SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Quantum energy conditions and singularity theorems

The proposed project explores an important open question in mathematical physics today: the occurrence of singularities in spacetime - places where the usual understanding of physics breaks down. For example, singularities may exist at the center of black holes, or have occurred at the beginning of the universe. Singularity theorems, developed over the past 50 years following pioneering work of Penrose and Hawking, are mathematically rigorous results that imply that singularities are inevitable provided the matter content of the universe obeys a suitable energy conditions. Although forms of matter described by quantum field theory can violate the original energy conditions, recent developments provide hope that singularity theorems can be proved even in this case. To date, however, no known singularity theorem fully corresponds to the behaviour of quantum fields or takes into account the backreaction of the quantum field on the spacetime. The goal of this project is to establish singularity theorems for quantised matter using recent work by the researcher and the supervisor as a base. This will be approached in several ways (a) new quantum energy inequalities will be proved that are suitable for use in singularity theorems; (b) new singularity theorems will be proved using a transversely smeared version of the averaged null energy condition; (c)  analogues of singularity theorems will be investigated in the context of semiclassical gravity. The combination of the complementary expertise of the researcher and the supervisor is essential to the success of this project. Moreover the researcher will receive training from the supervisor in mathematically rigorous approaches to quantum field theory and relativity, which will broaden her knowledge and expertise. This project will help to resolve a major problem in mathematical physics today and provide insight into how the universe works.
“The body is his, pulse and motion”: Violence and Desire in Yvonne Vera's <em>The Stone Virgins</em>

This article examines Yvonne Vera’s representation of sexual violence in her 2002 novel The Stone Virgins. Set during the violent period of Zimbabwe’s postindependence history known as the gukurahundi, the novel shows how women’s bodies are made to bear the material wounds of protracted national struggles. Vera complicates this critique by articulating scenes of murder and rape using an intensely intimate lexicon, conventionally associated with amatory discourses. In order to elucidate the metaphoric and symbolic connections Vera establishes between desire and violence, I adopt a psychoanalytic framework that seeks to explain the pleasure culture derives from images of subjugated femininity. I argue that Vera’s disquieting conflation of violation with intimacy formulates a powerful critique of women’s inscription by dominant masculinist paradigms, and implicates normative attitudes concerning women’s passivity and sexual availability in a catastrophic national violence.
New times are opening borders

The project “New times are opening borders” intends to consolidate the cooperation undertaken by the municipal administrations of the two countries and to encourage solemn celebrations for Slovenia’s entry into the European Union. The project includes two main parts: the institutional, operational and organizational cooperation between the municipal administrations and the other bodies operating in the territories of the relevant municipalities and a series of events connected with the open borders and held in various places of the cross-border area in the partner municipalities’ territories.
Portable weigher for railway vehicles

The Council Directive 91/440/EEC, by separating the operation and the infrastructure management, causes for the Rail Infrastructure Managers (RIM) the necessity of making the railway network quality objective to their customers. This translates to a great demand for diagnostic instruments. 
The weight transferred from a rolling stock to the rail is an important factor in rail line wear. Being able to frequently measure these weights allows cost effective maintenance and safety guarantees. The state-of-the-art systems for rolling stock weight measurement imply high costs and long execution times. Besides being fixed systems, they are limited to a few locations in the rail network limiting the frequency of diagnostic activities, slowing down the maintenance and control processes. 
IVM has developed an innovative POrtable WEigher for Railway VEhicle (POWERVE) advances the management process of rolling stock fleets by opening to new diagnostic and maintenance scenarios: it is a crucial step forward into the direction of a frequent and fine-grain monitoring of the health of rolling stocks which is necessary for the sustainability of todays and future railway infrastructure. The innovation lies in the development of high tech compact load cells, which allows the creation of a portable, low cost, highly accurate and easy to use weighing system. 
The potential market for this system has already been confirmed by RFI, the Italian RIM. POWERVE brought innovation in the control and management process of RFI’s fleet by enabling a fine grain monitoring of rolling stocks’ weight, our ambition is to promote the management process innovation of railway infrastructure managers all over Europe. The main goal of this project is to assess the best approach to reach EU RIMS, to market POWERVE all over the EU by analyzing the specific impacts it can bring in RIM’s management processes, to improve POWERVE (TRL8) and further advance the internationalization process of IVM.
Regulation of tissue factor gene expression in monocytes and endothelial cells: Thromboxane A2 as a new player

