# 呂基亞字母[编辑]

| 呂基亞字母  |
| --- |
| 类型 | 全音素文字 |
| 使用时期 | 公元前500年-330年 |
| 书写方向 | 從左至右  |
| 语言 | 呂基亞語 |
| 相关书写系统 |
| 母系统 | 腓尼基字母* 希臘字母
	+ 呂基亞字母
 |
| 姊妹系统 | 呂底亞字母 弗里吉亞字母 |
| ISO 15924 |
| ISO 15924 | Lyci (202), ​Lycian |
| Unicode |
| 别名 | Lycian |
| 范围 | U+10280–U+1029F |
|

呂基亞字母銘文
《披克索达洛司法令》
**呂基亞字母**用於小亞細亞的呂基亞地區，是書寫呂基亞語的字母系統。它是希臘字母的延伸，有額外的字母用於表示希臘字母不能表示的語音。呂基亞字母在很大程度上類似於呂底亞字母和弗里吉亞字母。

## 字母表

呂基亞字母包含代表29種元音和輔音的字母，其中有9個字母似乎並非源自希臘字母。有一些輔音由一個以上的符號表示，這被認爲是一個“字母”。呂基亞字母包含6個元音字母，其中四個字母代表呂基亞語全部四個口腔元音，兩個字母代表兩個鼻化元音。

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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|

| 字母
 | 轉寫
 | IPA
 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 𐊀 | a
 | [a]
 |
| 𐊂 | b
 | [β]
 |
| 𐊄 | g
 | [ɣ]
 |
| 𐊅 | d
 | [ð]
 |
| 𐊆 | i
 | [i], [ĩ]
 |
| 𐊇 | w
 | [w]
 |
| 𐊈 | z
 | [t͡s]
 |
| 𐊛 | h
 | [h]
 |
| 𐊉 | θ
 | [θ]
 |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 𐊊 | j或y
 | [j]
 |
| 𐊋 | k
 | [kʲ]
 |
| 𐊍 | l
 | [l]與[l̩]~[əl]
 |
| 𐊎 | m
 | [m]
 |
| 𐊏 | n
 | [n]
 |
| 𐊒 | u
 | [u], [ũ]
 |
| 𐊓 | p
 | [p]
 |
| 𐊔 | κ或c
 | [k]? [kʲ]? [h(e)]
 |
| 𐊕 | r
 | [r]與[r̩]~[ər]
 |
| 𐊖 | s
 | [s]
 |

 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 𐊗 | t
 | [t]
 |
| 𐊁 | e
 | [e]
 |
| 𐊙 | ã
 | [ã]
 |
| 𐊚 | ẽ
 | [ẽ]
 |
| 𐊐 | m̃
 | [m̩], [əm], [m.]
 |
| 𐊑 | ñ
 | [n̩], [ən], [n.]
 |
| 𐊘 | τ
 | [tʷ]? [t͡ʃ]?
 |
| 𐊌 | q
 | [k]
 |
| 𐊃 | β
 | [k]? [kʷ]?
 |
| 𐊜 | χ
 | [q]
 |

 |

* 字母𐊋 𐊓 𐊗 𐊌 𐊃 𐊜在鼻音後會發生濁音化。
* 字母組合𐊑𐊗讀如[d] ，如呂基亞語𐊑𐊗𐊁𐊎𐊒𐊜𐊍𐊆𐊅𐊀 / Ñtemuχlida，比較對應的希臘語Δημοκλείδης / *Dēmokleídēs*。
* 字母𐊙讀如[ã]，如呂基亞語𐊍𐊒𐊖𐊙𐊗𐊕𐊀 / Lusãtra，比較對應的希臘語Λύσανδρος / *Lúsandros*。
* 字母𐊐最初可能是成音節輔音[m̩]，後為尾輔音[m]。
* 字母𐊑最初可能是成音節輔音[n̩]，後為尾輔音[n]。

## 數字

呂基亞字母使用的數字符號如下：I （豎線）= 1，< （小於號）或者L C V Y（罕見）= 5，O（圓圈）= 10；— （橫線）=½；類似字母H的符號表示100。因此，數字128½會表示為HOO<III—。

## Unicode

呂基亞字母於2008年4月加入Unicode標準中，編碼於基本多文種平面，其碼位範圍為U+10280..U+1029F。

|  |
| --- |
| **呂基亞字母Lycian**[1][2] Unicode Consortium 官方碼表 (PDF)
 |
|  | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F
 |
| U+1028x
 | 𐊀 | 𐊁 | 𐊂 | 𐊃 | 𐊄 | 𐊅 | 𐊆 | 𐊇 | 𐊈 | 𐊉 | 𐊊 | 𐊋 | 𐊌 | 𐊍 | 𐊎 | 𐊏 |
| U+1029x
 | 𐊐 | 𐊑 | 𐊒 | 𐊓 | 𐊔 | 𐊕 | 𐊖 | 𐊗 | 𐊘 | 𐊙 | 𐊚 | 𐊛 | 𐊜 |  |  |  |
| **註釋**
1.**^** 依據 Unicode 14.0
2.**^** 灰色區域表示未分配的碼位 |

* 勒托翁三語石碑
* 呂基亞語

## 引用

## 參考資料

* Adiego, I. J. Greek and Lycian. Christidis, A. F.; Arapopoulou, Maria; Chriti, Maria (编). A History of Ancient Greek From the Beginning to Late Antiquity. Chris Markham (trans.). Cambridge University press. 2007. ISBN 0-521-83307-8. . Translator Chris Markham.
* Bryce, Trevor R. The Lycians - Volume I: The Lycians in Literary and Epigraphic Sources. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. 1986. ISBN 87-7289-023-1.
* Roger D. Woodard, 2007, *The Ancient Languages of Asia Minor*.

## 外部鏈接

* Everson, Michael. N3019R2: Proposal to encode the Lycian and Lydian scripts in the SMP of the UCS (PDF). DKUUG Standardization. Danish Unix User Group (DKUUG). 2006-02-05  [2008-03-18]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2012-03-18）.