SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Coupling simulation and model checking to examine selected mechanical constraints of automated production systems

Modeling complex mechatronic systems containing parts such as mechanics, electronics and software is a major challenge for the engineering of automation production systems. As a result, many modeling languages as well as tools (e.g. petri nets or MATLAB/Simulink) and verification approaches (e.g. testing, simulation or formal verification) that focus on special challenges to model the mechatronic system correctly have already been developed. However, a holistic approach combining the strengths of the individual approaches adapted for the engineering of automation production systems has not yet been developed. In this paper we consider the combination of simulation with MATLAB/Simulink and a discrete event simulation model allowing model checking of specific constraints. Hence, the strengths of both approaches' formal verification, i.e. to identify not only faults but also correctness of a system, and simulation, i.e. showing the exact time behavior of the system, can be combined. A key challenge of our approach is to identify an appropriate level of abstraction of both models. The evaluation of the presented approach is introduced by modeling the throughput of a simple automation production system.
Hot carrier degradation mechanism interpretation by lateral distribution of interface and bulk trap density

Abstract We investigated the drain avalanche hot carrier effect (DAHC) of p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor of 0.14 μm channel length (PMOSFET) with SiON gate dielectric. Using three different stress conditions of substrate maximum current, the changes to threshold voltage, maximum transconductance, saturation current and channel leakage current was monitored. Concurrently, the lateral distribution of interface trap density ( N it ) and bulk trapped charge density ( N ot ) with stress time has been extracted along the 70 nm half channels from gate edge to drain junction, which is the first endeavor in describing charge traps along sub 100 nm short channels. The degradation of the PMOSFET was described by combining electrical property with N it and N ot profiles. Hot electron punch through (HEIP) effect was evidenced by negative Not distribution near the drain junction while more severe hot carrier degradation was successfully demonstrated by the empirical power law dependence of the electrical parameters N it and N ot . We have studied the evolution of degradation behavior along highly scaled tens of nanometer channel, and N it and N ot profile offers systematic study and interpretation of degradation mechanism of hot carrier effect in MOSFET devices.
Finite Element Calculation about Stress Concentration Coefficient of Welded Butt Joints Based on the ABAQUS

Stress concentration coefficient of welded joints has a crucial influence on mechanical properties of welded structures. Geometrical parameters of welded joints seriously affect the stress concentration coefficient. In order to increase the mechanical properties and using safety of welded structures, it has great significance for reducing stress concentration coefficient and improving the mechanical properties of welded structures by researching and improving the geometry of welded joints . In this paper, the effect of weld toe inclination angle θ and weld edge transition arc radius r on the stress concentration coefficient of welded butt joints were analyzed by using ABAQUS finite element program, and the change rule of stress concentration coefficient with the variation of the two parameters was also researched. The calculation results indicate that reducing weld toe inclination angle or increasing transition arc radius can effectively decrease the stress concentration coefficient of welded butt joints, so as to improve the mechanical properties of welded structures. For the safe use of welded structures, the true weld edge transition arc radius r should be greater than 3mm, and weld toe inclination angle θ should be smaller than 30°.
Intracellular Na+ concentration influences short-term plasticity of glutamate transporter-mediated currents in neocortical astrocytes

Fast synaptic transmission requires a rapid clearance of the released neurotransmitter from the extracellular space. Glial glutamate transporters (excitatory amino acid transporters, EAATs) strongly contribute to glutamate removal. In this work, we investigated the paired-pulse plasticity of synaptically activated, glutamate transporter-mediated currents (STCs) in cortical layer 2/3 astrocytes. STCs were elicited by local electrical stimulation in layer 4 in the presence of ionotropic glutamate (AMPA and NMDA), GABAA, and GABAB receptor antagonists. In experiments with low [Na(+)]i (5 mM) intrapipette solution, STCs elicited by paired-pulse stimulation demonstrated paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) at short (<250 ms) interstimulus intervals (ISIs) and paired-pulse depression at longer ISIs. In experiments with close to physiological, high [Na(+)]i (20 mM) intrapipette solution, PPF of STCs at short ISIs was significantly reduced. In addition, the STC kinetics was slowed in the presence of high [Na(+)]i. Exogenous GABA increased astrocytic [Na(+)]i, reduced the mean STC amplitude, decreased PPF at short ISIs, and slowed STC kinetics. All GABA-induced changes were blocked by NO-711 and SNAP-5114, GABA transporter (GATs) antagonists. In experiments with the low intrapipette solution, GAT blockade under control conditions decreased PPF at short ISIs both at room and at near physiological temperatures. Dialysis of single astrocyte with low [Na(+)]i solution increased the amplitude and reduced PPR of evoked field potentials recorded in the vicinity of the astrocyte. We conclude that (1) endogenous GABA via GATs may influence EAAT functioning and (2) astrocytic [Na(+)]i modulates the short-term plasticity of STCs and in turn the efficacy of glutamate removal.
SECURITY DEVICE FOR MOBILE RETAIL CART

