SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Misfires and market innovation: toward a collaborative turn in organising markets

MISFIRES opens up new theoretical and empirical horizons for analysing and innovating ‘concerned markets’, where multiple actors’ interests, values and concerns clash. It asks how actors can engage with a market’s failures to challenge its organisation and make it more collaborative, more open to civic values and to social or political concerns. Concerned markets are contested by diverse actors with equally diverse perspectives and value measures. Evaluating such a market’s efficiency is as much of an illusion as redesigning its inner workings on a blackboard. We need new conceptual frameworks to understand how to innovate concerned markets from the inside to make them ‘better’ (as defined by concerned actors), and we urgently need empirical insights into how collaborative action in markets with such social and political stakes may translate into market change. MISFIRES relies on science and technology studies, pragmatic sociology and critical market studies to shift thinking around market organisation from failure and design to collaboration and experimentation. I devise an ethnographic and participatory inquiry to explore how a market’s failures can lead us to markets that are more attentive to and accommodating of the concerns they create. I choose three exemplary contested markets in healthcare (licensing of antiretroviral drugs, Hepatitis C pricing, and the sale of DNA information) and two emergent controversies to investigate the activities concerned actors undertake, and the instruments and devices they experiment with, to re-organise that market. MISFIRES will comprehensively map, engage in, and conceptualise this collaborative turn in organising markets. With this, MISFIRES will guide new academic and policy thinking by establishing how: 
1) concerned actors voice and mobilise around the notion that a market has ‘failed’ them;
2) concerned actors seek to negotiate and address market failures;
3) this process may lead to ‘better’ markets.
HIV-1 Thai B strain has spread out of former plasma donors into general population through sexual contact in Henan, China

Henan, China is characterized by the outbreak of HIV epidemic of Thai B strain in former plasma donors in 1990s. After the forbidden of paid blood donation, whether Thai B strain will spread out of former plasma donors into sexual transmitted population is unknown. To answer the question, phylogenetic analysis was used to explore relationships of HIV strains circulating in those two populations in the study. HIV-1 sero-positive drug-naïve patients infected through sexual contact were enrolled into the study. Full length gag and pol genes were amplified with nested RT-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The genotypes of anti-HIV drug resistance were also analyzed with available pol genes. HIV subtypes were determined in 249 individuals from 288 participants. Subtype B was dominant (202/249, 81.1%), followed by CRF01_AE (25/249, 10.0%), CRF07_BC (14/249, 5.6%), C (4/249, 1.6%), URF (3/249, 1.2%), and CRF08_BC (1/249, 0.4%). Most of subtype B strains belong to Thailand B lineage. All of Thai B strains identified in sexual transmitted population intermixed with those from former blood donors in phylogenetic tree, suggesting close phylogenetic relationship between strains epidemic in those two populations. TDR was identified in 9.9% individuals. Thai B strain has spread out of former blood donors in Henan province. The finding will contribute to understanding the distribution and evolution of HIV-1 in Henan province and also provide clue to behavior change intervention.
DEPLOYMENT OF EXPANDABLE GRAPHITE

A method of deploying an apparatus in a wellbore comprises positioning a device at a predetermined location; wherein the device comprises a composition that contains an expandable graphite, and a metallic binder, and wherein the composition has a first shape; and exposing the composition to a microwave energy to cause the composition to attain a second shape different from the first shape. Alternatively, the composition further comprises an activation material comprising a thermite, a mixture of Al and Ni, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing and a method of deploying an apparatus comprising such a composition includes exposing the composition to a selected form of energy.
Mobilisation and transformation of personal educational knowledge for teaching: an ethnographic account on teacher knowledge

How do teachers rely on their educational knowledge in order to teach? An experienced teacher knows how to manage even challenging classroom situations, and performs skilfully because educational knowledge corresponds with knowing, a practical mode of knowledge that enables comprehension of a situation and affiliated situated action. Research to date predominantly attends to educational knowledge by addressing singular elements of teaching. The project PEEK addresses educational knowledge in empirical analysis from an ethnographic micro-level perspective and attends to personal orientation patterns of teachers that support transfer between educational knowledge and teaching.

PEEK examines orientation patterns in which teachers frame their practice. Examination is informed by two conceptual frameworks: (1) Post-critical epistemology highlights that knowledge is used in distance to teaching to comprehend events, while knowing is used when a teacher is involved in teaching and manages these events. (2) Post-structuralist epistemology highlights transformations of knowing and knowledge that take place in technologies of the self. Both perspectives enable theoretical sensitivity for fieldwork.

