Electoral Reform Act 2022
Acts of the Oireachtas
Source: Acts of the Oireachtas

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paragraphs: (1) This Act may be cited as the Electoral Reform Act 2022.
(2) The Electoral Acts 1992 to 2019 and sections 6 to 30 , 41 to 59 , 61 to 69 , 72 , 77 to 114 and 173 may be cited together as the Electoral Acts 1992 to 2022 and shall be construed together as one.
(3) The European Parliament Elections Acts 1992 to 2019 and sections 75 , 115 and 176 may be cited together as the European Parliament Elections Acts 1992 to 2022 and shall be construed together as one.
(4) The Referendum Acts 1992 to 2013 and sections 31 to 40 , 117 and 174 may be cited together as the Referendum Acts 1992 to 2022 and shall be construed together as one.
(5) This Act shall come into operation on such day or days as the Minister may appoint by order or orders either generally or with reference to any particular purpose or provision and different days may be so appointed for different purposes or different provisions, and for the repeal of different provisions of enactments effected by section 4 .
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paragraphs: In this Act—
“Act of 1992” means the Electoral Act 1992 ;
“Act of 1993” means the Presidential Elections Act 1993 ;
“Act of 1994” means the Referendum Act 1994 ;
“Act of 1997” means the European Parliament Elections Act 1997 ;
“Act of 2001” means the Local Government Act 2001 ;
“Act of 2006” means the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2006 ;
“Act of 2014” means the Companies Act 2014 ;
“chairperson” means the chairperson of the Commission;
“chief executive” has the meaning assigned to it by section 21 ;
“Commission” means An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in established under section 8 ;
“DÃ¡il” means DÃ¡il Ãireann;
“DÃ¡il bye-election” means an election of a member of the DÃ¡il to fill a vacancy occasioned by a person having ceased to be a member of the DÃ¡il otherwise than in consequence of a dissolution;
“DÃ¡il election” means an election of a member or members to serve in the DÃ¡il, and includes a DÃ¡il bye-election;
“election” means, as the context may require, a DÃ¡il election, a European election, a local election, a presidential election or a Seanad election;
“enactment” has the same meaning as it has in the Interpretation Act 2005 ;
“European Communities” has the same meaning as it has in the European Communities Act 1972 ;
“European election” means an election in the State of members to the European Parliament;
“European political party” means a European political party established and registered with the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations in accordance with Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014;
“local election” means an election under Part 4 of the Act of 2001;
“Minister” means the Minister for Housing, Local Government and Heritage;
“political party” means a political party registered in the Register of Political Parties in accordance with Chapter 6 of Part 2;
“presidential election” means an election of a person to the office of President of Ireland;
“presidential elector” has the same meaning as it has in section 7 of the Act of 1992;
“referendum” means a constitutional referendum or an ordinary referendum;
“Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014” means Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 20141 on the statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations, as amended by—
(a) Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/673 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 May 20182 amending Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014 on the statute and funding of European political parties and European political foundations, and
(b) Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2019/493 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 March 20193 amending Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014 as regards a verification procedure related to infringements of rules on the protection of personal data in the context of elections to the European Parliament;
“Seanad bye-election” means an election of a member of Seanad Ãireann to fill a vacancy occasioned by the death, resignation or disqualification of an elected member of Seanad Ãireann;
“Seanad election” means an election of a member or members to serve in Seanad Ãireann and includes a Seanad bye-election.
1 OJ No. L 317, 4.11.2014, p. 1
2 OJ No. L 114, 4.5.2018, p. 1
3 OJ No. L 85, 27.3.2019, p. 7
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paragraphs: The Commission may, by order, prescribe such period as it considers appropriate to be an election campaign period in relation to any election or referendum and different periods may be prescribed in relation to different elections or different referendums.
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paragraphs: (1) The following provisions of the Act of 1992 are repealed:
(a) section 13A;
(b) section 13C;
(c) section 14A;
(d) section 15;
(e) section 15A;
(f) section 15B;
(g) section 16;
(h) section 25;
(i) section 25A;
(j) section 25B;
(k) section 25C;
(l) section 85.
(2) Section 19 of the Act of 2006 is repealed.
(3) Sections 5 to 15 of the Electoral Act 1997 are repealed.
(4) The Referendum Act 1998 is repealed.
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paragraphs: The expenses incurred by the Minister in the administration of this Act shall, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, be paid out of monies provided by the Oireachtas.
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paragraphs: In this Part—
“accounting unit”, in relation to a political party, means a branch, including the headquarters of a political party if it is a separate accounting unit or other subsidiary organisation of the party, which in any particular year, receives a donation the value of which exceeds €100;
“Act of 1991” means the Local Government Act 1991 ;
“approved body” means a body declared by the Commission to be an approved body under section 33 ;
“ballot paper” has the meaning assigned to it by section 88 of the Act of 1992;
“committee” means a committee established under section 15 ;
“constituency” means, as the context may require, a DÃ¡il constituency or a European Parliament constituency;
“electoral register”—
(a) means the register of presidential electors, the register of DÃ¡il electors, the register of European electors, the register of local government electors or all such registers as the context may require, and
(b) where the context so requires, includes the postal voters list and the special voters list;
“establishment day” means the day appointed under section 7 ;
“European elector” has the meaning assigned to it by section 2 of the Act of 1992;
“excluded day” means a day which is a Sunday, Good Friday or a day which is a public holiday within the meaning of the Organisation of Working Time Act 1997 , or a day which by virtue of a statute or proclamation is a public holiday;
“Joint Oireachtas Committee” means the Joint Oireachtas Committee on Housing, Local Government and Heritage;
“local authority” means a local authority within the meaning of section 2 of the Act of 2001;
“local electoral area” means an area referred to in section 23 of the Act of 2001 by reference to which a local election is held;
“local government elector” has the meaning assigned to it by section 2 of the Act of 1992;
“local returning officer” has the meaning assigned to it by section 15 of the Act of 1994;
“postal voters list” has the meaning assigned to it by section 2 of the Act of 1992;
“presiding officer” means a person appointed as a presiding officer under section 95 of the Act of 1992;
“recognised accountancy body” means a body granted recognition or deemed to have been granted recognition under section 930 of the Act of 2014;
“referendum returning officer” has the same meaning as it has in section 14 of the Act of 1994;
“Register of Political Parties” shall be construed in accordance with section 41 ;
“responsible person” means, in relation to an accounting unit, the treasurer or any other person responsible for dealing with donations to the unit, or, in relation to a third party, the person or persons responsible for the organisation, management or financial affairs of the third party;
“returning officer” has the meaning assigned to it by Part V of the Act of 1992;
“Service” means the Public Appointments Service;
“special voters list” has the meaning assigned to it by section 2 of the Act of 1992;
“treaties governing the European Union” has the same meaning as in the European Communities Acts 1972 to 2012;
“third party” has the meaning assigned to it by section 22 (2)(aa) of the Electoral Act 1997 .
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paragraphs: The Minister shall, by order, appoint a day to be the establishment day for the purposes of this Act.
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paragraphs: (1) There shall stand established, on the establishment day, a body to be known, in the Irish language, as An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in to perform the functions conferred on it by this Act.
(2) The Commission shall be a body corporate with perpetual succession and an official seal and shall have the power:
(a) to sue and be sued in its corporate name;
(b) with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, to acquire, hold and dispose of property, other than land or an interest in land.
(3) The official seal of the Commission shall be authenticated by the signature of—
(a) a member of the Commission, and
(b) the chief executive or other member of the staff of the Commission authorised by the Commission to act in that behalf.
(4) Judicial notice shall be taken of the seal of the Commission and every document purporting to be—
(a) an instrument made by the Commission, and
(b) sealed with the seal of the Commission authenticated in accordance with subsection (3),
shall be received in evidence and be deemed to be such instrument without proof, unless the contrary is shown.
(5) Any contract or instrument which, if entered into or executed by an individual, would not require to be under seal, may be entered into or executed on behalf of the Commission by any person generally or specially authorised by the Commission to act in that behalf.
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paragraphs: (1) Subject to this section and section 11 , the Commission shall comprise not more than 9 and not less than 7 members:
(a) a chairperson (in this Act referred to as the “Chairperson”);
(b) 2 ex officio members;
(c) not less than 4 and not more than 6 ordinary members.
(2) Subject to this section—
(a) the appointment of a person to be an ordinary member of the Commission shall, upon the nomination of the Government, be made by the President, and
(b) the appointment of a person to be the Chairperson of the Commission shall, upon the nomination of the Chief Justice, be made by the President.
(3) The Chairperson shall be—
(a) a former judge of the Supreme Court, a former judge of the Court of Appeal or a former judge of the High Court,
(b) a judge of the Supreme Court,
(c) following consultation by the Chief Justice with the President of the Court of Appeal, a judge of the Court of Appeal, or
(d) following consultation by the Chief Justice with the President of the High Court, a judge of the High Court.
(4) Each of the following shall, ex officio, be a member of the Commission:
(a) the Ombudsman, or where that office is vacant, the Director of the Office of the Ombudsman;
(b) the Clerk of DÃ¡il Ãireann or, where that office is vacant, the Clerk Assistant of DÃ¡il Ãireann.
(5) The Chief Justice shall, before the establishment day, following a request from the Minister, nominate a person to be designated by the President as the first chairperson of the Commission.
(6) If, immediately before the establishment day, a person stands designated under subsection (5), the person shall, on that day, stand appointed as the first chairperson of the Commission.
(7) The President shall, before the establishment day, designate persons to be appointed as the first ordinary members of the Commission.
(8) If, immediately before the establishment day, a person stands designated under subsection (7), the person shall, on that day, stand appointed by the President as an ordinary member of the Commission.
(9) Subject to section 11 (5), a person shall not be appointed as an ordinary member of the Commission unless a resolution has been passed by each House of the Oireachtas recommending his or her appointment.
(10) Subject to section 11 (5), the President shall appoint the ordinary members of the Commission from among such persons as are recommended by the Service and nominated by the Government in accordance with section 10 for appointment as such ordinary members.
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paragraphs: (1) This section shall apply in relation to the filling of a vacancy that arises in the ordinary membership of the Commission.
(2) The Minister shall invite the Service to undertake a selection competition for the purpose of identifying and recommending to the Government persons who are suitable for appointment as ordinary members of the Commission.
(3) The Minister shall agree with the Service the requirements relating to knowledge, ability and suitability for appointment as an ordinary member of the Commission for the purposes of a selection competition under this section.
(4) Where making recommendations of persons who are suitable for appointment as ordinary members of the Commission under this section, the Service shall have regard to the desirability of the members of the Commission possessing knowledge of, and experience in, matters connected with the following:
(a) electoral matters, including any experience or expertise gained as a former member of the Houses of the Oireachtas or a local authority;
(b) the administration of the Irish electoral system;
(c) the administration of electoral systems outside the State;
(d) public administration and governance, at a senior level;
(e) expertise in financial matters (including by virtue of membership of a recognised accountancy body);
(f) expertise in information and communications technologies and the application of such technologies in the context of elections and referendums;
(g) advertising and publicity, in particular in relation to the digital aspects of a political campaign.
(5) Where recommending to the Government persons for appointment as ordinary members of the Commission, the Service shall, in so far as practicable, endeavour to ensure that among the ordinary members of the Commission there is an equitable balance between men and women.
(6) The Service shall provide the Minister with particulars of experience, training and expertise of each person whom it recommends under this section.
(7) In exceptional circumstances, where the Government, for substantial and stated reasons, is unable to accept the recommendation by the Service of a particular person for appointment as an ordinary member, it shall inform the Service of that fact and the reasons for it and shall request the Service to recommend another person for appointment as an ordinary member.
(8) (a) Where the number of ordinary members of the Commission is less than 6 and the Commission considers it necessary for the effective performance of its functions, it may, with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform and subject to section 9 (1), request the Minister to invite the Service to undertake a selection competition for the purpose of identifying and recommending to the Government persons who are suitable for appointment as additional ordinary members of the Commission.
(b) Subsections (3) to (6) shall apply in relation to the appointment of additional members under paragraph (a).
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paragraphs: (1) Subject to subsection (2), an ordinary member of the Commission shall hold office, unless the member sooner dies, resigns, becomes disqualified or is removed from office, for such period, not exceeding 4 years from the date of his or her appointment, as the President, on the advice of the Government, shall determine.
(2) Such 2 of the ordinary members of the Commission that is first constituted under this Act as are determined by the President, on advice of the Government, shall hold office for a period of 3 years from the date of their respective appointments or reappointments, as the case may be, as such ordinary members.
(3) A member of the Commission shall hold office on such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Government at the time of appointment or reappointment of the member.
(4) Subject to subsection (6), an ordinary member of the Commission whose term of office expires by the efflux of time shall be eligible for reappointment by the Government as an ordinary member of the Commission.
(5) Where it is proposed to reappoint a person as an ordinary member of the Commission, it shall not be necessary for the person—
(a) to participate in a selection competition undertaken by the Service under section 10 or to be recommended for reappointment by the Service, or
(b) to be recommended for reappointment following the passing of a resolution of each House of the Oireachtas under section 9 .
(6) A person who is reappointed as an ordinary member of the Commission in accordance with subsection (4) shall not hold office for periods the aggregate of which exceeds 2 terms.
(7) An ordinary member of the Commission may resign from office by notice in writing addressed to the President and the resignation takes effect on the date the President receives the notice.
(8) Subject to section 14 (5), the Commission may act notwithstanding any vacancy among its membership.
(9) No person shall, without the consent of the Commission, disclose to any person any information obtained while serving as a member of the Commission or providing services to the Commission.
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paragraphs: (1) A person shall not be eligible to be recommended for appointment to, or appointed as a member of, the Commission or a committee if he or she:
(a) is a member of either House of the Oireachtas;
(b) is entitled under the rules of procedure of the European Parliament to sit in that Parliament;
(c) is a member of a local authority;
(d) does not possess a tax clearance certificate issued to him or her under section 1095 of the Taxes Consolidation Act 1997 .
(2) A person shall be disqualified from holding and shall cease to hold office as an ordinary member of the Commission or a committee if he or she:
(a) is convicted on indictment of an offence;
(b) is convicted of an offence involving fraud or dishonesty;
(c) has a declaration under section 819 of the Act of 2014 made against him or her or is deemed to be subject to such a declaration by virtue of Chapter 5 of Part 14 of that Act;
(d) is subject or is deemed to be subject to a disqualification order, within the meaning of Chapter 4 of Part 14 of the Act of 2014, whether by virtue of that Chapter or any other provision of that Act.
(3) Where a member of the Commission or a committee is—
(a) nominated as a member of Seanad Ãireann,
(b) elected as a member of either House of the Oireachtas or to be a member of the European Parliament,
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paragraphs: (1) An ordinary member of the Commission shall cease to be a member of the Commission where—
(a) one or more of the grounds specified in subsection (2) apply, and
(b) a resolution has been passed by each House of the Oireachtas recommending his or her removal.
(2) The grounds referred to in subsection (1) are that:
(a) the ordinary member has, without reasonable excuse, failed to discharge the functions of the office;
(b) the ordinary member has become incapable, through ill-health, of performing his or her functions;
(c) the ordinary member has committed stated misbehaviour;
(d) the removal of the ordinary member is necessary for the effective and efficient performance by the Commission of its functions.
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paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall hold such and so many meetings as may be necessary for the due performance of its functions but in each year it shall hold not less than one meeting in each period of 3 months.
(2) The Commission may publish, on its website, all or any of the following:
(a) agendas for its meetings and those of a committee;
(b) the papers relating to those meetings;
(c) reports of those meetings.
(3) At a meeting of the Commission—
(a) if the Chairperson is present, he or she shall be the chairperson of the meeting,
(b) if the Chairperson is not present or if the office of Chairperson is vacant, the deputy Chairperson shall, if he or she is present, act as the chairperson of the meeting, or
(c) if and so long as the Chairperson and deputy Chairperson are not present, the members of the Commission who are present shall choose one of their number to act as the chairperson of the meeting.
(4) At a meeting of the Commission, a question on which a vote is required shall be determined by a majority of the votes of the members of the Commission present and voting on the question and, in the case of an equal division of the votes, the chairperson of the meeting shall have a second or casting vote.
(5) The quorum for a meeting of the Commission shall be 4 or such other number, not being less than 4, as the Commission may determine.
(6) Subject to this Act, the Commission shall regulate its own procedures.
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paragraphs: (1) The Commission may establish committees to—
(a) advise and assist the Commission in the performance of its functions, and
(b) perform such functions of the Commission as may be delegated to them.
(2) In appointing members of a committee, the Commission will have regard to the range of qualifications and experience necessary for the proper and effective performance of the functions of the committee.
(3) A committee—
(a) shall consist of such number of members as the Commission may determine, and
(b) may include persons who are not members of the Commission or its staff.
(4) The Commission may:
(a) appoint a person to be the chairperson of a committee;
(b) at any time remove a member from a committee for stated reasons;
(c) at any time dissolve a committee.
(5) The Minister may, with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, determine the remuneration and expenses, if any, payable to a member of a committee under this section.
(6) The remuneration and allowances for expenses, if any, determined in accordance with subsection (5) are payable by the Commission out of funds at its disposal to a member of a committee.
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paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, as it considers necessary to assist it in the performance of its functions:
(a) enter into contracts with persons;
(b) appoint consultants or advisers.
(2) There may be paid by the Commission, out of the funds at its disposal, to persons, consultants or advisers referred to in subsection (1), such fees (if any) or allowances for expenses (if any) incurred by them as the Commission may determine.
(3) The appointment of a person as a consultant or adviser under this section shall be for such period and on such terms and conditions as the Commission considers appropriate.
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paragraphs: (1) The Commission may appoint such and so many persons to be members of staff of the Commission as it may determine.
(2) The terms and conditions of service of a member of staff of the Commission, and the grade at which he or she serves, shall be such as may be determined by the Commission, with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform.
(3) Members of staff of the Commission are civil servants within the meaning of the Civil Service Regulation Act 1956 .
(4) The Commission shall be the appropriate authority (within the meaning of the Public Service Management (Recruitment and Appointments) Act 2004 and the Civil Service Regulation Acts 1956 to 2005) in relation to members of its staff.
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paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall keep in such form as may be approved by the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform all proper and usual accounts of all monies received or expended by it and, in particular, shall keep in such form as aforesaid all such special accounts as the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform may, from time to time direct.
(2) Accounts kept in accordance with this section shall be submitted, not later than the 1st day of April in the year immediately following the financial year to which they relate, or on such earlier date as the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform may direct, to the Comptroller and Auditor General for audit and, immediately after the audit, the Chief Executive of the Commission shall cause a copy of the Comptroller and Auditor General’s report on the accounts to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
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paragraphs: (1) The chairperson shall be appointed in accordance with section 9 and shall hold office for a period of 7 years from the date of his or her appointment.
(2) A person may not be reappointed as chairperson for a second term.
(3) The chairperson may resign from office by notice in writing to the President, the chief executive of the Commission and the Minister, and the resignation shall take effect on the date the President receives the notice.
(4) In the event of the death, resignation or expiry of the term of the chairperson, the Chief Justice shall nominate a new chairperson.
(5) Where a person who holds judicial office in the Superior Courts is appointed to be the chairperson, the following provisions shall have effect:
(a) where such person, on being appointed, is a judge of the Supreme Court, other than the Chief Justice or a judge who is ex officio an additional judge of that Court, then for so long as such person continues to hold that judicial office, the number of ordinary judges of the Supreme Court otherwise provided for under any enactment for the time being in force may be exceeded by one, provided that, in the case of a former Chief Justice to whom section 4 (2) of the Courts (No. 2) Act 1997 relates, for so long as such person continues to hold the judicial office held on being so appointed, such person shall not be taken into account for the purposes of subsection (1) of section 6 of that Act and any vacancy consequent on the application of that subsection to such person may be filled but without prejudice to the application of that subsection to that person upon his or her ceasing to be so appointed but remaining a former Chief Justice to whom the said section 4(2) relates;
(b) where such person, on being appointed, is the President of the Court of Appeal or another judge of the Court of Appeal, other than a judge who is ex officio an additional judge of that Court, then for so long as such person continues to hold the judicial office held by such person on so being appointed, the number of ordinary judges of the Court of Appeal otherwise provided for under any enactment for the time being in force may be exceeded by one, provided that, in the case of a former President of the Court of Appeal to whom section 4 (2) of the Courts (No. 2) Act 1997 relates, for so long as such person continues to hold the judicial office held on being so appointed, such person shall not be taken into account for the purposes of subsection (1A) of section 6 of that Act and any vacancy consequent on the application of that subsection to such person may be filled but without prejudice to the application of that subsection to that person upon his or her ceasing to be so appointed but remaining a former President of the Court of Appeal to whom the said section 4(2) relates;
(c) where such person, on being appointed, is the President of the High Court or another judge of the High Court, other than a judge who is ex officio an additional judge of that Court, then for so long as such person continues to hold the judicial office held by such person on so being appointed the number of ordinary judges of the High Court otherwise provided for under any enactment for the time being in force may be exceeded by one, provided that, in the case of a former President of the High Court to whom section 4 (2) of the Courts (No. 2) Act 1997 relates, for so long as such person continues to hold the judicial office held on being so appointed, such person shall not be taken into account for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 6 of that Act and any vacancy consequent on the application of that subsection to such person may be filled but without prejudice to the application of that subsection to that person upon his or her ceasing to be so appointed but remaining a former President of the High Court to whom the said section 4(2) relates.
num: 20
paragraphs: (1) The members of the Commission may, by a simple majority, nominate one or more than one member of the Commission (in this Act referred to as a “deputy chairperson”) to deputise for the chairperson under subsection (2).
(2) The deputy chairperson shall deputise for the chairperson:
(a) where the chairperson so requests;
(b) in the event that the chairperson is unable to perform his or her functions;
(c) if the office of the chairperson is vacant.
(3) The deputy chairperson may, in addition to his or her remuneration as a member, be paid such additional remuneration (if any) as the Minister, with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, may determine.
num: 21
paragraphs: (1) There shall be a chief executive of the Commission (in this Act referred to as the “chief executive”) who shall be appointed by the Government.
(2) The Government may, before the establishment day, designate a person to be appointed as the first chief executive of the Commission.
(3) If, immediately before the establishment day, a person stands designated under subsection (2), the person shall, on that day, stand appointed as the first chief executive of the Commission.
(4) The chief executive shall hold office for a term of not more than 5 years.
(5) The Government may reappoint a person whose term of office as chief executive expires by the passage of time.
(6) A person who is reappointed to be the chief executive under subsection (5) shall not hold office for periods the aggregate of which, including the period for which he or she was first appointed as chief executive, exceeds 10 years.
(7) Where a vacancy arises, or is anticipated will arise, for the position of chief executive the Minister shall invite the Service to undertake a selection competition for the purpose of identifying and recommending to the Minister a person who is suitable for appointment as chief executive.
(8) The Minister shall agree with the Service the requirements relating to knowledge, ability and suitability for appointment as the chief executive for the purposes of a selection competition under this section.
(9) A vacancy for the position of chief executive shall be advertised publicly and shall include details of the agreed selection criteria for the filling of the vacancy and the process to be implemented in respect of filling that vacancy.
(10) The Service may adopt such procedures as it thinks fit to carry out its functions under this section.
(11) A person shall not be recommended to the Minister under subsection (7) unless the person is, in the opinion of the Service, suitably qualified for such appointment by reason of his or her possessing such relevant experience, qualifications, specialist knowledge or other criteria as the Minister, following consultation with the Commission, and having regard, in particular, to the functions conferred on the Commission by this Act, may specify.
(12) The Service shall provide the Minister with particulars of experience and qualifications of the person whom it recommends under this section.
(13) In exceptional circumstances, where the Government, for substantial and stated reasons, is unable to accept the recommendation by the Service of a particular person, it shall inform the Service of that fact and the reasons for it and shall request the Service to make another recommendation in respect of the vacancy and the Service shall, as soon as is practicable, comply with that request.
(14) If the Service is unable to select any suitable candidate pursuant to a particular request—
(a) the Minister shall recommend for appointment the person who was the candidate selected by the Service pursuant to a previous request (if any) in relation to that appointment, or
(b) the Minister shall make a further such request to the Service and the Government shall appoint as chief executive the candidate selected by the Service pursuant to that request or pursuant to another such request made in relation to that appointment.
(15) The chief executive shall—
(a) hold office subject to such terms and conditions (including terms and conditions relating to remuneration) as may be determined by the Commission, with the consent of the Minister and the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, and
(b) be paid out of funds at the disposal of the Commission.
(16) The chief executive shall not be a member of the Commission, or a committee, but he or she may, in accordance with procedures established by the Commission or such a committee, as the case may be, attend meetings of the Commission or committee and shall be entitled to speak at and give advice at such meetings.
(17) The chief executive shall not hold any other office or occupy any position in respect of which remuneration is payable, or carry on any business, trade or profession, without the consent of the Commission.
(18) The chief executive may, with the consent of the Commission, authorise one or more members of staff of the Commission to perform a specified function of the chief executive and such member or members so authorised may perform the function accordingly.
(19) If the chief executive—
(a) dies, resigns or is removed from office, or
(b) is for any reason temporarily unable to continue to perform his or her functions,
the Commission may nominate such member or members of the staff of the Commission as it considers appropriate to perform the functions of the chief executive until—
(i) in the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (a), a new chief executive is appointed in accordance with this section, or
(ii) in the circumstances mentioned in paragraph (b), the chief executive is able to resume the performance of his or her functions.
(20) The chief executive may resign his or her office by letter sent by registered post to the Minister and copied to the Chairperson of the Commission and the resignation shall take effect on the date on which the letter is received by the Minister.
num: 22
paragraphs: (1) The chief executive shall—
(a) implement the policies and decisions of the Commission,
(b) manage and control generally the staff, administration and business of the Commission,
(c) perform such other functions (if any) as may be required by the Commission or as may be authorised under this Act,
(d) subject to section 41 (3), be accountable to the Commission for the efficient and effective management of the Commission and for the due performance of his or her functions, and
(e) provide the Commission with such information (including information with respect to the performance of those functions in so far as they relate to the financial affairs of the Commission) as the Commission may require.
(2) The chief executive may make proposals to the Commission on any matter relating to its functions.
num: 23
paragraphs: (1) The members of the Commission may, by a simple majority, remove the chief executive from office if they are satisfied that one or more of the grounds specified in subsection (2) apply to the chief executive.
(2) The grounds referred to in subsection (1) are that—
(a) the chief executive has become incapable, through ill-health, of performing his or her functions,
(b) the chief executive has committed stated misbehaviour, or
(c) the removal of the chief executive is necessary for the effective and efficient performance by the Commission of its functions.
(3) Where the members propose to remove the chief executive from office under subsection (1), they shall notify the chief executive in writing of the proposal.
