SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Flexible contact element for contactless level signal detection

The contactless level signal detection device has a flexible electrical contact element (1) in the liquid container with connections at one end for tapping an electrical signal. The contact element has electrically conducting layers (12-14) on its inner side that can be mutually contacted via a relatively movable detection element (4) arranged on the outer side.
Time-resolved stereoscopic particle image velocimetry investigation of the entrainment in the near field of circular and daisy-shaped orifice jets

The flow in the initial region of two jets, namely, a circular orifice jet and a lobed orifice jet, is considered in the present paper. The role played by the Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) azimuthal rings and the streamwise vortices in the entrainment process of both jets have been qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, for a Reynolds number of 3600. This has been achieved using the high speed stereoscopic particle image velocimetry measurements and a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis. The mean entrainment rate observed in the daisy-shaped jet is higher than that of the circular jet. It is found that a strong correlation exists between the entrainment rate and the K-H vortex dynamics for the circular jet. The entrainment is mainly produced in the upstream part of the K-H ring as well as in the braid region where the streamwise vortices appear. In the downstream part of the K-H ring, the flow expands from the jet core to the surrounding. In the lobed jet, the amplitude of the entrainment variatio...
Partnership for research and innovation in the mediterranean area

The 4PRIMA Coordination and Support Action will create the bases and will develop a set of activities aimed at supporting the establishment of a long-term, well-structured and integrated partnership for research and innovation (R&I) on food systems and water resources, among countries from both sides of the Mediterranean Sea (“PRIMA Initiative”). In order to enable a sustainable development in this area, 4PRIMA will facilitate the establishment of favourable and stable conditions for a reinforced international cooperation on food systems and water research, based on a better coordination, collective ownership of R&I programmes and, consequently, clear and tangible mutual benefits.
4PRIMA will develop a Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) and an associated implementation plan, as a result of an extensive participatory process that will target a critical mass of key players at international level and all relevant stakeholders of the food and water sectors. To achieve this main objective, 4PRIMA will take advantage of a wide portfolio of results and relationship generated in previous and on-going EU projects, as well as it will seek cooperation between EU and Mediterranean Partner Countries (MPCs), in coherence with the activities of the Strategic Forum for International Cooperation. 
Given the strategic relevance of an appropriate development and uptake of the SRIA to establish a long lasting partnership in the region, 4PRIMA science diplomacy actions will be essential to ensure the support to R&I policy dialogue addressing sensitive challenges between EU and MPCs. Moreover, in order to maximise its expected impact, 4PRIMA project will explore avenues for awareness raising and development of strategic alliances with key stakeholders, including EU, AC and MPCs countries that did not take part to the PRIMA joint programming process, with the goal to enlarge the participation to the “PRIMA Initiative”.
Retour d’expérience sur l’introduction du service sanitaire des étudiants en santé dans la formation de maïeutique en France. Étude exploratoire des perceptions des enseignantes

Contexte : L’introduction en France du service sanitaire dans les formations des étudiants en médecine, soins infirmiers, kinésithérapie, maïeutique, odontologie et pharmacie date de juin 2018. Le service sanitaire des étudiants en santé (SSES) correspond à un enseignement théorique et pratique en interprofessionnalité de promotion et éducation pour la santé (EPS). But : Rapporter un retour d’expérience sur l’introduction du SSES dans le cadre des études de maïeutique. Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude qualitative associant l’analyse de contenu de dix entretiens auprès d’enseignantes et directrices d’école de sages-femmes et de maquettes pédagogiques. Résultats : Les interviewées relatent des difficultés d’organisation. L’analyse des maquettes pédagogiques montre de grandes différences de réingénierie. La difficulté et la force du SSES résideraient dans l’interprofessionnalité. La majorité des interviewées perçoivent le SSES comme un moyen de sensibiliser les étudiants en santé à la posture d’écoute, éducative et éthique vis-à-vis des usagers. Conclusion : Alors que le gouvernement met en exergue l’enjeu de prévention auprès de publics cibles à l’occasion du SSES, les enseignantes n’en ont pas cette représentation. Elles le voient davantage comme un outil d’apprentissage permettant de sensibiliser les futurs professionnels de santé à réaliser de manière adaptée de l’EPS dans leurs missions et à travailler en collaboration interprofessionnelle. Par ailleurs, l’introduction du SSES a généré des inquiétudes et une surcharge de travail. Cependant, les enseignantes ont adopté cette prescription politique en l’adaptant en fonction des contraintes au niveau de leur environnement de travail.
EU economic policies and location of economic activities

The project shall further develop and deepen the understanding of the economic dimension of the development of the European territory.

That includes identifying the spatial pattern of company/investment locations and the factors influencing these patterns and looking from a policy perspective identifying the key measures having impact on these patterns.

