SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
2.5 A 40×40 Four-Neighbor Time-Based In-Memory Computing Graph ASIC Chip Featuring Wavefront Expansion and 2D Gradient Control

Single-source shortest path (SSP) problems have a rich history of algorithm development [1–3]. SSP has many applications including AI decision making, robot navigation, VLSI signal routing, autonomous vehicles and many other classes of problems that can be mapped onto graphs. Conventional algorithms rely on sequentially traversing the search space, which is inherently limited by traditional computer architecture. In graphs which become very large, this slow processing time can become a bottleneck in real world applications. We propose a time-based ASIC to address this issue. Our design leverages a dedicated hardware implementation to solve these problems in linear time complexity with superior energy efficiency. A $40\times40$ four-neighbor grid implements a wavefront (WF) expansion with a first-in lockout mechanism to enable traceback. Outside the array, a programmable resistive ladder provides bias voltages to the edge cells, which enables pulse shaping reminiscent of the A* algorithm [3].
ANTICOPY FILM FOR PREVENTING DOCUMENT REPRODUCTION IN A DUPLICATING ATTACHMENT WITH A GIVEN APERTURE ANGLE

The invention relates to an anticopy film comprised of cylindrical hemispheric lenses and related cover beams with a defined shape and design. Covering layers and additional pigments in the beam material ensure optimal covering and transparency effects. Optimally selected shades improve the anticopy effect and increase the substantive uses of such films.
Monogenic scale space based region covariance matrix descriptor

In this paper, we present a new face recognition algorithm based on region covariance matrix (RCM) descriptor computed in monogenic scale space. In the proposed model, local energy information and local phase information obtained using monogenic filter is used to represent a pixel at different scales to form region covariance matrix descriptor for each face image during training phase. An eigen-value based distance measure is used to compute the similarity between face images. Extensive experimentation on AT&T and YALE face database has been conducted to reveal the performance of the monogenic scale space based region covariance matrix method and comparative analysis is made with the basic RCM method and Gabor Wavelet based region covariance matrix method to exhibit the superiority of the proposed technique.
HOUSING FOR PROTECTING AND MASKING A TOILET BOWL AND A TOILET BOWL PROVIDED THEREWITH

The invention relates in particular to a housing for protecting and masking a toilet bowl whose top part is provided with a peripheral inwardly folded edge which delimits with the bowl a water distribution channel and which is characterised in that it consists of a body (30) and a cover part (32) which is open in the center thereof, is independent of said body (30) and is arrangeable on the body in such a way that it covers the peripheral edge (11) of the bowl, wherein the body (30) is provided with an anchoring part (5) interacting with the cover part (32) and said anchoring and cover (32) parts comprise complementarily shaped connecting means (51, 330).
Estimation of heavy metal exposure in workplace and health risk exposure assessment in steel industries in Iran

Abstract Measuring air pollutants such as heavy metals in the workplace, usually takes a long time, equipment and budget and due to variation in concentration, the results of short term researches are not reliable. To assess the health risk of workers in the smelting unit of an alloy steel factory to long term exposure to heavy metals, a simple, fast and less expensive method was used for evaluation with the combination of suspended dust analysis and PM 10 measuring. The results showed that the highest and lowest concentration value was respectively recorded for Pb and Cd. Although, the average concentrations of heavy metals were lower than the recommended levels of occupational exposure, their occupational carcinogenic risks were different. The carcinogenic risk of Pb, Ni and Cd was low and acceptable, but was higher and unacceptable for Cr; therefore, using protective respiratory equipment and more efficient local ventilation was recommended.
B Cell-Derived IL-10 Does Not Regulate Spontaneous Systemic Autoimmunity in MRL.<i>Fas<sup>lpr</sup></i> Mice

B cells contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic autoimmune disorders, like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), via multiple effector functions. However, B cells are also implicated in regulating SLE and other autoimmune syndromes via release of IL-10. B cells secreting IL-10 were termed "Bregs" and were proposed as a separate subset of cells, a concept that remains controversial. The balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory effects could determine the success of B cell-targeted therapies for autoimmune disorders; therefore, it is pivotal to understand the significance of B cell-secreted IL-10 in spontaneous autoimmunity. By lineage-specific deletion of Il10 from B cells, we demonstrated that B cell-derived IL-10 is ineffective in suppressing the spontaneous activation of self-reactive B and T cells during lupus. Correspondingly, severity of organ disease and survival rates in mice harboring Il10-deficient B cells are unaltered. Genetic marking of cells that transcribe Il10 illustrated that the pool of IL-10-competent cells is dominated by CD4 T cells and macrophages. IL-10-competent cells of the B lineage are rare in vivo and, among them, short-lived plasmablasts have the highest frequency, suggesting an activation-driven, rather than lineage-driven, phenotype. Putative Breg phenotypic subsets, such as CD1d(hi)CD5(+) and CD21(hi)CD23(hi) B cells, are not enriched in Il10 transcription. These genetic studies demonstrated that, in a spontaneous model of murine lupus, IL-10-dependent B cell regulation does not restrain disease and, thus, the pathogenic effects of B cells are not detectably counterbalanced by their IL-10-dependent regulatory functions.
Conformal and multi-scale time-domain methods: From tetrahedral mesh to meshless discretisation

