SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Do background colors improve program comprehension in the #ifdef hell?

Software-product-line engineering aims at the development of variable and reusable software systems. In practice, software product lines are often implemented with preprocessors. Preprocessor directives are easy to use, and many mature tools are available for practitioners. However, preprocessor directives have been heavily criticized in academia and even referred to as #ifdef hell, because they introduce threats to program comprehension and correctness. There are many voices that suggest to use other implementation techniques instead, but these voices ignore the fact that a transition from preprocessors to other languages and tools is tedious, erroneous, and expensive in practice. Instead, we and others propose to increase the readability of preprocessor directives by using background colors to highlight source code annotated with ifdef directives. In three controlled experiments with over 70 subjects in total, we evaluate whether and how background colors improve program comprehension in preprocessor-based implementations. Our results demonstrate that background colors have the potential to improve program comprehension, independently of size and programming language of the underlying product. Additionally, we found that subjects generally favor background colors. We integrate these and other findings in a tool called FeatureCommander, which facilitates program comprehension in practice and which can serve as a basis for further research.
CONNECTION ELEMENT FOR ROOM FURNISHINGS WITH BOARD-TYPE ELEMENTS AND ASSEMBLY METHOD FOR SUCH ROOM FURNISHINGS

The invention relates to a connection element (1) comprising a plinth (2) for attachment to a short side (S) of a board-type element (P) of a room furnishing (R) and an engagement element (3) which projects from the plinth (2) in a direction away from the short side (S) when the plinth (2) is attached to the short side (S) of the board-type element (P) of the room furnishing (R), and can interlockingly engage an identical engaging element (3') of an identical connection element (1') of the short side (S') of an adjacent board-type element (P') of the room furnishing (R) or can engage an intermediate piece in particular for the non-linear connection of board-type elements (P, P') at an angle different from 180°, preferably at an angle of 60° or 90°.
Human sperm anatomy and endocrinology in varicocele: role of androgen receptor

The study of androgens involved in male reproduction has been object of intense efforts, while their reported action on human male gametes is limited. We previously described the presence of androgen receptor (AR) in sperm with a role related to the modulation of the PI3K pathway. In the present study, we investigated the expression of AR and its ultrastructural location in normal sperm as well as in spermatozoa obtained from varicocele patients. We observed a reduced AR content in varicocele sperm with respect to healthy sperm by western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The ultrastructural location of AR was detected mainly on the head membrane as well as in the nucleus, neck, and mitochondria. Influence of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment on cholesterol efflux was increased in normal sperm, while it was reduced or absent in varicocele sperm. To better understand DHT/AR significance in human male gametes, we evaluated triglyceride content and lipase, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities upon DHT treatment. The metabolic outcome glimpsed in normal sperm was an increased metabolic rate, while ‘varicocele’ sperm economized energy. Taken together, our results reveal DHT and AR as new players in sperm endocrinology, indicating that varicocele sperm may have difficulty in switching to the capacitated status. A decreased AR expression and a consequent reduced responsiveness to DHT in sperm may represent molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of varicocele leading to male infertility. This study revealed new detrimental effects of varicocele on sperm at the molecular level.
The Empirical Research of Degree of Acceptance Bills Rate Marketization

The steady progress of interest rate liberalization is an important part of deepening the economic and finance reform of our country.The rate of acceptance bills,which adopted the market principle quite early and have a high degree of liberalization among money market interest rates,is the ideal medium to achieve interest rate liberalization reforms.Through the empirical comparison of acceptance bills rate with SHIBOR,interbank offered rate,bond repo rate and other market rate,it is found that acceptance bills rate has a higher degree of liberalization and possesses fundamental characters as the benchmark interest rate for current money market.However,due to limitations such as regulations and laws,the market maturity degree and technical measures,there are still obstacles for the acceptance bills rate to be fully liberalized and to develop the function of the benchmark interest rate.This article offers suggestions from various aspects to deepen the interest rate liberalization.
Garibaldinism and radicalism: traditions of transnational war volunteering in southern europe, 1861-1936