(4) A notification under subsection (3) shall include a statement—
(a) of the reasons for the proposed removal,
(b) that the chief executive may, within 30 working days of the sending of the notification or such longer period as the members may, having regard to the requirements of natural justice specify, make representations to the members in such form and manner as may be specified by the members as to why the chief executive should not be removed from office, and
(c) that, where no representations are received within the period referred to in paragraph (b), the members shall, without further notice to the chief executive, proceed with the removal of the chief executive from office in accordance with this section.
(5) In considering whether to remove the chief executive from office under subsection (1), the members shall take into account—
(a) any representations made pursuant to subsection (4)(b), and
(b) any other matter that the members consider relevant for the purposes of their decision.
(6) Where, having taken into account the matters referred to in subsection (5), the members decide to remove the chief executive from office, they shall notify, in writing, the chief executive, the Joint Oireachtas Committee and the Minister of their decision and the reasons for their decision.
num: 24
paragraphs: The chief executive shall, whenever required in writing to do so by the Committee of DÃ¡il Ãireann established under the Standing Orders of DÃ¡il Ãireann to examine and report to DÃ¡il Ãireann on the appropriation accounts and reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General, give evidence to that Committee in relation to—
(a) the regularity and propriety of the transactions recorded or required to be recorded in any book or other record of account subject to audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General that the Commission is required by this Act to prepare,
(b) the economy and efficiency of the Commission in the use of its resources,
(c) the systems, procedures and practices employed by the Commission for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of its operations, and
(d) any matter affecting the Commission referred to in a special report of the Comptroller and Auditor General under section 11 (2) of the Comptroller and Auditor General (Amendment) Act 1993 , or in any other report of the Comptroller and Auditor General (insofar as it relates to a matter specified in paragraph (a), (b) or (c)) that is laid before DÃ¡il Ãireann.
num: 25
paragraphs: (1) Subject to subsection (2), the chief executive shall, at the request in writing of an Oireachtas Committee, attend before it to give account for the general administration of the Commission.
(2) The chief executive shall not be required to give account before an Oireachtas Committee for any matter which is or has been or may be at a future date, the subject of proceedings before a court or tribunal in the State.
(3) Where the chief executive is of the opinion that a matter in respect of which he or she is requested to give an account before an Oireachtas Committee is a matter to which subsection (2) applies, he or she shall inform the Committee of the opinion and the reasons for the opinion and, unless the information is conveyed to the Committee at the time when the chief executive is before it, the information shall be so conveyed in writing.
(4) Where the chief executive has informed an Oireachtas Committee of his or her opinion in accordance with subsection (3) and the Committee does not withdraw the request referred to in subsection (1) in so far as it relates to the subject matter of that opinion—
(a) the chief executive may, not later than 21 days after being informed by the Committee of its decision not to do so, apply to the High Court in a summary manner for determination of the question whether the matter is one to which subsection (2) applies, or
(b) the chairperson of the Oireachtas Committee may, on behalf of the Committee, make such an application,
and the High Court shall determine the matter.
(5) Pending the determination of an application under subsection (4), the chief executive shall not attend before the Oireachtas Committee to give account for the matter that is the subject of the application.
(6) If the High Court determines that the matter concerned is one to which subsection (2) applies, the Oireachtas Committee shall withdraw the request referred to in subsection (1) but if the High Court determines that subsection (2) does not apply, the chief executive shall attend before the Oireachtas Committee to give account for the matter.
(7) In this section, “Oireachtas Committee” means a Committee appointed by either House of the Oireachtas or jointly by both Houses of the Oireachtas (other than the Public Accounts Committee referred to in section 24 or a Committee on Members’ Interests of DÃ¡il Ãireann or the Committee on Members’ Interests of Seanad Ãireann) or a subcommittee of such a Committee.
num: 26
paragraphs: The chief executive is the accounting officer in relation to the appropriation accounts of the Commission for the purposes of the Comptroller and Auditor General Acts 1866 to 1998.
num: 27
paragraphs: (1) As soon as may be after the end of each financial year, but not later than 6 months thereafter, the Commission shall cause a report on the performance of its functions during that year to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
(2) A report under subsection (1) shall include information on the performance of the functions of the Commission during the period to which the report relates, including an account of—
(a) research works completed by the Commission,
(b) any reports prepared under sections 66 , 68 and 69 , and
(c) progress regarding implementation of the strategy statement published under section 28 .
(3) The Commission shall ensure that, as soon as practicable after copies of an annual report are laid before each House of the Oireachtas in accordance with subsection (1), the annual report is published in such manner as the Commission considers appropriate.
num: 28
paragraphs: (1) Subject to subsection (2), the Commission shall, every 3 years, prepare and submit to the Joint Oireachtas Committee a strategy statement in respect of the following 3 years.
(2) The first strategy statement shall be prepared by the Commission as soon as practicable after the establishment day and shall relate to the period from its submission to the Joint Oireachtas Committee until the day immediately before the third anniversary of the establishment day.
(3) A second or subsequent strategy statement shall be submitted to the Joint Oireachtas Committee within the period of 6 months before the expiry of the period to which the previous strategy statement relates and the second or subsequent strategy statement shall relate to the period of 3 years from the expiry of the period to which the previous strategy statement relates.
(4) The Commission shall, in a strategy statement prepared under this section, specify—
(a) the key aims, objectives, outputs and strategies of the Commission, and
(b) having regard to the matters specified in paragraph (a), the key priorities of the chief executive.
(5) The Commission may—
(a) publish in such manner as the Commission considers appropriate a draft of the strategy statement and, where it publishes the draft, it shall allow persons 30 days from the date of that publication within which to make representations in writing to the Commission with regard to the draft strategy statement, and
(b) where appropriate, having considered any representations made under paragraph (a), make such modifications as may be necessary to take account of such representations.
(6) The Commission shall, as soon as may be after the preparation of a strategy statement under this section, cause a copy of it to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
(7) The Commission shall ensure that, as soon as practicable after copies of a strategy statement are laid before each House of the Oireachtas in accordance with subsection (6), the strategy statement is published (in both the Irish and English languages) in such manner as the Commission considers appropriate.
num: 29
paragraphs: The Central Statistics Office and Ordnance Survey Ireland shall, on a request in that behalf by the Commission, provide free of charge to the Commission such assistance as the Commission may reasonably require for the purpose of the performance of its functions.
num: 30
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall have the following functions:
(a) to explain to the public, in accordance with Chapter 5, the subject matter of referendums;
(b) to review, in accordance with Chapter 7, the constituencies for the election of members to the DÃ¡il and the election of members to the European Parliament and to report to the Joint Oireachtas Committee in relation thereto;
(c) to review local electoral area boundaries and report to the Minister in relation to those boundaries, in accordance with Chapter 8;
(d) to conduct research on electoral policy and procedure and make such recommendations to the Minister as it considers appropriate, in accordance with Chapter 9;
(e) to provide, to the public, information on electoral processes (including referendums) and to encourage participation, by the public, in the electoral and democratic processes of the State, in accordance with section 67 ;
(f) to prepare and maintain, in accordance with Chapter 6, the Register of Political Parties;
(g) to oversee the electoral register in accordance with Chapter 10;
(h) to regulate online political advertising in accordance with Part 4 ;
(i) to protect the integrity of elections and referendums against the dissemination or publication of online disinformation, online misinformation and manipulative or inauthentic behaviour online in accordance with Part 5 .
(2) The Commission shall have all such powers as are necessary or expedient for, or incidental to, the performance of its functions.
(3) The Commission shall, subject to this Act, be independent in the performance of its functions.
num: 31
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall have, in addition to any functions conferred on it by any other provision of this Act, the following principal functions in relation to a referendum:
(a) to prepare a statement or statements containing a general explanation of the subject matter of the proposal for the referendum concerned and of the text thereof in the relevant Bill and any other information relating to those matters that the Commission considers appropriate;
(b) to publish (in both the Irish and English languages) and distribute such statements in relation to the referendum concerned in such manner and by such means including the use of television, radio and other electronic media as the Commission considers most likely to bring them to the attention of the electorate and to ensure as far as practicable that the means employed enable those with a sight or hearing disability to read or hear the statements concerned;
(c) to promote public awareness of the referendum and encourage the public to vote at the referendum, in accordance with section 67 .
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of section 30 (2), the Commission shall have the following powers in relation to a referendum:
(a) to prepare, publish and distribute brochures, leaflets, pamphlets and posters; and
(b) to distribute the statements aforesaid to each presidential elector or each household.
(3) The Commission or a member of the Commission shall not advocate or promote a particular result at a referendum.
num: 32
paragraphs: (1) Section 41(3) of the Broadcasting Act 2009 shall not apply to advertisements broadcast at the request of the Commission in relation to a matter referred to in section 31 concerning a referendum.
(2) The Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications, if so requested by the Commission following consultation by the Commission with Radio TeilifÃ­s Ãireann (in this section referred to as “RTE”) and TeilifÃ­s na Gaeilge (in this section referred to as “TG4”) and consideration of any proposals of RTE and TG4 for broadcasts in connection with the referendum that RTE and TG4 communicate to the Commission, shall direct RTE and TG4, in writing, to allocate broadcasting time to facilitate the Commission in performing its functions, and RTE and TG4 shall comply with a direction under this subsection.
(3) The Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications, if so requested by the Commission following consultation by the Commission with the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (in this section referred to as “BAI”) and consideration of any proposals of BAI for broadcasts, including sound broadcasting services and television programme services, in connection with the referendum that it communicates to the Commission, shall direct BAI, in writing, to arrange for the provision for and on behalf of the Commission of services (with or without charge), including the allocation of broadcasting time, to facilitate the Commission in performing its functions, and BAI shall comply with a direction under this subsection.
(4) In this section, “broadcasts”, “sound broadcasting service” and “television programme services” have the same meanings as they have, respectively, in section 2 of the Broadcasting Act 2009 .
num: 33
paragraphs: (1) A body may apply to the Commission, in accordance with this section, for a declaration to be an approved body for the purposes of a referendum.
(2) An application under subsection (1) shall be in writing in a form specified by the Commission or in a form to the like effect and shall be made within such time as the Commission may specify and shall include the address, in the State, of the body concerned.
(3) Where a body makes an application under this section, it shall nominate a person to be its nominated person for the purposes of this Part (in this Part referred to as “the nominated person”) and the name and address of the person so nominated shall be included in the application.
(4) The Commission may refuse to make a declaration under subsection (1) where—
(a) in the opinion of the Commission, the body concerned does not have a bona fide interest in the proposal the subject of the referendum concerned,
(b) the body concerned fails or refuses to comply with this section or section 35 , or
(c) the name of the body concerned is identical to the name of any party registered in the Register of Political Parties, or in the opinion of the Commission so closely resembles such name as to be calculated to mislead, confuse or deceive.
(5) Upon the determination of an application under this section, the Commission shall, as soon as may be—
(a) by notice in writing inform the body concerned of the determination and, if it is a refusal to make a declaration under this section, the notice shall include a statement of the reasons for the refusal, and
(b) publish a notice in Iris OifigiÃºil of the result of the determination.
(6) A person who knowingly furnishes false information in relation to an application under this section shall be guilty of an offence.
(7) A person who contravenes subsection (6) shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a class E fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or both.
(8) Where the Commission is satisfied that false information has been furnished to it under this section, the Commission shall revoke any declaration made by it in relation to the application concerned and shall, as soon as may be, notify the body concerned of the revocation and of the reasons therefor.
(9) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), in this section and in sections 34 , 35 and 36 , “body” means a body corporate or unincorporated body which, or a branch of which, is established in the State, governed by a constitution, a memorandum of association or other such document or other written rules and having a membership of not less than 300.
(b) A political party that is for the time being registered in the Register of Political Parties shall be deemed to be a body.
(10) A reference in any enactment to an approved body within the meaning of the Referendum Act 1998 shall be construed as including a reference to an approved body under this section.
num: 34
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall publish (in both the Irish and English languages) a notice (in this section referred to as a “referendum notice”) in 2 or more national newspapers as soon as practicable following the making of an order under section 10 or 12 of the Act of 1994.
(2) A referendum notice shall—
(a) indicate that a body may apply to the Commission for a declaration under section 33 ,
(b) specify time limits for the receipt of such applications, and
(c) specify the procedures for making such applications.
num: 35
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may request, from a body that applies for a declaration under section 33 , all such information or documents in the possession or procurement of the body that the Commission reasonably requires from it for the purposes of the determination of the application under that section.
(2) Where the Commission makes a request under subsection (1), the nominated person of the body shall furnish to the Commission the information or documents within the time (being not more than 7 days from the day on which the request is made) specified in the request and, if the nominated person does not comply with the request, the application of that body for a declaration under section 33 shall be deemed to be withdrawn.
(3) The Commission may require that information furnished to the Commission under this section shall be accompanied by a statutory declaration made by the nominated person concerned that, to the best of the person’s knowledge and belief, the information is correct in every material respect and that the person has taken all reasonable steps to ensure the accuracy of the information.
(4) A person who knowingly furnishes false information pursuant to a request under this section shall be guilty of an offence.
(5) A person guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall be liable on summary conviction to a class E fine or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or both.
(6) Where the Commission is satisfied that false information has been furnished to it under this section, the Commission shall revoke any declaration made by it in relation to the application concerned and shall, as soon as may be, notify the body concerned of the revocation and of the reasons therefor.
num: 36
paragraphs: (1) As soon as practicable after the Commission has made a declaration under section 33 or revoked a declaration under section 33 or 35 , as the case may be, in respect of a body, the Commission shall notify the referendum returning officer of the name and address of the body and the name and address of the nominated person of the body.
(2) The referendum returning officer shall, as soon as practicable after receipt of a notification under subsection (1), notify each local returning officer of the particulars so notified to him or her under subsection (1).
num: 37
paragraphs: (1) Subject to section 26 of the Act of 1994, as applied by subsection (3), an approved body may appoint a person or persons to act as agent for the body at the referendum in respect of which the body is an approved body, to be present—
(a) at the issue of ballot papers to postal voters,
(b) at the opening of postal ballot boxes, and
(c) at the counting of votes,
at the referendum.
(2) An approved body may appoint one person to be present as the body’s agent in each polling station for the purpose of assisting in the detection of personation, and such appointment shall be in writing.
(3) Subsections (2), (4) to (9), (11) and (12) of section 26 of the Act of 1994 shall apply to persons appointed to act as agents under this section as they apply to agents appointed under the said section 26 with the modification that references to a member of DÃ¡il Ãireann shall include references to an approved body and with any other necessary modifications.
num: 38
paragraphs: Section 43 of the Act of 1994 is amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (3):
“(3) A provisional referendum certificate shall not be questioned by reason of non-compliance by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in with any provision of Chapter 5 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022 or mistake made by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in if it appears to the High Court that An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in complied with the principles laid down in that Act and that such non-compliance or mistake did not materially affect the result of the referendum.”.
num: 39
paragraphs: (1) As soon as may be after the completion of the performance of its functions under this Chapter and under section 67 in relation to each referendum, but not later than 6 months thereafter, the Commission shall prepare and submit a report in writing to the Joint Oireachtas Committee in relation to the performance by it of those functions.
(2) The Commission shall, when submitting the report under subsection (1), furnish a copy of the report to the Minister.
(3) The Commission shall, whenever so requested by the Joint Oireachtas Committee, furnish to the Committee information in relation to such matters as the Committee may specify in respect of any report referred to in subsection (1).
num: 40
paragraphs: (1) Where an offence under this Chapter is committed by a body corporate and is proved to have been so committed with the consent, connivance or approval of, or to have been attributable to any wilful neglect on the part of any person, being a director, manager, secretary or any other officer of the body corporate or a person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, that person, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished as if he or she were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.
(2) Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (1) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his or her functions of management as if he or she were a director or manager of the body corporate.
(3) Proceedings for an offence under this Part shall not be instituted except by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.
num: 41
paragraphs: (1) There shall be an office, the holder of which shall be known as the Registrar of Political Parties (in this Chapter referred to as the “Registrar”) and the Registrar shall, subject to this Chapter, prepare and maintain a Register of Political Parties.
(2) (a) The person who for the time being holds the office of chief executive of the Commission shall be the Registrar.
(b) If and so long as the office of the chief executive is vacant or the holder of that office is unable through illness, absence or other cause to fulfil the duties of the office, a member of staff nominated by the Chairperson shall act as Registrar for the purposes of this Chapter and references in this Chapter to the Registrar shall be construed accordingly.
(3) The Registrar shall be independent in the performance of his or her duties.
num: 42
paragraphs: (1) The Register of Political Parties in force immediately before the commencement of this section shall be deemed to be the Register of Political Parties prepared and maintained under this Part.
(2) A reference in any enactment to the register of political parties shall be construed as including a reference to the Register of Political Parties prepared and maintained under this Chapter.
num: 43
paragraphs: (1) A political party that is not, before the establishment day, registered in the Register of Political Parties may apply to the Registrar to be so registered as a party organised in the State, or in a part thereof specified in the application, to contest all or any of the following elections:
(a) a DÃ¡il election;
(b) a European election;
(c) a local election.
(2) An application for registration under this section shall be in writing in such form as shall be specified by the Registrar and shall contain such particulars as shall be specified in the form.
(3) Where an application by a political party for registration in the Register of Political Parties under section 25 of the Act of 1992 has not been completed before the establishment day the application shall be completed on or after the establishment day under this section.
num: 44
paragraphs: (1) (a) A political party may apply for the registration in the Register of Political Parties of one emblem to be used by candidates of the party on ballot papers.
(b) An application under this section shall be in writing in such form as shall be specified by the Registrar and in accordance with directions specified on the form.
(2) The Registrar shall not grant a request for registration in relation to an emblem if the emblem—
(a) would be likely to be confused by voters with an emblem which is already registered for another party,
(b) is obscene or offensive,
(c) is of such a character that its publication would be likely to amount to the commission of an offence, or
(d) includes a word or expression which, if it were, or were part of, the party’s name, would, by virtue of section 46 , prevent the party from being registered in the Register of Political Parties.
num: 45
paragraphs: Subject to section 46 , the Registrar shall register a political party which applies for registration provided the application complies with the requirements of this Chapter and that—
(a) the party is organised in the State or in a part thereof specified in the application as a party organised to contest all or any of the elections referred to in section 43 (1),
(b) (i) (I) the party has not less than 300 recorded members or, in the case of a party applying for registration as a party organised to contest elections in part of the State or local elections only, 100 recorded members, each of whom (in any of the foregoing cases) has reached the age of 18 years, and
(II) at least 50 per cent of the recorded members are registered in the electoral register,
(ii) the party has at least one member who, at the time the application for registration is made, is a member of DÃ¡il Ãireann or is a representative in the European Parliament (whether by reason of his or her having been elected as such a representative in the State or having been nominated as a replacement candidate under the Act of 1997) and who certifies in writing to the Registrar that he or she is a member of the party, or
(iii) in the case of a party which applies for registration as a party organised to contest a local election only, it has at least 3 members who are, at the time the application for registration is made, members of a local authority and each of whom certifies in writing to the Registrar that he or she is a member of the party,
and
(c) the organisation and direction of the party are governed by a constitution, a memorandum of association or other such document or other written rules adopted by the party and which provide for—
(i) an annual or other periodic meeting or conference of the party, and
(ii) the conduct of the business of the party by an executive committee or similar body elected by the party.
num: 46
paragraphs: A political party shall not be registered in the Register of Political Parties if its name—
(a) is identical to the name or an abbreviation or acronym of the name of any party for the time being registered in the Register of Political Parties or, so nearly resembles such name, abbreviation or acronym as to be likely to mislead, confuse or deceive,
(b) comprises more than 6 words, or
(c) in the case of a party operating in relation to a particular part of the State, does not include such reference to that part so as to distinguish the party as so operating.
num: 47
paragraphs: The following particulars shall be entered in the Register of Political Parties in respect of a political party registered therein—
(a) the name of the party, including any abbreviation or acronym of the name,
(b) the emblem, if an application for its registration under section 44 has been granted,
(c) the address of the party’s headquarters,
(d) the name or names of the officer or officers of the party authorised to sign certificates authenticating the candidatures of candidates of the party at elections,
(e) the type or types of election for which the party is registered as being organised to contest,
(f) where the party is registered as organised to contest elections in a specified part of the State, a reference to that fact and to the part of the State concerned,
(g) the name of any political group or European political party in accordance with section 48 , and
(h) the name and address of each accounting unit of the political party and the name and address of the responsible person or persons of the accounting unit.
num: 48
paragraphs: Where a party which is registered in the Register of Political Parties as a party organised to contest a European election, or which applies for such registration in the Register of Political Parties, informs the Registrar that a member of the party, being a representative in the European Parliament (whether by reason of that member having been elected as such a representative in the State or having been nominated as a replacement candidate under the Second Schedule to the Act of 1997), is a member of—
(a) a political group formed in accordance with the rules of procedure of the European Parliament, or
(b) a European political party,
the Registrar shall, if the member certifies in writing to the Registrar that he or she is a member of that party and that political group or European political party, note on the Register of Political Parties, in relation to the party, the name of that political group or European political party.
num: 49
paragraphs: The Registrar shall, as soon as practicable after it has considered an application for registration under this Part, notify the applicant concerned of his or her decision and, where the application has been refused, the reasons for it and that the applicant may appeal the decision under section 51 , and shall cause notice thereof to be published in Iris OifigiÃºil.
num: 50
paragraphs: (1) If there is any change in the particulars entered in the Register of Political Parties with respect to the name or names of the officer or officers of a political party referred to in section 47 (d) or in the address of the party’s headquarters, the party shall, as soon as may be after the change occurs, inform the Registrar of the change and, where appropriate, the Registrar shall amend the particulars entered in the register in relation to the party accordingly.
(2) A political party registered in the Register of Political Parties may apply in writing to the Registrar in such form as shall be specified by the Registrar to have any of the particulars, (other than those referred to in subsection (1)) including the party emblem entered in the register in relation to the party amended and the Registrar shall consider each such application and may, subject to this Chapter, amend the register accordingly.
(3) The Registrar shall, as soon as practicable after it has considered an application for amendment of the register under subsection (2), notify the applicant concerned of his or her decision, the reasons for it and that the applicant may appeal the decision under section 51 and shall cause notice of the decision to be published in Iris OifigiÃºil.
(4) The Registrar shall, with respect to each party registered in the register, inquire in writing at least once in each year from a responsible person referred to in section 47 (h) whether the party desires to remain registered and, unless the Registrar receives an affirmative reply to such an inquiry within 21 days from the date of the making of such inquiry, subsection (6) shall apply in relation to the party.
(5) When replying to an inquiry under subsection (4), the responsible person shall provide the Registrar with the name and address of each accounting unit of the party and the name and address of the responsible person or persons of the accounting unit, including any changes that have occurred during the period from when the particulars were last provided to the Registrar and the Registrar shall enter the particulars provided in the register.
(6) Where a political party registered in the register fails to comply with subsection (1), or information provided by it, in purported compliance with that subsection, is not such as to enable the Registrar to comply with section 47 or otherwise fails to comply with the requirements of this Chapter, the Registrar shall, following such inquiry as it considers appropriate, publish in Iris OifigiÃºil notice of its intention to cancel the registration of the party and the Registrar shall notify the party concerned of its intention and that the party may appeal the decision under section 51 .
(7) Any doubt, dispute or question arising in connection with the particulars required to be entered in the register pursuant to section 47 shall be decided by the Commission and deemed to be an appeal under section 51 , and the Registrar or the political party concerned may submit the doubt, dispute or question to the Commission in accordance with that section.
num: 51
paragraphs: (1) A decision by the Registrar in relation to—
(a) an application for registration under section 43 or 44 ,
(b) an application under section 50 for amendment of the particulars entered in relation to a party in the Register of Political Parties, or
(c) the cancellation of the registration of a party under section 50 (6),
may be questioned by way of an appeal to the Board under this section and, pending the determination by the Board of such an appeal, the decision of the Registrar shall not have effect.
(2) Where the Registrar has decided to refuse an application for registration including the registration of an emblem or an application for an amendment of the register and has stated the reasons for so doing in accordance with section 49 or 50 (3), such statement shall be regarded as a sufficient statement of the reasons for the decision.
(3) (a) Not later than 12 noon on the twenty-first day after the publication in Iris OifigiÃºil of a decision by the Registrar on an application for registration under section 43 or 44 , or for the amendment of the particulars in relation to a party entered in the register under section 50 (1) or in respect of the cancellation of the registration of a party under section 50 (6), an appeal may be made to the Board against the decision—
(i) in the case of a decision to refuse either an application for registration including the registration of an emblem or an application for an amendment of the register, by the party by which the application was made,
(ii) in the case of a decision to allow either an application for registration or an application for amendment of the register, by any political party registered in the register at the time of the giving by the Registrar of such notice,
(iii) in the case of a decision to cancel a registration, by the party whose registration it is proposed to cancel.
(b) Where no appeal is made under this section within the period specified in paragraph (a), the decision shall at the expiration of the said period become final and the Registrar shall notify the applicant or, as the case may be, the party whose registration he or she has decided to cancel.
(c) An appeal under this section shall be in writing, shall state the grounds on which the appeal is made, shall be addressed to the Chairperson and shall be delivered or sent by post so as to reach the Chairperson not later than the time specified in paragraph (a), together with the deposit referred to in paragraph (d), and any such appeal which is received by the Chairperson after that time or without that deposit shall not be entertained or considered by the Commission.
(d) An appeal under this section shall not be considered by the Board unless at the time the appeal is made a deposit of €500 is lodged with the Chairperson by, or on behalf of, the appellant, which sum shall on the determination of the appeal be returned to the person by whom it was made unless the Board considers the appeal to be frivolous or vexatious and directs that the deposit be forfeited.
(e) A deposit forfeited under this section shall be disposed of by the Chairperson in such manner as may be directed by the Minister for Finance.
(f) The Chairperson, immediately on receipt of an appeal under this section, shall—
(i) notify the Registrar of such receipt,
(ii) furnish the Registrar with a copy of the appeal,
(iii) publish a notice in Iris OifigiÃºil that an appeal has been lodged, and
(iv) make the documentation in relation to the appeal available for inspection at all convenient times.
(4) (a) The Board, in determining an appeal under this section, shall consider—
(i) the grounds for the appeal stated pursuant to subsection (3)(c), and
(ii) such information (if any) as was made available to the Registrar in connection with the application for registration (including registration of a political party emblem), the application for amendment of the register or the proposed cancellation of the registration, as the case may be.
(b) The Registrar shall give to the Commission such information in relation to every appeal considered pursuant to this section as the Commission may reasonably require of him or her.
(c) Where information additional to that referred to in paragraph (a)(ii) is furnished to the Commission, the appeal application, if the Commission considers it appropriate and directs accordingly, shall be returned to the Registrar for their consideration and treated, if appropriate, as a new application for registration or an amendment of the register by the Registrar.
