# 处方缩写词列表[编辑]

**处方缩写词列表**是医学处方中常用的基于拉丁文术语的词头缩写。其中的大写、句点'.'的使用是可选的版式风格。

列表中不包含处方中常见的药品的缩写。

列表中红色条目是在美国不建议使用，褐色条目是其他组织不建议使用。

| **处方缩写词列表** |
| --- |
| 缩写
 | 拉丁文
 | 中文
 | 英文
 | 注释
 |
| aa
 | ana
 | 每，各
 | of each
 |
| AAA
 |  | 用于治疗部位
 | apply to affected area
 |
| a.c.
 | ante cibum
 | 饭前
 | before meals
 |
| a.d.
 | auris dextra
 | 右耳
 | right ear
 | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.d."，即右眼
 |
| ad lib.
 | ad libitum
 | 随意，任意量
 | use as much as one desires; freely
 |
| admov.
 | admove
 | 用于
 | apply
 |
| agit
 | agita
 |  | stir/shake
 |
| alt. h.
 | alternis horis
 | 每隔1小时；每2小时
 | every other hour
 | 也写作a.h.
 |
| a.m.m.
 | ad manu medicae
 |  | at doctors hand
 |
| a.m.
 | ante meridiem
 | 上午
 | morning, before noon
 |
| amp
 |  | 安瓿
 | ampule
 |
| amt
 |  | 数量
 | amount
 |
| aq
 | aqua
 | 水
 | water
 |
| a.l., a.s.
 | auris laeva, auris sinistra
 | 左耳
 | left ear
 | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.s."或"o.l."，即左眼
 |
| A.T.C.
 |  | 昼夜不停，24小时连续
 | around the clock
 |
| a.u.
 | auris utraque
 | 双耳
 | both ears
 | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.u."，即双眼
 |
| bis
 | bis
 | 两次
 | twice
 |
| b.d./b.i.d.
 | bis in die
 | 每天两次
 | twice daily
 |
| B.M.
 |  | 排便
 | bowel movement
 |
| BNF
 |  | 英国国家药典
 | British National Formulary （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
 |
| bol.
 | bolus | 大剂量给药（通常是静脉注射）
 | as a large single dose (usually intravenously)
 |
| B.S.
 |  | 血糖
 | blood sugar
 |
| B.S.A
 |  | 体表面积
 | body surface areas
 |
| b.t.
 |  | 就寝时间，临睡前
 | bedtime
 | 可能与 "b.i.d"（一日两次）混淆
 |
| BUCC
 | bucca
 | 颊内
 | inside cheek
 |
| cap., caps.
 | capsula
 | 胶囊
 | capsule
 |
| c, c.
 | cum
 | 与...（常写作c̄）
 | with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c")
 |
| cib.
 | cibus
 | 食物
 | food
 |
| cc
 | cum cibo
 | 与食物（也用作表示毫升）
 | with food, (but also cubic centimetre)
 | 手写体形似"U"（小写），即单位。cc亦有立方厘米/毫升的意思；在这种情况下应使用"mL"或"milliliters"
 |
| cf
 |  | 与食物
 | with food
 |
| comp.
 |  | 复方
 | compound
 |
| cr., crm
 |  | 乳膏；霜剂
 | cream
 |
| CST
 |  | 继续同样治疗
 | Continue same treatment
 |
| D 或 d
 |  | 天，或者 剂
 | days or doses
 | 存在歧义。
建议处方中写明"days"（天） 或者 "doses"（剂）

