation and availability, through to mechanisms of uptake by crop plants and potential mitigation strategies. This review makes a case for taking steps to prevent or limit crop uptake of arsenic, wherever possible, and to work toward a long-term solution to the presence of arsenic in agronomic systems. The past two decades have seen important advances in our understanding of how biogeochemical and physiological processes influence human exposure to soil arsenic, and this must now prompt an informed reconsideration and unification of regulations to protect the quality of agricultural and residential soils.
Reproductive biology and feeding habits of the prickly dogfish <i>Oxynotus bruniensis</i>

The reproductive biology and diet of prickly dogfish Oxynotus bruniensis, a deep-sea elasmobranch, endemic to the outer continental and insular shelves of southern Australia and New Zealand, and caught as by-catch in demersal fisheries, are described from specimens caught in New Zealand waters. A total of 53 specimens were obtained from research surveys and commercial fisheries, including juveniles and adults ranging in size from 33·5 to 75·6 cm total length (LT ). Estimated size-at-maturity was 54·7 cm LT in males and 64·0 cm LT in females. Three gravid females (65·0, 67·5 and 71·2 cm LT ) were observed, all with eight embryos. Size-at-birth was estimated to be 25-27 cm LT . Vitellogenesis was not concurrent with embryo development. Analysis of diet from stomach contents, including DNA identification of prey using the mitochondrial genes cox1 and nadh2, revealed that O. bruniensis preys exclusively on the egg capsules of holocephalans, potentially making it the only known elasmobranch with a diet reliant solely upon other chondrichthyans. Based on spatial overlap with deep-sea fisheries, a highly specialized diet, and reproductive characteristics representative of a low productivity fish, the commercial fisheries by-catch of O. bruniensis may put this species at relatively high risk of overfishing.
Electrical spin manipulation in atoms and molecules

In the proposed project “Electrical Spin Manipulation in Atoms and Molecules” (SpinMan), the experienced researcher Dr. Andrea Droghetti (Trinity College Dublin , Ireland) and the scientist-in-charge Prof. Angel Rubio, Head of the Nano-Bio Spectroscopy group at the University of the Basque Country (Spain), aim at establishing how an electrical current can be utilized in order to write and read information in a spin state of an atom or a molecule. This study will be carried out through simulations performed with a computational platform, which will combine recent theoretical developments in density functional theory for open systems, many-body physics and time-dependent methods thus bridging the gap between complementary approaches to quantum transport. The results will represent an important step-forward in understanding the basic physics of magnetism and spin dynamics at the nano-scale as required in order to provide, in the long term, new concepts for classical and quantum information. The skills in many-body physics and time-dependent simulations that the researcher will develop during the project, combined with his background knowledge in magnetism and with the acquired experience in networking and management, will be essential in order to advance the researcher's career as independent investigator.
London Stock Exchange Midday Auction

The author investigates the success of the recently launched intraday auction at the London Stock Exchange (LSE) along various metrics such as liquidity, price deviation, and so on. This initiative is important because of the coming Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MIFID II) regulations, which will set a limit on dark trading and seek to encourage larger trade sizes. The author finds that this initiative has been successful for finding liquidity (block trading) for midcap stocks but less so for the FTSE 100 stocks. Interestingly, he also finds that alternative venues such as BATS, Chi-X, and Turquoise stop being good sources for liquidity during the auction phase on the LSE.
Implementing Employment Service

The Public Employment Service System, as system composed by several actors, is defined by the European Commission as a key element for combating unemployment and for favoring the access of job seekers to the labour market at local, national and European level. Its functioning and effectiveness is emphasized by Project IES activities which, according to the main goal of the interregional cooperation, aims at favoring the exchange of experiences among actors of different countries and acting as actors which, thanks to Project IES results, will contribute to improve the quality and the implementation of their own regional policies. Within the general context represented by the institutional services which the Public Employment Service provide, Project IES identifies five different issues: governance, choice orientations, labour demand-supply matching and job placement, participation of unprivileged people to the labour market and promotion of the individual employability.
Through an intense exchange of experiences, carried out in different ways and according to innovative methodologies for better emphasizing the role of each partner and their different competences, the partnership, composed by actors coming from Italy, Spain, Romania, Slovenia, Germany, Austria, and Italy will be transferred information and valuable results for building a more efficient System and for providing their local customers with more useful services. Projects’ activities begin with five thematic surveys focused on the main tasks of the local institutions in different countries of Europe.  The comparative perspective will be followed by drawing five Gap Analysis guides, made to compare existing systems of partners’ countries and to create a grid through which it is decided who transfers what to whom. They will be realised by a Technical Working Group composed by  representatives of each partner and their results will be circulated in technical seminary. Its results
wil be the point of reference for deciding which experiences (in which country) belonging to the list  will be studied during the following staff-exchanges. During the mentioned phase the donor partners will be charged of transferring their experiences to receiving partners, by involving them in daily activities, training on the job, writing the draft plan of activities which will have to be realized during the following phase;  donors will also act as tutors in receiving countries by organizing  and carrying out activities to support the receiving partner to disseminate, at organisation level, the content of the guidelines in order to fill the gap between the state of the art and the practise to be transferred. TheTWG with the support of the SC will then involve locally policy makers for implementing a recommendation report.
Production diseases in smallholder pig systems in rural Lao PDR

Pigs in Lao People's Democratic Republic are important for income and food security, particularly in rural households. The majority of pigs are reared in smallholder systems, which may challenge the implementation of any disease control strategies. To investigate risk factors for pig production diseases in such farming systems in the country a serological survey was conducted during 2011. A total of 647 pigs were sampled, accounting for 294 households in Luang Prabang and 353 in Savannakhet province representing upland and lowland, respectively. The results demonstrated that pigs in Lao PDR had antibodies against erysipelas (45.2%), CSF (11.2%), PRRS (8.6%), FMD O (17.2%) and FMD Asia 1, (3.5%). Differences in the housing systems influenced disease risk, for example, penned pigs had reduced odds of FMD and CSF, compared to those in scavenger systems. Pigs owned by farms using a sanaam (a communal area where pigs are kept for some time of the year) had 3.93 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09-14.7) times the odds of having pigs seropositive for FMD. Farms on which sudden piglet deaths had been experienced were more likely to have pigs seropositive for FMD O and erysipelas. These diseases constrain the development of village farming and the wider livestock industry due to their impact on productivity and trade. Vaccination coverage for FMD and CSF was low and there was a lack of national funding for livestock disease control at the time of the study. Further investigation into sustainable low-cost control strategies for these pathogens is warranted.