Ethnographic fieldwork incorporates a multi-sited approach: (1) Videographies of classroom interaction document knowing in classroom interaction. (2) Narrative interviews with teachers document reflective knowledge in which teachers condense and detail lived experiences. (3) Stimulated recalls offer ex post rationalisation of actions. (4) Video diaries provide stories of formation that reflect technologies of the self.

Data analysis employs Documentary Method strategies and will result in an account on dimensions and characteristics of personal educational knowledge and how it is mobilised and transformed for teaching. This account contributes a grounded analysis to studies of personal educational knowledge, and provides the means to empower professional development of teachers.
MULTILAYERED MATERIAL HAVING PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES FOR PACKAGING PRODUCTS

The invention relates to laminated, heat-sealing multilayered materials for use as a packaging material with an anti-counterfeit function. The present multilayered material can consist either exclusively of polymer materials (1, 5) or of a combination of the latter with aluminium foil (3), a metallised film, or paper, wherein one of the materials is transparent and is connected to another with a liquid adhesive (4) to which a special colouring agent is added which gives the transparent material a specific hue.
METHOD TO FACILITATE THE PRINTING OF ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

Data regarding printing instructions for an active electronic component are provided (11). These printing instructions will typically comprise instructions regarding the location, geometry, size, orientation, and functional inks used for various component layers as correspond to the electronic component, and are without reference to a specific printing system. This data is then modified (12) as a function of one or more operational proclivities of a particular high throughput additive printing system to provide modified instructions that, when employed to effect the printing of the active electronic component, will improve the resultant yield as compared to the unmodified data.
Ontogenetic Change in the Temporal Region of the Early Permian Parareptile Delorhynchus cifellii and the Implications for Closure of the Temporal Fenestra in Amniotes

A juvenile specimen of Delorhynchus cifellii, collected from the Early Permian fissure-fill deposits of Richards Spur, Oklahoma, permits the first detailed study of cranial ontogeny in this parareptile. The specimen, consisting of a partially articulated skull and mandible, exhibits several features that identify it as juvenile. The dermal tuberosities that ornament the dorsal side and lateral edges of the largest skull of D. cifellii specimens, are less prominent in the intermediate sized holotype, and are absent in the new specimen. This indicates that the new specimen represents an earlier ontogenetic stage than all previously described members of this species. In addition, the incomplete interdigitation of the sutures, most notably along the fronto-nasal contact, plus the proportionally larger sizes of the orbit and temporal fenestrae further support an early ontogenetic stage for this specimen. Comparisons between this juvenile and previously described specimens reveal that the size and shape of the temporal fenestra in Delorhynchus appear to vary through ontogeny, due to changes in the shape and size of the bordering cranial elements. The jugal of the juvenile specimen is tri-radiate and similar in outline with those found in other amniotes with temporal fenestrae. The available growth series of D. cifellii shows that the jugal gradually becomes a more robust, tetra-radiate element, as the proportionate size of the temporal fenestra is reduced. Ontogenetic changes of other elements that form the border of the fenestra also contribute to its reduction. This growth series provides valuable new information regarding the ontogenetic trajectory of the temporal fenestra in a Palaeozoic reptile, which may be applicable to the evolutionary event of loss of temporal fenestration in other amniotes.
Blind Source Separation for Convolutive Audio Mixing

This paper describes an efficient Blind Source Separation of speech and music, speech and music which are considered as convolutive mixtures. The convolutive mixed signals consist of source signals and same amount of delay or echo of the same source signal. Convolutive BSS of stereo mixtures is the challenging task in the audio signal processing application.BSS is a technique for estimating original source signal from their mixtures of signals. The mixed signals were decomposed by 1D multilevel discrete wavelet decomposition. Decomposition levels are changed and the signals to noise ratio (SNR) are calulated.After that ICA has been performed and the sources are separated.
Bacteria-Mucin interactions – shaping intestinal epithelial responses in health and disease

