# Kim-chheⁿ

Kim-chheⁿ |  |
| Kúi-tō sèng-chit |
| Goân-kî J2000 |
| Aphelion | * 7011108939114216059♠0.728213 AU
* 7011108939000000000♠108,939,000 km
 |
| Kīn-ji̍t-tiám | * 7011107477094225708♠0.718440 AU
* 7011107477000000000♠107,477,000 km
 |
| Pòaⁿ-tn̂g chhia-sim | * 7011108208927009172♠0.723332 AU
* 7011108208000000000♠108,208,000 km
 |
| Lî-sim-lu̍t | 0.006772 |
| Kúi-tō chiu-kî | * 7007194141664000000♠224.701 d
* 6999615198000000000♠0.615198 yr
* 1.92 Venus solar day
 |
| Hōe-ha̍p chiu-kî | 583.92 days |
| Pêng-kin kúi-tō sok-le̍k | 35.02 km/s |
| Pêng-kin kīn-tiám-kak | 50.115° |
| Khi-pêng | * 6998592465977223492♠3.39458° to ecliptic
* 3.86° to Sun's equator
* 2.19° to invariable plane
 |
| Seng-kau-tiám ê keng-tō͘ | 76.680° |
| Hn̄g-tiám ê ín-sò͘ | 54.884° |
| Ōe-chheⁿ | None |
| Bu̍t-lí sèn-chit |
| Pêng-kin poàn-kéng | * 7006605180000000000♠6,051.8±1.0 km
* 6999949900000000000♠0.9499 Earths
 |
| Píⁿ-pêⁿ-lu̍t | 0 |
| Piáu-bīn-chek | * 7014460229999999999♠4.6023×108 km2
* 0.902 Earths
 |
| Thé-chek | * 7020928430000000000♠9.2843×1011 km3
* 0.866 Earths
 |
| Chit-liōng | * 7024486749999999999♠4.8675×1024 kg
* 0.815 Earths
 |
| Pêng-kin bi̍t-tō͘ | 7003524300000000000♠5.243 g/cm3 |
| Piáu-bīn tiōng-le̍k | * 7000886999999999999♠8.87 m/s2
* 0.904 *g*
 |
| Thoat-cháu so̍k-tō͘ | 10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s) |
| Hêng-chheⁿ chū-choán chiu-kî | 2992790026400000000♠−243.025 d (retrograde) |
| Chhiah-tō chū-choán sok-tō͘ | 6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s) |
| Chhia-sim khi-pêng | 2.64° (for retrograde rotation) 177.36° (to orbit) |
| Pak-ke̍k chhiah-keng | * 18h 11m 2s
* 272.76°
 |
| Pak-ke̍k chhiah-hūi | 67.16° |
| Hoán-siā-lu̍t | * 0.689 (geometric)
* 0.76 (Bond)
 |
|

| Piáu-bīn un-tō͘ | siōng-kē | pêng-kin | siōng-koân |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kelvin |  | 737 K |  |
| Celsius |  | 464 °C |  |
| Fahrenheit |  | 867 °F |  |

 |
| Bêng-hián-tō͘ | −4.92 kàu −2.98 |
| Kak-ti̍t-kèng | 9.7″–66.0″ |
| Tāi-khì-khoan |
| Piáu-bīn ap-le̍k | 92 bar (9.2 MPa) 91 atm |
| Thé-chek cho͘-sêng | * 96.5% jī-sng-hòa thòaⁿ-sò͘
* 3.5% chek-sò͘
* 0.015% jī-sng-hoà liû-hông
* 0.0070% argon
* 0.0020% chúi-cheng-khì
* 0.0017% it-sng-hoà thoàⁿ-sò͘
* 0.0012% helium
* 0.0007% neon
* bî-liōng ê liû-hòa carbonyl, iâm-hoà chúi-sò͘, hut-hoà chúi-sò͘
 |
|  |

**Kim-chheⁿ** (Hàn-jī: 金星, Choân: Kim-chhiⁿ; Eng-gí: Venus), sī lī Ji̍t-thâu tē-2 hn̄g ê he̍k-chheⁿ. I sī tē-kiû-hêng he̍k-chheⁿ, toā-sè kap kiat-kò͘ lóng chin chhan-chhiūⁿ tē-kiû, ū lâng kóng i sī Tē-kiû ê "chí-moē he̍k-chheⁿ". He̍k-chheⁿ ê kúi-tō lóng sī tn̂g-ko-îⁿ , m̄-koh Kim-chheⁿ--ê siōng îⁿ, i ê lī-sim-lu̍t bô kaù 1%.

Kim-chheⁿ phēng Tē-kiû khah oá Ji̍t-thâu, kiàn khoàⁿ tō kap ji̍t-thâu kāng hong-hiòng, tio̍h àm-thaû-á iah beh thiⁿ-kng hit kúi tiám-cheng chiah khoàⁿ ē-tio̍h. Kim-chheⁿ ê khan-tn̂g-kak (*elongation*) ke̍k-ke sī 47.8°. Kim-chheⁿ kng ê sî ji̍t-·sî mā khoàⁿ ē tio̍h; chit chióng ji̍t-·sî khoàⁿ ē-tit tio̍h--ê chóng-á-kiōng-á Goe̍h-niû kap Kim-chheⁿ niâ.

## Miâ-chheng

Kim-chheⁿ tī Tiong-kok mā hō-chò **Khé-bêng-chheⁿ** (啓明星), **Thài-pe̍k-chheⁿ** (太白星), tī se-iûⁿ mā hō-chò **Thàu-chá-chheⁿ** (*Morning Star*), iah sī **Àm-thâu-chheⁿ** (*Evening Star*). Àm-sî chún-nā khoàⁿ tio̍h Kim-chheⁿ, i koat-tēng sī Goe̍h-niû lia̍h-goā thiⁿ-téng siōng-kài kng ·ê.

## Chham-khó

| Thài-iông-hē |
| --- |
|  |
| **Chheⁿ:** Ji̍t-thâu |
| **He̍k-chheⁿ:** Chúi-chheⁿ | Kim-chheⁿ | Tē-kiû | Hóe-chheⁿ | Bo̍k-chheⁿ | Thó͘-chheⁿ | Thian-ông-chheⁿ | Hái-ông-chheⁿ |
| **É-he̍k-chheⁿ:** Ceres | Mê-ông-chheⁿ | Haumea | Makemake | Eris |
| **Sió-bu̍t-thé:** Sió-he̍k-chheⁿ | Hái-ông-chheⁿ goā chheⁿ-thé | Tn̂g-boé-chheⁿ |
| **Oē-chheⁿ:** Goe̍h-niû | Hoé-chheⁿ ê | Bo̍k-chheⁿ ê | Thó͘-chheⁿ ê | Thian-ông-chheⁿ ê | Hái-ông-chheⁿ ê |
| **Tīn:** Sió-he̍k-chheⁿ-toà | Kuiper-toà | Sàn-loān îⁿ-poâⁿ | Oort-hûn |
| Chhiáⁿ chham-khó thian-bûn bu̍t-thé, thài-iông-hē ê chheⁿ-thé lia̍t-toaⁿ, chiàu poàⁿ-kèng pâi iah sī chiàu chit-liōng pâi |