SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Punishment as communication: transgressors’ interpretation and understanding of punishment

Punishment is ubiquitous. We discipline children when they misbehave, and we demand even harsher sanctions for criminal offences. Punishment is thought to serve a communicative purpose: Through punishment, victims and third parties seek to send various “messages” to transgressors (e.g., condemning the wrongness of the act and imploring them to reform). But are these messages effectively delivered and understood by transgressors? And does the interpretation of a punitive message have the desired effects on the transgressor?

To answer these questions, this research examines (a) the types of messages transgressors receive through punishment (why they think they are being punished), and (b) transgressors’ reactions to them (e.g., perceived fairness, experienced remorse). Further, it explores (c) the features of a punitive message that influences how the message is interpreted by transgressors. The research will be built on a theoretical framework that integrates knowledge from three distinct fields: legal philosophy, social psychology, and behavioural economics. The specific hypotheses deducted from this framework will be tested in controlled experimental lab studies as well as in a court setting.

The insights from this research will be informative to all disciplines interested in criminal justice and punishment. First, this research will develop our theoretical understanding of punitive procedures and their effects. Second, it has important implications for how we should deliver punishment to enhance justice outcomes, whether in the context of formal legal proceedings or informal sanctions.

The quality of the research will be strengthened by access to exceptional research facilities and expertise at the host university, and interdisciplinary collaboration with scholars both within the university and beyond. Further, the expertise and methodological training acquired through the fellowship will significantly develop the researcher’s capacities and profile.
Birthing abolition: reproduction and the gradual end of slavery in brazil

BIRTHBRAZIL is an interdisciplinary project that will analyze how enslaved women’s reproductive trends and practices shaped the gradual abolition of slavery in the middle to large plantation holdings of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 1850 (the definitive end of the country’s slave trade) to final abolition in 1888. The project aims to contend that the struggle to end slavery was intimately entangled not only with elite understandings of slave reproduction but also with enslaved women’s own agency. To do so, it examines demographic trends among the enslaved population, elite views of enslaved women’s reproduction, and enslaved women’s own reproductive practices and agency. Like most Atlantic slave societies, the Brazilian slave population was reproduced through imports and not natural growth. Historians have argued that for 19th-century Rio de Janeiro state, harsh labour regimes and disease caused negative growth rates, dismissing the idea of “reproductive resistance”—the female enslaved practices of abortion and infanticide as purposeful attacks on the institution of slavery—popular in theories on Caribbean and US slavery. While enslaved women’s fertility control may not have caused negative population growth in 19th-century Rio de Janeiro state, BIRTHBRAZIL hypothesizes that enslaved women’s practices of fertility control played an important symbolic role in how elites understood and approached slavery itself. The findings of BIRTHBRAZIL are expected to demonstrate that enslaved women’s fertility control, both real and imagined, created the opportunity for abolitionists to implement the legal framework that abolished slavery. In doing so, the project provides historical background to current-day debates on reproductive rights, women’s health, and gender equality. The results will be disseminated through an academic monograph, peer-reviewed open-access publications, a website, an international conference, public history blogs, and a series of community lectures.
Development and validation under real conditions of innovative solutions optimising the power supply of the high-power electric furnace assembly together with auxiliary installations key to improving the competitiveness of steel production through efficient management of passive power and electricity quality

The aim of the project is to develop a solution for optimising the power supply system of restless power receivers of high power operating in conditions of insufficient short circuit power in Celsa Huta Ostrowiec (&bdquo;Company, &bdquo;CHO&rdquo;), which is a direct response to the diagnosed needs of the target audience. As a result of planned interdisciplinary industrial research and development work, conducted together with selected key subcontractors from the science sector, a process innovation will be created that fits into KIS.7.II.1 – Intelligent solutions in electricity grids. A key technological challenge within the project is the integration of technologies and techniques from the areas of electricity, energy, metallurgy and electrothermal in order to achieve synergies to improve efficiency of passive power management and energy quality and improve the efficiency of metallurgical processes. Synergy will be a source of new features and functionalities, currently not available on the target market (Poland and neighbouring countries). The results of the project are characterised by at least international innovation. Implementation will consist of CHO starting rolled products using project results and will improve the economic performance of the CHO by reducing the costs of electricity consumption and primary raw materials per tonne of steel billets produced and additional gains to increase production efficiency, which together will increase CHO’s competitiveness internationally. The project has a positive impact on sustainable development and its implementation will result in a diffusion effect. The company secured the resources necessary to implement the project, including intellectual property rights, and the patent purity verification confirmed the lack of patent purity
KEYBOARD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING

