SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Advanced studies of trapping and rotation of nanoparticles in vacuum

The aim of this proposal is to explore new and innovative routes to confine and cool trapped microparticles in vacuum. The elegance of trapping such microparticles in vacuum arises from the absence of any physical contact with the environment leading to any routes of dissipation. The challenge is to hold such particles in strong, highly localised traps, cool them and explore physics at the classical-quantum boundary.
The present proposal aims to address these issues with a number of clear routes to address acknowledged bottlenecks in the field. (i) Firstly the use of light propagation in complex media (such as a multimode fibre) combined with vacuum studies leads to an innovative route for trapping, confining and addressing microparticles in complex vacuum systems without the need for ‘bulk’ microscope objectives or conventional optics. This also facilitates trapping in such geometries and creating with ease loading and 'science' chambers for the proposed research. (ii) A further advance will be the use of nanostructures such as double nanohole arrays for trapping that, due to their strong light confinement lead to ultra-high trap stiffnesses. In turn this means the very high resultant oscillator frequency reduces the cooling needed to achieve the quantum ground state. (iii) Finally a third strand will look at loading antireflection coated particles into such traps. This can result in trap stiffnesses up to one to two orders of magnitude higher than currently seen, again allowing cooling to the ground state.
These ideas are disruptive and unconventional and unique to the applicant and host institute to the best of our knowledge. They will result in a step change in the field and internationally leading results. In addition the programme will allow a comprehensive and positive training package for the applicant as a basis for his future career in academia.
Realizing the political rights of persons with disabilities

Taking as its point of departure the adoption of the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities the fellowship – Realizing the political rights of persons with disabilities (PODI) – examines under which conditions disabled people’s organisations are most likely to achieve voice and influence on decision-making processes of importance for their own lives and for society as a whole. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities requires state parties, and the EU, to ‘closely consult with and actively involve persons with disabilities’, notably ‘through their representative organizations’. Enhancement of opportunities for disabled people’s organisations to fully participate in policy process will assist the EU in furthering its wider ambitions to engage civil society, and to fulfil its international treaty obligations to the UN on disability rights. The fellowship –will produce new knowledge to help make this a reality. It will launch the first cross-national and multilevel study of disability movements in Europe, beginning with in-depth data from four European countries (Germany, Italy, Norway and UK), and from EU and UN institutions. PODI will collect and analyse data on individual and organisational level as well as at national, EU and international level. PODI will identify implementation facilitators and barriers and make proposals for indicators to aid the EU and the Member States in monitoring their fulfilment of the UNCRPD (Articles 4.3, 29 & 33). A European centre of excellence (the Centre for Disability Studies at the University of Leeds, UK) will collaborate with an experienced researcher (Dr Rune Halvorsen, Norway) and civil society organisations of persons with disabilities (via the European Disability Forum) for intersectoral knowledge transfer, career development, and European added value.
External Costs of Transport and Land Equalisation

The reduction and/or internalization of the environmental, spatial and social costs caused by the transport sector are policy objectives which have been commonly assumed over the last decades (e.g. Directive 1999/62/EC, Directive 2006/38/EC). Within a market approach and according to the “polluter pays” principle, internalization is a way toward a comprehensive payment actually born by the transport users; in this “classic” vision, this is obtained by means of some additional/side pricing imposed to citizens/enterprises generating road traffic with private vehicles (e.g. road pricing: tolls, vignette, access fees; park pricing, vehicle/fuel taxation). However, incompleteness in the extent of the application of direct pricing and a missing or only partial link with modal policies, spatial planning and infrastructural decisions lead to failures of the internalization policies in terms of their ability to reach improvements of the sustainability of the transport systems over the time.
To foster the planning and investment approach to transport internalization (i.e. reallocation of public resources in the context of spatial planning, infrastructural decisions and modal policies) it is felt necessary to let available to Regions and Cities a knowledge base created from real experiences and a set of methodological and analytical tools to guide and support plans and policies definition.
Besides transport pricing policies, planning and investment decisions based on global transport costs are addressed as a “preventive” and more strategic approach to internalization, improving equity and sustainability of the transport systems.
Therefore, the ECOTALE project aims at integrating the traditional approach based on the “economic" (or market-based) internalization of external costs (i.e. pricing measures) by introducing  criteria and policies for a wider internalization approach considering land use and environmental planning as well.
By means of disciplinary and inter-disciplinary approaches, ECOTALE promotes the exchange, sharing and transfer of policy experience, knowledge and good practices in the field of the internalization of external cost of transport and in the field of planning and investment decisions based on global transport cost, with regard to all the policy development phases from understanding the problem, to implementing and improving the solution.
ECOTALE will permit to develop and make available practical Guidelines, reflecting a spreaded and innovative perspective for transport costs internalization, with special focus on the relations between global transport costs and land use planning. Beside the formulation of policy recommendations, special efforts will be devoted to the adaptation of the proposed methodolgies and procedures to the various national/regional regulatory contexts, within an overall implementation-oriented approach.
Suicidal ideation among racial/ethnic minorities: Moderating effects of rumination and depressive symptoms.

