SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
Improvements in and relating to Electric Arc Lamps.

11,282. Grote, E. R. May 12. Arc lamps; arc-lamp electrodes.-Electrodes are formed by hollow cylinders a of length not greater than twice their diameter, and contain flame cores surrounded by carbon zones of uniform thickness as described in Specification 23,429/07. The electrodes may be mounted on inclined spindles c, which are geared together through an idler g and driven intermittently by an electric motor so thai the cores are brought into use successively. One of the spindles is carried by a frame h mounted coaxially with the idler, and is moved laterally by a bent lever and solenoids to strike the arc.
Estimation of form deviation and the associated uncertainty in coordinate metrology

Purpose – The uncertainty evaluation for coordinate measuring machine metrology is problematic due to the diversity of the parameters that can influence the measurement result. From discrete coordinate data taken on curve (or surface) the software of these machines proceeds to an identification of the measured feature, the parameters of the substitute feature serve in the phase of calculation to estimate the form error of form, and the decisions made based on the result measurement may be outliers when the uncertainty associated to the measurement result is not taken into account. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The authors relied on the orthogonal distance regression (ODR) algorithm to estimate the parameters of the substitute geometrical elements and their uncertainties. The solution of the problem is resolved by an iterative calculation according to the Levenberg Marquard optimization method. The authors have also presented in this paper the propagation model of uncertainties to the circularity error. This model is based on the law of propagation of the uncertainties defined in the GUM. Findings – This work proposes a model based on ODR to estimates parameters of the substitute geometrical elements and their uncertainties. This contribution allows us to estimate the uncertaintof the form error by applying the law of propagation of uncertainties. An example of calculating the circularity error and the associated uncertainty is explained. This method can be applied to others geometry type: line, plan, sphere, cylinder and cone. Practical implications – This work interested manufacturing firms by allowing them: to meet the normative, which requires that each measurement must be accompanied by its uncertainty-in conformity assessment, the decision-making must take account of this uncertainty to avoid the aberrant decisions. Informing the operators on the capability of their measurement process Originality/value – This work proposes a model based on ODR to estimates parameters of the substitute geometrical elements and its uncertainties. without the hypothesis of small displacements torsor, this method integrates the uncertainty on the coordinates of points and can be applied in any reference placemark. This contribution allows us also to estimate the uncertainty of the form error by applying the law of propagation of uncertainties.
Role of the mucin-like domain of the ebola virus in modulating virus-glycosaminoglycan interactions

Ebola virus, one of the deadliest human pathogens, is a known candidate for severe outbreaks and has caused several thousand deaths in the more recent outbreaks alone. To fight against it, a detailed knowledge about its viral life cycle is fundamental to the development of efficient vaccines and drugs. 
In this project I suggest to investigate the role of the mucin-like domain (MLD) of the viral glycoprotein (GP) in modulating virus attachment, detachment and diffusion on glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), responsible for recruiting the virus at the cell surface. To do so, I will generate GP-containing pseudotyped viruses, mimicking the tropism of the pathogen. Specifically, I will compare the GP of the Zaire strain of EBOV, an MLD-deleted mutant and a natural mutant that occurred during the West Africa outbreak (2013-2016) that is reported to have an increased tropism for human cells. I will use advanced biophysical techniques to examine the interactions on a molecular level as well as on the cellular level. On a molecular level, I will study the binding strength of individual bonds formed between the GP and GAGs using force spectroscopy. In addition, I will investigate the attachment and detachment of virus particles from GAGs immobilized on a glass surface in a biomimetic fashion, using total internal fluorescence microscopy. Proceeding to a more physiological model using living cells, I plan to study the diffusion behavior at the cell surface of pseudotyped viruses carrying the various mutations in their MLD. Stepping up in complexity, in the last part of the project, I will investigate the role of the MLD in modulating the ability of the virus to cross the glycocalyx, the sugar coat of cells, by employing 3D tracking. 
Taken together this project will lead to a better understanding on how viral particle migrate on the cell surface and how the interactions function on a molecular level.
Resilient cooling towards climate change adaptation of cities and buildings