(d) The decision of the Commission shall be final and binding.
(5) A decision by the Registrar on an application for registration, including the registration of an emblem, or for amendment of the particulars entered in the register in respect of a party or in relation to the cancellation of the registration of a party under section 50 or a decision by the Commission on an appeal under this section shall not have effect in relation to the relevant election where the decision of the Registrar or the Commission is made or the period for making an appeal under subsection (3) against the decision of the Registrar expires—
(a) in the case of a DÃ¡il election relative to a party registered or seeking registration (including registration of a political party emblem) as a party organised to contest a DÃ¡il election, after the date of the issue of the writ or writs,
(b) in the case of a European election relative to a party registered or seeking registration (including registration of a political party emblem) as a party organised to contest a European election, after the date of the making of the order of the Minister under section 10(1) of the Act of 1997,
(c) in the case of a local election relative to a party registered or seeking registration (including registration of a political party emblem) as a party organised to contest a local election, after the date of the making of the order of the Minister under section 26(2) of the Act of 2001.
(6) The Board shall determine an appeal under this section without an oral hearing unless, having regard to the particular circumstances of the appeal, it considers that it is necessary to conduct an oral hearing in order to properly and fairly determine the appeal.
(7) An appeal which has been commenced under section 25B of the Act of 1992 and not completed before the establishment day shall be carried on or completed by the Board under this section on or after the establishment day.
(8) In this section, “Board” means the members of the Commission referred to in section 9 (1).
num: 52
paragraphs: (1) The Registrar shall maintain the Register of Political Parties and permit any person to inspect the register at such time and under such conditions as he or she may specify.
(2) Where an order of a court or a request by any person is made for the production by the Registrar of the register or a copy thereof, the production of a copy of the register accompanied by a certificate of the Registrar that such copy is a copy of the register shall, in any civil or criminal proceedings, be prima facie evidence of the fact so certified and it shall not be necessary, unless the court on receipt of the certificate and copy of the register so orders, for the Registrar to attend in person to attest to any matter relating to the register or the certificate.
num: 53
paragraphs: (1) The Registrar may require any person to give any information in the possession of such person which the Registrar may require for the purpose of his or her duties under this Chapter.
(2) Without prejudice to subsection (1), the Registrar may require from any political party which applies for registration (including registration of an emblem) in, or for amendment of, the Register of Political Parties all such information as the Registrar reasonably requires for the determination of the application, and the Registrar may refuse the application of any party which fails or refuses to give any information so required of it under this section.
(3) For the avoidance of doubt and notwithstanding the authority of the Registrar to request information, it shall be the duty of every political party which applies for registration (including the registration of an emblem) in, or for amendment of, the register to provide to the Registrar such information as may be necessary to enable the Registrar to consider the application.
(4) The Registrar may require that—
(a) information furnished for the purposes of this Chapter shall be accompanied by a statutory declaration made by the person by whom the information is furnished (or by such other person as the Registrar considers appropriate in the circumstances) that, to the best of the person’s knowledge and belief, the information is correct in every material respect and that the person has taken all reasonable steps in order to be satisfied as to the accuracy of the information,
(b) any statement in relation to the number of recorded members of a party shall be certified by a public auditor.
(5) In subsection (4), “public auditor” means a public auditor for the purposes of the Industrial and Provident Societies Acts 1893 to 2021 and the Friendly Societies Acts 1896 to 2021.
num: 54
paragraphs: (1) Where a party is registered in the Register of Political Parties as a party organised to contest a particular type or types of election, the registration shall have effect only in relation to elections of the type or types concerned.
(2) Where a party is registered in the register as a party organised to contest an election or elections in a specified part of the State, the registration shall have effect only in relation to that part of the State.
num: 55
paragraphs: Not later than the third day (disregarding any excluded day) after the day of the issuing under section 39 of the Act of 1992 of the writ or writs at a DÃ¡il election, the Registrar shall send to the returning officer or each returning officer, as the case may be, a copy of the Register of Political Parties then in force, including a copy of any emblems of political parties registered in it.
num: 56
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall conduct a review of all constituencies:
(a) following the publication, by the Central Statistics Office, of the preliminary result of a census of population of the State;
(b) following the receipt, by the Commission, of a written direction from the Minister, which shall be made by the Minister where either a Constituency Commission or the Commission has presented a report under section 58 , and where—
(i) after such presentation, the total number of members of the European Parliament to be elected in the State specified pursuant to the treaties governing the European Union is different from the total number to which the Constituency Commission or the Commission had regard when preparing its report under section 57 , and
(ii) the Constituency Commission or the Commission is not due to prepare and present a report under section 57 (1)(a) before the date of the next European Parliament election.
(2) In this section, “Constituency Commission” means a Constituency Commission established pursuant to section 5 of the Electoral Act 1997 .
num: 57
paragraphs: (1) (a) Where the Commission has conducted constituency reviews under section 56 (1)(a) it shall prepare reports containing the recommendations of the Commission in relation to:
(i) the constituencies for the election of members to DÃ¡il Ãireann;
(ii) the constituencies for the election of members of the European Parliament.
(b) Where the Commission has conducted constituency reviews under section 56 (1)(b) it shall prepare a report containing the recommendations of the Commission in relation to the constituencies for the election of members of the European Parliament.
(c) A report under paragraphs (a) or (b) may include such recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate in relation to the alteration of constituencies referred to in those paragraphs.
(2) When preparing a report under subsection (1)(a)(i), the Commission shall, in observing the relevant provisions of the Constitution in relation to DÃ¡il constituencies, have regard to the following:
(a) the total number of members of DÃ¡il Ãireann, subject to Article 16.2.2 of the Constitution, shall be not less than 171 and not more than 181;
(b) each constituency shall return 3, 4 or 5 members;
(c) the breaching of county boundaries shall be avoided as far as practicable;
(d) each constituency shall be composed of contiguous areas;
(e) there shall be regard to geographic considerations including significant physical features and the extent of and the density of population in each constituency;
(f) subject to this section, the Commission shall endeavour to maintain continuity in relation to the arrangement of constituencies.
(3) When preparing a report under subsection (1)(a)(ii) or (1)(b), the Commission shall have regard to the following:
(a) the total number of members of the European Parliament to be elected in the State, which shall be such number as may be specified for the time being pursuant to the treaties governing the European Union;
(b) the need for reasonable equality of representation as between constituencies;
(c) the matters specified in paragraphs (b) to (f) of subsection (2).
(4) The reference in subsection (2)(c) to county boundaries shall be deemed not to include a reference to the boundary of a city or any boundary between any 2 of the counties of DÃºn Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal and South Dublin.
(5) A report of the Commission under this section may indicate that, in the opinion of the Commission having regard to subsection (2) or (3), no alteration is required to be made in the constituencies to which the report relates.
num: 58
paragraphs: (1) Where the Commission has conducted constituency reviews under section 56 (1)(a), it shall, not later than 3 months after the publication of the final result of every census of population of the State, present the reports prepared by the Commission under section 57 (1)(a) to the Joint Oireachtas Committee and lay those reports before each House of the Oireachtas.
(2) Where the Commission has conducted constituency reviews under section 56 (1)(b), it shall, not later than 2 months after receiving a written direction from the Minister under section 56 (1)(b) present to the Joint Oireachtas Committee and lay before each House of the Oireachtas a report prepared under section 57 (1)(b) containing the recommendations of the Commission in relation to the constituencies for the election of members of the European Parliament and any alteration of those constituencies which the Commission considers appropriate.
num: 59
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall, as soon as may be following the commencement of its constituency reviews under section 56 , give public notice (in both the Irish and English languages) of its intention to prepare a report relating to—
(a) in the case of a report under section 57 (1)(a) —
(i) the constituencies for the election of members to DÃ¡il Ãireann, and
(ii) the constituencies for the election of members of the European Parliament,
and
(b) in the case of a report under section 57 (1)(b), the constituencies for the election of members of the European Parliament only.
(2) In the case of a report under section 57 (1)(a), the Commission shall prepare—
(a) a statement setting out the relevant provisions of the Constitution in relation to DÃ¡il constituencies to which the Commission is required to observe, and
(b) statements based on the preliminary result of the most recent census of population of the State showing, for the constituencies for the time being in force for DÃ¡il and European elections, in relation to each constituency—
(i) the number of members of DÃ¡il Ãireann or the European Parliament, as the case may be,
(ii) the population of the constituency,
(iii) the population per member of DÃ¡il Ãireann or the European Parliament, as the case may be, of the constituency, and
(iv) the percentage variation of population per member of DÃ¡il Ãireann or the European Parliament, as the case may be, of the constituency from the national average population per member.
(3) The statements prepared by the Commission, and any submissions received by it, under this section shall be made available free of charge by the Commission, to any person wishing to examine them, in accordance with the public notice referred to in subsection (1).
(4) The public notice referred to in subsection (1) shall indicate that the statements prepared by the Commission under this section shall be made available free of charge by the Commission, to any person wishing to examine them, in such a manner as shall be specified in the notice.
(5) The public notice referred to in subsection (1) shall indicate that—
(a) any person may make a submission to the Commission in such manner and within such period (which shall not be less than three months in the case of a report referred to in subsection (1)(a) and not less than one month in the case of a report referred to in subsection (1)(b)), as shall be specified in the notice,
(b) any submissions received by the Commission in the manner and within the period specified in the notice shall be made available free of charge by the Commission, to any person wishing to examine them, in such manner and within such period as shall be specified in the notice.
(6) The Commission shall consider every submission made to it in accordance with a public notice referred to in subsection (1).
num: 60
paragraphs: Section 32 of the Act of 1991 is amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (2):
“(2) (a) Before deciding whether to make an order under section 23 of the Local Government Act 2001 in relation to a local electoral boundary the Minister shall request An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in to prepare a report, in accordance with sections 61 to 63 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022, in relation to the boundary concerned.
(b) An CoimisiÃºn shall, if so requested, prepare and furnish to the Minister a report in writing which shall include its recommendations and the Minister shall publish the report and shall have regard to it when deciding whether or not to make the order.”.
num: 61
paragraphs: (1) The Minister may include, in a request to the Commission under section 32 (2) of the Local Government Act 1991 , a requirement that the Commission shall, when preparing the report under that section, have regard to such matters as may be specified by the Minister in the request and the Commission shall comply with any such requirement.
(2) The Minister shall, before specifying, under subsection (1), the matters to which the Commission shall have regard, prepare a draft of the request under the said section 32 (2) of the Local Government Act 1991 and the draft request may only be sent to the Commission if it has been—
(a) laid before each House of the Oireachtas, and
(b) approved by resolution passed by each such House.
(3) The Commission may, for the purposes of a report referred to in subsection (1), by notice in writing, request any local authority to furnish to it such information (including documents) as it may reasonably require within such period as shall be specified in the notice and the local authority shall comply with the request.
num: 62
paragraphs: A report of the Commission under section 32(2) of the Act of 1991 shall be issued within such timeframe as may be specified by the Minister.
num: 63
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall, as soon as may be after receiving a request from the Minister under section 32(2) of the Act of 1991, give public notice (in both the Irish and English languages) that it is preparing a report under that section.
(2) The public notice referred to in subsection (1) shall indicate that:
(a) any person may make a submission to the Commission in such manner and within such period, which shall not be less than one month, as shall be specified in the notice;
(b) any submissions received by the Commission in the manner and within the period specified in the notice shall be made available free of charge by the Commission, to any person wishing to examine them, in such manner and within such period as shall be specified in the notice.
(3) The Commission shall consider every submission made to it in accordance with a public notice referred to in subsection (1).
(4) Any submissions received by the Commission under this section shall be made available free of charge by the Commission, to any person wishing to examine them, in accordance with the public notice referred to in subsection (1).
num: 64
paragraphs: The Commission may commission or conduct research on electoral policy and procedure, including on matters relating to the discharge of its functions under this Act, and may, arising from that research, make such recommendations to the Minister and the Government as it considers appropriate.
num: 65
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall prepare, annually, programmes specifying:
(a) the subjects in relation to which it proposes to conduct research under section 64 and the objectives of such research;
(b) the manner in which such research shall be carried out;
(c) the estimated cost of such research.
(2) The Commission shall, when preparing programmes under subsection (1), consult with the Joint Oireachtas Committee, the Minister and any other person, as the Commission considers appropriate.
(3) The Commission shall, as soon as may be after the preparation of a programme under subsection (1), cause a copy of it to be laid before each House of the Oireachtas.
(4) The Commission shall, within 6 months of the laying of a programme before each House of the Oireachtas under subsection (3), submit to the Joint Oireachtas Committee, an update on the programme.
num: 66
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, and shall when requested by the Minister, advise and, as appropriate, make recommendations to the Government or the Minister, in relation to any proposals for legislative change, or any other policy matters concerning electoral policy or procedures.
(2) The Minister shall, as soon as may be after receiving a recommendation under subsection (1) lay the report before each House of the Oireachtas.
num: 67
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall, through educational and information programmes promote public awareness of, and participation in, the State’s electoral and democratic processes and encourage the public to vote at electoral events.
(2) The following are electoral events to which this section and section 68 applies:
(a) a DÃ¡il election;
(b) a Seanad election;
(c) a European election;
(d) a presidential election;
(e) a local election;
(f) a referendum.
num: 68
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, after each electoral event to which this section applies, prepare and publish (in such a manner as the Commission may determine) a report on the administration of the electoral event concerned.
(2) Where the Commission prepares a report under subsection (1), the report shall be published and laid before the Houses of the Oireachtas and a copy of the report shall be provided to the Minister no later than 6 months after the electoral event the subject matter of the report.
(3) A report under subsection (1) shall include a description of the assistance given by presiding officers or returning officers to certain persons under:
(a) sections 28, 88, 94, 100, 103 and 112 of the Act of 1992;
(b) sections 37 and 43 of the Act of 1993;
(c) section 31 of the Act of 1994;
num: 69
paragraphs: (1) Notwithstanding the generality of section 64 , the Commission may, in relation to the electoral register, commission or conduct research in relation to:
(a) the accuracy and completeness of the electoral register maintained by a registration authority;
(b) the activities undertaken by a registration authority in relation to the maintenance of the electoral register;
(c) the processes relating to the compilation, maintenance and functioning of the electoral register referred to in paragraph (a);
(d) any other matter considered by the Commission to be relevant to its functions under this section.
(2) The Commission shall, on foot of the information provided by a registration authority under section 20A of the Act of 1992 or by a designated registration authority under section 13B of that Act, publish and lay before each House of the Oireachtas, annually, a report setting out:
(a) such research, if any, carried out by the Commission under subsection (1);
(b) the Commission’s assessment of the status and functioning of the electoral register maintained by registration authorities and any recommendations the Commission considers necessary to maintain or enhance the integrity of the electoral register and the registration process.
(3) The Commission may—
(a) make recommendations to a registration authority in relation to the performance of the functions of that registration authority under section 20 of the Act of 1992,
(b) make recommendations to a designated registration authority in relation to the performance of the functions of that designated registration authority under section 13B of the Act of 1992,
(c) set standards for registration authorities in relation to the electoral register,
(d) make recommendations to the Minister in relation to such legislative changes regarding the electoral register and the registration process as the Commission considers necessary to maintain or enhance the integrity of the electoral register and the registration process.
(4) In this section—
(a) “designated registration authority” means a registration authority prescribed as a designated registration authority by regulations made under section 13B of the Act of 1992;
(b) “registration authority” means a county council, a city council or a city and county council.
num: 70
paragraphs: The Broadcasting Act 2009 is amended—
(a) in section 41(6), by the substitution of “broadcast at the request of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in in relation to a matter referred to in section 31 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “broadcast at the request of the Referendum Commission in relation to a matter referred to in section 3 of the Act of 1998”,
(b) by the substitution, in section 106(4), of “An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in” for “the Referendum Commission” in each place it occurs, and
(c) by the substitution, in section 127(8), of “An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in” for “the Referendum Commission” in each place it occurs.
num: 71
paragraphs: The Data Protection Act 2018 is amended—
(a) in section 48, by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (b):
“(b) by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in in the performance of its functions.”,
(b) in section 58, by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (b):
“(b) by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in in the performance of its functions.”,
and
(c) in section 59, by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (b):
“(b) by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in in the performance of its functions.”.
num: 72
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in section 46(4), by the substitution of “ section 47 (d) of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “section 25(7)(d)”,
(b) in section 46(10), by the substitution of “ section 55 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “section 25C(7)”,
(c) in section 62(2)(g), by the substitution of “ section 55 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “subsection (7) of section 25C”,
(d) in section 63(1)(b)(vi), by the substitution of “ section 54 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “subsection (7) of section 25C”, and
(e) in section 107(1), by the deletion of “(disregarding any excluded day)”.
num: 73
paragraphs: The Houses of the Oireachtas Commission Act 2003 is amended, in section 14C(4)(b)(v), by the deletion of “or as the Registrar of Political Parties under section 25 of the Electoral Act 1992 ”.
num: 74
paragraphs: The Local Elections (Disclosure of Donations and Expenditure) Act 1999 is amended, in section 19A, in the definition of “third party”, by the substitution of “the Register of Political Parties under Chapter 6 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “the Register of Political Parties under Part III of the Act of 1992”.
num: 75
paragraphs: The Act of 1997 is amended, in Rule 5(3)(a) of the Second Schedule, by the substitution of “ section 47 (d) of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “section 25(7)(d) of the Act of 1992”.
num: 76
paragraphs: Article 14(5) of the Local Elections Regulations 1995 is amended by the substitution of “ section 47 (d) of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “section 25(7)(d) of the Act of 1992”.
num: 77
paragraphs: The Electoral Act 1997 is amended—
(a) in section 2, in the definition of “political party”, by the substitution of “in accordance with Chapter 6 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “in accordance with section 25 of the Act of 1992”,
(b) in section 16, by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (a)—
“(a) the party is registered in the Register of Political Parties in accordance with Chapter 6 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022 as a party organised (within the meaning of section 45 of that Act) in the State or in a part thereof specified in an application under that section to contest a DÃ¡il election, and”,
(c) in section 22(2)(aa), in the definition of “third party”, by the substitution of “the Register of Political Parties under Chapter 6 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022,” for “the Register of Political Parties under Part III of the Electoral Act 1992 ,”, and
(d) in section 46(1), in the definition of “third party”, by the substitution of “in accordance with Chapter 6 of Part 2 of the Electoral Reform Act 2022” for “in accordance with section 25 of the Act of 1992”.
num: 78
paragraphs: Schedule 13 to the Taxes Consolidation Act 1997 is amended by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph 206:
“207. An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in.”.
num: 79
paragraphs: Section 6 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the insertion of the following definitions:
“‘anonymous elector’ has the meaning assigned to it by section 15E(1);
num: 80
paragraphs: Section 7 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the substitution of “is” for “was, on the qualifying date”,
(b) in subsection (2)(i), by the substitution of “Presidential Elections Acts 1992 to 2006” for “Presidential Elections Acts, 1937 to 1992”,
(c) in subsection (2)(ii), by the substitution of “Referendum Acts 1992 to 2022” for “the Referendum Acts, 1942 to 1992”, and
(d) in subsection (3), by the substitution of “Presidential Elections Acts 1992 to 2006” for “Presidential Elections Acts, 1937 to 1992”.
num: 81
paragraphs: Section 8 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the substitution of “is” for “was, on the qualifying date”, and
(b) in subsection (2)—
(i) in paragraph (a), by the deletion of “on the qualifying date”, and
(ii) in paragraph (a)(ii)(II), by the deletion of “on that date”.
num: 82
paragraphs: Section 9 of the Act of 1992 is amended by the substitution of “if he or she has reached the age of 18 years and if he or she is ordinarily resident in that constituency and is either” for “if he has reached the age of eighteen years and if, on the qualifying date, he was ordinarily resident in that constituency and was either”.
num: 83
paragraphs: Section 10 of the Act of 1992 is amended by the substitution of “is” for “was, on the qualifying date”.
num: 84
paragraphs: Section 11 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (2):
“(2) Subject to sections 7, 8, 9 and 10, a person shall be entitled to be registered as an elector on or after the day on which that person reaches 18 years, including where such day falls during the period beginning on the last day on which applications for entry in the register in respect of a specific DÃ¡il, presidential, European or local election or a referendum can be received and ending on polling day, provided that any application is received by the registration authority before the closing date.”,
(b) in subsection (4)(a)—
(i) by the deletion of “on the qualifying date”,
(ii) by the substitution of “applications” for “claims”,
(c) in subsection (5), by the deletion of “on the qualifying date,”,
(d) in subsection (6), by the deletion of “on the qualifying date,”, and
(e) by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (6):
“(7) (a) Where a person is not ordinarily resident at any premises at the time of making an application under subsection (1) or (2) of section 15D, as the case may be, he or she may make a declaration of circumstances to the registration authority in accordance with this subsection setting out his or her reason for making an application to be registered at an address provided in the declaration of circumstances.
num: 85
paragraphs: Section 12 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the insertion of the following definition:
“‘civil partner’ has the meaning assigned to it by the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 ;”,
(b) in subsection (2), by the deletion of—
(i) “within the meaning of the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 ”, and
(ii) “on the qualifying date”,
(c) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (3):
“(3) A qualified person may, not later than the date specified in section 14, send to the appropriate registration authority a statement in a form directed by the Minister providing the following information:
(a) the address of the premises in the State in which, but for the requirements of his or her duties, he or she would be resident;
(b) particulars of his or her spouse or civil partner (if any).”,
and
(d) in subsection (5)—
(i) by the deletion of “on the qualifying date”, and
(ii) by the insertion of “or civil partner” after “spouse”.
num: 86
paragraphs: Section 13 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
num: 87
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the substitution of the following section for section 13B:
“Designated Registration Authority
13B. (1) The Minister may by regulations prescribe a registration authority (in this Part referred to as the ‘Designated Registration Authority’) to establish, manage and maintain a shared database (in this Part referred to as the ‘shared database’) for the purposes of enabling the efficient performance by registration authorities of their functions under sections 13E and 20.
(2) The shared database shall include, in respect of the registration area of each registration authority, such information as is necessary and proportionate for the performance by registration authorities of their functions as registration authorities and shall contain—
(a) the information in the register of electors,
(b) the information in the pending elector list,
(c) identifying particulars (within the meaning of section 13E(7)),
num: 88
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 13C:
“13D. (1) The information contained in the register of electors maintained and published under this Part shall only be used for electoral or other statutory purposes.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), information contained in the register maintained and published under section 13 may be used—
(a) by a specified person (within the meaning of section 39 of the Data Protection Act 2018 ), for the purpose of communicating with a data subject (within the meaning of Article 4(1) of the Data Protection Regulation) in accordance with section 39 of that Act, or
(b) by an elected representative (within the meaning of section 40 of the Data Protection Act 2018 ) for the purposes of section 40 of that Act.”.
num: 89
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 13D:
“13E. (1) A registration authority may share information with another registration authority where it is necessary and proportionate for any one or more of the following purposes:
(a) to check for duplicate entries on the register of electors;
(b) to verify the accuracy of the register of electors;
(c) to examine whether information supplied in a form submitted to the registration authority in relation to the register of electors is accurate;
(d) to update and maintain the register of electors;
(e) in pursuance of any other of its functions under this Part.
(2) The Minister for Social Protection may, solely for the purpose of assisting a registration authority in updating, maintaining and ensuring the accuracy of the register of electors, provide, for the purposes of confirming information submitted to or held by the registration authority including the Designated Registration Authority, confirmation of a person’s identifying particulars and the authority or authorities may use such confirmation to update, maintain and ensure the accuracy of the register.
(3) The Minister, may by order, solely for the purpose of assisting a registration authority including the Designated Registration Authority in updating, maintaining and ensuring the accuracy of the register of electors and to identify information or entries on the register that may require to be updated, provide for the conduct of a periodic data-sharing exercise between an authority or authorities and a Minister of the Government or a specified public body.
(4) An order under subsection (3) shall specify the information, which is considered by the Minister to be necessary and proportionate, to be shared, the process to be followed including suitable and specific measures to safeguard the fundamental rights and freedoms of data subjects, and any specified public body to whom the order shall apply.
(5) A Minister of the Government or a specified public body may, for the purpose of the periodic data-sharing exercise under subsection (3), provide a registration authority including the Designated Registration Authority with such information as is necessary and proportionate to the data-sharing exercise referred to in that subsection and the registration authority or authorities may use any such information as is provided for that purpose.
(6) A registration authority may require an tArd-ChlÃ¡raitheoir to furnish information in connection with deaths of persons in the registration area of the registration authority concerned.
(7) In this section—
‘data-sharing’ means the disclosure of information, including personal data, by a specified public body to another specified public body;
‘identifying particulars’, in relation to a person, means any one or more of the following particulars:
(a) full name (including all former names, if applicable);
(b) date of birth;
(c) address;
(d) nationality;
(e) personal public service number (if any);
(f) in the case of a deceased person, his or her date of death;
‘information’ means any personal data extracted from the register of electors referred to in section 13 or the shared database;
‘specified public body’ means:
(a) a registration authority;
(b) the Designated Registration Authority;
(c) an tArd-ChlÃ¡raitheoir;
(d) such other public body as may be prescribed as a specified public body by the Minister.”.
num: 90
paragraphs: (1) Section 14 of the Act of 1992 is amended in paragraph (d)—
(a) by the insertion of “or at the place where he or she is deemed to be ordinarily resident under section 11(6)” after “residence”, and
(b) by the deletion of “physical” in each place where it occurs.
(2) Section 14 of the Act of 1992 (as amended by subsection (1)) is amended—
(a) by the designation of the existing section as subsection (1),
(b) in subsection (1)—
(i) in paragraph (a), by the substitution of “applications” for “claims”,
(ii) in paragraph (c), by the substitution of “in the State, or,” for “in the State on the qualifying date, or”,
(iii) by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (d):
“(d) a person who is ordinarily resident at his or her residence or at the place where he or she is deemed to be ordinarily resident under section 11(6), and applies to be so entered in the postal voters list and satisfies the registration authority that he or she is unable to go in person to vote at the polling place for his or her polling district by reason of his or her illness or disability, or”,
and
(iv) by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph (d):
“(e) a person who is an anonymous elector.”,
and
(c) by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1):
“(2) An application to be entered in the postal voters list received on a date that is on or after—
(a) the third day after the date of dissolution of the DÃ¡il in the case of a general election,
(b) the third day after the date of the making of the order appointing polling day in the case of a DÃ¡il bye-election, or
(c) the twenty-first day (disregarding any excluded day) before polling day in the case of a presidential, European or local election, or a referendum,
shall have no effect in relation to that election or referendum, as the case may be.
num: 91
paragraphs: Section 15C of the Act of 1992 is amended by—
(a) the substitution of “Where” for “Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (4) of section 15A or subsection (4) of section 15B, where”,
(b) the deletion of “the supplement to” in both places where it occurs, and
(c) the substitution of “subsection (2) of section 14 or subsection (6) of section 17” for “subsection (4) of section 15A or subsection (4) of section 15B” in both places where it occurs.
num: 92
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 15C:
num: 93
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 15D:
“15E. (1) A person who—
(a) is entitled to be registered as an elector and applies to be so entered on the register under section 15D(1), or
(b) a person who is an elector on the register,
num: 94
paragraphs: (1) Section 17 of the Act of 1992 is amended in subsection (2)—
(a) in paragraph (a)—
(i) by the substitution of “an illness or disability” for “a physical illness or physical disability”, and
(ii) by the substitution of “illness or disability” for “physical illness or physical disability”,
and
(b) in paragraph (b), by the deletion of “physical” in both places where it occurs.