Among emerging adults and college students, racial and ethnic minorities experience greater risk for suicidal ideation and behavior than their White counterparts. Research has identified numerous cognitive risk factors for suicidal ideation. However, they have not been well studied among racial and ethnic minorities. The present study examined the association between these factors (brooding rumination, reflective rumination, hopelessness, and depressive symptoms) and suicidal ideation among 690 Black, Latino, and biracial college students. Among all groups, hopelessness was positively associated with suicidal ideation. Brooding was negatively associated with suicidal ideation, after adjusting for reflection and hopelessness, although only at low levels of depressive symptoms. Black race/ethnicity and Latino race/ethnicity, compared with biracial race/ethnicity, each separately interacted with reflection to predict lower levels of suicidal ideation at moderate to high levels of reflection. Furthermore, Latino race/ethnicity, compared with biracial race/ethnicity, interacted with both reflection and depressive symptoms, such that reflection was negatively associated with suicidal ideation among Latino individuals reporting depressive symptoms above the 39th percentile. Biracial race/ethnicity, compared with monoracial race/ethnicity, also interacted with reflection and depressive symptoms, with reflection associated with greater amounts of suicidal ideation at depressive symptom levels above the 39th percentile. Our findings suggest reflective rumination differentially affects racial and ethnic groups and should be considered in conjunction with depressive symptoms among Latino and biracial individuals in suicide risk assessment and treatment.
AIR AND WATER BARRIER ARTICLE WITH POROUS LAYER AND LINER

There is provided an article that includes a polymeric layer disposed on and covering a first major surface of an porous layer, an adhesive layer disposed on a second major surface of the elastic layer opposite the polymeric layer; and a liner disposed on a major surface of the polymeric layer opposite the first major surface of the elastic layer. The polymeric layer and the porous layer together form an air and water barrier that is water vapor permeable. The liner is water vapor impermeable. In a preferred embodiment the polymeric layer comprises a polyoxyalkylene polymer having at least one end group derived from an alkoxy silane. A method of applying the article to a surface of a building component is also provided.
Running away and radiating

Particle acceleration and radiation in plasmas has a wide variety of applications, ranging from cancer therapy and lightning initiation, to the improved design of fusion devices for large scale energy production. The goal of this project is to build a flexible ensemble of theoretical and numerical models that describes the acceleration processes and the resulting fast particle dynamics in two focus areas: magnetic fusion plasmas and laser-produced plasmas. This interdisciplinary approach
is a new way of studying charged particle acceleration. It will lead to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions that characterise fast particle behaviour in plasmas. Plasmas are complex systems, with many kinds of interacting electromagnetic (EM) waves and charged particles. For such a system it is infeasible to build one model which captures both the small scale physics and the large scale phenomena. Therefore we aim to develop several complementary models, in one common framework, and make sure they agree in overlapping regions. The common framework will be built layer-by-layer, using models derived from first principles in a systematic way, with theory closely linked to numerics and validated by experimental observations. The key object of study is the evolution of the velocity-space particle distribution in time and space. The main challenge is the strong coupling between the distribution and the EM-field, which requires models with self-consistent coupling of Maxwell’s equations and kinetic equations. For the latter we will use Vlasov-Fokker-Planck solvers extended with advanced collision operators. Interesting aspects include non-Maxwellian distributions, instabilities, shock-wave formation and avalanches. The resulting theoretical framework and the corresponding code-suite will be a novel instrument for advanced studies of charged particle acceleration. Due to the generality of our approach, the
applicability will reach far beyond the two focus areas.
Custom instruction generation and mapping for reconfigurable instruction set processors (abstract only)