A security device (10) is provided for a mobile retail cart (12) having a lockable compartment (16) for storing goods to be sold. The security device comprises an electronic lock unit for securing a closure (14) of the compartment, the electronic lock unit including means (21) for reading an electronic key device and means (23) for locking and unlocking the closure in response thereto. A memory records data read from the electronic key device and information relating to the locking and/or unlocking of the compartment. The security device is suitable for use as an airline security device for a retail cart for storing goods to be sold on board an aircraft.
Aging: progressive decline in fitness due to the rising deleteriome adjusted by genetic, environmental, and stochastic processes

Different theories posit that aging is caused by molecular damage, genetic programs, continued development, hyperfunction, antagonistic pleiotropy alleles, mutations, trade-offs, incomplete repair, etc. Here, I discuss that these ideas can be conceptually unified as they capture particular facets of aging, while being incomplete. Their respective deleterious effects impact fitness at different levels of biological organization, adjusting progression through aging, rather than causing it. Living is associated with a myriad of deleterious processes, both random and deterministic, which are caused by imperfectness, exhibit cumulative properties, and represent the indirect effects of biological functions at all levels, from simple molecules to systems. From this, I derive the deleteriome, which encompasses cumulative deleterious age-related changes and represents the biological age. The organismal deleteriome consists of the deleteriomes of cells, organs, and systems, which change along roughly synchronized trajectories and may be assessed through biomarkers of aging. Aging is then a progressive decline in fitness due to the increasing deleteriome, adjusted by genetic, environmental, and stochastic processes. This model allows integration of diverse aging concepts, provides insights into the nature of aging, and suggests how lifespan may be adjusted during evolution and in experimental models.
A collaborative monitoring mechanism for making a multitenant platform accountable

Multitenancy becomes common as an increasing amount of applications runs in clouds, however, the certainty of running applications in a fully controlled administrative domain is lost in the move. How to ensure that the data and business logic are handled faithfully becomes an issue. We propose to maintain a state machine outside of a multitenant platform to make the platform accountable in this paper. We give a mechanism to support accountability for a multitenant database with a centralized external service. We also describe how to implement a decentralized virtual accountability service via collaborative monitoring. Finally, we discuss the characteristics of the mechanism through experiments in Amazon EC2.
Implement an innovative resin processing technology to achieve anti-electrostic properties.

The aim of the project is to implement innovative technology for modification of polyester or vinyl ester resins, structural and gelcot, in order to achieve anti-electogenic properties. As a result of the project, an innovative technology will be implemented to produce resin with properties not yet available on the market. Thanks to our technology, the resin will gain excellent anti-electrostic properties, conductive current and mechanical properties. The resulting product will constitute an excellent substrate as the basis for laminate production.
KECK/NIRC2 IMAGING OF THE WARPED, ASYMMETRIC DEBRIS DISK AROUND HD 32297

We present Keck/NIRC2 $K_{s}$ band high-contrast coronagraphic imaging of the luminous debris disk around the nearby, young A star HD 32297 resolved at a projected separation of $r$ = 0.3-2.5\arcsec{} ($\approx$ 35-280 AU). The disk is highly warped to the north and exhibits a complex, "wavy" surface brightness profile interior to $r$ $\approx$ 110 AU, where the peaks/plateaus in the profiles are shifted between the NE and SW disk lobes. The SW side of the disk is 50--100% brighter at $r$ = 35-80 AU, and the location of its peak brightness roughly coincides with the disk's mm emission peak. Spectral energy distribution modeling suggests that HD 32297 has at least two dust populations that may originate from two separate belts likely at different locations, possibly at distances coinciding with the surface brightness peaks. A disk model for a single dust belt including a phase function with two components and a 5-10 AU pericenter offset explains the disk's warped structure and reproduces some of the surface brightness profile's shape (e.g. the overall "wavy" profile, the SB peak/plateau shifts) but more poorly reproduces the disk's brightness asymmetry. Although there may be alternate explanations, agreement between the SW disk brightness peak and disk's peak mm emission is consistent with an overdensity of very small, sub-blowout-sized dust and large, 0.1-1 mm-sized grains at $\approx$ 45 AU tracing the same parent population of planetesimals. New near-IR and submm observations may be able to clarify whether even more complex grain scattering properties or dynamical sculpting by an unseen planet are required to explain HD 32297's disk structure.
Income Inequality Influences Perceptions of Legitimate Income Differences

