SIRIS-Lab/unlabelled-sti-corpus huggingface dataset:
The contributions to long-term health-relevant particulate matter at the UK EMEP supersites between 2010 and 2013: Quantifying the mitigation challenge

Human health burdens associated with long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) are substantial. The metrics currently recommended by the World Health Organization for quantification of long-term health-relevant PM are the annual average PM10 and PM2.5 mass concentrations, with no low concentration threshold. However, within an annual average, there is substantial variation in the composition of PM associated with different sources. To inform effective mitigation strategies, therefore, it is necessary to quantify the conditions that contribute to annual average PM10 and PM2.5 (rather than just short-term episodic concentrations). PM10, PM2.5, and speciated water-soluble inorganic, carbonaceous, heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon components are concurrently measured at the two UK European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) 'supersites' at Harwell (SE England) and Auchencorth Moss (SE Scotland). In this work, statistical analyses of these measurements are integrated with air-mass back trajectory data to characterise the 'chemical climate' associated with the long-term health-relevant PM metrics at these sites. Specifically, the contributions from different PM concentrations, months, components and geographic regions are detailed. The analyses at these sites provide policy-relevant conclusions on mitigation of (i) long-term health-relevant PM in the spatial domain for which these sites are representative, and (ii) the contribution of regional background PM to long-term health-relevant PM. At Harwell the mean (±1 sd) 2010-2013 annual average concentrations were PM10=16.4±1.4μgm(-3) and PM2.5=11.9±1.1μgm(-3) and at Auchencorth PM10=7.4±0.4μgm(-3) and PM2.5=4.1±0.2μgm(-3). The chemical climate state at each site showed that frequent, moderate hourly PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations (defined as approximately 5-15μgm(-3) for PM10 and PM2.5 at Harwell and 5-10μgm(-3) for PM10 at Auchencorth) determined the magnitude of annual average PM10 and PM2.5 to a greater extent than the relatively infrequent high, episodic PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. These moderate PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were derived across the range of chemical components, seasons and air-mass pathways, in contrast to the highest PM concentrations which tended to associate with specific conditions. For example, the largest contribution to moderate PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations - the secondary inorganic aerosol components, specifically NO3(-) - were accumulated during the arrival of trajectories traversing the spectrum of marine, UK, and continental Europe areas. Mitigation of the long-term health-relevant PM impact in the regions characterised by these two sites requires multilateral action, across species (and hence source sectors), both nationally and internationally; there is no dominant determinant of the long-term PM metrics to target.
Synthesis of N4-(substituted phenyl)-N4-alkyl/desalkyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indole-2,4-diamines and identification of new microtubule disrupting compounds that are effective against multidrug resistant cells

A series of fourteen N(4)-(substituted phenyl)-N(4)-alkyl/desalkyl-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indole-2,4-diamines was synthesized as potential microtubule targeting agents. The synthesis involved a Fisher indole cyclization of 2-amino-6-hydrazinylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one with cyclohexanone, followed by oxidation, chlorination and displacement with appropriate anilines. Compounds 6, 14 and 15 had low nanomolar potency against MDA-MB-435 tumor cells and depolymerized microtubules. Compound 6 additionally had nanomolar GI(50) values against 57 of the NCI 60-tumor panel cell lines. Mechanistic studies showed that 6 inhibited tubulin polymerization and [(3)H]colchicine binding to tubulin. The most potent compounds were all effective in cells expressing P-glycoprotein or the βIII isotype of tubulin, which have been associated with clinical drug resistance. Modeling studies provided the potential interactions of 6, 14 and 15 within the colchicine site.
IGP-as-a-backup for robust SDN networks