A keyboard (12) having an array of non-planar keys (14, 16) and a method for manufacturing such a keyboard (12) is provided. In one embodiment (Figs. 1, 2 and 4), the non-planar array (14, 16) is a double-concave array. Electrical connection along the keys (14, 16) and/or from the keys (14, 16) to associated electronics (50) is provided by way of a circuit board (48). The circuit board (48) has a geometry and flexibility which permits the circuit board (48) to conform to a shape which is non-planar along two non-parallel axes. In one embodiment (Figs. 2, 4 and 5-8), the circuit board (48) can be configured in a double-concave shape. The circuit board (48) includes one or more slots (98a-d) defining two or more projections (96a-e). These projections (96a-e) can be placed in a configured non-coplanar configuration along a first axis and the circuit board (48) can be flexed to a non-planar configuration along a second non-parallel axis. Circuit board (48) is formed of a flexible substrate (86a, b), and with a plurality of conductive traces (88).
Sliceable multi-qam format sdn-powered transponders and roadms enabling elastic optical networks

Sustained 2-digit growth in internet traffic is raising the need for new photonic technologies enabling Petabit/s network capacities, whereas suppressed operator margins call for new concepts to make these networks more efficient. QAMeleon aims at a holistic solution towards scaling metro/core networks to the next decade. A new generation of SDN-programmable photonic components, modules and subsystems will be delivered, employing sliceability as a means of optimizing resource utilization and cutting operator costs by >30%. 
At the transponder side, QAMeleon will develop components for 2 generations ahead: Operating at 128 Gbaud, they will bring significant savings in footprint (>13×), energy/bit (10.4×) and cost/bit (>4.3×). At the ROADM side, QAMeleon will develop large-scale flex-grid wavelength-selective switches (1×24 WSS) and transponder aggregators (8×24 TPA), reducing footprint and cost/port by more than 40% and 28% respectively, with energy savings per ROADM node reaching 4×. Addressing the emerging needs of 5G network backhaul and datacenter interconnect (DCI) metro-access networks where dynamicity is pivotal, QAMeleon will develop an integrated flex-grid 1×4 WSS with nanosecond-scale switching time. The fast 1×4 WSS will be scalable to large channel counts (i.e. full C-band) and will enable savings in footprint, energy consumption and cost by 20×, 11.5× and 36% respectively. 
QAMeleon will integrate its innovative photonic components into functional subsystems: A 3 Tb/s sliceable bandwidth-variable transponder (S-BVT), a flexible ROADM with large-scale WSSs and TPAs, and a fast ROADM for metro-access. All necessary SDN software extensions, plugins and application interfaces will be developed, providing a complete functional SDN framework for the sliceable “white box” subsystems. QAMeleon’s devices will be integrated with the SDN software and validated in scalable demonstrators at Nokia’s lab infrastructure and on TIM’s deployed regional network fiber plant
Rnai-Mediated epigenetic gene regulation