 |
| D5W
 |  | 5%葡萄糖溶液
 | dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D5W)
 |
| D5NS
 |  | 含5%葡萄糖的生理盐水
 | dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%)
 |
| D.A.W.
 |  | 按所写（医嘱）配药
 | dispense as written (i.e., no generic substitution)
 |
| dc, D/C, disc
 |  | 中断 或 排出
 | discontinue or discharge
 | 有歧义
 |
| dieb. alt.
 | diebus alternis
 | 每隔一天；每2天
 | every other day
 |
| dil.
 |  | 稀释的
 | dilute
 |
| disp.
 |  | 配药
 | dispersible or dispense
 |
| div.
 |  | 分次...（服用）
 | divide
 |
| dL
 |  | 分升
 | deciliter
 |
| d.t.d.
 | dentur tales doses
 | 给予同剂量
 | give of such doses
 |
| DTO
 |  | 去味鴉片酊劑
 | deodorized tincture of opium
 | 很容易与“稀释的鸦片酊剂”混淆，后者的强度是去味鸦片酊剂的1/25；可能导致药物过量
 |
| D.W.
 |  | 蒸馏水
 | distilled water
 |
| elix.
 |  | 酏剂
 | elixir
 |
| e.m.p.
 | ex modo prescripto
 | 按照指示，按处方处理
 | as directed
 |
| emuls.
 | emulsum
 | 乳剂
 | emulsion
 |
| et
 | et
 | 并且
 | and
 |
| eod
 |  | 每隔一天
 | every other day
 |
| ex aq
 | ex aqua
 | 水中
 | in water
 |
| fl., fld.
 |  | 液
 | fluid
 |
| ft.
 | fiat
 | 任其发生，顺其自然
 | make; let it be made
 |
| g
 |  | 克
 | gram
 |
| gr
 |  | 格令
 | grain
 |
| gtt(s)
 | gutta(e)
 | 滴
 | drop(s)
 |
| H
 |  | 皮，皮下注射
 | hypodermic
 |
| h, hr
 | hora
 | 小时
 | hour
 |
| h.s.
 | hora somni
 | 就寝时
 | at bedtime
 |
| h.s
 |  | 睡眠时 或 半强度
 | hour sleep or half-strength
 | 存在歧义
 |
| ID
 |  | 皮肤的
 | intradermal
 |
| IJ, inj
 | injectio
 | 注射
 | injection
 | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射）
 |
| IM
 |  | 肌肉注射
 | intramuscular (with respect to injections)
 |
| IN
 |  | 鼻内
 | intranasal
 | 易讹作"IM"（肌肉注射）或"IV"（静脉注射）
 |
| IP
 |  | 腹膜内的
 | intraperitoneal
 |
| IU
 |  | 国际单位制
 | international unit | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射），建议拼写出"international unit"
 |
| IV
 |  | 静脉治疗
 | intravenous
 |
| IVP
 |  | 静脉推注
 | intravenous push
 |
| IVPB
 |  |  | intravenous piggyback
 |
| kg
 |  | 千克
 | kilogram
 |
| L.A.S.
 |  |  | label as such
 |
| LCD
 |  | 煤焦油
 | coal tar solution
 |
| lin
 | linimentum
 | 搽剂
 | liniment
 |
| liq
 | liquor
 | 溶液，液体
 | solution
 |
| lot.
 |  | 洗剂
 | lotion
 |
| MAE
 |  | 活动四肢
 | Moves All Extremities
 |
| mane
 | mane
 | 晨时
 | in the morning
 |
| M.
 | misce
 | 混合
 | mix
 |
| m, min
 | minimum
 | 最小值
 | a minimum
 |
| mcg
 |  | 微克
 | microgram
 | 建议替换为"μg"，因为该缩写可能与“mg”（毫克）混淆
 |
| m.d.u.
 | more dicto utendus
 | 按照指示使用
 | to be used as directed
 |
| mEq
 |  | 毫当量
 | milliequivalent
 |
| mg
 |  | 毫克
 | milligram
 |
| mg/dL
 |  | 毫克/分升
 | milligrams per deciliter
 |
| MgSO4
 | 硫酸镁
 | magnesium sulfate
 | may be confused with "MSO4", spell out "magnesium sulfate"
 |
| mist.
 | mistura
 | 混合
 | mix
 |
| mitte
 | mitte
 | 发送
 | send
 |
| mL
 |  | 毫升
 | millilitre
 |
| MS
 |  | 硫酸吗啡 或 硫酸镁
 | morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate | can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate, spell out either