ResCool is targeting an advanced building energy simulation to consider the thermal interactions with urban microclimate under climate change scenarios, aiming at supporting the climate-resilient design of cities under growing heatwaves. The effects of heatwaves in cities are one of the most critical overlooked issues of our time. They will occur more often and last longer, increasing the likelihood of severe and irreversible impacts for people and ecosystems. The objectives of this project are the development and validation of a holistic and reliable methodology to evaluate the heat vulnerability of cities; the identification of the climate-related hazards and risks of reference urban contexts in Europe; the selection of the best available climate-resilient solutions to strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity of cities; and the development of a climate-resilient cooling action plan and a decision-support tool for the sustainable development of urban planning policies. The project’s core research is divided into five work packages (WP). WP1 develops a bottom-up evaluation workflow of urban contexts facing climate change scenarios. WP2 validates this methodology thought data collection in two representative urban case studies in the United Kingdom and Spain. WP3 evaluates the heat vulnerabilities and climate risks of representative urban contexts. WP4 carries out a parametric analysis of resilient cooling strategies to highlight the best available solutions under climate change scenarios. Finally, WP5 uses the collected results to develop a tool to support the climate-resilient pathway by policymakers and authorities. The results will derive in context-specific policy recommendations and how governments can best incentivise, govern and regulate low-carbon and effective resilient cooling chains, improving urban planning policies, building standards and guidelines in order to ensure the health and wellbeing of citizens.
PROPINA ENTRE DÁDIVA O BENEFICIO: FACTORES DETERMINANTES EN UN CONTEXTO FRONTERIZO

Tipping has become a unilateral gratification paid by the client reciprocating the service provider for a good service, to a moral obligation to a service that sometimes does not comply with quality standards. Even though it is true that in some countries the tip is mandatory based on a percentage of the account payable, regardless of the service received, in other countries it is not. However, in countries like Mexico it is customary to pay it based on a percentage and sometimes this percentage depends on the quality of the service received. Mexican legislation does not make tipping mandatory, but the border areas live in a mix of Mexican and American cultures and traditions, making tips a percentage of the consumption.
Culture heritage in danger: archaeology and communities in sicily during the second world war (1940–45)

This multidisciplinary, innovative project investigates antiquities in the Second World War context in Sicily (1940–45). The island’s cultural and archaeological heritage was under major threat from Allied bombing, landing and military occupation. The project pursues to reconstruct contexts and social networks involving the national and military authorities, archaeologists and local communities, acting and ‘clashing’ in a state of war and emergency. In particular, our research aims:

a) to investigate how national, local civilian and military authorities dealt with the discoveries of archaeological finds in the area from construction of military structures by the Regio Esercito Italiano and Allied forces to the protection of antiquities;
b) to reveal how the war impacted on the cities and their populations and to reconstruct contexts and social networks involving the national and military authorities, archaeologists and local communities, acting and ‘clashing’ in a state of war and emergency;
c) to contextualise Sicilian archaeology in the wider European stage, comparing Sicily with other European contexts, where advancing war operations imposed exceptional measures to protect culture heritage (e.g. Belgium, France, UK, etc.).

In terms of methodology, all archival and archaeological data will be assessed to obtain a full historical reconstruction of events, conveyed into a GIS and published through a book and two papers. Targeted surveys would be also beneficial to trace evidence and remains of bunkers and camps at some Sicilian sites.

Our inquiry, which fully fits into the remarkable methodological pluralism of Ghent, is strongly interdisciplinary, because it embraces various subjects. They merge together in a fuller historical reconstruction and will therefore benefit historians, archaeologists, art historians and social studies experts, who are jointly interested in inspecting novel data on Sicilian antiquities, local communities and war contexts in the 1940s
FULL ROLL FINGERPRINT APPARATUS

As a live finger (F) is rolled across a glass platen (26) in an optical scan fingerprint apparatus, a series of lights (25) turn on and off to demarcate the line along the platen (26) at which the optical scan is being taken. In this fashion, the finger (F) applied to the platen (26) can be rotated across the platen (26) at a rate that keeps sufficient track with the scan to provide a complete (nail-to-nail) full roll scan.
Artificial intelligence for optimal contract management and enhanced legal teams' collaboration

Legal services are key for EU economy (~1% GDP), and digital innovation is critical to overcome technical challenges and fully exploit business opportunities in the sector. The novel fixed-fee tendency forces legal companies to optimize in efficiency, focusing their technical developments on automation, since 30-50% of their tasks may be automated. Within these, contract management is an ideal candidate for automation, since it shares a common structure, and represent a major source of revenues: 70% of enterprises' revenues are generated from contractual agreements. However, no IT tool today offers a high degree of automation, and 71% of legal professionals still manage contracts manually. Thus, the potential market is huge, and includes all Legal Service Providers (either law firms or in-house legal departments) commonly managing high volumes of legal documents.  IURIO overcomes current drawbacks of contract management by integrating the latest techniques in Artificial Intelligence, cloud-computing and data-encryption into a simple SW tool to (1) enable smart drafting of contracts and to (2) optimize legal parties' collaboration during the contracting process; all seamlessly integrated as a Microsoft Word add-on. In this way, IURIO eliminates repetitive tasks, reducing contracts drafting time by up to 90% and improving post-execution contract compliance by up to 90% (reducing on average 22.5% the financial risk due to poor contract management).  IURIO is already arising great interest: we are currently piloting in 2 Austrian law firms and count with the support of 14 international companies, key actors within the Central European legal-tech scene and some of the most innovative German-speaking law and technical universities.  In this sense, we expect a major impact upon commercialization, reaching accumulated profits of €14.46M by 2026 and growing our team in over 100 people.
Theoretical Features of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and its Influence to Economic Growth

