# Quran

AmaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi iQuran iyisambulo sokugcina sikaNkulunkulu esintwini, umsebenzi wokuholwa nguNkulunkulu okwembulelwe uMuhammad ngengelosi uGabriyeli .

Ihlonishwa ngamaSulumane azinikele "njengengcwelengcwele," umsindo wayo oshukumisela abanye "ukukhala nokuthokoza", kuyisimbonakaliso sokholo, umbhalo ovame ukusetshenziswa njengekhubalo ngezikhathi zokuzalwa, ukufa, umshado.Ngenxa yalokho,

> Akufanele iphumule ngaphansi kwezinye izincwadi, kepha ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphezulu kwayo, umuntu akumele nanini aphuze noma abheme lapho ifundwa ngokuzwakalayo, futhi kufanele ilalelwe buthule. Kuyindlela yokulwa nezifo nenhlekelele.
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Ngokwesiko kwagcizelelwa kakhulu izingane ukuthi zibambe ngekhanda amavesi angama-6200 + eQuran, labo abaphumelelayo behlonishwa ngesihloko esithi Hafiz."Izigidi nezigidi" zamaSulumane "zibhekisela kwiKoran nsuku zonke ukuze zichaze izenzo zazo futhi zithethelele izifiso zazo," [lower-roman 13] futhi eminyakeni yamuva nje abaningi bakuthatha njengomthombo wolwazi lwesayensi.

Isambulo kuzimo zamaSulumane nezamaQuran sisho isenzo sikaNkulunkulu sokukhuluma nomuntu ngamunye, ehambisa umyalezo wenani elikhulu labamukeli.Inqubo okufika ngayo umyalezo waphezulu enhliziyweni yesithunywa sikaNkulunkulu yi- *tanzil* (ukuthumela phansi) noma i- *nuzūl* (ukwehla).Njengoba iQuran isho, "Ngeqiniso thina (uNkulunkulu) siyithumele phansi futhi ngeqiniso yehlile."

I-Quran igcizelela njalo embhalweni wayo ukuthi ihlelwe ngokwaphezulu.Amanye amavesi eQuran abonakala esho ukuthi ngisho nalabo abangakhulumi isi-Arabhu bangayiqonda iQuran uma beyifundelwa. I-Quran ibhekisa embhalweni wokuqala obhaliwe, "ithebhulethi elondoloziwe," erekhoda inkulumo kaNkulunkulu nangaphambi kokuba yehliswe.

AmaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi amagama akhona manje eQuran ahambisana nalokho okwembulelwe uMuhammad, futhi ngokwencazelo yawo yeQuran 15:9, ivikelwe ekonakaleni ("Ngempela, yithina esathumela phansi iQuran futhi impela, Sizoba umnakekeli wayo. ").AmaSulumane abheka iQuran njengesiqondisi, uphawu lobuprofethi bukaMuhammad neqiniso lenkolo.

AmaShīa akholelwa ukuthi iQuran yaqoqwa futhi yahlanganiswa nguMuhammad ngesikhathi esaphila, kunokuba ihlanganiswe ngu- Uthman ibn Affan.Kukhona okunye ukwehluka endleleni amaShia ahumusha ngayo umbhalo.AmaSulumane awavumelani ngokuthi ngabe iQuran yadalwa yini uNkulunkulu noma ingunaphakade futhi "ayidalwanga."AmaSunni (enza cishe ama-85-90% amaSulumane) abamba ukuthi iQuran ayidalwanga — imfundiso ebikade ingaphikiswa phakathi kwabo amakhulu eminyaka.Shia Twelvers futhi Zaydi, kanye Kharijites -believe Quran yadalwa.Izazi zefilosofi zeSufi zibheka lo mbuzo njengowokufakelwa noma owakhiwe ngokungafanele.

I-Quran, imibhalo yesandla ye-Sana'a ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Ngokusebenzisa i-U.V kanye ne-X-ray, imibhalo engezansi engabonakali ngeso lenyama nezinguquko ezenziwe embhalweni zingadalulwa.
### Ekukhulekeleni

 Lapho bemi emithandazweni, abakhulekeli basho isahluko sokuqala seQuran, i- al-Fatiha, silandelwe esinye isigaba.
I- surah yokuqala ye-Quran iyaphindwa emithandazweni yansuku zonke nakwezinye izikhathi.Le surah, equkethe amavesi ayisikhombisa, iyona surah ekhulunywa kaningi kakhulu yeQuran:

Ezinye izingxenye zeQuran yokuzikhethela nazo ziyafundwa emithandazweni yansuku zonke.

Ukuhlonipha umbhalo obhaliwe we-Quran kuyinto ebalulekile yokholo lwenkolo ngamaSulumane amaningi, futhi i-Quran iphathwa ngenhlonipho.Ngokuya ngesiko nencazelo engokoqobo yeQuran 56:79 ("akekho ozothinta kepha labo abahlanzekile"), amanye amaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi kumele ahlanze ngamanzi (Wudu noma Ghusl) ngaphambi kokuthinta ikhophi yeQuran, yize lo mbono ungekho ndawo yonke.Amakhophi we-Quran agugile asongwe ngendwangu agcinwe ngokungapheli endaweni ephephile, angcwatshwe esontweni lamaSulumane noma emathuneni amaSulumane, noma ashiswe nomlotha ungcwatshwe noma usakazeke phezu kwamanzi.