RNAi refers to the ability of small RNAs to silence expression of homologous sequences. A surprising link between epigenetics and RNAi was discovered more than a decade ago, and I was fortunate enough to be involved in this exciting field of research from the beginning. It is now well established that endogenous small RNAs have a direct impact on the genome in various organisms. Yet, the initiation of chromatin modifications in trans by exogenously introduced small RNAs has been inherently difficult to achieve in all eukaryotic cells. This has sparked controversy about the importance and conservation of RNAi-mediated epigenome regulation and hampered systematic mechanistic dissection of this phenomenon.
Using fission yeast, we have discovered a counter-acting mechanism that impedes small RNA-directed formation of heterochromatin and constitutes the foundation of this proposal. Our goal is to close several knowledge gaps and test the intriguing possibility that the suppressive mechanism we discovered is conserved in mammalian cells. We will employ yeast and embryonic stem cells and use cutting-edge technologies (i.e., chemical mutagenesis combined with whole-genome sequencing, genome editing with engineered nucleases, and single-cell RNA sequencing) to address fundamental, as yet unanswered questions. 
My proposal consists of four major aims. In aim 1, I propose to use proteomics approaches and to perform yeast genetic screens to define additional pathway components and regulatory factors. Aim 2 builds on our ability to finally trigger de novo formation of heterochromatin by synthetic siRNAs acting in trans, addressing many of the outstanding mechanistic questions that could not be addressed in the past. In Aims 3 and 4, experiments conducted in yeast and mouse cells will elucidate missing fragments critical to our understanding of the conserved principles behind RNAi-mediated epigenetic gene regulation.
Early loading of hydrophilic titanium implants inserted in low-mineralized (D3 and D4) bone: one year results of a prospective clinical trial

Abstract Introduction Pure titanium is the material of choice for contemporary dental implants. However, superficial reaction of the moderately rough titanium surface with atmospheric components decreases its hydrophilicity. INICELL® represents a chemical alteration and hydrophilization of a moderately rough i. e. sand-blasted and acid-etched titanium surface. The hydrophilicity leads to a more homogenous adsorption of proteins on the implant surface in-vitro, supporting the activation of a higher number of platelets and the generation of a homogenous, complete fibrin matrix in the early phases of osseointegration. This in turn helps to reduce the healing time and enhances the predictability of osseointegration in compromised bony situations. The objective of this case series trial was therefore to investigate if early loading (after 8 weeks) of hydrophilic INICELL implants is feasible in patients with reduced bone quality. Methods In 10 patients, 35 hydrophilic implants were placed in sites revealing bone quality class 3 and 4, and uncovered after 4 weeks. Eight weeks later implants were released for loading if the tactile resistance was ≥35 Ncm. Lower resistances resulted in 12 weeks initial healing period. Insertion torque, ISQ, tactile resistance and vertical bone level were evaluated at implant installation, after 4 weeks (uncovering), 8 or 12 weeks (loading), and 12 weeks and one year after loading. Results Mean implant insertion torque was 21 Ncm. 31 (88.6%) showed a tactile resistance of &gt;35 Ncm after eight weeks and were released for prosthetic loading. Eight weeks after insertion, one implant (2.9%) had to be removed following a soft tissue complication. One implant had to be removed after 4 weeks due to a technical complication (fractured Osstell-abutment), it was therefore excluded from the analysis. 33 of 34 implants (97%) were loaded to occlusion and were in situ/functional one year after implantation. ISQs increased from 43 at baseline to 63 at eight weeks, and 72 at three months after loading. Then, ISQ remained constant until one year after loading. Conclusions Within the limitations of this prospective case series, hydrophilic implants may allow for shortening of the initial healing period even in bone with compromised density.
Omental torsion at the time of COVID-19 in Northern Italy: a case report of conservative management with a review of the pertinent literature.

In middle-aged men, omental torsion (OT) can be a cause of acute abdomen.The right side of the omentum is longer, heavier and more mobile than the left one and, as a consequence, it can twist more easily on its vascular axis. Consequently, OT localization in the lower right quadrant is more frequent, and therefore it can mimic acute appendicitis clinical onset.In most cases, OT is defined as "primary" in the absence of any other underlying pathologies, or, rarely, "secondary", when caused by other intra-abdominal diseases such as inguinal hernia, tumors, cysts or post-surgical scarring. To date, clinical diagnosis of OT still remains a challenging one in a preoperative setting and most cases are diagnosed intraoperatively. If diagnosis is correctly achieved preoperatively by adequate imaging examinations, most patients presenting with OT do not undergo surgery anymore. Such considerations gain importance at the time of COVID 19 pandemic, where a conservative management and an early discharge may be preferred owing to in-hospital morbidity after abdominal surgery whenever surgery may be avoided.We present a case of an OT successfully treated in a non-operative manner during COVID-19 outbreak in Norhern Italy and offer a review of the literature that supports such a clinical attitude. Conclusions: OT preoperative diagnosis is challenging and is usually achieved by abdominal CT-scan. The suggested OT initial management is conservative, leaving a surgical approach, preferably by laparoscopy, for the 15% of cases not improving with a non-surgical approach.
Modelling individual farmer behaviours in coupled human natural systems under changing climate and society