This project’s overall objective is to carry out a transnational study of the legacies and the survival of the myth of the so-called Garibaldinism between the experience of the the Italian unification (1861) and the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). Following both a social and cultural history perspective, it will analyse how the legacy of Giuseppe Garibaldi in Southern Europe was very strong and was linked with social and political claims. In our approach Garibaldinism will refer to a political and cultural phenomenon aimed at encouraging a board and consciously “popular” type of aggregation strictly linked to the tradition of armed voluntarism and the attempt to form an ideal homogeneous block that goes beyond the single ideological matrices and political formations of which it is composed. Between 19th and 20th Century several European generations, the last was the antifascist one, claimed for themselves the cultural, political, and ideal heritage of Garibaldinism. There were radical volunteers wearing the traditional red shirt in Poland (1863), at Crete (1866-67), in France (1870-71), in the Balkans (1876), in Greece (1897), in Serbia (1912 and 1914), in France again (1914) and in Spain (1936-39). A significant part of those volunteers were republicans, anarchists or socialists. There are three main questions addressed by this research project:
•	Is it possible to identify a long-term tradition of international armed volunteering linked with political radicalism between the 19th and the 20th Century?
•	Is it right to speak about a transnational Garibaldinism?
•	Is it possible to identify Garibaldinism as a bridge between different radical political creeds (e.g. Anarchism, Socialism and, later on, Communism)? 
The deliverables will be two papers published in leading journals and a book published in English. The fellowship will be highly beneficial to establish the PI as one of the leading European experts on International armed volunteers in European history.
Optimization of cutting parameters using Response Surface Method for minimizing energy consumption and maximizing cutting quality in turning of AISI 6061 T6 aluminum

Abstract Modern production is faced with the challenge of reducing the environmental impacts related to machining processes. Machine tools consume large amounts of energy and, as a consequence, environmental impacts are generated owing to this consumption. Many studies have been carried out in order to minimize cutting power, cutting energy or power consumed by the machine tool. Nevertheless, the response variables mentioned before do not take into account the energy required by all the components inside the machine tool during the cutting operation. This paper presents an experimental study related to the optimization of cutting parameters in roughing turning of AISI 6061 T6 aluminum. Energy consumption and surface roughness were minimized, while the material removal rate of the process was maximized. A set of experimental runs was established using a Central Composite Design, and the Response Surface Method was employed to obtain the regression model for the energy consumed during machining, specific energy, surface roughness and material removal rate. The adequacy of the model was proved by Analysis of Variance analysis. The relationship between cutting parameters and the response variables (energy consumption, surface roughness and material removal rate) was analyzed using contour plots. Moreover, the desirability method was used to define the values of the variables that achieved a minimum quantity of specific energy consumed and minimum surface roughness. Feed rate and depth of cut were the most significant factors for minimizing the total specific energy consumed, and for minimizing the surface roughness, feed rate was the most significant factor. Compared to the traditional objective optimization, the optimal turning parameters determined by the proposed optimization method reduced the energy consumption in 14.41%, and the surface roughness in 360.47%. Consequently, sustainability and quality of the machining process were achieved at the same time.
The rate of X-ray-induced DNA double-strand break repair in the embryonic mouse brain is unaffected by exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields

Following in utero exposure to low dose radiation (10-200 mGy), we recently observed a linear induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and activation of apoptosis in the embryonic neuronal stem/progenitor cell compartment. No significant induction of DSB or apoptosis was observed following exposure to magnetic fields (MF). In the present study, we exploited this in vivo system to examine whether exposure to MF before and after exposure to 100 mGy X-rays impacts upon DSB repair rates.53BP1 foci were quantified following combined exposure to radiation and MF in the embryonic neuronal stem/progenitor cell compartment. Embryos were exposed in utero to 50 Hz MF at 300 μT for 3 h before and up to 9 h after exposure to 100 mGy X-rays. Controls included embryos exposed to MF or X-rays alone plus sham exposures.Exposure to MF before and after 100 mGy X-rays did not impact upon the rate of DSB repair in the embryonic neuronal stem cell compartment compared to repair rates following radiation exposure alone.We conclude that in this sensitive system MF do not exert any significant level of DNA damage and do not impede the repair of X-ray induced damage.
Fostering precision agriculture and livestock farming through secure access to large-scale hpc-enabled virtual industrial experimentation environment empowering scalable big data analytics