Tissue factor (TF) is the primary activator of the coagulation cascade. Under normal conditions, endothelial cells (ECs) and blood cells, such as monocytes, do not express TF. However, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces TF expression in monocytes and this leads to disseminated intravascular coagulation during endotoxemia and sepsis. A variety of stimuli induce TF expression in ECs in vitro, although it is unclear how much TF is expressed by the endothelium in vivo. LPS induction of TF gene expression in monocytic cells and ECs is mediated by various intracellular signaling pathways and the transcription factors NF-ĸB, AP-1 and Egr-1. In contrast, vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) induces TF gene expression in ECs via the transcription factors NFAT and Egr-1. Similarly, oxidized phospholipids (such as 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine) induce TF expression in ECs and possibly monocytes via NFAT and Egr-1. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) can now be added to the list of stimuli that induce TF gene expression in both monocytes and ECs. Interestingly, inhibition of the TX-prostanoid (TP) receptor also reduces TF expression in with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulated ECs and LPS stimulated monocytes, which suggests that TP receptor antagonist may be useful in reducing pathologic TF expression in the vasculature and blood.
En Italie, solidarité pour un passage à l’âge adulte

Le soutien à l’autonomie des mineurs isolés étrangers constitue un angle mort du système d’accueil mis en place en Italie. La conception même de ce qu’est ou devrait être la protection de l’enfance étrangère en danger et les logiques d’assistanat et d’infantilisation qui la sous-tendent concourent à leur isolement, sinon à leur mise à l’écart. En Lombardie, une expérience originale d’accueil et d’accompagnement montre toute l’importance et les enjeux de l’émancipation de ces jeunes adultes en devenir.
Call Blocking Probabilities in a Two-Link Loss Model with Restricted Accessibility

In this paper we study the impact of restricted accessibility in a system of two parallel links that accommodates Poisson arriving calls from a single service-class. In a restricted accessibility system, a new call may be blocked even if available bandwidth units do exist at the time of its arrival. In the two-link system, each particular link has a low and a high threshold. Both thresholds express the number of in-service calls in the link. The low threshold shows the point up to which the link can support offloaded calls from the other link. The high threshold shows the point where one link starts offloading calls to the other link. The two-link system with restricted accessibility is modelled as a loss model whose steady state probabilities do not have a product form solution. In order to determine the main teletraffic performance metric in this model which is call blocking probabilities, we propose an approximate method. The accuracy of this method is verified via simulation and found to be quite satisfactory.
IMPROVED STARTER FOR PISTON ENGINE ALLOWING A MITIGATION OF THE RESISTIVE TORQUE

The present invention pertains to a system for starting a piston engine, comprising a crankshaft (1) adapted to rotate a shaft of said piston engine, and a starter (2), said system being characterised in that it further comprises a sequence of gimbals (3) comprising at least one universal joint, said series of gimbals (3) comprising an input shaft (5) adapted to be selectively rotatably connected to the starter (2), and an output shaft (6) rotatably connected to the crankshaft (1), said sequence of gimbals carry out a transformation of the instantaneous rotational velocity of the output shaft (6) relative to the intake shaft (5) that makes it possible to smooth out the resistive torque resulting from the compressions.
Evaluating a radiation monitor for mixed-field environments based on SRAM technology

Instruments operating in particle accelerators and colliders are exposed to radiations that are composed of particles of different types and energies. Several of these instruments often embed devices that are not hardened against radiation effects. Thus, there is a strong need for monitoring the levels of radiation inside the mixed-field radiation areas, throughout different positions. Different metrics exist for measuring the radiation damage induced to electronic devices, such as the Total Ionizing Dose (TID), the Displacement Damage (DD) and of course the fluence of particles for estimating the error rates of the electronic devices among other applications. In this paper, we propose an SRAM based monitor, that is used to define the fluence of High Energy Hadrons (HEH) by detecting Single Event Upsets in the memory array. We evaluated the device by testing it inside the H4IRRAD area of CERN, a test area that reproduces the radiation conditions inside the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) tunnel and its shielded areas. By using stability estimation methods and presenting experimental data, we prove that this device is proper to be used for such a purpose.
Narratives of loss: unravelling the origins of support for socially conservative political agendas