Agriculture is one of the sectors most affected by climate change, especially in lower latitude areas, were climate change will result in increased temperature, reduced rainfall, and increased frequency of extreme weather events such as floods and droughts. Water and food nexus, often embedded in seemingly endless ecological, social and political interactions, are context-dependent, socially constructed and technically uncertain. Modelling techniques have been recognized, also in social sciences, as effective computational techniques to simulate social influence processes in human-nature systems from interactions within community of individual agents. The aim of the proposal is to reduce the vulnerability and improve the resilience of multifunctional irrigation systems to climate change scenarios by modelling individual farmer’ behaviour and informing managers and decision-makers about the effectiveness of different types of interventions. Through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods and evidence-based analysis from social learning process (survey sample, interviews, statistical analyses, behavioural modelling simulations, artificial intelligence), insights are collected on how individual farmer and key stakeholders behave with respect to climate change adaptation in Coupled Human Natural Systems (CHNS), such as hydrosocial systems (e.g. multifunctional irrigation systems). A key question in today climate change adaptation research will be addressed: Can behaviour modelling help farmers to promote actions and anticipate decisions to adapt to climate change and become more sustainable and resilient? The assessment of farmer’ behavioural on climate change adaptation measures will be conducted on the Muzza irrigation district, located southeast of the city of Milan (Northern Italy). Modelling human behaviour can be used as a safe laboratory for policy experimentation, testing the effectiveness of strategies and policy measures on climate change.
A Reevaluation of the Absolute Chronology of Cabuza and Related Ceramic Styles of the Azapa Valley, Northern Chile

The nature and extent of the political and cultural influence of the Tiwanaku state (ca. A.D. 500—1100) in the Azapa Valley of northern Chile are debated topics. The absolute chronology of these contacts also remains somewhat unclear. Much of the debate has centered on the origins and chronological position of the Tiwanaku-related black-on-red ceramic style called Cabuza. In order to reevaluate the chronological position of the Cabuza, Maytas-Chiribaya, and San Miguel ceramic styles and associated cultural phases of the Azapa Valley, we obtained a total of 16 new radiocarbon dates for the Azapa-6, Azapa- 71a, Azapa-141, and Azapa-143 cemeteries. All but one sample dated to the Late Intermediate period (ca.A.D. 1000-1450). We compare our results with previously published radiocarbon and thermoluminescence dates and carry out Bayesian probability calculations, establishing the most likely chronological ranges for the three ceramic styles. Based on this research, we argue that the undeniable Tiwanaku influence seen in the Azapa Valley more likely reflects processes set in motion by the collapse of the Tiwanaku state rather than an attempt to colonize or indirectly control the Azapa Valley during the Middle Horizon (ca. A.D. 550-1000).
EXPANSION VALVE FOR AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM WITH PROPORTIONAL SOLENOID

An expansion valve (10) for heat transfer systems such as an air conditioning system, includes a control element (20) for controlling the flow rate of working fluid through the valve. The control element has a stem member (28) and movable member (42) movable on the stem member. Openings (38) to an internal passage (30) in the stem member are regulated by positioning the movable member to achieve regulated flow rate of refrigerant material through the valve. The movable member of the control element is moved by a plunger (24) of a proportional solenoid (22). The proportional solenoid has a magnetic flux circuit including a low permeance isolation tube (62) surrounding the plunger, which enables removal of the coil (76) and frame (78) of the solenoid from the valve. The solenoid further includes a variable permeance flux washer (69) the flux through which varies with plunger position, which is disposed from a gap (82) which provides an area of magnetic saturation. The proportional solenoid produces force/displacement characteristics which enable precise control of the control element and accurate regulation of the refrigerant flow rate through the valve.
European proteomics infrastructure consortium providing access

In life sciences research, proteomics technologies promise to be even more revolutionary than genomics for understanding the molecular mechanisms of complex biological systems and their (mal-)functions in health and disease. As a result, there is a strongly growing need for the integration of proteomic technologies into world-class life sciences research programs in medicine, agriculture, food, biotechnology, and materials.