The intestinal microbiota consists of beneficial commensal bacteria and pathobionts that cause inflammation. The intestinal mucus layer dictates how specific members of the microbiota affect health and disease. The mucus layer consists of soluble mucins and epithelial transmembrane (TM) mucins that regulate host responses. The molecular mechanisms as to how the intestinal microbiota affect the functions of TM mucins is largely unknown. My recent work shows that TM mucin MUC1 is a key receptor for Salmonella invasion into polarized epithelial cells. We also discovered that MUC13 is a central regulator of epithelial barrier formation. I hypothesize that bacteria-mucin interactions shape epithelial responses by stimulating healthy barrier formation, driving inflammation or mediating bacterial invasion. My aim is to unravel molecular mechanisms via which distinct bacterial species regulate the functions of TM mucins MUC1 and MUC13 in the intestine.   The key objectives of Bac2MUC are to: 1. Identify commensal and pathogenic bacteria that target TM mucins 2. Elucidate TM mucin signaling pathways activated by commensal and pathogenic bacteria 3. Determine the function of TM mucins during inflammation and invasion 4. Utilize bacteria-TM mucin interactions to unravel healthy epithelial barrier regulation  I will use an innovative large-scale screening platform to identify novel bacteria-mucin interactions. TM mucin signaling pathways during bacterial interaction will be characterized by sortase technology. Cutting-edge technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and advanced microscopy will be applied in established bacterial infection assays with intestinal cell lines and organoids.  Bac2MUC is an ambitious and ground-breaking project that will address, for the first time, the complex interplay between intestinal bacteria and TM mucins. This project will contribute to clinical strategies that prevent intestinal inflammation and improve mucosal barrier function.
The Economic Case for Education in Vietnam

Education is central to the development of human capital. Vietnam has made significant progress. This paper reviews existing research on the returns to education and makes the case for investment in schooling. In Vietnam, the returns to schooling are 10 percent overall. The returns to primary and secondary education have declined over time and are lower than the regional average. The returns to secondary education are low, but not much lower than the regional average. The returns to tertiary education are high, have increased considerably, and are about 20 percent. Therefore, investing in higher education makes sense for the individual and her family.
Extended generalized recurrence plot quantification of complex circular patterns

The generalized recurrence plot is a modern tool for quantification of complex spatial patterns. Its application spans the analysis of trabecular bone structures, Turing patterns, turbulent spatial plankton patterns, and fractals. Determinism is a central measure in this framework quantifying the level of regularity of spatial structures. We show by basic examples of fully regular patterns of different symmetries that this measure underestimates the orderliness of circular patterns resulting from rotational symmetries. We overcome this crucial problem by checking additional structural elements of the generalized recurrence plot which is demonstrated with the examples. Furthermore, we show the potential of the extended quantity of determinism applying it to more irregular circular patterns which are generated by the complex Ginzburg-Landau-equation and which can be often observed in real spatially extended dynamical systems. So, we are able to reconstruct the main separations of the system’s parameter space analyzing single snapshots of the real part only, in contrast to the use of the original quantity. This ability of the proposed method promises also an improved description of other systems with complicated spatio-temporal dynamics typically occurring in fluid dynamics, climatology, biology, ecology, social sciences, etc.
Structure-guided expansion of kinase fragment libraries driven by support vector machine models

This work outlines a new de novo design process for the creation of novel kinase inhibitor libraries. It relies on a profiling paradigm that generates a substantial amount of kinase inhibitor data from which highly predictive QSAR models can be constructed. In addition, a broad diversity of X-ray structure information is needed for binding mode prediction. This is important for scaffold and substituent site selection. Borrowing from FBDD, the process involves fragmentation of known actives, proposition of binding mode hypotheses for the fragments, and model-driven recombination using a pharmacophore derived from known kinase inhibitor structures. The support vector machine method, using Merck atom pair derived fingerprint descriptors, was used to build models from activity from 6 kinase assays. These models were qualified prospectively by selecting and testing compounds from the internal compound collection. Overall hit and enrichment rates of 82% and 2.5%, respectively, qualified the models for use in library design. Using the process, 7 novel libraries were designed, synthesized and tested against these same 6 kinases. The results showed excellent results, yielding a 92% hit rate for the 179 compounds that made up the 7 libraries. The results of one library designed to include known literature compounds, as well as an analysis of overall substituent frequency, are discussed.
Foundations of animal sentience

The goal of ASENT is to construct solid conceptual and methodological foundations for the science of animal sentience.

The term sentience refers to an animal’s subjective experience of the world and of its own body. In recent years, an interdisciplinary community of animal sentience researchers, drawn from neuroscience, comparative psychology, evolutionary biology, animal welfare science and philosophy, has begun to emerge. However, the field is characterized by foundational controversy over the nature of sentience and the criteria for its attribution, leading to heated debate over the presence or absence of sentience in fish and in invertebrates such as cephalopods and arthropods. 