The key aim of the LOSS project is to unravel: How economic hardship affects support for socially conservative political agendas aimed at restricting the rights of marginalised groups (ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities, migrants, LGBTQIA+ and women), and how local and national policy contexts affect this relationship. Many European societies have recently experienced growing prejudice towards marginalised groups and the rise in support for far-right parties advocating to restrict the rights of these groups. These developments threaten the cohesion of national and local communities across Europe. While aggregate level evidence suggests that financial crises generally coincide with increased support for far-right parties, we do not understand why this happens. By developing a groundbreaking interdisciplinary theoretical framework that integrates insights about the role of loss from political science, sociology, social psychology and behavioural economics, the LOSS project contends that experiences of economic hardship translate into specific narratives of loss that in turn trigger support for social conservative political agendas. To empirically examine the importance of narratives of loss, the LOSS project employs an innovative multi-method empirical approach combining qualitative and quantitative research methodologies. To uncover the role of context, the project compares five European countries (Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) that vary in the level of compensation provided for economic hardship, and local contexts within these countries.
Stationary and rotational axisymmetric granular column collapse

The experiments presented investigate the collapse of a granular column on a stationary surface and a rotating table. A cylinder of radius r0 was positioned on the surface and filled with particulate to a height h0, giving an aspect ratio a = h0/r0. The cylinder was quickly removed and the resultant pile investigated. Spatial and geometric data obtained pre and post collapse were used to derive empirical relations. A high speed camera collected temporal data of the collapse in both cases.

In the stationary case a 3D laser scanner quantified measurements of the resultant pile from which scalings involving aspect ratio were derived. The spatial data revealed that the final runout of the pile is not only dependent on the aspect ratio of the initial geometry as previously thought [Lube et al., 2004; Lajeunesse et al., 2004] but also the initial column radius. This was also observed to be true for the angle at the base of the deposit. Theoretical considerations and obtained data allowed the summital angle to be described by material parameters and aspect ratio. X-ray computer tomography allowed observation and quantification of the internal phenomenology to include the granular packing and the failure surface over which the collapse occurs.

Consideration was given to the effect of rotation on previously obtained spatial and temporal scalings. Increasing the rotation rate encourages growth in the final pile radius until a critical frequency is reached where material loss begins to occur. Any further increase for fixed a results in further material loss and a decrease in the final pile radius. Initial results from DEM (discrete element method) simulations of granular collapse on a rotating table are presented for the case of spherical particles. In these simulations a spiral pattern evolves where all particles have left the central pile. Laboratory experiments have yet to demonstrate this exact patterning, but comparison to similar investigations suggests its existence.
Quantifying crop water stress factors from soil water measurements in a limited irrigation experiment

Abstract A correct simulation of crop responses to water stress is essential for a system model. In this study, we investigated three methods of quantifying water deficit stresses based on soil water measurements and their effects on simulating grain yield, biomass and canopy cover of corn ( Zea Mays L.). Experimental data were collected for six irrigation treatments designed to replace 40 to 100% of potential crop evapotranspiration (ETc) losses during the growing season, from 2008 to 2011 near Greeley, Colorado in a sandy loam soil (Limited Irrigation Research Farm, LIRF). Water available for plant uptake (PAW, plant available water) and the maximum PAW (MAW) in the soil were calculated for a constant 1 m soil profile from 45 days after planting till maturity. Water deficit stress factors were calculated as ratios of (1) PAW to alfalfa reference crop evapotranspiration (ETr) (WSF1), (2) PAW to MAW (WSF2), and (3) WSF2 to ETr (WSF3). Average WSF1, WSF2 and WSF3 over the growing season were related to end of the season grain yield, biomass, and fraction canopy cover measurements. These stress factors were implemented in the RZWQM2 cropping system model and the calibrated results compared with those obtained from using current stress factors in CERES-maize module in RZWQM2. The best simulation of the measured grain yields, biomass and LAI was obtained using WSF3. The modified model was also tested for simulating dryland and limited irrigation studies at Akron, CO, and irrigated corn in a sandy loam soil at Zaragoza, Spain and in a sandy soil at Gainesville, Florida, USA. In general, WSF3 gave slightly better simulations of grain yields, biomass and LAI than WSF2, WSF1 and the original stress factor.
Déterminants psychosociaux d’utilisateurs de drogues d’utiliser une seringue neuve

