# Usuku Lwabasebenzi

**Usuku lwabasebenzi** (IsiNgisi:*Workers Day*) umvalo womphakathi wezwe laseNingizimu Afrika kusukela ngonyaka we-1994 ogujwa mhla zi-1 kuMeyi minyaka yonke. Lo mvalo ugujwa emazweni angama-80 lapho ubizwa khona ngokuthi -*International Workers Day* kwezinye izindawo waziwa nge-*May Day*. Ngalolu suku kusuke kugujwa iqhaza elibanjwa ngabasebenzi ezweni lonkana, lugqugquzelwa Izinhlangano Zabasebenzi. Ngalolu suku kusuke kukhunjulwa abasebenzi abalahlekelwa izimpilo zabo esehlakalweni esaziwa nge*Haymarket Affair* ngonyaka we-1886 lapho babebhikishela ukuthi kwehliswe amahora okusebenza abe yi-8. ENingizimu Afrika kusuke kukhunjulwa uqhaza elibanjwa abasebenzi ezweni laseNingizimu Afrika, okuyibo abadlala indima enkulu ekuqhubeni umnotho walelizwe.

## Umlando

Umlando waleli holide ubhekiwas umuva kwi-*Haymarket Affair* eyenzeka endaweni yaseChicago ezweni laseMelika lapho amaphoyisa ayezama ukuhlukanisa iqulu labhikishi ngonyaka we-1886. Abasebenzi babebhikishele ukuthi kwehliswe amahora okusebenza osukwini, abe yi-8. Lombhikisho wabe ungenelo udlame kodwa kwaba khona umhlaseli ongaziwa owaphosa ibhomu emaphoyiseni, amaphoyisa aphendula ngokudubula ababhikishi bengahlomile ngezinhlamvu eziphilayo. Lesi sehlakalo saholela ekutheni kufe abasebenzi abayi-8, kwalimala amaphoyisa angama-60 kanye nesibalo esingaziwa sabalimala nabafa sabebebukela . Yize lesi sibhicongo senzeka ngonyaka we-1886 kodwa kodwa usuku le-1 Nhlaba laqala ukubizwa ngeholide ngonyaka we-1891 emva kwemibhikisho eminingi eyabanjwa emazweni ahlukhlukene yizinhlangano ezinigi zabasebenzi ezahlukahlukene . ENingizimu Afrika kusuuke kugujwa iqhaza elabanjwa izinhlangano zabasebenzi kanye nezinyunyana ekulweni nohulumeni wobandlululo ngeminyaka yama-80.

## Umlando woSuku Lwabasebenzi eNingizimu Afrika

Ngonyaka we-1922 kwaba khona imibhikosho emikhulu eNingizimu Afrika yenziwa ngabasebenzi basezimayini kodwa yabe ithola ingcindezi enkulu kuhulumeni. Ushintso lwaba khona ngonyaka we-1973 lapho kwaba khona imobhikisho eminingi eThekwini eyaholela emzabalazweni, eyaholela ekuvumbukeni kwezinhlangano ezimele abasebenzi. Lokhu kwaholela ekubunjweni kwenhlangano yabasebenzi basezimayini eyqanajwa mgokuthi i-*National Union of Mineworkers* ngonyaka we-1982. Lenhlanagano yabe inobudlelwano obukhulu neqembu le-i*Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU)* yona eyabunjwa ngonyaka we-1985 nayo eyabe inobuhlobo obukhu neqembu le-*United Democratic Front (UDF)* lamaqembu ayehlangen engenhloso yokuyoqeda ubandlululo.

## Ususku Lwabasebenzi emva kwe-1994

Ngonyaka we-1994 emva kokhetho lokuwqala lwentando yeningi usuku loku-1 uNhlaba labekwa njengeholide, elaziwa njengoSuku Lwabasebenzi. Ngalolu suku inhlangano enkulu emele abasebenzi i*Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU)* ibamba amamshi kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseNingizimu Afrika ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuba khona kwemithetho evikela abasebezi. Imashi enkulu ibanjwa eThekwini eCurries Fountain Staa`dium, okuyilapho imibhikisho emikhulu ngonyaka we-1973 yahlanganaisa khona izinkumbi zabasebenzi. Kulombhikisho kwahlanaga abasebenzi abalinganiselwa kwabayizi-100,000 beshamela amholo angcono . kulamamashi asuke ebanjwe ngalolu suku abasebenzi basuke bemashela inhlalakahle kanye nezimo ezisemgangathweni zokusukebenzela.

Ngosuku Lwabasebenzi umongameli wezwe wethula inkulumo lapho kusuke kubanjwe khona imashi enkulu, ngokuhlelwa yi-*COSATU*Uhulumeni ngokubona ukubaluleka kwalosuku wenze imithetho eminingi ezama ukuvikela amalungelo abasebenzi emsebenzini, ukuze bangaxhashazwa ngabaqashi. Lemithetho futhi yenzelwa ukuba ubudlelwano phakathi kwabaqashi kanye nabasebenzi buhlezi buqinile. Isigaba sama-22 somthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika sisqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu unelungelo lokukhetha umsebenzi umsebenzi othandwa nguye, futhi umqashi nabasebenzi banelungeno lokwe noma imuphi umsebenzi, ngokwemibandela abavumelana ngayo . Imithetho eyenziwe nguhululmeni waseNingizimu Afrika ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amalungelo absebenzi avikelekile, singabala le:

* Umthetho wokuHlobana nabaSebenzi we-1995 (*Labour Relations Act of 1995)*
* Umthetho weZempilo nezokuphepha eziMayini we-1996 (*Mines Health and Safety Act 1996")*
* Umthetho wekuQashwa ngokuLingana we-1998 (*Employment Equity Act 1998*)
* Umthetho weMibandela eyiSisisekelo yokuQashwa we-1997 (*Basic Conditions of Employment Act 1997*)

Usuku lwabasebenzi libuye lisetshenziswe njengendawo lapho lapho kuveza izinkinga ezibheke nezwe laseNingizimu Afrika okubalwa kuzo ukuntuleka kwamathuba emisabenzi, ukungelingani ngokomnotho, kanye nezinkinga zokucwasana ngokobhlanga nozo zonke izindlela zokubandlululana.

## Bheka futhi

* Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU)
* ISouth African Communist Party (SACP)

## Imithombo