SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Coda: next generation of industrial aerodynamic simulation code

NextSim partners, as fundamental European players in Aeronautics and Simulation, recognise that there is a need to increase the capabilities of current Computational Fluid Dynamics tools for aeronautical design by re-engineering them for extreme-scale parallel computing platforms. The backbone of NextSim is centred on the fact that, today, the capabilities of leading-edge emerging HPC architectures are not fully exploited by industrial simulation tools. Current state-of-the-art industrial solvers do not take sufficient advantage of the immense capabilities of new hardware architectures, such as streaming processors or many-core platforms. A combined research effort focusing on algorithms and HPC is the only way to make possible to develop and advance simulation tools to meet the needs of the European aeronautical industry. NextSim will focus on the development of the numerical flow solver CODA (Finite Volume and high-order discontinuous Galerkin schemes), that will be the new reference solver for aerodynamic applications inside AIRBUS group, having a significant impact in the aeronautical market.  To demonstrate NextSim market impact, AIRBUS has defined a series of market relevant problems. The numerical simulation of those problems is still a challenge for the aeronautical industry and their solution, at a required accuracy and an affordable computational costs, is still not possible with the current industrial solvers. Following this idea, three additional working areas are proposed in NextSim: algorithms for numerical efficiency, algorithms for data management and the efficiency implementation of those algorithms in the most advanced HPC platforms. Finally, NextSim will provide access to project results trough the “mini-apps” concept, small pieces of software, seeking synergies with open-source components, which demonstrate the use of the novel mathematical methods and algorithms developed in CODA but that will be freely distributed to the scientific community.
Astrochemistry of old stars: direct probing of unique chemical laboratories

The gas and dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) drive the chemical evolution of galaxies, the formation of stars and planets, and the synthesis of complex prebiotic molecules. The prime birth places for this interstellar material are the winds of evolved (super)giant stars. These winds are unique chemical laboratories, in which a large variety of gas and dust species radially expand away from the star.
Recent progress on the observations of these winds has been impressive thanks to Herschel and ALMA. The next challenge is to unravel the wealth of chemical information contained in these data. This is an ambitious task since (1) a plethora of physical and chemical processes interact in a complex way, (2) laboratory data to interpret these interactions are lacking, and (3) theoretical tools to analyse the data do not meet current needs.
To boost the knowledge of the physics and chemistry characterizing these winds, I propose a world-leading multi-disciplinary project combining (1) high-quality data, (2) novel theoretical wind models, and (3) targeted laboratory experiments. The aim is to pinpoint the dominant chemical pathways, unravel the transition from gas-phase to dust species, elucidate the role of clumps on the overall wind structure, and study the reciprocal effect between various dynamical and chemical phenomena. 
Now is the right time for this ambitious project thanks to the availability of (1) high-quality multi-wavelength data, including ALMA and Herschel data of the PI, (2) supercomputers enabling a homogeneous analysis of the data using sophisticated theoretical wind models, and (3) novel laboratory equipment to measure the gas-phase reaction rates of key species.
This project will have far-reaching impact on (1) the field of evolved stars, (2) the understanding of the chemical lifecycle of the ISM, (3) chemical studies of dynamically more complex systems, such as exoplanets, protostars, supernovae etc., and (4) it will guide new instrument development.
Social capital at schoolInvestigating the Differences in Access to and Effects of Friends’ Social Capital on Grades between Pupils of Dutch Origin and Immigrant Pupils

This study deals with the differences between pupils of Dutch origin and second generation immigrants in both the access to and effects of social capital on grades. It is examined whether friends’ social capital mediates the effect of immigrant status on grades and whether immigrant status moderates the effect of friends’ social capital on grades. Using two waves of the “Networks and actor attributes in early adolescence [2003/2004]” data set, there can be concluded that immigrant pupils receive lower grades than pupils of Dutch origin. However, no evidence can be found that this is due to differences in access to social capital. Immigrant pupils were found to benefit more from some resources of friends’ social capital than pupils of Dutch origin. However, for other resources the effect was found to be more negative for immigrant pupils than for pupils of
Learning to remember: the development of the neural mechanisms supporting memory processing.