(2) Section 17 of the Act of 1992 (as amended by subsection (1)) is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (2):
num: 95
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 17:
“17A. (1) Each registration authority shall prepare and maintain a list of persons specified in subsection (3) in its registration area and the list shall be referred to in this Act as the “pending elector list”.
(2) A registration authority and the Designated Registration Authority shall ensure that the pending elector list shall not—
(a) be included in the register of electors,
(b) be published, as a separate list or otherwise,
(c) be included in the published register of electors, or
(d) be available for inspection.
(3) Subject to subsection (4), a registration authority shall enter the name of a person on the pending elector list where—
(a) the person has reached 16 years but has not reached 18 years and who, otherwise than in relation to his or her age, meets the requirements of section 7, 8, 9 or 10, as the case may be, and
num: 96
paragraphs: Section 19 of the Act of 1992 is amended by the deletion of “in force at the time of the revision and in every such register coming into force subsequent to such revision.”.
num: 97
paragraphs: Section 20 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
num: 98
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 20:
“20A. (1) Each registration authority shall, on an annual basis and by such date as may be specified to it by An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, submit a report to An CoimisiÃºn which shall include the following:
(a) information on the activities undertaken and measures applied by the registration authority in the preceding calendar year to ensure the maintenance of a complete and accurate register of electors for its registration area;
(b) information on the activities undertaken and measures applied by the registration authority under paragraph (a) in the preceding calendar year to evaluate whether, and if so, how, those activities and measures have contributed to the maintenance of a complete and accurate register of electors for its registration area;
(c) such other matters as may be directed by An CoimisiÃºn in relation to the performance of the functions of a registration authority.
(2) A registration authority may make arrangements with another registration authority or other registration authorities to submit a report jointly with that authority or those authorities for the purpose of discharging its duties under subsection (1).”.
num: 99
paragraphs: Section 21 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
num: 100
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 21:
“21A. (1) Where a person, on inspecting the register of electors has, on reasonable grounds, formed an opinion that information in the register or an entry in the register relating to details of an elector is or are inaccurate, the person may submit a third party claim to the registration authority in a form directed by the Minister.
(2) On receipt of a third party claim, the registration authority may make such inquiries as it considers necessary to satisfy itself as to the correctness of the information in the third party claim having regard to the relevant entry in the register and determine what action, if any, it should take in respect of the claim, and shall inform the claimant and any person who in the opinion of the registration authority may be affected by the proposed action, if any, it proposes to take as a consequence of the claim.
num: 101
paragraphs: Section 46 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in subsection (6)—
(i) in paragraph (a)(i), by the deletion of “in force”,
(ii) in paragraph (d), by the deletion of “subject to paragraph (e)”, and
(iii) by the deletion of paragraph (e),
and
(b) in subsection (7), by the deletion of “a supplement to”.
num: 102
paragraphs: Section 78 of the Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following definitions:
“‘relevant official in the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident’ means the person in charge of the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident or any person authorised by the person in charge who is employed in the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident, but the person shall not be the same person as the person appointed as special presiding officer (if any) under section 80(1);
‘person in charge’ means the owner or operator of the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident or the person under whose direction and control the activities at that place are being conducted;”.
num: 103
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the insertion of, in Part XIV, the following section after section 84:
“84A. Where a person is entered on the special voters list under section 17 but the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident is not accessible to the special presiding officer and as a consequence the special voter would be unable to vote at the poll at the election in accordance with section 82, the returning officer for the constituency in which the special voter is ordinarily resident shall, as circumstances may require—
(a) issue a postal vote to that special voter as if that voter was a postal voter entered on the postal voters list under section 14(d) and in that case Part XIII shall apply, or
(b) apply this Part to voting by that special voter with the modification that references in this Part to ‘member of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na’ shall be read as references to ‘relevant official in the place where the special voter is ordinarily resident’.”,
and
(b) in section 84A(a) (as inserted by paragraph (a)), by the substitution of “section 14(1)(d)” for “section 14(d)”.
num: 104
paragraphs: Section 99 of the Act of 1992 is amended in subsection (2)—
(a) in paragraph (a), by the deletion of—
(i) “a supplement to”, and
(ii) “which the registration authority is empowered to prepare and publish in accordance with section 15A”,
(b)(i) by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (c):
num: 105
paragraphs: Section 133 of the Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
num: 106
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended in the Second Schedule—
(a) in Part I—
(i) by the substitution of the following Rule for Rule 1:
“Register, published register and closing date for registration
num: 1
paragraphs: (1) The register shall be the register of electors including the postal voters list and the special voters list as maintained and updated by a registration authority in accordance with this Schedule and, notwithstanding the omission of their names and addresses from the register under section 15E(3)(b), shall include anonymous electors by such reference as the registration authority considers appropriate.
(2) The register shall be deemed closed from the fourteenth day before polling day (disregarding any excluded day) at an election or referendum, and an application by a person under Part II of this Act, including an application to have his or her name entered in the register, received by the registration authority on or after that fourteenth day (disregarding any excluded day) before polling day shall have no effect in relation to that election or referendum.
(3) The register in force at an election or referendum shall be the register published after the fourteenth day before polling day (disregarding any excluded day) at that election or a referendum and shall include the names of persons (if any) whose applications to be entered in the register were received before that fourteenth day before polling day (disregarding any excluded day) and allowed by the registration authority, or on appeal by the county registrar and, notwithstanding the omission of their names and addresses from the register under section 15E(3)(b), anonymous electors by such reference as the registration authority considers appropriate.
num: 107
paragraphs: Section 63 of the Electoral Act 1997 is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the substitution of “every elector who, subject to section 14(2) of the Act of 1992, applies to be so entered” for “every elector who, not later than the last date for making claims for correction in the draft register, applies to be so entered”, and
(b) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (3):
num: 108
paragraphs: Section 64 of the Electoral Act 1997 is amended, in subsection (1)—
(a) in paragraph (b), by the substitution of “as the case may require.” for “as the case may require;”, and
(b) by the deletion of paragraph (c).
num: 109
paragraphs: Section 66 of the Electoral Act 1997 is amended in subsection (1), by the substitution of “The registration authority shall arrange, at least once every year, for the giving of public notice of—” for “The registration authority shall, within the period of fourteen days ending on the qualifying date for registration as an elector, arrange for the giving of public notice of—”.
num: 110
paragraphs: Section 67 of the Electoral Act 1997 is amended—
(a) in subsection (2)(ii), by the insertion of “and of the applicant’s right to appeal the decision to the county registrar under section 63(3)” after “therefor”, and
(b) in subsection (3), by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (a):
“(a) Section 14(2) of the Act of 1992 shall apply to applications under this Part.”.
num: 111
paragraphs: Section 2 of the Act of 2006 is amended in subsection (1), by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (a):
“(a) applies, subject to section 14(2) of the Act of 1992, to be so entered,”.
num: 112
paragraphs: Section 3 of the Act of 2006 is amended in subsection (1), by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (c):
“(c) the application form, duly completed and accompanied by the certificate referred to in subsection (2), shall be handed to the relevant official who shall send it or cause it to be sent to the registration authority, and where polling day has been appointed in respect of a particular election or referendum, or both, shall be sent so as to be received by the authority before the dates specified in section 14(2) of the Act of 1992.”.
num: 113
paragraphs: Section 5 of the Act of 2006 is amended in subsection (1), by the substitution of “The registration authority shall arrange, at least on an annual basis, for the giving of public notice of—” for “The registration authority shall, within the period of 14 days ending on the qualifying date for registration as an elector, arrange for the giving of public notice of—”.
num: 114
paragraphs: Section 6 of the Act of 2006 is amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (6):
num: 115
paragraphs: The Act of 1997 is amended—
(a) in section 12—
(i) in subsection (3)—
(I) in paragraph (a)(i), by the deletion of “in force”,
(II) in paragraph (d), by the deletion of “subject to paragraph (e),”, and
(III) by the deletion of paragraph (e),
(ii) in subsection (4), by the deletion of “a supplement to”,
num: 116
paragraphs: The Local Elections Regulations 1995 ( S.I. No. 297 of 1995 ) are amended—
(a) in Article 14—
(i) in sub-article (8)—
(I) in paragraph (a)(i), by the deletion of “in force”,
(II) in paragraph (d), by the deletion of “subject to paragraph (e),”, and
(III) by the deletion of paragraph (e),
(ii) in sub-article (9)(a), by the deletion of “the supplement to”,
(b) in sub-article (2) of Article 61—
(i) in subparagraph (a), by the deletion of—
(I) “a supplement to”, and
(II) “which the registration authority is empowered to prepare and publish in accordance with section 15A of the Electoral Act, 1992”,
(ii) by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (b):
num: 117
paragraphs: The Act of 1994 is amended—
(a) in subsection (2) of section 29, by the substitution of “sections 78 and 80 to 84A” for “sections 78 and 80 to 84”, and
(b) in subsection (1A) of section 31—
(i) in paragraph (a), by the deletion of—
(I) “a supplement to”, and
(II) “which the registration authority is empowered to prepare and publish in accordance with section 15A of the Electoral Act, 1992”,
(ii) by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (c):
num: 118
paragraphs: The Act of 1993 is amended—
(a) in subsection (2) of section 41, by the substitution of “sections 78 and 80 to 84A” for “sections 78 and 80 to 84”, and
(b) in subsection (1A) of section 43—
(i) in paragraph (a), by the deletion of—
(I) “a supplement to”,
(II) “which the registration authority is empowered to prepare and publish in accordance with section 15A of the Electoral Act 1992 ”,
(ii) by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (c):
num: 119
paragraphs: (1) In this Part—
“authorised officer” shall be construed in accordance with section 128 ;
“Board” means the members of the Commission referred to in section 9 (1);
“buyer of online political advertisement” means a person who purchases an online political advertisement, or a person on whose behalf an online political advertisement is purchased, for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on an online platform, and unless the context otherwise requires includes a person acting for or on behalf of a buyer (or any intermediary however described);
“company” means a company formed and registered under the Act of 2014 or an existing company within the meaning of that Act;
“electoral period” means the period of time commencing on the day of the making of a polling day order and ending on polling day;
“look-alike targeting” means a targeting method involving the use of data from an existing online audience and which applies the use of data analysis techniques, tools or other methods to identify new persons who have similar characteristics or are engaged in similar activities on an online platform;
“Member State” means a Member State of the European Union;
“micro-targeting” means a targeting method involving the use of data analysis techniques, tools or other methods to address, transmit or communicate a tailored online political advertisement either to a specific person or group of persons or to increase the circulation, reach or visibility of an online political advertisement;
“online archive or library” shall be construed in accordance with section 121 (5);
“online platform” means any host, operator or provider of a website, web application, digital application or other seller of an online political advertisement accessible to the general public or a section of the public that—
(a) has not less than 100,000 unique monthly users in the State for a period of not less than 7 months during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the making of a polling day order, and
(b) receives payment or payment in kind for the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on the provider’s website, web application or digital application;
“online political advertisement” means any form of communication in a digital format for political purposes purchased for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on an online platform during an electoral period and for which a payment or payment in kind is made to the online platform concerned;
“political purposes” shall have the meaning assigned to it by section 22 (2)(aa) of the Electoral Act 1997 ;
“polling day order” means an order made by the Minister appointing a day for the holding of a poll which—
(a) in the case of a DÃ¡il election, is made under section 96(1) of the Act of 1992,
(b) in the case of a European election, is made under section 10(1) of the Act of 1997,
(c) in the case of a local election, is made under section 26(2) of the Act of 2001,
(d) in the case of a presidential election, is made under section 6(1)(c) of the Act of 1993,
(e) in the case of a referendum, is made under section 10 or section 12 of the Act of 1994, or
(f) in the case of a Seanad election, is made under section 12 of the Seanad Electoral (University Members) Act 1937 and under section 24 of the Seanad Electoral (Panel Members) Act 1947 ;
“regulated financial service provider” shall have the meaning assigned to it by section 2 (1) of the Central Bank Act 1942 ;
“seller of an online political advertisement” means a person who receives payment or payment in kind in return for the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement;
“transparency notice” shall be construed in accordance with section 121 (2).
(2) For the purposes of this Part, a company shall be deemed to be resident at its registered office, and every other body corporate and every unincorporated body of persons shall be deemed to be resident at its principal office or place of business.
num: 120
paragraphs: This Part applies to the purchase for placement, display, promotion or dissemination, directly or indirectly including through an intermediary, of an online political advertisement during an electoral period.
num: 121
paragraphs: (1) An online platform shall ensure that an online political advertisement shall—
(a) be labelled with the text “Political Advert” in a conspicuous position where the user will easily see it or be made aware of it, and
(b) include a button, icon, tab, hyperlink or other connection which shall connect the user of the online platform to a transparency notice which is clearly displayed on the online platform placing, displaying, promoting or disseminating that advertisement.
(2) A transparency notice shall be a notice that shall include but shall not be limited to—
(a) the name, postal address, telephone number, email address and, where applicable, the website address of the buyer of the online political advertisement and, where the buyer of the online political advertisement is not the person who has paid or will pay for the advertisement, shall include the same information with respect to the person who has paid or will pay for the advertisement,
(b) confirmation of whether micro-targeting was applied in the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of the online political advertisement and, if so, a description of the criteria or information, and the source of the information, used as the basis for any such micro-targeting and providing a link or connection to the online platform’s policy, if any, on micro-targeting,
(c) confirmation of whether the particular audience at whom the buyer of the online political advertisement intends the advertisement to be directed includes persons included on the basis of the application of look-alike targeting and, if so, a description of the characteristics of, or the activities engaged in by, the particular audience and the source of the information used to identify that particular audience and providing a link or connection to the online platform’s policy, if any, on look-alike targeting,
(d) the total amount paid or due to be paid for the online political advertisement which shall be the aggregate of the amounts paid or due to be paid for the production of the content of the advertisement by, for or on behalf of the buyer of the online political advertisement and for the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of the advertisement by the online platform,
(e) the number of days during which the online political advertisement will be placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on the online platform and the date on which that advertisement will be placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on that online platform and the date on which it will cease to appear on that online platform,
(f) the estimated size of the audience that the buyer of the online political advertisement intends the online political advertisement to reach,
(g) the number of times the online political advertisement has been viewed by users,
(h) an indication of the election or referendum to which the online political advertisement relates,
(i) a link or connection to the online archive or library established and maintained by the online platform under subsection (5), and
(j) information and contact details of the online platform where a person may notify the online platform that an online political advertisement may not or does not comply with this Part.
(3) The information specified in subsection (2) contained in a transparency notice shall be maintained and updated by the online platform in real time.
(4) A transparency notice displayed by an online platform in accordance with subsection (2) shall be notified by the online platform to the Commission as soon as may be after it has been displayed.
(5) (a) Subject to subsection (6), an online platform shall establish, maintain and update in real time an online archive or library comprising each online political advertisement purchased for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on that platform and its accompanying transparency notice.
(b) An online platform shall retain in the online archive or library each online political advertisement placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on that platform and its accompanying transparency notice for a period of not less than 7 years after the end of the period on which the online political advertisement was placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated as provided for in subsection (2)(e).
(c) Where, during the period specified in paragraph (b), an online platform is acquired by or merges with another body corporate, the online platform or, as appropriate, any body corporate that is a successor to or a continuation of that online platform, shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (b).
(6) An online platform shall make available to the public on its platform the online archive or library established, maintained and updated by it in accordance with subsection (5).
(7) Where, during the period specified in subsection (5)(b), an online platform is to be wound up, dissolved, liquidated or otherwise cease trading, the online platform shall make arrangements with the Commission for the transfer to it of the online archive or library, and shall transfer the online archive or library to the Commission in accordance with those arrangements.
(8) An online platform which fails to comply with this section (other than subsection (7)) shall be guilty of an offence.
num: 122
paragraphs: (1) An online platform shall apply the measures required to verify the identity of the buyer of an online political advertisement and the information and documentation provided by such a buyer in accordance with section 123 .
(2) If for any reason the online platform considers that the information and documents provided to the online platform under section 123 are insufficient to verify the identity of the buyer of the online political advertisement, the online platform shall request and obtain such other information and documents from the buyer as are necessary and appropriate in order to verify the identity of the buyer.
(3) An online platform shall not place, display, promote or disseminate an online political advertisement on its platform where a buyer of an online political advertisement fails to provide all the information and documentation required to be provided by the buyer under subsection (1) and, where applicable subsection (2), for so long as the failure continues.
(4) An online platform shall, in accordance with section 136 , keep records of the measures applied and information, documents and records obtained by it to verify the identity and address of a buyer of an online political advertisement.
(5) An online platform which fails to comply with this section (other than subsection (2)) shall be guilty of an offence.
num: 123
paragraphs: (1) An online platform shall apply the measures specified in subsection (2) in relation to the buyer of an online political advertisement prior to the purchase for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State by the buyer of that advertisement.
(2) The measures that shall be applied by an online platform for the purposes of subsection (1) shall consist of the following:
(a) (i) ascertain and verify the identity of the buyer of an online political advertisement on the basis of official documents (whether or not in electronic form) issued by—
(I) a Department of State or other national authority of the State,
(II) the national governmental authorities of another state, or
(III) with respect to a European political party, the Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations,
provided that there are reasonable grounds to be satisfied that the documents can be relied upon to confirm the identity of the buyer, and
(ii) ascertain and verify the address of the buyer of an online political advertisement on the basis of documents (whether or not in electronic form) or information including—
(I) the documents referred to in subparagraph (i), or
(II) documents from a regulated financial service provider or other utility or service provider,
confirming the address of the buyer (whether within the State or not) and that the buyer is a customer of that utility or service provider, provided that there are reasonable grounds to be satisfied that the documents or information can be relied upon to confirm the address of the buyer and that the buyer is resident in the State other than where section 125 (1) applies;
and
(b) obtain from the buyer of an online political advertisement a written statement verified by a statutory declaration as provided for in subsection (5).
(3) When applying the measures specified in subsection (2), an online platform shall take reasonable steps to verify that any person purporting to act for or on behalf of a buyer of an online political advertisement is acting with the approval and consent of the buyer.
(4) An online platform which is unable to apply the measures specified in subsection (2) in relation to a buyer of an online political advertisement as a result of any failure on the part of the buyer to provide the online platform with documents or information required under this section or section 122 (2), or both, shall not place, display, promote or disseminate any online political advertisement purchased by the buyer, or for or on behalf of the buyer, on the online platform where it can be accessed or seen by users of the online platform for so long as the failure remains unrectified.
(5) (a) For the purposes of subsection (2)(b), a buyer of an online political advertisement shall provide to the online platform a written statement, verified by a statutory declaration, that to the best of the knowledge and belief of the person concerned the statement is correct in every material respect and that the person has taken all reasonable action in order to be satisfied that the statement is accurate, confirming—
(i) (I) that the funds for the purchase of the online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State have been provided by the buyer, or
(II) if the funds have been or will be provided by a person other than the buyer, the identity of the person who has provided or will provide the funds for the purchase of the online political advertisement and that the person is not prohibited by law, including under this Part, from purchasing such an advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State,
and
(ii) (I) that the buyer of the online political advertisement is not controlled by any other person, company, body corporate or unincorporated body of persons, or
(II) if the buyer is so controlled, the name and address of the person exercising ultimate control over the buyer.
(b) The written statement and statutory declaration under this subsection shall, where the buyer is a company, a body corporate or an unincorporated body of persons, be made by one of the following persons:
(i) in the case of a company, by a director, secretary or other officer of the company;
(ii) in the case of a body corporate (other than a company) or an unincorporated body of persons, by any officer of the body or any person for the time being performing the functions of an officer of the body.
(6) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), where a buyer of an online political advertisement purchases more than one online political advertisement from an online platform in respect of the same election or referendum, as the case may be, it shall be sufficient for the purposes of compliance with subsections (2) and (5) by the online platform and the buyer respectively if the online platform applies the measures in subsection (2) to the buyer prior to the purchase of the first online political advertisement by that buyer.
(b) Paragraph (a) applies only where the buyer of the online political advertisement is the same buyer and the buyer confirms that there is no change—
(i) in the circumstances relating to that buyer in the period after the application of the measures in subsection (2),
(ii) in the information required to be provided by the buyer of the online political advertisement under sections 121 , 124 , 125 and this section and included in the online political advertisement and its accompanying transparency notice, and
(iii) in any material fact or circumstance in the period since the making by the buyer of the written statement verified by a statutory declaration under subsection (5) and that statement continues to be correct and accurate in every material respect.
(7) Where an online platform becomes or is made aware of information on which there are reasonable grounds to consider that a buyer of an online political advertisement or a person providing the funds to the buyer is prohibited by virtue of this Part from purchasing an online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State, the online platform shall examine the information and documents provided by the buyer prior to the purchase for placement, display, promotion or dissemination of the advertisement, and make such inquiries as are necessary to ascertain the accuracy of the information and veracity of the documents provided by the buyer.
(8) If there are reasonable grounds to conclude that the information or documents provided by the buyer under this section are inaccurate in a material particular, the online platform shall remove the advertisement from its platform immediately on forming that conclusion.
(9) An online platform which fails to comply with subsection (1), (4) or (8) shall be guilty of an offence.
(10) A person who makes a written statement and provides a statutory declaration pursuant to subsection (5) that he or she knows, or ought reasonably to know, is false or misleading in any material particular shall be guilty of an offence.
num: 124
paragraphs: (1) The buyer of an online political advertisement shall provide such information and documents required under sections 121 , 122 , 123 and 125 to an online platform for the purposes of the purchase for placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on an online platform.
(2) The buyer of an online political advertisement shall comply with any reasonable request by an online platform for such information and documents (including information and documents additional to those required under sections 121 , 122 , 123 and 125 ) as may be required by the online platform for the purpose of enabling it to comply with its obligations under those sections.
(3) The buyer of an online political advertisement shall provide to an online platform the information required under section 121 (2) (other than paragraphs (g), (i) and (j)) to be contained in a transparency notice prior to the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on that platform.
(4) The buyer of an online political advertisement shall provide such information as may be required in order to enable the online platform to comply with its obligations under section 121 (3) and shall, where the buyer wishes to extend the period during which the advertisement is placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on that online platform, inform the online platform of that fact and provide up to date information to the online platform in relation to any matter required under section 121 to be included in the transparency notice.
(5) Notwithstanding subsections (2) and (3), a buyer of an online political advertisement may, at any time up to the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on an online platform, decide not to provide the information and documents required under sections 121 , 122 , 123 and 125 or any additional information and documents requested by the online platform under this section, and in that case, the buyer shall confirm that decision in writing to the online platform.
(6) A buyer who provides information or documents to an online platform pursuant to subsection (2), (3) or (4), that the buyer knows, or ought reasonably to know, is false or misleading in any material particular shall be guilty of an offence.
(7) In this Part, where a person is acting for or on behalf of a buyer of an online political advertisement any obligation imposed on the buyer shall be construed as an obligation on the person acting for or on behalf of the buyer, but the buyer remains liable—
(a) for any failure to comply with an obligation under this section by a person acting for or on behalf of the buyer, and
(b) for complying with any such obligation imposed on the buyer under this Part.
num: 125
paragraphs: (1) Notwithstanding section 123 , an online political advertisement shall not, directly or indirectly, be placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated in the State by a person resident at an address outside the State, unless the buyer of the online political advertisement—
(a) is a natural person and provides evidence that he or she is a citizen of Ireland,
(b) is a company, body corporate or an unincorporated body of persons, and the buyer provides evidence that it maintains an office in the State from which the buyer carries on one or more than one of the buyer’s principal activities or from which the carrying on of those activities are directed,
(c) is a natural person and provides evidence that he or she is a national of a Member State (other than the State) and the online political advertisement relates to an election to the European Parliament held in the State in accordance with the Act of 1997,
(d) is a company, body corporate or an unincorporated body of persons, and the buyer provides evidence that it is registered or incorporated in a Member State (other than the State) in accordance with the laws of that Member State and maintains an office in that Member State from which the buyer carries on one or more than one of the buyer’s principal activities or from which the carrying on of those activities are directed and the online political advertisement relates to an election to the European Parliament held in the State in accordance with the Act of 1997, or
(e) is a European political party and provides evidence of its registration under Regulation (EU, Euratom) No. 1141/2014 and the online political advertisement relates to an election to the European Parliament held in the State in accordance with the Act of 1997.
(2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall operate to prevent the buyer of an online political advertisement from purchasing an online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State if the buyer is a natural person and is resident at an address in the State.
(3) The purchase of an online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State by a buyer of an online political advertisement referred to in subsection (1)(b), shall be arranged through the buyer’s office in the State.
(4) For the purposes of this section, an online platform is deemed to know that a person referred to in subsection (1) is resident at an address outside the State if there are reasonable grounds for concluding that the online platform so knows on the basis of—
(a) information in the possession of the online platform (whether obtained under section 122 , 123 , 124 or otherwise),
(b) in a case where the online platform has contravened section 122 or 123 , information that would have been in the possession of the online platform if it had complied with that provision or those provisions, or
(c) public information that is widely available.
(5) Subject to subsection (1), a person resident outside the State shall not, directly or indirectly, purchase an online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State.
(6) An online platform which places, displays, promotes or disseminates an online political advertisement purchased by a person who is prohibited by this section from purchasing such an advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination in the State shall be guilty of an offence.
num: 126
paragraphs: (1) A notice placed or displayed on an online platform by the persons specified in subsection (2) for the purpose, and in the course, of performing their statutory functions under the enactments specified in subsection (3) shall not be construed as being an “online political advertisement” for the purposes of this Part.
(2) The following persons are specified for the purposes of subsection (1):
(a) the Minister;
(b) the Commission;
(c) a returning officer (within the meaning of section 30 of the Act of 1992);
(d) the presidential returning officer and a local returning officer (within the meaning of sections 9 and 10, respectively, of the Act of 1993);
(e) the referendum returning officer and a local returning officer (within the meaning of sections 14 and 15, respectively, of the Act of 1994);
(f) the chief returning officer, a returning officer and a local returning officer (within the meaning of sections 15A, 16 and 17, respectively, of the Act of 1997);
(g) a returning officer (within the meaning of section 14 of the Seanad Electoral (University Members) Act 1937 );
(h) the Seanad returning officer (within the meaning of section 4 of the Seanad Electoral (Panel Members) Act 1947 );
(i) a returning officer (within the meaning of Article 4 of the Local Elections Regulations 1995);
(j) a local authority.
