# iNyanga

iNyanga edilingene
**iNyanga** (uphawu: ) iwukuphela kweduna elizungeza uMhlaba. INyanga izungeza uMhlaba isebangeni elingamakhilomitha ayizi-384,399. INyanga iqeda uzungezo lwayo ngesikhathi esiyinyanga eyodwa, noma ngezinsuku ezingama-29.5. INyanga noMhlaba zibanjwe ukuheha komnyondo onamandla emacaleni azo abukene. Lokhu kwenza kube neziphoqi zamabuya okuyizona ezidala amabuya eMhlabeni, futhi zadonsa iNyanga ukuba ibuke uMhlaba ngohlangothi olulodwa kuphela. Lokhu kukhweqa kwamabuya ngokomphumela kwenza uzungezo lweNyanga (usuku lwayo) ukuba luhambisane nenkathi ezungeza ngayo uMhlaba (inyanga eyodwa).

Kuzungezohlelo lweLanga, iNyanga iyiduna elikhulu nelinesisindo ukwedlula nemizulane esichwe eyaziwayo, futhi iyiduna lesihlanu elikhulu. Umnyondo wobuso bayo ulingana nengxenye eyodwa yesithupha yomnyondo woMhlaba, okuyisigamu somnyondo kaNotshezi, futhi ungowesibili omkhulu ezinyageni zozungezohlelo lweLanga kulandela inyanga kaMkhulukhulwana ebizwa uSontshaba. Umzimba weNyanga umahlukohluko futhi uhlabathi, unengcosana yamanzimbulunga, umoyambulunga newonga. Ubuso benyanga bumbozw nge-regolith, equkethe izincushuzo eziphafuke egobohleni ngenxa yokugadlazeke. Ingakho kuthiwa umaqubintuli, futhi igobohla lakhe linezigqabhozi zokugadlazeka eziningi. Inyanga yake yaba nobuqhebeqhebe bezintshabamlilo eminyakeni eyisigidinqindi (1.2 billion) edlule. Indabuko yeNyanga ayaziwa, kodwa kukhona abahlawumbisela ukuthi yabumbeka ngezithako zoMhlaba, ezaphafuka lapho ugadlazwa indikimba elingana noNotshezi ebizwa gokuthi uThiyana eminyakeni eyizigidinqindi ezi-4.51 edlule, ngemva kokubumbeka koMhlaba.

Ebangeni elikuyo, izimo zobusuku nemini zikamaqubintuli thina sizibona kuyizimo zenyanga, nalapho iNyanga idlula ethunzini loMhlaba kuba noNyezibomvu. Ubungako obubonwayo beNyanga esibhakabhakeni cishe balingana nobeLanga, okwenza ukwazi ukulisitheza ngokugcwele lapho kunensitholanga egcwele. INyanga iyindikimba eqhakazayo ebusuku ngenxa yokulwentuza ukukhanya.

INyanga ibilokhu ingumthombo obalulekile wogqozi nolwazi emlandweni ikakhulu kwezenkolo, ubuciko, Inzululwazi yemvelo, nokundiza emkhathini. Izindizamkhathi zokuqala ezaya endikimbeni esemkhathini zaya eNyangeni, kusuka ngowe-1959 lapho kuyingeleza i-Luna 1 (eyathunyelwa i Soviet Union), Kanye ne- Luna 2 yaba nohlonze emhlabeni wonke, ezalandelwa ngowe-1966 umcababalo othambile we- Luna 9 nozungezo lwe- Luna 10. Abantu baqala ukunyatuela ebusweni heNyanga ngo July 20, 1969, besebenzisa indizamkhathi i-Apollo 11. Ngowe-1972, kwase kuthunyelwe izindizamkhathi iziyisithupha, kwacababala abantu abayishumi nambili eNyangeni. Maduze kulindelwe ukuba uhlelo lwe-Artemis lubuyosele abantu eNyangeni.

## uMsukagama

Igama lesiZulu elithi *inyanga* liyibizonto leduna loMhlaba elibonakala ngonyezi ebusuku. Aligcini ekubeni igama lendikimba esemkhathini njengoba kubalwa isikhathi ngokuhambisana nozungezo lwayo. Uzungezo olulodwa lezinsuku ezingama-29 lubizwa iNyanga.
Umsuka walo usolimini olwandulela isintu kwelithi -mʊ̀gàngà elisebenza kokubili kumuntu owelaphayo nasendikimbeni esemkhathini.

Ngokwesichazamazwi sikaVilakazi elinye igama lenyanga nguMaqibuntuli. Elithi 'unyezi' libhekisela ekukhanyeni kwayo ebusuku, lihlobene nesijobelelo esithi *nyezi* esisemagameni inkanyezi, ubhaqanyezi, iqhumanyezi.
Igama lesiZulu lokuhlonipha lenyanga elithi impengu nelithi inelekehle.