The ability to form and store memories allows organisms to learn from the past and imagine the future: it is a crucial mechanism underlying flexible and adaptive behaviour. The aim of this proposal is to identify the circuit mechanisms underlying our ability to learn and remember, by tracking the ontogenesis of memory processing. Importantly, we are not born with a fully functioning memory system: generally, adults cannot recollect any events from before their third birthday (‘infantile amnesia’). There are several accounts as to the source of this mnemonic deficit, each placing emphasis on impairments of specific processes (encoding, consolidation, retrieval). However, a general weakness in the study of memory ontogeny is the lack of neural data describing the activity of memory-related circuits during development. To directly address this knowledge gap, we propose to study the ontogeny of brain-wide hippocampus-centred memory networks in the rat. We will study to which extent memory expression relies on spatial signalling, delineate the role of sleep in memory consolidation, determine how hippocampal planning-related neuronal activity influences memory processing, understand whether the rapid forgetting observed in development is due to interference, and explore interactions between the hippocampus, pre-frontal and striatal circuits in orchestrating memory emergence. We are best placed to deliver this ambitious experimental plan due to our extensive experience of in vivo recording in developing rats which we will couple with the application of recently emerged technologies (2-photon imaging, high density electrophysiology, chemogenetic manipulation of neural activity). As our studies of the development of hippocampal spatial representations have delivered powerful insights into their adult function, we expect the work outlined here to critically advance our understanding not only of development, but also of healthy memory processing in adulthood.
(No) more design patterns for multi-agent systems

A multi-agent systems (MAS) can be used to solve several problems that permeate current complex software systems design, specially distributed systems. The MAS research community has extensively studied protocols, algorithms, methodologies, and architectures to create autonomous, adaptable, robust, and scalable systems. Despite the MAS research achievements, mainstream software developers do not leverage from this knowledge.Design patterns provide a simple, although effective, mechanism to disseminate knowledge about well proven solutions for recurrent software design problems. The widespread acceptance, by the software development industry, of design patterns shows their effectiveness.Some researchers attempted to identify MAS design patterns, what is a first step towards broader acceptance of MAS solutions. However, we believe that the MAS research community needs to embrace the identification of MAS design patterns in order to spread MAS solutions to the software industry.
Investigating the interactions between civil wars and migration.

Poor countries are often plagued by civil wars. They are also, in many cases, emigration countries. Anybody interested in the development of such countries must understand to what extent these phenomena are interrelated, and how they interplay with each other. If it is pretty clear that civil wars push people to leave the country, it remains understudied how diasporas play a role in the emergence and evolution of violent conflicts.

Indeed, the interactions between diasporas and conflict have roughly been overlooked by the economic literature to date, in spite of the very suggestive pieces of evidence provided by related research fields and of the very important policy questions that it raises – in particular, how to optimize the contribution of diasporas to peaceful development. Based on case studies such as those of Erytrea or of Sri Lanka, the literature in history and political science underlines diverse mechanisms through which diasporas have intervened in the evolution of violence in their home country, either as peace-builders or as peace-wreckers. On the other hand, in these case studies, the evolution of civil wars also appears to have been determinant of emigration and return migration patterns and, eventually, of the nature of diasporas’ involvement in the political situation in the homeland.

This project will investigate the joint dynamics of civil conflicts and migration in developing countries. It will first build a theoretical framework to characterize how diasporas and civil wars interact together, accounting for the endogeneity of both migration and violence. The theoretical predictions derived from this framework will then be empirically tested, relying on recent and original data. Through a multi-disciplinary perspective, nourished by the findings of the qualitative research and relying on economic tools – both theoretical and empirical – this project will allow to build the first comprehensive investigation of the diasporas – conflict nexus.
Multiproxy isotope constraints on ocean compositional changes across the late Neoproterozoic Ghaub glaciation, Otavi Group, Namibia