One of the main concerns on SDN is relative to its ability to quickly react to network failures, while limiting both the control-plane overhead and the additional forwarding state kept by data-plane devices. Despite its practical importance, this concern is often overlooked in OpenFlow-based proposals. In this paper, we propose a new architecture, called IBSDN, in which a distributed routing protocol flanks OpenFlow to improve network robustness, reaction to failures, and controller scalability. In deeply exploring this idea, we complement our architecture with data-plane triggered mechanisms that improve its efficiency. We prove that the resulting solution ensures robustness for any combination of topological failures, and quickly reduces the path stretch. Finally, experimenting with a prototype implementation, we show that our approach is practical and overcomes the main limitations of previous work.
WORKING MACHINE

A floor mat arranged in a working machine includes a floor portion, a wall portion arranged on a circumferential portion of the floor portion, and an opening portion arranged on a part of a connecting portion of the wall portion, the connecting portion connecting to the floor portion. The floor mat includes a mat main body arranged on the floor portion, a covering portion configured to cover the opening portion, and an connecting portion configured to connect the covering portion flexibly to a circumferential portion of the mat main body.
Automatic Facial Expression Recognition in an Image Sequence of Non-Manual Indian Sign Language Using Support Vector Machine

Sign Language is one of the prime applications of facial expression recognition system. It is an easy task for a human being to identify the expression of a person in a particular image sequence but not many efficient fully automated systems are available to perform this task. Lot of work has been done to automate the recognition system for many sign languages like Turkish Sign Language (TSL) [2], American Sign Language (ASL) [3], Chinese Sign Language (CSL) [4] etc. But rare effort has been done for any of the Indian Sign Language (ISL). Therefore, in this paper, a large video data set of Indian Sign Language (ISL) is prepared consisting of some of the expressions. Further, an automatic facial expression recognition system is developed to identify the expressions performed in these videos. Also same algorithm is run on the Turkish sign language data set provided by Aran et al. [2] and a comparison is provided between these two dataset.
The Obstacles and Financial Risks Facing Investment in Islamic Banks and Ways of Addressing them

There is no doubt that the banking operations are ingredients of human societies life, and a basic element for it , as well as the banking operations consider an effective economic given , Nowadays the bank is necessary for the modern life, it is not only a luxury cultural or scientific achievement, but has become an effective factor to the civilian life, and the life do not go on without the existence of banks, So the Islamic banks have come in response to requisite the economic, social and contractual life of Muslims, and the main aim of these banks is to apply the law of God in the banking and financial transactions in the Islamic societies, and already these banks have face obstacles and financial risks which especially facing by the investment in these banks.Our modest research which entitles (obstacles and financial risks that facing the investment in the Islamic banks - and ways of treating them – )has come to study the most important obstacles and risks, and seek to find solutions to the obstacles and risks in order to success the banking operations in the Islamic banks .The scientific material of the research distributed into three demands , first: - dedicated to study the concept of risk linguistically and doctrinal and economically, and we are studying in the second demand :- the most important obstacles and financial risks which face the investment in the Islamic bank, and the third demand comes to introduce the proposed solutions for the risks and financial obstacles which facing the investment in the Islamic banks , with stating the most important results and recommendations of the research.
Application of oscillation for efficiency improvement of continuous ethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae under very-high-gravity conditions

Compared with steady state, oscillation in continuous very-high-gravity ethanol fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae improved process productivity, which was thus introduced for the fermentation system composed of a tank fermentor followed by four-stage packed tubular bioreactors. When the very-high-gravity medium containing 280 g l(-1) glucose was fed at the dilution rate of 0.04 h(-1), the average ethanol of 15.8% (v/v) and residual glucose of 1.5 g l(-1) were achieved under the oscillatory state, with an average ethanol productivity of 2.14 g h(-1) l(-1). By contrast, only 14.8% (v/v) ethanol was achieved under the steady state at the same dilution rate, and the residual glucose was as high as 17.1 g l(-1), with an ethanol productivity of 2.00 g h(-1) l(-1), indicating a 7% improvement under the oscillatory state. When the fermentation system was operated under the steady state at the dilution rate of 0.027 h(-1) to extend the average fermentation time to 88 h from 59 h, the ethanol concentration increased slightly to 15.4% (v/v) and residual glucose decreased to 7.3 g l(-1), correspondingly, but the ethanol productivity was decreased drastically to 1.43 g h(-1) l(-1), indicating a 48% improvement under the oscillatory state at the dilution rate of 0.04 h(-1).
Summary of: Investigation of inhalational conscious sedation as a tool for reducing anxiety in adults undergoing exodontia