CYBELE generates innovation and create value in the domain of agri-food, and its verticals in the sub-domains of PA and PLF in specific, as demonstrated by the real-life industrial cases to be supported, empowering capacity building within the industrial and research community. Since agriculture is a high volume business with low operational efficiency, CYBELE aspires at demonstrating how the convergence of HPC, Big Data, Cloud Computing and the IoT can revolutionize farming, reduce scarcity and increase food supply, bringing social, economic, and environmental benefits. CYBELE intends to safeguard that stakeholders have integrated, unmediated access to a vast amount of large scale datasets of diverse types from a variety of sources, and they are capable of generating value and extracting insights, by providing secure and unmediated access to large-scale HPC infrastructures supporting data discovery, processing, combination and visualization services, solving challenges modelled as mathematical algorithms requiring high computing power. CYBELE develops large scale HPC-enabled test beds and delivers a distributed big data management architecture and a data management strategy providing 1) integrated, unmediated access to large scale datasets of diverse types from a multitude of distributed data sources, 2) a data and  service driven virtual HPC-enabled environment supporting the execution of multi-parametric agri-food related impact model experiments, optimizing the features of processing large scale datasets and 3) a bouquet of domain specific and generic services on top of the virtual research environment facilitating the elicitation of knowledge from big agri-food related data, addressing the issue of increasing responsiveness and empowering automation-assisted decision making, empowering the stakeholders to use resources in a more environmentally responsible manner, improve sourcing decisions, and implement circular-economy solutions in the food chain.
(16807.19102018.132000110) WEB À STOCKER

NETCITY VISE À RÉVOLUTIONNER LE MARCHÉ DE LA VENTE DE LUNETTES À TRAVERS UN PROJET AMBITIEUX QUI IMPLIQUE LE DÉVELOPPEMENT D’UN SYSTÈME DE GESTION DE LA CLIENTÈLE?WEB À STOCKER? INTÉGRÉ À UN PROCESSUS DE DISTRIBUTION TOTALEMENT ORIGINAL SUR LE MARCHÉ ET BASÉ SUR LES TECHNOLOGIES TIC. L’IDÉE DERRIÈRE LE PROJET? CELUI DE DÉVELOPPER UNE PLATEFORME INTÉGRÉE DE SERVICES POUR GÉRER À TRAVERS LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES TIC LA RELATION ENTRE LE CLIENT ET SON OPTICIEN DE CONFIANCE, DANS LA PERSPECTIVE D’UNE STRATÉGIE MARKETING AUTOMATION.IN DÉTAIL, LE W2S (WEB TO STORE)? UN PROJET QUE SAR? DÉVELOPPÉ SOUS LA MARQUE OTTITALY (MARQUE DE NETCITY), POUR DÉVELOPPER UNE NOUVELLE PLATEFORME AUTOMATIQUE B2B ET B2C AVEC UN TRAFIC GÉOLOCALISÉ POUR LA POUSSÉE DES CLIENTS CONSOMMATEURS, DANS LES POINTS DE VENTE AFFILIÉS À OTTITALY ET POUR LA RÉSERVATION DES PRODUITS ACUITIS, À ASSEMBLER AVEC DES LENTILLES SHAMIR, VIA LE CANAL WEB/MOBILE/SOCIAL. LE PROJET IMPLIQUE LA DÉFINITION DE LA STRATÉGIE NUMÉRIQUE, SA RÉALISATION
Morphological Differences between Ruptured and Unruptured Basilar Bifurcation Aneurysms

