# 銀

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| 鈀 ← **銀** → 鎘 |
| 銅 ↑ **銀** ↓ 金 |

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**47Ag**
元素週期表 |

 |

 |
| 外觀 |
| 金屬：銀白色  一個銀幣 |
| 概況 |
| 名 / 符號 / 序數 | 銀, Ag, 47 |
| 元素類別 | 過渡金屬 |
| 族 / 週期 / 區 | 11, 5, d |
| 原子品質 | 107.8682 g•mol−1 |
| 電子排布 | [氪] 4d10 5s1 |
| 每層電子排布 | 2, 8, 18, 18, 1（圖） |
| 物理性質 |
| 狀態 | 固體 |
| 接近室溫密度 | 10.49 g•cm−3 |
| 熔點時液體密度 | 9.320 g•cm−3 |
| 熔點 | 1234.93 K, 961.78 °C, 1763.2 °F |
| 沸點 | 2435 K, 2162 °C, 3924 °F |
| 熔化熱 | 11.28 kJ•mol−1 |
| 汽化熱 | 250.58 kJ•mol−1 |
| 比熱容 | (25 °C) 25.3132144525464362 J•mol−1•K−1 |
| 蒸汽壓 |
|

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *P*/Pa | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1 k | 10 k | 100 k |
| at *T*/K | 1283 | 1413 | 1575 | 1782 | 2055 | 2433 |

 |
| 原子性質 |
| 氧化態 | **1**, 2, 3（兩性） |
| 電負性 | 1.93 （鮑林標度） |
| 電離能 | 第一 731.0 kJ•mol−1 |
| 第二： 2070 kJ•mol−1 |
| 第三： 3361 kJ•mol−1 |
| 原子半徑 | 144 pm |
| 共價半徑 | 145±5 pm |
| 范德華半徑 | 172 pm |
| 雜項 |
| 晶體結構 | 面心立方晶格 |
| 磁序 | 反磁性 |
| 電阻率 | (20 °C) 15.87nΩ•m |
| 熱導率 | (300 K) 429 W•m−1•K−1 |
| 熱擴散系數 | (300 K) 174 mm²/s |
| 膨脹系數 | (25 °C) 18.9 µm•m−1•K−1 |
| 楊氏模量 | 83 GPa |
| 剪切模量 | 30 GPa |
| 體積模量 | 100 GPa |
| 泊松比 | 0.37 |
| 莫氏硬度 | 2.5 |
| 維氏硬度 | 251 MPa |
| 布氏硬度 | 206 MPa |
| CAS號 | 7440-22-4 |
| 最穩定同位素 |
| 主文：銀嘅同位素 |
|

| 同位素 | 豐度 | 半衰期 | DM | DE (MeV) | DP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 105Ag | syn | 41.2 d | ε | - | 105Pd |
| γ | 0.344, 0.280, 0.644, 0.443 | - |
| 106mAg | syn | 8.28 d | ε | - | 106Pd |
| γ | 0.511, 0.717, 1.045, 0.450 | - |
| 107Ag | 51.839% | 107Ag 帶 60 個中子穩定 |
| 108mAg | syn | 418 y | ε | - | 108Pd |
| IT | 0.109 | 108Ag |
| γ | 0.433, 0.614, 0.722 | - |
| 109Ag | 48.161% | 109Ag 帶 62 個中子穩定 |
| 111Ag | syn | 7.45 d | β− | 1.036, 0.694 | 111Cd |
| γ | 0.342 | - |

 |
| 此格： 去睇 • 討論 • 編輯 • 歷史 |

**銀**（粵拼：ngan4 Silver），又叫**白銀**，係種元素，符號Ag來自拉丁文argentum，原子序數47，原子重量107.8682(2)。銀係過渡金屬，又白又軟同常光澤，化學性質穩定。對於電同熱，佢嘅傳導性能非常好。自然過有時搵到佢嘅純金屬。呢隻金屬可以做銀仔、珠寶、餐具、菲林同鏡。

## 應用

喺人類史上，銀呢種金屬不溜都好有市場價值：銀有唔少有用嘅物理同化學性質，襟擺而且仲能夠抵抗腐蝕；包括係古埃及、古希臘以至係周朝等嘅早期文明，都有攞銀嚟造銀ngan2仔、珠寶以至食具等有用嘅物品，當中用銀造嘅刀叉同碗筷到咗廿一世紀初都仲係好受歡迎。

銀嘅導電性能係咁多種金屬當中最強嘅，所以自從廿世紀起，銀就不時都會畀人攞去製作電子元件或者係太陽能板嘅某啲部份。

因為銀咁有價值，唔少人都會買賣銀嚟做一種投資。

## 睇埋

* 白銀投資

## 引咗