Reconfigurable instruction set processors (RISP) is an emerging research field for state-of-the-art adaptive systems. However, it still poses significant challenges to generate and map the custom instructions to the original codes. This paper proposes a generation and mapping scheme to extend custom instructions for adaptive RISP. First a target function blocks (basic blocks) are generated from a dynamic profiler. Then the selected hot spot will be considered as a custom instruction and implemented in reconfigurable hardware logic units. With respect to the instruction selection, an instruction generator is utilized to provide a mapping mechanism from hot blocks to hardware implementations, using data flow analysis, instruction clustering, subgraph enumerating and subgraph merging techniques. Finally the original executable files are recompiled and regenerated by a customized GCC compiler. To demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the framework, a prototype instruction generator has been implemented to verify the correctness and efficiency of the mapping mechanism.
Comparison of Silkworm-Cocoon–Derived Silk Membranes of Two Different Thicknesses for Guided Bone Regeneration

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of silk membranes (SMs) of different thicknesses for guided bone regeneration. Two kinds of SMs were prepared (SM1: 0.01 mm thickness, SM2: 0.5 mm thickness). Before use in animal experiments, scanning electron microscope images were taken to examine the gross morphology of each membrane. Ten New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study. Bilateral round-shaped defects were created in the parietal bone (diameter: 8.0 mm) and each defect was covered with SM1 or SM2. Animals were killed at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Bone regeneration was analyzed in each specimen by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analysis. In the μ-CT analysis, the average amount of newly formed bone in the SM2 group was greater than that in the SM1 group. There was a significant difference at 4 weeks after surgery (P = 0.004). In the histological analysis, the amount of formed lamellar bone was much greater in the SM2 group than in the SM1 group at 8 weeks after surgery (P = 0.021). In conclusion, the thick SM was much more effective for bone regeneration of bone defects than the thin SM.
Molecular and Pathological Characterization of Colletotrichum falcatum Infecting Subtropical Indian Sugarcane

Red rot, caused by Colletotrichum falcatum, is the most significant problem of sugarcane worldwide. Pathological studies and three different marker systems were used to characterize 25 C. falcatum isolates collected from 18 subtropical sugarcane cultivars from 15 different sugarcane-growing regions of three north-eastern states of India to assess pathogen diversity. Of these 25 isolates, three were new (RR2A, RR15, RR83) from cultivars Co 7717, Co J83 and Co S88230, respectively, pathologically characterized on 13 standard differential hosts. Isolates Cf 01, Cf 08 and RR15 were the most, and Cf-07 the least virulent. Molecular characterization using random amplified polymorphic DNA, universal rice primers (URP) and inter simple sequence repeat markers amplified a total of 161 alleles of which 159 were polymorphic (98.76%). Unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averages analysis of combined data of all the DNA markers obtained by three marker systems classified 25 isolates into six clusters at 34% genetic similarity with high Mantel matrix correlation (r = 0.83). The principal component analysis (PCA) of marker data explained 68% of the variation by first three components. Molecular diversity as revealed in these isolates is very high, but non-structured. Isolate Co Pant 84212 was found to be genetically most diverse. We demonstrated for the first time that URPs derived from weed rice could successfully assess genetic diversity in C. falcatum. Molecular characterization of the C. falcatum isolates prevalent in north-eastern India would enable red rot management strategies, selection for resistance genes and development of resistant cultivars.
Associating literature and the imaginary with science: early years education

Our project fits into the narrative movement in scientific literacy but defends a different position with regard to children’s literature in science. We do not see a division between science and literature but rather a fertile convergence between the construction of a storyline and the activity of scientific “problematization”, a process at the heart of scientific learning. We believe that reading certain fictional narratives offers a conductive environment for engaging young children in scientific questioning. The meaning of the fictional narrative arises from the conflict between the elements of fiction and the elements of reality, between what is within the realms of possibility and what reflects the truth. In contrast, it is through fictional events that natural world phenomena can be questioned. Stories invent a “possible world” which forces the reader back to knowledge of the real world in order to understand it. Following Bruner, we attribute an epistemic aim to some fictional narratives.  This project seeks to understand how pupils aged 3-11 years get involved in science within and outside school based on the reading of fictional picture books with the aim of giving teachers the means to develop integrated teaching systems (science and literature): to what extent does reading fictional storybooks lead children to test their representations of the animal world, and more specifically metamorphosis? We will work with a body of “realistic fiction”-type children’s storybooks that bring into play the idea of metamorphosis. We will identify the literary sources to which pupils aged between 3-11 years refer spontaneously when they talk about animal transformations. We will analyse the mechanisms which give rise to the children’s questioning about the metamorphosis of animals as well as comprehending the nature and coherence of this questioning with regard to the stories themselves.
Integrative Alpine wildlife and habitat management for the next generation

