# 无宗教

**無宗教**是指那些人們沒有固定的宗教信仰，不屬於任何一個宗教組織，包括但不等於是無神論者，无宗教亦包含不可知論者或有神論者。

## 定義

雖然被歸類成無宗教的人們不遵循一特定宗教，但這不表示他們就完全不相信超自然或神。他們可能是沒有特定宗教信仰或者不奉行宗教儀式的有神論者。特別是那些對宗教有負面評價，或者把宗教定義成「組織性的宗教」的人，他們可能有或可能沒有精神上的信仰，但會說他們自己是無宗教信仰，不參加及不屬於任何一个宗教组織。

有許多無宗教信仰者，仍然會儀式性地參加許多如嬰兒洗禮、婚禮、喪禮等宗教禮節與祭祀等宗教活動，例如欧洲基督教国家中的无宗教信仰者中不少仍是天主教会、路德宗國教會、聖公宗國教會、東正教会成员，部分仍會在基督教主要節日如復活節和聖誕節到教堂參加崇拜。

宗教包括制度性宗教和非制度性宗教，聲稱不歸屬於任何宗教的人通常只是沒有參與制度性宗教，而不是完全沒有宗教行為，如許多日本人會按傳統到神社參拜、許願；許多中國大陸、香港和臺灣等地的華人，在不少重要節日和傳統節慶會到廟宇參拜，也會參加掃墓、祭祖或者中元普渡等祖先崇拜活動。

## 各國統計資料

世界无宗教信仰人口比例, 数据来源*Dentsu Institute* (2006) and *Zuckerman* (2005)

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|

| 國家
 | 無宗教人口比例 (多于20%者)（2012年）
 | 日期及資料
 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  爱沙尼亚
 | 70.4
 |  |
|  捷克
 | 67.8
 |  |
|  丹麦
 | 61
 |  |
|  德国
 | 59
 |  |
|  荷蘭
 | 56
 |  |
|  瑞典
 | 54
 |  |
|  日本
 | 52
 |  |
|  阿塞拜疆
 | 51
 |  |
|  中华人民共和国
 | 50.5
 |  |
|  乌拉圭
 | 47
 |  |
|  越南
 | 46.1
 |  |
|  法国
 | 44
 |  |
|  俄羅斯
 | 43.8
 |  |
|  白俄羅斯
 | 43.5
 |  |
|  韩国
 | 43
 |  |
|  芬兰
 | 42.9
 |  |
|  匈牙利
 | 42.6
 |  |
|  乌克兰
 | 42.4
 |  |
|  冰島
 | 42
 |  |
|  新西兰
 | 41.9
 |  |
|  拉脫維亞
 | 40.6
 |  |
|  英国 | 39
 |  |
|  比利时
 | 35.4
 |  |
|  盧森堡
 | 29.9
 |  |
|  斯洛維尼亞
 | 29.9
 |  |
|  智利
 | 25.0
 |  |
|  加拿大
 | 23.9
 |  |
|  西班牙
 | 23.3
 |  |
|  斯洛伐克
 | 23.1
 |  |
|  美国
 | 22.8
 |  |
|  澳大利亞
 | 22.3
 |  |
|  瑞士
 | 21.4
 |  |
|  博茨瓦纳
 | 20.6
 |  |

 |

| 國家
 | 無宗教人口比例 (少于20%者)（2012）
 | 日期及資料
 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  立陶宛
 | 19.4
 |  |
|  危地马拉
 | 18.3
 |  |
|  意大利
 | 17.8
 |  |
|  阿根廷
 | 16.0
 |  |
|  尼加拉瓜
 | 15.7
 |  |
|  伯利兹
 | 15.6
 |  |
|  南非
 | 15.1
 |  |
|  薩爾瓦多
 | 14.6
 |  |
|  克罗地亚
 | 13.2
 |  |
|  奥地利
 | 12.2
 |  |
|  葡萄牙
 | 11.4
 |  |
|  哥斯达黎加
 | 11.3
 |  |
|  波多黎各
 | 11.1
 |  |
|  保加利亚
 | 11.1
 |  |
|  菲律賓
 | 10.9
 |  |
|  洪都拉斯
 | 9.0
 |  |
|  阿尔巴尼亚
 | 8.0
 |  |
|  巴西
 | 8.0
 |  |
|  厄瓜多尔
 | 7.9
 |  |
|  愛爾蘭
 | 7.0
 |  |
|  墨西哥
 | 7.0
 |  |
|  印度
 | 6.6
 |  |
|  委內瑞拉
 | 6.0
 |  |
|  塞爾維亞
 | 5.8
 |  |
|  秘魯
 | 4.7
 |  |
|  波蘭
 | 4.6
 |  |
|  希腊
 | 4.0
 |  |
|  巴拿马
 | 3.0
 |  |
|  土耳其
 | 2.5
 |  |
|  羅馬尼亞
 | 2.4
 |  |
|  坦桑尼亚
 | 1.7
 |  |
|  馬爾他
 | 1.3
 |  |
|  伊朗
 | 1.1
 |  |
|  乌干达
 | 1.1
 |  |
|  马来西亚
 | 0.7
 |  |
|  奈及利亞
 | 0.7
 |  |
|  泰國
 | 0.27
 |  |
|  孟加拉国
 | 0.1
 |  |

 |

* 反宗教
* 無神論
* 不可知論
* 无宗教国家列表