Numerical methods applied in Cartesian grids have become workhorses for general purpose time-domain electromagnetic simulations because of their simplicity, efficiency and scalability. Implementations often consider specific treatments for curved and slanted boundaries, as well as sub-cell models and sub-gridding schemes. As alternative, methods based on unstructured discretisation, such as a tetrahedral mesh, have never truly become mainstream techniques despite their remarkable capabilities for accurate multi-scale and conformal modelling. This paper firstly reviews the development of a particular conformal time-domain method applied in tetrahedral meshes, namely the Finite-Volume Time-Domain method, and illustrates its potential for multi-scale problems in a selected example. The second part of the paper points out a novel class of methods which are amenable to conformal time-domain implementation on clouds of points. These so-called “meshless methods” do not require an explicit mesh definition, and open new perspectives towards future applications involving multi-scale multi-physics problems.
Estudio mediante difracción de rayos X de las tensiones residuales producidas durante el depósito de películas delgadas de TiN sobre sustratos metálicos

The influence of film thickness and the substrate type on the level and type of residual stresses generated on TiN coatings are analyzed. Two different physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques: Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Plating were applied. Two materials were used as substrate: stainless steel AISI 304 and AISI M2 tool steel. The study of the residual stresses, the present phases, the crystalline structure and the crystallographic texture of the deposited films was performed by X-ray diffraction analysis using the grazing method with a low incidence angle. The results show that the residuals stresses produced by both deposition techniques were of compression and that their level decreased by increasing the film thickness. Moreover, the residual stresses were higher in those coatings deposited by Magnetron sputtering than coatings produced by Ion Platting. The residuals stresses in the films deposited on the AISI 304 steel were greater than those produced in AISI M2 steel. This is due to the delivery energy mechanism to the layer growth and momentum of the ionized particles, which directly influence the microstructure and increase or decrease residual stresses. Regarding the substrate, residuals stresses were greater on the films produced on AISI 304 steel, than those deposited on the AISI M2 steel, which is possibly due to the lower coefficient of thermal expansion of M2 steel.
MULTI-FUNCTION CONDIMENT CONTAINER

A container for condiments includes a container portion having generally planar bottom, a generally parallel flange, and defining a cavity having a discharge spout adjacent the parallel flange. The container further includes a generally planar cover portion fashioned from a material more flexible that the material of the container portion and secured to the flange by an adhesive. The container preferably includes a weakened region transversely aligned with the spout but not having fluid communication therewith. Moreover, the container preferably includes a peel initiating structure aligned with the spout but spaced therefrom effective to reduce the peeling force required to separate the cover portion from the container portion.
New nanomaterials for neural stem cells drug delivery

Brain conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, stroke and traumatic injuries are a mayor burden in modern society. Because neural stem cells (NSCs) can differentiate into new neural cells including neurons, the regulation of their proliferation, differentiation and migration represent a promising regenerative/therapeutic strategy. The hypothesis of NanoStem project is that novel nanoparticles (NPs) combined with recent identified/developed pharmaceuticals can be an efficient approach to control the biological activity of NSCs. The scientific project is organized in three work packages (WP), each focusing on specific objectives and containing well-defined deliverables. WP1 will focus on the synthesis of the nanomaterials and the uploading of the therapeutics. WP2 will take the best nanoparticles and focus more on the evaluation of the permeation and efficacy of the formulations against NSCs. WP3 will focus on in vivo studies to evaluate the formulations developed to tackle the brain and to assess their toxicity. The project will train 14 ESRs in areas including organic and polymer chemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, neuroscience, nanobiotechnology and clinical sciences. The project will also provide a substantial training program in complementary skills, targeting both professional and personal development, and translation of research and entrepreneurship. The project brings together six academic partners, one hospital and two industrial teams as full partners, complemented by four associate partners, one of which is an industrial team, distributed over a total of seven European Union member states. The consortium brings together groups with a very interdisciplinary expertise ranging from nanoparticle synthesis and characterization, computational modeling, in vitro BBB models and BBB transport, neural stem cells, animal testing and clinical expertise.
Optochemical control of cell fate by activation of mrna translation