Abstract Chromium isotopes are powerful in recording redox fluctuations in marine environments, potentially tracing past atmospheric oxygenation and continental weathering. We present δ 53 Cr signals with 87 Sr/ 86 Sr, δ 13 C and δ 18 O, and element abundances in carbonates of two shallow marine successions of the Otavi Group, Namibia, stretching over four stages from preglacial setting to retreat of the late Neoproterozoic Ghaub glaciation (∼635 Ma). The fluctuating but generally heavy δ 53 Cr signals indicate oxygenated shallow seawater prior to the glaciation (stage 1). Sustained high δ 13 C carb signatures at that time suggest organic matter formed a greater proportion of buried carbon, which implies a net increase in oxidant flux to the surface. The δ 18 O signals fluctuate, with a tendency towards lighter values approaching the Ghaub Fm. Correlating δ 53 Cr and δ 13 C carb values indicate disruptions affecting the carbon cycle and oxygen availability (stage 2). Prior to the Ghaub diamictite, a sequence of 87 Sr/ 86 Sr in the range typical of late Neoproterozoic seawater occurs with high Sr concentrations, low Mn/Sr and low Mg/Ca. Enhanced detrital input after the Ghaub glaciation (stage 3) indicates elevated weathering rates likely accompanied by enhanced nutrient influx. The δ 53 Cr–δ 13 C carb patterns are resolved in a two-step recovery towards the late glacial aftermath (stage 4), which is characterized by values similar to those of the early preglacial interval. There, a sequence of postglacial limestones also records typical late Neoproterozoic seawater 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios. The carbonate δ 53 Cr signatures at the base of the postglacial sequence are characterized by values even below the range of bulk silicate Earth (BSE). We hypothesize that this is due to (i) redox cycling of Cr in seawater, e.g. by (partial) reduction of Cr(VI) during microbial-mediated cap dolostone deposition and/or at the redox boundary of redox-stratified seawater and/or due to (ii) increased contribution of negatively fractionated Cr associated with an enhanced input of detrital-derived Cr from postglacial weathering and/or subaqueous hydrothermal influx. Previously it was demonstrated that carbonate δ 53 Cr signatures trace changes in continental weathering and provide valuable indication of fluctuating seawater redox conditions prior to and after one of the major syn-Marinoan glaciations. Furthermore, changes in δ 53 Cr values might scale with shifts in bioproductivity.
Innovative Rural Development Strategy Based On Local And Trans-National Economical Networks

The main objective is “promotion of structural change” and restrugturing employment through the diversification of rural economy based on the setting up of local and transnational Multifunctional Economic Networks. "MEN" stands for integration between rural enterprises and villages belonging to different economic sectors of a homogeneous rural area set up to overcome the structural difficulties (size, crop specialisation, etc.) every single enterprise faces in starting employment related multifunctional and development processes. It concerns development models easy to recreate and to transfer in the whole CADSES area through a network among the different local rural areas. The project structure is made up of 4 WP: WP 1- Study of IRENE Model economic feasibility. WP 2- Design of local and transnational economic networks development and promotion service. WP 3- Pilot project: Rural development strategyimplementation in every pilot area. WP 4- Model adjustment and validation.
Evidence‐based administration for decision making in the framework of knowledge strategic management

Purpose – This paper seeks to present a model based on evidence‐based administration (EBA), which aims to facilitate the creation, transformation and diffusion of knowledge in learning organizations.Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is proposed based on EBA and the case method. Accordingly, an empirical study was carried out in two organizations to illustrate the value of the framework.Findings – Results show the goodness of this framework applied to learning organizations, both at the individual and the group scale.Research limitations/implications – The present study provides a basis for further research in the joint application of EBA and the case method.Originality/value – A new field of future research is open, applying learning from the medicine field, which has theoretically been suggested in managerial science. Managerial implications are also very important.
BED BUG TRAP AND MONITOR

A trapping device and method for capturing and monitoring the existence and behavior of crawling insects, such as bed bugs, is provided. The trapping device has a textured two-dimensional surface with one or more triangular entrance areas, where one of the triangular sections functions as a base, one or more wing sections, connected to either one the base or to another wing section by a neck; and a collecting area connected to one or more wing sections by a bridge. The trapping device can further include a support structure, and can be enclosed in a case with one or more entrances. The trapping device can also comprise a catching area that can optionally include an adhesive for immobilizing the insects.
The Globalisation of Inflation: the Growing Importance of Global Value Chains

Greater international economic interconnectedness over recent decades has been changing inflation dynamics. This paper presents evidence that the expansion of global value chains (GVCs), ie cross-border trade in intermediate goods and services, is an important channel through which global economic slack influences domestic inflation. In particular, we document the extent to which the growth in GVCs explains the established empirical correlation between global economic slack and national inflation rates, both across countries and over time. Accounting for the role of GVCs, we also find that the conventional trade-based measures of openness used in previous studies are poor proxies for this transmission channel. The results support the hypothesis that as GVCs expand, direct and indirect competition among economies increases, making domestic inflation more sensitive to the global output gap. This can affect the trade-offs that central banks face when managing inflation.
Does thread design influence relative bone-to-implant contact rate of palatal implants?