Aim To determine whether adult patients' dental anxiety levels decrease following exodontia carried out under inhalational conscious sedation with nitrous oxide and oxygen (IHS) and local anaesthetic (LA). Design Retrospective analysis of pre- and post-operative modified dental anxiety score (MDAS) questionnaires completed by patients treated in a primary care oral surgery service between 21 July 2010 and 17 December 2010. Methodology 138 patients who had undergone exodontia were divided into three groups: moderate to severe anxiety (MDAS scores 11-25) treated under IHS and LA (n = 60), mild anxiety (MDAS scores 5-10) treated under IHS and LA (n = 43) and mixed anxiety (MDAS scores 5-15) treated under LA only (n = 35). The mean pre- and post-operative MDAS scores were analysed by means of one-tailed, paired t-tests. Results The moderate to severely anxious group treated under IHS and LA showed a statistically significant decrease of 3.68 between the mean pre- and post-operative MDAS scores (p = 0.000). The IHS mildly anxious group showed a decrease of 0.07 (p = 0.392) and the LA group showed a decrease of 0.23 (p = 0.227). Neither of these results were statistically significant. Conclusion These results support the use of IHS, to reduce anxiety of exodontia, in moderate to severely anxious adults undergoing minor oral surgery (MOS) procedures under LA in primary care oral surgery.
Promotion of tourist railway lines and historic trains

This project combines the charming historical tourist railways dating back from the second half of the 1800s and the early 1900s and the areas over which they cross. The latter offer historical and cultural value, a beautiful landscape and environment, hiking, sports and typical productions. Promoting the railways, attractions of the related areas and development opportunities for the very many micro, small and medium-sized enterprises of the tourism sector and those specialised in typical products are three challenges that the Regions of the Programme area have decided to address jointly. Infrastructure has always been a critical factor in development. TRENO intends to use this unique type of railway transport to attract more tourists from outside the cooperation area, even in less busy periods of the year. Thanks to these original attractions, increased demand can generate tourism development opportunities for the railway areas. It can improve the competitiveness of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises, which struggle to play a central role in the chain of innovative and sustainable tourism because they specialise in niche productions and thus risk remaining on the sidelines. Sharing experiences and strategies and developing a joint action plan to design targeted pilot actions will allow the partners to promote the historic railways. With the help of a little infrastructure, they will improve key locations valuable for their history, culture, landscape, environment, hiking, sports and typical products.
Modelling travellers’ risky choice in a revealed preference context: a comparison of EUT and non-EUT approaches

Recent work on risky choice modelling has sought to address the shortcomings of expected utility theory (EUT) by using non-expected utility theoretic (non-EUT) approaches. However, to date these approaches have been merely tested on stated choice data which is flexible and cheap. In this study, we empirically investigate the feasibility and validity of non-EUT approaches in a revealed preference (RP) context in which travel time distribution is extracted from observed historical travel time data, and subsequently present systematic comparisons between EUT, weighted utility theory, rank-dependent expected utility theory, and prospect theory (PT). The empirical evidence indicates that each non-EUT model has important behavioural insights to offer, moreover, EUT as well as non-EUT models can be applied to the RP context. However, the EUT and non-EUT model fits are generally similar with only PT providing a marginally improved model fit over EUT. The key findings presented in this study reinforce the importance of exploring non-EUT models within a revealed preference context before they can be applied reliably to modelling risky choices in the real world.
Trends in Urology Resident Exposure to Minimally Invasive Surgery for Index Procedures: A Tale of Two Countries