ASENT aims to find ways to resolve these debates, enabling researchers to move beyond the impasses that result from deep foundational disagreement. What is needed is a conceptual framework for thinking about sentience as an evolved phenomenon that varies along several dimensions, a deeper understanding of how these dimensions of sentience relate to measurable aspects of animal behaviour and the nervous system, and a richer picture of the links between sentience, welfare and the ethical status of animals. 

ASENT will answer this need by providing: 
1. An account of the basic functional capacities involved in sentience, and an evaluation of which capacities justify us in regarding an animal as a sentience candidate.
2. An overarching conceptual framework for understanding the dimensions along which sentience varies across the animal kingdom, based on distinguishing multiple structural properties of sentience;
3. A scheme of proposed experimental tests for constructing a species’ most likely sentience profile with reference to these dimensions, implemented with scientific collaborators using bees as a test case.
4. An assessment of which dimensions of sentience are most relevant to animal welfare and to the ethical status of animals.
DEVICE FOR LOCKING AND UNLOCKING A COVER IN PARTICULAR OF A MANHOLE WITH THE AID OF A KEY

The present invention relates to a device for locking and unlocking a cover on a frame in particular of a manhole with the aid of a key. According to the invention, the device is characterized in that the bolt (14) of the lock (13) comprises two radial fingers (17) that are aligned in a direction parallel to a flat web (4) of the cover (3) and are able to cooperate, when the cover (3) is in a position closing the frame (2), with two ramps (36, 41) that are integral with the frame (2) and the cover (3), respectively, so as to exert on the cover (3) a force for locking to the frame (2), said force increasing as the fingers (17) of the bolt (14) move over the ramps (36, 41) until the fingers (17) are in their position locking the cover (3) to the frame (2), in which one of the two fingers (17) of the bolt (14) is trapped in the strike (16) of the frame (2). The invention is applicable in the field of highway equipment.
A geologic approach to resolving critical uncertainties in the impact of geomagnetic variance on in-situ cosmogenic nuclide production

Accurate prediction of future climate impacts hinges upon the robust reconstruction of past climate change. Palaeoclimate records serve as benchmark data for modern climate models and are a key element of model validation. Glaciers in particular are sensitive indicators of climate, providing geologic records of past climate fluctuations in the form of moraines. Recent advances in cosmogenic nuclide (CN) surface-exposure dating now allow these landforms to be dated directly, opening glacial geology as a potentially rich global archive of past climate change. However, fundamental limitations in our ability to exploit glacial records as a climate proxy are uncertainty in the 1) variance of CN production rates over time and 2) validity of numerical frameworks used to account for potential production rate variation. I propose to address these challenges directly by developing CN production rates for multiple periods from a single region in the tropics, where the theoretical impact of production rate variability is greatest. I will work with geochronologist Dr. Gordon Bromley of the host institution, National University of Ireland, Galway, to implement my field-based campaign in the Peruvian Andes, where I will map and sample volcanic deposits for CN calibration. I will be trained in noble gas mass spectrometry by Dr. Pierre-Henri Blard at partner institution Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochemiques, France. My ultimate fellowship goal is to refine and strengthen the surface-exposure dating technique in order to open the glacial geologic record as a global proxy for past change. Crucially, the results of my proposed research will provide both myself and the wider scientific community with the cutting-edge toolset required to apply cosmogenic nuclides to deposits of varying age and location and to quantify the impact of past – and future – climate change.
A robust methodology for the design optimization of diffuser augmented wind turbine shrouds

Abstract Shrouded wind turbines represent an attractive solution of high potential that could improve significantly the feasibility of renewable energy production at sites characterized by poor wind resources. This work presents the development of a modular optimization scheme for the aerodynamic shape optimization of diffuser-augmented wind turbine (DAWT) shrouds. For the numerical simulation of the incompressible flow field, an axisymmetric RANS solver has been implemented, based on the artificial compressibility method and SST turbulence model. The major features of the RANS solver are demonstrated, while its validity is assessed against both numerical and experimental data. Mesh and geometry parameterization are simultaneously succeeded by employing an in-house developed computational tool, based on the well-known Free-Form Deformation (FFD) technique. The backbone of the optimization framework is formed by a parallel and asynchronous Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, which is assisted by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) meta-models. The proposed methodology is applied to the design optimization of an axisymmetric shroud (diffuser) for a 15 kW wind turbine, aiming to maximize the mean velocity speed-up ratio and minimize drag, under geometrical constrains. The resulting designs are capable of providing high velocity accelerations, accompanied by considerable reduction in drag and volume.