Light is an excellent external regulatory element that can be applied to cells and organisms with high spatio-temporal precision and without interfering with cellular processes. Optochemical biology exploits small photo-responsive chemical groups to cage and activate or to switch biomolecular functions in response to light of a defined wavelength. Caged antisense agents have enabled down-regulation of gene expression with spatio-temporal control at the messenger-RNA (mRNA) level in vivo, however approaches for triggering translation of exogenous mRNA lack efficient turn-on effects. To explore the effects of conditional and transient ectopic gene expression in a developing organism it is vital to fully abrogate and restore translational efficiency. 

The goal of this project is to bring eukaryotic mRNA under the control of light to trigger efficient ectopic translation with spatio-temporal resolution in cells and in vivo. To achieve this, eukaryotic mRNA will be photo-caged at its 5′ cap using a highly promiscuous methyltransferase capable of transferring very bulky moieties from synthetic analogs of the cosubstrate S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet). A single 5′ cap modification will block translation of the respective mRNA. Its light-triggered removal will release unmodified capped RNA, which in cells will be efficiently remethylated to form the canonical 5′ cap resulting in uncompromised translation. 

In addition to labeling and tracking subpopulations of cells, we will use our technology to control and to manipulate cell fate by locally producing proteins responsible for cell death, genome engineering, and cell migration. We will use cultured cells and one-cell stage zebrafish embryos that can be easily injected with mRNA to study the function of ectopic gene expression in early development. Our approach will overcome current limitations of photo-inducible mRNA translation and enable us to manipulate a developing organism at the molecular level.
Synthesis and characterization of multi-responsive poly (NIPAm-co-AAc) microgels

Two samples of multi-responsive copolymer microgels, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) [P(NIPAm-co-AAc)], were synthesized by emulsion polymerization using different amounts of emulsifier. The unreacted monomers and surfactant were removed from the microgels by dialysis. Dynamic Laser Light Scattering (DLS) was used to determine the diffusion coefficient and hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of the microgels at different pH values and temperatures. At pH 7 the microgel showed rapid response to temperature and underwent volume phase transition (VPT) as the temperature was raised. At lower temperature the microgels were in the hydrated or swollen state but beyond 38oC, the size was abruptly decreased. Under different conditions of pH and NaCl concentrations, variations in VPTT values were noticed. By increasing pH the VPTT was increased but the addition of salt had an inverse effect. The weight average molar mass (Mw) and radius of gyration (Rg) were measured by Static Laser Light Scattering (SLS). FTIR spectroscopy was used to confirm the chemical structures of microgels
Advanced manufacturing and the transition of regional economies: institutions, social regulation and development in apulia and lower silesia

At a time of technological transition REGinTRAN aims to understand under which conditions advanced manufacturing might turn out to be a viable driver for sustaining the development of regions suffering from structural disadvantages. On the one hand, the literature on systems of advanced manufacturing has mostly concentrated on a few highly successful regions and established a clear-cut distinction between growing and declining regions. On the other hand, studies on the national models of capitalism have tended to adopt a deterministic account of the process of economic development yet overlooking the role of actors. The main innovative contribution of REGinTRAN will be to embrace a dynamical perspective of the study of regional trajectories by taking into consideration the hitherto unrealized potential of less developed territories. More precisely, the project will investigate the linkages between social actors’ mobilizations, patterns of state intervention and the opportunities and constraints offered by digital technologies for industrial transformation. This will contribute to produce new knowledge on the institutions and mechanisms that can foster (or hinder) a process of socio-economic transition. REGinTRAN will be based on an interdisciplinary approach building on comparative political economy, sociology of public action and regional and economic geography. Apulia and Lower Silesia will be investigated in depth through a systematic comparison using causal process tracing (1999-2016). A quantitative analysis of socio-economic indicators for less developed regions in Europe will complement the case-study analysis. The project will provide policy inputs on how to build a collective capacity of action by mobilizing unused resources and promoting inclusive growth. Different measures (workshops with students and professionals; one policy-brief) will be taken in order to disseminate results and stimulate a wider non-academic debate.
Contesting African landscapes: A critical reappraisal of Sierra Leone’s competing forest cover histories