(3) The enactments specified for the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) are:
(a) the Electoral Acts 1992 to 2022;
(b) the European Parliament Elections Act 1992 to 2022;
(c) the Presidential Elections Acts 1992 to 2006;
(d) the Referendum Acts 1922 to 2022;
(e) the Seanad Electoral (Panel Members) Acts 1947 to 2018;
(f) the Seanad Electoral (University Members) Acts 1937 to 2015;
(g) the Local Elections Regulations 1995.
num: 127
paragraphs: (1) For the purposes of this Part, the Commission shall have the following functions:
(a) to monitor online political advertising and online political advertisements;
(b) to monitor online platforms with respect to their role in the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of online political advertisements;
(c) to monitor buyers of online political advertisements and the online political advertisements purchased by them for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on online platforms;
(d) to encourage compliance with this Part, which may include the publication of notices (which shall be in both the Irish and English languages) containing practical guidance as to how those provisions may be complied with;
(e) to carry out such investigations as it considers appropriate, on the basis of information obtained on its own initiative or having regard to information provided to it by any person, into any suspected breach of this Part that may be occurring or has occurred;
(f) to decide appeals from directions given by the chief executive under section 133 ;
(g) to enforce the relevant statutory provisions in this Part;
(h) to make such arrangements as may be necessary to arrange for the transfer to it of online archives or libraries of online platforms as provided for under section 121 and to maintain such online archives or libraries for a period after such transfer so that each online political advertisement and its accompanying transparency notice in an online archive or library transferred to the Commission shall be maintained for a period of 7 years in total from the date of its inclusion in that archive or library;
(i) to identify any trends in relation to contraventions or other matters that may be relevant to the Commission’s functions under this Part raised by investigations by the Commission or directions by the chief executive and prepare and publish, in both the Irish and English languages, reports on such trends;
(j) to prepare and publish, in both the Irish and English languages, such information in connection with online political advertising to the public as it considers appropriate;
(k) such other functions relating to paragraphs (a) to (j) as may be appropriate.
(2) The Commission, in performing any of its functions under this Part, may where it considers it appropriate and to the extent that it may be necessary, appoint authorised officers to assist the Commission in the performance of its functions.
(3) In performing its functions under this Part, the Commission may co-operate and collaborate with other statutory authorities whether in the State or elsewhere in connection with online political advertising and related matters.
(4) The Commission shall have all such powers as are necessary or expedient for, or incidental to, the performance of its functions under this Part and shall ensure that those functions are performed effectively and efficiently.
num: 128
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may at any time appoint in writing such and so many persons, including members of the staff of the Commission or other suitably qualified persons, as it considers appropriate to be authorised officers for the purpose of the performance by the Commission of any of its functions under this Part.
(2) An authorised officer shall, on his or her appointment, be furnished by the Commission with a warrant of his or her appointment, and shall, when exercising a power conferred by this Part, if requested by any person affected, produce the warrant of appointment to that person for inspection.
(3) The Commission may revoke in writing any appointment made by it under subsection (1), whether or not the appointment was for a fixed period.
(4) An appointment of an authorised officer under this section shall cease—
(a) if it is revoked in writing by the Commission,
(b) if it is for a fixed period, on the expiry of that period, or
(c) if the person appointed is a member of the staff of the Commission, when that person ceases to be a member of staff of the Commission.
(5) Where the Commission is satisfied that an authorised officer or other member of the staff of the Commission has discharged his or her duties in pursuance of the functions of the Commission under this Part in good faith, the Commission may, in the manner and to the extent and subject to the terms and conditions that the Commission may determine from time to time in consultation with the Minister, indemnify the authorised officer or other member of staff against all actions or claims however they arise in respect of the discharge by him or her of his or her duties.
(6) A person who falsely represents himself or herself to be an authorised officer shall be guilty of an offence.
(7) In this section, “suitably qualified person” means any person (other than a member of the staff of the Commission) who, in the opinion of the Commission, has the qualifications and experience or expertise necessary to exercise the powers conferred on an authorised officer under this Part.
num: 129
paragraphs: (1) Without prejudice to section 133 , the Commission may, for the purpose of performing any of its functions under this Part, monitor or make arrangements with other suitable persons for the carrying out of monitoring on its behalf of, the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of online political advertisements and related matters on online platforms by buyers of online political advertisements and of compliance by online platforms and buyers of online political advertisements with their obligations under this Part.
(2) Without prejudice to section 16 , the Commission may engage any person to assist it in the performance of its functions under subsection (1) and, for that purpose, it may do any or all of the following:
(a) enter into a contract with any person on such terms and conditions and for such period as the Commission considers appropriate;
(b) pay out of the funds at its disposal, to any person referred to in paragraph (a), such fees (if any) or allowances for expenses (if any) incurred by the person as the Commission may determine.
(3) Any person may provide to the Commission information concerning any matter in respect of which the person has reason to believe that there may have been, or may be, a contravention of the requirements of this Part including in relation to—
(a) an online political advertisement placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on an online platform and its accompanying transparency notice,
(b) an online archive or library established and maintained by an online platform under section 121 (5),
(c) an online platform with respect to the placement, display, promotion or dissemination by it of an online political advertisement, or
(d) a buyer of an online political advertisement with respect to an online political advertisement purchased by the buyer and which an online platform has placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on its platform.
num: 130
paragraphs: (1) Where the Commission has reason to believe, whether on the basis of information obtained itself or provided to it by any person or otherwise, that there is, has or may have been a contravention of this Part, the Commission may examine or investigate,and may, for that purpose, authorise or direct any member of staff of the Commission (other than the chief executive when he or she is performing his or her functions under section 133 ) or appoint an authorised officer to examine or investigate, any suspected contravention.
(2) The Commission may make such inquiries as it considers appropriate or direct an authorised officer or a member of its staff (other than the chief executive when he or she is performing his or her functions under section 133 ) to make such inquiries, and the Commission, or an authorised officer or member of staff, may require any person to furnish without delay any information, document or relevant thing in the possession or procurement of that person which the Commission or an authorised officer or member of staff may require for the purposes of an investigation.
(3) (a) An authorised officer or member of staff shall carry out an investigation authorised under subsection (1) with all due expedition consistent with fairness and efficiency and may make such inquiries as he or she considers appropriate.
(b) Where the person carrying out the investigation under this section is an authorised officer he or she may, for the purposes of making any inquiries as in his or her opinion may be required, use any one or more of his or her powers under section 137 .
(4) Following the carrying out of the investigation, an authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission shall prepare a draft report of the findings of his or her investigation under subsection (3) including whether, in his or her opinion, there are reasonable grounds for believing that a contravention has or has not occurred and the reasons for his or her findings and opinion.
(5) The authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission shall provide his or her draft report to any person who, in the opinion of the authorised officer or member of staff, may be contravening or has contravened his or her obligations under this Part, and shall invite the person to make submissions in writing within the period specified by the authorised officer or member of staff in relation to his or her opinion and the draft report.
(6) The authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission shall consider any submissions made to him or her under subsection (5) and, if he or she considers it appropriate, shall revise his or her draft report on foot of any such submissions, and shall include in the report prepared by him or her a summary of the submissions (if any) received by him or her.
(7) The authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission shall, having considered any submissions made to him or her under subsection (5), prepare a report and shall—
(a) set out whether or not in his or her opinion the person is contravening or has contravened this Part,
(b) if he or she considers that the person is contravening or has contravened this Part, make any recommendation as he or she considers appropriate as to what action, if any, the Commission may take in respect of any such contravention, and
(c) present the report and any submissions made to him or her under subsection (5) to the Commission.
(8) The Commission shall consider the report, any submissions made and any recommendations by the authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission presented to it under subsection (7).
(9) The Commission may, as it considers appropriate, invite any person who, in the opinion of the authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission, there are reasonable grounds for believing may be contravening, may have contravened or has contravened his or her obligations under this Part to make further submissions in writing to the Commission within the period specified by it in relation to the opinion of, and the report presented to the Commission under subsection (7) by, the authorised officer or member of staff.
(10) Following consideration of the report and any recommendations made by the authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission under subsection (7), and any further submissions under subsection (9), the Commission may—
(a) take no further action,
(b) if it is satisfied that a contravention is taking or has taken place, issue a compliance notice under section 131 with respect to any person whom the Commission considers is contravening or has contravened the requirements of this Part,
(c) publish the report of the investigation, or
(d) if it is satisfied that a contravention is taking or has taken place, bring a prosecution in respect of any offence that may have been committed in accordance with section 140 (4).
(11) Nothing in this Act shall operate to prevent the Commission exercising any of its powers under this Part as it considers appropriate either during or outside an electoral period.
(12) For the purposes of this Part, the Commission may give such directives to an authorised officer or member of its staff (other than the chief executive when he or she is performing his or her functions under section 133 ) as it considers appropriate in the circumstances.
(13) Nothing in this section shall affect the exercise by an authorised officer of any power which, apart from this section, he or she could exercise by virtue of section 137 , either during or outside an electoral period in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement in the State.
num: 131
paragraphs: (1) Where the Commission is satisfied, following receipt of a report under section 130 , that there is or has been a contravention by a person of the obligations under this Part, the Commission may serve a notice in writing (in this Part referred to as a “compliance notice”) on the person.
(2) A compliance notice shall—
(a) state the reasons for the Commission being satisfied that there is or has been a contravention referred to in subsection (1),
(b) identify any provision of this Part with respect to which the Commission is satisfied that there is or has been a contravention,
(c) direct the person to take such action as is necessary to bring the contravention to an end or to otherwise remedy the contravention in any other manner as the Commission may specify,
(d) specify the date by which the person is to comply with the compliance notice,
(e) specify the date and time by which the person to whom a compliance notice is addressed shall confirm to the Commission that the notice has been complied with,
(f) state that the person may appeal the compliance notice to the District Court under section 132 and include information specifying—
(i) the form and manner of such an appeal, and
(ii) the service address of the Commission for the purposes of notifying the Commission of the making of the appeal under section 132 ,
(g) state that, if an appeal is not made in accordance with section 132 and within the period specified in that section, then—
(i) the compliance notice will be treated as not disputed, and
(ii) the person will be deemed to have accepted the compliance notice and have agreed to comply with it,
and
(h) state that if the person to whom the compliance notice is given fails to comply with the notice the person shall be guilty of an offence.
(3) The date specified under subsection (2)(d) shall not be earlier than the end of the period within which an appeal may be made under section 132 .
(4) The Commission may—
(a) other than where an appeal has been made to the District Court under section 132 (1), amend the compliance notice,
(b) withdraw the notice at any time, or
(c) if no appeal is made or pending under section 132 (1), extend the date specified in the notice under subsection (2)(d).
(5) Withdrawal by the Commission of a compliance notice under subsection (4)(b) does not prevent the Commission serving another compliance notice on the person, whether in respect of the same matter or a different matter, as circumstances may require.
(6) The Commission may, notwithstanding that the judge of the District Court has not made any direction under section 132 (6), conduct a fresh investigation under section 130 into a matter the subject of a previous compliance notice (and the provisions of section 130 and this section shall apply to any such investigation).
(7) A person to whom a compliance notice has been given who fails to comply with, or causes or permits another person to fail to comply with, the notice shall be guilty of an offence.
(8) Where in the opinion of the Commission, a person to whom a compliance notice was served is failing or has failed to comply with the notice by or on the day specified in the notice or, where an appeal was made under section 132 (1), on the day after the day on which the notice is confirmed or varied on appeal, the Commission may apply to a judge of the District Court in the district court district in which the notice was served or the appeal was heard and determined for an order directing the person to comply with the notice, or the notice as so varied, and the Court may, as it thinks fit, on the hearing of the application, make or refuse to make such an order.
num: 132
paragraphs: (1) An appeal may be made to a judge of the District Court in the district court district in which the compliance notice under section 131 was served on a person by the Commission under section 131 (1) not later than 7 days from the date on which the compliance notice was served.
(2) An appeal under subsection (1)—
(a) shall be in writing,
(b) shall, subject to subsection (3), state all of the grounds on which the appeal is made and provide all of the documents intended to be relied on to support those grounds, and
(c) shall, as soon as may be after it is made to the District Court, be addressed to and be delivered or sent so as to reach the Commission within the period specified in subsection (1).
(3) An appeal shall be made on one or more of the following grounds only:
(a) that the Commission in making its decision committed a serious and significant error of law or fact, or a series of minor errors of law or fact which when taken together amount to a serious and significant error;
(b) that the Commission did not comply with fair procedures in making its decision.
(4) The Commission shall be entitled to appear, be heard and adduce evidence on the hearing of the appeal.
(5) In determining an appeal of a compliance notice under this section, the judge may—
(a) confirm the notice,
(b) vary the notice on such terms as he or she considers appropriate, or
(c) set aside the notice.
(6) Where the judge of the District Court sets aside the compliance notice under subsection (5)(c) he or she may, as the Court considers appropriate, direct the Commission to—
(a) conduct a fresh investigation under section 130 into the matter (and the provisions of this section shall apply to such an investigation), or
(b) publish in a specified manner notice of the decision of the Court.
(7) If, on appeal, the compliance notice is not set aside, the notice takes effect on the later of the following:
(a) the day after the day on which the notice is confirmed or varied on appeal;
(b) if the appeal is withdrawn by the appellant, the day after the day it is withdrawn;
(c) the day specified in the notice.
(8) If there is no appeal under subsection (1), the compliance notice takes effect on the day specified in the notice.
(9) If there is no appeal under subsection (1), or if the compliance notice is confirmed or varied on appeal, the Commission may publish, in such manner as it thinks fit, notice of the issuing of the compliance notice or the notice as so varied by the Court under subsection (5)(b), to the person including the giving of any advice on the conduct of the person which is giving rise or has given rise to the contravention.
(10) There shall be no appeal to the Circuit Court from a decision of the District Court under this section.
num: 133
paragraphs: (1) (a) Without prejudice to section 131 , where, during an electoral period, the chief executive is satisfied from information available to him or her, whether obtained through monitoring of online political advertisements by the Commission, referral to him or her by the Board, information provided by any person or otherwise, that there is or has been a clear contravention of sections 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 or 125 the chief executive may give a direction in writing (in this Part referred to as a “direction”) to an online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, that he or she is so satisfied that such a contravention is taking or has taken place and to do or to refrain from doing anything which the chief executive specifies in the direction and to bring the contravention to an end.
(b) A direction shall take effect immediately upon service on the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom it is addressed and shall, other than where subsection (2)(h) or subsection (6), (7) or (8) of section 134 apply, continue in effect until the end of the electoral period.
(c) The chief executive may publish any direction given by him or her in such manner as he or she thinks fit.
(2) A direction referred to in subsection (1) shall—
(a) state the reasons for the chief executive being satisfied that there is or has been a contravention of a provision of sections 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 or 125 ,
(b) identify the provision of this Part with respect to which the chief executive is satisfied that there is or has been a contravention,
(c) specify the action which the online platform, the buyer of the online political advertisement, or both, shall take with respect to the online political advertisement and its accompanying transparency notice, as the case may require, to remedy the contravention,
(d) specify any action which the online platform, the buyer of the online political advertisement, or both, shall refrain from taking with respect to the online political advertisement and its accompanying transparency notice, as the case may require,
(e) specify any information required under the direction to be given to the chief executive by the online platform, the buyer of the online political advertisement, or both, in respect of any matter specified in the direction,
(f) specify the date and time by which the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom a direction is addressed is to comply with the direction,
(g) specify the date and time by which the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom a direction is addressed shall confirm to the chief executive that the direction has been complied with,
(h) state that the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom a direction is addressed may appeal the direction in writing to the Board under section 134 (1) within the period specified in that subsection, and include information specifying—
(i) the form and manner of such an appeal, and
(ii) the service address of the Board for the purposes of making the appeal under section 134 (1),
(i) state that, if an appeal is not made in accordance with section 134 and within the period specified in that section, then—
(i) the direction will be treated as not disputed, and
(ii) the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, will be deemed to have accepted the direction and has or have agreed to comply with it,
and
(j) state that if the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom the direction is given fails to comply with the direction he, she or it shall be guilty of an offence.
(3) The action specified as being required under subsection (2)(c) may include a requirement to suspend the online political advertisement and its accompanying transparency notice on the online platform from where it can be accessed or seen by users of the platform until the contravention is brought to an end or otherwise remedied in accordance with the direction.
(4) The chief executive may request in writing information from any person within the period specified in the request as he or she may reasonably require for the purposes of the performance of his or her functions under subsection (1).
(5) The chief executive may amend (including to extend the date and time specified in subsection (2)(f) and (g)) or withdraw any direction given by him or her under this section, other than where—
(a) an appeal has been made to the Board under section 134 (1),
(b) an order has been made by the High Court in relation to the direction under subsection (8) or (9),
(c) on appeal to it under section 134 (1), the Board has made a determination under section 134 (7) varying or cancelling the direction, or
(d) on an appeal to it under section 134 (1), the determination of the Board under section 134 (7) confirming or varying the direction is the subject of an application for leave to apply for judicial review or an application for such judicial review.
(6) Withdrawal by the chief executive of a direction under subsection (5) does not prevent the chief executive giving another direction to the online platform or the buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, whether in respect of the same matter or a different matter, as circumstances may require.
(7) An online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to whom a direction has been given by the chief executive who fails to comply with, or causes or permits another person to fail to comply with, the direction shall be guilty of an offence.
(8) Where, in the opinion of the chief executive, an online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement to whom a direction was given is failing or has failed to comply with the direction by or on the date and time specified in the direction or, where an appeal was made under section 134 (1) and the direction was varied by the Board on appeal, the direction as so varied, the chief executive may, by motion, apply to the High Court for an order directing the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement, or both, to comply with the direction, or the direction as so varied, and the Court may, as it thinks fit, on the hearing of the application, make or refuse to make such an order or make such order including an order varying the direction as it considers appropriate in the circumstances.
(9) (a) The High Court, when considering the application under subsection (8), may make such interim or interlocutory order (if any) as it considers appropriate.
(b) The order of the High Court determining the application under subsection (8) may contain such terms and conditions (if any) as to the payment of costs as the Court considers appropriate.
(10) Nothing in this section shall operate to prevent the Commission (including the Board) providing information to the chief executive for the purpose of the performance by him or her of his or her functions under this section.
num: 134
paragraphs: (1)(a) An appeal may be made to the Board in respect of a direction given by the chief executive under section 133 (1) not later than 3 days from the date on which the direction was served, but the making of an appeal shall not, pending the outcome of the appeal, affect the operation of the direction, unless the Board otherwise directs.
(b) An appeal under paragraph (a) may be made by—
(i) the online platform, or
(ii) where the direction materially affects the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on the online platform, the buyer of the online political advertisement concerned.
(c) Where an appeal is made by—
(i) an online platform as provided for by paragraph (b)(i), the buyer of the online political advertisement shall be entitled to make submissions to, and if an oral hearing is conducted, to be heard by, the Board in relation to the matters the subject of the appeal, or
(ii) a buyer of an online political advertisement as provided for by paragraph (b)(ii), the online platform on which the online political advertisement concerned is placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated shall be entitled to make submissions to, and if an oral hearing is conducted, to be heard by, the Board in relation to the matters the subject of the appeal.
(2) An appeal under subsection (1)—
(a) shall be in writing,
(b) shall state all of the grounds on which the appeal is made and provide to the Board all of the documents and evidence intended to be relied on to support those grounds, and
(c) shall be addressed to the chairperson of the Board and be delivered or sent so as to reach the chairperson within the period specified in subsection (1).
(3) The Board shall determine an appeal without an oral hearing unless, having regard to the particular circumstances of the appeal, it considers that it is necessary to conduct an oral hearing in order to properly and fairly determine the appeal.
(4) The Board may make such rules and establish such procedures in relation to the conduct of appeals and oral hearings as it considers appropriate and shall publish those rules and procedures on a website maintained by or on behalf of the Commission.
(5) The chairperson of the Board shall have discretion as to the conduct of an oral hearing under this section and shall conduct the hearing or ensure that the hearing is conducted expeditiously and without undue formality.
(6) The Board, in determining an appeal under this section—
(a) shall consider the grounds for the appeal stated pursuant to subsection (2)(b),
(b) shall consider the online political advertisement or its accompanying transparency notice, or both, and any such other information in connection with the online political advertisement or its accompanying transparency notice as, in the opinion of the Board, may be relevant to its determination, and
(c) may, where it considers it necessary or expedient for the fair and proper determination of the appeal, have regard to such submissions, documents or evidence not contained in the direction as the Board considers appropriate.
(7) In determining an appeal under this section, the Board may, if satisfied that it is reasonable to do so—
(a) confirm the direction,
(b) vary the direction on such terms as it considers appropriate, or
(c) cancel the direction.
(8) If, on appeal, the Board varies the direction, the direction as so varied takes effect immediately on the determination of the appeal.
(9) The Board may, for the purpose of ensuring the efficient, fair and timely determination of an appeal, specify procedures in respect of the conduct of the appeal.
(10) The Board may request in writing information from any person within the period specified in the request as it may reasonably require for the purposes of the performance of its functions under this section.
(11) An appeal under this section shall be heard by the Board or by such specified member or members of the Board as may be appointed by the Board to hear the appeal.
(12) An appeal under this section shall be heard and determined as soon as is practicable.
(13) Nothing in this section shall operate to prevent the Board providing information to the chief executive for the purpose of the performance by him or her of his or her functions under section 133 .
num: 135
paragraphs: Nothing in this Part shall be construed as limiting the entitlement of a person affected by a decision of the Commission to apply to the High Court to seek relief by way of an application for judicial review.
num: 136
paragraphs: (1) An online platform shall retain information, documents and records evidencing the procedures and measures applied, and the information and documents obtained, by it for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with subsections (2) and (5) of section 121 , subsections (1) and (2) of section 122 , subsections (1), (2), (3), (5) and (7) of section 123 and subsections (1) and (4)(a) of section 125 for a period of 30 months after the date on which a buyer of an online political advertisement purchased an online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on the platform or the date on which the online platform removed from its platform an online political advertisement placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on the platform by the buyer, whichever is the later.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), an online platform shall—
(a) take and retain the original or a copy of all documents, information or records provided by a buyer of an online political advertisement to the online platform and used by it to verify the identity and address of the buyer, and
(b) retain documents and records generated by the online platform in relation to the purchase of an online political advertisement and its placement, display, promotion or dissemination on the platform by a buyer of an online political advertisement.
(3) A buyer of an online political advertisement shall retain information, documents and records evidencing the information and documents provided by him, her or it for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with section 121 (2), subsections (1) and (2) of section 122 , subsection (2), (3), (5) and (7) of section 124 and section 125 (1) for a period of 30 months after the date on which the buyer of the online political advertisement purchased the online political advertisement for placement, display, promotion or dissemination on an online platform or the date on which the online platform removed from its platform the online political advertisement placed, displayed, promoted or disseminated on the platform by the buyer, whichever is the later.
(4) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (3), a buyer of an online political advertisement shall—
(a) retain the original or a copy of all documents, information or records provided by the buyer to the online platform to verify the buyer’s identity and address, and
(b) retain documents and records generated by the buyer in relation to the purchase of an online political advertisement and its placement, display, promotion or dissemination on the online platform by the buyer.
(5) An online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement may retain the documents, information or records wholly or partly in electronic, mechanical or other non-written form only if they are capable of being reproduced in a written form.
(6) The documents, information or records required to be retained by an online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement shall be retained in the State and shall be made available on request, to—
(a) the Commission,
(b) the chief executive,
(c) an authorised officer, or
(d) a member of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na.
(7) The requirements imposed by this section are in addition to and not in substitution for any other requirements imposed by any other enactment or rule of law with respect to the keeping and retention of documents, information or records by an online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement.
(8) The obligations imposed on an online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement under this section shall continue to apply to the online platform and the buyer of an online political advertisement notwithstanding that the online platform has ceased the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement on its platform or has removed an online political advertisement from its platform.
(9) A requirement for an online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement that is a body corporate to retain any documents, information or records under this section extends to any body corporate that is a successor to, or continuation of, the body corporate.
(10) An online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement who or which fails to comply with this section shall be guilty of an offence.
num: 137
paragraphs: (1) For the purposes of this Part and ensuring compliance with its provisions, an authorised officer may—
(a) subject to subsection (3) enter (if necessary by the use of reasonable force) or, where the premises is a vehicle, stop and enter (if necessary by the use of reasonable force) at all reasonable times any premises—
(i) that he or she has reasonable grounds for believing has been or is being used in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement, and
(ii) at which he or she has reasonable grounds for believing that information, documentation, books, records or relevant things in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement are kept,
and search and inspect the premises and any information, documentation, books, records or relevant things at that premises,
(b) secure for later inspection any premises or any part of any premises which is being used in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement, or where such information, documentation, books, records or relevant things are kept or there are reasonable grounds for believing that such information, documentation, books, records or relevant things are kept, for such period as may reasonably be necessary for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part,
(c) require any person employed in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement to produce to the authorised officer such information, documentation, books or records and where such information, documentation, books or records are kept in non-legible form to reproduce in a legible form and to give him or her any information as the officer may reasonably require in relation to such information, documentation, books or records,
(d) inspect and take copies of, or extracts from, any such information, documentation, books, records or relevant things at the premises in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement, including in the case of information in non-legible form, copies of or extracts from such information in a permanent legible form or require that such a copy be provided,
(e) make a record whether in writing, by photography or otherwise of any information, documentation, books, records or relevant things at the premises in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement,
(f) remove and retain such information, documentation, books, records or relevant things in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement for such periods as he or she reasonably considers to be necessary for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part,
(g) require any such person to give to the authorised officer any information which the authorised officer may reasonably require in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement,
(h) require any such person to give to the authorised officer any other assistance or information which the authorised officer may reasonably require in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement,
(i) require any person by or on whose behalf data equipment is or has been used or any person having charge of, or otherwise concerned with the operation of, the data equipment or any associated apparatus or material, to afford the authorised officer all reasonable assistance in relation to it and assist in the retrieval of information connected with the operation of such data equipment, apparatus or material,
(j) summon, at any reasonable time, any other person employed in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement to give the authorised officer any information which the authorised officer may reasonably require and to produce to the authorised officer any records which are in the power, possession or control of that other person,
(k) carry out, or arrange to have carried out, inspections and such checks of the premises or relevant things on the premises as he or she reasonably considers to be necessary for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part,
(l) pay or make tender of payment for the purchase of an online political advertisement, or confirm, by such other manner as he or she considers appropriate, that the requirements of this Part are being complied with,
(m) require a person, who makes available facilities such as post office boxes, telecommunications or electronic mail addresses or other like facilities, to give him or her such assistance and information as he or she reasonably considers to be necessary for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part in any case where the officer has reasonable grounds for believing that an online political advertisement is being commissioned by mail or other means of delivery,
(n) at the direction of the Commission, serve compliance notices, and
(o) take possession of and remove from the premises for examination and analysis any relevant things in connection with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement, and detain them for such period as he or she reasonably considers to be necessary for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part.
