# Hái-ang

Toā-si̍t-keng (*Megaptera novaeangliae*)
**Hái-ang** sī thiat-té tiàm hái--ni̍h seng-oa̍h ê toā-hêng chhī-leng tōng-bu̍t, hām hái-ti kāng-khoán sio̍k tī Cetacea ba̍k. Hái-ang mā ū hō-chò **hái-iû**, **keng-hî**, chóng--sī m̄ sī hî.

## Pó-chûn chōng-hóng

Toā-hêng hái-ang in-ūi 19/20 sè-kí siuⁿ lia̍h, bo̍k-chêng toā-hūn ū khu̍t-chéng ê gûi-hiám. Jîn-lūi lia̍h hái-ang beh iōng i ê iû, bah, keng-chhiu, kap tn̂g-á lāi-té ê phang-chúi châi-liāu. Kàu kah 20 sè-kí tiong-kî, chin chē hái-ang tīn ê sò͘-liōng toā lak. Kok-chè Lia̍h-keng Úi-oân-hoē (IWC) choâⁿ-á tī 1986 nî bô hān-kî kìm-chí só͘-ū ê siang-gia̍p lia̍h-keng oa̍h-tōng. Chóng--sī ū chi̍t-koá lē-goā, chhin-chhiūⁿ Norge, Peng-tē, Ji̍t-pún téng-kok goân-chāi ū teh lia̍h. Pak Bí-chiu, Siberia ê chi̍t-koá-á goân-chū-bîn mā ū lia̍h.

## Hun-lūi

Hái-ang ē-sái pun 2 chióng:

1. Chhiu-keng: ū keng-chhiu ê hái-ang (Mysticeti a-ba̍k).
2. Khí-keng: ū chhùi-khí ê hái-ang (Odontoceti a-ba̍k, m̄-koh bô pau-koah hái-ti-á).

Soà--lo̍h-lâi ê hun-lūi chú-iàu chham-khó Dale W. Rice ê *Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution* (1998); che sī bo̍k-chêng piau-chún ê hun-lūi-ha̍k chham-khó chu-liāu, hām *Mammal Species of the World: 3rd Edition* (Wilson kap Reeder ha̍p-pian, 2005) ū ki-pún-te̍k ê tùi-tâng, cheng-chha ê ūi hun-pia̍t iōng "Rice" kap "MSW3" piau-kì.