The policy perspective should address both measures undertaken at EU level in terms of defining the overall conditions of the internal market and related EU regulation of economic factors, and the conditions and policy impacts created by national, regional and local actors in order to attract companies/investments to a particular location.

Based on this multiscalar approach, conclusions regarding the territorial impacts of EU economic policies and location of economic activities in Europe should be developed as well as policy recommendations in support of territorial cohesion.

The project should as far as possible include dynamic elements in the analysis and try carefully to distinguish impacts from EU policy intervention from national ditto.
A Systematic Review of the Burden of Pancreatic Cancer in Europe: Real-World Impact on Survival, Quality of Life and Costs

The purpose of this study was to assess the overall burden of pancreatic cancer in Europe, with a focus on survival time in a real-world setting, and the overall healthy life lost to the disease.Real-world data were retrieved from peer-reviewed, observational studies identified by an electronic search. We performed two de novo analyses: a proportional shortfall analysis to quantify the proportion of healthy life lost to pancreatic cancer and an estimation of the aggregate life-years lost annually in Europe.Ninety-one studies were included. The median, age-standardised incidence of pancreatic cancer per 100,000 was 7.6 in men and 4.9 in women. Overall median survival from diagnosis was 4.6 months; median survival was 2.8-5.7 months in patients with metastatic disease. The proportional shortfall analysis showed that pancreatic cancer results in a 98 % loss of healthy life, with a life expectancy at diagnosis of 4.6 months compared to 15.1 years for an age-matched healthy population. Annually, 610,000-915,000 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) are lost to pancreatic cancer in Europe. Patients had significantly lower scores on validated health-related quality of life instruments versus population norms.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically review real-world overall survival and patient outcomes of pancreatic cancer patients in Europe outside the context of clinical trials. Our findings confirm the poor prognosis and short survival reported by national studies. Pancreatic cancer is a substantial burden in Europe, with nearly a million aggregate life-years lost annually and almost complete loss of healthy life in affected individuals.
Sobre “Dinosaurios coelúridos gregarios en el yacimiento de Valdevajes (La Rioja, España)”. Nota de réplica y crítica.

El yacimiento de icnofósiles de Valdevajes, dado como nuevo por Casanovas et al. (1991), fue ya publicado por Aguirrezabala et al. (1985). Igualmente, las conclusiones sobre gregarismo de dinosaurios estaban ya recogidas en nuestro trabajo.
Reducing empiricism in luminescence geochronology: understanding the origins of luminescence from individual sand grains

Sediments preserve a history of the evolution of the Earth’s surface and its response to a changing climate – a history that can only be read reliably if we know the age of the sediments. Luminescence dating is widely used in quaternary geology and archaeology, and is applicable to almost all sediments from the last 0.5 Ma – it dates the last time the sediment grains were exposed to daylight. RELOS will improve the reliability of luminescence dating by determining the sources of unexpected spread (over-dispersion) in measured doses derived from sand-sized grains. New hypotheses concerning charge imbalance, charge transport and dose calibration of luminescence signals will be tested by: (i) quantifying the effect of grain size and irradiation geometry/quality on grain-to-grain dose dispersion, and particularly the importance of charge particle equilibrium at these scales; (ii) quantifying dispersion arising from grain-to-grain variations in environmental dose rate; (iii) developing measurement procedures giving the same luminescence response per unit dose as in nature; (iv) developing  a dispersion budget and new conceptual/numerical models for luminescence production based on (i) to (iii); and (v) testing the results of these investigations using well-defined natural samples. This project investigates fundamental issues of charge (de)trapping and recombination at small scales that have been completely ignored in previous studies, and problems of luminescence response that are sidestepped in the literature, in part by the unsatisfactory approach of arbitrary data rejection. These studies will result in major improvements in our understanding of the small-scale dosimetry of mixed radiation fields and a step change in the reliability of single-grain luminescence ages. The project links these fundamental studies to clear outcomes of considerable potential value to a variety of fields including earth sciences, archaeology and palaeoanthropology.
The comparative analysis of PI controller with PR controller for the single-phase 4-quadrant rectifier

The traction motor works as a inverter in regenerating mode, which achieves energy feedback with unity power factor. Though a proportional-integral(PI) controller is often used in traditional rectifier, bad tracking performance of sinusoidal input current is inevitable. A proportional-resonant(PR) controller resonates at fundamental frequency of input current to obtain a high gain, which can improve the tracking performance in rectifier. Based on analyzing the single-phase four-quadrant rectifier's principle, the mathematical model of ideal switch is established. A comparison is made between PI controller and PR controller for their effects to the rectifier. The results of this comparison show that the PI controller and the PR controller both can achieve good control effects. But the PR control structure is simpler and it can also improve the control accuracy. Besides, the PR controller is better than the PI controller at both sinusoidal reference tracking and anti-interference. The control theories above are successfully applied in control system of a single-phase four-quadrant rectifier. The simulation results prove the validity of the proposed PR control scheme.
100% recovery and recycling of construction vehicle crawler tracks into constituent rubber and steel for sustainable raw material supply

Aquablast Limited, www.aquablast.co.uk, are pioneers of Ultra High Pressure (UHP) waterjet technology with operating
pressures up to 60,000 psi, which is now an industry standard for steel and concrete surface preparation and cutting.
We are now introducing UHP water techniques to the recycling industry through Recyclatrack- a process that recovers and
recycles end-of-life rubber crawler tracks using UHP water-jets.