To interrogate case-log data for American and Canadian urology residents to define trends in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and open surgery and compare operative experiences between these 2 groups.Case-log data from 2004 to 2009 for American urology residents was compared with Canadian residents for 8 index cases, which are routinely performed in both an MIS and open approach. These included nephrectomy (donor, radical, simple, partial), prostatectomy (radical), adrenalectomy, pyeloplasty, and nephroureterectomy.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of MIS radical prostatectomies performed by American residents (11.2%-52%), compared with Canadian residents (0.74%-11.2%). There was also a significant increase in the percentage of MIS donor nephrectomies by Canadian residents (5.6%-68.7%), compared with American residents (70.1%-89.1%). For Canadian residents, exposure to the following 3 MIS procedures increased significantly over open approaches: adrenalectomy, radical prostatectomy, and donor nephrectomy. For American residents, all index procedures with the exception of adrenalectomy underwent a significant increasing trend (all p < 0.05).Trends for 8 index procedures confirm a continuing shift towards MIS for the majority of procedures in both countries. Differences may be only temporal and relate to dissimilar health care delivery models with a resultant lag in the adoption of laparoscopy and robotics in Canada. The impact of these trends upon ultimate surgical competence of graduates remains to be seen.
A BLEED STRUCTURE FOR A BLEED PASSAGE IN A GAS TURBINE ENGINE

The invention relates to a bleed structure (17) for a bleed passage in a gas turbine engine. The structure comprises a first wall portion (18) defining a first side of an opening for the passage, and a second wall portion (19) defining a second side, opposite the first side of the opening. The first and second wall portions (18; 19) end at different positions in an extension direction of the opening.
INSECTICIDAL PROTEINS

The invention relates to the use of lectins having specific mannose-binding ability and/or derived from Amaryllidaceae or Alliaceae for the control of insect pests. Transgenic plants containing and capable of expressing foreign genes coding for such lectins are also disclosed.
IMPROVING MARITIME TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY AND SAFETY IN THE ADRIATIC

INTESA project establishes a network among the National Maritime Administrations of Italy and Croatia and main port authorities of the Adriatic sea (Venice, Trieste, Ravenna, Ancona, Bari, Rijeka, Ploce and Split) with the scope of harmonizing and optimizing the procedures of the complete maritime transport process in order to make port and maritime transport system more efficient and safe. The project aims at optimizing the port procedure from unload of the cargo from the ship to the forward by train or truck, at optimizing the procedure to enter and exit from the port; at increasing port performances in bad weather conditions safeguarding safety and security requirements; at designing and implementing integrated ICT tool for the management and broadcast of the information on Maritime Safety to all ships en-route in the Adriatic Sea._x000D_
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Information added on 2020-05-18, regarding the mitigation of the effects of COVID-19 (the coronavirus pandemic that started in 2019) (English language only): _x000D_
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INTESA tackles the lack of integration of the IT and HR on monitoring maritime traffic in the Adriatic Sea._x000D_
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Covid-19 could bring supply chains to disruption and having an integrated monitoring system can positively impact both on security and safety tasks , as well as forecasting and planning mitigation measures.
On the Compatibility Between Biomass Fuel and Elastomer

The compatibilities, especially in swelling behaviors, between three kinds of automotive rubber seal rings and crude rice husk biomass fuel, distilled biomass fuel, and emulsified biomass fuel were studied in the present paper. The results showed that the elastomers presented variable swelling degrees as they were immersed in the fuels at 40°C for 7 days. Their mass and volume variations of nitrile-butadiene elastomer (NBR) and fluoro-elastomer (FKM) were bigger than those of silicone elastomer (SR) as they were immersed in the crude biomass fuel. Their NBR were 200.0% and 316.5%, respectively. FKM were 85.7% and 101.7%, respectively. In contrast to the distilled biomass fuel, the changes of mass and volume of FKM were 229.0% and 368.9%, respectively. For the emulsified biomass fuel, the changes of mass and volume of SR were 49.8% and 13.6%, respectively. The phenomena were ascribed to similar structures and groups between the varied biomass fuel and the different rubbers based on scanning electron micros...
The role of system description for conditionally automated vehicles