* **CETACEA BA̍K**
	+ **Mysticeti a-ba̍k**: ū chhiu ê hái-ang
		- Balaenidae kho: Chiàⁿ hái-ang kap Chheⁿ-tē Hái-ang
			* *Balaena* sio̍k
				+ Chheⁿ-tē Hái-ang, *Balaena mysticetus*
			* *Eubalaena* sio̍k
				+ Tāi-se-iûⁿ Pak Chiàⁿ Hái-ang, *Eubalaena glacialis*
				+ Thài-pêng-iûⁿ Pak Chiàⁿ Hái-ang, *Eubalaena japonica*
				+ Lâm Chiàⁿ Hái-ang, *Eubalaena australis*
		- Balaenopteridae kho: ū sûn ê hái-ang
			* Balaenopterinae a-kho
				+ *Balaenoptera* sio̍k
					- Pak Minke Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera acutorostrata*
					- Lâm Minke Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera bonaerensis*
					- Sei Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera borealis*
					- Bryde ê Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera brydei*
					- Eden ê Hái-ang *Balaenoptera edeni* - Rice jīn-ûi sī to̍k-li̍p chéng, MSW3 bô.
					- Omura ê Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera omurai* - MSW3 kā che tòng-chò Bryde ê Hái-ang ê tông-gī-sû, chóng-sī kóng sī chiām-sî án-ne-seⁿ.
					- Khóng-sek Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera musculus*
					- Thong-thò Hái-ang, *Balaenoptera physalus*
			* Megapterinae a-kho
				+ *Megaptera* sio̍k
					- Toā-si̍t-keng (Chō-thâu-keng), *Megaptera novaeangliae*
		- † *Eobalaenoptera* sio̍k
			* † Harrison ê Hái-ang, *Eobalaenoptera harrisoni*
		- Eschrichtiidae kho
			* *Eschrichtius* sio̍k
				+ Phú-sek Hái-ang, *Eschrichtius robustus*
		- Neobalaenidae kho:
			* *Caperea* sio̍k
				+ É Chiàⁿ Hái-ang, *Caperea marginata*
	+ **Odontoceti a-ba̍k**: ū chhùi-khí ê hái-ang
		- (Delphinidae kho: Hái-ti)
		- (Monodontidae kho: Beluga kap Narwhal)
		- (Phocoenidae kho: Porpoise)
		- Physeteridae kho:
			* *Physeter* sio̍k
				+ Boah-phang-keng, *Physeter macrocephalus*
		- Kogiidae kho - MSW3 kā *Kogia* tòng-chò Physeteridae ê sêng-oân.
			* *Kogia* sio̍k
				+ É Boah-phang-keng, *Kogia breviceps*
				+ Ìn-tō·-Thài-pêng-iûⁿ É Boah-phang-keng, *Kogia sima*
				+ Tāi-se-iûⁿ É Boah-phang-keng, - *Kogia sp.*
		- (Superfamily Platanistoidea: Hô hái-ti)
		- Ziphidae kho, Chiam-chhùi hái-ang
			* *Berardius* sio̍k
				+ Arnoux ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Berardius arnuxii*
				+ Baird ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang (North Pacific Bottlenose Whale), *Berardius bairdii*
			* Hyperoodontidae a-kho
				+ *Hyperoodon* sio̍k
					- Pak Kan-á-phiⁿ Hái-ang, *Hyperoodon ampullatus*
					- Lâm Kan-á-phiⁿ Hái-ang, *Hyperoodon planifrons*
				+ *Indopacetus* sio̍k
					- Ìn-tō͘ Thài-pêng-iûⁿ Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang (Longman ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang), *Indopacetus pacificus*
				+ *Mesoplodon* sio̍k, Mesoplodont hái-ang
					- Sowerby ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon bidens*
					- Andrews ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon bowdoini*
					- Hubbs ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon carlhubbsi*
					- Blainville ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon densirostris*
					- Gervais ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon europaeus*
					- Ginkgo-toothed Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon ginkgodens*
					- Gray ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon grayi*
					- Hector ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon hectori*
					- Layard ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon layardii*
					- True ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon mirus*
					- Perrin ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon perrini*. 2002 nî chiah ū sêng-jīn, Rice bē-hù lia̍t.
					- É Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon peruvianus*
					- Stejneger ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Mesoplodon stejnegeri*
					- Spade Toothed Whale, *Mesoplodon traversii*
			* *Tasmacetus* sio̍k
				+ Tasman Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang (Shepherd ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang), *Tasmacetus shepherdi*
			* *Ziphius* sio̍k
				+ Cuvier ê Chiam-chhùi Hái-ang, *Ziphius cavirostris*

## Siong-koan ê bûn-chiuⁿ

* Hái-ang po̍k-chà

## Chham-khó chu-liāu

* Kho-ha̍k hun-lūi:
	+ Rice, Dale W. (1998). Marine mammals of the world: systematics and distribution. Society of Marine Mammalogy Special Publication Number 4.
	+ Mead, James G. and Robert L. Brownell, Jr (November 16, 2005). Wilson, D. E., and Reeder, D. M. (eds) Mammal Species of the World, 3rd edition, 723-743, Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
* Miâ hoan-e̍k:
	+ Tiong-Eng-bûn miâ tùi-chiò Archived 2006-08-29 at the Wayback Machine.
	+ American Cetacean Society Archived 2010-06-13 at the Wayback Machine.
	+ Classification of whales
* Tô͘:
	+ Hái-iûⁿ Tâi-oân Archived 2006-02-08 at the Wayback Machine.

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