Ecological connectivity (EC) is the basis of Alpine (&global) habitat & species protection. However, much work remains in realizing an integrative concept of ecosystem and biodiversity (BD) protection for the Alps (with EC existing at different territorial levels). _x000D_
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The project’s main objective is to consolidate & enhance transnational coop. in the field of nature conservation while establishing a coherent and complementary Alps-wide system of BD conservation, building on knowledge and results from previous activities. The project will identify areas with high potential of connectivity. In areas between PA mediation formats and EC implementation measures incorporating a wildlife strategy will be tested (regional level). The toolbox for regional and local bodies consists of JECAMI analyses, capacity building measures in NGO’s and administration, exchange on Natura2000 management and green infrastructure & fostering cross-border activities in, outside and beyond protected areas._x000D_
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Over the entire Alpine area the Strategic Alpine Conservation Areas (SACA) concept will be introduced. These areas serve to communicate spatial needs for EC. Local implementation in pilot regions (PR) illustrate how EC can be improved at an Alps-wide level based on existing policies. SACAs incorporate an Alps wide wildlife management strategy (WMS) based on analysis of diff. hunting systems & prioritization of activities, tested in PR. The interface to EUSALP is ensured through continuous exchange between relevant Action Groups (in particular 7&6), supporting a cross-cutting exchange between the Alpine Convention and the EUSALP perimeter with their respective key players. Eliminating the main barriers around the Alps is a key topic in the discussion with all EUSALP AGs. Beneficiaries of the project are manifold: civil society, decision makers, EU policy makers, stakeholders, spatial planners, green economy. An Alps-wide BD strategy by definition requires a transnational approach.
Public Policy Simulation Approach: its Applications and Prospects

This paper explores an ABM simulation approach and its applications and prospects in public policy.The debate on knowledge claims of social sciences is still unsolved.With the continuum of epistemological approaches,social simulation studies take their own nomothetic-idiographic position,while no doubt the ABM simulation approach in public policy occupies an important position.The complexity of the process of public policy restricts the effectiveness of traditional research methods.The scenario-based system analysis of public policy systems and mechanisms-based analysis of agents make the ABM approach break through the traditional research methods.With scientific modeling technology,rigorous testing session,3D presentation of policy outcomes,and group decision making platform,the ABM simulation approach provides unique scientific and humane exciting prospects in public policy area.
A Dynamic Approach to Fault Tree Analysis based on Bayesian Beliefs Networks

According to the Seveso Directives, the risk assessment is crucial for an effective control of major accident hazard. Nevertheless, the complexity of many Seveso sites, due to human, technical and organizational factors makes recognized common practices limited because of their intrinsic static nature. In this paper, a dynamic approach for risk assessment is proposed, which allows evaluating moment by moment the state of the system under analysis by Bayesian belief networks. A petrochemical coastal storage was selected as applicative case-study to verify the capability of the dynamic approach. Network training is performed by entering historical reliability data, near-miss and accidents data series collected on-site by periodical inspection plans on critical elements, as well as from the evidences of SMS reports. Upon proper refinement and further validation with reliable field data, the predictive approach may be used as a management decision-making tool.
Deoxynivalenol and its masked forms in food and feed

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most frequently occurring mycotoxins in cereal crops worldwide. DON poses a risk to human and animal health due to its wide range of adverse effects. Recently, novel insights into the metabolism of DON enabled the use of the biomarker approach for human exposure assessment. In certain subpopulations, a considerable proportion of tested individuals were found to exceed the maximum tolerable intake for DON. Since the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-β- d -glucoside (DON-3-Glc) is partly cleaved during mammalian digestion, liberation of DON might further increase the total mycotoxin burden. However, progress in better understanding detoxification strategies along the food and feed chain has been made and the first product for DON detoxification in feed was approved in the EU.
Six hypotheses of protandry in migratory birds and study hotspots in the future

Protandry refers the earlier arrival at breeding sites or reproductive stages of males than females. Focusing on the general phenomenon of males arriving at breeding sites earlier than females in migratory birds, we introduced six hypotheses for explaining the protandrous arrival, including rank advantage, susceptibility, constraint, mate opportunity, waiting cost, and mate choice hypothesis. We also discussed the applicability of these hypotheses to explain the protandry in migratory birds. In addition, we put forward the issues which might be important in the future research, including 1) occurrences of protandry in species of sexually homomorphism, 2) effects of global warming on protandry, and 3) effects of intrasexual competition on protandry.