Rikunarita-ORG/Wikinium huggingface dataset:
# uNotshezi

uNotshezi
**uNotshezi,** noma **uMarzi** (uphawu: ) ngumzulane wesine ozungezohlelweni lweLanga futhi ongowesibili ngobuncane, ngoba mkhulu kunoNomjubane kuphela. Igama elithi UNotshezi livela kwelithi 'umtshezi' elisho into ebonakala ibomvana, njengoba nawo lomzulane obonakala ubomvana emehlweni. UNotshezi ungumzulane oyizwe *(terrestrial)* futhi unomoyambulunga olubunda (1% ngaphansi kokaNomkhubulwane), futhi unegobohla ngokuyinhloko elakhiwa izinhlwa ezifanayo nezegobohla likaNomkhubulwane, kanye nomnyombo owakhiwa insimbi nenimbi. UNotshezi unolwangu lobuso olufana nezigqabhozi zokugadlazeka, izigodi, amagquma, nezombozo zeqhwa emachopheni. Unezinyanga ezimbili ezincane nezibumbeke kabi: uMunge noZimvalo.

Olunye lolwangu oluphawuleka kakhulu ebusweni bukaNotshezi luhilela iNtaba yeqhwa *(Olympus Mons)*, okuyintshaba enkulu nentaba ephakeme eyaziwayo kunoma imuphi umzulane esimisweni sikanozungezilanga, kanye nesiGodi solwandle *(Valles Marineris)*, okungesinye semigwila *(canyons)* emikhulu esimisweni sikanozungezilanga. IsiZiba Senyakatho *(Borealis basin)* esikuNjikalanga nyakatho simboza ngokwenanifuphi indawo engama-40 ekhulwini yomzulane futhi kungenzeka siwulwangu lokugadlazeka. Izinsuku nezinkathi zonyaka kuNotshezi ziyaqhathaniseka nezikaNomkhubulwane, njengoba lemizulane inenkathi efanayo yokundiyaza kanye nokutsheka kwamachopho okundiyaza ayisimelana esimakhophelana. Amanzi awuketshezi ebusweni bukaNotshezi awanakutholakala ngenxa yomfutho yomoyambulunga ophansi, ophansi ngomuvo ekhulwini kunomfutho womoyambulunga kaNomkhubulwane. Zombili izimbozo zeqhwa emachopheni kaNotshezi zibonakala zakhiwa amanzi. Endulo elinguna, uNotshezi kungenzeka wayemanzana, futhi kanjalo ekulungele ukuba nempilo. Kodwa, akwaziwa ukuthi impilo yake yaba khona kuNotshezi.

UNotshezi useke wahlwaywa izindizamkhathi ezingenabashayeli ezimbalwa, ukusungula nge-Mariner 4 ngowe-1965. Isinyatheli *(lander)* sakwa-NASA i-Viking 1 safufukisa ngowe-1976 izithombe zokuqala zobuso bukaNotsezi. Amazwe amabili sewakwazile ukuthumela izinzinga *(rovers)* kuNotshezi, iMelika yakwenza okokuqala nge-Sojourner ngowe-1997 kanye neShayina nge-Zhurong ngowezi-2021. Kukhona namanye amahambo ahlelelwe ngomuso wokuya kuNotshezi, efana nohambo lokuyothatha izangulo oluzokwenzeka ngowezi-2026, futhi isinzingi esibizwa *Rosalind Franklin*, esasihloselwe ukunyakula ngowezi-2018 kodwa salibaziselwa owezi-2024, kungenzeka sinyakule ngowezi-2028.

UNotshezi angabukwa ngeso lenyama, kanjalo nombala wawo obomvana. Lobu bumomo, ngenxa yokwanda kwentuhla yensimbi ebusweni bawo, buholele ekutheni uNotshezi abizwe ngomzulane omtshezi noma ubomvu, okuvela igama Notshezi kubo. Ungenye yezinto ezigqame kakhulu esibhakabhakeni sasebusuku.
# 2014

**Bheka futhi: Unyaka ka-2014 eNingizimu Afrika(isiNgisi)*

**2014** singunyaka. Iqala ngoLwesithathu.

## Izehlakalo

### uNhlaba

* 7 ngoNhlaba - INingizimu Afrika inekhetho likazwelonke

### uNcwaba

* 5 ngoNcwaba - ukuzamazama komhlaba, ubukhulu be-5.5 esikalini saseRichter, esine-epicenter e-Orkney, eNorth West

## Abazalwayo

## Abafileyo

* 11 ngoNhlangulana - Ruby Dee, umlingisi waseMelika (owazalwa nge-1922)
* 27 ngoNhlangulana - Leslie Manigat, uMengameli wama-43 ka-Haiti (owazalwa nge-1930)
* 13 ngoNtulikazi - Nadine Gordimer, wayengumlobi ngolimi lwesiNgisi (owazalwa nge-1923)
# Umbhali

**Umbhali** ngumuntu osebenzisa amagama abhaliwe ngezitayela namasu ahlukene ukudlulisa imibono.Ababhali bakhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zobuciko bemibhalo nokubhala kokuqamba njengamanoveli, izindaba ezimfishane, izincwadi, izinkondlo, imidlalo yeshashalazi, imidlalo yesikrini, izingcingo, izingoma nezindatshana kanye neminye imibiko nezindatshana zezindaba ezingaba nentshisekelo emphakathini.Imibhalo yabalobi ishicilelwa kwimidiya ehlukahlukene. Ababhali abanekhono abakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ukuveza imibono kahle, bavame ukufaka isandla kakhulu kokuqukethwe kwamasiko emphakathini.