Recyclatrack has been developed so that construction equipment Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEMs), Maintenance,
Repair & Overhaul (MROs) and plant hire companies can dispose of growing numbers of decommissioned steel/rubber
composite crawler tracks safely and cost-effectively with a sustainable and environmentally compliant process.

Recyclatrack is a patent-pending ‘green’ solution for this problematic waste stream , achieving 100% recycling of scrap
crawler tracks to recover high grade ferrous scrap and rubber crumb, both of which are readily integrated back into the
market.
Participation in a food assistance program and excessive weight gain: an evaluation of the Brazilian Worker’s Food Program in male and female manufacturing workers

Several published studies have reported an association between participation in a food assistance program and greater prevalence of overweight/obesity. Our aim was to compare nutritional status and nutrient consumption between workers from manufacturing companies participant and non-participant in the Brazilian Workers' Food Program (WFP).Cross-sectional survey, based on a probability sample of manufacturing workers in Brazil obtained by stratified two-stage sampling, comparative between WFP and non-WFP participating companies. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and nutrient consumption (24-hour recall) were collected by trained nutritionists. Statistical analysis was done separately in each sex with mixed effects multilevel linear regression model including sampling weights and covariate adjustment.Thirty-three companies were randomly selected from all companies in three different economic activity sectors (food and beverages, non-metallic minerals, and textiles) in North-eastern Brazil, with stratification by company size, and a random sample of 929 workers (484 from non-WFP and 445 from WFP companies) was obtained from those companies. In males, the WFP group had higher BMI (+ 1.08 kg/m2, p < 0.001), greater WC (+ 3.27 cm, p < 0.001) and greater prevalence of obesity (OR 1.67, p < 0.001). In females, no statistical significant differences were observed in anthropometric parameters, but the WFP group had lower prevalence of obesity (OR 0.49, p = 0.05). Among workers in companies that provide lunch, males from WFP companies have greater consumption of carbohydrates (+ 39.5 kcal, p = 0.02) and protein (+ 11.1 kcal, p = 0.08), while females have lower protein consumption (- 14.2 kcal, p = 0.04) and also lower total daily consumption of carbohydrates (- 59.3 Kcal, p = 0.05) and total lipids (- 14.2 Kcal, p = 0.04).Participation in the WFP is associated with increased BMI and WC among male workers; however, this association was not found in females. Compared to the non-WFP group, in the WFP group, males have greater consumption of carbohydrates and protein at lunch, while women have lower protein intake. These results indicate the need that proposals for public policies aimed to the improvement of the nutritional status of populations take into consideration the different effects of food assistance programs in males and females.
Dynamics of surface melting over Amery and Ross ice shelf in Antarctic using OSCAT data

Abstract. Antarctic sea ice sheets play an important role in modulating the climate system. The present study investigates the dynamics of melt/freeze over Amery and Ross ice shelf located in Eastern and Southern part of continent using OSCAT, the microwave scatterometer data from OCEANSAT2. The study utilizes the sensitivity of backscatter coefficient values of scatterometer data to presence of liquid water in the snow caused due to melt conditions. The analysis carried out for four austral winters from 2010–2013 and five austral summer from 2009–2014 showed spatial and temporal variations in average backscatter coefficient over Amery and Ross shelf areas. A dynamic threshold based on the austral winter mean and standard deviation of HH polarization is considered for pixel by pixel analysis for the shelf area. There is significant spatio-temporal variability in melt extent, duration and melt index as observed in the analysis. Spatially, the melt over Amery shelf moves from South to North along coast and West towards inner shelf area. Maximum mean melt occurs on 9th January with January 1–15 fortnight accounting for 80 % of the melt. Extreme low melt conditions were observed during summer 2010–11 and 2011–12 indicating cold summer. Summer 2012–13 and 2013–14 were warm summer. Year 2014 experienced melt only in the month of January with entire shelf under melt conditions. Practically no melt was observed over Ross ice shelf.
New tools for monitoring the chemical status of transitional and coastal waters in the WFD