E-Islam, imikhakha eminingi yezobuhlakani, kufaka phakathi imfundiso yenkolo yamaSulumane, ifilosofi, imfihlakalo kanye nomthetho wezomthetho, ibikhathazekile ngeQuran noma isisekelo sayo ezimfundisweni zayo. AmaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi ukushunyayelwa noma ukufundwa kweQuran kuvuzwa *ngemivuzo* yaphezulu ehlukahlukene ebizwa nge-ajr, *thawab*, noma *hasanat.*

### Kubuciko bamaSulumane

I-Quran iphinde yaphefumulela ubuciko bamaSulumane futhi ikakhulukazi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Quranic arts ye- calligraphy kanye nokukhanyisa . I-Quran ayikaze ihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso engokomfanekiso, kepha ama-Qurans amaningi ahlotshiswe kakhulu ngamaphethini wokuhlobisa emaphethelweni ekhasi, noma phakathi kwemigqa noma ekuqaleni kwama-suras.Amavesi amaSulumane avela kweminye imidiya eminingi, ezakhiweni nasezintweni zabo bonke osayizi, njengamalambu ama- mosque, umsebenzi wensimbi, izitsha zobumba kanye namakhasi owodwa we-calligraphy yama- muraqqas noma ama-albhamu.

* ICalligraphy, ngekhulu le-18. IBrooklyn Museum .
* Imibhalo eqoshwe eQuran, iBara Gumbad mosque, eDelhi, eNdiya.
* Isibani esijwayelekile sama- mosque, sengilazi yoqweqwe lwawo, ne- *Ayat an-Nur* noma i- "Verse of Light" (24:35).
* Amavesi e-Quranic, i-Shahizinda mausoleum, iSamarkand, i-Uzbekistan.
* Ubuciko bokuhlobisa ikhasi le-Quran, isikhathi se-Ottoman.
* Amaqabunga avela kule Quran ebhalwe ngegolide futhi ahlanganiswe ngoyinki onsundu anefomethi evundlile. Lokhu kufaneleke kakhulu ekubhalweni okudala kwe-Kufic, okwaba yinto ejwayelekile ngaphansi kwamakhalifi ase-Abbasid okuqala .
* Umbhalo Wesandla weQuran eBrooklyn Museum

 Umbhalo wesandla weQuran wekhulu le-12 eReza Abbasi Museum .
### Abaprofethi

 UJona nenhlanzi ( okuncane ). Njengoba kuchaziwe eNcwadini kaJona, waphonswa emkhunjini olwandle iMedithera, wagwinywa yizinhlanzi waphonswa ogwini lwaseNineve, inganekwane kaJunus iyaphindwa eQuran.
Ngokwe-Quran, uNkulunkulu wayexhumana nomuntu futhi wenza intando yakhe yaziwe ngezibonakaliso nezambulo.Abaprofethi, noma 'Izithunywa zikaNkulunkulu', bathola izambulo futhi bazinikezela esintwini.Umlayezo ubufana futhi ubhekiswe kuso sonke isintu."Akukho okushiwo kuwe okungazange kutshelwe izithunywa ngaphambi kwakho, ukuthi inkosi yakho inokuthethelelwa ngokomyalo wayo kanye nesijeziso esibuhlungu kakhulu."Isambulo asiveli ngqo kuNkulunkulu kubaprofethi. Izingelosi ezisebenza njengezithunywa zikaNkulunkulu ziletha isambulo saphezulu kubo.Lokhu kuvela 42:51, lapho kubhalwe khona ukuthi: "Akufanele noma ngubani ofayo ukuthi uNkulunkulu akhulume nabo, ngaphandle kwesambulo, noma ngemuva kweveli, noma ngokuthumela isithunywa ukuthi sembule ngemvume yakhe noma yini Uzokwenzenjalo."

### Isikhuthazo sesayensi

Isazi se-astrophysicist uNidhal Guessoum, ngenkathi egxeka kakhulu izimangalo mbumbulu zesayensi ezenziwe ngeQuran, uqhakambise isikhuthazo sesayensi iQuran esihlinzeka ngokuthuthukisa "umqondo wolwazi." Uyabhala:: 174

> I-Qur'an idonsela engcupheni yokuqagela ngaphandle kobufakazi ( *Futhi ungalandeli lokho ongenalo ulwazi oluthile (* 17:36) futhi emavesini amaningi ahlukene acela amaSulumane ukuthi afune ubufakazi ( *Ithi:Letha ubufakazi bakho uma ngabe uneqiniso* 2: 111), kokubili ezindabeni zenkolelo yezenkolo nakwisayensi yemvelo.
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## Izinkomba

### Izingcaphuno