There are numerous positive effects of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) influencing on both the micro and macro levels. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze management approaches to attract FDI. This study is aimed to offer a basis for future empirical investigation into FDI attraction and FDI intentions at the structural level. FDI influences significantly on the economic growth of the host country and the constancy of its macroeconomic performance. A methodical approach providing a solid base for empirical research is defined. In this systematic approach, research design, measurement tool development, data collection and preparation are included.
Antenna elicitation and behavioral responses of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, to allyl cinnamate

Female sex pheromones have been used in pest control since the 90s; attracting males to baited traps (mass-trapping and monitoring) or avoiding (or reducing) mating in fields under mating disruption. By contrast, little is done among the use of male sex pheromones in pest control. Allyl cinnamate was evaluated as potential oriental fruit moth (Grapholita molesta, Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) behaviour modifier, after recording positive electroantenographical responses in both male and female moths. Females over-responded in front of sources of allyl cinnamate at short distances, and both male and female showed typical pre-mating behavioural responses at mid-distances (in a wind tunnel). Males responded showing its hair-pencils and wing fanning and females started with wing fanning, curling abdomen and locating postion opposite the source of allyl cinnamate. The same effect was observed in front of trans-ethylcinnamate, the main component of G. molesta male sex pheromone. Results here indicate a putative role of male sex pheromones (or chemically related compounds as allyl cinnamate) in oriental fruit moth integrated pest control. Understanding the role of male sex pheromones and chemically related compounds could help in the development of new pest control strategies.

	 

	Key words: Electroantennography (EAG), male sex pheromone, allyl ester, trans-ethyl cinnamate, wind-tunnel, behaviour modifier.
Radiological characteristics of the calcaneal spurs in psoriatic arthritis.

Inflammation at the entheses is a distinguishing feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Enthesitis at the heel is the most common location at the Achilles and plantar fascia insertions on the calcaneus. This study aimed to 1) describe the morphological features and measurements of plantar calcaneal spurs in subjects with PsA and controls and 2) determine radiological features that differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory calcaneal spurs.Weight bearing lateral foot radiographs of 101 subjects with PsA and 38 control subjects without inflammatory arthritis were examined for plantar calcaneal and Achilles spurs. Three measurements were taken from each radiograph: plantar spur base, mid-segment, and length in millimeters. The differences in radiographic measurements, and the presence of fluffy periostitis of the plantar spurs were then compared between PsA patients and controls.Of the 101 subjects with PsA, 76 (75%) had at least one plantar calcaneal spur and 32 (31.5%) had at least one Achilles tendon spur, compared to 18 (47%) and 3 (8%) respectively in control group (p=0.004). Fluffy plantar periostitis was identified in 14 PsA subjects and none of the controls (p=0.01). The dimensions of plantar spurs were significantly different between groups - longer mid-segment distinguished patients with PsA from controls.Calcaneal spurs are more common in subjects with PsA than controls. Longer mid-segment measurement was associated with PsA. This study indicates that the presence of fluffy plantar periostitis and broad based and longer mid-segment dimensions are radiological features for inflammatory spurs.
Experimental testing of some types of biologically degradable materials for processing in the SBM mechanical plant for hydrothermal treatment

The SBM (stabiliser of biomass) mechanical plant model is designed for the hydrothermal treatment of biologically degradable materials with using the principle of thermal hydrolysis. The primary task of this equipment is to subject biologically degradable materials to hydrothermal treatment and to recover the materials for a further use or to eliminate them. These entities could use the mechanical plant for economic and environment-friendly methods of handling biologically degradable wastes or materials. The objective of the experiment with various types of biologically degradable materials was to establish the level for the transformation of input characteristics of tested materials after conversion in the SBM mechanical plant and to assess the suitability of the processing by using this method with respect to the use of the final product. Materials tested in the first experiments included stable manure heated or unheated during the processing and maize silage wastes in mixture with wood chips.
"I Know What Has to Happen": Tragedy, Mourning, and Melancholia in Medea

This chapter explores how Medea (1988), von Trier’s version of Euripides’ play, engages with a modern politics of tragedy. In particular, it argues that von Trier uses the tragic script to explore questions of agency and sovereignty. Medea is a television adaptation based on a film script by Carl Theodor Dreyer—somehow retaining its tragic form despite von Trier’s professed disinterest in tragedy. By bringing von Trier into dialogue with Freud, Schmitt, and Kierkegaard, the chapter explores the dialectic between melancholia and responsibility that gives voice to his distinctive tragic politics. As such, von Trier both resists and embraces this tragic script and in the process reveals his insights into sovereignty and subjectivity.
Two-Echelon Supply Chain Decision Model with Price-and-Carbon-Emission Dependent Demand

