SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Up-Lifting communities: structuring collective action for sustainable local transition and identifying regulatory solutions for adopting frontier technologies and disruptive business models

The residential sector has a significant role to play in achieving the EUs binding target of 32.5% energy efficiency saving by 2030. Recent EU Directives have advanced definitions for two types of energy communities. A ‘Renewable Energy Community’ and a ‘Citizens Energy Community’.  While there are similarities between the two, there are key differences - their structure and ability to participate as a market actor.  There is limited available information published in an approachable manner that explains these differences.  Thus organising an energy community requires a great deal of expertise.  The regular consumer often feels side-lined and unable to participate.  
The UP-STAIRS project addresses these issues with a goal to accelerate the growth of energy communities by providing a common framework. UP-STAIRS removes the barriers to citizen participation in the transition from a consumer-market to a ‘prosumer-market’. This transition requires active learning and participation from all stakeholders. The UP-STAIRS Energy Service Framework enables Local Authorities and Citizens to work together through a common structure embodied in a one-stop-shop.
This common structure includes business models and decision support for energy assessment of a community’s energy potential. UP-STAIRS provides a full service information repository on policy and regulatory advice which will give the UP-STAIRS Implementation Champion the confidence to understand the impact that their energy community can make into the market.  Community support is through a compendium of energy tutorials on key topics including behaviour change, prosumerism, collective actions and their benefit to consumers, and what it means to become an energy citizen in a sustainable energy community. The UP-STAIRS project consists of 1 RPO, 1 NGO, 1 consultancy organisation, 1 SME, 1 National Energy Authority, 1 Regional Energy Authority, 3 Municipalities/city councils and 1 consumer organisation from 7 member states.
Method of producing AuCuGa alloy coating using electrolysis, and alloys produced by such a method

The present invention relates to a method of producing a gold-copper-gallium (AuCuGa) alloy coating by electrodeposition on a substrate (2), using an aqueous electrolytic bath. The method is characterized in that the aqueous electrolytic bath comprises potassium aurocyanide (KAu(CN)2), copper cyanide (CuCN), potassium cyanide (KCN) or sodium cyanide (NaCN), and a gallium salt (e.g. gallium sulfate Ga2(SO4)3). In particular, the molar concentration of gold cations (ÄAu<+>Ü), copper cations (ÄCu<+>Ü) and gallium cations (ÄGa<3+>Ü) in the electrolytic bath is respectively comprised within the following ranges: 0,19 g/l ≤ ÄAu<+>Ü ≤ 2,17 g/l (0,1.10<-2> mol/l ≤ ÄAu<+>Ü ≤ 1,1.10<-2> mol/l); 0,31 g/l ≤ Äcu<+>Ü ≤ 1,59 g/l (0,5.10<-2> mol/l ≤ ÄCu<+>Ü ≤ 2,5.10<-2> mol/l); and 0,69 g/l ≤ ÄGa<3+>Ü ≤ 2,79 g/l (1.10<-2> mol/l ≤ ÄGa<3+>Ü ≤ 4.10<-2> mol/l). Such a method allows to provide an AuCuGa alloy coating having brightness and ductility properties which are equivalent to those of the prior art AuCuCd alloy coatings.
Gemination harmony

The goal of this project is to investigate long-distance anticipatory effects from word-medial geminates across three unrelated languages – Italian, Tashlhiyt Berber and Japanese. In particular, it examines whether defining- and enhancing- features associated with geminates are already anticipated on the non-adjacent word-initial consonant (e.g., whether in the Italian [palla] “ball” the properties of the word-medial [ll] geminate are already foreshadowed on the word-initial [p]). In relation to the geminate-singleton distinction, Italian, Tashlhiyt Berber and Japanese present similarities (e.g. duration of the word-medial geminate consonant as primary correlate) and differences that are relevant for testing the following issues a) the type of length-related vs. strength-related properties that are spread from the word-medial geminate to the word-initial consonant; b) the domain of the harmonic process, and more precisely, the role played by the intervening vowel (e.g. the [a] in [palla]). In addition to the language factor, long-distance anticipatory effects induced by geminates will be tested against segmental factors (i.e. type of word-medial geminate consonant), prosodic factors (i.e. focus) and performance-related factors (i.e. speech rate). Two acoustic and articulatory experiments (measurements of tongue-to-palate contact and intraoral pressure) will be designed to address these issues. The main contribution of this project lies in determining the articulatory and acoustic bases of harmony as induced by gemination (‘gemination harmony’) within a cross-linguistic perspective. As such, it may provide important insights into the interplay between phonetics and phonology and have crucial implications for the understanding of long-distance effects in speech production.
Conservation genomics of endangered indigenous european horse breeds