 |
| MSO4
 |  | 硫酸吗啡
 | morphine sulfate | may be confused with "硫酸镁", spell out "morphine sulfate"
 |
| nebul
 | nebula
 | 喷雾
 | a spray
 |
| N.M.T.
 |  | 不超过
 | not more than
 |
| noct.
 | nocte
 | 夜里
 | at night
 |
| non rep.
 | non repetatur
 | 不重复
 | no repeats
 |
| NPO
 | nil per os
 | 禁食，禁饮水
 | nothing by mouth
 |
| NS
 |  | 生理盐水
 | normal saline (0.9%) |
| 1/2NS
 |  | 半浓度生理盐水
 | half normal saline (0.45%) |
| N.T.E.
 |  | 不超过
 | not to exceed
 |
| o\_2
 |  | 双眼
 | both eyes, sometimes written as o2 |
| od
 | omne in die
 | 每天
 | every day/once daily (preferred to qd in the UK)
 |
| od
 | oculus dexter
 | 右眼
 | right eye
 | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.d."，即右耳，confusion with omne in die
 |
| om
 | omne mane
 | 每天上午（晨时）
 | every morning
 |
| on
 | omne nocte
 | 每夜
 | every night
 |
| o.p.d.
 |  | 每天一次
 | once per day
 |
| o.s.
 | oculus sinister
 | 左眼
 | left eye
 | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.s."，即左耳
 |
| o.u.
 | oculus uterque
 | 雙眼
 | both eyes
 | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.u."，即雙耳
 |
| oz
 |  | 盎司
 | ounce |
| per
 | per
 | 经；通过
 | by or through
 |
| p.c.
 | post cibum
 | 饭后
 | after meals
 |
| pig./pigm.
 | pigmentum
 | 涂剂
 | paint
 |
| p.m.
 | post meridiem
 | 下午与晚上
 | evening or afternoon
 |
| p.o.
 | per os
 | 经口，口服
 | by mouth or orally
 |
| p.r.
 | per rectum
 | 经直肠
 | by rectum
 |
| PRN, prn
 | pro re nata
 | 按需
 | as needed
 |
| pulv.
 | pulvis
 | 散剂
 | powder
 |
| PV
 | per vaginam
 | 经阴道
 | via the vagina
 |
| q
 | quaque
 | 每，各
 | every, per
 |
| q.a.d.
 | quaque alternis die
 | 每隔一天
 | every other day
 |
| q.a.m.
 | quaque die ante meridiem
 | 每天午前
 | every day before noon
 |
| q.d.s.
 | quater die sumendus
 | 每天四次
 | four times a day
 | can be mistaken for "qd" (every day)
 |
| q.p.m.
 | quaque die post meridiem
 | 每天下午或每晚
 | every day after noon or every evening
 |
| q.h.
 | quaque hora
 | 每小时
 | every hour
 |
| q.h.s.
 | quaque hora somni
 | 每夜就寝时
 | every night at bedtime
 |
| q.1 h, q.1°
 | quaque 1 hora
 | 每小时（可用其它数字替换"1"）
 | every 1 hour; (can replace "1" with other numbers)
 |
| q.d., q1d
 | quaque die
 | 每天
 | every day
 | mistaken for "QOD" or "qds," spell out "every day" or "daily"
 |
| q.i.d.
 | quater in die
 | 每天四次
 | four times a day
 | can be mistaken for "qd" or "qod," write out "four times a day"
 |
| q4PM
 |  | 下午4时
 | at 4pm
 | mistaken to mean every four hours
 |
| q.o.d.
 | quaque ommi die
 | 每隔一天；每两天
 | every other day
 | mistaken for "QD," spell out "every other day"
 |
| qqh
 | quater quaque hora
 | 每四小时
 | every four hours
 |
| q.s.
 | quantum sufficiat
 | 足够量
 | a sufficient quantity
 |
| QWK
 |  | 每周
 | every week
 |
| R
 |  | 直肠
 | rectal
 |
| rep., rept.
 | repetatur
 | 重复
 | repeats
 |
| RL, R/L
 |  | 乳酸林格氏液
 | Ringer's lactate |
| s | sine