Background Aspect ratio (AP), daughter artery ratio (DA), and lateral angle ratio (LA) have been reported in middle cerebral artery bifurcation aneurysms to correlate with rupture status. Objective To study the differences in AP, DA, LA, and aneurysm orientation between ruptured and unruptured basilar bifurcation aneurysms. Methods Three-dimensional (3D) angiograms of patients with basilar bifurcation aneurysms were analyzed for AP, DA, and LA. Aneurysm projection was classified as type A if the long axis of aneurysm was along basilar artery and type-B if otherwise. Results Thirty-one ruptured and 17 unruptured aneurysms were analyzed. The APs were significantly different (p = 0.008), 2.63 ± 1.1 for ruptured aneurysms and 1.7 ± 0.55 for unruptured aneurysms. AP ≥ 1.9 correlated with rupture status with 68% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Type-A configuration was significantly associated with ruptured aneurysms with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.9. LAs were 0.9 ± 0.4 and 1.4 ± 0.8 for ruptured and unruptured aneurysms, respectively, and the difference tended to be significant (p = 0.56). DAs were 1.25 ± 0.22 and 1.21 ± 0.19 for ruptured and unruptured aneurysms without any statistical difference. Conclusion AP > 1.9, type-A configuration, and lower LA is associated with ruptured basilar bifurcation aneurysms. DA did not differ between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms.
Characterizing the roles of transcription factor isoforms in rewiring gene regulatory networks during adipogenesis

Metabolism-related disorders like obesity are on the rise worldwide, posing a major global disease burden. Fat tissue is a key site of metabolic regulation, and understanding how adipocytes develop is an important step in designing effective treatment or intervention strategies. This proposal aims to understand the gene regulatory network (GRN) underlying adipogenesis and to which extent this GRN is modulated by transcription factor (TF) isoforms. Adipogenesis is regulated by a network of successively activated TFs. Many of these TFs have multiple isoforms, a handful of which (e.g. PPARγ) are known to function divergently from their reference forms. Thus, this project will investigate the potentially key role of TF isoforms in shaping the adipogenic program and its robustness. In Objective 1, I will combine computational analysis with a novel microfluidic in vitro TF–DNA binding assay to characterize the DNA binding specificities of TF isoforms with the goal of identifying those that have the potential to rewire GRNs. In Objective 2, I will screen for TF isoforms that modulate the process of adipogenesis, using a novel droplet-based single-cell technology to assay how adipocyte differentiation changes in response to TF isoform overexpression. ChIP-seq and single-cell transcriptome profiling, combined with powerful computational analysis, will elucidate the molecular basis of these changes in relation to GRNs. Findings from this project will improve our understanding of transcriptional mechanisms in adipogenesis. Furthermore, results will have broad implications for the role of TF isoforms in gene regulation, highlighting the complexity of gene regulatory mechanisms that underlie cell and tissue specificity.
China’s VAT Tax Reform: A Boon for the Economy or an Opportunity for Moral Hazard?

In 2012, the Chinese government replaced the existing business sales tax with a Value-added tax for some, but not all, Shanghainese firms. The change was intended to reduce the effective tax rate for firms and stimulate capital investment and employment. Of concern is the potential for managerial moral hazard, whereby self-interested managers might appropriate some of the tax savings for themselves rather than use the tax savings as intended. This paper examines the impact of the tax change on the affected firms and finds no significant evidence that the intended positive effects were achieved. Moreover, it also finds no strong evidence of moral hazard. Instead, the paper documents that the tax change seems to have had a deleterious effect on firm performance. Specifically, employee compensation, capital expenditures, and free cash flow are all lower when the tax changes became effective, with the negative impact on cash flows lingering through 2014. An examination of the effective tax rate reveals that the tax change increased rather than decreased the effective tax rate in 2012 and 2013.
Techno-economical optimization of wind power production including lithium and/or hydrogen sizing in the context of the day ahead market in island grids

In this article an optimal storage sizing based on technical and economical modeling is presented. A focus is made on wind power producers participating in day-ahead markets for island networks and energy storage using Li-Ion and H2/O2 batteries. The modeling approach is based on power flow models and detailed optimization-oriented techniques. An importance is given to the storage device ageing effects on the overall hybrid system levelized cost of the energy. The results are presented for the special case of renewable power integration in the French islands networks. The analysis obtained after the results shows the importance of this type of modeling tool for decision making during the initial conceptual design level.
TAPERED ROLLER BEARING