The European continent encompasses about half the total number of horse breeds on the planet. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, about a quarter of those breeds are currently endangered as they have been disused since the mechanization of farming and transportation, and have suffered massive losses during the first and second World Wars. These breeds were developed over long historical periods, in a variety of ecological and socio-cultural contexts. As such, they represent an invaluable component of our common genetic and cultural heritage and the living incarnation of European terroirs. Our proposal aims at undertaking the first genetic monitoring of ~120 endangered and autochthonous European breeds at a genome-wide level. Our extensive genetic dataset will enable a precise reconstruction of the horse breeding history in Europe, revealing the long-debated origins of iconic breeds and the genetic impact of different management strategies and environments. Additionally, it will open for an identification of breed-specific Ancestry Informative Markers and an estimation of key genetic parameters and population structure, allowing the development of informed conservation guidelines, aimed at maximizing the genetic potential of endangered breeds and minimizing mixing between breeds of unrelated history. Importantly, ENDANGEREDHORSES will showcase the potential of genome-wide approaches in helping preserve the genetic diversity of livestock resources, which is currently of concern for horses and all other domestic animals worldwide.
Carbohydrate elimination of alkaline-extracted lignin liquor by steam explosion and its methylolation for substitution of phenolic adhesive

Steam explosion pretreatment was proposed to eliminate carbohydrates in the alkali lignin liquor isolated from corn stalk and the obtained lignin liquor was concentrated and methylolated without further purification process for substitution of phenolic resin as plywood adhesive. Moreover, FTIR and GPC analysis technology was applied to characterize the lignin variation during the steam explosion treatment and the methylolation modification. The results demonstrated that steam explosion could effectively decrease the carbohydrate content of lignin liquor and the operational parameters of steam pressure 1.8 MPa and pressure maintaining time 5 min were obtained as preferable conditions for less carbohydrate content and higher lignin yield. The lignin methylolated under optimized conditions was found to successfully substitute 50% of phenolic resin as wood adhesive with approved bonding strength and lower free formaldehyde and phenol contents. The FOR and GPC analysis suggested that lignin showed higher content of carbonyl group and narrower molecular weight distribution due to depolymerization effect during steam explosion and formaldehyde was mainly incorporated into the aromatic C-5 position of G unit in the methylolation process. Overall, the study indicates that steam explosion is an effective treatment to improve the purity of lignin liquor and the direct substitution of phenolic adhesive by methylolated lignin liquor significantly reduces the costs for lignin recovery, which offers a promising approach for enhancing the commercial operation of a steam-explosion-derived biorefinery. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Microglia control of physiological brain states

The brain controls all body functions. At the base of this 'catholic' role are the neurons, cells that generate electrical signals, communicate via synapses and form circuits that execute computing tasks and control behaviour. The electrical signalling pattern of neurons is the information code of the brain and the synapse connectivity determines circuit function. This is, in brief, what most textbooks emphasise, but such a neuron-centred brain view is precariously short-sighted. 

Apart from neurons, the brain contains three glia cell types (from Greek 'γλία' for 'glue'): astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. But far from being mere 'glue', astrocytes and oligodendrocytes have multiple critical functions in the brain, accordingly affect many brain processes - even genuine computing tasks - and have therefore become a major focus of modern neuroscience. 

Microglia are the 'odd one out'. They are brain-resident immune cells, act as defence against pathological insults and have a housekeeping function as phagocytes. Aside from these functions, microglia seem to play an as yet unrecognized role by engaging in reciprocal signalling with neurons. It is this Microglia Control of Physiological Brain States we will study in MICRO-COPS, based on the hypothesis that microglia purposively control neuronal function. We will combine mouse genetics with cutting-edge gene expression analysis and cell biological, electrophysiological, and imaging technologies to define the reciprocal microglia-neuron signalling pathways, the signalling molecules involved, the biological consequences for microglia and neurons, and the role of the corresponding signalling processes in synapse physiology, neuronal integration, circuit dynamics, and behaviour. We expect that the mechanistic description of reciprocal microglia-neuron interactions - from synapses to circuits - will establish a new and critically important brain regulatory process and provide key insights into brain pathology.
Human Mechanics And Divine Engineering: Breakfast of Champions

American fiction written during and after 1950's resort to formal disruptions and structural experimentation so as to aesthetically capture the life lived under the ethos of mass society. Humans, in this socioeconomic setup, consume and live the values and circumstances as mass produced as any other consumable and marketable commodity. The commodification of life and living has rendered humans as meaningless specks floating aimlessly on the vistas of an absurd existence, nullifying the very concept of any moral or Absolutes. God ceased to exist and human came to  be seen to be ironically governed by the principles of  mechanization rendering people as machines. It is within this framework that this paper attempts to analyse the thematic essence of Kurt Vonnegut's Breakfast of Champions. The author presents contemporary beings as mere robots in the hands of inscrutable market and global forces, the forces which he ironically calls God. Northrop Frye, a scientific critic of twentieth century believes that 'human' and 'divine' have come to be replaced by 'demonic', and rendered condition unbearable. Sartre calls it human that is the creation of Man himself. Vonnegut, under these circumstances, does not fail to see the spiritual aspect of existence.
Collaborative intelligence for safety critical systems