To determine histologically whether (a) changing the thread design between first- and second-generation palatal implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) influences the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) rate of palatal implants subjected to conventional loading, and (b) whether histological evidence of peri-implantitis appears in this setting.Patients who had received an orthodontic palatal implant for skeletal anchorage between January 1998 and December 2007 were examined. First-generation palatal implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) 3.3 mm in diameter and 6 mm or 4 mm long were used, as were second-generation implants 4.1 mm in diameter and 4.2 mm long. After completion of active orthodontic treatment, the implants were removed and prepared for histological investigation. This study was designed as a comparative analysis of a series of two cases: 28 explanted first-generation (n = 14) and second-generation (n = 14) palatal implants were analyzed.Bone healing was achieved with all implants. Both types of implants revealed a mean bone-to-implant contact (BIC) rate that was nearly equal: 80.7% (SD 10.7%) for the first-generation and 81% (SD 13.1%) for the second-generation implants. Bone resorption was only observed in 5 palatal implants (3/14 of the first, and 2/14 of the second generation).Despite differing thread designs, second-generation palatal implants revealed similar bone-to-implant contact rates as did those of the first generation. Few patients presented bone resorption in the peri-implant bone.
Molecular and morphological identification of the alfalfa weevil larval parasitoids Bathyplectes anura and Bathyplectes curculionis to estimate the rate of parasitism

Abstract The alfalfa weevil ( Hypera postica Gyllenhal, Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major pest of alfalfa crops. Chemical control measures are inefficient, but the larvae are often infested by parasitoid wasps of the genus Bathyplectes Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), which offer a potential biological control strategy. The development of effective biological control requires the identification of parasitoid species, but conventional methods involve the rearing of parasitoids to the puparium stage for morphological confirmation. Here we designed a PCR method in which two pairs of primers are used to detect and identify Bathyplectes curculionis Thomson and Bathyplectes anura Thomson larvae in a faster way. We compared conventional rearing to the new method as a means to determine the parasitism rates caused by each species in Spain during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. In 2019, the PCR method detected five times as many B. curculionis events and twice as many B. anura events. Similarly, in 2020, the PCR method detected seven times as many B. curculionis events and twice as many B. anura events. High mortality of H. postica larvae was recorded in 2020 due to an epizootic attack by the fungus Zoophthora phytonomi Arthur (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales), explaining the lower overall rate of parasitism and the widespread death of the larvae. Statistical analysis confirmed that the PCR method is more sensitive than conventional rearing for the detection of target parasitoids. However, only rearing can confirm the effective parasitism or the presence of unexpected species. We therefore recommend the use of both methods in parallel when evaluating host–parasitoid systems.
Concave pulse shaping of a circularly polarized laser pulse from non-uniform overdense plasmas

Abstract Pulse shaping of circularly polarized laser pulses in nonuniform overdense plasmas are investigated numerically. Specifically we show by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations the generation of a concave pulse front of a circularly polarized, a few tens of petawatt laser pulse from a density-tapered, overdense plasma slab. The concept used for the transverse-directional shaping is the differential transmittance depending on the plasma density, and the laser intensity. For suitable selection of the slab parameters for the concave pulse shaping, we studied numerically the pulse transmittance, which can be used for further parameter design of the pulse shaping. The concavely shaped circularly polarized pulse is expected to add more freedom in controlling the ion-beam characteristics in the RPDA regime.
Des impacts sanitaires du changement climatique déjà bien visibles : l’exemple des canicules

Le changement climatique, la perte de la biodiversité et l’altération globale de l’environnement détériorent la santé des populations. Plus particulièrement, l’augmentation des périodes marquées par des températures élevées et leur persistance pourraient constituer un risque majeur pour une large part de la population et limiter drastiquement l’activité humaine. Pourtant, les vagues de chaleur sont sous-représentées dans les analyses des événements météorologiques extrêmes, en particulier dans les évaluations économiques. Ce manque d’études, associé à la faible perception par la population du risque lié à la chaleur, limite la mise en place de mesures d’adaptation, alors que les effets des canicules sont en grande partie évitables. Cet article présente l’évolution de l’impact économique global des effets sanitaires des vagues de chaleur observées en France entre 1974 et 2020.
AUTOMATIC MATCHING METHOD, COMPUTER-READABLE STORAGE MEDIUM, AUTOMATIC MATCHING UNIT, AND PLASMA PROCESSING APPARATUS

A controller 90 of an automatic matching unit includes a first and a second matching control unit 100, 102 for respectively variably controlling the electrostatic capacitances of a first and a second variable capacitors 80, 82 through a first and a second stepping motor 86, 88 such that a measured absolute value ZMm and a measured phase Zθm of a load impedance obtained by an impedance measuring unit 84 become close to a predetermined reference absolute value ZMs and a predetermined reference phase Zθs, respectively; and a gain control unit 112. The gain control unit 112 variably controls a proportional gain of at lease one of the first and the second matching unit based on current electrostatic capacitances NC1 and NC2 of the first and the second variable capacitors 80, 82 obtained by a first and a second electrostatic capacitance monitoring unit 108, 110, respectively.