# Ibizo

Kubhalomagama **ibizo** liwuhlobo lwegama elimela into thizeni, kungaba into ethintekayo ephathekayo noma ekhanyangwayo engaphatheki, njengomuntu, indawo, izehlakalo, isilwane, umqondo, isimo, imfanelo, izimo zobukhona namasu. EsiZulwini, ibizo lingaba umenzi noma umenziwa emushweni noma endabeni, futhi kukhona amabizo anobunye kuphela namabizo anobuningi kuphela, iziqalo zamabizo yizo ezenza kube lula ukunquma ukuthi ibizo lisebunyeni noma ebuningini.

Kwezezilimi, amabizo ayisakhi noma ucezu lwenkulumo, futhi achasiswa ngokwendlela amalunga awo ahlobana ngayo nezinye izingcezu zenkulumo ezifana nezibabazo, ezichasiso, izibanjalo nezenzo.

EsiZulwini kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zamabizo ezihlanganisa, amabizomvama, amabizomuntu, amabizonto, amabizoqoqa, amabizoqho, amabizombaxa oma amabizongxube, kukhona namabizomfakela. Amabizo yiwona avame ukulawula ukugobhoza komusho, Ukuze umusho uhambisane nobhalomagama, isenzo kanye neziphawulo kufanele zihambisane nezigaba zamabizo. Izigaba zamabizo zesizulu ziyindlela amabizo ahlelwa ngayo ngokweziqalo ezisetshenziswa emabizweni.

## Izinhlobo zamabizo

Amabizo anezakhi ezingafani futhi kunendlela yokuhlukanisa ngokusebenzisa izakhi zawo nendlela akheke ngayo, kuye ngokusebenza kwawo olimini. Amabizo ahlukaniswa ngokwezingcezu zezwi *(morphological)* ezifana nesiqalo noma isijobelelo zawo, noma ngokwendlela asetshenziswa ngayo emushweni – indlela ahlangana ngayo namanye amagama.

Iningi lezinhlobo ezinjalo zamabizo zihambisana nokuhleleka kolimi, njengoba izilimi nezindlela zokuxuba amagama nezingcezu zamazwi ezingafani. Ngokwesibonelo isiNgisi sianamabizo asebenzise isakhi *the* Kodwa isiRashiya asinaso, njengoba nesiZulu singenaso.

### Amabizo asebunyeni nasebuningini

Olimini lwesiZulu, kukhona amabizo asebunyeni noma anobunye, kube ngamabizo anobuningi. Isiqalocsebizo yiwona esenza umehluko ucace. Amanye amabizo awanabo ubuningi, anobunye kuphela, futhi kukhona angenabo nhlobo ubunye, anobuningi kuphela (Isib. *Amanzi*, *Amafutha*, *Amasi*).

### Amabizoqho namabizomvama

*Ibizoqho* liyibizo elimelela umenzo owodwa (Isib. *uNomaxhama*, *UJesu*, *IZimbabwe*, *uNomkhubulwane*) – ngokungafani *namabizomvama*, wona achazisa izinto ezivamile (Isb. *izwe*, *isilwane*, *umzulane*, *umuntusiqu*, *umkhumbi*, *isikole*). NgesiNgisi amabizoqho aqala ngofeleba. NgesiZulu imithetho yokufelebisa iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi igama lendawo noma umuntu.

### Amabizoqoqa

*Amabizoqoqa* angamabizo – noma esetshenziswa ngokocezu lezwi futhi ehlanganisa namanye amagama noma ayiswa ebunyeni – asho iqoqo lezinto eziningi ezifanayo ezibizwa ngegama elilodwa (Isb. umhlambi, inyanda, ibutho, uswebezane, uhlanga, uhulumeni). NgesiNgisi, amabizoqoqa avame ukulandelwa isenzo sobunye noma ubumingi noma isabizwana sobuningi.

### Amabizonto namabizosimo

*Amabiznto* amabizo wezinto ezingaphili ezithintekayo noma eziphathekayo zibonwe ngamehlo noma zishwaywe ngezinzwa (*isihlalo*, *iphumezi*, *indlu*, *umoya*), okuyinto ezikhona ezweni loqobo. Kolunye uhlangothi *Amabizosimo*, abhekisela ezintweni ezikhanyangwayo: izinto ezingabonakali futhi ezingathinteki ngesandla, eziyisicabango noma umsukamqondo (Isb. *ubuhlungu*, *umona*, *ukuthula*, *ubulungiswa*, *ulaka*, *inkathi*).

Amanye amabizo anemiqondo ehlanganisa amabizonto namabizosimo: *ubuciko* igama elisho into ekhanyangwayo, kodwa libuye lisho nento engokoqobo. Amanye amabizo aba nemiqondo engokoqobo futhi abe nemiqondo engokomfanekiso.

### Amabizomuntu

*Amabizomuntu* wona angamabizo asuselwa emsebenzini umuntu awenzayo noma isenzo somuntu aziwa ngaso (Isb. *umfundisi*, *umculi*, ',*umthungi*, *umqaqathi*, *inyanga*)

### Amabizongxube namabizombaxa

*Amabizongxube* noma amabizombaxa wona angamabizo akhiwe ngezingcezu ezimbili zenkulumo (noma ngaphezulu) ezihlangana zaba igama elilodwa. Lamabizo ayindlela yokwakha amagama amasha esetshenziswa osozilimi.

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* Amabizomfakela: Lawa ngamagama athathwe kwezinye izilimi ngenxa yokungabikho kwalawo magama esiZulwini.
```

## Amaphatho