This article argues that public opinion regarding the legitimacy of income differences is influenced by actual income inequality. When income differences are perceived to be high, the public thinks of larger income inequality as legitimate. The phenomenon is explained by the system justification motivation and other psychological processes that favor existing social arrangements. Three experiments show that personal experiences of inequality as well as information regarding national-level income inequality can affect which income differences are thought of as legitimate. A fourth experiment shows that the system justification motivation is a cause of this effect. These results can provide an empirical basis for future studies to assume that the public reacts to inequality with adapted expectations, not increased demands for redistribution.
Photonics enhanced fab labs supporting the next revolution in digitalization

PHABLABS 4.0 aims to integrate photonics in a durable way into the rapidly expanding ecosystem of European Fab Labs and Makerslabs, resulting in a larger and better skilled photonics workforce with superior innovation capacity to achieve a lasting, positive impact on the next revolution in digitization. Combining the forces of top experts from 13 European photonics institutes and STEM-oriented organizations with the Fab Lab stakeholders, PHABLABS 4.0 will devise and deliver a comprehensive suite of 33 Photonics Workshops, 11 Photonics Challenger projects and Photonics Toolkits to enhance Fab Labs and Makerslab with photonics activities aimed at 3 specific target groups: young minds (age 10-14), students (age 15-18) and young professionals and technicians (age 18+). These activities will be extensively tested in 14 existing Fab Labs with the purpose of rolling them out to the entire growing network of European Fab Labs as a proven model at the end of the project.  They will stimulate hands-on design, fabrication, experiments, and the building of innovative systems with photonics, and in this way nurture the 21st Century skills of the participants. 
In that sense the PHABLABS 4.0 project will harness the power of the growing innovation ecosystem of the Fab Labs and equip it with sufficient material to really engage, excite and educate youngsters, students, technicians and young professionals alike in the skills of working and innovating with light. The ultimate impact of PHABLABS 4.0 will be seen in the emergence of a much larger and better trained workforce with 21st Century skills capable of translating the potential of photonics as a key enabling technology into tangible products for the benefit of society.
ENhancing Socio-Ecological RESilience in Mediterranean coastal areas

The cumulative impacts of overexploitation, population, governance and climate change exerted pressures on Mediterranean coastal and marine areas are leading to undermine biodiversity, ecosystem integrity and threatening the Mediterranean lifestyle. To ensure sustainability, and at the same time, increased blue economy plans demands to protect vulnerable areas and the local economy, the use of ecosystem-based management (EBM) approaches is becoming crucial to address such impacts based on strengthening social and ecological resilience. The heart of the solution would be to set transformative governance mechanisms, building capacities, ensuring sustainable financial and community engagement for bringing improvements to people’s lives and nature. To deal with these global challenges and support the implementation of transformative changes in the Mediterranean region, ENSERES capitalizes on existing transferable models and tools to promote the application of integrated governance and management approaches across administrative boundaries, and sustainable financing instruments across scales and users.
Mechanisms of natural auto immunity triggered by plant nlr immune receptors

Resistance (R) loci with nucleotide binding/leucine rich repeat (NB-LRR or NLR) domains have been identified as the major causal genes for hybrid necrosis, which presents an extreme example of the trade-off between plant growth and the activation of immune system. This is an exciting finding both for plant breeders and plant pathologists. However, how these NLR proteins or even the whole NLR family lead to hybrid necrosis, how they contribute to fitness under natural conditions, and how this is reflected in their extreme sequence variation remain largely unknown. In this proposal, I plan to exhaustively explore their function by systematically knocking out the NLR loci from genome of different Arabidopsis accessions using genome editing, and testing their fitness performance in the natural habitat. I will also reveal the cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which NLR proteins inappropriately interact with other cellular proteins to cause hybrid necrosis and compare the hybrid necrosis activity with pathogen induced immunity.
Reverse modeling and solid free-form fabrication of sternum implant

The paper presents a case where an implant for a part of the sternum (with costal cartilages) affected by cancer was created and implanted by using the specific reverse modeling method and solid free-form fabrication. The method provides surgeons with a fast and reliable tool for tissue engineering and implantation and therefore improves the quality of life for patients. Digital images of healthy sternum samples were used to develop a reverse modeling algorithm that semi-automatically generates a necessary and sufficient simplification of the tissue geometry to be fabricated in an inexpensive and applicable manner. In this particular case, the redesign of the missing part of the sternum in CAD software took three designer-hours. At the same time, the suitable simplification of the geometry affects the fabrication of simpler and less expensive casting molds. Furthermore, the core of the developed algorithm for the reverse modeling of sternum can be applied in the reverse modeling improvement of other tile (or plate-like) bones.
Evaluating the sensitization potential of surfactants: Integrating data from the local lymph node assay, guinea pig maximization test, and in vitro methods in a weight-of-evidence approach

