Title: List of prime ministers of Australia (graphical)
Content:  This timeline shows most of the early life, the political career and death of each prime minister of Australia from 1901. The first prime minister was Edmund Barton in the early 20th century. Unlike countries where the leader is elected directly to the highest political office of a separate executive, the prime minister must first establish a political career in the Australian Parliament and typically serves many years in the House of Representatives (or in the Senate as with John Gorton) before becoming Prime Minister, and in some cases for many years afterwards. Since 1901, all time in parliamentary service before being Prime Minister has been in the House of Representatives, apart from John Gorton's period as a member of the Government while in the Senate 1950-68. After becoming Prime Minister he was elected to the House by winning a by-election.
Title: Prime Minister of Australia
Content: Federation occurred on 1 January 1901, but elections for the first parliament were not scheduled until late March. In the interim, an unelected caretaker government was necessary. In what is now known as the Hopetoun Blunder, the governor-general, Lord Hopetoun, invited Sir William Lyne, the premier of the most populous state, New South Wales, to form a government. Lyne was unable to do so and returned his commission in favour of Edmund Barton, who became the first prime minister and led the inaugural government into and beyond the election. ; During the second parliament, three parties (Free Trade, Protectionist and Labor) 
Title: List of prime ministers of Australia
Content: Political parties 
Title: History of Australia
Content:  The Commonwealth of Australia was proclaimed by the Governor-General, Lord Hopetoun on 1 January 1901, and Barton was sworn in as Australia's first prime minister. The first Federal elections were held in March 1901 and resulted in a narrow plurality for the Protectionist Party over the Free Trade Party with the Australian Labor Party (ALP) polling third. Labor declared it would support the party which offered concessions to its program, and Barton's Protectionists formed a government, with Deakin as Attorney-General. The Immigration Restriction Act 1901 was one of the first laws passed by the new Australian parliament. This centrepiece of the White Australia policy aimed to extend the restrictions on the immigration of Asians 
Title: List of prime ministers of Australia
Content:  Thirty people have served as Prime Minister of Australia since the office was created in 1901. The parties shown are those to which the prime ministers belonged at the time they held office, and the electoral divisions shown are those they represented while in office. Several prime ministers belonged to parties other than those given and represented other electorates before and after their time in office. Since the office was established in 1901, 29 men and one woman have served as prime minister. Robert Menzies and Kevin Rudd served two non-consecutive terms in office while Alfred Deakin and Andrew Fisher served three non-consecutive terms; the 30th and current 
Title: List of prime ministers of Australia by time in office
Content: Parties 
Title: Gough Whitlam
Content:  Edward Gough Whitlam (11 July 1916 – 21 October 2014) was the 21st prime minister of Australia, serving from 1972 to 1975. The longest-serving leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), he was removed as prime minister after controversially being dismissed by the governor-general of Australia, Sir John Kerr, at the climax of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. Whitlam is the only Australian prime minister to have been removed from office in this manner. Whitlam served as an air navigator in the Royal Australian Air Force for four years during World War II, and worked as a barrister following the war. He was first elected to the Australian House of Representatives in 1952, becoming a member of parliament (MP) for the division of 
Title: Records of prime ministers of Australia
Content: Chris Watson ; George Reid ; Alfred Deakin (second and third tenures) ; Andrew Fisher (first tenure) Alfred Deakin (first tenure) ; Stanley Bruce ; Robert Menzies (first tenure) ; Arthur Fadden ; Ben Chifley ; John Gorton Billy Hughes ; Harold Holt Earle Page ; Frank Forde ; John McEwen John Curtin William McMahon ; Paul Keating ; Julia Gillard ; Kevin Rudd ; Malcolm Turnbull ; Scott Morrison Malcolm Fraser Nearly all (24) prime ministers of Australia have held the office at some point during their tenure without the mandate from an election. This is a common occurrence due to the parliamentary and party systems in Australia, when the position is often made vacant 
Title: Prime Minister of Australia
Content:  The prime minister of Australia is the head of government and chief minister of the crown of Australia. The prime minister is the leader of the executive branch of the federal government of Australia and is also accountable to federal parliament under the principles of responsible government. The post is usually held by the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives. The incumbent prime minister is Scott Morrison, who took office in August 2018 as leader of the Liberal Party. Formally appointed by the governor-general, the office of the prime minister is governed by Westminster system convention as it is not described in the Australian constitution. To become prime minister, 
Title: Human rights in Australia
Content:  As mentioned above Women's suffrage was granted in 1902 and property rights in 1897. The first woman elected to any Australian Parliament was Edith Cowan, to the West Australian Legislative Assembly in 1921. Dame Enid Lyons, in the Australian House of Representatives and Senator Dorothy Tangney became the first women in the Federal Parliament in 1943. In 1971, Senator Neville Bonner became the first Aboriginal Australian to sit in the federal Parliament. Rosemary Follett was elected Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory in 1989, becoming the first woman elected to lead a state or territory. In 2010, Julia Gillard became the first female Prime Minister of Australia.  By 2010, the people of Australia's oldest 

Question: when was the first australian prime minister elected?
Answer: Sir Edmund Barton.
1901.