The European Commission ""The European Commission’s guidelines on ethics in artificial intelligence"" (AI), published in April 2019, recognised the importance of a 'human-centric' approach to AI that is respectful of European values. Dedicated training schemes to prepare for the integration of ‘human-centric’ AI into European innovation and industry are now needed. AIs should be able to collaborate with (rather than replace) humans. Safety critical applications of AI technology are ‘human-in-the-loop’ scenarios, where AI and humans work together, as manufacturing processes, IoT systems, and critical infrastructures. The concept of Collaborative Intelligence is essential in these scenarios. The CISC EID will nurture and train 14 world class-leading Collaborative Intelligence Scientists for safety critical situations and provide a blue-print for postgraduate training in this area. The development of Collaborative Intelligence systems requires an interdisciplinary skill set blending expertise across AI, Human Factors, Neuroergonomics and System Safety Engineering. This inter-disciplinary skill-set is not catered for in traditional training courses at any level. The CISC training programme will develop Collaborative Intelligence Scientists with the expertise and skill set necessary to carry-out the major tasks required to develop a Collaborative Intelligence system: (1) Modelling the dynamics of system behaviours for the production processes, IoT systems, and critical infrastructures (System Safety Engineering); (2) Designing and implementing processes capable of monitoring interactions between automated systems and the humans destined to use them (Human Factors/Neuroergonomics); (3) Using data analytics and AI to create novel human-in-the-loop automation paradigms to support decision making and/or anticipate critical scenarios; and, (4) Managing the Legal and Ethical implications in the use of physiology-recording wearable sensors and human performance data in AI algorithms.
Spatial Spillover Effects of Financial Development on Regional Ocean Economy Growth of China Based on SDM

Based on partial differential analysis of Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), this paper selects provincial panel data of 11 coastal provinces in China from 2006 to 2014 to empirically study the spatial spillover effects of financial development on regional marine economy. The results show that there are significant spatial correlations in China's marine economy, and it is manifested as spatial exclusion, that is, there is a certain “congestion effect”. At this stage, Financial Interrelations Ratio (FIR) and Venture Capital (VC) have positive direct effects and negative spatial spillover effects on the development of marine economy. Government investment, on the contrary, has a negative direct effect and a positive spatial spillover effect on it. The impact of insurance on the marine economy is not significant.
Effects of biochar on soil fertility and crop productivity in arid regions: a review

Biochar, carbon-rich materials produced during the thermochemical processing of biomass, are receiving increased attention given their potential value as soil amendments. Biochar are formed through pyrolysis processes—heating to several hundred degrees Celsius under oxygen-limited environments—and both the source feedstock and the reaction conditions affect the quality of the resulting chars. Biochar can enhance soil physical and chemical properties and increase agricultural systems’ productivity through direct and indirect effects on crop growth and soil quality. Biochar also may directly help mitigate climate change by sequestering stable carbon compounds in the soil and perhaps indirectly through increased C uptake by trees. As the world faces growing challenges from soil degradation and climate change, biochar application to soils represents a potential pathway forward. Although a large volume of literature exists regarding the use of biochar under favorable climatic conditions, information regarding biochar applications in semiarid and arid climates has been more limited. Evidence of greater water holding capacity and reduced infiltration suggests these materials have potential to improve the productivity of such lands and provides a basis for considering its wider application in the arid environments such as Saudi Arabia. Challenges and limitations for biochar use on a mass scale are also briefly discussed. To move this technology forward, crop and soil scientists should involve economists and agricultural extension educators in studies that consider economic as well as biophysical implications for biochar’s application on a mass scale.
Ro-Boost inno smes – boosting the innovative potential of romanian smes

In the context of innovation-divided Europe and scarce consultancy in RDI, Macro Region 4 Romania is in full process of moving towards a ""turning point"" of economic positioning in a climate of globalization, disruptive innovations and circular economies. This dynamic brings to surface impediments innovation actors in the region face multiple challenges, while their ability to overcome them is crucial to the impact of such changes.  The core members of the Ro-Boost SMEs consortium are aware that it is time for smart action in order to achieve the goal of reducing the innovation divide among companies. Based on the vision stated in the Ro-Boost SMEs Implementation Strategy, the core members of the consortium jointly elaborated the project ""Ro-Boost Inno SMEs"" aimed at consolidating innovative businesses - rooted into the Smart Specialisation Strategy - and to expand their position within the sector global value chains. To achieve this goal, dedicated innovation support envisaged at the beginning of 2015 shall be continued in order to increase added value of SMEs and innovative sectors in the global economy, using an innovative delivery system and consolidating the community of innovators. 
The proposal is built around the expertise of relevant partners at Macro Region 4 level and in-depth competences gained in 2015-2016. It shall also capitalize on the impact generated in the previous period in order to gain further recognition of the innovation management as success driver among SMEs in terms of both economic impact and innovation culture within business environment.
Hybrid asymptotic-direct approach to the problem of finite vibrations of a curved layered strip