(2) When performing a function under this Part, an authorised officer may, subject to any warrant under subsection (5), be accompanied by such number of authorised officers or members of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na as he or she considers appropriate.
(3) An authorised officer shall not enter a dwelling, other than—
(a) with the consent of the occupier, or
(b) pursuant to a warrant under subsection (5).
(4) Where an authorised officer is, in the exercise of his or her powers under this section, prevented from entering any premises an application may be made under subsection (5) authorising such entry.
(5) Without prejudice to the powers conferred on an authorised officer under this section, where a judge of the District Court is satisfied on the sworn information of an authorised officer that there are reasonable grounds to suspect that—
(a) there is information required by an authorised officer for the purposes of his or her functions under this Part on or at any, or any part of any dwelling,
(b) information, documentation (including documentation stored in non-legible form), books, records or relevant things referred to in subsection (1)(a) are being stored or kept in any dwelling, or
(c) a dwelling is occupied in whole or in part by an undertaking engaged in association with any trade, business or activity connected with the placement, display, promotion or dissemination of an online political advertisement,
the judge may issue a warrant authorising an authorised officer (accompanied, where appropriate, by such other authorised officers or members of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na or both as may be necessary) at any time or times within one month of the date of issue of the warrant, on production if so requested of the warrant, to enter the premises or dwelling as the case may be, using reasonable force where necessary, and exercise all or any of the powers conferred on an authorised officer under this section.
(6) A person who—
(a) obstructs or interferes with an authorised officer or a member of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na in the course of exercising a power under this section,
(b) fails or refuses to comply with a requirement of an authorised officer or a member of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na under this section,
(c) fails or refuses to comply with a request of an authorised officer under subsection (1),
(d) in purported compliance with a compliance notice gives information that is false or misleading in a material respect, or
(e) fails or refuses to comply with a requirement of an authorised officer under subsection (7),
shall be guilty of an offence.
(7) Where an authorised officer, upon reasonable grounds, believes that a person has committed an offence under this Part, he or she may require that person to provide him or her with his or her name and the address at which he or she ordinarily resides and, if the authorised officer considers it necessary, to produce corroborative evidence of his or her name and address.
(8) A statement or admission made by a person pursuant to a requirement under subsection (1) shall not be admissible as evidence in proceedings brought against the person for an offence under this Act (other than an offence under paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d) of subsection (6)).
(9) The powers of an authorised officer conferred on him or her by or under this section shall apply, in like manner and with all necessary modifications, to the Commission.
(10) In this section—
“data equipment” means any electronic, photographic, magnetic, optical or other equipment for processing data;
“record” includes, in addition to a record in writing—
(a) a disc, tape, sound-track or other device in which information, sounds or signals are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other instrument) of being reproduced in legible or audible form,
(b) a film, tape or other device in which visual images are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other instrument) of being reproduced in visual form, and
(c) a photograph,
and any reference to a copy of a record includes—
(i) in the case of a record to which paragraph (a) applies, a transcript of the sounds or signals embodied therein,
(ii) in the case of a record to which paragraph (b) applies, a still reproduction of the images embodied therein, and
(iii) in the case of a record to which paragraph (a) and (b) apply, such a transcript together with such a still reproduction.
num: 138
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may at any time, by notice in writing, require an online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement to provide it with such written information which the Commission shall specify in the notice as it considers necessary to enable it to carry out its functions under this Part.
(2) An online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement shall be guilty of an offence if he or she or it—
(a) fails to comply with a requirement made under subsection (1) within the period specified in the notice or within such extended period as the Commission allows, or
(b) in purporting to comply with such a requirement, provides to the Commission information that the online platform or buyer knows to be false or misleading.
(3) In proceedings for an offence under subsection (2)(a), it is a defence if the online platform or buyer of an online political advertisement establishes—
(a) that he or she or it did not know and could not be reasonably expected to know or ascertain the required information, or
(b) that the disclosure of the information was prohibited by a law of the State.
(4) If, after being convicted of an offence under this section, an online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement continues to fail to comply with the requirement made under subsection (1), the online platform or the buyer commits a further offence on each day or part of a day during which the failure continues.
num: 139
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may require any person (other than an online platform or a buyer of an online political advertisement) who possesses information or possesses or controls a document or relevant thing that is relevant to the performance by the Commission of any of its functions under this Part to provide the information, document or thing to the Commission and, where appropriate, may require the person to attend before it for the purpose of the performance by the Commission of any of those functions.
(2) A person referred to in subsection (1) shall co-operate with the Commission in its performance of its functions and answer fully and truthfully any question put to him or her by it.
(3) Where a person fails to comply with a requirement made under subsection (1), the Commission may apply to the High Court, on notice to the person, and the High Court may—
(a) order the person to comply with the requirement, and
(b) include in the order any other provision it considers necessary to enable the order to have full effect.
(4) If the person fails to comply with an order of the High Court under subsection (3), the Court may treat the failure for all purposes as if it were a contempt of the Court.
(5) Any information, document or relevant thing provided by a person in accordance with a requirement made under subsection (1) shall not be admissible in any criminal proceedings against the person, and this shall be explained to the person in ordinary language by the Commission.
(6) The power under subsection (1) is in addition to any other power conferred on the Commission, the chief executive, an authorised officer or member of staff of the Commission by this Part.
num: 140
paragraphs: (1) A person guilty of an offence under this Part shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both.
(2) Where a conviction under subsection (1) relates to a further offence under section 138 (4), the person convicted shall be liable to a further penalty of €100 for each day or part of a day on which that further offence is committed.
(3) In proceedings for an offence under this Part, it shall be a defence for the accused to prove that the accused exercised due diligence and took all reasonable precautions to avoid commission of the offence.
(4) Subject to subsection (5), summary proceedings for an offence under this Part may be brought and prosecuted by the Commission.
(5) Proceedings for an offence under this Part shall not be instituted except by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.
(6) Notwithstanding section 10 (4) of the Petty Sessions (Ireland) Act 1851 , summary proceedings for an offence under this Part may be instituted within 2 years from the date on which the offence was committed or alleged to have been committed.
(7) Where an offence under this Part is committed by a body corporate and is proved to have been so committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any wilful neglect on the part of, any person, being a director, manager, secretary or other officer of the body corporate, or a person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, that person, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished as if he or she were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.
(8) Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (7) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his or her functions of management as if he or she were a director or manager of the body corporate.
(9) (a) Where a person is convicted of an offence under this Part, the court may, where it is satisfied that there are good reasons for so doing, order the person to pay to the prosecution the costs and expenses, measured by the court, incurred by the prosecutor in relation to the investigation, detection and prosecution of the offence, including the costs and expenses of and incidental to an examination of any information provided to the Commission or an authorised officer.
(b) An order for costs and expenses referred to in paragraph (a) shall be in addition to and not instead of any fine or penalty the court may impose.
num: 141
paragraphs: An online platform may either itself or by means of another service provider or agent engaged by the online platform for that purpose apply a measure or undertake any action required under this Part provided that the online platform remains liable—
(a) for any failure to apply the measure or comply with any requirement, and
(b) for complying with any obligation imposed on the online platform under this Part.
num: 142
paragraphs: A notice or other document that is required to be served on or given to a person under this Part shall be addressed to the person concerned by name, and may be so served on or given to the person in one of the following ways:
(a) by sending it to the person by electronic means to an email address, fax number or other electronic contact point used by the person for receiving emails, faxes or other electronic messages and a record that the email, fax or other electronic message has been sent to the person is made for the sender by the email system, fax machine or other electronic system used;
(b) by delivering it to the person;
(c) by leaving it at the address at which the person ordinarily resides or carries on business or, in a case in which an address for service has been furnished, at that address;
(d) by sending it by post in a prepaid registered letter or by any other form of recorded delivery service to the address referred to in paragraph (c).
num: 143
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall commence a review of the operation of this Part not later than 3 years after the coming into operation of this section.
(2) The Commission shall, not later than 12 months after the commencement of a review under subsection (1), submit a report to the Minister of the findings of a review under subsection (1).
(3) A report under subsection (2) may include such recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate to maintain or enhance the operation of this Part.
num: 144
paragraphs: In this Part—
“authorised officer” shall be construed in accordance with section 128 ;
“bot” means an automated online account, software programme or process where all or substantially all of the actions or posts of the account, programme or process are not the result of a person;
“disinformation”, for the purposes of this Act, means any false or misleading online electoral information that—
(a) may cause public harm, and
(b) by reason of the nature and character of its content, context or any other relevant circumstance gives rise to the inference that it was created or disseminated in order to deceive;
“election campaign period” means—
(a) such period (including an electoral period) as may be prescribed by the Commission, by order, from time to time and in relation to any election or referendum, commencing on a date before an impending election or referendum and ending on polling day at the time at which the polls close, which dates shall be set out in a notice published by the Commission, in such manner as it thinks fit, not less than 7 days before the earlier date,
(b) the period commencing 3 months prior to the latest date when an election is required by law to be held and ending when the electoral period ends, or
(c) where paragraphs (a) and (b) do not apply, the electoral period;
“electoral period” means the period of time commencing on the day of the making of a polling day order and ending on polling day;
“look-alike targeting” means the use of data from an existing online audience to identify other persons who have similar characteristics or are engaged in similar activities on an online platform;
“manipulative or inauthentic behaviour” means tactics, techniques and procedures that—
(a) constitute the deceptive use of services or features provided by an online platform, including user conduct having the object of artificially amplifying the reach or perceived public support of particular content,
(b) are likely to influence the information visible to other users of that platform,
(c) by reason of their nature and character, context or any other relevant circumstance, give rise to the inference that they are intended to result in the dissemination, publication or increased circulation of false or misleading online electoral information, and
(d) may cause public harm.
“micro-targeting” means a targeting method involving the use of data analysis techniques, tools or other methods to address, transmit or communicate a tailored online political advertisement either to a specific person or group of persons or to increase the circulation, reach or visibility of an online political advertisement;
“misinformation”, for the purposes of this Act, means any false or misleading online electoral process information that may cause public harm, whether or not the information was created or disseminated with knowledge of its falsity or misleading nature or with any intention to cause such harm;
“online electoral information” means—
(a) any online electoral process information, or
(b) any online content relating to—
(i) a candidate in an election,
(ii) a political party that has candidates standing in an election,
(iii) issues that are of relevance to an election, or
(iv) issues that are of relevance to a referendum;
“online electoral process information” means online content of a factual nature relating to the holding of an election or referendum including but not limited to the registration of voters or candidates, voting times and locations, arrangements for postal voting, the secrecy of the ballot, the counting of votes and any other factual content relating to the holding of a particular election or referendum or to elections or referendums more generally;
“online platform” means any host, operator or provider of a website, web application or digital application accessible to the general public or a section of the public where the website, web application or digital application—
(a) has at least 100,000 unique monthly users in the State for a period of not less than 7 months during the 12 months immediately preceding the date of the making of a polling day order, and
(b) displays any content that has political purposes, including but not limited to online political advertisements;
“online political advertisement” has the meaning assigned to it by Part 4 ;
“political party” has the meaning assigned to it by Part 2 ;
“political purposes” has the meaning assigned to it by section 22 (2)(aa) of the Electoral Act 1997 ;
“polling day order” means an order made by the Minister appointing a day for the holding of a poll which—
(a) in the case of a DÃ¡il election, is made under section 96(1) of the Act of 1992,
(b) in the case of a European election, is made under section 10(1) of the Act of 1997,
(c) in the case of a local election, is made under section 26(2) of the Act of 2001,
(d) in the case of a presidential election, is made under section 6(1)(c) of the Act of 1993,
(e) in the case of a referendum, is made under section 10, 11 or 12 of the Act of 1994, or
(f) in the case of a Seanad election, is made under section 12 of the Seanad Electoral (University Members) Act 1937 and under section 24 of the Seanad Electoral (Panel Members) Act 1947 ;
“public harm” means any serious threat to the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum;
“recommender system” means a fully or partially automated system used by an online platform to suggest in its online interface specific information to recipients of the service, including as a result of a search initiated by the recipient or otherwise determining the relative order or prominence of information displayed.
num: 145
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall—
(a) protect the fairness and integrity of elections and referendums in accordance with this Part.
(b) monitor, investigate and combat the dissemination of—
(i) disinformation, and
(ii) misinformation,
(c) monitor, investigate, identify and combat manipulative or inauthentic behaviour,
(d) monitor, investigate and identify trends in respect of—
(i) disinformation,
(ii) misinformation, and
(iii) manipulative or inauthentic behaviour,
(e) promote public awareness of misinformation, disinformation and manipulative or inauthentic behaviour and it may establish, facilitate or promote educational or information programmes for the purpose of the performance of its functions under this Part.
(2) Without prejudice to section 16 , the Commission may engage any person to assist it in the performance of its functions under subsection (1) and, for that purpose, it may do any or all of the following:
(a) enter into a contract with any person on such terms and conditions and for such period as the Commission considers appropriate;
(b) pay out of the funds at its disposal, to any person referred to in paragraph (a), such fees (if any) or allowances for expenses (if any) incurred by the person as the Commission may determine.
num: 146
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall establish an online electoral information advisory board (to be known as “the Advisory Board”).
(2) The Advisory Board shall, on request and, if appropriate, by its own motion, provide advice to the Commission on—
(a) the nature and effect of disinformation and misinformation, and
(b) where practicable, on the use by the Commission of its powers under this Part.
(3) The Advisory Board shall comprise not more than 6 persons, to be appointed by the Commission, and each of whom shall have expertise in all or any of the following—
(a) electoral processes (including referendums) in the State,
(b) promoting fairness and integrity in elections and referendums, or
(c) the use of information technology and online dissemination of information in the context of elections and referendums.
(4) The Minister may, with the consent of the Minister for Public Expenditure and Reform, determine the remuneration and expenses, if any, payable to a member of the Advisory Board under this section.
(5) The remuneration and allowances for expenses, if any, determined in accordance with subsection (4) shall be payable by the Commission out of funds at its disposal to a member of the Advisory Board.
num: 147
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall, from time to time, establish a stakeholder council to provide advice and opinions to the Commission generally and in relation to the preparation and use of codes of conduct under Chapter 5.
(2) The stakeholder council shall comprise not more than 15 persons, to be appointed by the Commission, the composition of which shall reflect the views of members of the Oireachtas as well as those of print, broadcast and online media.
num: 148
paragraphs: (1) Where, during an election campaign period, an online platform is satisfied from information of which it is aware, including by way of a notification received by way of a mechanism set up under section 149 , that—
(a) its services may be being used for the purposes of disinformation,
(b) there may be misinformation on its services, or
(c) there may be manipulative or inauthentic behaviour on its services,
the online platform shall, without undue delay, notify the Commission of such disinformation, misinformation or manipulative or inauthentic behaviour.
(2) Without prejudice to subsection (1), an online platform with over 1 million unique monthly users in the State shall, as early as possible in an election campaign period, prepare and transmit a report to the Commission specifying any significant risks to the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum posed by disinformation, misinformation, or manipulative or inauthentic behaviour on its services.
(3) The report referred to at subsection (2) shall include information concerning—
(a) the prevalence of relevant misinformation and disinformation on the services provided by the online platform, including notifications received under section 149 ,
(b) the prevalence of manipulative or inauthentic behaviour on the online platform’s service, including notifications received under section 149 ,
(c) the prevalence of micro-targeting or look-alike targeting on the services provided by the online platform, and
(d) significant risks posed by the operation of any recommender system employed by the online platform to distribute and promote content.
(4) The information provided in the report referred to at subsection (2) shall include non-technical summaries of the matters referred to in subsection (3).
(5) The Commission shall monitor the compliance of online platforms with the requirements of this provision.
num: 149
paragraphs: (1) An online platform shall put mechanisms in place to allow any individual, entity or person to notify it of the presence on the platform of information that the individual or entity considers to be—
(a) disinformation, or
(b) misinformation.
(2) An online platform shall put mechanisms in place to allow any individual, entity or person to notify it of the presence on their service of specific activities or behaviours in respect of online electoral information that the individual or entity considers may amount to manipulative or inauthentic behaviour.
(3) The mechanisms provided for under subsections (1) and (2) shall be accessible, user-friendly and shall allow for the submission of notifications referred to in those subsections exclusively by electronic means.
(4) An online platform shall, without undue delay, assess, process and determine the validity of the concerns raised by notices received under subsection (1) or (2).
(5) An online platform shall maintain a record of all notifications received under subsection (1) or (2) and the outcome of the determination referred to at subsection (4) for a period of 2 years following the end of the electoral period concerned.
(6) An online platform shall make the record referred to at subsection (5) available to the Commission for inspection on reasonable notice.
num: 150
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, for the purpose of performing its functions under this Part, monitor online electoral information.
(2) Where the Commission reasonably believes that any online electoral information may—
(a) constitute disinformation,
(b) constitute misinformation, or
(c) involve manipulative or inauthentic behaviour, including the use of undisclosed bots,
the Commission, or a member of staff of the Commission, may examine or investigate or appoint an authorised officer to examine or investigate, any such matter and the authorised officer or member of staff shall, following its investigation, furnish a report to the Commission.
(3) The Commission, or member of staff of the Commission, may make such inquiries as it considers appropriate or direct an authorised officer to make such inquiries, and the Commission, member of staff of the Commission or authorised officer, may require any person to furnish without delay any information, document or thing in the possession or procurement of that person that the Commission, member of staff of the Commission or authorised officer may require for the purposes of an investigation.
(4) The powers of an authorised officer conferred on him or her by or under section 137 (1) to (9) shall apply, in like manner and with all necessary modifications, to an authorised officer appointed under subsection (2) or to the Commission, or member of staff of the Commission.
(5) The procedures set out in section 130 (3) to (6) shall, with all necessary modifications, apply to the performance of functions under this Part, by an authorised officer appointed under subsection (1) or by the Commission, or member of staff of the Commission.
(6) Where an authorised officer or a member of staff of the Commission furnishes a report to the Commission in respect of the matters referred to in subsection (1), the Commission shall consider that report and any submissions or recommendations made by the authorised officer or such member.
(7) Where the Commission considers it appropriate, the Commission may invite any person to make any submissions in writing to the Commission within the period specified by the Commission.
(8) Following the Commission’s consideration of the report referred to in subsection (6) and any submissions referred to in subsections (6) and (7), the Commission may—
(a) take no further action,
(b) if it is satisfied that a contravention is taking place or has taken place, exercise any of the powers available to it under sections 153 to 157 with respect to any person whom the Commission considers is contravening or has contravened any provision of this Part,
(c) prepare and publish a report of its investigation into the matter, or
(d) if it is satisfied that a contravention is taking or has taken place, prosecute any offence that may have been committed in accordance with section 169 .
num: 151
paragraphs: (1) Subject to this section, the Commission may, by order, delegate the exercise of such of its powers under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 as the Commission considers appropriate to the chief executive or to another member of the Commission and the chief executive or other member of the Commission shall perform such duties as are appropriate to the powers so delegated and shall for that purpose act in place of the Commission.
(2) Where a delegation is made under subsection (1)—
(a) the chief executive or other member of the Commission shall exercise the delegated power under the general direction and control of the Commission,
(b) the chief executive or other member of the Commission shall exercise the delegated power in accordance with such (if any) limitations as may be specified in the delegation as to the period in which or the extent to which he or she is to exercise that power, and
(c) a provision referred to in subsection (1) under which powers are vested in the Commission or which regulates the manner in which any such power is to be exercised shall, if and in so far as it is applicable to the delegated power, have effect, for the purposes of the exercise of the power by the chief executive or other member of staff of the Commission, with the substitution of the chief executive or other member of staff of the Commission for the Commission and every such provision shall be read accordingly.
(3) Where the exercise of a power is delegated under this section, the power shall continue to be vested in the Commission but shall be so vested concurrently with the chief executive or other member of the Commission to whom it is delegated so as to be capable of being exercised by either the Commission or the chief executive or other member of the Commission concerned.
(4) The Commission may, by order, amend or revoke a delegation made under this section.
(5) The Commission may, at any time, furnish any materials or information arising from an investigation under section 150 , including any report, to the chief executive or other member of staff of the Commission to whom the exercise of a power has been delegated under subsection (1) where the Commission considers that the information may be necessary in order to allow the proper exercise of the powers concerned.
num: 152
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall only exercise its powers under sections 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 or 158 where the Commission is satisfied that it is in the public interest to do so, having regard to all the circumstances including the rights of any person whom the Commission considers may be affected by the exercise of such powers.
(2) Without prejudice to subsection (1), the Commission shall, in considering the exercise of its powers under sections 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 or 158 give due weight to the following matters:
(a) the right to freedom of expression;
(b) the right to freedom of association;
(c) the right to participate in public affairs; and
(d) the obligation on the State to defend and secure the fairness and integrity of elections and referendums.
(3) Without prejudice to subsections (1) and (2), the Commission shall, in considering the exercise of its powers under sections 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157 or 158 have regard to the following matters:
(a) the need to ensure the economic and efficient use of the Commission’s resources;
(b) the public harm concerned, as it relates to the overall integrity and fairness of the election or referendum;
(c) any guidelines published under subsection (4).
(4) The Commission shall prepare and publish guidelines to inform the proper exercise, by the Commission or a person to whom the exercise of a power has been delegated under section 151 , of its powers under this Part.
(5) Guidelines under subsection (4) may include measures to ensure that the exercise of the Commission’s powers is transparent to the public and in accordance with international best practice and in the public interest.
(6) Any notice or order issued under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 shall—
(a) include a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that it is appropriate that such notice or order should be issued,
(b) specify the time and date by which the person to whom the notice or order is addressed shall comply with the notice or order,
(c) specify the time and date by which the person to whom a notice or order is addressed shall confirm to the Commission that the notice or order has been complied with,
(d) state that the person to whom the notice or order is addressed may appeal the notice or order pursuant to section 161 and that such appeal shall be made through the portal on the Commission’s website within a period 5 days from the date on which the notice or order was issued,
(e) state that if no such appeal is made in accordance with section 161 , that the notice or order shall be treated as not disputed, and
(f) state that it is an offence not to comply with the notice or order.
(7) For the avoidance of doubt, the Commission may determine that it is appropriate having regard to all the circumstances to issue more than one notice or order under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 in relation to the same online content or behaviour.
num: 153
paragraphs: (1) Where—
(a) during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral information constitutes disinformation, or
(b) at any time, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral process information constitutes misinformation,
and the Commission is satisfied that the issuing of such a notice is necessary to protect the fairness or integrity of the election or referendum, the Commission may issue a take-down notice requiring any natural or legal person, including any online platform, to remove, within a specified period, the content to which the take-down notice relates.
(2) A notice under this section shall:
(a) include a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the conditions in subsection (1) are met;
(b) include the precise online location of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b) and, where necessary, any additional data enabling the identification of the information;
(c) contain a statement of the Commission, in compliance with subsection (3), in respect of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b);
(d) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed that he, she or it shall cause the statement in paragraph (c) to be published at the online location referred to in paragraph (b);
(e) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed of the right to appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
(3) The statement referred to at subsection (2)(c) shall—
(a) state that it is a statement required to be published pursuant to a take-down notice issued by the Commission, under which the removal of certain content visible at a precise online location has been required by the Commission pursuant to this section,
(b) state that this action has been taken because the content previously published at the location constituted disinformation or misinformation,
(c) contain a summary of the reasons for the Commission’s opinion that it was necessary to require the removal of the information in order to protect the fairness or integrity of the election or referendum, as the case may be, and
(d) state that any natural or legal person directly affected by the notice may appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
num: 154
paragraphs: (1) Where—
(a) during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral information constitutes disinformation, or
(b) at any time, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral process information constitutes misinformation,
and the Commission is satisfied that the issuing of such a notice is necessary to protect the fairness or integrity of the election or referendum, he or she may issue a correction notice requiring any natural or legal person to whom it is directed, including any online platform, to communicate to all persons who access the online platform a statement by the Commission under this section.
(2) A notice under this section shall—
(a) include a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the conditions in subsection (1) are met,
(b) include the precise online location of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b) and, where necessary, any additional data enabling the identification of the information,
(c) contain a statement of the Commission, in compliance with subsection (3), in respect of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b),
(d) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed that he or she shall cause the statement in paragraph (c) to be published at the online location referred to in paragraph (b),
(e) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed of the right to appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
(3) The statement referred to in subsection (2)(c) shall—
(a) state that it is a statement required to be published pursuant to a correction notice issued by the Commission under which the correction of certain content visible at a precise online location has been required by the Commission pursuant to this section,
(b) state that this action has been taken because the content at the online location constituted disinformation or misinformation,
(c) contain a summary of the reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the issuing of a correction notice was appropriate in all the circumstances to protect the fairness or integrity of the election or referendum, as the case may be,
(d) state that any natural or legal person directly affected by the notice may appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
(4) The statement referred to in subsection (2)(c) may also contain any or all of the following:
(a) a statement setting out in what respects the content was false or misleading;
(b) a correct statement of information; and
(c) such further information or statement as the Commission shall deem appropriate, having regard to all the circumstances.
num: 155
paragraphs: (1) Where—
(a) during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral information may constitute disinformation, or
(b) at any time, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral process information may constitute misinformation,
and the Commission is satisfied that the issuing of such an order is appropriate in all the circumstances, the Commission may, pending further investigation by the Commission, issue a labelling order requiring the online platform to state that the subject content is currently being investigated by the Commission pursuant to this Part to determine whether or not it constitutes disinformation or misinformation.
(2) An order under this section shall:
(a) include a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the conditions in subsection (1) are met;
(b) include the precise online location of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b) and, where necessary, any additional data enabling the identification of the information;
(c) contain a statement of the Commission, in compliance with subsection (3), in respect of the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b);
(d) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed that he, she or it shall cause the statement in paragraph (c) to be published at the online location referred to in paragraph (b);
(e) inform the person to whom the notice is addressed of the right to appeal the order under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
(3) The statement referred to in subsection (2)(c) shall:
(a) confirm that it is a statement required to be published pursuant to a labelling order issued by the Commission under this section, where the Commission is of the opinion that the subject statement may contain disinformation or misinformation;
(b) state that the issuing of the order is not a determination that the content is either disinformation or misinformation;
(c) contain a summary of the reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the requirements of subsection (1) are met;
(d) state that a determination as to whether the content is disinformation or misinformation shall be made pending further investigation; and
(e) state that any natural or legal person directly affected by the order can appeal the order under section 161 within 5 days.
