Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:  known as the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen (LLLL) — commonly known as the "Four Ls." The first local of this new organization was founded in Wheeler, Oregon on November 30, 1917. Lieutenant Maurice E. Crumpacker of the US Army Signal Corps was sent on the road to various lumber camps and mills of Washington and Oregon to administer a loyalty oath to the workers there, the sole act required for membership in the LLLL. These signed pledges read in part: I, the undersigned, ...do hereby solemnly pledge my efforts during the war to the United States of America and will support and defend this country against enemies foreign and domestic. I further swear...to 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:   The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen (LLLL), commonly known as the "Four L" (4L), was a company union found in the United States during World War I in 1917 by the War Department as a counter to the Industrial Workers of the World.
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:  Over time participation in the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen declined, replaced by other more aggressive labor organizations. The LLLL was finally terminated in 1938. The group is remembered by historians for the role it played in helping to end the major influence of the Industrial Workers of the World in the lumber industry of the Pacific Northwest. It was, as historian Robert L. Tyler has recalled, the "carrot" of ameliorative reform that accompanied the "stick" of violence and deportation used against the IWW in the Western timber industry: "The Loyal Legion...undercut the IWW quite effectively. In the summer of 1917, the IWW appeared to control an entire industry, but by the end of the war, the IWW was not only suppressed, it had been dispersed 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:  Beginning in March 1918 the Spruce Production Division of the Army and the Loyal Legion published a magazine in Portland, Oregon called the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen Monthly Bulletin.
Title: Spruce Production Division
Content: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen Monthly Bulletin. Portland, OR: United States Army Signal Corps, Spruce Production Division, March 1918&ndash;January 1919. ; Cloice R. Howd, Industrial Relations in the West Coast Lumber Industry. Miscellaneous Series, Bulletin No. 349. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 1924. ; Harold M. Hyman, Soldiers and Spruce: Origins of the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen. Los Angeles: Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California, 1963. ; Edward B. Mittelman, "The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumberman – An Experiment in Industrial Relations," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 31 (June 1923), pp. 313–341. ; Claude W. Nichols, Jr., Brotherhood in the Woods: The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen: A 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:  the Woods: The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen: A Twenty Year Attempt at "Industrial Cooperation. PhD dissertation. Eugene, OR: University of Oregon, 1959. ; Cuthbert P. Stearns, History of the Spruce Production Division, United States Army and United States Spruce Production Corporation. Portland, OR: Press of Kilham Stationery & Printing Co., n.d. [c. 1919]. ; Charlotte Todes, Labor and Lumber. New York: International Publishers, 1931. ; Rod Crossley, Soldiers in the Woods ISBN: 978-0-9831977-1-3 [2014] ; Robert L. Tyler, "The United States Government as Union Organizer: The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen." Mississippi Valley Historical Review, vol. 47 (Dec. 1960), pp. 434–451. 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content: Cloice R. Howd, Industrial Relations in the West Coast Lumber Industry. Miscellaneous Series, Bulletin No. 349. Washington, DC: Bureau of Labor Statistics, US Department of Labor, 1924. ; Harold M. Hyman, Soldiers and Spruce: Origins of the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen. Los Angeles: Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California., 1963. ; Vernon H. Jensen, Lumber and Labor: Labor in Twentieth Century America. New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1945. ; Edward B. Mittelman, "The Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumberman — An Experiment in Industrial Relations," Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 31 (June 1923), pp. 313–341. ; Claude W. Nichols, Jr., Brotherhood 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:  union head Samuel Gompers's initial endorsement of the Loyal Legion. Organizers for the AF of L complained that the officer-organizers of the LLLL banned them from speaking, broke up union organizing meetings, and ejected them from the camps. In fact, most adherents of the IWW and the American Federation of Labor's Timber Workers Union seem to have ultimately joined the Loyal Legion, despite its status as a de facto "company union." An additional reason for the Loyal Legion's hegemony during the war related to its leading role on the issue of the 8-hour day — a major goal of American workers for decades. In February 1918 Col. Disque established a committee of 25 
Title: Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen
Content:   The LLLL, seen as a model institution of class collaboration, survived after the termination of World War I in November 1918 — having largely ameliorated the bitter strife between workers and capitalists that had swept the industry over previous years. The organization was seen as something of value by both sides of the production process. Two conventions were held in December 1918, one in Portland, participated in by the 8 districts of Western Oregon and Washington, and another in Spokane, including the four districts spread across the so-called Inland Empire of Central and Eastern Washington state. These conventions elected a new civilian board of executives and began the work of preparing a permanent constitution. The new constitution provided for annual conventions for each of the 12 districts, to which each local was to elect one worker delegate and one employer delegate. The 
Title: Brice Disque
Content:  lack of production of woods vital to the war effort, especially the spruce necessary for airplane production. Brice worked with local lumber barons to establish another union for the lumbermen, in an effort to get them to work eight-hour days. The first local of the Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen (Four L) was organized in Wheeler, Oregon on October 30, 1917. Several more locals were established in short order: by January 1, the Legion had 10,000 members; by January 24, 35,000. For his service with the Spruce Production Division, Disque was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. The Four L 

Question: In what country is Loyal Legion of Loggers and Lumbermen?
Answer: United States of America.
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