In the late-1990s anthropologists James Fairhead and Melissa Leach declared in a series of seminal publications that mainstream understandings of Sierra Leonean forest cover history had greatly exaggerated its past extent and rate of conversion to other land uses. Using archival evidence, they recast the ‘official’ story as a product of antiquated European environmental philosophy rather than empirical data. Moreover, they found that it distorted environmental policy by perpetuating images of a mythological past in which once nearly universal forest cover had been (and continued to be) denuded and degraded by irrational, primitive rural agricultural practices. Building on this foundation, they developed a trenchant critique of the existing academic literature describing land cover change in Sierra Leone, discounting most findings on the grounds of the authors’ uncritical engagement with the colonial-era narrative. In this article we present a re-evaluation of this influential thesis, arguing that while their broader critique is quite sound, historical deforestation in Sierra Leone has most certainly been considerably exaggerated, Fairhead and Leach overreached in their dismissal of prior works. Drawing upon new empirical data, we revisit these debates and develop a more nuanced critical platform from which to understand Sierra Leone’s forest cover history.
The gas isotope interpretation tool: A novel method to better predict production decline

Production decline prediction is important to understand the performance and life span of oil and gas wells. The most common prediction method is decline curve fitting based on available production rate data. Such data are fit with different equations that extrapolate to future time. However, the parameters are commonly poorly constrained, especially when the production rate data are limited. In this study, we establish a novel gas isotope interpretation tool to better predict the resource quantity and life span of producing gas wells. This tool is based on the evolution of methane carbon isotope ratios (δ13C1) caused by different gas-releasing processes during production. It requires (1) real-time methane carbon isotope ratio data, (2) continuous gas production rate data for a certain period of time, and (3) basic geological and engineering conditions. We successfully applied the production decline prediction tool to a producing shale gas well in the Barnett Shale. We obtained real-time δ13C1 data for approximately 1 yr using our proprietary, field-deployable gas chromatography–infrared isotope ratio analyzer. The prediction in this well from the isotope method showed a total reserve of up to 7.34–7.75 BCF (2.07–2.19 × 108 m3), which was used to constrain the production decline trend of the study well. The measured production rate data were first fit using the Arps equation, which then joined to an exponential decline curve smoothly at approximately 10 yr, such that the cumulative production calculation from integration of the product rate curve equaled to the total reserve predicted by the isotope method. The novel production decline prediction method thus provided important constraint on the future well production and expected ultimate recoverable reserves.
Early COPD Diagnosis in Family Medicine Practice: How to Implement Spirometry?

Introduction . COPD is often diagnosed at an advanced stage because symptoms go unrecognized. Furthermore, spirometry is often not done. Methods . Study was conducted in diverse family medicine practice settings. Patients were targeted if respiratory symptoms were present. Patients had a spirometry to confirm the presence of airflow obstruction and COPD diagnosis. An evaluation of the process was done to better understand facilitating/limiting factors to the implementation of a primary care based spirometry program. Results . 12 of 19 primary care offices participated. 196 of 246 (80%) patients targeted based on the presence of smoking and respiratory symptoms did not have COPD; 18 (7%) and 32 (13%) had COPD, respectively, GOLD I and ≥II. There was no difference in the type and number of respiratory symptoms between non-COPD and COPD patients. Most of the clinics did not have access to a trained healthcare professional to accomplish spirometry. They agreed that giving access to a trained healthcare professional was the easiest and most reliable way of doing spirometry. Conclusion . Spirometry, a simple test, is recommended in guidelines to make the diagnosis of COPD. The lack of allocated time and training of healthcare professionals makes its implementation challenging in family medicine practices.
Experimenter Effects on Pain Reporting in Women Vary across the Menstrual Cycle

Background . Separate lines of research have shown that menstrual cycling and contextual factors such as the gender of research personnel influence experimental pain reporting. Objectives . This study examines how brief, procedural interactions with female and male experimenters can affect experimentally reported pain (cold pressor task, CPT) across the menstrual cycle. Methods . Based on the menstrual calendars 94 naturally cycling women and 38 women using hormonal contraceptives (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>age</mml:mtext></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>19.83,</mml:mn></mml:math> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mtext>SD</mml:mtext><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>3.09</mml:mn></mml:math>) were assigned to low and high fertility groups. This assignment was based on estimates of their probability of conception given their current cycle day. Experimenters (12 males, 7 females) engaged in minimal procedural interactions with participants before the CPT was performed in solitude. Results . Naturally cycling women in the high fertility group showed significantly higher pain tolerance (81 sec,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>.79</mml:mn></mml:math>) following interactions with a male but not a female experimenter. Differences were not found for women in the low fertility or contraceptive groups. Discussion . The findings illustrate that menstrual functioning moderates the effect that experimenter gender has on pain reporting in women. Conclusion . These findings have implications for standardizing pain measurement protocols and understanding how basic biopsychosocial mechanisms (e.g., person-perception systems) can modulate pain experiences.