(4) The order may also contain such further information or statement as the Commission shall deem appropriate having regard to all the circumstances.
(5) The Commission shall make the determination referred to in subsection (3)(d) and, as soon as reasonably practicable—
(a) shall give a direction to the person to whom the labelling order was directed informing that person that the labelling order has been revoked, or
(b) where the determination is that the content is disinformation or misinformation, may, as it considers appropriate, exercise any of its powers under section 153 , 154 or 156 .
(6) Where the Commission gives a direction referred to in subsection (5)(a), the statement referred to in subsection (2)(c) shall be taken down.
num: 156
paragraphs: (1) Where—
(a) during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from information available, whether obtained through its monitoring, or otherwise, of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, in relation to a previously identified online location, that any online electoral information constitutes disinformation,
(b) at any time, the Commission is satisfied from information available in relation to a previously identified online location, obtained through its monitoring of online electoral information or provided by any other person or otherwise, that any online electoral process information constitutes misinformation, or
(c) during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from the information available, that bot activity that constitutes manipulative or inauthentic behaviour or the use of an undisclosed bot contrary to section 167 is taking or has taken place at a previously identified online location, and the Commission is satisfied that the issuing of such an order is necessary to protect the fairness or integrity of the election or referendum, the Commission may issue an access-blocking order, for such period as the Commission considers appropriate, requiring any online platform to take reasonable steps to disable access to the online location.
(2) An order under this section shall:
(a) include a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that the conditions in subsection (1) are met;
(b) include the precise previously identified online location for the online electoral information referred to in subsection (1)(a) or the online electoral process information referred to in subsection (1)(b);
(c) contain a statement by the Commission in respect of the previously identified online location;
(d) inform the person to whom the order is addressed that he or she shall cause the statement in paragraph (c) to be published at the previously identified online location referred to in paragraph (b);
(e) inform the person to whom the order is addressed of the right to appeal the order under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the order was issued.
(3) The statement referred to in subsection (2)(c) shall state clearly—
(a) that an access-blocking order has been issued pursuant to this section,
(b) a summary of the reasons why the Commission made the order, and
(c) such further information as may be specified in guidelines issued under section 152 or deemed necessary or appropriate by the Commission in all the circumstances.
(4) The order may also contain such further information or statement as the Commission shall deem appropriate having regard to all the circumstances.
(5) In this section, “previously identified online location” means an online location where 2 or more separate pieces of online content have been the subject of a notice or order under section 153 , 154 , 156 or 157 within the same electoral period, which election period is the same as the election period in respect of which it is proposed to make the access-blocking order.
num: 157
paragraphs: (1) Where, during an election campaign period, the Commission is satisfied from the information available that—
(a) bot activity that constitutes manipulative or inauthentic behaviour or the use of an undisclosed bot contrary to section 167 is taking or has taken place, and
(b) the issuing of a notice under this subsection is necessary to protect the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum,
the Commission may issue a notice, giving reasons, requiring any online platform to publish a statement informing all users of the manipulative or inauthentic behaviour or the use of an undisclosed bot that is contrary to section 167 .
(2) The statement required to be published under subsection (1) shall—
(a) state that the Commission pursuant to this section has issued a notice identifying bot activity that constitutes manipulative or inauthentic behaviour,
(b) state that this action has been taken because the bot activity threatened the fairness or integrity of an upcoming election or referendum,
(c) contain the statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that it was appropriate to require the publication of the statement in relation to the activity in all the circumstances, and
(d) state that any natural or legal person directly affected by the notice may appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days from the date on which the notice was issued.
(3) Where, during the electoral period, the Commission is satisfied that—
(a) manipulative or inauthentic behaviour has occurred (including where such behaviour involves the use of bots), and
(b) the issuing of a notice under this subsection is necessary to protect the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum,
the Commission may issue a notice requiring any online platform to take reasonable steps to prevent or prohibit such behaviour or use.
(4) A notice under subsection (3) shall—
(a) state that the Commission, pursuant to this section, has issued a notice requiring the cessation of the behaviour in question because it has been identified as manipulative or inauthentic behaviour,
(b) state that this action has been taken by the Commission because the identified activity threatened the fairness or integrity of an upcoming election or referendum,
(c) contain a statement of reasons for the Commission’s opinion that it was appropriate to require any online platform to take reasonable steps to prevent or prohibit such behaviour or use, and
(d) state that any natural or legal person directly affected by the notice may appeal the notice under section 161 within 5 days.
num: 158
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may apply to the High Court for an order directing compliance with a notice or order issued under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 .
(2) An application under subsection (1) may be made in relation to a person outside the State where a notice or order referred to sections 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 is addressed to that person and relates to anything done or omitted to be done under those sections.
num: 159
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, in such manner it considers appropriate, communicate with the public or any class of the public in relation to misinformation, disinformation or the use of manipulative or inauthentic behaviour.
(2) The Commission may where it is of the opinion that there is a threat to the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum such that it is in the public interest to draw attention to such threat, communicate with the public in relation to that threat.
(3) The Commission may, when communicating with the public under subsection (2) specify—
(a) the nature, source and severity of the threat,
(b) any actions the Commission proposes to take or consider in relation to it, and
(c) any recommendations to the public or others in relation to it.
num: 160
paragraphs: The Commission may provide a direct reporting facility on its website to allow members of the public to report—
(a) suspected instances of disinformation during an electoral period or election campaign period,
(b) suspected instances of misinformation at any time, or
(c) suspected manipulative or inauthentic behaviour, including the undisclosed use of bots, during an electoral period or election campaign period.
num: 161
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall, from time to time, establish an appeal panel which shall be comprised of one or more members of the Commission and shall be independent of the original decision-maker.
(2) (a) An appeal may be made to an appeal panel in respect of any notice or order issued pursuant to sections 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 , not later than 5 days from the date on which the notice or order was issued, but the making of an appeal shall not, pending the outcome of the appeal, affect the operation of the notice or order, unless the appeal panel otherwise directs.
(b) An appeal under paragraph (a) may be made by—
(i) any natural or legal person directly affected by the notice or order, or
(ii) an online platform.
(c) No appeal shall be accepted unless it has been submitted by a natural person (whether on their own behalf or on behalf of a named legal person), and such natural person shall provide such information as may be specified by the Commission.
(3) An appeal under subsection (2)—
(a) shall be in writing, made through a portal provided on the Commission’s website for that purpose,
(b) shall state all of the grounds on which the appeal is made and provide to the appeal panel all of the documents and evidence intended to be relied on to support those grounds, and
(c) shall be addressed to the chairperson of the appeal panel and be delivered or sent so as to reach the chairperson within the period specified in subsection (2).
(4) The appeal panel shall determine an appeal without an oral hearing unless, having regard to the particular circumstances of the appeal, it considers that it is necessary to conduct an oral hearing in order to properly and fairly determine the appeal.
(5) The Commission may make such rules and establish such procedures in relation to the conduct of appeals and oral hearings as it considers appropriate and shall publish those rules and procedures on a website maintained by or on behalf of the Commission.
(6) An appeal under this section shall be heard by the appeal panel or by such specified member or members of the appeal panel as may be assigned by the appeal panel to hear the appeal.
(7) The appeal panel shall have discretion as to the conduct of an oral hearing under this section and shall conduct the hearing or ensure that the hearing is conducted expeditiously and without undue formality.
(8) The appeal panel, in determining an appeal under this section—
(a) shall consider the grounds for the appeal stated pursuant to subsection (3)(b),
(b) shall consider the notice or order, and any such other information in connection with the notice or order as, in the opinion of the appeal panel, may be relevant to its determination, and
(c) may, where it considers it necessary or expedient for the fair and proper determination of the appeal, have regard to such submissions, documents or evidence not contained in the notice or order as the appeal panel considers appropriate.
(9) In determining an appeal under this section, the appeal panel may, if satisfied that it is reasonable to do so—
(a) confirm the notice or order,
(b) vary the notice or order on such terms as it considers appropriate, or
(c) cancel the notice or order.
(10) If, on appeal, the appeal panel varies the notice or order, the notice or order as so varied takes effect immediately on the determination of the appeal.
(11) The appeal panel may, for the purpose of ensuring the efficient, fair and timely determination of an appeal, specify procedures in respect of the conduct of the appeal.
(12) The appeal panel may request in writing information from any person within the period specified in the request as it may reasonably require for the purposes of the performance of its functions under this section.
(13) It shall be an offence to submit an appeal in the name of another person or in a false name, or on behalf of a company absent the consent of the directors of that company (or as may be provided for in the company’s constitution).
(14) An appeal shall be heard and determined as soon as is practicable.
num: 162
paragraphs: Nothing in this Part shall be construed as limiting the entitlement of a person affected by a decision of the Commission to apply to the High Court to seek relief by way of an application for judicial review.
num: 163
paragraphs: (1)(a) The Commission may publish codes of conduct in respect of online electoral information or online electoral process information.
(b) A code published under paragraph (a) shall, as soon as is practicable, be laid before both Houses of the Oireachtas.
(2) A code referred to in subsection (1) may be addressed to:
(a) an online platform;
(b) a candidate in an election;
(c) a political party;
(d) any other person.
(3) The Commission may, before publishing a code of conduct under subsection (1), consult with the Advisory Board, the stakeholder council or any other group convened by the Commission for that purpose.
(4) A code of conduct published under subsection (1) that relates to online electoral information other than online electoral process information shall have effect during a specified electoral period only.
(5) The Commission may determine whether a code of conduct is an optional code of conduct or a mandatory code of conduct.
(6) The Commission shall, before publishing a code of conduct under subsection (1), have regard to the following:
(a) the need to protect democratic values in society;
(b) the public interest in having a well-informed electorate;
(c) the threat posed to democratic values by misinformation and disinformation;
(d) the right to freedom of expression;
(e) the right to freedom of assembly.
(7) Where, in the opinion of the Commission, a person to whom a [mandatory] code of conduct is addressed is failing or has failed to comply with the code, the Commission may apply, by motion, to the High Court for an order directing the person to comply with the code, and the Court may, as it thinks fit, on the hearing of the application, make or refuse to make such an order.
num: 164
paragraphs: (1) The Commission may, where it considers appropriate for the purposes of its functions under this Part, consult with, and have regard to any information received from—
(a) the Data Protection Commission,
(b) An Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na,
(c) CoimisiÃºn na MeÃ¡n, or
(d) the Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications, acting in his or her capacity as competent authority under the European Union (Measures for a High Common Level of Security of Network and Information Systems) Regulations 2018 ( S.I. No. 360 of 2018 ).
(2) Where—
(a) the Data Protection Commission,
(b) An Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na,
(c) CoimisiÃºn na MeÃ¡n, or
(d) the Minister for the Environment, Climate and Communications, acting in his or her capacity as competent authority under the European Union (Measures for a High Common Level of Security of Network and Information Systems) Regulations 2018 ( S.I. No. 360 of 2018 ),
receives or becomes aware of information regarding activities or trends which may affect the fairness or integrity of an election or referendum, the authority or the Minister referred to in paragraph (d), as the case may be, shall immediately notify the Commission of the said information, activities or trends.
num: 165
paragraphs: (1) It shall be an offence for any person to fail to comply with any notice or order issued under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 , whether that notice or order is addressed to a person within or outside the State.
(2) A person found guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both.
num: 166
paragraphs: (1) A person who, or any director of a body or association which, during the electoral period or election campaign period with the intention of influencing the results of an election or referendum, or of interfering with the fairness or integrity of that election or referendum, makes or publishes—
(a) a false statement of the withdrawal of a candidate for election from that election,
(b) a false statement of fact (including but not limited to a statement of misinformation) with the intention of causing one or more voters to abstain from voting in the election or referendum, or
(c) a statement, online, that purports to be from another person,
shall be guilty of an offence, unless that person can show that he or she had reasonable grounds for believing and did believe that the statement was true.
(2) A person found guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both.
num: 167
paragraphs: (1) Any person who knowingly uses a bot, or causes a bot to be used, in such a way as to generate multiple online presences that—
(a) are directed towards influencing the result of an election or referendum,
(b) are designed or intended to mislead persons as to the bot’s artificial identity, or
(c) may cause public harm,
shall be guilty of an offence.
(2) It shall be a defence in proceedings for an offence under this section for a person to show that the use of the bot concerned was disclosed in a manner that was clear, conspicuous and reasonably designed to inform persons with whom the bot interacted or communicated or was intended to interact or communicate that it was a bot.
(3) A person found guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both.
num: 168
paragraphs: (1) An online platform which fails to comply with section 149 shall be guilty of an offence.
(2) A person found guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 12 months or to both, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or to both.
num: 169
paragraphs: (1) Subject to subsection (2), summary proceedings for an offence under this Part may be brought and prosecuted by the Commission.
(2) Proceedings for an offence under this Part shall not be instituted except by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.
(3) Notwithstanding section 10 (4) of the Petty Sessions (Ireland) Act 1851 , summary proceedings for an offence under this Part may be instituted within 2 years from the date on which the offence was committed or alleged to have been committed.
(4) Where an offence under this Part is committed by a body corporate and is proved to have been so committed with the consent or connivance of, or to be attributable to any wilful neglect on the part of, any person, being a director, manager, secretary or other officer of the body corporate, or a person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, that person, as well as the body corporate, shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished as if he or she were guilty of the first-mentioned offence.
(5) Where the affairs of a body corporate are managed by its members, subsection (4) applies in relation to the acts and defaults of a member in connection with his or her functions of management as if he or she were a director or manager of the body corporate.
(6) (a) Where a person is convicted of an offence under this Part, the court may, where it is satisfied that there are good reasons for so doing, order the person to pay to the prosecution the costs and expenses, measured by the court, incurred by the prosecutor in relation to the investigation, detection and prosecution of the offence, including the costs and expenses of and incidental to an examination of any information provided to the Commission or an authorised officer.
(b) An order for costs and expenses referred to in paragraph (a) shall be in addition to and not instead of any fine or penalty the court may impose.
num: 170
paragraphs: (1) A person who, in a place outside the State—
(a) does an act or fails to do an act that, if done or was omitted to be done in the State, would constitute an offence under section 165 , or
(b) does an act that, if done in the State, would constitute an offence under section 166 or 167 ,
shall be guilty of an offence.
(2) A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on conviction to the penalty to which he or she would have been liable if he or she did the act or failed to do the act that constitutes the offence in the State.
(3) Proceedings for an offence under subsection (1) may be taken in any place in the State and the offence may, for all incidental purposes, be treated as having been committed in that place.
(4) Where a person is charged with an offence under this section, no further proceedings in the matter (other than a remand in custody or on bail) may be taken except by, or with the consent of, the Director of Public Prosecutions.
num: 171
paragraphs: (1) The Commission shall perform its duties under this Part bona fide and in the interests of the public and electorate in general, having regard to the resources available to it and no action shall lie against it by reason merely of an alleged failure to perform such duties.
(2) No action shall lie personally against any member of the Commission by reason of any act or omission in the performance of his or her duties under this Part.
num: 172
paragraphs: Service of a notice or order issued under section 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 or 157 shall be made in accordance with section 142 .
num: 173
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 96:
“96A. (1) Notwithstanding section 96, the Minister may, in the public interest and where it is necessary to do so having regard to the immediate, exceptional and serious risk posed to human life and public health by a pandemic or by Covid-19 and with the consent of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, make an order providing that, in addition to the poll provided for under section 96—
(a) in one or more constituencies, an advance poll may be taken on the day before the day appointed by the Minister under section 96(1), and
(b) a poll referred to in paragraph (a) shall continue for such period, not being less than twelve hours, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m.
(2) An order under this section shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(3) The returning officer in a constituency to which an order under subsection (1) applies shall give public notice of the day on which, and the hours during which, the advance poll provided for by that order shall be taken.
(4) In this section—
num: 174
paragraphs: The Act of 1994 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 10:
“10A. (1) Notwithstanding section 10(1), section 11(1) and section 12(1), the Minister may, in the public interest and where it is necessary to do so having regard to the immediate, exceptional and serious risk posed to human life and public health by a pandemic or by Covid-19 and with the consent of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, make an order providing that, in addition to a poll provided for under section 10(1), section 11(1) or section 12(1)—
(a) in one or more constituencies, an advance poll may be taken on the day before the day appointed by the Minister under section 10(1), section 11(1) or section 12(1), and
(b) a poll referred to in paragraph (a) shall continue for such period, not being less than twelve hours, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m.
(2) An order under this section shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(3) The returning officer in a constituency to which an order under subsection (1) applies shall give public notice of the day on which, and the hours during which, the advance poll provided for by that order shall be taken.
(4) In this section—
num: 175
paragraphs: The Act of 1993 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 6:
“6A. (1) Notwithstanding section 6(1) and section 8, the Minister may, in the public interest and where it is necessary to do so having regard to the immediate, exceptional and serious risk posed to human life and public health by a pandemic or by Covid-19 and with the consent of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, make an order providing that, in addition to a poll provided for under section 6(1) or section 8—
(a) in one or more constituencies, an advance poll may be taken on the day before the day appointed by the Minister under section 6(1) or section 8, and
(b) a poll referred to in paragraph (a) shall continue for such period, not being less than twelve hours, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m.
(2) An order under this section shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(3) The returning officer in a constituency to which an order under subsection (1) applies shall give public notice of the day on which, and the hours during which, the advance poll provided for by that order shall be taken.
(4) In this section—
num: 176
paragraphs: The Act of 1997 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 10:
“10A. (1) Notwithstanding section 10, the Minister may, in the public interest and where it is necessary to do so having regard to the immediate, exceptional and serious risk posed to human life and public health by a pandemic or by Covid-19 and with the consent of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, make an order providing that, in addition to the poll provided for under section 10—
(a) in one or more constituencies, an advance poll may be taken on the day before the day appointed by the Minister under section 10, and
(b) a poll referred to in paragraph (a) shall continue for such period, not being less than twelve hours, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m.
(2) An order under this section shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(3) The returning officer in a constituency to which an order under subsection (1) applies shall give public notice of the day on which, and the hours during which, the advance poll provided for by that order shall be taken.
(4) In this section—
num: 177
paragraphs: The Act of 2001 is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 26:
“26A. (1) Notwithstanding section 26, the Minister may, in the public interest and where it is necessary to do so having regard to the immediate, exceptional and serious risk posed to human life and public health by a pandemic or by Covid-19 and with the consent of An CoimisiÃºn ToghchÃ¡in, make an order providing that, in addition to the poll provided for under section 26—
(a) in one or more local authorities, an advance poll may be taken on the day before the day appointed by the Minister under section 26, and
(b) a poll referred to in paragraph (a) shall continue for such period, not being less than twelve hours, between the hours of 7 a.m. and 10.30 p.m.
(2) An order under this section shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(3) In this section—
num: 178
paragraphs: The Local Elections Regulations 1995 are amended by the insertion of the following article after article 50:
“50A. The returning officer in a local authority to which an order under section 26A(1) of the Local Government Act 2001 applies shall give public notice of the day on which, and the hours during which, the advance poll provided for by that order shall be taken.”.
num: 179
paragraphs: In this Part, “Principal Act” means the Electoral Act 1997 .
num: 180
paragraphs: Section 2(1) of the Principal Act is amended by the substitution of the following definition for the definition of “property”:
“ ‘property’, other than in Part IX, means real and personal property;”.
num: 181
paragraphs: Section 3 of the Principal Act is amended, in subsection (1)—
(a) by the insertion of “23C,” after “23B,”, and
(b) by the insertion of “48C,” after “48B,”.
num: 182
paragraphs: Section 4 of the Principal Act is amended, in subsection (3), by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (c)—
“(c) Where, following consideration of any comments which the person to whom a notification issues under paragraph (a), or where such person fails to make any such comments, the Standards in Public Offices Commission continues to be of the opinion that there may have been a contravention of a provision of Part IV, V or VI or regulations made under section 72, it shall consider—
(i) whether, in the opinion of the Standards in Public Office Commission, there is evidence sufficient to justify the bringing of proceedings in relation to an offence for a contravention of the provisions of Part IV, V or VI or regulations made under section 72, or
(ii) where there is not sufficient evidence, whether to direct the carrying out of an investigation by an authorised officer under section 4B(1).”.
num: 183
paragraphs: The Principal Act is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 4A:
“4B. (1) Notwithstanding subsections (3), (4), (4A), (4B) and (4C) of section 4, where the Standards in Public Office Commission reasonably believes that a person may have committed or may be committing a contravention of Parts IV, V, VI or IX, the Standards in Public Office Commission may direct the carrying out of an investigation by an authorised officer under this section.
(2) The Standards in Public Office Commission may appoint such and so many persons as it may determine (each of whom is referred to in this section as an ‘authorised officer’) to carry out investigations under this section.
(3) The Standards in Public Office Commission shall furnish an authorised officer with an authorisation and, when carrying out an investigation under this section, an authorised officer shall, if requested to do so by any person affected by the investigation, produce to the person the authorisation or a copy of it together with a form of personal identification.
(4) An authorised officer may, for the purposes of carrying out an investigation under this section—
(a) require any person to provide any information or explanation which the authorised officer may reasonably require for the purposes of the investigation,
(b) require any person to produce any document or other thing of which the person has control, or to which the person has access, and which the authorised officer may reasonably require for the purposes of the investigation,
(c) require any person to attend before the authorised officer to answer questions, and to make a declaration of the truth of the answers to the questions, for the purposes of the investigation,
(d) subject to subsection (5), enter and search (if necessary accompanied by a member of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na) any premises at, on or in which the authorised officer reasonably believes there may be any document or other thing which the authorised officer may reasonably require for the purposes of the investigation,
(e) inspect and take copies of, or extracts from, any document or other thing produced in compliance with a requirement under paragraph (b) or found on a search under paragraph (d) or pursuant to a warrant under subsection (6),
(f) require a person to make available in a legible form any documents so produced or found otherwise than in a legible form, or
(g) require a person to give to the authorised officer such assistance as the authorised officer may reasonably require for the purposes of the investigation and make available to the authorised officer such reasonable facilities as are necessary for the authorised officer to exercise his or her powers.
(5) An authorised officer shall not enter a dwelling when carrying out an investigation under this section otherwise than—
(a) with the consent of the occupier, or
(b) pursuant to a warrant under subsection (6).
(6) If a judge of the District Court is satisfied on the sworn information of an authorised officer that there are reasonable grounds for believing that there is in, on or at any premises any document or other thing which the authorised officer may reasonably require for the purposes of an investigation under this section, the judge may issue a warrant authorising a named person at any time or times within one month from the date of issue of the warrant, on production (if so requested) of the warrant, to enter and search the premises using reasonable force where necessary, and exercise all or any of the powers conferred on an authorised officer.
(7) A warrant under subsection (6) may permit the person authorised by it to be accompanied by such members of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na or other persons as the person authorised by the warrant considers necessary.
(8) An authorised officer may, if authorised by the Standards in Public Office Commission to do so, make interim reports to the Commission while carrying out an investigation under this section.
(9) As soon as reasonably practicable after the conclusion of an investigation under this section the authorised officer by whom the investigation was carried out shall give to the Standards in Public Office Commission a copy of a report stating the findings of the investigation and the authorised officer’s conclusions on the findings together with his or her reasons for making them and the Commission shall consider the authorised officer’s report and, if it is satisfied that a contravention is taking or has taken place, may bring summary proceedings in respect of an offence under Parts IV, V, VI or IX.
(10) A statement or admission made by a person pursuant to a requirement under subsection (4) shall not be admissible in evidence in proceedings brought against that person for an offence (other than for an offence under sections 25(1)(d), 25(1A)(b), 25(1B)(a), 25(1C), 25(1D), 25(1E)(b), 25(1F), 43(2)(d), 43(3)(c), 61(2)(d), 61(2)(g), 61(2A), 61(2B)(b), 61(3)(c) and 92(1)(d)).
(11) The production of a document or other thing in compliance with a requirement under subsection (4) does not prejudice a person’s lien on the document or other thing.
(12) Nothing in this section shall operate to require a person to provide to an authorised officer any information or explanation, or to produce to an authorised officer any documents or other things, that he or she would be entitled to refuse to provide or produce on the grounds of legal professional privilege.
(13) An authorised officer shall not disclose any information obtained under this section otherwise than in a report under this section.
(14) In this section ‘premises’ includes vessel, aircraft, vehicle and any other means of transport, as well as land and any other fixed or moveable structure.”.
num: 184
paragraphs: Section 22 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the substitution of “a body or association (including a body or association that has an office outside the State), which” for “a body or association, which”,
(b) in paragraph (a) of subsection (2), by the substitution of “given within or outside the State for political purposes by any person (including a subsidiary organisation that has an office outside the State)” for “given for political purposes by any person”,
(c) in paragraph (aa) of subsection (2)—
(i) by the insertion of the following definition:
“ ‘cryptocurrency’ means any form of digital currency that is not regulated, and in relation to which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of monies;”,
(ii) by the deletion of paragraph (d) of the definition of “institution”, and
(iii) by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraphs (e) and (f) of the definition of “institution”:
“(e) An Post,
(f) a credit institution authorised in accordance with the European Union (Capital Requirements) Regulations 2014 ( S.I. No. 158 of 2014 ) to carry on business in the State, or
(g) a credit union registered as such under the Credit Union Act 1997 ;”,
(d) in paragraph (b) of subsection (2)—
(i) in clause (I) of subparagraph (iii), by the substitution of “the individual’s profession and provided that the individual is not, directly or indirectly, paid by any other person for that service or to facilitate the provision of the service” for “the individual’s profession”,
(ii) in clause (II) of subparagraph (iii), by the substitution of “political party (other than an individual in the employment of a subsidiary organisation of that party that has an office outside the State)” for “political party”,
(iii) in subparagraph (vi), by the deletion of “candidate authenticated by the political party at a DÃ¡il or European election,”,
(iv) in subparagraph (vii), by the substitution of “or funds provided to such candidate by the political party in relation to those expenses,” for “other than a donation of money;”,
(v) by the insertion of the following subparagraphs after subparagraph (vii):
“(viii) election expenses incurred by a political party on behalf of a candidate authenticated by the political party at a DÃ¡il or European election or funds provided to such candidate by the political party in relation to those expenses, or
(ix) any payment, contribution or supply of goods or services (without payment or other consideration or at less than the commercial price) given outside the State by a person to a political party and accepted by that political party in accordance with the laws of the state in which it is accepted and, where it is a monetary payment or contribution, is kept or retained in a separate designated fund;”.
num: 185
paragraphs: Section 23A of the Principal Act is amended, in subsection (1)—
(a) in paragraph (ii), by the substitution of “€2,500,” for “€2,500, or”,
(b) in paragraph (iii), by the substitution of “€200, or” for “€200.”, and
(c) by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph (iii):
“(iv) a donation of whatever value in the form of cryptocurrency.”.
num: 186
paragraphs: The Principal Act is amended by the insertion of the following section after section 24A:
“24B. (1) Not later than 31 March in every year, the leader of each political party, which, in the preceding year, had members in either House of the Oireachtas or, as the case may be, in the European Parliament, shall furnish to the Standards in Public Office Commission a written statement, in the form directed by the Commission, in respect of the preceding year, indicating the value of each donation received by the political party from outside the State (if any), whether in cash or in kind, exceeding €100 in value and confirming that each such donation (including all contributions) has been included in the written statement for that year.
