# 上海美国法院

| 上海美国法院 （美国中国事务法院） United States Court for China |
| --- |
| *Defunct* |
| 美国总领事馆及美国在华法院，上海 1907年 |
| 位置 | 上海公共租界 |
| 建立 | 1906年6月30日 |
| 撤銷 | 1943年5月20日 |

**上海美国法院**，全称**美国中国事务法院**（The U.S. Court for China）是美国在20世纪于上海设立的法院。1844年美国同清朝政府签订了《中美望厦条约》，从此美国拥有了在中国的“治外法权”。1906年6月30日，美国国会通过法案，决定在上海设立法院，配备职业司法人员处理美国公民在中国地区的法律纠纷和刑事案件。

諸自第等維度在上海美国法院相当于联邦地区法院，上诉属于旧金山的美国第九巡回上诉法院，终审于美国联邦最高法院。1943年，美国撤销了上海美国法院。

## 上海美國法院法官

上海美國法院法官列表
| 法官 | 任期 | 背景
 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | 雷布斯·雷德曼·威夫利 | 1906–1908
 | 律師及前菲律賓司法部長。
 |
|  | Rufus Thayer | 1909–1913
 | Lawyer, law clerk in the US Department of Treasury, assistant to the Librarian of Congress and former Advocate General of the District of Columbia National Guard
 |
|  | Charles S. Lobingier | 1914–1924
 | Law professor, former Judge of the Philippines Court of First Instance and later member of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
 |
|  | 米爾頓·德懷特·普迪 | 1924–1934
 | 前美國市與郡檢察官、美國聯邦檢察官及美國司法部長助理
 |
|  | 米爾頓·約翰·赫爾米克 | 1934–1943
 | 前法官及新墨西哥州司法部長 |

Two individuals were also appointed Special Judges of the Court to try cases when the Judge was not available. They were:

* Nelson Lurton（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (1938 and 1941)
* Bertrand E Johnson（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (1943)

## 上海美國法院專員

1. 1918–1920: Nelson Erroll Lurton（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (1883–1956)
2. 1920–1923: Ferno J. Schul (1889-??)
3. 1923–1928: Nelson Erroll Lurton (1883-1956)
4. 1928–1933: Alexander Krisel (1890–1983)
5. 1934-1937: William T. Collins (ex-officio as Clerk of the Court)
6. 1937–1941: Nelson Errol Lurton (1883-1956)

## 著名律師

下列是部分知名的、獲准在上海美國法院執業的律师：

* 佑尼干，1893年至1897年曾任美国驻上海總領事
* 费信惇，后于1923年至1929年任上海公共租界工部局总董，1929年至1939年任工部局总裁
* 樊克令，后于1937年至1938年任上海工部局总董
* 阿乐满，后于1940年至1942年任上海工部局董事
* 柯銀漢，1920年至1935年任美国驻上海总领事；于1930年获准在此院执业，但并未实际执业。

* 英国在华最高法院

## 参考资料

* 杨寅，鲜知、遗忘的上海美国法院，《读书》，2003年8月，p84-89，ISSN 02570270
* Allman, Norwood Francis. Shanghai Lawyer. McGraw Hill. 1943  [2017-07-26]. OCLC 582340713. （原始内容存档于2015-02-15）.  （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (Republished with annotations and Illustrations as: Shanghai Lawyer: The Memoirs of America's China Spy Master, Earnshaw Books, 2017)
* Clark, Douglas. Gunboat Justice: British and American Law Courts in China and Japan (1842-1943). Hong Kong: Earnshaw Books. 2015. , Vol. 1: ISBN 978-988-82730-8-9; Vol. 2: ISBN 978-988-82730-9-6; Vol. 3: ISBN 978-988-82731-9-5
* Hinckley, Frank E. Extraterritoriality in China. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 1912, **39**: 97–108. JSTOR 1012076.
* Lee, Tahirih V. The United States Court for China: A Triumph of Local Law. Buffalo Law Review (University at Buffalo Law School). 2004, **52** (4): 923–1075. SSRN 958954 .
* Lobingier, Charles Sumner. American Courts in China. Bar Association Publications. 1919.
* Lobingier, Charles Sumner. Extraterritorial Cases, Including the Decisions of the United States Court for China from Its Beginning, Those Reviewing the Same by the Court of Appeals, and the Leading Cases Decided by Other Courts on Questions of Extraterritoriality **I**. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1920.
* Lobingier, Charles Sumner. The Decisions of the United States Court for China, 1920-1924, Those Reviewing the Same by the Court of Appeals and Leading Decisions by Other Authorities on Questions of Extraterritoriality **II**. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1928.
* Millare, Thomas F. A United States Court on Foreign Soil: Excellent Results Follow Judge Wilfley's Work in the Establishment of American Law and Jurisdiction in Foreign Concession, Shanghai. New York Times. March 22, 1908  [2018-11-18]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
* Ruskola, Teemu. Law's Empire: The Legal Construction of 'America' in the 'District of China'. Annual Meeting of American Society of Legal History. Washington, DC. November 15, 2003. SSRN 440641 .
* Ruskola, Teemu. Colonialism without Colonies: On the Extraterritorial Jurisprudence of the U.S. Court for China. Law and Contemporary Problems (Duke University School of Law). 2008, **71** (3): 217–242  [2018-11-18]. （原始内容存档于2019-12-19）.
* Scully, Eileen P. Bargaining with the State from Afar: American Citizenship in Treaty Port China, 1842-1942. Columbia University Press. 2001. ISBN 978-0-231-12109-5.

### 立法

* Act Creating the United States Court for China

### 偵查

* Charges against Lebbeus R. Wilfley, Judge of the United States Court for China, and Petition for His Removal from Office
* United States Court for China: Hearings before the Committee on Foreign Affairs (HR)

### 美國國家檔案館檔案

* Correspondence relating to and case files of the US Court for China (M862 Roll 80)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* US Court for China case reports from 1907 (M862 Roll 81)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* Correspondence relating to the US Court for China (M862 Roll 82)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* Consular files relating to charges against Judge Wilfley and other correspondence (M862 Roll 83)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* Consular files relating to charges against Judge Wilfley with numerous newspaper clippings and transcript of R v O’Shea and appointment of Rufus Thayer (M862 Roll 84)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* Consular Files relating to US Court for China (up to p283) (M862 Roll 85)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* General consular correspondence including cases before consular courts in China and prison escape in 1906 (pp213 et seq) (M862 Roll 92)（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
* Correspondence relating to charges against Wilfley by Lorrin Andrews（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (up to page 232) (Record Group 59: General Records of the Department of State, 1763 - 2002 Series: Numerical Files, 8/1906 - 1910 File Unit: Numerical File: 4769-4787)