A tapered bearing assembly that includes in inner ring and an outer ring being radially spaced by a plurality of bearing elements. A cage is disposed between the inner and outer ring and circumferentially spaces the bearing elements. The outer ring includes an inner surface defining a conical shape that includes a raceway. The outer raceway provides a rotational rolling surface for the bearing elements to limit the transfer of rotational energy from the inner ring. A method of constructing the tapered bearing assembly, through relative movement of parts, includes placing bearing elements in a cage that circumferentially spaces the bearing elements. The cage and bearing elements are then placed within a raceway defined by an inner surface of an outer ring. The outer ring, cage, and bearing elements are then placed over an inner ring. The inner ring and the shaft are integral.
WIND MACHINE

Винахід належить до вітроенергетики, а саме до вітрових машин з горизонтальною віссю обертання. Вітрова машина містить поворотну основу, флюгерну пластину, лопатеве вітрове колесо та концентричне вітровому лопатевому колесу вітрове циліндричне колесо, лопаті якого розташовані уздовж твірних умовного циліндра, розташованого навколо вітрового лопатевого колеса. При цьому вітрове циліндричне колесо виконано з можливістю здійснювати обертання, що є зустрічним обертанню вітрового лопатевого колеса. Технічний результат винаходу полягає у збільшенні коефіцієнта використання енергії вітру.
Do general innovation policy tools fit all? Analysis of the regional impact of the Norwegian Skattefunn scheme

The paper examines the regional effects of a general innovation policy, i.e. a policy tool that does not target specific industries or subnational regions. General policy tools are an important part of the portfolio of innovation policy measures. However, there is a question over whether general tools are equally relevant for all types of firms, irrespective of their size, sector and location. The economic geography and innovation study literature, as well as the EU’s Smart Specialization approach, are based on the view that innovation policy tools must be adapted to specific regional conditions. General policy tools are insufficient unless they are adapted to individual regions. This paper examines the regional distribution of support from the Norwegian Skattefunn scheme, which is a tax incentive scheme designed to stimulate R&D activity in all types of enterprises, which has supported more than 24,000 approved R&D projects between 2002 and 2013. Based on our regression analysis, we observe that regional innovation system (RIS) variables are important for explaining the region’s ability to attract Skattefunn funding. Skattefunn projects are quite evenly spread across labour market regions, which are grouped into a geographical centre–periphery pattern. That is, being in a peripheral location is not a disadvantage. However, at a more detailed regional level, the Skattefunn scheme tends to favour firms in specific industries and in regions with a relatively developed regional innovation system.
THE UNITED STATES AND THE GUOMINDANG (KMT) FORCES IN BURMA, 1949–1954: A DIPLOMATIC DISASTER

As Mao Zedong’s armies swept to victory in 1949, thousands of Guomindang (KMT) troops fled into northern Burma. The newly independent country they entered was near collapse. Burma had not recovered from the devastation of World War II and also faced two communist rebellions and several insurgencies in ethnic minority areas. The KMT troops complicated Burma?s relations with the new People?s Republic of China (PRC), fed traditional suspicions of the Siamese, and poisoned relations between the United States and Burma for years to come. This article explores the dynamics of the KMT issue, how it bitterly divided American diplomatic opinion, and how it was temporarily resolved in 1953 and 1954.
MODULAR ELONGATE WALL-MOUNTED SENSOR SYSTEM AND METHOD

Sensor-mounting devices are disclosed. A sensor mounting device has a tubular body having a front end, a rear end, and a through hole that extends between the front and rear ends. The tubular body front end includes a flange with a perimeter that is larger than a perimeter of the tubular body. The flange may be positioned at a front face of a mounting structure. A sensor-attachment structure is located on at least one of the tubular body and the front flange. Further locking structure extends from the tubular body to couple the tubular body to the mounting structure. The locking structure is at least one item from the group consisting of: a rear flange, a barb, and threading.