(2) A statement furnished pursuant to subsection (1) (to be referred to in this Act as a ‘party leader’s statement’) shall be accompanied by a statutory declaration made by the person by whom the statement is furnished that, to the best of the party leader’s knowledge and belief, the statement is correct in every material respect and that the party leader has taken all reasonable action in order to be satisfied as to the accuracy of the statement.
(3) It shall be the duty of every party leader who is required by this section to furnish a party leader’s statement and make a statutory declaration to make such enquiries and maintain such records as are necessary for the purpose of furnishing the said statement and making the declaration.”.
num: 187
paragraphs: Section 25 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1E):
“(1F) A person who fails to furnish a statement under section 24B(1), or a statutory declaration under section 24B(2), or who knowingly furnishes a statement under section 24B(1) or statutory declaration under section 24B(2) which is false or misleading in any material respect, shall be guilty of an offence.
(1G) A person who—
(a) fails to notify the Standards in Public Office Commission of the receipt of a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 23, 23A or 23AA,
(b) (i) fails to remit to the Standards in Public Office Commission a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 23 or 23A(2), or in the case of a donation referred to in section 23A(1) or 23AA(1) which is a monetary donation, the part of it exceeding the limit concerned or the value thereof, to the Commission, or
(ii) fails to return to the donor the donation referred to in section 23A(1) or 23AA(1) or that part of the donation exceeding the limit,
(c) fails to furnish the statement of an institution, certificate or statutory declaration referred to in section 23B or furnish the donation statement or make the statutory declaration referred to in section 24(3) to the Standards in Public Office Commission,
(d) fails to furnish the statement referred to in section 24(1A) or make the statutory declaration referred to in section 24(3) to the Standards in Public Office Commission, or
(e) (i) fails to notify the Standards in Public Office Commission of the receipt of a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 24A(2), or
(ii) fails to remit a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 24A(2), or its value, to the Commission,
shall be guilty of an offence.”,
(b) in paragraph (b) of subsection (2), by the substitution of “(1D), (1E)(b) or (1G)” for “(1D) or (1E)(b)”, and
(c) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (3):
“(3) Summary proceedings for an offence under this section may be brought and prosecuted by the Standards in Public Office Commission.”.
num: 188
paragraphs: Section 31 of the Principal Act is amended, in paragraph (a) of subsection (1), by the substitution of “In this Part and in section 22 ‘election expenses’ means” for “In this Part ‘election expenses’ means”.
num: 189
paragraphs: Section 43 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) in subsection (2), by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraph (e):
“(e) fails otherwise to comply with the provisions of section 36, or
(f) fails to furnish to the Standards in Public Office Commission the statement of election expenses or the statutory declaration referred to in section 36.”,
(b) in subsection (3), by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraph (d):
“(d) fails otherwise to comply with the provisions of section 36, or
(e) fails to furnish to the Standards in Public Office Commission the statement of election expenses or the statutory declaration referred to in section 36.”,
(c) in paragraph (b) of subsection (5), by the substitution of “subsection (2)(a), (2)(d), (2)(f), (3)(c) or (3)(e)” for “subsection (2)(d) or (3)(c)”, and
(d) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (7):
“(7) Summary proceedings for an offence under this section may be brought and prosecuted by the Standards in Public Office Commission.”.
num: 190
paragraphs: Section 46 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the insertion of the following definition:
“‘cryptocurrency’ means any form of digital currency that is not regulated, and in relation to which encryption techniques are used to regulate the generation of units of currency and verify the transfer of monies;”,
and
(b) in paragraph (aa) of subsection (2)—
(i) by the deletion of paragraph (d) of the definition of “institution”, and
(ii) by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraphs (e) and (f) of the definition of “institution”:
“(e) An Post,
(f) credit institution authorised in accordance with the European Union (Capital Requirements) Regulations 2014 ( S.I. No. 158 of 2014 ) to carry on business in the State, or
(g) a credit union registered as such under the Credit Union Act 1997 ;”.
num: 191
paragraphs: Section 48A of the Principal Act is amended, in subsection (1)—
(a) in paragraph (ii), by the substitution of “€2,500,” for “€2,500, or”,
(b) in paragraph (iii), by the substitution of “€200, or” for “€200.”, and
(c) by the insertion of the following paragraph after paragraph (iii):
“(iv) a donation of whatever value in the form of cryptocurrency.”.
num: 192
paragraphs: Section 61 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) by the insertion of the following subsection after subsection (2B):
“(2C) A person who—
(a) fails to furnish the statement of election expenses or the statutory declaration referred to in section 56 to the Standards in Public Office Commission,
(b) fails to furnish the presidential election donation statement or make the statutory declaration referred to in section 48 or the statement of an institution, certificate or statutory declaration referred to in section 48B to the Standards in Public Office Commission,
(c) fails to notify the Standards in Public Office Commission of the receipt of a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 47, 48A or 48AA,
(d) (i) fails to remit to the Standards in Public Office Commission a donation the acceptance of which is prohibited by section 47 or 48A(2), or in the case of a donation referred to in section 48A(1) or 48AA(1) which is a monetary donation, the part of it exceeding the limit concerned or the value thereof, to the Commission, or
(ii) fails to return to the donor the donation referred to in section 48A(1) or 48AA(1) or that part of the donation exceeding the limit,
shall be guilty of an offence.”,
(b) in subsection (3), by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraph (d):
“(d) fails otherwise to comply with the provisions of section 56,
(e) fails to furnish the statement of election expenses or the statutory declaration referred to in section 56 to the Standards in Public Office Commission.”,
(c) in paragraph (b) of subsection (5), by the substitution of “subsection (2)(a), (2)(d), (2)(g), (2A), (2B)(b), (2C), (3)(c) or (3)(e)” for “subsection (2)(d) or (g), subsection (2A), (2B)(b) or subsection (3)(c)”, and
(d) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (7):
“(7) Summary proceedings for an offence under this section may be brought and prosecuted by the Standards in Public Office Commission.”.
num: 193
paragraphs: The Principal Act is amended by the insertion of the following section:
“82A. (1) Where a person commits an offence under a relevant provision, the Standards in Public Office Commission may serve a notice (in this section referred to as a ‘fixed payment notice’) on the person.
(2) The fixed payment notice shall—
(a) be in a form directed by the Minister,
(b) state that the person is alleged to have committed an offence under the relevant provision concerned,
(c) state that the person is not obliged to pay the fixed payment,
(d) state that, if the fixed payment is paid to the Commission by the date specified in it, a prosecution in respect of the offence under the relevant provision concerned will not be initiated, and
(e) contain details of how the fixed payment is to be paid.
(3) The fixed payment notice may be served on the person:
(a) by sending it to the person by electronic means to an email address, fax number or other electronic contact point used by the person for receiving emails, faxes or other electronic messages and a record that the email, fax or other electronic message has been sent to the person is made for the sender by the email system, fax machine or other electronic system used;
(b) by delivering it to the person;
(c) by sending it by post in a prepaid registered letter or by any other form of recorded delivery service to—
(i) in the case of an individual, the address at which the individual ordinarily resides or any other address provided by the individual for the purposes of this section,
(ii) in the case of a company, its registered office, or
(iii) in the case of any other body corporate or unincorporated body, its principal office or place of business.
(4) The fixed payment is €200.
(5) No prosecution in respect of the offence under the relevant provision shall be initiated against the person—
(a) until after the date specified in the fixed payment notice as that by which the fixed payment is to be paid, or
(b) at all, if the fixed payment is paid to the Standards in Public Office Commission before that date.
(6) The amount of any fixed payment received by the Standards in Public Office Commission under this section shall be paid into or disposed of for the benefit of the Exchequer as the Minister for Finance directs.
(7) In this section, ‘relevant provision’ means section 25(1)(c), 25(1A)(a), 43(2)(c) (insofar as it relates to section 36(1)(a)), 43(3)(b), 61(2)(c), 61(2)(f), 61(3)(b) or 92(1)(c).”.
num: 194
paragraphs: Section 83 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) by the insertion of the following definitions:
“‘FRS 102’ means the accounting standard entitled ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’, issued by the Financial Reporting Council Limited (being a body prescribed under the Companies Act 2014 (Accounting Standards) (Prescribed Body) Regulations 2018 ( S.I. No. 84 of 2018 ));
‘property’, in relation to any political party, and its subsidiary organisations, means all land and buildings (whether situate within or outside the State), owned or controlled by the party or subsidiaryorganisation concerned—
(a) which supports the political and promotional activities of the political party, its elected members, party officials or party members either within or outside the State,
(b) which benefits, either directly or indirectly, the political party, its elected members, party officials or party members in promoting the policies, aims and objectives of the political party either within or outside the State,
(c) any income derived from which is used to promote, either directly or indirectly, the political party, its elected members or candidates standing for election on behalf of that party, or
(d) which is effectively controlled by the political party, its elected members, party officials or party members, for the benefit of the party;
‘subsidiary organisation’ in relation to any political party, means a body or association (including a body or association that has an office outside the State) which—
(a) forms part of such political party,
(b) is established by or under the constitution of the political party,
(c) is effectively controlled by the political party or the officers thereof, or
(d) has functions conferred on it by or under the constitution of the party.”,
(b) by the substitution of “section 89;” for “section 89.” in the definition of “guidelines”.
num: 195
paragraphs: Section 84 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) in subsection (1), by the insertion of “and of each of its subsidiary organisations” after “concerned”,
(b) in subsection (2)—
(i) in paragraph (a)—
(I) by the insertion of “, and of each of its subsidiary organisations,” after “party”, and
(II) by the substitution of “time,” for “time, and”,
and
(ii) by the substitution of the following paragraphs for paragraph (b):
“(b) be furnished by each subsidiary organisation to the appropriate officer within the period of 3 months from the end of the financial year to which the relevant books of accounts relate, and
(c) enable the appropriate officer to ensure that the annual statement of accounts complies with the guidelines.”.
num: 196
paragraphs: Section 85 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
“(1) Subject to section 91(1), the appropriate officer shall prepare a statement of accounts for the political party concerned and itssubsidiary organisations (in this Part referred to as the ‘annual statement of accounts’) in respect of each financial year.”,
and
(b) in subsection (2), by the substitution of the following paragraph for paragraph (a):
“(a) (i) comply with such requirements as to its form and contents (including any requirements provided for under FRS 102) as may be provided for in guidelines,
(ii) include a breakdown of the aggregate amount of donations received by the political party and each of its subsidiary organisations as provided for in guidelines, and
(iii) include all property within the ownership of the political party, and its subsidiary organisations, whether mortgaged, charged, alienated or otherwise encumbered,
and”.
num: 197
paragraphs: Section 86 of the Principal Act is amended by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (1):
“(1) Subject to section 91(1) and (2), the annual statement of accounts of a political party, and of each of its subsidiary organisations, in respect of a financial year shall be audited by a statutory auditor.”.
num: 198
paragraphs: Section 88 of the Principal Act is amended—
(a) in subsection (3)—
(i) by the insertion, in paragraph (a), of “(including any requirements under FRS 102)” after “guidelines”,
(ii) by the insertion, in paragraph (c), of “(including any requirements under FRS 102)” after “guidelines”, and
(iii) by the insertion of “and on the outcome of any prosecution that may have been instigated under section 92” after “in its possession)”,
(b) in subsection (4), by the insertion of “(including any requirements under FRS 102)” after “guidelines”, and
(c) in paragraph (b) of subsection (6), by the insertion of “and on the outcome of any prosecution that may have been instigated under section 92” after “non-compliance”.
num: 199
paragraphs: The Principal Act is amended by the insertion of the following sections after section 90:
“Subsidiary organisations
num: 91
paragraphs: (1) Where a subsidiary organisation of a political party has—
(a) an income of €15,000 or less in a calendar year, or
(b) holds cash or similar assets, land or buildings of less than €40,000 in value at any time during a calendar year,
sections 85(1), 86(1) and 87(1) shall not apply and the appropriate officer of the political party shall not be required to prepare an annual statement of accounts for that subsidiary organisation.
(2) Where a subsidiary organisation of a political party—
(a) has an income greater than €15,000 but less than €40,000 in a calendar year,
(b) holds cash or similar assets, land or buildings valued at greater than €40,000 but less than €100,000 in value at any time during a calendar year, or
(c) has expenditure of €40,000 or less in that calendar year,
sections 86(1) and 87(1)(b) shall not apply and the annual statement of accounts for that subsidiary organisation shall not be required to be audited by a statutory auditor.
(3) For the avoidance of doubt, where a subsidiary organisation of a political party—
(a) has income greater than €40,000 in a calendar year,
(b) holds cash or similar assets, land or buildings greater than €100,000 in value, or
(c) has expenditure greater than €40,000 in that calendar year,
the requirements of sections 85(1), 86(1) and 87(1) shall apply to that subsidiary organisation and the appropriate officer of the political party shall be required to prepare an annual statement of accounts for that subsidiary organisation and those annual statements of accounts shall be audited by a statutory auditor.
(4) For the purposes of calculating the amounts specified in subsections (1), (2) and (3), transfers, between a political party and a subsidiary organisation or between one subsidiary organisation and another subsidiary organisation of a political party, shall be excluded so as to avoid the double counting of such transfers.
Offences and penalties
num: 92
paragraphs: (1) The appropriate officer shall be guilty of an offence if he or she—
(a) fails to keep, or cause to be kept, all proper and usual books of accounts under section 84,
(b) fails to prepare an annual statement of accounts in respect of each financial year under section 85,
(c) fails to furnish an annual statement of accounts and a copy of the auditor’s report no later than the end of the period provided for in section 87,
(d) fails to furnish an annual statement of accounts and a copy of the auditor’s report to the Standards in Public Office Commission, or
(e) knowingly furnishes a statement of accounts to the Standards in Public Office Commission which is false or misleading in any material respect.
(2) It shall be a defence to proceedings for an offence under this section for the person charged with the offence to show that he or she took all reasonable steps to avoid the commission of the offence.
(3) Where a person is guilty of an offence under this section—
(a) the person shall be liable on summary conviction to a class D fine,
(b) the person shall be liable, where the offence is an offence referred to in paragraphs (b), (d) or (e) of subsection (1), on conviction on indictment to a fine not exceeding €25,000 to imprisonment for a period not exceeding 3 years or to both, and
(c) where the conviction relates to a failure to furnish an annual statement of accounts and a copy of the auditor’s report referred to in section 87, the person shall be guilty of a further offence on every day on which the failure continues after such conviction and for each such offence the person shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding €100.
(4) Summary proceedings for an offence under this section may be brought and prosecuted by the Standards in Public Office Commission. ”.
num: 200
paragraphs: The Act of 1992 is amended—
(a) in section 86—
(i) by the deletion of “, other than a poll taken on a day specified under section 85,”, and
(ii) in paragraph (a), by the insertion of—
(I) “sudden onset of” before “stress of weather”, and
(II) “unforeseen” before “transport difficulties”,
(b) in section 96, by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1):
“(1A) Notwithstanding subsection (1)(b), where the Minister is of the opinion that due to local circumstances concerning an island, and taking account of advice from the returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated, it would be unnecessary or impracticable for the poll to continue on the island for the period fixed under subsection (1)(b), the Minister may by order, not later than the seventh day before polling day, shorten the period of the poll on the island.
(1B) A poll the subject of an order under subsection (1A) shall continue on the island for not less than 4 hours.
(1C) Where an order is made under subsection (1A), the returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated shall, as soon as may be after it is made, give public notice in the polling district in which the island is situated stating the day appointed under subsection (1)(a) on which, and the period shortened by the order under subsection (1A) during which, the poll shall be taken on the island.
(1D) In subsection (1A), ‘local circumstances’ includes:
(a) the number of DÃ¡il electors on the island;
(b) the distance between a polling station on the island and the place appointed for the counting of votes under section 112;
(c) advance forecasts of stress of weather;
(d) foreseen transport difficulties.”,
(c) in section 108, by the deletion of “85,”, and
(d) in section 114, by the substitution of the following subsection for subsection (2):
“(2) (a) The ballot papers extracted by the returning officer from each ballot box shall be counted and their total number shall be compared with the number shown in the appropriate ballot paper account.
(b) Where ballot boxes from a polling station situated on an island have not reached the place appointed for the counting of votes under section 112 at or before the time specified in subsection (1) due to stress of weather or transport difficulties, the returning officer shall, in respect of the other ballot boxes, proceed in accordance with subsections (1) and (1A), and paragraph (a).
(c) When all the ballot boxes, including all those from polling stations situated on an island, have reached the place appointed for the counting of votes and been dealt with in accordance with subsections (1) and (1A), and paragraph (a), the returning officer shall prepare a statement showing the result of the comparison referred to in paragraph (a) in respect of all the ballot boxes and he or she shall, on request allow the agent of any candidate to copy the statement.”.
num: 201
paragraphs: The Act of 1993 is amended—
(a) in section 3(3), by the deletion of paragraph (h),
(b) in section 7—
(i) by renumbering the existing section as subsection (1), and
(ii) by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1):
“(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1)(b), where the Minister is of the opinion that due to local circumstances concerning an island, and taking account of advice from the local returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated, it would be unnecessary or impracticable for the poll to continue on the island for the period referred to in subsection (1)(b), the Minister may by order, not later than the seventh day before polling day, shorten the period of the poll on the island.
(3) A poll the subject of an order under subsection (2) shall continue on the island for not less than 4 hours.
(4) Where an order is made under subsection (2), the local returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated shall, as soon as may be after it is made, give public notice in the polling district in which the island is situated stating the day appointed by the presidential election order on which, and the period shortened by the order under subsection (2) during which, the poll shall be taken on the island.
(5) An order made under subsection (2) shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(6) In subsection (2), ‘local circumstances’ includes:
(a) the number of presidential electors on the island;
(b) the distance between a polling station on the island and the place appointed for the counting of votes under section 112 of the Act of 1992;
(c) advance forecasts of stress of weather;
(d) foreseen transport difficulties.”,
and
(c) in section 42, by the substitution of “section 86” for “sections 85 and 86”.
num: 202
paragraphs: The Act of 1994 is amended—
(a) in section 2(3), by the deletion of paragraph (l),
(b) in section 13—
(i) by renumbering the existing section as subsection (1), and
(ii) by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1):
“(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1)(b), where the Minister is of the opinion that due to local circumstances concerning an island, and taking account of advice from the local returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated, it would be unnecessary or impracticable for the poll to continue on the island for the period referred to in subsection (1)(b), the Minister may by order, not later than the seventh day before polling day, shorten the period of the poll on the island.
(3) A poll the subject of an order under subsection (2) shall continue on the island for not less than 4 hours.
(4) Where an order is made under subsection (2) the local returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated shall, as soon as may be after it is made, give public notice in the polling district in which the island is situated stating the day appointed under section 10 or 12 on which, and the period shortened by the order under subsection (2) during which, the poll shall be taken on the island.
(5) An order made under subsection (2) shall be published in Iris OifigiÃºil as soon as may be after it is made.
(6) In subsection (2), ‘local circumstances’ includes:
(a) the number of presidential electors on the island;
(b) the distance between a polling station on the island and the place appointed for the counting of votes under section 112 of the Act of 1992;
(c) advance forecasts of stress of weather;
(d) foreseen transport difficulties.”,
and
(c) in section 30, by the substitution of “section 86” for “sections 85 and 86”.
num: 203
paragraphs: (1) Article 49 of the Local Elections Regulations 1995 is amended—
(a) by the deletion of sub-articles (1) and (2),
(b) in sub-article (3)—
(i) by the insertion of “at an election” after “Where a poll is to be taken”,
(ii) in paragraph (a), by the insertion of—
(I) “sudden onset of” before “stress of weather”, and
(II) “unforeseen” before “transport difficulties”,
and
(c) by the deletion of sub-article (4).
(2) Article 50 of the Local Elections Regulations 1995 is amended—
(a) by renumbering the existing article as sub-article (1), and
(b) by the insertion of the following sub-article after sub-article (1):
“(2) Where an order is made under section 26(2A) of the Local Government Act 2001 , the returning officer for the election in the local electoral area in which the island is situated shall give public notice in the polling district in which the island is situated stating the day fixed under section 26(2) of that Act on which, and the period shortened by the order under section 26(2A) of that Act during which, the poll shall be taken on the island.”.
(3) Article 76 of the Local Elections Regulations 1995 is amended by the substitution of the following sub-article for sub-article (3):
“(3) (a) The ballot papers extracted by the returning officer from each ballot box shall be counted and their total number shall be compared with the number shown in the appropriate ballot paper account.
(b) Where ballot boxes from a polling station situated on an island have not reached the place appointed for the counting of votes under article 74(2) at or before the time specified in article 74(1), due to stress of weather or transport difficulties, the returning officer shall, in respect of the other ballot boxes, proceed in accordance with sub-articles (1), (1A), (2) and paragraph (a).
(c) When all the ballot boxes, including all those from polling stations situated on an island, have reached the place appointed for the counting of votes under article 74(2) and been dealt with in accordance with sub-articles (1), (1A), (2) and paragraph (a), the returning officer shall prepare a statement showing the result of the comparison referred to in paragraph (a) in respect of all the ballot boxes and shall include particulars of the ballot papers, if any, transmitted to the said officer pursuant to sub-article (2) and the returning officer shall, on request, allow the agent of any candidate to copy the statement.”.
num: 204
paragraphs: Section 26 of the Act of 2001 is amended by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (2):
“(2A) Notwithstanding subsection (2), where the Minister is of the opinion that due to local circumstances concerning an island, and taking account of advice from the returning officer (within the meaning of the Local Elections Regulations 1995) for the election in the local electoral area in which the island is situated, it would be unnecessary or impracticable for the poll to continue on the island for the period fixed by the Minister by order under subsection (2), the Minister may by order, not later than the seventh day before polling day, shorten the period of the poll on the island.
(2B) A poll the subject of an order under subsection (2A) shall continue on the island for not less than 4 hours.
(2C) In subsection (2A), ‘local circumstances’ includes:
(a) the number of local government electors on the island;
(b) the distance between a polling station on the island and the place appointed for the counting of votes under article 74(2) of the Local Elections Regulations 1995;
(c) advance forecasts of stress of weather;
(d) foreseen transport difficulties.”.
num: 205
paragraphs: The Act of 1997 is amended—
(a) in section 10, by the insertion of the following subsections after subsection (1):
“(1A) Notwithstanding subsection (1)(b), where the Minister is of the opinion that due to local circumstances concerning an island, and taking account of advice from the returning officer for the constituency in which the island is situated, it would be unnecessary or impracticable for the poll to continue on the island for the period appointed by the Minister by order under subsection (1)(b), the Minister may by order, not later than the seventh day before polling day, shorten the period of the poll on the island.
(1B) A poll the subject of an order under subsection (1A) shall continue on the island for not less than 4 hours.
(1C) In subsection (1A), ‘local circumstances’ includes:
(a) the number of European electors on the island;
num: 206
paragraphs: (1) A political party may apply to the District Court for a licence (in this section referred to as a “lottery licence”) to promote periodical lotteries.
(2) An application under subsection (1) shall—
(a) be accompanied by a fee of €150, and
(b) be made to the District Court not less than 60 days before the first day on which it is intended to promote the lottery to which the application relates.
(3) When considering an application for a lottery licence, a District Court judge shall have regard to the purpose of the lottery concerned.
(4) The superintendent of the Garda SÃ­ochÃ¡na for the district in which the lottery is to be held and any other person who appears to the court to be interested may appear and adduce evidence in relation to the application.
(5) Subject to subsection (10), the District Court shall either grant the application and issue the lottery licence or refuse the application.
(6) A lottery licence issued under subsection (5) shall continue in force for such period, not exceeding 12 months, as may be specified in the licence.
(7) An application under subsection (1) shall be made to a judge of the District Court assigned to the District Court district in which it is proposed to promote the lottery.
(8) A political party to which a lottery licence has been issued under subsection (5) shall not transfer that licence to any other person and any such purported transfer shall be void and of no effect.
(9) A political party to which a lottery licence has been issued under subsection (5) shall not accept a stake from a person under the age of 18 years in relation to the lottery.
(10) A lottery licence shall be issued subject to the following conditions:
(a) the value of each prize and the name of the intended beneficiary of the lottery shall be stated on every ticket or coupon or, where the lottery is conducted in a premises, prominently displayed at the normal means of access to the premises proposed to be used;
(b) the total value of the prizes shall—
(i) if more than one lottery is held in any week, be not more than €30,000, or
(ii) if one lottery is held in any year, be not more than €360,000.
(11) A political party to which a lottery licence has been issued under subsection (5) shall comply with the conditions of the lottery licence.
(12) The District Court clerk for the District Court district in which the application under subsection (1) was made shall keep a register of all lottery licences issued under subsection (5).
(13) Every register maintained under subsection (12) may be maintained electronically and shall be available for inspection at all reasonable times by members of the public.
(14) (a) A political party which contravenes subsection (9) or (11) shall be guilty of an offence.
(b) Where a political party is charged with an offence under subsection (9), it shall be a good defence to such charge to prove that the political party took reasonable steps to verify the age of the person in respect of whom such offence is alleged to have been committed.
(15) In this Part, “lottery” includes all competitions for money or money's worth involving guesses or estimates of future events or of past events the results of which are not yet ascertained or not yet generally known.
num: 207
paragraphs: (1) A political party guilty of an offence under section 206 (9) shall be liable on summary conviction to a class E fine.
(2) A political party guilty of an offence under section 206 (11) shall be liable—
(a) on summary conviction, to a class A fine, or
(b) on conviction on indictment, to a fine not exceeding €50,000.
(3) Where an offence under this Part is committed by a political party or by a person purporting to act on behalf of a political party, and is proved to have been committed with the consent or connivance, or to be attributable to any wilful neglect, of a person who, when the offence is committed, is—
(a) a director, manager, secretary or other officer of the political party, or a person purporting to act in that capacity, or
(b) a member of the executive committee or other controlling body of the political party, or a person purporting to act in that capacity,
that person is taken to have also committed the offence and may be proceeded against and punished accordingly.