As consumers’ environmental awareness is growing, the impact of carbon emission on the demand is increasingly apparent. Based on price-and-carbon-emission dependent demand, we construct a two-echelon decision model consists of a manufacturer and a retailer. In this model, the manufacturer decides the wholesale price and emissions per unit of output produced, while the retailer decides the retail price and order quantity. We solve the model under the centralized and decentralized scenarios respectively, and based on centralized decision-making mode we propose a coordination contract that can achieve the Pareto improvement of two margin’s profit. Through numerical examples we find that as the impact of carbon emission on demand increases, the strategies of both the manufacturer and retailer change obviously, we also validate the effectiveness of the contract.
Understanding trends in lithium binding at two-dimensional materials

Layered structure and peculiar electronic properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials foster the concept of utilizing them as main components of lithium-ion batteries. Understanding basic physical mechanisms governing the interaction of Li with 2D crystals is of key importance to succeeding in a rational design of cathode and anode materials with superior functionalities. In this study density functional theory was applied to reveal the microscopic picture of Li interaction with 15 2D crystals, including several transition metal oxides and dichalcogenides, carbides of Group XIV elements, functionalized graphene, silicene, and germanene, as well as black phosphorus and ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}\mathrm{C}$ MXene. We found that the general trend in Li binding can be estimated from positions of conduction band minima of 2D materials, since the energy of the lowest empty electronic states shows a nice correlation with the strength of Li adsorption. At variance to the majority of studied surfaces where the electron transferred from Li is spread across the substrate, in monolayers of carbides of Group XIV elements the interaction with Li and the charge transfer are well localized. This gives rise to their capability to accommodate Li structures with a nearly constant binding energy of alkaline atoms over Li coverages ranging from well-separated adatoms to a full monolayer.
Functional analysis of ribosome heterogeneity during zebrafish embryogenesis

The process of embryogenesis involves coordinated changes in gene expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. In zebrafish, translation at early stages of embryo development relies on maternal, oocyte-derived ribosomes which are completely replaced by newly synthesized somatic ribosomes within 5 days after fertilization. Strikingly, preliminary data obtained in the Pauli lab suggest that maternal and somatic ribosomes diverge not only in rRNA content but also in protein composition and structure. Despite their heterogeneity, potential differences in the function of maternal and somatic ribosomes remain unknown. The dual ribosomal system present in zebrafish embryos thus provides a unique, powerful tool to address the controversial idea regarding the existence of ‘specialized ribosomes’ having distinct functions in translation.

In the proposed research project, I will investigate the regulatory potential of maternal and somatic ribosomes during zebrafish embryogenesis. To this end, I will analyze the translational activities of maternal and somatic ribosomes by determining substrate specificity, preferred mRNA features (sequence and length) and kinetics of translation. In addition, I will study the regulation of ribosomal degradation during embryogenesis in order to understand how and why the maternal ribosomal machinery is turned-over despite the high energy cost associated with making a new set of ribosomes. To accomplish these aims, I will combine diverse state-of-the-art methodologies, including in vivo and in vitro translation assays, biochemical ribosome purification techniques, SLAM-seq, and molecular and genetic studies in zebrafish. The results obtained have the potential to reveal novel regulatory mechanisms acting during vertebrate embryogenesis and will help to pinpoint the functional significance of heterogeneous ribosomes.
Geographic distribution of metabolic syndrome and its components in the general adult population: A meta-analysis of global data from 28 million individuals

Better knowledge of the global metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence and its components is a prerequisite to curb the related burden.We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge, Africa Journal Online, Global Index Medicus up to May 23, 2021. Prevalence pooling was done with a random-effects meta-analysis.In total, 1,129 prevalence data (28,193,768 participants) were included. The MetS global prevalence varied from 12.5% (95 %CI: 10.2-15.0) to 31.4% (29.8-33.0) according to the definition considered. The prevalence was significantly higher in Eastern Mediterranean Region and Americas and increased with country's level of income. The global prevalence was 45.1% (95 %CI: 42.1-48.2) for ethnic-specific central obesity, 42.6% (40.3-44.9) for systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg, 40.2% (37.8-42.5) for HDL-cholesterol < 1.03 for men or < 1.29 mmol/L for women, 28.9% (27.4-30.5) for serum triglycerides ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, and 24.5% (22.5-26.6) for fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L.This study reveals that MetS and its related cardiometabolic components are highly prevalent worldwide. This study calls for more aggressive and contextualized public health interventions to tackle these conditions.