An integral part of hazard and safety assessments is the estimation of a chemical's potential to cause skin sensitization. Currently, only animal tests (OECD 406 and 429) are accepted in a regulatory context. Nonanimal test methods are being developed and formally validated. In order to gain more insight into the responses induced by eight exemplary surfactants, a battery of in vivo and in vitro tests were conducted using the same batch of chemicals. In general, the surfactants were negative in the GPMT, KeratinoSens and hCLAT assays and none formed covalent adducts with test peptides. In contrast, all but one was positive in the LLNA. Most were rated as being irritants by the EpiSkin assay with the additional endpoint, IL1-alpha. The weight of evidence based on this comprehensive testing indicates that, with one exception, they are non-sensitizing skin irritants, confirming that the LLNA tends to overestimate the sensitization potential of surfactants. As results obtained from LLNAs are considered as the gold standard for the development of new nonanimal alternative test methods, results such as these highlight the necessity to carefully evaluate the applicability domains of test methods in order to develop reliable nonanimal alternative testing strategies for sensitization testing.
SYNTHESIS OF STEROIDS AND INTERMEDIATES THEROF

Total synthesis of steroids with substitution in the 2,3, 6, 11 or 17 positions comprising the step of cyclization of a compound having the formula
  or analogues thereof where X represents
   Y represents =0, β-orientated
  β-orientated OH, R'and R 2  may be the same or different and R' represents alkyl or aryl and R 2  represents alkyl and Z represents ether or hindered ester to form the novel compounds
Systematic test of time-triggered communication architectures using a component-based approach

Since several years the automotive industry strives for dealing with the fast growing system complexity, the increasing safety requirements and the increasing cost constraints of electronic components. In this work, we focus on two approaches: the time-triggered architecture which precisely specifies the system and its components both in the value and in the time domain, and component-based development which provides a framework for describing the system structure in a formalized way. We discuss in this paper the relationships between these two concepts and review methods for performing analysis and validation on top of component-based development frameworks. This combination is illustrated by a method for layered test and diagnosis for FlexRay communication architectures.
Clustering Algorithm of Quantum Self-Organization Network

To enhance the clustering ability of self-organization network, this paper introduces a quantum inspired self-organization clustering algorithm. First, the clustering samples and the weight values in the competitive layer are mapped to the qubits on the Bloch sphere, and then, the winning node is obtained by computing the spherical distance between sample and weight value. Finally, the weight values of the winning nodes and its neighborhood are updated by rotating them to the sample on the Bloch sphere until the convergence. The clustering results of IRIS sample show that the proposed approach is obviously superior to the classical self-organization network and the K-mean clustering algorithm.
Picturing the Past: Gender inNational GeographicReconstructions of Prehistoric Life

Abstract Artistic reconstructions of ancient life are powerful blends of archaeological interpretation and imagination. Like other narratives about the past, they can project contemporary gender roles and relations on ancient peoples, and can reinforce or transform ideas about gender in the present. This article examines the construction of gender ideologies in National Geographic illustrations of prehistoric life. Our analysis of 204 pictorial reconstructions from 1936 to 2007 reveals that women and women’s work are significantly underrepresented and undervalued, while exhibiting evidence of temporal change in response to societal factors and editorial influences. A vigorous archaeology of gender has had little impact on the magazine’s imagined past; in some respects, the ancient women depicted in the last twenty years are just as scarce, passive, and subordinate as they were in the postwar “backlash” of the 1950s.
DEVELOPMENT AND METHOD VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF CEFOPERAZONE AND TAZOBACTAM IN MARKETED FORMULATION

Objective: A new precise, accurate, sensitive and robust RP-HPLC method was developed for third generation cephalosporin and β lactamase inhibitor i.e. cefoperazone and tazobactam in marketed preparation. Methods: The Chromatographic separation was achieved on Thermo BDS Hypersil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm i.d.5 µm) at ambient temperature. A Binary mobile phase consisting of 0.02 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer, pH 4.0 and Methanol (80:20, v/v) was delivered through a column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Measurement was performed at a desired wavelength of 250 nm. Result: The method was linear over the concentration range of 20-60 µg/mL (r 2 = 0.9987) for cefoperazone (CEFO) and 2.5-7.5 µg/mL (r 2 = 0.9998) for tazobactam (TAZO). The percentage content for cefoperazone 97.64±1.0 and of tazobactam was 97.13±0.96 in the marketed formulation. The low value of % Relative Standard Deviation (%RSD) was 0.78 and 0.43 for CEFO and TAZO, respectively, indicates the reproducibility of this method. Tailing Factors for CEFO and TAZO were less than 2. A LOD and LOQ low value suggests the sensitiveness of method. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness as per ICH guideline. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that the proposed RP-HPLC method was found to be simple, accurate, robust and precise for the analysis of cefoperazone and tazobactam in bulk and sterile dried injection dosage forms. This method was validated as per ICH guidelines. Thus, it can be used for routine quality control studies for assay of cefoperazone and tazobactam simultaneously.