 | 没有...
 | without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s")
 |
| s.a.
 | secundum artem
 | 按常规
 | according to the art (accepted practice); use your judgement
 |
| SC, subc, subcut, subq, SQ
 |  | 皮下
 | subcutaneous
 | "SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual; "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning five every dose
 |
| s.i.d/SID
 | semel in die
 | 每天一次
 | once a day
 | used exclusively in veterinary medicine
 |
| sig
 | signa
 |  | write on label
 |
| SL
 |  | 舌下
 | sublingually, under the tongue
 |
| sol
 | solutio
 | 溶液
 | solution
 |
| s.o.s., si op. sit
 | si opus sit
 | 需要时
 | if there is a need
 |
| ss
 | semis
 |  | one half or sliding scale
 | mistaken for "55" or "1/2"
 |
| SSI, SSRI
 |  |  | sliding scale insulin or sliding scale regular insulin
 | mistaken to mean "strong solution of iodine" or "selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor"
 |
| SNRI (antidepressant)
 |  | 5-羟色胺/去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（抗抑郁）
 | Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
 |
| SSRI (antidepressant)
 |  | 抗抑郁的选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂
 | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a specific class of antidepressant)
 |
| stat
 | statim
 | 立即
 | immediately
 |
| SubQ
 |  | 皮下
 | subcutaneously
 |
| supp
 | suppositorium
 | 栓剂
 | suppository
 |
| susp
 |  | 混悬剂
 | suspension
 |
| syr
 | syrupus
 | 糖浆剂
 | syrup
 |
| tab
 | tabella
 | 片剂
 | tablet
 |
| tal., t
 | talus
 |  | such
 |
| tbsp
 |  | 汤匙
 | tablespoon |
| troche
 | trochiscus
 | 锭剂
 | lozenge
 |
| t.d.s.
 | ter die sumendum
 | 每天三次
 | three times a day
 |
|  t.i.d.
 | ter in die
 | 每天三次
 | three times a day
 |
| t.i.w.
 |  | 每周三次
 | three times a week
 | mistaken for twice a week
 |
| top.
 |  | 局部的
 | topical
 |
| T.P.N.
 |  | 全肠外营养
 | total parenteral nutrition |
| tr, tinc., tinct.
 |  | 酊剂
 | tincture
 |
| tsp
 |  | 1茶匙（约5毫升）
 | teaspoon |
| U
 |  | 度量单位
 | unit
 | mistaken for a "4", "0" or "cc", spell out "unit"
 |
| u.d., ut. dict.
 | ut dictum
 | 作为指示
 | as directed
 |
| ung.
 | unguentum
 | 软膏
 | ointment
 |
| U.S.P.
 |  | 美国药典
 | United States Pharmacopoeia |
| vag
 |  | 阴道的
 | vaginally
 |
| w
 |  | 与
 | with
 |
| w/a
 |  | 醒时
 | while awake
 |
| wf
 |  | 与食物
 | with food (with meals)
 |
| w/o
 |  | 没有...
 | without
 |
| X
 |  | 次数
 | times
 |
| Y.O.
 |  | 年龄
 | years old
 |
| μg
 |  | 微克
 | microgram | mistaken for "mg", meaning milligram |
| **处方中使用的符号列表** |
| 符号
 | 拉丁文
 | 中文
 | 英文
 | 注释
 |
| @
 |  | 在
 | at
 | mistaken for "2"; spell out "at"
 |
| >
 |  | 大于
 | greater than
 | mistaken for a "7"
 |
| <
 |  | 小于
 | less than
 | mistaken for an "L"
 |
| ℞
 | recipe
 | 处方
 | take, take this, or take thus
 |  |

## 数值

使用罗马数字的医疗处方，其中的数值1、2、3要分别写作Ṫ、ṪṪ、ṪṪṪ，即大写字母T上面附加“点”。

* 医学缩写词列表

* DAW Codes