A multi-stage approach for the mathematical modeling in the field of nonlinear problems of mechanics of thin-walled structures is the subject of the present paper. A combination of the asymptotic, direct, and numerical methods for consistent and efficient analysis of problems of structural mechanics is presented on the example of plane problem of finite vibrations of a thin curved strip with material inhomogeneity. The method of asymptotic splitting allows for a consistent dimensional reduction of the original two-dimensional continuous problem as the thickness is small: the leading-order solution of the full system of equations of the theory of elasticity results in a one-dimensional formulation of the reduced theory and a problem in the cross-section. The direct approach to a material line extends the results to the geometrically nonlinear range. The appropriate finite element formulation allows for practical applications of the theory; with the numerical solution of the reduced problem, we restore the distributions of stresses, strains, and displacements over the thickness. Numerically and analytically investigated convergence of the solutions of various problems in the original (two-dimensional) and reduced (one-dimensional) models as the thickness tends to zero justifies the analytical conclusion that the curvature and variation of the material properties over the thickness do not require special treatment for classical Kirchhoff’s rods. Further terms of the asymptotic expansion lead to a model with shear and extension, in which curvature appears in a nontrivial way.
Evaluation of Sahiwal cattle for lifetime traits in an organized herd

The present study was undertaken on 752 lactation records of 190 Sahiwal cows maintained at Government Sahiwal Cattle Breeding Farm, Chakganjaria, Lucknow, over 17 years (1983–1999) to evaluate the performance of lifetime traits. The traits were considered for study as herd life (longevity), productive herd life, life time calf production, life time milk yield, and total lactation length, age at first service and age at first calving traits. The average herd life (longevity) and productive herd life (PHL) were 3199.39±100.48 days and 1872.28±100.28 days, respectively. The herd life and productive life were significantly influenced by period of birth whereas season of birth had no significant effect. The cows born in the first period (1983–87) had longest herd life (3449.25±166.43 days) and PHL (2093.02±166.11 days), however, shortest herd life (2923.59±200.79 days) and productive herd life (1585.80±200.41 days) were observed in the third period (1994–99). The average number of total calves produced by each cow during its life time was 4.19±0.20. It was significantly affected by period of birth whereas season of birth had no effect. The highest number of total calves born was observed in winter season (4.45) and first period of birth (4.55). However, it was lowest in rainy season (3.95) and third period of birth (3.71). The average age at first service and age at first calving were 1053.53±16.85 days and 1329.25±14.53 days, respectively. The average life time milk yield and total lactation length were 5615.98±372.12 kg and 1183.92±67.81 days, respectively. The season and period of birth had no effect on life time milk yield and total lactation length. However significant effects were reported on AFS and AFC. Variability in traits indicated that there is scope of improvement through management.
Magnetic insulators: an enabling platform for innovative spintronic concepts

New approaches to write, read, and process data are required in order to improve the sustainability of computer technologies. Spintronics offers attractive solutions to these problems. Today, however, the majority of spintronic devices and research efforts rely on a limited set of materials, mostly magnetic conductors. Here I propose to challenge this conventional approach and place magnetic insulators at the core of spintronics by exploiting their advantages over conducting magnets.
Magnetic conductors are ubiquitous in spintronics due to their ability to generate and detect spin currents by electrical means. However, we now know that nonmagnetic materials with large spin-orbit coupling can efficiently convert charge currents into spin currents with de-coupled directions. This key feature enables spin current injection into virtually any material, including magnetic insulators where charge currents cannot propagate but spin currents can.
The aim of this project is to bridge the long-established knowledge on magnetic insulators with today’s expertise on spintronics and measurement techniques. I will exploit the highly tunable properties of magnetic insulators to achieve efficient magnetization control by electrical means in various schemes.
First, I will optimize the current-induced spin-orbit torque control of magnetization in magnetic insulators, a widely used methods in ferromagnetic conductors, but little explored in the context of insulators.
Second, I will devise a new electrical method to induce localized spin-flop transitions and harness the magnonic spin currents generated in this process.
Third, I will explore the possibilities of dynamically controlling the magnetic properties of insulators by proximity coupling and electric gating.
Overall, MAGNEPIC will provide breakthrough knowledge of magnetic insulators for spintronics and demonstrate fast, energy-efficient, and innovative device concepts for magnetic data manipulation beyond the state-of-the art.