Igama elithi "umbhali" liphinde lisetshenziswe kwenye indawo kwezobuciko nasemculweni - njengombhali wezingoma noma umbhali wesikrini - kepha njenge "mbhali" ozimele ngokuvamile kubhekiswa ekwakhiweni kolimi olubhalwayo.Abanye ababhali basebenza ngokwesiko lomlomo.

Ababhali bangakhipha okokusebenza ezinhlotsheni eziningi, eziqanjiwe noma ezingezona eziqanjiwe.Abanye ababhali basebenzisa imidiya eminingi - ngokwesibonelo, ihluzo noma umfanekiso - ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumana kwemibono yabo.Esinye isidingo sakamuva senziwe ngabafundi bakahulumeni kanye nohulumeni ngomsebenzi wabalobi bezobuchwepheshe abangaqanjiwe, abanamakhono adala imibhalo eqondakalayo, etolikekayo yohlobo olusebenzayo noma lwesayensi.Abanye ababhali bangasebenzisa izithombe (ukudweba, ukudweba, ihluzo) noma i- multimedia ukukhulisa ukubhala kwabo. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ababhali bokudala bayakwazi ukudlulisa imibono yabo ngomculo nangamagama.

 Umdwebi wombhali nembongi waseSweden-Finnish nembongi uZachris Topelius (1818-1898) ka- Albert Edelfelt
# Ezemidlalo

Imidlalo ebuntwaneni. I-Association football, eboniswe ngenhla, iwumdlalo weqembu onikeza namathuba okuqeqesha ukuqina komzimba namakhono okuxhumana.
I-London Marathon ka-2005: imincintiswano yokugijima, emikhakheni yayo ehlukahlukene, imele uhlobo oludala kakhulu lwezemidlalo.
**Umdlalo** wumsebenzi womzimba noma umdlalo, ngokuvamile umqhudelwano ohlelekile, ogcina noma othuthukisa ikhono nokuqeqesheka komzimba. Imidlalo inganikeza injabulo kwababambe iqhaza nokuzijabulisa kwezibukeli. Inani lababambe iqhaza emdlalweni othile lingahluka kusuka emakhulwini abantu kuya kumuntu oyedwa.

Imncintiswano yezemidlalo ingasebenzisa iqembu noma indlela yomuntu oyedwa, futhi ingavuleka, ivumela abadlali abaningi, noma evaliwe, ivimbele ukubamba iqhaza emaqenjini athile noma labo abamenyiwe. Imiqhudelwano ingavumela "ibhande" noma "ukudonsa", lapho kungekho umnqobi oyedwa; abanye banikeza izindlela zokwephula ibhande ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunomnqobi oyedwa kuphela. Zingahlelwa ngendlela yomncintiswano, zikhiqize umpetha. Amaqembu amaningi ezemidlalo enza umpetha weminyaka yonke ngokuhlela imidlalo ngesikhathi semidlalo ejwayelekile, elandelwa kwezinye izimo ngama-playoffs.

Imidlalo ivamise ukuqondwa njengohlelo lwemisebenzi esekelwe emdlalweni womzimba noma ikhono lomzimba, nemiqhudelwano emikhulu ivamise ukwamukela kuphela imidlalo ehambisana nale ncazelo. Ezinye izinhlangano, njenge-Council of Europe, azivumi ukubala imisebenzi engenawo nhlobo umkhakha womzimba njengemidlalo. Nokho-ke, kunezinye izindlela zokuncintisana ezingasebenzisi umzimba kakhulu kodwa ezithi ziyimidlalo yengqondo (*mind sports*). I-International Olympic Committee, ephethe ama-Olympic Games, yamukela imidlalo efana ne-Chess kanye ne-Bridge njengemidlalo. I-SportAccord yona ibona imidlalo yengqondo emihlanu: i-Chess, i-Bridge, i-Draughts, i-Go kanye ne-Xiangqi. Kodwa-ke, le nhlangano ibeka umkhawulo enanini lemidlalo yengqondo engabhekwa njengemidlalo esemthethweni.Imidlalo ivamise ukuphathwa yimithetho noma amasiko aqinisekisa ukuncintisana okuhle nokulinganayo. Ukunqoba kunganqunywa ngezinto zomzimba njengokushaya amagoli noma ukufika kuqala entanjeni. Kwezinye izimo, ukunqoba kunqunywa amajaji abheka ukusebenza komdlali, okuhlanganisa izilinganiso eziqondile noma ezingaqondile ,njengobuchwepheshe bokwenza noma umbono wobuciko.

#### Izinhlobo zezemidlalo

Ibhola lezinyawo - football

\*\* Ibhola likanobhutshuzwayo - soccer

\*\* Ibhola lombhoxo - rugby

Ibhola lomnqakiswano - netball

Ibhola lomphebezo - tennis

Ibhola leqoma - basketball

Ezokusubatha - athletics

Racing - Umjaho

Marathon - Umbhadulo

Ukubhukuda - swimming

Isibhakela - boxing

Ezokugonyoza - wrestling

Ezokuqunyuza - cricket

Umkhalambazo - karate

Ukungcweka - fencing

Ukucibishela - archery

Ukushesheleza - skating