A limited number of injection drug users are hard to reach through needle-exchange programs. They obtain their injection material from drug-using peers. This dependence on others can make them more at risk of contracting HIV through sharing non-sterile syringes. The aim of this study is to identify determinants of the intention to systematically resort to use of a new syringe by injection drug users rarely or never involved in needle-exchange programs in Quebec.A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Québec city by means of a questionnaire measuring variables from the theory of planned behavior and past behavior. Participants (n=97) were recruited by acquaintances who kept regular contacts with the local needle-exchange programs. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the psychosocial determinants of the intention, and beliefs underlying those determinants were identified using multiple logistic regression.Half of participants reported using a new syringe for each injection in the last month. In multivariate analyses, this past behavior together with theory of planned behavior constructs explained 70% of the variation in participants intent to use a new syringe for each injection (control beliefs: beta=0.39; past behavior: beta=0.27; attitude: beta=0.21; perceived behavioral control: beta=0.20; subjective norm: beta=0.12). In logistic regression, six important beliefs were identified.This study resulted in the development of a predictive model of intention to use always a new syringe for each injection among a population of injection drug users in Quebec. Study results could serve as the foundation for the development of interventions to promote this behavior.
Architecture and Performance Evaluation of the Space Communication Protocol Proximity-1

The amount of data generated during missions to other planets is ever-increasing. To accommodate the requirements on communication equipment, relay communication such as lander-satellite-earth links are used. For short-range communication between a lander and a satellite, protocols such as Proximity-1 are used. 
This report describes the implementation, testing and evaluation of the Data link layer of the Proximity-1 space communication protocol. The implementation, called
Proximity-1 module, can establish a communication session with a remote Proximity-1 transceiver, transfer data, and reconfigure the radio link if needed. 
The Proximity-1 module is entirely implemented in hardware in order to off-load work from the On-Board Computer (OBC) of the system in which the module is used. The Proximity-1 module is designed to be as exible as possible in order to ease the task of incorporating it into a host system. 
The internal design of the Proximity-1 module is divided into blocks which correspond to the sublayers defined in the Proximity-1 standard. Each block is connected using streaming handshake interface. The well-defined block functionality and handshaking interfaces means that blocks implementing additional functionality can easily be added
into the design for future expansions. 
In order to ensure an efficient design, the module is designed to provide an evenly distributed workload throughout the implementation. In addition, a performance enhancing acknowledgment strategy which is not part of the Proximity-1 standard is proposed and implemented. The configuration can be used to reduce the number of acknowledgment
messages sent in a communication session and hence increase the effective data throughput.
Application of carrier element free coprecipitation (CEFC) method for determination of Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions in food and water samples.

A simple and highly sensitive separation and preconcentration procedure, which has minimal impact on the environment, has been developed. The procedure is based on the carrier element free coprecipitation (CEFC) of Co(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II) ions by using 2-{4-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-methylbenzyl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro- 1H-1,2,4-triazol-l-yl}-N'-(pyridin-2-yl methylidene)acetohydrazide (IMOTPA), as an organic coprecipitant. The levels of analyte ions were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The detection limits for Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions were found to be 0.40, 0.16 and 0.17 microg L(-1), respectively, and the relative standard deviations for the analyte ions were lower than 3.0%. Spike tests and certified reference material analyses were performed to validate the method. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions levels in sea and stream water as liquid samples and red pepper, black pepper, and peppermint as solid samples.
Simultaneous photocatalysis and adsorption based removal of inorganic and organic impurities from water by titania/activated carbon/carbonized epoxy nanocomposite

Abstract In the present study, we demonstrate the simultaneous efficient removal of heavy metals such as Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) ions as well as methylene blue (MB) dye from water by titania/activated carbon/carbonized epoxy (TiO 2 /AC/CE) nanocomposite with high activity and easy separation. A simple one-step solvothermal process is used for the synthesis of TiO 2 nanosphere for TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite. The as-synthesized TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite is characterized using XRD, SEM, TGA, BET, Raman, FTIR, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The adsorption/degradation characteristics of TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite are evaluated with varying contact time and at a fixed solution pH. The addition of AC on TiO 2 significantly improves the activity of TiO 2 . The TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite is found to be much active than bare TiO 2 nanoparticles and exhibits easy separation. Here, AC significantly enhances the surface area of the TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite and suppresses the phase transition of TiO 2 from photoactive anatase to less active rutile. The performance of the TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite for the decomposition of MB is found to be governed by the crystallinity of anatase phase of TiO 2 . For the removal of Pb(II) ions, the as-synthesized TiO 2 /AC/CE nanocomposite shows a high activity, where 97% of the Pb(II) ions are removed from aqueous solution.