Abstract Objective We studied how system descriptions of conditionally driving vehicles (SAE International, 2014) influenced drivers' knowledge/mental model, trust, and acceptance. Background The increasing proliferation of assisted and conditionally automated vehicles urge a proper understanding of knowledge about, acceptance, and trust in the system. Up to now there is a lack of studies for automated systems and system knowledge which will be served in this study. Methods We provided N = 120 participants with correct, incomplete, and incorrect descriptions about the conditionally automated vehicle. Thereafter, they watched five video clips with different situations where the driver has to resume control of the driving task or do nothing. Immediately before such a situation, the videos were frozen and knowledge questions were asked according to the SAGAT method (Endsley, 1995). Further, trust and acceptance before and after watching videos were measured. Results The knowledge questions differed in groups for level 2 (comprehension) and level 3 (projection) of situation awareness (SA). The difference is significant for the groups in level 2 situation awareness (comprehension) with correct vs. incorrect and incomplete vs. incorrect descriptions. The overall trust in their answer behavior was the highest for the group with the correct description followed by the group with the incomplete description. Furthermore, trust and acceptance did not differ between groups and even not between measurement time (before vs. after watching videos). Conclusion An incorrect preliminary system description leads to an incorrect mental model which in turn leads to incorrect comprehension and projection of traffic situations. This effect can be minimized over time, but is relevant to the safety of the driver. Application Accurate system descriptions might reduce the number and the gravity of most accidents with conditionally automated systems in driving. Moreover, repeated exposure will reduce the possibility of accidents.
A Method to Isolate, Purify, and Characterize Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which demonstrate the capacity to generate cementum- and periodontal ligament-like structures in vivo. As such, PDLSCs represent a promising cell-based therapy in reconstructive dentistry for the treatment of periodontal disease. The present chapter describes two methods for isolating PDLSCs from human PDL tissue including traditional plastic adherence and immunomagnetic selection based on the expression of MSC-associated surface markers STRO-1 antigen, CD146 (MUC-18), CD29 (integrin beta-1), CD44, and CD106 (VCAM-1). Although no single antibody demonstrates specificity for MSCs, isolation based on the expression of individual markers results in homogeneous preparations of PDLSCs. Methods to further characterize the immunophenotype and multipotent capacity of PDLSCs to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblast- and cementoblast-like cells in vitro, and cementum- and periodontal ligament-like tissues in vivo are also described.
LEXiTRON-Pro Editor: An integrated tool for developing Thai pronunciation dictionary

Pronunciation dictionary is a crucial part for both Text-To-Speech and Automatic Speech Recognition systems. In this paper, we propose a tool to easily create and edit Thai pronunciation dictionary, called LEXiTRON-Pro Editor. This tool integrates Thai word segmentation, Thai Grapheme-to-Phoneme (G2P) conversion, and database system with statistics. It automatically proposes a word's pronunciation to users by 1 of the 3 options in the successive order: the pronunciation from LEXiTRON-Pro database, the pronunciation combined from syllables with highest probability, and the pronunciation from Thai G2P. However, users can switch to another option or even directly input their own pronunciation with an easy interface editor. Our LEXiTRON-Pro database contains initially 105,129 unique words and 24,736 unique syllables with pronunciations. Compared to the previous version, our new program can reduce the process of dictionary development from 5 to only 1 step and the number of tools used by linguists from 3 to only 1. Moreover, our experiment shows that the time consumption and the number of ungenerable words are significantly reduced while the pronunciation accuracy is considerably improved.