The protection of waters in Europe is regulated by the Water Framework Directive (WFD), which is mandatory for all European Union members. Significant progress has been made in the use of passive sampling devices for routine monitoring, but some barriers remain that prevent regulatory acceptance of passive sampling devices for checking compliance under the WFD. Adaptation of environmental quality standards suitable for passive sampling devices will allow their use to evaluate the chemical status of waters under the WFD.
The main driver of the MONITOOL project is to respond to European Directive demands for the assessment of chemical status of transitional and coastal waters. The quantification of WFD priority substances and emerging contaminants is of capital importance to implement the European policies for the protection of the marine environment. However, in many cases it is very difficult or even impossible, by traditional techniques and there is an urgent need to find accurate, reliable, easy and cost-efficient alternatives.
This project is deemed to be very pragmatic by adapting suitable environmental quality standards for priority and specific metals, to allow the use of passive sampling devices in a regulatory context, enhancing the implementation of the WFD and demonstrating the cross-regional (Canaries – Highlands and Islands) applicability of passive sampling devices in water monitoring and assessment by co-deployment of these devices and spot samples.
Reconstructing the origins of animal multicellularity using experimental evolution

All living animals are descended from a single-celled ancestor. Understanding how this ancestor became the first multicellular animal remains a major challenge in the field of evolutionary biology. Phylogenomic analyses have shown that animals are closely related to three unicellular lineages: choanoflagellates, filastereans and ichthyosporeans, altogether forming the Holozoa clade. Genetic and phenotypic studies have shown that the filasterean Capsaspora owczarzaki can under specific growth conditions form transient multicellular aggregates. However, why is this multicellularity only transient? What are the genetic and phenotypic requirements for its emergence and stabilization? And what is the role of the actin cytoskeleton in this transition? Indeed the actin cytoskeleton is known for its pivotal role for cell coordination and morphology, which must play a role in evolution of multicellularity. To address these questions, we will use the C. owczarzaki as a model organism. We will combine cell  biology, genomics and experimental evolution to unravel multicellularity emergence and stabilization. Specifically, we will aim to obtain evolved mutants showing excessive and more stable multicellular behaviour of C. owczarzaki using long-term experimental evolution. Such evolved strains would unravel how multicellularity emerged and stabilized. In addition, using random mutagenesis screen, we aim to identify mutants unable to form multicellular aggregates. Such mutants would reveal the minimum genetic requirements for such a transition. Finally, we will take advantage of recently developed genetic tools in C. owczarzaki to study the actin cytoskeleton during the cell cycle. Our results could reveal how the first multicellular ancestor of animals appeared from a genetic and cellular perspective, and, how cell fate specification was established during evolution. Results generated on this fellowship will be relevant to evolutionary, cell and developmental biologists.
QCA as competing or complementary method? A qualitative comparative analysis approach to protest event data

Studies of state repression of protest have focused on theories of threat and weakness, in which states repress movements that threaten state authority or elite interest or movements that lack organizational or political strength. Empirical studies have most often used regression analysis of protest-event datasets. This paper proposes qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) as an alternative approach to protest-event data that retains more qualitative complexity and captures the conjunctural and heterogeneous nature of causation during events. The paper applies both methods to protest data from the United States (1963–1973). While both methods provide strong evidence for the threat and weakness hypotheses, QCA more effectively illustrates how combinations of threat and weakness factors increase the risk of repression. The paper argues that QCA is a viable alternative approach to event data, but it should also be seen as a valuable complementary method that can improve regression-based approaches.
Expanding the Timeline for Earth’s Photosynthetic Red Edge Biosignature

When Carl Sagan observed the Earth during a Gallileo fly-by in 1993, he found a widely distributed surface pigment with a sharp reflection edge in the red part of the spectrum, which, together with the abundance of gaseous oxygen and methane in extreme thermodynamic disequilibrium, were strongly suggestive of the presence of life on Earth. This widespread pigmentation that could not be explained by geological processes alone, is caused by the cellular structure of vegetation - a mechanism for potentially limiting damage to chlorophyll and/or limiting water loss. The distinctive increase in the red portion of Earth's global reflectance spectrum is called the vegetation red edge in astrobiology literature and is one of the proposed surface biosignatures to search for on exoplanets and exomoons. Earth's surface vegetation has only been widespread for about half a billion years, providing a surface biosignature for approximately 1/9th our planet's lifetime. However, as chlorophyll is present in many forms of life on Earth, like cyanobacteria, algae, lichen, corals, as well as leafy vegetation, such a spectral red edge feature could indicate a wide range of life, expanding its use for the search for surface biosignatures beyond vegetation alone to a time long before vegetation became widespread on Earth. We show how lichens could extend the presence of Earth's red edge surface biofeature to 1.2 Gyr ago, while ocean surface algae and cyanobacteria could extend it to over 2 Gyr ago, expanding the use of a photosynthetic red edge to earlier times in Earth's history.