The European Proteomics Infrastructure Consortium providing Access (EPIC-XS) brings together a consortium of world-leading, highly innovative European proteomics facilities with the shared goal of supporting excellent life sciences research in Europe. This will be achieved by providing access to cutting-edge proteomics facilities, and by developing and implementing novel mass spectrometry based proteomics and bioinformatics approaches to shape the future life sciences research in Europe.

The Transnational Access in EPIC-XS consists of around 2400 days of access to state-of-the-art proteomics facilities, corresponding to around 150 user projects, which will be evaluated by an independent review panel to ensure excellence, and to match users with the best facility for their challenging research questions. 

The cutting-edge Joint Research Activities in EPIC-XS are built on the extremely strong innovation track record of the consortium members, and will address bottlenecks in, and develop novel approaches for, future-oriented efforts in computational and structural proteomics, analysis of higher-order proteome organization, multi-omics integration, and translational/clinical proteomics and personalized/precision medicine.

EPIC-XS will provide users with unrivalled access to world-leading facilities and expertise, while simultaneously extending Europe’s leading international role in the. EPIC-XS meets the widespread current demands for user access, addresses present bottlenecks in the field and will open up entirely new perspectives in proteomics.
Internationalisierung der Aktivitäten von DREW-BAK

Gegenstand des Projekts ist eine Investition, die das Produktangebot DREW BAK auf die Bedürfnisse der Internationalisierung vorbereitet. MATERIALUMFANG: —CNC-Bearbeitungszentrum, um mehr Präzision und Prod-Qualität zu erreichen. Das Ziel, einen neuen Herstellungsprozess einzuführen und die Herstellung von fertigen Möbeln zu ermöglichen Der materielle Umfang wird genutzt, um das Angebot im Hinblick auf die Bedürfnisse der Internationalisierung zu entwickeln. Angebot vorbehaltlich inter.: Herstellung von Möbeln aus Holz, die von Herstellern von Möbeln der Klasse „Premium“ als Halbfabrikat verwendet werden, und Brustmöbel für Endkunden. Die Änderung des Angebots betrifft: — Herstellung von nicht standardisierten Elementen mit hochkomplexen Formen und künstlerischen Formen -Erhöhung der Produktionskapazität durch die Herstellung von Kleinserien, individuellen „Premium“-Projekten -Verlängerung der Produktpalette um fertige Produkte, die direkt für den Endkunden bestimmt sind, mit einer größeren, möglichen Marge: Ausrichtung der Internationalisierung: Als Zielmarkt wurden europäische Länder aufgrund ihrer Qualitätserfahrung in der Produktion an ausländische Kunden ausgewählt. Tätigkeiten im Zusammenhang mit der Ausfuhr von Produkten werden auf allen möglichen Märkten durchgeführt. PHASEN DER UMSETZUNG: 1. Auswahl der Lieferanten nach dem Grundsatz der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit: Und Q. 2017 2. Erwerb und Installation von Anlagegütern: II-IV-Viertel. 2017 3. Finanzielle und materielle Abwicklung von Q1 2018 Das Projekt passt zu den Zielen des WiM ROP 2014-2020: Thema Ziel 3 „Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von KMU“? Investitionspriorität 3b, da dadurch bessere Bedingungen für die Entwicklung des Antragstellers (KMU) geschaffen werden, da er moderne Technologien zur Verfügung stellt und sein Potenzial voll ausschöpft, was dazu führen wird, dass das Angebot an die Anforderungen neuer Märkte angepasst wird.