## uMlando wendalo

### Ukubumbeka kwayo

Umdwebo onyakazayo obonisa ukubumbeka kwenyanga lapho umzulane, obizwa uNomthiya, olingana noNotshezi ungqubuzana noMhlaba.
Ukuhlolwa kwamachembe ezangulo zenyanga kusikisela ukuthi inyanga yabumbeka eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-50 ngemuva kokuvela kozungezohlelo lweLanga. Ngokomlando, kunezindlela ezimbalwa eziphakanyiswayo zokubumbeka kwayo, kodwa ayikho enencazelo echaza izici zohlelo lwenyanga-nomhlaba ngokukholisayo. Abanye bathi inyanga iwucezu olwaklewuka eMhlabeni endulo, abanye bathi inyanga yayizidlulela emkhathini yabanjwa umnyondo woMhlaba, abanye bona bathi uMhlaba nenyanga zadalwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa asikho kuzo zonke lezi zihlawumbiselo, esichaza ngengoni yomjijiyane wohlelo lenyanga-nomhlaba.

Umchachiso oseqhulwini wohlelo lwenyanga-nomhlaba uthi inyanga yabumbeka lapho uMhlaba wanguna ugadlazwa indikimba ewumzulane olingana noNotshezi, ebizwa uNomthiya. Lokhu kugadlazeka kwaqhumisa futhi kwasakaza izingcezu zoMhlaba esibhakabhakeni futhi zaqala ukuzungeza uMhlaba futhi ihlumelelo lazo labumba inyanga eduze nomngcele kaRoche.

Kuthiwa ukugadlazeka kwaloluhlobo kwakuyinsakavukela ezinsukwini zokuqala kozungezohlelo lweLanga. Imifefenyeko yesicikizi yalokhu kungqubuzana iveza iziphumo ezifanayo futhi ezihambisana nesisindo sikaMaqubintuli nengoni yomjijiyane wohlelo lwenyanga-noMhlaba. Le mifefenyeko ibonisa ukuthi iningi lezakhi zenyanga livela endikimbeni eyagadlaza uMhlaba wanguna.. Kodwa, izinongo zowezi-2007 nakamuva zisikisela ukuthi ucezu olukhulu lwenyaga lwaluvela eMhlabeni wanguna. Ezinye izindikimba zozungezohlelo lweLanga ezifana noNotshezi noma umhlabana obizwa uNovolo (Vesta), ngokweziphololwane ezikuyo, zinezigubo zamachembe wesOhwe nomZithowe ahlukile kunawoMhlaba. Kodwa uMhlaba kanye neNyanga ziqukethe izigubo ezicishe zifana ncamashi. Ukulingana kwamachembe wohlelo lwenyanga-noMhlaba kungachazwa ngokokuxubana kwezithako ezihwamukeli okwenzeka emva kokungqubuzana, nakuba kunempikiswano ngalomchachiso.

Ukugadlazeka koMhlaba kwadedela isidlakalasi esanele ukuba siketshezise (liquefy) kokubili ezingcezu ezivela eMhlabeni kanye negobohla loMhlaba, kanjalo kwabumbeka ulwandle lwentshekeza (magma). Inyanga esanda kubunjwa kungenzeka yayinolwayo ulwandle lomtshekeza.

Nakuba lo mchachiso wokugadlazeka uchaza ngendlela eyenza umqondo ubufakazi obukhona, kusanemibuzo engakaphendulwa iningi layo ethinta isigubo senyanga. Izinongo ezithi iNyanga yakhiwe ngoMhlaba wanguna zikuthola kunzima ukucacisa imininingo yezinhlwa zevange ezifana neZambedu, isOhwe,, iSiphemba nezinye. Ucwaningo lowezi-2022, olwasebenzisa umfefenyeko womgqamophezulu lwathola ukuthi ukugadlazeka okunjalo kunamandla wokudala iduna elinesisindo nesiqikili sensimbi esingangesinyanga emkhathini ukuba lizungeze uMhlaba likude nomngcele kaRoche. Ngisho nezivoko ezidlula emngceleni kaRoche ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka zisebenza.

Mhla zil-1 kuNovemba wezi-2023, osonzululwazi babika ukuthi ngokwemifefenyeko yesicikizi, izinsalela zikaNomthiya kungenzeka zisekhona eMhlabeni.

* Umhlaba enyanga ngoKhisimusi 1968
* Abahambi amafu: uNeil Armstrong ubethatha isithombe ngo-Buzz Aldrin enyanga, 1969
* Ukuhlwa kwelanga ngo-1999
* Inyanga phambi kwelanga ngo-2007
* Amaqeqeba wenyanga
* Izikhathi wenyanga