Council Directive 2011/96/EU of 30 November 2011 on the common system of taxation applicable in the case of parent companies and subsidiaries of different Member States (recast)
Date: 2011-11-30

num: Article 1
paragraphs: 1. Each Member State shall apply this Directive:
(a)
to distributions of profits received by companies of that Member State which come from their subsidiaries of other Member States;
(b)
to distributions of profits by companies of that Member State to companies of other Member States of which they are subsidiaries;
(c)
to distributions of profits received by permanent establishments situated in that Member State of companies of other Member States which come from their subsidiaries of a Member State other than that where the permanent establishment is situated;
(d)
to distributions of profits by companies of that Member State to permanent establishments situated in another Member State of companies of the same Member State of which they are subsidiaries.
2. This Directive shall not preclude the application of domestic or agreement-based provisions required for the prevention of fraud or abuse.
num: Article 2
paragraphs: For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions shall apply:
(a)
‘company of a Member State’ means any company which:
(i)
takes one of the forms listed in Annex I, Part A;
(ii)
according to the tax laws of a Member State is considered to be resident in that Member State for tax purposes and, under the terms of a double taxation agreement concluded with a third State, is not considered to be resident for tax purposes outside the Union;
(iii)
moreover, is subject to one of the taxes listed in Annex I, Part B, without the possibility of an option or of being exempt, or to any other tax which may be substituted for any of those taxes;
(b)
‘permanent establishment’ means a fixed place of business situated in a Member State through which the business of a company of another Member State is wholly or partly carried on in so far as the profits of that place of business are subject to tax in the Member State in which it is situated by virtue of the relevant bilateral tax treaty or, in the absence of such a treaty, by virtue of national law.
num: Article 3
paragraphs: 1. For the purposes of applying this Directive:
(a)
the status of parent company shall be attributed:
(i)
at least to a company of a Member State which fulfils the conditions set out in Article 2 and has a minimum holding of 10 % in the capital of a company of another Member State fulfilling the same conditions;
(ii)
under the same conditions, to a company of a Member State which has a minimum holding of 10 % in the capital of a company of the same Member State, held in whole or in part by a permanent establishment of the former company situated in another Member State;
(b)
‘subsidiary’ means that company the capital of which includes the holding referred to in point (a).
2. By way of derogation from paragraph 1, Member States shall have the option of:
(a)
replacing, by means of bilateral agreement, the criterion of a holding in the capital by that of a holding of voting rights;
(b)
not applying this Directive to companies of that Member State, which do not maintain for an uninterrupted period of at least 2 years holdings qualifying them as parent companies, or to those of their companies in which a company of another Member State does not maintain such a holding for an uninterrupted period of at least 2 years.
num: Article 4
paragraphs: 1. Where a parent company or its permanent establishment, by virtue of the association of the parent company with its subsidiary, receives distributed profits, the Member State of the parent company and the Member State of its permanent establishment shall, except when the subsidiary is liquidated, either:
(a)
refrain from taxing such profits; or
(b)
tax such profits while authorising the parent company and the permanent establishment to deduct from the amount of tax due that fraction of the corporation tax related to those profits and paid by the subsidiary and any lower-tier subsidiary, subject to the condition that at each tier a company and its lower-tier subsidiary fall within the definitions laid down in Article 2 and meet the requirements provided for in Article 3, up to the limit of the amount of the corresponding tax due.
2. Nothing in this Directive shall prevent the Member State of the parent company from considering a subsidiary to be fiscally transparent on the basis of that Member State’s assessment of the legal characteristics of that subsidiary arising from the law under which it is constituted and therefore from taxing the parent company on its share of the profits of its subsidiary as and when those profits arise. In this case the Member State of the parent company shall refrain from taxing the distributed profits of the subsidiary.
When assessing the parent company’s share of the profits of its subsidiary as they arise the Member State of the parent company shall either exempt those profits or authorise the parent company to deduct from the amount of tax due that fraction of the corporation tax related to the parent company’s share of profits and paid by its subsidiary and any lower-tier subsidiary, subject to the condition that at each tier a company and its lower-tier subsidiary fall within the definitions laid down in Article 2 and meet the requirements provided for in Article 3, up to the limit of the amount of the corresponding tax due.
3. Each Member State shall retain the option of providing that any charges relating to the holding and any losses resulting from the distribution of the profits of the subsidiary may not be deducted from the taxable profits of the parent company.
Where the management costs relating to the holding in such a case are fixed as a flat rate, the fixed amount may not exceed 5 % of the profits distributed by the subsidiary.
4. Paragraphs 1 and 2 shall apply until the date of effective entry into force of a common system of company taxation.
5. The Council, acting unanimously in accordance with a special legislative procedure and after consulting the European Parliament and the Economic and Social Committee, shall, at the appropriate time, adopt the rules to apply as from the date of effective entry into force of a common system of company taxation.
num: Article 5
paragraphs: Profits which a subsidiary distributes to its parent company shall be exempt from withholding tax.
num: Article 6
paragraphs: The Member State of a parent company may not charge withholding tax on the profits which such a company receives from a subsidiary.
num: Article 7
paragraphs: 1. The term ‘withholding tax’ as used in this Directive shall not cover an advance payment or prepayment (précompte) of corporation tax to the Member State of the subsidiary which is made in connection with a distribution of profits to its parent company.
2. This Directive shall not affect the application of domestic or agreement-based provisions designed to eliminate or lessen economic double taxation of dividends, in particular provisions relating to the payment of tax credits to the recipients of dividends.
num: Article 8
paragraphs: 1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations, and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive as from 18 January 2012. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
When Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.
2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive together with a correlation table between them and this Directive.
num: Article 9
paragraphs: Directive 90/435/EEC, as amended by the acts listed in Annex II, Part A, is repealed, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time limits for transposition into national law of the Directives set out in Annex II, Part B.
References to the repealed Directive shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex III.
num: Article 10
paragraphs: This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.